{smcl} {* Help file revised 2009-02-20}{...} {hline} help for {hi:dsginideco}{right:Jenkins and Van Kerm (February 2009)} {hline} {title:Decomposition of inequality change into pro-poor growth and mobility components} {p 4 14 2} {cmdab:dsginideco} {it:var0 var1} [{it:weight}] [{cmd:if} {it:exp}] [{cmd:in} {it:range}] [{cmd:,} {cmdab:p:arameters(}{it:numlist}{cmd:)} {cmdab:f:ormat}{cmd:(%}{it:fmt}{cmd:)} {cmdab:per:centage} {cmdab:percf:ormat}{cmd:(%}{it:fmt}{cmd:)} {cmdab:k:akwani} ] {p 4 8 2} {cmd:aweights} and {cmd:fweights} are allowed; see help {help weights:weights}. {p 4 4 2} {cmdab:dsginideco} requires panel data, in wide form, on income in two time periods. {it:var0} contains the measure of income in the initial period for each observation. {it:var1} contains the measure of income in the final period for each observation. If the data are held in long form, time-series operators may be used to define {it:var0} or {it:var1}: see the Examples. {title:Description} {p 4 4 2} {cmdab:dsginideco} decomposes the change in income inequality between two time periods into two components, one representing the progressivity (pro-poorness) of income growth, and the other representing reranking. Inequality is measured using the generalized Gini coefficient, also known as the S-Gini, {it:G}({it:v}). This is a distributionally-sensitive inequality index, with larger values of {it:v} placing greater weight on inequality differences among poorer (lower ranked) observations. The conventional Gini coefficient corresponds to the case {it:v} = 2. The decomposition is of the form: {p 8 4 2} final-period inequality {c -} initial-period inequality = {it:R} {c -} {it: P} {p 4 4 2} where {it:R} is a measure of reranking, and {it:P} is a measure of the progressivity of income growth. {p 4 4 2} For full details of the decomposition and an application, see Jenkins and Van Kerm (2006). For an application to the related topic of cross-country convergence, see O'Neill and Van Kerm (2008). {p 4 4 2} See the {browse "http://medim.ceps.lu/stata/dsginideco_v1.pdf":online manual} for additional discussion and examples. {title:Options} {p 4 8 2}{cmd:parameters(}{it:numlist}{cmd:)} specifies a value or values for {it:v} in {it:G}({it:v}). The default value is 2, leading to a decomposition of the standard Gini coefficient. Multiple values of {it:v} can be given but every value specified must be greater than 1. {p 4 8 2}{cmd:format(}{it:string}{cmd:)} specifies a format for the displayed results. The default is %5.3f. {p 4 8 2}{cmd:percentage} requests that decomposition factors be reported as fractions of the initial-period {it:G}({it:v}). {p 4 8 2}{cmd:percformat(}{it:string}{cmd:)} used in conjunction with {cmd:percentage} specifies a format for results expressed as a fraction of base-period Gini. The default is %4.1f. {p 4 8 2}{cmd:kakwani} requests reporting of the Kakwani-type measure of progressivity of income growth, {it:K}. (See Jenkins and Van Kerm 2006 for the definition.) This statistic is meaningful only when average income growth is not close to zero. {title:Saved Results} {p 4 17 2}Scalars: {p_end} {p 4 17 2}{cmd:r(sgini0)}{space 8}{it:G}({it:v}) for initial period incomes {p_end} {p 4 17 2}{cmd:r(sgini1)}{space 8}{it:G}({it:v}) for final period incomes {p_end} {p 4 17 2}{cmd:r(dsgini)}{space 8}Change in inequality: final-period {it:G}({it:v}) {c -} initial-period {it:G}({it:v}) {p_end} {p 4 17 2}{cmd:r(pi)}{space 12}Average income growth between initial and final period {p_end} {p 4 17 2}{cmd:r(P)}{space 13}{it:P} {p_end} {p 4 17 2}{cmd:r(R)}{space 13}{it:R} {p_end} {p 4 17 2}{cmd:r(K)}{space 13}{it:K}, if requested {p_end} {p 4 17 2}{cmd:r(N)}{space 13}Number of observations {p_end} {p 4 17 2}{cmd:r(sum_w)}{space 9}Sum of weights {p_end} {p 4 17 2}Macros: {p_end} {p 4 17 2}{cmd:r(var0)}{space 10}The name of variable {it:var0} {p_end} {p 4 17 2}{cmd:r(var1)}{space 10}The name of variable {it:var1} {p_end} {p 4 17 2}{cmd:r(paramlist)}{space 5}The value(s) of {it:v} {p_end} {p 4 17 2}Matrices: {p_end} {p 4 17 2}{cmd:r(coeffs)}{space 8}All estimates: {it:G}({it:v}) for both periods, the change in {it:G}({it:v}), {it:P} and {it:R}, and {it:K} if requested {p_end} {p 4 17 2}{cmd:r(parameters)}{space 4}Vector containing the value(s) of {it:v} {p_end} {p 4 4 2} When the {cmd:percentage} option is specified, an additional set of results is returned, each prefixed by {cmd:rel}, containing the estimates expressed as a fraction of the initial-period {it:G}({it:v}). Type {cmd:return list} after {cmd:dsginideco} to find out exactly what results are returned. {title:Examples} {p 8 12 2}{inp:. use http://www.stata-press.com/data/r9/nlswork , clear } {p 8 12 2}{inp:. tsset idcode year } {p 8 12 2}{inp:. gen w = exp(ln_wage) } {p 8 12 2}{inp:. dsginideco L.w w } {p 8 12 2}{inp:. dsginideco L.w w , percentage parameters(1.5 2 3 4) kakwani } {p 8 12 2}{inp:. gen newid = idcode } {p 8 12 2}{inp:. tsset newid year } {p 8 12 2}{inp:. bootstrap dG=r(dsgini) R=r(R) P=r(P) /// } {p 8 12 2}{inp: {space 5} , cluster(idcode) idcluster(newid) reps(250) nodots: /// } {p 8 12 2}{inp: {space 5} dsginideco L.w w if !mi(L.w) & !mi(w) } {p 8 12 2}{inp:. jackknife dG=r(dsgini) R=r(R) P=r(P) /// } {p 8 12 2}{inp: {space 5} , cluster(idcode) idcluster(newid) rclass nodots: /// } {p 8 12 2}{inp: {space 5} dsginideco L.w w if !mi(L.w) & !mi(w) } {title:References} {p 4 8 2}Jenkins, S.P. and Van Kerm, P. (2006). Trends in income inequality, pro-poor income growth and income mobility. {it:Oxford Economic Papers}, 58(3): 531{c -}548. {browse "http://oep.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/gpl014v1":[link]} {p 4 8 2}O'Neill, D. and Van Kerm, P. (2008). An integrated framework for analysing income convergence. {it:The Manchester School}. 76(1): 1{c -}20. {browse "http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/119420442/abstract":[link]} {title:Authors} Stephen P. Jenkins ISER, University of Essex, UK Philippe Van Kerm CEPS/INSTEAD, Luxembourg philippe.vankerm@ceps.lu {* Version 1.0.3 2009-02-20}