Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Amanda Berry Author-X-Name-First: Amanda Author-X-Name-Last: Berry Title: 'Balancing the books': funding provincial hospitals in eighteenth-century England Abstract: English hospitals were principally charitable institutions, largely financed by voluntary subscriptions and donations. Accountable to their patrons, hospitals published detailed financial reports. This paper uses hospital accounts to evaluate the income and expenditure of three English provincial hospitals between 1765 and 1815, reviews their use of capital receipts and explores the various approaches hospital governors took to fund their institutions. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 1-30 Issue: 1 Volume: 7 Year: 1997 Keywords: Voluntary Hospitals;Eighteenth-century England;Financial Accounts;Costing;Income;Expenditure;Financial Management, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852097330748 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852097330748 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:7:y:1997:i:1:p:1-30 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Scorgie Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Scorgie Title: Progenitors of modern management accounting concepts and mensurations in pre-industrial England Abstract: Edwards and Newell (1994: 407) noted that 'the application of accounting techniques in business management continues to be a largely unexplored area of business history'. Outcomes of this lack of research and knowledge are simplistic conclusions such as 'accounting systems for managerial decisions and control can be traced back to the origins of hierarchical enterprises in the early nineteenth century' (Johnson and Kaplan, 1987). In contrast, the case and conclusion presented in this paper hold that innovative measurements for decisions and control attributed to industrial revolution managers were adaptations of concepts used by auditors, stewards and bailiffs who, on behalf of lords of the manor, controlled agricultural activities on landed estates. In addition, evidence is presented which shows that concepts of production standards and standard costs were used in pre-industrial England to control the manufacture and sale of bread. Much of the evidence used to build the case was drawn from translations of medieval management, accounting and legal treatises and is presented under six headings. In each of the six sections evidence of the use of a progenitor of a modern management accounting concept and associated mensuration (action of measurement) is presented and discussed. The headings are: production capacity; production standards; standard costs; cost allocation; performance analysis; and relevant costs. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 31-59 Issue: 1 Volume: 7 Year: 1997 Keywords: History;Walter Of Henley;Fleta;Standards;Managerialism;Accounting, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852097330757 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852097330757 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:7:y:1997:i:1:p:31-59 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Susan Bartlett Author-X-Name-First: Susan Author-X-Name-Last: Bartlett Author-Name: Michael John Jones Author-X-Name-First: Michael John Author-X-Name-Last: Jones Title: Annual reporting disclosures 1970-90: an exemplification Abstract: This case study examines the annual report disclosures in a UK listed company, Bulmers, from 1970 to 1990. While mandatory disclosure increased sharply, primarily because of the 1981 Companies Act, the even steeper increase in voluntary disclosure was part of a wide-ranging package of measures which Bulmers' chairman, Peter Prior, introduced to reflect a new corporate philosophy. In 1974, Bulmers provided a statement of company objectives, the first known British example, a year before this practice was recommended in The Corporate Report (Accounting Standards Steering Committee, 1975). In 1982, Esmond Bulmer MP introduced a Private Member's Bill on employee consultation and information, the basic aims of which were eventually enshrined in the 1985 Companies Act. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 61-80 Issue: 1 Volume: 7 Year: 1997 Keywords: Bulmers;Corporate Annual Report;Mandatory Disclosure;Voluntary;Disclosure, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852097330766 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852097330766 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:7:y:1997:i:1:p:61-80 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Victor Murinde Author-X-Name-First: Victor Author-X-Name-Last: Murinde Author-Name: Joram Kariisa-Kasa Author-X-Name-First: Joram Author-X-Name-Last: Kariisa-Kasa Title: The financial performance of the East African Development Bank: a retrospective analysis Abstract: This paper analyses retrospectively the financial performance of the East African Development Bank. Three methods of analysis, derived from a selective review of the literature, are applied, namely the standard financial ratios; statistical moments such as the mean, range and standard deviation of balance sheet and related accounts; and the Subsidy Dependence Index. The results show that the bank's historical performance has been disappointing. It is suggested that the bank should engage proactively in the identification, promotion and post-evaluation of projects. Further research is proposed in order to encompass analytically the financial, developmental and technological functions of the bank. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 81-104 Issue: 1 Volume: 7 Year: 1997 Keywords: Financial Performance;East African Development Bank;Subsidy;Dependency Index, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852097330775 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852097330775 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:7:y:1997:i:1:p:81-104 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kees Camfferman Author-X-Name-First: Kees Author-X-Name-Last: Camfferman Title: An overview of recent Dutch-language publications in accounting, business and financial history in the Netherlands Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 105-136 Issue: 1 Volume: 7 Year: 1997 X-DOI: 10.1080/095852097330784 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852097330784 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:7:y:1997:i:1:p:105-136 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. J. Arnold Author-X-Name-First: A. J. Author-X-Name-Last: Arnold Title: 'Publishing your private affairs to the world': corporate financial disclosures in the UK 1900-24 Abstract: The main intention of this paper is to consider the disclosure practices of quoted UK companies during an important period of change in financial accounting practice, the first quarter of the twentieth century. The paper focuses in particular on levels of disclosure, as indicated by the volume of information provided, and on more qualitative aspects of disclosure practice. Our knowledge of the patterns of disclosure practices over time is deficient, despite the work of a number of accounting historians, and is based upon a limited amount of primary evidence. The paper reviews current perspectives on the corporate financial disclosures of the period, provides new evidence on disclosure practices in the form of an analysis and comparison of the published and internal records of thirty quoted companies operating in four major industrial sectors in the UK during the period 1900-24 and draws some conclusions. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 143-173 Issue: 2 Volume: 7 Year: 1997 Keywords: Financial Accounting;Disclosure Levels, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852097330694 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852097330694 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:7:y:1997:i:2:p:143-173 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. J. Briston Author-X-Name-First: R. J. Author-X-Name-Last: Briston Author-Name: M. J. M. Kedslie Author-X-Name-First: M. J. M. Author-X-Name-Last: Kedslie Title: The internationalization of British professional accounting: the role of the examination exporting bodies Abstract: This paper extends the seminal study of the role of the UK accounting profession undertaken by Johnson and Caygill (1971). It is argued that the influence of the British accounting profession upon overseas countries has changed significantly from the export of UK accountants to the export of examinations. This has greatly facilitated the attainment of a UK qualification by overseas nationals and thus enhanced the international influence of UK accounting principles and practices. The possible implications of this trend for importing countries are also explored. Finally, the paper discusses the impact of this new development upon the professional body which is the leading provider of overseas examinations. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 175-194 Issue: 2 Volume: 7 Year: 1997 Keywords: International Accounting;Accounting History;Professional Bodies;Accounting Education, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852097330702 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852097330702 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:7:y:1997:i:2:p:175-194 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Higgins Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Higgins Author-Name: Steven Toms Author-X-Name-First: Steven Author-X-Name-Last: Toms Title: Firm structure and financial performance: the Lancashire textile industry, c.1884 - c.1960 Abstract: Recent business history has been much concerned with the relationship between organization structure and competitive advantage. Using an archetypal case, the decline of the export-led British cotton industry, the contention that the vertically integrated, professionally managed firm has been an important pre-condition for the creation of international competitive advantage during the twentieth century is subjected to scrutiny. This is achieved by a long-run comparison of accounting-based financial performance indicators. Evidence suggests that vertical specialization was a superior form of business organization. Explanations for this lie in the evolution of technology, a conflict between production and marketing in integrated firms, but, above all, in market signals which repeatedly informed entrepreneurs that specialization worked. In drawing such conclusions we differ fundamentally from previous interpretations of the rise and fall of Lancashire textiles. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 195-232 Issue: 2 Volume: 7 Year: 1997 Keywords: Lancashire Textiles;Institutions;Strategy;Structure;Profitability, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852097330711 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852097330711 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:7:y:1997:i:2:p:195-232 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stewart Jones Author-X-Name-First: Stewart Author-X-Name-Last: Jones Title: The professional background of company law pressure groups Abstract: In a recent article, Jones (1995) notes that witnesses before the nineteenthcentury government committees played a pivotal role in the initiation of company accounting recommendations and, ultimately, in subsequent legislation. However, very little is known about these witnesses, particularly in relation to their professional occupations/affiliations and the degree to which different professions were represented before various parliamentary committees. Research on these questions will improve our knowledge and understanding of nineteenth-century influences on company law reform. This preliminary study indicates that the representation of different professional groups varied between committees. Furthermore, certain professions and interest groups tended to be better represented than others throughout the nineteenth century. Finally, accounting recommendations of witnesses appeared to vary across different professions. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 233-242 Issue: 2 Volume: 7 Year: 1997 Keywords: Expert Witnesses;Disclosure;Auditing;Occupation, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852097330720 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852097330720 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:7:y:1997:i:2:p:233-242 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. H. Parker Author-X-Name-First: R. H. Author-X-Name-Last: Parker Author-Name: Y. Lemarchand Author-X-Name-First: Y. Author-X-Name-Last: Lemarchand Author-Name: T. Boyns Author-X-Name-First: T. Author-X-Name-Last: Boyns Title: Introduction Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 251-257 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 1997 X-DOI: 10.1080/095852097330621 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852097330621 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:7:y:1997:i:3:p:251-257 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Miche 'Le Lacombe-Saboly Author-X-Name-First: Miche 'Le Author-X-Name-Last: Lacombe-Saboly Title: Hospital accounts and accounting systems: a study in the French region of Toulouse from the seventeenth to the nineteenth century Abstract: Private charity was the origin of the foundation of hospitals in pre-revolutionary France and at the same time their principal source of income; the church played an important role. The Revolution introduced many changes to hospitals. This article has two objectives: to describe hospital organization and accounting practices between the seventeenth and the nineteenth centuries as seen in three hospitals in the Toulouse region, and to show how the accounting model adopted was suited to their structure and aims. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 259-280 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 1997 Keywords: Hospital Accounting, Control, Charge, Discharge, Treasurer, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852097330630 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852097330630 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:7:y:1997:i:3:p:259-280 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Laurent Batsch Author-X-Name-First: Laurent Author-X-Name-Last: Batsch Title: Accounting and financial policy at Schneider (1837-75) Abstract: This article deals with financial accounting and financial strategy at Schneider during the period of early French industrialization. The charging of all capital expenditure to net income led both to an underestimation of assets and a reduction of distributable income. Schneider managed to reconcile this accounting choice with a generous dividend policy. The means by which the company's capital was increased are also considered. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 281-294 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 1997 Keywords: Balance Sheet, Corporate Finance, Dividends, Early Industrialization, Creusot, Schneider, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852097330649 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852097330649 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:7:y:1997:i:3:p:281-294 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ludovic Cailluet Author-X-Name-First: Ludovic Author-X-Name-Last: Cailluet Title: Accounting and accountants as essential elements in the development of central administration during the inter-war period: management ideology and technology at Alais, Froges et Camargue (AFC-Pechiney) Abstract: Alais, Froges et Camargue (AFC or Pechiney) came into being following mergers within the French aluminium industry during and immediately following the First World War. The new management had to cope with a rapidly expanded, diversified and geographically dispersed business enterprise. During the inter-war period AFC's directors created a strong administrative and functional organization to unify and standardize the use of management tools and the operation of the financial information system. The accounting department, closely linked to the Chief Executive Officer from 1921, was to be the main focus of the new organization. The ideology of rationalization, typical of the inter-war period, was clearly to be found at Pechiney's headquarters, reflected in the systematization of management, the training of clerks and mechanization. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 295-314 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 1997 Keywords: Pechiney, Central Administration, Accounting Organization, Management, Tools, Training, Inter-war Period, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852097330658 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852097330658 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:7:y:1997:i:3:p:295-314 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Henri Bouquin Author-X-Name-First: Henri Author-X-Name-Last: Bouquin Title: Management accounting in its social context: Rimailho revisited Abstract: The homogeneous sections method prescribed by the Plan comptable general (the French national accounting plan) since its origin is commonly attributed to the influence of the Rimailho Report (1928, in its final version). An in-depth analysis of the processes and management systems Rimailho set up, described in minute detail in his major works, has led to the belief that he was the pioneer of a certain type of the activity-based costing method. But other aspects of his work are far more interesting. With Rimailho, accountancy plays a role which is closely linked to his political and social convictions. Rimailho's management accounting appears as the strategic tool in a type of corporate regulation involving organizational slack, possible in a defender 's strategy deployed in a specific competitive and technological environment. Rimailho's organization does not fit into today's standard typologies (Anthony, Woodward, Ouchi, etc.). It is an appropriate challenge for researchers in accounting and management control. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 315-343 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 1997 Keywords: Homogeneous Sections, Activities, Organizational Slack, Management, Accounting, Performance Measurement, Asymmetric Information, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852097330667 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852097330667 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:7:y:1997:i:3:p:315-343 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Henri Zimnovitch Author-X-Name-First: Henri Author-X-Name-Last: Zimnovitch Title: The development of standard costing at SaintGobain, 1920-60: forty years of quarantine? Abstract: Standard costing, conceived in the first two decades of the twentieth century in the United States, became widespread in American literature and enterprises between the two World Wars but was not introduced at Saint-Gobain until around 1960. This article investigates the circumstances behind the forty-year period separating the availability of the technique and its application in a significant French company. The time lag required by the French accounting profession to adopt the technique is put forward as the primary, though not the only, cause of this delay. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 345-365 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 1997 Keywords: Accounting History, Accounting Techniques, Standard Costing, Saintgobain, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852097330676 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852097330676 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:7:y:1997:i:3:p:345-365 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anne Pezet Author-X-Name-First: Anne Author-X-Name-Last: Pezet Title: The development of discounted cash flow and profitability of investment in France in the 1960s Abstract: The methods and concepts of the history of technology can make a contribution to the history of management techniques. The model developed by Hughes (1983) to trace the history of a technique from the invention phase to the stabilization phase can provide a useful tool of analysis. The history (until now written exclusively in Anglo-Saxon terms) of the slow adoption by firms of the very old technique of discounting, in order to evaluate investments, can be discussed within a new framework. In France the innovation phase took place very early, as a result of a long tradition of economic calculation. The French case demonstrates the link between management innovation and the social and economic environment. This link appears to be more in accord with Gille's 'loose determinism' than with any rigid causality. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 367-380 Issue: 3 Volume: 7 Year: 1997 Keywords: Discounted Cash Flow, Actualization, Innovation, Socio-economic, Context, Adaptation, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852097330685 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852097330685 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:7:y:1997:i:3:p:367-380 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roger Lister Author-X-Name-First: Roger Author-X-Name-Last: Lister Title: Business ethics: A 3000-year-old orthodox perspective which impinges on contemporary business decisions Abstract: The exigencies of orthodoxy have determined and continue to determine the business relationships and decisions of many groups. These demands consequently affect the form and content of business transactions and records. The care, under Jewish law, with which a contract of guarantee has to be constructed if it is not to bring about a relationship among borrower, lender and guarantor that would be regarded by rabbinical authorities as usurious illustrates the method, complexity and contemporary relevance of orthodox analysis. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 1-11 Issue: 1 Volume: 8 Year: 1998 Keywords: Usury, Guarantee, Ethics, Business, Orthodoxy, Jews, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852098330558 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852098330558 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:8:y:1998:i:1:p:1-11 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Timothy McCoy Author-X-Name-First: Timothy Author-X-Name-Last: McCoy Author-Name: Dale Flesher Author-X-Name-First: Dale Author-X-Name-Last: Flesher Title: A case of an early 1900s principal-agent relationship in the Mississippi lumber industry Abstract: Correspondence for the L. N. Dantzler Lumber Company, dating from 1904, survives in the Lumber Archives of the University of Mississippi. The correspondence is from the personal files of R. Breland, who rose to the position of office manager of the Dantzler Mills. An analysis of the correspondence reveals a unique agency relationship between the Dantzler Lumber Company and Breland. Breland was hired by the Dantzlers as a land agent. At the time, he was also employed by the Finkbine Lumber Company, a competitor of Dantzler's. Breland's behaviour supports the traditional behavioural assumption in agency theory that individuals will maximize their own self-interests with guile. His access to information allowed him to profit at the expense of others. He used his connections in land-related transactions to achieve personal gain. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 13-31 Issue: 1 Volume: 8 Year: 1998 Keywords: Agency Theory, Timber, Agency Costs, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852098330567 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852098330567 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:8:y:1998:i:1:p:13-31 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marianne Pitts Author-X-Name-First: Marianne Author-X-Name-Last: Pitts Title: Victorian share-pricing - a problem in thin trading Abstract: This paper discusses the problems of nineteenth century share valuation and corporate governance. It is based on the summary of a 1900 appeal case, The Earl of Portsmouth v. Pease (1900), which was recorded in the Durham press and concerned the sale of shares within a local private family company in 1898. This contract was overturned in the Court of Chancery as being inequitable. The methods and assumptions employed to value the shares for the private family sale and a coincident public issue were described in detail; the effect of the case was dramatic and the issues raised are still relevant. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 33-52 Issue: 1 Volume: 8 Year: 1998 Keywords: Share Pricing, Coal, Valuation, Corporate Governance, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852098330576 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852098330576 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:8:y:1998:i:1:p:33-52 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Wilson Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson Title: Ferranti and the accountant, 1896-1975: The struggle between priorities and reality Abstract: As a firm which was owned and managed by three generations of the same family over the period 1896-1975, Ferranti was one of the most innovative and successful British electrical and electronics companies of its era. The family remained committed to a technology-led strategy which was implemented through a highly devolved form of organization, giving departmental managers considerable freedom to develop new ideas. This long-termism was also backed up by an extensive reporting system which evolved over the period after 1896, providing senior management with accurate information on both corporate and departmental performance. The article considers how the family matched the images conjured up by the accounting data with the commitment to engineering innovation, concluding that the latter frequently remained the most important priority in this highly unusual British firm. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 53-72 Issue: 1 Volume: 8 Year: 1998 Keywords: Ferranti, Electronics Industry, Internal Reporting Systems, Cost Accountancy, Forecasting, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852098330585 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852098330585 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:8:y:1998:i:1:p:53-72 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dianne Thomson Author-X-Name-First: Dianne Author-X-Name-Last: Thomson Author-Name: Malcolm Abbott Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm Author-X-Name-Last: Abbott Title: The life and death of the Australian permanent building societies Abstract: Throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries permanent building societies have been important providers of housing finance in Australia. Despite their long history Australian building societies have been disappearing at a steady rate since the early 1980s as they have converted into banks or become involved in mergers. The purpose of this paper is to give a background account of the history of Australian building societies and put forward explanations for their past popularity and more recent disappearance from Australian housing finance markets. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 73-103 Issue: 1 Volume: 8 Year: 1998 Keywords: Building Societies, Banks, Australia, Regulation, Conversion, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852098330594 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852098330594 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:8:y:1998:i:1:p:73-103 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Malcolm Anderson Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson Title: Accounting History Publications, 1995/6 Abstract: Below are listed 1995 and 1996 publications, in English, within the general area of accounting history. The definition of what constitutes an accounting history article is not always a straightforward matter, and we have interpreted the description fairly broadly to include any accounting article with a significant historical input. Business history articles are not included as these are examined in the annual survey article published by Business History. The most recent is: Pearson, Robin (1997) 'British Business History: A Review of Periodical Literature for 1995 ', Business History, 39(2): 1-20. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 105-124 Issue: 1 Volume: 8 Year: 1998 X-DOI: 10.1080/095852098330602 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852098330602 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:8:y:1998:i:1:p:105-124 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sue Bowden Author-X-Name-First: Sue Author-X-Name-Last: Bowden Author-Name: Josephine Maltby Author-X-Name-First: Josephine Author-X-Name-Last: Maltby Title: 'More a national asset than an investor's paradise': financial management and the British Motor Corporation, 1952-68 Abstract: This paper undertakes a comparative analysis of financial management in the British motor industry in the 1950s and 1960s. We question whether US ownership automatically implied greater financial control and immunity from capital market pressures and discuss whether the problems BMC/BMH (British Motor Corporation/British Motor Holdings) experienced were symptomatic of the absence of financial imperatives among British management at this time. Finally we widen the agenda to place our findings on financial management into a wider literature dealing more generally with the problems of managerial control and corporate governance within the motor vehicle industry in the 1950s and 1960s. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 137-164 Issue: 2 Volume: 8 Year: 1998 Keywords: Financial, Management, Efficient, Markets, Corporate, Governance, Short, Termism, Managerial, Priorities, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852098330486 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852098330486 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:8:y:1998:i:2:p:137-164 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roger Juchau Author-X-Name-First: Roger Author-X-Name-Last: Juchau Author-Name: Paul Hill Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Hill Title: Agricultural cost accounting development in Britain: the contributions of three men from Wye - a review note Abstract: This note summarizes the contributions of three agriculturalists (Hall, Orwin and Wyllie) to agricultural cost accounting development in Britain in the early twentieth century. Through an examination of their writings and advocacies, an account is provided of their pioneering work in applying cost accounting to farm activity in Britain. Some contrary positions on agricultural costing that also emerged during their period of advocacy are also outlined. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 165-174 Issue: 2 Volume: 8 Year: 1998 Keywords: Cost, Accounting, Agricultural, Accounting, Overheads, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852098330495 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852098330495 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:8:y:1998:i:2:p:165-174 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wayne Visser Author-X-Name-First: Wayne Author-X-Name-Last: Visser Author-Name: Alastair Macintosh Author-X-Name-First: Alastair Author-X-Name-Last: Macintosh Title: A short review of the historical critique of usury Abstract: Usury - lending at interest or excessive interest - has, according to known records, been practised in various parts of the world for at least four thousand years. During this time, there is substantial evidence of intense criticism by various traditions, institutions and social reformers on moral, ethical, religious and legal grounds. The rationale employed by these wide-ranging critics have included arguments about work ethic, social justice, economic instability, ecological destruction and inter-generational equity. While the contemporary relevance of these largely historical debates is not analysed in detail, the authors contend that their significance is greater than ever before in the context of the modern interest-based global economy. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 175-189 Issue: 2 Volume: 8 Year: 1998 Keywords: Usury;Interest;Debt;Discounting;Islamic; Banking, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852098330503 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852098330503 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:8:y:1998:i:2:p:175-189 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard Mattessich Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Mattessich Title: Review and extension of Bhattacharyya's Modern Accounting Concepts in Kautilya's Arthasastra Abstract: This is a discussion of the theoretical aspects of accounting as they emerged in India during the Maurya period (c.321 BC to c.184 BC) in Kautilya's Arthasastra (c.300 BC) - the very first known treatise to deal with accounting aspects in the history of our discipline. Pertinent evidence can be found in an article by Choudhury (1982) and in Bhattacharyya's (1988) book, Modern Accounting Concepts in Kautilya's Arthasastra. This book, hardly known in Western accounting circles, claims that Kautilya's ancient treatise anticipated a series of 'modern' accounting concepts. These claims are here examined on the basis of the two standard translations of the Arthasastra, the original one by Shamasastry ([1915] 1967) and an extended one by Kangle (1963). Apart from some background material, the focus of this paper is on three aspects: (1) Kautilya's various types of income (including aspects of accounting for price changes, the distinction between real and fictitious holding gains, etc.) and their possible relation to modern concepts; (2) his classification of expenditures or costs (including possibly fixed vs variable costs); and (3) his notions of capital. These aspects indicate a surprisingly long-standing need for and possible use of relatively sophisticated accounting concepts. Thus Choudhury and, particularly, Battacharyya must be praised for drawing the attention of Western accountants to different aspects of an important ancient treatise. Yet Bhattacharyya (1988) deserves to be critically investigated and interpreted, not only from a Western point of view but also from the perspective of modern price-level accounting. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 191-209 Issue: 2 Volume: 8 Year: 1998 Keywords: Accounting, History, India, Third Century, Maurya, Period, Kautilya, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852098330512 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852098330512 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:8:y:1998:i:2:p:191-209 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thomas Tyson Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Author-X-Name-Last: Tyson Title: Mercantilism, management accounting or managerialism? Cost accounting in early nineteenth-century US textile mills Abstract: In a recent critique of early US cost accounting practice, Hoskin and Macve (1996) conclude that Lawrence Manufacturing Company's 1848 cost accounting reports were purely mercantile and provided no managerial utility. Despite finding mathematically exact allocations and unit costs for different cloth grades and production locations, Hoskin and Macve argue that mill accounting was neither modern nor managerial, descriptors they limit to the exercise of disciplinary control over labour through standard costs and variances. They conclude that scholars have overstated the managerial utility of cost accounting during the first half of the nineteenth century. In rebuttal, this paper garners archival evidence to show that cost accounting was used by early nineteenth-century US textile owner/managers in a variety of decision-making, management control and problem-solving scenarios. Specific attention was directed to evidence in forms other than accounting ledgers and summary statements, i.e. letters, memoranda, cost reports, etc., which might reveal if and how accounting was used to address issues such as make-or-buy, product pricing, wage setting, site selection and asset expansion and acquisition. While the absence of standard costs and variances affirms Hoskin and Macve's narrow interpretation of managerialism, evidence presented refutes their wider, more substantive claim that cost accounting served only mercantile purposes at the US mills. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 211-229 Issue: 2 Volume: 8 Year: 1998 Keywords: Us, Cost, Accounting, History, Managerialism, Textile, History, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852098330521 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852098330521 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:8:y:1998:i:2:p:211-229 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chibuike Uche Author-X-Name-First: Chibuike Author-X-Name-Last: Uche Title: Accounting and control in Barclays Bank (DCO): the lending to Africans episode Abstract: This paper analyses the accounting, control and operational consequences of a pre-independence experiment by Barclays Bank (DCO) in the British Nigerian colony to liberalize its credit policy towards Africans. This was partly an attempt to develop African business, an area previously neglected by foreign banks. The new policy also appeased Africans who believed that the colonial banks discriminated against them. This experiment resulted in 'alarming' bad debts and led to a reappraisal of the bank's accounting, control and operational procedures. The paper highlights the limitations of internal controls in an era of change. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 239-260 Issue: 3 Volume: 8 Year: 1998 Keywords: Accounting, Control, Africans, Credit, Barclays Bank Dco, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852098330404 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852098330404 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:8:y:1998:i:3:p:239-260 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Trevor Boyns Author-X-Name-First: Trevor Author-X-Name-Last: Boyns Title: Budgets and budgetary control in British businesses to c.1945 Abstract: Many generalizations have been made regarding the introduction within British businesses of the costing/accounting techniques associated with the scientific management movement during the early decades of the twentieth century, but little detail is known of the process and extent of their adoption. This paper presents the findings from a survey of primary and (mainly) secondary sources regarding the use of budgets and budgetary control in Britain and raises questions as to the validity of the hypothesis that British firms failed to adopt them as rapidly as they should have done. The paper calls for detailed research into business archives in order that we can more fully understand not only the extent of their use, but also the nature of the dissemination process by which budgetary control came to be implemented in British businesses. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 261-301 Issue: 3 Volume: 8 Year: 1998 Keywords: Budgets, Budgetary Control, Britain, Inter-war Period, Dissemination, Archival Research, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852098330413 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852098330413 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:8:y:1998:i:3:p:261-301 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nicolas Berland Author-X-Name-First: Nicolas Author-X-Name-Last: Berland Title: The availability of information and the accumulation of experience as motors for the diffusion of budgetary control: the French experience from the 1920s to the 1960s Abstract: Budgetary control has developed in France since the 1930s. If the initial importation from the United States was rapid, subsequent development was slow. Diffusion of the technique occurred through a number of mechanisms: professional reviews, books, consultants, think tanks, and through experiences originating in the public sector. The particular experiences of other organizations often served as reference points. In comparison with other European countries, the awareness of budgetary control in France was high, but the method was practised in only a few enterprises. The common link for these firms was their interconnection via an information network which ensured the promotion of this new management technique. The supply of information seems to have been a more important factor in the development process than the search for a rational solution to business problems. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 303-329 Issue: 3 Volume: 8 Year: 1998 Keywords: Budgetary Control, Innovation, Information Supply, Consultants, Public Management, Comparative Analysis, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852098330422 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852098330422 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:8:y:1998:i:3:p:303-329 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. A. Edwards Author-X-Name-First: R. A. Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards Title: Is management accounting just what management accountants do? Implicit cost analysis on Britain's railways c.1923-1939 Abstract: This paper explores how railway companies performed the management accounting function during the first part of the twentieth century. It will be argued that only by understanding the relationship between management techniques and the business process can any judgement as to the quality of management decisions be reached. Through the medium of educational material, the development of train control and railway statistics is explored. It is argued that implicit marginal costing was obtained from non-financial information outside the realm of accounting. This was due to the specific conditions and complexity of operations faced by railway managers. This is then contrasted with the limited, and ultimately unsuccessful, attempts by accountants at the Railway Clearing House to cost services. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 331-349 Issue: 3 Volume: 8 Year: 1998 Keywords: Management Accounting, Cost Analysis, British Railways, Inter-war Period, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852098330431 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852098330431 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:8:y:1998:i:3:p:331-349 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Spoerer Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Spoerer Title: Window-dressing in German inter-war balance sheets Abstract: German accounting rules value assets and liabilities asymmetrically and thus lead to grossly distorted balance sheets. In the inter-war debate on a reform of disclosure regulation, financial experts considered the (undisclosed) tax balance sheet, which had to be drawn up separately for the corporate tax assessment, as a paradigm for adequate financial disclosure. However, due to tax secrecy they were barred from analysing tax documents. Using archival evidence, we analyse tax balance sheets as a means of assessing the reliability of disclosed balance sheets of the inter-war period. It emerges that companies overstated their profits in the mid- and late-1920s, but grossly understated them in the Nazi economy. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 351-369 Issue: 3 Volume: 8 Year: 1998 Keywords: Germany, Inter-war Period, Accounting History, Window-dressing, Tax Balance Sheet, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852098330440 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852098330440 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:8:y:1998:i:3:p:351-369 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Malcolm Anderson Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson Title: Accounting History Publications 1997 Abstract: Below are listed 1997 publications, in English, within the general area of accounting history. The definition of what constitutes an accounting history article is not always a straightforward matter, and we have interpreted the description fairly broadly to include any accounting article with a significant historical input. Business history articles are not included as these are examined in the annual survey article published by Business History. The most recent is: Boyns, Trevor (1998) 'British Business History: A Review of Periodical Literature for 1996', Business History, 40(2): 95-114. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 371-382 Issue: 3 Volume: 8 Year: 1998 X-DOI: 10.1080/095852098330459 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852098330459 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:8:y:1998:i:3:p:371-382 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stephen Walker Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Walker Title: Introduction Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 1-6 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 1999 X-DOI: 10.1080/095852099330331 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852099330331 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:9:y:1999:i:1:p:1-6 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Keith Mcmillan Author-X-Name-First: Keith Author-X-Name-Last: Mcmillan Title: The Institute of Accounts: a community of the competent Abstract: The professionalization of the US accounting profession during the fifteen years prior to the first CPA law in 1896 is explored through a description of the most significant professional organization of the period, the Institute of Accounts (IA). The IA followed the dominant US professionalizing model for scientific occupations. The organizational ideal of the community of the competent, first used by physical scientists and then by social scientists and engineers, was used by the IA as a means of identifying, cultivating and conferring professional competencies. The professional environment leading up to the passage of the first CPA law was dominated by this ideal of developing, within a self-regulated community, the science of accounts through essays, papers and debates among the most competent of the profession. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 7-28 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 1999 Keywords: Professionalization, Accounting History, Nineteenth Century, United States, Institute Of Accounts, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852099330340 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852099330340 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:9:y:1999:i:1:p:7-28 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Josephine Maltby Author-X-Name-First: Josephine Author-X-Name-Last: Maltby Title: 'A sort of guide, philosopher and friend': the rise of the professional auditor in Britain Abstract: This paper considers the legal and financial context in which professional audit emerged in Britain during the nineteenth century. It concludes that an important contributing factor to the rise of the audit profession was its provision of advice on prudent accounting, which represented a distinctive competence. The capture of a jurisdiction over business advisory services from the legal profession involved, however, a relationship of complicity with management and large insider investors the interests of social capital- to the exclusion of small investors, who were stigmatized as 'speculators'. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 29-50 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 1999 Keywords: Auditing, Accounting Profession, Britain, Accounting Conventions, Prudence, Conservatism, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852099330359 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852099330359 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:9:y:1999:i:1:p:29-50 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard Fleischman Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Fleischman Author-Name: Thomas Tyson Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Author-X-Name-Last: Tyson Title: Opportunity lost? Chances for cost accountants' professionalization under the National Industrial Recovery Act of 1933 Abstract: The passage in June 1933 of the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) heralded an opportunity for the cost-accounting branch of the profession in the US to play a prominent role in the endeavour to revitalize the national economy. This early New Deal legislation sought to end unfair and destructive competition by authorizing industry-based codes which typically contained uniform methods of cost accounting and cost-based floors for pricing. For the first time on a broad scale, unregulated companies were required to maintain and utilize cost accounts. Many thought that a golden age of cost accountancy had arrived. However, the demise of the NIRA by 1935 left these expectations totally unfulfilled. Any opportunity for cost accountants to achieve a professional status commensurate with that of their financial accounting brethren had quickly dissipated. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 51-75 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 1999 Keywords: Cost Accounting, Professionalization, National Industrial Recovery Act, New Deal, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852099330368 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852099330368 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:9:y:1999:i:1:p:51-75 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Garry Carnegie Author-X-Name-First: Garry Author-X-Name-Last: Carnegie Author-Name: Robert Parker Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Parker Title: Accountants and Empire: the case of co-membership of Australian and British accountancy bodies, 1885 to 1914 Abstract: This study examines one aspect of the influence of the British Empire connection on the establishment of an accountancy profession in Australia in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It does so by analysing data collected on the comembership of the numerous Australian and British accountancy bodies formed before 1914. It casts doubt on the conclusions of Johnson and Caygill (1971) regarding the predominance of accountants with British qualifications in the creation and growth of the Australian bodies and also elucidates the connection between the professionalization strategies of particular bodies and the membership choices of accountants in the context of imperialism. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 77-102 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 1999 Keywords: Accounting, Professionalization, Australia, Co-membership, Emigration, British Empire, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852099330377 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852099330377 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:9:y:1999:i:1:p:77-102 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marcia Annisette Author-X-Name-First: Marcia Author-X-Name-Last: Annisette Title: Importing accounting: the case of Trinidad and Tobago Abstract: In the period immediately following its achieving independence, Trinidad and Tobago switched from a pattern of importing British professional accountants to one of importing British professional qualifications. It was also in this period that the first professional accounting association appeared: that is, eighty years after such bodies emerged in Britain and her settler colonies. This paper seeks to explain why the achievement of political independence in Trinidad and Tobago (and perhaps in some other British non-settler colonies) signified a critical turning point in the development of a local accounting profession. The paper also explores how the history of importing accounting impacted on the contemporary organization of the profession in Trinidad and Tobago. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 103-133 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 1999 Keywords: Professionalization, Accounting, Developing Countries, Colonialism, Trinidad And Tobago, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852099330386 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852099330386 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:9:y:1999:i:1:p:103-133 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ken Shackleton Author-X-Name-First: Ken Author-X-Name-Last: Shackleton Title: Gender segregation in Scottish chartered accountancy: the deployment of male concerns about the admission of women, 1900-25 Abstract: During the first two decades of the twentieth century the chartered accountants (CAs) of Scotland were confronted by challenges to the exclusively male composition of their profession. The paper traces in depth the male-dominated discourses on the subject of the admission of women. It is shown that socio-economic, constitutional and legal arguments were deployed to resist the admission of women. The apparent public consensus among the Scottish chartered societies on this issue hid the divergent opinions which were uttered in private. Proposals for the organization of the profession in a gender-segregated manner were eventually subsumed by the passing of the Sex Discrimination (Removal) Act, 1919. This statute precluded disqualification from membership on the grounds of sex. While the Act formally removed one set of barriers to the admission of women, more enduring social and cultural obstacles remained within chartered accountant firms and most practising offices remained unaffected by the reforming legislation. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 135-156 Issue: 1 Volume: 9 Year: 1999 Keywords: Accountancy, Gender, Segregation, Patriarchy, Scotland, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852099330395 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852099330395 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:9:y:1999:i:1:p:135-156 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: W. T. Baxter Author-X-Name-First: W. T. Author-X-Name-Last: Baxter Title: McKesson & Robbins: a milestone in auditing Abstract: When accepting the audit of a US company in 1924, Price Waterhouse agreed not to make a physical examination of inventories or to circularize debtors. Later, both of these assets proved to be overstated. Dramatic circumstances of the case gave it much publicity, and ensured that auditors now make some check of inventories and debtors. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 157-174 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 1999 Keywords: Audit History, Asset Verification, Us Wholesale Drug Trade, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852099330287 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852099330287 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:9:y:1999:i:2:p:157-174 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Oldroyd Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Oldroyd Title: Through a glass clearly: management practice on the Bowes family estates c.1700-70 as revealed by the accounts Abstract: Through the accounts, the article examines the management practices employed on the Bowes estates in order to ascertain whether they were managed as profit centres to be exploited, and whether accounting aided managerial activity at this early stage of industrial development. The majority of the estate accounts were designed to keep track of rights and obligations. The survival of cost analysis, profit statements and planning data indicates that the estates were not treated simply as units of consumption and that the accounts played an important facilitating role. There are indications that a knowledge-power mechanism also existed within the estates, casting doubt both on the mutual exclusivity of Economic-rationalist and Foucauldian explanations of accounting activities and on the notion that a relevant distinction exists between modern and pre-modern business organization. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 175-201 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 1999 Keywords: Eighteenth Century, Accounts, Mineral Industries, Stewards, Managerialism, Bowes Estates, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852099330296 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852099330296 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:9:y:1999:i:2:p:175-201 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sam Mckinstry Author-X-Name-First: Sam Author-X-Name-Last: Mckinstry Title: Engineering culture and accounting development at Albion Motors, 1900-c.1970 Abstract: This paper examines the relationship between the engineering-oriented culture at Albion Motors, Scotland's most successful vehicle manufacturers, and the development and use of accounting systems there. Utilizing primary sources and information obtained from interviews, the study concludes that Albion's comparatively rudimentary management accounting systems, in particular, were a direct result of the firm's technological values. The study also concludes that there is no evidence that any major disadvantage accrued directly from this. It ends with a discussion of the relevance of the findings for issues in the accounting and business history literature and for future research. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 203-223 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 1999 Keywords: Management Accounting, Accounting Development, Organizational Culture, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852099330304 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852099330304 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:9:y:1999:i:2:p:203-223 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yannick Lemarchand Author-X-Name-First: Yannick Author-X-Name-Last: Lemarchand Title: Introducing double-entry bookkeeping in public finance: a French experiment at the beginning of the eighteenth century Abstract: Before the Revolution, tax-collecting was a very profitable private business. Using fiscal receipts, tax-collectors lent money to the Crown, instead of giving it without delay, so the State paid interest on public funds. To accelerate the receipts of the Royal Treasury and to diminish the interest paid by the King, in 1716 the French government introduced a reform based on a key technical innovation: double-entry bookkeeping was used to control tax-collectors' activities. The experiment was gradually extended to the various branches of the royal finances, but the scope provided by the new system for more effective supervision rapidly met with the hostility of the financiers. These attempts to rationalize public finance were interrupted in 1726 and the four Paris brothers who were the promoters of the reforms were distanced from royal finances. After relating these events, this paper tries to measure their significance. The interest of this accounting change goes further than the technical aspects, because it was linked with a fundamental organizational change. The Paris brothers attempted to replace a set of decentralized contractual relations with a centralized bureaucratic administration, conceiving of accounting as a sophisticated instrument of supervision, able to modify the behaviour of the financiers. This experiment can be seen as an eighteenth-century example of what Foucault referred to as the emergence of disciplinary technologies. It was the product of the ambition for scientific government, such as was to be found throughout Europe during the Enlightenment, and the Paris brothers' manuscripts may be ranked among the first manifestations of a literature which was soon termed the 'science of administration'. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 225-254 Issue: 2 Volume: 9 Year: 1999 Keywords: French Accounting History, Double-entry, Public Finance, Discipline, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852099330313 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852099330313 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:9:y:1999:i:2:p:225-254 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anne Thick Author-X-Name-First: Anne Author-X-Name-Last: Thick Title: Accounting in the late medieval town: the account books of the stewards of Southampton in the fifteenth century Abstract: The fifteenth-century account books of the Southampton town officer known as the steward are the main source used here for a study of accounting in the late medieval town. The article considers internal and external influences on Southampton's early change to paper account books, improved presentation of accounting information and use of English in the stewards' books. It explores the links between writing materials, format and language in the preparation of town accounts at Southampton and other towns. The article concludes by suggesting that the classified account introduced in the steward's book of 1441-2 is evidence of a wider function for charge/discharge accounting than is normally attributed to it. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 265-290 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 1999 Keywords: Medieval Southampton, Medieval Borough Accounting, Chargedischarge Accounting, Anglo-italian Trade, Italian Accounting, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852099330214 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852099330214 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:9:y:1999:i:3:p:265-290 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michele Lacombe-Saboly Author-X-Name-First: Michele Author-X-Name-Last: Lacombe-Saboly Title: The accounting practices of a sixteenth-century pastel merchant from the French region of Toulouse Abstract: Until the end of the sixteenth century the French region of Toulouse was an important centre for the export of pastel, the plant used at that time to produce blue dye. What does the ledger belonging to the factor of a Toulouse pastel producer (pastelier) teach us about the role played by accounting in the relationship between the factor and the commissioning merchant? Under what accounting methods did the agent carry out his business mission? Was the accounting technique used double entry or that which we could call the factors' accounting system? Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 291-306 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 1999 Keywords: Agent, Double Entry Bookkeeping, Factor Accounting, Pastel Merchant, Sixteenth Century, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852099330223 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852099330223 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:9:y:1999:i:3:p:291-306 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Reza Mohammed Monem Author-X-Name-First: Reza Mohammed Author-X-Name-Last: Monem Title: Economic prosperity of the gold-mining industry in Australia and the consequent gold tax Abstract: Income from gold mining in Australia was declared tax-exempt in 1924. This tax-exempt status was removed and tax on income from gold mining was imposed in 1988 with effect from 1 January 1991. This paper documents the political process that led to the imposition of this tax. It provides evidence that rapid prosperity of the Australian gold-mining industry in the 1980s led to increased political sensitivity and removal of the industry's tax-exempt status of nearly seven decades. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 307-323 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 1999 Keywords: Gold Tax, Australia, Gold Mining Industry, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852099330232 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852099330232 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:9:y:1999:i:3:p:307-323 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Christine Gunter Author-X-Name-First: Christine Author-X-Name-Last: Gunter Author-Name: John Maloney Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Maloney Title: Did Gladstone make a difference? Rhetoric and reality in mid-Victorian finance Abstract: 'Gladstonian finance' is generally taken to mean balancing the budget, limiting the level of public expenditure, and making progress in paying off the national debt. Gladstone also distinguished himself from contemporary Conservatives (and most classical economists) by having no especial dislike for direct taxes. After putting Gladstone's public utterances in the context of his rivals, classical political economy, and contemporary views of the role of the state, we use cointegration analysis to see if Gladstone, as Chancellor or Prime Minister, made a statistically detectable difference to trends in public spending, taxation, the balance of the budget or the size of the national debt. He did not. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 325-347 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 1999 Keywords: Gladstone, Taxation, Fiscal, Chancellor, Liberal, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852099330241 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852099330241 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:9:y:1999:i:3:p:325-347 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Apostolos Ballas Author-X-Name-First: Apostolos Author-X-Name-Last: Ballas Title: Privatizing the statutory auditing services in Greece Abstract: This paper examines the historical process of privatizing the Greek auditing profession in the context of contemporaneous political and economic developments that date from the inception of the profession in 1955. The paper focuses on the successive attempts to implement the EEC's Eighth Company Law Directive that led to the abolition of the Body of Sworn-in Accountants - the state-sponsored institute and at the same time a practising firm. Furthermore, the changing expectations about the auditor's role as reflected in the privatization discussions over time are explored. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 349-373 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 1999 Keywords: Statutory Auditing, Privatization, Auditing History, Greece, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852099330250 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852099330250 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:9:y:1999:i:3:p:349-373 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Malcolm Anderson Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson Title: Accounting History Publications 1998 Abstract: Below are listed 1998 publications, in English, within the general area of accounting history. The definition of what constitutes an accounting history article is not always a straightforward matter, and we have interpreted the description fairly broadly to include any accounting article with a significant historical input. Business history articles are not included as they are examined in the annual survey article published by Business History. The most recent is: French, Michael (1999) 'British Business History: A Review of Periodical Literature for 1997', Business History, 41(2): 1-16. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 375-384 Issue: 3 Volume: 9 Year: 1999 X-DOI: 10.1080/095852099330269 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852099330269 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:9:y:1999:i:3:p:375-384 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Basil Yamey Author-X-Name-First: Basil Author-X-Name-Last: Yamey Title: The 'particular gain or loss upon each article we deal in': an aspect of mercantile accounting, 1300-1800 Abstract: Merchandise accounts for each category of goods, voyage or venture are a prominent feature of many ledgers of the period 1300 to 1800. The characteristics of these accounts and the uses to which such accounts were put are considered. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 1-12 Issue: 1 Volume: 10 Year: 2000 Keywords: History Of Accounting, Merchandise Accounts, Single- And Double-entry Bookkeeping, Business Decisions, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852000330168 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852000330168 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:10:y:2000:i:1:p:1-12 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Christopher Noke Author-X-Name-First: Christopher Author-X-Name-Last: Noke Title: No value in par: a history of the no par value debate in the United Kingdom Abstract: Proposals for shares of no par value have been considered several times this century, and there have been recommendations by government committees and unfulfilled government commitments to introduce them. This paper traces the history of the debate in the United Kingdom, from attempts by guarantee companies last century to issue shares without any value attached, up to a 1973 White Paper. It shows that failure to introduce no par value shares can be explained variously by ignorance, misunderstanding and political cowardice and highlights the way in which the issue became a significant factor in industrial relations during the 1950s. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 13-36 Issue: 1 Volume: 10 Year: 2000 Keywords: No Par Value Shares, Greene Committee, Cohen Committee, Gedge Committee, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852000330177 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852000330177 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:10:y:2000:i:1:p:13-36 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jose Ramon Author-X-Name-First: Jose Author-X-Name-Last: Ramon Author-Name: Garcia Lopez Author-X-Name-First: Garcia Author-X-Name-Last: Lopez Title: Banking merchants and banking houses: the hidden key to the workings of the Spanish banking system in the nineteenth century Abstract: The historical study of the Spanish nineteenth-century banking system has been almost exclusively carried out through a consideration of the experiences of the joint-stock banks. But the very scarce number of these, and their territorial distribution, makes it necessary for us to look for other financial intermediaries who were able to satisfy the demand for banking services in that time and place. We demonstrate that this role was fulfilled by the banking merchants and banking houses operating through individual firms and partnerships. The object of this work is to make their activities better known and vindicate their importance. The sources used for the study are mainly the accounting documents of several banking houses. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 37-56 Issue: 1 Volume: 10 Year: 2000 Keywords: Spanish Banking, Banking Merchants, Banking Houses, Nineteenth-century Spain, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852000330186 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852000330186 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:10:y:2000:i:1:p:37-56 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Derek Matthews Author-X-Name-First: Derek Author-X-Name-Last: Matthews Title: Oral history, accounting history and an interview with Sir John Grenside Abstract: This article arises out of a programme of oral history funded by the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales (ICAEW). It discusses the issues involved in setting up and carrying through the programme and the advantages and disadvantages of the technique particularly with regard to accounting history. It uses as an example an interview with one of the leaders of the accountancy profession in the period since the Second World War - Sir John Grenside. Grenside discusses his training and the changes he saw and helped bring about as senior partner in his firm, Peat Marwick Mitchell. Grenside was also one of the leading lights in the ICAEW in the 1970s and early 1980s and was the architect of the Joint Disciplinary Scheme on which he gives his views as well as on the recent troubles of the profession. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 57-83 Issue: 1 Volume: 10 Year: 2000 Keywords: Accounting History, Auditing, Oral History, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852000330195 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852000330195 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:10:y:2000:i:1:p:57-83 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thomas Tyson Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Author-X-Name-Last: Tyson Author-Name: Richard Fleischman Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Fleischman Title: Introduction Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 91-95 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2000 X-DOI: 10.1080/095852000410998 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852000410998 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:10:y:2000:i:2:p:91-95 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Glenn Vent Author-X-Name-First: Glenn Author-X-Name-Last: Vent Author-Name: Ronald Milne Author-X-Name-First: Ronald Author-X-Name-Last: Milne Title: Accounting practices of the St. Joseph Lead Company: 1864-1900 Abstract: This paper presents the results of an inquiry into the accounting practices of the St. Joseph Lead Company during the nineteenth century. For several decades following its incorporation in 1864 the St. Joseph Lead Company maintained a very crude double-entry bookkeeping system that lacked detailed cost accounting records. In fact, there is little evidence of any type of industrial accounting prior to 1890 when a direct cost responsibility accounting system was established. Thus, the industrial accounting procedures of the St. Joseph Lead Company appear to have lagged far behind the practices of the contemporary British and American mining firms which have been the objects of recent studies. The investigation thereby reveals considerable diversity in the industrial accounting practices of the American mining industry during the second half of the nineteenth century. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 97-128 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2000 Keywords: Accounting History Cost Accounting Mining, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852000411005 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852000411005 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:10:y:2000:i:2:p:97-128 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roxanne Johnson Author-X-Name-First: Roxanne Author-X-Name-Last: Johnson Title: In search of E. I. DuPont de Nemours & Company: the perils of archival research Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to describe the pitfalls of archival research into the bookkeeping records of a specific firm, E. I. DuPont de Nemours & Co., and how it may lead to misinterpretation and misdirection. Traditionally, the bookkeeping records of an individual or organization have provided a great deal of information to researchers who use the records for many different research projects. Such research is costly, however. The researcher is concerned with the analytical techniques of the historian, or even the detective; the time-consuming, methodical routine of familiarization with the records; and the analysis and interpretation of the significance of the techniques and trends evident in the data base. The sources for this traditional archival research project were many, varied, and often contradictory. For the record books of the DuPont Company, an early 19th century gunpowder manufactory, the process of understanding, interpreting, and validating the record keeping led to a number of misleading, confusing, and time-consuming issues which had to be resolved. These issues may have implications for other accounting historians since the need to search for the 'story' behind a particular research project will in all likelihood be encountered in the course of other research. Researchers must understand that they are able to rely on secondary sources, when they exist, only as long as they remain circumspect when depending on the secondary interpretation of primary sources, and that even the primary sources themselves may lead the researcher astray. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 129-168 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2000 Keywords: Accounting History Archival Research Dupont, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852000411014 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852000411014 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:10:y:2000:i:2:p:129-168 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Charles Wootton Author-X-Name-First: Charles Author-X-Name-Last: Wootton Author-Name: Barbara Kemmerer Author-X-Name-First: Barbara Author-X-Name-Last: Kemmerer Title: The changing genderization of the accounting workforce in the US, 1930-90 Abstract: The accounting profession in 1930 was predominantly a male workforce. By 1990, the gender composition of accounting had changed dramatically. Women, who in 1930 had represented only 10 per cent of the accounting workforce, now represented over 50 per cent of the workforce and earned 53 per cent of the accounting degrees. Increases in the aggregate workforce were not accompanied by subsequent proportional increases in participation at the upper-management levels of accounting firms. Thus, what occurred was a stratified regenderization of the aggregate workforce rather than an overall regenderization of the accounting profession. This paper delineates the historical, cultural, legal, economic and educational forces that led to this changing genderization. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 169-190 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2000 Keywords: Accounting History Genderization Us Women In Accounting, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852000411023 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852000411023 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:10:y:2000:i:2:p:169-190 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard Fleischman Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Fleischman Author-Name: Thomas Tyson Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Author-X-Name-Last: Tyson Title: Parallels between US and UK cost accountancy in the World War I era Abstract: Both the US and UK governments attempted desperate measures during World War I in an effort to maintain wartime production levels of necessary commodities and to allow for their economical purchase by the military. Loft (1986a, 1986b, 1990) has studied the British experience in depth, concluding that UK cost accountancy 'came into the light' as a result. It might be expected that similar developments would have occurred in America with the activities of the War Industries Board. In both countries, national associations were established in the immediate aftermath of the war to promote the professional standing of cost accountants. This paper utilizes archival materials in an effort to investigate whether US cost accountancy was developing more sophisticated costing techniques as Loft has claimed for the UK, or whether practitioners in this country were left 'still cursing the darkness'. Our findings suggest that cost accountancy developed in parallel fashion in both countries. US and UK cost accounting professionalism was dominated by the presence of leading financial accounting practitioners, and in both countries the movement towards more sophisticated costing techniques was gradual rather than dramatic. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 191-212 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2000 Keywords: Cost Accounting Price Fixing Committee War Industries Board World War I, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852000411032 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852000411032 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:10:y:2000:i:2:p:191-212 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jan Richard Heier Author-X-Name-First: Jan Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Heier Title: The foundations of modern cost management: the life and work of Albert Fink Abstract: After the Civil War, American railroads struggled with profitability problems because they lacked an understanding of the nature of short-range profits as they related to long-term investments, especially an investment that had to be upgraded and expanded almost continually. In the early 1870s, Albert Fink, superintendent of the Louisville and Nashville Railroad, experimented with a cost-analysis system. In general the purpose of the system devised by Fink was to measure the profitability and efficiency of the railroad';s operations in terms of then-revolutionary concepts of fixed and variable costs and costs allocated to multiple accounting periods. Fink's operating statistics, such as revenue and expenses per ton-mile and passenger-mile, became standards in the industry and earned Fink the designation of 'Father of Railroad Economics'. Fink used his cost management techniques to argue against the regulation of the entire rail industry by impending legislation that would create the Interstate Commerce Commission which would subsequently embrace his costing methodology. His statistical analysis also helped to create the basic managerial concept of 'control through statistics', wherein business decisions are made based on sound information. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 213-243 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2000 Keywords: Accounting History Albert Fink Us Railroads, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852000411041 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852000411041 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:10:y:2000:i:2:p:213-243 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Susan Morecroft Author-X-Name-First: Susan Author-X-Name-Last: Morecroft Author-Name: Edward Coffman Author-X-Name-First: Edward Author-X-Name-Last: Coffman Author-Name: Daniel Jensen Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Author-X-Name-Last: Jensen Title: T. Coleman Andrews: crusader for accountability in government Abstract: T. Coleman Andrews was an exceptional accountant whose career during the second quarter of this century spanned professional accounting practice, public service, military service and business management. This paper documents his contributions to accounting and administrative reform through the public-service positions he held in government at local, state and national levels. Earlier work by Flesher and Flesher (1989) focused on his contributions to operational auditing during his years at the General Accounting Office, and these contributions are reviewed here. In addition, this paper describes his later work with the Hoover Commission and as commissioner of the Internal Revenue Service. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 245-258 Issue: 2 Volume: 10 Year: 2000 Keywords: Accounting History T. Coleman Andrews Governmental Accounting Internal Revenue Service, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852000411050 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852000411050 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:10:y:2000:i:2:p:245-258 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. C. Storrar Author-X-Name-First: A. C. Author-X-Name-Last: Storrar Author-Name: K. C. Pratt Author-X-Name-First: K. C. Author-X-Name-Last: Pratt Title: Accountability vs privacy, 1844-1907: the coming of the private company Abstract: Recent periods have seen demands for increased corporate disclosures and new technologies by which those disclosures may be widely disseminated. These trends have coincided with a period of intense competition. Embarking on a major review of UK company law, the Department of Trade and Industry seeks to balance transparency with commercial freedom. This paper considers the causes of secrecy, and the circumstances in which it came into conflict with accountability in registered companies in the UK during the second half of the nineteenth century. It examines the approaches adopted in attempts to resolve that conflict, leading to a distinction between companies inviting public subscription, in which a substantial measure of accountability was expected, and private companies, in which proprietors were permitted a large measure of privacy. Although the creation of the private company at first appeared to provide a satisfactory solution to the problem, new difficulties soon emerged in attempting to restrict the privileges attaching to it to those situations for which it had been intended. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 259-291 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2000 Keywords: Accountability Secrecy Private Company, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852000750019397 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852000750019397 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:10:y:2000:i:3:p:259-291 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sean McCartney Author-X-Name-First: Sean Author-X-Name-Last: McCartney Author-Name: A.J. Tony Arnold Author-X-Name-First: A.J. Tony Author-X-Name-Last: Arnold Title: George Hudson's financial reporting practices: putting the Eastern Counties Railway in context Abstract: George Hudson was the most important railway promoter of his time. He had a particular aptitude for visualizing and arranging spectacular company and line amalgamations and his activities helped to bring about the beginnings of a more modern railway network. In 1849 he exercised effective control over nearly 30 per cent of the rail track then operating in the UK, most of it owned by four railway groups, the Eastern Counties Railway, the Midland, the York, Newcastle and Berwick, and the York and North Midland, before a series of scandalous revelations forced him out of office. The economic, railway and accounting literatures have treated George Hudson as an important figure in railway history, although concentrating largely on the financial reporting malpractices of the Eastern Counties Railway, while Hudson was its chairman, which were incorporated into the influential Monteagle Committee Report of 1849. Relatively little attention has been paid, however, to events at Hudson's other major companies. This paper analyzes the available evidence, particularly that produced by the Committees of Investigation established at all four railway groups, in order to provide a more balanced assessment of George Hudson's approach to financial reporting and thereby place events at the Eastern Counties Railway in a broader context. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 293-316 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2000 Keywords: Financial Reporting Railway Accounting George Hudson, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852000750019405 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852000750019405 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:10:y:2000:i:3:p:293-316 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. V. Pitts Author-X-Name-First: M. V. Author-X-Name-Last: Pitts Title: The rise and rise of the share premium account Abstract: Share premiums now constitute a substantial proportion of UK company equity but rarely featured on nineteenth century company balance sheets. This paper discusses when and why this changed and why the definition of the share premium account as company capital took nearly a century to reach the statute books. From 1855 to 1948 any surplus above par on issued shares could be treated at the directors' discretion, including appropriation for the payment of dividends. This freedom was removed in the Companies Act 1948 (s. 56), after the Cohen Committee recommended that share premiums should normally be treated as share capital and employed in a very limited range of transactions. The paper outlines the accounting and legal history of the share premium account and argues that the growth of share premiums was due to a tax avoidance loophole, open from 1889 to 1973, which permanently changed company practice on share issues after 1920. The effect of legal restrictions on the use of the share premium account is also addressed. One possible future consequence of the loss of economic significance of the nominal value of a share is the total abolition of both this and the share premium account by adoption of no par value (npv) shares, a change which has recently been adopted in Australia and is again under consideration in the UK. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 317-346 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2000 Keywords: Share Premium Capital Tax Avoidance Capital Duty Stamp Duty Npv Share, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852000750019414 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852000750019414 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:10:y:2000:i:3:p:317-346 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrew Popp Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Popp Title: Specialty production, personal capitalism and auditors' reports: Mintons Ltd., c.1870-1900 Abstract: This paper considers the role of auditors and auditors' reports in the context of British personal capitalism in the late nineteenth century. Focusing on a case study derived from the records of high-class pottery manufacturer Mintons Ltd, it is demonstrated how auditors attempted to extend the role of the audit, and how that attempt was received in a family firm exhibiting a strong company culture. The paper provides insights into costing issues in the context of specialty production, the role and competencies of professional external auditors, and the priorities of personal capitalism, examining important debates in British business history from a novel angle. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 347-369 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2000 Keywords: Personal Capitalism Specialty Production Costing Auditors' Reports Company Culture, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852000750019423 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852000750019423 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:10:y:2000:i:3:p:347-369 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Garry Carnegie Author-X-Name-First: Garry Author-X-Name-Last: Carnegie Author-Name: Robert Parker Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Parker Author-Name: Roy Wigg Author-X-Name-First: Roy Author-X-Name-Last: Wigg Title: The life and career of John Spence Ogilvy (1805-71), the first chartered accountant to emigrate to Australia Abstract: So far as the available evidence allows, this paper examines the life and career of John Spence Ogilvy, foundation member of the Society of Accountants in Edinburgh in 1854, who emigrated to Melbourne in 1856, but did not play a part in the development of an organized accounting profession in Australia. The paper also attempts to explain the gap of thirty-two years between the formation of the first accounting bodies in Edinburgh and Melbourne. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 371-383 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2000 Keywords: Society Of Accountants In Edinburgh Chartered Accountant Accounting Profession In Australia, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852000750019432 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852000750019432 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:10:y:2000:i:3:p:371-383 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Malcolm Anderson Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson Title: Accounting History Publications 1999 Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 385-393 Issue: 3 Volume: 10 Year: 2000 X-DOI: 10.1080/095852000750019441 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852000750019441 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:10:y:2000:i:3:p:385-393 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Trevor Boyns Author-X-Name-First: Trevor Author-X-Name-Last: Boyns Author-Name: Marc Nikitin Author-X-Name-First: Marc Author-X-Name-Last: Nikitin Title: Introduction Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 1-6 Issue: 1 Volume: 11 Year: 2001 X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200010014997 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200010014997 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:11:y:2001:i:1:p:1-6 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Claude Bocqueraz Author-X-Name-First: Claude Author-X-Name-Last: Bocqueraz Title: The development of professional associations: the experience of French accountants from the 1880s to the 1940s Abstract: This study examines the early development of professional accounting bodies in France from the late nineteenth century, focusing particularly on the Societe Academique de Comptabilite and the Compagnie des Experts-Comptables de Paris. The study reveals differences between the French experience and that of other countries, especially the United Kingdom, but nevertheless presents evidence to show that there is a much longer tradition of having an accounting profession in France than is suggested by the date of formation of the two professional bodies (the Ordre des Experts-Comptables and the Compagnie Nationale des Commissaires aux Comptes) which represent the profession today. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 7-27 Issue: 1 Volume: 11 Year: 2001 Keywords: Accounting France Profession Organization Professional Associations, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200010015004 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200010015004 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:11:y:2001:i:1:p:7-27 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michel Capron Author-X-Name-First: Michel Author-X-Name-Last: Capron Title: Accounting and management in the social dialogue: the experience of fifty years of works councils in France Abstract: This paper analyses the conditions of the birth of works councils in France in 1945 and how the practice of their economic competence has evolved. It studies the ways in which the relationships have developed between the principal parties: trade unions, business management and chartered accountants. It aims to show how the use of accounting and management information has contributed to the legitimization of the works council as an institution. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 29-42 Issue: 1 Volume: 11 Year: 2001 Keywords: Accounting Chartered Accountants France Industrial Relations Works Councils, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200010015013 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200010015013 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:11:y:2001:i:1:p:29-42 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Henri Zimnovitch Author-X-Name-First: Henri Author-X-Name-Last: Zimnovitch Title: Berliet, the obstructed manager: too clever, too soon? Abstract: Marius Berliet, a pioneer of the car industry, was one of the first to introduce Taylorism in France. He wanted to implement standard costing techniques in his company at the very same time they were conceived in the USA, around the time of the First World War. Given that this technique was to become popular in France only during the 1950s, this article seeks to understand the reasons which prevented it from being applied at Berliet's company forty years earlier. One obvious explanation is the burden of the cost accounting methods which prevailed in France until 1950. The paper also considers the hypothesis of a lack of interest, and skill by those who could have promoted this new technique, especially managers and engineers. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 43-58 Issue: 1 Volume: 11 Year: 2001 Keywords: Standard Costing Diffusion France First World War Car Industry, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200010015022 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200010015022 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:11:y:2001:i:1:p:43-58 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nicolas Berland Author-X-Name-First: Nicolas Author-X-Name-Last: Berland Title: Environmental turbulence and the functions of budgetary control Abstract: While budgetary control is a potentially significant tool when the economic environment is unstable and unpredictable, the analysis of its development demonstrates that its use has dramatically expanded over the time since companies have been able to run forecasts. In order to help them develop budgetary control, companies have implemented strategies that have reduced risks and hence improved their ability to make accurate forecasts. Such strategies have taken many forms and varied from one firm to another. They materialized as various types of agreement, including cartels, through strategies to effect market leadership, or via policies of nationalization. In those companies where the environment was stable and risk limitation was not important, budgetary control could be used for various internal purposes. In this respect, the analysis of the management of companies helps us to identify the purposes for which budgetary control is utilized. It is found that budgetary control allows for greater expansion opportunities and provides the means to strengthen the control of management within major companies. Our observations highlight a contradictory aspect of budgetary control: while it is relevant within an unstable environment, it performs best in an environment which is highly managed. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 59-77 Issue: 1 Volume: 11 Year: 2001 Keywords: Budgetary Control Economic Environment Turbulence Contingency France, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200010015031 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200010015031 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:11:y:2001:i:1:p:59-77 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ludovic Cailluet Author-X-Name-First: Ludovic Author-X-Name-Last: Cailluet Title: The British aluminium industry, 1945-80s: chronicles of a death foretold? Abstract: The paper aims to give an overview of the evolution of the British aluminium industry after 1945. Its objective is to analyse the national character of the sector's evolution over the post-war period. The case seems to illustrate the so-called British economic 'failure' often quoted by economic historians writing about the period (Jones, 1997). Nevertheless, geographical, financial, managerial and cultural factors are crucial to understanding Britain's inability to sustain a domestically owned aluminium industry. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 79-97 Issue: 1 Volume: 11 Year: 2001 Keywords: British Aluminium Industry Post-SECOND World War Era British Economic Failure, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200010015040 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200010015040 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:11:y:2001:i:1:p:79-97 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrew Thomson Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Thomson Title: The case for management history Abstract: This article defines the case for treating management history as a discrete subject area, although one closely related to business, accounting, labour, and industrial history. It seeks to concentrate on the nature, process, and practice of management as an activity within the organization, and to argue that it is important that modern British managers understand the intellectual and cultural roots of their profession, since without these they will tend to be swayed by short-term management 'fads'. Within the broad topic there are several identifiable sub-areas for potential exploration, including the comparative historical development of management between different countries, management institutions, managerial careers and labour markets, management structures, management skills, and management thought and theory. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 99-115 Issue: 2 Volume: 11 Year: 2001 Keywords: Management History Management Thought Management Practice Management Institutions Comparative Management Business History, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200121780 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200121780 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:11:y:2001:i:2:p:99-115 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sean McCartney Author-X-Name-First: Sean Author-X-Name-Last: McCartney Author-Name: A. J. Arnold Author-X-Name-First: A. J. Author-X-Name-Last: Arnold Title: 'A vast aggregate of avaricious and flagitious jobbing'? George Hudson and the evolution of early notions of directorial responsibility Abstract: The literature suggests that shareholders in the early railway companies were highly dependent upon the honesty and competence of their directors, that there was extensive scope for abuse and that numerous frauds were perpetrated, particularly during the railway mania of 1845-7. George Hudson's fraudulent activities are widely referred to, although the literature is, in general, more concerned with Hudson's manipulations of company accounts than with his misuse of the assets he was able to control as an agent of shareholder interests. At the time, however, Hudson's acts of self-enrichment and his defence of personal responsibility were as important as his accounting manipulations, not least because they posed an important and highly publicized challenge to tentatively formed notions of how directors should act. This paper concentrates on Hudson's dealings with and on behalf of his four major railway companies, analyses his personal transactions and then considers the influence of Hudson's personal frauds and ideas of personal responsibility on the evolution of early, and rather poorly formed, legal conceptions of directorial responsibility. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 117-143 Issue: 2 Volume: 11 Year: 2001 Keywords: Directorial Responsibility Railway Accounting George Hudson, X-DOI: 10.1080/713757312 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713757312 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:11:y:2001:i:2:p:117-143 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Monica Keneley Author-X-Name-First: Monica Author-X-Name-Last: Keneley Title: The evolution of the Australian life insurance industry Abstract: The life insurance industry in Australia has traditionally been an important source of long term finance for both the public and private sector. However, very little historical analysis has been undertaken into an industry that constitutes a fundamental part of the economy's financial sector. The present climate of deregulation has initiated an irrevocable process of change within the industry. To comprehend the full implications of this change it is necessary to have an understanding of how the industry has evolved. This paper seeks to provide a background account of the growth of the life insurance industry in Australia highlighting the influences that have determined the structure of the industry. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 145-170 Issue: 2 Volume: 11 Year: 2001 Keywords: Life Insurance Australia Mutual Regulation Demutualization, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200122306 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200122306 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:11:y:2001:i:2:p:145-170 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Collins Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Collins Author-Name: Mae Baker Author-X-Name-First: Mae Author-X-Name-Last: Baker Title: English commercial bank liquidity, 1860-1913 Abstract: This article presents new half-yearly time series for the asset ratios of commercial banks in England and Wales, 1860-1913. The series reveal new evidence on the nature of the banks' business and are, therefore, relevant to the debate on the role of banks in British economic development. The new estimates are used to examine trends and short-term changes in bank liquidity. Analysis is concerned with the changing stability of bank asset structure and with substitutability across different asset ratios. The main finding is of a sharp, long-term increase in liquidity and a concomitant decline in bank credit to the non-bank, private sector. The article also highlights the significance of short-term shocks to the trend increase in bank liquidity. The new findings are supportive of the argument that, over time, English banks became less involved with the non-bank private sector. In general, the results confirm that the English and Welsh bank asset structure became more liquid over time. However, no detailed breakdown of bank loans to the non-bank, private sector (for example, between business loans and personal loans), is available for this period. Moreover, the current study offers no evidence as to the trend in financial provision to the business sector from institutions other than the commercial banks. Nevertheless, the results are clear in showing a strong upward trend in commercial bank liquidity and a relative decline in private sector credit provision by the commercial banks. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 171-191 Issue: 2 Volume: 11 Year: 2001 Keywords: Banking Asset Composition Lending Liquidity Financial Crises, X-DOI: 10.1080/713757309 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713757309 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:11:y:2001:i:2:p:171-191 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ross Stewart Author-X-Name-First: Ross Author-X-Name-Last: Stewart Title: The deliberation around accounting techniques: accounting for depreciation and foreign exchange in an Indian jute company, 1870-1900 Abstract: This paper examines the way two accounting techniques, namely depreciation and foreign exchange, were deliberated on, between 1870 and 1900, in an Indian jute company whose shareholders resided in the UK. The arena for these deliberations was the conflictual relationship between controlling and non-controlling shareholders as to how best to account for depreciation and foreign exchange especially when the particular accountings affected distributional issues such as the dividend decision. The purpose of this paper is to analyse and explain the processes by which a company's accounting practices emerge and develop as a contest between different interests. Accounting framed the parameters of the deliberations and provided the language of power and dissent. The paper uses a rich archive that includes narrative and accounting material. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 193-223 Issue: 2 Volume: 11 Year: 2001 Keywords: Accounting History Depreciation Foreign Exchange Champdany Jute Co Ltd James Finlay And Co Accounting Change, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200123004 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200123004 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:11:y:2001:i:2:p:193-223 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Forrest Capie Author-X-Name-First: Forrest Author-X-Name-Last: Capie Author-Name: Mark Billings Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Billings Title: Accounting issues and the measurement of profits - English banks 1920-68 Abstract: It is well known that banks in England did not publish their 'true' profits until 1969. This article discusses the problems encountered in establishing the banks' 'true' profits and capital for earlier periods from their published accounts and unpublished archival sources. Definitions of profits and capital are considered and the methods used by the authors elsewhere in the calculation of true profits, capital, and rates of return are described. A number of areas causing particular difficulty are identified and discussed in detail. The accounting practices followed by the banks are compared to more generally-used financial accounting practices. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 225-251 Issue: 2 Volume: 11 Year: 2001 Keywords: Bank Profits Bank Capital Accounting Issues, X-DOI: 10.1080/713757313 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713757313 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:11:y:2001:i:2:p:225-251 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Junichi Chiba Author-X-Name-First: Junichi Author-X-Name-Last: Chiba Author-Name: Terry Cooke Author-X-Name-First: Terry Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke Title: Editorial Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 265-267 Issue: 3 Volume: 11 Year: 2001 X-DOI: 10.1080/713757318 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713757318 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:11:y:2001:i:3:p:265-267 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Takeo Yoshikawa Author-X-Name-First: Takeo Author-X-Name-Last: Yoshikawa Title: Cost accounting standard and cost accounting systems in Japan. Lessons from the past - recovering lost traditions Abstract: This paper aims to show two things. The first is how Japanese culture has contributed to the development of Japanese cost accounting history. The second is to reveal the research possibilities of cost accounting history. This paper also reviews the salient features of several important examples of these aspects of cost accounting practice in Japan. It therefore explores, through some practical illustrations, how and why Japanese cost accounting differs from that found in the West. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 269-281 Issue: 3 Volume: 11 Year: 2001 Keywords: Japanese Cost Accounting Standard Lot Costing Systems Kousuu Gentan-I Gentan-I Management Kousuu Production Management, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200126618 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200126618 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:11:y:2001:i:3:p:269-281 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Fujio Yamaguchi Author-X-Name-First: Fujio Author-X-Name-Last: Yamaguchi Title: Asset valuation and accounting strategy within the Japanese shipping industry c.1876-c.1950 Abstract: The Japanese shipping industry adopted European-style book-keeping in the 1870s. Before 1937, there were few regulations on accounting practices in Japan and we can observe their natural evolution at the Nippon Yusen Kaisha (NYK). NYK, which prospered to become a blue-chip company, developed its accounting techniques in asset valuation exploiting a policy that income and expense from selling securities or vessels should not go directly to the profit and loss account. Asset revaluations were undertaken not to reflect market value but to implement accounting strategy. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 283-292 Issue: 3 Volume: 11 Year: 2001 Keywords: Revaluation Of Vessels Valuation Gains And Losses Capital Gain Shipping Industry, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200126619 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200126619 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:11:y:2001:i:3:p:283-292 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shigeto Sasaki Author-X-Name-First: Shigeto Author-X-Name-Last: Sasaki Title: The historical significance of the revaluation of fixed assets in Japan's state-owned railway system, 1955-6 Abstract: The Government Railways of Japan (GRJ) established a fixed assets accounting system on the accruals basis after the Second World War. The revaluation of tangible fixed assets was indispensable for GRJ's introduction of depreciation in 1948. GRJ scheduled the revaluation to secure a reasonable depreciation expense, because the company had applied the replacement method to all tangible fixed assets since its foundation in 1869. At the same time, GRJ assumed the balance of the revaluation reserve account to be a means of dealing with possible future accumulated losses. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 293-309 Issue: 3 Volume: 11 Year: 2001 Keywords: Railway Government Railways Of Japan Revaluation Fixed Assets Depreciation Capital Maintenance, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200126620 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200126620 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:11:y:2001:i:3:p:293-309 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Junichi Chiba Author-X-Name-First: Junichi Author-X-Name-Last: Chiba Title: The designing of corporate accounting law in Japan after the Second World War Abstract: After the Second World War, during the neutralization of the controlled economy of wartime Japan, a design for a Corporate Accounting Law was elaborated by the Investigation Committee on the Business Accounting System. The Investigation Committee tried to establish not only new business accounting standards but also a central and independent administrative organ of corporate accounting regulation on the basis of the Corporate Accounting Law. The Corporate Accounting Law was expected to lay the legal foundation of the new corporate accounting regulation regime in Japan. Nevertheless, even though the original design of the fundamental accounting law was never realized, it should be considered the starting point for our understanding of external accounting history in post-war Japan. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 311-330 Issue: 3 Volume: 11 Year: 2001 Keywords: Corporate Accounting Law Independent Administrative Organ Of Accounting Regulation Corporate Accounting Regulation Regime Neutralization Of Controlled Economy Japanese Sec, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200126621 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200126621 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:11:y:2001:i:3:p:311-330 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jun Kawamoto Author-X-Name-First: Jun Author-X-Name-Last: Kawamoto Title: The development of the group accounts disclosure system in Japan Abstract: The Japanese disclosure system of consolidated statements was introduced in 1977 and extensively revised in 1997. The role of the bureaucracy has been significant in these developments and seems to be part of Japan's closed culture. However, other explanations could also be applied. In particular, although Japanese firms opposed such disclosures on the basis of preparation costs, the Japanese government had to modernize the disclosure system, including consolidation, in order to develop the securities market regardless of an individual company' interests. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 331-348 Issue: 3 Volume: 11 Year: 2001 Keywords: Consolidated Statements In Japan The Business Accounting Deliberation Committee Motives For Corporate Disclosure Japanese Closed Culture Scope Of Consolidation Influences From Overseas, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200126622 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200126622 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:11:y:2001:i:3:p:331-348 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Masato Kikuya Author-X-Name-First: Masato Author-X-Name-Last: Kikuya Title: International harmonization of Japanese accounting standards Abstract: Historically, Japanese accounting standards have been quite distinct from International Accounting Standards (IASs) which have been perceived as being modelled on British-American accounting standards. However, in the 1990s, after the publication of E32 in 1989 and the IASC-IOSCO Agreement in 1995, the Business Accounting Deliberation Committee (BADC), the standards-setting body in Japan, has pursued a policy of harmonization with IASs. Accounting standards relating to consolidated financial statements of companies that make cross-border offerings of securities or operate worldwide are being revised drastically. This paper focuses on the development of international accounting harmonization and its impact on Japan. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 349-368 Issue: 3 Volume: 11 Year: 2001 Keywords: International Harmonization Iass Japanese Accounting Standards E32 Iasc-IOSCO Agreement The Securities And Exchange Law, X-DOI: 10.1080/713757317 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713757317 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:11:y:2001:i:3:p:349-368 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kees Camfferman Author-X-Name-First: Kees Author-X-Name-Last: Camfferman Author-Name: Terry Cooke Author-X-Name-First: Terry Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke Title: Dutch accounting in Japan 1609-1850: isolation or observation? Abstract: The trading station or factory maintained by the Dutch East India Company (VOC) was Japan's sole window on the Western world during most of the Tokugawa period (1600-1868). While many aspects of the factory's role in Dutch/Japanese cultural exchange have been researched little is known in the West of the accounting at the factory. This paper considers the possibility that double-entry bookkeeping employed by the Dutch may have been diffused to the Japanese. The available evidence is synthesized after considering the accounting system in the Dutch factory. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 369-382 Issue: 3 Volume: 11 Year: 2001 Keywords: Dutch East India Company Japan Deshima Diffusion Of Accounting Technology Financial Records, X-DOI: 10.1080/713757323 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713757323 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:11:y:2001:i:3:p:369-382 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Malcolm Anderson Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson Title: An analysis of the first ten volumes of research in Accounting, Business and Financial History Abstract: Although numerous studies have focused upon the publishing patterns of leading academic accounting journals, the area of accounting history has largely been neglected. This paper uses standard content and citation techniques to analyse the 155 articles published in the first ten volumes of Accounting, Business and Financial History across the period 1990 to 2000. It highlights the leading individual and institutional contributors to ABFH, the major foci of their studies and the journals, articles and scholars exerting the greatest influence upon ABFH authors. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 1-24 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2002 Keywords: Accounting History, Abfh, Publishing Patterns, Content Analysis, Citation Analysis, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200110107939 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200110107939 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:12:y:2002:i:1:p:1-24 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Christopher Kobrak Author-X-Name-First: Christopher Author-X-Name-Last: Kobrak Title: Foreign-currency transactions and the recovery of German industry in the aftermath of the First World War: the case of Schering AG Abstract: While historians have for a long time recognized the importance of the First World War to the general flow of history, business economists do not fully appreciate the impact of the war on commercial relationships. The First World War transformed the political, economic, and social context, in which business was done, forcing companies to develop new strategies and activities, some of which were almost unimaginable before August 1914. This article focuses on one aspect of doing business: foreign exchange management. It argues that Schering AG and its parent, like many German companies after the First World War, were obliged to refocus their activities around their foreign exchange exposures and that the management of foreign exchange issues contributed to a much tighter relationship between businesses, government, and business associations than had existed before the war and for which some aspects of Germany's system of corporate control were not well adapted to handle. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 25-42 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2002 Keywords: Germany, Schering Ag, Chemical Industry, Foreign Exchange Management, Interwar Recovery, Business History, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200110107948 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200110107948 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:12:y:2002:i:1:p:25-42 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Christopher Powell Author-X-Name-First: Christopher Author-X-Name-Last: Powell Title: 'Specialities still continue to increase amazingly': division of labour among building-related firms Abstract: Growth of division of labour among building-related firms in Bristol between 1850 and 1939 was virtually continuous, with fastest growth between c. 1900 and 1920. By contrast, the onset and subsequent retardation of accelerated growth in London occurred earlier. Probable influences favouring growth were the extent of the market, falling transaction costs and, particularly, technical innovation and diffusion, apparently associated with recession in total building activity. Innovations were a strong source of division of labour in the fields of building component and materials processing, and the installation of building services. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 43-72 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2002 Keywords: Building, Construction, Division Of Labour, Technical Innovation, Sub-CONTRACTING, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200110107957 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200110107957 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:12:y:2002:i:1:p:43-72 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: T. A. Lee Author-X-Name-First: T. A. Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: UK immigrants and the foundation of the US public accountancy profession Abstract: Building on a previous study (Lee, 1997) describing the case of Edinburgh chartered accountants, the current study observes 394 chartered and incorporated accountants who migrated to the US by the end of 1914. The data are reported in the context of an emerging US public accountancy profession, and the purpose of the paper is to document the migration and its place in the development of American public accountancy. A comparison is made with 112 unqualified emigrants from the UK to the US who became public accountants there by the end of 1914. This contrast provides a means of discovering subsets of the migrant group with respect to preemigration backgrounds and post-immigration careers of 506 men. Comparisons are also made of differences within defined subsets of the qualified migrant group. Data were collected from available UK and US sources. These were then aggregated in a manner that permits a coherent picture to emerge of the immigrants as public accountants in the US at the end of the nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth centuries. The analyses reveal that the immigrant group was relatively small, and that the immigrants succeeded in their careers to differing degrees. A sizeable proportion returned to the UK or moved on to another host country. Of those that remained in the US, most had productive if unexceptional lives, typically in public accountancy. A few men became leaders of US public accountancy institutions and firms. A small minority achieved senior positions in industry and commerce. It is argued that the influence of UK accountants on US accounting and auditing went beyond the documented successes of specific individuals and firms. The paper is therefore more than the typical history of prominent US accountants and firms of the past. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 73-94 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2002 Keywords: Chartered Accountants, Immigration, Institutions, Professionalization, Public Accountancy, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200110107966 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200110107966 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:12:y:2002:i:1:p:73-94 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lino Cinquini Author-X-Name-First: Lino Author-X-Name-Last: Cinquini Author-Name: Alessandro Marelli Author-X-Name-First: Alessandro Author-X-Name-Last: Marelli Title: An Italian forerunner of modern cost allocation concepts: Lorenzo De Minico and the logic of the 'flows of services' Abstract: This article provides an analysis of the thoughts of an Italian academic who lived in the first half of the twentieth century, Lorenzo De Minico, in particular it regards his approach to the allocation of common costs. De Minico's main concern was with the conventional, subjective allocation methods proposed by Italian practitioners and academics of his time. He valiantly searched for a methodological approach based on using causality as the basis for linking costs to cost objects. The most interesting finding of De Minico was the concept of 'flows of services' and his commitment to offering a convincing answer to the problem of general or common cost apportionment that went beyond 'traditional' criteria. De Minico's 'flows of services' referred to the outputs of resources consumed in indirect services. These indirect costs can be considered easily 'directly attributable' only if it is possible to measure the connected 'flows of services'. The article shows that the concept developed by De Minico in early twentieth century of Italy confirms the idea that some theoretical frameworks for a causal allocation of common costs were in existence many decades before information technology made such systems a practical proposition. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 95-111 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2002 Keywords: Early Twentieth Century, Italy, Cost Accounting, Common Costs, Allocation Methods, Flows Of Services, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200110107975 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200110107975 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:12:y:2002:i:1:p:95-111 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Derek Matthews Author-X-Name-First: Derek Author-X-Name-Last: Matthews Title: The use of the postal questionnaire in accounting history research Abstract: This methodological article discusses the first project in accounting history to use the postal questionnaire as a research tool. The historical context was the changing nature of the company audit in Britain, and this article outlines the process by which the questionnaire was devised, the stages through which the project developed, the data that were collected, and how these were analysed and interpreted. A significant innovation was to sample, in equal proportions, accountants who qualified in each decade from the 1920s and 1930s down to the 1980s, and direct the questioning toward their early training and careers, thereby generating historical trends in the responses. Some of the results of the survey are given here by way of illustrating the weaknesses and strengths/costs and benefits of the technique in comparison with oral history and traditional documentary sources. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 113-129 Issue: 1 Volume: 12 Year: 2002 Keywords: Methodology, Postal Questionnaires, Auditing, Accounting History, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200110107984 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200110107984 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:12:y:2002:i:1:p:113-129 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Trevor Boyns Author-X-Name-First: Trevor Author-X-Name-Last: Boyns Author-Name: Salvador Carmona Author-X-Name-First: Salvador Author-X-Name-Last: Carmona Title: Accounting history research in Spain, 1996-2001: an introduction Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 149-155 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2002 X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200210134884 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200210134884 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:12:y:2002:i:2:p:149-155 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jose Jurado-Sanchez Author-X-Name-First: Jose Author-X-Name-Last: Jurado-Sanchez Title: Mechanisms for controlling expenditure in the Spanish Royal Household, c.1561-c.18081 Abstract: The purpose of this article is to examine the accounting and auditing in the Spanish Royal Household between 1561 and 1808. The Royal Household was the third most important item of expenditure that the State Treasury financed, after the Army and Navy and the National Debt. On studying spending control in the Royal Household, we have rejected the idea, often advanced by historiography, that there was no spending control within this institution. On the contrary, treasurers and accountants were only able to release funds for expenditure purposes on the basis of prior authorization. However, the efficiency of spending control was very limited due to technical, administrative and, above all, social and political elements. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 157-185 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2002 Keywords: Spanish Royal Household, State Expenditure, Charge And Discharge, Spending Control, Auditing, Double Entry, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200210134901 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200210134901 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:12:y:2002:i:2:p:157-185 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Salvador Carmona Author-X-Name-First: Salvador Author-X-Name-Last: Carmona Title: Esteban Hernandez Esteve: an appreciation Abstract: Accounting history research enjoys a status of high esteem and consideration in Spain. This may be explained by the joint effects of two factors, one institutional and the other relating to the role of certain individuals. Institutional aspects refer to the autonomy that Spanish law grants to universities to set up their own research agendas as well as the impact of research assessment exercises that focus on research quality over a priori considerations of specific research areas. On the individual front, the leading role has been played by Esteban Hernandez Esteve. A high quality researcher, he has also served to galvanize research into accounting history, not least by developing structures that nurture research into accounting history, in particular the Comision de Historia de la Contabilidad de AECA, and by providing tireless research advice to those working in the field. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 187-202 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2002 Keywords: Accounting History Research, Spain, Esteban Hernandez Esteve, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200210134893 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200210134893 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:12:y:2002:i:2:p:187-202 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Enrique Llopis Author-X-Name-First: Enrique Author-X-Name-Last: Llopis Author-Name: Esther Fidalgo Author-X-Name-First: Esther Author-X-Name-Last: Fidalgo Author-Name: Teresa Mendez Author-X-Name-First: Teresa Author-X-Name-Last: Mendez Title: The 'Hojas de Ganado' of the Monastery of Guadalupe, 1597-1784: an accounting instrument for fundamental economic decisions Abstract: This paper examines the development of a new form of accounting system which was introduced at the Monastery of Guadalupe around 1597. Increasing financial pressure on those charged with the management of the economic activities of the Monastery necessitated the development of an accounting system which would enable decision making. The system that was introduced led to the production of documents known as 'Hojas de Ganado', or 'Livestock Sheets'. The nature of the information contained in these sheets suggests a move away from the traditional form of cash accounting, prevalent at the time, towards a more modern system of accounting which enabled the Monastery's management to make decisions, on the basis of profit figures, as to the best way to manage its lands and economic operations. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 203-229 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2002 Keywords: Monastery Of Guadalupe, Decision Making, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200210134929 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200210134929 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:12:y:2002:i:2:p:203-229 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eva Carmona Author-X-Name-First: Eva Author-X-Name-Last: Carmona Author-Name: Donato Gomez Author-X-Name-First: Donato Author-X-Name-Last: Gomez Title: Early cost management practices, state ownership and market competition: the case of the Royal Textile Mill of Guadalajara, 1717-44 Abstract: Existing literature on the deployment of cost techniques in early public sector organizations largely relies on archival evidence gathered from late eighteenth and nineteenth-century settings. Arguably, these contexts are characterized by a number of idiosyncratic characteristics that advise caution in generalizing conclusions beyond the institutional elements that forged those settings. Our investigation examines the case of the Royal Textile Mill of Guadalajara (RTM), a setting characterized by state ownership, competitive markets, organization of production around medieval guilds, and recruitment of foreign experts to conduct productive operations. Our findings show that the management of RTM deployed cost accounting techniques that comprised aspects such as control of raw materials and waste, control of labour and management, and allocations of overhead to product costing. We also find evidence which departs from predictions that standards relating to the control of raw materials should have preceded the implementation of labour cost standards. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 231-251 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2002 Keywords: Cost Accounting History, Textile Manufacture, Guilds, State Ownership, Guadalajara, Spain, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200210134938 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200210134938 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:12:y:2002:i:2:p:231-251 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Maria Alvarez Author-X-Name-First: Maria Author-X-Name-Last: Alvarez Author-Name: Fernando Gutierrez Author-X-Name-First: Fernando Author-X-Name-Last: Gutierrez Author-Name: Domi Romero Author-X-Name-First: Domi Author-X-Name-Last: Romero Title: Accounting and quality control in the Royal Tobacco Factory of Seville, 1744-90: an historical perspective Abstract: Studies in the history of accounting have, to date, centred on the costs and efficiency of productive systems. However, the influence of quality assurance in management control systems is an aspect that has not been studied in detail from an historical perspective. For that, this study analyses the use made of accounting techniques as a contributory element to quality control in the case of the Royal Tobacco Factory of Seville, belonging to the Spanish Tobacco Monopoly, during the second half of the eighteenth century. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 253-273 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2002 Keywords: Accounting History, Quality Control, Factory Management, Spain, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200210134947 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200210134947 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:12:y:2002:i:2:p:253-273 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Miriam Nunez Author-X-Name-First: Miriam Author-X-Name-Last: Nunez Title: Organizational change and accounting: the gunpowder monopoly in New Spain, 1757-87 Abstract: The Viceroyalty of New Spain was the main source of income for the Spanish Crown and the largest producer of silver in the world throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Carlos III, a member of the Bourbon dynasty, initiated a great tax reform in the viceroyalty during the last third of the eighteenth century, and transferred public activities and leased monopolies were brought under direct state control. This paper focuses on the study of the specific change in the system of administering the gunpowder monopoly in 1766. Institutional sociology provides the theoretical framework for analysing the effects of institutionalized environments on the organizational structure and its expression through a process of bureaucratization as a mean of establishing organizational rationality. The role of accounting in the process of organizational change is analysed from a multidimensional perspective: on the one hand, as an aspect of the organizational structure which enables the improvement of the economic performance of the monopoly and to generate organizational visibility; and, on the other hand, as an element under the control of the creator of environmental rationality. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 275-315 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2002 Keywords: Accounting, Eighteenth Century, Gunpowder Monopoly, New Spain, Institutional Sociology, Management System, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200210134956 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200210134956 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:12:y:2002:i:2:p:275-315 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marta Macias Author-X-Name-First: Marta Author-X-Name-Last: Macias Title: Ownership structure and accountability: the case of the privatization of the Spanish tobacco monopoly, 1887-96 Abstract: This paper analyses the case of the privatization of the Spanish tobacco monopoly, focusing on the period between 1887 and 1896, which corresponds to the first leasing contract between the state and the Spanish Tobacco Company and it is concerned with two different issues. First, it deals with the effects of privatization on accountability.The main question examined is whether public and private ownership entail different approaches to the way in which managers are accountable to owners, and the impact this issue had on corporate reporting. Second, it is concerned with exploring the determinants of accounting disclosure. Here, the basic issue is to understand the factors shaping changes in corporate reporting during the period of study. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 317-345 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2002 Keywords: Accounting History, Corporate Reporting, Privatization, Tobacco Monopoly, Spain, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200210134965 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200210134965 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:12:y:2002:i:2:p:317-345 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Luis Fernandez-Revuelta Author-X-Name-First: Luis Author-X-Name-Last: Fernandez-Revuelta Author-Name: Donato Gomez Author-X-Name-First: Donato Author-X-Name-Last: Gomez Author-Name: Keith Robson Author-X-Name-First: Keith Author-X-Name-Last: Robson Title: Fuerzas Motrices del Valle de Lecrin, 1936-9: accounting reports and ideological struggles in time of civil war Abstract: This paper focuses on the impact of the Spanish Civil War (1936-9) on the accounting systems and reporting practices of Fuerzas Motrices del Valle de Lecrin. The accounts inform a narrative of the company's and the region of Almeria's experiences during the Spanish Civil War. In addition, the form and content of the accounts themselves are shown to be a site of ideological struggle both for the Republican management of the company during the war and the Nationalist management at the conclusion of the conflict. The case of Fuerzas Motrices del Valle de Lecrin indicates the capacity of accounting records to both reveal organizational and economic circumstances in wartime, and how accounts themselves may form part of the struggle between opposing political ideals. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 347-368 Issue: 2 Volume: 12 Year: 2002 Keywords: Spanish Civil War, Electricity Utility, Almeria, Ideology, Accounting Reports, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200210134974 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200210134974 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:12:y:2002:i:2:p:347-368 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roger Juchau Author-X-Name-First: Roger Author-X-Name-Last: Juchau Title: Early cost accounting ideas in agriculture: the contributions of Arthur Young Abstract: This paper summarizes and reviews the accounting thoughts of Arthur Young (1741-1820) and their place in the early development of modern agricultural accounting in Britain. The paper outlines his key prescriptions for agricultural accounting and comments on the standing of these prescriptions in the light of later developments in accounting and accounting thought. The paper argues that Arthur Young should be accorded recognition for his pioneering advocacy of costing and cost allocation concepts as well as exit-value accounting. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 369-386 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2002 Keywords: Arthur Young, Cost Accounting In Agriculture, Costing History, Exit-VALUE, Farm Accounts, Farm Costing, Internal Accounting, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200210164566 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200210164566 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:12:y:2002:i:3:p:369-386 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: W. M. McInnes Author-X-Name-First: W. M. Author-X-Name-Last: McInnes Title: An agency perspective on the accounting costs used in various roles in the regulation of a state-owned natural monopoly: The British Gas Corporation 1972-86 Abstract: This study describes and analyses the accounting costs reported in the financial statements of the British Gas Corporation (BGC) during its fourteen years (1972-86) as a state-owned natural monopoly. Evidence is provided of the various roles in which these accounting costs were used in the regulation of the corporation. The agency perspective developed by Whittington (1985) is used to provide an analytical framework for discussion of the effects of BGC's accounting costs on the allocation of burdens and rewards between gas consumers and taxpayers through being used in these various roles. Further analytical insights are drawn from developments subsequent to privatisation in 1986. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 387-418 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2002 Keywords: Accounting Costs, Long Run Marginal Costs, Financial Statements, State-OWNED, Natural Monopoly, Gas Consumers, Taxpayers, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200210164575 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200210164575 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:12:y:2002:i:3:p:387-418 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robert Wright Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Wright Title: Reforming the US IPO market: lessons from history and theory Abstract: The current US IPO market is inefficient and unfair. To protect their own balance sheets, US investment banks systematically underprice offerings. To ration the cheap securities, the investment banks utilize various nefarious nonprice rationing techniques, including kickbacks. Regulators should reform the market by loosening restrictions against issuers. The early history of the market (1781-1861) shows that unregulated IPO markets can function efficiently. Early US corporations successfully sold equities directly to investors without the aid of intermediaries because they could overcome information asymmetry cheaply. Today, the Information Revolution is again decreasing the cost of reducing information asymmetry between investors and issuers. Regulators could improve upon the past, however, by allowing the market to price ration new shares via an auction method. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 419-437 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2002 Keywords: Investment Banking, Initial Public Offerings, Direct Public Offerings, Theory, Of, Asymmetric Information, History Of Securities Markets, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200210164584 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200210164584 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:12:y:2002:i:3:p:419-437 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gerald Crompton Author-X-Name-First: Gerald Author-X-Name-Last: Crompton Author-Name: Robert Jupe Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Jupe Title: 'An awkward fence to cross': railway capitalization in Britain in the inter-war years Abstract: This paper examines the related problems of the capitalization and financial performance of the railway companies in the inter-war period. It examines the critics' view that the railways were over-capitalized, and places the debate in context by analysing the dividend and accounting policies of the companies and the consequences for investment. It also examines the conflicting views of railway management and shareholders over capital expenditure. The paper concludes that the railways were both financially over-capitalized and physically under-capitalized, and so faced very serious financial problems that were incapable of resolution within the existing ownership structure. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 439-459 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2002 Keywords: Railway History, Capitalization, Regulation, Investment, Dividends, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200210164593 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200210164593 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:12:y:2002:i:3:p:439-459 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Valerio Antonelli Author-X-Name-First: Valerio Author-X-Name-Last: Antonelli Author-Name: Fabrizio Cerbioni Author-X-Name-First: Fabrizio Author-X-Name-Last: Cerbioni Author-Name: Antonio Parbonetti Author-X-Name-First: Antonio Author-X-Name-Last: Parbonetti Title: The rise of cost accounting: evidence from Italy Abstract: Accounting historians link the origins of cost accounting to the rise of manufacturing firms and, in a more detailed way, to efficiency control, pricing and decision-making problems faced in those organizations. To date, the international debate has mainly focused on practices in the USA, Great Britain and France, with little evidence available of developments in other countries, such as Italy. In this paper, the authors analyse the development of cost accounting in an Italian firm, 'La Magona d'Italia'. This iron, steel and tinplate firm, situated in Piombino, is observed over the period 1865-1940, i.e. during the central phase of the industrial revolution in Italy. We find that several factors influenced the implementation of a cost accounting system at Magona, including efficiency control, strategic decision making, and stock valuation. We also find a strong British influence on Magona's strategy, organization and information system, particularly in respect of finance, managers, technology and accounting practices. There is little evidence that Italian accounting traditions and practice played much of a role. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 461-486 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2002 Keywords: Origins Of Cost Accounting, Italy, La Magona D'ITALIA, Tinplate Manufacture, British, Influences, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200210164601 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200210164601 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:12:y:2002:i:3:p:461-486 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robin Pearson Author-X-Name-First: Robin Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson Title: Growth, crisis and change in the insurance industry: a retrospect Abstract: The insurance industry currently finds itself in a revolutionary situation characterized, in part, by the impact of new direct marketing techniques, facilitated by new technologies; by corporate restructuring and the creation of international mega-corporations; and by the accelerating globalization of the industry. This article surveys recent research on insurance history with the aim of placing these developments in their long-run context. Three areas are examined for evidence of continuities and discontinuities with the past: namely, the impact of technology, the interaction between markets and organizational change, and the globalization of insurance and its relationship to economic growth. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 487-504 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2002 Keywords: Insurance, Reinsurance, Risk, Technology, Mergers, Globalization, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200210164610 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200210164610 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:12:y:2002:i:3:p:487-504 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Malcolm Anderson Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson Title: Accounting History publications 2001 Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 505-512 Issue: 3 Volume: 12 Year: 2002 X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200210164629 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200210164629 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:12:y:2002:i:3:p:505-512 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wei Lu Author-X-Name-First: Wei Author-X-Name-Last: Lu Author-Name: Max Aiken Author-X-Name-First: Max Author-X-Name-Last: Aiken Title: Accounting history: Chinese contributions and challenges Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 1-3 Issue: 1 Volume: 13 Year: 2003 X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200210164566a File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200210164566a File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:13:y:2003:i:1:p:1-3 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pak Auyeung Author-X-Name-First: Pak Author-X-Name-Last: Auyeung Author-Name: Paul Ivory Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Ivory Title: A Weberian model applied to the study of accounting stagnation in late Qing China Abstract: The industrialization and commercial expansion that China experienced following foreign intrusion, in 1840, necessitated the modernization of its accounting, but its accounting technology continued to stagnate for more than half a century. Weber's socio-historical model provides a framework for posing the question why indigenous accounting systems persisted even though superior western bookkeeping techniques were available. Weber's framework for the study of the relations of accounting to organizations and society may be divided into two analytic layers: structural conditions of accounting and the historical dynamic arising from the tensions between formal and substantive rationalities. All structural conditions specified in his first analytic layer as necessary for capital accounting were basically satisfied in Qing China. The second layer of Weber's framework is ideational. Rationality is the key concept in Weber's work. Replacing traditional accounting amounted to a direct challenge to substantive rationality of ti ('substance', 'essence') by the formal rationality of yung ('instruments', 'utility'). Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 5-26 Issue: 1 Volume: 13 Year: 2003 Keywords: Weber, Accounting History, Qing, China, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200210164566b File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200210164566b File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:13:y:2003:i:1:p:5-26 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robert Bloom Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Bloom Author-Name: John Solotko Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Solotko Title: The foundation of Confucianism in Chinese and Japanese accounting Abstract: The most important Chinese philosopher, Confucius, was primarily concerned with improving social welfare and ethical behaviour. He preached enlightened state leadership and conformity to traditions. Believing in equal opportunity education and public service, Confucius trained individuals to become government officials. He emphasized the importance of working with others harmoniously, contending that government should operate on the basis of propriety, morality, and rituals rather than laws and punishment. This paper examines the main tenets of Confucianism and considers Chinese and Japanese accounting principles in light of Confucianism. The influence of Confucius on both Chinese and Japanese accounting is apparent. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 27-40 Issue: 1 Volume: 13 Year: 2003 Keywords: Chinese Accounting, Confucianism, East Asian Accounting, Japanese Accounting, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200210164566c File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200210164566c File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:13:y:2003:i:1:p:27-40 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Simon Gao Author-X-Name-First: Simon Author-X-Name-Last: Gao Author-Name: Morrison Handley-Schachler Author-X-Name-First: Morrison Author-X-Name-Last: Handley-Schachler Title: The influences of Confucianism, Feng Shui and Buddhism in Chinese accounting history Abstract: This paper attempts to examine the influences of Confucianism, Feng Shui and Buddhism on the evolution of Chinese accounting before recent accounting reforms commencing in the 1980s. Chinese cultural variables (e.g. Confucianism, Taoism, Buddhism, etc.) have been widely utilized in studying Chinese accounting systems, the accounting profession and the evolution of Chinese accounting techniques. However, the literature has not taken into account the traditional Chinese Feng Shui belief, which was broadly considered as the most important part of Chinese traditional culture. There is much evidence to show that Chinese accounting development was not only influenced by Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism, but also by the prevalence of Feng Shui belief in ancient China over thousands of years. This paper first discusses the concepts of culture and describes Confucianism, Feng Shui and Buddhism in China, and then examines the influences of Confucianism, Feng Shui and Buddhism on the evolution of Chinese accounting. The influences discussed are those on bookkeeping methods, accounting information, accounting profession/accountants, regulating and standardizing accounting practice, government accounting and private-sector accounting respectively. This paper also identifies some areas for future research in Chinese accounting history and culture. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 41-68 Issue: 1 Volume: 13 Year: 2003 Keywords: Accounting History, Buddhism, Chinese Accounting, Chinese Culture, Confucianism, Feng Shui, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200210164566d File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200210164566d File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:13:y:2003:i:1:p:41-68 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xu-dong Ji Author-X-Name-First: Xu-dong Author-X-Name-Last: Ji Title: Concepts of cost and profit in Chinese agricultural treatises: with special reference to Shengshi Nongshu and Pu Nongshu in the seventeenth century Abstract: This article analyses the use of the concepts of cost and profit in Chinese agricultural treatises. Special attention is given to the agricultural works Shengshi Nongshu and Pu Nongshu in the seventeenth century. The analysis shows how Chinese people applied the concepts of cost and profit to agricultural production. This paper also analyses the reasons for the lack of further progress of Chinese accounting in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. It concludes that Chinese accounting reached its peak in the Ming and Qing dynasties under a feudal framework and that accounting development has been strongly associated and constrained by its social environment, including political and cultural constraints. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 69-81 Issue: 1 Volume: 13 Year: 2003 Keywords: Accounting History, Chinese Accounting, Cost Accounting, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200210164566e File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200210164566e File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:13:y:2003:i:1:p:69-81 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Z. Lin Author-X-Name-First: Z. Author-X-Name-Last: Lin Title: Chinese bookkeeping systems: a study of accounting adaptation and change Abstract: The evolution of bookkeeping methods is one of the main features in the advance of Chinese accounting over several thousand years. This paper outlines the invention and application of Chinese-style bookkeeping methods from a historical perspective. With an emphasis on the rise and fall of the 'increase-decrease' bookkeeping method in the mid-1960s to 1980s, the paper not only illustrates the main characteristics of this bookkeeping system, but also analyses its relative strengths and deficiencies in contrast to the Italian-style debit-credit bookkeeping system. It is contended that the increase-decrease system is a continuing innovation of the Chinese-style bookkeeping and an attempt to adapt the western bookkeeping system in terms of the Chinese social and cultural traditions. Studies of this bookkeeping system may generate certain insightful input for the potential improvement of modern bookkeeping in other countries in light of the changing technological and economic conditions. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 83-98 Issue: 1 Volume: 13 Year: 2003 Keywords: Bookkeeping, Double-entry Bookkeeping, Chinese Accounting, Accounting History, X-DOI: 10.1080/09f85200210164566f File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09f85200210164566f File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:13:y:2003:i:1:p:83-98 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Neil Robson Author-X-Name-First: Neil Author-X-Name-Last: Robson Title: From voluntary to state control and the emergence of the department in UK hospital accounting Abstract: This paper explores the development and diffusion of accounting techniques in UK hospitals and finds that attempts to utilise accounting data, for performance measurement and control, predate the introduction of the NHS in 1948. The main focus of the paper is the move from the uniform system of accounts, first introduced in 1893, to departmental accounting information in 1956. After identifying the antecedent accounting conditions the paper explores both why and how change occurred by analysing the roles of dominant individuals, institutions, political and economic forces that led to the introduction of departmental accounting. The process of change, after the nationalisation of the hospitals in 1948, had a significant impact on the accounting technology adopted: with departmental budgeting being dropped. Finally, the role of the medical profession in the departmentalisation debate is explored and possible explanations for the reluctance to adopt new management accounting techniques are discussed. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 99-123 Issue: 2 Volume: 13 Year: 2003 Keywords: hospital accounting, uniform accounts, voluntary, department, costing, budgets, X-DOI: 10.1080/095852000084969 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/095852000084969 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:13:y:2003:i:2:p:99-123 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard Mattessich Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Mattessich Title: Accounting research and researchers of the nineteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century: an international survey of authors, ideas and publications Abstract: At the beginning of the nineteenth century the former glory of Italian accounting was overshadowed by its decline during the eighteenth century, and literature from France, England, Germany, America and other countries took centre-stage. 'Theories of accounts' (rather than 'accounting theories') dominated not merely the early but also the later part of this century when Italian accounting had regained a prominent position beside other countries. The relation of those theories to the 'charts of accounts'-which later became so prominent in Continental Europe is historically important. The controversies over personalistic versus materialistic accounts and that between entity versus proprietary theories, as well as the emergence of other theories are discussed with reference to individual authors. Diverse topics from railroad accounting and auditing to various aspects of cost accounting are investigated. Particularly important are the pioneering efforts of this period that anticipated further developments. These manifested themselves in the following ideas: entity theory, flow of funds statement, matrix accounting, different aspects of valuation, allocation and depreciation, price-level adjustments and indexation, current values, exit values, residual income valuation, managerial control, the emergence of competing accounting (and Bilanz) theories, the separation of fixed from variable costs, fixed and flexible budgeting, zero-based budgeting, PERT, transfer prices, break-even charts, variance analysis, job-order costing, labour and machine hour rates, standard costing, price determination, integrating financial and cost accounting, clean surplus theory, agricultural accounting, holding gains, and other topics. Appendix A offers an overview of Nineteenth century scholars concerned with accounting history (together with one representative work of each), and Appendix B lists the nationally (and often internationally) prominent names of accounting authors born in the nineteenth century but also or exclusively active during the twentieth century. The paper integrates approximately 400 publications of which less than half are of the English tongue. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 125-170 Issue: 2 Volume: 13 Year: 2003 Keywords: Accounting research, history, nineteenth century, Twentieth century (beginning), innovations, international, X-DOI: 10.1080/0958520032000084978 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0958520032000084978 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:13:y:2003:i:2:p:125-170 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kees Camfferman Author-X-Name-First: Kees Author-X-Name-Last: Camfferman Author-Name: Stephen Zeff Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Zeff Title: 'The apotheosis of holding company accounting': Unilever's financial reporting innovations from the 1920s to the 1940s Abstract: The annual reports of Unilever were widely hailed in the 1940s as outstanding examples of holding company accounting. The accounts did indeed contain many new and innovative features, including segment reporting of sales turnover. This contrasts with the frequently negative assessments of the company's reporting before World War II, and the fact that the company was on record as a relatively late adopter of consolidated statements. In this paper, Unilever's reporting practices from the 1920s to the 1940s are analysed. We argue that the reporting changes of the 1940s had clear antecedents in the 1920s and 1930s, when they emerged in conjunction with the transformation of Unilever from a family-dominated enterprise into a professionally managed organisation. We also argue that, in order to evaluate properly Unilever's pre-war reporting practices, one needs to take into consideration the nature of Unilever as a complex federation of companies, rather than a unitary organisation, and to examine the chairman's address at the annual general meetings. The speeches by Francis D'Arcy Cooper, in particular, contained important disclosures not found in the annual reports. By the early 1940s, Unilever's commitment to improve its financial reporting was sufficiently developed for its officials, in particular Geoffrey Heyworth and P.M. Rees, to play important roles in the drafting of the English Institute's Recommendations on Accounting Principles and in the deliberations of the Company Law Amendment Committee whose report led to the Companies Act 1947. We therefore conclude that Unilever should be ranked with such companies as Dunlop Rubber among the key actors in the modernisation of British financial reporting during the 1930s and 1940s. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 171-206 Issue: 2 Volume: 13 Year: 2003 Keywords: Unilever, Lever Brothers, financial reporting, Companies Acts, holding company reporting, segment reporting, voluntary disclosure, X-DOI: 10.1080/0958520032000084987 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0958520032000084987 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:13:y:2003:i:2:p:171-206 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Higgins Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Higgins Author-Name: Steve Toms Author-X-Name-First: Steve Author-X-Name-Last: Toms Title: Financial distress, corporate borrowing, and industrial decline: the Lancashire cotton spinning industry, 1918-38 Abstract: The analysis presented is based on a case study of Lancashire cotton textile firms. It traces their financial history through the sharp boom of 1919-20, and the sudden crisis that followed. Using a sample of representative companies it is shown that firms unwittingly adopted inappropriate financial structures that acted as the decisive constraint on the adoption of recovery strategies in the subsequent slump. The paper explains how the relationship between indebtedness and asset values prevented subsequent internal financial retrenchment, restructuring and re-equipment, and dictated the competitive processes within the industry. It is demonstrated that financial constraints were the decisive factor determining the feasibility of competitive strategies available to the industry's leaders. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 207-232 Issue: 2 Volume: 13 Year: 2003 Keywords: cotton, textiles, financial structure, turnaround strategies, X-DOI: 10.1080/0958520032000084996 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0958520032000084996 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:13:y:2003:i:2:p:207-232 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Carol Royal Author-X-Name-First: Carol Author-X-Name-Last: Royal Title: Snakes and career ladders in the investment banking industry: the making of Barclays De Zoete Wedd (BZW) - an international perspective, 1982-96 Abstract: This paper emphasises the importance of business history for analysing labour market structures and practices in financial markets in the United Kingdom and more particularly at Barclays De Zoete Wedd (BZW), the international investment banking arm of the British bank Barclays plc. By adopting an historical perspective, this study departs from existing literature and presents new explanations concerning the importance of the relationship between business history and the origins and functions of internal labour markets. The theoretical framework elaborated involves a model and a timeline in its analysis, which highlights significant emerging patterns in internal labour markets that become evident over time. The study reveals evidence that, contrary to the arguments raised by scholars which suggest a decline in internal labour market practices in favour of a return to a more market-based system, internal labour market arrangements continue to apply to an organisation such as BZW at all stages in its organisational development. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 233-262 Issue: 2 Volume: 13 Year: 2003 Keywords: business history, labour markets, internal labour markets, organisational development, managing internally, X-DOI: 10.1080/0958520032000085003 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0958520032000085003 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:13:y:2003:i:2:p:233-262 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mahmoud Ezzamel Author-X-Name-First: Mahmoud Author-X-Name-Last: Ezzamel Title: The Beginnings of Accounting and Accounting Thought Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 263-273 Issue: 2 Volume: 13 Year: 2003 X-DOI: 10.1080/0958520032000085012 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0958520032000085012 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:13:y:2003:i:2:p:263-273 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shirley Carlon Author-X-Name-First: Shirley Author-X-Name-Last: Carlon Author-Name: Richard Morris Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Morris Title: The economic determinants of depreciation accounting in late nineteenth-century Britain Abstract: This paper examines the economic incentives for unregulated companies, in late nineteenth-century Britain, to disclose in their published accounts the fact that they had charged depreciation. We argue that the disclosure will be positively associated with whether a company has outside shareholders and long-term debtholders, profitability, extent of depreciable assets, appointment of a professional auditor, and size. These hypotheses are tested using 150 British companies from the years 1880/81, 1889/90 and 1899/01. Our results indicate that whether depreciation was charged is related to profitability and, to a lesser extent, to the presence of outside shareholders, long-term debt holders and the appointment of a professional auditor. However, the amount of depreciation charged is related only to profitability and appears to be opportunistically determined. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 275-303 Issue: 3 Volume: 13 Year: 2003 Keywords: accounting history, depreciation, dividends, profits, positive accounting theory, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200310001606590 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200310001606590 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:13:y:2003:i:3:p:275-303 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Dugdale Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Dugdale Author-Name: T. Colwyn Jones Author-X-Name-First: T. Colwyn Author-X-Name-Last: Jones Title: Battles in the costing war: UK debates, 1950-75 Abstract: In the UK, 1950-75 was a lively period in the long-running debates between proponents of absorption and marginal costing. In the nexus of competing interests, management accountants advocated and defended rival costing systems with much vigour and passion. Expressed in the language of the times, these debates were 'battles' in the costing 'war'. We focus on these battles, analysing the various forces that operated upon the combatants, and locate them in the wider costing war. We conclude that no final resolution of the conflict was achieved in the twentieth century, nor is one likely in the foreseeable future. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 305-338 Issue: 3 Volume: 13 Year: 2003 Keywords: absorption costing, marginal costing, direct costing, interests, emotion, conflict, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200310001606608 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200310001606608 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:13:y:2003:i:3:p:305-338 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bernardo Batiz-Lazo Author-X-Name-First: Bernardo Author-X-Name-Last: Batiz-Lazo Author-Name: Gustavo A. Del Angel Author-X-Name-First: Gustavo A. Del Author-X-Name-Last: Angel Title: Competitive collaboration and market contestability: cases in Mexican and UK banking, 1945-75 Abstract: In this article we explore the emergence and evolution of collaboration agreements among different types of intermediaries in the UK and Mexican financial systems. Collaboration in the UK looks at agreements between non-bank and non-finance providers aiming to modify their competitive capabilities and circumvent barriers to enter deposit markets. Collaboration in Mexican banking considered agreements between commercial banks and small regional banks during the period of 1945 to 1975. Agreements in Mexican banking are benchmarked against collaboration in the UK. As a result, research in this article sheds light on the success of collaboration agreements through changes in competitive strength rather than the longevity of the transaction or the formality and structural visibility of the agreements. Evidence documented here also helps in remedying a shortage of research around financial institutions in less developed countries and the economic and business history of Latin America, while providing an international comparison. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 339-368 Issue: 3 Volume: 13 Year: 2003 Keywords: comparative financial markets, UK, Mexico, market structure, networks, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200310001606617 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200310001606617 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:13:y:2003:i:3:p:339-368 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gloria Vollmers Author-X-Name-First: Gloria Author-X-Name-Last: Vollmers Title: Industrial slavery in the United States: the North Carolina turpentine industry 1849-61 Abstract: The operation of the North Carolina turpentine industry in the late Antebellum period (1849-61) depended upon labour supplied by slaves who were either owned or hired. The nature of the work, which covered thousands of acres of forestland, led to the use of a task system whereby each slave was assigned a large tract of forest that was worked with little supervision over several months. An important finding is the content and significance of the production records for the slaves assigned to these long-term tasks. The slaves, like those in other industries and on plantations, could earn a certain amount of money for themselves by taking on extra chores. Details of those payments appear in these records. The conditions of life, including food, clothing, and the forest environment are reconstructed where possible. The records raise some questions about the relationship between the payments, extra work and slave behaviour which however, remain unanswered. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 369-392 Issue: 3 Volume: 13 Year: 2003 Keywords: industrial slavery, slavery, turpentine industry, accounting for slavery, North Carolina, archival research, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200310001606626 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200310001606626 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:13:y:2003:i:3:p:369-392 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Malcolm Anderson Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson Title: Accounting history publications 2002 Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 393-399 Issue: 3 Volume: 13 Year: 2003 X-DOI: 10.1080/0958520032000138509 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0958520032000138509 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:13:y:2003:i:3:p:393-399 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lee Parker Author-X-Name-First: Lee Author-X-Name-Last: Parker Title: 'Presenting' the past: perspectives on time for accounting and management history Abstract: Concepts of time in accounting and management historiography have only previously been considered as partial subsets of other methodological issues. This paper investigates our concepts of historical time with a view to offering alternative foundations to the unidirectional linear concept of chronological time employed in historical research project design and execution. Its analytical approach is pluralist in that it draws upon the historiographic writings of historians and historical theorists of traditional and post-modern persuasions, both within and beyond the accounting and management history fields. It addresses teleological, historicist and narrativist temporal underpinnings and considers historical practice in relation to assumptions about and interpretations of continuity and discontinuity. Time is extended beyond its conventional accounting and management chronology to include consideration of co-present, cyclical, relativist, structuralist and spatial time. Intrinsic and reflexive relationships between past, present and future are explored. The paper argues for a postmodern pluralisation of our historiographic approaches to time and their informing revisitations of historical accounting and management subjects with a view to better understanding that which we thought we already knew. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 1-27 Issue: 1 Volume: 14 Year: 2004 Keywords: time, historiography, past, present, future, continuity, discontinuity, X-DOI: 10.1080/0958520042000176902 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0958520042000176902 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:14:y:2004:i:1:p:1-27 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter Boys Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Boys Title: The mystery of the missing members: the first 600 chartered accountants in England and Wales Abstract: There are a number of factual errors within the authoritative literature on the history of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales and of its five founder bodies. The aim of this article is to outline some of these errors, explain how and why they arose, and attempt to correct them. Its primary concern is to establish the membership of these early professional accountancy bodies at the time of the granting of a royal charter in May 1880. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 29-52 Issue: 1 Volume: 14 Year: 2004 Keywords: Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales, Incorporated Society of Liverpool Accountants, Institute of Accountants, Manchester Institute of Accountants, Society of Accountants in England, Sheffield Institute of Accountants, X-DOI: 10.1080/0958520042000176911 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0958520042000176911 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:14:y:2004:i:1:p:29-52 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. H. Parker Author-X-Name-First: R. H. Author-X-Name-Last: Parker Title: Accountancy on the periphery: the profession in Exeter to 1939 Abstract: This paper presents an historical case study of the accountancy profession in the English cathedral city and county town of Exeter. Inter alia, it examines the idea that the formation of professional accountancy bodies served not only to enhance the collective economic status and social mobility of their members but also, in the case of a city like Exeter located on the periphery of the UK, to enhance their geographical mobility. The emphases of the paper are on the growth in the numbers of accountants, migration of accountants (both within the UK and overseas), and the overlapping 'jurisdictions' of accountants with other professions. Exeter's experience is compared and contrasted with that of the UK as a whole and suggestions are made for further research. The paper includes data on professional accountants qualifying in and/or working in Exeter from the late 1870s to the outbreak of the World War II in 1939. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 53-89 Issue: 1 Volume: 14 Year: 2004 Keywords: accountancy profession, Exeter, jurisdiction, migration, periphery, X-DOI: 10.1080/0958520042000176920 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0958520042000176920 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:14:y:2004:i:1:p:53-89 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Monica Keneley Author-X-Name-First: Monica Author-X-Name-Last: Keneley Title: Adaptation and change in the Australian life insurance industry: an historical perspective Abstract: In the wake of the deregulation of the financial sector in Australia in the 1980s and 1990s the life insurance industry has undergone a period of rapid change and reorganisation. Part of this adjustment has been the move towards the integration of financial service provision and the rise of bancassurance. This paper investigates the strategies adopted by Australian life insurers as they moved into the increasingly competitive environment triggered by the lifting of government restrictions on banking practices. It compares the approach of life insurers with that adopted in an earlier period of expansion and change. During the 1950s and 1960s an influx of foreign owned insurance companies into the Australian market precipitated the diversification of domestic life insurers into other insurance markets. The catalyst for change in both cases was the change in information costs brought about by the change in the competitive environment. The experience of the Australian life insurance market would suggest that there is a link between changing information costs and changing organisational structures. However this link is circumscribed by the institutional environment. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 91-109 Issue: 1 Volume: 14 Year: 2004 Keywords: life insurance, Australia, financial services sector, regulation, bancassurance, X-DOI: 10.1080/0958520042000176939 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0958520042000176939 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:14:y:2004:i:1:p:91-109 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Trevor Boyns Author-X-Name-First: Trevor Author-X-Name-Last: Boyns Title: Book review Abstract: Georgina Ferry (2003) A Computer Called LEO: Lyons Teashops and the World's First Office Computer, London: Fourth Estate, pp. xii + 221. £15.99 (hbk), ISBN 1841-15185-8. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 111-113 Issue: 1 Volume: 14 Year: 2004 X-DOI: 10.1080/0958520042000176894 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0958520042000176894 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:14:y:2004:i:1:p:111-113 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Janette Rutterford Author-X-Name-First: Janette Author-X-Name-Last: Rutterford Title: From dividend yield to discounted cash flow: a history of UK and US equity valuation techniques Abstract: This article explores how, as capital markets developed, equity valuation methods changed. The history of equity valuation is described, from its early origins during the South Sea Bubble, through the new issue boom of the nineteenth century and the stock market booms of the 1920s and 1950s. The moves from dividend yield and asset backing, to earnings yield and then P/E ratios are chronicled. The article compares developments in the UK and the US, in particular the relative slowness of the UK market to adopt US-pioneered techniques such as the P/E ratio, the concept of value versus growth stocks, and using intrinsic value to determine whether shares are cheap or dear. The article concludes with a discussion of the relatively slow introduction of the dividend discount model and of discounted cash flow as equity valuation tools on both sides of the Atlantic. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 115-149 Issue: 2 Volume: 14 Year: 2004 Keywords: history of valuation, dividend yield, P/E ratio, intrinsic value, discounted cash flow, X-DOI: 10.1080/0958520042000225745 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0958520042000225745 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:14:y:2004:i:2:p:115-149 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yves Levant Author-X-Name-First: Yves Author-X-Name-Last: Levant Author-Name: Olivier de La Villarmois Author-X-Name-First: Olivier Author-X-Name-Last: de La Villarmois Title: Georges Perrin and the GP cost calculation method: the story of a failure Abstract: After the Second World War, a number of costing methods were developed in France in response to the perceived limitations of Rimailho's 'homogeneous sections' method. The common feature of all these methods was the provision of a more thorough analysis of operations through the adoption of techniques which were simple to use. The GP method, developed by Georges Perrin, was the most successful but, despite its many advantages, its success was limited, due to deficiencies in Perrin's communication policy and his network of contacts. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 151-181 Issue: 2 Volume: 14 Year: 2004 Keywords: France, Georges Perrin, management innovation, cost calculation systems, diffusion, failure, X-DOI: 10.1080/0958520042000225754 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0958520042000225754 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:14:y:2004:i:2:p:151-181 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sam McKinstry Author-X-Name-First: Sam Author-X-Name-Last: McKinstry Author-Name: Kirsten Wallace Author-X-Name-First: Kirsten Author-X-Name-Last: Wallace Title: Cullen, Lochhead and Brown, architects: the business, financial and accounting history of a non-profit maximising firm, 1902-2002 Abstract: The study which follows charts the business and financial progress of a Scottish regional architectural practice, Cullen, Lochhead and Brown, from 1902-60 in detail, and from 1960 to the present in outline. It examines the firm's origins, the architectural context in which it has operated and the strategies by which it has survived and prospered over its life to date. Analyses of the firm's fee income and sources of work are given, together with details of its financial progress and accounting arrangements. The study concludes with some observations of relevance to the business strategy and small business literatures. Drawing brief comparisons with a Canadian study by Mintzberg et al. (1986), it also provides empirical evidence to suggest that at least some architectural practitioners are motivated by non-financial as well as financial rewards, and points to financial practices which may be characteristic of such firms. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 183-207 Issue: 2 Volume: 14 Year: 2004 Keywords: small business, strategy, accounting, architecture, financial management, X-DOI: 10.1080/0958520042000225763 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0958520042000225763 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:14:y:2004:i:2:p:183-207 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Malcolm Anderson Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson Title: Accounting history publications 2003 Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 209-215 Issue: 2 Volume: 14 Year: 2004 X-DOI: 10.1080/0958520042000225772 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0958520042000225772 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:14:y:2004:i:2:p:209-215 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bernardo Batiz-Lazo Author-X-Name-First: Bernardo Author-X-Name-Last: Batiz-Lazo Author-Name: Trevor Boyns Author-X-Name-First: Trevor Author-X-Name-Last: Boyns Title: The business and financial history of mechanisation and technological change in twentieth-century banking Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 225-232 Issue: 3 Volume: 14 Year: 2004 X-DOI: 10.1080/0958520042000277720 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0958520042000277720 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:14:y:2004:i:3:p:225-232 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin Campbell-Kelly Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Campbell-Kelly Title: Mechanisation and computers in banking: a foreword Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 233-234 Issue: 3 Volume: 14 Year: 2004 X-DOI: 10.1080/0958520042000277739 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0958520042000277739 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:14:y:2004:i:3:p:233-234 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: James Cortada Author-X-Name-First: James Author-X-Name-Last: Cortada Title: A new age for historians too: a comment Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 235-236 Issue: 3 Volume: 14 Year: 2004 X-DOI: 10.1080/0958520042000277748 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0958520042000277748 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:14:y:2004:i:3:p:235-236 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrew Seltzer Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Seltzer Title: Internal labour markets in the Australian banking industry: their nature prior to the Second World War and their recent decline Abstract: This paper uses evidence from late nineteenth-and early twentieth-century personnel records of two Australian banks to examine the nature of internal labour markets prior to the Second World War. It is argued that the industry possessed all the classic features of internal labour markets: limited ports of entry, internal promotion, long careers, and assignment of wages by well-defined rules. The paper then examines the reasons why banks adopted internal labour markets. Finally, the paper examines the recent decline of internal labour markets and examines the role of technological and social changes in this decline. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 237-256 Issue: 3 Volume: 14 Year: 2004 Keywords: Australian banking, internal labour markets, personnel practices, technological change, promotion, deferred compensation, X-DOI: 10.1080/0958520042000277757 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0958520042000277757 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:14:y:2004:i:3:p:237-256 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hubert Bonin Author-X-Name-First: Hubert Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin Title: The development of accounting machines in French banks from the 1920s to the 1960s Abstract: French banks faced severe organisational problems in the 1910s and 1920s when the scale of their operations grew dramatically as a result of the broadening of the customer base among personal investors and of the boom in discount activities, both of which required increased levels of bookkeeping. In the meanwhile, due to inflation and trade-union pressure, wages had increased. This led to French banks adopting a strategy of sharing information with German banks, which already seem to have developed the process of mechanising bookkeeping operations. Knowledge exchanges were set up with German (and Belgian) bankers so as to accelerate the transfer of organisation (re-engineering) skills and data-processing. Banks in the Alsace region were pioneers in this movement; but several big banks did not wait long before introducing a policy of investing in machines and new platforms for tackling dataprocessing. The 1920s and the 1930s thus represent a key stage in the transformation of French banks into actual service 'organisations'. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 257-276 Issue: 3 Volume: 14 Year: 2004 Keywords: Banks, firms' organisation, accounting machines, data processing, computer history, services, X-DOI: 10.1080/0958520042000277766 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0958520042000277766 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:14:y:2004:i:3:p:257-276 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alan Booth Author-X-Name-First: Alan Author-X-Name-Last: Booth Title: Technical change in branch banking at the Midland Bank, 1945-75 Abstract: This article examines mechanisation and computerisation in the Midland Bank from 1945 to 1975. It concentrates on the human resources available to the bank to manage technical change. The Midland was slow to realise the full potential of mechanisation but introduced computers very successfully. Batch-processing, second generation systems were introduced in major conurbations, producing staff savings and reliable performance without disrupting work practices: However, the Midland developed limited specialist management resources, in part because the ease of early computerisation. Short of specialist managers, the Midland was unable to manage the huge leap in complexity associated with third generation systems. Accordingly, the introduction of on-line, real-time computing was badly delayed and the Midland board henceforth adopted a more conservative approach to technical change. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 277-300 Issue: 3 Volume: 14 Year: 2004 Keywords: banking, mechanisation, computerisation, labour process, human resources, business knowledge, X-DOI: 10.1080/0958520042000277775 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0958520042000277775 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:14:y:2004:i:3:p:277-300 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Claire Matthews Author-X-Name-First: Claire Author-X-Name-Last: Matthews Author-Name: David Tripe Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Tripe Title: Bank computing in a changing economic environment: the IBIS project in New Zealand Abstract: This paper examines a major bank computing redevelopment attempted in New Zealand in the 1980s - the IBIS project. After the expenditure of some hundreds of millions of dollars this project was not proceeded with and this paper looks at the factors that led to its eventual failure. We find that dreams of banking technology can be as costly as other failures experienced by banks, and that banks must have regard to the competitive environment in building their computer systems. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 301-315 Issue: 3 Volume: 14 Year: 2004 Keywords: banking technology, computers, New Zealand, IBIS project, project budgeting, X-DOI: 10.1080/0958520042000277784 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0958520042000277784 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:14:y:2004:i:3:p:301-315 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Billings Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Billings Author-Name: Forrest Capie Author-X-Name-First: Forrest Author-X-Name-Last: Capie Title: The development of management accounting in UK clearing banks, 1920-70 Abstract: There is a perception that, in the British banks which dominated the industry for much of the twentieth century, management accounting was limited in scope and contributed to a general inefficiency in these institutions. Various official reports published from the 1960s until very recently have reinforced this view. However, some authors have argued that the banks were more sophisticated in their management than such criticisms would imply. This paper investigates the role, development and limitations of management accounting in the sector, drawing on archival evidence and relating this to the more general development of management accounting. In advancing our understanding, evidence is found to support both views. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 317-338 Issue: 3 Volume: 14 Year: 2004 Keywords: management accounting, British banks, accounting history, X-DOI: 10.1080/0958520042000277793 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0958520042000277793 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:14:y:2004:i:3:p:317-338 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Meenakshi Rishi Author-X-Name-First: Meenakshi Author-X-Name-Last: Rishi Author-Name: Sweta Saxena Author-X-Name-First: Sweta Author-X-Name-Last: Saxena Title: Technological innovations in the Indian banking industry: the late bloomer Abstract: Given that technological innovations in the banking sector in industrialised countries have been shown to increase productivity of this industry around the world, then why did India shy away from adopting this technology until the 1990s? Why has India been a late adopter of technology in the banking industry when it could have reaped the benefits from the existing R&D expertise developed by innovators and early adopters? This article charts out the path of technological innovation in the Indian banking industry post-economic liberalisation (1991-2) and identifies initial conditions in terms of competitive environment and regulatory pressures that have contributed to the diffusion of these innovations. The article highlights the role of labour unions in public sector banks and their initial opposition to technological adoption. The empirical analysis demonstrates the superior performance of the early adopters of technology (private sector and foreign banks) as measured by productivity, returns on equity, and market share, as compared to the late or passive adopters (public sector banks). Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 339-353 Issue: 3 Volume: 14 Year: 2004 Keywords: technology, banking, unions, India, X-DOI: 10.1080/0958520042000277801 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0958520042000277801 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:14:y:2004:i:3:p:339-353 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anna Canato Author-X-Name-First: Anna Author-X-Name-Last: Canato Author-Name: Nicoletta Corrocher Author-X-Name-First: Nicoletta Author-X-Name-Last: Corrocher Title: Information and communication technology: organisational challenges for Italian banks Abstract: Organisational change in the retail banking industry is particularly relevant in a country characterised by the prevalence of small banks and where the number of branches has increased over time, notwithstanding the potential for network rationalisation offered by information and communication technology. This paper examines the impact of technological change on the organisational structure of Italian banks, in terms of the evolution of competencies and the development of new systems for the provision of financial services. We consider organisational changes both at the level of production and at the level of distribution of financial services. The final objective is to understand the main challenges and opportunities stemming from the adoption of ICT by Italian banks, in particular those related to the development of new organisational structures and the introduction of innovative distribution channels. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 355-370 Issue: 3 Volume: 14 Year: 2004 Keywords: information and communication technology, Italy, banking, organisational change, X-DOI: 10.1080/0958520042000277810 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0958520042000277810 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:14:y:2004:i:3:p:355-370 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Masayoshi Noguchi Author-X-Name-First: Masayoshi Author-X-Name-Last: Noguchi Title: Interaction between tax and accounting practice: Accounting for stock-in-trade Abstract: This paper studies the issue of interaction between tax and accounting practice through an examination of the process followed by the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales (ICAEW) when formulating Recommendation on Accounting Principles (RoAP) No. 22 as a replacement for RoAP No. 10. We show that the ICAEW had a clear intention of persuading the Board of Inland Revenue of the legitimacy of replacement cost as a basis of stock valuation, and that the preparation and publication of RoAP 22 succeeded, to a significant extent, in achieving that outcome. We also reveal that RoAP 22 appears to have affected the way in which some companies valued their stock and how their bases of stock valuation were disclosed in corporate published accounts. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 1-34 Issue: 1 Volume: 15 Year: 2005 Keywords: Recommendations on Accounting Principles, Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales, Board of Inland Revenue, stock valuation, replacement cost, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200500032701 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200500032701 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:15:y:2005:i:1:p:1-34 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lynne Oats Author-X-Name-First: Lynne Author-X-Name-Last: Oats Title: Distinguishing closely held companies for taxation purposes: The Australian experience 1930-1972 Abstract: Early in the life of Australia's income tax, the government, sensitive to loss of taxation revenue through artificial arrangements to divert taxable profits from individuals to companies where they would be taxed more lightly, saw fit to provide a special taxation regime for closely held companies. From the first attempts by the government to distinguish closely held companies for tax purposes in 1930, until the final legislative changes in 1972, there arose a highly unsatisfactory situation in which taxpayers sought, through increasingly artificial means, to subvert the legislative purpose with the aim of tax avoidance. The government's response throughout was inadequate in a number of respects, and fuelled the fires of tax avoidance through inept drafting of the relevant legislation and delayed treatment of perceived abuses by taxpayers. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 35-61 Issue: 1 Volume: 15 Year: 2005 Keywords: Taxation, corporation tax, close companies, tax avoidance, creative compliance, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200500032719 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200500032719 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:15:y:2005:i:1:p:35-61 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Claire Nash Author-X-Name-First: Claire Author-X-Name-Last: Nash Author-Name: Dale Flesher Author-X-Name-First: Dale Author-X-Name-Last: Flesher Title: Employee leasing. The antebellum 1800s and the twenty-first century: A historical perspective of the contingent labour force Abstract: Management strategies have evolved over the centuries in response to economic and social needs of individuals and organizations. The maintenance of a flexible labour force was a management practice employed by industrialists more than a century ago. The use of employee leasing in the United States dates back to the industrial revolution that occurred during the nineteenth century. Industrialists leased bondsmen to supplement their labour force. This practice, known as 'hiring-out', permitted employers to obtain labour without making heavy investments in human resources. The motivations for maintaining a contingent labour force today are essentially unchanged from a century ago. This paper addresses the nineteenth-century use of a contingent labour force by the large Southern firm of Andrew Brown and Company in the period prior to the US Civil War. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 63-76 Issue: 1 Volume: 15 Year: 2005 Keywords: Employee leasing, human resource accounting, contingent labour force, accounting history, Andrew Brown and Company, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200500033022 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200500033022 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:15:y:2005:i:1:p:63-76 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: B. S. Yamey Author-X-Name-First: B. S. Author-X-Name-Last: Yamey Title: The historical significance of double-entry bookkeeping: Some non-Sombartian claims Abstract: Werner Sombart's views on the connection between double-entry bookkeeping and the rise of capitalism are well known and have been influential. In recent decades other views - independent of Sombart's - claiming historical significance for double entry have also been published. Three of these disparate claims are considered in this article: the connection between double entry and Manichaeism; the influence of the rhetoric of double entry; and double entry and the recognition in Western Europe of zero as a number. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 77-88 Issue: 1 Volume: 15 Year: 2005 Keywords: Accounting history, Werner Sombart, Manichaeism, rhetoric, zero, Luca Pacioli, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200500033089 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200500033089 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:15:y:2005:i:1:p:77-88 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Will Baxter Author-X-Name-First: Will Author-X-Name-Last: Baxter Title: Direct versus absorption costing: A comment Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 89-91 Issue: 1 Volume: 15 Year: 2005 X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200500033139 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200500033139 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:15:y:2005:i:1:p:89-91 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Dugdale Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Dugdale Author-Name: T. Colwyn Jones Author-X-Name-First: T. Colwyn Author-X-Name-Last: Jones Title: Direct versus absorption costing: A reply Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 93-95 Issue: 1 Volume: 15 Year: 2005 X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200500033188 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200500033188 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:15:y:2005:i:1:p:93-95 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gary Spraakman Author-X-Name-First: Gary Author-X-Name-Last: Spraakman Author-Name: Julie Margret Author-X-Name-First: Julie Author-X-Name-Last: Margret Title: The transfer of management accounting practices from London counting houses to the British North American fur trade Abstract: During the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries management accounting practices were transferred from London counting houses to the British North American fur trade. This transfer involved a set of practices that was more effective for implementing the strategy being pursued at the time than the set used with the previous strategy. London counting houses had developed management accounting practices to facilitate their backward integration strategies with America and the West Indies. Pivotal to this development was the requirement for sub-unit accountability and responsibility. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 101-119 Issue: 2 Volume: 15 Year: 2005 Keywords: Management accounting, technology transfer, Hudson's Bay Company, counting houses, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200500121108 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200500121108 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:15:y:2005:i:2:p:101-119 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: W. P. Birkett Author-X-Name-First: W. P. Author-X-Name-Last: Birkett Author-Name: Elaine Evans Author-X-Name-First: Elaine Author-X-Name-Last: Evans Title: Control of accounting education within Australian universities and technical colleges 1944-1951: A uni-dimensional consideration of professionalism Abstract: This paper examines the structure of the occupation of accounting in Australia between 1944 and 1951 and the problems for the accounting associations caused by the Commonwealth Reconstruction Training Scheme. In particular, accounting education was caught between the Commonwealth government's post-war reconstruction policies and the accounting associations' desire to be recognized as a 'profession'. Control of accounting education is argued to be one dimension of professionalism, yet managing this condition was a problem for the accounting associations when accounting education shifted to universities and technical colleges. The paper explores how two accounting associations managed their attempts to control accounting education through strategies of co-operation, competition and conflict. It shows how (higher) education was not simply a passive recipient of demands by the professionalising associations. Instead, it manifested a robust institution which was supported by the state in establishing accounting education within its domain. Further, the paper offers evidence of (higher) education's capacity to negotiate arrangements with the accounting associations. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 121-143 Issue: 2 Volume: 15 Year: 2005 Keywords: Professionalism, control of accounting education, accounting education, occupational associations of accountants, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200500121140 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200500121140 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:15:y:2005:i:2:p:121-143 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marilo Capelo Bernal Author-X-Name-First: Marilo Capelo Author-X-Name-Last: Bernal Author-Name: Pedro Araujo Pinzon Author-X-Name-First: Pedro Araujo Author-X-Name-Last: Pinzon Author-Name: Concha Alvarez-Dardet Espejo Author-X-Name-First: Concha Alvarez-Dardet Author-X-Name-Last: Espejo Title: Accounting regulation, inertia and organisational self-perception: Double-entry adoption in a Spanish casa de comercio (1829-1852) Abstract: This paper analyses the influence exerted by compulsory mechanisms and cognitive and social factors on the adoption and implementation of double-entry bookkeeping. The study focuses on a small, commercial and family owned company located in Spain in the period 1829-1852. As our main conclusion we suggest that the adoption of double-entry bookkeeping in 1851 was influenced more by the managers' self-perception as traders, and the belief (internal and environmental) that the company must employ an accounting method appropriate to its new commercial status, than by State pressures derived from the enactment of a new accounting regulation in 1829. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 145-169 Issue: 2 Volume: 15 Year: 2005 Keywords: Double-entry bookkeeping, cognitive factors, institutional theory, accounting regulation, Spain, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200500121173 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200500121173 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:15:y:2005:i:2:p:145-169 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jordi Planas Author-X-Name-First: Jordi Author-X-Name-Last: Planas Author-Name: Enric Saguer Author-X-Name-First: Enric Author-X-Name-Last: Saguer Title: Accounting records of large rural estates and the dynamics of agriculture in Catalonia (Spain), 1850-1950 Abstract: In this article the agrarian accounts generated by the large rural estates of Catalonia (Spain) during the period between 1850 and 1950 are studied with a twofold objective. First of all, their formal characteristics and content are described and it is argued that the traits and variations observed are a consequence and reflection of the social conditions under which they were generated. Second, we evaluate the use which Catalan rural historiography has made recently of these documents in order to reconstruct the functioning and evolution of contemporary agriculture. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 171-185 Issue: 2 Volume: 15 Year: 2005 Keywords: Agrarian accounts, large estates, Catalonia, history, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200500121207 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200500121207 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:15:y:2005:i:2:p:171-185 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ian Smith Author-X-Name-First: Ian Author-X-Name-Last: Smith Author-Name: Trevor Boyns Author-X-Name-First: Trevor Author-X-Name-Last: Boyns Title: Scientific management and the pursuit of control in Britain to c.1960 Abstract: The intellectual content and intentions of scientific management theories, aimed at industrial performance and harmony, were largely absent from British management practice for a great part of the last century. The limited interpretation of scientific management in Britain was characterised by a focus on control, at the heart of which was the use of piecework. Criticisms of piecework surfaced notably in the 1960s, linked to criticisms of scientific management as a whole. This article argues that any failure of piecework was not necessarily a failure of scientific management, given the latter's diluted role in twentieth century British management practice. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 187-216 Issue: 2 Volume: 15 Year: 2005 Keywords: Scientific management, piecework, control, Britain, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200500121249 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200500121249 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:15:y:2005:i:2:p:187-216 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Malcolm Anderson Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson Title: Accounting history publications 2004 Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 217-221 Issue: 2 Volume: 15 Year: 2005 X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200500121280 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200500121280 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:15:y:2005:i:2:p:217-221 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lisa Evans Author-X-Name-First: Lisa Author-X-Name-Last: Evans Title: Editorial: Accounting history in the German language arena Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 229-233 Issue: 3 Volume: 15 Year: 2005 X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200500284146 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200500284146 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:15:y:2005:i:3:p:229-233 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Georg Vogeler Author-X-Name-First: Georg Author-X-Name-Last: Vogeler Title: Tax accounting in the late medieval German territorial states Abstract: This paper examines tax accounting in the late medieval German territorial states, where we find that tax accounting starts in an oral context. By the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, miscellaneous notes on taxes arising in various contexts were commonly augmented by wax tablets or tallies as practical devices to help operate the early taxation system. Later, the adoption of paper for record-keeping permitted the maintenance of independent tax accounts. Finally, specialist accounts were used as records as part of the auditing process and to serve, in the fifteenth century, as evidence of tax payments. This transition was associated with the shift away from proportional taxes (Quotitatssteuern) to scaled-down taxes (Repartitionssteuer). At the end of the fifteenth century, the regional German princes thus had available to them written information that provided a reliable source for estimating tax revenue which had the potential to contribute towards the creation of the modern state. In contrast, the Empire's attempt to tax all subjects by means of the so-called 'Common Penny' failed and left the Empire without an effective financial database. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 235-254 Issue: 3 Volume: 15 Year: 2005 Keywords: Tax accounting, Germany, later Middle Ages, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200500284153 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200500284153 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:15:y:2005:i:3:p:235-254 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Corinna Treisch Author-X-Name-First: Corinna Author-X-Name-Last: Treisch Title: Taxable treatment of the subsistence level of income in German Natural Law Abstract: Natural Law has influenced German tax theories up to the present day. It has also influenced the request for the subsistence level exemption and the granting of a basic allowance, which only developed their full persuasiveness when derived from Natural Law. This paper shows that Natural Law tax theory (mid 1600s to early 1800s), based the subsistence level tax exemption on the right to live, the individualistic state contract theory and the ability-to-pay principle. It also reveals that Adam Smith's view regarding ability-to-pay as a basis for taxation was already contained in British Natural Law and in older German traditions. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 255-278 Issue: 3 Volume: 15 Year: 2005 Keywords: Germany, taxable income, subsistence minimum, family taxation, Natural Law, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200500284187 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200500284187 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:15:y:2005:i:3:p:255-278 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Brigitte Eierle Author-X-Name-First: Brigitte Author-X-Name-Last: Eierle Title: Differential reporting in Germany - A historical analysis Abstract: Based on a contingent perspective of accounting change, this paper reviews the historical development of differential reporting in Germany, by drawing on primary and secondary sources. The main objective of the paper is to shed light on the driving forces and main influential parameters that have shaped the existing differential reporting framework. This historical approach supplies interesting insights for the current discussion on differential reporting in Germany produced by the EU Regulation on the application of International Accounting Standards. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 279-315 Issue: 3 Volume: 15 Year: 2005 Keywords: 'Contingent' model of accounting evolution, differential reporting, German accounting history, influential factors on accounting, little GAAP, relaxations for small and medium-sized entities, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200500284203 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200500284203 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:15:y:2005:i:3:p:279-315 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Reiner Quick Author-X-Name-First: Reiner Author-X-Name-Last: Quick Title: The formation and early development of German audit firms Abstract: This paper examines the emergence of audit firms in Germany through an analysis of contemporary sources. Special attention is paid to the range of services offered, their legal forms and ownership structure. In Germany, the demand for external audits developed because the corporate supervisory boards had been unable to fulfil their monitoring task satisfactorily. As a consequence of the major economic crisis of 1929-1931 and the collapse of large corporations caused by the fraudulent actions of managing directors, statutory audits for stock corporations were introduced in 1931. The first German audit and trust company, the Deutsche Treuhand-Gesellschaft, was established much earlier in 1890. Like other trust companies which emerged from 1905 onwards, it was owned by large banks. After the First World War, large commercial groups on the one hand, and the state on the other hand, started to form their own audit firms. Most of the audit and trust companies used the legal form of a corporation. Originally, the main activities of the trust companies were trustee activities and audits. Subsequently, they also offered tax and business advisory services. These features (a broad range of services offered, the corporation as the dominant legal form, and clients who are also owners) help us to understand key characteristics of modern German audit firms such as their limited liability to third parties. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 317-343 Issue: 3 Volume: 15 Year: 2005 Keywords: Audit firms, Deutsche Treuhand-Gesellschaft, types of service, legal forms, ownership structure, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200500284252 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200500284252 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:15:y:2005:i:3:p:317-343 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hans-Ulrich Kupper Author-X-Name-First: Hans-Ulrich Author-X-Name-Last: Kupper Author-Name: Richard Mattessich Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Mattessich Title: Twentieth century accounting research in the German language area Abstract: This paper consists of two parts. Part I, dealing with the first half of the twentieth century, begins with some introductory words on the pre-eminence of German accounting research during the first half of the twentieth century, and offers a survey of the most important theories of accounts classes that prevailed during the first two decades or longer. Following World War I, the issue of hyperinflation in Austria and Germany stimulated a considerable amount of original accounting research. Afterwards, a series of competing Bilanztheorien (accounting or balance sheet theories), discussed in the text, dominated the scene. Separate sections or sub-sections are devoted to charts and master-charts of accounts in German accounting theory, as well as to cost accounting and the writing of accounting history. Part II offers a survey of the second half of the twentieth century (occasionally with comparisons to research in the English language literature). Dynamic accounting, developed during the first half of the twentieth century, became the basis of a pagatoric (cash-based) accounting theory. In the 1970s and early 1980s relatively little attention was paid to inflation accounting, apart from research in capital maintenance. Accounting theories shifted towards the present value approach, and empirical studies began in the early 1960s and gathered momentum in the last two decades of the century. German accounting legislation was strongly influenced by the dominance of codified law, and by the standardization attempts within the European Economic Community. Consolidated statement presentation and auditing research also became prominent, while cost and managerial accounting continued to be major research areas. Competing costing approaches dominated the field, often based on production theoretical concepts. Marginal costing (occasionally together with mathematical programming) was further developed and a closer connection between cost accounting and investment theory was established. The introduction of information theory (and the closely related agency theory) into the German literature greatly influenced recent German accounting research. Historical research was, in contrast to the first half of the century, of minor importance. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 345-410 Issue: 3 Volume: 15 Year: 2005 Keywords: Germany, Switzerland, Austria, accounting research, twentieth century, X-DOI: 10.1080/0958520050084310 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0958520050084310 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:15:y:2005:i:3:p:345-410 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vivien Beattie Author-X-Name-First: Vivien Author-X-Name-Last: Beattie Author-Name: Elizabeth Davie Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth Author-X-Name-Last: Davie Title: Theoretical studies of the historical development of the accounting discipline: A review and evidence Abstract: Many existing studies of the development of accounting thought have either been atheoretical or have adopted Kuhn's model of scientific growth. The limitations of this 35-year-old model are discussed. Four different general neo-Kuhnian models of scholarly knowledge development are reviewed and compared with reference to an analytical matrix. The models are found to be mutually consistent, with each focusing on a different aspect of development. A composite model is proposed. Based on a hand-crafted database, author co-citation analysis is used to map empirically the entire literature structure of the accounting discipline during two consecutive time periods, 1972-81 and 1982-90. The changing structure of the accounting literature is interpreted using the proposed composite model of scholarly knowledge development. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 1-25 Issue: 1 Volume: 16 Year: 2006 Keywords: accounting theory, author co-citation analysis, history of accounting thought, scholarly knowledge development, theory closure, theory groups, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200500505490 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200500505490 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:16:y:2006:i:1:p:1-25 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ingrid Jeacle Author-X-Name-First: Ingrid Author-X-Name-Last: Jeacle Author-Name: Tom Brown Author-X-Name-First: Tom Author-X-Name-Last: Brown Title: The construction of the credible: Epistolary transformations and the origins of the business letter Abstract: The letter is the formal mechanism for communication in the business community. Even contemporary advances in electronic mail have not yet displaced the legitimacy invested in this form of correspondence. However, its very functionality has detached it from the fabric of its social history. This history locates its roots in early letter writing manuals and reveals an epistolary transition from fawning flattery to professional neutrality. The paper examines the history of this particular transformation and suggests its lasting influence in constructing notions of credibility around the contemporary business letter. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 27-43 Issue: 1 Volume: 16 Year: 2006 Keywords: Business credibility, business history, business letter, letter writing manuals, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200500505540 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200500505540 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:16:y:2006:i:1:p:27-43 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Janette Rutterford Author-X-Name-First: Janette Author-X-Name-Last: Rutterford Title: The merchant banker, the broker and the company chairman: A new issue case study Abstract: This paper explores the roles of a merchant banker, Everard Hambro, and the chairmen of two companies, Thames Iron and Trollope, Colls & Co., in the restructuring of their companies at the beginning of the twentieth century. Their correspondence provides evidence that the choice of corporate capital structure had little to do with company needs or risk characteristics. Instead, Hambro, in concert with stockbrokers, concentrated on ensuring that the securities issued conformed in amount, type and price to market norms, including the avoidance of stock watering. The company chairmen concentrated on ensuring that they retained control and that the new issues were deemed a success. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 45-68 Issue: 1 Volume: 16 Year: 2006 Keywords: Corporate finance, stock watering, underwriting, new issue, merchant bank history, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200500505722 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200500505722 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:16:y:2006:i:1:p:45-68 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Lloyd-jones Author-X-Name-First: R. Author-X-Name-Last: Lloyd-jones Author-Name: J. Maltby Author-X-Name-First: J. Author-X-Name-Last: Maltby Author-Name: M. J. Lewis Author-X-Name-First: M. J. Author-X-Name-Last: Lewis Author-Name: M. Matthews Author-X-Name-First: M. Author-X-Name-Last: Matthews Title: Corporate governance in a major British holding company: BSA in the interwar years Abstract: This paper uses a case study of BSA to examine corporate governance in a holding company during the interwar years. Recognised as generally progressive in its policy towards financial disclosure, nevertheless BSA attracted hostile criticism from its shareholders, showed little evidence of developing administrative coordination and provided limited detailed information concerning the performance of its subsidiaries. Voice did have an effect in changing the pattern of financial reporting, but even under the pressure of its banker, when financial circumstances deteriorated in the early 1930s, BSA was only prepared to change personnel while organisational structures remained in place. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 69-98 Issue: 1 Volume: 16 Year: 2006 Keywords: BSA, corporate governance, financial reporting, holding company, voice, exit, loyalty, administrative coordination, Midland Bank, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200500505698 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200500505698 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:16:y:2006:i:1:p:69-98 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Monica Keneley Author-X-Name-First: Monica Author-X-Name-Last: Keneley Title: Mortgages and bonds: The asset management practices of Australian life insurers to 1960 Abstract: Recent studies of the experience of the British life insurance industry indicate that a period of transition, and the development of more diversified investment strategies, began in the interwar period. Australian life insurers lagged behind their British counterparts in the introduction of such strategies. This paper investigates why this was the case. It argues that in the Australian market there was both a lack of opportunity and incentive to broaden asset portfolios. However, this did not mean that asset management practices did not advance. Australian life offices became progressively more sophisticated in their approach to portfolio management during this period. Developments in the interwar period provided a grounding for post-war expansion into the equity market. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 99-119 Issue: 1 Volume: 16 Year: 2006 Keywords: Life insurance, asset portfolio management, interwar period, diversification, Australia, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200500505599 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200500505599 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:16:y:2006:i:1:p:99-119 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. J. Lister Author-X-Name-First: R. J. Author-X-Name-Last: Lister Title: The composition of interest: The judaic prohibition Abstract: An interest charge is made up of an award for waiting known as the real rate of interest, a premium for risk and compensation for transaction costs. Where inflation exists the lender seeks further compensation. In order to understand the composition and evolution of different versions of the usury prohibition it is necessary to ask which components of an interest charge are prohibited by each version. The Judaic prohibition has two aspects which are of particular interest to business historians and students of usury. First, the general rule is that a reward for waiting is prohibited. This focuses on the time-based part of interest charge. Second, interest is prohibited because it amounts to placing a stumbling block before the blind. This focuses on the typical gullibility of the borrower confronted by a more expert, better funded lender. Economics confirms and enriches our understanding of these important aspects of the prohibition. They achieve this by increasing our understanding of two facts: first, that the borrower is a gullible individual subject to irrational and inconsistent behaviour; and, second, that this behaviour relates to the waiting aspect of interest which is proscribed in the prohibition. How far these insights apply to other civilisations' prohibition, particularly those which derive from the Judaic prohibition, merits further study; so also do the ethical lessons of the Mosaic rules for a globalised society based on capitalism. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 121-127 Issue: 1 Volume: 16 Year: 2006 Keywords: Discounting, ethics, interest, Judaism, risk, usury, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200500505623 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200500505623 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:16:y:2006:i:1:p:121-127 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Josephine Maltby Author-X-Name-First: Josephine Author-X-Name-Last: Maltby Author-Name: Janette Rutterford Author-X-Name-First: Janette Author-X-Name-Last: Rutterford Title: Editorial: Women, accounting and investment Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 133-142 Issue: 2 Volume: 16 Year: 2006 X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200600756134 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200600756134 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:16:y:2006:i:2:p:133-142 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Christine Wiskin Author-X-Name-First: Christine Author-X-Name-Last: Wiskin Title: Businesswomen and financial management: Three eighteenth-century case studies Abstract: This article considers how three English businesswomen managed the financial aspects of their enterprises in the 'long' eighteenth century. The discussion focuses on two areas: their ability to keep adequate records and their management of trade credit. Whereas earlier studies of women's credit transactions have argued for its specifically 'feminine' nature, it will be demonstrated that men and women conducted business credit dealings on gender neutral lines. Three case studies are presented to show that the success or failure of a woman's business depended on her commercial competence, not her gender. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 143-161 Issue: 2 Volume: 16 Year: 2006 Keywords: Businesswomen, eighteenth century, credit, Eleanor Coade, Boulton & Watt, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200600756175 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200600756175 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:16:y:2006:i:2:p:143-161 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stephen Walker Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Walker Title: Philanthropic women and accounting. Octavia Hill and the exercise of 'quiet power and sympathy' Abstract: Philanthropic work involved large numbers of middle-class women in the performance of accounting functions during the nineteenth century. This hitherto 'hidden' group of women accountants is explored through a biographical study of housing reformer Octavia Hill. It is revealed that in her early life Octavia Hill practised accounting as the manager of a craft workshop, college secretary and manager of a household. She also taught bookkeeping. Octavia Hill's application of accounting in housing management was founded on contemporary notions of order, hierarchical accountability, debt avoidance, the importance of detail and accuracy, and concepts of stewardship and trust. The manner in which Octavia Hill employed accounting as a technique of watching, disciplining and improving her tenants is also examined. There follows an analysis of the relationship between Octavia Hill's accounting and prevailing concepts of domesticity and gendered spheres. The importance of accounting in the feminised profession of housing management during the interwar period is also discussed. Other examples illustrative of the importance of accounting to women's philanthropic endeavour are alluded to. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 163-194 Issue: 2 Volume: 16 Year: 2006 Keywords: Accounting, women, philanthropy, housing management, nineteenth century, Octavia Hill, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200600756217 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200600756217 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:16:y:2006:i:2:p:163-194 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Black Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Black Title: War, women and accounting: Female staff in the UK Army Pay Department offices, 1914-1920 Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to highlight the pioneering role of women who were officially employed (albeit on a temporary basis) in accounting, clerical and management positions in the Army Pay Department (APD) offices in the UK from 1914 to 1920. The role of the APD offices was to manage the pay and allowances of soldiers of the British Army, using the 'Dover' system of military finance and accounting which had been introduced in 1905 along with the command structure of the Army Finance Branch. The flexible 'Dover' system coped with the unprecedented increase in bureaucracy as the strength of the army rose from 140,000 in 1914 to over 5 million by 1918. The mainstay of the survival and efficiency of the 'Dover' system was the employment of women in the APD establishments. Previous research involving the role of women in wartime has mainly focused on working-class women who worked within the munitions industry (Marwick, 1977; Braybon, 1981; Thom, 2000), although Zimmeck (1986: pp. 145-172) has previously researched into women who were employed by the General Post Office (GPO) and its Savings Bank Department from 1870 to 1914. No research has previously been conducted into the role of women employed in an accounting or clerical function within the army pay offices during the Great War. The wartime role of female staff employed in APD establishments, as with their women colleagues who worked in the munitions industry, relates to the concept of the Reserve Army of Labour. The 'feminisation' of accounting and bookkeeping (Anderson, 1986; Walker, 2003), did not occur until after the Great War. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 195-218 Issue: 2 Volume: 16 Year: 2006 Keywords: Women and accounting, First World War, feminisation of accounting, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200600756225 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200600756225 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:16:y:2006:i:2:p:195-218 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ann Carlos Author-X-Name-First: Ann Author-X-Name-Last: Carlos Author-Name: Karen Maguire Author-X-Name-First: Karen Author-X-Name-Last: Maguire Author-Name: Larry Neal Author-X-Name-First: Larry Author-X-Name-Last: Neal Title: Financial acumen, women speculators, and the Royal African company during the South Sea bubble Abstract: Price bubbles provide a unique opportunity to study the financial acumen of shareholders. We focus on the 1720 South Sea episode as experienced by the Royal African Company whose stock was more speculative than other joint stocks. During 1720 the company had a new large stock issue. This paper examines the financial acumen of those women who traded senior and engrafted stock across 1720. We find that depending on the pricing regime, these women at worst broke even on their activities or had positive speculative gains. Our findings are consistent with a growing literature on the positive link between gender, capital gains and financial markets. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 219-243 Issue: 2 Volume: 16 Year: 2006 Keywords: Financial markets, asset pricing, institutions, women investors, South Sea Bubble, Royal African Company, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200600756241 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200600756241 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:16:y:2006:i:2:p:219-243 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anne Laurence Author-X-Name-First: Anne Author-X-Name-Last: Laurence Title: Women investors, 'that nasty south sea affair' and the rage to speculate in early eighteenth-century England Abstract: The excursions of the five unmarried Hastings sisters and their widowed friend Jane Bonnell into the stock market show how changes in the availability of credit and the services offered by banks in the early eighteenth century had an impact on ordinary citizens. At the time of the South Sea Bubble all six bought South Sea shares through their bank. But their trading activities and investment strategies differed and had different outcomes, showing there are no easy associations between gender and ideas of risk or safe investment. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 245-264 Issue: 2 Volume: 16 Year: 2006 Keywords: Women, South Sea Bubble, stock market, Hoare's Bank, Lady Betty Hastings, Jane Bonnell, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200600756274 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200600756274 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:16:y:2006:i:2:p:245-264 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Freeman Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Freeman Author-Name: Robin Pearson Author-X-Name-First: Robin Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson Author-Name: James Taylor Author-X-Name-First: James Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor Title: 'A doe in the city': Women shareholders in eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century Britain Abstract: This paper investigates the role of women as shareholders in joint stock companies, and how far they can be characterised as active investors. It is based on a large database of company constitutions, together with procedural records and the pamphlet literature of the period. The penetration by women of the private sphere of investment did not always extend to the more public sphere of participation at shareholder meetings. Literary representations of women as speculators reinforced such boundaries. While the separate spheres may have been blurred, considerable limitations were set on the extent to which female shareholders could participate fully in the governance of joint stock companies. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 265-291 Issue: 2 Volume: 16 Year: 2006 Keywords: Women and finance, joint stock companies, shareholders, corporate governance, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200600756282 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200600756282 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:16:y:2006:i:2:p:265-291 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Leanne Johns Author-X-Name-First: Leanne Author-X-Name-Last: Johns Title: The first female shareholders of the bank of New South Wales: Examination of shareholdings in Australia's first bank, 1817-1824 Abstract: This paper examines female shareholdings in Australia's first bank, the Bank of New South Wales. Existing descriptions of colonial women have portrayed them generally as domestic servants, farmhands, prostitutes or wives and mothers, rather than as businesswomen or investors. But by 1823 the number of female shareholders represented 31 per cent, almost one-third, of total shareholders. Nevertheless, it seems that women were unable to take advantage of this potentially powerful position. Although they were allowed proxy votes, these could only be exercised by male shareholders. Thus, male shareholders acquired extra voting power through use of female shareholders' proxies, and seemingly employed the extra votes particularly when there were crucial or 'political' decisions to be made. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 293-314 Issue: 2 Volume: 16 Year: 2006 Keywords: Shareholders, women in banking, colonial banks, corporate governance, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200600756308 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200600756308 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:16:y:2006:i:2:p:293-314 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lucy Newton Author-X-Name-First: Lucy Author-X-Name-Last: Newton Author-Name: Philip Cottrell Author-X-Name-First: Philip Author-X-Name-Last: Cottrell Title: Female investors in the first english and Welsh commercial joint-stock banks Abstract: The 1826 Banking Act was passed to strengthen the banking sector. It allowed the establishment of joint-stock banks in England and Wales outside a 65-mile radius of Charing Cross, London. Institutions formed under this legislation could have an unrestricted number of partners but they did not enjoy the privilege of limited liability. This article examines the extent of female investors in joint-stock banks formed under the 1826 Act. Analysis of shareholdings found that female investors were in a minority yet their holdings in aggregate increased over time. They were primarily widows and spinsters, who collectively became significant in the emerging national financial securities market. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 315-340 Issue: 2 Volume: 16 Year: 2006 Keywords: Women, shareholders, investors, joint-stock banks, unlimited liability, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200600756316 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200600756316 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:16:y:2006:i:2:p:315-340 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Magnus Lindmark Author-X-Name-First: Magnus Author-X-Name-Last: Lindmark Author-Name: Lars-Fredrik Andersson Author-X-Name-First: Lars-Fredrik Author-X-Name-Last: Andersson Author-Name: Mike Adams Author-X-Name-First: Mike Author-X-Name-Last: Adams Title: The Evolution and Development of the Swedish Insurance Market Abstract: In this paper we provide an overview of the historical development of the insurance market in Sweden from the eighteenth century up to modern times. We consider theoretical perspectives drawn from the economics and political regulation literature that might help to explain important institutional features of the market - in particular, its oligopoly structure, the lack of foreign participation and the significant presence of mutual forms of organisation. We also offer a prognosis as to the current challenges and prospects of the Swedish insurance market in an increasingly competitive and global market. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 341-370 Issue: 3 Volume: 16 Year: 2006 Keywords: Sweden, insurance, economic history, economic theory, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200600969398 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200600969398 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:16:y:2006:i:3:p:341-370 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Amanda Fitzgibbons Author-X-Name-First: Amanda Author-X-Name-Last: Fitzgibbons Title: The Financial Sector and Deregulation in Australia: Drivers of Reform or Reluctant Followers? Abstract: This paper argues that contrary to capture theory, a key feature of financial deregulation in Australia was the lack of support from financial sector interest groups. An examination of the Campbell Inquiry (1979-1981) reveals that deregulation was not initiated by either the regulated banks or unregulated non-bank financial institutions (NBFIs). In fact, both groups were resistant to change prior to the establishment of the Inquiry. During the Inquiry, neither group advocated wide-ranging deregulation, preferring the retention of many financial regulations. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 371-387 Issue: 3 Volume: 16 Year: 2006 Keywords: Financial deregulation, banks, non-bank financial institutions, Campbell Inquiry, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200600969455 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200600969455 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:16:y:2006:i:3:p:371-387 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tom Mclean Author-X-Name-First: Tom Author-X-Name-Last: Mclean Author-Name: Thomas Tyson Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Author-X-Name-Last: Tyson Title: Standard Costs, Standard Costing and the Introduction of Scientific Management and New Technology into the Post-Second World War Sunderland Shipbuilding Industry Abstract: In their study of the shipbuilding, engineering and metals industries of the West of Scotland, c. 1900-1960, Fleming et al. (2000: p. 196) concluded that 'standard costing and budgetary control hardly made any impact at all in the engineering-related industries of the West of Scotland and that this … was correlated with the non-adoption of Scientific Management'. Fleming et al. encouraged further research to determine if this pattern of adoption was replicated elsewhere during the period. In this manner, the current research focuses on the post-Second World War development of standard costs and standard costing in Sunderland, a shipbuilding town of international importance on the north-east coast of England. Although the availability of company archives is somewhat limited, we nevertheless found evidence that at least one leading shipbuilding firm undertook major modernisation and reorganisation programmes, comprising the adoption of the new technology of welding, during the study period. Allied with these radical changes, the firm employed scientific management methods and utilised standard costs, but it did not employ full systems of standard costing and variance analysis. These costing developments were built into shipbuilders' traditional information systems based on the use of cost and output curves. However, the craft administration of production remained common in many shipbuilding firms and precluded developments in scientific management and standard costing. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 389-417 Issue: 3 Volume: 16 Year: 2006 Keywords: Scientific management, standard costs, standard costing, shipbuilding, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200600969505 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200600969505 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:16:y:2006:i:3:p:389-417 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Quail Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Quail Title: Accounting's Motive Power - the Vision and Reality for Management Accounting on the Nationalised Railways to 1959 Abstract: A financial crisis had engulfed the UK's nationalised railways by 1960. This, and the subsequent retrenchment identified with Dr Beeching, has obscured determined and coherent earlier attempts to install modern methods of management accounting on the nationalised railways in the 1940s and 1950s. This paper sets out the attempted development of these techniques which were sponsored by the highest level of railway management and the defeat of these attempts in practice by the railways' organisational structure and culture. The conclusion is reached that, to be effective, new administrative techniques have to operate in compatible organisational and power structures. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 419-446 Issue: 3 Volume: 16 Year: 2006 Keywords: Management accounting, nationalised railways, management structures, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200600969513 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200600969513 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:16:y:2006:i:3:p:419-446 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Basil Yamey Author-X-Name-First: Basil Author-X-Name-Last: Yamey Title: Duplicate Accounting Records: Historical Notes Abstract: According to some of the earliest printed expositions of bookkeeping and accounts, a businessman might keep two ledgers pertaining to the same set of transactions. The second ledger could be an exact copy of the original ledger, to be available if the latter were lost or destroyed. Or, one of the ledgers could be a distorted version of the original, designed to deceive and defraud. Other uses of duplicate ledgers are also considered in this article. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 447-455 Issue: 3 Volume: 16 Year: 2006 Keywords: Accounting history, Luca Pacioli, Lodovico Flori, accounting fraud, aspects of early double-entry bookkeeping, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200600969554 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200600969554 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:16:y:2006:i:3:p:447-455 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Malcolm Anderson Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson Title: Accounting History Publications 2005 Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 457-462 Issue: 3 Volume: 16 Year: 2006 X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200600969562 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200600969562 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:16:y:2006:i:3:p:457-462 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lino Cinquini Author-X-Name-First: Lino Author-X-Name-Last: Cinquini Author-Name: Alessandro Marelli Author-X-Name-First: Alessandro Author-X-Name-Last: Marelli Title: Accounting History Research in Italy, 1990-2004: An Introduction Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 1-9 Issue: 1 Volume: 17 Year: 2007 X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200601127509 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200601127509 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:17:y:2007:i:1:p:1-9 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Francesco Poddighe Author-X-Name-First: Francesco Author-X-Name-Last: Poddighe Author-Name: Stefano Coronella Author-X-Name-First: Stefano Author-X-Name-Last: Coronella Author-Name: Salvatore Madonna Author-X-Name-First: Salvatore Author-X-Name-Last: Madonna Author-Name: Enrico Deidda Gagliardo Author-X-Name-First: Enrico Deidda Author-X-Name-Last: Gagliardo Title: Francesco Marchi and the Development of Logismology Abstract: This study aims to provide an outline of the contribution made by Francesco Marchi to the personalistic theory of accounts in the context of the evolution of the language of logismology. In particular, our attention is focused on the increase in the quality of the theoretical arguments in this field made possible by the innovative contribution provided by Marchi which, for the first time, made logismology the object of a systematic and structured analysis. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 11-32 Issue: 1 Volume: 17 Year: 2007 Keywords: Francesco Marchi, logismology, personalistic theory of accounting, Italian accounting history, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200601127558 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200601127558 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:17:y:2007:i:1:p:11-32 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Raffaele Fiume Author-X-Name-First: Raffaele Author-X-Name-Last: Fiume Title: Lorenzo de Minico's Thought in the Development of Accounting Theory in Italy: An Understated Contribution Abstract: The first decades of the twentieth century were years of innovation for Italian accounting theory: a new scientific approach, the Economia aziendale, was developed and affirmed as the dominant paradigm. Among its main ideas were new concepts of capital and income, strongly influenced by Irving Fisher. The analysis of Lorenzo de Minico's entire scientific output demonstrates that he played a significant role in the 'revolution' which history credits almost exclusively to Gino Zappa. A critical methodological issue is confirmed: the lack of completeness in doing accounting history might lead to imprecise or incomplete knowledge of the evolution of accounting. Furthermore, this article tries to demonstrate that the structure of the real economy has played an important role in the assimilation of international theories in Italy, leading accounting theory in that country to be quite far removed from the Anglo-American approach. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 33-52 Issue: 1 Volume: 17 Year: 2007 Keywords: Early twentieth century, Italy, capital, income, economic value of capital model, flows of services, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200601127608 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200601127608 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:17:y:2007:i:1:p:33-52 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrea Melis Author-X-Name-First: Andrea Author-X-Name-Last: Melis Title: Financial Statements and Positive Accounting Theory: The Early Contribution of Aldo Amaduzzi Abstract: This paper examines some of the accounting ideas that were developed in the late 1940s by an Italian professor, Aldo Amaduzzi, with regards to positive accounting studies and the content of financial statements. The paper briefly reviews the aim, methodological assumptions and key findings of the so-called 'positive accounting theory' based on the works of the Rochester school of accounting. A content analysis of the early work of Amaduzzi, in relation to his view that the contents of financial statements can be seen as the equilibrium outcome of a conflict of interests between corporate stakeholders, shows that many of the methodological issues on accounting theory stressed by the 'Rochester school of accounting' were raised by Amaduzzi (1947, 1949). The paper concludes that although some key differences between the two approaches do exist, Amaduzzi may be considered as a forerunner of positive accounting theory. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 53-62 Issue: 1 Volume: 17 Year: 2007 Keywords: Positive accounting theory, accounting history, financial statements, conflict of interests, Italy, stakeholder theory, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200601127640 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200601127640 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:17:y:2007:i:1:p:53-62 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alessandro Giosi Author-X-Name-First: Alessandro Author-X-Name-Last: Giosi Title: Considerations on the Evolution of the National Budget Functions: From Internal Relevance to External Value Abstract: The paper is concerned with the interrelationship between the national budget, the role of the State in the economy and the public financial situation existing during different historical periods beginning with the unification of Italy. The paper examines the functions of the national budget during the Liberal, Corporatist and Republican periods, and how these have changed as a result of institutional changes, and developments in the socio-economic situation which have influenced economic policy. We focus particularly on the public accountancy reform of 1923-1924 which, in combination with administrative reform, contained some important innovations. The system that emerged is found to have been clearly connected with that of the previous period, the innovations being based on the tenets of liberal ideology and the efficiency of the public administration. In this context the centralisation of the General Accounting Office in 1923 is seen as the result of actions begun during an earlier period. On the other hand, the national budget continued to carry out the functions of regulating the relationship between the various sections of the Government. Nevertheless, although the necessity was felt at this time to control the financial flows, it is only with the advent of the Republican State that the budget takes on an instrumental role in influencing the economy. During the Republican period, the relationship between the institutions and the economy changed, with public finance becoming the hub of economic development and the national budget developing a new function, with the use of government spending for macroeconomic purposes. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 63-85 Issue: 1 Volume: 17 Year: 2007 Keywords: Italy, public accountancy, national budget, economic history, audit system, deficit spending, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200601127673 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200601127673 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:17:y:2007:i:1:p:63-85 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Riccardo Mussari Author-X-Name-First: Riccardo Author-X-Name-Last: Mussari Author-Name: Michela Magliacani Author-X-Name-First: Michela Author-X-Name-Last: Magliacani Title: Agricultural Accounting in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries: The Case of the Noble Rucellai Family Farm in Campi Abstract: This paper was inspired by the discovery of some accounting books relating to the 'Rucellai' Family Farm (in Tuscany), and examines accounting in proprietorship farming in the nineteenth century. By conducting a source recognition, it was possible to demonstrate the role of agricultural accounting in the management control process. The authors first trace the historical context and accounting theory which characterised Tuscan rural areas during the nineteen and twentieth centuries, then utilises the Family Farm book to analyse agricultural accounting practices. From this analysis also emerges the important role of the farmer as administrator, who was held accountable for the yield of the estate. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 87-103 Issue: 1 Volume: 17 Year: 2007 Keywords: Agricultural accounting, single-entry bookkeeping, sharecropping, accountability relationships, farm management, Tuscany, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200601127723 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200601127723 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:17:y:2007:i:1:p:87-103 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stefano Zambon Author-X-Name-First: Stefano Author-X-Name-Last: Zambon Author-Name: Luca Zan Author-X-Name-First: Luca Author-X-Name-Last: Zan Title: Controlling Expenditure, or the Slow Emergence of Costing at the Venice Arsenal, 1586-1633 Abstract: This paper aims to aid our understanding of the emergence of accounting as a control instrument in complex proto-industrial settings, through its perceived capacity of mirroring the production process. The paper starts off from an archival document, the 1586 deliberation by the Venetian Senate, which imposed on the Arsenal a stocktaking to be conducted every three years, and ad hoc galley production accounts to be kept in double entry format, where the passage of materials and work-in-process between units were recorded both in physical quantity and value. In this deliberation the Venetian Senate was clearly posing explicitly the problem of costing and the efficient use of resources within the Arsenal. Until then, the Senate controlled this organisation only by limiting the funds allocated to activities (wages, oars, 'stuffs') without entering into the substance of the operations. Two interrelated investigations are carried out. First, a content analysis of the 1586 document is made. Second, the question of its 'impact' on the Arsenal's actual accounting practices is addressed. In a 1633 Report by Alvise Molin, a magistrate of the Republic, some elements of the 1586 deliberation seem to surface, insofar as a quite sophisticated calculation of the production costs of galleys is provided. In this sense it might well be that the notion of cost emerged as a sort of 'accidental by-product' of the Senate's efforts aimed at introducing tighter forms of control on the Arsenal. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 105-128 Issue: 1 Volume: 17 Year: 2007 Keywords: Venice Arsenal, accounting history, management history, public sector, costing evolution, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200601127731 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200601127731 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:17:y:2007:i:1:p:105-128 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Arnaldo Canziani Author-X-Name-First: Arnaldo Author-X-Name-Last: Canziani Title: Survival and Growth in Joint-Stock Banking Oligopolies. Lessons from the Crises of 1917-1923 on the Role of Competitors and Politics Abstract: The Italian joint-stock banking system has faced three main crises: in 1897, with the demise of Societa Generale Italiana di Credito Mobiliare (Pantaleoni, 1936); in 1921-1923, with the crisis of two of the four main joint-stock banks, Banca Italiana di Sconto (Falchero, 1990) and Banco di Roma (De'; Stefani, 1960; De Rosa, 1982-1983); and, in 1931-1933, with the disappearance of both the renewed Banco di Roma and the remaining two joint-stock banks, Banca Commerciale Italiana and Credito Italiano (De Rosa, 1982-1983; Confalonieri, 1994). After a brief examination of the nature of the Italian banking system on the eve of the First World War and the post-war economic situation, this paper examines in detail the crisis of the 'mixed' banking system in Italy of 1921-1923. The problems faced by the Banca Italiana di Sconto and the Banco di Roma are interpreted from the perspectives of oligopoly theory and the influence of politics. This approach is informed by a new reading of the documentary evidence, integrated with unpublished or neglected material. The paper also considers the role of the State, in relation to special legislation, and the macroeconomic costs suffered by the Treasury, together with the problems of the equilibria of joint-stock banking, banking liquidity, inter-bank competition, and monetary politics, both during and after the crises. The paper concludes with some lessons that can be learnt from the crises in terms of economic policy, primarily in the banking and monetary fields, in the light of the interactions with the political world. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 129-163 Issue: 1 Volume: 17 Year: 2007 Keywords: Joint-stock banking, bank crises, bank rescues, Italy, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200601127764 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200601127764 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:17:y:2007:i:1:p:129-163 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Valerio Antonelli Author-X-Name-First: Valerio Author-X-Name-Last: Antonelli Author-Name: Raffaele D'alessio Author-X-Name-First: Raffaele Author-X-Name-Last: D'alessio Author-Name: Giuseppe Iuliano Author-X-Name-First: Giuseppe Author-X-Name-Last: Iuliano Title: Art and Accounting History: The Teatro San Carlo of Naples, 1737-1786 Abstract: Situated in the centre of Naples, the Teatro San Carlo (TSC) was founded in 1737 by the Bourbon Crown during the Reign of the Two Sicilies (one of the several states into which Italy was divided in the eighteenth century), The theatre immediately became an object of admiration and was soon held to be without equal for the perfection of its acoustics. Its original project was described in the Encyclopedie by Diderot as a prime example of a modern theatre. The TSC was one of the most important theatres of Europe in the eighteenth century thanks to its opera buffas, ballets, comedies and operas. This paper examines developments in the management system (private vs. public), the organisational structure, the artistic and administrative activities as well as the accounting practices of the TSC during a period of approximately fifty years (from 1737 to 1786). Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 165-186 Issue: 1 Volume: 17 Year: 2007 Keywords: Charge and discharge accounting, private management, public management, theatre, the Kingdom of Naples, eighteenth century, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200601127822 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200601127822 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:17:y:2007:i:1:p:165-186 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Maria Bergamin Barbato Author-X-Name-First: Maria Bergamin Author-X-Name-Last: Barbato Author-Name: Chiara Mio Author-X-Name-First: Chiara Author-X-Name-Last: Mio Title: Accounting and the Development of Management Control in the Cultural Sphere: The Case of the Venice Biennale Abstract: The Venice Biennale, founded in 1893, is situated within the cultural sphere, covering work ranging from art, architecture, dance, music and theatre to cinema (the world-known 'Venice Film Festival'). Throughout its life, the Biennale has experienced very troubled times, being involved in controversy, as well as undergoing significant legal and organisational changes, in particular, the transition from a public body to private one at the end of the 1990s. Dramatic changes have also affected the accounting data collection system utilised by the Biennale, which has developed from a system concerned with providing information for fulfilling specific legal provisions to one comprising a subsystem which has progressively evolved to aid the corporate strategic decision-making process. This paper critically and systematically reviews the evolution of the accounting system and management control within the Biennale. It will examine how new information requirements over the years have driven the information-accounting system to change and, in turn, how the system has been influenced by the historical setting within which the decisions were made. We also provide some thoughts regarding the future development of such systems. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 187-208 Issue: 1 Volume: 17 Year: 2007 Keywords: Art exhibitions, budgets, stakeholders, corporate governance, information systems, management control in an art organisation, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200601127871 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200601127871 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:17:y:2007:i:1:p:187-208 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lino Cinquini Author-X-Name-First: Lino Author-X-Name-Last: Cinquini Title: Fascist Corporative Economy and Accounting in Italy during the Thirties: Exploring the Relations between a Totalitarian Ideology and Business Studies Abstract: In the last century the fascist era in Italy continued for more than 20 years, ending with the conclusion of the Second World War. This paper explores how the strong ideological commitment of Fascism, in contrast to liberal ideologies of democracy and free market, operated within the field of accounting and business studies at the pinnacle of the dictatorship experience (the thirties). The totalitarian regime called for the transformation of society and the economic system by introducing an alternative corporative economy, planned and regulated but without abolishing private enterprises. The degree of adhesion to the 'corporative' ideology on the part of academics, the influence on subjects and on further development of Italian accounting and business research are investigated and discussed. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 209-240 Issue: 2 Volume: 17 Year: 2007 Keywords: Fascist ideology, corporative economy, accounting, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200701376550 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200701376550 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:17:y:2007:i:2:p:209-240 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Julie Cooper Author-X-Name-First: Julie Author-X-Name-Last: Cooper Title: Debating Accounting Principles and Policies: the Case of Goodwill, 1880-1921 Abstract: Debate surrounding the publication of FRS 10 (ASB, 1997) in the UK displayed support for a variety of accounting policies for goodwill, advocated for a variety of practical and conceptual reasons. An analysis of papers written on goodwill between 1884 and 1921 explores whether this lack of unanimity is a recent phenomenon or not. The paper concludes that during this earlier period there were a number of areas of agreement regarding goodwill but, although a majority of authorities favoured a capitalise/amortise policy, there was a significant difference of opinion relating to its treatment once recorded in the accounts. Analysis also suggests that advocated policies were derived from a desire to promote and operationalise the principle of prudence. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 241-264 Issue: 2 Volume: 17 Year: 2007 Keywords: Goodwill, profit measurement, prudence, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200701376568 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200701376568 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:17:y:2007:i:2:p:241-264 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Warwick Funnell Author-X-Name-First: Warwick Author-X-Name-Last: Funnell Title: The Reason Why: The English Constitution and the Latent Promise of Liberty in the History of Accounting Abstract: In 1215 Magna Carta determined freedom from executive oppression, or liberty, as the essential principle of the English Constitution and parliament as the bulwark against executive attempts to diminish the liberty of individuals. This constitutional precedence of liberty was confirmed after the Revolution in 1688 by the constitutional settlement which strengthened the financial accountability of the executive to parliament. Regular accounting for military expenditures especially became a critical component of the new accountability measures. Despite the overwhelming significance of liberty for the English Constitution and the contributions of accounting to preserving liberty, public sector accounting continues to attract few accounting historians. As a consequence, the vast historical resources contained in British Parliamentary Papers and the records of parliamentary debates continue to go largely unnoticed by all but a few accounting historians. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 265-283 Issue: 2 Volume: 17 Year: 2007 Keywords: Public sector accounting research, English Constitution, British Parliamentary Papers, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200701376618 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200701376618 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:17:y:2007:i:2:p:265-283 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Brian A. Rutherford Author-X-Name-First: Brian A. Author-X-Name-Last: Rutherford Title: A Possibilitarian History of Price Change Accounting in the UK: 1971-1985 Abstract: This paper offers a 'possibilitarian' analysis of the history of price change accounting in the UK, exploring how events might have turned out differently at a number of key nodal points. It argues that a stable current cost accounting regime could have been established significantly before SSAP16 was in fact adopted or, alternately, that the retreat from SSAP16 could have been managed in a way that would have maintained compliance with current cost accounting. Had a substantial period of widespread compliance within a stable regime eventuated, a quite different dynamic might have emerged, including significant user pressure to maintain current cost accounting, thereby underpinning the regime and leading to its long-term survival. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 285-312 Issue: 2 Volume: 17 Year: 2007 Keywords: Accounting Standards Committee, alternative history, counterfactuals, current cost accounting, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200701376642 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200701376642 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:17:y:2007:i:2:p:285-312 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stephane Trebucq Author-X-Name-First: Stephane Author-X-Name-Last: Trebucq Title: Minority Shareholders and Auditors: A Brief History of a Litigious French Merger Abstract: The case of a French merger can be used to better understand the nature of conflicts of interest and cognitive conflicts between accountants, shareholders, lawyers and judges. This is especially the case when exchange ratios are unfairly established. When caught in a situation of asymmetric information, minority shareholders try to obtain more information about the auditors' report through judicial proceedings. The financial knowledge possessed by the judge then becomes a necessary condition for shareholders to be protected. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 313-332 Issue: 2 Volume: 17 Year: 2007 Keywords: Auditor, minority shareholder, merger, trial, exchange ratio, fairness opinion, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200701376667 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200701376667 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:17:y:2007:i:2:p:313-332 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thomas Lee Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: American Accountants in 1880 Abstract: Although much has been written about the foundation and maturation of the early US public accountancy profession, little is known about the community of American accountants that existed prior to the main foundational events of the 1880s and 1890s. Using data extracted from the 1880 US Census, this study provides a contextualised review of American accountants in that year. Contextual factors include the population and manufacturing economy of the US in 1880, and other accounting service providers such as auditors and bookkeepers. The study reveals a very small community of accountants relative to the US population and manufacturing economy, occupational and economic distinctions between accountants, auditors and bookkeepers, little evidence of public accountancy as a significant occupation, the presence of a small female subset of the accountant community, and a significant proportion of accountants associated with lower socio-economic classifications and immigration. The evidence of the study is consistent with contemporary comments recorded by British public accountants and American bookkeepers. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 333-354 Issue: 3 Volume: 17 Year: 2007 Keywords: Accountant, auditor, bookkeeper, clerk, occupation, profession, public accountancy, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200701609554 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200701609554 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:17:y:2007:i:3:p:333-354 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lynne Oats Author-X-Name-First: Lynne Author-X-Name-Last: Oats Author-Name: Pauline Sadler Author-X-Name-First: Pauline Author-X-Name-Last: Sadler Title: Securing the Repeal of a Tax on the 'raw material of thought' Abstract: When first introduced in 1712, and throughout the eighteenth century, the stamp duty on newspapers was primarily intended as a revenue raising measure with censorship as a subsidiary, but not unintended, by-product (Sadler & Oats, 2002). In the nineteenth century the stamp duty became known, more justifiably, as a 'tax on knowledge' and it was increasingly criticised as being an overt form of censorship. A campaign in the 1830s to have the tax repealed resulted in a compromise, in 1836, in the form of a significant reduction in the duty from 4d to 1d per half sheet of newspaper. The stamp duty was eventually repealed in 1855, largely as a result of the activities of 'The Newspaper Stamp Abolition Committee', a campaign run on different lines to that of the 1830s. This paper examines this second abolition campaign, which adopted unusual tactics in pursuit of the repeal of the tax. It demonstrates the tensions between social reformers and business interests in securing the repeal of a dysfunctional tax. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 355-373 Issue: 3 Volume: 17 Year: 2007 Keywords: Taxation, tax on knowledge, newspaper history, Chartism, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200701609562 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200701609562 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:17:y:2007:i:3:p:355-373 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Patrick Fridenson Author-X-Name-First: Patrick Author-X-Name-Last: Fridenson Title: The Bilateral Relationship between Accounting History and Business History: A French Perspective Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 375-380 Issue: 3 Volume: 17 Year: 2007 X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200701609570 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200701609570 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:17:y:2007:i:3:p:375-380 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Malcolm Anderson Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson Author-Name: John Richard Edwards Author-X-Name-First: John Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards Author-Name: Roy Chandler Author-X-Name-First: Roy Author-X-Name-Last: Chandler Title: 'A Public Expert in Matters of Account': Defining the Chartered Accountant in England and Wales Abstract: This study addresses the attempts by the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales (ICAEW) to set its professional boundaries based on the performance of work in order to create a definition of the specialist chartered accountant or 'public expert in matters of account'. The article, located in the 1880-1900 period, provides an insight into the activities and arenas in which chartered accountants could engage. The complexities associated with this demarcation between permissible and non-permissible activities, revealed through a series of 'test cases', were exacerbated by the 'grandfather clauses' contained in the ICAEW's Royal Charter. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 381-423 Issue: 3 Volume: 17 Year: 2007 Keywords: ICAEW, professionalisation, grandfather clauses, permissible activities, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200701609588 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200701609588 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:17:y:2007:i:3:p:381-423 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robert Bloom Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Bloom Title: Spacek's Contributions to Accounting Thought Revisited Abstract: While he was managing partner and chair of Arthur Andersen in the l950s and 1960s, Leonard Spacek was an outspoken critic of public accounting, complaining about its failure to establish a coherent set of objectives for financial statements, its illogical principles and methods, and its principle-setting process. He was the conscience of the public accounting community during this time period, a critic from within. As far as Spacek was concerned, 'fairness' was the central objective of financial reporting, though he never specifically defined the term. In light of the recent high-profile corporate and accounting scandals, including Enron and World.com, both of which were audited by Arthur Andersen, it is useful to analyse Spacek's ideas on the public role of accounting from his speeches and writings with emphasis on the theme of fairness. Given the firm's long-term commitment to quality audits, it was ironic that Andersen fell victim to these scandals. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 425-443 Issue: 3 Volume: 17 Year: 2007 Keywords: Accounting court, accounting principles, accounting profession, accountability, audit report, fairness, financial reporting, independence, standard setting, truthfulness, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200701609596 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200701609596 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:17:y:2007:i:3:p:425-443 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Neil Robson Author-X-Name-First: Neil Author-X-Name-Last: Robson Title: Adapting not Adopting: 1958 - 74. Accounting and Managerial 'Reform' in the Early NHS Abstract: This paper examines accounting and managerial reform in the public sector National Health Service (NHS) hospitals in the UK from 1958-74. This period is often regarded as one of 'consolidation' (Klein, 1995; Webster, 1998) after the 'turmoil' of the early years of the NHS, though there were a number of attempts to improve 'efficiency' through initiatives largely rooted in commercial practice. There was a deeply embedded respect for local self governance rather than central 'command and control' (Harrison, 1988; Klein, 1995) and more ambitious reforms were avoided. Accounting practitioners and senior civil servants appeared to be content to adjust existing accounting processes rather than embrace major change. The paper concludes with a review of possible factors mitigating against more radical accounting innovation. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 445-467 Issue: 3 Volume: 17 Year: 2007 Keywords: Accounting change, hospital accounting, hospital costing, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200701609620 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200701609620 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:17:y:2007:i:3:p:445-467 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Derek Matthews Author-X-Name-First: Derek Author-X-Name-Last: Matthews Title: Book Review Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 469-471 Issue: 3 Volume: 17 Year: 2007 X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200701609653 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200701609653 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:17:y:2007:i:3:p:469-471 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Oldroyd Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Oldroyd Title: Book Review Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 473-475 Issue: 3 Volume: 17 Year: 2007 X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200701609687 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200701609687 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:17:y:2007:i:3:p:473-475 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ciaran O Hogartaigh Author-X-Name-First: Ciaran O Author-X-Name-Last: Hogartaigh Title: 'Ar scath a cheile a mhaireann na daoine' - shadow and shade in Irish accounting history Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 1-6 Issue: 1 Volume: 18 Year: 2008 X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200701824708 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200701824708 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:18:y:2008:i:1:p:1-6 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Margaret o Hogartaigh Author-X-Name-First: Margaret o Author-X-Name-Last: Hogartaigh Title: Irish accounting, business and financial history: a bibliographical essay Abstract: Historians have engaged with accounting and business archives primarily in the areas of social and economic history. While much economic and social history draws on macro-economic data, micro-level sources have cast new light on old historical problems such as the Great Famine (1845-51) and the development of trade in Ireland and between Ireland and abroad. This paper traces the contributions of historians of Ireland to our understanding of accounting, business and financial history and maps out potential areas of research for accounting and business historians in the light of earlier and current trends in historical research. Adopting a historians' perspective, the paper will also provide a historical background and suggest potential bibliographical and archival sources to present and future accounting and business historians with a view to enhancing and enriching our understanding of the context in which accounting and business is situated in Ireland. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 7-19 Issue: 1 Volume: 18 Year: 2008 Keywords: accounting, bibliography, business, economics, history, Ireland, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200701824716 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200701824716 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:18:y:2008:i:1:p:7-19 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Peter Clarke Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Clarke Title: The teaching of bookkeeping in nineteenth-century Ireland Abstract: A pioneering paper by O hOgartaigh, C. and O hOgartaigh, M. (2006) 'Sophisters, economists and calculators': pre-professional accounting education in eighteenth-century Ireland, Irish Accounting Review 13, no. 2: 63-74, suggests that the teaching of bookkeeping in hedge schools in Ireland during the eighteenth century is indicative of a pre-professional period of accounting education. The objective of this paper is to extend the time period and to investigate, using a combination of primary and secondary sources, the teaching of bookkeeping during the nineteenth century and primarily within the national schools that were established in 1831. This paper argues that a knowledge of bookkeeping was an important attribute for gaining employment and therefore an important source of social mobility for Irish Catholics during this period. Also, the knowledge of bookkeeping (together with a familiarity with the English language, on which this teaching was based) would have been a valuable resource for some of the five million people who emigrated to England and America during the nineteenth century. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 21-33 Issue: 1 Volume: 18 Year: 2008 Keywords: Ireland, history, accounting, bookkeeping, education, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200701824732 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200701824732 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:18:y:2008:i:1:p:21-33 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Philip O'regan Author-X-Name-First: Philip Author-X-Name-Last: O'regan Title: 'Elevating the profession': the Institute of Chartered Accountants in Ireland and the implementation of social closure strategies 1888-1909 Abstract: The Institute of Chartered Accountants in Ireland was formed in 1888 on an all-island basis by a group of prominent public accountants who envisaged it as a means of appropriating the social and economic benefits that accompanied professional status. Employing Weber's notion of 'social closure' in the context of a professional project, this paper examines the manner in which the Institute sought to operationalise this strategy, focusing in particular on membership criteria, articles and examinations, as well as issues of trust and respectability. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 35-59 Issue: 1 Volume: 18 Year: 2008 Keywords: professional project, Weber, closure, chartered accountants, Ireland, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200701824740 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200701824740 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:18:y:2008:i:1:p:35-59 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Geraldine Robbins Author-X-Name-First: Geraldine Author-X-Name-Last: Robbins Author-Name: Irvine Lapsley Author-X-Name-First: Irvine Author-X-Name-Last: Lapsley Title: Irish voluntary hospitals: an examination of a theory of voluntary failure Abstract: This paper examines the success and failure of voluntary hospital organisations in Ireland during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. The study draws on (and extends) Salamon's theory of voluntary failure by examining the activities of religious organisations responsible for the ownership, management and delivery of acute hospital care. This theoretical perspective identifies a number of dimensions of organisational life for voluntary organisations, which precipitated the demise of organisations as voluntary sector entities, particularly issues of resource-dependency. This study shows that in the Irish hospital context many religiously owned voluntary hospitals have followed the predictable route to failure - culminating either in closure or transfer to public sector ownership, although some others have withstood the difficulties commonly encountered by voluntary organisations (VOs) as outlined by Salamon. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 61-80 Issue: 1 Volume: 18 Year: 2008 Keywords: voluntary organisations, religious organisations, financial liability, public sector, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200701824757 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200701824757 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:18:y:2008:i:1:p:61-80 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Keith Warnock Author-X-Name-First: Keith Author-X-Name-Last: Warnock Title: Auditing Bloom, editing Joyce: accounting and accountability in Ulysses Abstract: This paper reviews the content and significance of the 'budget' in James Joyce's Ulysses. The budget, in effect a summary of the cash transactions of the novel's central character appearing towards the end of the book, is audited by reference to the preceding text, comparing the description of each financial transaction as it occurs with its subsequent recording. Editorial controversies on the revision of the original 1922 text are assessed in the context of the discrepancies between the budget and the foregoing descriptions. Various interpretations of the role of the budget in the novel are considered, culminating in the observation that it foreshadows the later realisation of the socially constructed nature of accounting and its lack of a simple relationship with an independent financial reality. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 81-95 Issue: 1 Volume: 18 Year: 2008 Keywords: accounting, James Joyce, literature, Ulysses, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200701824765 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200701824765 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:18:y:2008:i:1:p:81-95 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yannick Lemarchand Author-X-Name-First: Yannick Author-X-Name-Last: Lemarchand Author-Name: Marc Nikitin Author-X-Name-First: Marc Author-X-Name-Last: Nikitin Author-Name: Henri Zimnovitch Author-X-Name-First: Henri Author-X-Name-Last: Zimnovitch Title: International congresses of accountants in the twentieth century: a French perspective Abstract: Approximately 40 international congresses of accountants took place between 1889 and 2002. Before World War II, accountants were divided between two international networks: a group of Latin countries and a group led by the USA. Only the latter continued their activity after World War II. From that time onwards, there are two distinct periods: the period 1952-1977 saw 'the rise' of the profession to an international level; after 1977, the transformation of networks into permanent organisations (the International Accounting Standards Committee and the International Federation of Accountants) initiated 'the fall' of international congresses of accountants, which progressively became mere 'accounting fairs'. The research method used in this paper involves a critical analysis of congress proceedings, professional journals and interviews. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 97-120 Issue: 2 Volume: 18 Year: 2008 Keywords: international congresses of accountants, twentieth century, France, history, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200802058495 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200802058495 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:18:y:2008:i:2:p:97-120 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ingrid Jeacle Author-X-Name-First: Ingrid Author-X-Name-Last: Jeacle Author-Name: Eamonn Walsh Author-X-Name-First: Eamonn Author-X-Name-Last: Walsh Title: A tale of tar and feathering: the retail price inventory method and the Englishman Abstract: This paper examines the implementation and operation of a simple method of inventory valuation: the retail price inventory method. Previous research has examined the method's widespread adoption by US department stores during the 1920s. In particular, attention has focused on the disciplinary properties of the method and the creation of visibilities which recast power relations within the store. This paper attempts to extend existing scholarly enquiry by crossing the Atlantic to follow the practical adoption of the method by an Irish department store in the 1930s. The case reveals the extent of employee resistance to the method's adoption, culminating in a physical attack on the accountant employed with its execution. More importantly however, implemented incorrectly, the method failed to deliver the promised surveillance role, but instead yielded an unanticipated consequence. It revealed the gross profitability of the retail component of store trade and hence supported a managerial initiative to expand this side of business activities to the eventual detriment of the former resistant departmental buyers. The paper therefore acknowledges the broader role of a seemingly neutral accounting technique and reinforces the importance of recognising the organisational context of accounting practice. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 121-140 Issue: 2 Volume: 18 Year: 2008 Keywords: department store, Foucault, inventory control, retail history, retail price inventory method, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200802058602 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200802058602 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:18:y:2008:i:2:p:121-140 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alisdair Dobie Author-X-Name-First: Alisdair Author-X-Name-Last: Dobie Title: The development of financial management and control in monastic houses and estates in England c. 1200-1540 Abstract: This paper traces developments in the financial management and control of monastic houses and their estates in England in the later Middle Ages, and seeks to identify the factors which lay behind these developments. It draws upon ecclesiastical, economic and accounting history literature. It finds first that this period of monastic history is not as uneventful as sometimes depicted; and second that previous accounting history studies have focused largely on the agency relationship between the lord and the steward responsible for the management of agricultural properties, whereas the network of accountability and information flows in monastic establishments was more complex. Furthermore, the impetus for accounting change was more diverse than is often portrayed. A large variety of possible factors existed: these were not mutually exclusive and may have acted to reinforce each other. This paper concludes that there is a need for more detailed research at the micro-level on individual monastic houses to reconstruct and explain the evolution of their accounting and management techniques and processes. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 141-159 Issue: 2 Volume: 18 Year: 2008 Keywords: history of accounting, medieval monastic estates, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200802058677 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200802058677 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:18:y:2008:i:2:p:141-159 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: C. S. McWatters Author-X-Name-First: C. S. Author-X-Name-Last: McWatters Title: Investment returns and la traite negriere: evidence from eighteenth-century France Abstract: This paper examines la traite negriere in terms of investment behaviour and investment returns. The research focus is the investments of one armateur, Francois Deguer, a diversified market player in eighteenth-century France. The results provide additional evidence, in an accounting context, of the trade's profitability, either as a stand-alone business or in conjunction with other parts of maritime commerce. Specifically, the analysis indicates that slave-trade investments held the possibility of above-average returns compared with other available investment opportunities. This result reinforces the arguments of Daudin (2002a, 2002b, 2004) who proposed the analysis of slave-trade investments in terms of risk, return, liquidity and time frame. Daudin's work examines limitations of the profit calculations used in prior historical research and offers alternatives that are theoretically sound and pragmatically possible. While the results in this study are based on a case analysis, they demonstrate how the informed use of archival sources can contribute to the findings from more generalised, cross-sectional studies. As historians of the slave trade have noted, each trading voyage was unique, described as a lottery, but one which could offer potentially significant returns. Lessons can be drawn from these initial results, as we confront accounting's implication in contemporary trading practices. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 161-185 Issue: 2 Volume: 18 Year: 2008 Keywords: Slave-trade systems, investment returns, organisational networks, France, archival research, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200802058701 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200802058701 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:18:y:2008:i:2:p:161-185 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Hans Derks Author-X-Name-First: Hans Author-X-Name-Last: Derks Title: Religion, capitalism and the rise of double-entry bookkeeping Abstract: Max Weber and Werner Sombart inspired a famous debate about the following problem: what should be the (historical) basis nowadays for understanding the relationship between religion, capitalism and double-entry bookkeeping (DEB)? In their view DEB practically invented capitalism thanks to its religious basis. Recently, the debate was renewed by claiming that Roman Catholicism played this pivotal role. The article deals with all three main concepts in the relationship. It redefines capitalism, gives DEB its proper place in the past and present, and denies that Roman Catholicism as a belief system had something to do with DEB and capitalism. As an alternative, it proposes a new theoretical framework based on a modernization of the age-old Aristotelean Oikos versus Market thought, which was revived in Weber's Evolution der Hausgemeinschaft. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 187-213 Issue: 2 Volume: 18 Year: 2008 Keywords: accounting history, business history, capitalism, double-entry bookkeeping, religion, oikos-market theory, Max Weber, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200802058735 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200802058735 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:18:y:2008:i:2:p:187-213 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Massimo Sargiacomo Author-X-Name-First: Massimo Author-X-Name-Last: Sargiacomo Title: Institutional pressures and isomorphic change in a high-fashion company: the case of Brioni Roman Style, 1945-89 Abstract: Towards the end of 1945 a small tailoring shop named Brioni was opened in Rome to craft elegant garments for the international social elite. Although the original business idea proved successful, in the post-war period several endogenous and exogenous factors stimulated changes in managerial behaviour. The main object of this paper, which is informed by institutional sociology, is to elucidate the economic, coercive, mimetic and normative pressures that shaped key decisions of senior management in what became a high-fashion company. The most important isomorphic changes are portrayed as is the role played by two key actors in the company whose entrepreneurial activity stimulated institutionalisation processes inside the high-fashion environment. 'In memory of Nazareno Fonticoli and Gaetano Savini:two pioneers of the high-fashion world' Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 215-241 Issue: 2 Volume: 18 Year: 2008 Keywords: business history, fashion industry, institutional sociology, case-study, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200802058818 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200802058818 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:18:y:2008:i:2:p:215-241 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pierre Eng Author-X-Name-First: Pierre Author-X-Name-Last: Eng Title: Consumer credit in Australia during the twentieth century Abstract: This article surveys the growth of consumer credit in Australia during the twentieth century, particularly after the Second World War. Until the 1970s, the regulation of Australia's financial market caused formal consumer credit to be provided mainly by finance companies under hire-purchase contracts, largely for the purchase of cars and household durables. Deregulation of the financial market since the 1960s allowed banks to gain a dominant share in the market for personal loans. Quantification of long-term trends is difficult, but broad estimates suggest sustained growth in per capita indebtedness during 1945-2007. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 243-265 Issue: 2 Volume: 18 Year: 2008 Keywords: consumer credit, finance, household expenditure, history, Australia, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200802058917 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200802058917 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:18:y:2008:i:2:p:243-265 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Harry Knowles Author-X-Name-First: Harry Author-X-Name-Last: Knowles Author-Name: Greg Patmore Author-X-Name-First: Greg Author-X-Name-Last: Patmore Author-Name: John Shields Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Shields Title: Introduction Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 275-281 Issue: 3 Volume: 18 Year: 2008 X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200802383257 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200802383257 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:18:y:2008:i:3:p:275-281 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Harry Knowles Author-X-Name-First: Harry Author-X-Name-Last: Knowles Author-Name: Greg Patmore Author-X-Name-First: Greg Author-X-Name-Last: Patmore Author-Name: John Shields Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Shields Title: From hire purchase to property development: the rise and demise of the Industrial Acceptance Corporation in Australia, 1926-77 Abstract: While there are numerous histories of major Australian banks, the extant literature on the history of the Australian financial service sector pays only incidental attention to the role of finance companies and other non-bank financial institutions in the sector's long-term transformation, particularly the expansion of consumer credit. Drawing on Chandler's classic insights on the dynamics of firm strategy and structure, this paper focuses on the growth and development of one particular finance company - Industrial Acceptance Corporation (IAC) - between the 1920s and 1970s. IAC began as a subsidiary of a US finance company and grew to become one of Australia's leading and innovative finance companies. Based on hire purchase for automobiles and other consumer durables, it diversified into property development during the late 1960s. Imprudent lending practices concerning property development led to financial difficulties in the mid-1970s and ultimately its full takeover by US banking giant, Citibank, in 1977. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 283-302 Issue: 3 Volume: 18 Year: 2008 Keywords: hire purchase, consumer finance, property development, Morris Plan, Industrial Acceptance Corporation, Citibank, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200802383273 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200802383273 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:18:y:2008:i:3:p:283-302 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Monica Keneley Author-X-Name-First: Monica Author-X-Name-Last: Keneley Author-Name: Margaret McKenzie Author-X-Name-First: Margaret Author-X-Name-Last: McKenzie Title: The privatisation experience in the Australian banking and insurance sectors: an explanation of the change in ownership structures Abstract: Deregulation has been a feature of the evolution of financial markets in the past two decades. Extending this trend has been the move to privatise government-owned financial institutions. In the 1990s, Australian governments progressively sold publicly owned banks and insurance institutions. One outcome has been that few of these privatised financial firms exist today, having been absorbed in mergers and acquisitions within the financial services sector. This paper uses an information cost framework to explain the experience of privatised banks and insurers. Our approach points to a dynamic process of organisational change that has influenced the outcomes of privatisation in the financial services sector. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 303-321 Issue: 3 Volume: 18 Year: 2008 Keywords: privatisation, financial markets, banking and insurance, deregulation, information costs, organisational change, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200802383299 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200802383299 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:18:y:2008:i:3:p:303-321 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Leanne Cutcher Author-X-Name-First: Leanne Author-X-Name-Last: Cutcher Title: Financing communities: the role of community banks and credit unions in re-establishing branches in Australia Abstract: Following large-scale closure of bank branches by the major retail banks in the 1990s credit unions and community banks have been active in re-establishing branches in communities across Australia. Credit unions and community banks promote themselves as offering a very different kind of financial service: one much more focused on meeting the needs of local communities. On the face of it, their service to these communities appears to be motivated by very similar objectives. However, examining their current practices against the backdrop of their different histories reveals important differences in their approach to helping communities help themselves. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 323-333 Issue: 3 Volume: 18 Year: 2008 Keywords: credit unions, community, mutuality, building societies, not-for-profit, self-help, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200802383349 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200802383349 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:18:y:2008:i:3:p:323-333 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Janice Loftus Author-X-Name-First: Janice Author-X-Name-Last: Loftus Author-Name: John Purcell Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Purcell Title: Post-Asian financial crisis reforms: an emerging new embedded-relational governance model Abstract: The late 1980s and early 1990s saw rapid economic growth and subjugation of social policy and environmental concerns, as development was driven through the corporate and financial sectors in East and Southeast Asian economies, fuelled by free market reforms as societies edged towards neo-liberalism. The Asian financial crisis was the catalyst for the emergence of a new embedded-relational governance model, which emphasises the social and environmental dimensions of the welfare state, while relying on decentralised civil society initiatives and business self-regulation in implementing corporate social responsibility. This study focuses on corporate governance and financial system reforms introduced in the aftermath of the Asian financial crisis. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 335-355 Issue: 3 Volume: 18 Year: 2008 Keywords: corporate governance, corporate social responsibility, embedded-relational governance, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200802383455 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200802383455 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:18:y:2008:i:3:p:335-355 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Malcolm Anderson Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson Title: Accounting History Publications 2006/2007 Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 357-374 Issue: 3 Volume: 18 Year: 2008 X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200802383463 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200802383463 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:18:y:2008:i:3:p:357-374 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D. M. Higgins Author-X-Name-First: D. M. Author-X-Name-Last: Higgins Author-Name: S. Verma Author-X-Name-First: S. Author-X-Name-Last: Verma Title: The business of protection: Bass & Co. and trade mark defence, c. 1870-1914 Abstract: This article uses a case study of Bass to examine the business and accounting history of trade mark defence in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. We employ a variety of business, legal and parliamentary records to discuss the measures they adopted to prevent trade mark infringement. The central arguments of this article are that Bass's trade marks were susceptible to infringement because of weaknesses in its business structure, and these, in turn, necessitated a robust defence of its trade marks both before and after the Trade Marks Act, 1875. Of particular interest, we demonstrate that Bass's reliance on the free trade was financially successful, in marked contrast to the predictions of Chandler, and the financial performance of the big London brewers who relied heavily on tied estates. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 1-19 Issue: 1 Volume: 19 Year: 2009 Keywords: brewing industry, firm structure, goodwill, passing-off, profitability, trade marks, trade mark infringement, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200802667097 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200802667097 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:19:y:2009:i:1:p:1-19 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mike Adams Author-X-Name-First: Mike Author-X-Name-Last: Adams Author-Name: Jonas Andersson Author-X-Name-First: Jonas Author-X-Name-Last: Andersson Author-Name: Lars-Fredrik Andersson Author-X-Name-First: Lars-Fredrik Author-X-Name-Last: Andersson Author-Name: Magnus Lindmark Author-X-Name-First: Magnus Author-X-Name-Last: Lindmark Title: Commercial banking, insurance and economic growth in Sweden between 1830 and 1998 Abstract: We examine empirically the dynamic historical relation between commercial bank lending, insurance and economic (income) growth in Sweden using time-series data from 1830 to 1998 and performing tests for Granger causality. Because of the non-stationary nature of the time series examined the procedure of Toda and Yamamoto (1995) is used. Our results, which have accounted for possible regime changes due to different exchange rate mechanisms over time, indicate that insurance has Granger-caused economic growth and bank lending. Therefore, we conclude that insurance is an important prerequisite for stimulating economic growth and that this could have important implications for contemporary developing economies Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 21-38 Issue: 1 Volume: 19 Year: 2009 Keywords: banking, insurance, economic growth, history, Sweden, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200802667139 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200802667139 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:19:y:2009:i:1:p:21-38 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Carles Maixe-Altes Author-X-Name-First: J. Carles Author-X-Name-Last: Maixe-Altes Title: Enterprise and philanthropy: the dilemma of Scottish savings banks in the late nineteenth century Abstract: This paper deals with the changes brought about in the organisation and internal management of resources and investments of the main Scottish savings banks, within the context of the British mutual banking sector at the turn of the century. A study of the archival evidence allows us to analyse the reforms introduced by some savings banks, and the impact of changes in regulations on some of the savings institutions for the working class. In addition, from an internal perspective, an analysis of accounting demonstrates the extent to which the philanthropic nature of savings banks led to the development of entrepreneurial initiatives and therefore greater flexibility in lending decisions. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 39-59 Issue: 1 Volume: 19 Year: 2009 Keywords: savings banks, investment departments, internal organization, accounting, regulation, financial innovation, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200802667154 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200802667154 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:19:y:2009:i:1:p:39-59 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Billings Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Billings Title: Baring Brothers and the birth of modern finance Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 61-63 Issue: 1 Volume: 19 Year: 2009 X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200802667162 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200802667162 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:19:y:2009:i:1:p:61-63 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. H. Parker Author-X-Name-First: R. H. Author-X-Name-Last: Parker Title: Promise Fulfilled. The History of the Accounting Discipline at The University of Melbourne Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 63-64 Issue: 1 Volume: 19 Year: 2009 X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200802667188 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200802667188 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:19:y:2009:i:1:p:63-64 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yves Levant Author-X-Name-First: Yves Author-X-Name-Last: Levant Author-Name: Hubert Tondeur Author-X-Name-First: Hubert Author-X-Name-Last: Tondeur Author-Name: Olivier de La Villarmois Author-X-Name-First: Olivier Author-X-Name-Last: de La Villarmois Title: Introduction Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 69-74 Issue: 2 Volume: 19 Year: 2009 X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200902969229 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200902969229 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:19:y:2009:i:2:p:69-74 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marie Catalo Author-X-Name-First: Marie Author-X-Name-Last: Catalo Author-Name: Nicole Azema-Girlando Author-X-Name-First: Nicole Author-X-Name-Last: Azema-Girlando Title: 'Lady Accounting', an analogy using blood circulation to popularise an accounting view of the health of the firm Abstract: This paper examines the attempt by Deuwez in 1933 to explain accounting concepts and ideas to non specialists through the analogy of the process of blood circulation within human beings. It comprises two main sections. The first section comprises two reviews: first, of accounting ideas of the period 1900-33 and developments therein; and, second, an examination of contemporary knowledge of blood circulation and the operation of key human organs in relation thereto. In the second part of the manuscript, the analogy is examined in more depth, with some limited attempt made to consider whether or not the blood circulation system is an apposite analogy. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 75-101 Issue: 2 Volume: 19 Year: 2009 Keywords: analogy, popularisation, accounting history, 1900-33, blood circulation, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200902969237 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200902969237 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:19:y:2009:i:2:p:75-101 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anne Pezet Author-X-Name-First: Anne Author-X-Name-Last: Pezet Title: The history of the french tableau de bord (1885-1975): evidence from the archives Abstract: The history of the tableau de bord in France has never really been written. This paper sets out to draw up a history using the archives of three large industrial companies - Lafarge, Pechiney and Saint-Gobain - as source material. This paper seeks to revisit the myth of the French tableau de bord as presented in a great many comparative management studies (typically, Tableau de bord vs. Balanced ScoreCard). This myth rests on more or less implicit assumptions regarding, for instance, the central role played by engineers in the emergence of tableaux de bord, the single and unified way in which this instrument is used in companies from top to bottom and, of course, its French specificity. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 103-125 Issue: 2 Volume: 19 Year: 2009 Keywords: French tableau de bord, scorecard, managerial innovation, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200902969245 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200902969245 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:19:y:2009:i:2:p:103-125 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Carlos Ramirez Author-X-Name-First: Carlos Author-X-Name-Last: Ramirez Title: Reform or renaissance? France's 1966 Companies Act and the problem of the 'professionalisation' of the auditing profession in France Abstract: This paper revisits an episode in the history of the auditing profession in France: the period that saw the 'professionalisation' of auditing in the late 1960s, almost 100 years after enactment of the law that had officially created the activity. Despite the existence of practitioners with a reputation for competency and despite the more stringent conditions imposed on the recruitment of these practitioners during the 1930s, certification of accounts had remained a 'function' rather than a profession. The reform of France's commercial code in 1966 thus gave auditors a second chance, making them a key component in an ambitious plan to modernise French financial markets. The paper considers this reform from the angle of the problem facing the reformers, that of 'professionalising the profession' of auditor. Two aspects of the problems are discussed. The first concerns the need to take into consideration the existence of another profession, the profession of the French chartered accountant (expert-comptable), which in the opinion of its leaders had a legitimate claim to a monopoly on auditing. The second concerns the fate reserved for pre-reform audit practitioners (comissaires de societes), not all of whom would be admitted as members of the new auditing profession. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 127-148 Issue: 2 Volume: 19 Year: 2009 Keywords: audit, professionalisation, France, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200902969252 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200902969252 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:19:y:2009:i:2:p:127-148 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pierre Labardin Author-X-Name-First: Pierre Author-X-Name-Last: Labardin Author-Name: Marc Nikitin Author-X-Name-First: Marc Author-X-Name-Last: Nikitin Title: Accounting and the words to tell it: an historical perspective Abstract: In the French language, the word comptabilite (accounting) first appeared in the middle of the eighteenth century. It was used in the Royal finances and its first meaning was that of accountability. Until the middle of the nineteenth century, or thereabouts, the uses of the word evolved gradually but in a somewhat confused manner. Once its meaning had become stabilised, the growing use of the word by an increasing population and the development of accounting activities created a need for adjectives to be added. Commercial, industrial and agricultural accounting, general and auxiliary accounting appeared, as well as the use of comptabilite to designate the accounting department. In this paper, we examine the evolution of words in the context of the development of accounting, seeking some help from amongst linguists. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 149-166 Issue: 2 Volume: 19 Year: 2009 Keywords: words, accounting, nineteenth century, France, French language, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200902969260 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200902969260 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:19:y:2009:i:2:p:149-166 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yves Levant Author-X-Name-First: Yves Author-X-Name-Last: Levant Author-Name: Marc Nikitin Author-X-Name-First: Marc Author-X-Name-Last: Nikitin Title: Charles Eugene Bedaux (1886-1944): 'cost killer' or Utopian Socialist? Abstract: Charles Eugene Bedaux is best known by social scientists for his labour organisation method. This method was a great success with companies during the interwar years, thus enabling its author to set up a multinational business consultancy. The Bedaux method was, however, violently contested by employees and their unions, who organised many strikes to protest against it. Some of those who knew Bedaux, however, claimed that his method was in reality merely one part of a larger system, a simple component working towards a broader and more generous vision of society (known in French as equivalisme). His project was inspired by the Utopian Socialists of the last century, intended to provide a solution to the widespread disorder experienced by industrial societies during the interwar period. This paper explores the credibility of this project from two perspectives: a critical examination of his biographies and investigations conducted in the places where experiments in 'equivalism' were supposedly undertaken. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 167-187 Issue: 2 Volume: 19 Year: 2009 Keywords: consulting, business history, France, twentieth century, Bedaux, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200902969278 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200902969278 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:19:y:2009:i:2:p:167-187 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cheryl McWatters Author-X-Name-First: Cheryl Author-X-Name-Last: McWatters Author-Name: Yannick Lemarchand Author-X-Name-First: Yannick Author-X-Name-Last: Lemarchand Title: Accounting for triangular trade Abstract: This study complements our investigations into the use of accounting manuals as representations of commercial activities. Our previous work focused on the Guide du Commerce of Gaignat de l'Aulnais and the slave trade in eighteenth-century France. We broaden our scope with cross-sectional archival evidence to examine the extent to which the methods and operations in these sources point to a collective knowledge shared amongst traders and those engaged to conduct the slave trade on their behalf. Of particular interest is the prevalence of standardised methods, documents and terms of trade, all of which point, in a similar way to that of the Guide du Commerce, to the slave trade's technical contributions to capitalism (Petre-Grenouilleau 2004, 352). The archival evidence illustrates the rationalisation and institutionalisation of an economic system, albeit a particular outlier, and its progressive sophistication in terms of operating processes, creating thereby the illusion of a rational business model. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 189-212 Issue: 2 Volume: 19 Year: 2009 Keywords: accounting manuals, institutional networks, knowledge transmission, triangular trade, France, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200902969286 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200902969286 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:19:y:2009:i:2:p:189-212 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kees Camfferman Author-X-Name-First: Kees Author-X-Name-Last: Camfferman Author-Name: Stephen Zeff Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Zeff Title: The formation and early years of the Union Europeenne des Experts Comptables Economiques et Financiers (UEC), 1951-63: or how the Dutch tried to bring down the UEC Abstract: This paper reviews the first phase of the history of the Union Europeenne des Experts Comptables Economiques et Financiers (UEC) from its formation in 1951 to 1963. In 1963, the UEC's membership, which initially was confined to Continental Europe, was significantly changed by the accession of accountancy bodies from the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and Scandinavia. During this period, the UEC served as a focal point in debates over a possible future unification of the accountancy profession in Europe. There were considerable differences of view on this point between the bodies which formed the UEC and those which initially stayed outside. In particular, the paper highlights the role played by the main Dutch accountancy body, the Nederlands Instituut van Accountants (NIVA), which took a decidedly hostile attitude towards the UEC. It is shown how the creation of the European Economic Community (EEC) and its plans to create a common market for accountancy services brought about a clash between the UK and Dutch bodies on the one hand and the UEC on the other, which was resolved in 1963 by the negotiated accession of the former outsiders to the UEC. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 215-257 Issue: 3 Volume: 19 Year: 2009 Keywords: accountancy profession, Europe, international organizations, history, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200903246502 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200903246502 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:19:y:2009:i:3:p:215-257 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael John Jones Author-X-Name-First: Michael John Author-X-Name-Last: Jones Title: Origins of medieval Exchequer accounting Abstract: The origins of the English Exchequer's accounting system have been the subject of controversy since fitz Nigel's treatise in c.1179. The English Exchequer system was the first known medieval charge and discharge system. In England, it became the dominant accounting system in the Middle Ages and persisted in some English institutions until the nineteenth century. This article explores the possible origins of the English Exchequer accounting system which have been suggested by previous writers: Carolingian Empire; contemporary Western states (Sicily, Flanders, France or Normandy); Anglo-Saxon England; Norman England; or invented under Henry I. The balance of probabilities suggests little evidence of a foreign influence on the English Exchequer, rather that the English Exchequer influenced other states. Certain features of the Exchequer appear to have existed in England before 1100 either in Anglo-Saxon England (territorial structure, the treasury, coinage and tallies, pre-existing tax system) or in Norman England (the King's household, scribes and literacy). Finally, in Henry I's reign the abacus, accounting rolls and Justices in Eyre were developed. These notable features of Exchequer accounting appear to have been 'assembled' into a workable system by Roger of Salisbury, under the direction of Henry I. A key trigger for this was probably the need to raise a marriage aid for Henry I's daughter, Matilda. The paper also shows that the accountability based system of the Exchequer shares some similar characteristics with earlier societies in Mesopotamia and in Rome. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 259-285 Issue: 3 Volume: 19 Year: 2009 Keywords: charge and discharge accounting, Exchequer accounting, origins of accounting, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200802667147 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200802667147 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:19:y:2009:i:3:p:259-285 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard Fleischman Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Fleischman Author-Name: Karen Schuele Author-X-Name-First: Karen Author-X-Name-Last: Schuele Title: Co-authorship in accounting history: advantages and pitfalls Abstract: Relatively little has been written about co-authorship in accounting and even less specific to accounting history. This paper endeavours to track co-authorship patterns in the discipline, both quantitatively and qualitatively. The three specialist accounting history journals provide the data to render quantitative judgements, whilst a survey of accounting history scholars has generated information on how co-authorship is perceived in the field, particularly its benefits and pitfalls. A matching technique is used to gauge whether patterns in accounting history are similar to those within the broader accounting discipline. Consideration will also be given to comparisons of how co-authorship is viewed by US and non-US academicians. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 287-303 Issue: 3 Volume: 19 Year: 2009 Keywords: accounting history, co-authorship, co-authorship quantitatively and qualitatively, US and non-US co-authorship surveys, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200903246536 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200903246536 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:19:y:2009:i:3:p:287-303 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wei Lu Author-X-Name-First: Wei Author-X-Name-Last: Lu Author-Name: Xu-dong Ji Author-X-Name-First: Xu-dong Author-X-Name-Last: Ji Author-Name: Max Aiken Author-X-Name-First: Max Author-X-Name-Last: Aiken Title: Governmental influences in the development of Chinese accounting during the modern era Abstract: This paper reviews the historical development of accounting in China during the modern era since 1911, dividing the period into three phases: the pre-revolution period (1911-49); the pre-reform period (1949-79); and the current period (1979-to date). Attention is focused on the development of accounting during the current period. This paper critically evaluates an important phenomenon in Chinese accounting history - governmental dominance. It reveals that there have been two forces at work during the modern era, governmental control and outside influence. In China, the state has dominated the evolutionary process of accounting despite strong external influences, e.g. from Japan in the early part of the twentieth century, from the Soviets in the 1950s, and from the West more recently. The article examines accounting developments in their social, political and cultural environment, and concludes that with the Western influence increasingly strong, particularly given the world-wide trend towards the adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards, the Chinese government can maintain its controlling power over accounting affairs for the foreseeable future. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 305-326 Issue: 3 Volume: 19 Year: 2009 Keywords: Chinese accounting, accounting history, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200903246767 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200903246767 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:19:y:2009:i:3:p:305-326 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jan Richard Heier Author-X-Name-First: Jan Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Heier Title: Building the Union Pacific Railroad: a study of mid-nineteenth-century railroad construction accounting and reporting practices Abstract: America's greatest technological achievement of the nineteenth century was the completion of the transcontinental railroad. The ensuing political scandal over the disposition of millions of dollars in government bonds led to congressional hearings that revealed accounting and reporting practices for construction contracts that obscured the relationship between the two companies involved - the Union Pacific Railroad Company and the Credit Mobilier of America. Some of the accounting practices, such as the reporting of assets, liabilities, and capital matched contemporary practices of the mid-nineteenth century. Other practices, such as accounting for stock dividends and bond discounts, may have been first employed by the two organizations, but some eventually made their way into common practice among railroads of that era. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 327-351 Issue: 3 Volume: 19 Year: 2009 Keywords: Credit Mobilier of America, early railroad accounting, financial fraud, Union Pacific Railroad, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200903246775 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200903246775 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:19:y:2009:i:3:p:327-351 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stephanie Moussalli Author-X-Name-First: Stephanie Author-X-Name-Last: Moussalli Author-Name: Dale Flesher Author-X-Name-First: Dale Author-X-Name-Last: Flesher Author-Name: Yannick Lemarchand Author-X-Name-First: Yannick Author-X-Name-Last: Lemarchand Title: Pierre Boucher and the 1803 edition of La science des negocians: accounting in the Republic Abstract: In 1803, Pierre Boucher of Bordeaux, France, published the second edition of an accounting textbook, La science des negocians et teneurs de livres, with sections on agricultural, nautical, and merchant accounting, an extensive commercial dictionary, discussions of accounting terminology and corrections, and numerous journal entries. Boucher's books appeared at a time of enormous change in French accounting, tracking momentous economic growth. Using the framework of new institutional economics, we argue that Boucher's work contributed to technical improvements in business records that permitted the lowering of transaction costs, at a time when such improvements could bring high returns in the merchandising and agricultural sectors. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 353-364 Issue: 3 Volume: 19 Year: 2009 Keywords: Boucher, La Porte, French accounting, French Republic, agricultural accounting, maritime accounting, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200903246783 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200903246783 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:19:y:2009:i:3:p:353-364 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roy Chandler Author-X-Name-First: Roy Author-X-Name-Last: Chandler Title: Truth or Profit - The Ethics and Business of Public Accounting Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 365-367 Issue: 3 Volume: 19 Year: 2009 X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200903246809 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200903246809 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:19:y:2009:i:3:p:365-367 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: T. A. Lee Author-X-Name-First: T. A. Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: The Life and Writings of Stuart Chase (1888-1985): From an Accountant's Perspective Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 367-368 Issue: 3 Volume: 19 Year: 2009 X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200903246817 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200903246817 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:19:y:2009:i:3:p:367-368 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thomas Lee Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: Social closure and the incorporation of the Society of Accountants in Edinburgh in 1854 Abstract: The incorporation of the Society of Accountants in Edinburgh in 1854 has been researched from different perspectives without attention to the overall occupational grouping to which the founders belonged. The existence of this larger community of accountants raises the question of whether the foundation involved social closure. The purpose of the paper is to pose and respond to this question by explaining social closure, examining the Society's foundational process for signs of possible exclusion, and observing founders and non-founders to identify differences in characteristics that provide possible explanations for exclusion. Archival evidence of the foundational process and differences in characteristics is consistent with the possibility of social closure without precluding other explanations for the founder and non-founder groupings. The evidence also raises the question of whether the foundation of the Society is completely explained by the external pressures associated with a potential loss of court-related appointments. The findings in the paper are sufficient to encourage further research of social closure in other associational foundations in the early history of modern public accountancy. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 1-22 Issue: 1 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 Keywords: exclusion rules, occupational groupings, professional project, public accountancy, social closure, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200903504181 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200903504181 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:20:y:2010:i:1:p:1-22 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alan Sangster Author-X-Name-First: Alan Author-X-Name-Last: Sangster Title: Using accounting history and Luca Pacioli to put relevance back into the teaching of double entry Abstract: Double entry bookkeeping is generally considered to be a topic that students struggle to learn. In part, this is seen as being due to their lacking awareness of both business processes and of the business environment in which accounting operates, which makes double entry appear an abstract concept and one they find hard to justify the effort of learning. It is also seen by many faculties as failing to encourage critical thinking; and as a purely mechanical process that is unnecessary in a university degree in accounting - that it belongs in the professional office where it can be taught in context in the work environment. This paper argues that there is an alternative justifiable view that, far from being unnecessary and failing to encourage critical thinking, knowledge and understanding of double entry is a key element required of anyone who seeks to fully engage in critical thinking concerning the validity of accounting information. It argues that double entry should be retained in the undergraduate accounting curriculum - that its absence from the curriculum encourages blind acceptance of accounting information as 'truth' and makes it more difficult to encourage accounting students to think critically about accounting information at later stages of their studies. This paper suggests that by adopting an accounting history-based approach, students can be presented with a context that may overcome their traditional failure to grasp the topic well at an early stage in their accounting studies. To support this claim, the paper suggests themes that could be covered when introducing the topic, suggests sources of teaching material, and offers access to historical background material concerning the 'father of accounting', Luca Pacioli, in order to assist faculties that wish to try it for themselves in the classroom. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 23-39 Issue: 1 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 Keywords: Pacioli, double entry bookkeeping, accounting history, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200903504215 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200903504215 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:20:y:2010:i:1:p:23-39 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Masayoshi Noguchi Author-X-Name-First: Masayoshi Author-X-Name-Last: Noguchi Author-Name: Bernardo Batiz-Lazo Author-X-Name-First: Bernardo Author-X-Name-Last: Batiz-Lazo Title: The auditors' reporting duty on internal control: the case of building societies, 1956-1960 Abstract: In this article, informed by corporatist theory, we explore the transition from 'fraud detection' to 'statement verification' (Chandler, Edwards, and Anderson 1993, 452) in terms of the audit objectives of building societies in the late 1950s. The study proceeds by analysing negotiations between the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales and state authorities, such as the Treasury, the Chief Registrar of Friendly Societies and the Board of Trade. These discussions eventually resulted in a change in the audit procedure applied to building societies (as documented in the Building Societies Act 1960). We show how the regulatory change allowed chartered accountants to discontinue outmoded practices under which auditors rather than directors had been expected to take responsibility for safeguarding the financial assets of building societies. Regulatory changes also resulted in auditors being required to assume a new duty; namely, to report on the system of internal control. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 41-66 Issue: 1 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 Keywords: building societies, corporatism, auditors' duties, internal control, Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales, the Treasury, Building Societies Act 1960, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200903504249 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200903504249 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:20:y:2010:i:1:p:41-66 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Karine Fabre Author-X-Name-First: Karine Author-X-Name-Last: Fabre Author-Name: Celine Michailesco Author-X-Name-First: Celine Author-X-Name-Last: Michailesco Title: From learning to rationalization: the roles of accounting in the management of Parisian Great Exhibitions from 1853 to 1902 Abstract: During the second half of the nineteenth century, five Great Exhibitions took place in Paris. The French state was highly involved in their financing and management which led to the implementation of public finance rules. Because of specific managerial constraints, public accounting systems and practices were adapted to meet project management purposes. This research focuses on the roles that can be fulfilled by this accounting system. For this purpose, the classification system of organizational roles of accounting by Burchell et al. (1980) is used, and the changes in potential roles of accounting over time according to political background and parliamentary control are considered. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 67-90 Issue: 1 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 Keywords: Great Exhibitions, public finance, accounting practices, accounting system roles, France, nineteenth century, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585201003590617 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585201003590617 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:20:y:2010:i:1:p:67-90 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roy Edwards Author-X-Name-First: Roy Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards Title: Job analysis on the LMS: mechanisation and modernisation c.1930-c.1939 Abstract: This paper explores the development of job analysis by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) in the 1930s. It argues that historians have criticised the management decisions made by railway companies during the inter-war period without having examined the process by which these decisions were reached. Only by examining the process of managerial decision-making using internal company documentation can such claims be justified. The paper examines the market environment of inter-war freight haulage at LMS, followed by a review of the terminal handling process. This provides the context for an analysis of the contribution of Lewis C. Ord and job analysis to the modernisation and mechanisation of LMS terminal. The paper concludes that, while lacking financial sophistication, the LMS, by reflecting upon internal processes, delivered more efficient although not necessarily more economical working. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 91-105 Issue: 1 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 Keywords: mechanisation, railways, job analysis, inter-war period, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200903504264 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200903504264 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:20:y:2010:i:1:p:91-105 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stephen Zeff Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Zeff Title: The Routledge Companion to Accounting History Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 107-112 Issue: 1 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 X-DOI: 10.1080/09585200903504298 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585200903504298 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:20:y:2010:i:1:p:107-112 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Richard Edwards Author-X-Name-First: John Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards Author-Name: Trevor Boyns Author-X-Name-First: Trevor Author-X-Name-Last: Boyns Title: Editorial Announcement Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 113-113 Issue: 1 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 X-DOI: 10.1080/09585201003691308 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585201003691308 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:20:y:2010:i:1:p:113-113 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mitchell Larson Author-X-Name-First: Mitchell Author-X-Name-Last: Larson Author-Name: Karen Ward Author-X-Name-First: Karen Author-X-Name-Last: Ward Author-Name: John Wilson Author-X-Name-First: John Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson Title: Banking from Leeds, not London: regional strategy and structure at the Yorkshire Bank, 1859-1952 Abstract: Industrial philanthropist Edward Akroyd created the Yorkshire Penny Savings Bank in 1859. Despite competition from the Post Office Savings Bank after 1861 and a serious reserve problem in 1911, it sustained his overall strategy to become a successful regional bank. Using archival and contemporary sources to build on recent scholarship illustrating how savings banks were integrated into local economies and the complementary roles of philanthropy and paternalism, we analyse an English regional bank's strategy, including an assessment of strategic innovation, ownership changes and management structure. This will demonstrate that the founder's vision continued, even though the 1911 crisis radically altered both strategy and structure. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 117-133 Issue: 2 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 Keywords: penny savings banks, Edward Akroyd, regional strategy and structure, Yorkshire Penny Bank, philanthropy, Midland Bank, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585206.2010.485744 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585206.2010.485744 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:20:y:2010:i:2:p:117-133 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Eeva-Mari Ihantola Author-X-Name-First: Eeva-Mari Author-X-Name-Last: Ihantola Title: An historical analysis of budgetary thought in Finnish specialist business journals from c.1950 to c.2000 Abstract: Parker (2002) argued that the formalized budgetary discourse in English language textbooks in the 1990s may restrict students' conceptions of budgeting and thereby block uninhibited budgeting change. This study concentrates on the budgetary discourse found in Finnish specialist business journals from the 1950s to the beginning of the twenty-first century. A total of 106 articles on budgeting were analysed using content analysis and then contextualized by the contemporary development of the Finnish business environment. The budgetary thought contained in the studied articles emphasizes the importance of challenge, innovation and change and the texts tried to present new ideas to readers. Matching and flexibility were held to be the cornerstones of effective budgeting. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 135-161 Issue: 2 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 Keywords: budgeting, history, discourse, rhetoric, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585206.2010.485745 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585206.2010.485745 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:20:y:2010:i:2:p:135-161 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Basil Yamey Author-X-Name-First: Basil Author-X-Name-Last: Yamey Title: Daniel Harvey's ledger, 1623-1646, in context Abstract: The double-entry ledger (1623-1646) of Daniel Harvey and Company was kept in a sealed wrought-iron chest from 1821 to 2001. It is a large, heavy book recording the business dealings of the substantial Harvey partnership under the management of Daniel Harvey, brother of the famous physician William Harvey. This article deals with selected features of the double-entry ledger, considered in the context of practice at the time. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 163-176 Issue: 2 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 Keywords: early account books, double-entry bookkeeping, mercantile accounts, two-currencies accounts, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585206.2010.485746 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585206.2010.485746 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:20:y:2010:i:2:p:163-176 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Richard Edwards Author-X-Name-First: John Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards Title: Researching the absence of professional organisation in Victorian England Abstract: Professionalisation is a major research focus of accounting historians, with particular attention paid to circumstances attending the formation and spread of accounting associations. This paper adds a new dimension to such research by examining the failure of public accountants to create a professional body in circumstances that appear conducive to organisational formation whether viewed from a functionalist or critical perspective. It is argued that strategies adopted by Bristol's leading public accountants enabled them to achieve economic and social advance in the absence of organisational formation. Of importance was how they positioned themselves in Bristol society through geographical location, the political, philanthropic and religious networks that connected them to the governing elite, and devices employed for publicising their services. Also relevant was their association with key venues where professionals and businessmen met to discuss commercial affairs. No inconsistency is revealed between the failure of Bristol's leading accountants to form a professional association in the 1870s and their enthusiastic embrace of chartered status following formation of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales in 1880. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 177-208 Issue: 2 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 Keywords: professionalization, Bristol, accountants, elites, networks, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585206.2010.485748 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585206.2010.485748 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:20:y:2010:i:2:p:177-208 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Sutton Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Sutton Author-Name: Rachel Baskerville Author-X-Name-First: Rachel Author-X-Name-Last: Baskerville Author-Name: Carolyn Cordery Author-X-Name-First: Carolyn Author-X-Name-Last: Cordery Title: A development agenda, the donor dollar and voluntary failure Abstract: This paper examines the success and failure of a once pre-eminent New Zealand charity - the Council of Organisations for Relief Service Overseas (CORSO). Delivering aid for government was a factor in its success in its early years, as was its broad membership base. Voluntary failure occurred when CORSO lost government support. It also lost donor support when international charities established a competitive donor 'market'. Its supporters' unwillingness to 'buy-in' to its mission change to focus on local poverty was another factor in its collapse. This case study employs a framework which extends Salamon's (1987) to consider the influence of competition on voluntary failure. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 209-229 Issue: 2 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 Keywords: voluntary failure, charitable organisations, CORSO, development history, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585206.2010.485749 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585206.2010.485749 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:20:y:2010:i:2:p:209-229 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bethan Lloyd Jones Author-X-Name-First: Bethan Lloyd Author-X-Name-Last: Jones Title: Was the nineteenth-century Denbighshire coalfield a worthwhile investment? An analysis of the investors and their returns Abstract: As the nineteenth century progressed, more capital was needed to finance industry and businessmen found that they were increasingly unable to raise the funds required from a small pool of family, friends and acquaintances. The introduction of limited liability in 1855 provided a solution to this problem and share ownership became increasingly widespread. The purpose of this article is to analyse the shareholders of Denbighshire coal companies in terms of their occupation, geographical location and motives for ownership, and also to examine whether their shareholdings gave them a reasonable return on investment. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 231-261 Issue: 2 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 Keywords: shareholders, dividends, coal industry, nineteenth century, Denbighshire, return on capital, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585206.2010.485750 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585206.2010.485750 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:20:y:2010:i:2:p:231-261 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Steven Toms Author-X-Name-First: Steven Author-X-Name-Last: Toms Title: The Oxford Handbook of Business History Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 263-265 Issue: 2 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 X-DOI: 10.1080/09585206.2010.485751 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585206.2010.485751 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:20:y:2010:i:2:p:263-265 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Trevor Boyns Author-X-Name-First: Trevor Author-X-Name-Last: Boyns Author-Name: John Richard Edwards Author-X-Name-First: John Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards Title: Editorial Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 267-270 Issue: 3 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 X-DOI: 10.1080/09585206.2010.512705 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585206.2010.512705 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:20:y:2010:i:3:p:267-270 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Masayoshi Noguchi Author-X-Name-First: Masayoshi Author-X-Name-Last: Noguchi Author-Name: Eri Kanamori Author-X-Name-First: Eri Author-X-Name-Last: Kanamori Title: The current value-based balance sheet in the context of east Asian colonial management: the case of the Oriental Colonization Company Abstract: Drawing on the reports of accounts submitted by the Oriental Colonization Company (Toyo Takushoku Kabushiki Kaisha) to the Ministry of Finance, this study examines the role of the current value-based balance sheet prepared by the company in the context of the east Asian colonial management it carried out on behalf of the Japanese government. The current value-based balance sheet was prepared and submitted to the Ministry of Finance in order to show the company's financial position in the best possible light. This study demonstrates that the accounting techniques initially used for colonial management in distant locations came, at a later stage, to be extended, through attaching an additional statement (the current value-based balance sheet), in a manner which attempted to influence the decision making of relevant parties in the home country, in particular, to promote the company's own interest rather than the national interest in maintaining - and if possible enhancing - colonial management, which the special company had been originally created to handle. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 271-301 Issue: 3 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 Keywords: the Oriental Colonization Company, east Asian colonial management, current value reassessment, current value-based balance sheet, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585206.2010.512707 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585206.2010.512707 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:20:y:2010:i:3:p:271-301 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yasuhiro Shimizu Author-X-Name-First: Yasuhiro Author-X-Name-Last: Shimizu Author-Name: Satoshi Fujimura Author-X-Name-First: Satoshi Author-X-Name-Last: Fujimura Title: Accounting in disaster and accounting for disaster: the crisis of the Great Kanto Earthquake, Japan, 1923 Abstract: This essay examines the role of accounting records in a crisis situation; namely, the Great Kanto Earthquake of 1923. Kanematsu, a trading business, did not suffer a physical loss of assets as a result of the earthquake but, nevertheless, the amount of financial loss it suffered was not small. Kanematsu had to take countermeasures to tackle the situation created by the earthquake. By using accounting and other records of Kanematsu, the authors examine the actions taken in the midst of confusion just after the earthquake and the role played by accounting. The authors show that the sudden natural disaster and the resulting crisis was a test of orderliness of the accounting record. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 303-316 Issue: 3 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 Keywords: Japan, natural disaster, trial balance, Kanematsu, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585206.2010.512711 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585206.2010.512711 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:20:y:2010:i:3:p:303-316 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yoshinao Matsumoto Author-X-Name-First: Yoshinao Author-X-Name-Last: Matsumoto Author-Name: Gary John Previts Author-X-Name-First: Gary John Author-X-Name-Last: Previts Title: The dual audit system for joint stock companies in Japan Abstract: The origin of the statutory audits of joint stock companies in Japan can be traced back to the Commercial Code of 1890 (CC) when audits by appointed individuals who served within the company as corporate auditors were established. These CC auditors, selected by shareholders, sought to protect the interests of existing stockholders not those of prospective public market investors. In contrast, Western style external independent auditing in Japan can be traced back to proposed but unsuccessful legislation at the beginning of the twentieth century, which subsequently came into effect in 1951 under the Securities and Exchange Law (SEL). This paper examines the circumstances and differences regarding the development of Japan's dual audit system in order to contribute to our understanding of comparative audit processes in developed economies. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 317-326 Issue: 3 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 Keywords: independent public auditor, accountability, commercial code, Securities and Exchange Law, public interest, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585206.2010.512715 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585206.2010.512715 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:20:y:2010:i:3:p:317-326 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Esbjorn Segelod Author-X-Name-First: Esbjorn Author-X-Name-Last: Segelod Author-Name: Leif Carlsson Author-X-Name-First: Leif Author-X-Name-Last: Carlsson Title: The emergence of uniform principles of cost accounting in Sweden 1900-36 Abstract: The purpose of this article, using evidence from the archives of ASEA, of contemporary publications, and of statements by eye witnesses, is to identify and describe the principal forces and actors which shaped the Swedish cost accounting system, a system moulded in a process starting in the early twentieth century and ending in 1936 with the approval of a set of recommendations for uniform principles of cost accounting. These recommendations, with the terminology and practice they specify, are still taught to students of accountancy in Sweden; they are applied in many Swedish companies, and have influenced practice also in other Nordic countries. The process of standardization was initiated by influences from the United States but was later influenced mainly by the contemporary German process of standardization. This paper questions the traditional view that the Swedish uniform principles originated in German cost accounting, and was the result of a battle between American practice (as exemplified by SKF) and German practice (as represented by ASEA). It will be shown that the Swedish uniform principles are based on ASEA's system, implemented in 1919, and that while not dissimilar to what later became known as German practice, may equally well have been derived from American practice and cost accounting debate. We shall also show that the process was driven by engineers, many of whom had worked in the United States, were involved in the efficiency movement and were proponents of scientific management. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 327-363 Issue: 3 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 Keywords: cost accounting, management accounting, product costing, returnees, standardization, Sweden, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585206.2010.512716 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585206.2010.512716 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:20:y:2010:i:3:p:327-363 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alessandro Mura Author-X-Name-First: Alessandro Author-X-Name-Last: Mura Author-Name: Clive Emmanuel Author-X-Name-First: Clive Author-X-Name-Last: Emmanuel Title: Transfer pricing: early Italian contributions Abstract: This paper aims at reviewing the early contributions made by Italian scholars to the field of transfer pricing, from the works of Francesco Villa (1840, 1853) to the birth of Economia Aziendale (in the first half of the twentieth century). Although this topic has been traditionally overlooked in the Italian accounting literature, this study shows how Italian accountants were familiar with different methods of transfer pricing and elaborated certain original solutions. The intensive, mainly theoretic discussion for attaching a value to goods exchanged amongst segments of the same company indicates an early recognition of the potential influence of organizational structure, intermediate markets, coordination and differentiation that may have laid the platform for a greater integration between financial and cost accounting. Unfortunately this genuine debate suddenly stopped: the diffusion of Zappa's theories partly explains this phenomenon. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 365-383 Issue: 3 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 Keywords: transfer pricing, divisional profit, market value, cost basis, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585206.2010.512717 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585206.2010.512717 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:20:y:2010:i:3:p:365-383 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. W. King Author-X-Name-First: P. W. Author-X-Name-Last: King Title: Management, finance and cost control in the Midlands charcoal iron industry Abstract: The iron industry was fully industrialized by the seventeenth century. The initial ironmasters were landowners, with clerks managing their ironworks. Professional ironmasters emerged from the clerks by the 1600s. The largest iron businesses (such as that of the Foley family described here) had general managers. Loans (secured by bonds) were important for business finance, including for paying up share capital. Accounting varied between charge and discharge-oriented systems of double entry bookkeeping and those maintained according to the classic Italian method. Cost accounting was not systematically practised, but yields from raw materials were monitored and the information contained in the financial accounts contained data relevant to performance decision making. Managers were trained on the job by experienced managers. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 385-412 Issue: 3 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 Keywords: Foley, iron production, double entry, Italian method, management, cost accounting, bonds, X-DOI: 10.1080/09585206.2010.514410 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585206.2010.514410 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:20:y:2010:i:3:p:385-412 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robert Parker Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Parker Title: Accountancy and empire. The British legacy of professional organization Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 413-415 Issue: 3 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 X-DOI: 10.1080/09585206.2010.512719 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585206.2010.512719 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:20:y:2010:i:3:p:413-415 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Richard Edwards Author-X-Name-First: John Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards Title: Principles before standards. The ICAEW's 'N Series' of recommendations on accounting principles 1942 Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 415-417 Issue: 3 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 X-DOI: 10.1080/09585206.2010.512720 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585206.2010.512720 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:20:y:2010:i:3:p:415-417 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Billings Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Billings Title: This time is different: eight centuries of financial folly Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 417-420 Issue: 3 Volume: 20 Year: 2010 X-DOI: 10.1080/09585206.2010.512722 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09585206.2010.512722 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:20:y:2010:i:3:p:417-420 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stephen Walker Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Walker Title: EDITORIAL Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 1-5 Issue: 1 Volume: 21 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2011.548571 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/21552851.2011.548571 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:21:y:2011:i:1:p:1-5 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alisdair Dobie Author-X-Name-First: Alisdair Author-X-Name-Last: Dobie Title: A review of the granators' accounts of Durham Cathedral Priory 1294-1433: an early example of process accounting? Abstract: No transcripts from the accounts of the granator, a monk-official entrusted with the administration of grain1 of Durham Cathedral Priory during the period covered by this paper (1294-1433) have hitherto been published. The accounting records which survive from his office comprise a particularly interesting series of linked accounts, which extend far beyond simple grain accounts to include accounts for wheat, bread-making, bread-usage, barley, malt, brewing and ale consumption. Flows are traceable from one account to another in a form of process accounting2 which also takes note of expected yields from specified processes and generates average usage figures calculated by month and week. These accounts are of particular interest as they reveal practices which move beyond the stewardship emphasis traditionally perceived by accounting historians as the dominant feature of medieval charge and discharge accounts. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 7-35 Issue: 1 Volume: 21 Year: 2011 Keywords: history of accounting, medieval monastic estates, process accounting, X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2011.548178 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/21552851.2011.548178 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:21:y:2011:i:1:p:7-35 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Richard Edwards Author-X-Name-First: John Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards Title: Accounting education in Britain during the early modern period Abstract: British-based studies of the education of aspiring accountants have principally confined attention to developments following the formation of professional bodies. This paper examines educational provision during the early modern period which broadly coincides with the rapid commercial expansion and early industrialisation that took place in Britain between 1550 and1800. It reveals institutional and pedagogic innovations designed to meet the knowledge requirements of aspirant accountants, bookkeepers and others seeking a knowledge of accounting techniques. Also, the gendered male orientation of teaching institutions and instructional texts in accounting is shown not to have entirely excluded women from acquiring knowledge of the accounting craft. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 37-67 Issue: 1 Volume: 21 Year: 2011 Keywords: accounting, accounting history, accounting literature, double-entry bookkeeping, education, women, X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2011.548544 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/21552851.2011.548544 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:21:y:2011:i:1:p:37-67 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Warwick Funnell Author-X-Name-First: Warwick Author-X-Name-Last: Funnell Title: Social reform, military accounting and the pursuit of economy during the liberal apotheosis, 1906-1912 Abstract: The Liberal Governments that took office in the years immediately before World War I pursued a policy which sought the radical transformation of British society by establishing the foundations of the modern welfare state. Liberal beliefs required that the funding for this would have to be obtained by achieving economies in other government spending, most especially spending on the army. However, with mounting international political tensions, the new Secretary of State for War, Richard Haldane, knew that Britain's security demanded a significant military capability. Thus, to allow the spending on social reform and to provide an army ready for war, Haldane introduced administrative reforms to ensure that Britain's army was both economic and efficient. These reforms included the beginnings of an 'object-based' system of military accounting which promoted a dominant role for the military in financial decisions. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 69-93 Issue: 1 Volume: 21 Year: 2011 Keywords: Asquith Liberal government, social reform, new liberalism, military accounting, Richard Haldane, X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2011.548549 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/21552851.2011.548549 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:21:y:2011:i:1:p:69-93 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alan Richardson Author-X-Name-First: Alan Author-X-Name-Last: Richardson Title: Regulatory competition in accounting. A history of the Accounting Standards Authority of Canada Abstract: This article examines a unique period (1981-1998) in Canadian accounting standard-setting history when, nominally, two competing standard-setting bodies existed: the Canadian Institute of Chartered Accountants and the nascent Accounting Standards Authority of Canada. Sunder (2002a, 2002b) advocates competing accounting standard-setting regimes within a single jurisdiction to allow firms to voluntarily select standards that reflect their business model and provide the lowest cost-of-capital. This situation, however, is rare and has not been examined empirically. The existence of competing standards assumes the existence of competing standard-setters, but the entry of a new standard-setter into the domain of an existing standard-setter faces numerous obstacles. The analysis of this case suggests some factors missing from Sunder's model. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 95-114 Issue: 1 Volume: 21 Year: 2011 Keywords: regulatory competition, Accounting Standards Authority of Canada, embeddedness of standard-setting, X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2011.548570 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/21552851.2011.548570 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:21:y:2011:i:1:p:95-114 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Doron Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Doron Title: Called to account: fourteen financial frauds that shaped the American accounting profession Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 115-116 Issue: 1 Volume: 21 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2011.555621 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/21552851.2011.555621 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:21:y:2011:i:1:p:115-116 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Verna Care Author-X-Name-First: Verna Author-X-Name-Last: Care Title: The significance of a 'correct and uniform system of accounts' to the administration of the Poor Law Amendment Act, 1834 Abstract: Accounting under the new Poor Law represents a significant landmark in the history of government accounting that has hitherto attracted little attention or comment. Charge and discharge accounting is rooted in feudal relationships and persisted well into the nineteenth century in the parishes and municipal corporations of England and Wales, especially in rural areas. In contrast, double-entry bookkeeping (DEB) in central government accounting, became a signature of the modern bureaucratic organisation. This paper argues that these radical differences were nowhere more apparent than in the new administrative apparatus created by the 1834 Poor Law Amendment Act. Evidence is drawn from national and local archives to document the design of an elaborate accounting system through which the central agency of the Poor Law Commission operated. It was not only the design of the accounting system that was significant but also its implementation. The paper draws on archival material to demonstrate the role of change agents and mimetic processes in institutionalising the new accounting practice. It reveals that in the unions studied there was an impressive uniformity and conformity of local practice in deference to the statutory authority of the Poor Law Commission. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 121-142 Issue: 2 Volume: 21 Year: 2011 Keywords: double-entry bookkeeping, bureaucracy, government accounting, Poor Law, change agents, X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2011.581837 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/21552851.2011.581837 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:21:y:2011:i:2:p:121-142 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Philip Colquhoun Author-X-Name-First: Philip Author-X-Name-Last: Colquhoun Title: Intergenerational equity in municipal accounting: New Zealand in the early 20th century Abstract: This study addresses issues relating to accounting for fixed assets by municipalities - issues not previously discussed in the accounting history literature. The paper reveals the significance of the principle of intergenerational equity and the influence of user groups in the development of accounting policy in local government. It suggests that both preparers and users of accounting information were influential in a debate on government accounting policy which took place in Wellington, New Zealand, during the early twentieth century. It is shown that the principle of intergenerational equity was accorded high importance in the debate but was subject to challenge. The finding suggest that the users of accounting information engaged in the debates on government accounting as an expression of civic duty, a notion consistent with the ethical imperative of ensuring intergenerational equity. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 143-161 Issue: 2 Volume: 21 Year: 2011 Keywords: accounting history, intergenerational equity, public sector accounting, depreciation, New Zealand, X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2011.581838 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/21552851.2011.581838 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:21:y:2011:i:2:p:143-161 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Crawford Spence Author-X-Name-First: Crawford Author-X-Name-Last: Spence Author-Name: Marion Brivot Author-X-Name-First: Marion Author-X-Name-Last: Brivot Title: 'No French, no more': language-based exclusion in North America's first professional accounting association, 1879-1927 Abstract: 1This paper draws on Bourdieu's sociolinguistic theory to interpret the overrepresentation of Anglophone accountants vis-a-vis Francophone comptables in the formative years of North America's first professional accounting association. In a linguistic market, where English was taken for granted as the official language of commerce, we find that the founding members of the Association of Accountants in Montreal (AAM) possessed a 'distinctive' cultural and linguistic habitus. We observe that the AAM enacted for many years a number of exclusion strategies to effectively limit its admittance of Francophone compatibles who possessed a different cultural and linguistic habitus. When the AAM eventually did explicitly embrace Francophone memberships, this was in order to counter the threat of a rival accounting designation. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 163-184 Issue: 2 Volume: 21 Year: 2011 Keywords: professional closure, accounting profession, language, Quebec, Canada, Bourdieu, X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2011.581839 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/21552851.2011.581839 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:21:y:2011:i:2:p:163-184 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stephen Walker Author-X-Name-First: Stephen Author-X-Name-Last: Walker Title: Professions and patriarchy revisited. Accountancy in England and Wales, 1887-1914 Abstract: New evidence is presented about the campaign to secure the admission of women to the accountancy profession in England and Wales during the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. This evidence, which permits a more gender-encompassing approach, is analysed by reference to Witz's (1992) conceptual model of the relationship between patriarchy and professionalisation. It is shown that initially the campaign for admission comprised a usurpationary struggle pursued in civil society. Here equal rights were emphasised and credentialist tactics deployed. These efforts were successfully resisted by the professional elite. When, in consequence of male demands for a statutory monopoly, the issue entered the state arena and legalistic tactics were pursued, the admission of women was conceded in principle. However, the subsequent emergence of separatist solutions offered scope for internal demarcation and the creation of a gendered hierarchy within the profession under patriarchal control. The study emphasises the sustained nature of the campaign for the inclusion of women and its alignment with contemporary feminism. It also suggests the importance of proxy male power to the movement and revisits the ideological foundations of male resistance to it. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 185-225 Issue: 2 Volume: 21 Year: 2011 Keywords: women, professions, accounting, England and Wales, patriarchy, suffragism, X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2011.581840 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/21552851.2011.581840 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:21:y:2011:i:2:p:185-225 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Malcolm Anderson Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson Title: Accounting History publications 2008/09 Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 227-235 Issue: 2 Volume: 21 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2011.581841 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/21552851.2011.581841 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:21:y:2011:i:2:p:227-235 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thomas Lee Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: Two hundred years of accounting research: an international survey of personalities, ideas, and publications (from the beginning of the nineteenth century to the beginning of the twenty-first century) Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 237-238 Issue: 2 Volume: 21 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2011.581844 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/21552851.2011.581844 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:21:y:2011:i:2:p:237-238 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lee Parker Author-X-Name-First: Lee Author-X-Name-Last: Parker Title: Lyndall Urwick, management pioneer: a biography Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 238-240 Issue: 2 Volume: 21 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2011.581845 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/21552851.2011.581845 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:21:y:2011:i:2:p:238-240 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anne Pezet Author-X-Name-First: Anne Author-X-Name-Last: Pezet Title: Dictionnaire historique de la comptabilite publique Abstract: Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 240-241 Issue: 2 Volume: 21 Year: 2011 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2011.581846 File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/21552851.2011.581846 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:21:y:2011:i:2:p:240-241 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Geoff Burrows Author-X-Name-First: Geoff Author-X-Name-Last: Burrows Author-Name: Phillip E. Cobbin Author-X-Name-First: Phillip E. Author-X-Name-Last: Cobbin Title: Budgetary and financial discontinuities: Iraq 1920--32 Abstract: At national level, arguably the most severe budgetary and financial discontinuities occur when states are created or recreated. The challenge then is to create viable financial systems which reduce the danger of state failure. Despite their importance, these processes are under-researched in the accounting and finance literatures. We examine these processes in relation to Iraq, the former Mesopotamia, which emerged as a fledgling state only after World War I, a process, occurring under British suzerainty, and complicated by existing and proposed financial obligations. Iraq's early history provides a case study of the role of financial management in state-creation. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 247-262 Issue: 3 Volume: 21 Year: 2011 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2011.616716 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2011.616716 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:21:y:2011:i:3:p:247-262 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pierre Labardin Author-X-Name-First: Pierre Author-X-Name-Last: Labardin Title: Accounting prescription and practice in nineteenth-century France. An analysis of bankruptcy cases Abstract: Following Colbert's Ordonnance of 1673, most of whose provisions were reiterated in the Code de Commerce, 1807 and the Law of Bankruptcy, 1838, traders in France were under a legal obligation to keep accounts of their business activities. In the event of bankruptcy, traders were potentially subject to severe sanctions for failure to comply. However, research carried out by Lemarchand (1994) has shown that the obligation on traders to keep books had no significant practical impact in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Utilising 500 bankruptcy case files covering the period 1847 to 1887, contained in the archives of the Paris Court of Commerce, the paper sets out to investigate the impact of the legal obligation on traders’ accounting practices in a later period. The object is to shed light on the extent to which legislation influenced the diffusion of accounting practice in nineteenth-century France. The study offers insights to the divergences between accounting prescription and accounting practice. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 263-283 Issue: 3 Volume: 21 Year: 2011 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2011.616717 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2011.616717 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:21:y:2011:i:3:p:263-283 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thomas A. Lee Author-X-Name-First: Thomas A. Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: Paul and Mackersy, accountants, 1818--34: public accountancy in the early nineteenth century Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to present a contextualised history of a Scottish public accountancy firm in the first half of the nineteenth century. The minute book of a private dining club identifies the employees of Paul and Mackersy, Accountants of Edinburgh from 1818 to 1834, and national archives provide data on the firm's client services as well as the careers and other activities of its partners, clerks and apprentices. The study also observes financial matters consequent to the deaths of Lindsay Mackersy in 1834 and William Paul in 1848. The paper uniquely reveals the structure and operations of a leading training firm in the early period of the modern history of Scottish public accountancy, its strong association with the legal profession and landownership, the contemporary jurisdiction of public accountants, and the potential for practitioners to fail despite their elite professional status. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 285-307 Issue: 3 Volume: 21 Year: 2011 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2011.616719 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2011.616719 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:21:y:2011:i:3:p:285-307 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrew Odlyzko Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Odlyzko Title: The collapse of the Railway Mania, the development of capital markets, and the forgotten role of Robert Lucas Nash Abstract: It is well known that the Railway Mania in Britain in the 1840s had a great impact on accounting. This paper contributes a description and analysis of the events that led to the two main upheavals in accounting that took place then, and of the key role played by Robert Lucas Nash in those events. He was a pioneer in accounting and financial analysis, providing studies on the financial performance of railways that were more penetrating and systematic than those available to the public from anyone else. His contemporaries credited him with precipitating a market crash that led to one of two dramatic changes in accounting practices that occurred in the late 1840s. Yet his contributions have been totally forgotten. The collapse of the Railway Mania provides interesting perspectives on the development of capital markets. The accounting revolution was just one of the byproducts of the collision of investors’ rosy profit expectations with cold reality. Shareholders’ struggles to understand, or, more precisely, to avoid understanding, the inevitability of ruin, have many similarities to the events of recent financial crashes. The Railway Mania events thus provide cautionary notes on what even penetrating accounting and financial analysis reports can accomplish. Railway share price behaviour suggests that Nash's contributions had a much smaller effect than his contemporaries gave him credit for. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 309-345 Issue: 3 Volume: 21 Year: 2011 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2011.605556 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2011.605556 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:21:y:2011:i:3:p:309-345 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alisdair Dobie Author-X-Name-First: Alisdair Author-X-Name-Last: Dobie Title: Credit and village society in fourteenth-century England Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 347-349 Issue: 3 Volume: 21 Year: 2011 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2011.616720 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2011.616720 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:21:y:2011:i:3:p:347-349 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lisa Evans Author-X-Name-First: Lisa Author-X-Name-Last: Evans Title: The turbulent world of Franz Göll. An ordinary Berliner writes the twentieth century Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 349-352 Issue: 3 Volume: 21 Year: 2011 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2011.616722 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2011.616722 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:21:y:2011:i:3:p:349-352 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michael Keenan Author-X-Name-First: Michael Author-X-Name-Last: Keenan Title: Accounting education and the profession in New Zealand Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 353-355 Issue: 3 Volume: 21 Year: 2011 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2011.616726 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2011.616726 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:21:y:2011:i:3:p:353-355 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Josephine Maltby Author-X-Name-First: Josephine Author-X-Name-Last: Maltby Title: Victorian investments Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 355-357 Issue: 3 Volume: 21 Year: 2011 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2011.616727 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2011.616727 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:21:y:2011:i:3:p:355-357 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Warwick Funnell Author-X-Name-First: Warwick Author-X-Name-Last: Funnell Title: The information master: Jean-Baptiste Colbert's secret state intelligence system Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 100-103 Issue: 1 Volume: 22 Year: 2012 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2012.653136 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2012.653136 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:22:y:2012:i:1:p:100-103 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bertrand Blancheton Author-X-Name-First: Bertrand Author-X-Name-Last: Blancheton Title: The false balance sheets of the Bank of France and the origins of the Franc crisis, 1924--26 Abstract: This study explores the role of accounting manipulation in a period of economic and political crisis. Recently discovered archival material at the French Ministry of Finance casts new light on the false balance sheets issued by the Bank of France during the 1920s and permits a comprehensive review of the nature and extent of falsification. This episode of accounting manipulation marked a turning point in French monetary policy. It destroyed the credibility of governmental monetary intentions and was the beginning of the second franc crisis. A new interpretation of this episode of national currency depreciation is suggested. In line with Aftalion's (1926) findings, the study identifies the centrality of the psychological influence of note circulation disclosures as a motivation for falsification. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 1-22 Issue: 1 Volume: 22 Year: 2012 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2012.653134 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2012.653134 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:22:y:2012:i:1:p:1-22 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Deirdre M. Collier Author-X-Name-First: Deirdre M. Author-X-Name-Last: Collier Title: A contextual analysis of the development and diffusion of depreciation accounting at the Bell System, 1910--37 Abstract: Managerial accounting innovations often follow new technologies, products or services because new businesses operate in environments that lack established guidelines for the collection and analysis of essential accounting information. The current paper examines the influence of the social and political context on the development, presentation and reception of an accounting innovation by the Bell System, group depreciation. Following the mildly confrontational Progressive years, the 1920s generally provided a pro-business and pro-specialist environment that allowed the firm to develop its innovative methodologies uncontested. During this time, group depreciation, a statistically based methodology, transitioned from accounting innovation to accepted practice. However, during the Depression the relationship between government and industry altered and regulators intervened in ways that acted to the detriment of the firm. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 23-45 Issue: 1 Volume: 22 Year: 2012 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2012.653133 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2012.653133 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:22:y:2012:i:1:p:23-45 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: William J. Jackson Author-X-Name-First: William J. Author-X-Name-Last: Jackson Title: ‘The collector will call’: controlling philanthropy through the annual reports of the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, 1837--1856 Abstract: The annual report is conventionally understood as a mechanism through which those external to an entity receive information about its internal workings as a basis for holding to account those responsible for its stewardship. By contrast the current study examines the role of the annual report as an instrument for rendering external parties visible and accountable to the organisation, their local communities and to themselves. The paper analyses the ways in which the managers of the Edinburgh Royal Infirmary (ERI), an elite voluntary hospital, utilised the disclosure of the names of charitable givers in its annual reports to encourage philanthropic behaviour during the nineteenth century. It is argued that the financiers of the Infirmary were the principal subjects of the annual report and were made accountable through it. As changing economic and demographic circumstances increased pressure on hospital resources, managers of the ERI structured the presentation of data in the annual report in ways designed to encourage individuals and certain groups to question the sufficiency of their benevolence. The study reveals that the annual report has the potential to project accountability onto the self in multi-directional ways, not merely into the interior of the organisation, but also into those exterior social spaces surrounding it. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 47-72 Issue: 1 Volume: 22 Year: 2012 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2012.653132 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2012.653132 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:22:y:2012:i:1:p:47-72 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Frances Miley Author-X-Name-First: Frances Author-X-Name-Last: Miley Author-Name: Andrew Read Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Author-X-Name-Last: Read Title: The implications of supply accounting deficiencies in the Australian Army during the Second World War Abstract: The oral histories of veterans who served in the Australian Army during World War II are used to comment on the practical deficiencies of Army supply accounting procedures during that conflict from the perspective of those in the field. Although the Army thought these procedures were appropriate, the oral histories indicate that they had inadequate feedback loops and reporting mechanisms. This research highlights the critical importance of a military accounting system geared to enhancing war-fighting efficiency and effectiveness. It extends prior research on military accounting by introducing the end-user perspective. This historical research has contemporary relevance as studies continue to identify deficiencies in military accounting. The study highlights the potential consequences for a fighting force on active deployment when deficiencies in military accounting systems are not identified and remedied. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 73-91 Issue: 1 Volume: 22 Year: 2012 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2012.653131 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2012.653131 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:22:y:2012:i:1:p:73-91 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Malcolm Anderson Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson Title: Accounting History Publications 2010 Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 93-97 Issue: 1 Volume: 22 Year: 2012 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2012.653135 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2012.653135 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:22:y:2012:i:1:p:93-97 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robert H. Parker Author-X-Name-First: Robert H. Author-X-Name-Last: Parker Title: Les comptes de groupe en France (1929--1985). Origines, enjeux et pratiques de la consolidation des comptes Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 99-100 Issue: 1 Volume: 22 Year: 2012 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2012.653130 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2012.653130 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:22:y:2012:i:1:p:99-100 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jayne E. Bisman Author-X-Name-First: Jayne E. Author-X-Name-Last: Bisman Title: Budgeting for famine in Tudor England, 1527--1528: social and policy perspectives Abstract: This paper considers a unique budget document of the sixteenth century prepared for the Crown to facilitate decision-making and resource (re)allocation via the market in a period of dearth -- specifically, the Corn Commissions instituted to cope with the East Anglian Famine of 1527--1528. The budgetary procedure is detailed, together with discussion of the economic, political, and social contexts, and the significance of the Commissions as the foundation for subsequent developments in English public welfare policy. The document and policy of the commissions are critically evaluated as mechanisms of political and social control, which produced adverse behavioural responses and social outcomes. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 105-126 Issue: 2 Volume: 22 Year: 2012 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2012.681123 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2012.681123 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:22:y:2012:i:2:p:105-126 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: G. Burrows Author-X-Name-First: G. Author-X-Name-Last: Burrows Author-Name: R. H. Chenhall Author-X-Name-First: R. H. Author-X-Name-Last: Chenhall Title: Target costing: first and second comings Abstract: Contrary to the conventional wisdom that target costing (TC) was a 1960s’ Japanese innovation, it is argued that the same concept, albeit then labelled ‘product tailoring’, first appeared in the 1950s’ Anglophone managerial-economics literature in works linked to economist--consultant Joel Dean. These sources describe a range of North American applications of TC which clearly predate Japanese implementations. It is further argued that in the specifically accounting literature, Gordon Shillinglaw (1967) -- a one-time employee of Dean -- provided the first description of the TC concept. To support these propositions, the post-1990 TC literature is analysed to determine the key characteristics of TC. These phenomena are then shown to be present in the earlier works of Dean and his followers in an oeuvre which can be regarded as the ‘first coming’ of the TC concept. The diffusion of TC concepts is then analysed from two perspectives: as between the USA and Japan at the enterprise level and within and between the economics and accounting literatures. Explanations are then offered for the diffusion patterns identified and for the neglect of the first-coming TC works. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 127-142 Issue: 2 Volume: 22 Year: 2012 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2012.681124 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2012.681124 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:22:y:2012:i:2:p:127-142 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thomas A. Lee Author-X-Name-First: Thomas A. Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: ‘A helpless class of shareholder’: newspapers and the City of Glasgow Bank failure Abstract: The 1878 failure of the City of Glasgow Bank (CGB) was a significant event in the history of auditing and became the catalyst to remove the unlimited liability of bank shareholders. This study assesses the role of newspapers in relation to the failure. Newspapers typically portrayed CGB shareholders as socially vulnerable and financially ruined investors with small shareholdings. The study tests the accuracy of this stereotyping by comparing newspaper accounts with archival data of shareholders’ personal characteristics and financial circumstances. The analyses show that, at failure, CGB shareholders typically had significant shareholdings and were very different from their newspaper stereotype. Post failure, despite extraordinary share calls, a small minority of shareholders entered bankruptcy administration and a large majority revealed signs of relative prosperity. These inconsistencies are reviewed in the context of the Victorian press and an investing middle class. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 143-159 Issue: 2 Volume: 22 Year: 2012 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2012.681125 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2012.681125 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:22:y:2012:i:2:p:143-159 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nicolas Praquin Author-X-Name-First: Nicolas Author-X-Name-Last: Praquin Title: Commercial legislation and the emergence of corporate auditing in France, 1856--1935 Abstract: Enacted in 1856, the Joint-Stock Limited Partnerships Act was the first legislation in France to require joint-stock companies to establish a stewardship mechanism, the so called ‘conseil de surveillance’. Subsequent legislation passed in 1867 partially harmonised the auditing regime for all joint-stock companies until the Decree Law of 1935 strengthened it even further. The creation of new audit and stewardship and monitoring mechanisms within companies was the subject of debate among a number of interested groups including elected officials, entrepreneurs, jurists and the courts. The study demonstrates that, as well as being technical disciplines, accounting and auditing represent a space for social conflict, where their functioning is called into question in the context of political change, financial scandals and ideological shifts. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 161-189 Issue: 2 Volume: 22 Year: 2012 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2012.681127 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2012.681127 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:22:y:2012:i:2:p:161-189 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sam McKinstry Author-X-Name-First: Sam Author-X-Name-Last: McKinstry Title: Personal capitalism and corporate governance: British manufacturing in the first half of the twentieth century Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 191-193 Issue: 2 Volume: 22 Year: 2012 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2012.681126 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2012.681126 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:22:y:2012:i:2:p:191-193 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Josephine Maltby Author-X-Name-First: Josephine Author-X-Name-Last: Maltby Title: ‘To bind the humbler to the more influential and wealthy classes’. Reporting by savings banks in nineteenth century Britain Abstract: The article explores the reporting of the class status and identity of savers by British savings banks in the nineteenth century, during a period of growing interest in statistical reporting as a means of social control. It reviews in detail the annual reports produced by a number of banks and places their form and content in relation to the claims made for the banks’ social contribution. This is set in the context of contemporary social, economic and political debates about the function of savings as a means of educating the poor and strengthening bonds between the elite and the working classes. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 199-225 Issue: 3 Volume: 22 Year: 2012 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2012.724909 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2012.724909 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:22:y:2012:i:3:p:199-225 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ciarán Ó hÓgartaigh Author-X-Name-First: Ciarán Author-X-Name-Last: Ó hÓgartaigh Author-Name: Margaret Ó hÓgartaigh Author-X-Name-First: Margaret Author-X-Name-Last: Ó hÓgartaigh Author-Name: Tom Tyson Author-X-Name-First: Tom Author-X-Name-Last: Tyson Title: ‘Irish property should pay for Irish poverty’: accounting for the poor in pre-famine Ireland Abstract: According to Walker [2004. Expense, social and moral control. Accounting and the administration of the old poor law in England and Wales. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy 23, no. 2: 85--127; 2008. Accounting, paper shadows and the stigmatised poor. Accounting, Organizations and Society 33, no. 4/5: 453--87] accounting contributed to the stigmatisation of the pauper and served to construct the social worlds of the old and new poor laws in England and Wales. Walker's encouragement of further research motivated the current examination of accounting for the poor in Ireland. The focus is on the early, pre-famine years of the Irish Poor Law, 1838--1845 -- a law whose context and content differed in several critical respects from that which prevailed in England and Wales. The study draws on data contained in the minute books of regular meetings of the Castlebar Union's Board of Governors, as well as from the Poor Law Commission's annual summary reports. Analysis of these materials suggests a context in which accounting neither constructed a social world nor stigmatised recipients of poor relief. It is argued that accounting is better viewed as contingent, reflecting the dynamics of a complex, divisive, and highly controversial undertaking -- governmental redistribution of wealth -- during a laissez-faire era when utilitarian and individualistic principles dominated discussions of political economy. From a broad perspective, accounting can be viewed as providing rationality and transparency to a social experiment that was encumbered with moral ambiguity and embedded conflicts of interest. More specifically, accounting texts contain the documentation required by an absentee administrative cadre to monitor expenditures, justify rates on Irish property, and ensure that procedures in the statute were carried out as specified. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 227-248 Issue: 3 Volume: 22 Year: 2012 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2012.724911 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2012.724911 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:22:y:2012:i:3:p:227-248 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Massimo Sargiacomo Author-X-Name-First: Massimo Author-X-Name-Last: Sargiacomo Author-Name: Stefania Servalli Author-X-Name-First: Stefania Author-X-Name-Last: Servalli Author-Name: Paolo Andrei Author-X-Name-First: Paolo Author-X-Name-Last: Andrei Title: Fabio Besta: accounting thinker and accounting history pioneer Abstract: This paper seeks to reveal Fabio Besta (1845--1922) as an important accounting thinker. It attempts to underline his influence on accounting theory, and highlight his major impact on the development of accounting history knowledge. It is shown that Besta, through his accounting thought, founded on a value-based theory and an equity-centred accounting system (sistema patrimoniale), facilitated the shift from a personalistic to a non-personalistic, or materialistic, theory of accounts. It is suggested that Besta's La Ragioneria is a milestone in accounting history. In this work he anticipated the adoption of a comparative international approach to accounting history research, particularly in relation to the exploration of pre-Pacioli double-entry bookkeeping. His work was also important to the dissemination of knowledge about early double-entry bookkeeping practices, and thereby encouraged further investigations by the accounting history community. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 249-267 Issue: 3 Volume: 22 Year: 2012 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2012.728904 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2012.728904 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:22:y:2012:i:3:p:249-267 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Qingmei Xue Author-X-Name-First: Qingmei Author-X-Name-Last: Xue Author-Name: Luca Zan Author-X-Name-First: Luca Author-X-Name-Last: Zan Title: Opening the door to accounting change. Transformations in Chinese public sector accounting Abstract: Accounting has changed radically in China over the last 30 years, a transformation which is associated with one of the most astonishing episodes of economic development witnessed in modern times. Most researchers of accounting in China focus their attention on contemporary business accounting or identify challenges for the future. This article takes a different perspective. First, it investigates accounting changes in the Chinese public sector. It explores how public sector accounting has been involved in the process of modernizing the state bureaucracy. Second, the article takes a historical viewpoint and attempts to understand the changes in public sector accounting regulation which have taken place in recent decades. We identify various streams of regulation and waves of policy outputs over time. Four main phases of continuity and change are also located, providing a framework in which future researchers may analyze accounting developments in the post-Open Door period. We define these phases as: restoration, revision, innovation and maintenance. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 269-299 Issue: 3 Volume: 22 Year: 2012 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2012.724912 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2012.724912 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:22:y:2012:i:3:p:269-299 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Malcolm Anderson Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson Title: Accounting History publications 2011 Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 301-305 Issue: 3 Volume: 22 Year: 2012 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2012.728906 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2012.728906 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:22:y:2012:i:3:p:301-305 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robert J. Morris Author-X-Name-First: Robert J. Author-X-Name-Last: Morris Title: Men, women and money. Perspectives on gender, wealth and investment, 1850--1930 Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 307-309 Issue: 3 Volume: 22 Year: 2012 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2012.724910 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2012.724910 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:22:y:2012:i:3:p:307-309 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Coronella Author-X-Name-First: S. Author-X-Name-Last: Coronella Author-Name: A. Lombrano Author-X-Name-First: A. Author-X-Name-Last: Lombrano Author-Name: L. Zanin Author-X-Name-First: L. Author-X-Name-Last: Zanin Title: State accounting innovations in pre-unification Italy Abstract: The paper presents a comparative analysis of the governmental accounting systems deployed in the main Italian states between 1815 and 1861. The accounting practices of the pre-unification states are described and the main accounting innovations are discussed. The study emphasizes the relationships between the regime type, political structures and the development of state accounting systems. It is suggested that the imposition of the accounting model of the Kingdom of Sardinia throughout Italy, following unification, resulted in the loss of some important accounting innovations developed by other pre-unification states. Parallels between accounting unification in nineteenth-century Italy and the current accounting standardization process advocated by the International Public Sector Accounting Standards are made. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 1-21 Issue: 1 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 03 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2013.773641 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2013.773641 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:23:y:2013:i:1:p:1-21 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: William J. Jackson Author-X-Name-First: William J. Author-X-Name-Last: Jackson Author-Name: Audrey S. Paterson Author-X-Name-First: Audrey S. Author-X-Name-Last: Paterson Author-Name: Christopher K.M. Pong Author-X-Name-First: Christopher K.M. Author-X-Name-Last: Pong Author-Name: Simona Scarparo Author-X-Name-First: Simona Author-X-Name-Last: Scarparo Title: Doctors under the microscope: the birth of medical audit Abstract: In 1989 a UK government White Paper introduced medical audit as a comprehensive and statutory system of assessment and improvement in quality of care in hospitals. A considerable body of research has described the evolution of medical audit in terms of a struggle between doctors and National Health Service managers over control of quality assurance. In this paper we examine the emergence of medical audit from 1910 to the early 1950s, with a particular focus on the pioneering work of the American surgeons Codman, MacEachern and Ponton. It is contended that medical professionals initially created medical audit in order to articulate a suitable methodology for assessing individual and organisational performance. Rather than a means of protecting the medical profession from public scrutiny, medical auditing was conceived and operationalised as a managerial tool for fostering the active engagement of senior hospital managers and discharging public accountability. These early debates reveal how accounting was implicated in the development of a system for monitoring and improving the work of medical professionals, advancing the quality of hospital care, and was advocated in ways, which included rather than excluded managers. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 23-47 Issue: 1 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 03 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2013.773638 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2013.773638 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:23:y:2013:i:1:p:23-47 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cheryl S. McWatters Author-X-Name-First: Cheryl S. Author-X-Name-Last: McWatters Author-Name: Yannick Lemarchand Author-X-Name-First: Yannick Author-X-Name-Last: Lemarchand Title: Merchant networks and accounting discourse: the role of accounting transactions in network relations Abstract: Adopting an archival-based, historical methods approach to the study of eighteenth-century merchant trading networks, we analyse base accounting transactions to demonstrate how accounting discourse was a critical conduit via which these commercial networks developed and were sustained. This study contributes to the extant literature on the place of social networks in fostering the growth of merchant capitalism by introducing the crucial role of accounting in this process. The use of social network analysis is novel in accounting history and reinforces the value of a combined qualitative--quantitative approach to historical studies of accounting. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 49-83 Issue: 1 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 03 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2013.773632 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2013.773632 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:23:y:2013:i:1:p:49-83 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. El Omari Author-X-Name-First: S. Author-X-Name-Last: El Omari Author-Name: J.-L. Rossignol Author-X-Name-First: J.-L. Author-X-Name-Last: Rossignol Author-Name: M. Saboly Author-X-Name-First: M. Author-X-Name-Last: Saboly Title: The search for unity in the French accountancy profession, 1969--1996 Abstract: The French accountancy profession is represented by two principal professional organisations, one comprising experts-comptables, or chartered accountants, and the other commissaires aux comptes, or auditors. Following the organisation of the audit profession in 1969, attempts have been made to form a single accountancy profession. The paper analyses the unsuccessful attempts to achieve unification from the 1970s to the 1990s. It is shown that the motivation for unification mutated over the focal period. Changing organisational elites played significant roles in furthering and hindering attempts at merger. The intervention of the state was a source of confusion and added complexity to professional discourses. The existence of unions (syndicats) and associations within the professional organisations is revealed as a peculiar and significant feature of professional configurations in France. The increasing presence of large international firms in France also impacted on the debate. Despite increased cooperation between the two professional groups, unification was not achieved. Divergent visions of the professional model, personal differences between organisational actors and the fragmentation of interests within the two professions ensured the preservation of organisational separatism. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 85-105 Issue: 1 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 03 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2013.773637 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2013.773637 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:23:y:2013:i:1:p:85-105 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sean McCartney Author-X-Name-First: Sean Author-X-Name-Last: McCartney Title: Inside the illicit economy: reconstructing the smugglers' trade of sixteenth century Bristol Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 107-108 Issue: 1 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 03 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2013.773633 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2013.773633 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:23:y:2013:i:1:p:107-108 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Béatrice Touchelay Author-X-Name-First: Béatrice Author-X-Name-Last: Touchelay Title: La comptabilité publique en Europe 1500--1850 Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 109-111 Issue: 1 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2013.773634 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2013.773634 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:23:y:2013:i:1:p:109-111 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stephen P. Walker Author-X-Name-First: Stephen P. Author-X-Name-Last: Walker Title: Major contributors to the British accounting profession: a biographical sourcebook Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 112-114 Issue: 1 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2013.773636 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2013.773636 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:23:y:2013:i:1:p:112-114 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anthony J. Arnold Author-X-Name-First: Anthony J. Author-X-Name-Last: Arnold Title: Assessing the financial performance of Pergamon Press, 1964--1980 Abstract: Pergamon Press had major effects on the development of post-war UK corporate reporting. This paper examines Pergamon's financial performance between 1964, when it became a public company, and 1980 when it began the takeover of one of the largest printing businesses in the country, using performance measures based upon newly constructed cash flow statements, on the 'normalised' version of the accruals-based profit concept that was applied at the time and the more fundamental, 'all-inclusive' approach. It draws conclusions about Pergamon's progress and the effects on that company of the developments of the time in the evolution of the profit concept. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 117-139 Issue: 2 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2013.805505 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2013.805505 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:23:y:2013:i:2:p:117-139 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Diane H. Roberts Author-X-Name-First: Diane H. Author-X-Name-Last: Roberts Title: Women in accounting occupations in the 1880 US Census Abstract: This article critically examines the characteristics of women who self report as accountants, auditors, or bookkeepers in the 1880 US Census. Census schedule images are used to explore their early lives and later occupations. The year 1880 predates the earliest US Certified Public Accountant (CPA) legislation, thus devices professions traditionally use to achieve closure were not yet in place. By 1900 both legal and credential barriers to the accounting profession were enacted. It is shown that young women were drawn to these accounting occupations for relatively short periods of time. Evidences of coding errors in the census database related to women in accounting occupations are discussed. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 141-160 Issue: 2 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2013.803744 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2013.803744 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:23:y:2013:i:2:p:141-160 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lúcia Lima Rodrigues Author-X-Name-First: Lúcia Lima Author-X-Name-Last: Rodrigues Author-Name: Alan Sangster Author-X-Name-First: Alan Author-X-Name-Last: Sangster Title: The role of the state in the development of accounting in the Portuguese--Brazilian Empire, 1750--1822 Abstract: This paper explores the role of the state in the development of accounting in the Portuguese--Brazilian Empire (1750--1822) in the context of economic and political transformations. In this period, the interrelations of accounting and the state were central to understanding accounting change in Portugal and Brazil. Through control of accounting education, organization of the accounting occupation, rules of corporate governance and governmental accounting itself, governments adopted accounting technologies in an effort to shape and normalize decisions in order to achieve desirable objectives for the empire. This was particularly so during the reigns of D. Jos� I and D. João VI: the former was responsible for initiatives to improve control over and connect the empire, including the spread of use of double-entry bookkeeping in the Portuguese metropolis; the latter was responsible for initiatives to achieve the same ends once the metropolis moved to Brazil. This paper uses primary and secondary sources to present and contrast those initiatives and the reasoning behind them. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 161-184 Issue: 2 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2013.803758 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2013.803758 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:23:y:2013:i:2:p:161-184 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Philippe Touron Author-X-Name-First: Philippe Author-X-Name-Last: Touron Author-Name: Peter Daly Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Daly Title: The internationalization of accounting policy in a soft-law context: the case of Renault, 1980--1984 Abstract: Drawing on institutional theory, this study analyses the internationalization of Renault's consolidated financial statements from 1981 to 1984. This involved the voluntary adoption of International Accounting Standards (IAS), subsequent changes of accounting policy and certification by an international auditor. The paper questions why a state-owned French company began to prepare its consolidated accounts in accordance with IAS and why it selected auditors from the 'Big Eight' firms. It is shown that the adoption of IAS was directly linked to internationalization and that accounting policy was loosely coupled to standards in a way that left room for earnings management. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 185-212 Issue: 2 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2013.803761 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2013.803761 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:23:y:2013:i:2:p:185-212 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jayne E. Bisman Author-X-Name-First: Jayne E. Author-X-Name-Last: Bisman Title: Bread and ale for the brethren: the provisioning of Norwich Cathedral Priory, 1260--1536 Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 213-215 Issue: 2 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2013.803746 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2013.803746 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:23:y:2013:i:2:p:213-215 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Richard Edwards Author-X-Name-First: John Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards Title: A country merchant 1495--1520: trading and farming at the end of the middle ages Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 215-218 Issue: 2 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2013.803748 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2013.803748 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:23:y:2013:i:2:p:215-218 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard K. Fleischman Author-X-Name-First: Richard K. Author-X-Name-Last: Fleischman Title: A history of management accounting: the British experience Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 218-221 Issue: 2 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2013.803754 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2013.803754 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:23:y:2013:i:2:p:218-221 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David M. Brock Author-X-Name-First: David M. Author-X-Name-Last: Brock Author-Name: Alan J. Richardson Author-X-Name-First: Alan J. Author-X-Name-Last: Richardson Title: The development of the accounting profession in the Holy Land since 1920: cultural memory and accounting institutions Abstract: This study provides a history of the Israel accounting profession using a periodization strategy that identifies major shifts in the legal and economic environment of Israel and traces the effect of these changes on the institutional structure of accountancy. Specifically, four periods are identified, each with distinct accounting institutions: British influence (1920--1948), state building (1948--1977), market model (1977--1994), and globalization (1994--present). The focus is on various effects of culture on the development of the profession and how cultural tendencies, reflected in cultural memory and collective identity, interact with the imposition of institutional structures by a foreign power and by integration into a global economy. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 227-252 Issue: 3 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2013.850926 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2013.850926 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:23:y:2013:i:3:p:227-252 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Philip O'Regan Author-X-Name-First: Philip Author-X-Name-Last: O'Regan Title: Usurpationary closure and the professional project: the case of the Society of Incorporated Accountants and Auditors in Ireland Abstract: In 1901, a group of accountants in Ireland, some of whom were prominent members of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in Ireland, formed an Irish Branch of the Society of Incorporated Accountants and Auditors. Adopting Weber's model of social closure, and Witz' notion of 'usurpationary closure', this paper looks at the origins and development of this Branch of the Society in Ireland. This case reflects the dynamic and variable nature of the professionalization process. Illustrating the manner in which the Society vigorously pursued its own closure strategy, it emphasises the key role that local exigencies may play as well as the unique dynamics prompted by multiple memberships. In the process, it demonstrates how such strategies can contribute to organisational proliferation. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 253-271 Issue: 3 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2013.866353 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2013.866353 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:23:y:2013:i:3:p:253-271 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rebecca L. Orelli Author-X-Name-First: Rebecca L. Author-X-Name-Last: Orelli Author-Name: Carlotta del Sordo Author-X-Name-First: Carlotta Author-X-Name-Last: del Sordo Author-Name: Massimo Fornasari Author-X-Name-First: Massimo Author-X-Name-Last: Fornasari Title: Credit and accounting in early modern Italy: the case of the Monte di Piet� in Bologna Abstract: The foundation of Monti di Piet� by Franciscan friars in the fifteenth century represented a response to the problems of usury and difficult access to consumer credit. Some historians have highlighted the bank-like nature of the Monti, while others have considered them as economic institutions. This paper explores the case of the Monte di Piet� in Bologna during the early modern era, with particular reference to its governance model and its accounting and internal control practices. The presence of a well-preserved archive made it possible to perform a depth investigation of the emergence of accounting as a tool of control of the Monte. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 273-293 Issue: 3 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2013.850925 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2013.850925 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:23:y:2013:i:3:p:273-293 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lori L. Solsma Author-X-Name-First: Lori L. Author-X-Name-Last: Solsma Author-Name: Dale L. Flesher Author-X-Name-First: Dale L. Author-X-Name-Last: Flesher Title: Exploring the clientele of an accounting firm in early twentieth century America Abstract: An examination of Haskins and Sells' engagement letters for the period from 1901 to 1903 exposes the history of one of the oldest national accounting firms with American-born partners. The early twentieth century engagement letters of Haskins and Sells (now Deloitte) provide evidence of the demand for accounting services, the types of clients serviced, the types of services provided, and the need for audited (certified) work during this era. The engagement letters also provide evidence of the developing jurisdiction of professional accountants and the shift in the primary audit objective from fraud detection to an assurance of the quality of reported financial condition and earnings. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 295-315 Issue: 3 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2013.850936 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2013.850936 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:23:y:2013:i:3:p:295-315 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Malcolm Anderson Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson Title: Accounting History publications 2012 Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 317-322 Issue: 3 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2013.850927 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2013.850927 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:23:y:2013:i:3:p:317-322 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Philip Colquhoun Author-X-Name-First: Philip Author-X-Name-Last: Colquhoun Title: The fiscal case against statehood: accounting for statehood in New Mexico and Arizona Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 323-325 Issue: 3 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2013.850923 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2013.850923 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:23:y:2013:i:3:p:323-325 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: William J. Jackson Author-X-Name-First: William J. Author-X-Name-Last: Jackson Title: A history of management thought Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 325-328 Issue: 3 Volume: 23 Year: 2013 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2013.850924 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2013.850924 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:23:y:2013:i:3:p:325-328 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cheryl Susan McWatters Author-X-Name-First: Cheryl Susan Author-X-Name-Last: McWatters Title: Historical accounts, conversations and contexts Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 1-5 Issue: 1 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2014.923596 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2014.923596 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:24:y:2014:i:1:p:1-5 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Claus Holm Author-X-Name-First: Claus Author-X-Name-Last: Holm Title: Civil and common law influences on the Danish auditor's responsibilities in relation to fraud Abstract: We use a legal perspective to examine how the role of auditors in Denmark has been defined and the auditor's responsibilities in relation to fraud have been determined. The study draws on laws, legal cases and documents produced by professional organisations. We show that developments during the twentieth century were conditioned by the central legislative role of the Danish state combined with a hands-off approach to enforcing new law provisions. While the organising role of the state was consistent with the Roman civil law tradition, the implications of legislative absences, and later provisions in the form of 'general principles legislature', ensured that the role of the auditor was defined as a result of market forces and the judicial processes of the courts. We observe that in the Danish legal system important interpretative powers are granted to the courts in line with case law traditions in common law systems. An examination of fraud cases handled by the courts and disciplinary tribunals suggests that an important role was played by the professional organisation in Denmark. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 7-26 Issue: 1 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2014.880582 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2014.880582 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:24:y:2014:i:1:p:7-26 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pierre Labardin Author-X-Name-First: Pierre Author-X-Name-Last: Labardin Title: The spatial downgrading of accounting clerks: the case of Pont-�-Mousson Abstract: Research into accountancy has concentrated largely on professional accountants and has tended to ignore accounting clerks. Based on a micro-historical approach and the case of a French company as a starting point, this study explores the evolution of workspace and demonstrates how the space allocated to accountants changed during the inter-war period. We adopt Bourdieu's notion of social space to bring together spatial practices and overhead cost calculations, and Foucault's analysis of space to define office space mobility. This work sheds light on the influence of Taylorism on the accounting world, how it affected accounting clerks and, finally, the social downgrading that resulted from the reconfiguration of workspaces. This research contributes to the history of the workspace and to the history of the separation between accounting clerks and chartered accountants. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 27-45 Issue: 1 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2014.916224 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2014.916224 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:24:y:2014:i:1:p:27-45 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Francesco Guidi-Bruscoli Author-X-Name-First: Francesco Author-X-Name-Last: Guidi-Bruscoli Title: Trade and Institutions in the Medieval Mediterranean: The Geniza Merchants and their Business World Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 49-50 Issue: 1 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2014.880581 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2014.880581 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:24:y:2014:i:1:p:49-50 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Josephine Maltby Author-X-Name-First: Josephine Author-X-Name-Last: Maltby Title: A nation of small shareholders: marketing Wall Street after World War II Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 51-52 Issue: 1 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2014.880583 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2014.880583 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:24:y:2014:i:1:p:51-52 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Warwick Funnell Author-X-Name-First: Warwick Author-X-Name-Last: Funnell Author-Name: Stephen P. Walker Author-X-Name-First: Stephen P. Author-X-Name-Last: Walker Title: Accounting for victory Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 57-60 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2014.970799 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2014.970799 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:24:y:2014:i:2-3:p:57-60 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anthony J. Arnold Author-X-Name-First: Anthony J. Author-X-Name-Last: Arnold Title: 'A paradise for profiteers'? The importance and treatment of profits during the First World War Abstract: When the First World War started, the British government adopted a policy of 'business as usual'. This came under pressure as a result of both military difficulties and public concerns over 'profiteering', leading to discussions between the government and interest groups and the 'Treasury agreement' in 1915. The agreement paved the way for the transition to a 'total war economy' that was central to the war effort. This paper examines the process that raised industrial profit levels to such political importance during the war and the ways in which profits were treated by the government during and immediately after the war. Corporate secrecy, suspicions that the state was less than even-handed in its dealings with capital and labour, and individual instances of high profits increased public concern, but did not establish the true levels of profit making. The study reviews the available information on profits and also provides new data on the distribution of those profits across a number of major industrial groups in order to provide a more definitive perspective on the extent to which the business sector was or was not able to 'profiteer' during the First World War. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 61-81 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2014.963950 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2014.963950 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:24:y:2014:i:2-3:p:61-81 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mark Billings Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Billings Author-Name: Lynne Oats Author-X-Name-First: Lynne Author-X-Name-Last: Oats Title: Innovation and pragmatism in tax design: Excess Profits Duty in the UK during the First World War Abstract: In this article, we examine the design and administration of Excess Profits Duty (EPD), introduced in the UK in 1915. This represented a significant innovation as the country's first comprehensive attempt to tax 'excessive' business profits. EPD was a complex tax which had two objectives: to generate additional revenues to help fund dramatically increased wartime government expenditure and to curb 'profiteering'. Although criticised on numerous grounds, we argue that the tax was surprisingly successful. For all its defects, it generated very substantial revenues, and its design and administration proved flexible and robust in coping with the uncertainties of war. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 83-101 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2014.963951 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2014.963951 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:24:y:2014:i:2-3:p:83-101 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Janette Rutterford Author-X-Name-First: Janette Author-X-Name-Last: Rutterford Author-Name: Peter Walton Author-X-Name-First: Peter Author-X-Name-Last: Walton Title: The war, taxation and the Blackpool Tower Company Abstract: This paper explores the impact of the Great War on the Blackpool Tower Company (BTC), in particular on profits and taxation. It uses archival material on BTC to chart the impact on it of wartime imposed excess profits duty (EPD) and entertainments tax (ET) and the extent of its disclosures to shareholders on these and related subjects. BTC reacted to increased profits and new taxes by investing surpluses in War Loan, by varying dividends, and by reducing distributable profits through transfers to declared and secret reserves. It did not fully disclose to shareholders the impact of either EPD or ET. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 103-117 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2014.963954 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2014.963954 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:24:y:2014:i:2-3:p:103-117 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Fabien Cardoni Author-X-Name-First: Fabien Author-X-Name-Last: Cardoni Title: The 'science' of French public finances in the First World War Abstract: This study examines the beliefs of the two main French schools of thought, mainly the ideas of Paul Leroy-Beaulieu and Gaston J�ze, which sought to influence the management of public finances, and their impact on the financing of the First World War by the French government. It highlights debates during the war on the best approach to deal with the extraordinary financial demands of the war and the experiences and influence of foreign governments on French financial management practices. The last part examines how the war affected qualitatively the French public finances, the financial dogmas, and the scientific approach to public finance. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 119-138 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2014.967931 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2014.967931 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:24:y:2014:i:2-3:p:119-138 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Valerio Antonelli Author-X-Name-First: Valerio Author-X-Name-Last: Antonelli Author-Name: Raffaele D'Alessio Author-X-Name-First: Raffaele Author-X-Name-Last: D'Alessio Author-Name: Roberto Rossi Author-X-Name-First: Roberto Author-X-Name-Last: Rossi Title: Budgetary practices in the Ministry of War and the Ministry of Munitions in Italy, 1915-1918 Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to examine state budgeting for the costs of the First World War (WWI) in Italy. Troops, weapons and munitions were initially managed by the Ministry of War (1915-1917) and then jointly with the Ministry of Munitions (1917-1918). The change was intended to improve efficiency, cut costs and prevent fraud and corruption. However, the budgetary system proved incapable of achieving these aims. The ministry budgets were adjusted in wartime to disclose the additional costs of pursuing the conflict in a generalised way. Before the war, the budget report contained 101 items. When the war broke out only one additional category was added 'War Expenses' even though this comprised 90% of total costs by the end of the conflict. Drawing on a range of primary sources the paper analyses likely reasons for limited disclosures about the cost of the war, and emphasises the role of economic and political elites and systems of procurement. The experience of Italy in WWI confirms that budgeting is a socio-political, as well as a technical process. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 139-160 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2014.964015 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2014.964015 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:24:y:2014:i:2-3:p:139-160 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: F.M. Miley Author-X-Name-First: F.M. Author-X-Name-Last: Miley Author-Name: A.F. Read Author-X-Name-First: A.F. Author-X-Name-Last: Read Title: Cartoons as alternative accounting: front-line supply in the First World War Abstract: The accounting system that supported the provision of supplies to the Western Front during the First World War had some inadequacies from the perspective of the soldier on the front line. These inadequacies are revealed through the cartoons drawn by Bruce Bairnsfather, a front-line officer in the British Army. Our examination shows that cartoons can provide source material for accounting histories. It also shows that cartoons can be considered as a form of accounting themselves and, in doing so, stretches the epistemological boundaries of accounting. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 161-189 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2014.967932 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2014.967932 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:24:y:2014:i:2-3:p:161-189 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin Quinn Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Quinn Author-Name: William J. Jackson Author-X-Name-First: William J. Author-X-Name-Last: Jackson Title: Accounting for war risk costs: management accounting change at Guinness during the First World War Abstract: This paper explores management accounting change at the St. James's Gate Brewery of Arthur Guinness & Sons Ltd brought about by the effects of the First World War (WWI). In particular, how additional war risk costs were accounted for internally is revealed. Using organisational routines as a theoretical backdrop, new management accounting practices are interpreted. These new practices allocated war risk costs incurred by head office (in Dublin) to other parts of the company. The key role of existing management accounting routines in the formation of new routines is also revealed. Although WWI was an exogenous driver of change, endogenous change also featured as existing practices guided the creation/adaptation of routines. In essence, accountants within the Guinness Company drew upon their existing knowledge to deal with a new and complex scenario (i.e. the war). Thus, change and stability went hand in hand. Although change did occur, it was moderate and more adaptive, which signifies that existing accounting routines were strong and adaptable to major drivers of change such as WWI. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 191-209 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2014.963953 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2014.963953 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:24:y:2014:i:2-3:p:191-209 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dale L. Flesher Author-X-Name-First: Dale L. Author-X-Name-Last: Flesher Author-Name: Gary J. Previts Author-X-Name-First: Gary J. Author-X-Name-Last: Previts Title: Haskins & Sells during the First World War and its aftermath Abstract: The First World War is often perceived as primarily a European conflict, yet the USA was involved first through the supply of financial and manufacturing resources, and subsequently as a combatant. This paper relates ways the war affected a US accounting firm, Haskins & Sells (H&S) - now Deloitte - then one of the fastest growing public accounting firms in the world. It notes a new service demand related to income taxes, a visionary peace plan proposed by one of its partners and the involvement in the post-war liquidation commission. The study also discusses the employment of women in the firm as men reported for military duty and the consequences for the progress of women in the accountancy profession. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 211-225 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2014.963952 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2014.963952 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:24:y:2014:i:2-3:p:211-225 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Malcolm Anderson Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson Title: Accounting History publications 2013 Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 227-233 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2014.952070 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2014.952070 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:24:y:2014:i:2-3:p:227-233 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jochen Hoock Author-X-Name-First: Jochen Author-X-Name-Last: Hoock Title: Merchants and profit in the age of commerce, 1680-1830 Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 235-237 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 24 Year: 2014 Month: 11 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2014.964080 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2014.964080 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:24:y:2014:i:2-3:p:235-237 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lan Peng Author-X-Name-First: Lan Author-X-Name-Last: Peng Author-Name: Alistair Brown Author-X-Name-First: Alistair Author-X-Name-Last: Brown Title: The milieu of accountability of early companies in the Qīng Dynasty: evidence from the Sh�nghǎi-based print media Abstract: This study looks at evidence from the Sh�nghǎi (Shanghai)-based print media of the accountability of early Chinese companies from the middle period of the Qīng (Qing) Dynasty when the Opium War broke out in 1840 until the imperial monarchy's overthrow in the revolution of 1911. The Qīng Dynasty is known for its technical accounting stagnation. Yet, an examination of the Sh�nghǎi-based print media shows the existence of a strong sense of public reporting by early companies of the Qīng Dynasty. The findings of this study indicate that the print media displayed a rich milieu of accountability of these early companies by incorporating components of Western and Chinese benchmarks of accountability expressed in commercial metrics and key financial ratios. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 1-26 Issue: 1 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2014.951373 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2014.951373 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:25:y:2015:i:1:p:1-26 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Christopher Hoag Author-X-Name-First: Christopher Author-X-Name-Last: Hoag Title: National bank window dressing, 1866-1871 Abstract: Market observers accused national banks of window dressing their balance sheets after the American Civil War. A test of window dressing compares two distinct series of legal tender reserves of Philadelphia banks from 1866 to 1871. The test provides some evidence that Philadelphia banks window dressed aggregate legal tender reserves by about 6%. At least in the aggregate, bank window dressing was not overly large during this period. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 27-41 Issue: 1 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2015.1004550 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2015.1004550 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:25:y:2015:i:1:p:27-41 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lúcia Lima Rodrigues Author-X-Name-First: Lúcia Lima Author-X-Name-Last: Rodrigues Author-Name: Russell James Craig Author-X-Name-First: Russell James Author-X-Name-Last: Craig Author-Name: Paulo Schmidt Author-X-Name-First: Paulo Author-X-Name-Last: Schmidt Author-Name: Jos� Luis Santos Author-X-Name-First: Jos� Luis Author-X-Name-Last: Santos Title: Documenting, monetising and taxing Brazilian slaves in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries Abstract: Although Brazil imported more African slaves than any other country in the Americas, knowledge of the accounting and taxation of slave-related transactions in Brazil is under-developed. We explore Portuguese-language documents showing how accounting and taxation were implicated in maintaining slavery in Brazil in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. The study presents examples of key documents involving slaves (such as inventory lists, rental agreements, insurance policies, and receipts) and explains how slave-related transactions were recorded and taxed. We enable important comparisons to be drawn with the accounting and taxation of slaves in the USA and British West Indies. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 43-67 Issue: 1 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2014.946935 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2014.946935 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:25:y:2015:i:1:p:43-67 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Paul F. Williams Author-X-Name-First: Paul F. Author-X-Name-Last: Williams Title: The reckoning: financial accountability and the rise and fall of nations Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 69-73 Issue: 1 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2014.1003699 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2014.1003699 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:25:y:2015:i:1:p:69-73 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thomas A Lee Author-X-Name-First: Thomas A Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: 'A different army of the talented': negative outliers in the rise of professionalism in Victorian public accountancy Abstract: This paper studies two gentlemen-professionals as negative outliers in Victorian public accountancy to provide an alternative perspective on late nineteenth-century practitioners. The gentlemen-professionals are London chartered accountants James and William Waddell who fled to New York in 1883 when new bankruptcy legislation exposed their embezzlement of creditor funds. As gentlemen-professionals anxious to demonstrate their social class and status, the brothers are studied in insolvency practice in London and as expert accountants in New York despite local knowledge of their prior misbehaviour. The paper concludes social class and status provide a useful research lens with which to study Victorian public accountants. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 77-95 Issue: 2 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2015.1055506 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2015.1055506 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:25:y:2015:i:2:p:77-95 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anne Pezet Author-X-Name-First: Anne Author-X-Name-Last: Pezet Author-Name: Samuel Sponem Author-X-Name-First: Samuel Author-X-Name-Last: Sponem Title: The role of accounting in the making of the bank customer: transferring capital 'd'une main OISIVE dans une main LABORIEUSE' Abstract: This article explores the role that accounting played in the development and transformation of a new banking model created at the end of the nineteenth century in a context influenced by the ideas of Saint-Simon. The Saint-Simonian doctrine emphasised the economic necessity to massively finance the growth of the industrial sector. Deposit banks such as the Cr�dit Lyonnais were intended to drain dormant capital from savers, even the most modest, and direct it towards industry, the heart of economic activity. This development model required the implementation of an accounting system, in part non-financial, in order to manage the many customers and local branches. We will show how the accounting system revealed a significant increase in the overheads linked to the new economic model and how this triggered the emergence of a new figure, the paying customer, whose income was to be captured. Accounting played a decisive role in the transformation by showing the costs of the draining policy. This revelation led the Cr�dit Lyonnais to draw away from the Saint-Simonian doctrine. Savers would gradually be transformed into paying customers subject to banking fees, prefiguring the bank of the twentieth century with its resolutely capitalist logic. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 97-120 Issue: 2 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2015.1052528 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2015.1052528 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:25:y:2015:i:2:p:97-120 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Valerio Antonelli Author-X-Name-First: Valerio Author-X-Name-Last: Antonelli Author-Name: Massimo Sargiacomo Author-X-Name-First: Massimo Author-X-Name-Last: Sargiacomo Title: Alberto Ceccherelli (1885-1958): pioneer in the history of accounting practice and leader in international dissemination Abstract: This paper seeks to reveal Alberto Ceccherelli (1885-1958), a student of the Italian accounting scholar Fabio Besta, as an important pioneer in the history of accounting practice. Ceccherelli based his accounting history research programme on the thorough review of the surviving business records of medieval Tuscan firms and the critical investigation of the origins of accounting systems, balance sheets and early cost-accounting methods and records. This paper also illuminates his leading role in the dissemination of international accounting history through his works, and especially his seminal and widely referenced publication, I libri di mercatura della Banca Medici e l'applicazione della partita doppia a Firenze nel secolo decimoquarto [Merchant Books of the Medici Bank, and Double-Entry Bookkeeping in Florence at the Beginning of the 14th Century]. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 121-144 Issue: 2 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2015.1046890 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2015.1046890 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:25:y:2015:i:2:p:121-144 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin R.W. Hiebl Author-X-Name-First: Martin R.W. Author-X-Name-Last: Hiebl Author-Name: Martin Quinn Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Quinn Author-Name: Carmen Mart�nez Franco Author-X-Name-First: Carmen Author-X-Name-Last: Mart�nez Franco Title: An analysis of the role of a Chief Accountant at Guinness c. 1920-1940 Abstract: Contemporary studies on the role of Chief Financial Officers create a picture that a radical change in the 1960s created such a role. Predecessor-positions were more focused on transaction-processing aspects of accounting. While historical accounting publications shed some doubt on this assumption, they lack detail on the roles and tasks of such predecessors in the early parts of the twentieth century. Here, we provide a more in-depth analysis of a chief accountant in the period from 1920 to 1940 at Arthur Guinness, Son & Company Ltd. Informed by concepts from Old Institutional Economics, our evidence suggests that the Chief Accountant at Guinness has much in common with a modern-day role. In contrast, we find that even in the first half of the twentieth century before any substantial company law or regulation of accounting, the Chief Accountant was not only doing accounting, but also significantly advising top management, managing risks and interacting with external financiers. This analysis suggests a more gradual development of the role and tasks of internal accountants than that suggested by some contemporary literature. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 145-165 Issue: 2 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2015.1060509 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2015.1060509 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:25:y:2015:i:2:p:145-165 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sebastian Felten Author-X-Name-First: Sebastian Author-X-Name-Last: Felten Title: Accounting evolution to 1400: how to explain the emergence of new accounting techniques? Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 167-171 Issue: 2 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2015.1052194 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2015.1052194 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:25:y:2015:i:2:p:167-171 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Florian Gebreiter Author-X-Name-First: Florian Author-X-Name-Last: Gebreiter Author-Name: William J Jackson Author-X-Name-First: William J Author-X-Name-Last: Jackson Title: Fertile ground: the history of accounting in hospitals Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 177-182 Issue: 3 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2015.1086557 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2015.1086557 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:25:y:2015:i:3:p:177-182 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Florian Gebreiter Author-X-Name-First: Florian Author-X-Name-Last: Gebreiter Title: Hospital accounting and the history of health-care rationing Abstract: Focussing on the period from 1948 to 1997, this paper examines the history of rationing in the British National Health Service (NHS), with special reference to the role of hospital accounting in this context. The paper suggests that concerns regarding rationing first emerged in the 1960s and 1970s in response to the application of economic theories to the health services, and that rationing only became an issue of wider concern when the NHS increasingly came to resemble economic models of health services in the early 1990s. The paper moreover argues that, unlike in the USA, hospital accounting did not play a significant role in allocating or withholding health resources in Britain. Rudimentary information systems as well as resistance from medical professionals are identified as significant factors in this context. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 183-199 Issue: 3 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2015.1086559 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2015.1086559 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:25:y:2015:i:3:p:183-199 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dale L. Flesher Author-X-Name-First: Dale L. Author-X-Name-Last: Flesher Author-Name: Annette Pridgen Author-X-Name-First: Annette Author-X-Name-Last: Pridgen Title: The development of hospital financial accounting in the USA Abstract: This paper examines the history of financial accounting in American hospitals from the turn of the twentieth century to the present. It argues that, prior to the 1970s, the financial accounting practices of hospitals differed significantly from their counterparts in the business world as health-service organisations, institutions and legislation rather than accounting bodies and standards were the principal influence on their development. The paper moreover argues that the increasing influence of the Financial Accounting Standards Board on financial accounting in American hospitals has resulted in a growing convergence between accounting practices in hospitals and the wider economy since the early 1970s. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 201-217 Issue: 3 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2015.1086558 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2015.1086558 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:25:y:2015:i:3:p:201-217 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Laurence Ferry Author-X-Name-First: Laurence Author-X-Name-Last: Ferry Author-Name: Simona Scarparo Author-X-Name-First: Simona Author-X-Name-Last: Scarparo Title: An era of governance through performance management - New Labour's National Health Service from 1997 to 2010 Abstract: In 1997, the New Labour government inherited a 'crisis' in the UK National Health Service from the outgoing Conservative government. To address this perceived crisis, New Labour offered investment and, contrary to expectations, further neo-liberal health service reforms. In particular, the government extended the scope of performance management beyond financial numbers to encompass all aspects of managerial and organisational performance. Drawing on an analytics of government framework, this paper demonstrates how reforms were framed and given meaning through a framework of hierarchical accountability and centralised control. These panoptical arrangements relied on performance-management technologies of targets and ratings, which were linked to patient choice and a prospective funding system called 'Payment by Results'. In turn, these top-down technologies disciplined knowledge, identity, and visibility and control of practice. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 219-238 Issue: 3 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2015.1091673 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2015.1091673 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:25:y:2015:i:3:p:219-238 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Margit Malmmose Author-X-Name-First: Margit Author-X-Name-Last: Malmmose Title: National hospital development, 1948-2000: The WHO as an international propagator Abstract: This study investigates the role of hospitals in the interrelation between the World Health Organization (WHO) and Anglo-Saxon health initiatives prior to and during the New Public Management wave. The analysis is undertaken according to a discursive, governmentality framework. The results find that remarkable linkages exist between the WHO and Anglo-Saxon health initiatives; the WHO acts as a propagator, drawing Anglo-Saxon national health-reform initiatives into international guidelines of health-care set-ups mobilised through an increasing accounting discourse. Following their post-war nationalisation, hospitals have come to play a dominant role in the set-up of governmental health infrastructure, and are formed by political and legal reform initiatives mobilised through calculative practices. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 239-259 Issue: 3 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2015.1094194 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2015.1094194 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:25:y:2015:i:3:p:239-259 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Malcolm Anderson Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson Title: Accounting History publications 2014 Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 261-265 Issue: 3 Volume: 25 Year: 2015 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2015.1090675 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2015.1090675 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:25:y:2015:i:3:p:261-265 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cheryl S. McWatters Author-X-Name-First: Cheryl S. Author-X-Name-Last: McWatters Title: Speculation, history, speculative history Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 1-4 Issue: 1 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2016.1139099 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2016.1139099 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:26:y:2016:i:1:p:1-4 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Graeme Dean Author-X-Name-First: Graeme Author-X-Name-Last: Dean Author-Name: Frank Clarke Author-X-Name-First: Frank Author-X-Name-Last: Clarke Author-Name: Francesco Capalbo Author-X-Name-First: Francesco Author-X-Name-Last: Capalbo Title: Pacioli's double entry -- part of an intellectual and social movement Abstract: Our research contains unashamedly speculations about Pacioli, and his Renaissance heroes. It seeks to codify prior research which has speculated on many aspects of Fra Luca Pacioli's (1445--c.1517) life. Regarding teaching, not surprisingly, most students are less than enthused by the experience of being taught double-entry bookkeeping (DEB) as a mechanical exercise. The focus on control in many research papers has misplaced emphasis on the origins of DEB, generally ignoring the socio-economic and intellectual contexts in which it was forged. This study speculates on DEB's intellectual foundations, namely perspective, proportionality, harmony, order and balance captured in the Venetian form of DEB. By emphasising DEB's recourse to these aspects, it is placed in Renaissance Italy's fifteenth- and sixteenth-century intellectual and social movement. Academics including Bryer have suggested that a broader notion of financial accountability is appropriate. We concur. Accountability is generally a missing dimension in DEB teaching and related research. A major complaint in the aftermath of the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) levelled at the banks, and their shadow banking arms in particular, is that their group accounting failed ‘to tell it how it actually was’ -- that is, it failed to truly account. Companies were unaccountable. The ‘morality’ of audited accounting with a lack of corporate accountability, namely its recourse to truth, balance, proportionality of the kind the Renaissance players sought, was certainly absent during the GFC. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 5-24 Issue: 1 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2015.1129083 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2015.1129083 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:26:y:2016:i:1:p:5-24 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Steven Toms Author-X-Name-First: Steven Author-X-Name-Last: Toms Title: Double entry and the rise of capitalism: keeping a sense of proportion? Abstract: The paper addresses the debate raised by the reinterpretation of Dean, Clarke, and Capalbo (2016) of the origins of double-entry bookkeeping (DEB) and its implications. It offers a critique based on three aspects: the role of value, the relationship between DEB and algebra, and the historical sequencing of the adoption of DEB, the rise of capitalism and the ‘capitalist mentality’, industrialisation and the Global Financial Crisis. It reinterprets each aspect and concludes on the implications for teaching, stressing the importance of all aspects of asset valuation. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 25-31 Issue: 1 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2015.1129084 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2015.1129084 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:26:y:2016:i:1:p:25-31 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rob Bryer Author-X-Name-First: Rob Author-X-Name-Last: Bryer Title: Linking Pacioli's double-entry bookkeeping, algebra, and art: accounting history or idle speculation? Abstract: This commentary responds to the speculations of Dean, Clarke, and Capalbo about the interconnections between double-entry bookkeeping (DEB) and Pacioli's emphasis on proportion, harmony, and balance. To make our speculations more than merely ‘idle’, we must do the hard work of constructing plausible hypotheses and testing them. I appreciate the hard work, scholarly skills, and dedication underlying the production of the authors’ speculation, nonetheless, we still need the hard work of theory and empirical research to explain DEB and verify the links between it and its intellectual, economic, social, and political context. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 33-40 Issue: 1 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2015.1129081 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2015.1129081 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:26:y:2016:i:1:p:33-40 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Graeme Dean Author-X-Name-First: Graeme Author-X-Name-Last: Dean Author-Name: Frank Clarke Author-X-Name-First: Frank Author-X-Name-Last: Clarke Author-Name: Francesco Capalbo Author-X-Name-First: Francesco Author-X-Name-Last: Capalbo Title: Response to Toms and Bryer Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 41-43 Issue: 1 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2015.1129082 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2015.1129082 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:26:y:2016:i:1:p:41-43 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin E. Persson Author-X-Name-First: Martin E. Author-X-Name-Last: Persson Title: The social life of money Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 45-49 Issue: 1 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 3 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2015.1128167 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2015.1128167 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:26:y:2016:i:1:p:45-49 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alonso Moreno Author-X-Name-First: Alonso Author-X-Name-Last: Moreno Author-Name: Macario Cámara Author-X-Name-First: Macario Author-X-Name-Last: Cámara Title: Stakeholders in annual reports under ownership concentration: a historical case of a Spanish brewery company Abstract: In accounting studies drawing on stakeholder theory, scant attention has been paid to whether annual reports reliably reflect the main events that are relevant to specific stakeholders. In an attempt to fill this gap, we analyse a qualitative document included in the annual report, the management report (MR), for El Alcázar, a medium-sized Spanish brewery company (1928--1993). This historical period witnessed a unique combination of political regimes (e.g. dictatorships, republic, democracy), which exerted a significant influence on social accountability practices. In this investigation, we focus on three critical stakeholder groups -- workers, customers, and shareholders. In addition, we use minutes from the governing bodies in order to validate the main events at the company. Although annual reports traditionally have been focused on shareholders, in this case, the capital structure of the company and the non-standardised content of the document itself make it reasonable to expect a different focus. Additionally, it is also expected that a longitudinal study, in line with the evolution of the context, reflects the transition from the traditional shareholder to a stakeholder approach. Overall, our findings show that the shareholders are the main audience for the MR. It covers only a small fraction of events relevant to workers and only a fair number relevant to customers. However, as social expectations started to change beginning in the 1960s, during the Franco dictatorship, the company became accountable to broader stakeholder groups, in line with the development of the stakeholder orientation. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 57-81 Issue: 2 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2016.1163502 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2016.1163502 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:26:y:2016:i:2:p:57-81 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Frances Myfanwy Miley Author-X-Name-First: Frances Myfanwy Author-X-Name-Last: Miley Author-Name: Andrew Farley Read Author-X-Name-First: Andrew Farley Author-X-Name-Last: Read Title: Spies, debt and the well-spent penny: accounting and the Lisle agricultural estates 1533--1540 Abstract: The Lisle family was one of the wealthiest families in England during the early Tudor period. Its wealth came primarily from agricultural estates. This research examines the family’s accounting during the period 1533--1540. We examine the family’s use of correspondence to an extensive network of spies, called privy friends, to secure allegiances, obtain information and help the family increase its agricultural landholdings. We also examine the use of correspondence to facilitate cash flow through strategies to manage indebtedness. While the family’s agricultural holdings ensured its continuing wealth, the management of indebtedness, gifts and payments to privy friends were important for wealth accumulation. The strategies used by the Lisle family were responses to a turbulent, uncertain and ever-shifting political environment. We conclude that Tudor manorial estate accounting systems included both financial accounts and correspondence and that both must be considered when analysing the role of accounting information in single-entry accounting systems. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 83-105 Issue: 2 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2016.1187638 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2016.1187638 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:26:y:2016:i:2:p:83-105 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thomas Depecker Author-X-Name-First: Thomas Author-X-Name-Last: Depecker Author-Name: François Vatin Author-X-Name-First: François Author-X-Name-Last: Vatin Title: Taking stock to yield a return: agricultural accounting, agronomometry and chemical statics in the early-nineteenth century Abstract: This study explores the doctrine of ‘agronomic accounting’ which spread in France during the first half of the nineteenth century. This in-kind accounting aimed at representing, in the most complete way possible, the techno-economic flows that take place within farms, so as to optimise their productive efficiency. As such, agronomic accounting epitomises a broader notion of ‘yield’, as part of an energetic understanding of production that was gaining traction in various industries at the time. We present the genesis of agronomic accounting, before dealing with the issue of the choice of accounting units -- with a specific focus on the combination of in-kind and monetary accounts -- and finally showing the artificiality of the notion of yield. The research calls into question the notion of ‘agricultural yield’, metrologically ill-defined, but which nevertheless remains at the heart of all socio-economic debates about agriculture. This history of a crucial moment in agronomic metrology allows us to better understand the stakes behind a still acute issue: knowing how to feed humankind, in the most efficient way possible. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 107-129 Issue: 2 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2016.1188322 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2016.1188322 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:26:y:2016:i:2:p:107-129 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nathalie Joly Author-X-Name-First: Nathalie Author-X-Name-Last: Joly Title: Educating in economic calculus: the invention of the enlightened peasant via manuals of agriculture, 1830--1870 Abstract: This study is concerned with the process of the economic normalisation of agriculture in nineteenth-century France. The manuals published for rural inhabitants and for use in primary schools between 1830 and 1870 are presented as a means of analysing attempts at economic rationalisation which were underway during this period, in particular as it would affect the peasantry. Drawing attention to the content of agricultural, the study sheds light on the educational forms in which economic precepts and accounting techniques were presented and the manner in which those techniques were employed to promote ‘best practices’, so as to tentatively orient farm management and the farmer’s decisions. It highlights the social work of ideological production and behavioural guidance that unfolded in the first part of the nineteenth century. Our research emphasises the ethics embodied in these agricultural manuals, ethics that were directed towards a greater focus on profit maximisation on the part of the small- and medium-scale peasantry in tandem with an idea of disciplined and prudent personal and professional conduct. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 131-160 Issue: 2 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 7 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2016.1187639 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2016.1187639 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:26:y:2016:i:2:p:131-160 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jens Günther Author-X-Name-First: Jens Author-X-Name-Last: Günther Title: Capital market effects around dividend announcements: an analysis of the Berlin stock exchange in 1895 Abstract: This study analyses share-price and trading effects around dividend announcements of firms listed on the Berlin Stock Exchange in 1895. Based on a sample of 166 firms, I find statistically and economically significant positive (negative) cumulative average abnormal returns following a positive (negative) dividend surprise. The positive price impact evolves in advance, while the price impact of negative surprises arises at the announcement date. Consistent with the dividend-signalling hypothesis, these effects are more pronounced for smaller firms and firms with lower financial reporting transparency. Furthermore, trading increases around announcements. The effect is negatively associated with a firm’s market value. These findings are consistent with a differential belief revision among individual investors. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 249-278 Issue: 3 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2017.1359099 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2017.1359099 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:27:y:2017:i:3:p:249-278 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: José-Miguel Lana-Berasain Author-X-Name-First: José-Miguel Author-X-Name-Last: Lana-Berasain Title: Accounting for the commons: bookkeeping and the stewardship of natural resources in northern Spain (sixteenth to twentieth centuries) Abstract: The accountability, which both monitors and other officials have to users, is an important condition for long-lasting common pool resources. This study examines the historical use of accounting techniques as an ingredient of common property regimes, emphasising stewardship theory. The use of accounting by peasant communities, at least from the sixteenth century, is demonstrated through two case studies: a small irrigation community (Regadío de Arbanta) and a large intercommon forest (Sierra de Lóquiz), both in the Spanish province of Navarre. Although other hierarchical institutions, such as royal officers, religious entities and lords, made use of calculation at the time, the peculiarity of peasant accounting is that it was embedded in an egalitarian culture and served to ensure intergenerational reciprocity. Small size and low levels of inequality favoured accountability in a horizontal scheme. The article concludes that those rural communities made use of the calculation technologies available during the Renaissance mainly due to endogenous motivation. The use of accounting served the needs of local communities’ financial control, and reinforced community links, thereby favouring the sustainability of both the communities themselves and their resources. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 223-248 Issue: 3 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2017.1359100 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2017.1359100 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:27:y:2017:i:3:p:223-248 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Malcolm Anderson Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson Title: Accounting history publications 2016 Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 279-286 Issue: 3 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2017.1374975 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2017.1374975 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:27:y:2017:i:3:p:279-286 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Announcement Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 287-287 Issue: 3 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2017.1384176 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2017.1384176 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:27:y:2017:i:3:p:287-287 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cheryl S. McWatters Author-X-Name-First: Cheryl S. Author-X-Name-Last: McWatters Title: Historians but not necessarily so Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 219-221 Issue: 3 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2017.1415406 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2017.1415406 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:27:y:2017:i:3:p:219-221 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: In Memoriam – Josephine Maltby Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 291-291 Issue: 3 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2017.1416765 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2017.1416765 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:27:y:2017:i:3:p:291-291 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Accounting for luxury: workshop and call for papers Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 289-290 Issue: 3 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2017.1416769 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2017.1416769 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:27:y:2017:i:3:p:289-290 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Call for papers Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 139-141 Issue: 1-2 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2018.1432310 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2018.1432310 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:28:y:2018:i:1-2:p:139-141 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin Quinn Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Quinn Author-Name: Desmond Gibney Author-X-Name-First: Desmond Author-X-Name-Last: Gibney Title: Accounting at an Irish maltster – the accounting practices of Bennetts of Ballinacurra in the 1920s and 1930s Abstract: This study details the accounting practices of Bennetts of Ballinacurra, a maltster, from about 1920 to the mid 1930s. Little literature exists on the accounting practices of the time in an Irish context, and even less on maltster accounting in Ireland or a wider context. Our findings reveal relatively stable and institutionalised accounting practices with a primary focus on financial accounting and transaction recording. While we find some management accounting-type practices that appear to have been relatively stable and institutionalised, no detailed or regular costs of the malting process are apparent. We suggest that the maltster type, strong links to Arthur Guinness, Son & Co, Ltd, cost structure and the influence of an external accounting firm were contributing factors to whether or not accounting practices were institutionalised. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 61-84 Issue: 1-2 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2018.1440610 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2018.1440610 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:28:y:2018:i:1-2:p:61-84 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: In memoriam – Malcolm Anderson Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 135-135 Issue: 1-2 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2018.1447294 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2018.1447294 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:28:y:2018:i:1-2:p:135-135 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Josephine Maltby, 1954–2017 Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 129-134 Issue: 1-2 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2018.1468394 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2018.1468394 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:28:y:2018:i:1-2:p:129-134 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin E. Persson Author-X-Name-First: Martin E. Author-X-Name-Last: Persson Author-Name: Stephan Fafatas Author-X-Name-First: Stephan Author-X-Name-Last: Fafatas Title: Accounting measurements, profit, and loss: a science fiction play in one act by Harold C. Edey Abstract: This study presents a hereto-unpublished one-act play used during an annual three-day ‘residential course’ put on by the Department of Accounting at the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) in the late 1950s. The original author of this play, Harold C. Edey, is one of the intellectual forerunners in the development of British accounting thought. The aim of his exercise was to explore the problem of profit determination during a period of changes in specific and general prices. Reproducing this play contributes to our understanding of the development of accounting thought and teaching at the LSE in the period after the Second World War (1939–1945). To contextualise the play, the study traces the history of the LSE and of the author, as well as some of the concepts from the accounting measurement literature that would have been familiar to students attending the three-day residential course. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 31-60 Issue: 1-2 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2018.1469419 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2018.1469419 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:28:y:2018:i:1-2:p:31-60 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Ad hoc referees – Accounting History Review 2017 Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 137-137 Issue: 1-2 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2018.1472899 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2018.1472899 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:28:y:2018:i:1-2:p:137-137 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Accounting [in] History Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 143-144 Issue: 1-2 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2018.1499455 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2018.1499455 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:28:y:2018:i:1-2:p:143-144 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Enrico Guarini Author-X-Name-First: Enrico Author-X-Name-Last: Guarini Author-Name: Francesca Magli Author-X-Name-First: Francesca Author-X-Name-Last: Magli Author-Name: Alberto Nobolo Author-X-Name-First: Alberto Author-X-Name-Last: Nobolo Title: Accounting for community building: the municipal amalgamation of Milan in 1873–1876 Abstract: This study analyses the accounting change that occurred as a consequence of the amalgamation of the municipalities of Milan and Corpi Santi in the years 1873–1876 and sheds light on the role played therein by accounting information. To explain the process of accounting change, the study adopts institutional theory, in particular, coercive isomorphism and the processual approach of Dawson. While coercive isomorphism shaped the process of municipal amalgamation, innovation in accounting practices also took place, greatly contributing to building the sense making of the new community. The accounting innovation consisted in the use of cost accounting logic to allocate revenues and expenditures between the two municipalities that in the end favoured the amalgamation and overcame the mandatory separation of published accounts. The study presents evidence that leading elected councillors and the chief accountant bolstered the process of accounting innovation. Apart from external organisational pressures posited by institutional theory, we suggest that, to explain accounting change within organisations, more emphasis should be given to the role played by individuals and contrasting interests during the institutionalisation process. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 5-30 Issue: 1-2 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2018.1499539 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2018.1499539 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:28:y:2018:i:1-2:p:5-30 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Massimo Sargiacomo Author-X-Name-First: Massimo Author-X-Name-Last: Sargiacomo Title: Accounting, the ‘Art of Interessment’ and the ‘Good Spokesperson’: innovation in action in luxury high fashion (1959–1979) Abstract: This study investigates the adoption of technological innovation, as well as the rise of accounting, management and organisational innovative practices in the luxury high-fashion industry, basing our analysis on the iconic brand Brioni. Grounded in the prior literature on the history of innovation and customisation, we develop a socio-technical analysis of the relocations, technology innovations and production transformations in 1959–1979. In this period – recalled by fashion historians as full of technical, production and process innovations – the company built a production-consumption chain organised around the strategy of demand-pull product customisation, by adopting and adapting technologies imported from elsewhere, and deployed by the work of hundreds of local tailors and seamstresses in tandem with external foreign trainers. We argue that the continuous ‘Art of Interessment’, which sustained technological, product and process innovations, was promoted by a team of ‘judiciously chosen Spokespersons’, who helped to translate company policy into practice, thus expanding production, controlling costs, reducing the manufacturing cycle and improving quality. The socio-technical investigation illustrates the pivotal role played by the rise and spread of innovative accounting and labour practices for customers of variable taste, size and geometry. In a related manner, the study highlights the building of a new architecture of performance management and quality information systems which, in tandem with changing accounting practices, helped to sustain Brioni's success across the observed two decades. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 85-127 Issue: 1-2 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2018.1501399 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2018.1501399 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:28:y:2018:i:1-2:p:85-127 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cheryl S. McWatters Author-X-Name-First: Cheryl S. Author-X-Name-Last: McWatters Title: Indeed, ‘they do things differently there’ Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 1-3 Issue: 1-2 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2018.1506553 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2018.1506553 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:28:y:2018:i:1-2:p:1-3 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ron Baker Author-X-Name-First: Ron Author-X-Name-Last: Baker Author-Name: Morina D. Rennie Author-X-Name-First: Morina D. Author-X-Name-Last: Rennie Title: A public sector accounting technology and its association with a transition to responsible government Abstract: This study examines the introduction of an accounting technology in the Province of Canada, namely the collection and reporting of all revenues and expenditures from departments and customs offices. Drawing on insights from Foucault’s discontinuities in systems of thought, governmentality, and discipline, we argue that while this technology was not an incontrovertibly superior approach, it was consistent with a new rhetoric associated with the transition from colonial sovereign rule to responsible government. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 115-142 Issue: 2 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2016.1264984 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2016.1264984 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:27:y:2017:i:2:p:115-142 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: referees – 2016 Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 217-217 Issue: 2 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2017.1286820 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2017.1286820 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:27:y:2017:i:2:p:217-217 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin Giraudeau Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Giraudeau Title: The farm as an accounting laboratory: an essay on the history of accounting and agriculture Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 201-215 Issue: 2 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2017.1314014 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2017.1314014 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:27:y:2017:i:2:p:201-215 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yuta Sumi Author-X-Name-First: Yuta Author-X-Name-Last: Sumi Title: The use of accounting information for factory closure and income creation: the case of the South Seas Development Company, 1937–1944 Abstract: This study presents an additional important case clarifying the role of accounting in reconciling the dilemma faced by Japanese special companies in choosing between pursuing profits as a private entity and responding to the national interest under the conditions of the Second World War. The focus is placed on the transformations that occurred in the accounting practices adopted by the South Seas Development Company (SSDC), a special company heavily committed to Japan’s territory management in Micronesia during the inter-war period. The study demonstrates that the SSDC’s management initially used accounting information, such as segment profitability, to make economic decisions for the purpose of selecting its business centres, in response to the ‘South Construction Project’ requested by the Japanese army. However, subsequent to the outbreak of the Pacific War in 1941, the nature of accounting information used was transformed in order for the SSDC to be able to manipulate accounting income to secure an acceptable level of dividends to respond to the demands of shareholders. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 143-175 Issue: 2 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2017.1323652 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2017.1323652 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:27:y:2017:i:2:p:143-175 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lan Peng Author-X-Name-First: Lan Author-X-Name-Last: Peng Author-Name: Alistair M. Brown Author-X-Name-First: Alistair M. Author-X-Name-Last: Brown Title: The Chinese accounting reformation of the 1930s Abstract: This study examines the Chinese accounting reformation of the 1930s. The reformist work of Xu, the 1929 Company Law and the rapid expansion of Chinese commercial activity allowed a melding of the Westernised debit-credit model with the Chinese traditional accounting model. The fusion was complex, partly because two competing groups – reformationists and transformationists – had a different sense of scientific accounting development. What transpired, however, was a clinging by small to medium-sized entities to the Chinese traditional indigenous bookkeeping system, a preparedness by other small to medium-sized entities to take on Xu’s reformed Chinese-style method, and a willingness by large entities to engage with Western forms of accounting. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 177-199 Issue: 2 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2017.1326955 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2017.1326955 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:27:y:2017:i:2:p:177-199 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Language and translation in accounting Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 161-163 Issue: 2 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2016.1185839 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2016.1185839 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:26:y:2016:i:2:p:161-163 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: José Manuel Prado-Lorenzo Author-X-Name-First: José Manuel Author-X-Name-Last: Prado-Lorenzo Author-Name: Rufino García-Salinero Author-X-Name-First: Rufino Author-X-Name-Last: García-Salinero Author-Name: María Isabel González-Bravo Author-X-Name-First: María Isabel Author-X-Name-Last: González-Bravo Title: Operational and accounting regulations in Spanish municipal Abstract: Pósitos were institutions established in Spain from the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries onwards to ensure continuity in the supply of grain (at reasonable prices) to sectors of the rural population of modest means, for whom they provided a vitally important subsistence lifeline in years of bad harvests. They were funded by a mixture of contributions from local municipal councils, from the Church and from wealthy individuals, and each pósito was governed by its own individual foundation documents until 1584, when a Royal Pragmatic (a type of legislation particular to Spain) introduced a common system of regulation to be followed by all pósitos. The main purpose of this article is to describe and analyse the development of the operational and accounting regulations applicable to pósitos and to contextualise the issuance of new or updated regulations against a range of background political, social and economic developments, beginning with the standardisation of the pósitos in 1584 and ending with their virtual disappearance in 1998. Although the bookkeeping employed in the administration of the pósitos continued to be in single-entry form, in association with related internal controls it was adequate to record the transactions undertaken by the pósitos. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 27-72 Issue: 1 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2016.1192048 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2016.1192048 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:27:y:2017:i:1:p:27-72 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Christian Lohmann Author-X-Name-First: Christian Author-X-Name-Last: Lohmann Author-Name: Marc Eulerich Author-X-Name-First: Marc Author-X-Name-Last: Eulerich Title: Publication trends and the network of publishing institutions in accounting: data on , 1926–2014 Abstract: Our study charts the development of the accounting community by tracing publication trends and changes in methodology, including a major shift towards positive and neoclassical economics, multi-authorship and the prevalence of particular institutions, as reflected in The Accounting Review (TAR) between 1926 and 2014. Using network analysis, we identify distinct networks in this community and show that while the network of the institutions to which TAR authors were affiliated in the analysed period became diverse, the network of the institutions from which TAR authors received their doctorate remained dominated by a relatively small group of élite US universities. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 1-25 Issue: 1 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2016.1192049 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2016.1192049 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:27:y:2017:i:1:p:1-25 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. J. Arnold Author-X-Name-First: A. J. Author-X-Name-Last: Arnold Title: Industrial profitability in the trans-World War II period, 1938–1950 Abstract: World War II had major effects on the British economy, yet we know very little about wartime levels of profitability, despite their importance to individual businessmen, to signalling mechanisms for resource allocation, and to social cohesion under wartime conditions. The Companies Acts of 1947–1948 greatly improved corporate disclosures and brought many existing secret reserves to the surface. This study analyses the publicly filed information of a set of major UK-quoted companies in order to provide a consistent series of profit rates for British industry and thereby add to our knowledge of the trans-war period 1938–1950. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 101-114 Issue: 1 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2016.1246255 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2016.1246255 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:27:y:2017:i:1:p:101-114 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Markus Lampe Author-X-Name-First: Markus Author-X-Name-Last: Lampe Author-Name: Paul Sharp Author-X-Name-First: Paul Author-X-Name-Last: Sharp Title: A quest for useful knowledge: the early development of agricultural accounting in Denmark and Northern Germany Abstract: We discuss the early development of sophisticated agricultural accounting in Northern Germany and Denmark within a framework that establishes the role of accounting for knowledge generation and subsequent economic growth. We highlight the work of Thaer, on encouraging and systematising the use of double-entry bookkeeping in agriculture for scientific and efficiency purposes, and that of Gyllembourg, who emphasised the calculation of economic returns in monetary value. Evidence exists to suggest that their work was the basis upon which further developments in accounting practice in the nineteenth century were laid, supporting the rapid modernisation and success of Danish agriculture. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 73-99 Issue: 1 Volume: 27 Year: 2017 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2016.1264985 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2016.1264985 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:27:y:2017:i:1:p:73-99 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Trevor Boyns Author-X-Name-First: Trevor Author-X-Name-Last: Boyns Author-Name: John Richard Edwards Author-X-Name-First: John Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards Title: The advent of double-entry-based costing practices in the British engineering industry: Ransomes of Ipswich, 1856–1863 Abstract: The history of accounting in all countries is punctuated by significant gaps in our knowledge. For Britain, where topics such as cost accounting have been the subject of a substantive research effort, there is still much we do not know. It has been suggested that engineers played an important role in the development of costing during the nineteenth century but that such activity occurred outside the double-entry bookkeeping system. The lack of relevant contemporary literature and surviving business records has made it difficult to examine the validity of such claims. This study reviews the surviving evidence from the agricultural implement manufacturer, Ransomes of Ipswich, in an attempt to provide a better understanding of the emergence of costing within the engineering sector during the 1850s and 1860s. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 171-190 Issue: 3 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2016.1218958 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2016.1218958 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:26:y:2016:i:3:p:171-190 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dale L. Flesher Author-X-Name-First: Dale L. Author-X-Name-Last: Flesher Author-Name: Gary John Previts Author-X-Name-First: Gary John Author-X-Name-Last: Previts Title: Haskins & Sells’ – a profile in leadership thought (1955–1974) Abstract: From 1955 through 1974, the Certified Public Accountant (CPA) firm of Haskins & Sells published a series of annual volumes, entitled Selected Papers, which highlighted the publications and speeches of the firm’s partners and staff. Over the 20 volumes, a total of 724 articles and speeches were shared with national and international audiences through this publication outlet. The publication of the volumes served to provide evidence of the thoughts of the firm’s leadership and served as a form of outreach, providing the community with information about the firm’s positions on accounting and auditing principles, as well as views on problems facing the accounting profession in the USA. Alternatively, the firm also benefited in that the volumes could be considered an indirect form of advertising in the era before advertising was permitted for CPAs. Authors included the firm’s managing partners, John Queenan (the most prolific contributor), Arthur B. Foye, and Michael Chetkovich. Practice office partners and staff at all levels also provided material. This study serves to provide, for twenty-first-century professionals, academics and historians, a review of a publication which for two decades provided coverage of the thought positions of a major firm’s leadership and other informed firm personnel. Contemporary scholars and practitioners are thus availed of the outline of the topics of practice and the treatments and options regarding multiple issues from over a half century ago. Also individuals can identify through this source how a firm documented and shared selected thoughts with its personnel, clients, and the accounting and business world at large. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 333-350 Issue: 3 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2016.1219463 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2016.1219463 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:26:y:2016:i:3:p:333-350 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Janette Rutterford Author-X-Name-First: Janette Author-X-Name-Last: Rutterford Author-Name: Dimitris P. Sotiropoulos Author-X-Name-First: Dimitris P. Author-X-Name-Last: Sotiropoulos Title: Putting all their eggs in one basket? Portfolio diversification 1870–1902 Abstract: There are a number of reasons why investor portfolio characteristics are of interest. First, there is limited evidence of what individual investors actually held in their portfolios in the past, including, for example, whether there were significant differences between male and female investors. Second, investors’ portfolio holdings are relevant to the debate on the ‘democratisation’ of investment and, third, they inform the debate on whether investors in the past made efforts to reduce portfolio risk through diversification, before the full ‘scientific’ approach of the early-twentieth century and the Markowitz optimisation approach of the mid-twentieth century. This research explores the portfolio choices made by a sample of 508 investors – 263 men and 245 women – between 1870 and 1902. Evidence of diversification exists, with the average holding of the sample being 4.6 securities. There is also evidence of increasing levels of diversification over time, of international diversification, and greater diversification by wealthy men and women. Investors in the past clearly made efforts to reduce portfolio risk before Markowitz optimisation. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 285-305 Issue: 3 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2016.1219464 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2016.1219464 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:26:y:2016:i:3:p:285-305 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Malcolm Anderson Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson Title: Accounting History Publications 2015 Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 373-379 Issue: 3 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2016.1222693 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2016.1222693 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:26:y:2016:i:3:p:373-379 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pierre Gervais Author-X-Name-First: Pierre Author-X-Name-Last: Gervais Author-Name: Martin Quinn Author-X-Name-First: Martin Author-X-Name-Last: Quinn Title: Costing in the early Industrial Revolution: gradual change to cost calculations at US cloth mills in the 1820s Abstract: This study details cost accounting practices at a number of US cotton mills in the 1820s. While some extant literature suggests that these practices were akin to management accounting, we take a different view. Drawing on an institutional lens and reverse engineering of cost calculations, we argue that these practices were indeed institutionalised, but that a merchant mindset on costs and profits was engrained within them. Cost calculations were based on the comparative quality of cloth, and costs were not traced to a particular product. However, gradual change took place from about 1830 on, when cost calculations became more specific to particular products, possibly as a consequence of external economic forces. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 191-217 Issue: 3 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2016.1229265 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2016.1229265 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:26:y:2016:i:3:p:191-217 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Professeur Yannick Lemarchand: a brief biography Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 169-170 Issue: 3 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2016.1232848 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2016.1232848 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:26:y:2016:i:3:p:169-170 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Announcement Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 381-381 Issue: 3 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2016.1235255 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2016.1235255 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:26:y:2016:i:3:p:381-381 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Charles Richard Baker Author-X-Name-First: Charles Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Baker Title: From care of the poor to the great confinement: an exploration of hospital accounting in France Abstract: This study examines hospital accounting practices in France during the fifteenth through seventeenth centuries in order to illustrate differences between the role and mission of the Hôtel-Dieu and the Hôpital Général. The Hôtel-Dieu originated during the medieval period as a place of refuge for the sick and the poor, whereas the Hôpital Général was created during the seventeenth century as a way of resolving problems associated with a growing population of beggars and vagrants in French cities. The accounting records of the Hôtel-Dieu appear to follow the charge-and-discharge system of accounting similar to that employed by ecclesiastical and governmental institutions of the same time period. Although the accounts of the Hôpital Général also followed the charge-and-discharge system, those accounts appear to have been prepared with the direct authority of a Treasurer operating under a Board of Commissioners appointed by the King, thus indicating a greater emphasis on internal control. The similarity in accounting practices for two very different types of institutional structures suggests that accounting practices do not necessarily change as a result of institutional changes. In other words, there may be a break in institutional form without a corresponding break in accounting practices. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 259-284 Issue: 3 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2016.1235316 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2016.1235316 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:26:y:2016:i:3:p:259-284 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yannick Lemarchand Author-X-Name-First: Yannick Author-X-Name-Last: Lemarchand Title: Revisiting the birth of industrial accounting in France, a return to the actors involved Abstract: This study returns to earlier investigations of cost accounting in French enterprises. It has been demonstrated that apart from a few exceptions, industrial accounting was established later in France than in Great Britain, mirroring the lag which one observes with respect to industrialisation. Our objective is to examine the points during which these changes took place, in pre-existing enterprises or in new ones, and to explore more deeply how and why these changes occurred. Various explanatory factors can be considered, but it is above all the actors involved in these changes and their personal trajectories on which the emphasis is placed in this study. In this period of transition, before double-entry bookkeeping (DEB) had been diffused more broadly, or even generally adopted, accounting innovation in industry frequently seemed to have been carried out by individuals who shared trade in common, and lived or had lived in regions where DEB had long been practised compared to elsewhere. Taking the geographic dimension into account argues for a comparative history of accounting that not only juxtaposes parallel stories, from one side or the other of the current borders of nation-states, but rather delves more deeply into a level of analysis that concerns itself with the spatial circulation of accounting techniques and their imprints over the longue durée. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 351-371 Issue: 3 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2016.1235317 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2016.1235317 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:26:y:2016:i:3:p:351-371 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Keith Hoskin Author-X-Name-First: Keith Author-X-Name-Last: Hoskin Author-Name: Richard Macve Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Macve Title: ‘’ ? On the interrelations of accounting, managing and governing in the French ‘administrative monarchy’: revisiting the Colbert (1661–1683) and Paris brothers (1712–1726) episodes Abstract: We explore the genesis of the modern power of management and accounting, reviewing two historical episodes that have been claimed to embody aspects of this modernity. For our analysis, we distinguish two aspects of double-entry bookkeeping (DEB): first, the basic bookkeeping technique of cross-referencing and analysing doubled entries, and second, ‘the full logic’ of a closed system tracking an entity’s income and expense, assets and liabilities, and ‘capital’. Our first episode is Jean-Baptiste Colbert’s ‘governing by inquiry’ (1661–1683), understood as a ‘managing’ of the French ‘administrative state’ under Louis XIV, where we see DEB’s use as limited to the first technique, undertaken for a forensic auditing of tax revenues to control and amend bad conduct. Second is the episode (1712–1726) of a banking family, the Paris brothers, where DEB is again first deployed similarly, for auditing and control of tax farmer practice, but then proposed as more general means of managing/governing the state. We review the interpretations of the first of these episodes made by Miller and Soll, and that of Lemarchand concerning the second. We draw on Foucault’s analysis of today’s forms of governing as a ‘governmental management’, which was blocked in the era of the administrative state, and explain this blockage as a result of principal–agent structures being used to govern the state. In this light, we see Miller as over-interpreting the closeness of Colbert’s ‘governing by inquiry’ to modern ‘governmentality’, and Soll as over-interpreting modern forms of management and accounting as operative in the governing approach of Colbert as ‘Information Master’. We also re-analyse the effective reach of the ambitions of the Paris brothers, as set out by Lemarchand, for the deployment of DEB. We then draw on Foucault’s and Panofsky’s analyses of ‘inquiry’ as a ‘form of truth’ which began as a new twelfth-century way of thinking, and trace this to Abelard’s development of ‘inquisitio’ as a new ‘critical reading’. We characterise its modus operandi as a ‘graphocentric synopticism’, graphocentric since all ‘data’ are translated into a gridded, cross-referenced über-text, which is then readable synoptically, all-in-one, from an immobile synthesising position. Foucault suggests that ‘inquiry’ gives way as mode of truth to ‘examination’ around 1800, and we link the genesis of governmental management to this shift and to the consequent articulation of a ‘panopticism’ which is multiply semiotic and so ‘grammatocentric’. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 219-257 Issue: 3 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2016.1236530 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2016.1236530 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:26:y:2016:i:3:p:219-257 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cheryl S. McWatters Author-X-Name-First: Cheryl S. Author-X-Name-Last: McWatters Title: / Waiting for Gaignot Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 165-168 Issue: 3 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2016.1239709 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2016.1239709 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:26:y:2016:i:3:p:165-168 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Massimo Sargiacomo Author-X-Name-First: Massimo Author-X-Name-Last: Sargiacomo Author-Name: Luca Ianni Author-X-Name-First: Luca Author-X-Name-Last: Ianni Author-Name: Antonio D’Andreamatteo Author-X-Name-First: Antonio Author-X-Name-Last: D’Andreamatteo Author-Name: Luciano D’Amico Author-X-Name-First: Luciano Author-X-Name-Last: D’Amico Title: Accounting and the government of the agricultural economy: Arrigo Serpieri and the Reclamation Consortia Abstract: Drawing on primary sources gathered from repositories in Abruzzo, Bologna and Rome, this study – underpinned by the framework of governmentality – analyses the accounting, financial and governmental practices deployed as a consequence of the Reclamation Consortia in Fascist Italy. In a scenario stimulated by the ascent of the Fascist discourse on the Agricultural Corporative Economy, this analysis seeks to show the new technologies of government deployed by the State and local communities through the Reclamation Consortia Reform. The study also unveils the leading role in the change process played by Arrigo Serpieri who, besides acting as Under Secretary of State at the Ministry of Agriculture in Mussolini’s government, was considered at the time Italy’s most important agricultural expert. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 307-331 Issue: 3 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2016.1239710 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2016.1239710 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:26:y:2016:i:3:p:307-331 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Editorial Board Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: ebi-ebi Issue: 3 Volume: 26 Year: 2016 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2016.1248234 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2016.1248234 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:26:y:2016:i:3:p:ebi-ebi Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cheryl S. McWatters Author-X-Name-First: Cheryl S. Author-X-Name-Last: McWatters Title: Coincidences, contingencies, multiplicities and patterns Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 145-148 Issue: 3 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2018.1545162 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2018.1545162 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:28:y:2018:i:3:p:145-148 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tiago Cardao-Pito Author-X-Name-First: Tiago Author-X-Name-Last: Cardao-Pito Author-Name: João Silva Ferreira Author-X-Name-First: João Author-X-Name-Last: Silva Ferreira Title: ‘Fair Value’ accounting as the normative Fisherian phase of accounting Abstract: ‘Fair value’ accounting has been described as a new ‘actuarial/forward-looking’ phase of accounting regulations and standards. In this study, we present the hypothesis that ‘fair value’ regulations and standards are aligned with Irving Fisher’s theoretical writings (written more than a century ago) about economic and accounting value, and market prices. Through content analysis, we reveal a literal correspondence of Fisher’s writings to key fair value norms from the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB), such as the usage of alleged forecasts of future cash flows and discount rates in explaining market values and prices. Aligning with shareholders/owners interests, Fisher’s theoretical framework can be found in contemporary fair value accounting norms. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 149-179 Issue: 3 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2018.1541000 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2018.1541000 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:28:y:2018:i:3:p:149-179 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Garen Markarian Author-X-Name-First: Garen Author-X-Name-Last: Markarian Title: The role of Irving Fisher in the development of fair value accounting thought Abstract: Cardao-Pito and Ferreira do a marvellous job in putting Irving Fisher front and centre in the development of fair value accounting thought, expanding our understanding of one of history’s most respected economists. Fisher’s theories played an important role in defeating early socialists’ intellectual arguments, and yet US corporations of today pay as much tax as their foreign counterparts. The world has, voluntarily and democratically, become more Fisherian. The unwarranted one-sided criticism of Cardao-Pito and Ferreira of the current capitalist systems does little to diminish Irving Fisher’s stature as the first celebrity economist who had access to presidents and helped shape twentieth-century economic policy, including accounting. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 181-190 Issue: 3 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2018.1542230 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2018.1542230 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:28:y:2018:i:3:p:181-190 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Charles Richard Baker Author-X-Name-First: Charles Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Baker Title: The lack of impact of fair value accounting: a commentary on ‘“fair value” accounting as the normative Fisherian phase of accounting’ Abstract: This commentary argues that the question of fair value measurement is a non-issue from the standpoint of accounting standards setting, as well as for issuers and users of financial statements. In our view, fair value measurements only apply to a small number of accounts and to a small number of companies. In fact, over the past century we observe little interest on the part of companies, professional accountants and standards setters in applying fair value accounting measurements to general purpose financial statements over the last century. While Cardao-Pito and Ferreira make a good case that similarities exist between the work of Irving Fisher and accounting pronouncements pertaining to fair value, I contend that this is a coincidence. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 191-198 Issue: 3 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2018.1542229 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2018.1542229 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:28:y:2018:i:3:p:191-198 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tiago Cardao-Pito Author-X-Name-First: Tiago Author-X-Name-Last: Cardao-Pito Author-Name: João Silva Ferreira Author-X-Name-First: João Silva Author-X-Name-Last: Ferreira Title: Demystifying fair value accounting: rejoinder to Baker and Markarian Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 199-202 Issue: 3 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2018.1545165 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2018.1545165 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:28:y:2018:i:3:p:199-202 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Information ecosystems Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 203-206 Issue: 3 Volume: 28 Year: 2018 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2018.1528118 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2018.1528118 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:28:y:2018:i:3:p:203-206 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Antoine Fabre Author-X-Name-First: Antoine Author-X-Name-Last: Fabre Author-Name: Pierre Labardin Author-X-Name-First: Pierre Author-X-Name-Last: Labardin Title: Foucault and social and penal historians: the dual role of accounting in the French overseas penal colonies of the nineteenth century Abstract: This study sheds light on the role of accounting in the French penal colonies of Guiana in the nineteenth century. The historiography of prisons is characterised by a dichotomy: On the one hand, Foucauldian studies focus on the changes in the methods used to govern prisoners in the nineteenth century. On the other hand, the social historiography highlights practices that differed greatly from the normalising practices highlighted by Foucault’s work on discipline and governmentality. Our research demonstrates how accounting was part of this two-faceted dynamic: A reading of accounting practices used by the mother country corroborates Foucauldian research by showing how accounting was used to influence French public opinion by presenting penal colonies as a moralising and profitable utopia. Conversely, local practices, which contrasted sharply with the mother country’s intentions, show that accounting contributed to a widespread system of corruption that kept the penal colonies under control. Our study highlights the dual role of accounting to reconcile the contradictions between the mother country and the penal colonies, and to link the moral rehabilitation of individuals to the profitability of the penal colonies. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 1-37 Issue: 1 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2018.1527704 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2018.1527704 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:29:y:2019:i:1:p:1-37 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin E. Persson Author-X-Name-First: Martin E. Author-X-Name-Last: Persson Title: Accounting history publications 2017 Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 149-157 Issue: 1 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2018.1555963 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2018.1555963 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:29:y:2019:i:1:p:149-157 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Ad hoc referees – Accounting History Review 2018 Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 159-159 Issue: 1 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2019.1565322 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2019.1565322 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:29:y:2019:i:1:p:159-159 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rob Vosslamber Author-X-Name-First: Rob Author-X-Name-Last: Vosslamber Title: Tax failure: New Zealand's short-lived First World War Excess Profits Tax Abstract: In 1915, Great Britain introduced an Excess Profits Duty to help fund the costs of World War One and to ensure social cohesion in the context of war. New Zealand followed the Imperial lead in 1916. Unlike in other British Dominions, the New Zealand Excess Profits Tax was discontinued after only one year. This article discusses the New Zealand Excess Profits Tax. It reviews the context of this tax within the British Empire, the development of the tax in New Zealand, and considers reasons for its early demise. This narrative provides a basis for future research into the practice of taxation in wartime, and the relationship between tax and society. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 79-102 Issue: 1 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2019.1590215 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2019.1590215 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:29:y:2019:i:1:p:79-102 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin E. Persson Author-X-Name-First: Martin E. Author-X-Name-Last: Persson Title: Accounting history publications 2018 Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 141-147 Issue: 1 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2019.1590891 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2019.1590891 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:29:y:2019:i:1:p:141-147 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Joel Behrend Author-X-Name-First: Joel Author-X-Name-Last: Behrend Author-Name: Marc Eulerich Author-X-Name-First: Marc Author-X-Name-Last: Eulerich Title: The evolution of internal audit research: a bibliometric analysis of published documents (1926–2016) Abstract: Addressing the rise of internal auditing in the post-SOX era, this study examines the scientific transformation of the topic within current accounting research. In an attempt to shed light on the existing research themes and core works that have been shaping this topic, we combine co-citation and social network analysis to analyse citation patterns of 170 research articles published in five leading accounting journals between 1926 and 2016. The scientific landscape of internal auditing within accounting research is found to be highly fragmented and partly defined by internal auditors' relationships to other parties of the corporate governance framework. Additionally, results reveal the existence of a research nucleus which emphasises the increasingly important construct of internal audit quality. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 103-139 Issue: 1 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2019.1606721 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2019.1606721 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:29:y:2019:i:1:p:103-139 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Maria-Gabriella Baldarelli Author-X-Name-First: Maria-Gabriella Author-X-Name-Last: Baldarelli Author-Name: Mara Del Baldo Author-X-Name-First: Mara Author-X-Name-Last: Del Baldo Author-Name: Stefania Vignini Author-X-Name-First: Stefania Author-X-Name-Last: Vignini Title: The first women accounting masters in Italy: between tradition and innovation Abstract: This study aims to bridge a research gap that concerns the role of female scholars in the field of accounting providing an innovative contribution on a topic that has remained marginal or ‘left out of’ the scientific debate in a non-Anglo-Saxon-setting (Italy). We adopt a historical perspective and focus our attention on Italian women academics from the 1970s to 2000. The research design follows a multidimensional scheme, based on the dimensions of the bodies of knowledge and social practices, used to analyse the scientific productivity, the career progression, and the visibility of women scholars among the governing bodies of Italian academia and the Italian schools of thought. Finally, we consider the personal story-telling of two pioneering female academics. Findings point out the processes and mechanisms which they encountered during their research process and network creation in academia, in order to develop research capital and to gain visibility and reputation. Therefore, the study provides useful insights into the challenges faced by women accounting scholars in progressing in their career, achieving recognition, and participating in academic debates. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 39-78 Issue: 1 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2019.1610467 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2019.1610467 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:29:y:2019:i:1:p:39-78 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Trevor Boyns Author-X-Name-First: Trevor Author-X-Name-Last: Boyns Author-Name: John Richard Edwards Author-X-Name-First: John Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards Title: Editorial Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 161-163 Issue: 2 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2019.1633792 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2019.1633792 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:29:y:2019:i:2:p:161-163 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roy Chandler Author-X-Name-First: Roy Author-X-Name-Last: Chandler Author-Name: John Richard Edwards Author-X-Name-First: John Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards Title: Malcolm Anderson 1970–2018: his academic career Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 165-170 Issue: 2 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2019.1611938 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2019.1611938 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:29:y:2019:i:2:p:165-170 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Stephen P. Walker Author-X-Name-First: Stephen P. Author-X-Name-Last: Walker Title: Locating moral boundaries in the early accountancy profession Abstract: Studies of the accounting profession increasingly suggest the alterability of ethical and moral boundaries over time and space. This study explores moral delineation in the British accountancy profession at a key juncture during its institutionalisation. The results of a micro-level investigation of the case of David Chadwick are presented. Chadwick, a major contributor to the organisation of the profession and a Member of Parliament, was found guilty of bribery in 1881, shortly after the formation of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales. Highly publicised revelations of his misconduct appear, however, to have been received with indifference by the accountancy bodies to which he belonged. The study explores a number of possible explanations for this apparent disinterest at a time when the conduct of accounting professionals was under close scrutiny. It is suggested that in late Victorian Britain, bribery, though a criminal act, was seldom perceived as immoral and was therefore located outside the moral boundaries of the accounting profession. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 171-198 Issue: 2 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2019.1607166 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2019.1607166 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:29:y:2019:i:2:p:171-198 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Derek Matthews Author-X-Name-First: Derek Author-X-Name-Last: Matthews Title: Social class and social mobility among ICAEW members from the interwar period to the present day Abstract: In the recent political and academic debate over social exclusivity and inequality in Britain, accountancy has come in for specific criticism. The Milburn panel on fair access to the professions concluded that accountancy has seen the greatest decline in social mobility. Through the use of a postal questionnaire of members of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales (ICAEW), this study challenges this assessment by demonstrating that historically the ICAEW has always had a significant proportion of members from the lower middle and working classes. However, in recent decades there has been an increase in the proportion from the upper middle class and a decline in those from the lower classes. This shift was not due to educational changes such as the decline of grammar schools or the rise of the graduate profession but resulted from the reduced role of medium- and small-sized firms in recruitment and training and the rise in importance of the largest accounting firms which have always tended to take on trainees from higher social backgrounds. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 199-220 Issue: 2 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2019.1607169 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2019.1607169 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:29:y:2019:i:2:p:199-220 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yannick Lemarchand Author-X-Name-First: Yannick Author-X-Name-Last: Lemarchand Title: The birth of industrial accounting in France: some curious paradoxes Abstract: Previous work by Boyns, Edwards, and Nikitin has demonstrated that while firms implemented industrial accounting later in France than in Britain, a specialised literature appeared much earlier in France. The first textbooks were published around the 1820s, while in Great Britain it was not until the 1880s. In trying to explain this paradox, Boyns and his co-authors have left aside a cultural and institutional element which seems to have played a decisive role: the progressive affirmation of an intellectual movement – industrialism – characterised, from the last quarter of the eighteenth century, by a new attitude of intellectual élites vis-à-vis scientific and technical knowledge, their applications and their dissemination. Once placed in this context, the early publication of these industrial accounting treatises loses its paradoxical character, to appear only as one of the many tangible expressions of this movement of ideas. Yet a review of the French accounting literature of the nineteenth century reveals a second paradox: the publication of more books on agricultural accounting than on industrial accounting! It is often ignored that, during this period, accounting had been the subject of in-depth reflection by French agronomists whose subsequent debates do not seem to have any real equivalent in the industrial world before the 1930s. Here again, the influence of the intellectual and institutional context was decisive, which confirms the relevance of our explanatory hypothesis regarding the early publication of industrial accounting textbooks. In addition, the picture shows, in negative, the relative lack of interest of engineers regarding management accounting, before they used it as a tool of legitimisation of their action in the introduction of scientific management. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 221-241 Issue: 2 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2019.1630946 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2019.1630946 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:29:y:2019:i:2:p:221-241 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Trevor Boyns Author-X-Name-First: Trevor Author-X-Name-Last: Boyns Author-Name: Fabrizio Cerbioni Author-X-Name-First: Fabrizio Author-X-Name-Last: Cerbioni Title: Accounting and performance monitoring in Tuscany: Larderello, 1836–1858 Abstract: This study examines the use of accounting for performance monitoring in a new industrial environment, the manufacture of boric acid in Tuscany during the middle decades of the nineteenth century. We provide a background context showing the growing significance of Tuscan boric acid as a source of borax for use in the industrialisation of Britain and France, and how the supply of this product came into the hands of François-Jacques Larderel. However, given the method of financing employed, Larderel was forced into fixed-price supply agreements with his financial backers, which influenced the nature of the accounting system and its use as a means of performance monitoring. We also reflect on possible sources of inspiration for the system utilised from 1836. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 243-267 Issue: 2 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2019.1606524 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2019.1606524 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:29:y:2019:i:2:p:243-267 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roy Chandler Author-X-Name-First: Roy Author-X-Name-Last: Chandler Title: Auditing and corporate governance in nineteenth century Britain: the model of the Kingston Cotton Mill Abstract: The Kingston Cotton Mill Company (KCM) was one of the first companies to be formed under the Joint Stock Companies Act 1844. This Act led to an explosion in company formations, as it was intended to do. The provisions of the Act anticipated a number of the concerns about what would now be called ‘corporate governance’, caused by the divorce between ownership and management. The KCM provides an interesting case study on the effectiveness of the early governance provisions. The extent of the agency problem at the KCM was especially acute because of the relatively large body of shareholders (just over 400) starting a large-scale project from scratch with no knowledge of the cotton industry. Particular attention is paid to the accountability and audit provisions introduced into the KCM's constitution. Evidence of the weaknesses in these provisions is derived from the legal proceedings which followed the company's collapse in 1894. The purpose of this study is to provide a basis for better understanding some key issues in corporate governance in mid- to late-Victorian Britain through the examination of the background to a company whose name has been familiar to generations of accounting students and practitioners. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 269-286 Issue: 2 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2019.1636183 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2019.1636183 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:29:y:2019:i:2:p:269-286 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Richard Edwards Author-X-Name-First: John Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards Title: Accounting for the erosion of fixed assets 1863–1900. A case study Abstract: During the latter decades of the nineteenth century managers of limited liability companies, together with their advisers, formulated the parameters of modern financial reporting. This study comprises an in-depth analysis of the archives of the Staveley Coal and Iron Co. Ltd to improve our understanding of how an early limited liability company, whose shares were listed on the stock exchange, tackled the challenging question of how best to account for the erosion of fixed assets. It is found that the issue generated widespread discussion and disagreement both among and between the company’s directors, auditors and consulting engineer. It is also discovered that early attempts to account for the deterioration of fixed assets in a systematic manner soon gave way to the more malleable treatment that the existing literature suggests remained common practice for much of the first half of the twentieth century. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 287-304 Issue: 2 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 5 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2019.1590892 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2019.1590892 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:29:y:2019:i:2:p:287-304 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kevin Clarke Author-X-Name-First: Kevin Author-X-Name-Last: Clarke Author-Name: Jack Flanagan Author-X-Name-First: Jack Author-X-Name-Last: Flanagan Title: A comparative analysis of the relative occupational status of lawyers and accountants in nineteenth-century England and Wales Abstract: This study looks at the relationship between accounting and legal practitioners in nineteenth-century England and Wales through the application of comparative, sociological occupational-status metrics to observe the changing relative social status positions of these disciplines from 1821 to 1911. The study uses an approach to attributing occupational status based on the methods developed by Nam and Powers utilising existing nineteenth-century datasets to assign status to a range of occupational groupings. The data generated measures of relative occupational status and the magnitude of the differences, along with the education and earnings status metrics, for the occupational groups labelled Accounting and Legal, both prior to and after the establishment of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales. The measurements of relative status confirm the impact of changing legislation and a better-educated workforce on the status of the élite of accounting and the pressure they felt to professionalise their activities to differentiate their status from the burgeoning educated workforce attracted to accounting as an occupational discipline. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 305-346 Issue: 3 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2019.1651350 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2019.1651350 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:29:y:2019:i:3:p:305-346 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yin Xu Author-X-Name-First: Yin Author-X-Name-Last: Xu Author-Name: Xiaoqun Xu Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoqun Author-X-Name-Last: Xu Title: Global circulation and local adaptation of tax models: business tax in China, 1931–1949 Abstract: In light of certain conceptual constructs in comparative taxation, this study examines how Chinese tax reformers chose and adopted a particular form of business tax from a variety of tax models and how they justified and implemented the new tax in the political-social-economic conditions of early twentieth-century China. By illustrating a ‘hybrid tax transplant’ at discursive, institutional, and operational levels, or in terms of justification, design, and enforcement of business taxation, it presents a case study of global circulation and national/local adoption and adaptation of a tax model in a changing tax culture in China. The study reinforces the relevance and usefulness of these concepts to historical analyses and interpretations of taxation studies in different countries and offers a comparative case for research in other contexts. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 347-367 Issue: 3 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2019.1657024 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2019.1657024 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:29:y:2019:i:3:p:347-367 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sam McKinstry Author-X-Name-First: Sam Author-X-Name-Last: McKinstry Author-Name: Kirsten Kininmonth Author-X-Name-First: Kirsten Author-X-Name-Last: Kininmonth Author-Name: Ken Mathieson Author-X-Name-First: Ken Author-X-Name-Last: Mathieson Title: The introduction and operation of standard costing at J&P Coats Ltd., 1925–1961: an institutional interpretation Abstract: This study provides a history of the introduction and implementation of standard costing at J&P Coats Ltd, the British-based multinational thread manufacturers, between 1925 and 1961. By 1896, the firm had centralised sales and marketing, strategic and treasury management in its head office in Glasgow. The introduction of standard costing was intended to bring financial discipline within each of its home and overseas mills, to add to the central discipline and control which already existed across the company, as well as to facilitate some aspects of central accounting in Glasgow. The study ends in 1961, the year the company merged with Patons and Baldwins, another UK-based textile firm. As a theoretical lens, our history uses institutional theory, as it affects an understanding of the implementation and operation of new management accounting systems. In particular, we explore the concept that the development and use of new accounting systems may well be conditioned by both external and internal ‘institutions’, or ‘ways of doing things’. The Coats study responds to the call for longitudinal analyses of management accounting innovation from an institutional point of view. It shows how institutional factors affected the implementation and use of standard costing within the firm, operating through human actors and changing organisational structures. In addition, the study adds to what is known about the history and chronology of the development of standard costing in the UK, pointing out similarities and differences between what happened at Coats and other adopters. It underscores that what is known about the installation and usage of costing systems would benefit from an understanding of the institutional factors involved. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 369-389 Issue: 3 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2019.1660190 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2019.1660190 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:29:y:2019:i:3:p:369-389 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: 25th Colloquium of the History of Management and Organizations Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 391-395 Issue: 3 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2019.1646460 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2019.1646460 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:29:y:2019:i:3:p:391-395 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Quantification in Accounting History Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 397-398 Issue: 3 Volume: 29 Year: 2019 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2019.1657679 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2019.1657679 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:29:y:2019:i:3:p:397-398 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Greg Patmore Author-X-Name-First: Greg Author-X-Name-Last: Patmore Author-Name: Mark Westcott Author-X-Name-First: Mark Author-X-Name-Last: Westcott Title: Special issue: interdisciplinary historical studies Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 1-6 Issue: 1 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2020.1717094 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2020.1717094 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:30:y:2020:i:1:p:1-6 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ben Huf Author-X-Name-First: Ben Author-X-Name-Last: Huf Title: Averages, indexes and national income: accounting for progress in colonial Australia Abstract: Economic statistics are now such an ingrained feature of everyday political discourse that they have recently become ripe as topics of historical scrutiny. This study contributes to this scholarship by shifting attention from what has been a largely American-Anglo discussion to the innovations of prominent Australian statists in the colonial and early Federation periods. In contrast to recent approaches that have treated economic statistics as emerging during the twentieth century as a discrete body of knowledge distinct from nineteenth-century ‘moral statistics’, this history is approached as an exercise in ‘accounting in history’. It highlights both patterns and discontinuities in governmental deliberations that facilitated statistical innovation, historicising and complicating the relationship between economics and statistics as domains of knowledge. By drawing attention to the tensions and overlaps of successive intellectual projects engaged by Australian government statisticians – described here in terms of transparency and control; the average man and colonial progress; the breadwinner and national wealth; the human unit and the social organism; and the consumer and ‘the economy’ – it develops new perspectives on why calculations of economic averages, indexes and national income emerged as devices of government. As major producers and consumers of contemporary economic statistics, such perspectives might provide fresh epistemological and interdisciplinary grounding for business and management scholars. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 7-43 Issue: 1 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2019.1670220 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2019.1670220 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:30:y:2020:i:1:p:7-43 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sebastian K. Boell Author-X-Name-First: Sebastian K. Author-X-Name-Last: Boell Author-Name: Florian Hoof Author-X-Name-First: Florian Author-X-Name-Last: Hoof Title: Accounting for information infrastructure as medium for organisational change Abstract: The last few decades have seen extensive changes in how organisations rely on Information Technology (IT) to account for key aspects of their operations. Understanding accounting as a process through which organisational reality is shaped, Information infrastructures (II) offers a means for analysing the role of IT in organisational change and how IT over time shapes how organisations account for what they are doing. We investigate changes to organisational II at the University of Sydney's Fisher Library from 1963 to 1975, following the introduction of manual automation systems, the use of mainframe computers, and the introduction of minicomputers into the fabric of the organisation. At Fisher Library, II changed two key functions for which the library is accountable for providing information: (1) what items does the library hold? and (2) where is a specific item when it is not on the shelf? We demonstrate that II becomes visible as a thing when it is of interest to organisational change, whereas over time, II sinks into the organisation, becoming a transparent medium that is nonetheless shaping organisational reality. This study uses Fritz Heider's theory of thing and medium to describe how over time IT changes an organisation's account for key aspects of its operation. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 45-68 Issue: 1 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2020.1713184 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2020.1713184 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:30:y:2020:i:1:p:45-68 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bernard Mees Author-X-Name-First: Bernard Author-X-Name-Last: Mees Title: Risk shifting and the decline of defined benefit pension schemes in Australia Abstract: Recent studies of private pension provision have stressed the shedding of risk by employers entailed in the international trend away from defined benefit to defined contribution arrangements. In this critical literature, the widespread development towards defined contribution schemes is seen as an exclusively poor outcome for employees as financial risk is pushed onto the members of pension plans. These criticisms have essentially been ahistorical – they are not founded in close analyses of the reforms of the relevant pension arrangements. The first country to undertake a major change from defined benefit (or benefit promise) to defined contribution (or accumulation) plans was Australia. A closer historical examination of the shift suggests that the considerable reforms in occupational pension schemes of the 1980s and 1990s cannot validly be seen, overall, as a regressive outcome for Australian workers. Three fundamental features of the reform of white-collar superannuation emerge from a close historical analysis. First, considerable simplification transpired in what previously had been a largely opaque system of retirement benefits provision. Second, there was a fixing of employer costs in light of the adoption of accrual accounting and an increasing drain on taxpayer funds in public sector schemes. Third, clear evidence of improved financial performance occurred during the reforms. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 69-87 Issue: 1 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2020.1711527 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2020.1711527 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:30:y:2020:i:1:p:69-87 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robert Crawford Author-X-Name-First: Robert Author-X-Name-Last: Crawford Title: ‘But nobody talks to accountants’: the growing influence of the finance department in the advertising agency Abstract: Historical scholarship on the advertising industry has largely focused on advertisements that it creates and, to a lesser degree, the agency's relationship with clients. This focus has meant that the finance department and its contribution to the agency’s operations have largely been ignored. This article seeks to address this omission by drawing attention to the work and contribution of the finance department in the advertising agency setting. It focuses on experiences of two trained accountants, who worked for George Patterson, one of Australia’s largest advertising agencies. Lincoln Farnsworth helped build George Patterson from the 1930s to the 1960s, while Russell McLay emerged as a key player in the agency’s subsequent expansion and internationalisation in the 1970s and 1980s. By using oral history testimony and other documentary materials, this article illustrates the growing impact of accounting on advertising agency practices and the advertising business, and highlights the contribution that accounting history offers to historians working in other fields. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 89-111 Issue: 1 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2019.1702565 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2019.1702565 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:30:y:2020:i:1:p:89-111 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jan Friedrich Author-X-Name-First: Jan Author-X-Name-Last: Friedrich Title: The effect of academic literature on accounting regulation: evidence from leases in Germany Abstract: This study explores the history of lease accounting in Germany and examines how the industry managed to maintain the favourable off-balance sheet treatment, despite regulatory opposition. Drawing upon expert interviews as well as bibliographic analysis, this study shows that the established ties to state actors, combined with the purposeful involvement in the scientific discourse, enabled the leasing industry to fend off regulatory challenges in the areas of accounting, civil law, and supervision. Combining the concept of accounting constellations with elements of structuration theory, field theory, and socio-legal studies, the study demonstrates how academic literature affects accounting regulation. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 113-136 Issue: 1 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2019.1686035 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2019.1686035 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:30:y:2020:i:1:p:113-136 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Ad hoc referees – Accounting History Review 2019 Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 137-137 Issue: 1 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2019.1698188 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2019.1698188 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:30:y:2020:i:1:p:137-137 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: The Editors Title: Announcement Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 139-139 Issue: 1 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 1 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2019.1698187 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2019.1698187 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:30:y:2020:i:1:p:139-139 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Giacomo Manetti Author-X-Name-First: Giacomo Author-X-Name-Last: Manetti Author-Name: Marco Bellucci Author-X-Name-First: Marco Author-X-Name-Last: Bellucci Author-Name: Luca Bagnoli Author-X-Name-First: Luca Author-X-Name-Last: Bagnoli Title: The construction of Brunelleschi’s dome in Florence in the fifteenth century: between accountability and technologies of government Abstract: Accounting practices played a fundamental role in the construction of Brunelleschi’s dome of Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence during the fifteenth century. This study examines the accountability practices and government technologies adopted by the Opera del Duomo, the organisation entrusted to build and maintain the Cathedral of Florence, between 1420 and 1436, when the dome was constructed. This research draws on the theories of Foucault and Dean regarding technologies of government within quasi-public administrations to explain historical evidence for the accountability practices supporting Brunelleschi’s dome construction. Through the collected evidence, we identify the application of ‘technologies of government’ hundreds of years before Foucault’s arguments about governmentality. We also describe a system of accountability, especially downward accountability, inspired by religious values that pays attention to users, the local community and other affected constituents as a result of the Opera’s special status as a ‘quasi-public’ (but formally private) administration. Our findings touch on the willingness to account for and report public funding, the presence of checks and balances inside the governance framework, the active engagement of citizens and local partners to achieve consensus, and notions of social responsibility toward the workers who helped to build the dome. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 141-169 Issue: 2 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2019.1686036 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2019.1686036 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:30:y:2020:i:2:p:141-169 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alessandro Silvestri Author-X-Name-First: Alessandro Author-X-Name-Last: Silvestri Title: Too much to account for. The Crown of Aragon and the collapse of the auditing system in late-medieval Sicily Abstract: This study focuses on the accounting and auditing system of the Kingdom of Sicily during the reign of Alfonso V of Aragon (1416–58), known as the Magnanimous. In particular, it discusses the operation of and the relationships between the two offices entrusted with the management of the kingdom’s accounts: the century-old magna curia rationum and the new office of the conservator maior regii patrimonii (established in 1414), modelled on the Castilian contaduría mayor de hacienda. This essay adopts the approach associated with the ‘archival turn’, to show that studying the accounting and bookkeeping practices, as well as their developments and innovations, is crucial to understand the operation of the Sicilian auditing system and its function in the broader political system of the Crown of Aragon. As a result of the perpetual state of conflict generated by the political agenda of Alfonso the Magnanimous in Italy and of his increasing war-funding demands, the Aragonese strategically exploited the new accounting and bookkeeping practice of the conservator to increase royal influence over the local financial apparatus. Relying on the exceptional amount of original accounting and financial records preserved at the State Archives of Palermo, this study is the first detailed examination of the auditing system and accounting practice of late-medieval Sicily. At the same time, the analysis shows that the operation and the transformations of the accounting system of a polity such as Sicily is fully intelligible only if examined in connection with the broader government of the political union of which that polity was a constituent member. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 171-206 Issue: 2 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2020.1711528 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2020.1711528 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:30:y:2020:i:2:p:171-206 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Carlos Orlando Rico-Bonilla Author-X-Name-First: Carlos Orlando Author-X-Name-Last: Rico-Bonilla Title: Making women visible in the (accounting) history of Colombia Abstract: The purpose of this study is to discuss women’s participation in the accounting history of Colombia from colonial times to the mid-twentieth century. Thus, this study examines specifically the accounts of convents, the education of women in accounting, and the participation of women in the pursuit of the profession, analysed via a variety of source documents and Scott’s methodological approach and conceptual framework. The latter explains gender as the social organisation of relations between sexes. Although one can see some progress over time, it is evident that access to and application of accounting knowledge has been quite limited for Colombian women. This situation points to social difference and distance, and it is also relevant for explaining the accounting history of Colombia. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 207-232 Issue: 2 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2020.1763410 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2020.1763410 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:30:y:2020:i:2:p:207-232 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lisa Jack Author-X-Name-First: Lisa Author-X-Name-Last: Jack Title: From a history of accounting towards a philosophy of accounting communication Abstract: Upon reading and reviewing Edwards’ A History of Corporate Financial Reporting, a sense exists of how many conversations have taken place on how accounting is practised, and how the nature of accounting communications has changed over centuries. A philosophy of communication is needed to move towards a history of accounting as conversations. Pragmaticism, as set out by Dewey and others, indicates that an understanding of communication practices as agency in accounting is needed to re-cast the history of accounting as conversation. This volume provides the temporal co-ordinates for building a philosophy of communication in accounting. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 233-242 Issue: 2 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2019.1673197 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2019.1673197 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:30:y:2020:i:2:p:233-242 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin E. Persson Author-X-Name-First: Martin E. Author-X-Name-Last: Persson Title: Accounting history publications 2019 Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 243-250 Issue: 2 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 6 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2020.1726029 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2020.1726029 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:30:y:2020:i:2:p:243-250 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cheryl Susan McWatters Author-X-Name-First: Cheryl Susan Author-X-Name-Last: McWatters Title: Accounts and assemblage: twists, turns, and the tales we tell Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 251-262 Issue: 3 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 09 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2020.1830231 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2020.1830231 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:30:y:2020:i:3:p:251-262 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pierre Gervais Author-X-Name-First: Pierre Author-X-Name-Last: Gervais Title: From ‘pure Satisfaction and Curiosity’ to the ‘particular gain or loss upon each article’: early modern philosophies of accounting in English accounting textbooks Abstract: Beginning with a periodisation of a set of 45 textbooks published in English between 1547 and 1799, and analysed by J. R. Edwards, Graeme Dean, and Frank Clarke in 2009, the study shows that in this sample, a significant shift took place in the use of managerial references between the seventeenth and the eighteenth century. Moreover, within the second period, the qualitative analysis of a sub-sample of five of these textbooks indicates that these references appeared within different epistemological contexts, not all of them business-related. Early in the 1700s, accounting techniques were presented at first as tools of self-discovery and temperance. Textbooks from the mid-eighteenth century increasingly referred to the pursuit of scientific knowledge, maybe under the influence of the Enlightenment, while late-eighteenth-century authors started to develop a business-oriented epistemology. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 263-289 Issue: 3 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2020.1813598 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2020.1813598 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:30:y:2020:i:3:p:263-289 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dale L. Flesher Author-X-Name-First: Dale L. Author-X-Name-Last: Flesher Author-Name: Gary John Previts Author-X-Name-First: Gary John Author-X-Name-Last: Previts Author-Name: Tonya Kay Flesher Author-X-Name-First: Tonya Kay Author-X-Name-Last: Flesher Title: W. W. Werntz and the curious case of ASR No. 78 (1957): insights and lessons for historians Abstract: The Securities and Exchange Commission censured its former Chief Accountant, William W. Werntz, in a case involving his first audit after leaving the SEC. This study investigates the oddities and mysteries surrounding this case and the conclusions reveal lessons for accounting historians. One conclusion is that the establishment of accounting and auditing standards is conducted in a political environment. Further, individuals who work in this environment have complicated and, sometimes, adversarial past associations and some promote ideas out of positions of self-interest, personal animosities, or for the sake of appearances. Thus accounting historians are warned to be aware of the political and social facets that underlie events and actions when trying to discover the theory behind the rules and to also suspect that the position taken may not have been for ideological reasons. As with this episode, some mysteries may not be resolved because vital facts are not available and thus the most important warning is to gather facts while the witnesses are available to provide information. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 291-305 Issue: 3 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2020.1774398 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2020.1774398 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:30:y:2020:i:3:p:291-305 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yves Levant Author-X-Name-First: Yves Author-X-Name-Last: Levant Author-Name: Marc Nikitin Author-X-Name-First: Marc Author-X-Name-Last: Nikitin Title: History of an unsuccessful performance measurement innovation: surplus accounts in France (1966–c.1990) Abstract: The surplus accounts method (méthode des comptes de surplus) is an accounting technique developed by French economists from 1966 onwards, at the request of the French government. It enables a business to assess the total year-on-year gain in productivity, and can also estimate how that gain is distributed between stakeholders. Despite efforts by the State, particularly by the researchers in charge of introducing the method, support from the French professional organisation for accountants, the Ordre des Experts-Comptables, and many academics, and the usefulness of the information that it was able to produce, the surplus accounts method failed to thrive. In this study, we aim to show how this method appeared, and the reasons why it disappeared. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 307-339 Issue: 3 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2020.1810722 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2020.1810722 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:30:y:2020:i:3:p:307-339 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Trevor Boyns Author-X-Name-First: Trevor Author-X-Name-Last: Boyns Title: The Cardiff (ABFH/AHR) Conference and Accounting, Business & Financial History, 1989–2011 – some (personal) reflections Abstract: This study focuses on the origins and development of the Cardiff Conference and its relationship with the journal, Accounting, Business & Financial History (ABFH). It provides a mixture of description of the events leading up to the decision to initiate a conference and the founding of ABFH, as well as some analysis of conference attendance, and the significance of conference presentations to the flow of papers published in ABFH/Accounting History Review. It also contains some personal reflections. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 341-361 Issue: 3 Volume: 30 Year: 2020 Month: 9 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2020.1811736 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2020.1811736 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:30:y:2020:i:3:p:341-361 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Oldroyd Author-X-Name-First: David Author-X-Name-Last: Oldroyd Title: In memory of Dick Fleischman, 1941–2020 Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 125-127 Issue: 1 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2021.1901748 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2021.1901748 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:31:y:2021:i:1:p:125-127 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Robert Arthur Bryer Author-X-Name-First: Robert Arthur Author-X-Name-Last: Bryer Title: Why Lenin failed to implement Marx’s concept of socialism: an accounting history of the Russian revolution, c.1917–1924 Abstract: To orthodox Marxists socialism means central planning. Capitalist accounting is, however, integral to Marx’s socialism that envisages universal worker co-operatives, initially accountable to workers and society for value, but with the interim aim of increasing the ‘productive forces’ to make every labour hour ‘directly’ of equal social value. This study tests the implication that implementing Marx’s socialism requires understanding capitalist accounting by examining its role in the Russian revolution. Lenin failed, it argues, because he did not understand capitalist accounting, Marx’s explanation of it, or his interim aim. Lenin stressed accounting’s centrality, but equated it with budgeting, and confused Marx’s interim aim with Day 1, which led him to support ‘centralisation’ and ‘workers’ control’. Lenin admitted a ‘mistake’ in 1921 when he had understood, apparently intuitively, the necessity of accountability for profit, which underlay his ‘New Economic Policy’, the reintroduction of double-entry bookkeeping in 1922, and his 1923 vision of socialism built from co-operatives. Lenin failed to overcome his comrades’ orthodoxy, and after his death in 1924 Stalin dropped his ideas, which the study hypothesises had important implications for twentieth-century geopolitical history. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 29-71 Issue: 1 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2021.1875249 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2021.1875249 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:31:y:2021:i:1:p:29-71 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Richard Macve Author-X-Name-First: Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Macve Title: In memory of Basil Selig Yamey, 1919–2020 Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 121-123 Issue: 1 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2021.1889625 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2021.1889625 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:31:y:2021:i:1:p:121-123 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Trevor Boyns Author-X-Name-First: Trevor Author-X-Name-Last: Boyns Title: Depreciation during the second industrial revolution: the British cycle and motor vehicle industries, c.1896–c.1922 Abstract: This study examines the approach to depreciation adopted by companies engaged in two light engineering industries associated with the second industrial revolution: the cycle and motor vehicle industries. Through an examination of the published accounts of 21 companies engaged in these sectors at some time during the study period, and the archival records of two of them (Birmingham Small Arms and Daimler), this study examines the extent to which firm depreciation practices differed from those in more traditional sectors (iron and steel, coal, transport) previously examined by historians. It is found that depreciation was applied more regularly and, at least in some cases, according to set rates and using sophisticated systems. Nevertheless, the depreciation practices of firms, especially in the motor vehicle sector, have been deemed to render net profit figures unusable as a means of comparing business performance before the introduction of new legal requirements relating to financial reporting introduced by the 1928 Companies Act. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 73-112 Issue: 1 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2021.1922123 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2021.1922123 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:31:y:2021:i:1:p:73-112 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Adelino Martins Author-X-Name-First: Adelino Author-X-Name-Last: Martins Title: Public sector accounting and fiscal policy in Brazil (1906–1931): foreign credit negotiation and political use Abstract: During the First Republic (1889–1930), also known as the Old Republic, and the Provisional Government of Getúlio Vargas (1930–1934), Brazilian public sector accounting institutions underwent a phase of accelerated reforms. This study examines how budgetary imbalances, political interference in the ways of calculating the budget results, and foreign loan negotiations affected these reforms. We analyse primary and secondary sources to establish the link between the reforms of accounting institutions, budgetary policy, and foreign loan negotiations. The analysis is qualitative and instrumentally employs the concepts of institutions and public accountability. We utilise quantitative data to provide a picture of the Brazilian fiscal context. The collected evidence indicates that the financing of coffee stocks gave rise to the reinforcement of the double-entry bookkeeping method in the State of São Paulo in 1906. It also shows that the federal fiscal imbalances required foreign financing and that the loan negotiations induced changes in the Treasury’s accounting in 1914, in the regulation of the Central Accounting Office in 1924, and in the Accounting Code in 1931. We argue that the search for calculative legitimacy for political programmes led to interference in the Central Accounting Office in 1927 and 1931, which affected the comparability of budgetary results. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 1-28 Issue: 1 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2021.1895237 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2021.1895237 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:31:y:2021:i:1:p:1-28 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin E. Persson Author-X-Name-First: Martin E. Author-X-Name-Last: Persson Title: Accounting history publications 2020 Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 113-120 Issue: 1 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2021.1894188 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2021.1894188 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:31:y:2021:i:1:p:113-120 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Noguchi Masayoshi Author-X-Name-First: Noguchi Author-X-Name-Last: Masayoshi Author-Name: Yuta Sumi Author-X-Name-First: Yuta Author-X-Name-Last: Sumi Author-Name: Yasuhiro Shimizu Author-X-Name-First: Yasuhiro Author-X-Name-Last: Shimizu Title: Occupation, financial reporting and unintended consequences in post-World War Two Japan: the case of mining corporations 1946–1950 Abstract: Making extensive use of official Holding Company Liquidation Commission (HCLC) documents possessed by the National Archives of Japan, this study examines accounting practices adopted by three major Japanese mining corporations in the process of their dissolution in the immediate post-war period from 1946 to 1950. The study finds that (1) conventional accounting practices adopted by the Zaibatsu mining companies were sufficient to allow the HCLC to dictate conglomerate dissolution policies; and (2) forecast balance sheets prepared by the companies following the ‘Instructions for the Preparation of Financial Statements of Manufacturing and Trading Companies’, issued by the General Headquarters (GHQ) in July 1947, after the HCLC decided to split them up, provided an important foundation for their financial consolidation in the immediate post-war period. With these findings, this study, unlike prior research, argues that the Instructions were used by the Zaibatsu mining corporations in an unexpected way to rebuild their capital structures and survive in the post-war period, rather than to dissolve themselves under the GHQ's occupation policy. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 215-252 Issue: 2 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2021.1966482 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2021.1966482 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:31:y:2021:i:2:p:215-252 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Thomas A. Lee Author-X-Name-First: Thomas A. Author-X-Name-Last: Lee Title: Edinburgh accountants in public practice pre-collective organisation: 1757–1834 Abstract: This study is intended to increase knowledge and improve understanding of early public accountancy professionalisation in Scotland by applying the prosopographical research method to a community of practitioners in the capital city of Edinburgh in the early-nineteenth century. Using archival data, the study identifies the collective professional and social characteristics of 124 Edinburgh practitioners in 1834 by means of career-related analyses of their origin, education, training, and service-related signals of movement to occupational ascendency prior to the community’s later collective organisation. The study makes visible a structured and mature community operating in several occupational jurisdictions involving multi-disciplinary knowledge; maintaining a subordinate but mutually-dependent relationship with the legal profession; having a primary role in emerging insurance services; and achieving individual practitioner status recognition in a class-conscious city. Evidence of signals of movement to occupational ascendency adds to existing knowledge and understanding of the pre-collective organisation phase of public accountancy professionalisation in Scotland. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 165-191 Issue: 2 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2021.1950787 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2021.1950787 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:31:y:2021:i:2:p:165-191 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alessandra Bulgarelli Author-X-Name-First: Alessandra Author-X-Name-Last: Bulgarelli Author-Name: Clelia Fiondella Author-X-Name-First: Clelia Author-X-Name-Last: Fiondella Author-Name: Marco Maffei Author-X-Name-First: Marco Author-X-Name-Last: Maffei Author-Name: Rosanna Spanò Author-X-Name-First: Rosanna Author-X-Name-Last: Spanò Title: Relational approaches to accounting change: the Stati as means of mediation in the Kingdom of Naples Abstract: This study investigates accounting change processes by examining the creation and implementation of new accounting tools—known as Stati—to plan and monitor local finance during the period of 1611–1633 in the Kingdom of Naples. The Stati arose among several measures in this vast peripheral State of the Spanish imperial system to address problems concerning financial and material support, given constant Spanish war campaigns. The accounting change investigated in this research involved 2000 municipalities and started an ongoing dialogue, which laid the foundations for a new relationship between the central government and local communities. The study aims to ascertain how specific contextual and cultural features shape the accounting change process. It employs the Middle Range Theory (MRT) of Broadbent and Laughlin and finds that the Kingdom of Naples underwent a successful change known as reorientation through boundary management. The results highlight how the successful change took place beyond the intrinsic potential of the proposed technical innovation, showing how the suggested tools were conceived, designed, adapted, implemented, and shared. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 129-164 Issue: 2 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2021.1922122 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2021.1922122 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:31:y:2021:i:2:p:129-164 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Noguchi Masayoshi Author-X-Name-First: Noguchi Author-X-Name-Last: Masayoshi Author-Name: Takashi Kitaura Author-X-Name-First: Takashi Author-X-Name-Last: Kitaura Author-Name: Yuta Sumi Author-X-Name-First: Yuta Author-X-Name-Last: Sumi Author-Name: Yasuhiro Shimizu Author-X-Name-First: Yasuhiro Author-X-Name-Last: Shimizu Title: Corporate governance in Japan in the 1930s and its impact on financial reporting practice Abstract: Japan’s financial reporting system during the 1930s is an essential analytical subject as it provides an indispensable opportunity for scholars to identify the determinants of financial reporting practice adopted in an unregulated disclosure setting. This study examines the claim that the number of items disclosed in the income statement produced by Japanese heavy chemical companies during this period was materially affected by the period’s national economic policy put in place to rationalise the sector through business combinations. To test this proposition, we conduct an ordered logit analysis using 1651 panel data sets consisting of income statements issued by 104 industrial companies available from the Integrated Database of Corporate Historical Materials provided by the Japan Digital Archives Center (J-DAC). Our evidence suggests the possibility that an inherent motivation existed on the part of the owner-managers in the heavy chemical industry to withhold performance information from the public as a consequence of the business combination movement promoted by the National Industrial Rationalization initiative. One possible explanation is the desire of the corporate managers to protect their dominant position from hostile takeovers by providing less-transparent information and thus amplifying the uncertainty associated with acquisitions. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 193-214 Issue: 2 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 05 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2021.1956980 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2021.1956980 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:31:y:2021:i:2:p:193-214 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: John Richard Edwards Author-X-Name-First: John Richard Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards Author-Name: Brian West Author-X-Name-First: Brian Author-X-Name-Last: West Title: The problematical nature of auditor independence: a historical perspective Abstract: Much of the utility of the external audit derives from a presumption that professional auditors are independent and will therefore provide impartial opinions – premises that have often been challenged in recent decades. Focusing initially on a nineteenth-century phenomenon, the ‘continuous audit’, this study provides a historical perspective for reviewing contemporary concerns with the audit function by revealing that failings in auditor independence date from the naissance of the professional audit. It is shown that the continuous audit served primarily the needs of management. That is, in modern parlance, it was a form of management consulting carried out under the guise of an independent service for the benefit of shareholders. Eventually this deception proved unsustainable as the emergent audit profession sought to strengthen its claim to independence and company managers sought more cost-effective means for the routine monitoring of operations. Lack of independence and conflict of interest persisted, however, continuing to be masked by a rhetorical discourse that protected the occupational territory and authority of the audit profession through to the present day. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 255-285 Issue: 3 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 09 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2022.2036621 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2022.2036621 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:31:y:2021:i:3:p:255-285 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Graeme Dean Author-X-Name-First: Graeme Author-X-Name-Last: Dean Title: Corporate capers, group accounting reforms Abstract: Histories of business firms, mergers and takeovers, disputes, frauds and failures have proven fruitful in observing whether accounting generally produces serviceable information in applied commercial settings. We contribute to this literature by drawing on John Preston’s 2021 biography of Robert Maxwell, and earlier biographies of the media baron, juxtaposed with evidence in Frank Partnoy’s account of the 1920s larger-than-life Swedish engineer, businessman and financier Ivar Kreuger. Cameos of other business histories are interposed to suggest these cases are not outliers. Both oversaw what was referred to as an unexpected company failure. While their founder manager actions suggest that there is nothing new under the sun, there are enduring deficiencies in the group information disclosed to interested parties using malleable standards-based accounting, especially conventional consolidation accounting. These weaknesses are known to regulators and accounting standard setters but remain effectively unaddressed. The wheeling and dealing of Maxwell and Kreuger provide the commercial equivalent of a laboratory setting, with evidence suggesting circumvention of the separate legal entity notion within corporate groups, impeding effective regulatory and governance controls. Using a hypothetical, worked example, an alternative group accounting system illustrates how disclosure of additional, more serviceable group information to interested parties would likely provide a check on the actions of a dominant manager, and further, provide a greater likelihood of identification of a company failure trajectory. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 287-314 Issue: 3 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 09 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2022.2059531 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2022.2059531 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:31:y:2021:i:3:p:287-314 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Cheryl Susan McWatters Author-X-Name-First: Cheryl Susan Author-X-Name-Last: McWatters Title: Accounting [in] history in the COVID-19 era Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 253-254 Issue: 3 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 09 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2022.2064985 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2022.2064985 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:31:y:2021:i:3:p:253-254 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Diane H. Roberts Author-X-Name-First: Diane H. Author-X-Name-Last: Roberts Title: Gender stereotyping in public accounting: Price Waterhouse v. Hopkins Abstract: Ann Hopkins (1943–2018) was passed over for partner at Price Waterhouse (PW) in 1982 although she billed more hours than other aspiring partner candidates and obtained one of the largest deals in PW history to that date. Giving her the partnership denial news, a male PW partner cited her ‘macho’ demeanour and non-gender conforming behaviour as the reason. Hopkins sued in 1983 and finally prevailed in 1990 following the US Supreme Court holding in her favor. Hopkins lost seven years of her career before receiving her PW partnership by order of the court. Legal definitions of workplace discrimination were expanded to include gender stereotyping of men and women. Constructive discharge (legal condition necessary for a monetary remedy) was extended to career-ending circumstances including denial of partnership. Hopkins’s legal quest was situated in the gendered notions of her time and the gendered construction of the accounting profession. The study underscores her contributions to expanding opportunities for women in accounting and other professions. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 315-334 Issue: 3 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 09 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2022.2057560 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2022.2057560 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:31:y:2021:i:3:p:315-334 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin E. Persson Author-X-Name-First: Martin E. Author-X-Name-Last: Persson Title: Accounting History Publications 2021 Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 335-340 Issue: 3 Volume: 31 Year: 2021 Month: 09 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2022.2064886 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2022.2064886 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:31:y:2021:i:3:p:335-340 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RABF_A_2025113_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220804T044749 git hash: 24b08f8188 Author-Name: Alessandro Capocchi Author-X-Name-First: Alessandro Author-X-Name-Last: Capocchi Author-Name: Paola Orlandini Author-X-Name-First: Paola Author-X-Name-Last: Orlandini Author-Name: Mariarita Pierotti Author-X-Name-First: Mariarita Author-X-Name-Last: Pierotti Author-Name: Stefano Amelio Author-X-Name-First: Stefano Author-X-Name-Last: Amelio Title: The nature, roles, uses, and impacts of accounting systems in the Real Liceo of Lucca in the nineteenth century Abstract: This study aims to advance the literature by examining how accounting systems were used in the management of the Real Liceo in Lucca during the nineteenth century. It considers rare documents, statutes, and accounting books concerning the administration of the Real Liceo from 1819 to 1848. Focused on the importance of academic and educational organisation at the individual and societal levels, in line with Foucault’s works and theories, this research critically analyses the social and technical practice of accounting within the context of the Real Liceo, especially the nature, roles, uses, and impacts of accounting information in allocating resources and evaluating accountability. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 1-29 Issue: 1 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2021.2025113 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2021.2025113 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:32:y:2022:i:1:p:1-29 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RABF_A_2089703_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220804T044749 git hash: 24b08f8188 Author-Name: Carmelo Marisca Author-X-Name-First: Carmelo Author-X-Name-Last: Marisca Author-Name: Gustavo Barresi Author-X-Name-First: Gustavo Author-X-Name-Last: Barresi Author-Name: Nicola Rappazzo Author-X-Name-First: Nicola Author-X-Name-Last: Rappazzo Title: Industry self-regulatory institutions, accounting and imitation mechanisms: the case of the ‘Unione Commercianti in Manifatture di Milano’ Abstract: This study investigates the role that the analysis of accounting books can assume for the functioning of an industry self-regulatory institution. If industry self-regulatory institutions have been extensively studied, scholars have neglected the role that accounting can have in their functioning, as well as an imitation mechanism. This research is focused on the ‘Unione Commercianti in Manifatture di Milano’, created in 1898. The Union contributed towards preserving fair and honest trade in the textiles industry, and to protecting the credit rights of members involved in the bankruptcy proceedings of their customers. Between 1898 and 1902, the Union examined the accounting books of more than 1700 proceedings. According to institutional theory, for each organisation the analysis of accounting books represents a mechanism for arbitrating, a tool to evaluate whether or not to try to recover credit rights. Considering the difficulty for organisations to arbitrate, the need to acquire and analyse the financial information of customers involved in bankruptcy proceedings represented a key factor for the creation of the Union. Its ability to evaluate bankruptcy proceedings through the investigation of accounting books – conducting ‘accounting and legal autopsies’ in many proceedings – generated imitation mechanisms that pushed new members to join the institution. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 31-57 Issue: 1 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2022.2089703 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2022.2089703 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:32:y:2022:i:1:p:31-57 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RABF_A_2106398_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220804T044749 git hash: 24b08f8188 Author-Name: Cheryl McWatters Author-X-Name-First: Cheryl Author-X-Name-Last: McWatters Title: 28th Journées d’Histoire du Management et des Organisations Accounting History Review Annual Conference Nantes Université – IAE Economie & Management 22, 23 and 24 March 2023 Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 91-95 Issue: 1 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2022.2106398 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2022.2106398 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:32:y:2022:i:1:p:91-95 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RABF_A_2097929_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220804T044749 git hash: 24b08f8188 Author-Name: José Luís Barbosa Author-X-Name-First: José Luís Author-X-Name-Last: Barbosa Author-Name: Victor Ferreira Moutinho Author-X-Name-First: Victor Ferreira Author-X-Name-Last: Moutinho Author-Name: Pedro Mendonça Silva Author-X-Name-First: Pedro Mendonça Author-X-Name-Last: Silva Title: Examining the relationships between revenues and their components and expenditures and their components using Markov-Switching regressions. Evidence from the municipality of Coimbra (1557–1836) Abstract: The present work aims to evaluate quantitatively the relationships between revenues and their components and expenditures and their components in the Municipality of Coimbra during the Early Modern era (1557–1836), according to the revenue and expenditure books of the Municipality of Coimbra. To examine the proposed relationships, we apply the Markov-Switching regression techniques. It is shown that the Markov-Switching analysis allows a different perception of changing regimes in municipal accounting. The analysis reveals that most accounting components had a significant impact on revenues and expenditures in the short and long term. It is argued that the lack of technological innovation that occurred at the level of accounting recording technologies had no impact on the evolution of revenue, expenditure, and its components. Our empirical results are important to motivate the debate on accounting methods, highlighting the importance of long-term dynamic analysis as opposed to short-term static views. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 59-89 Issue: 1 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2022.2097929 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2022.2097929 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:32:y:2022:i:1:p:59-89 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RABF_A_2137536_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Irfan Ullah Author-X-Name-First: Irfan Author-X-Name-Last: Ullah Author-Name: Arshad Ali Author-X-Name-First: Arshad Author-X-Name-Last: Ali Title: Government Accounting in Pakistan: transition from a Legacy system to the New Accounting Model Abstract: This research aims to describe and assess the historical development of government accounting in Pakistan; and to analyse the distinctive elements of each stage of development that contributed to the dynamics of change. Prior studies have overlooked public sector accounting as researchers have focused more on Pakistan’s private sector. We find, in the first instance, a transition in the government accounting of the country from a Legacy system to the New Accounting Model. A thematic analysis of the archival data further reveals that the system has passed through the stages of Dependency, Stepping-stone, and Modernisation with a forward look to Standardisation. Beyond accounting history, our results are deemed to be useful to accounting education, policy, and practice. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 173-199 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 09 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2022.2137536 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2022.2137536 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:32:y:2022:i:2-3:p:173-199 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RABF_A_2165515_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Mohammad Namazi Author-X-Name-First: Mohammad Author-X-Name-Last: Namazi Author-Name: Fatemeh Taak Author-X-Name-First: Fatemeh Author-X-Name-Last: Taak Title: Accounting analysis of the Achaemenes archives: a summative content analysis Abstract: This study deciphers provocative features of the Achaemenid Empire’s accounting system. In particular, it investigates the accounting and bookkeeping mechanisms, practised in that era (in what is present-day Iran), and the major social and physical duality characteristics of these mechanisms. The research employs the techniques of summative content analysis to examine accounting clay-tablets found in the fortifications of the Persepolis. The tablets date back to the thirteenth to the twenty-eighth year (509–494 BCE) of the rule of Darius the Great of the Achaemenid Empire. The findings reveal the development of an elaborate accounting system that represented physical duality (transfer of actual physical commodities in the scheme of input-output analysis) as well as social duality (transfer of ownership, investing and/or lending and borrowing within the input-output system). The use of tokens to record, classify, and analyse accounts, to establish control and accountability, and to allocate resources suggests that our present-day systems are grounded in the knowledge transmission of earlier eras. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 145-171 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 09 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2023.2165515 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2023.2165515 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:32:y:2022:i:2-3:p:145-171 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RABF_A_2143827_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949 Author-Name: Nicole V. S. Ratzinger-Sakel Author-X-Name-First: Nicole V. S. Author-X-Name-Last: Ratzinger-Sakel Author-Name: Thorben Tiedemann Author-X-Name-First: Thorben Author-X-Name-Last: Tiedemann Title: Fraud in accounting and audit research (1926–2019) – a bibliometric analysis Abstract: In the light of corporate fraud scandals, this study highlights the evolution and trends of fraud-related research within the accounting and audit discipline. Using bibliometrics to explore 260 fraud articles published in leading accounting and auditing journals between 1926 and 2019, our study reveals shifts in theories, frameworks, and research topics that shaped the research field. We find that the evolution of fraud research in the accounting and audit discipline is closely linked to developments in the regulatory environment. We further show that the fragmented literature can be categorised into different clusters, characterising various research streams. Based on the visualisation of fading and emerging research topics, we suggest promising future research avenues. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 97-143 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 32 Year: 2022 Month: 09 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2022.2143827 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2022.2143827 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:32:y:2022:i:2-3:p:97-143 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RABF_A_2207609_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Inmaculada Llibrer Escrig Author-X-Name-First: Inmaculada Author-X-Name-Last: Llibrer Escrig Author-Name: Susana Villaluenga de Gracia Author-X-Name-First: Susana Author-X-Name-Last: Villaluenga de Gracia Title: Learning from history. Deconstructing the charge-and-discharge system within an accountability context Abstract: The charge-and-discharge system was widely used throughout previous centuries and in all types of institutions, but the variables that shape accountability arrangements have not been analysed systematically in a comprehensive way. This study provides an extensive survey of charge-and-discharge accounting across a wide time frame (from the Roman Empire to the nineteenth century), a range of institutions (government, aristocratic, church, business and so forth), and a range of countries. Such large-scale comparisons benefit researchers who are focusing on a single time period, region, or institutional type. Our main objective is to decompose the charge-and-discharge system and classify its elements in terms of cause-and-effect relationships. We adopt a qualitative methodology to identify the features, the cause-and-effect relationships, and the spheres in which meaning is perceived (accounting, institutions, and society). Based on our results, we conclude that the charge-and-discharge system is a multivariable and multicausal phenomenon used in the context of delegated management, which acquires greater relevance as a mechanism of accountability. Charge-and-discharge involves an obligation to explain and justify one’s conduct. Our objective is to open further discussion in an accountability context and facilitate future in-depth studies that reveal the development, processes, and effects of accountability within the accounting, institutional and social context across space and time. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 1-27 Issue: 1 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2023.2207609 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2023.2207609 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:33:y:2023:i:1:p:1-27 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RABF_A_2204117_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Damiano Cortese Author-X-Name-First: Damiano Author-X-Name-Last: Cortese Author-Name: Silvia Sinicropi Author-X-Name-First: Silvia Author-X-Name-Last: Sinicropi Title: ‘Non è mai troppo tardi’. An Italian TV programme in the service of public education (1958–1967): an accounting [in] history perspective Abstract: ‘Telescuola’ (translated readily as ‘Teleschool’) was an innovative educational television project realised by the Italian radio and television broadcasting service – RAI (1958–1967) that aimed at improving the conditions of the population through TV lessons, specifically by contributing to the literacy of adults. Using financial statements from RAI, data from the Ministry of Public Education and Labour – considered from an ‘accounting [in] history’ perspective – as well as different evidence (annual reports, governmental documents, sociological data), literature and historiography on the subject, the study investigates the influence of the initiative as a path to people’s emancipation built on an instrument (the television) typically associated with power. The theoretical framework relates to the power/empowerment effects of mass media and is founded on a critical discussion of the notion of Synopticon (that is a concomitant conception to that of the Panopticon). The study therefore contributes to the debate about the effects of mass media and fosters deeper understanding by contextualising accounting recordings within these social and historical frameworks. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 29-45 Issue: 1 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2023.2204117 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2023.2204117 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:33:y:2023:i:1:p:29-45 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RABF_A_2199789_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Martin E. Persson Author-X-Name-First: Martin E. Author-X-Name-Last: Persson Title: Accounting history publications 2022 Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 47-52 Issue: 1 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2023.2199789 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2023.2199789 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:33:y:2023:i:1:p:47-52 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RABF_A_2232984_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20 Author-Name: Cheryl S. McWatters Author-X-Name-First: Cheryl S. Author-X-Name-Last: McWatters Author-Name: Alisdair Dobie Author-X-Name-First: Alisdair Author-X-Name-Last: Dobie Title: Accounting [in] HistoryAccounting History Review Annual ConferenceEdge Hill University Business School Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 53-53 Issue: 1 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 01 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2023.2232984 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2023.2232984 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:33:y:2023:i:1:p:53-53 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RABF_A_2250824_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Geoff Burrows Author-X-Name-First: Geoff Author-X-Name-Last: Burrows Author-Name: Phillip Cobbin Author-X-Name-First: Phillip Author-X-Name-Last: Cobbin Author-Name: Jane Hronsky Author-X-Name-First: Jane Author-X-Name-Last: Hronsky Title: Cheating ‘Jack Tar’: seafarers’ wages in Britain’s Royal Navy, 1754–1767 Abstract: The introduction of the Navy Act of 1758 by the British Parliament was designed to provide a mechanism whereby the payment of wages and allowances to Royal Navy seafarers and their dependants would be placed on a more equitable footing through more timely remittances. This study challenges earlier claims made concerning the effectiveness of the Act in this regard. By utilising modern accrual accounting techniques, we demonstrate conclusively how, over a 14-year period of war and peace (1754–1767) that included the promulgation of the Act, seafarers were forced to endure longer periods for payment seemingly at odds with the desires of Parliament. We provide explanations regarding this phenomenon showing seafarers were ensnared in a macro-level public-finance policy agenda that strictly prioritised the credit status of the Royal Navy through the timely payment of Navy bills at the expense of the day-to-day survival needs of seafarers. In order to maintain reputation and ensure the ongoing supply of materials, we show that accounting technologies, in the form of parliamentary budgetary processes and Treasury and Royal Navy cash management practices, were used to deliver this outcome. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 59-80 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 09 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2023.2250824 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2023.2250824 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:33:y:2023:i:2-3:p:59-80 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RABF_A_2301077_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Trevor Boyns Author-X-Name-First: Trevor Author-X-Name-Last: Boyns Title: Measuring profit and performance, a cautionary tale: Birmingham Small Arms c.1911–c.1936 Abstract: Prior to the enactment of the Companies Act 1948, the ability of British company directors to largely determine the nature and form of the corporate financial statements published by their company, renders the information provided in those statements highly problematic. Of particular concern were the ability to hide transactions affecting reserve account balances and the lack of any legal requirement for companies which owned subsidiaries to present consolidated accounts. In the light of the problems and pitfalls identified previously in the literature, this study analyses the usefulness of reported profit figures as a means of measuring company performance, through an examination of the published financial statements of the conglomerate manufacturing firm, Birmingham Small Arms Co. Ltd., between 1911 and 1936. Although the analysis, which utilises internal accounting records, suffers from the usual problems associated with a single case study, it does complement earlier findings, thereby extending our understanding of the extent to which directors of British conglomerate companies manipulated corporate financial statements in the interwar years. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 81-102 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 09 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2023.2301077 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2023.2301077 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:33:y:2023:i:2-3:p:81-102 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RABF_A_2315698_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Cheryl S. McWatters Author-X-Name-First: Cheryl S. Author-X-Name-Last: McWatters Title: Reflections from the Editor’s Desk Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 55-57 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 09 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2024.2315698 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2024.2315698 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:33:y:2023:i:2-3:p:55-57 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RABF_A_2287750_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Yannick Lemarchand Author-X-Name-First: Yannick Author-X-Name-Last: Lemarchand Title: In memory of Esteban Hernández Esteve, 1931–2023 Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 135-139 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 09 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2023.2287750 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2023.2287750 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:33:y:2023:i:2-3:p:135-139 Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 # input file: RABF_A_2226708_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a Author-Name: Arianna Lazzini Author-X-Name-First: Arianna Author-X-Name-Last: Lazzini Author-Name: Simone Lazzini Author-X-Name-First: Simone Author-X-Name-Last: Lazzini Author-Name: Federica Balluchi Author-X-Name-First: Federica Author-X-Name-Last: Balluchi Title: Social and moral accountability in action: the religious roots of corporate social responsibility in an Italian entrepreneurial family (1900–1950) Abstract: A company’s most valuable asset is its employees. Since the 1970s, corporate social responsibility (CSR) has been a topic of increasing interest in terms of performance and disclosure. However, little attention has been paid to the history of CSR practices, which should be studied within historical and cultural contexts. Based on archival material and secondary sources, and using arguments from moral economics and Catholic Social Theory, this study uniquely investigates the role of religious and ethical beliefs in influencing CSR actions and accountability. We focus on the case of Vaccari, an entrepreneurial Italian Catholic family in the early-twentieth century, which was clearly inspired by upward accountability (to God) and not just economic returns. The family took CSR actions to improve the welfare and living conditions of its workers (downward accountability). Vaccari’s religious value system was strongly based on the principles of Catholic Social Teaching (CST) contained in the 1891 encyclical Rerum Novarum of Pope Leo XIII, addressed to ‘all men of good will’. Our historical analysis informs modern CSR practices, revealing that management’s commitment to ethics and sound values is the correct starting point for developing good and sustainable business practices. Journal: Accounting History Review Pages: 103-133 Issue: 2-3 Volume: 33 Year: 2023 Month: 09 X-DOI: 10.1080/21552851.2023.2226708 File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/21552851.2023.2226708 File-Format: text/html File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. Handle: RePEc:taf:acbsfi:v:33:y:2023:i:2-3:p:103-133