Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gillian Cookson 
Author-X-Name-First: Gillian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cookson 
Title: Family Firms and Business Networks: Textile Engineering in Yorkshire, 1780-1830 
Abstract:
  Recent accounts of nineteenth-century industrial organisation have
 presented the family firm as a secure environment in an essentially
 low-trust business environment. This article considers the transition of
 the textile engineering industry from an artisan trade of the late
 eighteenth century to one centred upon factories from the 1820s. Business
 networks were much more than casual links outside individual firms, but
 made up a central part of the industrial structure and operated in a
 collaborative, rather than a competitive, framework. In contrast,
 experiences of engineers within family firms illustrate that relationships
 within those firms were not guaranteed to be less problematic than with
 members of the surrounding community. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-20 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000001 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000001 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:1-20




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gary Magee 
Author-X-Name-First: Gary 
Author-X-Name-Last: Magee 
Title: Technological Divergence in a Continuous Flow Production Industry: American and British Paper Making in the Late Victorian and Edwardian Era 
Abstract:
  For most of the nineteenth century Britain held an undisputed lead in the
 field of paper-machine technology. By the 1890s this lead had been lost to
 America. This article argues that Britain's loss of technological
 preeminence at this time had much more to do with the greater scale of the
 American market and the willingness of American manufacturers to embrace
 schemes that enhanced technological accumulation than it did to any
 protracted adherence to outdated and traditional practices that some
 British workers might have had. The article also outlines a general
 framework for the analysis of the rate of innovation achieved through
 learning. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 21-46 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000002 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000002 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:21-46




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christian Bellak 
Author-X-Name-First: Christian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bellak 
Title: Austrian Manufacturing MNEs: Long-Term Perspectives 
Abstract:
  This article assesses the last 100 years of Austrian FDI. Before 1914
 Austrian firms rarely engaged in FDI, mainly since the large home market
 had a high growth potential and since Austrian firms - although among the
 largest domestically - were smaller than their international competitors,
 less diversified and less vertically integrated, and hence their growth
 was based domestically and internally oriented. Despite the 'automatic'
 increase of FDI through the new borders in the early inter-war period, the
 loss of former markets, the crisis of 1929 and finally the Anschluss
 affected Austrian FDI negatively. Even in the post-Second World War period
 Austrian FDI remained subdued, mainly for structural factors and a
 favourable exporting environment. Only in the years preceding Austria's
 succession to the European Union in 1995 did FDI increase heavily, and
 Austrian firms became extensively involved in multinational activities. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 47-71 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000003 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000003 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:47-71




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rolv Petter Amdam 
Author-X-Name-First: Rolv Petter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Amdam 
Author-Name: Ove Bjarnar 
Author-X-Name-First: Ove 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bjarnar 
Title: Regional Business Networks and the Diffusion of American Management and Organisational Models to Norway, 1945-65 
Abstract:
  The effort to diffuse American principles of management, organisation and
 production after the Second World War was a strong movement involving most
 West European countries, including small countries dominated by small
 companies. This article focuses on the outcome of this process by taking a
 regional perspective in a recipient country. The study is based on an
 examination of business networks in one small Norwegian region, M&#xf8;re
 and Romsdal, between 1945 and 1965. The dominant form of industrial
 organisation in the region was characterised by flexible specialisation.
 Since many researchers have claimed that the diffusion of the mass
 production model was the core of Americanisation, it might be assumed that
 differences in industrial organisation would have acted as a counterforce
 within this diffusion process. This article, however, shows that in the
 case of the M&#xf8;re and Romsdal region, the Americans showed a
 remarkable skill in adjusting to local circumstances. Instead of
 counteracting the dominant local industrial organisation, the diffusion
 process strengthened local traditions in developing networks between
 independent small companies. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 72-90 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000004 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000004 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:72-90




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Armstrong 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Armstrong 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 91-92 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000005 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000005 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:91-92




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kenneth Morgan 
Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morgan 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 92-93 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000006 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000006 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:92-93




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Rose 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rose 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 93-94 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000007 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000007 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:93-94




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: D. A. Farnie 
Author-X-Name-First: D. A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Farnie 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 94-96 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000008 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000008 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:94-96




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen Jackson 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jackson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 96-97 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000009 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000009 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:96-97




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: D. A. Farnie 
Author-X-Name-First: D. A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Farnie 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 97-98 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000010 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000010 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:97-98




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: W. A. Thomas 
Author-X-Name-First: W. A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thomas 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 99-100 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000011 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000011 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:99-100




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Singleton 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Singleton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 100-101 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000012 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000012 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:100-101




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Forrest Capie 
Author-X-Name-First: Forrest 
Author-X-Name-Last: Capie 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 101-102 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000013 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000013 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:101-102




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: W. A. Thomas 
Author-X-Name-First: W. A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thomas 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 102-103 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000014 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000014 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:102-103




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katrina Honeyman 
Author-X-Name-First: Katrina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Honeyman 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 103-104 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000015 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000015 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:103-104




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Collins 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Collins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 104-105 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000016 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000016 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:104-105




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger Middleton 
Author-X-Name-First: Roger 
Author-X-Name-Last: Middleton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 105-106 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000017 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000017 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:105-106




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Campbell-Kelly 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Campbell-Kelly 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 106-107 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000018 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000018 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:106-107




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. K. J. Thomson 
Author-X-Name-First: J. K. J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thomson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 107-108 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000019 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000019 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:107-108




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ron Weir 
Author-X-Name-First: Ron 
Author-X-Name-Last: Weir 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 109-109 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000020 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000020 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:109-109




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ben Gales 
Author-X-Name-First: Ben 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gales 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 110-111 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000021 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000021 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:110-111




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 111-113 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000022 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000022 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:111-113




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rolv Petter Amdam 
Author-X-Name-First: Rolv Petter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Amdam 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 113-114 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000023 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000023 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:113-114




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ruggero Ranieri 
Author-X-Name-First: Ruggero 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ranieri 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 115-115 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000024 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000024 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:115-115




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Lewis 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lewis 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 116-116 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000025 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000025 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:116-116




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hein Klemann 
Author-X-Name-First: Hein 
Author-X-Name-Last: Klemann 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 117-117 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000026 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000026 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:117-117




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Perrins 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Perrins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 118-119 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000027 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000027 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:118-119




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joseph Harrison 
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harrison 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 119-120 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000028 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000028 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:119-120




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mairi Maclean 
Author-X-Name-First: Mairi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maclean 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 120-121 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000029 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000029 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:120-121




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Mumford 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mumford 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 121-122 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000030 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000030 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:121-122




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Phillip Scranton 
Author-X-Name-First: Phillip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scranton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 123-124 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000031 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000031 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:123-124




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Richardson 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Richardson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 124-125 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000032 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000032 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:124-125




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Benson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Benson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 125-126 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000033 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000033 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:125-126




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Kielbowicz 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kielbowicz 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 126-127 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000034 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000034 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:126-127




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael French 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: French 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 127-128 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000035 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000035 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:127-128




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Margaret Walsh 
Author-X-Name-First: Margaret 
Author-X-Name-Last: Walsh 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 128-129 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000036 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000036 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:128-129




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Edwin Perkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Edwin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Perkins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 129-130 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000037 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000037 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:129-130




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 130-131 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000038 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000038 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:130-131




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Clay 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clay 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 131-132 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000039 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000039 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:131-132




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gordon Boyce 
Author-X-Name-First: Gordon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boyce 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 132-133 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000040 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000040 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:132-133




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Ville 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ville 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 133-134 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000041 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000041 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:133-134




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stana Nenadic 
Author-X-Name-First: Stana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nenadic 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 134-135 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000042 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000042 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:134-135




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Colin Lewis 
Author-X-Name-First: Colin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lewis 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 136-137 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000043 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000043 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:136-137




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mira Wilkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Mira 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilkins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 137-138 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000044 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000044 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:137-138




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geraint Johnes 
Author-X-Name-First: Geraint 
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnes 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 138-139 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000045 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000045 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:138-139




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoff Timmins 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoff 
Author-X-Name-Last: Timmins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 139-140 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000046 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000046 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:139-140




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sidney Pollard 
Author-X-Name-First: Sidney 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pollard 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 140-141 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000047 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000047 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:1:p:140-141




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robin Pearson 
Author-X-Name-First: Robin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson 
Title: British Business History: A Review of the Periodical Literature for 1995 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-20 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000048 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000048 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:1-20




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Charles Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Charles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Title: Institutional Forms of British Foreign Direct Investment in South America 
Abstract:
  This article uses South American evidence to substantiate a claim that,
 notwithstanding the many difficulties of controlling overseas agents,
 effective strategic control was exerted over much British direct
 investment in South America through entrepreneurial companies or
 mercantile investment groups before 1914. The new definition of foreign
 direct investment established in the 1970s embraces corporate investment,
 of a sort common in North America, for which British directors were
 responsible even though they exerted inadequate control, but South
 American experience, relating to a substantially larger body of
 investment, supports the stronger contention that it captures substantial
 pools of entrepreneurial capital, more clearly deserving the name foreign
 direct investment, and therefore provides a category that can be applied
 consistently in discussions of foreign direct investment and the expansion
 of international business over the whole of the period from 1860 to the
 present. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 21-41 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000049 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000049 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:21-41




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Schmitz 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schmitz 
Title: The Nature and Dimensions of Scottish Foreign Investment, 1860-1914 
Abstract:
  It has long been assumed, on the basis of generally impressionistic
 evidence, that Scots were more enthusiastic capital exporters than their
 English counterparts in the half-century before the First World War. This
 article offers the initial results of a research project aimed at
 reassessing Scottish foreign investment in this period. In focusing upon
 an analysis of new data sets relating to Scottish company registrations
 for foreign investment and samples drawn from Scottish probate inventories
 containing foreign assets, this study provides novel insights into the
 social composition of Scots-resident overseas investors (who rose in
 number from around 4,000 in 1867 to 80,000 in 1913); the geographical and
 sectoral breakdown of investment activities; and the survival rate of the
 853 identified firms registered in Scotland for overseas activities in the
 1860-1914 period. It also makes a tentative examination of Scottish
 capital flowing abroad through the London stock market and investment
 undertaken by Scottish-based financial institutions and multinational
 enterprises. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 42-68 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000050 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000050 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:42-68




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Napier 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Napier 
Title: Allies or Subsidiaries? Inter-Company Relations in the P&O Group, 1914-39 
Abstract:
  Alfred Chandler has recently suggested that 'the general failure to
 develop organisational capabilities weakened British industry and with it
 the British economy'. However, his view has been criticised as regards
 British multinational investment, where organisational forms such as
 mercantile groups were significant. This article examines the
 organisational links between companies in the P&O shipping group during a
 period in which it was mainly located within the Inchcape mercantile
 group. Links were loose and often informal, which facilitated devolution
 of decision making. Although the financial crisis faced by the P&O group
 in 1932 may partly have been due to an excessive accumulation of
 information and control in the hands of a single individual, the
 organisational structure proved sufficiently resilient to persist after
 the crisis had been resolved. It is concluded that, in the inter-war years
 just as in the pre-World War I period, personal capitalism and informal
 organisational structures benefited from networks of trust and thus cannot
 be rejected as weak. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 69-93 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000051 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000051 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:69-93




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Darby 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Darby 
Title: The Environmental Crisis in Japan and the Origins of Japanese Manufacturing in Europe 
Abstract:
  Japanese manufacturing in the developed regions of Europe and North
 America has been strongly associated with the more competitive sectors of
 Japan's high growth economy, such as consumer electronics, semi-conductors
 and transport equipment. During the earliest years of Japanese productive
 investment in Europe, however, a significant number of projects from
 Japan's less competitive chemicals sector were being established. These
 projects, together with those from other chemicals-related sectors of
 Japan's domestic industry, will be shown to have emerged in response to
 the widespread concern over environmental and pollution issues which
 dominated public affairs in Japan during the decade after 1965. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 94-114 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000052 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000052 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:94-114




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: R. G. Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: R. G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 115-116 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000053 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000053 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:115-116




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Thoms 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thoms 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 116-117 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000054 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000054 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:116-117




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Scranton 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scranton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 117-118 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000055 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000055 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:117-118




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Johnson 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 118-119 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000056 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000056 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:118-119




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. D. Chapman 
Author-X-Name-First: S. D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chapman 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 119-120 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000057 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000057 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:119-120




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. J. Mason 
Author-X-Name-First: J. J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mason 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 120-121 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000058 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000058 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:120-121




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen Caunce 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Caunce 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 121-122 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000059 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000059 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:121-122




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alan Booth 
Author-X-Name-First: Alan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Booth 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 122-123 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000060 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000060 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:122-123




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anthony Howe 
Author-X-Name-First: Anthony 
Author-X-Name-Last: Howe 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 123-123 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000061 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000061 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:123-123




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: R. C. Michie 
Author-X-Name-First: R. C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Michie 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 124-125 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000062 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000062 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:124-125




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: B. W. E. Alford 
Author-X-Name-First: B. W. E. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alford 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 125-125 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000063 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000063 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:125-125




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Ville 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ville 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 125-126 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000064 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000064 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:125-126




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maurice Kirby 
Author-X-Name-First: Maurice 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kirby 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 126-127 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000065 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000065 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:126-127




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jorgen Fink 
Author-X-Name-First: Jorgen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fink 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 127-128 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000066 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000066 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:127-128




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katrina Honeyman 
Author-X-Name-First: Katrina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Honeyman 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 128-129 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000067 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000067 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:128-129




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Per Hansen 
Author-X-Name-First: Per 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 129-130 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000068 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000068 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:129-130




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ludovic Cailluet 
Author-X-Name-First: Ludovic 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cailluet 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 130-131 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000069 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000069 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:130-131




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: P. Verley 
Author-X-Name-First: P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Verley 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 132-133 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000070 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000070 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:132-133




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Harald Wixworth 
Author-X-Name-First: Harald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wixworth 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 133-134 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000071 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000071 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:133-134




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hans Sjogren 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sjogren 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 134-135 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000072 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000072 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:134-134




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Erik Nijhof 
Author-X-Name-First: Erik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nijhof 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 134-135 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000073 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000073 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:135-135




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Wrigley 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wrigley 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 134-135 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000074 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000074 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:134-135




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Chick 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chick 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 138-138 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000075 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000075 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:138-138




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Frances Lynch 
Author-X-Name-First: Frances 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lynch 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 138-139 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000076 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000076 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:138-139




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Keetie Sluyterman 
Author-X-Name-First: Keetie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sluyterman 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 139-141 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000077 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000077 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:139-141




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Forrest Capie 
Author-X-Name-First: Forrest 
Author-X-Name-Last: Capie 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 141-142 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000078 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000078 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:141-142




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Gatrell 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gatrell 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 142-142 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000079 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000079 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:142-142




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 143-144 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000080 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000080 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:143-144




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tom Donnelly 
Author-X-Name-First: Tom 
Author-X-Name-Last: Donnelly 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 144-145 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000081 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000081 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:144-145




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Trevor Boyns 
Author-X-Name-First: Trevor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boyns 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 145-146 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000082 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000082 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:145-146




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Campbell-Kelly 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Campbell-Kelly 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 146-147 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000083 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000083 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:146-147




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Colin Lewis 
Author-X-Name-First: Colin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lewis 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 147-148 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000084 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000084 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:147-148




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Read 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Read 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 148-149 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000085 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000085 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:148-149




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Etsuo Abe 
Author-X-Name-First: Etsuo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Abe 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 149-150 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000086 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000086 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:149-150




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Malcolm Falkus 
Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm 
Author-X-Name-Last: Falkus 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 151-152 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000087 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000087 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:151-152




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: V. N. Balasubramnyam 
Author-X-Name-First: V. N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Balasubramnyam 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 152-153 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000088 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000088 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:152-153




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: W. R. Garside 
Author-X-Name-First: W. R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Garside 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 153-154 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000089 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000089 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:153-154




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger Middleton 
Author-X-Name-First: Roger 
Author-X-Name-Last: Middleton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 154-155 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000090 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000090 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:154-155




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Coopey 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Coopey 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 156-156 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000091 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000091 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:156-156




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tony Adams 
Author-X-Name-First: Tony 
Author-X-Name-Last: Adams 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 157-157 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000092 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000092 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:157-157




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Judith Wale 
Author-X-Name-First: Judith 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wale 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 158-159 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000093 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000093 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:158-159




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sally Horrocks 
Author-X-Name-First: Sally 
Author-X-Name-Last: Horrocks 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 159-160 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000094 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000094 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:159-160




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sidney Pollard 
Author-X-Name-First: Sidney 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pollard 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 160-161 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000095 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000095 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:160-161




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hanne Birgitte Andersen 
Author-X-Name-First: Hanne Birgitte 
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersen 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 161-163 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000096 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000096 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:2:p:161-163




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Trevor Boyns 
Author-X-Name-First: Trevor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boyns 
Author-Name: John Richard Edwards 
Author-X-Name-First: John Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards 
Title: The Construction of Cost Accounting Systems in Britain to 1900: The Case of the Coal, Iron and Steel Industries 
Abstract:
  Research into the development of costing systems during the last 20 or so
 years has begun to challenge the previously widely held view that little
 by way of progress was made before the end of the nineteenth century. Much
 of this later research, however, did not include consideration of
 developments between c.1830 and 1900. The paper does two things: it
 attempts to fill this gap by presenting the results of our recent archival
 research into costing systems used by British companies in the coal, iron
 and steel industries and, in the light of this and other work, suggests
 that a new conventional wisdom as to the development of accounting systems
 in British industry in the nineteenth century needs to be adopted by
 historians. In particular, we find that the widely held view that cost and
 financial accounting had separate roots is not supported by the evidence,
 which instead shows that British managers in the industries examined
 developed a system of integrated accounting to help them manage business
 that were becoming increasingly larger and more complex. Furthermore,
 despite the lack of any significant discussion of the problems faced by
 businessmen within the accounting literature until the end of the
 nineteenth century, there was a significant degree of diffusion in key
 areas of accounting practice. Such areas included the preparation of costs
 sheets to establish departmental costs of production, the apportionment of
 overheads to identify total cost, and the use of transfer prices to track
 the movement of goods between departments. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-29 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000097 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000097 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:1-29




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Howard Cox 
Author-X-Name-First: Howard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cox 
Title: Learning to do Business in China: The Evolution of BAT's Cigarette Distribution Network, 1902-41 
Abstract:
  This article traces the development of BAT's cigarette distribution
 network in China. It demonstrates that BAT utilised the connections that
 expatriate managing agencies had developed with Chinese merchants in the
 treaty port economy of Shangai during the late nineteenth century, and
 shows how these linkages were subsequently developed into a distribution
 network to serve the whole of China. The keys to the success of BAT's
 selling organisation in China lay in two main areas of competence: first,
 the company's ability to develop accounting and credit control systems
 that both monitored its cigarettes and minimised the risk of bad debts;
 and, secondly, in its ability to foster competition within its own sales
 teams by creating parallel distribution mechanisms throughout much of
 China, in particular through the creation of a joint venture with the
 Chinese-run Wing Tai Vo Corporation. By the 1930s BAT's products were
 widely available in China, despite the upheavals that acted to undermine
 the development of a national market there. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 30-64 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000098 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000098 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:30-64




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Hillman 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hillman 
Title: The Impact of the International Tin Restriction Schemes on the Return to Equity of Tin Mining Companies, 1927-39 
Abstract:
  This article reviews some of the debates that emerged around the
 cartelisation of the tin industry during the 1930s, by analysing the rates
 of return realised by shareholders in tin mining companies. The claim that
 the tin cartel used its market power to raise prices excessively is
 questioned by comparing the rate for tin equities with other forms of
 investment. Comparisons within the industry show that the companies
 associated with Anglo-Oriental, the group that was responsible for the
 formation of the cartel, were not especially dependent on the cartel for
 their survival. As a result, the cartel is considered to be a solution to
 a problem of collective action on the part of all tin companies. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 65-80 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000099 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000099 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:65-80




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dirk De Wit 
Author-X-Name-First: Dirk 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Wit 
Title: The Construction of the Dutch Computer Industry: The Organisational Shaping of Technology 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 81-104 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000100 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000100 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:81-104




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sam McKinstry 
Author-X-Name-First: Sam 
Author-X-Name-Last: McKinstry 
Title: The Rise and Progress of John Brown Engineering, 1966-97: US Technology, Scottish Expertise and English Capital 
Abstract:
  This article undertakes an interdisciplinary examination of the 30-year
 history of John Brown Engineering Ltd, which was formed out of the engine
 works of John Brown's shipyard at Clydebank. It seeks to identify the
 reasons for its creation and survival. The principal factors identified
 relate to its membership of an English-based group of companies and the
 way in which it was managed by the group, together with its almost
 complete dependency on commercial/technological agreements with General
 Electric of the United States. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 105-134 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000101 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000101 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:105-134




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kenneth Brown 
Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 135-136 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000102 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000102 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:135-136




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Duncan Ross 
Author-X-Name-First: Duncan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ross 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 136-137 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000103 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000103 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:136-137




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stana Nenadic 
Author-X-Name-First: Stana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nenadic 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 137-138 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000104 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000104 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:137-138




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: H. G. Roseveare 
Author-X-Name-First: H. G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Roseveare 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 138-139 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000105 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000105 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:138-139




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Turner 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Turner 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 139-141 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000106 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000106 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:139-141




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Clive Lee 
Author-X-Name-First: Clive 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 141-142 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000107 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000107 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:141-142




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. R. Mace 
Author-X-Name-First: J. R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mace 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 142-142 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000108 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000108 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:142-142




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: B. W. E. Alford 
Author-X-Name-First: B. W. E. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alford 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 142-143 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000109 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000109 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:142-143




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Benson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Benson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 143-144 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000110 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000110 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:143-144




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Collins 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Collins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 144-145 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000111 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000111 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:144-145




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Derek Aldcroft 
Author-X-Name-First: Derek 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aldcroft 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 146-146 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000112 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000112 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:146-146




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Annelies Vermaas 
Author-X-Name-First: Annelies 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vermaas 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 146-147 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000113 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000113 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:146-147




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robin Pearson 
Author-X-Name-First: Robin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 147-149 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000114 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000114 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:147-149




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: R. C. Michie 
Author-X-Name-First: R. C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Michie 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 149-150 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000115 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000115 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:149-150




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Augustus Veenendaal 
Author-X-Name-First: Augustus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Veenendaal 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 150-151 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000116 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000116 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:150-151




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sidney Pollard 
Author-X-Name-First: Sidney 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pollard 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 151-152 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000117 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000117 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:151-152




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Chick 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chick 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 152-153 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000118 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000118 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:152-153




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Bibikov 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bibikov 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 153-154 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000119 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000119 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:153-154




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eric Bloeman 
Author-X-Name-First: Eric 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bloeman 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 155-156 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000120 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000120 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:155-156




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Antje Hagen 
Author-X-Name-First: Antje 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hagen 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 156-157 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000121 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000121 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:156-157




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Tweedale 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tweedale 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 157-158 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000122 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000122 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:157-158




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Hawkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hawkins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 158-159 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000123 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000123 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:158-159




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Margaret Walsh 
Author-X-Name-First: Margaret 
Author-X-Name-Last: Walsh 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 159-160 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000124 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000124 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:159-160




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Huberman 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Huberman 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 161-161 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000125 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000125 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:161-161




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robin Pearson 
Author-X-Name-First: Robin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 162-163 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000126 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000126 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:162-163




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Tweedale 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tweedale 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 163-164 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000127 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000127 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:163-164




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Margaret Levenstein 
Author-X-Name-First: Margaret 
Author-X-Name-Last: Levenstein 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 164-165 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000128 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000128 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:164-165




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Forrest Capie 
Author-X-Name-First: Forrest 
Author-X-Name-Last: Capie 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 165-166 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000129 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000129 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:165-166




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Seiichiro Yonekura 
Author-X-Name-First: Seiichiro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yonekura 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 166-168 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000130 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000130 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:166-168




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mira Wilkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Mira 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilkins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 168-169 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000131 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000131 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:168-169




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Malcolm Falkus 
Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm 
Author-X-Name-Last: Falkus 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 169-171 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000132 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000132 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:169-171




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Charles Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Charles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 171-172 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000133 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000133 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:171-172




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: W. A. Thomas 
Author-X-Name-First: W. A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thomas 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 172-172 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000134 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000134 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:172-172




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthias Kipping 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthias 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kipping 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 173-174 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000135 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000135 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:173-174




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Judith Wale 
Author-X-Name-First: Judith 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wale 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 174-175 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000136 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000136 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:174-175




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Wood 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wood 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 175-176 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000137 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000137 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:175-176




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. R. Edwards 
Author-X-Name-First: J. R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 176-178 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000138 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000138 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:176-178




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Wrigley 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wrigley 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 178-179 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000139 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000139 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:178-179




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Locke 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Locke 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 179-180 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000140 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000140 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:179-180




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Scranton 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scranton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 180-181 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000141 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000141 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:3:p:180-181




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Casson 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Casson 
Author-Name: Mary Rose 
Author-X-Name-First: Mary 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rose 
Title: Institutions and the Evolution of Modern Business: Introduction 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-8 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000142 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000142 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:1-8




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. R. H. Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: S. R. H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Title: Transaction Costs and the Theory of the Firm: The Scope and Limitations of the New Institutional Approach 
Abstract:
  The new institutional approach to the theory of the firm represents a
 welcome advance over neoclassical theory in that, instead of treating the
 firm merely as a device to explain equilibrium under different market
 structures, it delves into the workings of the firm in an effort to
 understand why enterprises undertake the activities they do and how they
 grow over time. The theoretical framework for much of the new approach was
 developed by Oliver Williamson, who argued that firms evolved not because
 of technological non-separabilities but to economise on transaction costs.
 The object of this essay is to demonstrate that Williamson's comparative
 static methodology is ill-suited to explaining how firms actually evolve.
 It argues that far greater insights are provided by capability- or
 resource-based theories of the firm, which combine the concepts of
 transaction costs and firm-specific advantage in order to show that the
 boundaries of the firm are in fact determined by the non-separability and
 tacit nature of knowledge that lies at the heart of every enterprise. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 9-25 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000143 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000143 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:9-25




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. A. Caunce 
Author-X-Name-First: S. A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Caunce 
Title: Complexity, Community Structure and Competitive Advantage within the Yorkshire Woollen Industry, c.1700-1850 
Abstract:
  The Yorkshire wool textile area was a classic dynamic industrial district
 between 1700 and 1850. It played a full part in the development of the new
 technology associated with the industrial revolution, but this was only
 one element in the wresting of competitive advantage from the traditional
 leaders of the industry in England. The woollen sector in particular
 showed strong continuity with the past in its business structures and
 institutional framework, and this helped to get communities to push for
 change rather than fighting it. Moreover, West Yorkshire had an extremely
 complex economy which, in conjunction with an open and varied social
 structure, created the ideal landscape for evolutionary processes to work
 themselves out. It is also argued that this complexity allowed the links
 between clothiers and merchants to act as information processing systems
 analogous to neural networks, and that they were capable of generating
 apparently intelligent strategic action at the system level without
 requiring central control or deliberate co-ordination. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 26-43 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000144 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000144 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:26-43




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Oliver Westall 
Author-X-Name-First: Oliver 
Author-X-Name-Last: Westall 
Title: Invisible, Visible and 'Direct' Hands: An Institutional Interpretation of Organisational Structure and Change in British General Insurance 
Abstract:
  This essay uses ideas drawn from institutional and evolutionary economics
 to explore three different approaches to the organisation of insurance
 operations in Britain since the eighteenth century: the market-based
 approach used by Lloyd's; the hierarchical approach developed by insurance
 companies from the nineteenth century; and the 'direct' approach
 introduced in the last few years. It argues that these ideas open up the
 'black box' of internal operation to economic analysis and relate these to
 broader strategic change in the business, thus providing a better
 understanding of its long-term developments by showing how technological
 innovations have resolved previously intractable difficulties that have
 channelled the direction of organisational change. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 44-66 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000145 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000145 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:44-66




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthias Kipping 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthias 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kipping 
Title: Consultancies, Institutions and the Diffusion of Taylorism in Britain, Germany and France, 1920s to 1950s 
Abstract:
  This essay compares and analyses the evolution of Taylorist consultancies
 in the three major European economies. It shows that institutions
 established by the business community, often with government support, can
 provide an alternative channel for the dissemination of new management
 methods. Unlike private consultancies, they immediately benefit from a
 high level of trust, facilitate inter-firm comparisons, and ensure a
 relatively uniform application of these methods. This was the case in
 Germany where institutions such as the REFA and RKW trained a large number
 of work study engineers and collected benchmark data. In Britain on the
 other hand, the diffusion of scientific management relied much more on
 consultancies. Institutions served at best as intermediaries for the
 establishment of a trust-based relationship and provided some sort of
 quality control. In France, institutions had ambitions similar to the
 German 'model'. But they were weakened by splits and competition among
 themselves and thus left sufficient room for the development of
 consultancy activities. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 67-83 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000146 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000146 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:67-83




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hans Sjogren 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sjogren 
Title: Financial Reconstruction and Industrial Reorganisation in Different Financial Systems: A Comparative View of British and Swedish Institutions during the Inter-War Period 
Abstract:
  This essay provides a comparative perspective on the process of financial
 reconstruction and industrial reorganisation in the large-firm sector in
 inter-war Sweden and the UK. The behaviour of private banks is analysed
 during a period when their bargaining power is likely to have been
 transferred from the distressed firm to any of the external investors. In
 the UK and Sweden investors have traditionally been viewed as having
 respectively an arm's length approach towards industry and a
 control-oriented one. The hypothesis here is that the two financial
 systems were more similar than has conventionally been assumed. Besides
 protecting their claims, creditors in both countries became involved in
 the rationalisation of production which followed. This empirical study is
 limited to 24 large firms. However, the evidence suggests that whilst the
 Swedish system contained elements of the arm's length approach, the
 British investor's involvement in industrial transformation featured
 elements of control-orientation. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 84-105 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000147 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000147 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:84-105




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sverre Knutsen 
Author-X-Name-First: Sverre 
Author-X-Name-Last: Knutsen 
Title: Post-War Strategic Capitalism in Norway: A Theoretical and Analytical Framework 
Abstract:
  This essay provides an institutional approach to the analysis of the
 Norwegian state's effort to promote industrial development between 1950
 and 1980. It explores the extent to which national financial systems
 influence the ability of governments to intervene in industrial policy. It
 also explores the extent to which both the governance structures and
 investment strategies of Norwegian firms have been influenced by
 government policy. It demonstrates that the financial system is indeed a
 critical factor in the effective implementation of industrial policy in
 the period in question. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 106-127 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000148 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000148 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:106-127




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mary Rose 
Author-X-Name-First: Mary 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rose 
Title: The Politics of Protection: An Institutional Approach to Government-Industry Relations in the British and United States Cotton Industries, 1945-73 
Abstract:
  Internationally, the establishment of the GATT marked the beginning of a
 shift to greater trade liberalism. Against this background the governments
 of developed economies have generally treated textiles as a special case.
 This essay focuses on the differing level of political bargaining power
 exerted by the cotton industry interest groups in Britain and the United
 States, in their quest for protection, since 1945. It demonstrates that,
 to understand why pressure groups in the United States gained more
 concessions than those in Britain, it is necessary to consider the
 differing institutional and political environments in which they operated
 and the historical forces which shaped them. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 128-150 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000149 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000149 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:128-150




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Casson 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Casson 
Title: Institutional Economics and Business History: A Way Forward? 
Abstract:
  Analytical business history requires a synthesis of theories of
 transaction cost, entrepreneurship and firm-specific competence. These
 theories can be integrated using the concept of information cost.
 Economies of information cost explain the emergence of market-making
 intermediation in capitalist economies. Economists have been so
 preoccupied with production that they have ignored the role of
 market-making intermediation, despite the fact that market-making
 intermediation has a crucial impact on the strategy and organisation of
 the firm. This essay charts the historical emergence of market-making
 intermediation, and analyses its effects using a diagrammatic technique
 specially developed for this purpose. It is suggested that the concept of
 information cost, and the techniques of analysis allied with it, offer a
 useful way forward for business historians. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 151-171 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000150 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000150 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:151-171




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: R. G. Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: R. G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 176-176 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000151 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000151 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:176-176




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Judy Slinn 
Author-X-Name-First: Judy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Slinn 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 176-177 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000152 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000152 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:176-177




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: R. E. Tyson 
Author-X-Name-First: R. E. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tyson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 177-178 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000153 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000153 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:177-178




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: George Peden 
Author-X-Name-First: George 
Author-X-Name-Last: Peden 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 178-179 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000154 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000154 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:178-179




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katrina Honeyman 
Author-X-Name-First: Katrina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Honeyman 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 180-180 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000155 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000155 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:180-180




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 181-181 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000156 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000156 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:181-181




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Frances Lynch 
Author-X-Name-First: Frances 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lynch 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 182-182 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000157 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000157 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:182-182




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Keetie Sluyterman 
Author-X-Name-First: Keetie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sluyterman 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 182-183 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000158 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000158 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:182-183




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rolv Petter Amdam 
Author-X-Name-First: Rolv Petter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Amdam 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 183-184 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000159 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000159 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:183-184




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ann Carlos 
Author-X-Name-First: Ann 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carlos 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 184-185 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000160 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000160 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:184-185




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marguerite Dupree 
Author-X-Name-First: Marguerite 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dupree 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 185-187 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000161 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000161 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:185-187




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael French 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: French 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 187-188 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000162 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000162 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:187-188




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. R. Killick 
Author-X-Name-First: J. R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Killick 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 188-189 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000163 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000163 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:188-189




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Hawkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hawkins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 189-190 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000164 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000164 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:189-190




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thomas McCraw 
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas 
Author-X-Name-Last: McCraw 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 190-191 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000165 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000165 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:190-191




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Ville 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ville 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 191-192 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000166 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000166 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:191-192




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christina Cregan 
Author-X-Name-First: Christina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cregan 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 193-194 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000167 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000167 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:193-194




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patricia Collins 
Author-X-Name-First: Patricia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Collins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 194-195 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000168 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000168 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:194-195




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 195-196 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000169 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000169 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:195-196




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoff Timmins 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoff 
Author-X-Name-Last: Timmins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 197-197 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000170 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000170 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:197-197




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jim Tomlinson 
Author-X-Name-First: Jim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tomlinson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 198-199 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000171 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000171 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:198-199




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christine Shaw 
Author-X-Name-First: Christine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shaw 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 199-200 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000172 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000172 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:199-200




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joanne Yates 
Author-X-Name-First: Joanne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yates 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 200-201 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000173 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000173 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:200-201




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen Broadberry 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Broadberry 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 201-203 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 39 
Year: 1997 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799700000174 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799700000174 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:39:y:1997:i:4:p:201-203




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steven Toms 
Author-X-Name-First: Steven 
Author-X-Name-Last: Toms 
Title: Windows of Opportunity in the Textile Industry: The Business Strategies of Lancashire Entrepreneurs, 1880-1914 
Abstract:
  Using accounting records and financial data for a sample of cotton
 companies, their individual and collective business histories between 1870
 and 1914 are presented. The process of capital accumulation is advanced as
 a crucial ingredient of the history of Lancashire textiles. A rising class
 of promotional capitalists and individualistic entrepreneurs is
 identified. Their reluctance to establish professional management
 hierarchies depended on preferences for individual, instead of corporate,
 accumulation. Instead of investing in formal monitoring systems, they
 preferred instead to rely on loose federal structures and informal
 contacts with intermediaries in other markets. Investment strategies and
 profitability were determined by these relationships, together with the
 impact of the trade cycle, but above all were influenced by the character
 of capital ownership and accumulation. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-25 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000118 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000118 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:1-25




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Choi Chi-Cheung 
Author-X-Name-First: Choi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chi-Cheung 
Title: Kinship and Business: Paternal and Maternal Kin in Chaozhou Chinese Family Firms 
Abstract:
  It has often been remarked that Chinese businesses depend on networking
 for their success, especially networking based on family and lineage. This
 article examines the fortunes of two family businesses from the same area
 of south-eastern China, and attempts to explain why one succeeded and the
 other failed. It argues that it is insufficient to rely on the vague
 notion that networking was somehow effective; the reliance on patrilineage
 in one case and on maternal kin in the other had very different
 consequences. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 26-49 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000119 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000119 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:26-49




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Susanne Hilger 
Author-X-Name-First: Susanne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hilger 
Title: Welfare Policy in German Big Business after the First World War: Vereinigte Stahlwerke AG, 1926-33 
Abstract:
  According to A.D. Chandler, Jr, the rise of organisational capabilities
 in German enterprises was decisive for the international economic success
 of the German Reich before 1914. This article deals with the changes in
 the organisational structures of enterprises through concentration and
 diversification and their consequences for welfare policy in German
 industry. The central question is to what extent the changing
 organisational structures affected the quality and quantity of welfare
 provided by companies. The interactions between welfare policy and
 organisation can be illustrated by the Vereinigte Stahlwerke AG (VSt), the
 world's second largest iron and steel combine, next to US Steel, in the
 first half of the twentieth century. After a survey of the traditions of
 business welfare in Germany since the early nineteenth century, important
 aspects of industrial welfare policy, such as health insurance, company
 stores and housing, are analysed in the context of the VSt's
 organisational development between 1926 and 1933. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 50-76 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000120 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000120 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:50-76




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen Rosevear 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rosevear 
Title: Balancing Business and the Regions: British Distribution of Industry Policy and the Board of Trade, 1945-51 
Abstract:
  Britain was the first west European nation to adopt a nominally coercive
 regional policy. The article focuses on the wartime planning and post-war
 administration of this policy. It argues that the extent and radicalism of
 British distribution of industry measures from 1945 to 1951 has been
 exaggerated. The article outlines (i) how the Board of Trade came to
 dominate regional policy making, (ii) the implementation of policy based
 on case studies from the motor industry, (iii) the internal capabilities
 of the ministries for policy making, and (iv) a comparison between the
 1945-47 and 1948-51 periods, rejecting 'policy on' versus 'policy off'
 comparisons. The article suggests that the government lacked the necessary
 economic intelligence and political drive to challenge industrialists
 successfully, and that, as a result, Labour struggled to impose its will
 on businesses. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 77-99 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000121 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000121 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:77-99




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Title: International Business Strategies at Ferranti, 1907-75: Direction, Management and Performance 
Abstract:
  After experiencing a major liquidity crisis in 1903, Ferranti embarked on
 an ambitious marketing strategy which not only resulted in the
 establishment of an extensive agency network, but also laid the
 foundations for the creation of a multinational operation, especially in
 Canada. By examining the fortunes of this Canadian subsidiary, and placing
 it in the context of general British multinational development, it is
 possible to challenge the theoretical work of international business
 specialists like Dunning, Buckley and Casson. In particular, while it is
 clear that Dunning's 'eclectic paradigm' can help to explain why Ferranti
 embarked on this strategy, a range of other influences was clearly
 apparent, including family predilections and local managerial and
 governmental pressures. This brings into question the general
 applicability of theoretical frameworks when explaining British
 multinational expansion, focusing interest on the need for more effective
 empirical research. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 100-121 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000122 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000122 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:100-121




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katrina Honeyman 
Author-X-Name-First: Katrina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Honeyman 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 122-123 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000123 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000123 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:122-123




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joan Thirsk 
Author-X-Name-First: Joan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thirsk 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 123-124 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000124 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000124 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:123-124




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Richardson 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Richardson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 124-125 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000125 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000125 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:124-125




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Smyth 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smyth 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 125-125 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000126 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000126 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:125-125




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew Hilton 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hilton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 126-127 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000127 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000127 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:126-127




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Jeremy 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jeremy 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 127-128 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000128 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000128 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:127-128




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Armstrong 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Armstrong 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 128-129 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000129 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000129 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:128-129




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ludovic Cailluet 
Author-X-Name-First: Ludovic 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cailluet 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 129-130 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000130 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000130 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:129-130




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Chick 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chick 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 130-132 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000131 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000131 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:130-132




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hans-Jurgen Teuteberg 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans-Jurgen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Teuteberg 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 132-133 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000132 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000132 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:132-133




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Raymond Stokes 
Author-X-Name-First: Raymond 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stokes 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 133-134 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000133 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000133 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:133-134




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robin Pearson 
Author-X-Name-First: Robin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 134-135 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000134 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000134 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:134-135




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ritta Hjerppe 
Author-X-Name-First: Ritta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hjerppe 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 136-136 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000135 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000135 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:136-136




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kersti Ullenhag 
Author-X-Name-First: Kersti 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ullenhag 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 137-138 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000136 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000136 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:137-138




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Lewis 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lewis 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 138-139 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000137 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000137 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:138-139




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Bibikov 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bibikov 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 139-140 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000138 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000138 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:139-140




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Clive Lee 
Author-X-Name-First: Clive 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 141-142 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000139 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000139 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:141-142




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Richardson 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Richardson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 142-143 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000140 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000140 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:142-143




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Edwin Perkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Edwin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Perkins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 143-144 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000141 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000141 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:143-144




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Augustus Veenendaal 
Author-X-Name-First: Augustus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Veenendaal 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 144-145 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000142 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000142 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:144-145




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ben Gales 
Author-X-Name-First: Ben 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gales 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 145-146 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000143 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000143 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:145-146




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mansel Blackford 
Author-X-Name-First: Mansel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Blackford 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 147-147 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000144 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000144 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:147-147




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Hawkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hawkins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 147-148 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000145 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000145 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:147-148




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Jaffe 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jaffe 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 148-149 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000146 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000146 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:148-149




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nico Vink 
Author-X-Name-First: Nico 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vink 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 149-151 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000147 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000147 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:149-151




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Katzenellenbogen 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Katzenellenbogen 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 151-152 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000148 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000148 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:151-152




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mary Rose 
Author-X-Name-First: Mary 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rose 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 152-154 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000149 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000149 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:152-154




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 154-154 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000150 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000150 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:154-154




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Etsuo Abe 
Author-X-Name-First: Etsuo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Abe 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 154-155 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000151 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000151 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:154-155




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Charles Booth 
Author-X-Name-First: Charles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Booth 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 156-157 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000152 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000152 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:156-157




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: T. A. B. Corley 
Author-X-Name-First: T. A. B. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Corley 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 157-158 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000153 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000153 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:157-158




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mira Wilkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Mira 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilkins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 159-160 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000154 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000154 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:159-159




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mira Wilkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Mira 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilkins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 159-160 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000155 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000155 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:160-160




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: B. W. E. Alford 
Author-X-Name-First: B. W. E. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alford 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 160-161 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000156 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000156 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:160-161




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Scranton 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scranton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 161-162 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000157 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000157 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:161-162




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Campbell-Kelly 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Campbell-Kelly 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 162-163 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000158 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000158 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:162-163




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Coopey 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Coopey 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 163-165 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000159 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000159 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:163-165




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Robertson 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Robertson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 165-166 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000160 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000160 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:165-166




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 166-167 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000161 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000161 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:166-167




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger Middleton 
Author-X-Name-First: Roger 
Author-X-Name-Last: Middleton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 167-168 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000162 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000162 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:167-168




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fred Carstensen 
Author-X-Name-First: Fred 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carstensen 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 168-169 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000163 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000163 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:168-169




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hans Sjogren 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sjogren 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 169-170 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000164 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000164 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:169-170




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. R. H. Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: S. R. H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 170-171 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000165 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000165 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:1:p:170-171




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Keetie Sluyterman 
Author-X-Name-First: Keetie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sluyterman 
Title: Internationalisation of Dutch Accounting Firms 
Abstract:
  This article examines the choice of organisational form in Dutch
 accounting firms, with special focus on the Ernst & Young history of
 Moret. By the 1980s the dominating form for internationally operating
 accounting firms had become the federation, but this stage was reached
 after a long process of trial and error. Determining factors in the
 ultimate choice for the federative structure were, on the one hand, the
 globalisation of the economy that necessitated the service providers
 following their clients across borders, and, on the other hand, the
 stronghold of local auditors on their local market, the need for
 professional independence and concern about US domination in Europe.
 Despite the importance of technology transfer, common ownership is not the
 rule, but the present integration in technology, standards and products,
 and the sharing of increasing numbers of clients, may make the ownership
 issue irrelevant in practical terms. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-21 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000166 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000166 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:1-21




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael French 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: French 
Title: Public Policy and British Commercial Vehicles during the Export Drive Era, 1945-50 
Abstract:
  The relationships between business and public policy are examined in
 terms of the commercial vehicle industry during the post-war British
 export drive. The issues of planning and control are considered from the
 perspective of the varying priorities of government departments. The
 immediate and longer term effects of policy on sales, marketing
 arrangements and production strategies are examined at the level of the
 firm and industry associations. Commercial vehicles provide a counterpoint
 to studies of the motor car sector and an indication of elements of
 continuity in business strategies. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 22-44 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000167 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000167 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:22-44




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlo Morelli 
Author-X-Name-First: Carlo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morelli 
Title: Constructing a Balance between Price and Non-Price Competition in British Multiple Food Retailing 1954-64 
Abstract:
  The objective of this article is to examine the transition from atomistic
 to oligopolistic competition within the British grocery food retailing
 market. The focus of the article is the period from the end of post-war
 rationing in 1954 to the passing of the Trading Stamps Act in 1964. It was
 during this decade that multiple retailers fundamentally altered the
 nature of competition within the industry. This article maintains that it
 was this decade that also defined the future pattern of development of
 firms within the grocery retailing market. However, as the article makes
 clear, multiple retailers were neither united in their approach, nor
 entirely voluntary participants in this transformation. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 45-61 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000168 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000168 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:45-61




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jim Tomlinson 
Author-X-Name-First: Jim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tomlinson 
Author-Name: Nick Tiratsoo 
Author-X-Name-First: Nick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tiratsoo 
Title: 'An Old Story, Freshly Told'? A Comment on Broadberry and Crafts' Approach to Britain's Early Post-War Economic Performance 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 62-72 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000169 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000169 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:62-72




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. N. Broadberry 
Author-X-Name-First: S. N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Broadberry 
Author-Name: N. F. R. Crafts 
Author-X-Name-First: N. F. R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Crafts 
Title: The Post-War Settlement: Not Such a Good Bargain After All 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 73-79 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000170 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000170 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:73-79




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francesca Carnevali 
Author-X-Name-First: Francesca 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carnevali 
Title: A Review of Italian Business History from 1991 to 1997 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 80-94 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000171 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000171 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:80-94




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Trevor Boyns 
Author-X-Name-First: Trevor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boyns 
Title: British Business History: A Review of the Periodical Literature for 1996 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 95-114 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000172 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000172 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:95-114




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. J. Lewis 
Author-X-Name-First: M. J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lewis 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 115-116 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000173 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000173 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:115-116




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Brown 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 116-117 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000174 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000174 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:116-117




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Johnson 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 117-118 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000175 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000175 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:117-118




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christine Shaw 
Author-X-Name-First: Christine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shaw 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 118-119 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000176 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000176 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:118-119




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kenneth Morgan 
Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morgan 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 120-120 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000177 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000177 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:120-120




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. D. Chapman 
Author-X-Name-First: S. D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chapman 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 121-122 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000178 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000178 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:121-122




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jim Tomlinson 
Author-X-Name-First: Jim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tomlinson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 122-123 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000179 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000179 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:122-123




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kenneth Brown 
Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 123-124 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000180 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000180 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:123-124




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katrina Honeyman 
Author-X-Name-First: Katrina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Honeyman 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 124-125 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000181 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000181 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:124-125




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ruggero Ranieri 
Author-X-Name-First: Ruggero 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ranieri 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 125-126 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000182 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000182 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:125-126




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Augustus Veenendaal 
Author-X-Name-First: Augustus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Veenendaal 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 126-126 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000183 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000183 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:126-126




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Max-Stephan Schulze 
Author-X-Name-First: Max-Stephan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schulze 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 127-128 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000184 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000184 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:127-128




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robin Pearson 
Author-X-Name-First: Robin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 128-129 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000185 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000185 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:128-129




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Erker 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Erker 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 129-130 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000186 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000186 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:129-130




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hartmut Berghoff 
Author-X-Name-First: Hartmut 
Author-X-Name-Last: Berghoff 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 131-132 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000187 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000187 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:131-132




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Gatrell 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gatrell 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 132-133 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000188 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000188 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:132-133




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Gatrell 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gatrell 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 133-134 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000189 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000189 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:133-134




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Chick 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chick 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 134-135 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000190 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000190 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:134-135




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Bibikov 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bibikov 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 135-136 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000191 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000191 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:135-136




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kersti Ullenhag 
Author-X-Name-First: Kersti 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ullenhag 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 136-138 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000192 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000192 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:136-138




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ann Carlos 
Author-X-Name-First: Ann 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carlos 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 138-139 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000193 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000193 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:138-139




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Angel Kwolek-Folland 
Author-X-Name-First: Angel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kwolek-Folland 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 139-140 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000194 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000194 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:139-140




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Tweedale 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tweedale 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 140-141 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000195 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000195 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:140-141




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael French 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: French 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 141-142 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000196 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000196 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:141-142




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Douglas McCalla 
Author-X-Name-First: Douglas 
Author-X-Name-Last: McCalla 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 143-144 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000197 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000197 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:143-144




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Margaret Walsh 
Author-X-Name-First: Margaret 
Author-X-Name-Last: Walsh 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 144-144 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000198 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000198 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:144-144




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mansel Blackford 
Author-X-Name-First: Mansel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Blackford 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 145-145 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000199 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000199 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:145-145




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tom Donnelly 
Author-X-Name-First: Tom 
Author-X-Name-Last: Donnelly 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 145-146 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000200 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000200 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:145-146




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gordon Boyce 
Author-X-Name-First: Gordon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boyce 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 146-147 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000201 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000201 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:146-147




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Duncan Ross 
Author-X-Name-First: Duncan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ross 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 147-148 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000202 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000202 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:147-148




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. Yonekura 
Author-X-Name-First: S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yonekura 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 148-150 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000203 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000203 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:148-150




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Malcolm Falkus 
Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm 
Author-X-Name-Last: Falkus 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 150-151 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000204 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000204 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:150-151




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katrina Honeyman 
Author-X-Name-First: Katrina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Honeyman 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 151-152 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000205 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000205 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:151-152




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 152-153 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000206 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000206 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:152-153




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: B. W. E. Alford 
Author-X-Name-First: B. W. E. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alford 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 153-154 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000207 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000207 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:153-154




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Scranton 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scranton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 154-155 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000208 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000208 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:154-155




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robin Pearson 
Author-X-Name-First: Robin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 155-157 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000209 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000209 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:155-157




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger Middleton 
Author-X-Name-First: Roger 
Author-X-Name-Last: Middleton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 157-158 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000210 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000210 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:157-158




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthias Kipping 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthias 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kipping 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 158-159 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000211 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000211 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:158-159




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Robertson 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Robertson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 159-160 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000212 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000212 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:159-160




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hans Sjogren 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sjogren 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 160-161 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000213 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000213 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:160-161




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 162-162 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000214 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000214 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:162-162




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Judith Wale 
Author-X-Name-First: Judith 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wale 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 163-164 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000215 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000215 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:163-164




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Oliver Westall 
Author-X-Name-First: Oliver 
Author-X-Name-Last: Westall 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 164-165 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000216 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000216 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:164-165




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Susan Scott-Green 
Author-X-Name-First: Susan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott-Green 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 165-166 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000217 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000217 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:2:p:165-166




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Clive Behagg 
Author-X-Name-First: Clive 
Author-X-Name-Last: Behagg 
Title: Mass Production Without the Factory: Craft Producers, Guns and Small Firm Innovation, 1790-1815 
Abstract:
  Recent attempts to redefine the role of small firms as dynamic initiators
 of change in production processes run counter to the conventional
 narratives on the growth of the factory. These narratives can be properly
 located within a mid-nineteenth century debate on social and political
 structures, in which the workshop was equated with craft restriction, low
 quality of output and moral laxity on the part of the workforce. The force
 of the contemporary discourse has obscured the capacity to innovate that
 was evident in the small firm in the early stages of industrialisation.
 This can be explored through a case study of the Birmingham gun trade. In
 the 1850s the low level of mechanisation used in the production of the
 Birmingham gun was 'exposed' as being in sharp contrast to the factory
 production of guns with interchangeable parts in the United States. Craft
 control in Birmingham was identified at the time as the significant
 factor, though Habbakuk has subsequently drawn attention to differences in
 the labour supply in the two countries. In fact, low levels of technical
 application in the case of Birmingham are better explained by reference to
 the procurement policies of successive British governments. These debates,
 amongst contemporaries and historians, have served to obscure the very
 flexible way in which custom was 're-negotiated' in the small firms making
 gun components, to achieve dramatic increases in productivity during the
 French Wars. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-15 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000218 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000218 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:1-15




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Priscilla Roberts 
Author-X-Name-First: Priscilla 
Author-X-Name-Last: Roberts 
Title: Willard D. Straight and the Diplomacy of International Finance during the First World War 
Abstract:
  The First World War career of the banker-diplomat Willard D. Straight
 serves as a prism through which to view the contrasting policies of two
 leading New York banks. J.P. Morgan & Company financed the Allies and
 believed fiercely in post-war Anglo-American co-operation. In 1916 the
 vehemently pro-Allied Straight deserted J.P. Morgan to work for the
 National City Bank of New York, whose policies more directly challenged
 British commercial and financial predominance. The ease with which
 Straight moved between these institutions suggests that both banking
 strategies envisaged a substantial expansion of America's international
 economic role at British expense. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 16-47 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000219 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000219 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:16-47




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Schwartz 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schwartz 
Author-Name: Andrew Fish 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fish 
Title: Just-in-Time Inventories in Old Detroit 
Abstract:
  Just-in-time inventories were not an invention of Toyota or of Japanese
 industrialism. Twice in the early history of the American automobile
 industry (before and after World War I), the same system - known then as
 hand-to-mouth inventories - was prevalent in Detroit. The article
 chronicles this double rise and demise, demonstrating that this earlier
 system had the same basic structure and functions as the later Japanese
 system. Most significantly, in the 1920s the hand-to-mouth system was a
 central component of the most innovative era in American automotive
 history, facilitating improved production methodology, rapid product
 innovation, and decreasing consumer prices. Like its Japanese cousin, the
 hand-to-mouth system was a key determinant of the relationships between
 assemblers and suppliers; but, because of the geographical clustering of
 the Big Three in Detroit, the dynamics of these relationships were quite
 different. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 48-71 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000220 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000220 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:48-71




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Derek Matthews 
Author-X-Name-First: Derek 
Author-X-Name-Last: Matthews 
Title: The Business Doctors: Accountants in British Management from the Nineteenth Century to the Present Day 
Abstract:
  British management has the reputation among business historians for being
 amateurish. This neglects to some extent the work of accountants, an
 oversight due perhaps to the image of the accountant as simply a financial
 functionary. In fact, the relatively unique aspects of the British
 accountant's training and work gave him experience in wider and more
 general aspects of business which explains his success in reaching the top
 in British companies. This article analyses the various 'routes' by which
 the accountant's expertise was brought to bear on British corporate
 management, and qualifies significantly the previous views on the subject
 by Chandler, Locke and Coleman. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 72-103 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000221 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000221 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:72-103




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kosmas Tsokhas 
Author-X-Name-First: Kosmas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsokhas 
Title: The Australian Mining Industry Council, 1967-75 
Abstract:
  As the long boom that followed the Second World War ended in inflation,
 unemployment and exchange rate instability, business peak associations
 became more active on a range of policy issues. Industries that had not
 seen value in such forms of political organisation in the past established
 them. Australian mining companies created the Australian Mining Industry
 Council (AMIC) to lobby the government over changes in the exchange rate,
 wages and budgetary policy, foreign investment guidelines and tariffs on
 imports of machinery and raw materials. In this the AMIC was often drawn
 into conflicts with manufacturer organisations that represented industries
 catering for the domestic market, whereas mining companies relied heavily
 on foreign investment and export sales. The AMIC was also very active in
 opposing attempts by government to interfere in the contractual
 negotiations between mining companies and overseas buyers of minerals and
 metals. Apart from economic policy issues, the mining industry faced
 challenges from the environmental movement and indigenous Aboriginal
 claims for land rights that placed barriers in the way of easy access to
 deposits. These challenges required innovative and flexible industry-wide
 approaches to influence government legislation and public opinion. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 104-128 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000222 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000222 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:104-128




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah Palmer 
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Palmer 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 129-130 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000223 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000223 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:129-130




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ann Prior 
Author-X-Name-First: Ann 
Author-X-Name-Last: Prior 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 130-131 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000224 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000224 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:130-131




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Rose 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rose 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 131-132 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000225 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000225 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:131-132




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alan Booth 
Author-X-Name-First: Alan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Booth 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 132-133 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000226 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000226 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:132-133




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Singleton 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Singleton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 133-134 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000227 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000227 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:133-134




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Neil Rollings 
Author-X-Name-First: Neil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rollings 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 134-136 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000228 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000228 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:134-136




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Thoms 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thoms 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 136-136 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000229 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000229 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:136-136




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rolf Walter 
Author-X-Name-First: Rolf 
Author-X-Name-Last: Walter 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 136-137 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000230 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000230 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:136-137




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: R. C. Michie 
Author-X-Name-First: R. C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Michie 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 137-138 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000231 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000231 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:137-138




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eric Nijhof 
Author-X-Name-First: Eric 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nijhof 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 138-140 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000232 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000232 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:138-140




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Forrest Capie 
Author-X-Name-First: Forrest 
Author-X-Name-Last: Capie 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 140-141 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000233 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000233 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:140-141




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Johnson 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 141-142 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000234 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000234 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:141-142




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nico Van Horn 
Author-X-Name-First: Nico 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Horn 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 142-143 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000305 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000305 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:142-143




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Monika Dickhaus 
Author-X-Name-First: Monika 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dickhaus 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 143-144 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000306 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000306 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:143-144




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrea Colli 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colli 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 145-146 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000307 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000307 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:145-146




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philippe Chalmin 
Author-X-Name-First: Philippe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chalmin 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 146-147 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000308 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000308 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:146-147




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrick Verley 
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Verley 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 147-148 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000309 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000309 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:147-148




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sidney Pollard 
Author-X-Name-First: Sidney 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pollard 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 148-149 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000310 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000310 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:148-149




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Ville 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ville 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 149-150 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000311 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000311 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:149-150




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Scranton 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scranton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 150-151 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000312 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000312 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:150-151




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Augustus Veenendaal 
Author-X-Name-First: Augustus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Veenendaal 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 151-152 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000313 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000313 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:151-152




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Margaret Levenstein 
Author-X-Name-First: Margaret 
Author-X-Name-Last: Levenstein 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 153-154 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000314 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000314 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:153-154




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elizabeth Clapp 
Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clapp 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 154-155 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000315 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000315 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:154-155




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Tweedale 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tweedale 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 155-156 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000316 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000316 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:155-156




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Hawkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hawkins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 157-158 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000317 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000317 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:157-158




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kenneth Lipartito 
Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lipartito 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 158-159 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000318 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000318 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:158-159




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Wrigley 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wrigley 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 159-160 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000319 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000319 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:159-160




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Greenhill 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Greenhill 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 160-161 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000320 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000320 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:160-161




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Campbell-Kelly 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Campbell-Kelly 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 161-162 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000321 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000321 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:161-162




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janet Hunter 
Author-X-Name-First: Janet 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hunter 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 162-163 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000322 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000322 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:162-163




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Malcolm Falkus 
Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm 
Author-X-Name-Last: Falkus 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 163-165 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000323 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000323 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:163-165




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Faure 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Faure 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 165-166 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000324 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000324 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:165-166




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Church 
Author-X-Name-First: Roy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Church 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 166-169 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000325 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000325 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:166-169




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 169-170 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000326 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000326 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:169-170




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 170-171 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000327 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000327 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:170-171




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: T. A. B. Corley 
Author-X-Name-First: T. A. B. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Corley 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 171-172 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000328 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000328 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:171-172




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. R. H. Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: S. R. H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 172-174 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000329 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000329 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:172-174




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joseph Melling 
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph 
Author-X-Name-Last: Melling 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 174-175 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000330 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000330 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:174-175




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Mumford 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mumford 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 175-176 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000331 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000331 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:175-176




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tony Adams 
Author-X-Name-First: Tony 
Author-X-Name-Last: Adams 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 176-178 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000332 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000332 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:176-178




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Antje Hagen 
Author-X-Name-First: Antje 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hagen 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 178-179 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000333 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000333 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:178-179




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Benson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Benson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 179-180 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000334 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000334 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:3:p:179-180




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicholas Alexander 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alexander 
Author-Name: Gary Akehurst 
Author-X-Name-First: Gary 
Author-X-Name-Last: Akehurst 
Title: Introduction: The Emergence of Modern Retailing, 1750-1950 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-15 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000335 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000335 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:1-15




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joshua Bamfield 
Author-X-Name-First: Joshua 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bamfield 
Title: Consumer-Owned Community Flour and Bread Societies in the Eighteenth and Early Nineteenth Centuries 
Abstract:
  Between 1759 and 1820, 46 or more community flour and bread societies
 were established in England and Scotland. They were self-help retail
 organisations set up in response to rising bread and flour prices and to
 the perceived malpractices of intermediaries in the corn market.
 Unadulternated 'pure' flour and bread were sold to members at 'prime
 cost'. The societies were a rudimentary form of 'co-operative' business
 organisation and were either owned directly by consumers or were operated
 indirectly through a friendly society. There were four main categories of
 flour and bread company, small flour clubs, shipwright societies (in naval
 dockyards), friendly society corn mills, and joint stock flour and bread
 companies. The large societies such as the Hull Anti Mill, the Sheffield
 Club Mill, and the Birmingham Flour and Bread Company were vertically
 integrated consumer organisations operating with transferable stock in
 breach of the 1720 Bubble Act. The means used to manage the societies were
 a combination of friendly society and company approaches. These
 institutions received actual or tacit support from the authorities and
 successfully fought the prosecution of the three largest societies. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 16-36 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000336 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000336 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:16-36




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christina Fowler 
Author-X-Name-First: Christina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fowler 
Title: Changes in Provincial Retail Practice during the Eighteenth Century, with Particular Reference to Central-Southern England 
Abstract:
  This essay examines the development of the retail sector in
 eighteenth-century provincial England, with particular reference to
 Hamsphire. The move to fixed place retailing is set against a background
 of changing wholesale and domestic distribution techniques and the
 significant demographic shifts experienced at the time. The role of the
 market, fair, and itinerant trader are considered against the rise of the
 increasingly specialist resident retailer. Innovations in retail practice
 (fixed pricing, advertising, loss leaders, the promotion of cash, the
 tightening of credit and the introduction of branded goods) are examined,
 collectively indicating that retail distribution underwent a significant
 transformation in the late eighteenth century. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 37-54 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000337 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000337 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:37-54




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Purvis 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Purvis 
Title: Stocking the Store: Co-operative Retailers in North-East England and Systems of Wholesale Supply circa 1860-77 
Abstract:
  The essay examines wholesale purchasing by the retail stores of
 consumers' co-operatives in north-east England during their rapid initial
 growth between the early 1860s and the later 1870s. Drawing on society
 minute books and Co-operative Wholesale Society (CWS) accounts, the
 complexity and variety of retail co-operatives' trading relations with
 both the private and co-operative sector are explored. Initially, in the
 absence of an accessible co-operative source of stock, retail societies
 developed working relations with a range of private suppliers. The larger
 co-operatives, in particular, established links with specialist
 wholesalers and food processors in distant markets that rivalled in their
 sophistication the systems of supply of substantial private retail
 grocers. Many co-operatives also seem to have used several different
 suppliers in the search for the best bargain for consumers as members.
 This pursuit of local consumers' interests also characterised relations
 with the CWS which, even after the establishment of a Newcastle branch in
 1872, continued to be unevenly supported by north-eastern co-operatives.
 The commercial and political reasons for this ambivalence are explored. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 55-78 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000338 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000338 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:55-78




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gareth Shaw 
Author-X-Name-First: Gareth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shaw 
Author-Name: Andrew Alexander 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alexander 
Author-Name: John Benson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Benson 
Author-Name: John Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Title: Structural and Spatial Trends in British Retailing: The Importance of Firm-Level Studies 
Abstract:
  This essay seeks to draw attention to important structural and spatial
 trends in British retailing within the period 1850- 1939. In doing so
 three main issues are raised. First, discussion focuses on the fragmented
 nature of existing literature on retail change and in particular the
 increasing bias towards North America. This serves to underpin the second
 theme, which describes the methodology of a new research project aimed at
 examining the growth of British multiples prior to 1939. Particular
 emphasis is given to the issue of competition and its impact on retail
 location. The third part of the paper explores some early ideas from the
 research project by considering the spatial strategies adopted by variety
 store multiples operating in southwest England. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 79-93 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000339 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000339 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:79-93




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Deborah Hodson 
Author-X-Name-First: Deborah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hodson 
Title: 'The Municipal Store': Adaptation and Development in the Retail Markets of Nineteenth-Century Urban Lancashire 
Abstract:
  This essay employs a case study of Lancashire's nineteeth-century retail
 markets in order to reassess the impact of economic and urban growth on
 retail forms. By revealing the resilience of markets in a county which
 experienced some of the most intense industrial and urban development of
 the period, it challenges those models of retail change which present an
 inverse relationship between economic and urban change on the one hand,
 and 'traditional' modes of retailing on the other. It examines the ways in
 which the region's markets responded to the new problems and opportunities
 generated by their changing physical, economic and social environment,
 focusing in particular on their management, their trade and their temporal
 and physical organisation. It reveals how, contrary to undergoing
 displacement by 'fixed' forms of shop retailing, markets adopted some of
 their characteristics and evolved as modern, profitable, daily, undercover
 'municipal stores'. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 94-114 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000340 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000340 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:94-114




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew Hilton 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hilton 
Title: Retailing History as Economic and Cultural History: Strategies of Survival by Specialist Tobacconists in the Mass Market 
Abstract:
  This article stresses how the history of retailing can be seen as both
 economic and cultural history. It does so by using a case study of the
 history of the specialist tobacconist from the late-nineteenth to the
 mid-twentieth centuries. These independent retailers moved from a position
 of skilled artisan traders in which they not only sold commodities but
 played a major role in the direction of consumption to one in which they
 merely formed the intermediary between the two greater cultural forces of
 the producer and mass of consumers. Despite various efforts to re-install
 agency into their trading role, their history mirrors that of many other
 institutions in a society which became increasingly polarised between the
 perceived masses and the emerging economic and cultural elities. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 115-137 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000341 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000341 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:115-137




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Morris 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morris 
Title: The Fascist 'Disciplining' of the Italian Retail Sector, 1922-40 
Abstract:
  Under the Fascist dictatorship, fundamental laws for the regulation or
 'disciplining' of retail commerce were introduced. This article analyses
 three main features of these - the creation of a compulsory retailers'
 confederation, the system of price controls, and the introduction of a
 licensing system. The regime's priority for retailing was that it should
 distribute essential commodities at the lowest possible prices, thereby
 satisfying basic demand within an economy that privileged production at
 the expense of consumption. The original expectation was that this would
 be achieved through a combination of the 'modernisation' of retailers'
 practices and a reduction in the numbers of small scale enterprises.
 Ultimately, however, it was traditional retailers who proved most able to
 adjust to the declining profitability and lack of opportunity that
 characterised distribution in the Fascist era. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 138-164 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000342 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000342 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:138-164




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stana Nenadic 
Author-X-Name-First: Stana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nenadic 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 169-170 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000343 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000343 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:169-170




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoff Timmins 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoff 
Author-X-Name-Last: Timmins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 170-171 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000344 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000344 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:170-171




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Walton 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Walton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 171-172 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000345 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000345 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:171-172




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Clive Lee 
Author-X-Name-First: Clive 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 172-173 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000346 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000346 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:172-173




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Trevor Boyns 
Author-X-Name-First: Trevor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boyns 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 173-174 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000347 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000347 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:173-174




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Chick 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chick 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 174-175 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000348 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000348 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:174-175




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Edwin Green 
Author-X-Name-First: Edwin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Green 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 175-176 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000349 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000349 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:175-176




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ad van Iterson 
Author-X-Name-First: Ad 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Iterson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 177-177 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000350 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000350 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:177-177




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cor Trompetter 
Author-X-Name-First: Cor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Trompetter 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 178-179 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000351 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000351 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:178-179




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elena Frangakis-Syrett 
Author-X-Name-First: Elena 
Author-X-Name-Last: Frangakis-Syrett 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 179-180 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000352 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000352 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:179-180




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joseph Harrison 
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harrison 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 180-181 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000353 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000353 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:180-181




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robin Pearson 
Author-X-Name-First: Robin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 181-183 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000354 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000354 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:181-183




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katrina Honeyman 
Author-X-Name-First: Katrina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Honeyman 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 183-184 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000355 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000355 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:183-184




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ioanna Pepelasis Minoglou 
Author-X-Name-First: Ioanna Pepelasis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Minoglou 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 184-185 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000356 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000356 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:184-185




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Gatrell 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gatrell 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 185-186 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000357 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000357 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:185-186




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ferry De Goey 
Author-X-Name-First: Ferry 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Goey 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 186-187 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000358 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000358 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:186-187




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ferry De Goey 
Author-X-Name-First: Ferry 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Goey 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 188-189 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000359 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000359 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:188-189




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Per Hansen 
Author-X-Name-First: Per 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 189-190 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000360 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000360 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:189-190




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Chu 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chu 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 190-191 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000361 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000361 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:190-191




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Charles Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Charles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 192-193 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000362 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000362 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:192-193




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Richardson 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Richardson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 193-194 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000363 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000363 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:193-194




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Augustus Veenendaal 
Author-X-Name-First: Augustus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Veenendaal 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 194-195 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000364 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000364 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:194-195




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael French 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: French 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 195-196 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000365 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000365 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:195-196




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kenneth Brown 
Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 196-197 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000366 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000366 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:196-197




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Howell John Harris 
Author-X-Name-First: Howell John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harris 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 197-198 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000367 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000367 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:197-198




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew Hilton 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hilton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 198-200 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000368 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000368 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:198-200




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ann Carlos 
Author-X-Name-First: Ann 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carlos 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 200-201 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000369 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000369 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:200-201




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Margaret Walsh 
Author-X-Name-First: Margaret 
Author-X-Name-Last: Walsh 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 201-202 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000370 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000370 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:201-202




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Singleton 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Singleton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 202-203 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000371 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000371 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:202-203




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: W. G. Huff 
Author-X-Name-First: W. G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Huff 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 203-204 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000372 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000372 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:203-204




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Raymond Stokes 
Author-X-Name-First: Raymond 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stokes 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 204-205 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000373 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000373 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:204-205




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Kennedy 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kennedy 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 206-207 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 40 
Year: 1998 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799800000374 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799800000374 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:40:y:1998:i:4:p:206-207




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Smail 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smail 
Title: The Sources of Innovation in the Woollen and Worsted Industry of Eighteenth-Century Yorkshire 
Abstract:
  This article examines the economic developments that induced producers to
 seek our innovations during a transformative period in the Yorkshire
 woollen industry. The analysis examines both the increase in the scale of
 the typical operation and the tremendous effect that fashion had on the
 industry. Particular attention is given to the ways in which the workings
 of real markets and product innovation focused entrepreneurial energy on
 the production process, and what that tells us about the origins of the
 Industrial Revolution. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-15 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000199 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000199 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:1-15




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tom Nicholas 
Author-X-Name-First: Tom 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nicholas 
Title: Wealth Making in Nineteenth-and Early Twentieth-Century Britain: Industry v. Commerce and Finance 
Abstract:
  This paper refutes the hypothesis put forward by W.D. Rubinstein that a
 disproportionately large share of Britain's wealth makers were active in
 commercial and financial trades in London. We use a data set of
 businessmen active in nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Britain and
 quantitative methods to show that the pattern of wealth holding was much
 more diverse than supposed by Rubinstein. A large fortune could be made in
 a variety of regions and occupations. Big industrialists active in the
 provinces were equally capable of generating wealth similar in size and
 significance to the City elite. More generally, London was not the centre
 of wealth making in this period. Neither was there a subordination of
 industrial and manufacturing to commercial and financial wealth. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 16-36 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000200 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000200 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:16-36




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Forrest Capie 
Author-X-Name-First: Forrest 
Author-X-Name-Last: Capie 
Author-Name: Michael Collins 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Collins 
Title: Banks, Industry and Finance, 1880-1914 
Abstract:
  This article uses contemporary business records to provide the first
 authoritative empirical breakdown of the general characteristics of
 English commercial bank lending to industrial firms in the three and a
 half decades before the First World War. The results confirm that the bulk
 of commercial bank support for industry was in the form of short-term
 credit. In particular, the overdraft system was operated in such a way as
 to provide industrial concerns with an readily accessible and flexible
 means of meeting cash flow and working capital requirements. A sizeable
 proportion of such loans required the deposit of no tangible security
 although over time this proportion declined. There were important
 differences in terms of collateral requirements demanded of private
 partnerships and limited companies, with the latter having to provide
 additional security to cover their limited liability status. In terms of
 the degree of bank involvement in the finance of industry a significant
 finding is that the commercial banks did lend to finance industrial fixed
 capital investment and, though most loans were short-term, about one-fifth
 were lent for two or more years through the rolling-over of short period
 loans. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 37-62 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000201 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000201 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:37-62




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Ollerenshaw 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ollerenshaw 
Title: Textile Business in Europe During the First World War: The Linen Industry, 1914-18 
Abstract:
  Focusing on government-business relations, this article contributes to
 the business history of the First World War. It examines how the linen
 industry was organised to meet military demand in both continental Europe
 and the UK. The German occupation of Belgium and northern France, and the
 consequent exploitation of raw material and manufacturing capacity, is an
 important theme. The article considers how the UK and Russia organised
 linen production and the role of establised Anglo-Russian commercial
 networks (including accountary firms) in facilitating wartime trade. Of
 major significance during the war was Trading with the Enemy legislation,
 and the article examines this in some detail before going on to look at
 the impact of government policy on the labour market at regional level.
 The article concludes that the war created new problems for the industry
 which contributed further to its secular decline. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 63-87 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000202 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000202 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:63-87




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mairi Maclean 
Author-X-Name-First: Mairi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maclean 
Title: Corporate Governance in France and the UK: Long-Term Perspectives on Contemporary Institutional Arrangements 
Abstract:
  The Cadbury Report on the financial aspects of corporate governance,
 published in the UK in 1992, was landmark in thinking on governance,
 leading to the publication in Francen in 1995 of the Vienot Report, which
 boldly urged the removal of the cross-shareholdings which have formed the
 bedrock of French capitalism for three decades. This article considers the
 impact of this new emphasis on corporate governance on patterns of
 governance in Britain and France, examining matters of ownership and
 control, board membership and business elites, business cultures and
 decision-making, and responsibilities to shareholders. It questions
 whether the new focus on corporate governance has brought closer together
 the ways in which businesses are managed in Britain and France, towards a
 European model, or whether indeed France is gradually embracing the
 Anglo-Saxon model, and finds that such convergence as has occurred since
 the Second World War shows as yet no sign of leading to uniformity.
 Finally, the article suggests that the contemporary corporate governance
 debate offers a framework through which the past may be revisited and,
 potentially, reassessed, business historians being well placed to shed
 light on the competing natures as well as the competing forms of corporate
 governance in the world today. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 88-116 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000203 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000203 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:88-116




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: B. W. E. Alford 
Author-X-Name-First: B. W. E. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alford 
Title: The Study of Big Business: Lessons from the Past 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 117-122 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000204 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000204 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:117-122




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: T. A. B. Corley 
Author-X-Name-First: T. A. B. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Corley 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 123-124 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000205 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000205 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:123-124




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ann Prior 
Author-X-Name-First: Ann 
Author-X-Name-Last: Prior 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 124-125 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000206 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000206 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:124-125




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Marrison 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marrison 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 125-126 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000207 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000207 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:125-126




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: R. E. Tyson 
Author-X-Name-First: R. E. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tyson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 126-127 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000208 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000208 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:126-127




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Singleton 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Singleton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 127-128 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000209 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000209 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:127-128




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Orbell 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Orbell 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 128-129 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000210 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000210 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:128-129




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alan Booth 
Author-X-Name-First: Alan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Booth 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 129-130 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000211 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000211 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:129-130




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cor Trompetter 
Author-X-Name-First: Cor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Trompetter 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 130-131 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000212 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000212 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:130-131




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joan Thirsk 
Author-X-Name-First: Joan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thirsk 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 131-132 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000213 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000213 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:131-132




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Richards Edwards 
Author-X-Name-First: John Richards 
Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 133-134 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000214 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000214 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:133-134




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francesca Carnevali 
Author-X-Name-First: Francesca 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carnevali 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 134-135 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000215 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000215 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:134-135




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katrina Honeyman 
Author-X-Name-First: Katrina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Honeyman 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 135-136 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000216 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000216 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:135-136




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Monika Dickhaus 
Author-X-Name-First: Monika 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dickhaus 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 136-137 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000217 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000217 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:136-137




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sidney Pollard 
Author-X-Name-First: Sidney 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pollard 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 137-138 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000218 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000218 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:137-138




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ruggero Raineiri 
Author-X-Name-First: Ruggero 
Author-X-Name-Last: Raineiri 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 138-139 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000219 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000219 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:138-139




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sylvie Schweitzer 
Author-X-Name-First: Sylvie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schweitzer 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 139-140 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000220 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000220 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:139-140




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ludovic Cailluet 
Author-X-Name-First: Ludovic 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cailluet 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 140-141 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000221 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000221 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:140-141




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Stokes 
Author-X-Name-First: Ray 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stokes 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 142-143 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000222 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000222 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:142-143




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Thomas Lindblad 
Author-X-Name-First: J. Thomas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lindblad 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 143-144 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000223 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000223 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:143-144




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Harold Wixforth 
Author-X-Name-First: Harold 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wixforth 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 144-145 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000224 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000224 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:144-145




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steven Toms 
Author-X-Name-First: Steven 
Author-X-Name-Last: Toms 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 145-146 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000225 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000225 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:145-146




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Frances Lynch 
Author-X-Name-First: Frances 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lynch 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 146-147 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000226 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000226 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:146-147




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael French 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: French 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 147-148 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000227 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000227 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:147-148




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: W. A. Thomas 
Author-X-Name-First: W. A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thomas 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 148-150 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000228 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000228 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:148-150




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marguerite Dupree 
Author-X-Name-First: Marguerite 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dupree 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 150-152 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000229 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000229 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:150-152




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: R. C. Michie 
Author-X-Name-First: R. C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Michie 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 152-153 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000230 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000230 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:152-153




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Fearon 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fearon 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 153-154 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000231 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000231 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:153-154




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wayne Lewchuk 
Author-X-Name-First: Wayne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lewchuk 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 154-155 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000232 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000232 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:154-155




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel Nelson 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nelson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 155-156 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000233 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000233 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:155-156




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mansel Blackford 
Author-X-Name-First: Mansel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Blackford 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 156-157 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000234 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000234 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:156-157




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jim Tomlinson 
Author-X-Name-First: Jim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tomlinson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 157-158 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000235 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000235 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:157-158




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ben Gales 
Author-X-Name-First: Ben 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gales 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 158-159 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000236 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000236 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:158-159




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Campbell-Kelly 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Campbell-Kelly 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 159-160 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000237 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000237 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:159-160




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew Hilton 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hilton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 161-162 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000238 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000238 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:161-162




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Margaret Walsh 
Author-X-Name-First: Margaret 
Author-X-Name-Last: Walsh 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 162-163 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000239 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000239 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:162-163




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Hawkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hawkins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 163-164 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000240 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000240 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:163-164




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 164-165 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000241 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000241 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:164-165




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nico Vink 
Author-X-Name-First: Nico 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vink 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 165-166 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000242 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000242 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:165-166




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lisa Bud-Frierman 
Author-X-Name-First: Lisa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bud-Frierman 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 166-167 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000243 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000243 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:166-167




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Davies 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Davies 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 167-169 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000244 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000244 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:167-169




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janet Hunter 
Author-X-Name-First: Janet 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hunter 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 169-170 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000245 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000245 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:169-170




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Malcolm Falkus 
Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm 
Author-X-Name-Last: Falkus 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 170-172 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000246 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000246 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:170-172




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Winstanley 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Winstanley 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 172-173 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000247 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000247 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:172-173




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Ville 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ville 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 173-174 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000248 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000248 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:173-174




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen Broadberry 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Broadberry 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 174-175 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000249 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000249 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:174-175




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: V. N. Balasubramanyam 
Author-X-Name-First: V. N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Balasubramanyam 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 175-177 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000250 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000250 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:175-177




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joost Jonker 
Author-X-Name-First: Joost 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jonker 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 177-178 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000251 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000251 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:177-178




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robin Pearson 
Author-X-Name-First: Robin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 178-180 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000252 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000252 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:178-180




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Brown 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 180-181 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000253 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000253 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:180-181




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gerald Crompton 
Author-X-Name-First: Gerald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Crompton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 181-183 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000254 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000254 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:1:p:181-183




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael French 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: French 
Title: British Business History: A Review of the Periodical Literature for 1997 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-16 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000255 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000255 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:1-16




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christine Macleod 
Author-X-Name-First: Christine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Macleod 
Title: Negotiating the Rewards of Invention: The Shop-Floor Inventor in Victorian Britain 
Abstract:
  We know very little about the production and management of innovation
 within the nineteenth-century firm. It was a common assumption in
 Victorian Britain that the principal site of inventive activity was the
 industrial shop floor, but there was little discussion of how firms might
 best encourage it or benefit by it. This article uses case studies drawn
 from a range of company archives to explore the relationship between
 inventive workers and their employers. Although examples can be found of
 workers who rose through their inventions to partnerships and even
 considerable wealth, and of firms which successfully managed their
 employees' intellectual property, the paper concludes that these were
 probably exceptional cases. Most firms found it an inherently very
 difficult relationship to handle and, because of their preconceptions,
 probably overlooked much of the inventive talent available on their own
 shop floor. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 17-36 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000256 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000256 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:17-36




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Antje Hagen 
Author-X-Name-First: Antje 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hagen 
Title: German Direct Investment in the UK, 1871-1918 
Abstract:
  This article examines German direct investment in the United Kingdom
 between 1871 and 1918. It is based on a new databank encompassing 179
 empirical cases of FDI in sales subsidiaries, production units and service
 sector companies during a period when Anglo-German trade was intensive.
 FDI was growing as well, due both to the increasing competitiveness of
 German companies and to rising British non-tariff barriers to trade.
 German FDI in Britain is put into perspective by comparing it with German
 FDI elsewhere and with other FDI in the UK. Against this background the
 article ascertains from a German home country perspective what shape and
 extent investments took. Investments originating from 14 different
 branches of the economy are analysed according to type of investment,
 capital invested, branch, products, legal form chosen, date of entry, and
 location in the UK. The determinants behind investments are examined, and
 German FDI in this period is shown to be multi-causal. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 37-68 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000257 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000257 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:37-68




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Author-Name: Judith Wale 
Author-X-Name-First: Judith 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wale 
Title: Diversification Strategies of British Trading Companies: Harrisons & Crosfield, c.1900-c.1980 
Abstract:
  This article examines the diversification strategies and organisational
 competencies of Harrisons & Crosfield between 1900 and 1980. This firm was
 of the largest 'agency houses' in Southeast Asia and one which had played
 a prominent role in the development of the Malayan rubber industry. By the
 1970s Harrisons & Crosfield resembled a sogo shosha in terms of its
 product and geographical diversification. This diversification was
 incremental, and often driven by risk reduction as well as by a culture
 open to new opportunities. Competencies were tacit and evolutionary.
 Diversification strategies were also sustained by learning from other
 firms, either by acquisition or joint ventures. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 69-101 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000258 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000258 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:69-101




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Tweedale 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tweedale 
Author-Name: David Jeremy 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jeremy 
Title: Compensating the Workers: Industrial Injury and Compensation in the British Asbestos Industry, 1930s-60s 
Abstract:
  In 1931 the British government introduced pioneering legislation to
 combat occupational disease in the asbestos industry. A key feature was an
 Asbestosis Scheme for compensating workers for industrial injury and
 death. This article examines the implementation of the Scheme at Turner &
 Newall, the leading UK asbestos producer. The evidence reveals an
 inequitable system of compensation, especially when compared to the
 company's generosity to its shareholders. Deficiencies in British
 compensation law, the weaknesses of regulatory forces, and the company's
 policy of minimising the extent of asbestos disease are held responsible. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 102-120 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000259 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000259 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:102-120




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoff Timmins 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoff 
Author-X-Name-Last: Timmins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 121-122 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000260 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000260 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:121-122




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Donald Woodward 
Author-X-Name-First: Donald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Woodward 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 122-123 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000261 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000261 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:122-123




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anthony Howe 
Author-X-Name-First: Anthony 
Author-X-Name-Last: Howe 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 123-123 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000262 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000262 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:123-123




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steven Toms 
Author-X-Name-First: Steven 
Author-X-Name-Last: Toms 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 124-125 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000263 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000263 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:124-125




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Rose 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rose 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 125-126 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000264 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000264 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:125-126




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kenneth Brown 
Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 126-127 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000265 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000265 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:126-127




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: F. Niepoth 
Author-X-Name-First: F. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Niepoth 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 127-127 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000266 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000266 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:127-127




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 127-129 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000267 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000267 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:127-129




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ron Weir 
Author-X-Name-First: Ron 
Author-X-Name-Last: Weir 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 129-130 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000268 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000268 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:129-130




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ludovic Cailluet 
Author-X-Name-First: Ludovic 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cailluet 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 130-131 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000269 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000269 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:130-131




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christine Shaw 
Author-X-Name-First: Christine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shaw 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 131-132 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000270 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000270 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:131-132




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ferry De Goey 
Author-X-Name-First: Ferry 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Goey 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 132-134 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000271 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000271 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:132-134




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Smith 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 134-135 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000272 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000272 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:134-135




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paloma Fernandez Perez 
Author-X-Name-First: Paloma Fernandez 
Author-X-Name-Last: Perez 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 135-136 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000273 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000273 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:135-136




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Gatrell 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gatrell 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 136-136 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000274 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000274 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:136-136




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joseph Harrison 
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harrison 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 137-138 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000275 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000275 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:137-138




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robin Pearson 
Author-X-Name-First: Robin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 138-139 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000276 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000276 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:138-139




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Lyons 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lyons 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 139-141 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000277 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000277 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:139-141




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laura Stanciu 
Author-X-Name-First: Laura 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stanciu 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 141-143 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000278 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000278 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:141-143




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 143-144 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000279 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000279 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:143-144




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alan Booth 
Author-X-Name-First: Alan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Booth 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 144-145 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000280 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000280 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:144-145




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ann Carlos 
Author-X-Name-First: Ann 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carlos 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 145-146 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000281 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000281 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:145-146




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jane Samson 
Author-X-Name-First: Jane 
Author-X-Name-Last: Samson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 146-147 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000282 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000282 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:146-147




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katrina Honeyman 
Author-X-Name-First: Katrina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Honeyman 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 147-148 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000283 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000283 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:147-148




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Scranton 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scranton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 148-149 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000284 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000284 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:148-149




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elizabeth Clapp 
Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clapp 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 149-150 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000285 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000285 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:149-150




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joseph Melling 
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph 
Author-X-Name-Last: Melling 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 151-152 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000286 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000286 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:151-152




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Benson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Benson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 152-153 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000287 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000287 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:152-153




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marvin Fischbaum 
Author-X-Name-First: Marvin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fischbaum 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 153-155 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000288 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000288 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:153-155




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sally Horrocks 
Author-X-Name-First: Sally 
Author-X-Name-Last: Horrocks 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 155-156 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000289 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000289 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:155-156




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Coopey 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Coopey 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 156-157 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000290 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000290 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:156-157




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Tweedale 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tweedale 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 157-158 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000291 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000291 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:157-158




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 158-159 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000292 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000292 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:158-159




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrea Colli 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colli 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 160-161 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000293 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000293 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:160-161




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gareth Austin 
Author-X-Name-First: Gareth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Austin 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 161-162 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000294 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000294 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:161-162




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Mead 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mead 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 162-163 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000295 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000295 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:162-163




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. H. Bamberg 
Author-X-Name-First: J. H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bamberg 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 163-164 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000296 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000296 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:163-164




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Thoms 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thoms 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 164-165 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000297 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000297 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:164-165




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steven Tolliday 
Author-X-Name-First: Steven 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tolliday 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 165-167 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000298 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000298 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:165-167




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew Hilton 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hilton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 167-168 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000299 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000299 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:167-168




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Wrigley 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wrigley 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 168-169 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000300 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000300 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:168-169




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Singleton 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Singleton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 169-170 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000301 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000301 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:169-170




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Read 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Read 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 170-171 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000302 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000302 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:170-171




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hans Sjogren 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sjogren 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 171-172 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000303 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000303 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:171-172




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Locke 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Locke 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 173-173 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000304 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000304 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:2:p:173-173




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefania Licini 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefania 
Author-X-Name-Last: Licini 
Title: Francesco Saverio Amman: An Austrian Cotton Entrepreneur in Lombardy, 1838-82 
Abstract:
  This article examines the cotton manufacturing industry in Lombardy
 during the period when Austrian rule was being restored in the wake of the
 Congress of Vienna. It adopts Pollard's emphasis on the regional nature of
 industrialisation, drawing on the surviving accounts of Francesco Saverio
 Amman - the Austrian-born founder of a major cotton-mill - and attempts to
 identify differences and similarities between his career and achievements
 and those of his many counterparts in the rest of Europe. The article
 begins by looking at Amman's economic and social advancement, and then
 discusses the development of his business interests. It concludes by
 examining how he chose to invest his earnings, both within and without the
 cotton industry. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-20 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000305 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000305 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:1-20




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sue Bowden 
Author-X-Name-First: Sue 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bowden 
Author-Name: David Higgins 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Higgins 
Title: 'Productivity on the Cheap'? The 'More Looms' Experiment and the Lancashire Weaving Industry during the Inter-War Years 
Abstract:
  Two major debates in the literature, productivity performance and the
 decline of the cotton industry, are joined in the analysis presented in
 this article on the attempts to raise productivity through the
 introduction of the more looms per weaver system in cotton weaving in the
 inter-war years. We find that the limited resultant changes were the
 outcome of understandable predisposition to maintain co-operative
 behaviour which meant that productivity enhancing schemes with long term
 potential were sacrificed for more modest schemes which preserved
 consensus in the short term. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 21-41 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000306 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000306 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:21-41




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sally Horrocks 
Author-X-Name-First: Sally 
Author-X-Name-Last: Horrocks 
Title: Enthusiasm Constrained? British Industrial R&D and the Transition from War to Peace, 1942-51 
Abstract:
  During the second half of World War II and in the years which immediately
 followed, British firms demonstrated a considerable enthusiasm for
 expanding their R&D activities. Severe restrictions on the availability of
 resources limited the extent to which this could be translated into
 practice, but many firms nonetheless managed to achieve rapid growth in
 the scale of their R&D facilities. Drawing on a range of archival sources
 generated by both government and industry, this article examines the
 nature of this enthusiasm and how it was shaped by the need to conform to
 controls on building, defence requirements, including the National Service
 'call up', and the investment priorities determined in response to the
 export drive. These constriants not only underprinned the development of
 industrial R&D during the transition from war to peace, they also helped
 to ensure that British managers retained their belief that ever more R&D
 would ensure industrial success. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 42-63 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000307 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000307 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:42-63




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ian Clark 
Author-X-Name-First: Ian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clark 
Title: Institutional Stability in Management Practice and Industrial Relations: The Influence of the Anglo-American Council for Productivity, 1948-52 
Abstract:
  The endurance of institutional stability in British industrial relations
 and management practice during the initial post-war years rested on two
 factors; the international viability of the economy and the respite that
 victory in World War Two afforded to embedded patterns of regulation in
 both areas. This contribution addresses these issues through the vehicle
 of the AACP, specifically its British section. The AACP was created to
 examine the issues of management and productivity in British
 manufacturing. Its aim was to transform management practice and raise
 levels of productivity to the American average. However, although American
 management techniques informed the AACP, its British section diluted
 American proposals to afford respresentatives of British management an
 opportunity to secure institutional stability in industrial relations and
 management practice. The international viability of the British economy
 was not secured by an investment-led transformation that raised the
 economic scale of plant and equipment. Alternatively, recovery was secured
 by a sustained increase in output within the wider aims of the British
 government in its engagement with the Marshall Plan. This article engages
 with recent revisionist analysis to demonstrate that patterns of
 industrial relations are an effect of or 'end game' in the wider economic
 and political objectives of government which confront prescriptive
 mechanisms such as the AACP. The embedded nature of internal institutions
 in industrial relations and management practice must be positioned within
 the external context which underpin their stability. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 64-92 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000308 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000308 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:64-92




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger Lloyd-Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Roger 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lloyd-Jones 
Author-Name: M. J. Lewis 
Author-X-Name-First: M. J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lewis 
Author-Name: Mark Eason 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eason 
Title: Culture as Metaphor: Company Culture and Business Strategy at Raleigh Industries, c.1945-60 
Abstract:
  This study of Raleigh Industries, one of the leading bicycle manufactures
 in the world in the immediate post-war years, argues that its business
 strategy was in part shaped by a managerial commitment to a dominant
 company culture which was deeply embedded in Raleigh's history. Using the
 notion of culture as metaphor, the paper examines the way that core values
 in the company acted as a guide in the setting of organisational goals
 and, intended or unintended, impinged upon company performance. In many
 respects, the culture guided the company well, but our study shows a
 number of ambiguities, tensions and contradictions between culture and
 strategy which had negative effects on company behaviour. Thus, Releigh's
 attachment to personal capitalism constrained its capacity expansion
 programme, and, while it adopted what appeared to be a progressive
 eduction and training policy, it in effect trained workers for the past
 rather than the future. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 93-133 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000309 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000309 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:93-133




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marek Korczynski 
Author-X-Name-First: Marek 
Author-X-Name-Last: Korczynski 
Title: The Restrictive Practices of Capital: Employer Commercial Opportunism, Labour Militancy and Economic Performance in the Engineering Construction Industry, 1960-80 
Abstract:
  The engineering construction industry, 1960-80, apparently provided a
 classic example of the British Worker Problem. The industry was host to
 widespread military and suffered very poor performance. Public reports at
 the time made a causal link between the two. Research, however, shows the
 importance of employer commercial opportunism, or restrictive practices,
 in generating the poor performance. Examples of this opportunism included
 contractor firms withholding information from clients, underbidding, and
 deliberately slowing production in order to force extra payments from
 clients. This commercial opportunism also played an important part in
 setting the context for high labour militancy. While labour militancy was
 not the central cause of poor performance in the industry, the militancy
 did serve to consolidate the approach of contractors which focused on
 profit through commercial opportunism. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 134-160 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000310 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000310 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:134-160




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sidney Pollard 
Author-X-Name-First: Sidney 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pollard 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 161-162 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000311 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000311 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:161-162




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Ville 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ville 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 162-163 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000312 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000312 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:162-163




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah Palmer 
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Palmer 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 163-165 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000313 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000313 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:163-165




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Judith Wale 
Author-X-Name-First: Judith 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wale 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 165-166 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000314 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000314 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:165-166




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Church 
Author-X-Name-First: Roy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Church 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 166-167 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000315 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000315 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:166-167




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katrina Honeyman 
Author-X-Name-First: Katrina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Honeyman 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 168-168 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000316 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000316 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:168-168




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Caroline Elliott 
Author-X-Name-First: Caroline 
Author-X-Name-Last: Elliott 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 169-170 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000317 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000317 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:169-170




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kustaa Vilkuna 
Author-X-Name-First: Kustaa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vilkuna 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 170-171 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000318 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000318 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:170-171




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ferry De Goey 
Author-X-Name-First: Ferry 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Goey 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 171-172 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000319 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000319 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:171-172




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Jeremy 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jeremy 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 173-174 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000320 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000320 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:173-174




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Chick 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chick 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 174-175 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000321 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000321 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:174-175




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthias Kipping 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthias 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kipping 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 175-177 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000322 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000322 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:175-177




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Margaret Walsh 
Author-X-Name-First: Margaret 
Author-X-Name-Last: Walsh 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 177-178 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000323 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000323 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:177-178




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Walton 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Walton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 178-179 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000324 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000324 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:178-179




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Trevor Boyns 
Author-X-Name-First: Trevor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boyns 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 179-180 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000325 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000325 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:179-180




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Augustus Veenendaal 
Author-X-Name-First: Augustus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Veenendaal 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 181-181 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000326 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000326 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:181-181




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jim Tomlinson 
Author-X-Name-First: Jim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tomlinson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 181-182 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000327 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000327 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:181-182




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: V. N. Balasubramanyam 
Author-X-Name-First: V. N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Balasubramanyam 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 182-184 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000328 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000328 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:182-184




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paloma Fernandez Perez 
Author-X-Name-First: Paloma Fernandez 
Author-X-Name-Last: Perez 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 184-185 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000329 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000329 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:184-185




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Charles Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Charles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 185-186 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000330 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000330 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:185-186




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ivy Maria Lim 
Author-X-Name-First: Ivy Maria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lim 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 187-188 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000331 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000331 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:187-188




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: B. R. Tomlinson 
Author-X-Name-First: B. R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tomlinson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 188-189 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000332 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000332 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:188-189




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Malcolm Falkus 
Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm 
Author-X-Name-Last: Falkus 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 189-190 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000333 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000333 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:189-190




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Stokes 
Author-X-Name-First: Ray 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stokes 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 191-192 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000334 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000334 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:191-192




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 192-193 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000335 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000335 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:192-193




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Smith 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 193-194 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000336 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000336 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:193-194




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mira Wilkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Mira 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilkins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 194-196 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000337 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000337 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:194-196




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger Middleton 
Author-X-Name-First: Roger 
Author-X-Name-Last: Middleton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 197-198 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000338 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000338 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:197-198




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Judy Slinn 
Author-X-Name-First: Judy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Slinn 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 198-199 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000339 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000339 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:198-199




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Howard Cox 
Author-X-Name-First: Howard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cox 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 199-200 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000340 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000340 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:199-200




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 200-201 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000341 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000341 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:3:p:200-201




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Marinetto 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marinetto 
Title: The Historical Development of Business Philanthropy: Social Responsibility in the New Corporate Economy 
Abstract:
  According to neo-liberal economists such as Friedman and Hayek, the prime
 function of any business enterprise is to generate profits; its central
 responsibility is to shareholders. The idea that business owners should
 also seek to perform social tasks is regarded as completely erroneous.
 Historical evidence suggests that not all business leaders have been
 content simply to perform a commercial role in society. Numerous
 industrialists and entrepreneurs throughout the nineteenth century made
 significant contributions to their local communities. The early efforts of
 socially responsible business leaders are well documented. This paper aims
 to build on existing historical analysis of business philanthropy and
 social involvement by analysing developments in post-war Britain. Three
 main historical developments are outlined. Firstly, the early post-war
 years, despite the formation of the welfare state, witnessed some notable
 efforts to engage business in society. These were mainly inspired by
 church-led organisations and Christian entrepreneurs. Second, the
 expansion of the corporate economy throughout the 1940s and 1950s placed
 increasing constraints on the social aspirations of businesses. Finally,
 from the mid-1970s onwards there grew a more general interest in corporate
 responsibility. This was consolidated in the 1980s. As part of the general
 redefinition of state functions in this period, the role of business in
 addressing social problems became more prominent. Such political and
 policy developments, it is argued, have made a significant contribution
 towards enhancing the social role of business. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-20 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000342 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000342 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:1-20




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Sunderland 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sunderland 
Title: 'Objectionable Parasites': The Crown Agents and the Purchase of Crown Colony Government Stores, 1880-1914 
Abstract:
  This article discusses the Crown Agent purchase of colonial government
 supplies from the perspective of principal-agent theory. It is argued
 that, in order to maximise their own welfare, the Agents adopted a quality
 bias and used an uncompetitive purchasing procedure to buy quality goods,
 which were then subjected to an elaborate inspection procedure and insured
 and shipped at high cost. Until the turn of the century the colonies,
 however, were prepared to accept the additional expense, aware that the
 potential cost of the supply of poor quality merchandise far outweighed
 the premium paid for the goods, and that, if they wished, they could
 easily circumvent the Agents' purchasing monopoly and buy direct from
 merchants. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 21-47 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000343 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000343 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:21-47




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Priscilla Connolly 
Author-X-Name-First: Priscilla 
Author-X-Name-Last: Connolly 
Title: Pearson and Public Works Construction in Mexico,1890-1910 
Abstract:
  S. Pearson & Son, forerunner to the present-day Pearsons PLC, started as
 a general works contractor in the 1860s and emerged as a global enterprise
 mainly on the strength of public works contracts undertaken for the
 Mexican government between 1889 and 1906. This article looks at how this
 business operated, analysing the capital flows through the contracts.
 These involved substantial quantities of public debt, mostly in the form
 of silver bonds. The very favourable terms achieved by Pearson and the
 fact that he built all the largest public works projects, suggest that he
 enjoyed a virtual monopoly over this kind of contract in Mexico. Some
 explanations of this are examined, together with their possible
 implications regarding technology transfers and modelling the future
 development of the Mexican construction industry. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 48-71 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000344 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000344 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:48-71




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paloma Fernandez-Perez 
Author-X-Name-First: Paloma 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernandez-Perez 
Title: Challenging the Loss of an Empire: Gonzalez & Byass of Jerez 
Abstract:
  After the loss of the Spanish American markets, Spanish entrepreneurs
 faced considerable challenges in order to penetrate or consolidate
 European markets. Sherry exporting was one of their most successful
 responses. Very few entrepreneurs controlled this business, and most of
 them were non-Spaniards. The exception was Manuel Maria Gonzalez Angel,
 founder of Gonzalez & Byass. This firm became the leading sherry export
 company of Jerez in the second half of the nineteenth century. This
 article studies two strategies that explain the success of this firm: the
 organisation of partnerships with Spanish and British entrepreneurs, and
 the continuous adoption of technical innovation in production and
 distribution. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 72-87 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000345 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000345 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:72-87




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Wardley 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wardley 
Title: The Emergence of Big Business: The Largest Corporate Employers of Labour in the United Kingdom, Germany and the United States c. 1907 
Abstract:
  This article, which builds on previous studies published in Business
 History, documents the largest employers of labour in the Edwardian United
 Kingdom. It provides a more comprehensive coverage than hitherto by
 indicating several important firms which have previously escaped
 enumeration. More specifically, it demonstrates the neglected importance
 of several large companies in the coal industry and in metallurgy. With
 the identification of large employers in Wales, Scotland and the
 north-east of England, it also redresses an imbalance caused by previous
 under-enumeration of large firms in 'Outer Britain'. This more
 comprehensive coverage also contributes to analysis of several aspects of
 big business in twentieth-century Britain: first, it contributes to
 analysis of concentration, analysis which can be undertaken for the whole
 economy or with reference to specific sectors; second, it reveals firms
 which exhibited economic dynamism, stasis or decline; third, it is
 indicative of the impact of internal growth and amalgamation for
 individual companies; fourth, it discloses many of the firms which would
 have had recourse to an internal labour market. An international
 perspective is adopted by comparative analysis of similar developments in
 Britain's major rivals, the USA and Germany. All told, it sheds important
 light on both the emergence of big business and the historiography of this
 phenomenon, reaffirming a revisionist view that British companies were
 larger and more varied in their activities than previously suggested. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 88-116 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000346 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000346 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:88-116




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: R. C. Michie 
Author-X-Name-First: R. C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Michie 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 117-118 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000347 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000347 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:117-118




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kenneth Warren 
Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Warren 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 118-119 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000348 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000348 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:118-119




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Timmins 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Timmins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 119-120 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000349 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000349 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:119-120




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ron Weir 
Author-X-Name-First: Ron 
Author-X-Name-Last: Weir 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 120-121 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000350 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000350 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:120-121




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sue Wright 
Author-X-Name-First: Sue 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wright 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 121-122 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000351 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000351 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:121-122




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: D. A. Farnie 
Author-X-Name-First: D. A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Farnie 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 122-123 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000352 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000352 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:122-123




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Winstanley 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Winstanley 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 123-124 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000353 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000353 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:123-124




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: C. P. Lewis 
Author-X-Name-First: C. P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lewis 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 124-125 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000354 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000354 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:124-125




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew Hilton 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hilton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 125-126 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000355 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000355 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:125-126




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger Middleton 
Author-X-Name-First: Roger 
Author-X-Name-Last: Middleton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 127-128 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000356 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000356 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:127-128




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alan Booth 
Author-X-Name-First: Alan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Booth 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 128-128 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000357 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000357 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:128-128




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maurice Kirby 
Author-X-Name-First: Maurice 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kirby 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 128-130 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000358 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000358 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:128-130




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Timmins 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Timmins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 130-130 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000359 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000359 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:130-130




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Serge Chassagne 
Author-X-Name-First: Serge 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chassagne 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 130-131 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000360 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000360 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:130-131




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 131-133 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000361 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000361 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:131-133




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katrina Honeyman 
Author-X-Name-First: Katrina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Honeyman 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 133-134 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000362 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000362 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:133-134




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Augustus Veenendaal 
Author-X-Name-First: Augustus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Veenendaal 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 134-135 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000363 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000363 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:134-135




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ludovic Cailluet 
Author-X-Name-First: Ludovic 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cailluet 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 135-136 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000364 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000364 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:135-136




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joseph Harrison 
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harrison 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 136-137 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000365 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000365 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:136-137




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lynne Attwood 
Author-X-Name-First: Lynne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Attwood 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 137-138 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000366 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000366 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:137-138




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jari Ojala 
Author-X-Name-First: Jari 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ojala 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 139-140 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000367 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000367 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:139-140




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Ottosson 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ottosson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 140-141 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000368 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000368 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:140-141




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Lewis 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lewis 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 141-142 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000369 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000369 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:141-142




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Tweedale 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tweedale 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 142-143 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000370 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000370 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:142-143




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Hawkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hawkins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 143-144 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000371 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000371 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:143-144




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Augustus Veenendaal 
Author-X-Name-First: Augustus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Veenendaal 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 144-145 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000372 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000372 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:144-145




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Sicilia 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sicilia 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 145-146 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000373 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000373 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:145-146




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wayne Broehl 
Author-X-Name-First: Wayne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Broehl 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 146-148 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000374 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000374 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:146-148




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marvin Fischbaum 
Author-X-Name-First: Marvin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fischbaum 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 148-149 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000375 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000375 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:148-149




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Lyth 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lyth 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 149-150 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000376 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000376 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:149-150




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Albert Churella 
Author-X-Name-First: Albert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Churella 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 151-152 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000377 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000377 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:151-152




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. J. French 
Author-X-Name-First: M. J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: French 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 152-153 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000378 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000378 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:152-153




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Margaret Walsh 
Author-X-Name-First: Margaret 
Author-X-Name-Last: Walsh 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 153-154 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000379 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000379 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:153-154




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Fearon 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fearon 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 154-155 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000380 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000380 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:154-155




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Judith Wale 
Author-X-Name-First: Judith 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wale 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 155-156 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000381 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000381 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:155-156




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Scranton 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scranton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 156-157 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000382 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000382 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:156-157




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steven Toms 
Author-X-Name-First: Steven 
Author-X-Name-Last: Toms 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 157-158 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000383 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000383 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:157-158




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Charles Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Charles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 159-160 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000384 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000384 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:159-160




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patricia Collins 
Author-X-Name-First: Patricia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Collins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 160-161 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000385 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000385 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:160-161




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gordon Boyce 
Author-X-Name-First: Gordon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boyce 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 161-163 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000386 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000386 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:161-163




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Collins 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Collins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 163-164 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000387 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000387 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:163-164




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Forrest Capie 
Author-X-Name-First: Forrest 
Author-X-Name-Last: Capie 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 164-165 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000388 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000388 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:164-165




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: B. W. E. Alford 
Author-X-Name-First: B. W. E. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alford 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 165-166 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000389 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000389 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:165-166




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Sanderson 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sanderson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 166-167 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000390 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000390 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:166-167




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Coopersmith 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Coopersmith 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 167-168 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000391 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000391 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:167-168




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: O. Bjarnar 
Author-X-Name-First: O. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bjarnar 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 168-169 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000392 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000392 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:168-169




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Charles Munn 
Author-X-Name-First: Charles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Munn 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 169-170 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000393 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000393 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:169-170




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jari Eloranta 
Author-X-Name-First: Jari 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eloranta 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 170-172 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000394 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000394 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:170-172




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. R. H. Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: S. R. H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 172-174 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000395 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000395 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:172-174




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rolv Petter Amdam 
Author-X-Name-First: Rolv Petter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Amdam 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 174-175 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 41 
Year: 1999 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076799900000396 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076799900000396 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:41:y:1999:i:4:p:174-175




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Church 
Author-X-Name-First: Roy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Church 
Title: Ossified or Dynamic? Structure, Markets and the Competitive Process in the British Business System of the Nineteenth Century 
Abstract:
  This article challenges an interpretation of early and mid-Victorian
 business history which has emphasised the damaging effects observable
 during the late nineteenth century of a prior ossification of the
 industrial structure and of an associated lack of entrepreneurial vigour
 or aspiration towards growth. By focusing upon process rather than
 structure, the article underlines the intensity of competition in markets
 and innovative developments in marketing products regardless of the size,
 ownership and control of business enterprises. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-20 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000172 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000172 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:1-20




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Howlett 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Howlett 
Title: Evidence of the Existence of an Internal Labour Market in the Great Eastern Railway Company, 1875-1905 
Abstract:
  Evidence from promotion ladders and the wage payment system of the GER is
 evaluated to see if it supports existing claims, primarily based on
 welfare and pension provision, that by 1900 the railway companies had
 become the first important adherents in the country to a system of
 internal labour markets. It is suggested that promotion was internalised
 and that it was based on merit and seniority, that some form of seniority
 wage payments system did evolve, and that wage increases were sharpest in
 the first ten years of employment and were associated with spatial
 mobility 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 21-40 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000173 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000173 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:21-40




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Ville 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ville 
Author-Name: Grant Fleming 
Author-X-Name-First: Grant 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fleming 
Title: The Nature and Structure of Trade-Financial Networks: Evidence from the New Zealand Pastoral Sector 
Abstract:
  Recent work on business organisation has shown how a network based upon
 trade can evolve into a more widely embracing trade and financial network.
 A growing network may also engender leaders who intermediate to reduce
 communication costs. This paper provides an historically based variation
 on such hypothesised network structures by showing that trade and finance
 can exist together as part of a network from the outset. New Zealand
 pastoral agent firms recognised from very early on that regular trading
 transactions between agent and farmer generated trust, reputational
 effects, and mutual information exchange vital for successful lending and
 the provision of pastoral services. Agents, and sometimes other functional
 groups, served as intermediating leaders as the network grew in size and
 complexity. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 41-58 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000174 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000174 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:41-58




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Higgins 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Higgins 
Author-Name: Steven Toms 
Author-X-Name-First: Steven 
Author-X-Name-Last: Toms 
Title: Public Subsidy and Private Divestment: The Lancashire Cotton Textile Industry, c.1950-c.1965 
Abstract:
  The investment and divestment policies of Lancashire cotton companies are
 examined by reference to historical financial and other archival data.
 Capital/product market and political/institutional constraints on
 entrepreneurial behaviour are evaluated. Lancashire entrepreneurs were
 faced with a legacy of over-capacity and a market situation that
 individual decisions could do little to later. Political constraints,
 especially in the form of taxation and regulation of overseas trade, had
 important influences on investment behaviour. Divisions within the
 Lancashire lobby weakened its political influence prior to 1959. Dividend
 policy and the constraint on corporate cash flow imposed by the capital
 markets also helped to limit the effectiveness of restructuring
 investments. Partial solutions from the British government could not
 prevent the total demise of what remained of an important regional
 industry. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 59-84 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000175 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000175 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:59-84




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Wright 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wright 
Title: From Shop Floor to Boardroom: The Historical Evolution of Australian Management Consulting, 1940s to 1980s 
Abstract:
  This article traces the historical development of management consulting
 in Australia. While some observers have argued the origins of management
 consulting involved primarily executive and board-level advice over
 corporate strategy and structure, as was the case in the United Kingdom,
 Australian management consulting began with a dominantly Taylorist focus
 on shop-floor productivity before diversifying into the broader range of
 general management services. It is argued that while economic and
 technological changes have played a role in such diversification, of equal
 importance has been the ability of consultancies to reinvent themselves
 and create demand amongst clinet organisations for an ever increasing
 range of services. The article concludes by arguing that modern management
 consulting is a diverse and segmented industry that has been involved as
 much in the provision of advice and expertise over shop-floor
 efficiencies, as it has in boardroom strategy. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 85-86 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000176 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000176 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:85-86




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Donald Woodward 
Author-X-Name-First: Donald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Woodward 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 107-107 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000177 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000177 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:107-107




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Jeremy 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jeremy 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 107-108 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000178 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000178 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:107-108




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Walton 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Walton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 109-110 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000179 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000179 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:109-110




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 110-111 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000180 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000180 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:110-111




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Singleton 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Singleton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 111-112 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000181 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000181 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:111-112




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Singleton 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Singleton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 112-113 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000182 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000182 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:112-113




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ann Prior 
Author-X-Name-First: Ann 
Author-X-Name-Last: Prior 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 113-114 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000183 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000183 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:113-114




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Turner 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Turner 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 114-115 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000184 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000184 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:114-115




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katrina Honeyman 
Author-X-Name-First: Katrina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Honeyman 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 115-116 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000185 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000185 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:115-116




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robin Pearson 
Author-X-Name-First: Robin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 117-118 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000186 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000186 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:117-118




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Gatrell 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gatrell 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 118-119 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000187 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000187 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:118-119




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sylvie Schweitzer 
Author-X-Name-First: Sylvie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schweitzer 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 119-120 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000188 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000188 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:119-120




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Harmut Berghoff 
Author-X-Name-First: Harmut 
Author-X-Name-Last: Berghoff 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 120-121 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000189 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000189 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:120-121




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Millward 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Millward 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 121-122 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000190 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000190 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:121-122




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Chick 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chick 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 122-123 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000191 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000191 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:122-123




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juan Pan-Montojo 
Author-X-Name-First: Juan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pan-Montojo 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 123-125 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000192 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000192 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:123-125




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hans Sjogren 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sjogren 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 125-126 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000193 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000193 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:125-126




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 126-126 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000194 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000194 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:126-126




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Margaret Walsh 
Author-X-Name-First: Margaret 
Author-X-Name-Last: Walsh 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 126-127 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000195 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000195 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:126-127




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sue Wright 
Author-X-Name-First: Sue 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wright 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 128-129 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000196 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000196 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:128-129




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Silva 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Silva 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 129-130 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000197 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000197 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:129-130




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Albert Churella 
Author-X-Name-First: Albert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Churella 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 130-131 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000198 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000198 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:130-131




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mansel Blackford 
Author-X-Name-First: Mansel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Blackford 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 131-132 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000199 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000199 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:131-132




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew Hilton 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hilton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 132-133 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000200 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000200 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:132-133




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Howell John Harris 
Author-X-Name-First: Howell John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harris 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 133-134 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000201 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000201 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:133-134




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Locke 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Locke 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 134-135 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000202 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000202 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:134-135




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mansel Blackford 
Author-X-Name-First: Mansel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Blackford 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 135-136 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000203 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000203 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:135-136




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Charles Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Charles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 136-138 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000204 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000204 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:136-138




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sei Yonekura 
Author-X-Name-First: Sei 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yonekura 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 138-140 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000205 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000205 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:138-140




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: D. H. Whittaker 
Author-X-Name-First: D. H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Whittaker 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 140-141 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000206 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000206 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:140-141




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Malcolm Falkus 
Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm 
Author-X-Name-Last: Falkus 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 141-142 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000207 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000207 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:141-142




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 142-143 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000208 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000208 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:142-143




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Tweedale 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tweedale 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 143-145 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000209 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000209 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:143-145




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sally Horrocks 
Author-X-Name-First: Sally 
Author-X-Name-Last: Horrocks 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 145-146 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000210 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000210 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:145-146




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gordon Boyce 
Author-X-Name-First: Gordon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boyce 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 146-147 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000211 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000211 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:146-147




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: V. N. Balasubramanyam 
Author-X-Name-First: V. N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Balasubramanyam 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 147-148 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000212 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000212 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:147-148




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Campbell-Kelly 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Campbell-Kelly 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 148-150 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000213 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000213 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:148-150




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Forrest Capie 
Author-X-Name-First: Forrest 
Author-X-Name-Last: Capie 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 150-151 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000214 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000214 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:150-151




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 151-152 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000215 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000215 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:151-152




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hans De Geer 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Geer 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 152-153 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000216 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000216 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:152-153




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Scranton 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scranton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 153-154 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000217 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000217 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:1:p:153-154




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Duncan Ross 
Author-X-Name-First: Duncan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ross 
Title: British Business History: A Review of the Periodical Literature for 1998 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-16 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000218 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000218 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:1-16




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Karl James Moore 
Author-X-Name-First: Karl James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moore 
Author-Name: David Charles Lewis 
Author-X-Name-First: David Charles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lewis 
Title: Multinational Enterprise in Ancient Phoenicia 
Abstract:
  At its peak, Phoenician businessmen directed intercontinental enterprises
 trading in silver from Spain, tin from Britain, ivory from Africa, copper
 from Cyprus, iron from Syria, and textiles and manufactured goods from all
 over the Mediterranean. Their investments reached from the Atlantic to the
 Assyrian Empire. Using Dunning's eclectic paradigm as a lens, this paper
 suggests these early Canaanites as the architects of the first truly
 intercontinental multinational enterprises. The managed business hierarchy
 created by the merchants of Ugarit and Tyre, moreover, foreshadowed, in
 some of its features, the international keiretsu networks of contemporary
 Japan. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 17-42 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000219 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000219 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:17-42




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Scott Fletcher 
Author-X-Name-First: Scott 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fletcher 
Author-Name: Andrew Godley 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Godley 
Title: Foreign Direct Investment in British Retailing, 1850-1962 
Abstract:
  This article describes a newly compiled dataset on foreign multinationals
 in British retailing and compares the patterns of inward investment in
 retailing with those in manufacturing. Foreign retailers were present in
 Britain well before foreign manufacturers, but their numbers did not grow
 as dramatically after 1890. Strikingly, very few pre-World War Two foreign
 entrants into UK retailing were actually retailers. The great majority
 were instead foreign manufacturers pursuing international markets through
 investing in dedicated distribution channels. These hybrid multinationals
 retained their home manufacturing base and mostly restricted their
 internationalisation to retailing. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 43-62 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000220 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000220 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:43-62




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Charles Harvey 
Author-X-Name-First: Charles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harvey 
Author-Name: Jon Press 
Author-X-Name-First: Jon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Press 
Title: Management and the Taff Vale Strike of 1900 
Abstract:
  The Taff Vale Railway strike of 1900 stands as a landmark in the history
 of industrial relations in Britain. There is a substantial literature
 dealing with the strike and resulting court case. Yet relatively little
 attention has been paid to the underlying pressures and tensions which
 gave rise to the strike nor to its wider consequences: the focus hitherto
 has been on labour, politics and labour law rather than the dynamics of
 the struggle between capital and labour which raged throughout the railway
 industry. The strike resulted from a clash between an assertive labour
 movement and a beleaguered management with little financial room for
 manoeuvre. Victory for capital paved the way for far-reaching changes in
 technology and working methods without conceding the gains to labour
 through the agency of trade union action. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 63-86 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000221 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000221 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:63-86




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: O. De Wit 
Author-X-Name-First: O. 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Wit 
Author-Name: J. Van Den Ende 
Author-X-Name-First: J. Van Den 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ende 
Title: The Emergence of a New Regime: Business Management and Office Mechanisation in the Dutch Financial Sector in the 1920s 
Abstract:
  During the 1920s the methods, procedures and technologies used in the
 Dutch office workers' sector to conduct administrative processes underwent
 sweeping changes. New management styles, office methods and information
 technologies were introduced. These changes were closely related to each
 other, and served as a new organisational model for large-scale office
 activities. We may therefore speak of the emergence of a new 'regime' of
 office organisation. Important elements of the new regime were the
 standardisation and formalisation of internal communication flows, the
 introduction of systematic analyses of office operations and the use of
 punched card technology. In this article the causes, characteristics and
 consequences of this regime shift are traced by closely examining a couple
 of reorganisation projects that took place in the 1920s at two different
 Dutch financial institutions, one of which was successful and one of which
 amounted to a failure. These institutions were the Rotterdamsche
 Bankvereeniging (Robaver) and the national Giro Service. The cases
 demonstrate that the different elements of the new regime were closely
 connected, and that the new management styles and office methods were
 indispensable for the successful introduction of the new information
 technology. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 87-118 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000222 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000222 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:87-118




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Trevor Buck 
Author-X-Name-First: Trevor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Buck 
Author-Name: Malcolm Tull 
Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tull 
Title: Anglo-American Contributions to Japanese and German Corporate Governance after World War Two 
Abstract:
  After over 50 years, it is pertinent at a time when corporate governance
 (CG) is a controversial subject, especially in 'transition' economies, to
 reflect on the immediate post-World War Two period as potentially a
 miniature 'laboratory experiment' in CG. In this period, occupying US and
 UK military governments were in a very strong position to reform CG in
 Japan and Germany respectively, in their own images. It turns out that
 many of their regulatory changes were subsequently modified or even
 reversed by domestic governments and market forces. In some subtle ways,
 however, the occupations laid a basis for rapid post-war economic recovery
 in Germany and Japan. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 119-140 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000223 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000223 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:119-140




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: W. D. Rubinstein 
Author-X-Name-First: W. D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rubinstein 
Title: Wealth Making in the Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries: A Response 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 141-154 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000224 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000224 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:141-154




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tom Nicholas 
Author-X-Name-First: Tom 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nicholas 
Title: Wealth Making in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century: The Rubinstein Hypothesis Revisited 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 155-168 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000225 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000225 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:155-168




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Brown 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 169-169 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000226 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000226 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:169-169




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Santina Levey 
Author-X-Name-First: Santina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Levey 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 169-170 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000227 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000227 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:169-170




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gerald Crompton 
Author-X-Name-First: Gerald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Crompton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 170-171 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000228 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000228 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:170-171




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Oliver Westall 
Author-X-Name-First: Oliver 
Author-X-Name-Last: Westall 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 171-173 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000229 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000229 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:171-173




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: W. D. Rubinstein 
Author-X-Name-First: W. D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rubinstein 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 173-174 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000230 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000230 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:173-174




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gail Braybon 
Author-X-Name-First: Gail 
Author-X-Name-Last: Braybon 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 174-175 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000231 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000231 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:174-175




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Rose 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rose 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 175-176 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000232 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000232 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:175-176




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katrina Honeyman 
Author-X-Name-First: Katrina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Honeyman 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 176-177 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000233 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000233 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:176-177




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katrina Honeyman 
Author-X-Name-First: Katrina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Honeyman 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 178-179 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000234 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000234 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:178-179




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joseph Harrison 
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harrison 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 179-180 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000235 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000235 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:179-180




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Ville 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ville 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 180-180 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000236 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000236 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:180-180




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rolv Petter Amdam 
Author-X-Name-First: Rolv Petter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Amdam 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 181-181 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000237 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000237 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:181-181




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Keetie Sluyterman 
Author-X-Name-First: Keetie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sluyterman 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 182-183 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000238 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000238 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:182-183




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael French 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: French 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 183-184 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000239 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000239 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:183-184




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janet Greenlees 
Author-X-Name-First: Janet 
Author-X-Name-Last: Greenlees 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 184-185 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000240 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000240 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:184-185




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tim Lockley 
Author-X-Name-First: Tim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lockley 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 185-186 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000241 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000241 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:185-186




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Thoms 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thoms 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 186-187 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000242 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000242 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:186-187




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew Hilton 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hilton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 187-188 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000243 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000243 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:187-188




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: G. C. Peden 
Author-X-Name-First: G. C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Peden 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 188-189 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000244 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000244 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:188-189




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Margaret Walsh 
Author-X-Name-First: Margaret 
Author-X-Name-Last: Walsh 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 189-190 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000245 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000245 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:189-190




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Edwin Perkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Edwin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Perkins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 190-192 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000246 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000246 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:190-192




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: K. Austin Kerr 
Author-X-Name-First: K. Austin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kerr 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 192-193 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000247 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000247 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:192-193




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christine Shaw 
Author-X-Name-First: Christine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shaw 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 193-194 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000248 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000248 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:193-194




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mira Wilkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Mira 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilkins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 194-196 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000249 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000249 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:194-196




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 196-197 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000250 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000250 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:196-197




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steven Tolliday 
Author-X-Name-First: Steven 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tolliday 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 197-199 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000251 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000251 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:197-199




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Trevor Boyns 
Author-X-Name-First: Trevor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boyns 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 199-201 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000252 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000252 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:199-201




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Richardson 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Richardson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 201-202 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000253 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000253 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:201-202




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janet Hunter 
Author-X-Name-First: Janet 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hunter 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 202-203 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000254 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000254 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:202-203




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juro Hashimoto 
Author-X-Name-First: Juro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hashimoto 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 204-205 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000255 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000255 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:204-205




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Malcolm Falkus 
Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm 
Author-X-Name-Last: Falkus 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 205-206 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000256 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000256 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:205-206




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Judy Slinn 
Author-X-Name-First: Judy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Slinn 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 207-207 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000257 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000257 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:207-207




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: V. N. Balasubramanyam 
Author-X-Name-First: V. N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Balasubramanyam 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 208-208 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000258 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000258 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:208-208




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Margaret Levenstein 
Author-X-Name-First: Margaret 
Author-X-Name-Last: Levenstein 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 208-210 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000259 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000259 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:208-210




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ranald Michie 
Author-X-Name-First: Ranald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Michie 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 211-212 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000260 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000260 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:211-212




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Locke 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Locke 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 212-213 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000261 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000261 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:212-213




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Greenhill 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Greenhill 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 213-214 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000262 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000262 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:213-214




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jo-Anne Yates 
Author-X-Name-First: Jo-Anne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yates 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 215-216 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000263 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000263 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:2:p:215-216




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: D. T. Merrett 
Author-X-Name-First: D. T. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Merrett 
Title: Business Institutions and Behaviour in Australia: A New Perspective 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-12 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000264 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000264 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:1-12




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Ville 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ville 
Author-Name: D. T. Merrett 
Author-X-Name-First: D. T. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Merrett 
Title: The Development of Large Scale Enterprise in Australia, 1910-64 
Abstract:
  This essay explores the development of large scale enterprise in
 Australia, an economy in which resource industries were unusually
 important and with a very small domestic market. Using asset size as a
 yardstick, the authors construct a series of the 100 largest firms
 operating in the years 1910, 1930, 1952 and 1964. These lists allow the
 identification of firms by industry and whether they were foreign-owned.
 Cross-country comparisons are also made. Further, the authors discuss the
 more qualitative aspects of Australian large scale enterprise in the
 context of whether these firms approximated the competitive capitalism of
 the United States or the family capitalism of Britain. They concluded that
 Australian firms displayed little of the dynamism of the leading firms in
 the United States. Protectionist government policies explain part of this
 behavioural trait. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 13-46 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000265 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000265 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:13-46




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Grant Fleming 
Author-X-Name-First: Grant 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fleming 
Title: Collusion and Price Wars in the Australian Coal Industry during the Late Nineteenth Century 
Abstract:
  This essay examines the behaviour of coal mining companies in late
 nineteenth-century Australia in light of recent research on strategic firm
 behaviour. The Northern Collieries vend explored a number of institutional
 arrangements designed to increase the amount of public information and
 raise the costs of cheating. Output apportioning and profit redistribution
 schemes were employed to increase the costs to any individual firm of
 over-production. Wage contracts between the coal mining union and
 collieries included a sliding-scale component linked to the cartel price;
 the union was an important monitoring agent increasing the amount of
 public information on firm behaviour. Periodic price wars involved
 chiselling on the cartel price and bargaining behaviour to influence
 future agreements. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 47-70 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000266 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000266 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:47-70




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Burn 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Burn 
Title: Opportunism and Long-Term Contracting: Transactions in Broken Hill Zinc Concentrates in the 1930s 
Abstract:
  The essay examines the design and operation of a long-term contract at
 the centre of the Anglo-Australian zinc industry during the 1930s. All the
 parties to this contract invested in durable assets that were highly
 specific to transactions in Broken Hill zinc concentrates. Under such
 conditions, according to transaction cost economics, an efficient
 contractual response would entail the vertical integration of exchange or,
 at the very least, some long-term arrangement under which the parties make
 sizeable credible commitments in support of exchange. The basis of the
 transaction cost argument is that such an arrangement is necessary to
 protect the parties against the risk of opportunistic behaviour by
 exchange partners. The contract examined here, however, did not possess
 such protective devices, yet, by all accounts, performed extremely well in
 the most testing of circumstances. Close analysis of the design and
 operation of this contract gives reason to question the generality of the
 transaction cost assumption that parties structure their institutional
 arrangements with a view to protect themselves against the hazards of
 opportunism. The parties to this contract did not anticipate a high degree
 of opportunism and this was reflected in the design of their contract.
 From the analysis of the way the contract actually operated it is clear
 that this expectation was more than justified and exchange in Broken Hill
 zinc concentrates was characterised by close co-operation and forbearance
 rather than opportunism. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 71-88 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000267 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000267 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:71-88




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Helen Fountain 
Author-X-Name-First: Helen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fountain 
Title: Technology Acquisition, Firm Capability and Sustainable Competitive Advantage: A Case Study of Australian Glass Manufacturers Ltd, 1915-39 
Abstract:
  In 1915, Australian Glass Manufacturers Ltd (AGM) adopted a strategy of
 technology acquisition to ensure its survival and to establish a
 sustainable competitive advantage. By 1935, AGM was largely vertically
 integrated and its core container glass business was an Australian
 monopoly. AGM had also diversified into commercial glass and consumer
 goods production and was Australia's first manufacturer of flat glass. The
 analysis adopts the framework of the new institutional theory of the firm
 and focuses on the sourcing, assessing and securing of appropriate
 technologies. It is argued that operationalising the strategy crucially
 depended on developing managerial and technical know-how. It required the
 development of specialised teams and new effective precedents, and
 involved an extended period of learning by doing. AGM also comprises a
 limiting case for the historiographical stereotype of Australian
 manufacturing firms as inward looking and largely reliant on British
 technology in the inter-war period. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 89-108 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000268 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000268 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:89-108




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Diane Hutchinson 
Author-X-Name-First: Diane 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hutchinson 
Title: The Transformation of Boral: From Dependent, Specialist Bitumen Refiner to Major Building Products Manufacturer 
Abstract:
  This essay explores the route by which Boral transformed itself from
 being a small firm operating in a niche within the petroleum industry to
 its current position as one of the largest manufacturers of building
 products in Australia. Boral's exit from the oil industry was largely
 influenced by the declining attractiveness of that market as a result of a
 more competitive environment. The direction of its subsequent voyage
 across industry and market boundaries was set by the exploitation of firm
 specific knowledge and competencies. Boral's bold leaps into apparently
 unrelated new industries represented the transfer of a core set of
 capabilities into new markets. Boral acquired new skills which augmented
 its competencies and it was able to use them to gain a competitive
 advantage in a wide range of related markets. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 109-132 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000269 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000269 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:109-132




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: D. T. Merrett 
Author-X-Name-First: D. T. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Merrett 
Author-Name: Andrew Seltzer 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Seltzer 
Title: Work in the Financial Services Industry and Worker Monitoring: A Study of the Union Bank of Australia in the 1920s 
Abstract:
  This paper explores a part of the systems used by the British-owned Union
 Bank of Australia in managing its labour force in the 1920s. The
 particular concerns addressed here focus on the opportunities presented to
 workers to 'cheat' arising from the nature of the tasks undertaken, which
 meant that both output and effort were difficult to observe, and from the
 large amount of securities and cash in the branch. Workers could behave
 opportunistically. Workers discovered 'cheating' were subject to
 punishments ranging from prosecution in the courts, dismissal, demotion,
 delayed promotion and pay cuts. The Union Bank used a complex
 multi-layered system of checks to monitor the efforts made by workers and
 their honesty in handling cash and securities. The effectiveness of
 monitoring was increased by the organisation of work into small specialist
 departments whose supervisors possessed comprehensive knowledge of the
 tasks carried out by workers and the established norm of work rates. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 133-152 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000270 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000270 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:133-152




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Winstanley 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Winstanley 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 156-157 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000271 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000271 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:156-157




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robin Pearson 
Author-X-Name-First: Robin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 157-158 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000272 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000272 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:157-158




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: R. E. Tyson 
Author-X-Name-First: R. E. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tyson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 158-159 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000273 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000273 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:158-159




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Benson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Benson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 159-160 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000274 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000274 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:159-160




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Ollerenshaw 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ollerenshaw 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 160-161 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000275 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000275 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:160-161




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sally Horrocks 
Author-X-Name-First: Sally 
Author-X-Name-Last: Horrocks 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 161-162 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000276 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000276 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:161-162




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Walton 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Walton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 162-163 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000277 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000277 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:162-163




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew Hilton 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hilton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 164-165 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000278 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000278 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:164-165




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jeffrey Richards 
Author-X-Name-First: Jeffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Richards 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 165-166 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000279 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000279 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:165-166




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Deborah Hodson 
Author-X-Name-First: Deborah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hodson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 166-167 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000280 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000280 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:166-167




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ranald Michie 
Author-X-Name-First: Ranald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Michie 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 167-168 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000281 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000281 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:167-168




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steven Toms 
Author-X-Name-First: Steven 
Author-X-Name-Last: Toms 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 168-169 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000282 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000282 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:168-169




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ann Carlos 
Author-X-Name-First: Ann 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carlos 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 169-170 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000283 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000283 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:169-170




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Perkins 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Perkins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 170-171 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000284 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000284 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:170-171




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 172-172 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000285 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000285 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:172-172




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gerben Bakker 
Author-X-Name-First: Gerben 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bakker 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 172-174 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000286 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000286 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:172-174




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jari Eloranta 
Author-X-Name-First: Jari 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eloranta 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 174-175 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000287 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000287 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:174-175




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Tweedale 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tweedale 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 175-176 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000288 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000288 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:175-176




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Margaret Walsh 
Author-X-Name-First: Margaret 
Author-X-Name-Last: Walsh 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 176-177 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000289 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000289 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:176-177




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Howell John Harris 
Author-X-Name-First: Howell John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harris 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 177-178 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000290 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000290 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:177-178




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Tweedale 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tweedale 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 178-179 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000291 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000291 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:178-179




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Coclanis 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Coclanis 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 179-181 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000292 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000292 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:179-181




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Malcolm Falkus 
Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm 
Author-X-Name-Last: Falkus 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 181-182 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000293 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000293 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:181-182




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janet Hunter 
Author-X-Name-First: Janet 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hunter 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 182-183 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000294 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000294 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:182-183




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 183-184 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000295 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000295 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:183-184




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrea Colli 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colli 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 184-186 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000296 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000296 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:184-186




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robin Pearson 
Author-X-Name-First: Robin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 186-187 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000297 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000297 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:186-187




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juha-Antti Lamborg 
Author-X-Name-First: Juha-Antti 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lamborg 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 187-189 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000298 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000298 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:187-189




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. R. H. Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: S. R. H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 189-190 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000299 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000299 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:3:p:189-190




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Turner 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Turner 
Title: Corporate Strategy or Individual Priority? Land Management, Income and Tenure on Oxbridge Agricultural Land in the Mid-Nineteenth Century 
Abstract:
  This article investigates land management and land income on the Oxbridge
 college agricultural estates in the mid-nineteenth century. It is based on
 parliamentary reports from the University Commissions of 1852, 1852/53 and
 1874, the last of which (the Cleveland Commission) gives full details of
 land revenues and land tenure. Retrospectively, there is considerable
 detail on land management practices in the mid-nineteenth century. The
 main analysis involves the relative corporate and individual behaviour of
 the Oxford colleges relative to the Cambridge colleges, and it suggests
 questions that might be asked regarding land modernisation and management
 practices of institutions in mid-nineteenth-century England in general. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-26 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000300 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000300 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:1-26




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laura Stanciu 
Author-X-Name-First: Laura 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stanciu 
Title: Free-Standing Companies in the Oil Sector in Romania and Poland Before 1948: Typologies and Competencies 
Abstract:
  Recent research on free-standing companies has focused predominantly on
 pre-1914 British-registered businesses. The prevailing view suggests that
 the post-1918 business environment no longer favoured such institutional
 forms and were replaced over time by tighter managerial hierarchies. In
 this article it is argued that free-standing companies of British and
 non-British origin were still active participants in the inter-war period,
 particularly in the oil industry of Poland and Romania. Two case studies
 are developed to illustrate this observation: the British Phoenix Oil &
 Transport Co. and the French Credit Generale des Petroles. This article
 shows how these free-standing companies integrated horizontally and
 vertically and evolved into new organisational structures resembling the
 so-called 'classic' multinational entities. Their viability and success
 over the long run depended on their ability to withstand the unfavourable
 financial conditions of the early 1930s, which in turn was largely shaped
 by country-specific conditions affecting their field of operation. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 27-66 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000301 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000301 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:27-66




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. I. M. Fleming 
Author-X-Name-First: A. I. M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fleming 
Author-Name: S. McKinstry 
Author-X-Name-First: S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: McKinstry 
Author-Name: K. Wallace 
Author-X-Name-First: K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wallace 
Title: The Decline and Fall of the North British Locomotive Company, 1940-62: Technological and Financial Mismanagement or Institutional Failure? 
Abstract:
  This article examines the decline of the North British Locomotive Company
 from 1940 to 1962, When it collapsed. It reveals that major market factors
 over which it had little control had much to do with its failure, and
 that, viewed in context, its strategic decisions were not so flawed as
 were thought at the time of the collapse. The firm was hindered by
 institutional constraints on bank lending, as well as unfortunate
 technological partnerships. The implications of the study for the major
 schools of thought surrounding British economic decline are brought out.
 In general, none of the positions examined fully explain the firm's
 collapse. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 67-90 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000302 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000302 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:67-90




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alan McKinlay 
Author-X-Name-First: Alan 
Author-X-Name-Last: McKinlay 
Author-Name: Helen Mercer 
Author-X-Name-First: Helen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mercer 
Author-Name: Neil Rollings 
Author-X-Name-First: Neil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rollings 
Title: Reluctant Europeans? The Federation of British Industries and European Integration, 1945-63 
Abstract:
  British industry is often portrayed as one of the main forces in favour
 of closer integration with western Europe. In the period prior to the
 rejection of Britain's first application to join the Common Market the
 Federation of British Industries (FBI) played a pivotal role between
 Whitehall and the wider business community. It had a role both in
 policy-making and in creating business opinion. However, this was not a
 static and sustained position: the influence of the leadership of the FBI
 fluctuated in both respects. It is argued that this reflected neither a
 corporatist nor a pluralist model of government-business relations. Rather
 it reflected the interdependencies which existed in this policy network
 and the changing dynamics of these interdependencies. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 91-116 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000303 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000303 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:91-116




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nick Tiratsoo 
Author-X-Name-First: Nick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tiratsoo 
Title: The United States Technical Assistance Programme in Japan, 1955-62 
Abstract:
  In the seven years after 1955, the American government provided Japan
 with a substantial amount of technical assistance. This article examines
 the origins of the US programme, describes its scope and assesses what it
 actually achieved on the ground in Japan. The conclusion offered is that,
 though a few American prescriptions were certainly rejected, the programme
 as a whole had a profound impact on Japanese practices, particularly in
 relation to the vital question of industrial engineering. Indeed, it would
 appear that an understanding of the Japanese economic miracle is
 incomplete unless it takes this fact fully into account. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 117-136 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000304 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000304 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:117-136




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mike Wright 
Author-X-Name-First: Mike 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wright 
Author-Name: Ken Robbie 
Author-X-Name-First: Ken 
Author-X-Name-Last: Robbie 
Author-Name: Brian Chiplin 
Author-X-Name-First: Brian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chiplin 
Author-Name: Mark Albrighton 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Albrighton 
Title: The Development of an Organisational Innovation: Management Buy-Outs in the UK, 1980-97 
Abstract:
  This paper analyses the development of management buy-outs and similar
 transactions as an organisational innovation in the UK. Their development
 is situated in the context of the historical development of organisations
 which has previously emphasised shifts from family capitalism sto
 managerial capitalism and in the context of deregulation and its
 implications. The paper identifies five periods of development, pre-1980,
 1980-84, 1985-89, 1990-94 and 1995 onwards, and shows how the prevalent
 forms of buy-out have changed and adapted across these periods. The paper
 analyses the economic impact of buy-out type organisations in terms of
 financial and ecomomic performance, impact on employment, and the
 longevity of buy-outs as on ownership form. Two particular continuing
 problem areas are identified: pricing of transactions and the role of
 debt. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 137-184 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000305 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000305 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:137-184




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gillian Cookson 
Author-X-Name-First: Gillian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cookson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 185-186 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000306 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000306 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:185-186




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Megan Smitley 
Author-X-Name-First: Megan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smitley 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 186-187 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000307 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000307 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:186-187




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoff Timmins 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoff 
Author-X-Name-Last: Timmins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 188-188 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000308 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000308 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:188-188




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 189-189 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000310 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000310 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:189-189




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Sanderson 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sanderson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 190-191 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000311 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000311 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:190-191




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Chick 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chick 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 191-192 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000312 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000312 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:191-192




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: B. W. E. Alford 
Author-X-Name-First: B. W. E. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alford 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 192-193 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000313 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000313 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:192-193




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Winstanley 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Winstanley 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 193-194 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000314 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000314 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:193-194




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sylvie Schweitzer 
Author-X-Name-First: Sylvie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schweitzer 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 194-195 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000315 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000315 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:194-195




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paloma Fernandez Perez 
Author-X-Name-First: Paloma Fernandez 
Author-X-Name-Last: Perez 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 195-196 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000316 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000316 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:195-196




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Gatrell 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gatrell 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 196-197 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000317 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000317 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:196-197




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: T. Balderston 
Author-X-Name-First: T. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Balderston 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 197-198 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000318 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000318 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:197-198




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: R. J. Overy 
Author-X-Name-First: R. J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Overy 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 198-199 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000319 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000319 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:198-199




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Smith 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 199-200 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000320 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000320 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:199-200




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Gledhill 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gledhill 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 200-202 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000321 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000321 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:200-202




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Channon 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Channon 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 202-203 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000322 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000322 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:202-203




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katrina Honeyman 
Author-X-Name-First: Katrina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Honeyman 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 203-204 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000323 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000323 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:203-204




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Margaret Walsh 
Author-X-Name-First: Margaret 
Author-X-Name-Last: Walsh 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 204-205 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000324 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000324 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:204-205




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Naomi Lamoreaux 
Author-X-Name-First: Naomi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lamoreaux 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 205-207 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000325 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000325 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:205-207




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Campbell-Kelly 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Campbell-Kelly 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 208-208 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000326 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000326 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:208-208




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Augustus Veenendaal 
Author-X-Name-First: Augustus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Veenendaal 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 209-209 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000327 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000327 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:209-209




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew Hilton 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hilton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 209-210 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000328 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000328 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:209-210




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Katzenellenbogen 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Katzenellenbogen 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 210-211 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000329 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000329 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:210-211




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nimi Wariboko 
Author-X-Name-First: Nimi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wariboko 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 212-213 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000330 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000330 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:212-213




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patricia Barton 
Author-X-Name-First: Patricia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barton 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 213-214 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000331 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000331 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:213-214




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pierre Van Der Eng 
Author-X-Name-First: Pierre 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Der Eng 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 214-215 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000332 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000332 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:214-215




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Coclanis 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Coclanis 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 215-217 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000333 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000333 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:215-217




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mansel Blackford 
Author-X-Name-First: Mansel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Blackford 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 217-218 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000334 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000334 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:217-218




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger Lloyd-Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Roger 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lloyd-Jones 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 218-219 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000335 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000335 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:218-219




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Howard Cox 
Author-X-Name-First: Howard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cox 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 219-220 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000336 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000336 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:219-220




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 220-221 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000337 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000337 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:220-221




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gerben Bakker 
Author-X-Name-First: Gerben 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bakker 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 222-223 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000338 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000338 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:222-223




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Brown 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 223-224 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000339 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000339 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:223-224




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Marrison 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marrison 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 224-225 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000340 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000340 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:224-225




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Bowker 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bowker 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 225-226 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000341 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000341 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:225-226




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Rowlinson 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rowlinson 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 226-228 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000342 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000342 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:226-228




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoff Timmins 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoff 
Author-X-Name-Last: Timmins 
Title: Book Reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 187-188 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 42 
Year: 2000 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790000000309 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790000000309 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:42:y:2000:i:4:p:187-188




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Caroline Fohlin 
Author-X-Name-First: Caroline 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fohlin 
Title: The Balancing Act of German Universal Banks and English Deposit Banks, 1880-1913 
Abstract:
  This article uses aggregate bank balance sheet data to investigate
 systematic differences in the financial makeup and activities of universal
 and specialised banks over the decades leading up to World War One. The
 results show that British and German banks structured assets similarly,
 but German banks held more liquid assets relative to short?term
 liabilities. Furthermore, German banks apparently owned few industrial
 equities and did so mainly because of insufficient markets for new issues.
 The findings add to recent work suggesting that the commonly perceived
 gulf between British and German banking exaggerates the differences
 between systems and their effects. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-24 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2001 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999206 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999206 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:43:y:2001:i:1:p:1-24




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: B. Tomka 
Author-X-Name-First: B. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tomka 
Title: Interlocking Directorates of Banks and Industrial Companies in Hungary at the Beginning of the Twentieth Century 
Abstract:
  The article uses new archival research on the Hungarian Commercial Bank
 of Pest and industrial companies to examine the validity of existing
 interpretations of interlocking directorates in Hungarian bank-industry
 relations at the beginning of the twentieth century. The results show that
 interlocking hardly depended on capital relations, which suggests that
 board membership had not only a control or monitoring function. The lack
 of regular capital relations made bank hegemony, or even a significant
 bank influence, not concomitant with interlocking. The Hungarian
 Commercial Bank was not always able to represent its own interests
 effectively, not even in those cases when beside the interlocks the bank
 was a significant owner or creditor of industrial companies. The article
 concludes that a more complex interpretation of interlocking directorships
 in Hungary is essential. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 25-42 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2001 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999208 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999208 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:43:y:2001:i:1:p:25-42




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: P. Hansen 
Author-X-Name-First: P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen 
Title: Bank Regulation in Denmark from 1880 to World War Two: Public Interests and Private Interests 
Abstract:
  This article analyses the bank regulation process in Denmark until the
 passing of the second Bank Act of 1930. It is demonstrated that the
 regulatory initiatives were the results of banking crises and that the
 explicit rationale for regulation was an attempt to avoid future banking
 crises i.e. to secure financial stability. However, even though the public
 interest was at the centre of the argument, private interests also
 affected the outcome of the regulatory process, and to a certain degree
 there was no conflict between public and private interests. The main
 private interests were the commercial banks and the savings banks,
 respectively, and it is shown that the savings banks held a strong
 position in Parliament, which enabled them to fend of proposed
 restrictions affecting their business. Thus, the competition between the
 savings banks and the commercial banks influenced Danish bank regulation
 to a considerable degree which meant that both private and public
 interests were important in determining the outcome. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 43-68 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2001 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999204 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999204 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:43:y:2001:i:1:p:43-68




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Kipping 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kipping 
Author-Name: R. Ranieri 
Author-X-Name-First: R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ranieri 
Author-Name: J. Dankers 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dankers 
Title: The Emergence of New Competitor Nations in the European Steel Industry: Italy and the Netherlands, 1945-65 
Abstract:
  This article examines the emergence of Italy and the Netherlands as new
 competitors in the European steel industry after the Second World War and
 compares it to similar developments in other parts of the world. It
 examines the factors which made it possible for these two countries to
 challenge some of the more established producing nations, despite a lack
 of natural resource endowments. The in-depth analysis highlights, on the
 one hand, the role of historical contingencies, namely the temporary
 absence of German competition and the availability of American technology
 and funding as part of the Marshall Plan during the first post-war decade.
 But on the other hand it also stresses the crucial contribution of other,
 more timeless elements, namely a visionary leadership, which made the
 right choices in terms of investments, the (coastal) location of
 production as well as user orientation; and the supportive, but not
 intrusive support from the respective governments. As recent research has
 shown, similar combinations also explain the success of the Japanese and
 South Korean steel industries, while they were largely absent for example
 in the British case. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 69-96 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2001 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999209 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999209 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:43:y:2001:i:1:p:69-96




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. Broadberry 
Author-X-Name-First: S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Broadberry 
Author-Name: N. Crafts 
Author-X-Name-First: N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Crafts 
Title: Competition and Innovation in 1950s Britain 
Abstract:
  We find little support for the Schumpeterian hypothesis of a positive
 relationship between market power and innovation in 1950's Britain even
 though many economists and policymakers accepted it at the time.
 Price-fixing agreements were very widespread prior to the 1956 Restrictive
 Practices Act and they seem to have had adverse effects on costs and
 productivity. Competition policy appears to have been much too lenient but
 the productivity problems of British industry at this time are best viewed
 as arising largely from the difficulties of reaping the benefits of
 innovation rather than from a failure to innovate per se. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 97-118 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2001 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999207 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999207 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:43:y:2001:i:1:p:97-118




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: K. Honeyman 
Author-X-Name-First: K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Honeyman 
Title: Review article - Engendering Enterprise 
Abstract:
  MARY A. YEAGER (ed.), Women in Business (Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 1999.
 3 Volumes, ISBN 1 85278 811 9, &#xa3;365). 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 119-126 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2001 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999205 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999205 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:43:y:2001:i:1:p:119-126




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Rose 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rose 
Title: Book reviews & books received 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 127-175 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2001 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999212 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999212 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:43:y:2001:i:1:p:127-175




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Wale 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wale 
Title: Survey article - British Business History: A Review of the Periodical Literature for 1999 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-18 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2001 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999217 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999217 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:43:y:2001:i:2:p:1-18




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Forbes Munro 
Author-X-Name-First: Forbes 
Author-X-Name-Last: Munro 
Author-Name: Tony Slaven 
Author-X-Name-First: Tony 
Author-X-Name-Last: Slaven 
Title: Networks and Markets in Clyde Shipping: The Donaldsons and the Hogarths, 1870-1939 
Abstract:
  This article examines the relationship between markets for shipping
 services on the one hand and networking organisation and behaviour on the
 other. It focuses on two Glasgow-based groups - one, the Donaldson Group,
 engaged in liner trades and the other, the Hogarth Group, engaged
 principally in tramp ship trades - which are representative of Clyde
 shipping as a whole. Public sources and company records are used to
 explore the ideas and arguments advanced by Gordon Boyce about the
 significance of networking for shipping firms, and the conclusion is drawn
 concludes that these need to be extended and modified in certain ways - in
 particular, to refine the analytical distinction between local level and
 inter-organisational networks, to recognise the possibility of longer-term
 decay in network arrangements, and to account for a greater reliance on
 network organisation by liner than tramp ship owners and managers. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 19-50 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2001 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999219 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999219 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:43:y:2001:i:2:p:19-50




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: K. Y. Chan 
Author-X-Name-First: K. Y. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chan 
Title: A Turning Point in China's Comprador System: Kma's Changing Marketing Structure in the Lower Yangzi Region, 1912-25 
Abstract:
  This article re-examines the role of the comprador through a case study
 of the Kailan Mining Administration (KMA) in the Lower Yangzi region,
 1912-25. It shows that a comprador was important to the foreign firm as he
 guaranteed business transactions between customers and his principal. In
 the process, compradorship essentially became a business without defined
 property rights. For the comprador system to reach a turning point, as the
 case of KMA shows, required a fundamental institutional change from a
 position of non-commitment to the Chinese market to a policy of direct
 investment in terms of marketing structure, personnel and facilities. In
 the course of these developments, the property rights and liabilities of
 all parties concerned were to be defined. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 51-72 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2001 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999222 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999222 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:43:y:2001:i:2:p:51-72




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: P. Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Title: Industrial Estates and British Industrial Development, 1897-1939 
Abstract:
  This article examines the role of pre-1939 British industrial estates in
 facilitating the growth, and influencing the location, of manufacturing
 firms. Highly concentrated in outer-London and the South-East, and
 strongly associated with the 'new industries' of the 'Second Industrial
 Revolution', industrial estates rapidly expanded to accommodate plants
 employing around 285,000 people by 1939. They are shown to have provided a
 number of important advantages to manufacturers, which fostered external
 economies of scale, reduced production costs, and accelerated growth. An
 analysis of the national growth of estate facilities and their employment
 is provided, together with an assessment of their contribution to
 industrial development in the South-East over the period 1932-38. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 73-98 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2001 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999223 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999223 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:43:y:2001:i:2:p:73-98




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: B. Usdiken 
Author-X-Name-First: B. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Usdiken 
Author-Name: D. Cetin 
Author-X-Name-First: D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cetin 
Title: From Betriebswirtschaftslehre to Human Relations: Turkish Management Literature before and after the Second World War 
Abstract:
  This article examines Turkish management literature from its beginnings
 in the mid-1930s up to the mid-1960s. The study traces and explores the
 impact of economic and political as well as institutional developments on
 the extent and changes in the reception that different management
 approaches have enjoyed in this formative period. Investigation of the
 management literature produced over the course of the 30-year time span
 shows that the business economics perspective that dominated pioneering
 work gave way after early 1950s to a Fayolist management process approach
 coupled with a human relations orientation. Taylorism attracted limited
 attention throughout the entire period. The article attempts to show that
 these findings can be traced to the shift from links with Germany and the
 German literature in early years to a strong American influence after the
 Second World War. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 99-124 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2001 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999221 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999221 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:43:y:2001:i:2:p:99-124




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Rose 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rose 
Title: Book reviews & books received 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 125-177 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2001 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999220 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999220 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:43:y:2001:i:2:p:125-177




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robin Mackie 
Author-X-Name-First: Robin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mackie 
Title: Family Ownership and Business Survival: Kirkcaldy, 1870-1970 
Abstract:
  This article uses a study of industrial firms in the Scottish burgh of
 Kirkcaldy to demonstrate high and rising survival rates among family firms
 during the first half of the twentieth century. Survival rates, however,
 were not constant and trends are linked to the evolving relationship
 between family and firm. In particular, it is argued that the adoption of
 limited liability increased the chances of firm survival, but also altered
 the character of family-owned firms. Finally, the article considers the
 reasons for a rise in exits in the 1950s and 1960s. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-32 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2001 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999227 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999227 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:43:y:2001:i:3:p:1-32




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Reinarz 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Reinarz 
Title: 'Fit for Management': Premium Apprenticeships and the English Brewing Industry, 1870-1914 
Abstract:
  This article examines apprenticeship at a single English brewery, Flower
 & Sons of Stratford-upon-Avon, between 1870 and 1914, years that witnessed
 great advances in the science of brewing. While the institution of
 apprenticeship was generally on the decline as a method of training in
 these years, the detailed records of a particular provincial firm
 demonstrate its ability to adapt and survive during a period of change,
 while documenting the experiences of what may be described as some of the
 late nineteenth century's more fortunate pupils. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 33-53 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2001 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999232 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999232 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:43:y:2001:i:3:p:33-53




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. Bowden 
Author-X-Name-First: S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bowden 
Author-Name: J. Foreman-Peck 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Foreman-Peck 
Author-Name: T. Richardson 
Author-X-Name-First: T. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Richardson 
Title: The Post-war Productivity Failure: Insights from Oxford (Cowley) 
Abstract:
  In the story of Britain's post-war economic 'slippage', the British motor
 industry plays a special role. The downfall was so complete and expensive
 that commentators have vied with each other in condemning every aspect of
 management responsible for the industry. Rather than reiterating the fact
 of failure, the present paper adds structure with evidence to the
 explanation of management shortcomings. It details the 'how' and 'why', in
 labour and capital markets. New primary source material is presented in a
 coherent theoretical framework that explains precisely what was wrong with
 the piece-rate payment system and how it could have been remedied. The
 paper goes on to explain the inadequacies of the corporate governance
 mechanism that allowed this fundamental deficiency to persist, using
 material from the shareholders' register and interviews. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 54-78 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2001 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999230 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999230 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:43:y:2001:i:3:p:54-78




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Boldt-Christmas 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boldt-Christmas 
Author-Name: S. F. Jacobsen 
Author-X-Name-First: S. F. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jacobsen 
Author-Name: A. Tschoegl 
Author-X-Name-First: A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tschoegl 
Title: The International Expansion of the Norwegian Banks 
Abstract:
  We discuss the expansion of Norwegian banks abroad in the post-Second
 World War era. The Norwegian case gives us an opportunity to examine the
 determinants of the strategies that banks from a small country have
 followed in their international expansion. At least two issues emerge as
 important. The first issue is the role of regulation as goad and handicap
 to internationalisation. The second issue is the role of competition and
 co-operation (including joint ventures) between banks. Both regulation and
 competition and co-operation influenced when, where, how and why the
 Norwegian banks expanded abroad. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 79-104 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2001 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999226 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999226 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:43:y:2001:i:3:p:79-104




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: D. Jeremy 
Author-X-Name-First: D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jeremy 
Author-Name: D. Farnie 
Author-X-Name-First: D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Farnie 
Title: Debate - The Ranking of Firms, the Counting of Employees, and the Classification of Data: A Cautionary Not 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 105-118 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2001 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999228 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999228 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:43:y:2001:i:3:p:105-118




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: P. Wardley 
Author-X-Name-First: P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wardley 
Title: Debate - On the Ranking of Firms: A Response to Jeremy and Farnie 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 119-134 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2001 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999229 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999229 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:43:y:2001:i:3:p:119-134




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Rose 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rose 
Title: Book reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 135-176 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2001 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999231 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999231 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:43:y:2001:i:3:p:135-176




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Rose 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rose 
Title: Books Received & End Matter 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 177-182 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2001 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999225 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999225 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:43:y:2001:i:3:p:177-182




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Collins 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Collins 
Author-Name: Mae Baker 
Author-X-Name-First: Mae 
Author-X-Name-Last: Baker 
Title: Sectoral Differences in English Bank Asset Structures and the Impact of Mergers, 1860-1913 
Abstract:
  This article presents new, half-yearly time series on commercial bank
 asset ratios, broken down by types of commercial bank, 1860-1913. The new
 estimates highlight the degree of heterogeneity present in bank asset
 structures and they reveal differences in both trends and short-term
 movements in the asset ratios across different types of bank. The
 significance of these findings on the heterogeneity of commercial bank
 balance sheets derives from the fact that, over time, the London banks
 became more significant (and the provincial less so) as a consequence of
 bank mergers and sharply increased market concentration. The role of
 mergers in this process is examined directly in the article by comparing
 the balance sheet composition of a sample of both predator and prey banks
 around the time of merger. The findings have implications for the
 interpretation of the role of commercial banks in economic development in
 the period. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-28 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2001 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999245 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999245 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:43:y:2001:i:4:p:1-28




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: B. Cannon 
Author-X-Name-First: B. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cannon 
Title: Mortgage Banking Strategies in Egypt, 1880-1914: Credit Foncier Egyptien Investment and Local Borrowing 
Abstract:
  Foreign capital behind the Credit Foncier Egyptien (CFE) clearly
 dominated Egypt's inter-war mortgage market. Between its beginnings in
 1880 and 1900, however, the bank faced serious difficulties, caused by
 over-investment in foreclosed lands that had to be sold at a loss in a
 depressed real estate market. This article traces several financial
 devices used by CFE to 'camouflage' its weaknesses, thus assuring that it
 could still attract foreign investors in bonds - borrowed money that was
 its only source for future lending capital. When the land market revived
 in the late 1890s, it had clearly shifted its mortgage lending strategy.
 The bank now preferred working with Egypt's bigger borrowers, some of whom
 used land as collateral for loans to diversify their own investments. It
 also worked to bring heavily mortgaged khedivial ('royal') estates onto
 the private land market after 1905. This not only assured the solidity of
 its accounts when the next slump hit; it established its reputation as the
 ally of the privileged landed class of Egypt. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 29-47 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2001 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999238 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999238 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:43:y:2001:i:4:p:29-47




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. de Oliveira Birchal 
Author-X-Name-First: S. de Oliveira 
Author-X-Name-Last: Birchal 
Title: The Transfer of Technology to Latecomer Economies in the Nineteenth Century: The Case of Minas Gerais, Brazil 
Abstract:
  This article examines the process of the transfer of technology in
 nineteenth century Minas Gerais, Brazil. It discusses the dependence of
 various firms on foreign technical knowledge and the limits to the
 development of an indigenous technology during this period. As local
 production of technical knowledge was virtually non-existent, most
 industries in nineteenth century Minas Gerais relied on foreign
 technology. Among the industries investigated three, the textile,
 electricity generating and transport industries, relied exclusively on
 foreign technology. The only industry to employ an indigenous technology
 was the iron industry. Nevertheless, its development was limited by the
 deficiencies of such indigenous technology. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 48-67 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2001 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999241 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999241 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:43:y:2001:i:4:p:48-67




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. Grunbacher 
Author-X-Name-First: A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grunbacher 
Title: The Early Years of a German Institution: The Kreditanstalt fur Wiederaufbau in the 1950s 
Abstract:
  The Kreditanstalt fur Wiederaufbau (KfW) originated from a disagreement
 between the British and the Americans on banking policy in occupied
 Germany and a change in US occupation policy in early 1948. The German
 administration took the opportunity to create a unique institution to
 support the reconstruction process. Drawing on the Marshall Plan
 counterpart funds, the KfW provided otherwise unobtainable long-term
 investment finance for the economy. Since these funds were given in
 consultation with and on the request of the government, the KfW provided
 more than investment finance for bottleneck sectors, it conducted
 Wirtschaftslenkung. This was highly important to sustain the neo-liberal
 experiment in West Germany and aided certain political objectives of the
 Adenauer government at the same time. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 68-86 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2001 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999240 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999240 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:43:y:2001:i:4:p:68-86




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: B. Cheffins 
Author-X-Name-First: B. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheffins 
Title: History and the Global Corporate Governance Revolution: The UK Perspective 
Abstract:
  Market forces are allegedly serving to destabilise traditional business
 structures and cause some form of convergence along US lines. Consistent
 with an emerging trend in the literature, this article examines the
 convergence trend from an historical perspective. The focus is on Britain,
 since it is the only major industrial nation that has undertaken the
 journey upon which other countries may be embarking. While contemporary
 developments suggest that Britain's failure to adopt US-style managerial
 structures more quickly may have contributed to the UK's economic
 'decline', this inference should be drawn with caution. The evolution of
 corporate governance in Britain indicates that various factors that have
 been identified as preconditions for the emergence of the 'Anglo-American'
 system of corporate governance are probably not decisive variables. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 87-118 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2001 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999243 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999243 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:43:y:2001:i:4:p:87-118




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Rose 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rose 
Title: Book reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 119-165 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2001 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999244 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999244 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:43:y:2001:i:4:p:119-165




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Rose 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rose 
Title: Books Received 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 166-168 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 43 
Year: 2001 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999239 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999239 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:43:y:2001:i:4:p:166-168




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Booker 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Booker 
Author-Name: Russell Craig 
Author-X-Name-First: Russell 
Author-X-Name-Last: Craig 
Title: Balancing Debt in the Absence of Money: Documentary Credit in New South Wales, 1817-20 
Abstract:
  This article analyses three sources of financial data recording details
 of bills of exchange and promissory note transactions in the New South
 Wales (NSW) colony, 1817-20. These sources are the minute books and the
 customer accounts ledger of the Bank of NSW, and the records of the
 Supreme Court of Civil Jurisdiction, Sydney. We show how documentary
 credit was employed to balance debt in a currency-deprived colonial
 society. The analytical perspective is microeconomic, using the lens
 provided by the transactions of the convicted Margate embezzler and Sydney
 dealer, John Croaker. An eight-step protocol is introduced to show how to
 calculate conservative money-denominated estimates of turnover and
 'profit' for traders in the colony. This protocol has potential to provide
 important commercially related dimensions to the biographical profiles of
 dealers, traders and merchants - not only in NSW, but in similar societies
 as well. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-20 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2002 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999258 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999258 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:44:y:2002:i:1:p:1-20




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. Owens 
Author-X-Name-First: A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Owens 
Title: Inheritance and the Life-Cycle of Family Firms in the Early Industrial Revolution 
Abstract:
  This article examines the impact of businessmen and businesswomen's
 inheritance strategies on the life-cycle of family firms in the early
 industrial revolution. Focusing on three key occupational groups - cotton
 manufacturers, tailors and drapers and publicans and brewers - in the
 industrialising town of Stockport over the first half of the nineteenth
 century, it demonstrates that inheritance was an important reason why many
 firms were 'closed'. Businesses were terminated to fund family provision
 strategies and to provide offspring with alienable legacies. It is
 suggested that such strategies led to both the recycling and eventual
 widening of business capital. More broadly, the article calls for business
 historians to assess and evaluate the strategies of small firms within the
 context of family ambitions and priorities, rather than against more
 abstract, economistic and potentially anachronistic notions of business
 performance. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 21-46 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2002 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999259 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999259 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:44:y:2002:i:1:p:21-46




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Benson 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Benson 
Title: Coalowners, Coalminers and Compulsion: Pit Clubs in England, 1860-80 
Abstract:
  It is suggested that, insofar as coalowner stereotyping rests upon the
 denigration of pit clubs, it stands in need of substantial modification.
 It is true that many coalowners organised pit clubs for their own
 purposes, and that the assistance they provided was seriously and
 sometimes scandalously deficient. However, it is shown that many owners
 offered their pit clubs significant financial support, and that the clubs
 provided their members with benefits in a form, and on a scale, which both
 contributed towards the relief of coalfield suffering and compared well
 with the assistance provided by the other agencies to which coalminers and
 their dependants had access. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 47-60 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2002 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999261 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999261 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:44:y:2002:i:1:p:47-60




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Cuevas 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cuevas 
Title: Banking Growth and Industry Financing in Spain during the Nineteenth Century 
Abstract:
  This article analyses, from a micro-regional perspective, the origins of
 the Spanish financial system during the early stages of industrial change
 in the nineteenth century. Alcoi, one of the largest industrial districts
 in Valencia, which specialised in woollen production, is used as a case
 study for understanding the relationship between industrial growth and the
 financial system. The goal of this article is to show how the late
 emergence of a modern bank system, represented by the joint-stock banks,
 was offset by the prevalence of informal and local credit markets during
 much of the period up to 1914. Three main insights are offered. First,
 this article shows the great value of trust and personal knowledge among
 agents acting in local networks. Secondly, it analyses the main financial
 mechanisms used by the firms, which were usually family firms, such as
 private credit, trade credit and the reinvestment of profits. Finally, it
 highlights the rise of family bankers and their role in financing industry
 in the region. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 61-94 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2002 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999256 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999256 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:44:y:2002:i:1:p:61-94




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: O. Westall 
Author-X-Name-First: O. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Westall 
Title: Review article - The History of Insurance 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 95-98 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2002 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999254 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999254 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:44:y:2002:i:1:p:95-98




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: P. Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Title: Book reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 99-145 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2002 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999253 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999253 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:44:y:2002:i:1:p:99-145




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Atkin 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Atkin 
Title: Book Received and Notes for Contributors 
Abstract:
  The following books have been received for review. Appearance in this
 review does not preclude review in a subsequent issue. Anyone wishing to
 act as a reviewer of any of the books should contact Jonathan Atkins, Book
 Reviews Editor, Journal of Development Studies, School of Economic
 Studies, University of Hull, HU6 7RX, UK. E-mail:
 J.P.Atkins@econ.hull.ac.uk. Fax: +44 (0)1482 466216. The Book Reviews
 Editor also welcomes expressions of interest in forthcoming books or books
 which have been published and not received by the Journal. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 146-148 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2002 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999260 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999260 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:44:y:2002:i:1:p:146-148




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. Toms 
Author-X-Name-First: S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Toms 
Title: Survey article - British Business History: A Review of the Periodical Literature for 2000 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-18 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2002 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999273 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999273 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:44:y:2002:i:2:p:1-18




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Popp 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Popp 
Title: Barriers to Innovation in Marketing in the Mid-Nineteenth Century: Merchant-Manufacturer Relationships 
Abstract:
  This article uses new archival material from the North Staffordshire
 pottery industry to examine the process of transition from one
 institutional mode to another in marketing and distribution in the
 mid-nineteenth century. Drawing on detailed evidence of relationships
 between the manufacturing firm of Cork, Edge & Malkin and British and
 overseas merchants, it is demonstrated that the mercantile system did
 offer manufacturers low transaction costs in export markets. However, it
 is argued that high information costs were a more potent constraint on
 institutional innovation than was the disincentive of low transaction
 costs. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 19-39 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2002 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999265 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999265 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:44:y:2002:i:2:p:19-39




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: I. Minoglou 
Author-X-Name-First: I. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Minoglou 
Title: Between Informal Networks and Formal Contracts: International Investment in Greece during the 1920s 
Abstract:
  This article examines network arrangements in the cross-border transfer
 of capital into Greece, a heavy international borrower between 1879 and
 1932. The central argument is that while in the nineteenth century
 informal collaborative arrangements, with the Greek Diaspora playing the
 cohesive role, were particularly obvious in the cross border transfer of
 capital into Greece, in the 1920s there was a shift from more or less
 informal 'partnerships' to formal contracts. An example of this attempt at
 formalisation was the setting up of four entities/firms whose main
 objective was to raise the capital for a specific investment in Greece.
 This article examines these four entities, all of which were established
 in London - Britain at the time being Greece's main creditor. It is shown
 that these Anglo-Hellenic entities had on the whole become shell companies
 by the mid-1930s - in large part because they depended on the
 'presumption' that the old informal network arrangements would still
 function to mitigate post-contractual opportunism - which did not hold ex
 post. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 40-64 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2002 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999269 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999269 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:44:y:2002:i:2:p:40-64




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: D. Merrett 
Author-X-Name-First: D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Merrett 
Title: Australian Firms Abroad before 1970: Why So Few, Why Those, and Why There? 
Abstract:
  This article draws on the FDI literature to theorise about the likelihood
 that firms based in a small, highly protectionist and commodity exporting
 economy located in the south-west Pacific might become multinationals
 before 1970. It is argued that the scale, structure and geographic
 isolation of the Australian economy mitigated against large outflows of
 FDI relative to domestic investments and to GDP. While this contention
 holds at the macro level, hundreds of firms from the resources, services
 and manufacturing sectors have been identified as being multinationals.
 For the most part, their overseas investments were peripheral adjuncts to
 domestic business. Moreover, the overwhelming bulk of investment was
 concentrated in countries immediately adjacent to Australia, particularly
 New Zealand. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 65-87 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2002 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999270 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999270 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:44:y:2002:i:2:p:65-87




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. Knutsen 
Author-X-Name-First: S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Knutsen 
Author-Name: E. Lie 
Author-X-Name-First: E. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lie 
Title: Financial Fragility, Growth Strategies and Banking Failures: The Major Norwegian Banks and the Banking Crisis, 1987-92 
Abstract:
  Norwegian financial institutions experienced a severe banking crisis in
 the late 1980s and early 1990s. This article examines the development of
 the two largest Norwegian banks before and during the crisis within a
 financial fragility approach. Deregulation of the markets for credits and
 lax monetary policy triggered a rapid growth of lending from Norwegian
 banks in the mid-1980s. Systemic risk was dramatically increased by
 changes in mentality and strategies in the largest banks. During the
 banks' expansion, a fragile debt burden was built up and systems of
 steering and control were given a lower priority. The mechanisms in the
 process of growths and failure of the two major Norwegian banks indicate
 that sudden institutional change triggered by the liberalisation of
 financial markets as well as organisational factors should be emphasised
 when explaining the crisis. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 88-111 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2002 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999267 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999267 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: P. Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Title: Book reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 112-163 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2002 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999272 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999272 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:44:y:2002:i:2:p:112-163




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: P. Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Title: Books Received 
Abstract:
  The following books have been received for review. Appearance in this
 review does not preclude review in a subsequent issue. Anyone wishing to
 act as a reviewer of any of the books should contact Jonathan Atkins, Book
 Reviews Editor, Journal of Development Studies, School of Economic
 Studies, University of Hull, HU6 7RX, UK. E-mail:
 J.P.Atkins@econ.hull.ac.uk. Fax: +44 (0)1482 466216. The Book Reviews
 Editor also welcomes expressions of interest in forthcoming books or books
 which have been published and not received by the Journal. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 164-164 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2002 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999271 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999271 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:44:y:2002:i:2:p:164-164




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Teresa da Silva Lopes 
Author-X-Name-First: Teresa da Silva 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lopes 
Title: Brands and the Evolution of Multinationals in Alcoholic Beverages 
Abstract:
  Brands have played a critical role in the evolution of multinationals in
 alcoholic beverages. As this article shows, brands often determined the
 nature and scope of mergers and acquisitions in this industry and so help
 explain the successive merger waves that have transformed it since the
 1960s. The firms that became truly global were primarily those that
 developed a portfolio of successful brands recognised in many countries.
 By acquiring and repositioning such brands, firms were able to respond to
 changes in consumption, competition and regulation, to move from familiar
 to geographically and culturally distant markets, and thereby to achieve
 continuous growth and long-term survival. Standard accounts of growth and
 internationalisation tend to give primacy to investments in science and
 technology. By looking at brands, this article shows how other kinds of
 knowledge - in this case the marketing knowledge inherent in brand
 management - are fundamental in explaining the evolution of firms in
 industries like alcoholic beverages where technology is not a major input. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-30 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2002 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999275 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999275 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sue Bowden 
Author-X-Name-First: Sue 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bowden 
Title: Ownership Responsibilities and Corporate Governance: The Crisis at Rolls Royce, 1968-71 
Abstract:
  Despite the wealth of primary materials available and the insights which
 business historians can make to our understanding of corporate governance,
 applied work on the operation of internal and external mechanisms of
 corporate governance is sorely missing in the literature. This article
 attempts to address that omission. Theoretical insights on ownership
 behaviour are used to assess how owners behave in practice using
 previously un-utilised source materials relating to the crisis at Rolls
 Royce. We find standard theoretical approaches to ownership behaviour to
 be sorely lacking. We find, instead, that the key players were the
 merchant banks. We also find perceptions of government policy to be an
 important explanatory factor behind the behaviour of owners and managers,
 and, as such, suggest that this event in business history is important not
 only in its own right but in determining future corporate governance in
 this country. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 31-62 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2002 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999276 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999276 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:44:y:2002:i:3:p:31-62




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hugo van Driel 
Author-X-Name-First: Hugo 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Driel 
Title: Innovation and Integration in Mineral Bulk Handling in the Port of Rotterdam, 1886-1923 
Abstract:
  Between around 1885 and 1920 the handling of mineral bulk cargo in the
 port of Rotterdam was mechanised by a series of innovations. During this
 process, the identity of the main innovators shifted from the local
 government and integrated or integrating trading and transport firms to
 stand-alone service providers, the so-called stevedoring firms. In order
 to understand this pattern, a framework of the functional sources of
 innovation is related to insights into the relation between innovation and
 integration. The issue of the appropriability of the gains of innovation,
 the need for co-ordination, and the levels of risk and uncertainty are the
 keywords in these general explanations of the identity of innovators and
 integration patterns in innovation. The conclusion is that the effects of
 appropriability on the one hand and risk and uncertainty on the other can
 very well explain the innovation patterns in the Rotterdam case when they
 are considered in an integrative manner. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 63-90 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2002 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999279 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999279 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:44:y:2002:i:3:p:63-90




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steve Toms 
Author-X-Name-First: Steve 
Author-X-Name-Last: Toms 
Author-Name: Mike Wright 
Author-X-Name-First: Mike 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wright 
Title: Corporate Governance, Strategy and Structure in British Business History, 1950-2000 
Abstract:
  This article examines why British firms adopted diversification
 strategies and multi-divisional structures in the middle of the twentieth
 century and why this strategy and structure was reversed towards the end.
 Corporate governance mechanisms and the impact on information costs of
 such monitoring arrangements are considered in conjunction with strategy
 and structure to explain these changes. Diversification and
 multi-divisional adoption were associated with ineffective governance,
 poor monitoring and poor performance, whilst refocusing and divestment
 after 1980 were associated with more effective monitoring and improved
 performance. The evidence suggests important relationships between
 governance, strategy and business performance that help explain the
 development of British business institutions in the second half of the
 twentieth century. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 91-124 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2002 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999280 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999280 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:44:y:2002:i:3:p:91-124




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Title: Book reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 125-161 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2002 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999281 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999281 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:44:y:2002:i:3:p:125-161




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Title: Books Received 
Abstract:
  The following books have been received for review. Appearance in this
 review does not preclude review in a subsequent issue. Anyone wishing to
 act as a reviewer of any of the books should contact Jonathan Atkins, Book
 Reviews Editor, Journal of Development Studies, School of Economic
 Studies, University of Hull, HU6 7RX, UK. E-mail:
 J.P.Atkins@econ.hull.ac.uk. Fax: +44 (0)1482 466216. The Book Reviews
 Editor also welcomes expressions of interest in forthcoming books or books
 which have been published and not received by the Journal. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 162-166 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2002 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999277 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999277 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:44:y:2002:i:3:p:162-166




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robin Pearson 
Author-X-Name-First: Robin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson 
Title: Mutuality Tested: The Rise and Fall of Mutual Fire Insurance Offices in Eighteenth-Century London 
Abstract:
  There is now a considerable body of theoretical literature on the
 comparative efficiencies of mutual and stock forms of corporate
 organisation in financial services. However this question has received
 comparatively little attention from business historians. This article
 examines the factors behind the dramatic rise and fall of three large
 mutual fire insurance offices in Georgian London, addressing issues of
 their financial structure, organisation and governance, in the context of
 modern theories of mutual formation. It is concluded that changing levels
 of aggregate uncertainty in the market - rather than internal agency
 conflicts - provide the best explanation for the early success and
 subsequent failure of these financial institutions. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-28 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2002 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999283 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999283 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:44:y:2002:i:4:p:1-28




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. V. Olivares 
Author-X-Name-First: J. V. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Olivares 
Author-Name: P. P. Ortunez 
Author-X-Name-First: P. P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ortunez 
Title: The Internationalisation of Ownership of the Spanish Railway Companies, 1858-1936 
Abstract:
  This article examines the ownership structure and management of the
 Compania de los Ferrocarriles del Norte de Espana (Norte) and the Madrid
 to Zaragoza & Alicante Railway Company (MZA), the two most important
 railway companies in Spain between 1858 and 1941, when the network was
 nationalised. When the companies were established, the majority of the
 shareholders were French. From the end of the nineteenth century, Spanish
 investors had begun to buy equity, and by 1924 Spanish banks could finally
 exert control over Norte, but the French Rothschild family retained
 control of MZA. During this period the Spanish state also started to
 intervene in the railway system and in the leading railway companies. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 29-54 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2002 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999284 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999284 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:44:y:2002:i:4:p:29-54




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: F. de Goey 
Author-X-Name-First: F. 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Goey 
Title: Henri Deterding, Royal Dutch/Shell and the Dutch Market for Petrol, 1902-46 
Abstract:
  In 1997, four oil companies dominated the Dutch market for petrol: Shell,
 Esso, Texaco and Mobil/BP (which includes Aral and Elf). Their market
 share of 74 per cent is considered very high by European standards. The
 largest oil company, Shell, had a market share of 31 per cent in 1995.
 This is much higher than in any other European country. The article
 addresses the following questions. How did Royal Dutch/Shell organise its
 petrol distribution? Why did the company reorganise it three times between
 1902 and 1946? How was the company able to obtain, and retain, such a
 large share of the Dutch market? During four successive phases, Royal
 Dutch/Shell gained complete control of petrol sales in the Netherlands. At
 first, agents were used, but in 1925 Shell established it own sales
 organisation. Internal (efficiency, economies of scale) and external
 pressures (competition, technological developments, increasing
 consumption) forced the company to reorganise its distribution system.
 Price agreements with its major competitors and governmental policies (the
 construction of highways after 1927) permitted Royal Dutch/Shell to gain
 and maintain a dominant share on the petrol market. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 55-84 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2002 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999290 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999290 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:44:y:2002:i:4:p:55-84




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: G. Boyce 
Author-X-Name-First: G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boyce 
Author-Name: L. Lepper 
Author-X-Name-First: L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lepper 
Title: Assessing Information Quality Theories: The USS Joint Venture with William Holyman & Sons and Huddart Parker Ltd, 1904-35 
Abstract:
  Scholars concerned with an information-based view of an economy make an
 implicit assumption that firm efficiencies are based on information of
 good quality. In this firm-specific study an explanation of the importance
 of information quality is given by utilising and extending Casson's
 diagrammatic methodology for representing information flows. This has been
 done by measuring aspects of the information flows through Wm. Holyman &
 Sons Ltd and Holymans Ltd, for five years during the period 1904 to 1935.
 The shipping firms of Union Steamship Company of New Zealand (USSCo.), Wm.
 Holyman & Sons Ltd (Holyman's), and Huddart Parker Company Ltd (HP) were
 joint-venture partners. A content analysis methodology was applied to the
 Head Office records of USSCo. The results have provided a way of extending
 Casson's diagrammatic methodology and in so doing, added to Casson's own
 contribution to the theory of the firm. The evidence from the archives
 suggests that a high quality of information underpinned the joint venture
 and ensured success for a 75-year period. Furthermore, the research
 findings support the thesis that information of high quality contributes
 in a significant way to firm efficiencies. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 85-120 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2002 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999291 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999291 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:44:y:2002:i:4:p:85-120




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Singleton 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Singleton 
Title: British Engineering and the New Zealand Market, 1945-60 
Abstract:
  Britain's lack-lustre industrial performance after the Second World War
 is seen through the mirror of an important external market, New Zealand.
 The spotlight is on the failure of British exporters of diesel electric
 locomotives and heavy electrical plant to make the most of apparently
 excellent opportunities in New Zealand between 1945 and 1960. British
 firms occupied dominant positions in the relevant segments of the New
 Zealand market in the early post-war period, but frittered their advantage
 away. Development and production expertise was in limited supply, and was
 spread too thinly. Cartel pricing alienated public sector customers in New
 Zealand and encouraged them to give orders to other countries. While these
 are not novel charges to lay against British manufacturers, there is
 considerable value in having them confirmed by evidence from a peripheral
 market that has been relatively neglected by business historians. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 121-140 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2002 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999292 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999292 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:44:y:2002:i:4:p:121-140




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. Booth 
Author-X-Name-First: A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Booth 
Title: Review article - The Economic Development of Modern Japan 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 141-145 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2002 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999288 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999288 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:44:y:2002:i:4:p:141-145




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: P. Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Title: Book reviews 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 146-176 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 44 
Year: 2002 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999289 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999289 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:44:y:2002:i:4:p:146-176




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Church 
Author-X-Name-First: Roy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Church 
Author-Name: Andrew Godley 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Godley 
Title: The Emergence Of Modern Marketing: Internation Dimensions 
Abstract:
  Introduction 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-5 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999301 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999301 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:45:y:2003:i:1:p:1-5




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pamela Pilbeam 
Author-X-Name-First: Pamela 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pilbeam 
Title: Madame Tussaud and the Business of Wax: Marketing to the Middle Classes 
Abstract:
  This essay explores the unique development of the Tussaud Wax Exhibition
 in the first half of the nineteenth century. Madame Tussaud was trained in
 the art and display of wax figures by Philippe Curtius in Paris. In 1802
 she embarked on a wax tour of Britain, and never left. At a personal level
 her odyssey was amazing. When she arrived, in her 40s, she knew no one and
 was alone, apart from her tiny child. She had an interesting collection of
 wax figures, but little money and spoke no English. She ran a travelling
 wax show until 1835, when she settled in London. In her own lifetime her
 Baker Street Exhibition became the leading tourist attraction in the
 capital. This article explains how she was able to capture and hold a
 share of the bourgeois entertainment market and make her wax exhibition a
 'national institution'. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 6-22 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999298 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999298 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:45:y:2003:i:1:p:6-22




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Church 
Author-X-Name-First: Roy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Church 
Author-Name: Christine Clark 
Author-X-Name-First: Christine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clark 
Title: Purposive Strategy or Serendipity? Development and Diversification in Three Consumer Product Companies, 1918-39: J. & J. Colman, Reckitt & Sons, and Lever Bros./Unilever 
Abstract:
  Combining the neo-classical model of imperfect competition approximating
 to the markets in which the three firms competed with the
 resource-oriented and agency concepts of Edith Penrose, this essay
 describes, analyses and compares the evolution of the product development
 policies of three leading British consumer goods companies between the
 world wars. Historical profiles of the size, structural, and
 organisational features, and of the managerial resources within each firm
 are compared, as is the process by which searches were instituted through
 committees charged with the task of product diversification and
 development. An assessment of the progress, outcomes, and relative success
 of such policies reveals the contingent nature of the process. The
 conclusion that serendipity as well as rational purposive strategy
 contributed to the patterns of product diversification offers a novel
 interpretation of one vital but neglected dimension of the business
 process. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 23-59 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999294 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999294 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:45:y:2003:i:1:p:23-59




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sally Clarke 
Author-X-Name-First: Sally 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clarke 
Title: Closing the Deal: Gm's Marketing Dilemma and its Franchised Dealers, 1921-41 
Abstract:
  If marketing enticed consumers into a car dealer's showroom, consumers'
 activities in buying automobiles - trading in their old vehicle, selecting
 new features and frills, and financing their purchases on instalments -
 created sources of tension between buyers and sellers, not only consumers
 and dealers but also dealers and manufacturers. Among automobile
 companies, General Motors led the field in its techniques for marketing
 cars and relying on franchised dealers to sell them. GM's CEO, Alfred P.
 Sloan, Jr., offered a narrative of dealer relations in his classic study,
 My Years with General Motors. Sloan explained his methods for
 systematically evaluating dealers' performance so as to sustain a network
 of healthy retailers as well as the firm's efficiency in co-ordinating
 production with demand. Although Sloan did not point to the conflicts
 between buyers and sellers in market transactions, federal regulators did.
 Their investigations invite an alternative narrative to Sloan's account,
 focusing on how management used their dealer network to cope with the
 tensions inherent in marketing automobiles. This perspective draws our
 attention to the nature of corporate power as seen in the firm's method of
 distribution; the question of distrust in market exchanges; and the role
 of the state in shaping car sales and market transactions. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 60-79 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999304 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999304 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:45:y:2003:i:1:p:60-79




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Godley 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Godley 
Title: Foreign Multinationals and Innovation in British Retailing, 1850-1962 
Abstract:
  This essay draws on the first systematic study of foreign direct
 investment in British retailing up to the 1960s. It shows that while
 foreign multinationals were unimportant in British retailing overall, they
 dominated some retail trades. Moreover, these retail entrants were mostly
 not by retailers but by manufacturers. Their motives varied but were
 mostly seemingly related to their need to control distribution channels
 and build brands. Foreign retailers per se were actually relatively rare
 and mostly unsuccessful. In contrast to British manufacturing, therefore,
 foreign innovations were not by and large introduced into British
 retailing by multinational enterprises. The article then explains why
 these foreign manufacturers of branded consumer goods pursued
 international marketing strategies that involved investing in costly
 retail outlets. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 80-100 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999300 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999300 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:45:y:2003:i:1:p:80-100




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gerben Bakker 
Author-X-Name-First: Gerben 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bakker 
Title: Building Knowledge about the Consumer: The Emergence of Market Research in the Motion Picture Industry 
Abstract:
  The way film companies obtained knowledge about the consumer resembled
 that of fashion industries. Initially, intermediaries analysed sales and
 observed customers while they consumed the service. As the film industry
 developed between the 1890s and the 1940s, however, its gathering of
 information increasingly began to resemble the market research of
 mass-distribution industries. Technological and contractual changes, as
 well as a rise in sunk costs, affected the way market research was done.
 By the late 1930s, film companies' increasing need for market information
 quickly made them adopt the newly available market research techniques.
 This essay traces this evolution showing how market research techniques
 were systematised and developed. The surveys by the British Granada
 Theatres cinema chain stood on the threshold of the era of modern market
 research, while the work of George Gallup's Audience Research of the US
 marked its advent. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 101-127 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999299 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999299 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:45:y:2003:i:1:p:101-127




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hartmut Berghoff 
Author-X-Name-First: Hartmut 
Author-X-Name-Last: Berghoff 
Title: 'Times Change and We Change with Them': The German Advertising Industry in the Third Reich - Between Professional Self-Interest and Political Repression 
Abstract:
  In 1933 the German advertising industry welcomed the Nazi regime because
 it promised to overcome the Great Depression and to improve the trade's
 organisation and social status. Hitler's government immediately subjected
 advertising to comprehensive political regulation, which was not in every
 case efficient or practical. This essay examines the aims and methods of
 the regime's measures and the industry's responses, which alternated
 between opportunism and assertion of its self-interest. Although in the
 years 1933-39 a number of long-standing professional problems were solved,
 the industry incurred a high price, namely the arbitrary intervention of a
 racist and to some extent anti-capitalistic dictatorship chiefly
 interested in preparing and waging war. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 128-147 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999297 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999297 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janet Hunter 
Author-X-Name-First: Janet 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hunter 
Title: Review article - The Economic Development of Modern Japan 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 151-184 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999295 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999295 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:45:y:2003:i:1:p:151-184




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mansel Blackford 
Author-X-Name-First: Mansel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Blackford 
Title: Survey article - British Business History: A Review of the Periodical Literature for 2001 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-14 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790312331270199a 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790312331270199a 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Howard Cox 
Author-X-Name-First: Howard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cox 
Author-Name: Huang Biao 
Author-X-Name-First: Huang 
Author-X-Name-Last: Biao 
Author-Name: Stuart Metcalfe 
Author-X-Name-First: Stuart 
Author-X-Name-Last: Metcalfe 
Title: Compradors, Firm Architecture and the 'Reinvention' of British Trading Companies: John Swire & Sons' Operations in Early Twentieth-Century China 
Abstract:
  This article provides a critical examination of the way in which
 Britain's trading firms coped with radical changes in local business
 conditions. Recent work by Jones has shown that a small number of such
 companies successfully 'reinvented' themselves in the post-war period.
 Using evidence drawn from the archives of one of these firms, John Swire &
 Sons, the article shows that this process of reinvention came about as a
 result of the firm's willingness to experiment with different
 organisational forms over an extended period of time. The Swire case
 suggests that certain trading companies began the process of evolution and
 adaptation long before 1945, reforming their internal and external
 architecture to deal with changing conditions in China, such as the demise
 of the comprador system. However, the network-based culture of these firms
 tended to mean that they did so in a more gradual and piecemeal way
 compared with those modern, managerial firms who had begun to set up
 operations abroad in the early twentieth century. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 15-34 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999308 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999308 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jeff Hornibrook 
Author-X-Name-First: Jeff 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hornibrook 
Title: Riding the Tiger: Merchant-State Alliance in a Coalmine Modernisation Scheme 
Abstract:
  This article examines state-appointed merchants in the late nineteenth
 and early twentieth centuries as they attempted to transform a collection
 of pre-modern coalmines located in Pingxiang County, Jiangxi, China into a
 modern system conducive to Western technology. The organisers of this
 scheme first hired local literati and landed elites to transform their
 coalfields. However, these local gentry lacked the capital required for
 late nineteenth-century industrialisation, and made business decisions
 based on nepotism and parochial interests. Subsequently, outsider
 merchants with state funds and state power were assigned to the county to
 buy up the coalfields and replace them with a unified coalmining system
 that could utilise Western technology for dramatically increased output.
 In so doing, the merchants undermined the power of elite families that had
 previously ruled the region in the interests of the state. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 35-51 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999311 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999311 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:45:y:2003:i:2:p:35-51




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gordon Boyce 
Author-X-Name-First: Gordon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boyce 
Title: Network Knowledge and Network Routines: Negotiating Activities between Shipowners and Shipbuilders 
Abstract:
  This article extends transaction cost economics by looking in detail at
 the sharp edge of exchange processes - negotiating activities. It also
 contributes to the literature exploring the properties of hierarchical
 organisations and networks. The article suggests that networks possess the
 equivalent to organisational knowledge. This 'network knowledge' consists
 of ethical prescriptions which guide behaviour as well as routines that
 are understood and followed by participants. Evidence drawn from
 correspondence and contracts between allied shipowners and shipbuilders
 reveals how they used network knowledge to structure negotiations in order
 to reduce on time-related expenses. In addition, industry-specific
 conventions, local customs, and regulations imposed by official and
 unofficial third parties generated further economies without creating
 rigidity. These findings arise from subjecting firm-level evidence to
 phase analysis. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 52-76 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999312 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999312 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:45:y:2003:i:2:p:52-76




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hugo van Driel 
Author-X-Name-First: Hugo 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Driel 
Title: The Role of Middlemen in the International Coffee Trade since 1870: The Dutch Case 
Abstract:
  The tendency to cut out middlemen (disintermediation) is a common theme
 in the literature. This article focuses on the functions performed by
 middlemen for buyers and sellers. If there are large gaps between the
 conditions of supply and demand, uncertainty for buyers and sellers is
 relatively high. Middlemen are particularly suited to reduce this
 uncertainty by bridging the gaps. Four dimensions are distinguished:
 place, time, quantity, and quality. Except place, the gaps on these
 dimensions have tended to close since the latter part of the nineteenth
 century. The relevance of the multi-dimensional framework for explaining
 the fate of the middlemen in this period was investigated by a study of
 the Dutch coffee traders. The conclusion is that bridging the gaps on the
 dimension of quantity was the crucial function: first and foremost, the
 coffee traders were cut out when they were no longer needed for reaching
 'contactual efficiency'. The closing of gaps on the dimensions of time and
 quality was much less detrimental to the position of these middlemen.
 Until the Second World War, they were able to resist being cut out by
 market regulation agreements. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 77-101 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999313 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999313 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:45:y:2003:i:2:p:77-101




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Title: Book reviews and books received 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 102-140 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999310 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999310 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Susanna Fellman 
Author-X-Name-First: Susanna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fellman 
Title: The Role of Internal Labour Markets and Social Networks in the Recruitment of Top Managers in Finnish Manufacturing Firms, 1900-1975 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-21 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790312331270199b 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790312331270199b 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eric Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Eric 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Title: Review article - The East Asian Miracle 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 119-124 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790312331270259 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790312331270259 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:45:y:2003:i:3:p:119-124




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alfred Reckendrees 
Author-X-Name-First: Alfred 
Author-X-Name-Last: Reckendrees 
Title: From Cartel Regulation to Monopolistic Control? The Founding of the German 'Steel Trust' in 1926 and its Effect on Market Regulation 
Abstract:
  The foundation of the Vereinigte Stahlwerke AG, the merger of four
 leading steel combines, changed the inter-company system of the cartelised
 German steel industry. In 1926, this cartel system was no longer a
 sufficient framework to solve the economic problems of the steel combines.
 Still, merger did not mean 'abandoning cartels' as contemporaries assumed,
 it rather was a strategy to overcome limits of the cartel system. The
 article analyses the founding of the German 'Steel Trust' and examines its
 effects on the cartel system. The new large company utilised the
 institutional arrangements of the cartels, and it reached predominance
 within the oligopoly of steel combines and within the steel cartels. These
 were, as an evaluation of price data indicates, at least until after 1932
 economically not as strong as their steady persistence suggests. At the
 same time, the company prepared itself to live without cartels and
 developed a company structure that allowed for a flexible response to any
 development in the cartels and on the markets. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 22-51 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999324 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999324 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Higgins 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Higgins 
Title: British Manufacturing Financial Performance, 1950-79: Implications for the Productivity Debate and the Post-War Consensus 
Abstract:
  This article applies accounting rates of return (ROCE) to the debate on
 the post-war consensus. Using a sample which contains over 39,000 company
 years divided between 15 manufacturing industries, we examine the speed
 and extent of convergence in ROCE through time, between industries, and
 between firms. We find there is some support for the Broadberry-Crafts
 argument that anti-competitive practices, enshrined in the post-war
 consensus, appear to have hindered the efficient working of the economy
 and, by implication, the reallocation of resources to their most
 profitable uses. However, this support depends crucially upon the type of
 measurement adopted. We find that the Broadberry-Crafts argument works
 best when applied to differences in ROCE between industries rather than
 firms. We suggest that differences in ROCE between firms can be equally
 well explained by appeal to the resource based view of the firm. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 52-71 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999322 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999322 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S. R. H. Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: S. R. H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Title: Brand Building and Structural Change in the Scotch Whisky Industry since 1975 
Abstract:
  The stagnation in demand for Scotch whisky from the late 1970s encouraged
 leading producers to switch from a production-driven to a market-driven
 approach to their industry. Their attempts to add value by building brands
 have been regarded by some commentators as simply an extension of existing
 practices. This article argues that a radical shift took place in the
 marketing mix in the mid-1980s, with attention increasingly paid to
 ensuring an optimal balance between product, price, promotion and place.
 The adoption of a strategy with a more focused approach to brand-building
 resulted in major structural changes in the Scotch whisky industry as
 firms integrated forwards so as to ensure that quasi-rents were not
 dissipated. Acquisitions and joint ventures with other international
 alcoholic beverage producers also occurred in an effort to increase global
 market coverage. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 72-89 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999319 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999319 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nuria Puig 
Author-X-Name-First: Nuria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Puig 
Title: The Search for Identity: Spanish Perfume in the International Market 
Abstract:
  This article focuses on one of the few internationally competitive
 Spanish industries: perfumery. It examines the particularly long process
 over which the three Spanish firms that have successively led the national
 market, Perfumeria Gal, Myrurgia and Antonio Puig, created their distinct
 identity and brands, first at home and then internationally. Whereas a
 weak domestic demand, along with other obstacles associated with Spain's
 economic and social backwardness, hindered the development of this
 industry well into the 1970s, international contacts and partnerships
 played on the whole a very positive role throughout the past century. The
 interaction between national and corporate identities is thus considered
 to be at the core of Spanish successful perfume brands, a topic approached
 from both a comparative and theoretical perspective. Spanish perfume is
 today represented primarily by a multinational family-owned company, Puig
 Beauty & Fashion, one of the largest European perfume manufacturers (with
 brands such as Paco Rabanne, Carolina Herrera, and Nina Ricci) and Spain's
 top firm thanks to the recent acquisition of Perfumeria Gal and Myrurgia. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 90-118 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999323 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999323 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:45:y:2003:i:3:p:90-118




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Title: Book reviews 
Abstract:
  Author: ROSEN, PAUL, Framing Production: Technology, Culture and Change
 in the British Bicycle Industry; Author: SHEAIL, JOHN, An Environmental
 History of Twentieth-Century Britain; Author: MORT, MAGGIE, Building the
 Trident Network: A Study of the Enrollment of People, Knowledge and
 Machines; Author: ACKRILL, MARGARET and HANNAH, LESLIE, Barclays: The
 Business of Banking, 1690-1996; Author: SYMEONIDIS, GEORGE, The Effects of
 Competition: Cartel Policy and the Evolution of Strategy and Structure in
 British Industry; Editors: ARMSTRONG, JOHN and KUNZ, ANDREAS, Coastal
 Shipping and the European Economy, 1750-1980; Author: VEENENDAAL, Jr.,
 AUGUSTUS J., Railways in the Netherlands: A Brief History, 1834- 1994;
 PETERI, GYORGY, Global Monetary Regime and National Banking: The Case of
 Hungary, 1921-1929; SMITH, ROBERT J., The Bouchayers of Grenoble and
 French Industrial Enterprise, 1850-1970; Editors: GUSTAFSSON, KARL ERIK
 and RYDEN. PER, Den svenska pressens historia III. Det moderna Sveriges
 spegel (1897-1945); Author: FEDERSPIEL, S&#xd8;REN, Dynamikken Bag
 Energien: Det &#xd8;stdanske Produktions- Og Trasmissionssamarbejde
 1960-2000; Author: SISKIND, JANET, Rum and Axes: The Rise of a Connecticut
 Merchant Family, 1795-1850; Authors: FARRELL-BECK, JANE and GAU, COLLEEN,
 Uplift: The Bra in America; Author: DRACHMAN, VIRGINIA G., Enterprising
 Women: 250 Years of American Business; Author: RUBENSTEIN, JAMES M.,
 Making and Selling Cars: Innovation and Change in the US Automotive
 Industry; ENDLICH, LISA, Goldman Sachs: The Culture of Success; Editor:
 AUSTIN, BARBARA, Capitalizing Knowledge: Essays on the History of Business
 Education in Canada; Author: GUPTA, ASHIN DAS, The World of the Indian
 Ocean Merchant, 1500-1800: Collected Essays; Editors: ROWLEY, CHRIS, SOHN,
 TAE-WON and BAE, JONGSEOK, Managing Korean Business: Organization,
 Culture, Human Resources and Change; Author: TAMAKI, NORIO, Yukichi
 Fukuzawa, 1835- 1901: The Spirit of Enterprise in Modern Japan; Author:
 BOYCE, GORDON and VILLE, SIMON, The Development of Modern Business;
 Editors: LYNSKEY, MICHAEL J. and YONEKURA, SEIICHIRO, Entrepreneurship and
 Organization: The Role of the Entrepreneur in Organizational Innovation;
 Editors: HODGSON, GEOFFREY M., YOKOKAWA, MAKOTO ITOH and NOBUHARU,
 Capitalism in Evolution: Global Contentions - East and West; Editors:
 ARMITAGE, DAVID and BRADDICK, MICHAEL J., The British Atlantic World,
 1500-1800; Author: TORAL, PABLO, The Reconquest of the New World:
 Multinational Enterprises and Spain's Direct Investment in Latin America 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 125-154 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999328 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999328 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Title: Books Received 
Abstract:
  The following books have been received for review. Appearance in this
 review does not preclude review in a subsequent issue. Anyone wishing to
 act as a reviewer of any of the books should contact Jonathan Atkins, Book
 Reviews Editor, Journal of Development Studies, School of Economic
 Studies, University of Hull, HU6 7RX, UK. E-mail:
 J.P.Atkins@econ.hull.ac.uk. Fax: +44 (0)1482 466216. The Book Reviews
 Editor also welcomes expressions of interest in forthcoming books or books
 which have been published and not received by the Journal. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 155-155 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713999326 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/713999326 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:45:y:2003:i:3:p:155-155




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steven Toms 
Author-X-Name-First: Steven 
Author-X-Name-Last: Toms 
Author-Name: John Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Title: Scale, scope and accountability: towards a new paradigm of British business history 
Abstract:
  This article extends Chandler's scale and scope perspective using a
 synthesis with accountability and governance perspectives. The article
 also explains how various paradigms of political economy might be
 accommodated within the proposed business history synthesis. Accordingly,
 the intended outcome is a model that can explain why diverse
 organisational forms emerge, alongside the business strategies that
 accompany these changes during historical transitions. Using British
 business history as an example, empirical vignettes based on important
 transition points in support of the main propositions are also offered.
 This allows conclusions to be drawn on the joint impact of scale and scope
 economies with systems of corporate governance, the development of
 'efficient' capital markets and the impact of globalisation on
 multinationals and business networks. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-23 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790312331270199 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790312331270199 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:45:y:2003:i:4:p:1-23




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Matthews 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Matthews 
Author-Name: Trevor Boyns 
Author-X-Name-First: Trevor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boyns 
Author-Name: John Richard Edwards 
Author-X-Name-First: John Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards 
Title: Chandlerian image or mirror image? managerial and accounting control in the chemical industry: the case of Albright & Wilson, c.1892 to c.1923 
Abstract:
  Using archival evidence relating to Albright & Wilson (A&W), this article
 challenges the validity of Chandler's view, based mainly on the study of
 secondary sources, that personal capitalism retarded the development of
 more advanced forms of managerial organisation in Britain in the late
 nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. While Chandler has criticised
 A&W for abrogating control of its North American subsidiaries to American
 managers, the archival evidence reveals an effective control mechanism
 based around an accounting information system in which there is evidence
 of the use of standards for purposes of monitoring and control, and a
 recognition of the relevance of marginal costs for purposes of decision
 making. The article also throws light on the relationship between family
 ownership, firm size, strategy, investment and innovation. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 24-52 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790312331270209 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790312331270209 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:45:y:2003:i:4:p:24-52




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nick Tiratsoo 
Author-X-Name-First: Nick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tiratsoo 
Title: Materials handling in British industry, 1945-c1975: the anatomy of a manufacturing fundamental 
Abstract:
  During the post-1945 Golden Age, all British manufacturers spent a lot of
 time and energy moving raw and processed materials about their plants.
 This article seeks to understand how handling practices evolved during
 these years and the range of influences that determined their character.
 Its argues that British industry often clung to outdated methods long
 after they were demonstrably redundant, and establishes that this
 conservatism was not a product of economic circumstances, but rather
 stemmed ultimately from ideas that manufacturers themselves held about the
 status and importance of production. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 53-72 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790312331270219 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790312331270219 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:45:y:2003:i:4:p:53-72




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elena San Roman 
Author-X-Name-First: Elena San 
Author-X-Name-Last: Roman 
Author-Name: Carles Sudria 
Author-X-Name-First: Carles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sudria 
Title: Synthetic fuels in Spain, 1942-66: the failure of Franco's autarkic dream 
Abstract:
  This article studies the production of synthetic fuels in Spain under the
 dictatorship of General Franco. The Spanish synthetic fuels experiment was
 carried out by a state-owned firm which was endowed with huge financial
 and commercial privileges. The technological support for the project was
 to come from the German firm I.G. Farben. After the Nazi defeat, it
 suffered cutbacks and delays. The factory only reached normal levels of
 production in 1957, when the restrictions which had justified the project
 had disappeared. This study contends that the coincidence of state
 ownership and the absence of democratic controls may encourage economic
 adventurism and have serious consequences for a country's economic
 development. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 73-88 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790312331270229 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790312331270229 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:45:y:2003:i:4:p:73-88




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Walter Friedman 
Author-X-Name-First: Walter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Friedman 
Author-Name: Richard Tedlow 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tedlow 
Title: Statistical portraits of American business elites: a review essay 
Abstract:
  Since the early twentieth century, scholars have conducted statistical
 studies of groups of business leaders. These have often been extensive
 undertakings, calling for the collection of large quantities of
 information about business executives through the use of surveys, personal
 interviews, dictionaries, obituaries and biographies. The scholars who
 have carried out these studies have come from a range of disciplines,
 including sociology, history and economics. The questions they have asked
 have varied over time. Some have sought to uncover common characteristics
 among the executives themselves. Others have studied groups of businessmen
 in order to learn about society (especially the extent of social
 mobility), or about particular industries and the people who ran them.
 While the variety of approaches has led some to conclude that these
 studies present no coherent picture, this article shows an underlying
 pattern in these efforts and suggests a framework for future study. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 89-113 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790312331270239 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790312331270239 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:45:y:2003:i:4:p:89-113




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mira Wilkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Mira 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilkins 
Title: The selected essays of John H. Dunning 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 114-118 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 45 
Year: 2003 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790312331270249 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790312331270249 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:45:y:2003:i:4:p:114-118




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maggie Mort 
Author-X-Name-First: Maggie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mort 
Author-Name: Graham Spinardi 
Author-X-Name-First: Graham 
Author-X-Name-Last: Spinardi 
Title: Defence and the decline of UK mechanical engineering: the case of Vickers at Barrow 
Abstract:
  This article asks whether the UK's defence technology base is a potential
 solution to industrial underachievement or whether it is perhaps at the
 heart of the problem. In the UK, firms seem often to have opted for
 defence as the best route to business success. This is often portrayed as
 the result of short-sighted management, but it is perhaps more
 analytically useful to consider the ways in which this comes about.
 Drawing on a wide range of sources, we focus on the production history of
 Vickers/VSEL at Barrow in Furness, Cumbria. Once a highly diverse
 engineering company, VSEL became almost entirely synonymous with
 shipbuilding, and the building of the Trident submarines. This level of
 defence dependence came about following a process of active
 marginalisation of non-defence work which created a monoculture within the
 company for the first time and in which the perceived status of civil
 engineering declined in relation to 'superior' defence requirements. The
 identification of the company's interests solely with the Trident
 programme required a period in which employment was driven up to
 unsustainable levels, followed by sharp reductions in, and impoverishment
 of, the skill mix in a previously diverse workforce. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-22 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790412331270099 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790412331270099 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:46:y:2004:i:1:p:1-22




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Charles Harvey 
Author-X-Name-First: Charles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harvey 
Title: Tribute to Geoffrey Jones 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 11-13 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790412331270159 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790412331270159 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:46:y:2004:i:1:p:11-13




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bernardo Batiz-Lazo 
Author-X-Name-First: Bernardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Batiz-Lazo 
Title: Strategic alliances and competitive edge: insights from Spanish and UK banking histories 
Abstract:
  This research assesses the success of collaboration agreements through
 changes in competitive strength rather than the longevity of the
 transactions or the formality and visible structure of the agreements. To
 establish competitive strength, as development and renewal of
 capabilities, the research proceeds through the review of the alliance
 between the Co-operative Permanent Building Society, the Co-operative
 Wholesaling Society, Scottish Co-operative Wholesaling Society and
 Co-operative Insurance Society (1943-65). This cooperative agreement
 allows insights into the strategy of non-banks and nonfinance participants
 aiming to enter British bank markets. The research also considers the
 rather different process at Spanish savings banks, with a particular focus
 on IT outsourcing (1977-95). Cases in the UK and Spain form an historical
 argument and are used to demonstrate how the implementation of strategy is
 as important as strategic visioning to achieve competitive advantage in
 bank markets. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 23-56 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790412331270109 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790412331270109 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:46:y:2004:i:1:p:23-56




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Jenkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jenkins 
Title: Government intervention in the British gas industry, 1948 to 1970 
Abstract:
  This article analyses government-industry relations in the nationalised
 British gas industry in the 1950s and 1960s. New archival research
 suggests that the government exercised a relatively benign influence on
 the gas industry in this period. The gas industry was provided with
 adequate funds for investment, its pricing strategies were not seriously
 affected by macroeconomic policy interventions, and it was allowed an
 unconstrained choice in its use of raw materials, even though its switch
 to oil feedstocks exacerbated the decline of the indigenous British coal
 industry. This relatively favourable assessment of the impact of
 government policy on the gas industry contrasts rather sharply with
 evidence from some of the other nationalised industries which have been
 investigated by historians. The implication is that we need to consider
 government intervention in the nationalised industries on a case-by-case
 basis rather than reaching for simple generalisations about the sector as
 a whole. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 57-78 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790412331270119 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790412331270119 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:46:y:2004:i:1:p:57-78




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paloma Fernandez Perez 
Author-X-Name-First: Paloma Fernandez 
Author-X-Name-Last: Perez 
Author-Name: Nuria Puig 
Author-X-Name-First: Nuria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Puig 
Title: Knowledge and training in family firms of the European periphery: Spain in the eighteenth to twentieth centuries 
Abstract:
  This article is a first attempt to explore the relationship between
 training and entrepreneurship in Spanish family firms. It examines changes
 and continuities over time, and relates the evolution of the training
 practices of Spanish family firms to the technical and economic conditions
 of the first and second industrial revolutions. The article demonstrates
 the interaction betweeen technical and educational ideas, the creative
 adaptation to the entrepreneurial needs of regions and economic sectors,
 and institutional conditions. It is organised in three main sections. The
 first briefly introduces new institutional and sociological theories
 applied to the study of the formation of business groups. The second
 summarises existing literature and research that deals with knowledge
 transference and business training in Spanish family firms, and provides a
 general survey of informal and formal business education in eighteenth to
 twentieth-century Spain. The third presents case studies of changing
 training practices in big and old family firms, and relates this evidence
 with theoretical and institutional insights. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 79-99 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790412331270129 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790412331270129 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:46:y:2004:i:1:p:79-99




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Author-Name: Alison Kraft 
Author-X-Name-First: Alison 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kraft 
Title: Corporate venturing: the origins of Unilever's pregnancy test 
Abstract:
  Large established corporations face many challenges to develop and
 sustain dynamic capabilities in innovation and the creation of new
 businesses because of constraints arising from technological and resource
 lock-ins, and routine and cultural rigidities. From the 1960s large
 corporations became increasingly aware of such problems. Heavy research
 spending was not translated into successful new business creation. The
 formation of autonomous entrepreneurial units within large corporations
 was one response. The origins of Unilever's home pregnancy test,
 Clearblue, which was launched in 1985, is used as a case study to examine
 the viability of one version of this strategy. Unilever was able to
 translate its extensive knowledge base in immunology into a successful
 branded product in medical diagnostics by creating a separate corporate
 entity, Unipath, with a distinctive culture, shielded from the mainstream
 Unilever organisation, yet able to draw on corporate capabilities in
 marketing, and financial resources. Yet the very distinctiveness of
 Unipath orphaned it within Unilever, and the business was divested in
 2001. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 100-122 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790412331270139 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790412331270139 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:46:y:2004:i:1:p:100-122




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Popp 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Popp 
Title: British Business History: Review of the Periodical Literature for 2002 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 155-170 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007699042000215089 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007699042000215089 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:46:y:2004:i:2:p:155-170




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jon Stobart 
Author-X-Name-First: Jon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stobart 
Author-Name: Andrew Hann 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hann 
Title: Retailing Revolution in the Eighteenth Century? Evidence from North-West England 
Abstract:
  This article explores the extent and nature of retail change in the
 eighteenth century. In focusing on a single region, it places retailing in
 its spatial, economic and social context; by adopting different scales of
 analysis - shop, town and region - it reveals much about the spatiality of
 retailing. The study shows that retail change had penetrated all aspects
 of retailing and all parts of the regional urban hierarchy by the end of
 the eighteenth century. However, any retailing revolution was a patchy and
 conditional process: the pace of change varied, and the gap between large
 and small towns apparently widened in the early nineteenth century. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 171-194 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000215098 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000215098 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:46:y:2004:i:2:p:171-194




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jose Antonio Miranda 
Author-X-Name-First: Jose Antonio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Miranda 
Title: American Machinery and European Footwear: Technology Transfer and International Trade, 1860-1939 
Abstract:
  This article analyses technology transfer in the shoe industry from the
 United States to Europe from the mid-nineteenth century onwards, with a
 particular emphasis on the influence of this transfer on international
 trade. The article aims to show that the foreign expansion of American
 footwear at the end of the nineteenth century was directly linked to the
 technological gap between the American and European industries. The
 improvement in the competitiveness of the European footwear industry was
 mainly a result of the technology transfer from the US. This transfer was
 carried out mainly by one American multinational company, the United Shoe
 Machinery Company, and the adoption of the new technologies was not due as
 much to the 'technological capabilities' of each country as to the
 profitability that the companies managed to gain from these innovations. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 195-218 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000215106 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000215106 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:46:y:2004:i:2:p:195-218




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gelina Harlaftis 
Author-X-Name-First: Gelina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harlaftis 
Author-Name: John Theotokas 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Theotokas 
Title: European Family Firms in International Business: British and Greek Tramp-Shipping Firms 
Abstract:
  This article traces the similar paths and common characteristics of
 British and Greek tramp-shipping companies over the last 130 years through
 a comparative and international perspective. Despite the tendency of
 companies to adopt corporate and managerial forms, British and Greek
 tramp-shipping firms remained first and foremost family firms. The
 strength and the viability of these firms were networks, on a local,
 national and international level - networks whose cohesion was based on
 trust and a particular business culture that was developed in the maritime
 regions whence they came, centred on family firms involved in
 international business. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 219-255 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000215115 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000215115 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:46:y:2004:i:2:p:219-255




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Brian Cheffins 
Author-X-Name-First: Brian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheffins 
Title: Mergers and the Evolution of Patterns of Corporate Ownership and Control: The British Experience 
Abstract:
  An intense academic debate has arisen recently concerning the crucial
 'bedrock' that underpins a corporate governance regime where widely held
 public companies dominate. In the discourse, little has been said about
 the contribution of merger activity. This article seeks to address this
 gap by considering developments in the United Kingdom during the twentieth
 century. The British experience suggests that mergers matter with respect
 to the evolution of systems of ownership and control and that the manner
 in which anti-competitive behaviour is regulated influences the extent to
 which 'transformative' merger activity takes place. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 256-284 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000215124 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000215124 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:46:y:2004:i:2:p:256-284




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Behlul Usdi-super-&#x2d9;ken 
Author-X-Name-First: Behlul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Usdi-super-&#x2d9;ken 
Author-Name: Alfred Kieser 
Author-X-Name-First: Alfred 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kieser 
Title: Introduction: History in Organisation Studies 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 321-330 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000219166 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000219166 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:46:y:2004:i:3:p:321-330




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Clark 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clark 
Author-Name: Michael Rowlinson 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rowlinson 
Title: The Treatment of History in Organisation Studies: Towards an 'Historic Turn'? 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 331-352 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000219175 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000219175 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:46:y:2004:i:3:p:331-352




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Huseyin Leblebici 
Author-X-Name-First: Huseyin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Leblebici 
Author-Name: Nina Shah 
Author-X-Name-First: Nina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shah 
Title: The Birth, Transformation and Regeneration of Business Incubators as New Organisational Forms: Understanding the Interplay between Organisational History and Organisational Theory 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 353-380 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000219175 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000219175 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:46:y:2004:i:3:p:353-380




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Behlul Usdi-super-&#x2d9;ken 
Author-X-Name-First: Behlul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Usdi-super-&#x2d9;ken 
Author-Name: Alfred Kieser 
Author-X-Name-First: Alfred 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kieser 
Author-Name: Peter Kjaer 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kjaer 
Title: Academy, Economy and Polity: Betriebswirtschaftslehre in Germany, Denmark and Turkey before 1945 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 381-406 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000219178 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000219178 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:46:y:2004:i:3:p:381-406




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aya Chacar 
Author-X-Name-First: Aya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chacar 
Author-Name: William Hesterly 
Author-X-Name-First: William 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hesterly 
Title: Innovations and Value Creation in Major League Baseball, 1860-2000 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 407-438 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000219184 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000219184 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:46:y:2004:i:3:p:407-438




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hans-Dieter Ganter 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans-Dieter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ganter 
Title: Changes in Work Organisation in French Top-Quality Restaurants 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 439-460 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000219193 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000219193 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:46:y:2004:i:3:p:439-460




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger Middleton 
Author-X-Name-First: Roger 
Author-X-Name-Last: Middleton 
Title: W(h)ither Economic History, or Economic History is what Economic Historians Do? 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 461-473 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000219201 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000219201 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:46:y:2004:i:3:p:461-473




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pamela Dixon 
Author-X-Name-First: Pamela 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dixon 
Author-Name: Neal Garnham 
Author-X-Name-First: Neal 
Author-X-Name-Last: Garnham 
Author-Name: Andrew Jackson 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jackson 
Title: Shareholders and Shareholding: The Case of the Football Company in Late Victorian England 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 503-524 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000231810 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000231810 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:46:y:2004:i:4:p:503-524




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carsten Burhop 
Author-X-Name-First: Carsten 
Author-X-Name-Last: Burhop 
Title: Executive Remuneration and Firm Performance: The Case of Large German Banks, 1854-1910 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 525-543 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000231829 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000231829 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:46:y:2004:i:4:p:525-543




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Emerson-Elliott 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Emerson-Elliott 
Title: A Pipe Dream Come True: The International Expansion of the Hume Pipe Company in the 1920s 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 544-567 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000231838 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000231838 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:46:y:2004:i:4:p:544-567




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gareth Shaw 
Author-X-Name-First: Gareth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shaw 
Author-Name: Louise Curth 
Author-X-Name-First: Louise 
Author-X-Name-Last: Curth 
Author-Name: Andrew Alexander 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alexander 
Title: Selling Self-Service and the Supermarket: The Americanisation of Food Retailing in Britain, 1945-60 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 568-582 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000231847 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000231847 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:46:y:2004:i:4:p:568-582




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Catherine Schenk 
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schenk 
Title: Finance of Industry in Hong Kong 1950-70: A Case of Market Failure? 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 583-608 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000231856 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000231856 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:46:y:2004:i:4:p:583-608




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mike Parsons 
Author-X-Name-First: Mike 
Author-X-Name-Last: Parsons 
Author-Name: Mary Rose 
Author-X-Name-First: Mary 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rose 
Title: Communities of Knowledge: Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Networks in the British Outdoor Trade, 1960-90 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 609-639 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000231865 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000231865 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:46:y:2004:i:4:p:609-639




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: BWE Alford 
Author-X-Name-First: BWE 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alford 
Title: New Frame - Same Picture? 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 640-644 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000231892 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000231892 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tilak Doshi 
Author-X-Name-First: Tilak 
Author-X-Name-Last: Doshi 
Title: Business in South Asia: Conventional Wisdoms and Realities 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 645-651 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 46 
Year: 2004 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000231883 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000231883 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:46:y:2004:i:4:p:645-651




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: William Wray 
Author-X-Name-First: William 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wray 
Title: Nodes in the Global Webs of Japanese Shipping 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-22 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076779042000267442 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076779042000267442 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:47:y:2005:i:1:p:1-22




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paolo Di Martino 
Author-X-Name-First: Paolo Di 
Author-X-Name-Last: Martino 
Title: Approaching Disaster: Personal Bankruptcy Legislation in Italy and England, c.1880-1939 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 23-43 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000267451 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000267451 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:47:y:2005:i:1:p:23-43




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Veronique Pouillard 
Author-X-Name-First: Veronique 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pouillard 
Title: American Advertising Agencies in Europe: J. Walter Thompson's Belgian Business in the Inter-War Years 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 44-58 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000267460 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000267460 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:47:y:2005:i:1:p:44-58




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Harris 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harris 
Author-Name: Michael Buzzelli 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Buzzelli 
Title: House Building in the Machine Age, 1920s-1970s: Realities and Perceptions of Modernisation in North America and Australia 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 59-85 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000267479 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000267479 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:47:y:2005:i:1:p:59-85




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kenneth Brown 
Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown 
Title: Unions and Management in Engineering: A Case Study, 1964-79 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 86-101 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000267488 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000267488 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:47:y:2005:i:1:p:86-101




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giuliano Maielli 
Author-X-Name-First: Giuliano 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maielli 
Title: Spot-Welding Technology and the Development of Robotics at Fiat, 1972-87: A Case of Managerial Discontinuity? 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 102-121 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000267497 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000267497 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:47:y:2005:i:1:p:102-121




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Len Holden 
Author-X-Name-First: Len 
Author-X-Name-Last: Holden 
Title: Fording the Atlantic: Ford and Fordism in Europe 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 122-127 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000267505 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000267505 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:47:y:2005:i:1:p:122-127




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Higgins 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Higgins 
Title: British Business History: A Review of the Periodical Literature for 2003 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 159-173 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000338317 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000338317 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:47:y:2005:i:2:p:159-173




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Charles Hickson 
Author-X-Name-First: Charles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hickson 
Author-Name: John Turner 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Turner 
Title: The Genesis of Corporate Governance: Nineteenth-Century Irish Joint-Stock Banks 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 174-189 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000313648 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000313648 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:47:y:2005:i:2:p:174-189




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Author-Name: Peter Walsh 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Walsh 
Title: New Manufacturing Plant Formation, Clustering and Locational Externalities in 1930s Britain 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 190-218 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000313657 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000313657 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:47:y:2005:i:2:p:190-218




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mila Davids 
Author-X-Name-First: Mila 
Author-X-Name-Last: Davids 
Title: The Privatisation and Liberalisation of Dutch Telecommunications in the 1980s 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 219-243 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000313666 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000313666 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:47:y:2005:i:2:p:219-243




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alberto Rinaldi 
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rinaldi 
Title: The Emilian Model Revisited: Twenty Years After 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 244-266 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000313675 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000313675 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:47:y:2005:i:2:p:244-266




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steven Toms 
Author-X-Name-First: Steven 
Author-X-Name-Last: Toms 
Author-Name: Mike Wright 
Author-X-Name-First: Mike 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wright 
Title: Divergence and Convergence within Anglo-American Corporate Governance Systems: Evidence from the US and UK, 1950-2000 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 267-295 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0007679042000313684 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0007679042000313684 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:47:y:2005:i:2:p:267-295




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eric Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Eric 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Title: Industrialisation: What Distinguished Britain? 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 296-301 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790420003136893 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790420003136893 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:47:y:2005:i:2:p:296-301




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthias Kipping 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthias 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kipping 
Author-Name: Lina Galvez Munoz 
Author-X-Name-First: Lina Galvez 
Author-X-Name-Last: Munoz 
Title: The Business of Dependency: An Introduction 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 331-336 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790500056218 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790500056218 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:47:y:2005:i:3:p:331-336




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: TAB Corley 
Author-X-Name-First: TAB 
Author-X-Name-Last: Corley 
Title: UK Government Regulation of Medicinal Drugs, 1890-2000 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 337-351 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790500055947 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790500055947 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:47:y:2005:i:3:p:337-351




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Judy Slinn 
Author-X-Name-First: Judy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Slinn 
Title: Price Controls or Control through Prices? Regulating the Cost and Consumption of Prescription Pharmaceuticals in the UK, 1948-67 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 352-366 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790500055970 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790500055970 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:47:y:2005:i:3:p:352-366




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Simpson 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Simpson 
Title: Too Little Regulation? The British Market for Sherry, 1840-90 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 367-382 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790500055988 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790500055988 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:47:y:2005:i:3:p:367-382




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pamela Pennock 
Author-X-Name-First: Pamela 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pennock 
Author-Name: K Austin Kerr 
Author-X-Name-First: K Austin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kerr 
Title: In the Shadow of Prohibition: Domestic American Alcohol Policy since 1933 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 383-400 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790500056002 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790500056002 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:47:y:2005:i:3:p:383-400




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lina Galvez Munoz 
Author-X-Name-First: Lina Galvez 
Author-X-Name-Last: Munoz 
Title: Regulating an Addictive Product: The Spanish Government, Brand Advertising and Tobacco Business (1880s to 1930s) 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 401-420 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790500056010 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790500056010 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:47:y:2005:i:3:p:401-420




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Courtwright 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Courtwright 
Title: 'Carry on Smoking': Public Relations and Advertising Strategies of American and British Tobacco Companies since 1950 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 421-433 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790500056044 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790500056044 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:47:y:2005:i:3:p:421-433




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Miskell 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Miskell 
Title: Seduced by the Silver Screen: Film Addicts, Critics and Cinema Regulation in Britain in the 1930s and 1940s 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 433-448 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790500056085 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790500056085 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:47:y:2005:i:3:p:433-448




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthias Kipping 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthias 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kipping 
Author-Name: Denis Saint-Martin 
Author-X-Name-First: Denis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Saint-Martin 
Title: Between Regulation, Promotion and Consumption: Government and Management Consultancy in Britain 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 449-465 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790500055756 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790500055756 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:47:y:2005:i:3:p:449-465




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kyle Bruce 
Author-X-Name-First: Kyle 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bruce 
Title: Magnus Alexander, the Economists and the Issue of Labour Turnover 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 493-510 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790500132936 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790500132936 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:47:y:2005:i:4:p:493-510




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Fitzgerald 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fitzgerald 
Title: Products, Firms and Consumption: Cadbury and the Development of Marketing, 1900-1939 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 511-531 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790500132977 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790500132977 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:47:y:2005:i:4:p:511-531




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bishnupriya Gupta 
Author-X-Name-First: Bishnupriya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta 
Title: Why did Collusion Fail? The Indian Jute Industry in the Inter-War Years 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 532-552 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790500132985 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790500132985 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:47:y:2005:i:4:p:532-552




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Doreen Arnoldus 
Author-X-Name-First: Doreen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Arnoldus 
Author-Name: Joost Dankers 
Author-X-Name-First: Joost 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dankers 
Title: Management Consultancies in the Dutch Banking Sector, 1960s and 1970s 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 553-568 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790500133041 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790500133041 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:47:y:2005:i:4:p:553-568




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anna Spadavecchia 
Author-X-Name-First: Anna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Spadavecchia 
Title: Financing Industrial Districts in Italy, 1971-91: A Private Venture? 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 569-593 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790500133066 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790500133066 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:47:y:2005:i:4:p:569-593




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eric Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Eric 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Title: Cotton: 'The Most Studied of all Manufactures' 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 594-599 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 47 
Year: 2005 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790500133090 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790500133090 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:47:y:2005:i:4:p:594-599




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alistair Mutch 
Author-X-Name-First: Alistair 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mutch 
Title: Public houses as multiple retailing: Peter Walker & Son, 1846-1914 
Abstract:
  The operation of Liverpool public houses by the company Peter Walker &
 Son during the period 1846 to 1914 was distinguished by an adherence to
 their direct management, as opposed to the tenancy model espoused by most
 brewers in the period. The employment of managers was accompanied by
 detailed monitoring of performance, the construction of a managerial
 hierarchy and a focus on the appearance of the houses, features which
 reinforce the predominantly retail orientation of the company. This
 distinctiveness is related to broader features of the Liverpool context to
 argue that an institutionalist approach that gives due weight to both
 economic and cultural factors is needed in exploring the development of
 management practice. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-19 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2006 
Keywords: Public houses, Liverpool, Management history, Brewing, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790500204677 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790500204677 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:48:y:2006:i:1:p:1-19




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Title: Path dependence, fragmented property rights and the slow diffusion of high throughput technologies in inter-war British coal mining 
Abstract:
  This article examines the importance of path dependence effects in
 impeding the diffusion of high throughput mechanized mining systems in the
 British coal industry. It demonstrates that the industry had become
 'locked in' to low throughput underground haulage technology, on account
 of institutional interrelatedness between Britain's traditional practice
 of extensive in-seam mining and its unique system of fragmented, privately
 owned mineral royalties. Fragmented royalties prevented the concentration
 of workings and introduction of high throughput main haulage systems that
 underpinned the rapid productivity growth of European producers.
 Meanwhile, technical interrelatedness between the haulage systems taking
 coal to the pit shaft and operations further 'upstream' created
 bottlenecks which both slowed the overall rate of mechanization and
 limited the productivity gains from the mechanization that did occur. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 20-42 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2006 
Keywords: Path dependence, Coal mining, Interrelatedness, Mineral royalties, Technical change, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790500204693 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790500204693 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:48:y:2006:i:1:p:20-42




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Colin Divall 
Author-X-Name-First: Colin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Divall 
Title: Technological networks and industrial research in Britain: The London, Midland & Scottish Railway, 1926-47 
Abstract:
  Large and complex firms combining service and manufacturing functions
 such as the railways offer an interesting test of the claim that between
 the world wars British industry sometimes successfully prosecuted
 industrial research in ways that do not fit the Chandlerian paradigm. In
 particular, the largest of the inter-war railway companies relied on
 networks of external technological experts as well as developing its own
 in-house capability, thereby reducing uncertainties and transaction costs
 at minimal risk to itself. The chief disadvantage to this approach was the
 tension generated between the technological community of 'scientific'
 researchers and the engineers who were traditionally responsible for
 technological innovation. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 43-68 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2006 
Keywords: Industrial research, Technological communities, Business networks, Railways, Engineering, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790500204719 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790500204719 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:48:y:2006:i:1:p:43-68




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Alexander 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alexander 
Author-Name: Simon Phillips 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Phillips 
Title: 'Fair play for the small man': Perspectives on the contribution of the independent shopkeeper 1930-c.1945 
Abstract:
  Detailed accounts of the social role of the independent shopkeeper rarely
 go beyond 1914. This article identifies a perception that his value in
 providing both a personal and community service endured beyond this date.
 Consultation of a variety of documentary sources from the 1930s and 1940s
 demonstrates that the independent shopkeeper remained an integral part of
 retailing and society in Britain in this period. More widely, the article
 contextualizes the continued support for the small shopkeeper in relation
 to theories of retail institutional change derived from the marketing
 literature. Acknowledging an open-systems perspective, it assesses the
 influence of the social and political environment in explaining the
 persistence of small shopkeeper support. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 69-89 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2006 
Keywords: Retailing, Independent shopkeeper, Retail theory, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790500204743 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790500204743 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:48:y:2006:i:1:p:69-89




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kazuo Wada 
Author-X-Name-First: Kazuo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wada 
Title: The fable of the birth of the Japanese automobile industry: A reconsideration of the Toyoda-Platt agreement of 1929 
Abstract:
  In discussing the birth of the Japanese automobile industry, most
 researchers and journalists put the Toyota Motor Corporation and the
 Toyoda-Platt Agreement at centre-stage. It has been widely asserted that
 the one million yen (&#xa5;100,000) that was received as a result of the
 Agreement provided Kiichiro Toyoda with the means to begin his research on
 the automobile. But the historical evidence does not support this
 legendary story, and in many ways contradicts it. This article aims to set
 the historical record straight. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 90-118 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2006 
Keywords: Toyota, Toyoda-Platt agreement, Technology transfer, Lancashire, Textiles, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790500204768 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790500204768 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:48:y:2006:i:1:p:90-118




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tim Rooth 
Author-X-Name-First: Tim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rooth 
Title: Revisiting the mature economy: Britain, 1860-1939 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 119-126 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790500204909 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790500204909 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:48:y:2006:i:1:p:119-126




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sydney Finkelstein 
Author-X-Name-First: Sydney 
Author-X-Name-Last: Finkelstein 
Title: Why smart executives fail: Four case histories of how people learn the wrong lessons from history 
Abstract:
  In a series of inductive case histories of leadership and strategy, we
 document the problem of how executives often learn the wrong lessons from
 history. The costs associated with such misdirected learning are
 significant, and often tally in the hundreds of millions to billions in
 losses. These mistakes are seldom due to managerial incompetence or random
 events, but rather are driven by common patterns of managerial behaviour.
 The case histories of two American and two Japanese companies highlight
 how and why apparently talented managers often learn the wrong lessons
 from history. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 153-170 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2006 
Keywords: Leadership, Failure, Strategy, Learning, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790600576727 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790600576727 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:48:y:2006:i:2:p:153-170




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sheryllynne Haggerty 
Author-X-Name-First: Sheryllynne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Haggerty 
Title: The structure of the Philadelphia trading community on the transition from colony to state 
Abstract:
  In 1785 the first Philadelphia trade directory was published; a
 reflection of the pride and confidence of the city's people on
 Independence. This article uses the directory to detail a far wider
 trading community than simply elite (male) merchants. By comparing the
 Philadelphia trading community with its British counterpart, Liverpool, it
 is argued that in 1785 Philadelphia still had the economy of a colonial
 port. Importantly, because of this, its distribution process operated very
 differently from that of Liverpool. However, further analysis in 1791 and
 1805 highlights signs of diversity with important ramifications for the
 ability of lesser traders, both men and women, to contribute to the
 economy. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 171-192 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2006 
Keywords: Economy, Philadelphia, Liverpool, Atlantic, Merchants, Traders, Ports, Women, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790600576743 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790600576743 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:48:y:2006:i:2:p:171-192




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carol Matheson Connell 
Author-X-Name-First: Carol Matheson 
Author-X-Name-Last: Connell 
Title: Entrepreneurial enterprise and 'image' in the nineteenth-century trading firm: Shaping the legal environment for business 
Abstract:
  Jardine Matheson & Company, a 200-year-old Hong Kong trading company that
 began as a house of agency, has evolved to become a contemporary Asian
 multinational. This article focuses on the entrepreneurial ambition of
 founders William Jardine and James Matheson, the importance of reputation
 both to legitimacy and the survival and growth of the firm, with emphasis
 on the role played by the founders in shaping the legal environment for
 trade with China. The study uses Edith Penrose's Theory of the Growth of
 the Firm as a principal interpretive framework and draws its evidence from
 the founders' original letters and a previously unexamined resource, the
 free trade treatise of James Matheson called Present Position and
 Prospects of the British Trade with China. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 193-219 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2006 
Keywords: Edith Penrose, Kenneth Boulding, Institutionalism, Hong Kong Trading Companies, Law Merchant, Law of Nations, Emmerich de Vattel, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790600576776 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790600576776 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:48:y:2006:i:2:p:193-219




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Josephine Maltby 
Author-X-Name-First: Josephine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maltby 
Author-Name: Janette Rutterford 
Author-X-Name-First: Janette 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rutterford 
Title: 'She possessed her own fortune': Women investors from the late nineteenth century to the early twentieth century 
Abstract:
  There is a growing literature on the history of investment in Britain.
 However, the role played by women as investors has been almost wholly
 ignored. This paper argues that women were an important class of stock
 market investors and produces empirical evidence, most notably share
 registers, to show that women engaged in a number of different types of
 investment, and were important in both public and private companies as
 long-term holders of securities in the nineteenth and early twentieth
 centuries. The article concludes by suggesting the impact of these
 findings on our understanding of women's financial position and of their
 role in corporate governance. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 220-253 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2006 
Keywords: Financial Investment, Women Investors, Women's Wealth, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790600576818 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790600576818 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:48:y:2006:i:2:p:220-253




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger Munting 
Author-X-Name-First: Roger 
Author-X-Name-Last: Munting 
Title: British business and the politics of trade with the USSR during the New Economic Policy (NEP) 
Abstract:
  British commercial and political hopes to expand trade in the new Soviet
 state after 1920 were to an extent disappointed. Despite successful
 ventures by individual companies, in aggregate business fell short of
 expectations, especially compared with German and American competitors.
 The reasons were both (micro and macro) economic variables and political
 factors, in Britain and the USSR. From 1926 the Soviet regime was
 committed to rapid industrialization and a pattern of imports in which
 Germany enjoyed some comparative advantage. But, in contrast to major
 rivals, British governments occasionally tried to use trade as a political
 instrument to the disadvantage of commercial operations. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 254-271 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2006 
Keywords: Foreign Trade, Britain, USSR, Soviet Union, NEP, New Economic Policy, Concessions, Export, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790600576842 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790600576842 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:48:y:2006:i:2:p:254-271




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: T. A. B. Corley 
Author-X-Name-First: T. A. B. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Corley 
Title: Mira Wilkins: An interim assessment 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 272-280 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2006 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790600613587 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790600613587 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:48:y:2006:i:2:p:272-280




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Scranton 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scranton 
Title: Technology, science and American innovation 
Abstract:
  This article offers for consideration four propositions about business,
 government, and innovation in the post-World War Two United States, points
 which may have a wider resonance as well. They concern the long term role
 of continuous innovation, technology-science relationships, state-led
 problem setting for innovation, and the 'permanent uncertainties' that
 arise from Cold War-era technological advance. Each of these has
 implications for the practice of business history, for conceptualizing
 innovation, and for our understanding of post-war science-technology
 trajectories. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 311-331 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2006 
Keywords: Innovation, Cold War, Technology, Uncertainty, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790600791763 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790600791763 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:48:y:2006:i:3:p:311-331




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Popp 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Popp 
Title: 'Though it is but a promise': Business probity in Arnold Bennett's Anna of the Five Towns 
Abstract:
  Noting the increasing interest amongst business historians in the
 socio-cultural dimensions of business, this article presents a reading of
 Arnold Bennett's early twentieth-century novel Anna of the Five Towns. The
 purpose of the article is both to explore the evidential value of cultural
 representations, such as the novel, in relation to issues currently to the
 fore in business history, such as trust, and also to act as a means
 through which to examine some of the biases and assumptions present in the
 literature. Thus the article speaks also to issues of historiography. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 332-353 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2006 
Keywords: Cultural Representations and Business, Trust, Arnold Bennett, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790600791771 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790600791771 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:48:y:2006:i:3:p:332-353




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francesca Polese 
Author-X-Name-First: Francesca 
Author-X-Name-Last: Polese 
Title: In search of a new industry: Giovanni Battista Pirelli and his educational journey through Europe, 1870-1871 
Abstract:
  Knowledge is increasingly considered a crucial resource for economic and
 business development. However, it is a broad concept that calls for
 further specifications: different kinds of knowledge call for diverse
 transfer and learning mechanisms, crucial for their application to
 economic activity. Focusing on the case of Giovanni Battista Pirelli
 (1848-1932)&#xa0;-&#xa0;Italian engineer and entrepreneur, founder (1872)
 of the first Italian rubber company, G.B. Pirelli & Co.&#xa0;-&#xa0;and
 his educational journey through Europe (1870-1871), this article
 investigates the complexity of the learning mechanism which in the second
 half of the nineteenth century allowed a relatively peripheral region like
 Northern Italy to reduce the gap separating it from the centre of European
 industrialization. Special attention is devoted to the characteristics of
 the rubber manufacturing industry and to the specific difficulties
 encountered in the acquisition and transfer of knowledge (including
 technology) related to a relatively new and rapidly evolving industry. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 354-375 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2006 
Keywords: Knowledge Transfer, Technology Transfer, Rubber Industry, Industrial Innovation, Educational Journeys, Engineering Education, Italy, Pirelli, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790600791797 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790600791797 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:48:y:2006:i:3:p:354-375




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Church 
Author-X-Name-First: Roy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Church 
Title: Trust, Burroughs Wellcome & Co. and the foundation of a modern pharmaceutical industry in Britain, 1880-1914 
Abstract:
  The literature relating to networks and organizational culture has
 acknowledged trust to be a valuable intangible asset. This article reviews
 the theoretical literature and the limited empirical research on trust in
 relation to business organizations and activity. Within this framework,
 the early history of Burroughs Wellcome & Co. reveals the importance of
 trust in building a cohesive organization and in establishing a reputation
 with the medical profession and with the trade. The study shows the
 construction of trust to have been an essential dimension in the company's
 growth to become the leading pharmaceutical manufacturer in Britain by
 1914. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 376-398 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2006 
Keywords: Pharmaceutical Industry, Trust, Networks, Culture, Medical Profession, Retailers, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790600791805 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790600791805 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:48:y:2006:i:3:p:376-398




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Kobrak 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kobrak 
Author-Name: Jana Wustenhagen 
Author-X-Name-First: Jana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wustenhagen 
Title: International investment and Nazi politics: The cloaking of German assets abroad, 1936-1945 
Abstract:
  This article deals with the relationship between business and government
 during the Third Reich in making policy toward attempts by German
 companies to protect their foreign assets. In contrast to the widely held
 view of many professional historians and journalists, we argue that
 business engaged in these efforts largely without governmental assistance,
 indeed often in the face of resistance from the regime, since for the most
 part companies set up structures that were contrary to the wishes of the
 National Socialist political bureaucracy. Although some of the evidence we
 present here is known to historians, much of our interpretation of the
 data has not penetrated professional accounts of the period. The cloaking
 story, moreover, has implications for contemporary multinational business.
 As the Second World War approached, fear of expropriation became a more
 important motivation for cloaking, but even in the late 1930s German
 managers created these structures for a variety of commercial reasons.
 Firms are still confronted by a myriad of pressures and political risks,
 not the least of which are those posed by their own home countries'
 actions that affect the value of their foreign assets. We argue here that
 one of the commercial objectives of German businesses' cloaking efforts
 was to reduce the political risk of the actions of the country in which
 they were incorporated. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 399-427 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2006 
Keywords: Tarnung, Camouflage, Cloaking, German Big Business, Third Reich, NSDAP-Auslandsorganisation (AO), Political Risk, Home-country Political Risk, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790600791821 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790600791821 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:48:y:2006:i:3:p:399-427




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Higgins 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Higgins 
Author-Name: Steven Toms 
Author-X-Name-First: Steven 
Author-X-Name-Last: Toms 
Title: Financial institutions and corporate strategy: David Alliance and the transformation of British textiles, c.1950-c.1990 
Abstract:
  This article introduces and assesses a conceptual model of institutional
 and corporate change. In particular it seeks to integrate strategic choice
 and associated corporate structure with the role of the market for
 corporate control (MCC) as a governance mechanism. The model is
 illustrated using longitudinal case studies from the British textile
 industry with particular reference to the acquisition policy of David
 Alliance as he built up the Spirella Group and then used this as a vehicle
 to acquire, in turn, Vantona, Carrington Viyella, Nottingham Manufacturing
 Company and Coats Patons. These policies are contrasted with the
 acquisition strategies of the Lancashire Cotton Corporation (LCC) and
 Courtaulds and Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI). The evidence indicates
 that there was no relationship between the depth of the MCC and
 restructuring success, but to the extent that the market lacked depth,
 abnormal profits accrued to market-making entrepreneurs such as Alliance.
 There is evidence that decentralized market-led strategies were more
 successful than strategies based on the integration of production for the
 achievement of scale economies. Successful adoption of these strategies
 was also based on the acquisition of financial resources through
 appropriate network connections and associated political lobbying
 channels. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 453-478 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2006 
Keywords: British Textile Industry, Market for Corporate Control, David Alliance, Coats Viyella, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790600808542 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790600808542 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:48:y:2006:i:4:p:453-478




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Millward 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Millward 
Title: Business and government in electricity network integration in Western Europe, c.1900-1950 
Abstract:
  A cross-country comparison is made of the moves to system integration, at
 the national level, of electricity supply in several Western European
 countries. Private electricity business firms were dominant in France,
 Italy and Spain and large generating enterprises and transporting groups
 grew through mergers and agreements. In Germany, Scandinavia and the UK,
 municipalities were more common and were resistant to mergers and network
 development. Several national networks had emerged by the 1940s but hardly
 any were nationally managed in the sense of ensuring electricity was
 everywhere supplied from the lowest cost source. The article considers the
 economic gains from integration and argues that it developed successfully
 where central governments became actively involved. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 479-500 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2006 
Keywords: Electricity Supply, Networks, Integration, Mergers, Business/Government Relationships, National Grids, Municipalities, State Enterprise, 1919-39 Period, France, Germany, UK, Scandinavia, Southern Europe, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790600808617 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790600808617 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:48:y:2006:i:4:p:479-500




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Derek Matthews 
Author-X-Name-First: Derek 
Author-X-Name-Last: Matthews 
Title: The development of British accountancy in the nineteenth century: A technological determinist approach 
Abstract:
  This article argues that some of the most popular treatments of the
 development of accountancy in Britain do not accord with the historical
 evidence. This is true of the functionalist's altruistic view of the
 profession and of the predominant paradigm&#xa0;-&#xa0;the Weberian
 'professional project'. There is no evidence in the early history of
 British accountancy to support the concepts of, for example: monopolistic
 closure, credentialism, or the social construction of skill. Instead,
 using a model based on technological determinism, the article reasserts
 the importance of the industrialisation process in forming the accountancy
 profession, and sees the formation of the chartered societies as largely
 set up to brand the accountants' training and thereby preserve the value
 of their human capital. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 501-528 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2006 
Keywords: Professions, Accounting History, Chartered Accountancy, Technological Determinism, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790600808641 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790600808641 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:48:y:2006:i:4:p:501-528




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. J. Keneley 
Author-X-Name-First: M. J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Keneley 
Title: In the service of the society: The labour management practices of an Australian life Insurer to 1940 
Abstract:
  This article considers the labour management practices in use in the
 Australian life insurance industry during the inter-war period. Using the
 Australian Mutual Provident as a case study, it is argued that the
 specific human resource management practices evolved to deal with separate
 sets of problems arising from the functions of the life insurance business
 and the manner in which the principal/agent problem was manifested. The
 differing nature of work associated with the sales and management of life
 insurance fostered the development of primary and secondary labour markets
 in which the benefits flowing to one were superior to those accruing to
 the other. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 529-550 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2006 
Keywords: Australian Life Insurance, Labour Management, Internal Labour Markets, Life Insurance Clerks, Life Insurance Agents, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790600808690 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790600808690 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:48:y:2006:i:4:p:529-550




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kirsten Kininmonth 
Author-X-Name-First: Kirsten 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kininmonth 
Title: The growth, development and management of J. & P. Coats Ltd, c.1890-1960: An analysis of strategy and structure 
Abstract:
  The purpose of this article is to investigate the management of one of
 Britain's most important multinational companies, J. & P. Coats Ltd, in
 the period 1890-1960, a topic which has not hitherto been examined in
 detail. In particular, the article examines the system of committees that
 the enterprise used to control and direct its disparate empire over the
 time period concerned. As a theoretical focus, the study compares what is
 found in the writings of Alfred D. Chandler, Jr., who held that, in
 general, British family capital and management inhibited business growth
 and development, especially when compared with firms in the USA. The
 article concludes that Coats did not fit this interpretation. It provides
 the first in-depth study of the management of one of Britain's largest and
 most successful multinational companies, clarifying the relationships
 between organizational structure and financial arrangements, concluding
 that Coats' approach to management, although in some ways unique, was
 appropriate to its aims. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 551-579 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 48 
Year: 2006 
Keywords: Business History, Accounting History, Thread Manufacture, Chandler, Committee Control, Paisley, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790600809219 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790600809219 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:48:y:2006:i:4:p:551-579




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Charles Harvey 
Author-X-Name-First: Charles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harvey 
Author-Name: John Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Title: Redefining Business History: An editorial statement 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-7 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790601062933 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790601062933 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:1:p:1-7




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Author-Name: Peter Miskell 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Miskell 
Title: Acquisitions and firm growth: Creating Unilever's ice cream and tea business 
Abstract:
  The role of acquisitions has been widely discussed in management
 literature. There is considerable evidence that many acquisitions fail,
 often because of post-acquisition problems. More recently business
 historians have examined their role in the restructuring of the British,
 American and other economies after World War Two. Yet the historical and
 management literatures have been poorly integrated. This article seeks to
 address some of the issues raised in the management literature by
 contributing a longitudinal case study of the use of acquisitions by
 Unilever to build the world's largest ice cream and tea businesses. The
 study supports recent resource-based theory which argues that
 complementary rather than related acquisitions add value. It identifies
 the importance of local knowledge as a key complementary asset. It also
 identifies reasons why Unilever was able to integrate acquisitions quite
 successfully, including clear strategic intent and the fact that employee
 resistance was reduced because most acquisitions were agreed. Finally
 Unilever could take a long-term view because of its size, and relative
 unconcern for shareholder interests before the 1980s. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 8-28 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Acquisitions, Diversification, Consumer Products, Ice Cream, Tea, Global Business, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790601062974 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790601062974 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:1:p:8-28




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: William Baer 
Author-X-Name-First: William 
Author-X-Name-Last: Baer 
Title: Early retailing: London's shopping exchanges, 1550-1700 
Abstract:
  Location is an important aspect of retailing, and London entrepreneurs
 recognized it as early as the 1560s in building exchanges to house a
 collection of shops, taking them off the street. These shopping centres
 created a special shopping environment: shelter, safety, and shop
 agglomeration. Soon shoppers put on their own social display there, a
 further shopping attraction. Up to five of these centres existed in late
 seventeenth-century London, capturing about half of all shops. But the
 reputation of these facilities declined over time, the institution of
 shopping 'mall' apparently not continued or emulated again until the
 twentieth century. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 29-51 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Shopping Centre, Mall, Exchange, London, Shopkeeper, Commerce, Retail, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790601063006 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790601063006 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:1:p:29-51




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ian Hunter 
Author-X-Name-First: Ian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hunter 
Title: Making a little go further: Capital and the New Zealand entrepreneur 
Abstract:
  Using case analysis, this article examines the sources of start-up and
 development capital for 133 entrepreneurs who began commercial enterprises
 in New Zealand between 1880 and 1910. Though capital markets were
 immature, entrepreneurs overcame this limitation by employing capital
 economizing techniques to start firms, and then continued to exert
 managerial control by reinvesting profits rather than borrowing. The
 results of this investigation offer a comment on the prevailing firm
 structure in New Zealand, as well as providing a partial explanation for
 the capacity building noted by other economic historians during this
 recessionary period in New Zealand economic history. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 52-74 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Capital, Entrepreneurship, New Ventures, New Zealand, Long Depression, Capital Economizing Techniques, Firm Structure, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790601063014 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790601063014 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:1:p:52-74




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francisco Javier Fernandez Roca 
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco Javier Fernandez 
Author-X-Name-Last: Roca 
Title: The adaptive strategies of Spanish cotton industry companies, 1939-1970 
Abstract:
  This article explores the strategies carried out by the Spanish cotton
 industry, drawing the distinction between dynastic and non-dynastic
 companies, and the business strategies to preserve the family firm, to
 keep the control of management in the hands of the founder's family, and
 to maintain long-term living standards. To achieve this, companies showed
 a remarkable capacity to adapt to the changing institutional, political
 and economic context in Spain during the second half of the twentieth
 century. Finally, we measure the degree of success by looking at profits,
 profitability and ability of dynastic and non-dynastic companies to
 survive. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 75-97 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Cotton Industry, Business Strategies, Spain, Family Firm, Economic Autarchy, Franco, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790601063022 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790601063022 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:1:p:75-97




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger Lloyd-Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Roger 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lloyd-Jones 
Author-Name: M. J. Lewis 
Author-X-Name-First: M. J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lewis 
Title: 'A new paradigm of British business history': A critique of Toms and Wilson 
Abstract:
  We provide a critical reflection of Toms and Wilson's 'new paradigm of
 British business history' by focusing on the logical consistency of their
 model, the robustness of its predictive powers, and its explanation of
 transitional change related to stages of business capitalism. For example,
 central to the paradigm is the importance of accountability and external
 economies of scale, assumed as exogenous parameters in the analysis of
 British business history. This assumption is challenged, as is the
 predictive powers of the analytical matrix in providing an
 all-encompassing model for British business evolution. In particular, the
 transitional processes in British business history are not simply
 reducible to an assessment of accountability and economies of scale and
 scope, but rather to enhance our understanding there is a need also to
 engage with the concept of personal capitalism. While business historians
 should engage with theoretical frameworks, it must also be recognized that
 firms are idiosyncratic, a feature of business organizations that should
 not be lost. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 98-105 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Accountability, Business History Paradigms, Company Culture, Corporate Governance, Economies of Scale and Scope, Idiosyncratic Firm, Personal Capitalism, Structure and Strategy, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790601063063 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790601063063 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:1:p:98-105




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steven Toms 
Author-X-Name-First: Steven 
Author-X-Name-Last: Toms 
Author-Name: John Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Title: Scale, scope and accountability: A response to Lloyd-Jones and Lewis 
Abstract:
  This is a response to the critique by Lloyd-Jones and Lewis of our 2003
 Business History article. It makes a renewed case for the extension of
 business history research into corporate governance and accountability,
 such that this new dimension is considered in conjunction with the
 analysis of scale and scope. Our approach and that of Lloyd Jones and
 Lewis demonstrate that governance and accountability, or the lack of it,
 in conjunction with strategy and structure, are useful dimensions of the
 cases they analyse, and, we would continue to argue, in the general case
 as well. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 106-111 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Strategy and Structure, Corporate Governance and Accountability, Paradigms of Business History, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790601063089 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790601063089 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:1:p:106-111




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Billings 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Billings 
Author-Name: Forrest Capie 
Author-X-Name-First: Forrest 
Author-X-Name-Last: Capie 
Title: Capital in British banking, 1920-1970 
Abstract:
  British banks have long attached great importance to capital. Currently
 they are subject to greater scrutiny and regulation on this issue than
 ever before. However, it was not until the disclosure of 'hidden reserves'
 in 1970 that a true picture of British banks' capital emerged. This
 article uses archival evidence to reveal the capital ratios of several
 major banks for much of the twentieth century, and demonstrates how these
 ratios were influenced by official restrictions. Overall the banks
 maintained much higher levels of capital than implied by their published
 accounts, although the impact of official restrictions was to force them
 to operate with lower capital ratios than they desired. But it is argued
 that capital ratios were neither achieved nor maintained at the expense of
 reduced or less risky lending. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 139-162 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Banks, Banking History, Capital, Capital Adequacy, Hidden Reserves, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790601170231 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790601170231 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:2:p:139-162




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Graeme Milne 
Author-X-Name-First: Graeme 
Author-X-Name-Last: Milne 
Title: British business and the telephone, 1878-1911 
Abstract:
  Most research into the early telephone system has focused on telephone
 providers rather than users, and this article begins to address that
 imbalance. The telephone was initially used to improve internal
 communications within firms, by connecting offices with warehouses, or by
 enabling staff working away from the office to report back. With the
 expansion of exchange networks, the commercial, intermediary and brokering
 sectors became heavy users of the technology for routine information
 transfer within business districts. Business elites continued to favour
 face-to-face contact for strategic business negotiations, however, and
 delegated telephone use to their employees. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 163-185 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Telephones, Office Practice, Business Communications, White Collar Workers, Urban Infrastructure, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790601170280 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790601170280 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:2:p:163-185




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yovanna Pineda 
Author-X-Name-First: Yovanna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pineda 
Title: Manufacturing profits and strategies in Argentine industrial development, 1904-1930 
Abstract:
  This study focuses on the management strategies and profitability of 59
 manufacturing companies across ten sectors in Argentina between 1904 and
 1930. The manufacturers under study developed strategies best to control
 their environment. Common methods were diversification, self-financing,
 merging and political lobbying. The overall intent of these strategies was
 to protect their investment and better manage their companies by
 concentrating their sector and eliminating competition. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 186-210 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Entrepreneurship, Argentine Manufacturing, Company Profitability, Latin American Business History, Industry and Politics, Management Strategies, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790601170322 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790601170322 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:2:p:186-210




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emma Robertson 
Author-X-Name-First: Emma 
Author-X-Name-Last: Robertson 
Author-Name: Marek Korczynski 
Author-X-Name-First: Marek 
Author-X-Name-Last: Korczynski 
Author-Name: Michael Pickering 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pickering 
Title: Harmonious relations? Music at work in the Rowntree and Cadbury factories 
Abstract:
  The history of music in the workplace is a neglected area of study. This
 article explores the policies towards music in the paternalist Rowntree
 and Cadbury confectionery factories from the late nineteenth to the late
 twentieth century. We argue that the two firms were pioneering in their
 early use of music before becoming key players in the industrial welfare
 movement following the First World War. The broadcasting of music by
 Rowntree and Cadbury in the mid to late twentieth century is then placed
 in the context of a widespread adoption of tannoyed music in factories. We
 argue that music was employed as a means of easing the monotony of factory
 work whilst simultaneously aiming to improve productivity levels. However,
 as we demonstrate through oral history, women workers experienced music in
 ways not always in tune with management objectives. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 211-234 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Song, Women, Gender, Quaker, Paternalism, Industrial Welfare, Industrial Psychology, Industrial Health, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790601170355 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790601170355 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:2:p:211-234




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: Business interests versus geopolitics: The case of the Siberian pipeline in the 1980s 
Abstract:
  In the years 1979-1984, the Soviet authorities and various coalitions of
 Western European companies, some of them subsidiaries of US corporations
 or benefiting from licences and patents, supported by state authorities,
 negotiated several agreements to provide credit and equipment for the
 building of a 3,500-mile-long gas pipeline between Northern Central
 Siberia and Western Europe. There was a fierce controversy between the US
 and European states and firms whether to honour such contracts or not amid
 renewed geopolitical tensions between East and West. Business history was
 thus intimately mixed with geopolitics and corporate commercial and
 industrial tactics were challenged by diplomatic ethics. While the rules
 of capitalism can once more be discussed, the numerous lobbying circuits
 are reconstituted in this article as a way to determine the potential
 freedom of action of day-to-day business when confronted with high-level
 politics. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 235-254 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: American Foreign Policy, Banks, COMECON, COCOM, Cold War, Energy, East-West Trade, Embargoes, Energy Engineering, European Geopolitics, French Lobbying, NATO, Project Financing, Steel Industry, USSR, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790601170397 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790601170397 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:2:p:235-254




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Neil Rollings 
Author-X-Name-First: Neil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rollings 
Title: British business history: A review of the periodical literature for 2005 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 271-292 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Britain, Business History, Accounting History, Finance and Banking History, Organizational Change, Regulation, International Business Networks, Industrial Relations, Corporate Governance, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701294956 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701294956 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:3:p:271-292




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Caswill 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Caswill 
Author-Name: Robin Wensley 
Author-X-Name-First: Robin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wensley 
Title: Doors and boundaries: A recent history of the relationship between research and practice in UK organizational and management research 
Abstract:
  This article looks at a selection of significant episodes in the history
 of organizational and management research, and the policies in this field
 of the UK Social Science Research Council. The episodes begin in the
 Council's early days in the mid-1960s, and run through its high-profile
 efforts to improve management research at the end of the 1980s to the
 start of a new initiative sanctioned by the Council in 2001. They have
 been chosen because they are important milestones in the development of
 the field. They also illustrate a central issue which has been evident
 throughout the period: whether management research should be framed as
 essentially different or merely seen as carrying some sort of deficit or
 remedial gap with respect to the other 'founding disciplines'. They also
 illustrate an important dilemma facing the funding agency in its
 longstanding if erratic attempts to engage with the processes through
 which social science research is used&#xa0;-&#xa0;namely the tension
 between the goals and rhetoric of excellence and relevance. One episode
 which illustrates these issues particularly well is that of the Open Door
 Scheme, a radical SSRC innovation in the 1970s which encouraged
 non-academic participation in the selection of management research topics.
 Changes within the funding agency over the same period are crucial for
 this story. We reflect on their relevance for the episodic developments
 within management research. From these points of enquiry, we derive a
 historical, institutional analysis of the interactions between public
 research funding and management research, of the interplay between the
 worlds of practice and research, and the ways in which a dialectic has
 been constructed between concepts of use and relevance, on the one hand,
 and excellence and rigour on the other. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 293-320 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Research Policy, User Engagement, Relevance, Disciplinary Rigour, Public Funding, Social Science, Management Research, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701294964 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701294964 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:3:p:293-320




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Popp 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Popp 
Title: Building the market: John Shaw of Wolverhampton and commercial travelling in early nineteenth-century England 
Abstract:
  Presenting a detailed reconstruction of the commercial travels undertaken
 by English hardware factor John Shaw in the period 1810-1815, this article
 reappraises the somewhat neglected role of the commercial traveller in
 British business history. In particular, it will be shown how, by the
 early nineteenth century, commercial travelling was well established and
 displayed elements of 'modernity'. The case allows insights into the part
 played by factors and their commercial travellers in facilitating
 integration and specialization across the economy. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 321-347 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Commercial Travellers, Hardware, Black Country, Industrial Districts, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701294998 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701294998 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:3:p:321-347




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Niklas Jensen-Eriksen 
Author-X-Name-First: Niklas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jensen-Eriksen 
Title: The first wave of the Soviet oil offensive: The Anglo-American Alliance and the flow of 'Red Oil' to Finland during the 1950s 
Abstract:
  During the 1950s, many observers regarded the expansion of Soviet oil
 exports as a serious threat to Western political and economic interests.
 Finland was the first non-communist European country that started to buy
 Soviet oil on a large scale. This made the country vulnerable to Soviet
 political pressure. An examination of the Finnish case indicates that
 Anglo-American governments adopted a much more complex attitude towards
 the emergence of the Soviet Union as an exporter of oil than the Cold War
 rhetoric would suggest. The US and British governments were not
 automatically willing to support their oil companies or to try to block
 Soviet oil exports. Instead of seeing Soviet oil exports to Finland simply
 as a threat to Western interests, the Foreign Office and the State
 Department considered the precise implications that Finnish purchases of
 Soviet oil would have on Western strategic interests on a case-by-case
 basis. Many other government departments were more interested in promoting
 their own departmental interests. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 348-366 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Soviet Oil Exports, Cold War, Oil Industry, Business-Government Relations, Finland, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701295011 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701295011 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:3:p:348-366




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jose Luis Garcia Ruiz 
Author-X-Name-First: Jose Luis Garcia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ruiz 
Title: Cultural resistance and the gradual emergence of modern marketing and retailing practices in Spain, 1950-1975 
Abstract:
  The backwardness and autarky of early Francoism explain why Spain failed
 to enter the age of mass consumption before the late 1960s. The
 modernization of commercial practices lagged behind the rapid growth in
 income per capita. This article examines the different ways in which
 modern marketing methods were introduced in Spain during the 1950s and the
 1960s. It demonstrates that marketing as both concept and practice faced
 fierce cultural resistance, manifest in the derided image of the salesman
 and an enduring distrust of advertising. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 367-384 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Marketing, Advertising, Retailing, Americanization, Cultural Constraints, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701295029 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701295029 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:3:p:367-384




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Whittington 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Whittington 
Title: Introduction: Comparative perspectives on the managerial revolution 
Abstract:
  This article introduces this Business History special issue on the
 managerial revolution and the seven selected contributions. It argues for
 the central importance of the managerial revolution for business
 historians and the value of careful business history in appreciating the
 empirical complexity of both the original managerial revolution and the
 changes in capitalism today. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 399-403 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Managerial Revolution, Comparative Business History, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701295797 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701295797 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:4:p:399-403




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leslie Hannah 
Author-X-Name-First: Leslie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hannah 
Title: The 'Divorce' of ownership from control from 1900 onwards: Re-calibrating imagined global trends 
Abstract:
  In 1900 US business corporations were dominated by plutocratic family
 owners, while British and French quoted companies showed higher levels of
 divorce of shareholding owners from management controllers. Distinctive
 European 'democratic' corporate governance rules explain some of Europe's
 precocity and London's distinctive listing requirement of large 'free
 floats' was an important initial factor in manufacturing. Later in the
 twentieth century, the United States displaced France by further divorcing
 ownership from control. Business historians should direct their efforts to
 understanding why Britain was an early pioneer with persistent wide
 shareholding, why America took decades to catch up and why other countries
 did not build on their earlier lead (or even married ownership and control
 more closely). The pursuit of alternative (largely imagined) histories of
 national ownership differences could usefully be curtailed. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 404-438 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Ownership and Control, Share Ownership, Family Ownership, Managerial Capitalism, Corporate Governance, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701295821 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701295821 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:4:p:404-438




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hugo van Driel 
Author-X-Name-First: Hugo 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Driel 
Author-Name: Ferry de Goey 
Author-X-Name-First: Ferry 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Goey 
Author-Name: Jacques van Gerwen 
Author-X-Name-First: Jacques 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Gerwen 
Title: Testing the Chandler Thesis: Comparing middle management and administrative intensity in Dutch and US industries, 1900-1950 
Abstract:
  This article tests Alfred Chandler's thesis that the managerial
 revolution, that is, the building of managerial hierarchies, clustered in
 a selected set of industries where the need for co-ordination was
 particularly high. These fast-growing, capital-intensive, and high-volume
 producing industries are denoted as Chandlerian industries. We compare the
 latter with the other industries in the Netherlands and the USA using
 census data covering the first half of the twentieth century. The
 comparison reveals that administrative intensity, measured by the
 proportion of administrative employees to production workers (A/P-ratio),
 was clearly higher than average in the US Chandlerian industries in the
 sample used only from c. 1920, considerably later than Chandler's account
 suggests. In the Netherlands, the A/P-ratios of Chandlerian industries
 were considerably higher in all three reference years, but the more
 specific middle managers to workers ratio (MM/W-ratio) only in the middle
 one (1930). We conclude that differences in the need for co-ordination
 between industries in the Chandlerian sense are relevant for explaining
 the pattern in administrative intensity, but suggest
 that&#xa0;-&#xa0;given the high variety in scores on the A/P- and
 MM/W-ratios within the category of Chandlerian industries&#xa0;-&#xa0;one
 should take into consideration additional criteria in further exploring
 the 'logic' of the managerial revolution. Finally, in particular outside
 the USA, more consistent differences in administrative intensity between
 Chandlerian and non-Chandlerian industries are perhaps to be found only in
 the period after World War Two. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 439-463 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Managerial Revolution, Managerial Hierarchies, Middle Managers, Administrative Employees, Industry, Twentieth Century, The Netherlands, USA, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701296043 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701296043 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:4:p:439-463




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Rowlinson 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rowlinson 
Author-Name: Steven Toms 
Author-X-Name-First: Steven 
Author-X-Name-Last: Toms 
Author-Name: John F. Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: John F. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Title: Competing perspectives on the 'Managerial Revolution': From 'Managerialist' to 'Anti-Managerialist' 
Abstract:
  Debates about the role of capitalist corporations depend ultimately on
 their response to the enduring question of 'who controls the large modern
 corporation'. This article aims to identify various competing schools of
 thought that can be classified as 'managerialist' and
 'anti-managerialist', 'mainstream' and 'radical', which have emerged over
 the course of the last 70 years, moving on to consider how each has
 impacted on the discipline of business history. The paper utilizes a
 two-by-two matrix that divides theories along two dimensions to set out
 four alternative perspectives. Along the horizontal dimension,
 anti-managerialism is opposed to managerialism; along the vertical
 dimension, mainstream and radical perspectives are opposed. The article
 then assesses the extent to which these conflicting perspectives have
 influenced the work of business historians, from Chandler's earliest work
 through to more recent thinking on the links between corporate governance,
 accountability and broader market forces. Empirical examples are included
 highlighting these competing perspectives and their potential contribution
 to our understanding of business change. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 464-482 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Managerial Revolution, Managerialist Paradigm, Capitalist Systems, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701296100 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701296100 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:4:p:464-482




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marie-Laure Djelic 
Author-X-Name-First: Marie-Laure 
Author-X-Name-Last: Djelic 
Author-Name: Rolv Petter Amdam 
Author-X-Name-First: Rolv Petter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Amdam 
Title: Americanization in comparative perspective: The managerial revolution in France and Norway, 1940-1990 
Abstract:
  This article proposes a comparative account of the progress of the
 managerial revolution in France and Norway over the post-World War Two
 period. This account is set and framed within theoretical discussions on
 and around 'Americanization'. We argue that in both the French and
 Norwegian cases the managerial revolution has been closely tied to a
 process of Americanization that has had an impact on economic
 institutions, organizations and philosophy. The process of Americanization
 has to be contextualized for each of those two countries. The nature of
 the process has also evolved considerably over time&#xa0;-&#xa0;from 1945
 to today. Hence, we propose that the progress of the managerial revolution
 in France and Norway could be looked at as a non-linear process, albeit
 with a deep structural logic. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 483-505 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Managerial Revolution, Americanization, Norway, France, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701296167 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701296167 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:4:p:483-505




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Veronica Binda 
Author-X-Name-First: Veronica 
Author-X-Name-Last: Binda 
Author-Name: Martin Jes Iversen 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin Jes 
Author-X-Name-Last: Iversen 
Title: Towards a 'Managerial Revolution' in European Business? The transformation of Danish and Spanish Big Business, 1973-2003 
Abstract:
  This article examines the growth strategies and ownership of the 40
 largest corporations in Spain and Denmark from 1973 to 2003 in the light
 of European economic integration. It follows the tradition of the Harvard
 Program and builds on the work of Richard Whittington and Michael Mayers
 on the history of European corporations. These studies have been extended
 in three ways: geographically, introducing a small north European and a
 medium sized south European economy; methodologically by supplementing
 internationalization to diversification as main growth strategies; and
 chronologically by analysing three decades of corporate changes,
 1973-2003. The result showed no convergence in diversification or
 ownership patterns while in both countries the largest corporations were
 less market oriented and more international at the end of the period. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 506-530 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: SSOP Analysis, Big Business, Corporate Ownership, Diversification Strategy, Internationalization Strategy, Europeanization, Denmark, Spain, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701296217 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701296217 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:4:p:506-530




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mairi Maclean 
Author-X-Name-First: Mairi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maclean 
Author-Name: Charles Harvey 
Author-X-Name-First: Charles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harvey 
Author-Name: Jon Press 
Author-X-Name-First: Jon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Press 
Title: Managerialism and the Post-war evolution of the French national business system 
Abstract:
  Managerial revolutions&#xa0;-&#xa0;which witness the appropriation of
 corporate power by professional managers&#xa0;-&#xa0;come in different
 shapes and sizes. This article builds upon existing critiques of
 Chandler's universal theory of the managerial revolution through reference
 to the French national business system, arguing that the concept of the
 managerial revolution is best understood within specific cultural
 contexts, elite ideologies and national business systems. It demonstrates,
 through the inclusion of original data, and a business historical case
 study, that the French model of capitalism is distinguished by continuing
 links between the state and business, by the density of its corporate
 networks, and the large number of elite actors with experience of working
 in an executive capacity in both the public and private sectors, in stark
 contrast to the UK. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 531-551 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Elites, French National Business System, Managerial Revolution, Networks, State-Business Relations, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701296332 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701296332 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:4:p:531-551




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Folkman 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Folkman 
Author-Name: Julie Froud 
Author-X-Name-First: Julie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Froud 
Author-Name: Sukhdev Johal 
Author-X-Name-First: Sukhdev 
Author-X-Name-Last: Johal 
Author-Name: Karel Williams 
Author-X-Name-First: Karel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Williams 
Title: Working for themselves? Capital market intermediaries and present day capitalism 
Abstract:
  This article uses earlier debates on managerial capitalism to set up and
 explore questions about the role and possible effects of fee-earning
 capital market intermediaries in present day capitalism. The question then
 becomes whether a new group of actors (the capital market intermediaries)
 have taken a new leading role in the economy, in part by constraining the
 discretionary power of an old group of actors, the salaried corporate
 managers. A broader analysis of the new group of intermediaries makes two
 key points: first, business models in activities such as investment
 banking, corporate law and private equity all generate substantial rewards
 for senior intermediaries; second, the different agendas of these
 different groups have the net effect of encouraging an economy of
 permanent restructuring. The conclusion highlights differences between the
 managerial revolution and the rise of new intermediaries, while noting the
 role of this new group in an economy of permanent restructuring. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 552-572 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Capital Market Intermediaries, Managerial Capitalism, Investment Banking, Private Equity, Corporate Restructuring, The City, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701296373 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701296373 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:4:p:552-572




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Freeman 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Freeman 
Author-Name: Robin Pearson 
Author-X-Name-First: Robin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson 
Author-Name: James Taylor 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor 
Title: Technological change and the governance of joint-stock enterprise in the early nineteenth century: The case of coastal shipping 
Abstract:
  Recent studies of the innovation process have viewed it as the outcome of
 organizational dynamics rather than as the product of technological
 developments exogenous to the governance of firms. We apply this approach
 to our examination of British coastal shipping companies during the early
 nineteenth century as they grappled with the problem of making a
 successful transition from sail to steam technology. Within the industry
 there were contrasting responses to this transition, but also common
 elements in the decision-making process. Before the 1840s, there remained
 a widespread assumption of shareholder involvement in this sector as in
 others. The evidence suggests that shipping company directors were
 generally able to determine resource-allocation decisions, but not without
 first taking into account governance relations. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 573-594 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Corporate Governance, Shipping, Nineteenth Century, Technology, Shareholders, Steamships, Joint-Stock Companies, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701427630 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701427630 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:5:p:573-594




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter S&#xf8;rensen 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: S&#xf8;rensen 
Author-Name: Kurt Pedersen 
Author-X-Name-First: Kurt 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pedersen 
Title: Limits to Scale and Scope: The Failure of a Danish Slaughterhouse Merger in 1890/91 
Abstract:
  The seminal work of Alfred Chandler was based on observations relating to
 the so-called second industrial revolution. They concerned the development
 of the large modern manufacturing company and the paths of that
 development. This article attempts to apply the framework to a failed
 Danish slaughterhouse merger in 1890/91 between the established private
 slaughterhouses and the rising co-operative ones. The article deals with
 the question of the relevance of Chandler's concepts to the negotiation
 process and with that of the limits to the explanatory power of the
 framework. In order to answer these questions, the motives of both parties
 as well as the negotiation process are investigated in some depth. The
 analysis provides evidence that both sides made considerable use of
 arguments in line with Chandler's concepts and serving as a vehicle for
 creating mutual understanding of the economic rationale behind the merger.
 The article presents and discusses a number of factors and aspects that
 stalled the process and eventually caused the failure. These factors are
 all outside Chandler's universe, the corollary being that while 'economic'
 arguments unequivocally favoured the merger, 'extra-economic' factors were
 powerful enough to nullify the economic rationale. Technological and
 economic arguments were overpowered by political and social ones. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 595-624 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Slaughterhouses, Mergers, Negotiations, Motivation Research, Scale and Scope, Co-operative Movement, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701695566 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701695566 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:5:p:595-624




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nuno Luis Madureira 
Author-X-Name-First: Nuno Luis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Madureira 
Title: Enterprises, incentives and networks: The formative years of the electrical network in Portugal, 1920-1947 
Abstract:
  Path-dependence, the formation of technological irreversibilities and
 ownership patterns, have recently been salient aspects in the study of
 historical networks. This article analyses the formative years of public
 utilities in a period where the advantages of co-ordination,
 interconnection or integration between enterprises was still incipient.
 The purpose is to understand what happens when the competition to expand
 the physical extensions of nodes and links is suddenly blocked, and the
 enterprises can only compete to increase supply. The theme is thus of
 network enterprises operating without some of the standard incentives to
 economies of scale. The allocational and distributional consequences of
 this particular situation are exposed through an examination of the case
 study of Portuguese electrification in the first half of the twentieth
 century. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 625-645 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Networks, Electricity Diffusion, Business Strategies, Network Externalities, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701427820 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701427820 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:5:p:625-645




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paloma Fernandez Perez 
Author-X-Name-First: Paloma Fernandez 
Author-X-Name-Last: Perez 
Title: Small firms and networks in capital intensive industries: The case of Spanish steel wire manufacturing 
Abstract:
  This article uses an interdisciplinary approach to gain a better
 understanding of the organization of the Spanish industry in a long-term
 perspective. Sociological concepts about networks, and studies about
 family firms from management and business history literatures, are
 combined to illuminate the dominance of family ownership in capital
 intensive industries. Popp, Toms and Wilson's work on the spatialization
 of resource distribution and resource dependence has been used to
 understand the dominance of small family firms co-ordinated by networks in
 the particular case study of the Spanish steel wire manufactures. The
 article also has important implications for questioning Casson's
 interpretation about the difficulties dynastic family firms may have in
 science-wire rod industries. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 647-667 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Family Firms, Steel Wire Industries, Networks, Resource Distribution, Resource Dependence, Spanish Industry, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701428646 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701428646 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:5:p:647-667




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Smith 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith 
Title: Defence contractors and diversification into the civil sector: Rolls-Royce, 1945-2005 
Abstract:
  A number of studies have shown that defence contractors have exhibited a
 marked reluctance to diversify away from defence and develop civil
 applications. However, the aero engine manufacturer Rolls-Royce is one
 defence contractor to which this does not apply. Over a 60-year period it
 has moved from being almost entirely dependent on defence work to a point
 where defence now constitutes barely one-fifth of its turnover. This
 article examines the development of the company's civil aerospace business
 over the period since 1945. It focuses specifically on the strategies used
 by Rolls-Royce in the civil aerospace field. These strategies are explored
 in the context of changes in market conditions, technology, and governance
 arrangements. The effectiveness of the various strategies, including their
 contribution to the company's current position, is evaluated. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 669-694 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Aerospace Industry, Defence Diversification, Strategy, Technology, Gas Turbine, Rolls-Royce, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701428661 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701428661 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:5:p:669-694




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ufuk Cakmakc&#x131; 
Author-X-Name-First: Ufuk 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cakmakc&#x131; 
Author-Name: Beyza Oba 
Author-X-Name-First: Beyza 
Author-X-Name-Last: Oba 
Title: The Role of Employer Unions in Hegemonic Struggle, Interest Representation and Promotion of Managerial Perspectives in Turkey 
Abstract:
  This article explores power and hegemony in the context of industrial
 relations in Turkey. Analysis of interest, articulation and representation
 is built around three strands: a Gramscian reading of hegemony,
 periodization through the political economy of industrial relations and
 the communicative action staged by the prominent employer union. Starting
 with the 1970s, continuities and shifts in discourse are identified. The
 rise and fall of different voices (i.e. insiders and outsiders) in texts
 point towards a search for a full blown hegemony in the 1990s with a new
 set of challenges confronted and resolved through new legislation passed
 in 2003. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 695-716 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Employer Unions, Hegemonic Struggle, Industrial Relations, Power Relations, Gramsci, Turkey, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701695657 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701695657 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:5:p:695-716




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Nyland 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nyland 
Author-Name: Amanda McLeod 
Author-X-Name-First: Amanda 
Author-X-Name-Last: McLeod 
Title: The scientific management of the consumer interest 
Abstract:
  Beginning in the late 1980s, the widely held assumption that scientific
 management (Taylorism) was an authoritarian and mechanical body of thought
 and practice began to be subjected to sustained challenge. Underpinning
 this contest was a growing understanding that, in his last years,
 Frederick Winslow Taylor became acutely aware that the ability of business
 interests to dominate enterprise governance was a major barrier to the
 development of forms of management in which scientific knowledge, rather
 than vested interests, dictate decision making. Building on this new
 understanding, scholars have subsequently uncovered a number of the ways
 by which Taylor and his colleagues and heirs sought to broaden access to
 management knowledge and assist the creation of a democratic social and
 intellectual space within which a science of management could flourish.
 One aspect of this history not previously brought to light is the fact
 that Taylor and a number of his disciples utilized their technical and
 political skills to assist consumers to gain access to the knowledge they
 required if they were to adequately defend themselves against the
 interests of business and the state. In this article, we seek to correct
 this omission by detailing the three major ways in which Taylor and his
 colleagues sought to increase the ability of the consumer to make informed
 decisions. In so doing, we also explain why their efforts attracted a
 level of business hostility that in the 1930s became vitriolic and
 subsequently drew the attention of the House of Representatives'
 Un-American Activities Committee. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 717-735 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Collaborative Management, Sweated Labour, Cold War, Consumer Activism, Consumer Protection, Consumerism, McCarthyism, Scientific Management, Taylorism, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701428703 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701428703 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:5:p:717-735




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mary O'Sullivan 
Author-X-Name-First: Mary 
Author-X-Name-Last: O'Sullivan 
Title: Usinor-Arcelor: Du local au global&#xa0;&#x2026; 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 737-743 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701428760 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701428760 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:5:p:737-743




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Derek Matthews 
Author-X-Name-First: Derek 
Author-X-Name-Last: Matthews 
Title: The performance of British manufacturing in the Post-War long boom 
Abstract:
  This article questions the notion which has gained ground recently in the
 writing of Booth and others that British manufacturing did not fail in the
 post-Second World War long boom, 1950-1973. By all the traditional
 measures of performance&#xa0;-&#xa0;output growth rates, productivity
 growth rates and levels, exports, and profitability&#xa0;-&#xa0;it can be
 re-affirmed that British manufacturing was out-competed by her rivals.
 Booth, Broadberry and others have also argued that manufacturing is of
 less importance to economic growth than services; this too is questioned. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 763-779 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: British Economy, Long Boom, Manufacturing, Services, Economic Growth, Productivity, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701710217 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701710217 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:6:p:763-779




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tim Crumplin 
Author-X-Name-First: Tim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Crumplin 
Title: Opaque Networks: Business and community in the Isle of Man, 1840-1900 
Abstract:
  The role of 'opaque' networks are analysed within the context of an
 infant economy with low levels of corporate governance. A period of
 economic expansion is studied, documenting the effects of credit
 liberalisation. This article outlines the significance of networks,
 emerging business cliques, particularly around financial institutions and
 the interlocking directorates these affiliations allow. Their effects upon
 financial reporting, business credibility and its effects upon the network
 life cycle are considered. Market manipulation, the importance of
 monitoring in instances of unsophisticated governance structures and the
 agents used (but particularly local/national press) are all analysed. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 780-801 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Opaque Network, Corporate Governance, Financial Liberalisation, Interlocking Directorates, Financial Reporting, Monitoring, Cronyism, Business Clusters, Bank Crises, Isle of Man, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701710233 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701710233 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:6:p:780-801




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Hawkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hawkins 
Title: American boomers and the flotation of shares in the city of London in the late nineteenth century 
Abstract:
  During the late nineteenth century there was a wave of promotions of
 American companies on the London Stock Exchange, which have been described
 as 'free-standing'. The British company promoter, H. Osborne O'Hagan, is
 often regarded as the first mover in these promotions, a view based on his
 autobiography. This article suggests that, in fact, the American lawyer
 promoters, Samuel and Isaac Untermyer, were the first movers in these
 company promotions. This article looks at a number of free-standing
 companies where everyday managerial control was retained by the original
 managers, and in particular, the case of the Untermyer brothers who
 competed with O'Hagan. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 802-822 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Samuel Untermyer, Isaac Untermyer, H. Osborne O'Hagan, Leopold Salomons, Henry Isaacs, Trustees, Executors & Securities Insurance Corporation Ltd, Foreign Portfolio Investment, Free-standing Companies, American Brewing Industry, American Tin Mining Industry, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701710282 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701710282 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:6:p:802-822




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Howard Cox 
Author-X-Name-First: Howard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cox 
Title: Business on trial: The tobacco securities trust and the 1935 pepper debacle 
Abstract:
  The prosecution and imprisonment of Lord Kylsant in 1931, following the
 collapse of the Royal Mail Shipping Group, has long been acknowledged as a
 landmark event in the history of financial accounting. Far less attention
 has been given to the equally high profile conviction and imprisonment of
 three businessmen four years later in the wake of the notorious pepper
 scandal. This article examines the background to the scandal, particularly
 the role played by an investment vehicle called the Tobacco Securities
 Trust, and compares the subsequent trial and conviction to that of the
 Royal Mail case. The findings of the article serve to endorse studies by
 accounting historians arguing that Britain's legal environment played a
 critical role in promoting improvements in the financial disclosure
 policies evidenced amongst leading British companies during the second
 quarter of the twentieth century. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 823-843 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Financial Disclosure, Primary Commodities, Tin, Shellac, Pepper, Commodity Restriction Schemes, Company Prospectus, Official Receiver, Bankruptcy, Foreign Investments, Royal Mail Case (1931), Boots Pure Drug Co, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701710316 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701710316 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:6:p:823-843




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Greg Patmore 
Author-X-Name-First: Greg 
Author-X-Name-Last: Patmore 
Title: Employee representation plans at the Minnequa Steelworks, Pueblo, Colorado, 1915-1942 
Abstract:
  There has been revival of interest in employment representation plans as
 an alternative way of giving employees a 'voice' in a period of declining
 trade union density. J.D. Rockefeller Jr. played a crucial role in
 establishing the movement for employee representation plans in the United
 States before the Second World War, which at one stage may have covered
 more workers than unions. He established his employee representation plan
 at the Colorado Fuel & Iron Company (CFI) in the wake of the Ludlow
 massacre of 1914 and it served as a model for other employers. This
 article examines his Plan at the CFI's Pueblo steelworks, which survived
 for 26 years. It examines to what degree the Plan gave voice to the
 steelworks employees and to what extent the Plan was a union avoidance
 strategy. It also highlights union efforts to destroy the Plan in the 1919
 Steel Strike and the impact of resistance from supervisors, who resented
 the undermining of their authority by the Plan. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 844-867 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Colorado Fuel & Iron, John D. Rockefeller, Jr, Employee Representation Plans, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701710340 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701710340 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:6:p:844-867




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jill Hills 
Author-X-Name-First: Jill 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hills 
Title: Regulation, innovation and market structure in International Telecommunications: The case of the 1956 TAT1 submarine cable 
Abstract:
  This article sets out to demonstrate how regulation, markets and
 technology can be intertwined. It argues that the introduction of
 technology in a regulated market, such as that of international
 telecommunications, must be seen in terms of its impact on economic and
 political alliances in that regulatory market. It presents a case study of
 the first transatlantic telephone cable, TAT1&#xa0;-&#xa0;a joint project
 between the US company, American Telephone & Telegraph (AT&T), the British
 Post Office (GPO) and Canada's Overseas Telephone
 Corporation&#xa0;-&#xa0;and a coaxial cable proposed by another US
 company, International Telephone and Telegraph (ITT). Both cables became
 part of a British attempt to alter existing British and US domestic
 regulation of international telegraph transmission. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 868-885 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Telegraph, Telephone, International Telecommunications, Transatlantic Cable, Federal Communications Commission, Liberalisation, Regulation, Innovation, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701710373 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701710373 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:6:p:868-885




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tom McGovern 
Author-X-Name-First: Tom 
Author-X-Name-Last: McGovern 
Title: Why do successful companies fail? A case study of the decline of Dunlop 
Abstract:
  This article examines the internal and external factors that contributed
 to the decline of Dunlop. For much of its history Dunlop operated in a
 protected home market or instigated strategies to restrict competition.
 This enabled Dunlop to dominate the British tyre industry. The complacency
 and inertia of management was exposed by a number of external jolts that
 produced radical environmental changes. Management failed to develop
 appropriate strategies which led to large losses in an industry suffering
 from overcapacity. Plant closures and the divestment of the European tyre
 operations were implemented to reduce company debt. This turnaround
 strategy proved to be a temporary respite as Dunlop was acquired by BTR. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 886-907 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Dunlop, Tyre Industry, Organizational Decline, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701710407 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701710407 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:6:p:886-907




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gerald Crompton 
Author-X-Name-First: Gerald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Crompton 
Author-Name: Robert Jupe 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jupe 
Title: Network Rail&#xa0;-&#xa0;forward or backward? Not-for-profit in British transport 
Abstract:
  This article examines the brief and unsuccessful career of the
 privately-owned infrastructure company, Railtrack, and its part in the
 privatised railway system in the UK between 1996 and 2001. It discusses
 the decision of the British government to discontinue public support for
 Railtrack and to set up a new not-for-profit company, Network Rail, to
 replace it. The ongoing public debate over these events and the prospects
 for the new company are analysed. Two earlier, and broadly successful,
 examples of not-for-profit companies in British transport history, are
 briefly considered for comparative purposes&#xa0;-&#xa0;the Port of London
 Authority and the London Passenger Transport Board. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 908-928 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 49 
Year: 2007 
Keywords: Railtrack, Network Rail, Nationalisation, Privatisation, Not-for-Profit, Companies limited by Guarantee, Port of London Authority, London Passenger Transport Board, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701710423 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701710423 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:49:y:2007:i:6:p:908-928




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Author-Name: Steven Toms 
Author-X-Name-First: Steven 
Author-X-Name-Last: Toms 
Author-Name: Jon Press 
Author-X-Name-First: Jon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Press 
Author-Name: Andrew Popp 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Popp 
Author-Name: Teresa da Silva Lopes 
Author-X-Name-First: Teresa da Silva 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lopes 
Title: Tribute to Charles Harvey 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-3 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701785557 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701785557 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:1:p:1-3




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Title: Marketing mass home ownership and the creation of the modern working-class consumer in inter-war Britain 
Abstract:
  During the 1930s the British building industry and building society
 movement waged an aggressive campaign to sell the idea of home ownership
 to a new mass market. A number of sophisticated marketing strategies were
 employed to transform the popular image of a mortgage from 'a millstone
 round your neck' to a key element of a new, suburbanized, aspirational
 lifestyle. Despite opportunistic behaviour by some developers, the
 spectacular success of this campaign both contributed to the fastest rate
 of growth in working-class owner-occupation during the twentieth century
 and had a substantial impact on consumption patterns for families that
 moved to the new estates. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 4-25 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: marketing, housing, consumption, owner-occupation, building industry, building societies, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701785581 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701785581 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Hearn 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hearn 
Title: Productivity and patriotism: The management narrative of New South Wales Rail Chief Commissioner James Fraser, 1917-1929 
Abstract:
  The management narrative of James Fraser, the Chief Commissioner of the
 NSW Railways and Tramway Department, 1917-1929, provided the defining
 values of the Department's organizational discourse and reflected the aims
 of transformational leadership, inspiring managers and staff to share the
 values he advocated. Fraser sought to impose a regime of disciplined
 productivity upon rail and tram workers based on scientific management
 techniques, and linked appeals to increased productivity with patriotism
 to manage the stresses imposed on the Department during World War I.
 Fraser's narrative reflected the values of liberal governmentality in
 shaping the conduct and culture of the workforce. It is argued that the
 narrative turn may establish a more fruitful analytical relationship
 between business history and organization studies by uncovering the
 discursive codes and values embedded in organizational culture and
 practice. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 26-39 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: organizational discourse, liberal governmentality, narrative theory, leadership, scientific management, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701785599 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701785599 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:1:p:26-39




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jesper Strandskov 
Author-X-Name-First: Jesper 
Author-X-Name-Last: Strandskov 
Author-Name: Kurt Pedersen 
Author-X-Name-First: Kurt 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pedersen 
Title: The foreign expansion of a service company: The case of ISS A/S 
Abstract:
  The internationalization of business increasingly is led by service
 sectors, particularly services based on highly skilled labour industries.
 This article explores a quite different range of services - those that
 employ low-skilled workers in labour-intensive services. The article is
 based on the case of ISS - International Service Systems - which over the
 past four decades has pursued an aggressive internationalization strategy.
 The article describes the foreign expansion history in the period from
 1960 to the year 2000 that reflected the vision of top management in
 combination with the development of a unique business model. In order to
 explain its development, three theoretical frameworks are highlighted, and
 it is shown that the resource-based view offers a convincing frame of
 interpretation. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 40-61 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: internationalization, foreign acquisitions, service industry, resource-based theory, ISS international service system, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701785615 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701785615 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:1:p:40-61




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gareth Shaw 
Author-X-Name-First: Gareth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shaw 
Author-Name: Andrew Alexander 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alexander 
Title: British co-operative societies as retail innovators: Interpreting the early stages of the self-service revolution 
Abstract:
  This article examines the early stages of the self-service and
 supermarket innovations in post-war Britain. It does so in the context of
 co-operative retailers and in particular investigates both why such
 organizations were pre-eminent in the adoption of self-service as well as
 how they interpreted the innovation. These ideas are framed within a more
 general discussion of the 'models' of retail innovation and especially the
 notion of format innovations. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 62-78 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: self-service, supermarket, co-operative societies, retail innovation, post-war Britain, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701785623 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701785623 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:1:p:62-78




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Amanda McLeod 
Author-X-Name-First: Amanda 
Author-X-Name-Last: McLeod 
Title: Quality control: The origins of the Australian Consumers' Association 
Abstract:
  The Australian Consumers' Association (ACA) was formed in 1959 in
 response to increasing market competition, falling product standards and
 mass manipulation by marketers. Despite being the first, largest and most
 influential consumer organization in Australia, the Association and the
 origin of the Australian consumer movement have been little studied. From
 its inception, the ACA acted as mass production's quality controller,
 directing its fire against the mass marketing methods that obscured
 rational consumer choice. But rather than rejecting the dual principles of
 mass production and mass consumption, the ACA sought to reform the system
 by equipping rational, informed consumers with independent, scientific
 information about products. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 79-98 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: Australian Consumers' Association, advertising, business, consumer, consumer affairs, consumerism, consumer protection, demand management, marketing, market research, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701785664 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701785664 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:1:p:79-98




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Author-Name: Steven Toms 
Author-X-Name-First: Steven 
Author-X-Name-Last: Toms 
Title: Fifty years of Business History 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 125-126 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790801994042 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790801994042 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:2:p:125-126




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Quail 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Quail 
Title: Becoming fully functional: The conceptual struggle for a new structure for the giant corporation in the US and UK in the first half of the twentieth century 
Abstract:
  The rapid growth of the larger corporations in the US from the late
 nineteenth century onwards made the question of the appropriate structure
 for these new corporate giants of increasing importance to management
 writers. Particularly difficult was the relationship between line
 management and functional management as management hierarchies lengthened
 and specialisms grew in number and scope. Developing ideas from F.W.
 Taylor and Harrington Emerson by US and UK writers brought confusion as
 much as it brought progress. Attempts from the late 1920s to evolve
 organisational proposals by establishing principles of organisation
 brought modest advances but no conceptual breakthroughs. By the Second
 World War no management writers appear to have proposed or identified
 anything resembling the multidivisional form. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 127-146 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: corporate structures, line management, functional management, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701853363 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701853363 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:2:p:127-146




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Eugenia Mata 
Author-X-Name-First: Maria Eugenia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mata 
Title: The role of implicit contracts: Building public works in the 1840s in Portugal 
Abstract:
  This article studies financial schemes for building public works in the
 1840s. The study of the Portuguese case clearly illustrates the importance
 of implicit contracts with governments in peripheral Europe, shedding
 light on solutions for financing the provision of public goods. Building
 roads and railways seems to have been the fruit of an implicit contract
 behind the tobacco monopoly in a country involved in social turmoil and
 civil wars. Reputation effects are called to explain the relevant range of
 the partners' negotiations, to reject the traditional historiography based
 on wrong management and speculation in a period of savage capitalism. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 147-162 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: financing public goods, feasibility of self-enforcement contracts, implicit contracts, bargaining, business in nineteenth-century peripheral Europe, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701853421 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701853421 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:2:p:147-162




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miguel Lopez-Morell 
Author-X-Name-First: Miguel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lopez-Morell 
Author-Name: Jose O'Kean 
Author-X-Name-First: Jose 
Author-X-Name-Last: O'Kean 
Title: A stable network as a source of entrepreneurial opportunities: The Rothschilds in Spain, 1835-1931 
Abstract:
  Taking business decisions in large corporations requires the
 establishment of a competent network to channel information, permit the
 delegation of routine decisions, and assure the whole process is
 undertaken in the strictest confidence. Recent theories on social networks
 and the carrying out of the entrepreneurial function tackle these
 questions and constitute a new perspective for examining business cases.
 From this viewpoint, the present article seeks to analyse the
 entrepreneurial network established in Spain by the House of Rothschild
 between 1835 and 1931. It was a perfectly structured network that
 differentiated between agents, clientele, partners, and correspondents in
 a web of firms and institutions that allowed the Rothschilds to exercise
 their industrial and financial hegemony and consolidate themselves as the
 country's largest investor in the financial, industrial, railway and
 mining sectors throughout the stated period. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 163-184 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: Rothschild, social networks, entrepreneurship, Spain 1835-1931, foreign investments in Spain, railways, mining and refining companies, international raw material markets, investment banks, public finances, agency problems, rent-seeking, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701868569 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701868569 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:2:p:163-184




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Higgins 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Higgins 
Author-Name: Mads Mordhorst 
Author-X-Name-First: Mads 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mordhorst 
Title: Reputation and export performance: Danish butter exports and the British market, c.1880-c.1914 
Abstract:
  This article extends current scholarship on the role of branding and
 trade marking in establishing competitive advantage. Using a case study of
 Danish butter exports to the British market, 1880-1914, we demonstrate
 that many of the technological and organisational innovations in this
 industry were not in themselves sufficient to guarantee that Danish butter
 would command price premiums in the British market. We argue that the
 introduction of the 'Lurbrand', together with the rigorous prosecution of
 vendors misrepresenting other butters as Danish, were vital to maintaining
 the reputation of Danish butter at a time when rival countries were
 producing butter of comparable quality. Of particular importance to
 current debates on branding and trade marking is our finding that
 independent butter producers collaborated with the Danish government to
 use the same trade mark and to ensure that state inspection guaranteed
 that Danish butter was produced consistently to the highest quality. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 185-204 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: reputation, branding, trade marks, price premiums, Danish butter exports, 'Lurbrand', 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701868601 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701868601 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:2:p:185-204




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mila Davids 
Author-X-Name-First: Mila 
Author-X-Name-Last: Davids 
Author-Name: Hans Schippers 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schippers 
Title: Innovations in Dutch shipbuilding in the first half of the twentieth century 
Abstract:
  In this article, we focus on the Dutch shipbuilding sector in the first
 half of the twentieth century and address the question of how its
 innovative capacity evolved over time. Our attention to the importance of
 the whole constellation of actors in Dutch shipbuilding, their
 interrelations, interactions, and interdependence, as well as the
 institutional setting for innovation processes, contributes to gaining a
 better understanding of innovation in this sector. The article shows that
 the development of public knowledge institutes and the growth of
 scientific interest in Dutch shipbuilding was a slow process. Moreover,
 the developing knowledge infrastructure in the Netherlands did not lessen
 the dependence on foreign knowledge. The article illustrates that the
 relations between actors and the importance of specific knowledge sources
 changed over time. It also sheds light on an often neglected aspect in
 system of innovation studies, the importance of individuals. This personal
 aspect helps explain why the importance of national contexts can differ
 considerably. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 205-225 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: the Netherlands, shipbuilding, system of innovation approach, knowledge infrastructure, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790701868643 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790701868643 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:2:p:205-225




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gareth Shaw 
Author-X-Name-First: Gareth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shaw 
Author-Name: Andrew Alexander 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alexander 
Title: British co-operative societies as retail innovators: Interpreting the early stages of the self-service revolution 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 251-252 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790801996708 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790801996708 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:2:p:251-252




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Heller 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Heller 
Title: Work, income and stability: The late Victorian and Edwardian London male clerk revisited 
Abstract:
  The article questions the view that the economic position of male
 clerical workers in London was deteriorating over the period 1870-1914. It
 is generally accepted that clerical work for men suffered a downturn due
 to the impact of the Second Industrial Revolution which transformed office
 work as a result of the application of technology, the introduction of a
 female workforce, rational working practices and the rise of large-scale,
 complex bureaucracies. Examining male clerical workers in London, the
 article argues that there is evidence to query this portrayal of decline.
 Salaries appear to have increased, promotional opportunities remained
 strong and clerical work was a popular choice for many individuals. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 253-271 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: London, clerical work, office work, clerk, bureaucracy, salary, promotion, management, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790801967436 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790801967436 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:3:p:253-271




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anne Kelk Mager 
Author-X-Name-First: Anne Kelk 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mager 
Title: Apartheid and business: Competition, monopoly and the growth of the malted beer industry in South Africa 
Abstract:
  The South African brewing industry experienced enormous growth in the
 apartheid era, following the lifting of prohibition on the sale of
 'European liquor' to Africans in 1961. Successive international brewers
 and local entrepreneurs sought to benefit from increased demand in the
 1970s but were unable to withstand competition from South African
 Breweries (SAB), the dominant player in the industry. A decade of intense
 competition in the brewing industry ended with the intervention of the
 cabinet of the Afrikaner Nationalist government. SAB's status as 'sole
 supplier to the industry' remained virtually unchallenged until the demise
 of apartheid and the end of South Africa's international isolation. The
 end of apartheid and changes in the global brewing industry brought
 renewed competition to the South African beer market in the late 1990s and
 early 2000s. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 272-290 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: beer industry, South Africa, competition, apartheid, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790801967451 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790801967451 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:3:p:272-290




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hugh Murphy 
Author-X-Name-First: Hugh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Murphy 
Author-Name: Stig Tenold 
Author-X-Name-First: Stig 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tenold 
Title: Strategies, market concentration and hegemony in chemical parcel tanker shipping, 1960-1985 
Abstract:
  The article analyses the emergence of chemical shipping as a specialised
 shipping segment. In the 1950s and 1960s seaborne transport of chemicals
 was characterised by rapid technological development, based on the
 introduction of parcel tankers, which could carry chemicals in bulk. By
 the early 1970s two Norwegian companies had built up substantial market
 shares, but were challenged by financially stronger British companies. The
 article traces the background of the main companies involved in chemical
 shipping in the 1970s, by which stage market concentration was evident. We
 look at their entry into the market and their strategies. First mover
 advantages, determination to remain market leaders, fleet structure and
 timing go a long way to explaining why by the mid-1980s the Norwegians had
 managed to fend off the British challenge. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 291-309 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: chemicals, shipping, parcel tankers, chemical tankers, Norway, shipping companies, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790801967477 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790801967477 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:3:p:291-309




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juan Banos Sanchez-Matamoros 
Author-X-Name-First: Juan Banos 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sanchez-Matamoros 
Author-Name: Gloria Cuevas-Rodriguez 
Author-X-Name-First: Gloria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cuevas-Rodriguez 
Title: The organisational structure of Spanish New Settlements in the eighteenth century 
Abstract:
  This paper analyses the organisational design of New Settlements (NS) of
 Sierra Morena, a Spanish farming and colonist project of the eighteenth
 century. Using archival data, historical facts during the period 1767-1772
 are identified, collected and examined to understand how these settlements
 were structured. The reconstructions of their practices demonstrated that,
 in the eighteenth century, organisations already had the disciplinary
 techniques and dimensions of Weber's rational-legal bureaucracy. In fact,
 we observed the evolution of NS through three different organisational
 structures (configurations) to become more effective - rational - over
 time. This comprehensive analysis also provides evidence of how the
 colonies' growth (and their organisational complexity) implied changes to
 the co-ordination mechanisms used. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 310-327 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: organisational structure, eighteenth century, New Settlements (NS) of Sierra Morena, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790801968913 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790801968913 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:3:p:310-327




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. J. Arnold 
Author-X-Name-First: A. J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Arnold 
Author-Name: J. M. Bidmead 
Author-X-Name-First: J. M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bidmead 
Title: Going 'to paradise by way of Kensal Green': A most unfit subject for trading profit? 
Abstract:
  Since the Reformation, the established Church had monopolised the English
 burial trade. In London, in the 1830s, burial conditions posed a serious
 threat to public health and a number of limited liability companies were
 licensed by Parliament to provide new facilities for the interment of the
 dead on the edges of the city, before the main responsibility was then
 transferred to local government. The paper examines the changes in
 government thinking that lay behind these policy shifts and explains why
 private sector capitalists were unable to meet the various expectations of
 customers in the London burial market, its own stakeholders and society
 more generally. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 328-350 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: burials, public health and municipalities, joint-stock companies, privatisation, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790801968921 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790801968921 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:3:p:328-350




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eric Berkers 
Author-X-Name-First: Eric 
Author-X-Name-Last: Berkers 
Title: Tastes differ: Comparing company strategies, innovation trajectories and knowledge sources in Dutch soft drink production in the 1930s 
Abstract:
  Impelled by a crisis in Dutch horticulture in the early 1930s, two Dutch
 food preserving companies, Hero and De Betuwe, decided to start producing
 non-alcoholic drinks made from fruits and vegetables. Different kinds of
 knowledge were needed for this radical innovation. Innovation trajectories
 were established and knowledge was incorporated, but the knowledge sources
 and 'knowledge filters' of the two companies were very different. Hero's
 Swiss parent played an important role in transferring Swiss knowledge of
 production techniques to its Dutch subsidiary company. De Betuwe, on the
 other hand, mainly relied on knowledge provided by the existing Dutch
 horticultural innovation network. While succeeding in the soft drink
 market was to a certain degree a competition between publicly available
 knowledge and private knowledge, in the end both companies succeeded in
 producing a comparable product, but their routes to success were
 different. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 351-367 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: innovation, knowledge, business strategy, the Netherlands, Switzerland, food processing industry, soft drinks, inter-war period, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790801968939 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790801968939 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:3:p:351-367




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Michayluk 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Michayluk 
Title: The rise and fall of single-letter ticker symbols 
Abstract:
  A single-letter stock ticker symbol is a limited resource - only 26
 possibilities are available in a stock universe of over 475,000 possible
 one-, two-, three- or four-letter ticker symbols. These symbols were first
 allocated based on trading volume therefore some of the most important
 companies at the time were initially placed into this group. This paper
 examines the history of this group of stocks and documents a decline in
 the importance of these firms due to a natural turnover in commercial
 leadership and no established mechanism to remove the single-letter
 designation from firms that lost their prominence. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 368-385 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: ticker symbols, American big business, New York Stock Exchange, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790801968947 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790801968947 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:3:p:368-385




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Karl Moore 
Author-X-Name-First: Karl 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moore 
Author-Name: Susan Reid 
Author-X-Name-First: Susan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Reid 
Title: The birth of brand: 4000 years of branding 
Abstract:
  This article seeks to show that brands and branding are as old as known
 civilisation. We derive evidence of branding, in various forms, from
 historical periods beginning 2250 BC in the Indus Valley, through to 300
 BC in Greece. This evidence is compared with modern research directed
 toward developing a meaning of 'brand'. We observe a gradual transition
 from a more utilitarian provision of information regarding origin and
 quality to the addition of more complex brand image characteristics over
 time, including status/power, added value and finally, the development of
 brand personality. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 419-432 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: brand, proto-brand, ancient world, brand personality, informational, transformational, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802106299 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802106299 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:4:p:419-432




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcelo Bucheli 
Author-X-Name-First: Marcelo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bucheli 
Title: Multinational corporations, totalitarian regimes and economic nationalism: United Fruit Company in Central America, 1899-1975 
Abstract:
  The US multinational United Fruit Company has been considered the
 quintessential representative of American imperialism in Central America.
 Not only did the company enjoy enormous privileges in that region, but
 also counted on authoritarian governments in dealing with labour unrest.
 The literature assumes that United Fruit and the dictators were natural
 allies due to their opposition to organised unionism. This paper shows
 that this alliance could only survive as long as the multinational
 provided the dictators with economic stability for the country. However,
 when the multinational proved to be incapable of doing that, the dictators
 allied with the working class to confront the multinational and extract
 higher rents from it. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 433-454 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: United Fruit Company, economic nationalism, foreign direct investment, multinationals and democracies, multinationals and dictatorships, Central America, 1970s oil crisis, banana industry, Honduras, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Panama, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802106315 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802106315 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:4:p:433-454




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Angel Calvo 
Author-X-Name-First: Angel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Calvo 
Title: State, firms and technology. The rise of multinational telecommunications companies: ITT and the Compania Telefonica Nacional de Espana, 1924-1945 
Abstract:
  This article addresses a major topic in business history: the strategies
 used by multinational telecommunications companies to establish themselves
 on the world stage. It seeks to explore two interconnected issues: how a
 new entrant-ITT-used the immature market of Spain in its strategy for
 expansion, and how Spanish national institutions and government regulation
 influenced this process. With the backing of the US banks and government,
 ITT created a Spanish firm-the Compania Telefonica Nacional de Espana-in
 1924 to keep European competitors at bay and to win a licence to modernise
 and operate the telephone system in a backward country. The Spanish
 government granted ITT a monopoly concession, which remained unaltered for
 20 years in spite of political changes. This was the first step in ITT's
 conquest of the world market and in its conversion into a multinational.
 Company strategy, government institutions and technological innovation
 played a crucial role in ITT's implantation on a worldwide scale. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 455-473 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: ITT, <i>Compania Telefonica Nacional de Espana</i>, Spanish telephone, multinationals, telephone firms, technological transfer, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802106570 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802106570 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nigel Holden 
Author-X-Name-First: Nigel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Holden 
Author-Name: Andrei Kuznetsov 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrei 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kuznetsov 
Author-Name: Jeryl Whitelock 
Author-X-Name-First: Jeryl 
Author-X-Name-Last: Whitelock 
Title: Russia's struggle with the language of marketing in the communist and post-communist eras 
Abstract:
  The status and understanding of marketing in the USSR and post-Soviet
 Russia are tracked over a 40-year period, making extensive use of
 Russian-language sources. In the late Soviet period marketing is seen as a
 Western business system that was not applicable to an economy based on
 extreme centralisation and state-inspired conditions of shortage. With the
 collapse of communism, marketing is variously seen as still not quite
 suitable for Russian conditions, as a sales support activity or as a
 branch of public relations. At the same time great confusion arises over
 the nature of marketing owing to the problems of converting Western
 marketing terms into Russian, for which there are often no equivalents.
 Translations of Western marketing textbooks reveal translators' unabated
 struggles with marketing terminology and the unsatisfactory results.
 Literal translations, where possible, or direct transliteration into
 Russian merely add to the confusion. It is argued that this state of
 affairs is symptomatic of a wider unease about the market economy and
 scepticism about its relevance for Russia. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 474-488 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: Russia, Russian language, marketing, marketing terminology, translation, transition to market economy, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802106646 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802106646 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:4:p:474-488




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Alexander 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alexander 
Title: Format development and retail change: supermarket retailing and the London Co-operative Society 
Abstract:
  This article argues that students of retail history need to give more
 attention to the idea of the retail format. Employing a conceptualisation
 of the format recently presented in contemporary retail studies, it
 reveals the importance of so-called 'offering' and 'know-how' components
 to a fuller understanding of the development of the supermarket format in
 post-war Britain. Supermarket development is shown to be affected by, and
 itself impact on, a complex interplay of factors. Arguments presented in
 the article are supported by a detailed examination of supermarket
 development at the London Co-operative Society between 1960 and 1965. The
 paper thus also contributes to our knowledge of the history of
 co-operative retailing in the post-war period. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 489-508 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: supermarket, self-service retailing, retail format, co-operative societies, retail change, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802106679 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802106679 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:4:p:489-508




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: F. Kees Boersma 
Author-X-Name-First: F. Kees 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boersma 
Author-Name: Marc de Vries 
Author-X-Name-First: Marc 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Vries 
Title: Transitions in industrial research: the case of the Philips Natuurkundig Laboratorium (1914-1994) 
Abstract:
  In this article we describe the history of the Philips Natuurkundig
 Laboratorium (Nat.Lab.) in the Netherlands in the period 1914-1994. The
 article aims at considering three main research problems. Firstly, we pay
 attention to the process of institutionalisation of industrial research
 and development (R&D) in the twentieth century. Secondly, we place the
 history of the Nat.Lab. in the context of innovation in the Netherlands.
 Finally, we investigate the role of this industrial laboratory in its
 company, Philips Electronics. The historical account shows that the
 Nat.Lab.'s mission changed over time in accordance with the changes in its
 context and adapted its structure, culture and external contacts according
 to the needs of each new mission. Throughout time it remained a unique
 place for multidisciplinary research for the company. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 509-529 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: industrial research, Philips, research management, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802106786 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802106786 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:4:p:509-529




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Magnus Lindmark 
Author-X-Name-First: Magnus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lindmark 
Author-Name: Ann Kristin Bergquist 
Author-X-Name-First: Ann Kristin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bergquist 
Title: Expansion for pollution reduction? Environmental adaptation of a Swedish and a Canadian metal smelter, 1960-2005 
Abstract:
  We examine the historical developments of the environmental adaptation
 process at one Swedish metal smelting firm, contrasting the result with
 cases in Canada. The findings suggest that the Swedish system in excluding
 stakeholders, focusing on plant emissions and stipulating pollution
 reduction at economically feasible costs mitigated risk which resulted in
 long-term contracts in a cooperative framework in which engineers were
 given a high degree of discretion. This enabled an
 'expansion-for-emission-reduction' strategy which is consistent with the
 so-called Porter and van der Linde hypothesis. Moreover, the findings
 suggest that environmental management systems should be considered in the
 Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) research. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 530-546 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: business history, environmental management, Porter and van der Linde hypothesis, Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC), 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802106877 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802106877 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:4:p:530-546




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Camilla Brautaset 
Author-X-Name-First: Camilla 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brautaset 
Author-Name: Stig Tenold 
Author-X-Name-First: Stig 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tenold 
Title: Globalisation and Norwegian shipping policy, 1850-2000 
Abstract:
  The shipping industry has been called 'the first globalised industry'. In
 this paper we analyse how domestic regulations have shaped the adaptations
 of ship owners in Norway, one of the leading providers of international
 shipping services for more than 150 years. The paper deals with the
 interaction between the international and domestic aspects of the shipping
 industry, with particular emphasis on demand (the market for shipping
 services), labour and capital. In particular, we discuss the relationship
 between international developments and the Norwegian regulatory regime. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 565-582 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: shipping, globalisation, freight market, labour, capital, regulatory regime, Norway, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802245949 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802245949 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:5:p:565-582




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hans-Werner Gottinger 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans-Werner 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gottinger 
Author-Name: Celia Umali 
Author-X-Name-First: Celia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Umali 
Title: The evolution of the pharmaceutical-biotechnology industry 
Abstract:
  This paper presents an application of network economics to the formation
 of alliances in the biotechnology-pharmaceutical industry. The framework
 analysis provides insights under which firms create hybrid governance
 forms, integrate strategy and economics into a more holistic perspective
 on network strategy. Firm network types link network economies,
 competencies and market structure, creating integration between
 participants and change as additional dimensions. 'Change' introduces a
 dynamic, evolutionary aspect. The resulting contructs involve the network
 dimension as a mechanism design for investigating the evolution and life
 cycles of firm networks. An analysis of alliances within the
 pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries develops the framework,
 including a historical tracing, and an empirical examination of the
 relationship between collaboration rate (CR) and market performance of
 major globally operating pharmaceutical firms. Case examples, supported
 quantitatively and qualitatively, provide evidence for the efficacy and
 implications of the network dimension. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 583-601 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: strategic alliances, network economies, biotechnology-pharmaceutical industries, event analysis, pharmaco-economics, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802246020 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802246020 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:5:p:583-601




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Westcott 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Westcott 
Title: Markets and managerial discretion: Tooth & Co., 1970-1981 
Abstract:
  Studies of business have often sought to explain features of management
 activity, particularly labour management activity, with reference to the
 product market conditions faced by managers. This paper argues that a more
 nuanced understanding of management can be gained by examining both the
 product and financial market environment. These conditions influence the
 structuring of management and the development and application of
 managerial policy. This paper examines the management, particularly the
 labour management, of one of Australia's leading companies during the
 twentieth century. Specifically it examines how the product and financial
 market environment faced by this company in the 1970s influenced the
 labour management strategies pursued. It shows that particular market
 conditions will privilege or provide justification for certain types of
 labour management activity. This is illustrated by examining this
 company's operation under two distinct sets of market conditions. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 602-618 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: brewing, financial markets, product markets, management discretion, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802246038 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802246038 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:5:p:602-618




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jesper Strandskov 
Author-X-Name-First: Jesper 
Author-X-Name-Last: Strandskov 
Author-Name: Kurt Pedersen 
Author-X-Name-First: Kurt 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pedersen 
Title: Foreign direct investment into Denmark before 1939: Patterns and Scandinavian contrasts 
Abstract:
  Drawing on a new database, this article presents the first systematic
 description and assessment of inward FDI into Denmark before World War II.
 A total of 168 cases were identified, with British, American and German
 firms dominating the overall picture as might be expected. The composition
 varies, however, over time and industries. The material shows that FDIs
 arrived in five distinct 'waves' each characterised by a lead nation and
 industry. The period under observation saw the transformation of an
 agricultural Denmark into an industrialised nation, which is reflected in
 the five waves, which were primarily directed towards 'new' industries.
 The article thus offers a link to Danish economic history in general. The
 material also enables a comparison with FDI into Norway and Sweden over
 the same period. For the purposes of allowing a discussion of the
 comparative aspect, FDI-related attitudes, legislation and policies are
 outlined. While Norway was an anti-FDI hardliner, Sweden took a softer
 stand and Denmark never abandoned its liberal attitudes. This new material
 allows us to conclude that, from an FDI perspective, the three nations
 were not one unit: Denmark broke the 'Scandinavian pattern'. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 619-644 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: foreign direct investments, Scandinavia, Denmark, FDI policy, industrialisation, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802246053 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802246053 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:5:p:619-644




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steffen Hertog 
Author-X-Name-First: Steffen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hertog 
Title: Petromin: The slow death of statist oil development in Saudi Arabia 
Abstract:
  The paper recounts the history of Saudi Arabia's first national oil
 company, Petromin, which was originally supposed to take the place of
 foreign-owned Aramco. As a result of Petromin's inefficiency and personal
 rivalries among the Saudi elite, however, Petromin was progressively
 relegated to the sidelines in favour of a gradually 'Saudiised' Aramco. As
 a result, the organisation of the Saudi oil sector today is very different
 from - and more efficient than - that of most other oil exporters in the
 developing world. The paper concludes with a tentative taxonomy of
 national oil companies, based on the circumstances of nationalisation. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 645-667 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: Saudi Arabia, Aramco, Petromin, national oil companies, political economy, oil, rentier state, Fahd, Yamani, industrialisation, nationalisation, state-building, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802246087 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802246087 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:5:p:645-667




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pamela Walker Laird 
Author-X-Name-First: Pamela Walker 
Author-X-Name-Last: Laird 
Title: Putting social capital to work 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 685-694 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802431242 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802431242 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:6:p:685-694




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Grietjie Verhoef 
Author-X-Name-First: Grietjie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Verhoef 
Title: Nationalism, social capital and economic empowerment: SANLAM and the economic upliftment of the Afrikaner people, 1918-1960 
Abstract:
  At the beginning of the twentieth century the Cape-based Afrikaner elite
 used their social networks to establish an insurance company to address
 their business aspirations as well as wider economic empowerment needs of
 poor Afrikaners. This contribution explores the operating dynamics of
 social capital of an elite portion of society to benefit the wider
 Afrikaner community, thereby establishing new networks among Afrikaners.
 By the second half of the twentieth century the South African Life
 Assurance Company (Sanlam) developed from a local Cape-based enterprise to
 a strong diversified corporation extending social capital from the limited
 elite group to Afrikaners in the wider context of South Africa. The
 networks among Afrikaners were the key to the successful development of
 Sanlam and associated companies. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 695-713 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: social networks, Afrikaner elite, nationalism, life assurance, economic empowerment, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802420344 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802420344 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:6:p:695-713




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bradley Hansen 
Author-X-Name-First: Bradley 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen 
Author-Name: Mary Eschelbach Hansen 
Author-X-Name-First: Mary Eschelbach 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen 
Title: Religion, social capital and business bankruptcy in the United States, 1921-1932 
Abstract:
  We consider the value of social capital that derives from membership in a
 church. American states with larger churchgoing populations had lower
 business bankruptcy rates from 1921 to 1932, and states in which the
 churchgoing population was concentrated in few churches had business
 bankruptcy rates that were lower still. Both voluntary and involuntary
 bankruptcy were lower in states with higher church membership. The
 evidence suggests that church membership acted on bankruptcy through a
 safety net mechanism and not solely through indicating a preference for
 honouring commitment. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 714-727 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: business bankruptcy, church membership, social capital, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802420252 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802420252 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:6:p:714-727




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ann Carlos 
Author-X-Name-First: Ann 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carlos 
Author-Name: Karen Maguire 
Author-X-Name-First: Karen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maguire 
Author-Name: Larry Neal 
Author-X-Name-First: Larry 
Author-X-Name-Last: Neal 
Title: 'A knavish people&#x2026;': London Jewry and the stock market during the South Sea Bubble 
Abstract:
  In an era when financial markets were only beginning the move from
 personal to impersonal relations, this paper examines the role of Jewish
 brokers in the market for Bank of England stock at a time when their
 status as recent immigrants, subject to constraints due to religion and
 ethnicity, made them unlikely intermediaries beyond their own communities.
 Using formal network analysis, an examination of their activity during the
 first half of 1720 suggests a marginal role. However, as the Bubble began
 to burst a few Jewish financiers became disproportionately involved as
 purchasers of a stock clearly on the decline. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 728-748 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: capital markets, micro-structure, South Sea Bubble, London Jewry, networks, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802420039 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802420039 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:6:p:728-748




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jari Ojala 
Author-X-Name-First: Jari 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ojala 
Author-Name: Vilma Luoma-aho 
Author-X-Name-First: Vilma 
Author-X-Name-Last: Luoma-aho 
Title: Stakeholder relations as social capital in early modern international trade 
Abstract:
  Stakeholder relations that are available through networks of various
 sorts are one benefit from social capital. According to the stakeholder
 approach to organisations, those relationships that contain most of the
 important attributes - such as power, legitimacy, frequency of contact and
 urgency - hypothetically dominate the business environment. This has
 caused modern corporations to view chiefly the dominant stakeholders as
 important. This study tests the importance of these attributes in early
 modern international trade; in other words, which attributes played a
 major role in the relations between Finnish tradesmen and their foreign
 contacts? The archives of two major Finnish trading houses from 1781 to
 1852 provide sources for studying these stakeholder relations. The results
 of the study seem to confirm the importance of legitimacy and power in
 stakeholder relations, but they particularly emphasise the significance of
 frequency and urgency. Furthermore, dealings repeated over time between
 the parties created a resource dependency, thus further underlining
 frequency and power as important stakeholder attributes. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 749-764 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: social capital, stakeholder relations, early modern business, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802420310 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802420310 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:6:p:749-764




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robin Pearson 
Author-X-Name-First: Robin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson 
Author-Name: David Richardson 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Richardson 
Title: Social capital, institutional innovation and Atlantic trade before 1800 
Abstract:
  The growth of the Atlantic economy during the eighteenth century has been
 associated with developments in business networking to mitigate the
 hazards of communication in long-distance trade. Such social capital-based
 mechanisms reduced transaction costs, but also proved to have their
 limitations in the changing conditions of eighteenth-century international
 trade. This paper argues, using the example of the British slave trade,
 that efforts to innovate less personalised forms of commercial exchange
 gave those prepared to do so a considerable competitive advantage, and
 promoted the unprecedented expansion of that trade between 1750 and 1807.
 We suggest that this shift may be viewed as a precursor of modernising
 tendencies in business practice in Britain during the industrial
 revolution. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 765-780 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: slave trave, social capital, institutional innovation, business networks, credit, eighteenth-century merchants, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802420336 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802420336 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:6:p:765-780




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Merrett 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Merrett 
Author-Name: Stephen Morgan 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morgan 
Author-Name: Simon Ville 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ville 
Title: Industry associations as facilitators of social capital: The establishment and early operations of the Melbourne Woolbrokers Association 
Abstract:
  Relocation of the selling of Australia's wool clip from London to cities
 in Australia in the late nineteenth century led to the creation of wool
 selling industry associations, such as the Melbourne Woolbrokers
 Association (MWA). Highly successful in fostering competitive
 collaboration that improved market efficiency, the Association rested on
 the social capital brought to it and further developed by the
 participants, individuals with extensive connections in the pastoral,
 banking and transport industries. The collective social capital vested in
 the Association enabled the earning of economic rents, firstly from the
 high trust created through internal cohesion reinforced by formalised
 sanctions, and secondly from a capacity to span 'structural holes' between
 networks outside of the Association. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 781-794 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: Australia, business associations, wool selling, social capital, business networks, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802420153 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802420153 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:6:p:781-794




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mairi Maclean 
Author-X-Name-First: Mairi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maclean 
Title: New rules - old games? Social capital and privatisation in France, 1986-1998 
Abstract:
  This article focuses on social capital among the French business elite,
 the period under study coinciding with the implementation of privatisation
 programmes in France from 1986 to 1998. The Chirac government (1986-1988)
 sought to change the rules of the economic game, the political aspirations
 invested in privatisation centring on the free play of market forces and
 competition, to which the programme purported to reconcile the public at
 large. The article reveals how privatisation, far from breaking with the
 past by widening participation in economic life, strengthened the ties
 that bind the French establishment elite through the concentration of
 power in 'hard cores' of stable investors in newly privatised firms. High
 levels of social capital within the French national business system
 ensured that members of the ruling elite, united by multiple ties and
 similar backgrounds, connived, as before, to manipulate institutions and
 situations in their perceived collective interest. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 795-810 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 50 
Year: 2008 
Keywords: elites, French national business system, networks, privatisation, social capital, state-business relations, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802420013 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802420013 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:50:y:2008:i:6:p:795-810




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bernardo Batiz-Lazo 
Author-X-Name-First: Bernardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Batiz-Lazo 
Title: Emergence and evolution of ATM networks in the UK, 1967-2000 
Abstract:
  Research in this article traces the origins of a process of competitive
 change in British retail financial markets by looking at the emergence of
 cash dispensers technology, how it transformed into automated teller
 machines (ATMs) and how proprietary ATM networks gave way to total
 interoperability of cash withdrawals through a single common switch. Cash
 dispensers were an industry-specific innovation developed by British
 manufacturers (e.g. Chubb and De La Rue) which were, in turn, overtaken by
 US (e.g. NCR) and German (e.g. Siemens-Wincor) manufacturers. However, as
 the ATM became a global technology some of the leading providers (i.e.
 Burroughs, IBM and NCR) kept manufacturing and even their main design
 facilities in Scotland. The evolution of this technology illustrates
 changing boundaries of the banking organisation, the challenges faced by
 financial intermediaries to adopt on-line, real-time computing and
 highlights the role of network externalities in financial markets. From a
 business history perspective, the ATM, electronic funds transfer and other
 retail payment media have largely been neglected by British historians and
 management scholars. Yet the success of automated cash dispensers as a
 distribution channel in retail banking epitomises a shift in bank
 strategy, namely how applications of computer technology moved from being
 potential sources of competitive advantage to being a minimum requirement
 for effective competition in retail finance. This article thus promotes
 the idea that the history of technology must consider its users, their
 strategies and business models inasmuch as business histories of the late
 twentieth century will be incomplete without attention to developments in
 information and communications technologies. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-27 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: banks, building societies, cash dispensers, ATM, technological innovation, diffusion, UK, networks, payment systems, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802602164 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802602164 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:1:p:1-27




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lars Heide 
Author-X-Name-First: Lars 
Author-X-Name-Last: Heide 
Title: Facilitating and restricting a challenger: Patents and standards in the development of the Bull-Knutsen punched card system, 1919-1938 
Abstract:
  This paper discusses the various ways that patents and standards framed a
 challenger's opportunities. It recounts the history of the Bull punched
 card system, both in Norway in the 1920s and France in the 1930s, as it
 developed and became a challenger to IBM's monopoly. Bull faced the first
 mover's patents and standards differently. Standards paved the way for the
 challenger's actions, while patents hampered certain facilities for their
 duration. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 28-44 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: patent protection, technical standards, shaping business, punched cards, small countries, statistics production, mechanising bookkeeping, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802602172 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802602172 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:1:p:28-44




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Eugenia Mata 
Author-X-Name-First: Maria Eugenia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mata 
Title: Managerial strategies in canning industries: A case study of early twentieth century Portugal 
Abstract:
  The paper discusses entry barriers in the Portuguese canning industries
 in the early twentieth century. The most important challenge facing the
 canning industries was a dependence on unsteady supply of raw material.
 The available technology, branding trademarks, product differentiation and
 product quality, versus abundance or scarcity of resources to be used as
 inputs and international trade presented contradictory effects on entry
 barriers. Deterrence was inefficient, some foreign firms delocalised to
 Portugal, and the sector is an interesting case-study in the historical
 context of globalisation. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 45-58 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: canning industries, Portugal, entry-barrier effects, deterrence factors, managerial abilities, branding, vertical integration, environmental history, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802602180 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802602180 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:1:p:45-58




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David McKeagan 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: McKeagan 
Title: Development of a mature securities market in Montreal from 1817 to 1874 
Abstract:
  An organised market for financial securities in Montreal prior to 1874
 developed slowly because finance of major infrastructure projects was
 carried out in London, not Montreal. Growth was not driven by speculation
 or tempered by successive boom and bust; this makes the Montreal
 experience practically unique in the history of finance. The Montreal
 Board of Trade was the focus of commercial activities that eventually
 evolved through increased specialisation to a stock market. Some
 businessmen who called themselves brokers traded stocks and bonds for
 their own account but not on commission since trading volume was too low
 for any form of auction to take place. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 59-76 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: securities, stocks, bonds, exchanges, finance, Canada, history, banks, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802602198 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802602198 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:1:p:59-76




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Keun Lee 
Author-X-Name-First: Keun 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee 
Author-Name: Xuehua Jin 
Author-X-Name-First: Xuehua 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jin 
Title: The origins of business groups in China: An empirical testing of the three paths and the three theories 
Abstract:
  The available empirical literature tends to focus on the performance
 comparison between business groups (BGs) and non-business groups, and
 there is no study that quantitatively verifies the origins of the business
 groups, particularly in China. This paper uses the survey data of SOEs
 (state-owned enterprises) in China to verify the three paths toward
 business groups, such as M&As (merger and acquisitions), spin-offs and
 joint ventures. This study discusses three alternative theories to explain
 the emergence of the business groups in China. These are the market-based
 view, the state-activism view and the resource-based view. This paper
 found that the greater autonomy given after changing into a shareholding
 corporation is one of the most consistent and significant factors leading
 to the business group, regardless of the paths. First, this implies that
 SOEs have gone from traditional SOEs, to shareholding corporations, and
 then finally to business groups. Second, it finds that there are certain
 differences among the three paths toward the business group. The degree of
 market competition and control by the city-level government are the
 significant variables in the path via M&A, toward the business group. This
 is consistent with the state activism view. The significant variables for
 the spin-off path are the low leverages and the connection with the state.
 This is consistent with the resource-based view. The JV (joint venture)
 path seems to be consistent with the market-based and resource-based view,
 with the significant variables of private/foreign owner-controller, high
 investment activity, low leverage and size. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 77-99 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: business groups (BGs), China, market failure, resource-based view of the firms, catch-up, institutions, states, reform, local protectionism, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802602206 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802602206 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:1:p:77-99




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dries Lyna 
Author-X-Name-First: Dries 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lyna 
Author-Name: Ilja Van Damme 
Author-X-Name-First: Ilja 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Damme 
Title: A strategy of seduction? The role of commercial advertisements in the eighteenth-century retailing business of Antwerp 
Abstract:
  This article aims to place the use of promotional advertising material in
 a long-term perspective. By analysing the functioning of
 eighteenth-century commercial notices in the retailing business of
 Antwerp, a provincial town in the southern Netherlands, we try to
 demonstrate how advertisements of this kind had no clear-cut persuasive
 meaning. Rather, they were used as a way of mediating information barriers
 between buyers and sellers and, thus, lowering transaction costs. A
 quantitative and semantic breakdown of the advertisements in a local
 newspaper, the Gazette van Antwerpen, will show the fallacies of presuming
 a direct manipulative force from these eighteenth-century commercial
 messages. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 100-121 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: eighteenth century, southern Netherlands, Antwerp, newspaper advertisements, retailing business, commercial discourse, consumption, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802604475 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802604475 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:1:p:100-121




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Heller 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Heller 
Title: Review Essay 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 122-125 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802602214 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802602214 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:1:p:122-125




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lisa Jack 
Author-X-Name-First: Lisa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jack 
Title: Estates, enterprise and investment at the dawn of the Industrial Revolution: estate management and accounting in the North-East of England, c.1700-1780 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 126-127 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802648746 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802648746 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:1:p:126-127




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laura Ugolini 
Author-X-Name-First: Laura 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ugolini 
Title: The nineteenth-century child and consumer culture 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 127-129 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802648753 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802648753 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:1:p:127-129




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Colin Hempstead 
Author-X-Name-First: Colin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hempstead 
Title: William Crookes (1832-1919) and the commercialization of science 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 129-130 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802648761 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802648761 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:1:p:129-130




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Javier Fernandez-Roca 
Author-X-Name-First: Javier 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernandez-Roca 
Title: Revista de la historia de la economia y de la empresa. No. 2: Historia empresarial Espanola 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 131-133 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802648779 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802648779 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:1:p:131-133




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Valerie Johnson 
Author-X-Name-First: Valerie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnson 
Title: Economies of representation, 1790-2000: colonialism and commerce 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 133-134 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802648795 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802648795 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:1:p:133-134




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Casson 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Casson 
Title: A Weberian analysis of business groups and financial markets 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 135-136 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802648803 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802648803 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:1:p:135-136




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paloma Fernandez Perez 
Author-X-Name-First: Paloma Fernandez 
Author-X-Name-Last: Perez 
Title: International entrepreneurship in family businesses 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 136-137 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802648829 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802648829 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:1:p:136-137




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Millward 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Millward 
Title: Privatisation: successes and failures 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 138-139 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802648837 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802648837 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:1:p:138-139




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Israel 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Israel 
Title: Understanding technological innovation: a socio-technical approach 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 139-141 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790802648845 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790802648845 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:1:p:139-141




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Franco Amatori 
Author-X-Name-First: Franco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Amatori 
Title: Business history as history 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 143-156 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790902726491 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790902726491 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:2:p:143-156




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Catherine Schenk 
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schenk 
Title: 'Parasitic invasions' or sources of good governance: Constraining foreign competition in Hong Kong banking, 1965-81 
Abstract:
  This paper investigates the operation and impact of the moratorium on new
 banking licences imposed in Hong Kong in 1965 and the claims that foreign
 banks destabilised the banking system and drained resources from the
 colony. First it examines foreign banks' attempts to circumvent the
 moratorium through claims of special circumstances and buying interests in
 local banks, and secondly it examines the efforts of incumbents to extend
 barriers to non-bank financial institutions and to branches of foreign
 banks. The general conclusions are that while the moratorium was aimed at
 increasing the stability of the banking system, it had the effect of
 decreasing the regulatory breadth of the government, and reducing
 incentives for mergers and acquisitions that might have improved
 governance. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 157-180 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: Hong Kong, bank regulation, international financial centres (IFCs), banking competition, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790902726517 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790902726517 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:2:p:157-180




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marc Prat 
Author-X-Name-First: Marc 
Author-X-Name-Last: Prat 
Title: Between the firm and the market: An international comparison of the commercial structures of the cotton industry (1820-1939) 
Abstract:
  This article describes the ways in which cotton goods were commercialised
 during the nineteenth century and the first third of the twentieth.
 Several national cases are analysed: Britain as the Workshop of the World;
 France, Germany, Switzerland and the US as core economies; Italy and Spain
 as countries on the European periphery; and Japan as a successful export
 latecomer. The main question that we address is why some cotton industries
 vertically integrated their production and selling processes, but others
 did not. We present a model that combines industrial district size and
 product differentiation to explain why vertical integration was present in
 most cases and why there was vertical specialisation of production and
 selling in Lancashire, Lowell and Japan. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 181-201 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: cotton industry, commercialisation, vertical integration, vertical specialisation, Industrial Revolution, transaction costs, Industrial Organisation, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790902726533 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790902726533 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:2:p:181-201




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rafaela Alfalla-Luque 
Author-X-Name-First: Rafaela 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alfalla-Luque 
Author-Name: Carmen Medina-Lopez 
Author-X-Name-First: Carmen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Medina-Lopez 
Title: Supply Chain Management: Unheard of in the 1970s, core to today's company 
Abstract:
  Although the Supply Chain Management (SCM) concept was born at the
 beginning of the 1980s, research in the field was almost non-existent
 until the mid-1990s. Since then, the growth of SCM research has been
 exponential. Currently, SCM is making the change from being an emerging
 research field to becoming a consolidated one. The aim of this paper is to
 analyse the way SCM has developed from its origins and to determine
 whether its present development corresponds to the needs that companies
 are experiencing. This article provides a frame of reference for SCM
 research, which is essential for the definitive consolidation of a
 fledgling field such as this. It also allows any possible gap between SCM
 research and practice to be minimised. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 202-221 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: Supply Chain Management (SCM), Operations Management (OM), history review, research agendas, bibliometric studies, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790902726558 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790902726558 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:2:p:202-221




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aashish Velkar 
Author-X-Name-First: Aashish 
Author-X-Name-Last: Velkar 
Title: Transactions, standardisation and competition: Establishing uniform sizes in the British wire industry c.1880 
Abstract:
  When science could not provide a solution to transaction problems in the
 British wire industry c.1880, market groups had to negotiate a business
 solution. This involved converging towards a 'one-size-fits-all' standard:
 a process requiring compromises and cooperation between competitive firms,
 and solving coordination failure through state intervention. This paper
 demonstrates how different groups held different notions of 'ideal'
 standards depending on the incentives they faced. Reconciling these
 differences was an institutional, rather than a technological, process.
 The paper also analyses why, historically, dominant producers cooperated
 to set industry standards when faced with an imminent lock-in on 'wrong'
 standards imposed on the industry. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 222-247 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: standardisation, competition, strategy, transactions, iron and steel, coordination failure, state intervention, mechanical engineering, technology, nineteenth century, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790902726582 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790902726582 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:2:p:222-247




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. J. Keneley 
Author-X-Name-First: M. J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Keneley 
Title: Organisational capabilities and the role of routines in the emergence of a modern life insurer: The story of the AMP 
Abstract:
  In 1954 the Australian Mutual Provident Society (AMP) undertook a major
 organisational restructure. This reform provided the foundation upon which
 the Society was able to develop into a diversified financial intermediary
 in the following decades. This paper investigates the changing
 organisational structure within Australia's largest life insurer as it
 evolved from a branch structure to a multi-divisional form of management
 in the 1950s. The specialisation encouraged by the divisional system
 allowed the development of higher order routines upon which the executive
 could draw. The resulting growth and sophistication of the organisation in
 the late 1950s ensured higher order routines were able to develop to
 promote further development. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 248-267 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: Australian life insurance, organisational change, U-form, M-form, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790902726608 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790902726608 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:2:p:248-267




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alessandro Stanziani 
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stanziani 
Title: Information, quality and legal rules: Wine adulteration in nineteenth century France 
Abstract:
  Nowadays global concerns are tightly linked to the way wine production
 and labelling have been regulated in France. This paper aims to provide an
 historical explanation of this peculiar regulation of the wine market in
 France. Our argument will be that wine adulteration, as it is conceived
 and regulated nowadays, has to be distinguished from ancient and
 pre-modern forms of adulteration. From the last quarter of the nineteenth
 century, technical progresses (i.e. organic chemistry in food and wine
 making), extended commercial networks and an extending intermediation led
 to market failures. However, state regulation mainly aimed to ensure the
 circulation of information and fair trade rather than to protect public
 health. As a result, from the end of the nineteenth century up to the
 present, in France and in Europe, rules on beverages are more concerned
 with preserving AOC (collective trademarks) and wine producers' profits
 than with limiting alcohol consumption. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 268-291 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: wine, quality, adulteration, counterfeiting, trademark, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790902726616 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790902726616 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:2:p:268-291




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Rowlinson 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rowlinson 
Title: The Oxford handbook of business history 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 292-294 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790902726624 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790902726624 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:2:p:292-294




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Popp 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Popp 
Title: Social capital, trust and the Industrial Revolution, 1780-1880 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 295-296 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790902726632 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790902726632 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:2:p:295-296




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alistair Mutch 
Author-X-Name-First: Alistair 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mutch 
Title: Friends of the unrighteous mammon: Northern Christians and market capitalism, 1815-1860 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 296-298 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790902726640 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790902726640 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:2:p:296-298




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Taylor 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor 
Title: Innovation corrupted: the origins and legacy of Enron's collapse 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 298-300 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790902726665 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790902726665 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:2:p:298-300




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcelo Bucheli 
Author-X-Name-First: Marcelo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bucheli 
Title: Plantation Jamaica 1750-1850: capital control in a colonial economy 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 300-301 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790902726673 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790902726673 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:2:p:300-301




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anna Spadavecchia 
Author-X-Name-First: Anna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Spadavecchia 
Title: Managing the embedded multinational: a business network view 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 302-303 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790902726681 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790902726681 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:2:p:302-303




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan Schwarzkopf 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schwarzkopf 
Title: The corporate eye: photography and the rationalization of American commercial culture, 1884-1929 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 303-306 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790902726699 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790902726699 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:2:p:303-306




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Buckley 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Buckley 
Title: Business history and international business 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 307-333 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790902871560 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790902871560 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:3:p:307-333




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mira Wilkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Mira 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilkins 
Title: Multinational enterprise in insurance: An historical overview 
Abstract:
  The article traces the history of multinational enterprise (MNE) in
 insurance from the nineteenth century to the present, highlighting the
 importance of this topic. The essay breaks new ground in providing the
 first overall historical snapshot of MNEs in insurance. Long before the
 First World War, MNE insurers had substantial global interests. MNEs from
 the UK, the European continent, the United States and Canada in non-life
 and life insurance as well as in reinsurance established business around
 the world, obtaining substantial revenues from the operations in foreign
 locales. In many countries they were the innovators in the provision of
 this service. The article found differing patterns through time,
 discontinuities (exits), and a range of differences when comparing the
 non-life and life insurance sectors. Home and host country regulations and
 other government actions during war and peace always affected the
 historical developments and thus are not neglected in this survey. The
 article provides sample statistics to demonstrate the significance of MNEs
 in insurance. Within this article, the author seeks to identify research
 done and that which is in progress on the path of MNEs in insurance; it
 concludes that this is a topic where there is still major research to be
 accomplished. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 334-363 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: multinational enterprise, insurance history, history-international business, internationalization insurance, globalization, foreign investment, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790902871636 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790902871636 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:3:p:334-363




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Niall Ferguson 
Author-X-Name-First: Niall 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferguson 
Title: Siegmund Warburg, the City of London and the financial roots of European integration 
Abstract:
  The process of European economic integration slackened in the 1960s.
 National markets for goods, most services and labour were not being
 integrated because they were not really being liberalised. The exception
 to this rule was financial services, one of which - the sale of long-term
 corporate and public sector bonds to relatively wealthy investors - became
 integrated in a quite novel way in the course of the 1960s. The rise of
 the so-called 'Eurobond' market was a major breakthrough in the history of
 European integration but it was a largely spontaneous result of innovation
 by private sector actors, led by Siegmund Warburg. In some measure, no
 doubt, the bankers' primary motive was the profit motive. Yet there is
 also compelling evidence that Warburg and his associates also had a
 political agenda. They regarded it not only as a way of making money, but
 also as a potent device for advancing Europe's political integration. In
 particular, they appreciated that European capital market integration
 could reinforce the case for British membership of the EEC. The
 resurrection of London as Europe's principal financial centre, even at a
 time of economic and exchange rate weakness, was a major achievement in
 its own right. But it was also a crucial for the resumption of European
 integration in the 1970s. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 364-382 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: bank operations, government bonds, international bonds, international capital market, economic history, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790902843916 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790902843916 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:3:p:364-382




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Haiming Hang 
Author-X-Name-First: Haiming 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hang 
Author-Name: Andrew Godley 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Godley 
Title: Revisiting the psychic distance paradox: International retailing in China in the long run (1840-2005) 
Abstract:
  This paper uses original research on the roles played by two sets of
 foreign entrants into Chinese retailing since the 1850s - the overseas
 Chinese entrants and western entrants - to explore the psychic distance
 paradox over the long run. It explains how the advantages of psychic
 closeness in Chinese retailing have always been important in reducing
 entry barriers, but that the rising costs of technology have increased the
 significance of firm proprietary strengths in some formats, notably
 supermarkets, so reducing the relative importance of psychic closeness.
 The paper therefore illustrates how taking the long-term perspective
 enables more sophisticated conclusions to emerge. A cross-sectional
 analysis of one sector - Chinese supermarkets - would confirm the psychic
 distance paradox; overseas Chinese have been unable to translate psychic
 closeness into superior performance. By contrast their historic
 performance in department stores and more recently in fashion chains has
 been superior to the format leaders. This long-term perspective therefore
 suggests that the understanding of the psychic distance paradox needs to
 be moderated by additional conceptualisation. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 383-400 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: psychic distance, China, international retailing, internationalisation process, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790902843940 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790902843940 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:3:p:383-400




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pavlos Dimitratos 
Author-X-Name-First: Pavlos 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dimitratos 
Author-Name: Ioanna Liouka 
Author-X-Name-First: Ioanna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Liouka 
Author-Name: Duncan Ross 
Author-X-Name-First: Duncan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ross 
Author-Name: Stephen Young 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Young 
Title: The multinational enterprise and subsidiary evolution: Scotland since 1945 
Abstract:
  This paper explores the major developments in the multinational
 enterprise (MNE) literature; along with the research conducted on
 Scottish-based MNE subsidiaries and the policy changes that have taken
 place in Scotland aimed at promoting foreign direct investment (FDI). It
 is suggested that subsidiaries may evolve from the branch plant to the
 developmental and the entrepreneurial subsidiary type; with each of these
 three subsidiary types contributing differently to the economic
 development of the host country. The empirical evidence from an in-depth
 analysis of IBM, Greenock, Scotland attests to the importance of the
 entrepreneurial subsidiary activities for the host economy. Implications
 for research and public policy are discussed. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 401-425 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: multinational enterprise subsidiary, foreign direct investment, subsidiary evolution, branch plant, developmental subsidiary, entrepreneurial subsidiary, economic development, Scotland, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790902844013 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790902844013 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:3:p:401-425




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Miskell 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Miskell 
Title: Resolving the global efficiency versus local adaptability dilemma: US film multinationals in their largest foreign market in the 1930s and 1940s 
Abstract:
  Existing literature has identified a number of exogenous advantages that
 enabled US firms to dominate the global film industry. This article
 explores how these firms actually operated in their largest foreign
 market, and in doing so looks for evidence of endogenous advantages that
 may have enabled some US firms to outperform their rivals. It finds that
 firms which developed the most distinct local element to their production
 portfolios typically achieved a greater share of the British market.
 However, it does not find evidence that locally-based producers were any
 more effective at developing such locally-themed films than those based in
 Hollywood. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 426-444 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: motion picture industry, multinationals, film history, Britain, United States, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790902844039 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790902844039 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:3:p:426-444




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rolv Petter Amdam 
Author-X-Name-First: Rolv Petter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Amdam 
Title: The internationalisation process theory and the internationalisation of Norwegian firms, 1945 to 1980 
Abstract:
  According to the internationalisation process theory firms tend to invest
 and expand in countries with a short psychic distance to the home country.
 This paper discusses the usefulness of bringing this theory into business
 history by analysing the internationalisation of Norwegian firms before
 the 1980s. The empirical contribution of this paper is that it adds new
 knowledge to our understanding of the early internationalisation of
 Norwegians firms. The theoretical contribution is that the paper develops
 the discussion on the usefulness of bringing networks into the
 internationalisation process theory. Based on the Norwegian case, there
 seems to be a need for including personal networks as one dimension of the
 psychic distance concept, not only in the new economy but also in the old
 economy. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 445-461 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: FDI, internationalisation process theory, MNE, internationalisation, Norway, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790902844054 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790902844054 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:3:p:445-461




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nuria Puig 
Author-X-Name-First: Nuria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Puig 
Author-Name: Paloma Fernandez Perez 
Author-X-Name-First: Paloma Fernandez 
Author-X-Name-Last: Perez 
Title: A silent revolution: The internationalisation of large Spanish family firms 
Abstract:
  This article studies the dominant role played by large family firms in
 the internationalisation of the Spanish economy. Based on new empirical
 evidence from circa 150 historical and internationalised family firms, the
 article integrates concepts and theories from recent literature on
 internationalisation, international entrepreneurship, sociology, and
 family business. The main argument is that in Spain, as in other European,
 South American and Asian countries, the integration of most of the leading
 family firms in the global market has been the outcome of a long learning
 process strongly influenced by the country's natural and human resources,
 institutional framework, and regional patterns of economic development and
 business cultures. In contrast with other countries, however, foreign
 capital and technology and collective action at regional, national and
 international levels play a far more important role in the
 internationalisation of large family firms. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 462-483 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: internationalisation, family firms, Spain, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790902844088 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790902844088 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:3:p:462-483




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Boughey 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boughey 
Title: British overseas railways as free-standing companies, 1900-1915 
Abstract:
  The investments made by railway companies that were registered and
 controlled from Britain, but whose operations were overseas, constituted
 an important component of British foreign direct investment (FDI) in the
 early twentieth century. Despite the collective scale of these firms,
 little research on their activities has been integrated into discussions
 of early British FDI or the nature of free-standing companies. This
 article clarifies the scale and significance of these overseas railway
 companies within overall British FDI, along with examining how they were
 managed. This sheds further light on the development of British FDI and on
 the form and function of the free-standing company. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 484-500 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: British overseas railways, free-standing companies, foreign direct investment, infrastructure multinationals, born global, international new ventures, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790902844104 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790902844104 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:3:p:484-500




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Glen O'Hara 
Author-X-Name-First: Glen 
Author-X-Name-Last: O'Hara 
Title: 'What the electorate can be expected to swallow': Nationalisation, transnationalism and the shifting boundaries of the state in post-war Britain 
Abstract:
  This article attempts to show that there were three key elements to the
 changing policy mix as regards state economic intervention and ownership
 in post-war Britain. These have been relatively neglected by economic
 historians in favour of questions concerning 'objective' performance. They
 were: the uncertainty, confusion and competition of the two main political
 parties as to what the nationalised sector was for; attempts to escape an
 unpopular and bureaucratic policy model; and recommendations and
 techniques copied from other countries. It is posited that these three
 analytical categories provide an explanation for the shifting boundaries
 of the state in post-war Britain. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 501-528 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: nationalisation, intervention, public opinion, investment, transnationalism, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790902998504 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790902998504 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:4:p:501-528




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lara Vivienne Marks 
Author-X-Name-First: Lara Vivienne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marks 
Title: Collaboration - a competitor's tool: The story of Centocor, an entrepreneurial biotechnology company 
Abstract:
  Biotechnology companies have relied on alliances for survival and growth
 since their inception. This history of Centocor illustrates the pivotal
 role collaborations played for pioneers in the industry. Five years after
 its founding Centocor had become a competitive and profitable diagnostics
 company based on partnerships with research institutes and larger health
 care companies. In 1992, however, Centocor faced collapse, brought on by a
 departure from collaboration and going it alone in the development and
 marketing of the company's first therapeutic. What saved the company and
 enabled it to prosper in therapeutics was a reversion to the old strategy
 of collaboration. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 529-546 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: alliances, biotechnology, technology transfer, pharmaceutical, diagnostics, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790902998512 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790902998512 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:4:p:529-546




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pablo Diaz-Morlan 
Author-X-Name-First: Pablo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Diaz-Morlan 
Author-Name: Antonio Escudero 
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Escudero 
Author-Name: Miguel Saez 
Author-X-Name-First: Miguel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Saez 
Title: The restructuring of the Spanish integrated steel industry in the European panorama (1971-86): A lost opportunity 
Abstract:
  Spanish steelmaking policy in the 1970s and early 1980s was not
 especially different from that of the main European countries. The
 political transition was a tense experience that heightened the problems
 and made economic policy decisions harder to reach, but it did not cause a
 fundamental divergence from the rest of Europe. What made the steel
 restructuring policy fail and forced a new and costly restructuring in the
 1990s, was the decision of the Socialist government, newly elected in
 1982, to opt for maintaining the inland steelworks instead of the coastal
 steelworks. Its motives were related to the locations of these steelworks
 in socially and politically sensitive areas. The closure of Sagunto marked
 the end of the only real possibility of Spain having a competitive
 integrated steelworks in terms of its integration into Europe. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 547-568 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: coastal steelworks, political transition, restructuring policy, European Coal and Steel Community, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790902998496 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790902998496 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:4:p:547-568




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carsten Burhop 
Author-X-Name-First: Carsten 
Author-X-Name-Last: Burhop 
Title: No need for governance? The impact of corporate governance on valuation, performance and survival of German banks during the 1870s 
Abstract:
  We describe the legal rules underlying corporate governance of banks in
 Germany during the 1870s as well as the rules of governance fixed in
 corporate charters collected from a sample of 202 charters for the year
 1872. Governance standards were - on average - below the legal default. In
 particular, voting rights as well as monitoring rights of shareholders
 were restricted. Most governance provisions did not affect the level of
 Tobin's Q in 1872, the change of the market-to-book ratio during 1873, and
 the probability of firm survival until 1880. Yet large banks having
 adopted a 'one share-one vote' provision and large banks having a
 governmental concession had a higher Tobin's Q, whereas the reverse holds
 for small banks. Moreover, the probability of firm survival was larger if
 small shareholders had voting rights or if shareholders could elect the
 supervisory board. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 569-601 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: financial history, Germany pre-1913, corporate governance, law and finance, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903006463 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903006463 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:4:p:569-601




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Manuel Llorca-Jana 
Author-X-Name-First: Manuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Llorca-Jana 
Title: Knowing the shape of demand: Britain's exports of ponchos to the Southern Cone, c. 1810s-70s 
Abstract:
  British textile exporters have supplied South America since well before
 the Napoleonic Wars. However, only from the 1810s onwards did British
 merchants establish houses in the region, quickly mastering the market. As
 far as the demand for coarse cloaks was concerned, both creoles and
 natives stuck firmly to ponchos. Because of the intrinsic characteristics
 of ponchos, local demand led British supply and, in an innovative process
 of adaptation, British manufacturers exported ponchos on a considerable
 scale to the markets of southern South America. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 602-621 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: Anglo-Latin American trade, British exports, British textiles, Latin American textile demand, Chile, Argentina, ponchos, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790902995229 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790902995229 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:4:p:602-621




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Nash 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nash 
Title: British Railways, 1997-2005: Labour's strategic experiment 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 622-624 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903006521 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903006521 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:4:p:622-624




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Forbes Munro 
Author-X-Name-First: J. Forbes 
Author-X-Name-Last: Munro 
Title: The empire in one city?: Liverpool's inconvenient imperial past 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 624-626 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903006547 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903006547 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:4:p:624-626




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Benson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Benson 
Title: Credit and community: working-class debt in the UK since 1880 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 626-627 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903006562 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903006562 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:4:p:626-627




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francesca Carnevali 
Author-X-Name-First: Francesca 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carnevali 
Title: Good money. Birmingham button makers, the Royal Mint and the beginnings of modern coinage, 1775-1821 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 627-628 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903006570 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903006570 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:4:p:627-628




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Seltzer 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Seltzer 
Title: Labour unionism in the financial services sector: fighting for rights and representation 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 628-630 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903006588 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903006588 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:4:p:628-630




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicholas White 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas 
Author-X-Name-Last: White 
Title: The business, life and letters of Frederick Cornes: aspects of the evolution of commerce in modern Japan, 1861-1910 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 630-631 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903006604 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903006604 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:4:p:630-631




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chad Pearson 
Author-X-Name-First: Chad 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson 
Title: Invisible hands: the making of the Conservative movement from the New Deal to Reagan 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 631-633 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903006620 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903006620 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:4:p:631-633




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Margaret Walsh 
Author-X-Name-First: Margaret 
Author-X-Name-Last: Walsh 
Title: Horse trading in the age of cars. Men in the marketplace 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 633-635 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903006638 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903006638 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:4:p:633-635




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Howard Cox 
Author-X-Name-First: Howard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cox 
Title: Global electrification: multinational enterprise and international finance in the history of light and power, 1878-2007 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 635-636 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903006653 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903006653 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:4:p:635-636




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bernardo Batiz-Lazo 
Author-X-Name-First: Bernardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Batiz-Lazo 
Title: Centres and peripheries in banking: the historical development of financial markets 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 637-638 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903006679 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903006679 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:4:p:637-638




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anthony Webster 
Author-X-Name-First: Anthony 
Author-X-Name-Last: Webster 
Title: Merchants, traders, entrepreneurs: Indian business in the colonial era 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 638-639 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903006703 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903006703 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:4:p:638-639




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jane Yamashiro 
Author-X-Name-First: Jane 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yamashiro 
Title: Pathways to the present: U.S. development and its consequences in the Pacific 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 640-641 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903006729 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903006729 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:4:p:640-641




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kent Deng 
Author-X-Name-First: Kent 
Author-X-Name-Last: Deng 
Title: Premodern trade in world history 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 641-642 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903006737 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903006737 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:4:p:641-642




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sally Horrocks 
Author-X-Name-First: Sally 
Author-X-Name-Last: Horrocks 
Title: Taking place: the spatial contexts of science, technology and business 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 642-644 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903006745 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903006745 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:4:p:642-644




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Harm Schroter 
Author-X-Name-First: Harm 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schroter 
Title: Transactions and interactions - the flow of goods, services and information 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 645-648 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903125438 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903125438 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:5:p:645-648




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hugo van Driel 
Author-X-Name-First: Hugo 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Driel 
Author-Name: Irma Bogenrieder 
Author-X-Name-First: Irma 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bogenrieder 
Title: Memory and learning: Selecting users in the port of Rotterdam, 1883-1900 
Abstract:
  During the closing decades of the nineteenth century, the port of
 Rotterdam experienced very strong growth. Changing views and concrete
 experiences induced the port to widen the initially limited circle of
 regular users of berths. We study this case in order to increase our
 understanding of the dynamic interrelationship between organisational
 memory and learning. While organisational memory guides the application of
 routines, this practical experience may also question underlying beliefs.
 Our study of deliberations by the Rotterdam government - to a significant
 degree representing the preferences of the local business elite -
 demonstrates how so-called lower order learning on the level of routines
 induces a so-called higher order learning on the level of beliefs.
 Finally, our case-study suggests that the traumatic nature of initial
 experiences that are part of organisational memory may hinder the
 deliberation of beliefs and thus retard higher order learning. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 649-667 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: organisational memory, learning, local government, ports, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903125651 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903125651 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:5:p:649-667




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mila Davids 
Author-X-Name-First: Mila 
Author-X-Name-Last: Davids 
Author-Name: Sue-Yen Tjong Tjin Tai 
Author-X-Name-First: Sue-Yen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tjong Tjin Tai 
Title: Absorptive capacity, knowledge circulation and coal cleaning innovation: The Netherlands in the 1930s 
Abstract:
  Before World War II, Dutch State Mines, the national, state owned coal
 corporation, was confronted with major challenges, specifically that
 foreign coal was sold at dumping prices in the home market. At the same
 time, coal cleaning needed to be improved in order to offer higher quality
 coal against lower coal processing costs. In this paper we illustrate how
 State Mines relied on its innovative capacity in order to overcome the
 economic, technological and market changes. The coal cleaning innovations
 at State Mines show how absorptive capacity was of prime importance for
 the firm's innovative capacity. External knowledge acquisition as well as
 internal knowledge building proved to be relevant, although the balance
 changed over time. While initially acquisition and assimilation of
 external knowledge (potential absorptive capacity) were essential to
 improve the existing coal cleaning processes, internal knowledge building
 was needed to come to real improvements in coal cleaning. The
 establishment of a licensing company was essential to exploit this
 knowledge. An important feature was that State Mines was always well aware
 of its lack of capabilities and knowledge and open to search for and learn
 from knowledge outside its firm boundaries. Moreover, expectations
 determined the search for external knowledge. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 668-690 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: innovation, knowledge, absorptive capacity, expectations, Dutch State Mines, coal cleaning, hydrocyclone, Tromp system, loess washing system, Barvoys system, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903125537 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903125537 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:5:p:668-690




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steen Andersen 
Author-X-Name-First: Steen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersen 
Title: Escape from 'Safehaven': The case of Christiani & Nielsen's blacklisting in 1944 
Abstract:
  The case of the Danish construction company Christiani & Nielsen in the
 period 1941-1945 shows that Scandinavian companies were not just pawns in
 a bigger political game but were to a certain degree capable of promoting
 their own interests. This paper reveals that the political imperative is
 not only a matter of political risk but also of political opportunity. The
 history of Christiani & Nielsen offers a useful case of the political
 risks and fiscal opportunities faced by multinationals working in
 dictatorial settings. The paper concludes that, in a choice between a
 forestalling strategy and an absorption strategy, the latter offers a
 better way of managing such risks and to minimise exposure. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 691-711 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: blacklisting, Safehaven, political risk, Christiani & Nielsen, construction industry, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903125446 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903125446 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:5:p:691-711




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paloma Fernandez Perez 
Author-X-Name-First: Paloma Fernandez 
Author-X-Name-Last: Perez 
Author-Name: Nuria Puig 
Author-X-Name-First: Nuria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Puig 
Title: Global lobbies for a global economy: The creation of the Spanish Institute of Family Firms in international perspective 
Abstract:
  Globalisation has encouraged the creation of global lobbies which promote
 the interests of their associated members in international institutions.
 However, despite their increased importance in the global economy,
 scholarly literature has so far offered scarce data or analysis about
 these lobbies. This article examines the creation of global lobbies for
 large family firms over the last two decades, and the strong connection
 established in this period between collective action, education and
 internationalisation in the strategies of such firms. The establishment of
 the Spanish Institute of Family Firms is considered to be an early
 European adaptation of pioneering North American lobbies and a model for
 other European and Latin American associations of large family firms. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 712-733 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: family enterprise, lobby, Spanish Institute of Family Firms, globalisation, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903125610 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903125610 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:5:p:712-733




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fredrik Sandgren 
Author-X-Name-First: Fredrik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sandgren 
Title: From 'peculiar stores' to 'a new way of thinking': Discussions on self-service in Swedish trade journals, 1935-1955 
Abstract:
  Swedish self-service grew swiftly from the late 1940s. One important
 conduit of knowledge was journals. This article studies how self-service
 was perceived, promoted or opposed in Swedish trade journals in 1935-1955.
 The main sources are journals published by wholesaling/retailing
 businesses (the Co-op, ICA and ASK), business associations, trade unions
 and academics. The principles of self-service were discussed in the
 journals in the 1930s. Direct support for or no general criticism of
 self-service was found from the late 1940s. Co-operatives and academics
 were pioneers in promoting self-service. Trade unions hardly discussed the
 issue. Other actors had some early doubts. From the mid 1940s doubts
 disappeared. The business associations were ahead of businesses such as
 ICA and ASK in promoting self-service. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 734-753 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: diffusion of innovation, knowledge transfer, rationalisation of distribution, Americanisation, self-service, retailing, wholesaling, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903125636 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903125636 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:5:p:734-753




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alain Cortat 
Author-X-Name-First: Alain 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cortat 
Title: How cartels stimulate innovation and R&D: Swiss cable firms, innovation and the cartel question 
Abstract:
  The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate that a cartel is not
 necessarily synonymous with a brake on innovation but that, on the
 contrary, it may become the site of information transfer and technology
 exchange. The example chosen is the cable industry. Research was based on
 the archives of two Swiss cable manufacturers and on those of a Swiss and
 an international cartel (International Cable Development Corporation) from
 the beginning of the twentieth century until the 1970s. The cartels
 studied, which were primarily based on territorial and price protection,
 fostered various forms of information and technology transfers: exchange
 of information in order to rationalise production, know-how sharing,
 transfers or sales of patents or licences, standardisation of products to
 ensure compatibility between products from various companies. Finally, one
 of the cartels studied became a key player in Research and Development
 (R&D) by creating test structures and R&D laboratories and controlling
 market introduction of innovating products. The historiography of the last
 30 years had a tendency to consider cartels as an exception, however, as
 Jeffrey Fear wrote 'Yet, until the 1980s, the global story of big business
 must be told in conjunction with cartels rather than without them' (Fear,
 October 2006). The purpose of this paper is to once again look at one
 aspect of the cartels' impact on the innovation. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 754-769 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: cartels, innovation, R&D, competition, Swiss cable firms, cartel question, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903247489 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903247489 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:5:p:754-769




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stig Tenold 
Author-X-Name-First: Stig 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tenold 
Title: Vernon's product life cycle and maritime innovation: Specialised shipping in Bergen, Norway, 1970-1987 
Abstract:
  One of the most important developments in the post-war shipping industry
 has been the introduction of specialised ship types that have gained
 market shares in the transport of a large number of cargoes. The share of
 specialised tonnage in the Norwegian fleet increased from less than 1% in
 1960 to more than 30% by 1987. This trend towards increased specialisation
 did not occur to the same extent in all maritime centres. In an
 international perspective, Norwegian owners held a large share of the new
 specialised ships. This can partly be explained within the framework of
 the Vernon product life cycle. However, even within Norway there were
 substantial differences in the degree of investment in specialised
 tonnage. Specifically, a disproportionate share of the specialised
 Norwegian ships was owned by shipping companies in the city of Bergen. In
 1977 Bergen companies owned around 13% of the aggregate Norwegian fleet,
 but more than 40% of the specialised tonnage. The Bergen presence was
 particularly strong in two segments; chemical tankers and open hatch bulk
 shipping. Through closer studies of the companies involved it becomes
 evident that three factors - co-operation between individual companies,
 vertical integration and technological innovation - can explain Bergen's
 strong position within specialised shipping. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 770-786 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: shipping, Norway, specialisation, product life cycle, tankers, bulk carriers, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903125560 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903125560 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:5:p:770-786




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Catherine Casson 
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Casson 
Title: Buying for the home: shopping for the domestic from the seventeenth century to the present 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 787-788 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903125701 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903125701 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:5:p:787-788




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jean Clarke 
Author-X-Name-First: Jean 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clarke 
Title: The manager's tale: stories of managerial identity 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 788-789 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903125719 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903125719 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:5:p:788-789




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Agnes Pogany 
Author-X-Name-First: Agnes 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pogany 
Title: Aspects of independent Romania's economic history with particular reference to transition for EU accession 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 789-791 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903125727 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903125727 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:5:p:789-791




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ranald Michie 
Author-X-Name-First: Ranald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Michie 
Title: Finance and modernization: a transnational and transcontinental perspective for the nineteenth and twentieth centuries 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 791-793 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903125735 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903125735 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:5:p:791-793




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Schmitz 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schmitz 
Title: Mining tycoons in the age of empire, 1870-1945: entrepreneurship, high finance, politics and territorial expansion 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 793-794 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903125750 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903125750 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:5:p:793-794




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: William Hausman 
Author-X-Name-First: William 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hausman 
Title: Capitalizing on change: a social history of American business 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 794-795 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903125768 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903125768 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:5:p:794-795




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chad Pearson 
Author-X-Name-First: Chad 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson 
Title: The day Wall Street exploded: a story of America in its first age of terror 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 795-797 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903125776 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903125776 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:5:p:795-797




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Wright 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wright 
Title: Inside the Fed: monetary policy and its management, Martin through Greenspan to Bernanke 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 797-799 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903125784 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903125784 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:5:p:797-799




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Graeme Gooday 
Author-X-Name-First: Graeme 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gooday 
Title: Power struggles: scientific authority and the creation of practical electricity before Edison 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 799-800 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903125792 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903125792 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:5:p:799-800




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jim Phillips 
Author-X-Name-First: Jim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Phillips 
Title: Business and the limited reconstruction of industrial relations in the UK in the 1970s 
Abstract:
  Industrial relations were reconstructed in the UK in the 1970s, but only
 in a limited way. This article examines how business preserved ultimate
 managerial prerogative in the organisation of the firm and the workplace
 by constraining the process of reconstruction. The analysis contributes to
 understanding of business in the 1970s and varieties of capitalism
 literature on comparative political economy by suggesting that changes in
 industrial relations were accepted by business only where congruent with
 corporate strategy. Evidence comes from industrial relations surveys and
 the Bullock Inquiry on board-level worker participation. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 801-816 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: industrial relations, business, varieties of capitalism, industrial democracy, employee involvement, Labour governments, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903268253 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903268253 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:6:p:801-816




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sheryllynne Haggerty 
Author-X-Name-First: Sheryllynne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Haggerty 
Title: Risk and risk management in the Liverpool slave trade 
Abstract:
  The profits of the Liverpool slave trade are infamous, if somewhat more
 realistically represented in recent literature. Contemporaries and
 historians have posited that these higher profits were required to entice
 merchants into the trade because of the higher risks. However, there is
 very little work which investigates whether the risks of the slave trade
 really were higher than other similar opportunities. This article uses the
 case study of Liverpool slave traders to investigate the risks within the
 slave trade compared to other Atlantic ventures, and how Liverpool
 merchants managed those risks. It will argue that the slave trade was
 indeed a relatively risky trade in comparison with other Atlantic
 ventures, but that Liverpool merchants not only understood these risks,
 but actively embraced them, allowing them to manage them extremely well. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 817-834 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: risk, risk management, Liverpool, Atlantic, slave trade, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903266844 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903266844 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:6:p:817-834




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sub Park 
Author-X-Name-First: Sub 
Author-X-Name-Last: Park 
Title: Cooperation between business associations and the government in the Korean cotton industry, 1950-70 
Abstract:
  The Korean government intended to promote the cotton industry, and
 expected that the industry would play a positive role to decelerate the
 inflation rate and increase exports during 1950-70. However, the ability
 of Korean public servants to develop the industry was insufficient. Korea
 had a powerful business association in the industry, the Spinners and
 Weavers Association of Korea (SWAK), which did have enough organisational
 resources. The government asked SWAK to support its policies, and SWAK
 cooperated with the government with good results. SWAK did not simply
 implement government policies in the business world, but was a partner of
 the government in accomplishing targets. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 835-853 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: Korean cotton industry, business association, Spinners and Weavers Association of Korea, cooperation between government and business associations, growth coalition, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903266851 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903266851 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:6:p:835-853




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mae Baker 
Author-X-Name-First: Mae 
Author-X-Name-Last: Baker 
Author-Name: Caroline Eadsforth 
Author-X-Name-First: Caroline 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eadsforth 
Author-Name: Michael Collins 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Collins 
Title: Avoiding toxic assets and ensuring bank stability: English commercial bank investments, 1880-1910 
Abstract:
  New estimates are made of the relative importance of investments within
 the banks' assets structure, of the significance of bank investments in
 the market as a whole, of the composition of those investments, and of how
 those changed in a period that experienced a significant increase in the
 scale, liquidity and diversity in Britain's organised secondary capital
 markets. Investment holdings in the total market and amongst insurance
 companies are used as benchmarks. One main finding is that there was a
 great deal of variation in the size of bank investments relative to total
 assets, with no evidence of a 'norm' investments ratio. Another finding is
 that although there is some evidence of greater diversity over time,
 conservatism - and especially the continued heavy reliance on public
 sector securities - is more evident. Overall, there was a commitment to a
 high liquidity, risk-averse approach to portfolio management which
 contributed to bank stability and limited the financing of the private
 sector. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 854-874 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: banking history, investments, capital markets, bank stability, portfolio management, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903268261 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903268261 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:6:p:854-874




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Shanahan 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shanahan 
Author-Name: David Round 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Round 
Title: Serious cartel conduct, criminalisation and evidentiary standards: Lessons from the Coal Vend case of 1911 in Australia 
Abstract:
  The criminalisation of anti-competitive behaviour such as price fixing
 has long been a feature of US antitrust law. Some European countries have
 introduced criminal penalties for price fixing while in others the matter
 is under debate. Australia introduced such laws in 2009. Of critical
 importance when considering criminalisation is the evidentiary standard
 expected in criminal prosecutions. A century ago, in the Coal Vend case,
 the High Court of Australia broke new evidentiary ground in applying
 forensic accounting and economic methods to examine price fixing.
 Subsequently overturned, much could still be learnt by policy makers and
 competition agencies from this case. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 875-906 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: competition, cartels, price fixing, intent, public interest, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903281025 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903281025 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:6:p:875-906




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Makoto Kasuya 
Author-X-Name-First: Makoto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kasuya 
Title: Bond markets and banks in inter-war Japan 
Abstract:
  The issuance of bonds increased in inter-war Japan, the main investors
 being banks because the demand for loans declined in this period. Banks
 that were more tolerant to risk (that is, whose capital ratio was higher)
 made a larger amount of loans, which were riskier than bonds. While
 national bonds were traded actively in secondary markets, local bonds,
 corporate bonds, and bank debentures were not traded actively during this
 period. After the formation of cartels of banks and securities firms for
 bond underwriting and trading during the Great Depression, bond trading in
 secondary markets diminished, except for national bonds. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 907-926 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: Japanese banks, bond markets, inter-war period, the Great Depression, portfolio management, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903266869 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903266869 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:6:p:907-926




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eugene Choi 
Author-X-Name-First: Eugene 
Author-X-Name-Last: Choi 
Title: Entrepreneurial leadership in the Meiji cotton spinners' early conceptualisation of global competition 
Abstract:
  The superior competitiveness of the Japanese cotton industry became so
 obvious in the interwar period. The sources of the Japanese competitive
 advantage have thus collected considerable scholarly interest. A series of
 past studies stressed the significance of planned coordination and
 managerial innovations within the industry as a whole, and this involved
 their findings that the leading spinners and trading companies realised
 the efficient coordination. This paper inquires into the Meiji industrial
 leaders' conceptualisation of the new nature of entrepreneurial
 management. This entails an analysis of their early entrepreneurial
 leadership in the 1880s that provided the developing industry with a
 long-range plan for exponential growth since then. The essence of
 industrial competitiveness resided in the noticeable cognitive commonality
 in their sustainable core competence for the upcoming global competition. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 927-958 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
Keywords: Meiji Japan, Japanese cotton industry, Indian cotton industry, entrepreneurial management, industrial competitiveness, global competition, Takeo Yamanobe, Osaka Cotton Spinning Company, Senjiro Watanabe, Mitsui Trading Company, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903266877 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903266877 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:6:p:927-958




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Neil Rollings 
Author-X-Name-First: Neil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rollings 
Title: British conservatism and trade unionism, 1945-1964 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 959-960 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903246937 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903246937 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:6:p:959-960




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Clare Rose 
Author-X-Name-First: Clare 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rose 
Title: A fair day's wage for a fair day's work? Sweated labour and the origins of minimum wage legislation in Britain 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 960-962 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903246945 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903246945 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:6:p:960-962




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Melanie Ilic 
Author-X-Name-First: Melanie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ilic 
Title: The Soviet dream world of retail trade and consumption in the 1930s 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 962-963 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903246960 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903246960 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:6:p:962-963




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lesley Whitworth 
Author-X-Name-First: Lesley 
Author-X-Name-Last: Whitworth 
Title: Industry and modernism: companies, architecture, and identity in the Nordic and Baltic countries during the high-industrial period 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 963-965 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903246986 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903246986 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:6:p:963-965




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Title: The Puritan gift: reclaiming the American dream amidst global financial chaos 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 965-966 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903246994 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903246994 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:6:p:965-966




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vicki Howard 
Author-X-Name-First: Vicki 
Author-X-Name-Last: Howard 
Title: American consumer society, 1865-2005: from hearth to HDTV 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 966-968 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903247000 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903247000 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:6:p:966-968




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Terry Gourvish 
Author-X-Name-First: Terry 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gourvish 
Title: Bankruptcy to billions: how the Indian railways transformed 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 968-969 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903247018 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903247018 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:6:p:968-969




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elisabeth Koll 
Author-X-Name-First: Elisabeth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Koll 
Title: Shanghai splendor: economic sentiments and the making of modern China, 1843-1949 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 970-971 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903247026 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903247026 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:6:p:970-971




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alan Rugman 
Author-X-Name-First: Alan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rugman 
Title: The globalization of corporate governance 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 971-973 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903247034 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903247034 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:6:p:971-973




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alan Rugman 
Author-X-Name-First: Alan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rugman 
Title: Globalization's limits: conflicting national interests in trade and finance 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 973-973 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903247042 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903247042 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:6:p:973-973




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Roodhouse 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Roodhouse 
Title: The invisible hook: the hidden economics of pirates 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 973-975 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903247059 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903247059 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:6:p:973-975




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gordon Fletcher 
Author-X-Name-First: Gordon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fletcher 
Title: The genesis of macroeconomics: new ideas from Sir William Petty to Henry Thornton 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 975-977 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903247067 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903247067 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:6:p:975-977




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alistair Mutch 
Author-X-Name-First: Alistair 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mutch 
Title: Spirituality and corporate social responsibility: interpenetrating worlds 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 977-978 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903247075 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903247075 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:6:p:977-978




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steve Wood 
Author-X-Name-First: Steve 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wood 
Title: The globalization of retailing: volumes I and II 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 978-980 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 51 
Year: 2009 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903247083 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903247083 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:51:y:2009:i:6:p:978-980




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Walton 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Walton 
Title: New directions in business history: Themes, approaches and opportunities 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-16 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903475734 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903475734 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Mercer 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mercer 
Title: A mark of distinction: Branding and trade mark law in the UK from the 1860s 
Abstract:
  The development of branding is a neglected theme in business history.
 This article examines the emergence on a large scale of the unique product
 brand name - distinct from a company name or product descriptor - in the
 UK in the later nineteenth century. It looks at the interaction of
 branding strategies and UK trade mark law, which is shown to have accorded
 property rights in word-based marks only gradually and shaped the
 development of branding in the UK. Trademark application data from the
 1870s to the 1920s is cited to illustrate the widespread take-up of the
 brand name in the UK from the 1880s, and to consider its use by different
 types of consumer goods firms. The article then analyses the effects of
 such branding into the twentieth century, including its contribution to
 competitive advantage, the introduction of brand architecture, and the
 problem of brand genericisation. It is argued that the adoption of the
 brand name marked a major shift in brands, from descriptions of origin to
 objects of artifice. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 17-42 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: branding, brand names, trade marks, brand architecture, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903281033 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903281033 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:1:p:17-42




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bethan Lloyd Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Bethan Lloyd 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Title: Did royalties really impact on profits to the extent that coal companies believed? A case study of the Denbighshire Coalfield, 1870-1914 
Abstract:
  During the last quarter of the nineteenth century coal companies in the
 UK became increasingly vocal in their condemnation of the royalty rates
 charged by the mineral owners of the UK. Such was the furore that a Royal
 Commission on Mining Royalties was set up in 1890 with a remit to
 investigate these concerns. However, the commission concluded that
 royalties were not unduly harsh and did not make up a disproportionate
 part of costs. This article is an attempt to establish whether the views
 of the coal companies had any basis in fact or whether, as Mitchell
 asserts, 'royalties formed a comparatively unimportant fraction of the
 total cost of the coal industry in the nineteenth century' (B.R. Mitchell,
 (1984), The economic development of the British coal industry 1800-1914,
 Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 256). We start by considering
 royalties within a UK context and the issues that affected the methods
 used and the rates set. We then examine how royalties affected the profits
 per ton of the coal companies in Denbighshire for which archival records
 survive. This will enable us to determine whether Mitchell's view was
 correct or whether, as Fine believes, the impact can only be determined by
 considering the marginal impact of royalties on profits. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 43-61 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: royalties, coal companies, Denbighshire, profits, nineteenth century, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903348428 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903348428 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:1:p:43-61




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yun Liu 
Author-X-Name-First: Yun 
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu 
Title: Revisiting Hanyeping Company (1889-1908): A case study of China's early industrialisation and corporate history 
Abstract:
  This paper examines China's first modern industrial cartel, the Hanyeping
 Company, to understand China's early industrialisation and corporate
 history. From a firm-specific perspective, this pioneer trial by the
 Chinese scholar-bureaucrat elites turned out a failure largely because the
 firm failed to establish effective corporate governance. The archival
 evidence indicates that its institutional deficiency was also closely
 correlated with the over-stressing of the role of elites. The state-led
 pattern and top-down approach taken by those elites can also help explain
 its evolution. The lessons from this case study are useful for China's
 ongoing transitions today. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 62-73 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: China, industrialisation, corporate history, Hanyeping, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903469612 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903469612 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:1:p:62-73




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Sedgwick 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sedgwick 
Author-Name: Michael Pokorny 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pokorny 
Title: Consumers as risk takers: Evidence from the film industry during the 1930s 
Abstract:
  This paper examines the risk environment of film consumption in the
 United States during the 1930s when moviegoing dwarfed all other paid-for
 leisure activities. We argue that the wide variability in the financial
 performance of films, reflecting the considerable risks that were involved
 in film production, can be interpreted as being mirrored in the risks
 incurred by consumers in the film consumption process. We further argue
 that production risk needs to be understood within the context of consumer
 risk. Using a dataset derived from the trade journal Variety, we examine
 the weekly fortunes of movies in first-run cinemas as consumers rapidly
 substitute movies that are currently on release for the promised pleasures
 of yet unseen movies. That expected utility was not always realised was
 commonplace, as was the pleasurable surprise that came with being thrilled
 by certain films. These are important results since, perhaps for the first
 time in modern society, they led to the emergence of the long right tail
 of consumer preferences for mass distributed goods. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 74-99 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: consumer risk, film consumer behaviour, Hollywood, 1930s, long tail, experience goods, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903469620 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903469620 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:1:p:74-99




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eva Fernandez 
Author-X-Name-First: Eva 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernandez 
Title: Unsuccessful responses to quality uncertainty: Brands in Spain's sherry industry, 1920-1990 
Abstract:
  This article argues that exporters' brands were an unsuccessful response
 to the problems of selling sherry in the British market caused by quality
 uncertainty. Sherry exporters' brands were unable to sustain their
 reputation and price advantage. The sale of sherry-type wines increased
 substantially after World War II to account for 50% of the British market,
 but exporters failed to take legal action against them. The inelastic
 supply of wines in Jerez in the short run, which caused difficulties in
 meeting the increasing demand for sherry, explains the sale of cheap
 sherries by exporters as well as their acquiescence of the use of the word
 'sherry' by imitators. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 100-119 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: brands, reputation, appellations, sherry, wine trade, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903469638 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903469638 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:1:p:100-119




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Myriam Cloodt 
Author-X-Name-First: Myriam 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cloodt 
Author-Name: John Hagedoorn 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hagedoorn 
Author-Name: Nadine Roijakkers 
Author-X-Name-First: Nadine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Roijakkers 
Title: Inter-firm R&D networks in the global software industry: An overview of major trends and patterns 
Abstract:
  This paper presents an analysis of some major historical trends in
 inter-firm R&D partnering in the international software industry during
 the period 1970-1999. Our research demonstrates an overall growth pattern
 of newly made R&D partnerships and reveals the important role played by
 leading firms. We also examine the emergence of various R&D networks in
 the software industry, indicating the change from sparse and disconnected
 inter-firm R&D networks to dense and well-connected networks since the
 second half of the 1980s. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 120-149 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: historical trends, R&D partnerships, networks, software industry, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903469646 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903469646 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:1:p:120-149




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anne Murphy 
Author-X-Name-First: Anne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Murphy 
Title: Learning the business of banking: The management of the Bank of England's first tellers 
Abstract:
  This article focuses on what appears from the surviving records to have
 been the most troublesome of the new Bank of England's functions: the
 telling of money. The Bank's tellers had a complex job and the mistakes
 they made often proved costly, thus careful consideration was given to the
 means by which errors could be limited and servants incentivised to
 perform at their best. The methods used to motivate the tellers and manage
 the department, therefore, can reveal much about the men who implemented
 Britain's financial revolution and can give insights into the reasons for
 the Bank of England's business success and subsequent longevity. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 150-168 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: banking, business, management, working practices, working conditions, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903469653 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903469653 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:1:p:150-168




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Millward 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Millward 
Title: The family silver, business efficiency and the City, 1970-1987 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 169-185 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903475767 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903475767 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:1:p:169-185




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcia Annisette 
Author-X-Name-First: Marcia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Annisette 
Title: 22nd ABHRU Conference Call for Papers 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 186-186 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076790903522311 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076790903522311 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:1:p:186-186




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Terry Gourvish 
Author-X-Name-First: Terry 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gourvish 
Author-Name: Kevin Tennent 
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tennent 
Title: Peterson and Berger revisited: Changing market dominance in the British popular music industry, c.1950-80 
Abstract:
  In studies of the popular music industry, there has been much interest in
 the market share of the leading firms (majors), and the apparent
 connections between a high level of concentration and musical innovation
 and diversity. Peterson and Berger argued that in the United States the
 majors lost market share to independent companies in 1955-62, then
 recovered their position to 1973. This article uses a newly-constructed
 database and concentration measures to test the proposition in relation to
 Britain for 1952-75. We find that British majors also lost market share,
 but the process started much later, and was not followed by a recovery.
 Instead, American majors entered the market directly from the late 1960s. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 187-206 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: British music industry, concentration, competitive entry, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003610717 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003610717 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:2:p:187-206




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jordi Catalan 
Author-X-Name-First: Jordi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Catalan 
Title: Strategic policy revisited: The origins of mass production in the motor industry of Argentina, Korea and Spain, 1945-87 
Abstract:
  During the postwar 'golden age' of economic growth, Argentina, Korea and
 Spain promoted the development of their motor industries by restricting
 imports, licensing investment, imposing a high level of local sourcing for
 parts, and supporting their own national champions. These strategic
 policies took advantage of economies of scale, achieving significant
 increases in output, and creating dynamic competitive advantage. Sudden
 liberalisation or the high volatility of the macroeconomic environment
 could jeopardise the process of structural change. Gradual evolution of
 policy-making and the cumulative learning of capabilities by the national
 champions were crucial for long-term success. The present research
 supports both List's classical defence of protection for infant industries
 in medium-large economies and more recent claims in favour of strategic
 policy. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 207-230 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: strategic policy, automobile industry, Argentina, Korea, Spain, Hyundai, IKA, SEAT, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003611863 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003611863 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:2:p:207-230




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kurt Jacobsen 
Author-X-Name-First: Kurt 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jacobsen 
Title: Wasted opportunities? The Great Northern Telegraph Company and the wireless challenge 
Abstract:
  When the Great Northern Telegraph Company in 1913 bought the exclusive
 rights to exploit the Valdemar Poulsen Arc Transmitter it was not because
 the company wanted to take advantage of wireless telegraphy. Instead the
 company decided not to develop or implement the arc transmitter - a
 decision that has been described as a 'wasted opportunity'. This article,
 however, explores the behaviour of Great Northern and argues that there
 was little else the company could have done because of the structure of
 international telegraphy. Great Northern reacted as all other cable
 companies, and in this context the case of the Danish telegraph company is
 not just about the behaviour of one single firm. Rather, the case reveals
 important aspects of the business structures of international cable
 telegraphy and helps us to understand how one of the world's most powerful
 industries was brought to its knees by a new technology. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 231-250 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: telecommunications, technology, telegraphy, international politics, regulation, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003611871 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003611871 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:2:p:231-250




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: P&#xe5;l Thonstad Sandvik 
Author-X-Name-First: P&#xe5;l Thonstad 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sandvik 
Title: Multinationals, host countries and subsidiary development: Falconbridge Nikkelverk in Norway, 1929-39 
Abstract:
  Multinational companies and their subsidiaries have been important actors
 in the world economy. However, we know relatively little about the
 evolution of subsidiaries and their adaption to host country conditions.
 This article is a case study of a Norwegian subsidiary of the Canadian
 mining multinational Falconbridge Nickel Mines Ltd. It examines what
 autonomy the subsidiary had, how the autonomy was used, its development of
 knowledge and how it adapted to Norwegian ways of doing business. The
 article shows that subsidiaries may contribute significantly to the
 development of their mother companies. It highlights four factors that
 influenced the degree of autonomy and the evolution of subsidiaries in the
 inter-war era; namely host country politics, the line of business, the
 configuration of knowledge within the given multinational company and in
 case of acquisitions; the prehistory of the subsidiary. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 251-267 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: subsidiaries, subsidiary autonomy, multinational companies, host countries, nickel industry, Falconbridge, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003610667 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003610667 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:2:p:251-267




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hale Abdul Kader 
Author-X-Name-First: Hale Abdul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kader 
Author-Name: Michael Adams 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Adams 
Author-Name: Lars Fredrik Andersson 
Author-X-Name-First: Lars Fredrik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersson 
Author-Name: Magnus Lindmark 
Author-X-Name-First: Magnus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lindmark 
Title: The determinants of reinsurance in the Swedish property fire insurance market during the interwar years, 1919-39 
Abstract:
  Drawing a framework from agency theory, we use a panel data design to
 examine the factors motivating the level of demand for reinsurance in the
 rapidly developing Swedish property fire insurance market during the
 interwar period 1919-39. We find that as hypothesised, reinsurance enabled
 Swedish fire insurers to mitigate underwriting and solvency risks and thus
 increased their capacity to underwrite new business in uncertain economic
 times. This in turn helped to increase the supply of indemnity coverage
 for property (buildings) fire risks in the Swedish insurance market. We
 also find that as expected, investment earnings are inversely related to
 reinsurance purchases. However, contrary to what was hypothesised,
 reinsurance appears to be positively related to liquidity levels,
 suggesting that over our period of analysis, fire insurers could have been
 reinsuring to 'protect' earnings and accumulated cash reserves therefore
 enabling investment opportunities to be realised. Analysis of the
 sub-period 1919-28 further supports this contention, while our results for
 the economic depression years after 1929 show that reinsurance helped
 mitigate underwriting and insolvency risks, suggesting that the
 reinsurance decision of fire insurance companies could be motivated by
 macroeconomic factors. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 268-284 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: interwar period, Sweden, fire insurance, reinsurance, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003610683 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003610683 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:2:p:268-284




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David McLean 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: McLean 
Title: Protecting wood and killing germs: 'Burnett's Liquid' and the origins of the preservative and disinfectant industries in early Victorian Britain 
Abstract:
  Discovering chemicals as disinfectants and for timber preservation
 offered profitable opportunities in the early nineteenth century. After
 1839 Sir William Burnett promoted his pioneering patent for zinc chloride
 - attempting to persuade both fellow medical practitioners and the
 Admiralty of its widespread uses. Trials in the navy, among migrants to
 Canada in 1847-48, and during Britain's 1849 cholera epidemic were all
 intended to demonstrate the ability of his product to contain disease,
 while experiments with impregnated wood sought to secure markets in the
 shipbuilding and railway industries. Burnett achieved business success at
 some cost to his professional reputation. His liquid was gradually
 superseded by carbolic acid and a variety of proprietary brands after his
 death in 1861. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 285-305 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: history of medicine, disinfection, timber preservation, William Burnett, Canadian immigration, Royal Navy, patents, zinc chloride, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003610691 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003610691 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:2:p:285-305




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hannele Seeck 
Author-X-Name-First: Hannele 
Author-X-Name-Last: Seeck 
Author-Name: Anna Kuokkanen 
Author-X-Name-First: Anna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kuokkanen 
Title: Management paradigms in Finnish journals and literature between 1921 and 2006 
Abstract:
  This article examines when the information on central management
 paradigms first arrived in Finland, and how they have been discussed in
 Finnish journals. Our key findings reveal that rational paradigms -
 scientific management and structural analysis - dominated management
 discussions in Finnish journals until the 1980s, and that discussion on
 management paradigms in Finland in the twentieth century appears to have
 been characterised by a slow transition from rational ideology towards
 normative ideologies. We also found that Barley and Kunda's thesis (1992)
 regarding the alternation of rational and normative ideologies is not
 really applicable to Finland: it would seem that the emergence and
 adoption of paradigms coincide more with changes in economic and business
 structure and influences arriving from abroad. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 306-336 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: management paradigms, management history, scientific management, human relations, structural analysis, organisational culture, Finland, empirical study, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003610709 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003610709 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:2:p:306-336




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Thompson 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson 
Title: State and market in Victorian Britain: war, welfare and capitalism 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 337-338 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003612242 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003612242 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:2:p:337-338




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Taylor 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor 
Title: Guilty money: the City of London in Victorian and Edwardian culture, 1815-1914 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 338-340 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003612259 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003612259 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:2:p:338-340




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katrina Honeyman 
Author-X-Name-First: Katrina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Honeyman 
Title: The foundations of female entrepreneurship. Enterprise, home and household in London, c.1800-1870 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 340-342 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003612267 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003612267 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:2:p:340-342




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sheryllynne Haggerty 
Author-X-Name-First: Sheryllynne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Haggerty 
Title: Enterprising women and shipping in the nineteenth century 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 342-343 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003612275 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003612275 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:2:p:342-343




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kenneth Morgan 
Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morgan 
Title: The Guernsey merchants and their world in the Georgian era 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 343-344 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003612283 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003612283 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:2:p:343-344




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Napier 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Napier 
Title: The information master: Jean-Baptiste Colbert's secret state intelligence system 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 344-346 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003612291 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003612291 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:2:p:344-346




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giuliano Maielli 
Author-X-Name-First: Giuliano 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maielli 
Title: American firms in Europe 1880-1980: strategy, identity perception and performance 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 346-348 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003612317 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003612317 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:2:p:346-348




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Agnes Delahaye 
Author-X-Name-First: Agnes 
Author-X-Name-Last: Delahaye 
Title: To serve God and Wal-Mart: the making of Christian free enterprise 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 348-350 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003612325 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003612325 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:2:p:348-350




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rachel Maines 
Author-X-Name-First: Rachel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maines 
Title: Cold War kitchen: Americanization, technology and European users 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 350-352 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003612333 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003612333 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:2:p:350-352




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Silberstein-Loeb 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Silberstein-Loeb 
Title: Communication under the seas: the evolving cable network and its implications 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 352-353 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003612341 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003612341 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:2:p:352-353




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tony Elger 
Author-X-Name-First: Tony 
Author-X-Name-Last: Elger 
Title: Shifting boundaries of the firm: Japanese company - Japanese labour 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 354-355 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003612366 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003612366 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:2:p:354-355




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elif Cepni 
Author-X-Name-First: Elif 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cepni 
Title: The ascent of money: a financial history of the world 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 356-358 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003612382 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003612382 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:2:p:356-358




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carles Sudria 
Author-X-Name-First: Carles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sudria 
Author-Name: Paloma Fernandez Perez 
Author-X-Name-First: Paloma Fernandez 
Author-X-Name-Last: Perez 
Title: Introduction: The evolution of business history as an academic field in Spain 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 359-370 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003721589 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003721589 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:3:p:359-370




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adoracion Alvaro Moya 
Author-X-Name-First: Adoracion 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alvaro Moya 
Title: Internationalisation and political bargaining under oligopoly: International Harvester in Spain (c. 1900-1980) 
Abstract:
  This article explores the internationalisation process of the
 increasingly oligopolistic farm equipment industry. It does so by
 examining the case of International Harvester in Spain in the light of the
 changes that were taking place in world and host markets from the
 beginning of the twentieth century, when pioneering US firms began to
 operate abroad, until 1980, when economic depression forced a drastic
 reorganisation of the sector with which this multinational would not be
 able to cope. Although the case of International Harvester fits very well
 into gradual approaches of internationalisation, the study emphasises the
 influence exerted by the economic and political world and host contexts in
 that process, as well as the role played by local partners in increasing
 knowledge of and commitment to foreign markets. The study also provides
 empirical evidence about the bargaining process that usually preceded the
 entry of International Harvester and its competitors into promising
 protectionist markets throughout the 1960s. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 371-389 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: internationalisation, political bargaining, oligopoly, multinational enterprise, International Harvester, Spain, farm equipment industry, mechanisation, tractor, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003721605 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003721605 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:3:p:371-389




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ramon Ramon Munoz 
Author-X-Name-First: Ramon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ramon Munoz 
Title: Product differentiation and entry barriers: Mediterranean export firms in the American markets for olive oil prior to World War II 
Abstract:
  This article analyses the entry process of Mediterranean export firms in
 the American markets for packaged olive oil between the 1880s and the
 1930s. It explores whether those entry barriers traditionally identified
 by the literature emerged and to what extent they influenced such an entry
 process. Using trade data for the early 1930s, the article shows higher
 average levels of exporters' concentration in the Americas than elsewhere.
 It also documents that by around 1930 most of the Mediterranean firms
 leading packaged olive oil exports to Argentina and the USA had entered
 the markets on the other side of the Atlantic before World War I. Finally,
 it identifies product differentiation as a source of entry barrier in
 markets for packaged olive oil in the early 1930s. The article suggests
 that as the American markets for this product matured early-entrant
 advantages associated with the use of modern marketing became more
 apparent, which probably raised the cost of entry to new Mediterranean
 export firms during the inter-war period. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 390-416 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: olive oil, international trade, nineteenth and twentieth centuries, Mediterranean, Americas, brands, marketing, product differentiation, entry barriers, early-movers advantages, industrial organisation, economic history, international business history, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003721613 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003721613 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:3:p:390-416




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francisco Medina Albaladejo 
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Medina Albaladejo 
Title: External competitiveness of Spanish canned fruit and vegetable businesses during the second half of the twentieth century 
Abstract:
  The Spanish canned fruit and vegetable industry has had a strong export
 orientation since its beginnings at the end of the nineteenth century. A
 growing foreign demand, the constraints of the domestic market and the
 need to find outlets for large quantities of fruit and vegetables
 resulting from the modernisation of farming were behind this intense move
 towards an international focus. In this paper we seek to show what
 constituted the bases of the competitive advantage of the Spanish canning
 industry. Three main conclusions can be drawn from applying the theory of
 industrial clusters: the absolute advantage of costs (in salaries and in
 raw materials) obtained from the geographical concentration of the sector,
 which allowed businesses to offer highly competitive prices; knowledge
 sharing throughout the history of the industry; and the importance of
 state help. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 417-434 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: exports, canned fruit and vegetables, industrial clusters, Spain, twentieth century, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003721845 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003721845 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:3:p:417-434




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Esther Sanchez 
Author-X-Name-First: Esther 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sanchez 
Title: The French armament firms and the Spanish market, 1948-75 
Abstract:
  This article examines the evolution of French-Spanish military relations
 during the major part of General Franco's government in Spain. Special
 attention is given to the sales of arms and licences for manufacturing
 them in Spain. During the Cold War, Spain was part of the western bloc,
 led by the US. Nevertheless, the country's military equipment was not only
 supplied by US armament firms, but also by French ones, proving the limits
 to Americanisation in this sector. After several decades of contacts and
 negotiations between (mainly state-owned) French and Spanish companies,
 the most important results appeared at the beginning of the 1970s, being
 consolidated and extended during the democratic period. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 435-452 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: French-Spanish military relations, Franco regime, armament industry, armament firms, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003721944 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003721944 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:3:p:435-452




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Fernandez Moya 
Author-X-Name-First: Maria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernandez Moya 
Title: A family-owned publishing multinational: The Salvat company (1869-1988) 
Abstract:
  This article analyses the ability of European family businesses in the
 publishing sector to adapt to the various politico-economic circumstances
 of the turbulent twentieth century, examined through a case study of one
 of Spain's most prominent historical publishing houses: the Salvat
 company. The objective of the paper is to explain the reasons behind
 Salvat's growth as a family-owned multinational, from the time of its
 founding in 1869 to its eventual acquisition by the French group Hachette
 in 1988. It will be shown that this growth was supported by a number of
 factors: a notable capacity for innovation, not only technological but in
 terms of management and organisation; the active insertion of owners and
 managers in a diversity of social networks; an early and intense
 internationalisation; and&#xa0;-&#xa0;beginning in the
 1960s&#xa0;-&#xa0;the professionalisation of the company's management. A
 process of knowledge accumulation within the company itself was the
 foundation for all of this adaptational capacity, and the key to
 understanding how Salvat evolved from a small family-owned Catalonian
 publishing house in 1869 to the world's leading Spanish-language publisher
 in the 1970s. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 453-470 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: family firms, internationalisation, Spanish multinationals, publishing sector, Spanish-language publishing industry, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003721969 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003721969 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:3:p:453-470




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tomas Fernandez de Sevilla 
Author-X-Name-First: Tomas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernandez de Sevilla 
Title: Renault in Spain: From assembly to manufacture, 1961-72 
Abstract:
  Two broad themes emerge from an analysis of the business history of
 Fabricacion de Automoviles Sociedad Anonima (FASA) (FASA-Renault from
 1965) during the period 1961 to 1972. The first concerns the factors that
 enabled a less-industrialised country like Spain to develop a powerful car
 industry. The hypothesis analysed here, which follows Ha-Joon Chang and
 Paul Krugman, attributes the development to strategic industrial policies
 that were protectionist in nature. The second broad theme is that business
 strategies lay behind FASA's ability to adapt successfully to its
 environment and grow into a large company. The hypothesis examined here is
 that the company's success was a result of its ability to acquire the five
 capabilities to which Alfred D. Chandler attributes industrial success in
 the Second Technological Revolution. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 471-492 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: strategic industrial policy, Chandler portfolio of skills, large company, car-making industry, FASA-Renault, Renault, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003721985 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003721985 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:3:p:471-492




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marc Badia Miro 
Author-X-Name-First: Marc 
Author-X-Name-Last: Badia Miro 
Author-Name: Yolanda Blasco 
Author-X-Name-First: Yolanda 
Author-X-Name-Last: Blasco 
Author-Name: Sergi Lozano 
Author-X-Name-First: Sergi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lozano 
Author-Name: Raimon Soler 
Author-X-Name-First: Raimon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Soler 
Title: Centrality and investment strategies at the beginning of industrialisation in mid-nineteenth-century Catalonia 
Abstract:
  We apply social networks analysis to the study of an important database
 on investment and companies' share in the Catalonia (Spain) of the
 nineteenth century. In contrast with most of the existing related
 literature, usually addressing power relationships across administration
 boards, we focus on the structure of interactions among individual
 investors and firms. Centrality analysis uncovers interesting roles played
 by certain economic sectors (e.g. textile and financial). Furthermore, the
 diverse composition (in terms of economic activity) of communities in the
 network (subgroups more densely connected internally than with the rest of
 the network) reveals a high investment diversification, which nicely
 agrees with a known characteristic of traditional Catalan business
 strategies. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 493-515 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: social networks analysis, investment strategies, Barcelona, nineteenth century, centrality, structural communities, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003722017 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003722017 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:3:p:493-515




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alistair Mutch 
Author-X-Name-First: Alistair 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mutch 
Title: Improving the public house in Britain, 1920-40: Sir Sydney Nevile and 'social work' 
Abstract:
  The 'improved public house' movement in the inter-war years was a central
 part of the shift towards retailing by the brewing industry. An important
 part of the reform movement was the alliance between certain brewers,
 notably Whitbread, and 'social workers', particularly those associated
 with the University Settlement movement in London. Using the papers of
 Sydney Nevile, the importance of a particular social milieu is outlined,
 calling into question attempts to align the movement to improve public
 houses with transatlantic Progressivism. Rather, this alliance drew upon
 longstanding English traditions of public service and religious
 affiliation amongst a fraction of the gentry. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 517-535 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: public houses, brewing, Whitbread, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003763987 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003763987 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:4:p:517-535




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Singleton 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Singleton 
Author-Name: Grietjie Verhoef 
Author-X-Name-First: Grietjie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Verhoef 
Title: Regulation, deregulation, and internationalisation in South African and New Zealand banking 
Abstract:
  The banking industries of New Zealand and South Africa were among the
 most tightly regulated in the western world in the early 1980s.
 Restrictions on foreign banks were particularly acute, especially in South
 Africa. From a position of considerable isolation, first New Zealand then
 South Africa implemented programmes of financial liberalisation. We show
 that the outcome of liberalisation was different in these two countries.
 South African banks were able to establish a strong presence in external
 markets, but the New Zealand banking system was mopped up by its
 Australian neighbour. These divergent outcomes reflect the origins,
 geographical position, and unequal capabilities of the New Zealand and
 South African banking industries. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 536-563 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: banking, internationalisation, South Africa, New Zealand, regulation, deregulation, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003753152 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003753152 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:4:p:536-563




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. J. Arnold 
Author-X-Name-First: A. J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Arnold 
Author-Name: Sean McCartney 
Author-X-Name-First: Sean 
Author-X-Name-Last: McCartney 
Title: Can macro-economic sources be used to define UK business performance, 1855-1914? 
Abstract:
  The measurement of business performance addresses issues central to
 business history and this paper examines the evidence on rates of return
 for UK risk-bearing capital across the period 1855-1914. Existing series,
 based on the archival records of individual companies and on market data,
 provide results that are relatively reliable, if limited in scope. The
 national income accounting framework, in conjunction with capital stock
 measurements, instead offers the potential to identify a comprehensive
 series, although one subject to a number of valuation assumptions. In this
 paper, such a new series is provided and evaluated. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 564-589 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: business performance, rates of return, UK risk-bearing capital, 1855-1914, national income accounting, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003753160 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003753160 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:4:p:564-589




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marc Deloof 
Author-X-Name-First: Marc 
Author-X-Name-Last: Deloof 
Author-Name: Annelies Roggeman 
Author-X-Name-First: Annelies 
Author-X-Name-Last: Roggeman 
Author-Name: Wouter Van Overfelt 
Author-X-Name-First: Wouter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Overfelt 
Title: Bank affiliations and corporate dividend policy in pre-World War I Belgium 
Abstract:
  We investigate the impact of universal banks on the dividend policy of
 affiliated companies, in an environment characterised by poor investor
 protection, booming stock markets and strong banks. Our results, based on
 a unique sample of 428 listed companies in pre-World War I Belgium, are
 consistent with the hypothesis that companies with good investment
 opportunities and a bank director on their board paid higher dividends to
 establish a good reputation with investors. However, our results also
 indicate that companies with several bank directors and companies in which
 the bank had an equity stake paid lower dividends. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 590-616 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: corporate finance, corporate governance, financial history, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003753178 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003753178 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:4:p:590-616




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Wild 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wild 
Title: Learning the wrong lessons from history: Underestimating strategic change in business turnarounds 
Abstract:
  Firms that are able to shift their trajectory from continual failure to
 sustained success are rare, yet turnarounds do occur and are part of the
 business landscape. Little progress has been made over the last two
 decades in discovering the key factors that can lead to firms escaping
 from continual failure. This study examines turnarounds in the late
 twentieth century, finding that the importance of strategic change may
 have been significantly underestimated in previous turnaround research.
 Emphasis is given to the care that must be taken when constructing
 research methodologies to ensure we avoid learning the wrong lessons from
 history. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 617-650 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: turnaround, acquisition, divestment, resource-based view, performance, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003753186 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003753186 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:4:p:617-650




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Clayton 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clayton 
Title: Advertising expenditure in 1950s Britain 
Abstract:
  Advertising as a proportion of national income rose from the late 1940s
 and peaked in the mid-to-late 1950s. This growth however exhibited
 inflection points in 1949 and 1951 which coincided with political economy
 shifts. During this period of growth all sectors producing consumer goods
 increased expenditure on advertising; expenditure on advertising by the
 tobacco, and the clothing and footwear sectors rose the most relative to
 consumer spending on these product categories. From the mid-1950s,
 advertising of household goods, a category which included electrical
 durables and furniture, rose at the fastest rate. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 651-665 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: advertising, marketing, affluence, austerity, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003753194 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003753194 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:4:p:651-665




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Singleton 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Singleton 
Title: The spinning world: a global history of cotton textiles, 1200-1850 / King Cotton: a tribute to Douglas Farnie 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 666-669 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003764985 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003764985 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:4:p:666-669




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robin Pearson 
Author-X-Name-First: Robin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson 
Title: Regulated lives: life insurance and British society, 1800-1914 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 669-671 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003765008 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003765008 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:4:p:669-671




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gaspar Martins Pereira 
Author-X-Name-First: Gaspar Martins 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pereira 
Title: Oceans of wine: Madeira and the emergence of American trade and taste 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 671-673 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003765016 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003765016 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:4:p:671-673




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pedro Fernandez Sanchez 
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro Fernandez 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sanchez 
Title: Revista de la historia de la economia y de la empresa. Las sociedades anonimas y el desarrollo economico en Espana 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 674-675 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003765032 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003765032 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:4:p:674-675




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: The years of the lion. Generali: 175 years, 1831-2006 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 675-676 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003765057 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003765057 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:4:p:675-676




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: Deux siecles d'Assurance Mutuelle: le Groupe Azur 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 676-677 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003765065 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003765065 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:4:p:676-677




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hans-Heinrich Nolte 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans-Heinrich 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nolte 
Title: Female entrepreneurs in nineteenth-century Russia 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 678-679 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003765073 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003765073 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:4:p:678-679




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Tadajewski 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tadajewski 
Title: The development of marketing management: the case of the USA c. 1910-1940 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 679-682 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003765099 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003765099 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:4:p:679-682




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roberto Davini 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Davini 
Title: How India clothed the world: the world of South Asian textiles, 1500-1850 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 682-684 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003765107 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003765107 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:4:p:682-684




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: Histoire du Canal de Suez 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 684-686 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003765115 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003765115 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:4:p:684-686




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: La Mediterranee Asiatique: villes portuaires et reseaux marchands en Chine, au Japon et en Asie du Sud-Est, xvie-xxie siecles 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 686-688 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003765123 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003765123 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:4:p:686-688




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Bean 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bean 
Title: Boulevard of broken dreams: why public efforts to boost entrepreneurship and venture capital have failed - and what to do about it 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 688-689 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003765131 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003765131 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:4:p:688-689




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ranald Michie 
Author-X-Name-First: Ranald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Michie 
Title: This time is different: eight centuries of financial folly 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 689-691 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003765156 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003765156 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:4:p:689-691




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steve Baron 
Author-X-Name-First: Steve 
Author-X-Name-Last: Baron 
Title: Global experience industries: the business of the experience economy 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 691-692 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003765172 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003765172 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:4:p:691-692




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gerald Crompton 
Author-X-Name-First: Gerald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Crompton 
Title: A century of ferment: the fight for the foam in twentieth century Spain 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 692-694 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003612309 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003612309 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:4:p:692-694




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Higgins 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Higgins 
Author-Name: Geoffrey Tweedale 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tweedale 
Title: Oil on the water: Government regulation of a carcinogen in the twentieth-century Lancashire cotton spinning industry 
Abstract:
  In the Lancashire cotton textile industry, mule spinners were prone to a
 chronic and sometimes fatal skin cancer (often affecting the groin). The
 disease had reached epidemic proportions by the 1920s, which necessitated
 action by the government, employers, and trade unions. In contrast to
 previous accounts, this article focuses on the government's reaction to
 mule spinners' cancer. Using official records in the National Archives,
 the slow introduction of health and safety measures by the government is
 explored in detail. Although obstructionism by the employers played a key
 role, one of the reasons for government inaction was the ambiguity of
 scientific research on engineering oils. On the other hand, prolonged
 scientific research suited a government policy that was framed around self
 regulation - a policy that had proved largely ineffective by the 1950s. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 695-712 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: epithelioma, industrial cancer, occupational health, self-regulation, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.499430 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.499430 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:5:p:695-712




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pierre-Yves Donze 
Author-X-Name-First: Pierre-Yves 
Author-X-Name-Last: Donze 
Title: Switzerland and the industrialisation of Japan: Swiss direct investments and technology transfers to Japan during the twentieth century 
Abstract:
  After the United States, Switzerland was one of the main sources of FDI
 to Japan in the twentieth century. Swiss multinationals that have invested
 there have three characteristics in common. First of all, they take a
 long-term perspective. The main companies present at the beginning of the
 twentieth century (Brown Boveri, Ciba, Nestle, Sandoz, Sulzer) were still
 some of the largest Swiss companies in Japan at the end of the century.
 Second, they gradually shifted from distribution to production during the
 inter-war period. Third, they backed Japan's industrialisation by
 strengthening historically underdeveloped sectors (chemicals) and by
 contributing to the growth of the manufacturing industry (machines). 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 713-736 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: Switzerland, Japan, foreign direct investment (FDI), technology transfer, twentieth century, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003763201 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003763201 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:5:p:713-736




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Seltzer 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Seltzer 
Title: Salaries and promotion opportunities in the English banking industry, 1890-1936 
Abstract:
  This article re-examines the recent claim that the economic position of
 bank clerks was stable or improving during the late nineteenth and early
 twentieth centuries. Using rich data from Williams Deacon's Bank,
 Manchester and Liverpool District Bank, and Sheffield and Rotherham Bank,
 it is shown that real salaries were declining between the 1890s and World
 War I. For some groups of clerks, this decline was considerable. In
 addition, promotion to higher levels, such as branch manager, was becoming
 more difficult and the returns to promotion were declining. The economic
 position of banking staff only recovered in the 1920s and 1930s. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 737-759 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: bank clerks, salary, promotion, England and Wales, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003763193 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003763193 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:5:p:737-759




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Author-Name: Alan McKinlay 
Author-X-Name-First: Alan 
Author-X-Name-Last: McKinlay 
Title: Rethinking the assembly line: Organisation, performance and productivity in Ford Motor Company, c. 1908-27 
Abstract:
  Previous assessments of Ford's assembly line have been based on a limited
 set of highly aggregated data. New, more detailed and extensive data
 allows a reconsideration of Ford's operations and their effectiveness to
 confirm more fully some earlier understandings through extending the
 analyses to show the line's impact over a longer period and with more
 detail about its operational and organisational effects. The
 reconsideration also challenges some earlier ideas to show that the line
 was intensively exploited to yield productivity improvements, and that it
 was not so rigidly used as previously thought. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 760-778 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: Ford, assembly line, production, productivity, management, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.499425 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.499425 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:5:p:760-778




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Susanna Fellman 
Author-X-Name-First: Susanna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fellman 
Title: Enforcing and re-enforcing trust: Employers, managers and upper-white-collar employees in Finnish manufacturing companies, 1920-1980 
Abstract:
  In this article employee-employer relations with respect to
 upper-white-collar employees in Finnish large-scale companies are
 investigated. The period is from the 1920s to the 1980s. The article shows
 that the employee-employer relations were during the whole period based on
 mutual trust. In spite of significant transformations in the labour market
 practices and in interest formulation and unionisation among these
 employees, it was in the interests of both parties to maintain these
 trustful relations. However, the tools with which to maintain such
 relations changed and adapted. The process was not easy, and was marked by
 elements of conflict and tension. The elements of trust had to be actively
 strengthened and rebuilt, especially in the 1960s and 1970s. But as the
 post-war economic and societal model was marked by a striving for
 consensus and the smoothing out of conflicts in order to promote
 industrialisation and growth, the institutional model also supported the
 maintaining of mutual trust and loyalty between the employees and the
 employers. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 779-811 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: trust, employer-employee relations, upper-white-collar employees, managers, collective wage bargaining, manufacturing industry, Finland, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.499426 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.499426 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:5:p:779-811




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leanne Johns 
Author-X-Name-First: Leanne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Johns 
Author-Name: Pierre van der Eng 
Author-X-Name-First: Pierre 
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Eng 
Title: Networks and business development: Convict businesspeople in Australia, 1817-24 
Abstract:
  This article uses social network analysis to examine accounting records
 in order to establish and analyse business relationships. It applies this
 methodology to accounting transactions recorded at Australia's first bank,
 the Bank of New South Wales (BNSW) in order to establish whether a
 business network existed among ex-convict businesspeople in Sydney during
 1817-24. Uncertainty regarding distance from suppliers and credit
 facilities, lack of markets and business connections plus the social
 stigma of 'convictism' meant that it was difficult but not impossible for
 ex-convicts to establish businesses. The network among BNSW shareholders
 and depositors served the purpose of pooling of resources and information
 and alleviating uncertainty. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 812-833 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: business networks, social network analysis, Australia, colonial banks, accounting records, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.499428 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.499428 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:5:p:812-833




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ilan Oshri 
Author-X-Name-First: Ilan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Oshri 
Author-Name: Henk de Vries 
Author-X-Name-First: Henk 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Vries 
Author-Name: Huibert de Vries 
Author-X-Name-First: Huibert 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Vries 
Title: The rise of Firefox in the web browser industry: The role of open source in setting standards 
Abstract:
  Recent years have witnessed a continuous erosion of the Microsoft
 Internet Explorer share in the web browser market, mainly induced by the
 continuous gains of Mozilla Firefox, an open source software product. This
 tendency would seem to contradict the well-established belief that in a
 standards battle 'the strong grow stronger while the weak grow weaker'.
 The objective of this study is to explain the evolution of web browsers
 through the analysis of the competitive relationship between the main
 players in this ongoing battle. We examine two standards battles: first,
 Netscape versus Microsoft, followed by the more recent battle between
 Microsoft and Mozilla. The analysis contributes to the understanding of
 standard battles in the context of open source software. It will be argued
 that some characteristics of Open Source Firefox, such as the semi-open
 development approach and the involvement of commercial companies,
 partially explain the rise of this web browser. Lock-in mechanisms, which
 historically have been reported to be dominant factors in standards
 battles, seem to have little impact in the context of open source
 software. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 834-856 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: Firefox, Internet Explorer, open source software, web browsers, setting standards, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.499431 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.499431 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:5:p:834-856




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Taylor 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor 
Title: A social history of company law: Great Britain and the Australian colonies, 1854-1920 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 857-858 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.500167 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.500167 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:5:p:857-858




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hannah Barker 
Author-X-Name-First: Hannah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barker 
Title: Women and their money 1700-1950: essays on women and finance 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 858-860 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.500170 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.500170 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:5:p:858-860




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Guido Alfani 
Author-X-Name-First: Guido 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alfani 
Title: Trade and industry in early modern Italy 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 860-862 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.500174 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.500174 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:5:p:860-862




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: Politique et finance a travers l'Europe du XXe siecle. Entretiens avec Robert Jablon 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 862-863 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.500175 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.500175 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:5:p:862-863




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Hickey 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hickey 
Title: Russia's factory children: state, society, and law, 1800-1917 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 863-865 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.500176 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.500176 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:5:p:863-865




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Douglas Walter Bristol 
Author-X-Name-First: Douglas Walter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bristol 
Title: The history of black business in America: capitalism, race, entrepreneurship 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 865-867 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.500178 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.500178 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:5:p:865-867




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: William Hausman 
Author-X-Name-First: William 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hausman 
Title: Engineering invention: Frank J. Sprague and the U.S. electrical industry 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 867-869 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.500179 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.500179 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:5:p:867-869




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giovanni Favero 
Author-X-Name-First: Giovanni 
Author-X-Name-Last: Favero 
Title: The cost of living in America: a political history of economic statistics 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 869-870 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.500180 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.500180 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:5:p:869-870




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Manuel Llorca-Jana 
Author-X-Name-First: Manuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Llorca-Jana 
Title: Experiments in financial democracy: corporate governance and financial development in Brazil, 1882-1950 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 870-872 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.500181 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.500181 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:5:p:870-872




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lesley Richmond 
Author-X-Name-First: Lesley 
Author-X-Name-Last: Richmond 
Title: A business case for business history: how companies can profit from their past 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 872-873 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791003765164 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791003765164 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:5:p:872-873




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ian Mitchell 
Author-X-Name-First: Ian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mitchell 
Title: Innovation in non-food retailing in the early nineteenth century: The curious case of the bazaar 
Abstract:
  Commercial bazaars were a short-lived retail innovation of the first half
 of the nineteenth century, mainly in London. Rather like fairs had done
 earlier, they offered a wide range of clothing, household and fancy goods
 and entertainment. Like fairs they were about both shopping and leisure.
 But, unlike fairs, they were a controlled environment, permanent and
 fashionable. The norm was for counters to be let out daily, but some
 bazaars were essentially large shops. Traders in bazaars were often
 female, and at least some used bazaars as secondary outlets. Shop
 retailers complained about the unfair competition offered by bazaars, but
 many bazaars struggled commercially. Nevertheless they can be seen as
 precursors of department stores and covered market halls. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 875-891 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: retailing, bazaars, fairs, markets, nineteenth century, London, department stores, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.499427 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.499427 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kurt Pedersen 
Author-X-Name-First: Kurt 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pedersen 
Author-Name: Peter S&#xf8;rensen 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: S&#xf8;rensen 
Author-Name: Jesper Strandskov 
Author-X-Name-First: Jesper 
Author-X-Name-Last: Strandskov 
Title: An international business blunder: Fennia 1913-16 
Abstract:
  In 1913 Otto M&#xf8;nsted A/S, Denmark's leading margarine manufacturer,
 acquired a majority share in Fennia, a small and insignificant Finnish
 margarine company. The Danish company had extensive knowledge of all
 functional aspects of margarine, and had up to 1909 been a dominant player
 in the British margarine industry. In spite of the massive international
 experience that had been accumulated by Otto M&#xf8;nsted A/S the Finnish
 venture turned into a disaster, because for all their experience the
 Danish managers committed an impressive range of failures. The work of N.
 Nohria and S. Ghoshal is applied to the case, and a theoretically
 consistent analysis is provided. The conclusion of the paper is that the
 analytical framework of Nohria and Ghoshal serves well in this respect. It
 is further shown that value-added chain analysis is useful in linking
 functional failures to a corporate governance perspective. In the final
 resort, World War I killed off the experiment, but it was doomed anyway.
 Almost 100 years have passed, but today managers have lessons to learn
 from this event. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 892-911 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: foreign direct investment (FDI), business blunder, margarine industry, multinational management, business history, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.499429 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.499429 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:6:p:892-911




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Albane Forestier 
Author-X-Name-First: Albane 
Author-X-Name-Last: Forestier 
Title: Risk, kinship and personal relationships in late eighteenth-century West Indian trade: The commercial network of Tobin & Pinney 
Abstract:
  Which strategies enabled merchants to sustain commercial expansion in the
 risky context of Atlantic trade? This study evaluates the role of kinship
 and long-term relationships as solutions to the problems posed by
 long-distance trade, when there is a common national and legal framework.
 Tobin & Pinney did not rely much on family connections to develop and
 support their operations. As former planters themselves, they took
 advantage of the contacts and 'friendships' they had established with
 planters and agents in Nevis before setting up in the commission trade in
 Bristol, and their success was based on repeated interaction and their
 former proximity to the Nevis planter class. This risk reduction strategy
 however limited the partners' ability to expand their business beyond
 Nevis. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 912-931 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: business networks, long-distance trade, eighteenth-century West Indian merchants, kinship, trust, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.511182 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.511182 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:6:p:912-931




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcel Hoogenboom 
Author-X-Name-First: Marcel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoogenboom 
Author-Name: Duco Bannink 
Author-X-Name-First: Duco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bannink 
Author-Name: Willem Trommel 
Author-X-Name-First: Willem 
Author-X-Name-Last: Trommel 
Title: From local to grobal, and back 
Abstract:
  This is a case study of Vlisco, a Dutch textile printing company since
 1846 that produces batik cloth for the West African consumer market. We
 focus on the changing status of batik cloth in West Africa and related
 shifts in the relations of Vlisco with its consumers and local trade
 partners over a period of almost two centuries. We conclude that in the
 long run, globalisation does not necessarily result in the transformation
 of authentic and locally conceived products into empty mass products, and
 even if it does, in time the process can change direction. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 932-954 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: globalisation, glocalisation, batik cloths, West Africa, Vlisco, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.511183 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.511183 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:6:p:932-954




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Qing Lu 
Author-X-Name-First: Qing 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lu 
Title: The US government dual banking regulation levels, transaction costs and HSBC's strategy in acquiring Marine Midland Banks, Inc., 1978-80 
Abstract:
  This paper undertakes a case study of HSBC acquiring Marine Midland
 Banks, Inc. (MMBI) in the US between 1978 and 1980, a historic incident
 that had a catalytic impact on the whole debate about foreign banking in
 the US and re-examination of the restrictions on the US banks' inter-state
 operations. This paper explores the impact of the US government's
 financial regulatory structure on HSBC's acquisition and how HSBC dealt
 with difficulties caused by the US government regulations. We find that
 the structure of the US government financial regulation caused political
 hazards which further influenced HSBC's contractual hazards and business
 transaction costs. We have established that the different attitudes of the
 federal and state regulatory authorities toward HSBC's acquisition were
 closely related to their interests, regulatory capability and resources.
 Our analysis also confirms that HSBC's commitment strategy did help it to
 earn the federal regulatory authorities' support and MMBI's cooperation,
 which facilitated the conversion of Marine Midland Bank (MMB), a principal
 subsidiary of MMBI, to the status of a national chartered bank and allowed
 HSBC to circumvent the NYBD's regulation. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 955-977 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: US financial regulatory structure, acquisition, transaction costs, HSBC, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.511184 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.511184 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:6:p:955-977




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Brahim Herbane 
Author-X-Name-First: Brahim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Herbane 
Title: The evolution of business continuity management: A historical review of practices and drivers 
Abstract:
  As a form of crisis management, business continuity management (BCM) has
 evolved since the 1970s in response to the technical and operational risks
 that threaten an organisation's recovery from hazards and interruptions.
 This paper examines the development of business practices related to
 crisis management alongside the emergence of legislation, regulations and
 standards (drivers) requiring organisations to implement specific business
 continuity activities. From the resulting historical review, three
 distinct phases of management practice and four phases in the development
 of drivers are identified, revealing the influence of events over
 governance, the internationalisation of influence, and organisational
 resilience as a meta-institution. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 978-1002 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: business continuity management, disaster recovery planning, international standards, organisational resilience, crisis management, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.511185 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.511185 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Larry Neal 
Author-X-Name-First: Larry 
Author-X-Name-Last: Neal 
Title: The origins of English financial markets: investment and speculation before the South Sea Bubble 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1003-1004 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.510686 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.510686 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:6:p:1003-1004




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Taylor 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor 
Title: Making the market: Victorian origins of corporate capitalism 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1005-1006 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.516536 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.516536 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:6:p:1005-1006




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Santhi Hejeebu 
Author-X-Name-First: Santhi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hejeebu 
Title: The twilight of the East India Company: the evolution of Anglo-Asian commerce and politics, 1790-1860 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1006-1008 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.510687 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.510687 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:6:p:1006-1008




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Wardley 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wardley 
Title: British business in the formative years of European integration, 1945-1973 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1008-1010 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.500172 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.500172 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:6:p:1008-1010




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ralf Banken 
Author-X-Name-First: Ralf 
Author-X-Name-Last: Banken 
Title: Swiss aluminium for Hitler's war? The history of the 'Alusuisse' 1918-1950 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1010-1012 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.517001 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.517001 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:6:p:1010-1012




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Heller 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Heller 
Title: Freud on Madison Avenue: motivation research and subliminal advertising in America 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1012-1014 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.517002 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.517002 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wilson Warren 
Author-X-Name-First: Wilson 
Author-X-Name-Last: Warren 
Title: Horace Plunkett in America: an Irish aristocrat on the Wyoming range 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1014-1015 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.510688 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.510688 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giuliano Maielli 
Author-X-Name-First: Giuliano 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maielli 
Title: The second automobile revolution. Trajectories of the world carmakers in the 21st century 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1016-1017 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.517004 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.517004 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:6:p:1016-1017




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Campbell-Kelly 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Campbell-Kelly 
Title: Chips and change: how crisis reshapes the semiconductor industry 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1017-1019 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.517005 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.517005 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:6:p:1017-1019




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Title: The rise and fall of management: a brief history of practice, theory and context 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1019-1020 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.517006 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.517006 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:6:p:1019-1020




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Title: Management history. Text and cases 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1020-1021 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.517007 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.517007 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:6:p:1020-1021




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Blundel 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Blundel 
Title: Strategy without design: the silent efficacy of indirect action 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1022-1024 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.517009 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.517009 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:6:p:1022-1024




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Derek Aldcroft 
Author-X-Name-First: Derek 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aldcroft 
Title: The origins of the twenty-first century: an essay on contemporary social and economic history 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1024-1025 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.500182 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.500182 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:6:p:1024-1025




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthias Beck 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthias 
Author-X-Name-Last: Beck 
Title: New financial elites, or financial dualism in historical perspective? An extended reply to Folkman, Froud, Johal and Williams 
Abstract:
  This paper challenges the recent suggestion that a new financial elite
 has evolved which is able to capture substantial profit shares for itself.
 Specifically, it questions the assumption that new groups of financial
 intermediaries have increased in significance primarily because there is
 evidence that various types of financial speculators have played a
 similarly extensive role at several junctures of economic development. The
 paper then develops the alternative hypothesis that, rather than being a
 recent development, the rise of these financial intermediaries is a
 cyclical phenomenon which is linked to specific regimes of capital
 accumulation. The hypothesis is underpinned by historical data from the US
 National Income and Product Accounts for the period from 1930 to 2000,
 which suggest that the activities of 'mainstream' financial intermediaries
 have been accompanied by the frequently countercyclical activities of a
 'speculative' sector of security and commodity brokers. Based on the
 combination of this qualitative and quantitative evidence, the paper
 concludes that the rise of a speculative financial sector is a potentially
 recurrent phenomenon which is linked to periods of economic restructuring
 and turmoil. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1027-1047 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: financial elites; financial intermediaries; dualism; economic segmentation; speculative sector; social structure of accumulation; regulation school; Marxist economic analysis, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.523459 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.523459 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:7:p:1027-1047




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Wood 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wood 
Author-Name: Mike Wright 
Author-X-Name-First: Mike 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wright 
Title: Wayward agents, dominant elite, or reflection of internal diversity? A critique of Folkman, Froud, Johal and Williams on financialisation and financial intermediaries 
Abstract:
  Based on their earlier work on managerial capitalism and the literature
 on financialisation, P. Folkman, J. Froud, S. Johal, and K. Williams
 (2007, 'Working for themselves: Financial intermediaries and present day
 capitalism', Business History, 49(4), 552-572) argue that the rise of
 capital market intermediaries has both eroded traditional managerial
 power, and constitutes a powerful interest grouping with a distinct agenda
 that has a vested interest in permanent corporate restructuring and
 redistribution away from traditional stakeholders in the firm and,
 ultimately, shareholders as well. This paper critically evaluates these
 assumptions and conclusions. It specifically critiques the underlying
 assumptions of the Folkman et al. paper, and explores its relevance to
 understanding the changing relationship between stakeholders, and, indeed,
 the 2008 financial crisis. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1048-1067 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: financialisation; private equity; intermediaries, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.523458 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.523458 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:7:p:1048-1067




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ralf Banken 
Author-X-Name-First: Ralf 
Author-X-Name-Last: Banken 
Author-Name: Ray Stokes 
Author-X-Name-First: Ray 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stokes 
Title: 'The trauma of competition': The entry of Air Products Inc. into the industrial gases business in Britain and continental Europe, 1947-70 
Abstract:
  The British Oxygen Company (BOC) had a virtual monopoly on the supply of
 industrial gases (e.g. oxygen and acetylene) on the British market through
 the 1950s, when it was finally challenged by an American-based company,
 Air Products. Air Products Limited (APL) was able to undercut BOC's
 position, overcoming high barriers to entry to gain significant market
 share in this sector, which shares some features of network industries.
 Factors in this success included conditions imposed by the Board of Trade,
 APL's innovations, BOC's slow response, and favourable market conditions.
 APL's success had implications for the internationalisation of the
 industrial gases industry. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1068-1085 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: industrial gases industry, British Oxygen Company, Air Products and Chemicals, monopoly, market entry, barriers to entry, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.523462 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.523462 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:7:p:1068-1085




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carolyn Downs 
Author-X-Name-First: Carolyn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Downs 
Title: Mecca and the birth of commercial bingo 1958-70: A case study 
Abstract:
  The game of bingo has become synonymous with women of a certain age and
 class and has been stigmatised as a dead-end use of leisure. However, the
 development of commercial bingo in the wake of the Betting and Gaming Act
 (1961) offered the leisure industry access to a new and lucrative market.
 While many major players in the leisure industry of the early 1960s
 adopted commercial bingo as an adjunct to their offerings the Mecca
 dancing group adopted a strategy that made bingo so particularly their own
 that the brand rapidly became known as the bingo and dancing group with
 Eric Morley of Mecca referred to in the popular press as 'Mr Bingo'. This
 paper provides a case study of the Mecca group as it moved into commercial
 gambling, rapidly increased its size and profitability, saw off
 competition in commercial gambling from larger companies and finally
 succumbed to a lucrative takeover in 1970. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1086-1106 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: Mecca, corporate strategy, branding, leisure industry, gambling, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.523460 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.523460 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:7:p:1086-1106




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Ivory 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ivory 
Author-Name: Audley Genus 
Author-X-Name-First: Audley 
Author-X-Name-Last: Genus 
Title: Symbolic consumption, signification and the 'lockout' of electric cars, 1885-1914 
Abstract:
  The paper analyses the sources of meanings attached to consumption of the
 early automobile to inform analysis of the lockout of electric automobiles
 in the UK, mindful of related developments in France, and the USA. Data
 are gathered from archive sources, and include social and technical
 histories and popular newspapers and magazines from the period
 investigated (1885-1914). The paper asserts that the association of the
 early car with specific and particular cultural meanings, as defined by
 class and gender, led to it becoming an untenable choice for early
 consumers contributing to the 'lockout' of the electric car before it had
 a chance to establish itself as a viable socio-technical system. The
 conclusion highlights the limitations of an analytical focus privileging
 technical accounts of lockout and identifies the contribution of the
 concepts of symbolic consumption and signification. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1107-1122 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: automobiles; cars; electric vehicles, lockout, signification, meaning, consumption, technology, social change, business history, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.523463 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.523463 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:52:y:2010:i:7:p:1107-1122




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Claudio Giachetti 
Author-X-Name-First: Claudio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Giachetti 
Author-Name: Gianluca Marchi 
Author-X-Name-First: Gianluca 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marchi 
Title: Evolution of firms' product strategy over the life cycle of technology-based industries: A case study of the global mobile phone industry, 1980-2009 
Abstract:
  This paper adopts industry life cycle approaches to understand better the
 changing rationales for product strategy development in the worldwide
 mobile phone industry. Based on both primary and secondary sources, we
 find that mobile phone manufacturers have radically changed their product
 strategy over the industry life cycle in response to various factors, such
 as the intense global competition and the need to respond rapidly to
 changes in technology and mass-consumer preferences. We also find that,
 when the mobile phone industry entered a stage of shake-out in the 2000s,
 contrary to the prediction of the classical product-process life cycle
 model, mobile phone manufacturers focused their strategy not only on
 process but also on product innovations. The continuous launch of new and
 advanced product technologies served mainly to stimulate the demand for
 replacement purchases. We observe this unexpected key role of product
 innovation to be very strong also in the stage of industry maturity. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1123-1150 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: mobile phone industry, product strategy, industry life cycle, product innovation, process innovation, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.523464 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.523464 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hiroshi Shimizu 
Author-X-Name-First: Hiroshi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shimizu 
Title: Different evolutionary paths: Technological development of laser diodes in the US and Japan, 1960-2000 
Abstract:
  Exploring the technological development of laser diodes from 1960 to
 2000, this study examines how US and Japanese firms diverged from the same
 technological target to take separate evolutionary paths over time and
 came to be competitive in the different areas. Scrutinising the level of
 vertical integration, entrepreneurial start-ups, scientists' mobility and
 research networks, it shows that R&D efforts were scattered over different
 technological domains, giving US firms the chance to obtain technological
 advantages in customised and small markets. R&D efforts were concentrated
 in the same targeted markets in Japan, giving Japanese companies the
 opportunity to capture the markets offering the highest sales volumes. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1151-1181 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
Keywords: technological development, laser diodes, research networks, scientists' mobility, vertical integration, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.523461 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.523461 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Terry Gourvish 
Author-X-Name-First: Terry 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gourvish 
Title: The Chiltern Railways story 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1182-1183 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.531088 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.531088 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: L'Ivresse de la fortune. A.-M. Aguado, un genie des affaires 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1183-1185 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.531089 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.531089 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Wright 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wright 
Title: When money was in fashion: Henry Goldman, Goldman Sachs, and the founding of Wall Street 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1185-1187 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.531091 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.531091 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Walton 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Walton 
Title: For business and pleasure. Red-light districts and the regulation of vice in the United States, 1890-1933 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1187-1188 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.531092 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.531092 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sheryllynne Haggerty 
Author-X-Name-First: Sheryllynne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Haggerty 
Title: Trade and trust in the eighteenth-century Atlantic world 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1188-1190 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.531093 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.531093 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Victor Bulmer-Thomas 
Author-X-Name-First: Victor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bulmer-Thomas 
Title: Has Latin America always been unequal? A comparative study of asset and income inequality in the long twentieth century 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1190-1191 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.531094 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.531094 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicholas White 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas 
Author-X-Name-Last: White 
Title: Japanese shipping and shipbuilding in the twentieth century: the writings of Peter N. Davies 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1192-1193 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.531095 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.531095 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen Morgan 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morgan 
Title: The international order of Asia in the 1930s and 1950s 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1193-1195 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.531096 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.531096 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Clampin 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clampin 
Title: Trademarks, brands, and competitiveness 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1195-1196 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 52 
Year: 2010 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.531097 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2010.531097 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrea Colli 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colli 
Author-Name: Martin Jes Iversen 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin Jes 
Author-X-Name-Last: Iversen 
Author-Name: Abe de Jong 
Author-X-Name-First: Abe 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Jong 
Title: Mapping strategy, structure, ownership and performance in European corporations: Introduction 
Abstract:
  This paper is the introduction to the Business History special issue on
 European Business Models. The volume presents results of the international
 project about mapping European corporations, within the strategy,
 structure, ownership and performance (SSOP) framework. The paper describes
 the historical developments of the SSOP framework and introduces the
 contributions to the special issue. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-13 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Keywords: strategy, structure, ownership and performance framework, Europe, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.546655 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.546655 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Veronica Binda 
Author-X-Name-First: Veronica 
Author-X-Name-Last: Binda 
Author-Name: Andrea Colli 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colli 
Title: Changing big business in Italy and Spain, 1973-2003: Strategic responses to a new context 
Abstract:
  Drawing on a new database, this article deals with the transformation of
 ownership, strategies and structures of the top 50 Italian and Spanish
 business groups and with the relationships between these three dimensions
 in the period extending from the mid-1970s to 2003. Despite the deep
 changes in the macro-economic framework during the period considered, the
 ownership and organisational structures of big business present relevant
 continuities in both countries. However, the database individuates a
 metamorphosis in the diversification and internationalisation patterns in
 both nations. Among the many relevant factors in the interpretation of
 this trend, the impact of the process of European integration and the high
 level of turbulence which characterised the largest companies during this
 period are not negligible. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 14-39 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Keywords: big business, Harvard Research Project, Italy, Spain, ownership, diversification strategy, internationalisation strategy, organisational structure, European integration, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.546658 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.546658 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mitchell Larson 
Author-X-Name-First: Mitchell 
Author-X-Name-Last: Larson 
Author-Name: Gerhard Schnyder 
Author-X-Name-First: Gerhard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schnyder 
Author-Name: Gerarda Westerhuis 
Author-X-Name-First: Gerarda 
Author-X-Name-Last: Westerhuis 
Author-Name: John Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Title: Strategic responses to global challenges: The case of European banking, 1973-2000 
Abstract:
  In applying a strategy, structure, ownership and performance (SSOP)
 framework to three major clearing banks (ABN AMRO, UBS, Barclays), this
 article debates whether the conclusions generated by Whittington and Mayer
 about European manufacturing industry can be applied to the financial
 services sector. While European integration plays a key role in
 determining strategy, it is clear that global factors were far more
 important in determining management actions, leading to significant
 differences in structural adaptation. The article also debates whether
 this has led to improved performance, given the problems experienced with
 both geographical dispersion and diversification, bringing into question
 the quality of decision-making over the long term. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 40-62 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Keywords: ABN AMRO, UBS, Barclays, banks, SSOP framework, strategy, structure, ownership trends, bank performance, European integration, financial liberalisation, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.546660 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.546660 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Abe de Jong 
Author-X-Name-First: Abe 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Jong 
Author-Name: Keetie Sluyterman 
Author-X-Name-First: Keetie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sluyterman 
Author-Name: Gerarda Westerhuis 
Author-X-Name-First: Gerarda 
Author-X-Name-Last: Westerhuis 
Title: Strategic and structural responses to international dynamics in the open Dutch economy, 1963-2003 
Abstract:
  This paper investigates the strategies, structures and performance of
 large Dutch firms in the period 1963-2003, and compares the results with
 those of other European companies. Did Dutch companies develop corporate
 strategies and structures comparable to other European companies in
 response to the Treaty of Rome 1957, which signalled the start of gradual
 European economic integration? In this period Dutch firms became larger
 and increasingly active outside their national borders. This article
 describes the strategies and structures of large firms in this period, in
 order to investigate how firms dealt with the changing environment and
 also how firms anticipated and benefited from these changes. In addition,
 it analyses the corporate performance effects of changes in the
 environment and strategies and structures. With a strong preference for
 related diversification, Dutch companies showed a strategy comparable with
 three large European countries. Initially, many Dutch companies opted for
 the multidivisional structure, but after the 1980s the functional holding
 gradually became the most important structure. The choice of structure,
 however, was not critical to performance, in contrast to the choice of
 strategy. The related diversified strategy turned out to be the best
 performing strategy. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 63-84 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Keywords: strategy, structure, performance, the Netherlands, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.546666 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.546666 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Higgins 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Higgins 
Author-Name: Steven Toms 
Author-X-Name-First: Steven 
Author-X-Name-Last: Toms 
Title: Explaining corporate success: The structure and performance of British firms, 1950-84 
Abstract:
  Predictions from dominant strands of the management strategy and business
 history literature suggest that the adoption of the multi-divisional form
 is associated with corporate success. There is theoretical support for
 this contention and, in certain non-British contexts and historical
 periods, also some confirmatory evidence. To examine the relationship in
 the British case, this article examines the strategy and structure
 characteristics of successful firms between 1950 and 1984. To do so it
 utilises an extensive accounting database to compute the return on capital
 employed for all quoted companies in the period. Using this measure, and
 applying it to a sub-sample of long-run surviving companies, it produces a
 ranking of firms according to profitability. A sample of best performing
 firms is matched to a paired sample of firms selected from the bottom of
 the financial performance ranking, and their organisation structures are
 contrasted. Examples are used to illustrate cases where strategies have
 been well supported by the structures adopted and have successful
 financial performance outcomes. A tendency for firms to adopt holding
 company structures in preference to the multi-divisional form is
 identified, particularly before 1970. Transitions from the functional to
 the holding company form tend to be successful in general and appear more
 successful than transitions to the multi-divisional form, again in the
 earlier decades in particular. These findings cast doubt on the universal
 applicability of the Chandler-Williamson model of the large,
 professionally managed, multi-divisional enterprise. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 85-118 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Keywords: strategy, structure, and performance, sustained competitive advantage, British business and organisational change, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.546668 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.546668 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Jes Iversen 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin Jes 
Author-X-Name-Last: Iversen 
Author-Name: Mats Larsson 
Author-X-Name-First: Mats 
Author-X-Name-Last: Larsson 
Title: Strategic transformations in Danish and Swedish big business in an era of globalisation, 1973-2008 
Abstract:
  This article concerns the corporate responses to the economic integration
 process from 1973 to 2008 in two small, open European countries, Denmark
 and Sweden. It focuses on strategic relations regarding the integration
 process and analyses the changing diversification patterns and
 internationalisation levels. The hypothesis from the economic integration
 literature indicates that we could expect a high degree of core business
 focus combined with a high degree of internationalisation concurrently
 with the economic integration process. The Danish case confirmed this
 prediction in a clear and substantial way, while the Swedish
 diversification pattern was marked by the continuous importance of
 diversification in the period from 1973 to 1993. This confirms the
 findings of Whittington and Mayer, who investigated the development of the
 largest British, French and German manufacturing enterprises. But the
 result also indicates that diversification perhaps proved to be less
 important after 1993 when the process of 'Europeanisation' dynamics was
 succeeded by the globalisation processes including the fast growing
 economies in South East Asia. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 119-143 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Keywords: Denmark, Sweden, small states economy, big business, ownership, diversification, economic integration, internationalisation, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.546670 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.546670 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Olaf Ehrhardt 
Author-X-Name-First: Olaf 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ehrhardt 
Author-Name: Eric Nowak 
Author-X-Name-First: Eric 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nowak 
Title: The evolution of German industrial legends: The case of Baden-Wurttemberg, 1940-2007 
Abstract:
  Combining agency-theoretical with organisational population ecology
 approaches, this article analyses which factors drive the survival
 probabilities of organisations of the same type - listed stock
 corporations - facing the same institutional environment over a long
 period of time. It presents results from a unique hand-collected data set
 starting with the 51 largest firms in Baden-Wurttemberg in 1940 and
 follows their evolution for five time points from 1949 until 2007. Through
 an econometric survival analysis it is found that (i) the presence of
 multiple blockholders; (ii) a healthy capital structure (capital gearing);
 and (iii) the number of subsidiaries all have a positive impact on the
 probability of survival of the companies in our sample. To complement the
 findings from the survival analysis three exemplified anecdotal case
 studies are presented as narratives which are supportive of the general
 findings. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 144-168 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Keywords: corporate governance, organisational ecology, survival analysis, SSOP methodology, evolutions of firms, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.546672 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.546672 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Whittington 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Whittington 
Title: More SSOP: Commentary on the special issue 
Abstract:
  In this commentary on the special issue remarks are provided on the
 importance of the strategy, structure, ownership and performance (SSOP)
 research programme as an exemplar of policy-relevant 'phenomenon-based'
 research, some key findings are summarised and implications for the three
 main bodies of theory at issue are discussed. Finally, suggestions are
 made about taking the research agenda forwards. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 169-173 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Keywords: strategy, structure, ownership and performance (SSOP) programme, Europe, national business systems, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.546674 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.546674 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:1:p:169-173




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Kobrak 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kobrak 
Author-Name: Mira Wilkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Mira 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilkins 
Title: The '2008 Crisis' in an economic history perspective: Looking at the twentieth century 
Abstract:
  This introduction sets the articles in this special issue into their
 historical context and explores some of the definitional problems
 associated with discussions of financial and economic crises. It
 highlights some of the unifying themes and wider lessons of the papers
 found in the issue and makes the case for greater historical understanding
 of crises while outlining the limits of historical analogy. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 175-192 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Keywords: financial history, financial and economic crises, bubbles and panics, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.555104 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.555104 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:2:p:175-192




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Billings 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Billings 
Author-Name: Forrest Capie 
Author-X-Name-First: Forrest 
Author-X-Name-Last: Capie 
Title: Financial crisis, contagion, and the British banking system between the world wars 
Abstract:
  In a globalised world, when financial crisis strikes, can countries which
 are well-integrated into the world financial system escape? Recent
 experience suggests not. In the early 1930s, Britain's openness at the
 centre of the world financial system left it vulnerable, particularly to
 the central European financial crisis. Yet there was no financial crisis
 in Britain in 1931, rather an exchange-rate crisis, and sterling left the
 exchange-rate regime of the gold exchange standard. The most important
 financial institutions, the joint-stock commercial banks, the central part
 of the payments system, remained robust and contributed to the stability
 of the British economy. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 193-215 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Keywords: globalisation, British banks, the 1930s, contagion, crisis, stability, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.555105 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.555105 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:2:p:193-215




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Kopper 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kopper 
Title: New perspectives on the 1931 banking crisis in Germany and Central Europe 
Abstract:
  Until today, most research on the Great Depression has focused on the
 failures of monetary and currency policies. A new look at the Great
 Depression challenges the dominant research opinion that the credit
 contraction was the main cause for the aggravated depression. The big
 German banks did not reduce the amount of credit and defaulted because of
 their high write-offs on big loans. The write-offs occurred as a
 consequence of the insufficient monitoring of debtors. The relation
 between the banks and their debtors was highly asymmetric and was
 characterised by the opportunistic behaviour of debtors. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 216-229 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Keywords: German banking, Great Depression, bank crashes, credit squeeze theory, financial history, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.555107 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.555107 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:2:p:216-229




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mikael Lonnborg 
Author-X-Name-First: Mikael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lonnborg 
Author-Name: Anders Ogren 
Author-X-Name-First: Anders 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ogren 
Author-Name: Michael Rafferty 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rafferty 
Title: Banks and Swedish financial crises in the 1920s and 1930s 
Abstract:
  Financial crises occur at regular and unpredictable moments in capitalist
 economies. However, an absence of shared theoretical approaches to and
 even definitions of the subject still plague the analysis of financial
 crises. This situation makes historical analysis even more important. This
 article compares two Swedish financial crises, one in the 1920s and the
 other in the 1930s. The comparison shows that despite their temporal and
 spatial proximity, the crises seemed to have had quite different
 underlying causes, links to international circumstances, severity, and
 government responses. The 1920s crisis in Sweden was for instance much
 deeper than the crisis in the 1930s, a marked contrast to the experience
 of most countries during these two periods. In focusing on the driving
 forces behind the crises, their development and governmental policies, the
 article also provides an opportunity to reflect on both financial crisis
 theories, on the current crisis and on recent historical research
 concerning crises. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 230-248 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Keywords: financial crises, Sweden, banks, lender of last resort, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.555108 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.555108 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:2:p:230-248




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Donald Brean 
Author-X-Name-First: Donald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brean 
Author-Name: Lawrence Kryzanowski 
Author-X-Name-First: Lawrence 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kryzanowski 
Author-Name: Gordon Roberts 
Author-X-Name-First: Gordon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Roberts 
Title: Canada and the United States: Different roots, different routes to financial sector regulation 
Abstract:
  This paper explores the lessons to be learned from why the neighbouring
 banking systems of Canada and the United States, that share numerous
 commonalities, fared so differently during two major financial crises. The
 explanations are deeply rooted in different tolerances for industry
 concentration and state involvement, and the divergent routes of the
 development of their financial systems, founding institutions, on-going
 governance and regulation, and competitive structures. Canada's success
 during the more recent 2007-09 financial crisis is attributed to more
 effective regulation and conservative banking practices, including (self-)
 imposed stricter limits on bank leverage, much stricter limits on
 unconventional mortgages, and less reliance on the use of more 'creative'
 investment types (e.g. subprime lending) and structured products. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 249-269 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Keywords: history of credit crises, banking systems, Canada, United States, legislative history, bank concentration, financial regulation, bank supervision, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.555109 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.555109 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:2:p:249-269




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlos Ramirez 
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ramirez 
Title: The effect of banking crises on deposit growth: State-level evidence from 1900 to 1930 
Abstract:
  Using a newly constructed database of bank failures for the period 1900
 to 1930, this paper estimates a dynamic regression model to examine the
 extent to which banking instability at the state level affects the
 proportion of state deposits relative to national deposits. The main
 results indicate that banking failures reduce the proportion of state
 deposits by approximately 0.04% in the short run and by nearly 1% in the
 long run. In the eight states that adopted deposit insurance systems
 during the 1910s, however, there is little evidence that banking crises
 affected deposit growth. In addition, there is no evidence that the
 banking crisis of the 1980s and 1990s had any significant effect on state
 deposit growth. These results suggest that deposit insurance may have
 lessened the effects of banking instability on deposit growth. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 270-287 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Keywords: banking crisis, deposit insurance, money under the mattress, dynamic GMM regression, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.555110 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.555110 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:2:p:270-287




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Diane van den Broek 
Author-X-Name-First: Diane 
Author-X-Name-Last: van den Broek 
Title: Strapping, as well as numerate: Occupational identity, masculinity and the aesthetics of nineteenth-century banking 
Abstract:
  In nineteenth-century Australia a 'career' in banking depended on one's
 technical ability, including a way with figures, good penmanship and
 attention to detail. However social and cultural factors were also
 considered equally important. To ensure the recruitment and promotion of
 trustworthy, dependable and committed staff, banks recruited and promoted
 through internal labour markets reinforced through significant monitoring
 and on-going assessments. A major component of these assessments related
 to social and cultural factors including embodied and aesthetic attributes
 of middle classness as well as robust notions of masculinity. This article
 analyses primary data from Australia's Bank of New South Wales at the
 close of the nineteenth century to highlight the inter-relationship
 between prevailing notions of masculinity, respectability, occupation and
 identity. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 289-301 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Keywords: career, masculinity, banking, aesthetics, bureaucracy, occupational identity, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.565509 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.565509 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:3:p:289-301




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Solar 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Solar 
Author-Name: John Lyons 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lyons 
Title: The English cotton spinning industry, 1780-1840, as revealed in the columns of the London Gazette 
Abstract:
  We investigate the early development of English cotton spinning by
 analysing about 700 bankruptcies and 1300 dissolutions of partnership
 reported in the London Gazette, 1770-1840. The data show three temporal
 cycles, peaking in the early to mid-1800s, in the later 1820s and again in
 the later 1830s, near the ends of investment booms. Both earlier peaks
 were absolutely higher than the later ones, despite industry expansion.
 Over time both bankruptcies and dissolutions show rising concentration of
 spinning in greater Lancashire, and within greater Lancashire in the
 surrounding towns rather than in Manchester. The industry was throughout
 dominated by single proprietors or firms with only two partners.
 Integration with weaving was increasing steadily. The paper demonstrates
 the potential of the Gazette, now searchable online, as a source for
 business and industrial history. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 302-323 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Keywords: English industry, cotton spinning, bankruptcy, partnership dissolution, industrial revolution, spatial distribution of firms, vertical integration, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.565510 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.565510 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:3:p:302-323




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Jupe 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jupe 
Title: 'A Poll Tax on wheels': Might the move to privatise rail in Britain have failed? 
Abstract:
  Rail privatisation was a controversial, widely unpopular policy whose
 implementation was not inevitable. This article employs counterfactual
 history methodology to examine whether the move to rail privatisation in
 Britain might have failed. It places the privatisation proposals in
 context by examining opposition within the Conservative Party and British
 Rail. The paper then focuses on three key counterfactual questions,
 including the significance of New Labour's reversal of its commitment to
 renationalise rail under its 'third way' policy and the possible
 consequences had the move to privatise rail failed. Based on the
 historical evidence available, it concludes that the move to rail
 privatisation could have failed, and that performance would have been
 better had rail remained an integrated, nationalised industry. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 324-343 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Keywords: rail privatisation, Railtrack, Network Rail, British Rail, New Labour, Third Way, counterfactual history, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.565511 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.565511 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:3:p:324-343




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elisabetta Merlo 
Author-X-Name-First: Elisabetta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Merlo 
Title: Italian fashion business: Achievements and challenges (1970s-2000s) 
Abstract:
  The article aims to provide a critical insight into the history of the
 Italian fashion business from the 1970s onwards by exploring a mix of
 sources including information provided by the industrial partners of
 fashion designers, articles published in the economic and financial press,
 and evidence collected from the main financial and economic databases. The
 analysis shows that although Italian ready-to-wear was extremely effective
 at meeting the new trends emerging in consumption patterns, Italian
 fashion companies have remained niche businesses compared to their French
 counterparts. The conclusions stress the contribution which business
 history can provide in explaining such a gap as well as the strategies
 pursued by fashion corporations. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 344-362 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Keywords: Italy, Giorgio Armani, Christian Dior, fashion, competition, international markets, corporate strategy, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.565512 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.565512 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:3:p:344-362




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicholas Kyriazis 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kyriazis 
Author-Name: Theodore Metaxas 
Author-X-Name-First: Theodore 
Author-X-Name-Last: Metaxas 
Title: Path dependence, change and the emergence of the first joint-stock companies 
Abstract:
  This paper presents a model of path dependence and change and focuses on
 the gaining of new institutional knowledge. The main thesis is that in
 'extraordinary' historical situations the possibility of change increases
 as a result of external pressure and successful adaptation to it. The
 model is tested applying it to the case study of seventeenth-century
 United Provinces (Dutch Republic). Such a situation existed in the
 sixteenth-seventeenth-century United Provinces, due to their uprising
 against Spanish rule. Because there existed no strong central authority,
 the decision-makers had to develop new institutions in order to
 successfully capture the lucrative spice trade from their enemies. The
 solution was the joint-stock company, which, through the phases of a
 continuous decision-making procedure, developed into the 'permanent' Dutch
 East India Company (VOC) in parallel also to the development of the
 Amsterdam Stock Exchange. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 363-374 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Keywords: path dependence and change, institutions, joint-stock companies, sixteenth-seventeenth century, United Provinces (Dutch Republic), VOC, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.565513 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.565513 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:3:p:363-374




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: V. Necla Geyikdagi 
Author-X-Name-First: V. Necla 
Author-X-Name-Last: Geyikdagi 
Author-Name: M. Yasar Geyikdagi 
Author-X-Name-First: M. Yasar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Geyikdagi 
Title: Foreign direct investment in the Ottoman Empire: Attitudes and political risk 
Abstract:
  This study examines political risk for foreign direct investment in the
 Ottoman Empire during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
 Such a study has not previously been carried out. Despite many
 vicissitudes, such as wars and rebellions, the investment climate was more
 welcoming as compared to neighbouring lands such as Russia and the Balkan
 countries. While the Ottomans had a corrupt bureaucracy, as in Russia and
 the Balkans, they were free of xenophobia. Even those Ottoman
 intellectuals who were against complete freedom in international trade
 acknowledged the necessity of attracting foreign capital to the country,
 and suggested policy recommendations. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 375-400 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Keywords: Ottoman Empire, foreign direct investment, political risk, host country attitude, European Powers, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.565514 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.565514 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:3:p:375-400




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Kobrak 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kobrak 
Author-Name: Andrea Schneider 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schneider 
Title: Varieties of business history: Subject and methods for the twenty-first century 
Abstract:
  This paper deals with different approaches to business history. It argues
 that conflicting choices about methodology and subject can enrich a
 discipline, but that some of the current disputes among business
 historians produce unnecessary opportunity costs and block a more
 integrated understanding of how firms function in their larger social,
 political and economic contexts. The paper provides examples of how the
 separation in the field works against writing business history that is at
 once rigorous and appeals to broad audiences. It also suggests two
 approaches for bridging methodological differences. The first calls for
 reviving some basic historiographical notions. The second involves
 developing a closer relationship with business to gain more access to
 private, primary source materials. German experiences are drawn on to show
 how mutually beneficial academic-business cooperation can be. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 401-424 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Keywords: business history, methodology, theory in the social sciences, historiography, business-academic cooperation, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.565515 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.565515 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:3:p:401-424




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Charles Harvey 
Author-X-Name-First: Charles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harvey 
Author-Name: Mairi Maclean 
Author-X-Name-First: Mairi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maclean 
Author-Name: Jillian Gordon 
Author-X-Name-First: Jillian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gordon 
Author-Name: Eleanor Shaw 
Author-X-Name-First: Eleanor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shaw 
Title: Andrew Carnegie and the foundations of contemporary entrepreneurial philanthropy 
Abstract:
  This paper focuses upon the relationship between the business and
 philanthropic endeavours of world-making entrepreneurs; asking why, how
 and to what ends these individuals seek to extend their reach in society
 beyond business. It presents an original model of entrepreneurial
 philanthropy which demonstrates how investment in philanthropic projects
 can yield positive returns in cultural, social and symbolic capital, which
 in turn may lead to growth in economic capital. The model is applied to
 interpret and make sense of the career of Andrew Carnegie, whose story,
 far from reducing to one of making a fortune then giving it away, is
 revealed as more complex and more unified. His philanthropy raised his
 stock within the field of power, helping convert surplus funds into social
 networks, high social standing and intellectual currency, enabling him to
 engage in world making on a grand scale. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 425-450 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Keywords: capital theory, Carnegie, entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial philanthropy, social networks, field of power, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.565516 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.565516 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:3:p:425-450




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Higgins 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Higgins 
Title: The rise and fall of great companies: Courtaulds and the reshaping of the man-made fibres industry 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 451-452 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.563546 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.563546 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:3:p:451-452




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alistair Mutch 
Author-X-Name-First: Alistair 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mutch 
Title: Lyndall Urwick, management pioneer: a biography 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 452-453 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.563547 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.563547 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:3:p:452-453




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tony Webster 
Author-X-Name-First: Tony 
Author-X-Name-Last: Webster 
Title: The East India Company's London workers: management of the warehouse labourers, 1800-1858 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 454-455 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.563548 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.563548 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:3:p:454-455




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alessandro Stanziani 
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stanziani 
Title: Les entreprises et l'outre-mer Francais pendant la seconde guerre mondiale 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 455-456 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.563551 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.563551 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:3:p:455-456




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laure Quennouelle-Corre 
Author-X-Name-First: Laure 
Author-X-Name-Last: Quennouelle-Corre 
Title: La croissance en economie ouverte, XVIIe-XXIe siecle. Hommages a Jean-Charles Asselain 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 457-458 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.563552 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.563552 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:3:p:457-458




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dominique Veillon 
Author-X-Name-First: Dominique 
Author-X-Name-Last: Veillon 
Title: Cultures et medias sous l'Occupation, des entreprises dans la France de Vichy 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 458-460 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.563553 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.563553 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:3:p:458-460




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rahma Chekkar 
Author-X-Name-First: Rahma 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chekkar 
Title: Les comptes de groupe en France (1929-1985) - origines, enjeux et pratiques de la consolidation des comptes 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 460-461 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.563555 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.563555 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:3:p:460-461




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luciano Ciravegna 
Author-X-Name-First: Luciano 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ciravegna 
Title: Forms of enterprise in 20th century Italy. Boundaries, structures and strategies 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 462-463 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.563556 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.563556 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:3:p:462-463




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: Nationalisme economique et industrialisation. L'experience des pays de l'Est (1789-1939) 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 463-465 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.563558 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.563558 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:3:p:463-465




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jesus Valdaliso 
Author-X-Name-First: Jesus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Valdaliso 
Title: El Puerto del Acero: historia de la Siderurgia de Sagunto (1900-1984) 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 465-467 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.563560 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.563560 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:3:p:465-467




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Josh Lauer 
Author-X-Name-First: Josh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lauer 
Title: In hock: pawning in America from independence through the Great Depression 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 469-470 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.563562 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.563562 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:3:p:469-470




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bianca Murillo 
Author-X-Name-First: Bianca 
Author-X-Name-Last: Murillo 
Title: Chocolate, women and empire: a social and cultural history 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 470-472 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.563563 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.563563 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:3:p:470-472




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gerben Bakker 
Author-X-Name-First: Gerben 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bakker 
Title: From Betamax to Blockbuster: video stores and the invention of movies on video 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 472-474 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.563564 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.563564 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:3:p:472-474




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Kobrak 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kobrak 
Title: Sustainable prosperity in the new economy? Business organization and high-tech employment in the United States 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 474-476 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.563565 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.563565 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:3:p:474-476




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Derek Aldcroft 
Author-X-Name-First: Derek 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aldcroft 
Title: The gold standard at the turn of the century: rising powers, global money, and the age of empire 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 476-477 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.563566 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.563566 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Scranton 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scranton 
Title: Mastering failure: Technological and organisational challenges in British and American military jet propulsion, 1943-57 
Abstract:
  This essay undertakes a comparative review of radical innovation in the
 early Cold War, when UK jet propulsion development far outpaced any US
 efforts. British ingenuity created a series of jet engines which Americans
 adopted. One among these, which captures contrasting organisational
 formats for handling complexity and innovation, was the Armstrong Siddeley
 Sapphire, a tough, reliable propulsion system. The USAF's licence assigned
 production to Curtiss-Wright, which had made piston engines for decades
 and which spectacularly botched the project, wasting millions. Eventually,
 the Pentagon shifted the J-65 American Sapphire to GM's Buick division,
 which finally fabricated adequate but obsolete engines in the mid-1950s. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 479-504 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Keywords: innovation, technology transfer, military, contracting, Cold War, jet engines, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.578130 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.578130 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Graeme Acheson 
Author-X-Name-First: Graeme 
Author-X-Name-Last: Acheson 
Author-Name: Charles Hickson 
Author-X-Name-First: Charles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hickson 
Author-Name: John Turner 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Turner 
Title: Organisational flexibility and governance in a civil-law regime: Scottish partnership banks during the Industrial Revolution 
Abstract:
  Unlike their English counterparts, Scottish partnership banks during the
 Industrial Revolution operated under partnership law which was similar to
 the French societe en commandite. The article suggests that the definitive
 feature of this partnership law was that it permitted partnerships to
 separate ownership from control and stock to be traded. Archival evidence
 also suggests that Scottish partnership banks had mechanisms to ameliorate
 potential insider opportunism arising from the separation of ownership
 from control. The available evidence also suggests that the ability of
 Scottish banks to separate ownership from control may have contributed to
 the relative stability of the banking system. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 505-529 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Keywords: Scotland, banks, partnerships, common law, civil law, banking stability, legal personality, unlimited liability, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.574690 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.574690 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicholas Alexander 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alexander 
Title: British overseas retailing, 1900-60: International firm characteristics, market selections and entry modes 
Abstract:
  The early activities of British international retailers remain relatively
 unexplored and little understood. This paper considers the role of British
 companies operating through retail outlets in overseas markets. It
 identifies the characteristics of those companies, their retail
 activities, the markets selected and the entry methods used. This paper
 seeks to begin the process of addressing a considerable gap in the history
 literature. The findings presented in the paper are placed within a
 history and management understanding of the retail internationalisation
 process. The theoretical implications of these findings are explored. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 530-556 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Keywords: international, retail, marketing, characteristics, market selection, entry mode, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.574691 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.574691 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rene Taudal Poulsen 
Author-X-Name-First: Rene Taudal 
Author-X-Name-Last: Poulsen 
Author-Name: Henrik Sornn-Friese 
Author-X-Name-First: Henrik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sornn-Friese 
Title: Downfall delayed: Danish shipbuilding and industrial dislocation 
Abstract:
  This article analyses the decline of the Danish shipbuilding industry.
 European shipyards dominated global shipbuilding markets in the first half
 of the twentieth century, but began to be challenged by the Japanese from
 the 1950s and by the South Koreans from the late 1970s. More recently,
 China has taken over large slices of the global shipbuilding market and
 currently is the world's largest shipbuilding nation. As a result of this
 new competition, European shipyards closed en masse and Europe experienced
 a process of maritime deindustrialisation in the 1970s and 1980s. Danish
 shipyards were not immune to these challenges, although maritime
 deindustrialisation in this country was almost two decades later than in
 many other European countries. This article examines how Denmark was able
 to escape this general maritime deindustrialisation for so long and offers
 three explanations: institutional, entrepreneurial and political. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 557-582 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Keywords: globalisation, industrial dislocation and decline, shipbuilding, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.574692 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.574692 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Benedita Almada Camara 
Author-X-Name-First: Maria Benedita Almada 
Author-X-Name-Last: Camara 
Title: Madeira embroidery: A failed collective brand (1935-59) 
Abstract:
  The regional cluster of the Madeira embroidery sector in the political
 context of 1935 to 1959 provides the basis for an analysis of a common
 strategy aimed at strengthening the business competitiveness of the
 industry. The strategy was a government initiative aimed at improving the
 material welfare of workers and based on the creation of a collective
 brand. The aim of this paper is to show that the mixed corporatist
 organisation that managed the initiative was an example of hybrid
 governance and that the strategy failed because the regulations introduced
 were not successful in transforming a weak cluster into a strong one. As a
 result, competition was kept within a circle of low-wage production
 centres that left Madeira at a disadvantage. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 583-599 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Keywords: brand, protected denomination of origin (PDO), cluster, hybrid, competitiveness, regulation, corporatism, trust, embeddedness, coordination; free-riding, certification system, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.574693 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.574693 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tom McGovern 
Author-X-Name-First: Tom 
Author-X-Name-Last: McGovern 
Title: The decline of the British tyre industry: An evaluation of the policies of the Tyre Industry Sector Working Party 
Abstract:
  The Labour Government of 1974-79 formulated the Industrial Strategy to
 transform Britain's industrial performance. Sector working parties were
 established to assist companies to become more efficient. The paper
 examines the policy response of the Tyre Industry Sector Working Party
 (SWP) to overcapacity and declining competitiveness in the British tyre
 industry. Policy solutions focused on implementing 'efficiency dialogues'
 to increase output and efficiency underpinned by job security. Discussions
 on strategic issues were constrained by the oligopolistic structure of the
 industry. This restricted the work of the SWP to communication and
 employee involvement. It confirms the difficulty of reforming the existing
 institutional arrangements to legitimise company-level interventions. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 600-616 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Keywords: industrial strategy, sector working party, tyre industry, industry decline, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.578128 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.578128 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. J. Arnold 
Author-X-Name-First: A. J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Arnold 
Title: 'Out of light a little profit'? Returns to capital at Bryant and May, 1884-1927 
Abstract:
  The historical literature on Bryant and May, market leaders for many
 years in the English match trade, is rich and interesting although it
 contains little on the connections between labour and technology-related
 managerial practices and the economic returns that they engendered. This
 is surprising given the importance of profit considerations to business
 behaviour in general and to Bryant and May's functioning in particular.
 This paper accordingly examines the connections between the firm's
 approach to technological innovation and labour relations and the
 financial returns it was able to generate and distribute to its owners
 across the period 1884 to 1927. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 617-640 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Keywords: rate of return, profitability, Bryant and May, match trade, 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.578129 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.578129 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:4:p:617-640




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dwayne Winseck 
Author-X-Name-First: Dwayne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Winseck 
Title: Network nation: inventing American telecommunications 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 641-647 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.593800 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.593800 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:4:p:641-647




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christina Lubinski 
Author-X-Name-First: Christina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lubinski 
Title: Framus - built in the heart of Bavaria: the history of a German musical instrument manufacturer 1946-1977 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 648-649 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.593801 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.593801 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:4:p:648-649




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Edwin Perkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Edwin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Perkins 
Title: Founding choices: American economic policy in the 1790s 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 649-651 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.593803 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.593803 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lee Quinn 
Author-X-Name-First: Lee 
Author-X-Name-Last: Quinn 
Title: Ernest Dichter and motivation research: new perspectives on the making of post-war consumer culture 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 651-653 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.593804 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.593804 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Samir Saul 
Author-X-Name-First: Samir 
Author-X-Name-Last: Saul 
Title: History of the Suez Canal Company, 1858-2008. Between controversy and utility 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 653-655 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.593805 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.593805 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chih-Lung Lin 
Author-X-Name-First: Chih-Lung 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lin 
Title: The electricity industry in modern Taiwan: colonial industrialisation and capital market 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 655-656 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.593806 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.593806 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: William Ashworth 
Author-X-Name-First: William 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ashworth 
Title: Bourgeois dignity: why economics can't explain the modern world 
Abstract:
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 656-658 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.593807 
File-URL: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00076791.2011.593807 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Judith Clifton 
Author-X-Name-First: Judith 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clifton 
Author-Name: Pierre Lanthier 
Author-X-Name-First: Pierre 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lanthier 
Author-Name: Harm Schr&#xF6;ter 
Author-X-Name-First: Harm 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schr&#xF6;ter 
Title: Regulating and deregulating the public utilities 1830--2010 
Abstract:
  <title/> History can provide invaluable insights into important issues of
 the economic and social regulation of utilities, and offer lessons towards
 future debates. But the history of utility regulation -- which speaks of
 changing, diverse and complex experiences around the world -- was,
 unfortunately, sidelined or marginalised when economists and policymakers
 enthusiastically embraced the question of how to reform the utilities from
 the 1970s. This paper provides an overview of the three, overarching,
 `waves' of utility regulation from the nineteenth century to the present,
 documenting how, when and why the ways in which the roles of the state,
 the market and firms altered over time. It then contextualises and
 explains the main contributions of each of the papers included in this
 special issue of <italic>Business History</italic>, which cover energy,
 communications, water, transportation and other urban infrastructure
 regulation, across Western Europe, the United States and Australia. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 659-672 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.599592 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.599592 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:5:p:659-672




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Millward 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Millward 
Title: Geo-politics versus market structure interventions in Europe's infrastructure industries c. 1830--1939 
Abstract:
  Throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the natural monopoly
 features of infrastructure industries, together with their strategic
 roles, have been important elements in state intervention. The aim of this
 paper is to evaluate what relative weight was attached to market failure
 problems on the one hand and geo-political factors on the other. For the
 period 1830--1939, how far were geo-political factors stronger than
 natural monopoly problems in accounting for the scale of intervention in
 the various countries of the Western World? How far did the policy
 instruments for security and market failure overlap? Whilst most of the
 infrastructure sectors are covered -- including internal
 telecommunications, coal, gas, shipping, electricity and water -- special
 attention is devoted to international submarine telegraph tables and
 railways. The paper concludes by demonstrating strong differences between
 Britain and USA on the one hand and Continental Europe plus Japan on the
 other. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 673-687 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.599595 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.599595 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:5:p:673-687




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Germ&#xE0; Bel 
Author-X-Name-First: Germ&#xE0; 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bel 
Title: Infrastructure and nation building: The regulation and financing of network transportation infrastructures in Spain (1720--2010) 
Abstract:
  This paper analyses Spanish infrastructure policy since the early 1700s:
 road building in the eighteenth century, railway creation and expansion in
 the nineteenth, motorway expansion in the twentieth, and high speed rail
 development in the twenty-first. The analysis reveals a long-term pattern,
 in which infrastructure policy in Spain has been driven not by the
 requirements of commerce and economic activity, but rather by the desire
 to centralise transportation around the country's political capital. As
 commerce has been unable to sustain the development of this policy,
 regulation and subsidies from the national budget have regularly been used
 to decide the priorities regarding infrastructure creation and to fund the
 development, maintenance, and operation of the networks. When high roads,
 bridges, canals, etc. are in this manner made and supported by the
 commerce which is carried on by means of them, they can be made only where
 that commerce requires them, and consequently where it is proper to make
 them. Their expense too, their grandeur and magnificence, must be suited
 to what that commerce can afford to pay. They must be made consequently as
 it is proper to make them. A magnificent high road cannot be made through
 a desert country where there is little or no commerce, or merely because
 it happens to lead to the country villa of the intendant of the province,
 or to that of some great lord to whom the intendant finds it convenient to
 make his court. Adam Smith, <italic>The wealth of nations</italic> (1776,
 vol. III.V.I, pp. 95--96) 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 688-705 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.599591 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.599591 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:5:p:688-705




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jock Given 
Author-X-Name-First: Jock 
Author-X-Name-Last: Given 
Title: States and start-ups: Public competitors in Australian communications 
Abstract:
  This article explores three state-owned or supported communications
 enterprises: the Pacific Cable, opened in 1902; Amalgamated Wireless
 Australasia (AWA), which launched international wireless telegraphy
 services in 1927; and AUSSAT, a domestic satellite system established in
 1985. All were partnerships formed to build and operate new communications
 infrastructure in competition with an incumbent. Of each, the article
 asks: what problem needed to be solved? What institutional solution and
 technologies were chosen and why? How did incumbents respond? How did the
 enterprise perform and why did it end? It finds very mixed performance,
 both as investments of public money and as solutions to the problems they
 were set up to solve. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 706-722 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.599594 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.599594 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:5:p:706-722




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: William J. Hausman 
Author-X-Name-First: William J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hausman 
Author-Name: John L. Neufeld 
Author-X-Name-First: John L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Neufeld 
Title: How politics, economics, and institutions shaped electric utility regulation in the United States: 1879--2009 
Abstract:
  The history of electric utility regulation at both the state and national
 level from the beginning of the industry through the aftermath of the
 California energy crisis of 2000--01 is presented. That history was partly
 determined by the economics of the industry -- on the supply side by its
 cost structure, network characteristics, and lack of storability -- on the
 demand side by its price inelasticity for all but the largest consumers,
 and partly by politics. These factors influenced the institutions that
 were created to regulate the industry, a process also complicated greatly
 by US federalism. The intensity of regulation waxed and waned in response
 to real or perceived problems in the industry. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 723-746 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.599589 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.599589 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:5:p:723-746




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Chick 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chick 
Title: The 3 Rs: Regulation, risk and responsibility in British utilities since 1945 
Abstract:
  Before privatisation, required rates of return and test discount rates
 were being applied to utility and other nationalised industries. One
 effect of this new approach was to promote more marginal-cost based
 tariffs which could fall particularly heavily on low-income groups. This
 trend was reinforced by privatisation which, when accompanied by market
 liberalisation, increased uncertainty about the likely returns on capital
 investment projects. Both of these issues, the treatment of poverty and
 coping with uncertainty, were of long-standing concern to the Austrian
 school of economics. Where Austrian economists differed from liberalising
 governments was in their locating of responsibility. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 747-760 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.599593 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.599593 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:5:p:747-760




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Judith Clifton 
Author-X-Name-First: Judith 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clifton 
Author-Name: Francisco Com�n 
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Com�n 
Author-Name: Daniel D�az-Fuentes 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel 
Author-X-Name-Last: D�az-Fuentes 
Title: From national monopoly to multinational corporation: How regulation shaped the road towards telecommunications internationalisation 
Abstract:
  One of the consequences of major regulatory reform of the
 telecommunications sector from the end of the 1970s -- particularly,
 privatisation, liberalisation and deregulation -- was the establishment of
 a new business environment which permitted former national
 telecommunications monopolies to expand abroad. From the 1990s, a number
 of these firms, particularly those based in Europe, joined the rankings of
 the world's leading multinational corporations. Their internationalisation
 was uneven, however: while some firms internationalised strongly, others
 ventured abroad much slower. This article explores how the regulatory
 framework within which telecommunications incumbents evolved over the
 long-term shaped their subsequent, uneven, paths to internationalisation.
 Two case studies representing &#x2018;maximum variation&#x2019; are
 selected: Telef&#xF3;nica, whose early and unrelenting expansion
 transformed it into one of the world's most international of multinational
 corporations, and BT, whose overseas ventures failed and, with eroding
 domestic market share, forced the firm to partially retreat, becoming the
 least international of the large European incumbents. Long-term ownership,
 access to capital, management style and exposure to liberalisation
 strongly influenced firms' approaches to internationalisation. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 761-781 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.599588 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.599588 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:5:p:761-781




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dominique Barjot 
Author-X-Name-First: Dominique 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barjot 
Title: Public utilities and private initiative: The French concession model in historical perspective 
Abstract:
  In France, the Public-Private Partnership allowed the conciliation of the
 social function of public services and public works and the limitation of
 their cost for each citizen. They were in three sectors: transport, energy
 and water, during the nineteenth century and the first part of the
 twentieth century. After the Second World War, in spite of
 nationalisations, the concession system continued to operate in water
 treatment and distribution, but also in transport and energy. Moreover,
 the necessity to modernise French infrastructures favoured a revival of
 the concession system combined with Anglo-Saxon practices. The French
 model of the concession constituted a major asset for French capitalism,
 with big multinational firms such as GDF-Suez, Veolia Environnement, Vinci
 and Bouygues. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 782-800 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.599590 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.599590 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:5:p:782-800




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Title: Still a niche communications medium: The diffusion and uses of the telephone system in interwar Britain 
Abstract:
  This article examines the socio-economic diffusion of the telephone in
 interwar Britain and its dominant uses. Even in the late 1930s the top 5%
 of the income distribution still constituted the majority of residential
 subscribers. Meanwhile, in contrast to the United States and Canada,
 British telephone use remained largely restricted to brief, informational,
 and relatively urgent calls. This can be partially explained in terms of
 Britain's high telephone charges. However, cultural factors also appear
 significant, particularly the impact of previous slow diffusion and high
 charges in inhibiting &#x2018;social learning&#x2019; regarding using the
 phone for in-depth conversations. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 801-820 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.578131 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.578131 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:6:p:801-820




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Manuel Llorca-Ja&#xF1;a 
Author-X-Name-First: Manuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Llorca-Ja&#xF1;a 
Title: The organisation of British textile exports to the River Plate and Chile: Merchant houses in operation, c. 1810--59 
Abstract:
  During c. 1810--59 over 260 British merchant houses operated in the River
 Plate or Chile, and many more in the rest of Latin America. These were
 times when Anglo-Latin American economic relations remained largely
 commercial, since the region was an important commercial partner of
 Britain. British investment was unimportant during this period in the
 region. The main economic activity of these mercantile houses was the
 import of textiles in exchange for bullion, specie, bills of exchange and
 local produce. Yet the textile trade has received little attention,
 despite the importance of the region as a market for British
 manufacturers. This paper describes in detail the relations between
 textile manufacturers and/or merchants in Britain and merchants on the
 spot, in particular for the marketing oftextiles, the backbone of the
 business of British merchants operating in Latin America. This paper
 focuses on the particular case of the Southern Cone during c. 1810--59. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 821-865 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.582574 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.582574 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:6:p:821-865




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janette Rutterford 
Author-X-Name-First: Janette 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rutterford 
Title: &#x2018;Propositions put forward by quite honest men&#x2019;: Company prospectuses and their contents, 1856 to 1940 
Abstract:
  This paper explores the history of the new issue prospectus on the London
 Stock Exchange from the advent of limited liability to World War II. The
 varying types of securities being offered to an increasingly large public
 influenced the nature of the information provided, and the increasing
 maturity of the new issue market allowed comparisons to be made with other
 companies and valuation &#x2018;norms&#x2019; to be established. The paper
 concludes that the signalling role of the new issue prospectus was key in
 the lightly regulated markets of the time and that information disclosure
 improved well in advance of regulatory requirements. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 866-899 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.590932 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.590932 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:6:p:866-899




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John K. Walton 
Author-X-Name-First: John K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Walton 
Title: Seaside tourism in Europe: Business, urban and comparative history 
Abstract:
  This article explores aspects of the relationship between business
 history and urban history through a discussion of the seaside resort as a
 type of town that might also be regarded as a business (as might other
 kinds of town specialising in leisure and tourism). In the process it
 looks comparatively at aspects of the development of such towns across
 Europe, at the range of ways in which an understanding of seaside tourism
 contributes to a more satisfactory grasp of how businesses and societies
 function, and at the reasons for the enduringly marginal status of
 research in this sector and its limited integration into the perceived
 &#x2018;mainstream' of all kinds of history, including business history. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 900-916 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.590936 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.590936 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:6:p:900-916




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marianne Pitts 
Author-X-Name-First: Marianne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pitts 
Author-Name: Trevor Boyns 
Author-X-Name-First: Trevor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boyns 
Title: Accounting and economic returns in British coal mining: The Carlton Main colliery, 1872--1909 
Abstract:
  Various estimates, both <italic>ex ante</italic> and <italic>ex
 post</italic>, have been produced of the accounting rate of return on
 investments in the late nineteenth-century coal industry, with some
 <italic>ex post</italic> figures also being calculated for individual
 firms engaged therein, such as the Consett Iron Co. Ltd. No one, however,
 has previously tried to calculate the economic rate of return from
 investing in a single coal mine over the duration of its life. In this
 article we examine both accounting and economic rates of return for the
 Carlton Main colliery, from its sinking during the 1870s through to its
 closure in 1909. Our results enable us to judge the accuracy of previous
 estimates of returns for the late nineteenth-century coal industry, and of
 contemporary estimates of the potential rate of return in coal mining. We
 also offer insights into the efficacy of using accounting rates of return
 as an indicator of the economic rate of return during that period. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 917-938 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.582578 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.582578 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:6:p:917-938




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jongchul Kim 
Author-X-Name-First: Jongchul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kim 
Title: How modern banking originated: The London goldsmith-bankers' institutionalisation of trust 
Abstract:
  London goldsmith-bankers' development of paper credit-money in the
 seventeenth century ushered in the era of modern banking. This essay
 argues that this innovation of paper credit-money by goldsmith-bankers was
 the institutionalisation of the double-ownership scheme known as trust.
 This trust scheme was at the centre of the custom or morality that
 underlay the political struggle between the Crown, landowners, and the
 bourgeoisie in early modern England, the struggle from which
 goldsmith-banking and, later, joint-stock banking developed. This double
 ownership remains a central feature of the present banking system. Also
 during the financial boom of the late twentieth century, which ended in
 the present world financial crisis, the trust scheme was used extensively
 by many financial firms, such as mutual funds, pension funds, and
 asset-securitisation trusts. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 939-959 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.578132 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.578132 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:6:p:939-959




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David W. Gutzke 
Author-X-Name-First: David W. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gutzke 
Title: Sydney Nevile: Squire in the slums or progressive brewer? 
Abstract:
  Alistair Mutch argues that Sydney O. Nevile co-operated with social
 workers in Somers Town owing to his own position as the son of a member of
 the gentry. Whitbread's subsequent pub improvement programme, Mutch
 contends, reflected the firm's work in this London slum. This article
 challenges Mutch's thesis, and points to Nevile's social status as an
 outsider, who survived truly by his own wits, arduous effort, sense of
 social inferiority and as a result of sheer luck. Involvement with Somers
 Town pubs came late in Whitbread's pub improvements and had impact neither
 on the company nor on how Nevile subsequently approached reforming pubs. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 960-969 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.578133 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.578133 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:6:p:960-969




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alistair Mutch 
Author-X-Name-First: Alistair 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mutch 
Title: Sydney Nevile: Squire in the slums or progressive brewer? A response to David Gutzke 
Abstract:
  This response to the critique of my article by David Gutzke focuses on
 the definition and impact of the word &#x2018;progressive&#x2019;. It is
 agreed that Sydney Nevile was a progressive brewer in relation to the
 industry of his time, but his connections with the broader movement of
 Progressivism are called into question. The links Gutzke suggests can have
 other explanations, which are briefly outlined. Some misunderstandings
 about the social status of Nevile are also corrected. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 970-975 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.578713 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.578713 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:6:p:970-975




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael H. Best 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Best 
Title: Internet Alley: high technology in Tysons Corner, 1945--2005 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 976-980 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.608489 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.608489 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:6:p:976-980




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aaron Graham 
Author-X-Name-First: Aaron 
Author-X-Name-Last: Graham 
Title: The British Navy's Victualling Board, 1793--1815: management competence and incompetence<break/> Sustaining the fleet, 1793--1815: war, the British Navy and the contractor state<break/> The foundations of British maritime ascendancy: resources, logistics and the state, 1755--1815 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 981-984 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.608501 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.608501 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:6:p:981-984




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: Patron de Renault. Pierre Lefaucheux (1944--1955) 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 984-986 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2010.531090 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2010.531090 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:6:p:984-986




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Wild 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wild 
Title: London clerical workers, 1880--1914 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 986-987 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.608503 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.608503 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:6:p:986-987




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kent G. Deng 
Author-X-Name-First: Kent G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Deng 
Title: Reconceptualizing the Industrial Revolution 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 987-989 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.608495 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.608495 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:6:p:987-989




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christof Dejung 
Author-X-Name-First: Christof 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dejung 
Title: Entreprises en mouvement: Migrants, pratiques entrepreneuriales et diversit�s culturelles dans le monde (XVe--XXe si&#xE8;cle) 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 989-991 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.608500 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.608500 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:6:p:989-991




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tobias A. Jopp 
Author-X-Name-First: Tobias A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jopp 
Title: Old times, better times? German miners' <italic>Knappschaften</italic>, pay-as-you-go pensions, and implicit rates of return, 1854--1913 
Abstract:
  This paper contributes to the literature on the weakness of modern
 pay-as-you-go social security systems in financing pensions by taking a
 business and economic historical perspective on the issue. It focuses on
 Prussian <italic>Knappschaften</italic> (plural
 of<italic>Knappschaft</italic>), which provided miners with compulsory
 invalidity and implicit old-age insurance, and studies the period from
 1854 to 1913. <italic>Knappschaften</italic> used the pay-as-you-go
 mechanism, and, in the long term, came under financial pressure from the
 rising number of pensioners. The question to be answered is whether
 <italic>Knappschaften</italic> were able to offer cohorts of miners
 entering the system at different times the same implicit rates of return.
 Did <italic>Knappschaften</italic> provide an intergenerationally
 sustainable policy, or did adjustments of contributions and other
 parameters decrease the dividend for insured miners over time? 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1018-1043 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.582575 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.582575 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:7:p:1018-1043




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fred R. Kaen 
Author-X-Name-First: Fred R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaen 
Title: World War II prime defence contractors: Were they favoured? 
Abstract:
  Between 1940 and 1944 the US government placed $175.066 billion of prime
 defence contracts with US corporations. Two-thirds of these awards went to
 only 100 companies and 20% to only five companies leading to charges that
 the prime contractors were favoured. This article examines the common
 stock returns of World War II prime contractors relative to broad market
 indices and to the returns on the non-prime contractors in the same
 industry. The analysis begins in 1938 with the <italic>Anschluss</italic>
 and ends with the 1950 outbreak of the Korean War. Little evidence is
 found to support the charges. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1044-1073 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.582576 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.582576 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:7:p:1044-1073




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mike Adams 
Author-X-Name-First: Mike 
Author-X-Name-Last: Adams 
Author-Name: Lars-Fredrik Andersson 
Author-X-Name-First: Lars-Fredrik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersson 
Author-Name: Joy   Yihui Jia 
Author-X-Name-First: Joy   Yihui 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jia 
Author-Name: Magnus Lindmark 
Author-X-Name-First: Magnus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lindmark 
Title: Mutuality as a control for information asymmetry: A historical analysis of the claims experience of mutual and stock fire insurance companies in Sweden, 1889 to 1939 
Abstract:
  We test two competing arguments regarding the influence of organisational
 form on underwriting performance using data from the Swedish fire
 insurance industry for the years 1889 to 1939 -- a period of both economic
 growth and stagnation. Since mutuality is a response to information
 asymmetry problems, mutual insurers are expected to report lower annual
 claims relative to premiums than stock insurance companies. However, an
 alternative view is that stock insurers seek to reduce information
 asymmetry problems by issuing non-participatory rights insurance contracts
 with high deductibles that induce risk-sharing between the insurer's
 shareholders and policyholders. This implies that stock insurers are
 likely to report lower annual claims than mutual insurers. Our results
 show that organisational form is an important determinant of the claims
 experience of Swedish fire insurers, suggesting that mutuality acts as an
 effective control for information asymmetries in the market. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1074-1091 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.582577 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.582577 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:7:p:1074-1091




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katie McDade 
Author-X-Name-First: Katie 
Author-X-Name-Last: McDade 
Title: Liverpool slave merchant entrepreneurial networks, 1725--1807 
Abstract:
  Liverpool surpassed Bristol as Britain's premier slave trading port in
 the mid-eighteenth century, but the reasons for Liverpool's eventual
 dominance remain debated. This article utilises the theoretical framework
 of entrepreneurship and notions of capital applied within associational
 networks to determine whether or not Liverpool merchants had a
 &#x2018;particular spirit of enterprise&#x2019; which enabled their
 success. An analysis of the trends in investment patterns of Liverpool
 slave voyages demonstrates that Liverpool merchants managed voyages in
 comparatively larger investment groups. Thus, they had greater access to
 knowledge, skills and resources, which allowed for more competitive
 advantages to their trade. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1092-1109 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.590933 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.590933 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:7:p:1092-1109




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kelly B. Olds 
Author-X-Name-First: Kelly B. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Olds 
Title: The Taiwan hat industry: Pre-war roots of the post-war miracle 
Abstract:
  Taiwan's pre-war hat industry was a precursor of the export-oriented
 living-room factory industries which played a leading role in Taiwan's
 post-1960 economic miracle. After World War I, success in the global hat
 trade required quick reaction to ever-changing fashion. Taiwan's hat
 industry was based on a flexible subcontracting system which could respond
 quickly to fashion change and ramp up production at short notice. Taiwan's
 early hat industry has been overshadowed by its larger agricultural
 exporting industries, but the hat industry itself was, by many standards,
 large and influential. Evidence suggests that Taiwan's early experience in
 the hat trade was a key factor behind Taiwan's later post-war success. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1110-1129 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.590934 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.590934 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:7:p:1110-1129




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Tadajewski 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tadajewski 
Title: Correspondence sales education in the early twentieth century: The case of The Sheldon School (1902--39) 
Abstract:
  Correspondence education has received very little attention from business
 historians. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to draw attention to
 The Sheldon School and the work of its entrepreneurial founder, Arthur
 Frederick Sheldon. Sheldon's correspondence course was studied by
 thousands of students in the early twentieth century. His interests, as
 reflected in his correspondence course materials and related articles,
 range from a focus on facilitating exchange relationships through to
 concerns with distributive justice, sales ethics and the promotion of an
 American economic and political vision across the globe. As a key figure
 in the sales education industry, Sheldon had a major impact on the social
 environment of the twentieth century via his involvement with the Rotary
 Club. Courtesy of his influence at Rotary, his ideas continue to shape the
 way prominent scholars have reflected on the consumer and marketing
 concept. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1130-1151 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.590935 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.590935 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:7:p:1130-1151




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: R. Daniel Wadhwani 
Author-X-Name-First: R. Daniel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wadhwani 
Title: Organisational form and industry emergence: Nonprofit and mutual firms in the development of the US personal finance industry 
Abstract:
  Economic theories of commercial nonprofits and mutuals usually emphasise
 the advantages of such organisational forms in reducing agency and
 monitoring costs in markets that suffer from information asymmetries in
 exchanges between firms and their customers. This article examines the
 ability of such transaction cost theories to account for historical
 variations in the ownership and governance of firms in the US personal
 finance industry between the early nineteenth century and the Great
 Depression. It focuses, in particular, on mutual savings banks and their
 role in the development of the intermediated market for savings accounts.
 While I find some evidence in support of transaction cost theories of
 organisational form, I also find that entrepreneurial and socio-political
 factors played crucial roles in the choice of ownership and governance
 structures; mutual savings banks predominated in the early years of the
 industry because the form offered entrepreneurial advantages over
 investor-owned corporations and because in some states they benefitted
 from regulatory and political advantages that joint-stock companies
 lacked. Their relative decline by the early twentieth century was the
 result of increasing competition in the market for savings deposits, the
 loosening of regulatory barriers to entry, and changes in public policy
 that reduced the transaction, innovation and regulatory advantages that
 the mutual savings bank form had once held. The article draws out the
 theoretical implications for our understanding of the historical role of
 nonprofit and mutual firms. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1152-1177 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.613618 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.613618 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:7:p:1152-1177




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel Holbrook 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Holbrook 
Title: Makers of the microchip: a documentary history of Fairchild Semiconductor 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1178-1179 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.615643 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.615643 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:7:p:1178-1179




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John K. Brown 
Author-X-Name-First: John K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown 
Title: Visual mechanical knowledge: the workshop drawings of Isaac Ebenezer Markham (1795--1825), New England textile mechanic 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1180-1181 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.615646 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.615646 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:7:p:1180-1181




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger Middleton 
Author-X-Name-First: Roger 
Author-X-Name-Last: Middleton 
Title: Statistics and the public sphere: numbers and the people in modern Britain, c.1800--2000 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1181-1183 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.615648 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.615648 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:7:p:1181-1183




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Ville 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ville 
Title: Doing well and doing good. Ross and Glendining. Scottish enterprise in New Zealand 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1183-1184 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.620386 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.620386 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:7:p:1183-1184




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Billings 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Billings 
Title: Creative accounting, fraud and international accounting scandals 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1185-1186 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.620773 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.620773 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:7:p:1185-1186




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giorgio Riello 
Author-X-Name-First: Giorgio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Riello 
Title: The Oxford India Anthology of Business History 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1186-1188 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.620388 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.620388 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:7:p:1186-1188




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alan McKinlay 
Author-X-Name-First: Alan 
Author-X-Name-Last: McKinlay 
Title: Business in Britain in the twentieth century 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1188-1190 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.615649 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.615649 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:7:p:1188-1190




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephanie Decker 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephanie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Decker 
Title: Corporate political activity in less developed countries: The Volta River Project in Ghana, 1958--66 
Abstract:
  The article expands existing categorisations of political and economic
 governance by including literature on less developed countries (LDCs). In
 four consecutive negotiations between the US multinational Kaisers and the
 US and Ghana governments in the early 1960s, it is argued that the company
 reached levels of influence that are at odds with existing explanations.
 In order to understand corporate political activities in LDCs, analysis
 needs to go beyond static factors (political risk) and include dynamic
 factors such as diplomatic relations and &#x2018;arenas of power&#x2019;,
 and consider the role of the investor's home country relative to the host
 economy. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 993-1017 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 53 
Year: 2011 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.618223 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.618223 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:53:y:2011:i:7:p:993-1017




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alexander Engel 
Author-X-Name-First: Alexander 
Author-X-Name-Last: Engel 
Title: Colouring markets: The industrial transformation of the dyestuff business revisited 
Abstract:
  Using British and German price and trade data, the development of
 European dye markets in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries is
 analysed. Traditionally, the markets were divided into a commercially
 important segment of premium dyes and a low-cost segment for mass
 consumption. The rise of industrially produced dyes came later and was
 more long-drawn-out than commonly assumed. Initially premium dyes did not
 enter the mass market before the 1880s, and even then no cost advantage
 over main natural dyes was achieved. Instead, newly created path
 dependencies and superior business organisation seem to have been the key
 to their success. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 10-29 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.617205 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.617205 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:1:p:10-29




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ingrid Giertz-M&#xE5;rtenson 
Author-X-Name-First: Ingrid 
Author-X-Name-Last: Giertz-M&#xE5;rtenson 
Title: H&M -- documenting the story of one of the world's largest fashion retailers 
Abstract:
  The interest of fashion companies in documenting their history has been
 almost non-existent in Sweden until recently. For the Centre for Business
 History in Stockholm, the commission to secure the history of Sweden's
 largest fashion company and one of the world's largest fashion retailers,
 H&M, therefore offers new challenges. This study analyses the methods
 being used in this project. Apart from collecting, saving and digitising
 all existing documents from the company's 60 year-history, the
 documentation will be based on a considerable number of interviews with
 past and current employees. These oral history interviews will deal with a
 number of questions important to scholars doing contemporary business
 history. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 108-115 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.617203 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.617203 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:1:p:108-115




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Author-Name: Steven Toms 
Author-X-Name-First: Steven 
Author-X-Name-Last: Toms 
Title: Editorial 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-5 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.596672 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.596672 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:1:p:1-5




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lourdes M. Font 
Author-X-Name-First: Lourdes M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Font 
Title: International couture: The opportunities and challenges of expansion, 1880--1920 
Abstract:
  This paper explores the topic of the expansion of the haute couture
 businesses in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries across
 international frontiers. Concentrating on the period before and during
 World War I and on the couture houses of Worth, Paquin, Drecoll, Redfern,
 Bou� Soeurs and Lucile, it argues that international expansion was
 accompanied by the rapid development of innovative marketing and
 promotional practices, but hampered by obstacles that were ultimately
 impossible to overcome. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 30-47 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.626977 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.626977 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:1:p:30-47




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Florence Brachet Champsaur 
Author-X-Name-First: Florence 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brachet Champsaur 
Title: Madeleine Vionnet and <italic>Galeries Lafayette</italic>: The unlikely marriage of a Parisian couture house and a French department store, 1922--40 
Abstract:
  In the past, fashion history has traditionally produced monographs on
 talented designers emphasising the creativity of the luxury couture
 business and the tastes of its elite clientele. This case study, based on
 the unpublished records of <italic>Galeries Lafayette</italic>, offers a
 balanced and decompartmentalised interpretation of relationships among the
 players in the fashion system. Fashion designer Madeleine Vionnet never
 considered herself an artist and was well aware of the commercial aspects
 of the business, while the owner of <italic>Galeries Lafayette</italic>,
 Th�ophile Bader, tried to generate corporate synergy between the couture
 house and the department store. The examination of the partnership between
 Vionnet and Bader raises important questions, not only about
 counterfeiting but also about the transfer of creativity from designers to
 manufacturers. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 48-66 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.617208 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.617208 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:1:p:48-66




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Howard Cox 
Author-X-Name-First: Howard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cox 
Author-Name: Simon Mowatt 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mowatt 
Title:  <italic>Vogue</italic> in Britain: Authenticity and the creation of competitive advantage in the UK magazine industry 
Abstract:
  By 1914 the leading British magazine publishers had successfully launched
 a range of popular weekly titles for female readers which focused on
 everyday women's fashions. In contrast, the British operations of American
 publishers Hearst and Cond� Nast sought to develop high-quality magazines
 designed to attract affluent consumers -- and the advertisers who sought
 to reach these readers. This paper argues that the success of Cond� Nast's
 <italic>Vogue</italic> depended on two main factors: gaining authenticity
 in the world of high fashion and forming close relations with their
 customers -- both readers and advertisers -- using market research and
 promotion techniques transferred from the United States. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 67-87 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.617209 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.617209 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:1:p:67-87




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francesca Polese 
Author-X-Name-First: Francesca 
Author-X-Name-Last: Polese 
Author-Name: Regina Lee Blaszczyk 
Author-X-Name-First: Regina Lee 
Author-X-Name-Last: Blaszczyk 
Title: Fashion forward: The business history of fashion 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 6-9 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.617206 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.617206 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:1:p:6-9




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marianne Dahl�n 
Author-X-Name-First: Marianne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dahl�n 
Title: Copy or copyright fashion? Swedish design protection law in historical and comparative perspective 
Abstract:
  While fashion piracy has been practised on an industrial scale for at
 least a century, the levels of intellectual property protection for
 fashion design have been low in most nations. This article gives a summary
 of the context of the lack of design protection for the Swedish textile
 and fashion industries, broadly defined, in the twentieth century, with
 comparisons to contemporary debates on fashion and creativity and to the
 historical French and US context. France, the US and Sweden have followed
 different paths in their approaches to intellectual property protection
 for fashion design. A study of the Swedish legislative debates 1916--70
 shows that the different legislative approaches are connected to the local
 contexts of production. It is proposed that one way of understanding the
 levels of protection for fashion design is in terms of the differences in
 logic between &#x2018;fashion&#x2019; and &#x2018;clothing&#x2019;. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 88-107 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.617211 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.617211 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:1:p:88-107




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Lee 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee 
Title: Divided loyalties? In-migration, ethnicity and identity: The integration of German merchants in nineteenth-century Liverpool 
Abstract:
  In-migrants played an important role within port-city merchant
 communities, but the contribution of German-born merchants to Liverpool's
 development in the nineteenth century has been largely ignored. This
 article has four interrelated objectives. First, it establishes the size
 and composition of the German merchant community in terms of the place of
 birth, occupational classification, length of residence, and relative
 wealth of German-born merchants. Secondly, it measures the degree of
 acculturation and integration based on a range of indicators including
 choice of bride, child- and house-naming practices, the employment of
 fellow nationals, and the acquisition of British citizenship. Thirdly, it
 analyses their role within Liverpool society, focusing on their
 involvement in the city's associational networks, their participation in
 voluntary and charitable associations, and their entertainment profile.
 Finally it assesses how the growth of German nationalism after 1871 and
 the institutional role of the German Protestant Church reinforced ethnic
 identity, influenced decisions relating to citizenship and settlement, and
 affected business networking. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 117-153 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.631120 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.631120 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:2:p:117-153




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Niall Piercy 
Author-X-Name-First: Niall 
Author-X-Name-Last: Piercy 
Title: Business history and operations management 
Abstract:
  Operations management is a key function in the modern organisation and an
 important area of study in the business school. Like many subjects it
 remains separated from the business history community. The practice of
 operations management can gain meaningful and significant lessons from
 proper consideration of the historical antecedents of current practices.
 Unfortunately, more than any other business area, operations management
 has a habit of forgetting the lessons of the past and &#x2018;reinventing
 the wheel&#x2019;. The purpose of this paper is to emphasise the value of
 historical analysis in operations management, assess the level of
 historical coverage of the development of operations within that subject
 area (taking a review of OM textbooks as a proxy), and highlight the
 valuable opportunities for the business history community to engage with
 their operations colleagues to better guide the next generation of
 operations management education and practice. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 154-178 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.631121 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.631121 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:2:p:154-178




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Montserrat Llonch-Casanovas 
Author-X-Name-First: Montserrat 
Author-X-Name-Last: Llonch-Casanovas 
Title: Trademarks, product differentiation and competitiveness in the Catalan knitwear districts during the twentieth century 
Abstract:
  Using the number of trademarks registered as an indicator, this article
 explores the functioning of the economies of product differentiation that
 characterise industrial districts. In order to assess the role of
 districts in the creation of trademarks, the analysis focuses on knitwear
 production, a highly competitive industry and a pioneer in brand creation
 in Spain, and examines the development of the country's two main knitwear
 districts during the twentieth century. The article presents empirical
 evidence from trademark and business records to show that more trademarks
 were created in these two districts than in other areas. The imitation and
 rivalry characteristic of industrial districts favoured the proliferation
 of trademarks and encouraged firms to diversify their products through the
 creation of new brands. It also suggests that the success of the brands
 was uneven and depended on the industrial structure in each district and
 the kind of product specialisation. In conclusion, not only were the
 industrial districts an important factor in brand creation, but brand
 consolidation was decisive in raising levels of competitiveness in
 knitwear districts in Spain. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 179-200 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.631115 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.631115 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:2:p:179-200




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mary Quek 
Author-X-Name-First: Mary 
Author-X-Name-Last: Quek 
Title: Globalising the hotel industry 1946--68: A multinational case study of the Intercontinental Hotel Corporation 
Abstract:
  This article employs one case study, of Intercontinental Hotel
 Corporation, to examine the globalisation of the hotel industry between
 1946 and 1968. The results show that the advent of multinational hotel
 development was characterised by the importance of government policies in
 shaping multinational expansion, whose trajectory was also closely related
 to the growth of the airline industry, underpinned by consumer demand
 change. This historical analysis illuminates capabilities specific to a
 firm as well as the entry mode and locations selected for international
 expansion as important factors in driving financial performance. Finally,
 this study contributes to the international business and business history
 literature by exploring international business development in the context
 of a small sample size and longitudinal approach. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 201-226 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.631116 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.631116 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:2:p:201-226




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hannah Barker 
Author-X-Name-First: Hannah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barker 
Author-Name: Mina Ishizu 
Author-X-Name-First: Mina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ishizu 
Title: Inheritance and continuity in small family businesses during the early industrial revolution 
Abstract:
  Explanations for the rapid turnover rates of small businesses during the
 early years of British industrialisation are usually framed in terms of
 mismanagement or misfortune. More recently, the short lifespans of family
 businesses have been presented in the context of family ambitions and
 priorities. Whilst these explanations are persuasive, such studies tend to
 describe a reluctance to continue the family firm after the death of the
 head of household. By utilising evidence of both formal and informal
 methods of post-mortem estate disposal in Liverpool and Manchester we
 argue that the petite bourgeoisie of the early Industrial Revolution were
 more likely than has been thought to continue family businesses and to
 treat them as valuable going concerns. Moreover, we identify a degree of
 freedom on the part of those who inherited that allowed them to use their
 own judgements about the best interests of surviving family members. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 227-244 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.631117 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.631117 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:2:p:227-244




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Armin Gr&#xFC;nbacher 
Author-X-Name-First: Armin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gr&#xFC;nbacher 
Title: The Americanisation that never was? The first decade of the <italic>Baden-Badener Unternehmergespr&#xE4;che</italic>, 1954--64 and top management training in 1950s Germany 
Abstract:
  This article will investigate why German business leaders during the
 1950s resisted the American lead for advanced management training but
 instead developed theirvery own model, the <italic>Baden-Badener
 Unternehmergespr&#xE4;che</italic> (BBUG). The article explains the
 origins, set-up and methods of the BBUG; it also analyses the background
 of the talks' participants during its first decade of existence. In so
 doing, it provides another viewpoint to the debate on the
 &#x2018;Americanisation&#x2019; of German management in the post-war
 years. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 245-261 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.631118 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.631118 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:2:p:245-261




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Federico Barbiellini Amidei 
Author-X-Name-First: Federico 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barbiellini Amidei 
Author-Name: Andrea Goldstein 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea 
Author-X-Name-Last: Goldstein 
Title: Corporate Europe in the US: Olivetti's acquisition of Underwood fifty years on 
Abstract:
  While Italy's catch-up in the course of the twentieth century has been
 nothing short of extraordinary, it has failed to produce a large number of
 global business players. Nonetheless, half a century ago an Italian
 company concluded what was at the time the largest-ever foreign takeover
 of a US company. The paper analyses Olivetti's acquisition of Underwood
 and frames it in the broader picture of the literature on the management
 and performance of foreign companies in the United States. We provide a
 historical narrative focused on three main issues: 1) Olivetti's
 adaptation to the American business system; 2) head office control and
 subsidiary autonomy; 3) the development of internal knowledge resources.
 The implications are relevant for business historians and management
 scholars in general. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 262-284 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.631119 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.631119 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:2:p:262-284




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger Middleton 
Author-X-Name-First: Roger 
Author-X-Name-Last: Middleton 
Title: The Bank of England, 1950s to 1979 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 285-286 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.655457 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.655457 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:2:p:285-286




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emily Buchnea 
Author-X-Name-First: Emily 
Author-X-Name-Last: Buchnea 
Title: The voice of Liverpool business: the first Chamber of Commerce and the Atlantic economy, 1774--c. 1796 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 286-288 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.657778 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.657778 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:2:p:286-288




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laura Ugolini 
Author-X-Name-First: Laura 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ugolini 
Title: Making, selling and wearing boys' clothes in late-Victorian England 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 288-289 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.657779 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.657779 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:2:p:288-289




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Margaret Makepeace 
Author-X-Name-First: Margaret 
Author-X-Name-Last: Makepeace 
Title: The East India Company's maritime service, 1746--1834: masters of the Eastern Seas 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 290-291 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.657781 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.657781 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:2:p:290-291




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aaron Graham 
Author-X-Name-First: Aaron 
Author-X-Name-Last: Graham 
Title: Swedish naval administration 1521--1721: resource flows and organisational capabilities 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 291-293 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.657782 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.657782 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:2:p:291-293




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: The perfect prey: the fall of ABN AMRO, or what went wrong in the banking industry 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 293-295 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.657783 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.657783 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:2:p:293-295




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jos� M. Ortiz-Villajos 
Author-X-Name-First: Jos� M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ortiz-Villajos 
Title: Encuentro Internacional sobre la Historia del Seguro 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 296-297 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.657784 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.657784 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:2:p:296-297




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Manuel Llorca-Ja&#xF1;a 
Author-X-Name-First: Manuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Llorca-Ja&#xF1;a 
Title: British trade with Spanish America, 1763--1808 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 297-299 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.657785 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.657785 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:2:p:297-299




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aldo Musacchio 
Author-X-Name-First: Aldo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Musacchio 
Title: Federal banking in Brazil: policies and competitive advantages 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 299-301 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.657786 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.657786 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:2:p:299-301




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Wood 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wood 
Title: Central banking in the twentieth century 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 301-302 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.657787 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.657787 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:2:p:301-302




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bernardo B&#xE1;tiz-Lazo 
Author-X-Name-First: Bernardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: B&#xE1;tiz-Lazo 
Title: Nueva Historia de las Grandes Crisis Financieras: Una Perspective Global, 1873--2008 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 302-306 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.657789 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.657789 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:2:p:302-306




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Michie 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Michie 
Title: Foreword 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 307-308 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.638479 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.638479 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:3:p:307-308




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bernardo B&#xE1;tiz-Lazo 
Author-X-Name-First: Bernardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: B&#xE1;tiz-Lazo 
Author-Name: Mark Billings 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Billings 
Title: New perspectives on not-for-profit financial institutions: Organisational form, performance and governance 
Abstract:
  This introductory essay discusses the context for the special issue,
 introduces the contributions, considers a number of key themes which link
 the articles and suggests areas for future research; in particular it
 makes a case for the link of organisational diversity and the stability of
 the financial system. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 309-324 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.638480 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.638480 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:3:p:309-324




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher O'Brien 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: O'Brien 
Author-Name: Paul Fenn 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fenn 
Title: Mutual life insurers: Origins and performance in pre-1900 Britain 
Abstract:
  This article considers the evolution of mutual life insurance companies
 in Britain. It investigates how they obtained their financing in the
 absence of share capital: the need to provide security for policyholders
 was typically met by guarantees that directors gave or by borrowing.
 Mutuals were, to some degree, kept in check by policyholders, who would,
 in the absence of effective regulation, raise vigorous challenge to
 directors if a firm under-performed, which would be apparent if it
 declared low bonuses on its policies. Mutuals tended to have lower costs
 than proprietary life insurers, which may also reflect the role of
 policyholders in corporate governance. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 325-345 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.638483 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.638483 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:3:p:325-345




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Monica J. Keneley 
Author-X-Name-First: Monica J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Keneley 
Title: The path to Project Darwin: The evolution of the AMP's organisational structure 
Abstract:
  Demutualisation became a global trend amongst financial sector firms in
 the last two decades of the twentieth century. Changes to the
 organisational foundations of mutual firms represented a shift in
 operational cultures and have often been viewed as an end point or demise
 of the co-operative business model. It is the intention of this article to
 investigate the extent to which this was the case within a major mutual
 institution, the Australian Mutual Provident, Australia's oldest and
 largest mutual insurer. The article's key argument is that the concept of
 mutuality is organic, and that within this organisation it evolved as the
 structure of the firm became more sophisticated as it developed from a
 supplier of life insurance products into a sophisticated financial
 services provider, which ultimately generated internal pressures to
 demutualise. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 346-362 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.638484 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.638484 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:3:p:346-362




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Montserrat Carbonell-Esteller 
Author-X-Name-First: Montserrat 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carbonell-Esteller 
Title:  <italic>Montes de piedad</italic> and savings banks as microfinance institutions on the periphery of the financial system of mid-nineteenth-century Barcelona 
Abstract:
  This article departs from the dominant interpretation of <italic>montes
 de piedad</italic> as charitable pawnshops, typical of Catholic Europe, by
 framing the analysis of their activities as microfinance institutions.
 Fieldwork documents two cases in the industrial city of Barcelona during
 the mid-nineteenth century. The long established Monte de Piedad de
 Nuestra Se&#xF1;ora de la Esperanza de Barcelona (MPB) offered small loans
 to the most disadvantaged sectors, with more than 70% of its clients being
 very low-income women. In contrast, the Montep�o Barcelon�s covered a
 broader spectrum, granting larger loans to clients, of whom the majority
 were working-class men. But during periods of extreme illiquidity, such as
 the financial and industrial crisis of 1847--48, the Montep�o Barcelon�s
 would even support traders and manufacturers. Hence, this article shows
 how not-for-profit financial institutions, located on the periphery of the
 new and burgeoning financial system, are able to contribute to mitigating
 the social costs of industrialisation, through alleviating situations of
 crisis and adding to the resilience of the financial system as a whole. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 363-380 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.638486 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.638486 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:3:p:363-380




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David L. Mason 
Author-X-Name-First: David L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mason 
Title: The rise and fall of the cooperative spirit: The evolution of organisational structures in American thrifts, 1831--1939 
Abstract:
  The American thrift industry began in the mid-nineteenth century as a way
 for people of modest financial means to purchase homes. Modelled after
 British building societies, thrifts relied on members adhering to the
 principle of mutual cooperation to achieve this goal. Over time five basic
 operating structures emerged to assist in this process. When the collapse
 of fraudulent competitors in the 1890s tarnished the industry's image,
 thrifts leaders promoted the core values of mutuality and the cooperative
 spirit, as opposed to the need for operational uniformity, to regain the
 public's trust in their businesses. As a result, thrifts continued to
 follow a wide variety of organisational structures and procedures well
 into the 1920s. This changed during the Great Depression when industry
 consolidation, federal regulations, and internal industry efforts combined
 to bring greater uniformity to thrift business practices. These conjoining
 actions resulted in one set of operating procedures becoming dominant --
 the one that relied the least on mutual cooperation. By the end of the
 decade the process of repositioning the industry was well underway, and
 with it the spirit of cooperation that characterised thrifts for more than
 a century had become more an emotional attachment and less a pragmatic
 business choice. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 381-398 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.638488 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.638488 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:3:p:381-398




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Author-Name: Lucy   Ann Newton 
Author-X-Name-First: Lucy   Ann 
Author-X-Name-Last: Newton 
Title: Advertising, promotion, and the rise of a national building society movement in interwar Britain 
Abstract:
  This article examines the role of advertisement and promotion in the
 successful development of nationwide building societies in interwar
 Britain and the rapid overall growth of the building society movement.
 Major building societies are shown to have used extensive advertising to
 compensate for their initial lack of established national brands, promote
 home-ownership, and make savers aware of the attractive earnings and high
 security of building society savings. During a period when most building
 societies had very limited branch networks, extensive advertising
 increased the public profile of the major societies and thus assisted
 their rapid expansion via lower-cost modes such as agency networks. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 399-423 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.638489 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.638489 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:3:p:399-423




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Koistinen 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Koistinen 
Title: Development credit corporations: Not-for-profit development finance institutions in the postwar United States 
Abstract:
  Development credit corporations (DCCs) were innovative not-for-profit
 organisations first set up in the United States in the years after World
 War II. DCCs borrowed from financial institutions and lent on a long-term
 basis to small companies that needed funds to expand or maintain their
 operations but did not qualify for long-term credit from conventional
 lenders. DCCs were private-sector bodies created at the state level under
 charters issued by state governments. The organisations were established
 in more than half the American states. DCCs continue to function in the
 contemporary era, and have thus proved to be a permanent fixture in the
 landscape of development entities and not-for-profit financial
 institutions. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 424-440 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.638490 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.638490 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:3:p:424-440




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paolo Di Martino 
Author-X-Name-First: Paolo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Di Martino 
Author-Name: Shaker Sarsour 
Author-X-Name-First: Shaker 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sarsour 
Title: Microcredit in Palestine (1995--2008): A business history perspective 
Abstract:
  This article analyses the development and functioning of the microcredit
 industry in Palestine in the period between its establishment as a
 partially autonomous political entity (1994) and the Israeli invasion of
 the Gaza Strip (2008). The article shows how, despite the increase in
 potential demand for microcredit due to the deterioration of the economic
 environment, the growth of the sector has been below expectation. One of
 the most important causes of this phenomenon has been the reluctance to
 lend resulting from the growing risk of late or no repayment of loans.
 Using original data from one microcredit institution (Arab Centre for
 Agricultural Development) and a quantitative approach, the article
 investigates the causes of this problem. Results show that the risk of
 late repayment was negatively correlated to the level of interest rate, to
 macroeconomic conditions, and to the age of the borrower while it was
 positively associated to the share of investment in the Gaza Strip, and to
 the size of loans. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 441-461 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.638501 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.638501 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:3:p:441-461




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Susan V. Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: Susan V. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Author-Name: Markos Zachariadis 
Author-X-Name-First: Markos 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zachariadis 
Title: Origins and development of SWIFT, 1973--2009 
Abstract:
  Research in this article traces the origins of a not-for-profit financial
 institution called the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial
 Telecommunication (SWIFT). SWIFT is a core part of the financial services
 infrastructure and is widely regarded as the most secure trusted third
 party network in the world, serving 200 countries with over 8000 users.
 The analysis focuses on how the design and current state of SWIFT was
 influenced by its historical origins. In order to ensure widespread
 compatibility in a sector experiencing asynchronous technological
 development, legacy Telex specifications had to be accommodated in SWIFT's
 design. Over time, what began as a closed &#x2018;society&#x2019; founded
 to reduce errors and increase efficiency in interbank payments grew into
 an industry cooperative supporting an enthusiastic community of practice
 and transformed into an unexpected network phenomenon. SWIFT achieved such
 success that it has been accused of being an installed base stifling
 innovation. In recent years, SWIFT has had to institute new categories of
 membership in an effort to counter concerns about its bank-dominated
 governance and it continues to search for ways to meet the requirements of
 key constituents in the financial supply chain. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 462-482 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.638502 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.638502 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:3:p:462-482




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miguel A. L&#xF3;pez-Morell 
Author-X-Name-First: Miguel A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: L&#xF3;pez-Morell 
Title: De la beneficencia al Estado del Bienestar, pasando por los seguros sociales 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 483-485 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.638503 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.638503 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:3:p:483-485




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David McLean 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: McLean 
Title: Constructors in a foreign land: Messrs. Lynch & Co. on the Bakhtiari road 1897--1913 
Abstract:
  With railways prohibited in Persia before 1914, roads were the only means
 to improve the country's transport infrastructure and to allow the inland
 movement of merchandise. The experience of Lynch & Co. when constructing
 and operating the Bakhtiari road provides a detailed insight into the
 difficulties which could face British-owned firms abroad in the late
 nineteenth and early twentieth centuries asits commercial activities
 became entangled with those of rival enterprises, localpolitics and
 diplomatic anxieties, and as investment decisions and merger negotiations
 had to be undertaken amid an increasingly uncertain business climate. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 487-509 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.631122 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.631122 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:4:p:487-509




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Merrett 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Merrett 
Author-Name: Simon Ville 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ville 
Title: Industry associations and non-competitive behaviour in Australian wool marketing: Evidence from the Melbourne Woolbrokers' Association, 1890--1939 
Abstract:
  From the 1890s the sale of Australian wool was organised through a series
 of regionally based associations of wool selling brokers and wool buyers.
 They engaged in cartel-type behaviour by price fixing and exclusive
 dealing. We ask the question whether the wool selling brokers exploited
 their monopoly power to thefull in setting fees and charges paid by the
 growers and buyers. Association records provide data on the pricing
 structure and rationale for changes. We surmise that the existence of the
 cartel lifted prices above competitive levels. However, the pricing
 behaviour was moderated to a strong form of limit pricing. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 510-528 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.631123 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.631123 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:4:p:510-528




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Godley 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Godley 
Author-Name: Haiming Hang 
Author-X-Name-First: Haiming 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hang 
Title: Globalisation and the evolution of international retailing: A comment on Alexander's &#x2018;British overseas retailing, 1900--1960&#x2019; 
Abstract:
  Nicholas Alexander's (2011. British overseas retailing, 1900--60:
 International firm characteristics, market selections and entry modes.
 <italic>Business History</italic>, <italic>53</italic>, 530--556) survey
 of British overseas retailers from 1900 to 1960 provides pathbreaking new
 evidence of international retailing activity during the first
 globalisation boom. The article surveys this and other recent evidence,
 and confirms that international retailing was far more significant up to
 1929 than previously thought. This activity was overwhelmingly undertaken
 by non-retailers, however, and hence by multinationals whose advantages in
 retailing were fundamentally unsustainable over the long run. Even the
 department store format, the principal retail innovation of the period,
 was not internationalised primarily by multinationals. Rather it was
 diffused via indigenous entrepreneurs, driven by a rapidly growing global
 demand for western style fashion and dress. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 529-541 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.631125 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.631125 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:4:p:529-541




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Colin Divall 
Author-X-Name-First: Colin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Divall 
Title: Business history, global networks and the future of mobility 
Abstract:
  Globalisation raises serious concerns about ecological sustainability and
 social equality. This article proposes that business historians should
 write a usable past that is framed by the imperative of addressing these
 issues. The transport and communication networks that underpin global
 trade and travel offer an opportunity to narrate such a past. In
 particular business enterprises have historically helped to shape the ways
 consumers think about and realise bodily movement. By contributing to a
 genealogy of these mobility cultures, business historians can help to
 uncover the mythic traces that continued to shape contemporary public and
 policy understandings of global mobility. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 542-555 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.631126 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.631126 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:4:p:542-555




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robbie Guerriero Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: Robbie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Guerriero Wilson 
Title: The &#x2018;layering&#x2019; of management in post-war Britain: The case of the Office Management Association 
Abstract:
  The mid-twentieth century saw the creation of layers of managerial jobs
 in Britain. The increasing numbers of managers and a persistent degree of
 social closure at the top of organisational hierarchies led groups of
 managers to try to define specialist management functions as justification
 for holding organisational power. The Office Management Association was
 one such group. It promoted office managers&#x2019; expertise in the
 efficient running of the administrative side ofenterprises as a specialist
 managerial function worthy of a high place in managerial hierarchies. But
 specialisation was also fragmentation that would weaken the entire
 occupational group of all managers. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 556-573 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.631127 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.631127 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:4:p:556-573




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carsten Burhop 
Author-X-Name-First: Carsten 
Author-X-Name-Last: Burhop 
Author-Name: Thorsten L&#xFC;bbers 
Author-X-Name-First: Thorsten 
Author-X-Name-Last: L&#xFC;bbers 
Title: The design of licensing contracts: Chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and electrical engineering in imperial Germany 
Abstract:
  The article investigates a sample of 180 technology licensing contracts
 closed by German chemical, pharmaceutical, and electrical engineering
 companies between 1880 and 1913. The empirical results suggest that
 strategic behaviour is relevant for the design of licensing contracts,
 whereas inventor moral hazard and risk aversion of licensor or licensee
 seem to be less important. Moreover, the results suggest that uncertainty
 regarding the profitability of licensed technology influenced the design
 of licensing contracts. More specifically, profit-sharing agreements or
 producer milestones were often included in licensing contracts to solve
 this kind of problem. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 574-593 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.683414 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.683414 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:4:p:574-593




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Valerio Cerretano 
Author-X-Name-First: Valerio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cerretano 
Title: European cartels, European multinationals and economic de-globalisation: Insights from the rayon industry, c. 1900--1939 
Abstract:
  This article offers an account of European cartelisation in the rayon
 industry, with a particular emphasis on the inter-war period. It adds to
 the debate about the role of European cartels in the multinationalisation
 of European big business. While showing that cartelisation went hand in
 hand with rapid growth and a boom in foreign direct investment in the
 1920s, it argues that, contrary to a widely held view, the collapse of the
 international financial system, the smooth working of which was a
 <italic>sine qua non</italic> for the functioning of a European sales
 agency, hindered international cartelisation in the 1930s. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 594-622 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.683415 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.683415 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:4:p:594-622




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stuart Bell 
Author-X-Name-First: Stuart 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bell 
Title: &#x2018;A masterpiece of knavery&#x2019;? The activities of the Sword Blade Company in London's early financial markets 
Abstract:
  Best known for their role in promoting the South Sea Bubble, the
 proprietors of the Sword Blade Company were involved in an audacious
 debt-for-equity swap more than 15 years earlier. Close study of this
 demonstrates the deployment of some of the same financial and rhetorical
 techniques albeit on a more modest scale. It also throws light on the
 operation of early financial markets in London, and the opportunities that
 existed for financiers to exploit the porous barrier between the public
 and private financial spheres, while underlining the instability of
 institutional architecture during the financial revolution. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 623-638 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.683416 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.683416 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:4:p:623-638




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Terry Gourvish 
Author-X-Name-First: Terry 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gourvish 
Title: Sir Ernest Lemon: the production engineer who modernised the LMS railway and equipped the RAF for war. A biography 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 639-640 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.637705 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.637705 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:4:p:639-640




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M.   J. Lewis 
Author-X-Name-First: M.   J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lewis 
Title: A guide to tracing the history of a business 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 640-642 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.637706 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.637706 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:4:p:640-642




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher L. Colvin 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colvin 
Title: Men, women, and money: perspectives on gender, wealth, and investment 1850--1930 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 642-643 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.637707 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.637707 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:4:p:642-643




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Church 
Author-X-Name-First: Roy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Church 
Title: Beecham's, 1848--2000. From pills to pharmaceuticals 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 643-647 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.637708 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.637708 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:4:p:643-647




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jaap Jacobs 
Author-X-Name-First: Jaap 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jacobs 
Title: Commanders of Dutch East India ships in the eighteenth century 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 647-649 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.646667 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.646667 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:4:p:647-649




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Forrest Capie 
Author-X-Name-First: Forrest 
Author-X-Name-Last: Capie 
Title: Camille Gutt and post-war international finance 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 649-650 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.646668 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.646668 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:4:p:649-650




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Title: Business history. Complexities and comparisons 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 651-652 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.646669 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.646669 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:4:p:651-652




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anthony Slaven 
Author-X-Name-First: Anthony 
Author-X-Name-Last: Slaven 
Title: Vickers' Master Shipbuilder, Sir Leonard Redshaw 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 652-654 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.658637 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.658637 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:4:p:652-654




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Fowler 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fowler 
Title: The ages of voluntarism: how we got to the Big Society 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 654-655 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.675025 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.675025 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:4:p:654-655




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter J. Buckley 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Buckley 
Author-Name: Adam R. Cross 
Author-X-Name-First: Adam R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cross 
Author-Name: Sierk A. Horn 
Author-X-Name-First: Sierk A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Horn 
Title: Japanese foreign direct investment in India: An institutional theory approach 
Abstract:
  This article charts the history of Japanese corporate engagement with
 India. While there has been a profound historic relationship between the
 two nations, economic interaction is commonly portrayed in the context of
 geographical and psychic distance. As institutions set the rules of
 corporate engagement, we analyse the evolving regulatory and policy regime
 for foreign direct investment (FDI) in post-independence India and the
 corporate strategies of Japanese multinational enterprises (MNEs) in
 response to this institutional change. Using a firm-level dataset we show
 that the trajectory of Japanese investment in India broadly follows that
 of other nationalities of foreign firms. Differentiated responses to
 institutional changes are detected by industry. Our analysis reveals
 important instances of Japanese firm flexibility and pragmatism
 vis-&#xE0;-vis the rapidly growing Indian market. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 657-688 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.683417 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.683417 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:5:p:657-688




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robin Mackie 
Author-X-Name-First: Robin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mackie 
Title: Bearing &#x2018;the burden and heat of the day&#x2019;: The experience of business failure in Douglas & Grant Ltd. 
Abstract:
  This article looks at the role of business culture in a business failure.
 Using the extensive records of the Scottish engineering firm of Douglas &
 Grant Ltd., it explores how the choices made by the firm's leaders were
 shaped by their values and assumptions. The article argues that the
 failure of the firm to manage expansion in the first decades of the
 twentieth century was rooted in these values, which both encouraged its
 leaders to take risks and constrained their ability to manage change. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 689-712 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.683418 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.683418 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:5:p:689-712




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jongseok Lee 
Author-X-Name-First: Jongseok 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee 
Author-Name: Iain Clacher 
Author-X-Name-First: Iain 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clacher 
Author-Name: Kevin Keasey 
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Keasey 
Title: Industrial policy as an engine of economic growth: A framework of analysis and evidence from South Korea (1960--96) 
Abstract:
  The recent financial crisis has raised significant questions about
 liberal free-markets as a mechanism for generating economic growth
 compared to those economies where there is greater state intervention.
 This article develops a theoretical framework for economic development
 that can explain historical changes in both industrial policy and economic
 growth where the state actively intervenes to direct economic development.
 The article then applies this framework to the case of South Korea where
 there is a strong interventionist government. The results show that
 economic development can be explained within a sequential framework of
 policy intervention and that rather than being a static decision,
 successful state intervention is a dynamic and evolutionary process. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 713-740 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.683420 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.683420 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:5:p:713-740




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Wilcox 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilcox 
Title: Railways, roads and the British white fish industry, 1920--70 
Abstract:
  It is well known that the railways facilitated the development of the
 British fishing industry in the nineteenth century. Using sources only
 recently made available for research, this article explores the
 relationship between the fish trade and railways in the twentieth century.
 It concludes that the eventual withdrawal of British Railways from fish
 traffic was occasioned by the fact supply chains for many foodstuffs were
 revolutionised in the post-war period by the rise of large-scale
 processing industries and then multiple retailers, which mainly used road
 distribution. It was also, however, a product of the fish trades&#x2019;
 fragmentation and divisions, and of failures of negotiation on both sides. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 741-764 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.631128 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.631128 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:5:p:741-764




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlo   Joseph Morelli 
Author-X-Name-First: Carlo   Joseph 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morelli 
Author-Name: Jim Tomlinson 
Author-X-Name-First: Jim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tomlinson 
Author-Name: Valerie Wright 
Author-X-Name-First: Valerie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wright 
Title: The managing of competition: Government and industry relationships in the jute industry 1957--63 
Abstract:
  This paper examines the development of the 1963 court case brought by the
 Board of Trade's Restrictive Trading Agreements Office against jute
 manufacturers, in order to examine the impact of the newly introduced
 competition policy for government--business relationships. Government's
 active enforcement of competition marked an important change in the
 direction of industrial policy in the UK and the jute industry was one of
 the cases to be examined. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 765-782 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2011.631129 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2011.631129 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:5:p:765-782




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chih-lung Lin 
Author-X-Name-First: Chih-lung 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lin 
Title: The British dynamic mail contract on the North Atlantic: 1860--1900 
Abstract:
  This article addresses the research on the situation of the British
 shipping industry and mail service on the North Atlantic during the latter
 half of the nineteenth century. In addition to revealing the co-operation
 and competition among various shipping companies, the article will discuss
 the official assistance from the British government in support of the
 shipping industry. The article will argue that the lobbying of shipping
 companies was highly influential in the political decision-making process
 of awarding mail contracts. The article concludes that the British
 transatlantic mail contract in the nineteenth century had become a
 politically motivated policy rather than an economic issue. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 783-797 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.683419 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.683419 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:5:p:783-797




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: George Ritzer 
Author-X-Name-First: George 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ritzer 
Author-Name: Zach Richer 
Author-X-Name-First: Zach 
Author-X-Name-Last: Richer 
Title: Still enamoured of the glocal: A comment on &#x2018;From local to grobal, and back&#x2019; 
Abstract:
  <title/> This is a comment on M. Hoogenboom, D. Bannink, & W. Trommel
 (2010), &#x2018;From local to grobal, and back&#x2019; (<italic>Business
 History</italic>, 52(6), 932--954). While great appreciation is expressed
 for the authors&#x2019; effort to test empirically the theoretical ideas
 developed by G. Ritzer (2007) in <italic>The globalization of
 nothing</italic> (2nd ed., Thousand Oaks, CA: Pine Forge Press), a number
 of reservations are expressed about the way his ideas are interpreted. The
 article has the unfortunate tendency to support the idea of glocalisation
 rather than the broader model developed by Ritzer. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 798-804 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.692081 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.692081 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:5:p:798-804




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcel Hoogenboom 
Author-X-Name-First: Marcel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoogenboom 
Author-Name: Duco Bannink 
Author-X-Name-First: Duco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bannink 
Author-Name: Willem Trommel 
Author-X-Name-First: Willem 
Author-X-Name-Last: Trommel 
Title: Ritzer <italic>malgr� lui</italic>: Reply to &#x2018;Still enamoured of the glocal: A comment on &#x201C;From local to grobal, and back&#x201D;&#x2019; 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 805-809 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.683421 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.683421 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:5:p:805-809




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Reveley 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Reveley 
Title: Historical foundations of entrepreneurship research 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 810-811 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.675026 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.675026 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:5:p:810-811




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Billings 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Billings 
Title: Financial centres and international capital flows in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 811-813 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.675027 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.675027 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:5:p:811-813




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Latika Chaudhary 
Author-X-Name-First: Latika 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chaudhary 
Title: Financing India's imperial railways, 1875-1914 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 813-815 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.675028 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.675028 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:5:p:813-815




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Terry Gourvish 
Author-X-Name-First: Terry 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gourvish 
Title: The economics of beer 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 815-816 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.675029 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.675029 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:5:p:815-816




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tito Menzani 
Author-X-Name-First: Tito 
Author-X-Name-Last: Menzani 
Title: I Feltrinelli. Storia di una dinastia imprenditoriale (1854--1942) 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 816-818 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.675030 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.675030 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:5:p:816-818




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria   Cristina Moreira 
Author-X-Name-First: Maria   Cristina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moreira 
Title: The concise economic history of Portugal -- a comprehensive guide 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 818-820 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.675031 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.675031 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:5:p:818-820




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Albane Forestier 
Author-X-Name-First: Albane 
Author-X-Name-Last: Forestier 
Title: Global trade and commercial networks: eighteenth-century diamond merchants 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 820-821 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.675032 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.675032 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:5:p:820-821




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bernardo B&#xE1;tiz-Lazo 
Author-X-Name-First: Bernardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: B&#xE1;tiz-Lazo 
Title: Electronic value exchange: origins of the Visa electronic payments system 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 821-823 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.675033 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.675033 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:5:p:821-823




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anthony Webster 
Author-X-Name-First: Anthony 
Author-X-Name-Last: Webster 
Author-Name: John K. Walton 
Author-X-Name-First: John K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Walton 
Title: Introduction 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 825-832 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.706897 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.706897 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:6:p:825-832




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip B. Whyman 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip B. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Whyman 
Title: Co-operative principles and the evolution of the &#x2018;dismal science&#x2019;: The historical interaction between co-operative and mainstream economics 
Abstract:
  The development of co-operatives has been (and is) influenced by ideas
 and conceptions first developed by mainstream economics, yet there is
 commonly claimed to be a disinterest (or misunderstanding) among
 economists relating to the advantages and challenges posed by co-operative
 organisations. Yet a broader perspective demonstrates that whatever
 distance between the economic profession and the co-operative movement may
 exist today, there has certainly been a close association throughout most
 of their shared history. This paper, therefore, seeks to illuminate the
 perspectives adopted, and insights into co-operatives developed, by
 leading economists since 1776. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 833-854 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.706903 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.706903 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:6:p:833-854




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steven Toms 
Author-X-Name-First: Steven 
Author-X-Name-Last: Toms 
Title: Producer co-operatives and economic efficiency: Evidence from the nineteenth-century cotton textile industry 
Abstract:
  The relative efficiency of producer co-operatives is investigated through
 an examination of the financial performance of a group of cotton spinning
 firms that emerged from the spread of co-operative ideals after the
 mid-nineteenth century. Reflecting such influences these firms adopted two
 particularly important aspects of democratic governance: use of low
 denomination partly paid shares to encourage wide share ownership among
 local working class operatives, and the use of a one shareholder one vote
 rule at company meetings. Prior literature, much of which predicts the
 failure of producer co-operatives due to incentive problems, has not
 specifically examined these aspects of democratic control. Moreover
 because the case study utilises samples of stock market quoted companies,
 there is an opportunity to quantify the financial performance effects of
 these governance mechanisms. The case study therefore offers a unique
 insight and important contribution to the wider literature. The results
 show that both aspects of democratic governance contributed to the
 economic success of the companies that adopted them, enabling them to
 satisfy the high demand for cash dividends that characterised investor
 requirements. However, the cyclical nature of the cotton industry and the
 stock market booms and slumps that resulted led to redistributions of
 wealth through time that in the long run undermined the co-operative
 project. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 855-882 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.706900 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.706900 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:6:p:855-882




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anthony Webster 
Author-X-Name-First: Anthony 
Author-X-Name-Last: Webster 
Title: Building the Wholesale: The development of the English CWS and British co-operative business 1863--90 
Abstract:
  The English Co-operative Wholesale Society (CWS), established in 1863,
 emerged in the nineteenth century as a key component of the British
 co-operative movement, selling to retail societies many of the commodities
 they sold on to their members and customers. But the CWS had to compete
 with private wholesalers in supplying retail societies, a situation which
 made the CWS&#x2019; relationship with the wider movement quite
 problematic. This article explores the establishment and development of
 the CWS during the first quarter century of its existence, and the
 strategies it employed to maximise its trade with societies, which
 included major involvement in manufacturing, and the development of global
 commercial activity. It is argued that in contrast with the picture of
 British enterprise offered by such commentators as Chandler, the CWS was
 in many respects a highly efficient organisation for its time, which
 successfully developed its role in the quite dysfunctional federation
 which was the co-operative movement. Indeed, it is argued that the CWS
 achieved a level of organisational and managerial sophistication which
 would not be seen in most British non-co-operative business until well
 into the twentieth century. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 883-904 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.706902 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.706902 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:6:p:883-904




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter J. Gurney 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gurney 
Title: Co-operation and the &#x2018;new consumerism&#x2019; in interwar England 
Abstract:
  Economic historians have recently taught us a great deal about the
 &#x2018;new consumerism&#x2019; in interwar Britain. However, the story
 has largely been told from the supply side and the Co-operative movement
 that played a key role in the lives of millions of working-class consumers
 has tended to be marginalised. This article brings the movement and the
 consumer centre stage. First, the uneven and vulnerable situation of the
 Co-op as a business is outlined. The next section briefly sketches
 economic and political attacks on the movement that made it more difficult
 to respond effectively to the challenges it faced. The major part of the
 article discusses oral evidence from ordinary co-operative members, which
 helps illuminate the contradictory pressures faced by consumers in this
 period. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 905-924 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.706896 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.706896 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:6:p:905-924




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicole Robertson 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicole 
Author-X-Name-Last: Robertson 
Title: Collective strength and mutual aid: Financial provisions for members of co-operative societies in Britain 
Abstract:
  Notably one of the principles most prominently associated with Rochdale
 Co-operation is the system of paying dividend, a rate of return based on
 purchases rather than capital holding. This article argues that the
 dividend, though important, was only one aspect of financial assistance
 co-operative retail societies offered their members. By focusing on the
 period of the 1920s--40s, it explores how collective strength and mutual
 aid provided by societies extended to financial support during periods of
 economic crisis and industrial action. Credit in times of need was
 especially important for members of societies affected by trade
 depression, industrial crisis and unemployment during the interwar years.
 The article also argues that membership could give access to much wider
 support than is typically associated with the retail aspect of
 co-operative societies. For example, societies assisted individual
 members, or the families of members, during periods of illness and death.
 The article highlights how, as trading organisations, the spirit of mutual
 help within co-operative retail societies incorporated an element of
 collective expenditure. In addition to providing support for hospitals
 located in the communities in which they traded, societies also offered
 financial aid to nationally recognised charities. In this way financial
 assistance and support provided through the co-operative business model
 was not solely focused on extending the purchasing power of individual
 consumers. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 925-944 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.706895 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.706895 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fernando Molina 
Author-X-Name-First: Fernando 
Author-X-Name-Last: Molina 
Title:  <italic>Fagor Electrodom�sticos</italic>: The multinationalisation of a Basque co-operative, 1955--2010 
Abstract:
  This article investigates the business history of a major international
 manufacturing corporation, Fagor, which is also a workers&#x2019;
 co-operative, from its origins in the most difficult years of the Franco
 regime to its current success as a multinational company manufacturing the
 &#x2018;white goods&#x2019; of the consumer revolution. It explores the
 distinctive ideological roots of this highly successful business, and the
 problematic evolution of its management strategies and workplace
 relationships within the changing Basque political and cultural
 environment during and after Spain's transition to democracy. It focuses
 on the company's adaptability and capacity for adjustment to changing
 circumstances, and on the issues and tensions arising from its development
 as a multinational corporation. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 945-963 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.706898 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.706898 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:6:p:945-963




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrizia Battilani 
Author-X-Name-First: Patrizia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Battilani 
Author-Name: Vera Zamagni 
Author-X-Name-First: Vera 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zamagni 
Title: The managerial transformation of Italian co-operative enterprises 1946--2010 
Abstract:
  The Italian co-operative enterprises have prospered in the last 30 years
 in various sectors. In this essay we analyse the role played by
 managerialisation in allowing Italian co-ops to compete nationally and
 internationally with capitalist enterprises. On the basis of a substantial
 set of company histories and managers interviews, we have built a three
 generations model of co-ops managers, which shows the changes that have
 allowed co-ops to become fully equipped with managerial skills. The strong
 leadership of umbrella organisations, the inner careers of most managers
 and legislation have been instrumental in avoiding demutualisation, the
 killer of co-ops in many other countries. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 964-985 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.706893 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.706893 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nikola Balnave 
Author-X-Name-First: Nikola 
Author-X-Name-Last: Balnave 
Author-Name: Greg Patmore 
Author-X-Name-First: Greg 
Author-X-Name-Last: Patmore 
Title: Rochdale consumer co-operatives in Australia: Decline and survival 
Abstract:
  The Rochdale co-operative model was imported from the United Kingdom to
 Australia in the mid-nineteenth century. Prior to 1945, the Australian
 Rochdale movement experienced waves of interest largely related to
 economic conditions and British immigration. While many Rochdales
 successfully traded for many decades, the movement failed to consolidate,
 experiencing internal and external political tensions and problems with
 wholesaling. In the post-war period, the movement went into permanent
 decline as individual co-operatives faced a range of challenges including
 competition from capitalist retailers, incompetent management and poor
 credit control. Defying these trends, a number of Rochdales continue to
 prosper in rural Australia today. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 986-1003 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.706899 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.706899 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:6:p:986-1003




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Espen Ekberg 
Author-X-Name-First: Espen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ekberg 
Title: Confronting three revolutions: Western European consumer co-operatives and their divergent development, 1950--2008 
Abstract:
  This article analyses the divergent development of Western European
 consumer co-operatives in the period from 1950 to 2008. It asks how some
 consumer co-ops throughout the post-war years managed to defend and even
 strengthen their market share and increase their membership while others
 saw both market shares and membership decline or evaporate. To analyse
 this question the paper offers a comparative analysis of three selected
 consumer co-ops; one case where consumer co-ops developed positively
 (Norway), one case showing consumer co-operative collapse (Germany) and
 one case where there has been quite substantial decline but no collapse
 (United Kingdom). The overall argument propounded is that thesuccess or
 decline of these co-ops was intimately linked to how they confronted three
 parallel transformations in the post-war food retail market: the
 &#x2018;supermarket revolution&#x2019;, the &#x2018;chain store
 revolution&#x2019; and the &#x2018;consumer revolution&#x2019;. The
 divergent ability to confront these challenges was related both to
 external and internal factors. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1004-1021 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.706894 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.706894 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:6:p:1004-1021




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: F. Javier Fern&#xE1;ndez-Roca 
Author-X-Name-First: F. Javier 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fern&#xE1;ndez-Roca 
Title: The strategies of the Spanish cotton textile companies before the Civil War: The road to longevity 
Abstract:
  This study, based on family business theories, offers an innovative
 vision of the Spanish cotton industry. It proves that Spanish cotton
 companies -- just like their European counterparts -- implemented a
 strategy that was consistent with their nature as family businesses and
 went beyond the economic-institutional frames within which they developed.
 The article identifies this strategy as &#x2018;conservative&#x2019;,
 because its main objectives were longevity and family control and because
 it was based on a high percentage of own resources, low levels of
 indebtedness and organic growth, thus sacrificing profitability for the
 sake of security. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1023-1054 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.692077 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.692077 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bert De Munck 
Author-X-Name-First: Bert 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Munck 
Title: The agency of branding and the location of value. Hallmarks and monograms in early modern tableware industries 
Abstract:
  This article addresses early modern guild-based hallmarks from the
 perspective of modern branding. Although guilds could have firm-like
 functions and create &#x2018;brand names&#x2019;, collective marks at
 least in &#x2018;strong guilds&#x2019; (on the continent) served a
 primarily socio-political function for small manufacturing masters who
 controlled and sanctioned branding practices themselves. While helping to
 solve problems of information asymmetry, the collective marks objectified
 product quality by locating it in the political standing and
 &#x2018;quality&#x2019; of guild-based masters. The crucial shift at the
 end of the Ancien R�gime involved the disappearance of this link between
 the status of urban &#x2018;freemen&#x2019; and the cultural identity of
 their products. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1055-1076 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.683422 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.683422 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Reveley 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Reveley 
Title: Reciprocity, associability and cartelisation: Organisational development of the New Zealand Shipowners&#x2019; Federation, 1906--1960s 
Abstract:
  But for the reciprocity garnered early by the New Zealand
 Shipowners&#x2019; Federation, its organisational life-chances would have
 been curtailed. Reciprocity-based cooperation sustained the Federation
 until member bonds gelled and strong membership incentives could be
 offered. Although the Federation subsequently fixed prices and spawned a
 shipping cartel, forceful external constraints limited its ability to
 extract economic rents from shippers and prompted it to enhance member
 efficiency. While this end state is not uncommon, the Federation's
 atypical developmental pathway affords two insights. Firstly, reciprocity
 can function as a &#x2018;starting mechanism&#x2019; for industry
 associations with few selective incentives. Secondly, government
 regulations can evoke cartel-like behaviour by an association at the same
 time as they limit its ability to raise prices. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1077-1098 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.685164 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.685164 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:7:p:1077-1098




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: William Ritchie 
Author-X-Name-First: William 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ritchie 
Author-Name: David Cavazos 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cavazos 
Author-Name: Justin Barnard 
Author-X-Name-First: Justin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barnard 
Author-Name: Charles White 
Author-X-Name-First: Charles 
Author-X-Name-Last: White 
Title: The ancient Hebrew culture: Illustrations of modern strategic management concepts in action 
Abstract:
  Using archival analysis of modern English translations of Hebrew Old
 Testament books, the current study identifies associations between the
 actions and writings of ancient Israel's leadership and modern-day
 principles of strategic management. The results of this study provide
 examples of four key concepts in mainstream strategic management: (1)
 organisational mission, (2) organisational culture, (3) organisational
 structure, and (4) environmental scanning. Chronicling selected activities
 of the ancient Hebrew culture provides rich illustrations of modern
 strategic management concepts in practice more than three millennia ago. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1099-1117 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.692076 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.692076 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:7:p:1099-1117




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arjan van Rooij 
Author-X-Name-First: Arjan 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Rooij 
Title: Claim and control: The functions of patents in the example of <italic>Berkel</italic>, 1898--1948 
Abstract:
  This article tries to provide a balanced view of firm patenting. Two
 different literatures provide two different functions of patents: patents
 enable a firm to claim a technology and they enable a firm to control that
 technology and to control markets. This article argues that claim and
 control are complementary functions, and that both need to be taken into
 account, but also that control gains in importance over time. It does so
 with a case study of the Dutch firm <italic>Berkel</italic> (Van Berkel's
 Patent) in the first half century of its existence.
 <italic>Berkel</italic> was a large and leading company in the development
 of meat slicing machines and compiled an extensive portfolio of patents. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1118-1141 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.692078 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.692078 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:7:p:1118-1141




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: L&#xFA;cia   Lima Rodrigues 
Author-X-Name-First: L&#xFA;cia   Lima 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodrigues 
Author-Name: Alan Sangster 
Author-X-Name-First: Alan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sangster 
Title: &#x2018;Public--private partnerships&#x2019;: The Portuguese General Company of Pernambuco and Para�ba (1759) 
Abstract:
  This paper proposes that we can learn from past experience how specific
 contexts can explain specific public--private interfaces and the corporate
 governance rules ascribed to them, and so inform debate about modern
 ventures of this type. To this end, the paper explores the
 &#x2018;public--private partnership&#x2019; of the Portuguese
 <italic>Companhia Geral de Com�rcio de Pernambuco e Para�ba</italic> (CGPP
 -- General Company of Pernambuco and Para�ba) founded in 1759 by the
 Pombal government. Based on archival sources, and considering the social,
 economic and political context, the study helps to enhance understanding
 of how the Portuguese enlightened despotic regime developed and connected
 the empire through a corporatist interface with a private company. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1142-1165 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.692079 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.692079 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:7:p:1142-1165




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shakila Yacob 
Author-X-Name-First: Shakila 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yacob 
Title: Trans-generational renewal as managerial succession: The Behn Meyer story (1840--2000) 
Abstract:
  Built on a unique partnership principally among three families spanning
 more than 160 years and four generations, Behn Meyer provides fascinating
 insights for the study of corporate governance and managerial succession.
 The company was founded in Singapore in 1840 by two young men from
 Hamburg, a city renowned for its tradition of merchant houses and
 entrepreneurship. During both world wars, the British colonial
 administration in Malaya and Singapore imposed severe restrictions on
 German-owned concerns. Yet Behn Meyer's &#x2018;resurrection&#x2019; after
 both world wars demonstrates the remarkable resilience of the company and
 the adaptability of its management practices and culture.
 Trans-generational continuity in managerial succession remains a major
 factor in the long-run survival of a firm and this case study of a family
 enterprise that overcame significant business and political risks provides
 an informed comparative analysis of managerial succession and
 entrepreneurship. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1166-1185 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.692080 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.692080 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:7:p:1166-1185




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tom K&#xE4;rrlander 
Author-X-Name-First: Tom 
Author-X-Name-Last: K&#xE4;rrlander 
Title: The Swedish financial revolution 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1186-1187 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.675034 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.675034 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:7:p:1186-1187




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sheryllynne Haggerty 
Author-X-Name-First: Sheryllynne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Haggerty 
Title: The capital and the colonies: London and the Atlantic economy 1660--1700 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1187-1189 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.675035 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.675035 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:7:p:1187-1189




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Derek H. Aldcroft 
Author-X-Name-First: Derek H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aldcroft 
Title: Handbook of world exchange rates, 1590--1914 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1189-1190 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.682340 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.682340 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:7:p:1189-1190




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Derek H. Aldcroft 
Author-X-Name-First: Derek H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aldcroft 
Title: The triumph of the dark: European international history 1933--1939 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1190-1191 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.682341 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.682341 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roman K&#xF6;ster 
Author-X-Name-First: Roman 
Author-X-Name-Last: K&#xF6;ster 
Title: Familienunternehmen in Westdeutschland. Corporate Governance und Gesellschafterkultur seit den 1960er Jahren 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1191-1193 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.687527 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.687527 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sean F. Johnston 
Author-X-Name-First: Sean F. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnston 
Title: Mechanical to digital printing in Scotland: the Print Employers' Organisation 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1193-1194 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.687528 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.687528 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:7:p:1193-1194




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paloma Fern&#xE1;ndez P�rez 
Author-X-Name-First: Paloma 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fern&#xE1;ndez P�rez 
Title: Mahabharata in polyester: the making of the world's richest brothers and their feud 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1194-1196 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.687529 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.687529 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:7:p:1194-1196




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James L. Baughman 
Author-X-Name-First: James L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Baughman 
Title: Frank Batten: the untold story of the founder of The Weather Channel 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1196-1197 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 54 
Year: 2012 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.716713 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.716713 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:54:y:2012:i:7:p:1196-1197




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Colin Mason 
Author-X-Name-First: Colin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mason 
Author-Name: Charles Harvey 
Author-X-Name-First: Charles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harvey 
Title: Entrepreneurship: Contexts, opportunities and processes 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-8 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.687542 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.687542 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Popp 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Popp 
Author-Name: Robin Holt 
Author-X-Name-First: Robin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Holt 
Title: The presence of entrepreneurial opportunity 
Abstract:
  Beginning in a critique of conceptualisations of entrepreneurial
 opportunity dominant in economics and entrepreneurship studies we draw on
 both the heterodox economics of G.L.S. Shackle and perspectives from
 phenomenology to recast entrepreneurship as an imaginative act of
 &#x2018;making present&#x2019; unfolding through time and lived
 experience. We develop both the critique and the alternative perspective
 through a double reading of the case of T.E. Thomson and Co., a merchant
 house established in Calcutta in 1834. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 9-28 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.687539 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.687539 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:1:p:9-28




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ajit Nayak 
Author-X-Name-First: Ajit 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nayak 
Author-Name: Mairi Maclean 
Author-X-Name-First: Mairi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maclean 
Title: Co-evolution, opportunity seeking and institutional change: Entrepreneurship and the Indian telecommunications industry, 1923--2009 
Abstract:
  This paper demonstrates the importance for entrepreneurship of historical
 contexts and processes, and the co-evolution of institutions, practices,
 discourses and cultural norms. Drawing on discourse and institutional
 theories, it develops a model of the <italic>entrepreneurial
 field</italic>, and applies this in analysing the rise to global
 prominence of the Indian telecommunications industry. The article uses
 entrepreneurial life histories to show how various discourses and
 discursive processes ultimately worked to generate change and the creation
 of new business opportunities. It suggests that entrepreneurship involves
 more than individual acts of business creation, but also implies
 collective endeavours to shape the future direction of the entrepreneurial
 field. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 29-52 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.687538 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.687538 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:1:p:29-52




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Roscoe 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Roscoe 
Author-Name: Allan Discua Cruz 
Author-X-Name-First: Allan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Discua Cruz 
Author-Name: Carole Howorth 
Author-X-Name-First: Carole 
Author-X-Name-Last: Howorth 
Title: How does an old firm learn new tricks? A material account of entrepreneurial opportunity 
Abstract:
  Opportunity has become the central concept in entrepreneurship.
 Discovery-focused accounts assume opportunity to be objective and to exist
 independently of the entrepreneur. Process-focused studies critique such
 notions. We contribute to process-based conceptions of entrepreneurship
 with an account of opportunity as historically specific and materially
 embedded. Drawing on Latour we argue that opportunities are constituted
 through dense material networks. We argue that opportunity and
 entrepreneurship are mutually constitutive, and emphasise that the
 entrepreneur shares agency with a heterogeneous array of
 &#x2018;actants&#x2019; in the network of opportunity. We make use of this
 framework in a historical analysis of a large family agribusiness in
 Honduras, illustrating the historically dependent nature of
 entrepreneurial process and the role that the material plays in it. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 53-72 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.687540 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.687540 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:1:p:53-72




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sara L. McGaughey 
Author-X-Name-First: Sara L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: McGaughey 
Title: Institutional entrepreneurship in North American lightning protection standards: Rhetorical history and unintended consequences of failure 
Abstract:
  This article examines a historical case study of failed institutional
 entrepreneurship in the context of a mature lightning protection standard
 developed under the auspices of the National Fire Protection Association
 (NFPA) in the United States. Particular emphasis is placed on events
 post-1989 when entrepreneurs who had continuously supported the
 conventional standard sought to establish a competing standard in
 parallel. When unsuccessful, they sought to entirely remove the existing
 standard of almost 100 years. The study shows how failure of institutional
 work may in fact lead to a strengthening and reproduction of existing
 institutions and their underlying logics, contrary to the institutional
 entrepreneurs' intent. It also underscores the potential value of history
 as an interpretive device and strategic resource for both challengers and
 custodians of institutions, and moves beyond heroic conceptions of
 institutional entrepreneurship to recognise the discontinuous, non-linear,
 collective processes that take place in institutional work. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 73-97 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.687537 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.687537 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:1:p:73-97




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Despina Vlami 
Author-X-Name-First: Despina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vlami 
Author-Name: Ikaros Mandouvalos 
Author-X-Name-First: Ikaros 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mandouvalos 
Title: Entrepreneurial forms and processes inside a multiethnic pre-capitalist environment: Greek and British enterprises in the Levant (1740s--1820s) 
Abstract:
  The paper investigates entrepreneurial processes related to Levantine
 trade between the second half of the eighteenth century and the first
 quarter of the nineteenth century. It examines entrepreneurial form,
 information management and entrepreneurial response to opportunity and
 change in two distinctive cases. The first case concerns the business
 ventures of an enterprising group of Greek merchants; the second refers to
 the trade activity of the members of the British Levant Company. The two
 cases are considered and compared in terms of business organisation,
 quality and value of commercial information available, and entrepreneurial
 reaction to opportunity and change. The study compares independent and
 institutional entrepreneurship and highlights some forms of evasive
 entrepreneurial action carried out inside the multiethnic, pre-capitalist
 market economy of the Ottoman Empire. It finally shows how diverse
 &#x2018;opportunity development processes&#x2019; connected, overlapped
 and crossed, interweaving the texture of this particular entrepreneurial
 environment. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 98-118 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.687541 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.687541 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:1:p:98-118




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrea Colli 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colli 
Author-Name: Esteban Garc�a-Canal 
Author-X-Name-First: Esteban 
Author-X-Name-Last: Garc�a-Canal 
Author-Name: Mauro F. Guill�n 
Author-X-Name-First: Mauro F. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Guill�n 
Title: Family character and international entrepreneurship: A historical comparison of Italian and Spanish &#x2018;new multinationals&#x2019; 
Abstract:
  Although family firms are traditionally associated with low levels of
 internationalisation, this paper shows that family ownership can generate
 opportunities for international entrepreneurship related to the
 exploitation abroad of the expertise and social capital developed at home.
 Specifically, it argues that family character favours international
 expansion in at least three ways: (1) by granting more freedom to the
 managers of the company to develop their business model; (2) by
 facilitating the transfer to, and exploitation of, this model in foreign
 markets; and (3) by making the adoption of governance structures based
 upon trust easier. Drawing on a comparison between the business history of
 selected Spanish and Italian &#x2018;new multinationals&#x2019;, support
 is found for these hypotheses. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 119-138 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.687536 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.687536 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:1:p:119-138




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alistair Bruce 
Author-X-Name-First: Alistair 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bruce 
Author-Name: Rodion Skovoroda 
Author-X-Name-First: Rodion 
Author-X-Name-Last: Skovoroda 
Title: Bankers&#x2019; bonuses and the financial crisis: Context, evidence and the rhetoric--policy gap 
Abstract:
  Analysis of UK financial sector bonus schemes in the years immediately
 prior to the financial crisis of 2008/09 reveals significant changes in
 their structure and complexity. In terms of the determinants of levels of
 bonus award, leverage as a measure of risk exposure is not significant,
 whilst scheme complexity and return on assets are. The results challenge
 the supposed link between risk exposure and bonus practice. In this
 context, we seek to shed light on the UK government's contemporary
 rhetoric in relation to the regulation of bonuses and its subsequent
 inaction in terms of sustainable control measures. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 139-160 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.715283 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.715283 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:2:p:139-160




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bob Doherty 
Author-X-Name-First: Bob 
Author-X-Name-Last: Doherty 
Author-Name: Iain A. Davies 
Author-X-Name-First: Iain A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Davies 
Author-Name: Sophi Tranchell 
Author-X-Name-First: Sophi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tranchell 
Title: Where now for fair trade? 
Abstract:
  This paper critically examines the discourse surrounding fair trade
 mainstreaming, and discusses the potential avenues for the future of the
 social movement. The authors have a unique insight into the fair trade
 market having a combined experience of over 30 years in practice and 15 as
 fair trade scholars. The paper highlights a number of benefits of
 mainstreaming, not least the continued growth of the global fair trade
 market (tipped to top $7bn in 2012). However, the paper also highlights
 the negative consequences of mainstreaming on the long-term viability of
 fair trade as a credible ethical standard. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 161-189 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.692083 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.692083 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:2:p:161-189




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrea Colli 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colli 
Title: Coping with the Leviathan: Minority shareholders in state-owned enterprises -- evidence from Italy 
Abstract:
  The relation between large blockholders and minorities is a notoriously
 problematical one, particularly when the controlling shareholder is the
 government. This article explores this issue, referring to the history of
 corporate governance practices at <italic>L'Istituto per la Ricostruzione
 Industriale</italic> (The Agency for Industrial Reconstruction, IRI), a
 huge diversified group in which state ownership was -- for a long time --
 associated with that of several thousands of private small shareholders.
 The case provides some useful insights which help us to understand the
 external and internal conditions under which such a partnership may last,
 or come to an end. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 190-214 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.692084 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.692084 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:2:p:190-214




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kristoffer Jensen 
Author-X-Name-First: Kristoffer 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jensen 
Author-Name: Carina Gr&#xE5;backe 
Author-X-Name-First: Carina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gr&#xE5;backe 
Title: Appropriate reactions to globalisation? Interest group theory and trade associations in clothing between 1970 and 2000 -- a comparison between Denmark and Sweden 
Abstract:
  Today both Denmark and Sweden are successful fashion exporters due to the
 re-export of clothing designed in Scandinavia and produced in low-wage
 countries, while domestic clothing manufacturing has become almost
 non-existent over the past 20 years. This article compares the strategies
 of Danish and Swedish trade associations in clothing manufacturing and
 discusses whether or not the associations encouraged the abandonment of
 local manufacturing and adoption of global value chains. The analysis is
 carried out on the basis of interest group theory as developed by Mancur
 Olson and others, and the findings confirm that interest group influence
 can entail long-term negative effects, but also that variations in
 institutional settings are decisive. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 215-235 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.704510 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.704510 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:2:p:215-235




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andy Lockett 
Author-X-Name-First: Andy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lockett 
Author-Name: Mike Wright 
Author-X-Name-First: Mike 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wright 
Author-Name: Andrew Wild 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wild 
Title: The co-evolution of third stream activities in UK higher education 
Abstract:
  This paper explores the co-evolution of third stream activities in UK
 higher education from 1970 to 2008. Drawing on interviews and archival
 analysis it identifies four distinct periods through which third stream
 activities have co-evolved. The research suggests that the co-evolution of
 the third stream mission in universities is inextricably linked to the
 emerging requirement for universities to demonstrate they have a purpose
 in society. It concludes that the rise of third stream activities has
 presented both universities and government with a means of doing this. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 236-258 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.704511 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.704511 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:2:p:236-258




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mary Rose 
Author-X-Name-First: Mary 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rose 
Author-Name: Moira Decter 
Author-X-Name-First: Moira 
Author-X-Name-Last: Decter 
Author-Name: Sarah Robinson 
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Robinson 
Author-Name: Sarah Jack 
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jack 
Author-Name: Nigel Lockett 
Author-X-Name-First: Nigel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lockett 
Title: Opportunities, contradictions and attitudes: The evolution of university--business engagement since 1960 
Abstract:
  The culture and attitudes of any institution are shaped by history and
 this may affect absorptive capacity and adjustment to change or responses
 to challenge or opportunity. The article explores how responses to policy
 initiatives played out within individual universities and the implications
 this had for their business engagement. The patterns of business
 engagement are related to the histories of the individual universities,
 identifying those forces which helped to shape the &#x2018;rules of the
 game&#x2019; and explaining the similarities and differences in
 experience. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 259-279 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.704512 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.704512 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:2:p:259-279




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark S. Peacock 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Peacock 
Title: Accounting for money: The legal presuppositions of money and accounting in ancient Greece 
Abstract:
  This paper aims to extend the purview of Business History to the ancient
 world by exploring the hypothesis that the development of money was
 stimulated by legal institutions which regulated payment of compensation
 for torts. The hypothesis was propounded by Philip Grierson who argued
 that the Germanic institution of <italic>wergeld</italic> established the
 earliest concept of value which underlies money's function as a unit of
 account. It considers Grierson's thesis in the context of archaic Greece.
 Although archaic Greek law developed differently from the Germanic
 <italic>wergeld</italic>, the legal-political sphere in Greece provides
 decisive impetus to the development of money and accounting. The article
 examines the role of commerce in archaic Greece and its relationship to
 monetisation. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 280-301 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.704513 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.704513 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:2:p:280-301




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicholas Alexander 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alexander 
Title: Retailing in international markets, 1900--2010: A response to Godley and Hang's &#x2018;Globalisation and the evolution of international retailing: A comment on Alexander's &#x201C;British overseas retailing, 1900--1960&#x201D;&#x2019; 
Abstract:
  This response welcomes A. Godley and H. Hang's comment on N. Alexander's
 recent article. It acknowledges those theoretical issues on which there is
 broad agreement and explores theoretical issues around which debate is
 likely to focus in the future. Consideration is given to international
 retailing in the first and second global economies and the problems
 surrounding the evaluation of longer term trends. It explores the nature
 of innovation and the international transfer of retail innovation in an
 international retail firm and market context. Market structural conditions
 and their impact on international retail activity are considered. Further
 areas for historically based research are suggested. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 302-312 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.692082 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.692082 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:2:p:302-312




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Regina   Lee Blaszczyk 
Author-X-Name-First: Regina   Lee 
Author-X-Name-Last: Blaszczyk 
Title: Beauty imagined: a history of the global beauty industry 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 313-315 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.716714 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.716714 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:2:p:313-315




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Dilley 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dilley 
Title: Local business voice: the history of Chambers of Commerce in Britain, Ireland, and Revolutionary America 1760--2011 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 315-317 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.716715 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.716715 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:2:p:315-317




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Hora 
Author-X-Name-First: Roy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hora 
Title: El impacto hist&#xF3;rico de la globalizaci&#xF3;n en Argentina y Chile: empresas y empresarios 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 317-318 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.716717 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.716717 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:2:p:317-318




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlos   Manuel Fa&#xED;sca 
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos   Manuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fa&#xED;sca 
Title: Creating wine: the emergence of a world industry, 1840--1914 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 318-320 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.716716 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.716716 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:2:p:318-320




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ranald Michie 
Author-X-Name-First: Ranald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Michie 
Title: Financial crisis management and the pursuit of power: American pre-eminence and the credit crunch 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 320-322 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.716718 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.716718 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:2:p:320-322




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Edwards 
Author-X-Name-First: Roy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards 
Title: Personal capitalism and corporate governance: British manufacturing in the first half of the twentieth century 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 322-323 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.716719 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.716719 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:2:p:322-323




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Smith 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith 
Title: Finance, politics, and imperialism: Australia, Canada and the City of London, c.1896--1914 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 323-325 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.716720 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.716720 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:2:p:323-325




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kevin D. Tennent 
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tennent 
Title: A distribution revolution: Changes in music distribution in the UK 1950--76 
Abstract:
	      Little business history has been written on the popular music
 industry while sociological study has tended to focus on the effect of the
 industry on society. This paper concentrates on how recorded popular music
 reached the customer, charting the evolution of the industry in the UK
 from a cartel structure distributing only to specialists, into an industry
 which allowed upstream entry freely but increasingly emphasised
 large-scale distribution through mass retailers by the mid-1970s. The
 paper examines the structure of music distribution in the UK prior to 1965
 and how the industry adapted its distribution strategy to the changing
 environment after 1965.	  
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 327-347 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.712963 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.712963 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:3:p:327-347




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Donald Nordberg 
Author-X-Name-First: Donald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nordberg 
Author-Name: Terry McNulty 
Author-X-Name-First: Terry 
Author-X-Name-Last: McNulty 
Title: Creating better boards through codification: Possibilities and limitations in UK corporate governance, 1992--2010 
Abstract:
	      Since the beginnings of the global debate over corporate
 governance in the early 1990s, academics, practitioners and policymakers
 have focused on changing boards of directors to improve corporate
 governance. The financial crisis of 2007--09 arose despite two decades of
 codification of corporation governance, a process that continues in the
 light of concern about corporate performance and accountability: codes
 have not eliminated the problems they set out to address. Analysing the
 three main versions of the UK code of corporate governance, we see a
 shifting discourse of &#x2018;structures&#x2019; in Cadbury to
 &#x2018;independence&#x2019; under the reforms in 2003, and then in the
 2010 iteration towards &#x2018;behaviour&#x2019;, as the code seeks to
 improve boards as mechanisms of corporate governance. The evolution in the
 language and recommendations of the code reveals growing understanding
 both of the practical challenge of board effectiveness and of the
 limitations to codification.	       
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 348-374 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.712964 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.712964 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:3:p:348-374




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Casson 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Casson 
Author-Name: Teresa da Silva Lopes 
Author-X-Name-First: Teresa 
Author-X-Name-Last: da Silva Lopes 
Title: Foreign direct investment in high-risk environments: an historical perspective 
Abstract:
	      Since the banking crisis of 2008 the global economy is
 perceived as riskier than before. Firms that cannot manage risks have
 withdrawn from countries in which they previously invested. These problems
 are not new. For centuries firms have invested in risky foreign
 environments, and many of them have succeeded. This paper reviews the risk
 management strategies of foreign investors. Using archival evidence and
 secondary sources it distinguishes the different types of risks that
 investors face and the different strategies by which risks can be managed.
 It investigates which strategies are used to manage which types of risk.   
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 375-404 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.771343 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.771343 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:3:p:375-404




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter J. Buckley 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Buckley 
Author-Name: Sierk                        A. Horn 
Author-X-Name-First: Sierk                        A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Horn 
Author-Name: Adam                        R. Cross 
Author-X-Name-First: Adam                        R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cross 
Author-Name: John Stillwell 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stillwell 
Title: The spatial redistribution of Japanese direct investment in the United Kingdom between 1991 and 2010 
Abstract:
	      Japanese firms have a firmly established reputation as
 influential foreign investors, originating from the surge of foreign
 direct investment into North America and Europe during the 1980s. This
 paper examines trends in Japanese corporate behaviour in the United
 Kingdom, a key investment destination for Japanese firms, over the period
 1991 to 2010. Our &#x2018;demographic&#x2019; analysis of Japanese firms'
 investments includes both investment and exit strategies. It is found that
 Japanese firms have reconfigured their UK presence in response to a
 rapidly changing market environment, with an enduring proclivity to
 cluster, notwithstanding government incentives intended to channel
 investment towards specific regions of the country.	      
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 405-430 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.771338 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.771338 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:3:p:405-430




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alan McKinlay 
Author-X-Name-First: Alan 
Author-X-Name-Last: McKinlay 
Title: Banking, bureaucracy and the career: the curious case of Mr Notman 
Abstract:
	      The cornerstone of banks' internal control was the inspection
 system that fanned out from the centre to examine all local transactions
 and records. A critical aspect of the inspection system was reporting on
 staff performance. Inspection was the lynchpin of the banks' surveillance
 systems that reached into all aspects of their employees' professional and
 personal lives before 1939. The nature of this control was revealed by a
 court case involving a Scottish bank clerk refused permission to marry by
 his employer. The rationale for this marriage bar lay in the nature of the
 banking career which was pursued in strictly &#x2018;closed&#x2019;
 internal labour markets. Promotion was governed by professional competence
 <italic>and</italic> the organisation's assessment of the individual's
 personal development.		
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 431-447 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.773683 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.773683 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:3:p:431-447




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tom McGovern 
Author-X-Name-First: Tom 
Author-X-Name-Last: McGovern 
Author-Name: Tom McLean 
Author-X-Name-First: Tom 
Author-X-Name-Last: McLean 
Title: The growth and development of Clarke Chapman from 1864 to 1914 
Abstract:
	      Clarke Chapman was the main supplier of leading-edge
 auxiliary equipment to the British shipbuilding industry before the First
 World War. Penrose's theory was used to examine the company's growth. The
 findings of this study show that the ownership structure and the
 governance of the family-owned firm shaped its growth path. Product
 expansion driven by financial slack was followed by the development of new
 capabilities as shipbuilding converted from sail to steam-power. The next
 phase was geographical and international expansion underpinned by human
 resource slack. Additional productive opportunities were created by
 recruiting specialist human resources and pursuing hybrid modes of growth. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 448-478 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.745066 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.745066 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:3:p:448-478




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Edwards 
Author-X-Name-First: Roy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards 
Title: &#x2018;Keeping unbroken ways&#x2019;: the role of the Railway Clearing House Secretariat in British freight transportation, c.1923--c.1947 
Abstract:
	      With the amalgamation of Britain's rail network in 1923, the
 role of the Railway Clearing House (RCH) in co-ordinating, operating and
 commercial decision making might have been expected to diminish. Instead
 the Clearing House secretariat extended its involvement in pricing and
 co-ordination between the &#x2018;big four&#x2019; railway companies and
 even became the basis for the new nationalised industry in 1947. This
 paper explores the RCH as a venue for discussion and negotiation, where
 routines were articulated and codified, extending those within individual
 railway companies. In so doing, the RCH is revealed as an extension of the
 managerial hierarchy of each separate firm.	      
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 479-497 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.745063 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.745063 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:3:p:479-497




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Susan C. Townsend 
Author-X-Name-First: Susan C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Townsend 
Title: The &#x2018;miracle&#x2019; of car ownership in Japan's &#x2018;Era of High Growth&#x2019;, 1955--73 
Abstract:
	      The &#x2018;Era of High Growth&#x2019; in Japan is well known
 for its &#x2018;miracle&#x2019; economy, although the reasons why car
 ownership increased during this period have been largely ignored. Both the
 &#x2018;miracle&#x2019; and the process of motor manufacturing have been
 viewed from the perspective of supply rather than demand. This article
 examines the ways in which the formidable barriers to mass car ownership
 were removed during this period by analysing quantitative data and also
 reconsidering narratives of Japanese manufacturing predicated on Japanese
 cultural uniqueness (<italic>nihonjinron</italic>). It considers the
 Japanese as consumers as well as workers, and concludes that car ownership
 is less a &#x2018;miracle&#x2019; than a manifestation of Japan's process
 of modernisation during the twentieth century. 	 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 498-523 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.771336 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.771336 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:3:p:498-523




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aldo Musacchio 
Author-X-Name-First: Aldo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Musacchio 
Author-Name: John D. Turner 
Author-X-Name-First: John D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Turner 
Title: Does the law and finance hypothesis pass the test of history? 
Abstract:
	      For the body of work known as the law and finance literature,
 the development of financial markets and the concentration of ownership
 across countries is to a large extent the consequence of the legal system
 nations created or inherited decades or hundreds of years ago. Despite the
 seemingly historical nature of this explanation, most of the body of work
 supporting the law and finance hypothesis has been ahistorical. This paper
 summarises the business history literature and provides evidence on
 investor protection and financial development over the long run that
 challenges the main tenets of the law and finance literature.		
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 524-542 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.741976 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.741976 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:4:p:524-542




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Foreman-Peck 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Foreman-Peck 
Author-Name: Leslie Hannah 
Author-X-Name-First: Leslie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hannah 
Title: Some consequences of the early twentieth-century British divorce of ownership from control 
Abstract:
	      Because ownership was already more divorced from control in
 the largest stock market of 1911 (London) than in the largest stock market
 of 1995 (New York), the consequences for the economy, for good or ill,
 could have been considerable. Using a large sample of quoted companies
 with capital of &pound;1 million or more, this article shows that this
 separation did not generally operate against shareholders' interests,
 despite the very substantial potential for agency problems. More directors
 were apparently preferable to fewer over a considerable range, as far as
 their influence on company share price and return on equity was concerned:
 company directors were not simply ornamental. A greater number of
 shareholders was more in shareholders' interest than a smaller, despite
 the enhanced difficulties of coordinating shareholder 'voice'. A larger
 share of votes controlled by the board combined with greater board share
 ownership was also on average consistent with a greater return on equity.
 Corporate governance thus appears to have been well adapted to the
 circumstances of the Edwardian company capital market. Hence the reduction
 in the cost of capital for such a large proportion of British business
 conferred a substantial advantage on the economy.	    
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 543-564 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.741970 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.741970 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:4:p:543-564




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fabio Braggion 
Author-X-Name-First: Fabio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Braggion 
Author-Name: Lyndon Moore 
Author-X-Name-First: Lyndon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moore 
Title: How insiders traded before rules 
Abstract:
	      UK company insiders, such as directors, were legally allowed
 to trade in the shares of their own companies up until the Companies Act
 of 1980. This article investigates the trading behaviour of directors over
 the period 1890 to 1909 in the UK. It finds relatively few instances of
 directors who exploited their informational advantage. However when they
 did sell their own shares, it tended to be before a period of poor
 profitability and poor stock market performance.	   
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 565-584 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.741973 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.741973 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:4:p:565-584




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mariana Pargendler 
Author-X-Name-First: Mariana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pargendler 
Author-Name: Henry Hansmann 
Author-X-Name-First: Henry 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansmann 
Title: A new view of shareholder voting in the nineteenth century: evidence from Brazil, England and France 
Abstract:
	      Business corporations in the nineteenth century often imposed
 limits on the voting rights of large shareholders. Economic historians
 have generally interpreted these voting restrictions as a contractual
 mechanism designed to protect small shareholders in a legal environment
 that afforded insufficient investor protection. This dominant account,
 however, fails to explain the variation in the incidence of voting
 restrictions across different industries and firm ownership structures, as
 well as their eventual disappearance from corporate charters over time. In
 this Article, we advance an alternative interpretation for these early
 voting schemes as efforts at <italic>consumer</italic> protection employed
 primarily by firms that were local service monopolies and collectively
 owned by their principal customers, none of whom wished the firm to come
 under the exclusive control of their competitors or of profit-maximising
 investors. We explore and test this proposition by analysing data on
 shareholder voting rights in the nineteenth century in Brazil, England,
 and France.	      
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 585-600 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.741972 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.741972 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:4:p:585-600




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Brian R. Cheffins 
Author-X-Name-First: Brian R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheffins 
Author-Name: Steven A. Bank 
Author-X-Name-First: Steven A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bank 
Author-Name: Harwell Wells 
Author-X-Name-First: Harwell 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wells 
Title: Questioning 'law and finance': US stock market development, 1930-70 
Abstract:
	      An important tenet of a burgeoning 'law and finance'
 literature is that stock market development is contingent upon corporate
 law offering ample protection to shareholders. This paper addresses this
 claim, using as its departure point developments occurring in the United
 States between 1930 and 1970. It shows that, contrary to what the law and
 finance literature would predict, during this period and throughout the
 twentieth century generally the US lacked corporate law that provided
 extensive protection to shareholders. It also points out that while
 federal securities legislation introduced in the mid-1930s bolstered
 investor protection, this reform effort did not energise the stock market
 in the manner implied by law and finance analysis.	     
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 601-619 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.741974 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.741974 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:4:p:601-619




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eric Hilt 
Author-X-Name-First: Eric 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hilt 
Title: Shareholder voting rights in early American corporations 
Abstract:
	      In early American corporations, the power of large
 shareholders was frequently limited by voting rules that partially
 disenfranchised them. In particular, stock held in an individual's name
 was granted a number of votes per share that decreased with the number of
 shares held. Using data from the corporations created in New York up to
 1825, this paper analyses the use of these 'graduated' voting rights.
 Consistent with the view that they were intended to help small investors
 protect themselves against the predations of controlling shareholders, the
 data indicate that graduated voting rights were imposed in industries that
 attracted small investments from ordinary households. The results
 highlight the importance of concerns over the controlling influence of
 large shareholders in early corporate governance.	    
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 620-635 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.741975 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.741975 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:4:p:620-635




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Freeman 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Freeman 
Author-Name: Robin Pearson 
Author-X-Name-First: Robin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson 
Author-Name: James Taylor 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor 
Title: Law, politics and the governance of English and Scottish joint-stock companies, 1600-1850 
Abstract:
	      This article examines the impact of law on corporate
 governance by means of a case study of joint-stock enterprise in England
 and Scotland before 1850. Based on a dataset of over 450 company
 constitutions together with qualitative information on governance
 practice, it finds little evidence to support the hypothesis that
 common-law regimes such as England were more supportive of economic growth
 than civil-law jurisdictions such as Scotland: indeed, levels of
 shareholder protection were slightly stronger in the civil-law zone. Other
 factors, such as local political institutions, played a bigger role in
 shaping organisational forms and business practice.	      
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 636-652 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.741971 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.741971 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:4:p:636-652




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Sylla 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sylla 
Author-Name: Robert E. Wright 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert E. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wright 
Title: Corporation formation in the antebellum United States in comparative context 
Abstract:
	      Between 1790 and 1860, US state governments chartered 22,419
 businesses, with minimum authorised capital totalling $4.58 billion, by
 special statute. The US, in both total and per capita terms, had
 considerably more corporations and authorised corporate capital than the
 UK, France or Prussia did over that same span. Differences in
 incorporation and capitalisation rates between nations were largely a
 function of differences in laws and politics but differences among
 American states resulted more from differences in the timing and character
 of economic development.	   
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 653-669 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.741977 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.741977 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:4:p:653-669




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Brian R. Cheffins 
Author-X-Name-First: Brian R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheffins 
Author-Name: Dmitri K. Koustas 
Author-X-Name-First: Dmitri K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Koustas 
Author-Name: David Chambers 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chambers 
Title: Ownership dispersion and the London Stock Exchange's 'two-thirds rule': an empirical test 
Abstract:
	      In the UK, in contrast to most other countries, a hallmark of
 corporate governance is a separation of ownership and control. There is
 evidence suggesting that this pattern may have been the norm in Britain as
 far back as the late nineteenth century. This paper investigates the
 extent to which law, in the form of a London Stock Exchange listing rule
 that prohibited the quotation of a class of securities unless two-thirds
 of the securities quoted had been subscribed for by and allotted to the
 public, contributed to this outcome. This paper tests the impact of the
 two-thirds rule by analysing for domestically based companies that carried
 out initial public offerings between 1900 and 1911 data compiled from
 prospectuses, a UK investors' guide and documents filed in accordance with
 UK companies legislation. The results indicate that the two-thirds rule
 did not influence ownership and control to the extent that might have been
 anticipated.	       
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 670-693 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.741969 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.741969 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:4:p:670-693




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ann-Christine Frandsen 
Author-X-Name-First: Ann-Christine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Frandsen 
Author-Name: Tammy Bunn Hiller 
Author-X-Name-First: Tammy Bunn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hiller 
Author-Name: Janice Traflet 
Author-X-Name-First: Janice 
Author-X-Name-Last: Traflet 
Author-Name: Elton G. McGoun 
Author-X-Name-First: Elton G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: McGoun 
Title: From money storage to money store: Openness and transparency in bank architecture 
Abstract:
	      In the middle of the twentieth century, banks changed from
 'closed' designs signifying wealth, security, and safety to 'open' designs
 signifying hospitality, honesty, and transparency as the perception of
 money changed from a passive physical substance to be slowly accumulated
 to an active notational substance to be kept in motion. If money is saved,
 customers must trust that the bank is secure and their money will be there
 when they want it; if money is invested, customers must trust that it is
 being done openly and honestly and they are being well-advised.
 Architecture visually communicates that the institution can be trusted in
 the requisite way.	     
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 695-720 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.715282 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.715282 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:5:p:695-720




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sam McKinstry 
Author-X-Name-First: Sam 
Author-X-Name-Last: McKinstry 
Author-Name: Ying Yong Ding 
Author-X-Name-First: Ying Yong 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ding 
Title: Alex Cowan & Sons Ltd, Papermakers, Penicuik: a Scottish case of Weber's Protestant Work Ethic 
Abstract:
	      This study examines Weber's Protestant Work Ethic and its
 power in explaining the business ethos and progress of a leading Scottish
 papermaking firm, Alex Cowan & Sons Ltd. of Penicuik, which existed
 independently from 1779 to 1965. Beginning with a summary of the
 Protestant Work Ethic, as outlined in Weber's thesis of 1904-06, a review
 of key debates around it is given, followed by details of some recent
 works which demonstrate its continuing relevance for historical scholars
 as well as the shortcomings of some recent studies which have sought to
 test it in detail. A brief outline of the business progress of Cowan's
 papermaking business then follows, after which key aspects of Weber's
 thesis are tested against the firm's experience. The study concludes that
 Weber's thesis adequately describes the motivation and progress of the
 firm and its owners, providing detailed empirical evidence which supports
 the Weber thesis and justifies further detailed studies.	   
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 721-739 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.745069 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.745069 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:5:p:721-739




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoff Walters 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoff 
Author-X-Name-Last: Walters 
Author-Name: Sean Hamil 
Author-X-Name-First: Sean 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hamil 
Title: The contests for power and influence over the regulatory space within the English professional football industry, 1980-2012 
Abstract:
	      This study draws on the concept of 'regulatory space' to
 analyse the evolution of financial regulation of professional football
 clubs in England over the past 30 years. It begins by setting out the
 institutional context and, in particular, the internal governance
 structure of the Football Association. It then discusses three periods
 that demonstrate how the regulatory environment is characterised and
 shaped by different organisations, particularly the football authorities.
 It concludes by arguing that appropriate financial regulation is unlikely
 to occur under the following four circumstances: where internal governance
 structures of regulatory bodies are constituted in such a way as to
 inhibit the process of decision-making; where powerful actors maintain
 control of significant financial resources and have a desire to limit
 financial regulation; where minor actors do not have sufficient power and
 leverage; and where the government is unwilling to intervene and use
 legislation.	       
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 740-767 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.771339 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.771339 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:5:p:740-767




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bernard Burnes 
Author-X-Name-First: Bernard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Burnes 
Author-Name: Bill Cooke 
Author-X-Name-First: Bill 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke 
Title: The Tavistock's 1945 invention of Organization Development: early British business and management applications of social psychiatry 
Abstract:
	      The management field 'Organization Development' (OD), is said
 to have been invented in the mid-1950s in the USA. Some contribution
 post-1958 by the UK Tavistock Institute of Human Relations (TIHR), and to
 a minor extent, in its World War II 'group-relations' work is
 acknowledged. Otherwise, OD depicts the circle of its US 'founding father'
 Kurt Lewin (1890-1947) as its historic mainspring. A new 1945 primary
 source, the TIHR's originating funding proposal to the Rockefeller
 Foundation, proposes all the components of OD, outside mention of Lewin et
 al. Thus, what was to become OD was invented in the Britain of 1945, not
 the USA of the 1950s.		
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 768-789 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.790368 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.790368 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:5:p:768-789




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andy Lockett 
Author-X-Name-First: Andy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lockett 
Author-Name: Andrew Wild 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wild 
Title: A Penrosean theory of acquisitive growth 
Abstract:
	      Penrose's book <italic>The Theory of the Growth of the
 Firm</italic> presents a growth theory that overwhelmingly relates to
 organic growth, with little explicit focus on acquisitive growth. This
 article addresses the gap in her growth theory by drawing on the
 historical case of Enodis, and insights from the resource-based view of
 the firm, to develop a Penrosean theory of acquisitive growth. It
 concludes that acquisitive growth not only enables a firm to grow more
 quickly, but that under specific conditions, through its increase in the
 diversity of resources at the disposal of managers, it may act as a spur
 to future organic growth.	    
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 790-817 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.790370 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.790370 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:5:p:790-817




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rory M. Miller 
Author-X-Name-First: Rory M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Miller 
Title: Financing British manufacturing multinationals in Latin America, 1930-65 
Abstract:
	      Most research on British business in Latin America has
 concentrated on the free-standing companies, such as the railways, which
 characterised British investment before 1914. Apart from Royal Dutch
 Shell, the most important new British investments thereafter were
 manufacturing companies, which steadily increased their presence in the
 region. Some began to arrive before 1914, but several more made
 significant investments between the wars, especially in Argentina and
 Brazil, with a further wave of new investment after 1945. This paper
 utilises corporate archives, as well as those of the British government
 and Bank of England, to investigate the financial aspects of their growth.
 While the provision of finance for fixed investments and working capital
 was relatively straightforward before World War II, thereafter it became
 more difficult due to government regulation on both sides of the Atlantic,
 leading to ingenious solutions to overcome financial challenges.	   
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 818-839 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.800971 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.800971 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:5:p:818-839




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrea Colli 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colli 
Author-Name: Carole Howorth 
Author-X-Name-First: Carole 
Author-X-Name-Last: Howorth 
Author-Name: Mary Rose 
Author-X-Name-First: Mary 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rose 
Title: Long-term perspectives on family business 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 841-854 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.744589 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.744589 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:6:p:841-854




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hartmut Berghoff 
Author-X-Name-First: Hartmut 
Author-X-Name-Last: Berghoff 
Title: Blending personal and managerial capitalism: Bertelsmann's rise from medium-sized publisher to global media corporation and service provider, 1950-2010 
Abstract:
	      This article suggests that the distinction between family and
 managerial capitalism is not as clear as often assumed and presents
 empirical evidence for hybrid forms of governance. It is based on a case
 study of Europe's largest media company, Bertelsmann AG, which grew from a
 mid-sized firm into a large multinational after 1950. Family-led until
 1981, Bertelsmann is still family-controlled today. The article analyses
 the structure of the family, the remodelling of ownership and controlling
 rights, the methods of financing, and the role of non-family managers. On
 all levels, creative solutions were found that overcame traditional forms
 of patriarchal family capitalism and introduced strong elements of
 managerial capitalism into a family business. Managers enjoyed
 considerable space for autonomous action providing they did not challenge
 the ground rules set by the family.	      
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 855-874 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.744584 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.744584 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:6:p:855-874




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Tweedale 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tweedale 
Title: Backstreet capitalism: An analysis of the family firm in the nineteenth-century Sheffield cutlery industry 
Abstract:
	      Drawing upon a database compiled using digital sources, this
 article explores the development and characteristics of over 1000
 Sheffield cutlery enterprises. In Sheffield cutlery, the family was
 virtually synonymous with the firm. Large factories were rare, with no
 more than a dozen businesses employing more than 250 workers by 1914.
 Foreign manufacturers or merchants were sparse, too, and only about 20
 have been found operating in Sheffield in the nineteenth century.
 Businesses drew their strength in the first instance from individual
 family skills, within a quintessentially craft-based industry. The
 backstreet nature of most cutlery enterprises enabled women (and children)
 to play a key role in both the home and factory - sometimes providing
 additional support through their involvement in the beer houses and shops
 that many families operated as a second enterprise. Companies often formed
 miniature family dynasties, reflecting the father-to-son nature of the
 trade and the connectedness (sometimes through marriage) with other
 families. Digital sources should allow other family-based English
 industries or clusters to be recreated in similar detail.	    
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 875-891 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.744592 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.744592 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:6:p:875-891




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robin Holt 
Author-X-Name-First: Robin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Holt 
Author-Name: Andrew Popp 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Popp 
Title: Emotion, succession, and the family firm: Josiah Wedgwood & Sons 
Abstract:
	      We argue that both business history and social science
 studies of family firms often neglect the family <italic>qua</italic>
 family, in particular paying insufficient attention to the emotional
 elements of family as they affect family firms, separating out one from
 the other as distinctive variables, and treating each from a rationalising
 perspective. Adopting a microhistorical approach we use the case of
 succession at Josiah Wedgwood & Sons to argue that consideration of
 emotions and sensibilities provides new insight into behaviour at this
 world-famous firm.	     
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 892-909 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.744588 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.744588 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:6:p:892-909




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Oswald Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Oswald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Author-Name: Abby Ghobadian 
Author-X-Name-First: Abby 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ghobadian 
Author-Name: Nicholas O'Regan 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas 
Author-X-Name-Last: O'Regan 
Author-Name: Valerie Antcliff 
Author-X-Name-First: Valerie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Antcliff 
Title: Dynamic capabilities in a sixth-generation family firm: Entrepreneurship and the Bibby Line 
Abstract:
	      In this paper we draw on the theory of dynamic capabilities
 to examine development of the only surviving family-owned Liverpool
 shipping company. The Bibby Line was founded in 1807 to take advantage of
 the growing sea-trade based in Liverpool. The company remained in shipping
 until the mid-1960s, when a series of external crises led the owner, Derek
 Bibby, to begin a process of diversification. In the last 50 years, the
 Bibby Line has grown into a &pound;1bn business with interests in retail,
 distribution and financial services as well as a continuing commitment to
 shipping. Our intention is to demonstrate how multigenerational ownership
 contributes to the creation of dynamic capabilities in family firms. The
 distinctive nature of Bibby as a long-standing family business is related
 to unique assets such as patient capital, flexible governance structures
 as well as the ability to mobilise social and human capital.	       
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 910-941 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.744590 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.744590 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:6:p:910-941




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicolas Antheaume 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicolas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Antheaume 
Author-Name: Paulette Robic 
Author-X-Name-First: Paulette 
Author-X-Name-Last: Robic 
Author-Name: Dominique Barbelivien 
Author-X-Name-First: Dominique 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barbelivien 
Title: French family business and longevity: Have they been conducting sustainable development policies before it became a fashion? 
Abstract:
	      This paper weaves together two strands of literature: one on
 sustainable development (SD) and one on family business (FB), with a focus
 on the longevity of FB. We investigate the SD literature and then review
 the FB one on longevity, in light of the key questions related to SD.
 Using 27 h of fully transcribed interviews, with 17 different FB owners or
 family members, from six long-standing French FBs, we set out to identify
 what factors family members associate with the longevity of their company.
 We check with what consistency these factors relate to the FB and SD
 literature.	      
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 942-962 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.744583 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.744583 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:6:p:942-962




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Neil Forbes 
Author-X-Name-First: Neil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Forbes 
Title: Family banking in an era of crisis: N.M. Rothschild & Sons and business in central and eastern Europe between the World Wars 
Abstract:
	      In focusing on the business conducted by N.M. Rothschild &
 Sons in central and eastern Europe, this article analyses how the same
 family-specific characteristics, which had facilitated competitive
 advantages before 1914, exposed the house to dangerous pressures after
 1918. The interwar years were critical as the family struggled to endure
 economic and financial turmoil and, especially, the ideological challenges
 of the 1930s. Nevertheless, the bank continued to support succession
 states such as Hungary - though the government became authoritarian and
 the economy subservient to the interests of Nazi Germany. The article
 examines how familial connections that spanned generations, humanitarian
 concerns and path dependency combined to influence business decisions and
 structure assessments of political risk.	   
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 963-980 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.744586 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.744586 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:6:p:963-980




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: St�phanie Ginalski 
Author-X-Name-First: St�phanie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ginalski 
Title: Can families resist managerial and financial revolutions? Swiss family firms in the twentieth century 
Abstract:
	      The aim of this contribution is to highlight the long-term
 evolution of family capitalism in Switzerland during the twentieth
 century. We focus on 22 large companies of the machine, electrotechnical
 and metallurgy (MEM) sector whose boards of directors and general managers
 have been identified in five benchmark years across the twentieth century,
 which allows us to distinguish between <italic>family-owned</italic> and
 <italic>family-controlled</italic> firms. Our results show that family
 firms prevailed until the 1980s and thus contradict the dominance of
 'managerial capitalism'. Although we observe a decline of family
 capitalism during the last decade of the century, the significant
 remaining presence of family firms in 2000 allows us to relativise the
 advent of investor capitalism. 	 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 981-1000 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.744587 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.744587 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:6:p:981-1000




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christof Dejung 
Author-X-Name-First: Christof 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dejung 
Title: Worldwide ties: The role of family business in global trade in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries 
Abstract:
	      This paper shows, through the example of the Swiss merchant
 house Volkart Bros, that many of the world's largest trading firms
 remained family businesses until well into the late twentieth century,
 thus challenging the Chandlerian dichotomy of small or medium-sized
 enterprises with family involvement on the one hand and large managerial
 firms on the other. This was a consequence of the specific features of
 their business: trading firms, unlike manufacturing companies, could
 finance their transactions with short-term credits and did not need to
 raise capital on the stock market. The paper will describe how far family
 ownership was able to reduce transaction costs at both the intra- and
 inter-organisational level. In addition, it will discuss what the concept
 of the corporate family means for the alleged distinctness of the economic
 and private spheres, which has been dominant in economic theory up to now. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1001-1018 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.744585 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.744585 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:6:p:1001-1018




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marta Rey-Garcia 
Author-X-Name-First: Marta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rey-Garcia 
Author-Name: Nuria Puig-Raposo 
Author-X-Name-First: Nuria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Puig-Raposo 
Title: Globalisation and the organisation of family philanthropy: A case of isomorphism? 
Abstract:
	      This article is concerned with the effects of globalisation
 on the organisation of family philanthropy. It aims to assess whether the
 increased visibility and social and economic relevance of foundations
 connected to entrepreneurial families and family firms, has also involved
 the adoption of similar organisational models internationally over the
 last three decades. The article examines the interplay between family
 philanthropy and its institutional framework in the US, Germany and Spain
 by identifying two basic models of relationship between the
 entrepreneurial family, the family foundation, and the family firm: the
 <italic>non-controlling model</italic>, which continues to characterise
 most US foundations; and the <italic>controlling model</italic>,
 characteristic of most German foundations. In Spain, where large family
 foundations have traditionally adopted the controlling model, newer
 foundations have tended to adopt the non-controlling model. This reveals
 the mixed effects of globalisation and national cultural and institutional
 patterns on the organisational structure adopted by family philanthropy
 across Western countries.	    
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1019-1046 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.744591 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.744591 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:6:p:1019-1046




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Carter 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carter 
Title: The Age of Strategy: Strategy, Organizations and Society 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1047-1057 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.838030 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.838030 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:7:p:1047-1057




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Kornberger 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kornberger 
Title: Clausewitz: On strategy 
Abstract:
				 What can we learn from the detailed
 exegesis of Carl von Clausewitz for the study of strategy? Based on a
 detailed reading of Clausewitz' book <italic>On War</italic>, this paper
 proposes that Clausewitz' reflections on strategy unfold along two
 parallel arguments. First, he explores the principal difficulties of a
 positive theory of strategy. This critical inquiry shows how quantities
 and qualities influence each other in war; how events emerge rather
 uncontrollably from the interplay of action and reaction; and how the fog
 of war puts a veil of uncertainty over all information. Clausewitz's
 fundamental critique leads him to the conclusion that a normative theory
 of strategy is impossible. Clausewitz' second stream of thought
 investigates how strategy could be studied instead. On the one hand - and
 based on his famous dictum that war is the continuation of politics by
 other means - he suggests understanding strategy as a socio-political
 (rhetorical) mechanism through which people can be convinced in
 deliberations about a specific course of action. On the other hand,
 Clausewitz also reflects on the pedagogy of strategy. He concludes that
 theory may be useful to educate the mind of the future leader, but not to
 accompany him on the battlefield. The contribution this paper hopes to
 make to <italic>The Age of Strategy: Exploring the Cultural,
 Organizational, and Political Dimensions of Strategy</italic> is twofold:
 first, the study of Clausewitz represents a contribution to the study of
 the history of strategic thought. The second contribution is aimed at the
 relation between strategy as theory and practice. Following Raymond Aron's
 suggestion, <italic>On War</italic> does not offer a normative doctrine
 but rather a critical theory that equips the student of strategy to
 understand the task at hand 'without entertaining any absurd claim to
 communicate the secret of victory.'			     
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1058-1073 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.838035 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.838035 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:7:p:1058-1073




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ingrid Jeacle 
Author-X-Name-First: Ingrid 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jeacle 
Author-Name: Lee Parker 
Author-X-Name-First: Lee 
Author-X-Name-Last: Parker 
Title: The 'problem' of the office: Scientific management, governmentality and the strategy of efficiency 
Abstract:
				 The office is a ubiquitous feature of
 daily life. This paper examines a particularly important period in its
 history: the early decades of the twentieth century. Our contemporary
 conceptions of the routines conducted within this organizational form, or
 indeed the structure of the space which houses it, were significantly
 shaped during this era. Within this time frame, we witness the rise of the
 office skyscraper alongside the systematisation and rationalisation of
 office tasks. Drawing upon the instructional office manuals of the age,
 this paper seeks to provide a comprehensive review of the detailed
 dictates associated with the application of science and system to
 administrative routines. Further, by adopting a governmentality framework,
 the paper presents an alternative account of this significant period of
 historical transformation. Govermentality sets the initiatives of the
 individual office worker within the broader context of a national
 programme of efficiency. It links the actions of private enterprises with
 the priorities of the state. Such insights, we believe, shed further light
 on the forces which shape organizational strategy making and hence suggest
 the importance of a historically situated approach to understanding the
 concept of strategy.			    
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1074-1099 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.838034 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.838034 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Liisa Kurunm�ki 
Author-X-Name-First: Liisa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kurunm�ki 
Author-Name: Peter Miller 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Miller 
Title: Calculating failure: The making of a calculative infrastructure for forgiving and forecasting failure 
Abstract:
				 This paper examines how the category of
 failure was economised and made calculable. It explores the preconditions
 for this shift in three stages. First, it explores how failure came to be
 'forgiven' in both the US and the UK across the nineteenth century, how it
 came to be defined as something that is economic or financial, rather than
 personal or moral. Second, it explores the rapid growth of narrating and
 rating failure in the mid-nineteenth century, with particular attention to
 the formation of credit rating agencies from the 1840s onwards. We
 consider also the roles played in this process by two fortuitous
 technological developments: the typewriter and carbon paper for copying.
 Third, we examine the emergence of the calculative infrastructure, which
 has helped to establish an industry of attempts to forecast failure from
 the beginning of the twentieth century, initially on the basis of
 financial ratios, and more recently through the use of risk indexes. We
 use the term 'calculating failure' to describe this transformation and
 economisation of both the ideas and the instruments of failure, and
 suggest that this has significant implications for the study of strategy.  
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1100-1118 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.838036 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.838036 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pete Thomas 
Author-X-Name-First: Pete 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thomas 
Author-Name: John Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Author-Name: Owen Leeds 
Author-X-Name-First: Owen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Leeds 
Title: Constructing 'the history of strategic management': A critical analysis of the academic discourse 
Abstract:
				 The development of the strategic
 management field has been outlined in many 'histories' in recent years.
 This article analyses a sample of those histories using a Critical
 Discourse Analysis framework in order to understand how they are
 constructed, what common textual features they exhibit and what effects
 they may have on the future development of the field. Our analysis shows a
 neglect of historiographic method in the construction of the histories and
 a tendency to present the field as progressing in a teleological,
 evolutionary fashion. We suggest that the histories are constructed in
 order to support the continuing development of the field and to secure its
 demarcation from other fields, and that this may demonstrate a degree of
 self-interest on the part of strategy scholars.			 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1119-1142 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.838039 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.838039 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:7:p:1119-1142




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew D. Brown 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown 
Author-Name: Edmund R. Thompson 
Author-X-Name-First: Edmund R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson 
Title: A narrative approach to strategy-as-practice 
Abstract:
				 The strategy-as-practice project would
 benefit from greater consideration of narratological concerns.
 Narratorship, the formulation and performance of narratives, is an
 important strategy practice; narratives (stories) are key tools of
 strategists; and narratological perspectives generally may usefully inform
 strategy research, leading to less scientistic and more reflexive
 scholarship. Five specific ways in which attention to narratology can
 assist the strategy-as-practice agenda are considered: humanising strategy
 research, dealing with equivocality, accounting adequately for polyphony,
 understanding outcomes, and sensitivity to issues of power. While
 storytelling approaches have considerable strengths, they also have
 limitations, and are offered as a supplement to, not replacement of,
 existing perspectives. 		  
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1143-1167 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.838031 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.838031 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:7:p:1143-1167




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Frank Mueller 
Author-X-Name-First: Frank 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mueller 
Author-Name: Andrea Whittle 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea 
Author-X-Name-Last: Whittle 
Author-Name: Alan Gilchrist 
Author-X-Name-First: Alan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gilchrist 
Author-Name: Peter Lenney 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lenney 
Title: Politics and strategy practice: An ethnomethodologically-informed discourse analysis perspective 
Abstract:
				 In this article we aim to contribute to
 the 'strategy-as-practice' (SAP) field by studying organizational politics
 from an ethnomethodological perspective. We argue that it is important to
 study not only the 'politics of sensemaking', but also the 'sensemaking of
 politics'. Existing research has examined how power and politics plays a
 role in the sensemaking processes involved in strategic action, yet we
 have little understanding to date about how power and politics are made
 sense of in accounts and used by members to conduct their practical
 affairs. Drawing on an in-depth qualitative study of a multinational
 branded apparel company, we show how politics constitutes a key
 interpretive method through which organizational reality is constructed
 and strategic decisions are made. We address two key research questions:
 How can we study politics as an interpretive procedure rather than a
 pre-existing entity? What practical actions are achieved through such
 interpretive procedures? The study reveals how a cross-functional team of
 senior managers used discourse to collectively co-author a version of the
 political landscape of the firm during team meeting interactions, with
 practical implications for how the group sought to undertake strategic
 change. As such, the paper furthers our understanding of the social
 construction of politics and strategy and puts forward a new and
 potentially more insightful form of analysis we call
 Ethnomethodologically-informed Discourse Analysis (EDA).		    
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1168-1199 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.838037 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.838037 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sotirios Paroutis 
Author-X-Name-First: Sotirios 
Author-X-Name-Last: Paroutis 
Author-Name: Max Mckeown 
Author-X-Name-First: Max 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mckeown 
Author-Name: Simon Collinson 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Collinson 
Title: Building castles from sand: Unlocking CEO mythopoetical behaviour in Hewlett Packard from 1978 to 2005 
Abstract:
				 How do successive CEOs use myths in an
 organization over time? While studies start to provide us with
 understanding of the discourse employed by particular organizational
 actors, we lack studies about the discourse used by successive strategic
 actors over long periods of time and the precise mechanisms of such use.
 To address this gap we theorise the components of mythopoetical behaviour
 of CEOs and apply critical discourse analysis to unpack the discursive
 mechanisms used by three CEOs at Hewlett Packard over a 27-year period. We
 offer two contributions: first, we elaborate on the concept of
 mythopoetical behaviour (<italic>mythopoesis</italic>) and show how it
 forms part of the four discursive mechanisms of
 <italic>authorization</italic>, <italic>moral evaluation</italic>,
 <italic>rationalization</italic> and <italic>mythopoesis</italic> that
 allow incoming CEOs to construct and legitimise their identity as
 strategic actors. Second, we develop the notion of <italic>mythopoetical
 distance</italic> to provide a method to examine how myths developed by
 CEOs are compared to the institutionalised myths in their firms.	    
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1200-1227 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.838038 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.838038 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Carter 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carter 
Author-Name: Alan McKinlay 
Author-X-Name-First: Alan 
Author-X-Name-Last: McKinlay 
Title: Cultures of strategy: Remaking the BBC, 1968-2003 
Abstract:
				 This article explores the changes that
 took place in the BBC during the late 1980s and 1990s. The paper traces
 the antecedents to the changes, particularly a report prepared by
 McKinsey, the management consulting firm, in the early 1970s. Many of the
 problems identified by McKinsey were tackled a generation later, although
 using strikingly different methods from those advocated by the consulting
 firm. The second section of the paper focuses on the policy interventions
 made by the Peacock Committee, an application of public choice economics
 to broadcasting. A key insight of this paper is to explore the way in
 which the economic rationalities of the Peacock Committee were translated
 into the BBC through Producer Choice.Producer Choice constituted a new
 form of governmentality that largely rejected the BBC's Reithian legacy.
 It was a radical initiative that delegitimised the status quo. The paper
 explores how new languages and accounting numbers constructed new spaces
 for managerialism across the BBC. The article highlights how calculation
 is a central dimension to managerialism and a prime means of bringing the
 market into organizations. A key insight of the paper is to highlight how
 markets are created within organizations.			
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1228-1246 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.838032 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.838032 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stewart R. Clegg 
Author-X-Name-First: Stewart R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clegg 
Author-Name: Walter P. Jarvis 
Author-X-Name-First: Walter P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jarvis 
Author-Name: Tyrone S. Pitsis 
Author-X-Name-First: Tyrone S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pitsis 
Title: Making strategy matter: Social theory, knowledge interests and business education 
Abstract:
				 The tensions and challenges facing
 business education frame this paper, which takes a critical look at the
 historical evolution of business school education in the context of the
 present conjecture, with a particular emphasis on the role social theory
 can play in the analysis of strategy and ethics. Flyvbjerg's phronesis and
 Selznick's sociology are deployed to address the challenges facing
 business schools and their place in higher education. Kant's moral
 anthropology opens common grounds to both approaches. Our aim is to
 provide a platform from which business and university leaders can debate
 and discuss the current and future role and impact of business school
 education, particularly focusing on linking and cultivating ethical and
 strategic capabilities in management and organizational practices.	    
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1247-1264 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.838033 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.838033 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ronald Kroeze 
Author-X-Name-First: Ronald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kroeze 
Author-Name: Sjoerd Keulen 
Author-X-Name-First: Sjoerd 
Author-X-Name-Last: Keulen 
Title: Leading a multinational is history in practice: The use of invented traditions and narratives at AkzoNobel, Shell, Philips and ABN AMRO 
Abstract:
				 This article states that the
 distinctiveness of business history and its convincingness can be improved
 by the concept of invented tradition and narrative. After a theoretical
 overview it suggests that the narrative approach explains the way leaders
 operate in practice. It argues that with a narrative approach one sees
 that history is used by business leaders in four different ways: as a
 source to create traditions and symbols as means of communication, as a
 way to understand and strengthen the identity of the organisation, as
 means to create corporate memory and as a tool to connect past, present
 and future. The examples are taken from a Dutch oral history project on
 management behaviour at multinationals.		    
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1265-1287 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.715284 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.715284 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert J. Bennett 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bennett 
Title: Network interlocks: The connected emergence of chambers of commerce and provincial banks in the British Isles, 1767-1823 
Abstract:
				 Interlocking between the earliest 20
 chambers of commerce in the British Isles and the partners of local
 provincial banks relied on similar needs for networks and trust.
 Two-thirds of banks and 40% of bank partners were members of their local
 chambers. Bank partners formed 8% of chamber memberships, and 39% held
 offices, indicating strong interlocking directorates. The interlocks
 provided a number of potential mutual benefits, influencing chamber
 services and lobby activity, and offering mutual signalling of brand and
 status. Interlocks with chartered banks were often also strong through
 managerial staff and some bank branches. Despite the general pattern,
 there were important exceptions (chiefly Manchester, Newcastle and Cork)
 where banks were less connected with early chambers.		       
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1288-1317 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.725163 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.725163 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pierre-Yves Donz� 
Author-X-Name-First: Pierre-Yves 
Author-X-Name-Last: Donz� 
Author-Name: Takafumi Kurosawa 
Author-X-Name-First: Takafumi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kurosawa 
Title: Nestl� coping with Japanese nationalism: Political risk and the strategy of a foreign multinational enterprise in Japan, 1913-45 
Abstract:
				 This paper focuses on the strategy adopted
 by the MNE Nestl� in Japan between the establishment of a branch at
 Yokohama in 1913 and the end of World War II. It highlights the
 difficulties encountered by the firm in its attempts to open up and
 operate production facilities due to strong opposition from local
 condensed milk makers, supported by the state. Eventually, in 1934, Nestl�
 opened a factory by founding an incorporated company, ARKK, all of whose
 shareholders were Japanese working for Nestl�. Although the war
 drastically curtailed the activities of both Nestl� Japan and ARKK, the
 organisational facilities set up during the inter-war period provided a
 springboard for Nestl�'s post-war success in Japan.			
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1318-1338 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.745065 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.745065 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sean Patrick Adams 
Author-X-Name-First: Sean Patrick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Adams 
Title: The perils of personal capital in antebellum America: John Spotswood Wellford and Virginia's Catharine Furnace 
Abstract:
				 The Fredericksburg Iron and Steel
 Manufacturing Company's ironmaking facility, Catharine Furnace, had the
 look of a prime mover in antebellum Virginia's industrial sector when it
 opened in 1838. Its manager and principal owner, John Spotswood Wellford,
 successfully tapped into his social capital to secure military ordnance
 contracts, but in the process the firm became utterly dependent upon his
 ability to secure this work through personal connections. By failing to
 expand the market for its pig iron and castings in local, regional, and
 national markets, the firm relied upon these ordnance contracts for shot
 and shell for its existence. When Wellford died in 1846, the
 Fredericksburg Iron and Steel Manufacturing Company collapsed. A few years
 later, Catharine Furnace stood cold and abandoned - a severe reminder of
 the limited prospects of Virginia's industrial economy and the perils of
 relying on an individual entrepreneur's personal capital during a critical
 period of American industrialisation.			     
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1339-1360 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.745067 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.745067 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:55:y:2013:i:8:p:1339-1360




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon den Uijl 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: den Uijl 
Author-Name: Henk J. de Vries 
Author-X-Name-First: Henk J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Vries 
Title: Pushing technological progress by strategic manoeuvring: the triumph of Blu-ray over HD-DVD 
Abstract:
				 While the Digital Versatile Disc was
 becoming the consumer's technology of choice for playing video content at
 the end of the 1990s, several companies started developing the next
 generation of optical discs. This led to a format war between two similar
 but incompatible high definition optical disc formats: Blu-ray and HD-DVD.
 The companies supporting these formats competed for dominance in the
 marketplace. HD-DVD was first to enter the market and had cheaper
 products, but did not win due to strategic manoeuvring of the Blu-ray
 supporters. Different from previous format wars, consumers did not
 determine the outcome. The competition was decided by tipping company
 support throughout the supply chain and using the technology adoption
 characteristics of the video game console industry.			    
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1361-1384 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 55 
Year: 2013 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.771332 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.771332 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mats Larsson 
Author-X-Name-First: Mats 
Author-X-Name-Last: Larsson 
Author-Name: Lars Magnusson 
Author-X-Name-First: Lars 
Author-X-Name-Last: Magnusson 
Author-Name: Kersti Ullenhag 
Author-X-Name-First: Kersti 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ullenhag 
Title: Scholarship in business history 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-4 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.818420 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.818420 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Susanna Fellman 
Author-X-Name-First: Susanna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fellman 
Title: Prosopographic studies of business leaders for understanding industrial and corporate change 
Abstract:
				 One of the classical topics of business
 history is the studies of business leaders and entrepreneurs. The
 approaches, the material and the goals of these studies have varied over
 time, due to contemporary scholarly debates and methodological 'fashions',
 but this topic has been on the agenda as long as we can talk about a
 business history field. This article uses previous research to discuss
 prosopographic studies of business leaders and how these investigations
 have enabled us to reach a deeper understanding of managerial recruitment,
 professionalisation of management and (business) elite formation in a
 historical perspective. Furthermore, it shows that prosopographic studies
 of the business elite can also provide insights into other types of
 problems and questions in the field of business history, especially in
 relation to corporate and industrial transformations.			 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 5-21 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.818419 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.818419 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Margrit M�ller 
Author-X-Name-First: Margrit 
Author-X-Name-Last: M�ller 
Title: What do firms maximise? The contribution of business history to a controversial topic 
Abstract:
				 With 'shareholder value', the old and
 controversial theoretical debate about what firms in a market economy
 maximise has become the subject of public debate. If we could assume
 perfect competition, such a debate would make no sense at all: if firms
 failed to maximise profits they would simply disappear. But in effect,
 firms have some room for manoeuvre, decision-makers are embedded in a
 social context and their decisions are influenced by social norms. In such
 a world, the question of what the firm does or should maximise is
 important. The main objective of this paper is to show that the case study
 approach to business history can contribute considerably to this important
 topic if grounded on an appropriate theoretical framework. The case
 studies highlight ways in which in modern capitalism the firm maximises
 'management's value' and that we must look beyond market forces to
 understand what the top management maximises.			 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 22-36 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.818423 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.818423 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrea Colli 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colli 
Author-Name: Mats Larsson 
Author-X-Name-First: Mats 
Author-X-Name-Last: Larsson 
Title: Family business and business history: An example of comparative research 
Abstract:
				 This paper deals with one of the pillars
 of contemporary business history - the use of cross-national comparisons.
 Besides the longitudinal, the comparative perspective is a crucial
 dimension of business and economic history research. During the last
 decades several attempts have been made to illustrate the process of
 development and structuring of national markets and corporations both
 currently and in a historical perspective, through the use of a
 comparative method. This paper aims to point out the possibilities and
 problems with this approach. It especially highlights the role of
 institutional factors and changes as important determinants for national
 development and as obstacles for good comparative exercises. It also
 discusses the role of functional and coherent definitions in comparative
 research and the problems connected with data collection and analysis. The
 main research question is how cross-national comparisons can help us
 develop business history research further. A comparison between family
 firms in Italy and Sweden shows that the development of family business in
 these two countries exhibited extensive similarities during the early
 decades of the twentieth century. However after World War II the two
 countries became more diversified in terms of their industrial structure.
 While Swedish family firms became an important part of national big
 business, Italian family businesses developed into smaller and more
 flexible organisations. Thus, today in Sweden several family-owned and
 controlled firms are among the largest in the country, particularly in
 capital- and technology-intensive industries. Italian family firms, even
 if present among the largest in the country, are largely in industries
 other than high tech, and show a degree of organisational sophistication
 inferior to their Swedish counterparts. This paper discusses the driving
 forces behind this development, showing how the explicit use of the
 comparative, longitudinal approach can highlight the patterns of
 convergence and divergence across national business models.		    
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 37-53 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.818417 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.818417 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:1:p:37-53




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marianne Dahl�n 
Author-X-Name-First: Marianne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dahl�n 
Author-Name: Mats Larsson 
Author-X-Name-First: Mats 
Author-X-Name-Last: Larsson 
Title: Business history and legal history 
Abstract:
				 The relation between corporations, the
 market and the legal framework is crucial for understanding the
 development and function of the modern enterprise. The legal framework
 determines - and is determined by - the development of economic life,
 nationally, regionally and internationally. Business historians have often
 used legal material in their studies, however usually from a strict
 business history perspective. Drawing also from legal theory and method
 can contribute to a deeper understanding of the interplay between law and
 business, for example in terms of concepts such as 'hard law', 'soft law'
 and 'co-regulation'. In the same way, legal scholarship has dealt with
 business law, but would benefit from borrowing tools from the business
 history toolkit. Institutional theory is one of the pillars of this
 article, together with theories and methods focusing on law as a
 non-stable, multi-layer system with porous borders. The analysis starts
 with a discussion of the relationship between business history and legal
 history from a theoretical and methodological perspective. It continues
 with two cases at the borderland of business history and legal history:
 finance and fashion. Both cases serve as illustrations for the different
 roles that the state can assume as well as the different methodological
 approaches that are needed for an analysis of the state activities and the
 interaction between state, market and business.		  
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 54-70 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.818416 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.818416 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:1:p:54-70




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lars Magnusson 
Author-X-Name-First: Lars 
Author-X-Name-Last: Magnusson 
Title: Business history and the history of work - a contested relationship 
Abstract:
				 In historical discourse business history
 and the history of work are most often treated as two separate fields of
 enquiry, with different agendas, theoretical fundaments and sometimes also
 methodologies. This paper argues that this is a misnomer. Although
 division of labour in the social sciences is only a natural consequence of
 the growth of knowledge, there are many reasons why business history and
 history of work should cooperate more in the future. As a consequence, new
 insights could be found and novel ways to understand both the organisation
 of work and of business could be explored. The aim of this paper is to
 present some stylised examples connected with the three industrial
 revolutions occurring since the middle of the eighteenth century in order
 to argue for such joint ventures.			   
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 71-83 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.818421 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.818421 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:1:p:71-83




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kersti Ullenhag 
Author-X-Name-First: Kersti 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ullenhag 
Title: The part and the whole 
Abstract:
				 The basis for this paper is that all firms
 are children of their time. They all depend on their environment: on
 technology and available markets, on prevailing attitudes, in short, on
 all institutions at hand. This means that the individual firm with the
 help of theory might be linked to the macro level and analysed as an
 expression of contemporary trends. This approach is exemplified by the
 study of AB &Aring;tvidabergs f�renade industrier during World War I.
 Developments in this company were part of broad industrial trends. Before
 the war, the company expanded on international markets; during the war,
 expansion on the stock exchange opened up for a shift in management in
 1918; and in the deflationary crisis, in the early 1920s, the company went
 bankrupt. The war meant the loss of foreign markets and inflation that
 brought new institutions to be handled. As a member of the managerial
 elite, the founder of the &Aring;tvidaberg company considered it his duty
 to work not only for his company, but also for Sweden. In the war he tried
 in various ways to influence politics. It turns out that the company's
 bankruptcy during the deflationary crisis had a background in an inability
 to account for inflation. Inflationary book profits spurred high dividends
 and heavy investments in 1918-19 - investments that could not be supported
 when the prices fell in the early 1920s. A recalculation of the accounts
 of the &Aring;tvidaberg company using a method elaborated in the 1920s
 turns the book profit of 1918 into a loss. Thus, the lack of methods for
 accounting for inflation meant inflationary profits that in the war and
 the following years stimulated heavy investments not only in the
 &Aring;tvidaberg company, but also in quite a number of Swedish companies.
 In professional circles it was stressed in the 1920s that this sharpened
 the deflationary crisis.		    
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 84-100 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.818424 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.818424 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:1:p:84-100




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Espen Ekberg 
Author-X-Name-First: Espen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ekberg 
Author-Name: Even Lange 
Author-X-Name-First: Even 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lange 
Title: Business history and economic globalisation 
Abstract:
				 Recent reviewers of the current state and
 future direction of business history have complained that, despite the
 growth of business history as a distinct academic discipline in recent
 decades, the field has tended to become side-lined in a number of debates
 which traditionally have been of major concern to business and economic
 historians. The paper discusses this issue by focusing on one of the major
 fields of research among economic historians and social scientists in
 recent years, namely the history of economic globalisation, and
 specifically the spectacular growth in international trade characterising
 the process. The history of economic globalisation and the causes of
 international trade growth has been a flourishing field of research in
 recent years, but business historians have not managed to make their mark
 on the major debates. The article argues that one way of altering this
 situation would be to reinvigorate the old established link between
 business history and maritime history. Two case studies show how maritime
 firms played essential roles in putting in place vital organisational,
 technological and institutional preconditions for international trade
 growth. On this basis it is argued that business historians of maritime
 firms are uniquely placed to understand the inner workings of the economic
 globalisation process and provide explanatory content to the
 macro-oriented analysis dominating the existing literature.		    
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 101-115 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.818418 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.818418 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:1:p:101-115




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mads Mordhorst 
Author-X-Name-First: Mads 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mordhorst 
Title: Arla and Danish national identity - business history as cultural history 
Abstract:
				 Through a study of the co-operatively
 organised dairy company Arla the article argues that the influence of
 co-operative societies in Denmark goes far beyond the economic sphere.
 Since the founding of the co-operative movement in the late nineteenth
 century it has been viewed as a unique Danish way into modernity that is
 more democratic than the traditional process of industrialisation seen in
 other European countries. Thus the narrative of the co-operatives has
 become part of Danish memory and identity. In the post-war years, however,
 and especially in the last two decades, the process of globalisation in
 the food industry has eroded the foundation of this narrative from within,
 such that it has begun to turn against the co-operative societies. Accused
 of being monopolistic, multinational and undemocratic, the companies today
 find themselves trapped in their own history and storytelling. The article
 draws on a cultural-historical framework, narrative theory and Pierre
 Nora's notion of memory.			 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 116-133 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.818422 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.818422 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:1:p:116-133




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew David Allan Smith 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew David Allan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith 
Title: A successful British MNE in the backyard of American big business: Explaining the performance of the American and Canadian subsidiaries of Lever Brothers 1888-1914 
Abstract:
				 After 1888, Lever Brothers expanded into
 the United States and Canada. The surviving archival evidence suggests
 that the Canadian subsidiary was more successful than the American one.
 This article considers a number of factors that help to explain why this
 was the case. Some of the factors considered, such as differences between
 the Canadian and American tariffs, Canada's more robust system of
 trademark protection, and the absence of an anti-trust law in Canada
 before 1908, are related to themes very familiar to business historians.
 This article also applies concepts that are not part of the normal toolkit
 of business historians. The article draws on the literature on identity
 economics and argues that the greater success enjoyed by Lever Brothers in
 Canada was, in part, rooted in Canada's strongly British identity. The
 impact of identities on the policymakers, managers, and consumers who
 collectively shaped the two North American subsidiaries is assessed.	    
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 135-160 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.745064 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.745064 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:2:p:135-160




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pier Angelo Toninelli 
Author-X-Name-First: Pier Angelo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Toninelli 
Author-Name: Michelangelo Vasta 
Author-X-Name-First: Michelangelo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vasta 
Title: Opening the black box of entrepreneurship: The Italian case in a historical perspective 
Abstract:
				 The main objective of this paper is to
 shed light on the Italian entrepreneurship between the beginning of the
 second industrial revolution and the end of the twentieth century. It is
 based on a new dataset concerning the profiles of 386 entrepreneurs. The
 results are twofold: first, by proposing an empirically based taxonomy of
 Italian entrepreneurs not exclusively founded on intuitions and
 qualitative judgements, the article provide valuable interpretative
 elements; second, the article puts forward some hypotheses about the
 relationship between entrepreneurship and Italian economic growth. In
 particular a cluster analysis singles out five different entrepreneurial
 typologies characterised by a widespread tendency to search for new
 markets, yet a scarce attitude towards innovation. Further it is suggested
 that the evolution of the institutional context slowed down the
 development of the entrepreneurial abilities and virtues necessary to
 grow.			 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 161-186 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2012.745068 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2012.745068 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:2:p:161-186




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hiroki Shin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hiroki 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shin 
Title: The art of advertising railways: organisation and coordination in Britain's railway marketing, 1860-1910 
Abstract:
				 This article examines early developments
 in Britain's railway companies' marketing. Railways have long been
 considered primarily manufacturers of transport and their selling efforts
 have attracted little attention from historians. Recent approaches to
 business history have revealed some important aspects of modern
 corporations' contributions to the cultural construction of social and
 economic behaviour. However, there is little research about public
 transport's role in encouraging people's movement. The article
 demonstrates the sophisticated promotional machinery developed by railway
 companies from the late nineteenth century, as well as shedding light on
 the hitherto neglected coordination of railway advertising at the Railway
 Clearing House.		       
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 187-213 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.771333 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.771333 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:2:p:187-213




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Erik Lakomaa 
Author-X-Name-First: Erik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lakomaa 
Title: Technology, labour and the rise of a financial newspaper - the early years of <italic>Dagens Industri</italic> 				 
Abstract:
				 The financial newspaper, <italic>Dagens
 Industri</italic>, published by the Swedish media conglomerate the Bonnier
 Group, was not only the first successful financial newspaper in Sweden but
 also one of few newspapers that managed to internationalise. In this
 paper, it is argued that the survival and success of <italic>Dagens
 Industri</italic> could be attributed to the production model that the
 paper was made to adopt in order to cope with the special technological
 and labour market-related circumstances that were present at the time of
 its creation. This includes the outsourcing of composition and printing,
 something that allowed the paper to stay out of the labour conflicts that
 rocked the media industry at the time. It is also shown that, because of
 the differences in the structure of the labour movement, the challenges
 met, and the solutions used by the Bonnier Group, differed significantly
 from those of American newspaper companies.			     
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 214-235 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.771334 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.771334 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:2:p:214-235




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marco Bertilorenzi 
Author-X-Name-First: Marco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bertilorenzi 
Title: Business, finance, and politics: the rise and fall of international aluminium cartels, 1914-45 
Abstract:
				 This article retraces the history of
 international aluminium cartels from 1914 to 1945, focusing on the factors
 that shaped their formation and on the dynamics that influenced their
 work. The main argument of this research is that the fortune of the
 aluminium cartels resulted from the complex interactions among producers,
 their financial backers, and political powers. Scholarly studies show that
 firms and governments often cooperated in the settlement and
 administration of many cartels during the inter-war period. The case of
 the international aluminium industry shows that a more complicated
 interaction existed: financial regulation first, and states'
 interventionism second, challenged producers' views in terms of
 cartelisation, influenced its path and, sometimes, proposed alternatives.
 Strategic policies finally put this cartelisation to an end, preventing
 its resurgence after the Second World War.			   
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 236-269 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.771337 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.771337 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:2:p:236-269




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Heller 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Heller 
Author-Name: Bernadette Kamleitner 
Author-X-Name-First: Bernadette 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kamleitner 
Title: Salaries and promotion opportunities in the English banking industry, 1890-1936: a rejoinder 
Abstract:
				 The article is a rejoinder to Andrew J.
 Seltzer's article, published in <italic>Business History</italic> in
 August 2010, which critiqued an article published in May 2008 on the topic
 of clerical salaries in London, 1870-1914. It examines trends in salaries
 and promotions of branch clerks at the London, County and Westminster Bank
 and at the National Provincial Bank, and focuses on the London area for
 the period 1880-1913. It argues that salaries increased between 1880 and
 1895 and then declined from 1895 to 1913. Adjusting for tenure and
 inflation, salaries were approximately at the same level in 1913 as they
 were in 1880. It also examines the relationship between tenure and salary,
 linking both to the rise of internal labour markets in Britain's large
 retail banks.			     
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 270-286 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.771340 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.771340 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:2:p:270-286




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Denis Jon Nettle 
Author-X-Name-First: Denis Jon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nettle 
Title: Issues of management identity: attitudes to management within the Australian Institute of Management, 1940-73 
Abstract:
				 While a number of studies have considered
 the evolution of Australian business and management, less attention has
 been paid to the discourse used by Australian managers to conceptualise
 their identity as managers. This study of management discourse within the
 Australian Institute of Management (AIM) from 1940 up to 1973 does not,
 however, reveal a progressive evolution towards a hegemonic conception of
 management. Rather the discourse of practising managers within the AIM
 reveals a continual unresolved wrestling with rival conceptions of
 possible managerial identities as administrators, leaders, professionals
 and even workers, and how the AIM was continually frustrated in
 articulating its own institutional identity as a 'society of managers'.    
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 287-313 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.771341 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.771341 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:2:p:287-313




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher L. Colvin 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colvin 
Title: Interlocking directorates and conflicts of interest: the Rotterdamsche Bankvereeniging, M�ller & Co. and the Dutch financial crisis of the 1920s 
Abstract:
				 How can interlocking directorates cause
 financial instability for universal banks? A detailed history of the
 Rotterdamsche Bankvereeninging in the 1920s answers this question in a
 case study. This large commercial bank adopted a new German-style
 universal banking business model from the early 1910s, sharing directors
 with the firms it financed as a means of controlling its interests. Then,
 in 1924, it required assistance from the Dutch state in order to survive a
 bank run brought on by public concerns over its close ties with M�ller &
 Co., a trading conglomerate that suffered badly in the economic downturn
 of the early 1920s. Using a new narrative history combined with an
 interpretive model, this article shows how the interlocking directorates
 between the bank and this major client, and in particular the direction of
 influence of these interlocks, resulted in a conflict of interest that
 could not be easily overcome.			     
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 314-334 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.771342 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.771342 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:2:p:314-334




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Foreman-Peck 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Foreman-Peck 
Author-Name: Leslie Hannah 
Author-X-Name-First: Leslie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hannah 
Title: Some consequences of the early twentieth-century British divorce of ownership from control 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 335-335 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.778152 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.778152 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:2:p:335-335




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Stokes 
Author-X-Name-First: Ray 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stokes 
Author-Name: Andrea Colli 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colli 
Author-Name: Stephanie Decker 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephanie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Decker 
Author-Name: Paloma Fern�ndez P�rez 
Author-X-Name-First: Paloma Fern�ndez 
Author-X-Name-Last: P�rez 
Author-Name: Abe de Jong 
Author-X-Name-First: Abe de 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jong 
Author-Name: Neil Rollings 
Author-X-Name-First: Neil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rollings 
Title: Editorial 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 336-339 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.887809 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.887809 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:2:p:336-339




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kenneth E. Aupperle 
Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth E. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aupperle 
Author-Name: William Acar 
Author-X-Name-First: William 
Author-X-Name-Last: Acar 
Author-Name: Debmalya Mukherjee 
Author-X-Name-First: Debmalya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mukherjee 
Title: Revisiting the fit-performance thesis half a century later: a historical financial analysis of Chandler's own matched and mismatched firms 
Abstract:
				 This study revisits Chandler's seminal
 work <italic>Strategy and Structure</italic> (1962) empirically. This work
 helped fashion the notion of strategic fit as well as the need for new
 organisational forms. Chandler's fit-performance thesis proposes that
 firms which match structure to their strategy will become economically
 more efficient than mismatched firms. The very same firms Chandler studied
 are analysed financially as their structure evolves through successive
 phases of being matched to their strategy, mismatched, and then finally
 matched again. Over 70 longitudinal tests are performed, yielding mostly
 statistically significant results. These tests surprisingly suggest that
 mismatched firms generally outperform firms that match structure to
 strategy. Such results matter in light of new conceptual approaches being
 introduced on the subject of 'fit'; novel plausible explanations are
 provided for this apparent theoretical paradox.		    
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 341-371 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.790369 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.790369 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:3:p:341-371




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andy Lockett 
Author-X-Name-First: Andy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lockett 
Author-Name: Andrew Wild 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wild 
Title: Bringing history (back) into the resource-based view 
Abstract:
				 This paper assesses the role of historical
 analysis in the development of the RBV, focusing on the work of Edith
 Penrose. Drawing on Penrose's own work, and her correspondence with her
 teacher and colleague Professor Fritz Machlup, the article argues that
 historical analysis was central to the development of her ideas on firm
 growth, which provided the intellectual underpinnings of the RBV. It
 concludes by arguing that history matters to the RBV, despite the fact
 that it is now largely marginalised in RBV and wider strategy research. It
 is now time to bring history (back) into the RBV.			  
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 372-390 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.790371 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.790371 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:3:p:372-390




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bertrand Blancheton 
Author-X-Name-First: Bertrand 
Author-X-Name-Last: Blancheton 
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Author-Name: David Le Bris 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Le Bris 
Title: The French paradox: A financial crisis during the golden age of the 1960s 
Abstract:
				 The French stock market crisis of 1961-67
 was the biggest of the twentieth century after that of the 1930s. Using
 the new stock index (historical CAC 40), it is possible to get a fair idea
 of its amplitude and detail its chronology. The possibility is considered
 that the crisis of the 1960s was more of a market correction after the
 bull run of the 1950s. The fall of the stock prices is an adjustment to
 the abrupt halt of the growth of dividends, the potential impacts of
 internal political choices and of the structural characteristics of the
 French stock market during this period are also investigated.		    
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 391-413 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.800967 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.800967 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:3:p:391-413




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anthony Gandy 
Author-X-Name-First: Anthony 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gandy 
Title: Product strategy choices - Honeywell and RCA mainframe computer product strategies 1963-71 
Abstract:
				 IBM's System/360 family of mainframe
 computers has been rightly considered as one of the most ambitious product
 developments of all time. However, what of the responses to it? This paper
 looks at two companies which directly targeted IBM's customer base. One,
 Honeywell, chose to target customers of IBM's older technology offering
 backwardly compatible, updated systems, exploiting IBM's move to a new
 technology. RCA, ostensibly one of the technically capable electronics
 companies of the era, tackled IBM head-on by producing a series of systems
 compatible with IBM's latest generation equipment - a strategy of forward
 compatibility. The cases on Honeywell and RCA focus not only on their
 product strategy but also on the timing of their investments. Specifically
 it highlights that, while the concentrically diversified nature of RCA
 provided it with the ability to develop computers, RCA's investment
 decisions were based on internal resource allocation logic, not a
 market-driven logic.			    
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 414-433 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.800968 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.800968 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:3:p:414-433




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin P. Shanahan 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shanahan 
Author-Name: Kerrie Round 
Author-X-Name-First: Kerrie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Round 
Title: Transforming Australian business attitudes to competition: Responses to the <italic>Trade Practices Act</italic> 1965 
Abstract:
				 When the Australian <italic>Trade
 Practices Act</italic> 1965 came into force on 1 September 1967 it was
 vehemently opposed by business as it threatened to reveal the extent of
 their anti-competitive arrangements. Yet by the time the Act was replaced
 by stronger legislation in 1974, most firms had accepted that collusion
 and price fixing were undesirable and that they had to compete. Using
 newspapers, parliamentary debates, archival records, and the Secret
 Register of trade agreements introduced by the 1965 Act, this paper
 examines the transformation of attitudes to competition in the Australian
 business community.		      
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 434-455 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.800969 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.800969 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:3:p:434-455




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ashique Ali Jhatial 
Author-X-Name-First: Ashique Ali 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jhatial 
Author-Name: Nelarine Cornelius 
Author-X-Name-First: Nelarine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cornelius 
Author-Name: James Wallace 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wallace 
Title: Rhetorics and realities of management practices in Pakistan: Colonial, post-colonial and post-9/11 influences 
Abstract:
				 This study explores how colonial laws and
 administrative practices shaped the evolution of employment management in
 Pakistan. It identifies important mechanisms used by the British Raj (the
 period of British rule of the subcontinent) to institutionalise legal and
 administrative frameworks: the legacies of these structures continue to
 influence contemporary management practices in government sector
 organisations. This article investigates the legacy of the Raj's 'quota
 system' in the civil services and the doctrine of the 'martial race' in
 military services, both of which offered enduring structural advantages in
 the labour market to designated groups. It further considers the
 implications of the study's findings for international HRM in particular,
 but also management theory, comparative HRM and comparative management in
 post-colonial societies.			
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 456-484 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.800970 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.800970 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:3:p:456-484




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Woo Jun 
Author-X-Name-First: Woo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jun 
Author-Name: Chris Rowley 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rowley 
Title: Change and continuity in management systems and corporate performance: Human resource management, corporate culture, risk management and corporate strategy in South Korea 
Abstract:
				 Embedded traditional management systems
 can change under the influence of several forces. The 1997 Asian financial
 crisis was such an event. This paper empirically investigates changes in
 the human resource management, corporate culture, risk management and
 competitive strategy parts of management systems in the General Trading
 Companies of South Korea in terms of internal perceptions of impact on
 corporate performance. It finds both change and continuity, particularly
 in corporate culture. This indicates that cultural change in organisations
 is not an easy task, not least because it is associated with changes in
 the values, attitudes, expectations, beliefs and behaviour of people. It
 also shows the importance of disaggregating trends as there can be
 simultaneously change and continuity.			
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 485-508 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.809522 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.809522 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:3:p:485-508




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Les Hannah 
Author-X-Name-First: Les 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hannah 
Author-Name: James Foreman-Peck 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Foreman-Peck 
Title: Ownership dispersion and listing rules in companies large and small: A reply 
Abstract:
				 The contrast between the findings of the
 present authors and Cheffins, Chambers and Koustas is explained by their
 addressing different sizes of firms. Chandler's view of the relative
 incidence of the divorce of ownership from control among large firms
 remains unsupported by any quantitative evidence.		     
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 509-516 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.867331 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.867331 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:3:p:509-516




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joseph Amankwah-Amoah 
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph 
Author-X-Name-Last: Amankwah-Amoah 
Author-Name: Yaw A. Debrah 
Author-X-Name-First: Yaw A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Debrah 
Title: Air Afrique: the demise of a continental icon 
Abstract:
				 Although the rationale for multi-flag
 airlines' formation is rooted in contemporary strategic thinking, our
 understanding of their emergence and subsequent mass disappearances in the
 twentieth century remains an elusive issue. This article seeks to fill
 this void by examining the emergence, ascendency and demise of Air
 Afrique, an airline once seen as a symbol of regional integration in
 Africa. This examination takes a historical perspective and covers the
 period from 1961 to 2002. On the basis of this historical analysis, five
 distinct stages have been identified reflecting the firm's glorious days,
 precipitous decline and subsequent collapse. These are: the golden age;
 Africanisation; escalating indecision, escalating commitment and
 dissolution phases. Each phase provides insights into the deterministic
 and voluntaristic perspectives of organisational failure. The implications
 of the findings of this research for theory and practice are discussed.    
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 517-546 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.809523 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.809523 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:4:p:517-546




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eva Fern�ndez 
Author-X-Name-First: Eva 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fern�ndez 
Title: Selling agricultural products: farmers' co-operatives in production and marketing, 1880-1930 
Abstract:
				 Co-operation among farmers is believed to
 contribute to the adoption of technological advances and marketing and
 commercial innovations, and the presence of co-operatives has been
 associated with agricultural growth and higher standards of living for
 farmers. This paper looks at the extent to which co-operatives for the
 production and marketing of agricultural products diffused in 13 countries
 during 1880-1930. Despite their important advantages, co-operatives spread
 slowly in Western countries before 1930. Co-operatives were mainly adopted
 in export countries, and most of the output of these societies was
 commercialised abroad or in markets substantially distant from the
 producing areas. Co-operatives were successfully formed where one crop
 system dominated and the density of production was high.		    
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 547-568 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.809524 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.809524 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:4:p:547-568




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eoin McLaughlin 
Author-X-Name-First: Eoin 
Author-X-Name-Last: McLaughlin 
Title: 'Profligacy in the encouragement of thrift': Savings banks in Ireland, 1817-1914 
Abstract:
				 This paper studies institutional changes
 in Irish savings banks and their functionality from 1817 to 1914. These
 changes saw market incumbents, trustee savings banks, suffering from a
 loss of confidence and displaced by a functionally equivalent but
 institutionally distinct competitor, the Post Office Savings Bank. The
 paper finds that, despite significant institutional change, savings banks
 of all types were consistently loss-making. This suggests that Irish
 savings banks were subsidised. In addition, despite contemporary
 accusations of credit shortages, Irish savings banks, due to legal
 restrictions, did not engage in any private sector lending, thus arguably
 crowding out private investment.		   
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 569-591 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.837887 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.837887 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:4:p:569-591




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Edward Kasabov 
Author-X-Name-First: Edward 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kasabov 
Author-Name: Usha Sundaram 
Author-X-Name-First: Usha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sundaram 
Title: An institutional account of governance structures in early modern business history: the Coventry business (hi)story 
Abstract:
				 This paper is an account of the
 institutional mechanisms that have influenced business history in the
 early to late Middle Ages in the city of Coventry. The paper discusses
 socio-cultural, political, religious, and historical influences on the
 city's major trades during the era and incorporates analysis of governance
 structures in the form of Coventry's famous guilds which were instrumental
 in shaping the trajectory of one of England's foremost cities during the
 chronicled era. Through this examination we seek to complement and
 contribute to business history literature that is increasingly intrigued
 by business and economic activities pre-dating the industrial and
 manufacturing era, thus enriching discussion about business and
 institutional dynamics in the pre-modern era.			
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 592-622 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.837888 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.837888 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:4:p:592-622




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Author-Name: Christina Lubinski 
Author-X-Name-First: Christina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lubinski 
Title: Making 'Green Giants': Environment sustainability in the German chemical industry, 1950s-1980s 
Abstract:
				 This article examines the evolution of
 corporate environmentalism in the West German chemical industry between
 the 1950s and the 1980s. It focuses on two companies, Bayer and Henkel,
 and traces the evolution of their environmental strategies in response to
 growing evidence of pollution and resulting political pressures. Although
 German business has been regarded as pioneering corporate
 environmentalism, this study reveals major commonalities between the
 German and American chemical industries until the 1970s, when the two
 German firms diverged from their American counterparts in using public
 relations strategies not only to contain fallout from criticism, but also
 as opportunities for changes in corporate culture. The article finds no
 evidence for variety of capitalism explanations why German firms should
 have been early in their sustainability strategies, partly because of the
 importance of regional as opposed to national influences, but the study is
 supportive of organisational sociology theory about the importance of
 visibility in corporate green strategies.		     
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 623-649 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.837889 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.837889 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:4:p:623-649




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jos� M. Ortiz-Villajos 
Author-X-Name-First: Jos� M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ortiz-Villajos 
Title: Patents, what for? The case of Crossley Brothers and the introduction of the gas engine into Spain, <italic>c.</italic> 1870-1914 
Abstract:
				 This paper aims to assist in a better
 understanding of the real role of patents by examining how Crossley
 Brothers - the world's main producer of gas engines before the First World
 War - and its partners (as well as the German inventor Nikolaus Otto) used
 the patent system to introduce the gas engine into Spain. The evidence
 suggests that patents were for them mainly an instrument to protect the
 market for their imported products. It is probable that the know-how
 transferred to the local agents and the engines imported could somehow
 enhance the domestic industrial abilities, but the supposed aim of the
 patent system - creating a local industry - was not achieved. Although the
 Spanish patent system was not well implemented, this was not the main
 explanation of this failure; rather it was the weak domestic technological
 abilities.			   
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 650-676 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.837890 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.837890 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:4:p:650-676




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alex Gillett 
Author-X-Name-First: Alex 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gillett 
Title: Trademarks, brands, and competitiveness 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 677-678 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.763660 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.763660 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:4:p:677-678




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: Le p�trole et la guerre. Oil and war 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 679-680 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.764033 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.764033 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:4:p:679-680




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: La France et les Fran�ais en Russie. Nouvelles sources et approches (1815-1914) 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 680-682 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.764034 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.764034 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:4:p:680-682




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gerald Crompton 
Author-X-Name-First: Gerald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Crompton 
Title: Intervention in the modern UK brewing industry 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 682-683 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.764035 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.764035 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:4:p:682-683




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henk J. de Vries 
Author-X-Name-First: Henk J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Vries 
Author-Name: Robert M. van Wessel 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Wessel 
Title: Internet architecture and innovation 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 683-685 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.764036 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.764036 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:4:p:683-685




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Grant 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grant 
Title: Management innovation: essays in the spirit of Alfred D. Chandler, Jr. 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 685-687 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.764037 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.764037 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:4:p:685-687




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Sedgwick 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sedgwick 
Author-Name: Michael Pokorny 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pokorny 
Author-Name: Peter Miskell 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Miskell 
Title: Hollywood in the world market - evidence from Australia in the mid-1930s 
Abstract:
				 By the mid-1930s the major Hollywood
 studios had developed extensive networks of distribution subsidiaries
 across five continents. This article focuses on the operation of American
 film distributors in Australia - one of Hollywood's largest foreign
 markets. Drawing on two unique primary datasets, the article compares and
 investigates film distribution in Sydney's first-run and suburban-run
 markets. It finds that the subsidiaries of US film companies faced a
 greater liability of foreignness in the city centre market than in the
 suburban one. Our data support the argument that film audiences in local
 or suburban cinema markets were more receptive to Hollywood entertainment
 than those in metropolitan centres.			 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 689-723 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.837891 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.837891 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:5:p:689-723




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Norma S. Lanciotti 
Author-X-Name-First: Norma S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lanciotti 
Author-Name: Isabel Bartolom� 
Author-X-Name-First: Isabel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bartolom� 
Title: Global strategies, differing experiences. Electricity companies in two late-industrialising countries: Spain and Argentina, 1890-1950 
Abstract:
				 The article compares the performance and
 profitability rates of electric utility firms in Spain and Argentina from
 the early period of global electrification to the period following World
 War 2. It aims to analyse the relationship between the investment
 strategies of international electricity companies and local conditions in
 two late-industrialising countries, and evaluate its impact on the
 structure and development of both electric utility systems. The study
 finds similar long-term trends in profitability as a result of the global
 strategies of multinational holding companies; nonetheless profitability
 rates varied greatly from one country to another. Rates were higher in
 Argentina as foreign firms controlled large systems in most dynamic urban
 areas. In contrast, the increasing investment of local firms in electric
 utilities paved the way to a less profitable but more equitable
 electricity system in Spain.			   
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 724-745 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.837892 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.837892 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:5:p:724-745




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew Hollow 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hollow 
Title: Strategic inertia, financial fragility and organisational failure: The case of the Birkbeck Bank, 1870-1911 
Abstract:
				 This article looks at the key factors
 behind the failure of the Birkbeck Bank in 1911. Using a wide range of
 primary source material, it charts how the Bank emerged from its
 philanthropic roots as a mutual building society in the 1870s to go on and
 enjoy spectacular growth during the late nineteenth century before
 eventually faltering and failing in the early twentieth century.
 Throughout the analysis, particular attention is given to the investment
 decisions taken by the Bank's management and the impact that these had on
 the Bank's fortunes. In addition, the article also looks at the extent to
 which the Birkbeck Bank's overall business model differed from those of
 other banks in this period. Ultimately, what it shows is that the Bank's
 failure to modify its investment strategy quickly enough in response to
 changing market conditions - most notably the fall in the value of Consols
 and other gilt-edged securities - proved to be the decisive factor in its
 eventual collapse. For this reason, the article contends, it is
 appropriate to categorise the 1911 Birkbeck Bank failure as one caused by
 strategic inertia rather than excessive risk-taking.		       
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 746-764 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.839660 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.839660 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:5:p:746-764




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniele Pozzi 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniele 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pozzi 
Title: An elastic managerial revolution: Family, managers and multidivisional organisation at Pirelli (1943-56) 
Abstract:
				 Adopting a perspective which takes into
 account primary sources and considers the context within which the firm
 operates could be beneficial for the study of the interaction of
 structures, strategies, ownership and performances. It would help to
 consider aspects of actual management activity usually underestimated by
 theory. The case of the introduction of a multidivisional structure at
 Pirelli rubber company - reconstructed based on the personal documentation
 of a top manager, Giuseppe Luraghi - underlines how the actual struggle
 for power inside the firm lingers behind labels often considered as
 objective entities. Therefore, M-form is an elastic concept, which could
 plastically adapt itself to different empirical arrangements, following
 the bargaining among groups within the firm and between them and outside
 influences.			  
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 765-788 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.847426 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.847426 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:5:p:765-788




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sashi Sivramkrishna 
Author-X-Name-First: Sashi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sivramkrishna 
Title: From merchant to merchant-ruler: A structure-conduct-performance perspective of the East India Company's history, 1600-1765 
Abstract:
				 Many nineteenth-century historians claimed
 that the English East India Company's trade and commercial activities,
 right from inception, were never really a financially profitable
 enterprise. This argument is incorporated within an altered
 structure-conduct-performance (SCP) paradigm to rearticulate the Company's
 history between 1600 and 1765. Rather than characterising the Company as
 simply a chartered monopoly, the article instead argues that the market
 structure in which it operated was competitive or contestable but, at the
 same time, wrought with high sunk costs and free-riders. This framework
 allows us to understand why the Company desperately pursued market conduct
 strategies to gain monopoly and monopsony power in England and India
 respectively, which simultaneously contributed to its transformation from
 merchant to merchant-ruler. In this process the Company redefined not
 merely industry boundaries but also those between industry and state.	    
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 789-815 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.847427 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.847427 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:5:p:789-815




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maki Umemura 
Author-X-Name-First: Maki 
Author-X-Name-Last: Umemura 
Title: Crisis and change in the system of innovation: The Japanese pharmaceutical industry during the Lost Decades, 1990-2010 
Abstract:
				 This article uses the experience of the
 Japanese pharmaceutical industry to show how Japan's national system of
 innovation evolved from a closed, firm-based domestic system toward a more
 open, networked, global system. This occurred in the face of a crisis of
 economic and technological dimensions. During the Lost Decades, the nature
 of innovation in this industry shifted from incremental toward more
 radical innovation, as the system internationalised and as firms leveraged
 different environments around the world. This article highlights the
 varying roles that the components of the system of innovation play in
 shaping innovative industries. It also shows how institutions can be
 remarkably malleable in times of crisis.		   
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 816-844 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.847428 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.847428 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:5:p:816-844




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leslie Hannah 
Author-X-Name-First: Leslie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hannah 
Title: The Rise of the Modern Firm 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 845-846 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.764039 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.764039 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:5:p:845-846




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard R. John 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: John 
Title: The computer boys take over: computers, programmers, and the politics of technical expertise 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 846-847 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.764040 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.764040 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:5:p:846-847




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ali Kabiri 
Author-X-Name-First: Ali 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kabiri 
Title: The Essential P/E: Understanding the Stock Market through the price-earnings ratio 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 847-849 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.764041 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.764041 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:5:p:847-849




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Neville Kirk 
Author-X-Name-First: Neville 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kirk 
Title: A business and labour history of Britain: case studies of Britain in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 849-851 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.764042 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.764042 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:5:p:849-851




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Josephine Maltby 
Author-X-Name-First: Josephine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maltby 
Title: Wall Street women 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 851-852 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.764043 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.764043 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:5:p:851-852




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ranald Michie 
Author-X-Name-First: Ranald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Michie 
Title: Money over two centuries: Selected topics in British monetary history 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 852-853 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.764044 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.764044 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:5:p:852-853




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Siobhan Talbott 
Author-X-Name-First: Siobhan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Talbott 
Title: 'Merely for Money'? Business culture in the British Atlantic, 1750-1850 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 853-855 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.764045 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.764045 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:5:p:853-855




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kevin D. Tennent 
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tennent 
Title: When the shopping was good: Woolworths and the Irish main street 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 855-857 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.764046 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.764046 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:5:p:855-857




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alex Gillett 
Author-X-Name-First: Alex 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gillett 
Title: Inside the illicit economy: reconstructing the smugglers' trade of sixteenth century Bristol 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 857-858 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.764192 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.764192 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:5:p:857-858




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Catherine Desbarats 
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Desbarats 
Title: Commerce by a frozen sea. Native Americans and the European fur trade 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 858-860 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.828421 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.828421 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:5:p:858-860




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Les Hannah 
Author-X-Name-First: Les 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hannah 
Title: Corporations in the US and Europe 1790-1860 
Abstract:
 Sylla and Wright's statistics of new US special incorporations in
 1790-1860 show that they exceeded those in France, Prussia and the UK, but
 the aggregate paid-up share capitals of extant companies were not so far
 apart in 1860. The UK continued to lead corporatisation, as measured by
 the ratio of corporate share capital to GDP. The distinctive features of
 US corporations were that they were small, diverse and numerous, while UK
 corporations were larger, more capital-intensive, less prone to disappear
 and had more dispersed ownership.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 865-899 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.837893 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.837893 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:6:p:865-899




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Eug�nia Mata 
Author-X-Name-First: Maria Eug�nia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mata 
Author-Name: J.C. Rodrigues da Costa 
Author-X-Name-First: J.C. Rodrigues 
Author-X-Name-Last: da Costa 
Title: From finance to management: Rui Ennes Ulrich, a Portuguese scholar of the early twentieth century 
Abstract:
 Finance is usually considered to be a complex science, made up of
 unsatisfactory explanations interpreting the mystery and volatility of
 financial markets. Expectations, the mood of the market, as well as
 investment strategies to manage diversified portfolios, are intimidating
 issues for most people even today. This paper describes how early
 twentieth-century globalisation framed a network of stock exchanges, from
 local to regional and national scale, stimulating scientific knowledge on
 equities, shares, securities, bonds, debentures, transactions, and risk
 premiums. Both individuals and institutional investors needed financial
 education. In Portugal Ruy Ennes Ullrich wrote his doctoral dissertation
 on stock exchanges and financial markets. His book was published in
 Coimbra in 1906, by the University Press. This paper analyses his
 contributions in the context of the available literature, and his
 management performance.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 900-914 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.809525 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.809525 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:6:p:900-914




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Neil Rollings 
Author-X-Name-First: Neil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rollings 
Title: The twilight world of British business politics: The Spring Sunningdale conferences since the 1960s 
Abstract:
 This article explores a previously unknown form of interaction, known as
 Spring Sunningdale, between the British business elite and its civil
 servant equivalent in Whitehall. These began in 1963 and were still
 continuing only a few years ago. The continuity and stability of these
 meetings stands in contrast to wider changes in the nature of
 business-government relations in Britain during this period, particularly
 since the election of the Thatcher government in 1979. The article
 analyses why there was such continuity and what the senior civil servants
 and the captains of industry who attended these annual meetings gained
 from them.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 915-935 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.847429 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.847429 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:6:p:915-935




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul A. Grout 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grout 
Author-Name: Andrew Jenkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jenkins 
Author-Name: Anna Zalewska 
Author-X-Name-First: Anna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zalewska 
Title: Regulatory valuation of public utilities: A case study of the twentieth century 
Abstract:
 This paper analyses the regulatory attitudes to asset valuation in the
 twentieth century. It focuses in particular on the US experience from
 <italic>Smith v Ames 169 US 466 (1898)</italic> to <italic>Federal Power
 Commission v Hope Natural Gas 320 US 591 (</italic><italic>1944</italic>)
 and on the experience in the UK in last two decades of the century. It is
 shown that movements in capital goods prices in the US had a significant
 impact on regulatory decisions, e.g., regulators were more likely to
 choose original cost as the regulatory valuation when replacement cost was
 high. In the UK regulatory agencies moved through valuations increasingly
 less favourable to the companies from a traditional historic cost model to
 an 'original cost' model based on flotation value. Far from displaying
 regulatory capture, the evidence is consistent with robust regulation
 against 'monopoly' incumbents.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 936-955 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.848340 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.848340 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:6:p:936-955




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mike Adams 
Author-X-Name-First: Mike 
Author-X-Name-Last: Adams 
Author-Name: Lars Fredrik Andersson 
Author-X-Name-First: Lars Fredrik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersson 
Author-Name: Philip Hardwick 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hardwick 
Author-Name: Magnus Lindmark 
Author-X-Name-First: Magnus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lindmark 
Title: Firm size and growth in Sweden's life insurance market between 1855 and 1947: A test of Gibrat's law 
Abstract:
 Using data for the period from 1855 to 1947 and the two sub-periods,
 1855-1902 and 1903-47, the article examines whether the organic growth
 rates of 38 Swedish life insurance firms are independent of size, as
 predicted by Gibrat's (1931) Law of Proportionate Effects. Using panel
 unit root tests and panel Generalised Method of Moments (GMM) regression,
 the article finds a significant difference between the growth rates of
 small and large Swedish life insurance firms (with smaller firms tending
 to grow faster than larger firms), a result that clearly contradicts
 Gibrat's Law as a long-run tendency in the Swedish life insurance sector.
 significant influences were also found on firm growth from profitability,
 organisational form, reinsurance, the real rate of interest and the
 Swedish regulatory environment.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 956-974 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.848341 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.848341 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:6:p:956-974




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lee Moerman 
Author-X-Name-First: Lee 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moerman 
Author-Name: Sandra van der Laan 
Author-X-Name-First: Sandra 
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Laan 
Author-Name: David Campbell 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Campbell 
Title: A tale of two asbestos giants: Corporate reports as (auto)biography 
Abstract:
 Annual reports are situated artefacts which relate a longitudinal grand
 narrative or corporate (auto)biography. This paper explores the narrative
 reporting of two former asbestos manufacturers, Turner & Newall in the UK
 and James Hardie in Australia. Asbestos features prominently in the
 industrial expansion and decline of both companies as the toxic health
 effects of this 'magic mineral' became evident over time. This paper finds
 evidence of several distinct phases of reporting of asbestos, from
 reporting it as a source of unmitigated value, to a source of risk and
 finally as a threat to corporate viability. Each stage erased or
 re-situated the prior story of asbestos so that users of individual annual
 reports may be unaware of the grand narrative of asbestos in its
 transformation from 'magic mineral to killer dust'.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 975-995 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.848857 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.848857 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:6:p:975-995




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonas Scherner 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scherner 
Author-Name: Jochen Streb 
Author-X-Name-First: Jochen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Streb 
Author-Name: Stephanie Tilly 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephanie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tilly 
Title: Supplier networks in the German aircraft industry during World War II and their long-term effects on West Germany's automobile industry during the 'Wirtschaftswunder' 
Abstract:
 Reconstructing the complex supplier network of the famous JU 88 air
 armament programme, this article shows that outsourcing activities
 increased considerably in wartime Germany. The resulting inter-firm
 division of labour did not lead only to a quite effective protection of
 the German aircraft production against Allied air raids but also
 contributed to enormous labour productivity growth in most stages of the
 production process. Even though aircraft production was prohibited in
 post-war Germany, this supplier network survived and became the backbone
 of the most spectacular symbol of West Germany's economic rebirth: the
 automobile industry.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 996-1020 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.850671 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.850671 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:6:p:996-1020




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gabriel Tortella 
Author-X-Name-First: Gabriel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tortella 
Title: El Banco de Barcelona (1844-1874), historia de un banco emisor 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1021-1022 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.828422 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.828422 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:6:p:1021-1022




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juan Santiago Correa 
Author-X-Name-First: Juan Santiago 
Author-X-Name-Last: Correa 
Title: Empresariado en Colombia: perspectiva hist�rica y regional 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1022-1024 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.828423 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.828423 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:6:p:1022-1024




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tirthankar Roy 
Author-X-Name-First: Tirthankar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Roy 
Title: Financing the Raj: the City of London and colonial India 1858-1940 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1024-1026 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.828424 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.828424 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:6:p:1024-1026




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Oscar Gelderblom 
Author-X-Name-First: Oscar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gelderblom 
Title: Institutions and European trade: merchants guilds, 1000-1800 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1026-1028 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.828425 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.828425 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:6:p:1026-1028




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: L'entreprise et sa m�moire. M�langes en l'honneur de Maurice Hamon 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1028-1030 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.828426 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.828426 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:6:p:1028-1030




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: Le biscuit et son march�. Olibet, LU et les autres marques depuis 1850 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1030-1031 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.828427 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.828427 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:6:p:1030-1031




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: Occupation, �puration, reconstruction. Le monde de l'entreprise au Havre (1940-1950) 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1031-1033 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.828428 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.828428 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:6:p:1031-1033




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: Pme et grandes entreprises en Europe du Nord-Ouest (xix-super-e-xx-super-e si�cles). Activit�s, strat�gies et performance 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1033-1034 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.828429 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.828429 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:6:p:1033-1034




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James R. Brennan 
Author-X-Name-First: James R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brennan 
Title: The Karimjee Jivanjee family: merchant princes of East Africa 1800-2000 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1034-1036 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.828434 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.828434 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:6:p:1034-1036




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John K. Walton 
Author-X-Name-First: John K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Walton 
Title: Family firm, health resort and industrial colony: The grand hotel and mineral springs at Mondariz Balneario, Spain, 1873-1932 
Abstract:
 There is a considerable literature on histories of family businesses, but
 very little dealing with the tourism and hospitality sector, despite
 growing recognition of its importance. This case study of a Spanish
 mineral springs resort between the 1870s and the 1930s sets the trajectory
 of Mondariz Balneario, Galicia, a family-run spa hotel with an elite
 clientele, in national and international context. It seeks to explain the
 resort's inter-generational success in terms of amenity, paternalism,
 imaginative publicity and networking, and a conscious quest for what would
 later be called sustainability, with added ingredients of Galician
 cultural patriotism and integration into the wider regional economy.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1037-1056 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.839661 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.839661 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:7:p:1037-1056




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alessandra Tessari 
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandra 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tessari 
Author-Name: Andrew Godley 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Godley 
Title: Made in Italy. Made in Britain. Quality, brands and innovation in the European poultry market, 1950-80 
Abstract:
 This paper compares the development of the poultry industry in Italy with
 the UK. Earlier research has suggested that the UK poultry industry
 developed a symbiotic relationship with the emerging supermarket
 retailers. Italy had a retarded supermarket sector. Its distribution
 system favoured small-scale, independent butchers rather than chains of
 self-service supermarkets. Despite this the Italian poultry industry also
 modernised, adopting US technologies. The catalyst for this modernisation
 was technological innovation in refrigeration technologies that enabled
 Italian consumers and independent retailers to be persuaded of the merits
 of the new 'technological' chicken. While the Italian market has become
 dominated by AIA and Amadori in recent years, the key innovators were the
 entrepreneurs that created the company called Arena.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1057-1083 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.850672 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.850672 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:7:p:1057-1083




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gunnar Lind Haase Svendsen 
Author-X-Name-First: Gunnar Lind Haase 
Author-X-Name-Last: Svendsen 
Title: Associational autonomy or political influence? The case of the cooperation between the Danish Dairies' Buttermark Association and the Danish state, 1900-1912 
Abstract:
 Studies show that it may be risky for business associations to cooperate
 with the state. Trapped in a dilemma between a 'logic of membership' and a
 'logic of influence', these associations may obtain political influence
 from cooperation but only at the risk of losing their associational
 autonomy, which often leads to dissatisfaction among members. This article
 presents an illustrative example of the loss of associational autonomy
 within the context of agricultural corporatism, namely the cooperation
 between the Buttermark Association (BA) and the Danish state on a
 law-supported branch trademark for all Danish butter intended to ensure
 high quality and hinder the fraudulent sale and adulteration of milk. This
 trademark is the famous lur brand required by Danish law from 1906 and
 still in use today.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1084-1110 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.850673 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.850673 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:7:p:1084-1110




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eoin Drea 
Author-X-Name-First: Eoin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Drea 
Title: A gamble forced upon them? A re-appraisal of Ulster Bank's operations in Southern Ireland 1921-32 
Abstract:
 Ulster Bank faced a unique set of circumstances following the Anglo-Irish
 Treaty of December 1921. Although headquartered in Belfast with a strongly
 Unionist ethos, Ulster Bank continued to operate its considerable branch
 network in Southern Ireland notwithstanding partition, civil war and
 significant economic dislocation. This historical analysis considers
 Ulster Bank's operations in the context of both the realities of operating
 in a Catholic-dominated Irish Free State and the relationship with its
 owner, London County & Westminster Bank. This research challenges the
 dominant opinion that the Belfast Boycott of 1920-22 had a significant
 impact on Ulster Bank's southern business. It also identifies that Ulster
 Bank was subject to a previously unidentified level of external oversight
 from Westminster Bank from the mid-1920s on. This oversight, on occasion,
 resulted in direct confrontation and compromised Ulster Bank's ability to
 operate independently in Southern Ireland.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1111-1128 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.850674 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.850674 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:7:p:1111-1128




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Edwin J. Perkins 
Author-X-Name-First: Edwin J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Perkins 
Title: In the eye of the storm: Isaac Seligman and the panic of 1873 
Abstract:
 This paper focuses on the activities of the Seligman investment banking
 firm during an intense six-week period following the outbreak of the panic
 of 1873 in New York City. Because of their conservative business
 strategies, the partners did not experience any genuinely serious
 financial stress. The firm's ability to facilitate monetary transatlantic
 transfers helped to ease credit conditions in the New York and London
 financial sectors. The text also cites evidence arguing that the US
 economy experienced a two-year recession rather than a major depression in
 the 1870s.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1129-1142 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.851829 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.851829 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:7:p:1129-1142




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sam McKinstry 
Author-X-Name-First: Sam 
Author-X-Name-Last: McKinstry 
Author-Name: Ying Yong Ding 
Author-X-Name-First: Ying Yong 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ding 
Author-Name: Ron Livingstone 
Author-X-Name-First: Ron 
Author-X-Name-Last: Livingstone 
Title: Anatomy of a rural meat operation: The family values/firm strategy nexus at Jackson's of Symington, c.1890-1981 
Abstract:
 Addressing current concerns in the academic literature regarding family
 business, this study traces the development of Jackson's, a firm which
 became Scotland's leading producers of sheep meat by the late 1920s,
 fulfilling this role until 1981. The paper examines the firm's progress
 from its startup before 1900 to 1933, when it abandoned its cattle-dealing
 interests to specialise in the production of lamb and mutton, principally
 for the London wholesale markets, which it served by means of rail
 transportation. After 1954, the firm greatly increased its throughput to
 meet the growing demands of the post-war economy, but by the late 1970s,
 increasing difficulties associated with the EEC caused a deterioration in
 trading conditions and results and the firm withdrew from the market in
 1981. The paper focuses on the family influence on strategic direction and
 implementation.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1143-1168 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.867329 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.867329 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:7:p:1143-1168




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Carr 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carr 
Author-Name: Andrew Lorenz 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lorenz 
Title: Robust strategies: lessons from GKN 1759-2013 
Abstract:
 GKN is Britain's surviving top 50 company from 1905, a flourishing world
 top-player in automotive and aero components. This article traces 254
 years of its development, domestically and internationally, drawing on
 corporate access and the author's worldwide field research since 1974, and
 three in-depth business histories including one by the co-author. Lessons
 confirm just some traits expected of successful 'Built To Last' (BTL)
 companies. However, GKN's 'robust' sustained strategy also reflects
 financial conservatism; constant adaptation to its historical and
 competitive context; highly proactive internationalisation and, from 1902
 onwards, a determination to develop always at least 'three major business
 legs' to survive evolutionary processes as sectors mature and consolidate
 globally.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1169-1195 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.876531 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.876531 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:7:p:1169-1195




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Smith 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith 
Title: The development of American finance 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1196-1197 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.828432 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.828432 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:7:p:1196-1197




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David L. Stearns 
Author-X-Name-First: David L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stearns 
Title: The digital flood: the diffusion of information technology across the U.S., Europe, and Asia 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1197-1198 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.828433 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.828433 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:7:p:1197-1198




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mar�a Fern�ndez Moya 
Author-X-Name-First: Mar�a Fern�ndez 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moya 
Title: The new multinationals: Spanish firms in a global context 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1198-1200 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.828435 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.828435 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:7:p:1198-1200




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elena San Rom�n 
Author-X-Name-First: Elena 
Author-X-Name-Last: San Rom�n 
Author-Name: Paloma Fern�ndez P�rez 
Author-X-Name-First: Paloma 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fern�ndez P�rez 
Author-Name: �gueda Gil L�pez 
Author-X-Name-First: �gueda 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gil L�pez 
Title: As old as history: Family-controlled business groups in transport services: the case of SEUR 
Abstract:
 This article presents empirical evidence about the contribution of
 family-controlled business groups as highly efficient alternatives to the
 large vertically integrated and professionally managed corporation in
 specific institutional and market environments. This hypothesis is tested
 with a single case study, SEUR, in the Spanish transport services sector.
 SEUR is one of the most prominent Spanish courier companies. It was
 founded during Franco's dictatorship, expanded in democratic times, and
 imaginatively adapted to the financial challenges of the late
 globalisation at the end of the twentieth century, while maintaining the
 traditional values based on personal trust and family ties.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1201-1222 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.851523 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.851523 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:8:p:1201-1222




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Casson 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Casson 
Author-Name: Catherine Casson 
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Casson 
Title: The history of entrepreneurship: Medieval origins of a modern phenomenon 
Abstract:
 The origins of enterprise are often associated with the Industrial
 Revolution, but this article presents evidence of entrepreneurial
 activities from a much earlier date - the medieval period. Between 1250
 and 1500 the church, merchants and members of the royal court all engaged
 in activities that demonstrated the entrepreneurial characteristics of
 innovation, risk-taking and judgement. The activities of the prior of
 Tynemouth and the career of the wool merchant William de la Pole
 illustrate these developments. By focusing on individuals rather than
 firms, it is possible to push back the study of entrepreneurship beyond
 the Industrial Revolution and early-modern trade to a period that
 witnessed the origins of the modern state.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1223-1242 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.867330 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.867330 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:8:p:1223-1242




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joan Carles Cirer-Costa 
Author-X-Name-First: Joan Carles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cirer-Costa 
Title: Majorca's tourism cluster: The creation of an industrial district, 1919-36 
Abstract:
 The Balearic Islands today form the largest tourism cluster in the
 Mediterranean, an extensive industrial district whose origins date back
 more than a century. This article explores the key period during which the
 hotels and travel firms built up their relations of cooperation and
 competition which explain the subsequent dynamism of the island's tourist
 trade and its remarkable expansion in the second half of the twentieth
 century.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1243-1261 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.876532 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.876532 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:8:p:1243-1261




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Qing Lu 
Author-X-Name-First: Qing 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lu 
Title: Is the speed of post-acquisition integration manageable? Case study: post-acquisition integration of HSBC with the Mercantile Bank, 1959-84 
Abstract:
 This study aims to fill in the gaps in existing business history research
 regarding post-acquisition integration by adopting a case study of the
 post-acquisition integration process between HSBC and Mercantile Bank (MB)
 1959-84. It explores the impact of the institutional environment and
 organisational transformation on the speed of integration and tries to
 explain why the integration between HSBC and MB took so long. This study
 may also give some indications to the current emerging multinational
 companies (MNCs) from the developing countries.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1262-1280 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.876533 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.876533 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:8:p:1262-1280




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adriana Castagnoli 
Author-X-Name-First: Adriana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Castagnoli 
Title: Across borders and beyond boundaries: How the Olivetti Company became a multinational 
Abstract:
 'Ing. C. Olivetti & Co.', the office machine producer founded in 1908, is
 one of the few Italian enterprises that was quick to set up a process of
 internationalisation both in European markets and in other continents.
 This article shows the evolution of Olivetti as a multinational business
 from its origins until the 1960s when the manufacturer was owned and
 controlled by the Olivetti family. It focuses on the role that
 'entrepreneurial cognition' plays in shaping business as the company
 pursues new business opportunities across borders. It argues that the
 internationalisation of Olivetti was pursued in at least three ways: (1)
 as exploitation of entrepreneurial opportunities in response to major
 historical events, local and global tensions; (2) as the result of
 entrepreneurial perceived high self-efficacy; and (3) as consequence of
 heuristic decision-making processes.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1281-1311 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.876534 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.876534 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:8:p:1281-1311




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: Europeanised French bankers? (From the 1830s to the 1970s) 
Abstract:
 Our text does not intend to develop a history of French banks'
 Europeanisation, but instead to scrutinise the mentalities of French
 bankers, in order to determine whether they were confined to relationships
 with French business or embedded within networks of personal relations
 with their European colleagues. Did some French bankers follow a career
 more oriented\ towards international activities and were they involved in
 international travels? Were some bankers committed to designing European
 strategies and thereafter to implement them through a direct presence in
 those foreign countries? Did some bankers emerge as key managers of
 Europeanised strategies and what was their influence within their banking
 firms? Of course, answers will be relevant to the chronological stages, to
 assess, for example, whether the decline of the <italic>Haute
 Banque</italic> houses was unfavourable to Europeanisation, to analyse how
 the new joint stock banks adopted a Europeanised business model, and
 whether deposits banks and investment banks (<italic>banques
 d'affaires</italic>) reacted differently in response to Europeanised
 strategies and a new way of life.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1312-1334 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.894023 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.894023 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:8:p:1312-1334




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Liselotte Eriksson 
Author-X-Name-First: Liselotte 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eriksson 
Title: Beneficiaries or policyholders? The role of women in Swedish life insurance 1900-1950 
Abstract:
 In the second half of the nineteenth century, women were depicted as
 dependents and beneficiaries and men as breadwinners and policyholders in
 Swedish life insurance sales promotions. Furthermore, life insurance was
 assumed to be a middle-class concern. The notion of the life insurance
 policyholder as 'middle class' and 'male' was first contested with the
 introduction of industrial life insurance, i.e. life insurance for the
 working classes and also, to a large extent, the rural population in
 Sweden. The industrial life insurance business contributed to the growth
 of a large proportion of female life insurance policyholders from the
 rural and working classes. This article illuminates the contrast between
 ideological representations of women as the opponents of life insurance in
 sales promotions and the real actions and roles of women in business
 history.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1335-1360 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.894980 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.894980 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:8:p:1335-1360




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Edwards 
Author-X-Name-First: Roy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards 
Author-Name: Anthony Gandy 
Author-X-Name-First: Anthony 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gandy 
Title: Navigating the M-Form: Product Scope Review and the development of the General Electric Computer Department 
Abstract:
 This article seeks to explore the process whereby General Electric (GE)
 entered the computer industry during the mid-late 1950s. We explore the
 articulation of an internally contested business model through the study
 of the Product Scope Review (PSR) meeting which took place in October
 1957. The article provides evidence of the difficulties surrounding the
 management of complex high technology industry in a large multi-divisional
 firm with competing calls on resources, and where a fundamental new
 technology disrupts established product lines. GE's attempt to manage the
 M-Form highlights the contradictions between decentralisation and a desire
 to retain vertical and horizontal economies.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1361-1379 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.898631 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.898631 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:8:p:1361-1379




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Terry Gourvish 
Author-X-Name-First: Terry 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gourvish 
Title: The Pennsylvania Railroad. Volume 1: building an empire, 1846-1917 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1380-1381 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.828436 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.828436 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:8:p:1380-1381




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alex Gillett 
Author-X-Name-First: Alex 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gillett 
Title: The rise of marketing and market research 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1381-1382 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.828437 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.828437 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:8:p:1381-1382




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Margrit M�ller 
Author-X-Name-First: Margrit 
Author-X-Name-Last: M�ller 
Title: Un cartel parfait: reseaux, R&D et profits dans l'industrie Suisse des cables 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1382-1383 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.828438 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.828438 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:8:p:1382-1383




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ranald Michie 
Author-X-Name-First: Ranald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Michie 
Title: Wall street: A history 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1384-1385 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 56 
Year: 2014 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.828439 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.828439 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:56:y:2014:i:8:p:1384-1385




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Abe de Jong 
Author-X-Name-First: Abe de 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jong 
Author-Name: David Michael Higgins 
Author-X-Name-First: David Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Higgins 
Title: New business history? 
Abstract:
 This editorial introduces eight articles for the special issue on 'New
 business history?'. Following a workshop on this topic, several
 submissions with discussions on business history methodology and studies
 with non-standard historical approaches were received and reviewed. In the
 editorial we provide an overview of recent debates in the discipline and
 provide a short introduction to the articles accepted for publication in
 this special issue.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-4 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.977868 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.977868 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:1:p:1-4




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Abe de Jong 
Author-X-Name-First: Abe 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Jong 
Author-Name: David Michael Higgins 
Author-X-Name-First: David Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Higgins 
Author-Name: Hugo van Driel 
Author-X-Name-First: Hugo 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Driel 
Title: Towards a new business history? 
Abstract:
 This article calls for a discussion about business history research. We
 advocate that the current typical approach in business history -
 dominantly case study analysis - maintains its prominent position, but the
 purpose and relevance of this type of research in the scientific method
 for business history is made more explicit. Moreover, the article proposes
 the application of additional approaches in business history, which
 specifically aim to develop theory and test hypotheses. These approaches
 are well established in the social sciences, but require adaptation to the
 particular needs of business history. The purpose of this article is to
 argue that opportunities for scientific explanations in business history
 are enhanced by engagement with the circle of knowledge creation where
 theory is confronted with empirical evidence and empirical observations
 feed back into theory formation.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 5-29 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.977869 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.977869 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:1:p:5-29




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephanie Decker 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephanie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Decker 
Author-Name: Matthias Kipping 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthias 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kipping 
Author-Name: R. Daniel Wadhwani 
Author-X-Name-First: R. Daniel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wadhwani 
Title: New business histories! Plurality in business history research methods 
Abstract:
 We agree with de Jong et al.'s argument that business historians should
 make their methods more explicit and welcome a more general debate about
 the most appropriate methods for business historical research. But rather
 than advocating <italic>one</italic> 'new business history', we argue that
 contemporary debates about methodology in business history need greater
 appreciation for the diversity of approaches that have developed in the
 last decade. And while the hypothesis-testing framework prevalent in the
 mainstream social sciences favoured by de Jong et al. should have its
 place among these methodologies, we identify a number of additional
 streams of research that can legitimately claim to have contributed novel
 methodological insights by broadening the range of interpretative and
 qualitative approaches to business history. Thus, we reject privileging a
 single method, whatever it may be, and argue instead in favour of
 recognising the plurality of methods being developed and used by business
 historians - both within their own field and as a basis for interactions
 with others.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 30-40 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.977870 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.977870 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrea Whittle 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea 
Author-X-Name-Last: Whittle 
Author-Name: John Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Title: Ethnomethodology and the production of history: studying 'history-in-action' 
Abstract:
 According to Lynch, in his article <italic>Ethnomethodology and
 History</italic>, ethnomethodology offers a rich and valuable resource for
 studying the <italic>in situ</italic> production of history. In this
 article, we seek to lay out a research agenda for a 'new business history'
 that uses ethnomethodology to study 'history-in-action'. Our aim is to
 show how an ethnomethodological history can be used to study the practical
 work of those tasked with 'making history'. We discuss the value of
 ethnomethodology for core business history methods, including the
 production and use of historical archives and written records, the
 treatment of witness memories, (auto)-biographies and testimonies, and the
 production of official versions of past events from diverse historical
 sources of evidence. We conclude by outlining the potential of
 ethnomethodology as a distinct paradigm of enquiry, which marks it out
 from conventional social scientific approaches to the relationship between
 empirical evidence and theory-building, by discussing: (1) the value of
 studying the practical reasoning procedures used for generating and
 interpreting historical evidence; and (2) the value of opening up new
 forms of reflective practice for practitioners within the field.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 41-63 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.977871 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.977871 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrea Colli 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colli 
Author-Name: Michelangelo Vasta 
Author-X-Name-First: Michelangelo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vasta 
Title: Large and entangled: Italian business groups in the long run 
Abstract:
 This article, by using both a qualitative and quantitative approach,
 focuses on large business groups (BGs) in Italy. It provides a methodology
 of analysis which aims at re-constructing the boundaries and the relevance
 of BGs in a national economy in the long-run, identifying a
 country-specific taxonomy of both their forms and the rationales (logics)
 for their existence. By adopting an original methodology, that is the
 network analysis, and by using a large and comprehensive dataset
 (Imita.db), this article also provides some proxy measures of the
 relevance of the largest BGs in the Italian economy, something which has
 never been done before in Italian business history research. The analysis
 clearly shows the persistence of large and entangled BGs in the Italian
 economy. It confirms that this particular form of business organisation is
 neither limited to the less developed countries, nor is simply a second
 best functional substitute of the multi-divisional form diffused in the
 liberal market economies. Finally, this article also suggests a research
 itinerary which can also be fruitfully applied in business history to
 other specific cases.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 64-96 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.977872 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.977872 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:1:p:64-96




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Higgins 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Higgins 
Author-Name: Steven Toms 
Author-X-Name-First: Steven 
Author-X-Name-Last: Toms 
Author-Name: Igor Filatotchev 
Author-X-Name-First: Igor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Filatotchev 
Title: Ownership, financial strategy and performance: the Lancashire cotton textile industry, 1918-1938 
Abstract:
 This article assesses the validity of John Maynard Keynes' claim that the
 Lancashire cotton industry failed to restructure because the banks as debt
 holders prevented firms exiting the industry, creating persistent
 over-capacity. Using case studies from a substantial sample of Lancashire
 firms, the article explores archival evidence to establish their financial
 characteristics, to examine their equity and debt finance and the
 governance roles of directors and outside ownerhip groups. On the basis of
 this review the article develops hypotheses to suggest alternatives to the
 view that bank debt was the dominant explantion of firm level behaviour
 and industry failure. Applying these to a statistical dataset, results
 show that syndicates of local shareholders, <italic>not</italic> banks,
 were an important impediment to the exit of firms. Moreover, syndicates
 milked firms of any profits through dividends, thereby limiting
 reinvestment and re-equipment possibilities. Our results show that where
 laissez-faire fails in response to a crisis, incumbent investors,
 particularly block-holders, can be an important impediment to corporate
 restructuring.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 97-121 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.977873 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.977873 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arjen Mulder 
Author-X-Name-First: Arjen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mulder 
Author-Name: Gerarda Westerhuis 
Author-X-Name-First: Gerarda 
Author-X-Name-Last: Westerhuis 
Title: The determinants of bank internationalisation in times of financial globalisation: evidence from the world's largest banks, 1980-2007 
Abstract:
 This article analyses the determinants of bank internationalisation, of
 the world's largest banks from the period 1980-2007. The purpose of the
 article is twofold. First, we show how a mixed-methods research design, in
 which we combine a variables-based research with three case studies, can
 contribute to the field of business history. The variables-based research
 helps to detect general trends, but the statistical analysis alone only
 provides a limited understanding of the factors that drive the trends. By
 analysing selected case studies, we provide a context within which the
 statistical results are better understood. The second purpose is to
 understand trends in the internationalisation strategies of banks from
 different regions, and during different time periods. Contrasting with
 prior research, we find that Japanese and US banks have exhibited
 different internationalisation pattern as opposed to the European banks.
 Also, the determinants of bank internationalisation differ in importance
 over time. Using case studies, we show the importance of the changing
 regulatory environment.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 122-155 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.977874 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.977874 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Graham Brownlow 
Author-X-Name-First: Graham 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brownlow 
Title: Back to the failure: an analytic narrative of the De Lorean debacle 
Abstract:
 There has been a recent identification of a need for a New Business
 History. This discussion connects with the analytic narrative approach. By
 following this approach, the study of business history provides important
 implications for the conduct and institutional design of contemporary
 industrial policy. The approach also allows us to solve historical
 puzzles. The failure of the De Lorean Motor Company Limited (DMCL) is one
 specific puzzle. Journalistic accounts that focus on John De Lorean's
 alleged personality defects as an explanation for this failure miss the
 crucial institutional component. Moreover, distortions in the rewards
 associated with industrial policy, and the fact that the objectives of the
 institutions implementing the policy were not solely efficiency-based, led
 to increased opportunities for rent-seeking. Political economy solves the
 specific puzzle; by considering institutional dimensions, we can also
 solve the more general puzzle of why activist industrial policy was
 relatively unsuccessful in Northern Ireland.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 156-181 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.977875 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.977875 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Garnett 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Garnett 
Author-Name: Simon Mollan 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mollan 
Author-Name: R. Alexander Bentley 
Author-X-Name-First: R. Alexander 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bentley 
Title: Complexity in history: modelling the organisational demography of the British banking sector 
Abstract:
 Using a new historical data set on the 'population' of British Banks for
 the last 200 years, we consider why, since its peak of approximately 1100
 banks 1810, the population of British banks has declined to its present
 day population of less that 100. We hypothesise that amalgamation became
 an advantageous way for banks to expand, and use an agent-based simulation
 to test this hypothesis against the baking data. We are unable to falsify
 the hypothesis and show that the simulation reproduces many aspects of the
 real data with the minimum of assumptions.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 182-202 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.977876 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.977876 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:1:p:182-202




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arjan van Rooij 
Author-X-Name-First: Arjan 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Rooij 
Title: Sisyphus in business: Success, failure and the different types of failure 
Abstract:
 By studying three cases of obvious failure (Nokia, Baan and LG Philips
 Displays), this article identifies three causes of failure in business
 (fallibility, error and flaw) and defines three types of failing firms
 from these causes (Icari, Fools and Rogues). In this way, this article
 provides a simple typology of failure, enhancing our understanding of this
 phenomenon. All too often failure is approached as something to avoid and
 as something distinctly negative. Being in business is a Sisyphean
 mission; it is a continuing struggle, and this struggle is the essence of
 business, not becoming successful and not avoiding failure.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 203-223 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.909808 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.909808 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sue Bowden 
Author-X-Name-First: Sue 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bowden 
Author-Name: David M. Higgins 
Author-X-Name-First: David M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Higgins 
Title: Investment decision-making and industrial performance: The British wool industry during the interwar years 
Abstract:
 As exogenous shocks impact on industry we believe it timely to revisit the
 experience of two 'staple' industries during the interwar period: cotton
 and wool textiles. Using a variety of under- explored primary source
 materials we argue that the ability to withstand the shocks of the
 interwar years was largely dependent on prior investment decisions. In
 cotton textiles the re floatation boom precluded strategic flexibility and
 encouraged collusion. The absence of such behaviour in wool textiles
 fostered competition and the pursuit of a successful marketing policy.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 224-240 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.898632 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.898632 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alex Gillett 
Author-X-Name-First: Alex 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gillett 
Title: The world's key industry 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 335-336 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.878556 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.878556 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Josephine Maltby 
Author-X-Name-First: Josephine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maltby 
Title: Beggar thy neighbour: a history of usury and debt 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 336-337 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.878557 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.878557 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tom�s Fern�ndez-de-Sevilla 
Author-X-Name-First: Tom�s 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fern�ndez-de-Sevilla 
Title: The people's car: a global history of the Volkswagen Beetle 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 337-339 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.878559 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.878559 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: Diriger une grande entreprise au xx-super-e si�cle. L'�lite industrielle fran�aise 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 339-341 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.1000633 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.1000633 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Farzana Nahid 
Author-X-Name-First: Farzana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nahid 
Title: Understanding Family Businesses: Undiscovered approaches, unique perspectives and neglected topics 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 341-343 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.880212 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.880212 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richerd Croucher 
Author-X-Name-First: Richerd 
Author-X-Name-Last: Croucher 
Author-Name: Geoffrey Wood 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wood 
Title: Tripartism in Comparative and Historical Perspective 
Abstract:
 This article provides an overview of interpretive approaches to the
 historic development of tripartism globally. Locating tripartism firmly
 within four broad approaches to labour management, we seek to qualify
 those strands that regard the phenomemon as lacking in current relevance.
 We argue that elements of post-war compromises persist and indeed have
 been recently initiated even if in many societies they exist in dilute
 form. Thus, the concept's very elasticity and polyvalence ensures its
 continued relevance, in turn calling for further examination of its
 historic evolution.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 347-357 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.983479 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.983479 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Minns 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Minns 
Author-Name: Marian Rizov 
Author-X-Name-First: Marian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rizov 
Title: Institutions, history and wage bargaining outcomes: international evidence from the post-World War Two era 
Abstract:
 This article uses international evidence to assess the impact of
 tripartism and other forms of government involvement in bargaining on wage
 moderation and wage dispersion. We find that government involvement in
 wage bargaining leads to a modest increase in wage moderation and
 reduction in wage dispersion. Historic differences in bargaining
 institutions between countries have greater moderating effects.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 358-375 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.983480 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.983480 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:3:p:358-375




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thomas James Prosser 
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Prosser 
Author-Name: Emmanuelle Perin 
Author-X-Name-First: Emmanuelle 
Author-X-Name-Last: Perin 
Title: European tripartism: chimera or reality? The 'new phase' of the European social dialogue in the light of tripartite theory and practice 
Abstract:
 The article examines the 'new phase' of the European social dialogue, and
 its credentials as a system of European tripartism. It is argued that
 tripartism is notable for four key characteristics, and the presence of
 these characteristics in a transnational interest representation regime is
 assessed. Though the 'new phase' of the social dialogue is found to engage
 with innovative topics, it also emerges as being marked by peripheral
 output and piecemeal implementation outcomes. The article's conclusion is
 thus sceptical, and notes difficulties associated with transnational
 tripartism and the increasing dilution of the European social dialogue.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 376-397 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.983481 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.983481 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:3:p:376-397




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Guglielmo Meardi 
Author-X-Name-First: Guglielmo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Meardi 
Author-Name: Juliusz Gardawski 
Author-X-Name-First: Juliusz 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gardawski 
Author-Name: Oscar Molina 
Author-X-Name-First: Oscar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Molina 
Title: The dynamics of tripartism in post-democratic transitions: comparative lessons from Spain and Poland 
Abstract:
 The article compares the role of tripartism during and after democratic
 transitions in Spain and Poland. In both countries it emerged after a
 negotiated transition from dictatorship, but it was poorly
 institutionalised. While it fell short of 'neocorporatist' levels of
 governance, it had a 'foundational' function in stabilising both political
 and economic transitions, and despite its limitations, it endured for
 decades in the frequent, if unregular, practice of negotiating 'social
 pacts'. The comparison reveals some striking similarities despite the
 contrasting economic systems of origin, and identifies some structural
 constants in the evolution of post-democratic tripartism, up to the recent
 crisis.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 398-417 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1044516 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1044516 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:3:p:398-417




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Teague 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Teague 
Author-Name: Jimmy Donaghey 
Author-X-Name-First: Jimmy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Donaghey 
Title: The life and death of Irish social partnership: lessons for social pacts 
Abstract:
 From 1987 to 2009, Irish social partnership operated as a national
 framework for industrial relations. The contribution of the article is
 twofold. We seek to link the institutional dynamics of social partnership
 with the <italic>R�gulation School's</italic> notions of modes of
 accumulation and regimes of <italic>r�gulation</italic>. This framework is
 used to explain the rise and fall of social partnership in Ireland. We
 argue that the regime of social partnership in Ireland can be divided into
 two distinct periods. In the first, social partnership contributed
 positively to a benign productivity-led mode of accumulation. In the
 second, it lost its economic functionality due mostly to financialisation
 taking a grip in the Irish economy. The conclusion is that social
 partnership had both positive and negative features, but it is unlikely to
 be repeated in the foreseeable future, at least not in Ireland.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 418-437 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.983482 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.983482 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:3:p:418-437




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Sheldon 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sheldon 
Author-Name: Bernard Gan 
Author-X-Name-First: Bernard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gan 
Author-Name: David Morgan 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morgan 
Title: Making Singapore's tripartism work (faster): the formation of the Singapore National Employers' Federation in 1980 
Abstract:
 We locate the 1980 formation of the Singapore National Employers'
 Federation (SNEF) within a history of Singaporean tripartism. This
 redresses a general neglect of employer associations in that system and
 suggests re-conceptualising Singaporean tripartism into three overlapping
 phases between 1960 and 1985. The motivations for the first two are well
 understood. Once in government, the People's Action Party (PAP) suppressed
 political and union opposition and then sought legitimacy and the
 integration of Singapore's working class, including by providing a central
 role for a subordinated union movement. We argue that in a third phase,
 emerging during the 1970s, PAP brought employer associations into its
 national distributed leadership model that meshed close personal ties and
 institutional tripartite roles. SNEF's formation was necessary for rapid
 tripartite implementation of the PAP's radical shift in economic strategy.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 438-460 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.983484 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.983484 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:3:p:438-460




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pauline Dibben 
Author-X-Name-First: Pauline 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dibben 
Author-Name: Gilton Klerck 
Author-X-Name-First: Gilton 
Author-X-Name-Last: Klerck 
Author-Name: Geoffrey Wood 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wood 
Title: The ending of southern Africa's tripartite dream: the cases of South Africa, Namibia and Mozambique 
Abstract:
 This article examines the rise and decline of tripartite experiments in
 southern Africa, focusing on South Africa, Mozambique and Namibia, where
 tripartism emerged as part of the broader processes of democratisation and
 embedding democratic institutions. Why did these experiments largely fail
 to achieve the gains for labour that might have been anticipated? In each
 case, the lack of success can be ascribed to the ecosystemic dominance of
 neo-liberalism, returning growth fuelled by higher commodities prices, the
 changing structure of elites, dominant partyism, and structural weaknesses
 in both organised business and the labour movement.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 461-483 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.983483 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.983483 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:3:p:461-483




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anne Marie Doherty 
Author-X-Name-First: Anne Marie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Doherty 
Author-Name: Nicholas Alexander 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alexander 
Title: Liberty in Paris: International retailing, 1889-1932 
Abstract:
 This article considers the international retailing operation of Liberty of
 London in Paris between 1889 and 1932. Using data from the company
 archive, the article challenges assumptions regarding the nature and role
 of early retail activity in the internationalisation process. Drawing on
 theoretical frameworks from the marketing and management literature, the
 article considers Liberty's Paris operation from entry stage activity in
 the late 1880s through to the divestment process in the early 1930s.
 Detailed consideration of this firm shows that the specialist retailer
 with distinct firm specific assets developed in the domestic market was
 operating internationally in the late nineteenth century.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 485-511 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.927865 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.927865 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:4:p:485-511




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mika Kallioinen 
Author-X-Name-First: Mika 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kallioinen 
Title: Cartel success and institutions. The Finnish Cotton Cartel, 1903-1939 
Abstract:
 This article uses institutional theory to interpret collusive behaviour in
 the pre-World War II cotton cartel in Finland. The findings do not support
 the optimistic view of the institutionalists about the efficiency of
 economic institutions in boosting cooperation. Only one (the conciliation
 mechanism) of the four institutions identified in the cotton cartel could
 check opportunism to a certain degree, although it too lacked effective
 enforcement characteristics. This article argues that, in cartels, the
 motivation to follow institutions is fundamentally different from other
 environments, particularly trade. Besides institutions, organisational
 solutions, such as a sales agency that removes individual firms'
 discretion over pricing decisions, are needed to enhance cartel stability.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 512-527 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.929114 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.929114 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:4:p:512-527




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Capelo 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Capelo 
Author-Name: P. Ara&uacute;jo 
Author-X-Name-First: P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ara&uacute;jo 
Author-Name: C. �lvarez-Dardet 
Author-X-Name-First: C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: �lvarez-Dardet 
Title: Management control systems, trust and risk in inter-organisational relationships: The case of Francisco Gonz�lez de la Sierra and its partner Rivas y Cantallops (1847-1864) 
Abstract:
 This article is intended: (1) to provide evidence about the practices in
 the nineteenth century of inter-organisational relationships when parties
 accepted sharing performance risks; and (2) to contribute to reducing the
 gap about the trust-control system dynamic interaction and its effect on
 risk through empirically analysing a non-contemporary setting. Our study
 analyses the ongoing relationship of a small commercial company with its
 main partner during the period 1847-1864, and examines the formal systems
 used by the company to monitor and coordinate its partner's activity and
 the evolution of inter-firm trust throughout the whole life cycle of this
 relationship.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 528-563 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.930129 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.930129 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:4:p:528-563




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Author-Name: James Trevor Walker 
Author-X-Name-First: James Trevor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Walker 
Title: Demonstrating distinction at 'the lowest edge of the black-coated class': The family expenditures of Edwardian railway clerks 
Abstract:
 Families at the bottom end of the Edwardian white-collar income spectrum
 demonstrated middle-class status through observable consumption, at the
 cost of squeezing other expenditures, including 'necessities'. This had
 negative economic impacts, lowering living standards due to inefficiently
 high budget shares for positional goods. Drawing on the work of Pierre
 Bourdieu, we examine how railway clerks sought to demonstrate
 'distinction' from manual workers through certain conspicuous expenditures
 and how this strategy was progressively undermined by falling real incomes
 over the Edwardian period.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 564-588 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.965384 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.965384 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:4:p:564-588




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francisco J. Medina-Albaladejo 
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Medina-Albaladejo 
Title: Co-operative wineries: Temporal solution or efficient firms? The Spanish case during late Francoism, 1970-1981 
Abstract:
 Part of economic theory has regarded co-operative firms as useful tools
 for dealing with market failures during periods of economic contraction,
 but also as suffering severe efficiency problems during periods of growth.
 The main aim of this article is to test this hypothesis in the case of
 Spanish co-operative wineries during the years of late Francoism. In order
 to do this, the balance sheets of 75 co-operative firms from the 1970s
 have been subject to financial-ratio analyses. The main conclusion is that
 these firms were inefficient due to their excessive financial debt. The
 Spanish Francoist government promoted their creation and granted financial
 aid - for their value as social and economic control systems - framing
 them within a rigid corporate system typical of authoritarian states. This
 involved limited autonomy and conditions conducive to free-riding
 behaviour, which is at the core of their inefficient performance.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 589-613 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6  
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.982105 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.982105 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:4:p:589-613




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Alexander 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alexander 
Title: Decision-making authority in British supermarket chains 
Abstract:
 This article analyses the authority of store managers for the stocking and
 merchandising of British supermarkets in the period between the mid-1960s
 and the mid-1980s. Using oral history and business archive data, the
 article assesses the case of two broadly similar retail chains. It
 identifies variations between the firms in relation to the extent of
 centralised versus decentralised control at the start of the study period.
 It then shows how the firms came to operate an essentially similar
 approach by its conclusion. Explanations for the changes identified are
 drawn from an assessment of the retail environment, and differences
 between the firms in terms of corporate culture.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 614-637 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1007864 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1007864 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:4:p:614-637




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luis Lobo-Guerrero 
Author-X-Name-First: Luis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lobo-Guerrero 
Title: World insurance: the evolution of a global risk network 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 638-639 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.828440 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.828440 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:4:p:638-639




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Smith 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith 
Title: A nation of small shareholders: marketing Wall Street after World War II 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 639-640 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.878560 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.878560 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:4:p:639-640




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: Histoire de l'industrie horlog�re suisse, de Jacques David � Nicolas Hayek (1850-2000) / Histoire du Swatch Group 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 641-642 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.974315 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.974315 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:4:p:641-642




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Felix Behling 
Author-X-Name-First: Felix 
Author-X-Name-Last: Behling 
Title: Business goals and social commitment. Shaping organisational capabilities - Colombia's Fundaci�n Social, 1984-2011 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 642-644 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.1000634 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.1000634 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:4:p:642-644




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicholas Alexander 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alexander 
Title: Building co-operation: a business history of the co-operative group, 1863-2013 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 644-645 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1006891 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1006891 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:4:p:644-645




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ivor Bolton 
Author-X-Name-First: Ivor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bolton 
Title: The East German economy, 1945-2010: falling behind or catching up? 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 645-647 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1006892 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1006892 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:4:p:645-647




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew Hollow 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hollow 
Title: The making of the modern British home: the suburban semi & family life between the wars 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 647-648 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1006893 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1006893 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:4:p:647-648




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paloma Fern�ndez P�rez 
Author-X-Name-First: Paloma Fern�ndez 
Author-X-Name-Last: P�rez 
Title: The House of Rothschild in Spain, 1812-1941 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 649-650 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1006895 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1006895 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:4:p:649-650




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Title: Ferranti. A history: Volume 3: management, mergers and fraud, 1987-1993 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 650-652 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1006896 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1006896 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:4:p:650-652




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Javier Mej�a 
Author-X-Name-First: Javier 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mej�a 
Title: Historia de la investigaci�n de mercados en Colombia. Trayectoria empresarial de Napole�n Franco [Market research history in Colombia. Entrepreneurial trajectory of Napole�n Franco] 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 652-654 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1016300 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1016300 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:4:p:652-654




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jim Quinn 
Author-X-Name-First: Jim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Quinn 
Title: Editorial: re-introducing evolutionary theory to business history: making sense of today's structure 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 655-663 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1021244 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1021244 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:5:p:655-663




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Franco Malerba 
Author-X-Name-First: Franco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Malerba 
Author-Name: Luigi Orsenigo 
Author-X-Name-First: Luigi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Orsenigo 
Title: The evolution of the pharmaceutical industry 
Abstract:
 This article provides an overview of the main traits of the historical
 development of the pharmaceutical industry, using the lenses of the
 evolutionary approach to economic and industrial change. After a brief
 overview of the main evolutionary concepts which guide the subsequent
 discussion, our presentation identifies four main eras: from the formative
 stages (from the late 1800s to War World II) to the so-called Golden Age
 (the 1940s to the mid-1970s), the biotechnology revolution (the 1970s to
 the new millennium, approximately) and what we label the 'Winter of
 Discontent?' (the first decade of the new century). Within all these
 epochs, we discuss the main trends in technology, firms' strategies and
 structures, patterns of competition, demand, regulation and institutional
 developments. Section 6 concludes the article, briefly discussing some
 main implications for the present and future of the industry on the one
 hand and for the relevance of an evolutionary approach to the analysis of
 corporate and industrial change on the other.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 664-687 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.975119 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.975119 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:5:p:664-687




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ray Stokes 
Author-X-Name-First: Ray 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stokes 
Author-Name: Ralf Banken 
Author-X-Name-First: Ralf 
Author-X-Name-Last: Banken 
Title: Constructing an 'industry': the case of industrial gases, 1886-2006 
Abstract:
 Historically minded social scientists who analyse business and industrial
 development over time - including business historians - often deploy the
 term 'industry' as if its meaning were both self-evident and unchanging
 through time. This article uses the case of the international industrial
 gases industry over the course of 12 decades to demonstrate some ways in
 which a more critical and dynamic view of 'industry' - in combination with
 recognition of the imperfect overlap between firms on the one hand and
 industries on the other - enables better understanding and analysis of
 both.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 688-704 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.975123 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.975123 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:5:p:688-704




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Johann Peter Murmann 
Author-X-Name-First: Johann Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Murmann 
Title: Deepening the conversation between business history and evolutionary economics 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 705-715 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.975122 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.975122 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:5:p:705-715




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael G. Jacobides 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jacobides 
Title: What drove the financial crisis? Structuring our historical understanding of a predictable evolutionary disaster 
Abstract:
 This article revisits the 2008 financial crisis, considering how we can
 draw on the historical record to reappraise what created the problems and
 inform theory. It looks in detail at neglected factors such as the nature
 of the selection environment, the agency of actors, and the influence of
 structure. On the basis of that evidence, as well as the premise that
 feedback, rather than foresight, drives behavior, we reach new conclusions
 on what drove the crisis, and open up an exciting opportunity for
 historical methods to inform theory. This challenges current policy in
 terms of the idea of 'Too Big To Fail' and the focus of regulation; it
 also helps us revisit the lessons that we should take from this crisis,
 taking us away from macro-economic factors and individual malfeasance
 towards structure. Overall, the analysis suggests that a historical,
 institutional, and evolutionary analysis, based in theory, can add a fresh
 perspective.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 716-735 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.975120 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.975120 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:5:p:716-735




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steven Toms 
Author-X-Name-First: Steven 
Author-X-Name-Last: Toms 
Author-Name: Nick Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: Nick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Author-Name: Mike Wright 
Author-X-Name-First: Mike 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wright 
Title: The evolution of private equity: corporate restructuring in the UK, <italic>c</italic>.1945-2010 
Abstract:
 The article analyses the role of private equity (PE) in restructuring the
 UK corporate economy. It develops a theoretical synthesis to show that the
 evolution of the PE industry and firms in which it invested were governed
 by the relations of corporate governance between investor and investee
 companies. Effective governance relations were a necessary condition for
 success and complement firm specific resources to create competitive
 advantage. Four case studies are used to show the contrasting effects of
 these determining factors, Industrial and Commercial Finance Corporation
 (ICFC) and Slater Walker, and the two waves of buy-out centred
 restructuring that developed with the maturity of the PE industry after
 1980. In contrast to the evolutionary approach, the periodisations
 utilised in this study show that structural breaks associated with points
 of institutional reform are also necessary to make firm specific resource
 and governance determinants of competitive advantage operable.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 736-768 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.977262 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.977262 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:5:p:736-768




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Nelson 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nelson 
Title: Evolutionary economics and recounting of business history 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 769-772 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.975121 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.975121 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:5:p:769-772




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin J. Liu 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu 
Author-Name: Jimmy Huang 
Author-X-Name-First: Jimmy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang 
Author-Name: Alain Yee-loong Chong 
Author-X-Name-First: Alain 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yee-loong Chong 
Author-Name: Zhengzhi Guan 
Author-X-Name-First: Zhengzhi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Guan 
Author-Name: Natalia Yannopoulou 
Author-X-Name-First: Natalia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yannopoulou 
Title: Fellow-townsmenship as the mechanism for exploring and exploiting business opportunities: A longitudinal reflection of the nineteenth century Ningbo entrepreneurs in Shanghai 
Abstract:
 This research examines how fellow-townsmenship, a distinctive homophilous
 social network, functioned among Ningbo entrepreneurs pertaining to their
 simultaneous exploration and exploitation of business opportunities, or
 achieving ambidexterity, in the nineteenth century. By investigating data
 in relevant historical records from museums, archives and libraries, case
 studies based on two representative Ningbo entrepreneurs from a
 distinctive business family showcase how those entrepreneurs took
 advantage of townsmenship to resolve the trade-off between exploration and
 exploitation. In doing so, simultaneous exploration and exploitation
 alongside the expansion of fellow townsmenship proved to be effective and
 successful. This research provides new grounds to examine ambidexterity.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 773-799 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.962020 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.962020 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:6:p:773-799




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shawn Moura 
Author-X-Name-First: Shawn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moura 
Title: Try it at home: Avon and gender in Brazil, 1958-1975 
Abstract:
 This article examines the entry of US-based cosmetics firm Avon into the
 Brazilian market from 1958 to 1975. Avon's direct-to-home distribution
 model and family brand strategy gave the company a competitive advantage
 in the Brazilian cosmetics market. However, Avon's branch managers had to
 adapt the company's marketing strategy and recruitment practices to
 accommodate Brazilian standards of feminine respectability and in response
 to saleswomen who expanded distribution beyond the company's original
 target markets. Avon's Brazilian branch excluded women from management
 positions, and the company's marketing materials emphasised conservative
 gender roles for women. Nonetheless, Avon sales increased many women's
 economic agency.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 800-821 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.982103 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.982103 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pierre-Yves Donz� 
Author-X-Name-First: Pierre-Yves 
Author-X-Name-Last: Donz� 
Author-Name: Rika Fujioka 
Author-X-Name-First: Rika 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fujioka 
Title: European luxury big business and emerging Asian markets, 1960-2010 
Abstract:
 This article tackles the transformation of the European luxury business
 since the 1960s, through the examples of the French fashion industry and
 the Swiss watch business. It argues that emerging Asian markets, that is,
 Japan between the 1960s and the 1990s and subsequently China since 2000,
 have played a key role in this process as the major outlets. It examines
 the strategies adopted to access East Asia markets and how they were
 affected by the emergence of luxury multinational enterprises (MNEs) in
 the 1980s. While department stores were a gateway to Japanese market since
 the 1960s, they gradually lost their bargaining power when French and
 Swiss MNEs began to internalise distribution and to implement a global
 brand management strategy. This feature is also a major characteristic of
 the distribution of luxury goods in China, where MNEs are directly
 involved.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 822-840 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.982104 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.982104 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:6:p:822-840




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kee-Cheok Cheong 
Author-X-Name-First: Kee-Cheok 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheong 
Author-Name: Poh-Ping Lee 
Author-X-Name-First: Poh-Ping 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee 
Author-Name: Kam-Hing Lee 
Author-X-Name-First: Kam-Hing 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee 
Title: The internationalisation of family firms: case histories of two Chinese overseas family firms 
Abstract:
 Internationalisation is an important part of the business history of both
 non-family and family firms. The discourse regarding both is based on the
 mainstream microeconomic theories of the firm. This article, through
 examining the case histories of two successful Chinese overseas family
 firms, shows that explanations of internationalisation need often to
 venture beyond the confines of existing theories, especially where
 contextual factors are influential in shaping decision-making. The
 experiences of these firms point to the role of the state as a major
 contextual factor. The case history approach is the most relevant in this
 and other instances where context matters.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 841-861 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.982106 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.982106 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:6:p:841-861




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ann-Kristin Bergquist 
Author-X-Name-First: Ann-Kristin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bergquist 
Author-Name: Kristina S�derholm 
Author-X-Name-First: Kristina 
Author-X-Name-Last: S�derholm 
Title: Transition to greener pulp: regulation, industry responses and path dependency 
Abstract:
 Although the dioxin alarm broke at the same time in Sweden and the US in
 the mid-1980s, Swedish pulp and paper (P&P) firms led the way towards the
 new market for low-chlorine and chlorine-free P&P products. This study
 explores the transition in the Swedish P&P industry and contrasts the
 Swedish case to the US experience. We highlight the importance of already
 established technological paths to deal with pollution, paths which were
 strongly formed by the different national environmental policies since the
 1970s. Thus while US P&P firms were technologically locked-in when the
 dioxin alarm broke, the strategy of Swedish P&P firms to proactively
 collaborate in environmental research and development (R&D) together with
 a national policy that favoured process integrated abatement technology,
 helped Swedish firms take technological leadership. This article
 particularly stresses the implications of technological path-dependency
 and different national regulatory styles in understanding the evolution of
 different modes of corporate environmental strategies.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 862-884 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.986105 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.986105 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:6:p:862-884




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andreas Kornelakis 
Author-X-Name-First: Andreas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kornelakis 
Title: European market integration and the political economy of corporate adjustment: OTE and Telecom Italia, 1949-2009 
Abstract:
 Despite the common challenges posed by European market integration and
 liberalisation, the behaviour of telecommunications operators across
 Europe suggests a variety of modes of adjustment and paths to
 privatisation. The article examines the puzzle of divergent responses to
 liberalisation by OTE and Telecom Italia (TI), casting light on their
 distinct paths to privatisation and internationalisation. The cases are
 considered in the context of the Varieties of Capitalism frame, which
 challenges the perspective that global market integration will lead to
 convergence in strategies and structures. Thus, the article suggests that
 the observed differences are largely explained by the domestic actors'
 preferences, and to a much lesser extent attributed to the globalising
 forces of technological change and competition.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 885-902 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.986106 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.986106 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Eriksson 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eriksson 
Title: Beyond industrial policy. State intervention in the Swedish electricity supply industry, 1936-1946 
Abstract:
 As in other Western European countries, the emergence of a national
 network for electricity transmission in Sweden was accompanied by a
 greater degree of State intervention in the electricity supply sector. The
 aim of this article is to elucidate the institutional background to the
 decision in 1946 by the Social Democratic government to transfer control
 of the national grid to the Swedish National Power Board. It is
 demonstrated that this decision not only was linked to a general
 industrial policy to promote energy supply. It was also linked to the
 agricultural and cohesion policies which emerged during the 1940s.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 903-918 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.986107 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.986107 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:6:p:903-918




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elisabetta Merlo 
Author-X-Name-First: Elisabetta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Merlo 
Title: 'Size revolution': the industrial foundations of the Italian clothing business 
Abstract:
 From the beginning of the 1950s, how to size clothing became an issue
 debated within national and international organisations which were
 committed to the standardisation of the technical specifications of
 industrial products, clothing included. At the time the Gruppo Finanziario
 Tessile (GFT), which would later act as the industrial springboard for the
 Italian fashion, introduced a new system of sizes in Italy. Drawing on the
 company's extensive historical records, the article deals with the
 technical, organisational, and cultural nature of the process of
 standardisation of the sizing of clothing. The research provides new
 evidence about the emergence of a new competitor within a mature industry.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 919-941 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.992336 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.992336 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: Histoire de la Banque africaine de d�veloppement et de sa contribution � l'essor de la C&ocirc;te d'Ivoire, 1963-2005 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 942-944 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.974319 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.974319 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miguel A. L�pez-Morell 
Author-X-Name-First: Miguel A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: L�pez-Morell 
Title: Distritos y Cl&uacute;sters en la Europa del Sur [Districts and Clusters in Southern Europe] 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 944-945 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1006894 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1006894 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bernardo B�tiz-Lazo 
Author-X-Name-First: Bernardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: B�tiz-Lazo 
Title: The Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunications (SWIFT): cooperative governance for network innovation, standards, and community 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 945-947 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1031320 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1031320 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:6:p:945-947




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julie Bower 
Author-X-Name-First: Julie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bower 
Title: Redefining business models: strategies for a financialized world 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 947-949 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1031322 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1031322 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris Corker 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Corker 
Title: The optical munitions industry in Great Britain, 1888-1923 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 949-950 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1031323 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1031323 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Espen Ekberg 
Author-X-Name-First: Espen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ekberg 
Title: Trams or tailfins? Public and private prosperity in postwar West Germany and the United States 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 950-952 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1031324 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1031324 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roy Edwards 
Author-X-Name-First: Roy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards 
Title: Industrial archaeology: a handbook 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 952-953 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2013.878555 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2013.878555 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:6:p:952-953




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Rosaria Napolitano 
Author-X-Name-First: Maria Rosaria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Napolitano 
Author-Name: Vittoria Marino 
Author-X-Name-First: Vittoria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marino 
Author-Name: Jari Ojala 
Author-X-Name-First: Jari 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ojala 
Title: In search of an integrated framework of business longevity 
Abstract:
 Even if the domain of business longevity has been enriched by the
 multidisciplinary nature of approaches used to investigate the phenomenon,
 the lack of a unifying perspective has impeded systematic research and
 caused definitional ambiguity. The main aim of this special issue is to
 extend existing knowledge on business longevity by integrating theoretical
 and empirical studies that adopt different approaches and perspectives.
 This is essential in order to identify the key factors of long-term
 success and the effects of longevity on firm performance. The multifaceted
 nature of business longevity research is mirrored in the five articles
 included in this special issue, that offer different and interesting
 perspectives for the investigation of the domain.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 955-969 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.993613 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.993613 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:7:p:955-969




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Angelo Riviezzo 
Author-X-Name-First: Angelo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Riviezzo 
Author-Name: Mika Skippari 
Author-X-Name-First: Mika 
Author-X-Name-Last: Skippari 
Author-Name: Antonella Garofano 
Author-X-Name-First: Antonella 
Author-X-Name-Last: Garofano 
Title: Who wants to live forever: exploring 30 years of research on business longevity 
Abstract:
 This article presents a systematic review of the existing literature on
 business longevity by conducting a bibliometric analysis of 142 papers
 published in the leading business history and management journals during
 the last three decades. The results show similarities (e.g. in explanatory
 models) and differences (e.g. in citation patterns, theories, and methods)
 between the disciplines, thus indicating that the literature is partially
 segmented into separate domains that prevent business longevity research
 from representing a truly unified field of study.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 970-987 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.993617 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.993617 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:7:p:970-987




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bj�rn Eriksson 
Author-X-Name-First: Bj�rn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eriksson 
Author-Name: Maria Stanfors 
Author-X-Name-First: Maria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stanfors 
Title: A winning strategy? The employment of women and firm longevity during industrialisation 
Abstract:
 Why do certain firms prosper and grow old while other firms fail?
 Established knowledge tells us that longevity is related to the firm's
 ability to adapt to market conditions, through product diversification,
 learning-by-doing and adopting new strategies regarding technology, human
 resources and management. By estimating duration models using new data
 covering the entire Swedish tobacco industry, we find that firms employing
 more women were considerably less likely to fail than other firms.
 Industry feminisation may be seen as the outcome of a competitive process
 where more feminised firms as a result of their extended longevity came to
 dominate the industry.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 988-1004 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.993615 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.993615 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:7:p:988-1004




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cinzia Lorandini 
Author-X-Name-First: Cinzia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lorandini 
Title: Looking beyond the Buddenbrooks syndrome: the Salvadori Firm of Trento, 1660s - 1880s 
Abstract:
 The Buddenbrooks syndrome is evoked by business historians to explain the
 inability of family firms to survive beyond the third generation. Although
 this argument highlights a major problem - that of ensuring smooth
 intergenerational succession - this article's contention is that a more
 complex interpretative framework is needed in order to explain the
 longevity of some family businesses. By drawing on evidence concerning a
 family firm which survived for more than two centuries, this article
 highlights three interrelated factors of longevity: the strategic response
 to internal drivers and environmental changes; the transmission of skills
 and values to the following generations; and the successful
 intergenerational transfer of family assets. All these factors were based
 on a flexible definition of both the 'family' and the 'business' which
 ensured the combination of continuity and change that was necessary for
 the family firm's long-term survival.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1005-1019 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.993616 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.993616 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:7:p:1005-1019




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Innan Sasaki 
Author-X-Name-First: Innan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sasaki 
Author-Name: Hidekazu Sone 
Author-X-Name-First: Hidekazu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sone 
Title: Cultural approach to understanding the long-term survival of firms - Japanese Shinise firms in the sake brewing industry 
Abstract:
 The study aims to gain understanding on how firms can achieve longevity by
 studying the historical acculturation between organisational and local
 cultures of Japanese Shinise firms. We conducted multiple-case studies on
 five firms with more than 100 years of history in the sake brewing
 industry in Kyoto. Our findings suggest that the essence of both Shinise
 firms' corporate culture and local culture have remained unchanged over
 the existence of these firms. However, the strength and role of the
 respective cultures in relation to each other have changed substantially
 in different historical periods. Since the establishment of Shinise firms,
 acculturation has taken the path of assimilation, reverse of dominion,
 enhancing the value of the local culture, and reciprocal integration. The
 longevity of Shinise businesses has been enabled by the combination of
 continuity in their essential rationale and changing cultural interaction
 with the enhanced local environment.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1020-1036 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.993618 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.993618 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:7:p:1020-1036




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arturo Capasso 
Author-X-Name-First: Arturo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Capasso 
Author-Name: Carmen Gallucci 
Author-X-Name-First: Carmen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gallucci 
Author-Name: Matteo Rossi 
Author-X-Name-First: Matteo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rossi 
Title: Standing the test of time. Does firm performance improve with age? An analysis of the wine industry 
Abstract:
 Currently, few studies have investigated how longevity affects economic
 and financial performance. These studies have generally approached the
 issue according to theoretical perspectives; thus, even fewer empirical
 studies exist. The present work aims to fill this gap by empirically
 verifying whether longevity is a variable that can determine firm
 performance. Our main hypotheses are tested on a large sample of Italian
 wineries by applying a panel model with time fixed effects on firm
 performance measured from 2008 to 2011. Our main findings highlight that
 the oldest wineries outperform the youngest wineries and that the
 longevity factor can significantly explain the difference in performance.
 We also discuss some practical implications of our study and intriguing
 directions for future research.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1037-1053 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.993614 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.993614 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:7:p:1037-1053




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Mollan 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mollan 
Author-Name: Kevin D. Tennent 
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tennent 
Title: International taxation and corporate strategy: evidence from British overseas business, circa 1900-1965 
Abstract:
 In this article we establish the impact and importance of international
 taxation on British overseas business circa 1900 to 1965. As the levels of
 national taxation rose across the twentieth century, different states
 began to compete for taxable income. This created international double
 taxation whereby taxation was due twice on the same income or profit. We
 examine the difficulties that this caused and the responses of firms to
 this challenge, through the adoption of tax-minimisation strategies,
 alterations to corporate structure, and the relocation of corporate
 domicile. We discuss how international taxation was one of the secular
 changes in the international business environment that contributed to the
 rise of large-scale multinational enterprises. We conclude by making a
 call for greater consideration of international taxation in international
 business history.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1054-1081 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.999671 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.999671 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:7:p:1054-1081




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adoraci�n �lvaro-Moya 
Author-X-Name-First: Adoraci�n 
Author-X-Name-Last: �lvaro-Moya 
Title: Networking capability building in the multinational enterprise: ITT and the Spanish adventure (1924-1945) 
Abstract:
 This article goes into the renewed main theories on the evolution of the
 multinational enterprise (MNE) providing evidence about how MNEs develop
 networking capabilities to strengthen their position in host markets
 characterised by uncertainty. In particular, the operations in Spain of
 the largest telecom group of the interwar period, ITT, are examined
 through an extensive use of both diplomatic and corporate records. It is
 argued that the alliances developed by the multinational around the host
 market's political and business elite, enhanced by the support given by
 the US government, allowed ITT to preserve their interests in the country
 in turbulent times characterised by rising economic nationalism and
 instability in international and local markets. The alliances set around
 locals, furthermore, compensated ITT's lack of both institutional and
 business market knowledge, that is, ITT's liability of foreignness and
 outsidership when entering Spain.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1082-1111 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1014901 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1014901 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:7:p:1082-1111




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juha Kansikas 
Author-X-Name-First: Juha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kansikas 
Title: The business elite in Finland: a prosopographical study of family firm executives 1762-2010 
Abstract:
 This study presents a prosopographical analysis of the Finnish business
 elite. The longitudinal panel dataset includes 456 members of family firms
 from 1762-2010 who have received the honorary title of counsellor in
 Finland. Counsellor biographies have been written by an economic history
 association network of 130 historians. Most family firms are no longer
 elite after the third generation of the family business or the second
 counsellor generation; therefore, the same core families rarely remain
 part of the economic elite for more than 100 years.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1112-1132 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1015420 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1015420 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nikola Balnave 
Author-X-Name-First: Nikola 
Author-X-Name-Last: Balnave 
Author-Name: Greg Patmore 
Author-X-Name-First: Greg 
Author-X-Name-Last: Patmore 
Title: The outsider consumer co-operative: lessons from the Community Co-operative Store (Nuriootpa), 1944-2010 
Abstract:
 Current models of co-operative survival need to be modified to consider
 those national experiences where consumer co-operatives become 'outsider
 co-operatives'; they cannot rely on a broader co-operative movement or
 network. The Nuriootpa Co-operative is a prime example of such a co-op.
 Its ability to deal with issues of capitalisation, ideological appeal and
 relationships with the local community has historically been central to
 the survival and growth of this Australian Rochdale co-operative. However,
 without the support of a broader movement or network, its adoption of the
 franchising model has proved to be a key to the success of this
 co-operative.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1133-1154 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1015998 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1015998 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:8:p:1133-1154




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Olivier Butzbach 
Author-X-Name-First: Olivier 
Author-X-Name-Last: Butzbach 
Title: From thrifts to universal banks: the sources of organisational change in French savings banks, 1945-2000 
Abstract:
 This article aims to analyse the processes by which French savings banks
 have transformed themselves in the past 70 years. Although much is known
 about how banking has changed in industrialised countries since the late
 1970s, in particular through higher competition, regulatory changes and
 restructuring, we know relatively little about how non-profit banks have
 been affected. In addition, although the key factors of change highlighted
 in the literature all reveal an implicit emphasis on exogenous sources of
 change (i.e. banks respond to changes in their external environment by
 adjusting their strategy), not much research has been dedicated to
 investigate the potential endogenous factors of change and, by extension,
 more complex interactions between banks and their environment have been
 ignored. This article aims to respond to these two challenges, by drawing
 on the framework proposed by Haveman and Rao suggesting that
 organisational change occurs as the outcome of co-evolution between
 organisations and institutions. Given the key role played by the state in
 banking, the article proposes an amendment to this framework by taking
 into account the multiple interdependencies between state and banking
 actors, and how these interdependencies evolve over time.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1155-1191 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1021690 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1021690 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luciano Amaral 
Author-X-Name-First: Luciano 
Author-X-Name-Last: Amaral 
Title: Measuring competition in Portuguese commercial banking during the Golden Age (1960-1973) 
Abstract:
 The institutional environment of Portuguese banking during the Golden Age
 of economic growth (1950-1973) has been criticised in many accounts.
 According to various authors, on the one hand it would have granted
 excessive protection to existing banks, allowing them to obtain high
 rents, a disincentive for them to compete; on the other, it would have
 forced them to concentrate their activity excessively on short-term credit
 instruments, thereby preventing them from contributing effectively to
 finance growth. In this article we use a formal statistical approach of
 the Panzar-Rosse type and conclude that the system did, in fact, have some
 interesting competitive features.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1192-1218 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1021691 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1021691 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Ng 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ng 
Title: Dirt of whitewashing: re-conceptualising debtors' obligations in Chinese business by transplanting bankruptcy law to early British Hong Kong (1860s-1880s) 
Abstract:
 This article, drawing on a wide range of archived materials, and using one
 of the earliest sets of English business law imported to Hong Kong - the
 Bankruptcy Ordinance of 1864 - as a case study, argues that the
 transplantation of the English bankruptcy regime into early colonial Hong
 Kong was contrary to the business interests of both the European and
 Chinese communities and wrongfully displaced the traditional Chinese
 business norms and practices that had contributed to the health of the
 colonial economy prior to the regime's introduction. This article
 constitutes one of the first empirical studies to place English business
 law and its widely acknowledged contribution to the economy of early
 colonial Hong Kong under scrutiny. From the perspective of the
 relationship between English law and former British colonies' development
 of business modernity, the findings presented herein contradict the
 readily accepted notion that English business law provided a solid legal
 infrastructure upon which colonial Hong Kong's prosperity and economic
 growth were built and call for more nuanced studies of the positive role
 of Chinese legal traditions in Hong Kong's development of business
 modernity in its early colonial period.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1219-1247 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1025762 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1025762 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gareth Campbell 
Author-X-Name-First: Gareth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Campbell 
Author-Name: John D. Turner 
Author-X-Name-First: John D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Turner 
Title: Managerial failure in mid-Victorian Britain?: Corporate expansion during a promotion boom 
Abstract:
 This article examines the mid-1840s expansion of the British railway
 network, which was associated with a large deterioration in shareholder
 value. Using a counterfactual approach and new data on railway
 competition, we argue that the expansion of the railway companies, and
 their subsequent decline in financial performance, was not due to
 managerial failure. Rather, the promotion of new routes by established
 railways and mergers with other companies was part of a managerial
 strategy to maintain incumbent positions, and may have been preferable to
 not expanding whilst their competitors did.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1248-1276 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1026260 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1026260 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hugo van Driel 
Author-X-Name-First: Hugo 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Driel 
Author-Name: Henk W. Volberda 
Author-X-Name-First: Henk W. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Volberda 
Author-Name: Sjoerd Eikelboom 
Author-X-Name-First: Sjoerd 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eikelboom 
Author-Name: Eline Kamerbeek 
Author-X-Name-First: Eline 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kamerbeek 
Title: A co-evolutionary analysis of longevity: Pakhoed and its predecessors 
Abstract:
 In this study of the warehousing company Pakhoed and its predecessors over
 a period of 200 years, we analyse the configuration of environmental
 forces, exploitation and exploration, and three firm-level longevity
 factors: a tolerant management style and decentralised structure; a strong
 sense of identity; and a conservative financial policy. The idiosyncratic
 set-up of Pakhoed's forerunners enabled their long-term survival through
 co-evolution with an environment that both compelled them to be responsive
 and provided them with scarce resources. In the most recent period, failed
 explorations helped Pakhoed to strengthen its sense of identity and to
 focus on a well-chosen field of exploitation.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1277-1305 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1026261 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1026261 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: Territoires de l'illicite: ports et �les de la fraude au contr&ocirc;le (xix-super-e-xx-super-e si�cles) 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1306-1307 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.974317 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.974317 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: Bouygues. Les ressorts d'un destin entrepreneurial 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1307-1309 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.1000632 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.1000632 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:8:p:1307-1309




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Neil Forbes 
Author-X-Name-First: Neil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Forbes 
Title: Business in the age of extremes: essays in modern German and Austrian economic history 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1309-1310 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1031326 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1031326 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:8:p:1309-1310




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Keith Harcourt 
Author-X-Name-First: Keith 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harcourt 
Title: The Peak Forest canal and railway - an engineering and business history 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1311-1312 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1031327 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1031327 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kimberly Chrisman-Campbell 
Author-X-Name-First: Kimberly 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chrisman-Campbell 
Title: The color revolution 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1312-1314 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1031329 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1031329 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:57:y:2015:i:8:p:1312-1314




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Derek Pugh 
Author-X-Name-First: Derek 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pugh 
Title: The Oxford handbook of management theorists 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1314-1315 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 57 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1031332 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1031332 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrea Colli 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colli 
Author-Name: Stephanie Decker 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephanie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Decker 
Author-Name: Abe de Jong 
Author-X-Name-First: Abe 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Jong 
Author-Name: Paloma Fern�ndez P�rez 
Author-X-Name-First: Paloma Fern�ndez 
Author-X-Name-Last: P�rez 
Author-Name: Neil Rollings 
Author-X-Name-First: Neil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rollings 
Author-Name: Ray Stokes 
Author-X-Name-First: Ray 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stokes 
Title: Editorial: special issues in <italic>Business History</italic> 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 1-5 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 58 
Year: 2016 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1060961 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1060961 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mar�a In�s Barbero 
Author-X-Name-First: Mar�a In�s 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barbero 
Author-Name: Nuria Puig 
Author-X-Name-First: Nuria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Puig 
Title: Business groups around the world: an introduction 
Abstract:
 This article examines recent historical research on business groups in the
 light of business group theory and ongoing debates on the economic
 rationale, characteristics, and social implications of this ubiquitous
 form of business organisation. We argue that historians are challenging
 several assumptions of the business group literature in two ways:
 expanding the temporal and geographical boundaries of business groups and
 producing sound empirical evidence on the long-term dynamics and
 flexibility of business groups in different institutional contexts.
 Finally, we outline a research agenda aimed at increasing the impact of
 historical research on business group scholarship.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 6-29 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 58 
Year: 2016 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1051530 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1051530 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:1:p:6-29




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrea Colli 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colli 
Author-Name: Alberto Rinaldi 
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rinaldi 
Author-Name: Michelangelo Vasta 
Author-X-Name-First: Michelangelo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vasta 
Title: The only way to grow? Italian Business groups in historical perspective 
Abstract:
 This article analyses the dynamics of business groups (BG) formation and
 diffusion in Italy in the twentieth century. It shows that BGs is not an
 organisational form which characterizes only developing countries or
 economies in their very early stage of development. Indeed, in its
 evolution from a peripheral country to one of the most advanced economies,
 Italy has been constantly populated by BGs. One striking feature of the
 Italian corporate system is that BGs are present not only among large
 firms, but also in almost all the other forms of enterprise: cooperative
 firms, municipalised companies, state-owned enterprises (SOEs), and
 fast-growing medium-sized firms. Thus, BG seems to be the 'only way to
 grow' for Italian firms or, at least, the easiest way to reach a
 reasonable size. BG as a governance system looks particularly flexible,
 adapting itself to different ownership, market conditions and local
 contexts. In absence of obstacles of legal or fiscal nature, this
 flexibility is probably the main reason for its resilience.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 30-48 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 58 
Year: 2016 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1044518 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1044518 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: �lvaro Ferreira da Silva 
Author-X-Name-First: �lvaro Ferreira 
Author-X-Name-Last: da Silva 
Author-Name: Luciano Amaral 
Author-X-Name-First: Luciano 
Author-X-Name-Last: Amaral 
Author-Name: Pedro Neves 
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Neves 
Title: Business groups in Portugal in the <italic>Estado Novo</italic> period (1930-1974): family, power and structural change 
Abstract:
 This article analyses the seven largest business groups in Portugal from
 the 1930s to the mid-1970s, a period in which they attained an
 unprecedented scale and scope. The analysis involves a comprehensive
 reconstruction of the groups' equity participations and corporate
 networks, using new sets of data. A few common features are found: these
 groups were based on family ownership and remained inward-looking, holding
 large equity participations in affiliate firms and segmenting them from
 more inclusive partnerships with other groups. But diversity should also
 be stressed: they displayed enormous plasticity in their dynamics of
 growth, combining exogenous and endogenous explanations. It is this
 plasticity that explains their resilience, capacity for adaptation, and
 ultimately their ubiquitous nature.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 49-68 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 58 
Year: 2016 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1044520 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1044520 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Asli M. Colpan 
Author-X-Name-First: Asli M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colpan 
Author-Name: Geoffrey Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Title: Business groups, entrepreneurship and the growth of the Ko� Group in Turkey 
Abstract:
 This article examines the emergence and development of what became the
 largest business group in Turkey, the Ko� Group. This venture was an
 important actor in the emergence of modern business enterprise in the new
 state of the Republic of Turkey from the 1920s. After World War II it
 diversified rapidly, forming part of a cluster of business groups which
 dominated the Turkish economy alongside state-owned firms. This article
 examines how the founder of the Group, Vehbi Ko�, formulated his business
 model, and analyses how his firm evolved into a diversified business
 group. Although the case supports prevailing explanations of business
 groups related to institutional voids, government policy and the
 importance of contact capabilities, this study builds on and extends the
 earlier suggestions that entrepreneurship needs incorporating as an
 explanatory factor. The article shows that Ko� acts as both a Kirznerian
 and Schumpeterian entrepreneur to build his group, both in its formative
 stages and later in its subsequent growth into a diversified business
 group.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 69-88 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 58 
Year: 2016 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1044521 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1044521 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:1:p:69-88




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mehmet Er�ek 
Author-X-Name-First: Mehmet 
Author-X-Name-Last: Er�ek 
Author-Name: &Ouml;ner G�n�avd&#x131; 
Author-X-Name-First: &Ouml;ner 
Author-X-Name-Last: G�n�avd&#x131; 
Title: Imprints of an Entrepreneur and Evolution of a Business Group, 1948-2010 
Abstract:
 In this article, we narrate a historical case study of a Turkish business
 group (BG) and engage in a dialogue with the existing theories that
 explain the transformation of BGs. The study builds on the multi-level
 theory of imprinting to illustrate how our focal group has been
 continually stamped by its founder's choices during sensitive times in its
 developmental trajectory. Collected evidence details how the
 entrepreneur's subsequent imprints are entrenched in the BG's routines,
 simultaneously enabling and constraining its capabilities. By providing
 comprehensive evidence about the dynamic interplay among various
 endogenous and exogenous factors, we illustrate how abstract institutional
 conditions are reified in, and sometimes opposed by, agential action.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 89-110 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 58 
Year: 2016 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1044522 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1044522 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:1:p:89-110




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gustavo A. Del Angel 
Author-X-Name-First: Gustavo A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Del Angel 
Title: The nexus between business groups and banks: Mexico, 1932-1982 
Abstract:
 Over the twentieth century, the Mexican financial system emerged embedded
 in business groups, as a way of serving their financial needs. Until 1982,
 Mexico's banking system experienced unprecedented expansion. This article
 explains how, despite extensive insider lending practices, the
 relationships between business groups and financial intermediaries were
 sound enough to sustain them: first, because the commercial banks
 developed a certain autonomy from their related business groups; and
 second, because counterbalanced decision-making occurred when property was
 shared by two or more business groups. However, the ownership of banks
 remained concentrated in the hands of the business groups.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 111-128 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 58 
Year: 2016 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1044519 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1044519 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:1:p:111-128




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Erica Salvaj 
Author-X-Name-First: Erica 
Author-X-Name-Last: Salvaj 
Author-Name: Juan Pablo Couyoumdjian 
Author-X-Name-First: Juan Pablo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Couyoumdjian 
Title: 'Interlocked' business groups and the state in Chile (1970-2010) 
Abstract:
 In this article we examine the relationship among business groups (BGs) in
 Chile in the long run, focusing on the relations between the state, viewed
 as a BG, and privately-owned BGs from 1970 to 2010. Our analysis proceeds
 within the methodological perspective of interlocking directorates (IDs)
 analysis. Working with a unique database of the boards of firms affiliated
 to BGs, we consider IDs as a way to learn about the cohesion and relation
 between these BGs. We include a period of political change and
 institutional and economic modernisation in Chile, which also involved a
 transformation in the character of the entrepreneurial class in the
 country. We find that the state BG has played an important role in the
 networks of Chilean capitalism. Our work complements the literature on BGs
 and state capitalism, showing the rich nature of social networks in a
 capitalist society.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 129-148 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 58 
Year: 2016 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1044517 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1044517 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:1:p:129-148




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robin Holt 
Author-X-Name-First: Robin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Holt 
Title: Reimagining business history 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 149-153 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 58 
Year: 2016 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1031325 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1031325 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:1:p:149-153




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: Veuve Gu�rin & fils. Banque et soie. Une affaire de famille (Saint-Chamond-Lyon, 1716-1932) 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 153-155 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 58 
Year: 2016 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1016299 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1016299 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:1:p:153-155




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: Historical and international comparison of business interest associations, 19th-20th Centuries 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 155-158 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 58 
Year: 2016 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1017288 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1017288 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Bowie 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bowie 
Title: Pure diffusion? The great English hotel charges debate in <italic>The Times</italic>, 1853 
Abstract:
 This article explores the role of nineteenth century national newspapers
 and their readers in disseminating management innovations to the English
 hotel industry. In September 1853, many well-travelled, knowledgeable
 customers spontaneously wrote letters to <italic>The Times</italic>
 complaining about over-priced, uncomfortable English hotels compared to
 lower-priced, more comfortable European and North American hotels. The
 letters and editorials from <italic>The Times</italic> and other national
 newspapers campaigned for English hotels to adopt international hotel
 management innovations. The article suggests that this is an early example
 of pure diffusion in communicating innovations.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 159-178 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 58 
Year: 2016 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1039521 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1039521 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:2:p:159-178




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Smith 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith 
Title: The winds of change and the end of the Comprador System in the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation 
Abstract:
 There was a marked shift in attitudes towards racial and ethnic
 discrimination in the capitalist world in the 1960s. In Britain and other
 Western democracies, workplace discrimination became both illegal and
 socially unacceptable in the years around 1965. At about the same time,
 decolonisation accelerated. This article will show how the Hongkong and
 Shanghai Banking Corporation responded to this changing environment by
 reforming the way it treated non-British workers in Asian markets. Prior
 to the 1960s, workers had been assigned to ethnic layers, with ethnic
 Chinese individuals occupying the lowest group and British expatriates
 filling all executive posts. In the 1960s, this system was scrapped in
 favour of a less discriminatory one. This article, which is based on
 research in the company's archive as well as other primary sources, will
 explore how the bank shed the cultural and institutional legacies of
 colonialism, which included the so-called comprador system.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 179-206 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 58 
Year: 2016 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1041379 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1041379 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:2:p:179-206




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Carmela Schisani 
Author-X-Name-First: Maria Carmela 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schisani 
Author-Name: Francesca Caiazzo 
Author-X-Name-First: Francesca 
Author-X-Name-Last: Caiazzo 
Title: Networks of power and networks of capital: evidence from a peripheral area of the first globalisation. The energy sector in Naples: from gas to electricity (1862-1919) 
Abstract:
 At the moment of Italian political unification, the Mezzogiorno (i.e.
 Southern Italy) was affected by a deep institutional change and it entered
 the wave of financial market openness, attracting all forms of investments
 from international capital markets. Naples - after having lost its
 previous role as the Bourbon kingdom's capital city - enabled projects of
 large scale urban planning, beginning with basic public utilities. In this
 process, public and private lighting was chronologically the first area of
 interest - parallel with railway development planning - where
 international finance played a role. As evidence of the dynamics which
 brought this peripheral European area into the orbit of the first
 globalisation, this article addresses the complex business of energy
 supply in Naples - between 1862 and World War I - both from the point of
 view of its financial dynamics and the parallel evolution and
 organisational characteristics of the business actors involved. The Social
 Network Analysis (SNA) will support the reconstruction of the diversified
 and transnational businesses which the Neapolitan energy business was
 integrated in, at the same time giving evidence of both the bindings
 linking legally independent companies and the multiple relations between
 the actors involved. The transition from gas to electricity during this
 time marked the transition from weak to strong corporate ties according to
 the evolutionary trends both of technology and international financial
 markets.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 207-243 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 58 
Year: 2016 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1071796 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1071796 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:2:p:207-243




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pablo D�az-Morl�n 
Author-X-Name-First: Pablo 
Author-X-Name-Last: D�az-Morl�n 
Author-Name: Miguel S�ez-Garc�a 
Author-X-Name-First: Miguel 
Author-X-Name-Last: S�ez-Garc�a 
Title: The European response to the challenge of the Japanese steel industry (1950-1980) 
Abstract:
 Between 1950 and 1980, the European delay with respect to Japan and the
 relative loss of competitiveness in the integrated steel industry was due
 to an institutional, geographical and economic logic based largely on
 historical factors. Europe had a long steel-making history that was
 closely related to its sources of raw materials. The new technological
 paradigm turned this former advantage into a clear disadvantage, while the
 large investments made in the Thomas and open hearth processes and the
 affordable price of scrap delayed the adoption of the Basic Oxygen Furnace
 (BOF) until its superiority had been clearly demonstrated. The European
 steel industry was not at the forefront of the transformation, but merely
 adapting to the changes, pushed by the threat of a new uncomfortable
 competitor.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 244-263 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 58 
Year: 2016 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1082545 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1082545 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:2:p:244-263




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jordi Planas 
Author-X-Name-First: Jordi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Planas 
Title: The emergence of winemaking cooperatives in Catalonia 
Abstract:
 This article traces the emergence of winemaking cooperatives in Catalonia,
 one of southern Europe's main winegrowing regions. It analyses the stimuli
 that led to the creation of winemaking cooperatives in the early twentieth
 century and the difficulties that they faced in a depressed wine market,
 such as financing the construction of winemaking facilities, the
 governance and organisation of cooperative services, and marketing their
 produce. I explore the reasons why many more wine cooperatives were
 created in Catalonia in early twentieth century than in Spain's other
 winegrowing regions and I try to identify the obstacles that hindered
 their further development.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 264-282 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 58 
Year: 2016 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1082546 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1082546 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:2:p:264-282




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anthony John Arnold 
Author-X-Name-First: Anthony John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Arnold 
Title: Business returns from gold price fixing and bullion trading on the interwar London market  
Abstract:
 From September 1919, the world price of gold was 'fixed' daily in London
 by a small group of licensed traders. The arrangement was not ideal, as it
 advantaged the traders concerned, but it was seen by the Bank of England
 at the time as critical to British economy recovery and to the maintenance
 of London's position as a world trading centre. This article examines the
 available archival evidence on whether direct knowledge of the workings of
 the mechanism enabled Mocatta and Goldsmid, traders central to the
 operations of the 'gold fix', to earn unusually high profits across the
 interwar period.
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 283-308 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 58 
Year: 2016 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1083012 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1083012 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:2:p:283-308




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Title: Building a market. The rise of the home improvement industry, 1914-1960 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 309-310 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 58 
Year: 2016 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1031333 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1031333 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:2:p:309-310




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Warwick 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Warwick 
Title: The triumph of emptiness; consumption, higher education and work organization 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 310-312 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 58 
Year: 2016 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1031334 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1031334 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:2:p:310-312




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: Le cr�dit � la consommation en France, 1947-1965. De la stigmatisation � la r�glementation 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 312-313 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 58 
Year: 2016 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1037580 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1037580 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:2:p:312-313




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin 
Title: Le grand �tat-major financier: les inspecteurs des Finances, 1918-1946. Les hommes, le m�tier, les carri�res 
Journal: Business History 
Pages: 314-316 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 58 
Year: 2016 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1068516 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1068516 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:2:p:314-316




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Perspectives articles for 
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1-3
Issue: 1
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1254935
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1254935
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jordi Catalan Vidal
Author-X-Name-First: Jordi
Author-X-Name-Last: Catalan Vidal
Title: The stagflation crisis and the European automotive industry, 1973–85
Abstract: 
 The success in coping with the stagflation crisis depended on two groups of factors. On the one hand, survival depended on assemblers’ strategies to promote economies of scale and scope, process and product innovation, related diversification, internationalisation and, sometimes, changes of ownership. On the other, firms benefitted from long-term path-dependent growth in their countries of origin’s industrial systems. Indeed, the main winners of the period, Toyota and Volkswagen, can rightly be seen as outstanding examples of Confucian and Rhine capitalism. However, since then, global convergence with Anglo-Saxon capitalism may have eroded some of the institutional bases of their strength.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 4-34
Issue: 1
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1237505
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1237505
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James T. Walker
Author-X-Name-First: James T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Walker
Title: Voluntary export restraints between Britain and Japan: The case of the UK car market (1971–2002)
Abstract: 
 The rise in international markets of new, productive Japanese car manufacturers provoked intense world competition, which created serious doubts about the economic sustainability of an industry mostly dominated until the 1970s by European and North-American multinational companies. Ultimately, this crisis provoked a deep transformation of the industry, with consequences that had a permanent impact on European companies in the sector. American and later European manufacturers were successful in lobbying governments to provide protection. Using a rich source of data from the UK, I show that the ‘new trade policy’, voluntary export restraint (VER), placed on Japanese exports of new cars from 1977 to December 1999, was binding. This case study illustrates the strategies used by Japanese manufacturers to gain access to the European market through the UK market via strategic alliances and later through transplant production, against which continental European nation states were unable to fully insulate themselves. It is also shown that the policy had a profound effect on the nature of Japanese products, as Japanese firms responded to the quantity restraints by radically altering the product characteristics of their automobiles and shifting towards larger autos and new goods, to maximise their profits subject to the binding constraint.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 35-55
Issue: 1
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1038519
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1038519
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:1:p:35-55




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tom Donnelly
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: Donnelly
Author-Name: Jason Begley
Author-X-Name-First: Jason
Author-X-Name-Last: Begley
Author-Name: Clive Collis
Author-X-Name-First: Clive
Author-X-Name-Last: Collis
Title: The West Midlands automotive industry: the road downhill
Abstract: 
 This article examines how the structure of the automotive industry in the West Midlands has changed since the 1970s. In the early 1970s the region accounted for about 60% of total car production in the UK. By 2008, this had dwindled to 18%. The discussion here will focus particularly on the most likely reasons for the decline in volume production and the area’s increasing reliance on relatively small scale luxury car production. The automotive industry was caught up in the general de-industrialisation that took place in the region since the mid-1960s prior to the economic crisis of the early 1980s, as well as suffering from the effects of increasing globalisation in the car industry itself. By 2008 the context for the sector had become the global financial crisis. Due to a lack of economies of scale and investment domestic firms such as British Leyland (BL) and Rootes became increasingly unable to compete in the market place despite restructuring and government intervention. Similarly, foreign direct investment (FDI) by firms such as Chrysler, Peugeot, BMW and Ford through a series of takeovers failed to restore prosperity and eventually all of them withdrew from the region. The outcomes have led to factory closures and a hollowing out of both the assembly and component sides of the industry, leaving the region heavily dependent on Jaguar and Land Rover (JLR) which was acquired in 2008 by the Indian conglomerate, Tata. This article assesses the reasons for the decline of the automotive sector in the West Midlands region by contextualising its growth and decline against that of the UK auto sector as a whole. Considerable emphasis is placed on the fates of a number of key firms in the region – the British Leyland Motor Corporation (BLMC), MG Rover, Rootes and Jaguar – with explanations offered for their respective failures.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 56-74
Issue: 1
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1235559
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1235559
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:1:p:56-74




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tommaso Pardi
Author-X-Name-First: Tommaso
Author-X-Name-Last: Pardi
Title: Industrial policy and the British automotive industry under Margaret Thatcher
Abstract: 
 When one looks at the landscape of the European automobile industry before and after the economic crisis of the 1970s, the major difference lies in Great Britain. Everywhere else, the ‘national champions’ also went through periods of crisis but managed to maintain or restore control over their national markets with the support of their governments and main stakeholders. In Britain, not only did the nationalised British Leyland (BL) lose half of its market share and did not manage to recover, despite substantial injections of capital from the State, but the British government also subsidised the establishment of a new domestic competitor, the Japanese carmaker Nissan, followed in the 1990s by Honda and Toyota. This article exploits new archive material to advance a new explanation that connects these two ‘exceptional’ outcomes of the 1970s crisis on the British motor industry. It shows that the key to understanding this otherwise contradictory industrial policy lies in the shifting of political support from the ailing BL to its main suppliers.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 75-100
Issue: 1
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1223049
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1223049
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:1:p:75-100




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giuliano Maielli
Author-X-Name-First: Giuliano
Author-X-Name-Last: Maielli
Title: Path-dependent product development and Fiat's takeover of Lancia in 1969: meta-routines for design selection between synergies and brand autonomy
Abstract: 
 Fiat's acquisition of Lancia in 1969 represented an opportunity for Fiat to strengthen its position in the upper end of the European market. However, Lancia lost its brand identity as a high quality car manufacture, while the Fiat Group remained focused upon the lower end of the market. This article addresses why path-changing opportunities towards more flexible output-mix strategies that emerged at Fiat before and after acquiring Lancia did not unfold. It identifies and analyses the meta-routines for new design selection as the dynamic link between initial conditions of path dependence (development of design hierarchies at Fiat) and lock-in (an output-mix skewed towards utilitarian cars).
Journal: Business History
Pages: 101-120
Issue: 1
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1038520
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1038520
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:1:p:101-120




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tomàs Fernández-de-Sevilla
Author-X-Name-First: Tomàs
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández-de-Sevilla
Title: Growth amid a storm: Renault in Spain during the stagflation crisis, 1974–1985
Abstract: 
 The aim of this article is to analyse the trajectory of FASA-Renault during the stagflation crisis. In late 1972, the Spanish government enacted the so-called Ford decrees. The intention was to stimulate specialisation in the European arena by inserting the Spanish subsidiaries within the international strategies of large transnational corporations. In doing so, the effects of the economic crisis were compounded by the restructuring of the sector. The goal is to understand how, in the midst of this situation, FASA-Renault was able to increase production and the size of its workforce, ultimately becoming the leading firm in the sector in terms of production and sales in Spain. This is remarkable, due to the fact that labour force participation in Spain fell by nearly 3 million people from 1974 to 1985. The article argues that FASA-Renault, albeit with nuances, kept its commitment to diversification, neither adopting practices inspired by the production systems of the large Japanese manufacturers nor following the model put forward by the US giants based on large-scale production of a single low- to mid-range car for export.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 121-140
Issue: 1
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1223050
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1223050
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:1:p:121-140




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thomas Fetzer
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Fetzer
Title: Reversing gear: trade union responses to economic crises at Opel (1974–1985)
Abstract: 
 The oil crises of 1973 and 1979 ended Western Europe’s post-war boom and came as a shock for trade unions, as the combined effect of growing unemployment, heightened competition and accelerated technological change put organised labour on the defensive. The article illustrates this transformation with the example of Opel, where one of the most assertive German union organisations was suddenly forced to shift its focus from wage militancy to employment protection. The case study also highlights some of the key shifts in post-crises German trade union strategies, including the politics of working time reduction and a new emphasis on ‘co-management’.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 141-157
Issue: 1
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1223627
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1223627
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:1:p:141-157




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pamela A. Popielarz
Author-X-Name-First: Pamela A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Popielarz
Title: Moral dividends: Freemasonry and finance capitalism in early-nineteenth-century America
Abstract: 
 Using documents from the Grand Lodge of Free &amp; Accepted Masons of the State of Indiana (USA), I show how the material practices and symbolic orientations of finance capitalism became transposed into Freemasonry in the early-nineteenth century. I briefly discuss why this happened and point to how these developments shaped the institutional trajectory of Freemasonry. Next, I observe that the symbolic moral standing of Freemasonry became transposed onto finance capitalism as undertaken by its members and other white men like them. After a brief explanation, I outline how these developments affected the institutionalisation of finance capitalism.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 655-676
Issue: 5
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1248946
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1248946
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:5:p:655-676




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Olivier Butzbach
Author-X-Name-First: Olivier
Author-X-Name-Last: Butzbach
Title: From data problems to questions about sources: elements towards an institutional analysis of population-level organisational change. The case of British building societies, 1845–1980
Abstract: 
 Institutional analyses of population-level organisational change seem particularly well suited to the task of further incorporating historical concerns into organisational theory, as has been advocated by a growing number of authors, both within business history and management and organisation studies. Such an approach has been applied, in particular, to studies of shifts in organisational forms within the early-twentieth-century US thrift industry. The aim of this article, building on the case study of British building societies during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, is to uncover both the promises and the limitations of this approach in terms of historical epistemology and methodology, and suggest ways to further consolidate the historical grounding of similar approaches to organisational change. In particular, detailed attention paid to sources and to periodisation may point towards improvements in methodology, both within historical institutionalism and neo-institutionalist history.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 754-777
Issue: 5
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1274304
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1274304
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:5:p:754-777




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jarmo Seppälä
Author-X-Name-First: Jarmo
Author-X-Name-Last: Seppälä
Title: Managing the paradox of unwanted efficiency: The symbolic legitimation of the hypermarket format in Finland, 1960–1975
Abstract: 
 Occasionally, organisations are forced to adopt new practices that are inconsistent with the expectations of their stakeholders. An immediate adoption of the practices would risk the organisation’s legitimacy, but as previous research has noted, the perceptions of organisational stakeholders can be managed through symbolic actions. In this article, I examine how actors from four retail organisations symbolically legitimated the adoption of the hypermarket format within their individual contexts by means of internal professional magazines. The analysis suggests that the organisations buttressed their legitimacy by reversing Meyer and Rowan’s idea of loose coupling – adopting the new practice but maintaining their formal appearances.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 699-727
Issue: 5
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1304540
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1304540
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:5:p:699-727




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Neil Thompson
Author-X-Name-First: Neil
Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson
Title: Hey DJ, don’t stop the music: Institutional work and record pooling practices in the United States’ music industry
Abstract: 
 Heeding calls to generate a creative synthesis between business history and organisation studies, this article analyses the emergence, institutionalisation and digitalisation of record pooling practices through the lens of institutional work. By developing an ‘analytically structured history’, this article contributes to the field of business history by demonstrating the value of practice and boundary work as organising categories. Practice and boundary work capture the continuous, recursive relations between structure and agency when constructing narrative explanations. It also contributes to neo-institutionalist history by demonstrating the embeddedness of institutional work – the everyday motivations and actions to revise practices and boundaries are shown to be intimately shaped by the conditions and affordances of historically-situated technologies.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 677-698
Issue: 5
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1308485
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1308485
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:5:p:677-698




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aya S. Chacar
Author-X-Name-First: Aya S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Chacar
Author-Name: Sokol Celo
Author-X-Name-First: Sokol
Author-X-Name-Last: Celo
Author-Name: William Hesterly
Author-X-Name-First: William
Author-X-Name-Last: Hesterly
Title: Change dynamics in institutional discontinuities: Do formal or informal institutions change first? Lessons from rule changes in professional American baseball
Abstract: 
 Extant research presents a conflicting picture of change dynamics during institutional discontinuities. Some studies propose or depict formal rules as changing first. Others argue that norms need to change before formal rules can be revisited, let alone change. An examination of the literature suggests a contingency theory. In mature organisational fields with institutionalised informal rules, norms need to be questioned and changed before any change in formal rules can take place. On the other hand, in emergent organisational fields – where no particular rules of the game have been institutionalised ‒ change in higher-level institutions begins with a change in formal rules. The article also presents two historical cases of major institutional change in professional American baseball that illustrate the theory proposed.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 728-753
Issue: 5
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1342811
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1342811
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:5:p:728-753




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: R. Daniel Wadhwani
Author-X-Name-First: R. Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Wadhwani
Title: Interfield Dynamics: Law and the creation of new organisational fields in the nineteenth-century United States
Abstract: 
 This article draws on the concept of ‘strategic action fields’ to examine the interaction of law and organisations in the nineteenth-century United States. Focusing on the emergence of savings banking, it analyses how new legal rules were created to define the actors, actions and relationships that constituted the organisational field. The article develops three conceptual claims about the dynamics of institutional contexts: (a) the configuration of state fields shaped the nature and timing of legal rule making vis-à-vis organisational fields; (b) state actors engaged in ‘inter-field framing’ by applying analogies from the legal field to define social order in the organisational one; and (c) the legal and organisational fields were mutually constituted through these interactions. The article concludes by elaborating on the broader value of the theory of fields in business history.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 628-654
Issue: 5
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1346610
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1346610
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:5:p:628-654




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephanie Decker
Author-X-Name-First: Stephanie
Author-X-Name-Last: Decker
Author-Name: Behlül Üsdiken
Author-X-Name-First: Behlül
Author-X-Name-Last: Üsdiken
Author-Name: Lars Engwall
Author-X-Name-First: Lars
Author-X-Name-Last: Engwall
Author-Name: Michael Rowlinson
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Rowlinson
Title: Special issue introduction: Historical research on institutional change
Abstract: 
 Both business historians and organisation studies scholars study institutional change to understand the interactions between business and society. However, research approaches differ fundamentally, with organisational research focusing on theory-driven explanations, whereas historical research is rather theory-informed. The consequence of such disciplinary orientation is that interdisciplinary conversations rarely occur. For this special issue, we invited submissions that address how historical research can contribute to our understanding of institutional change while demonstrating ‘dual integrity’ in terms of being significant pieces of historical research that provide us with new insights into historiography and at the same time addressing important theoretical concerns.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 613-627
Issue: 5
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1427736
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1427736
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:5:p:613-627




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Correction to: Interfield Dynamics: Law and the creation of new organisational fields in the nineteenth-century United States
Journal: Business History
Pages: x-x
Issue: 5
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1432458
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1432458
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:5:p:x-x




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paloma Fernández Pérez
Author-X-Name-First: Paloma
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández Pérez
Author-Name: Nuria Puig
Author-X-Name-First: Nuria
Author-X-Name-Last: Puig
Author-Name: Esteban García-Canal
Author-X-Name-First: Esteban
Author-X-Name-Last: García-Canal
Author-Name: Mauro F. Guillén
Author-X-Name-First: Mauro F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Guillén
Title: Learning from giants: Early exposure to advance markets in the growth and internationalisation of Spanish health care corporations in the twentieth century
Abstract: 
 This article examines the influence of early exposure to advanced markets of the United States and Germany in the growth and internationalization of health care firms from Spain, a late industrialised country. Based on the case studies of the Spanish corporations Grifols and Ferrer, the study shows that early exposure to advanced markets helped them grow in their national markets, and in the world health care industry. It shows further that the specific capabilities developed by both firms were determined by path-dependent networks with scientists and institutions, on the one hand; and strategic alliances, acquisitions and mergers with German and US corporations on the other.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 404-428
Issue: 3
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1369528
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1369528
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:3:p:404-428




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jerònia Pons-Pons
Author-X-Name-First: Jerònia
Author-X-Name-Last: Pons-Pons
Author-Name: Margarita Vilar-Rodríguez
Author-X-Name-First: Margarita
Author-X-Name-Last: Vilar-Rodríguez
Title: The genesis, growth and organisational changes of private health insurance companies in Spain (1915–2015)
Abstract: 
 The crisis of welfare states in Europe has offered a growing market share to private health insurance companies. Health insurance is currently one of the fastest growing branches of private insurance business in developed countries. However, much remains to investigate about the origin and evolution of the companies in this sector. This article analyses the genesis, growth and organisational changes of health insurance companies in Spain from the creation of the first medical associations in the 1930s to the modern health insurance companies of today. Spain represents an interesting case study to investigate how changes in the public health model for the long period under study allowed private companies to maintain a changing relationship competitive and partnership with the state.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 558-579
Issue: 3
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1374371
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1374371
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:3:p:558-579




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pierre-Yves Donzé
Author-X-Name-First: Pierre-Yves
Author-X-Name-Last: Donzé
Title: Architects and knowledge transfer in hospital systems: The introduction of Western hospital designs in Japan (1918–1970)
Abstract: 
 This article addresses hospitals as medical technology in itself and discusses the evolution of hospital design. As a case study, it focuses on Japan from 1918 to 1970. Hospital systems in this country experienced a major shift between the prewar and postwar periods. While the prewar period was characterised by the domination of numerous private small hospitals in urban areas, the postwar reconstruction was based on the extension of large public hospitals. This article demonstrates the major roles that architects played in introducing hospital designs in Japan and adapting the Western functional model for use in the country.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 538-557
Issue: 3
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1418859
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1418859
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:3:p:538-557




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ken Sakai
Author-X-Name-First: Ken
Author-X-Name-Last: Sakai
Title: Thriving in the shadow of giants: The success of the Japanese surgical needle producer MANI, 1956–2016
Abstract: 
 Large companies have a clear presence in the medical instruments industry, but in their shadow, many small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have successfully carved out and defended niches. This article examines one of these enterprises in detail: MANI, a Japanese company that manufactured the world’s first stainless steel surgical needles and remains among the top three producers of these needles today. This article explains the company’s success using the ‘dynamic imbalance’ framework; this framework helps map MANI’s development of a sustainable competitive advantage as the result of internally driven and repeated processes rather than externally driven and specific technological inventions.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 429-455
Issue: 3
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1424833
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1424833
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:3:p:429-455




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sabine Schleiermacher
Author-X-Name-First: Sabine
Author-X-Name-Last: Schleiermacher
Title: ‘Importance of Germany to Countries around and to World Economy makes it impossible to ignore’ – The Rockefeller Foundation and Public Health in Germany after WWII
Abstract: 
 After WWII, the restoration of medical care and Public Health Service were the most important goals of the allied forces in Germany. They saw a connection between the population’s health condition and its economic prosperity, which the Western Allies perceived as prerequisite for democracy. The allies participated in reforming the social security system. The Rockefeller Foundation provided grants for the modernisation of public health in Germany by initiating a transatlantic visitation program and a school of Public Health. This involvement stands in connection with the European Recovery Program and can be understood as an addition to US–American economic plan.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 481-497
Issue: 3
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1432597
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1432597
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:3:p:481-497




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jean-Paul Domin
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Domin
Title: Socialisation of healthcare demand and development of the French health system (1890–1938)
Abstract: 
 This work assesses, by relying on methods of business history, the transformations of health policy from the end of the nineteenth century till the eve of the Second World War. The objective of this policy is to favour the access to health care of an increasing share of the population. The transformation went through two distinct stages. During the first period (1890–1914), the presence in the circles of power of supporters of social reform favoured the emergence of welfare and insurance laws. But at the end of World War One, the system showed its limitations. The public authorities then engaged in a debate on the vote on social insurance. The bill, submitted to the House of Commons, was finally passed in 1930. The Act was carried by a relatively large political majority and a small number of civil servants. This law would have undoubtedly beneficial effects on the medicalisation of French society.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 498-517
Issue: 3
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1454433
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1454433
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:3:p:498-517




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maki Umemura
Author-X-Name-First: Maki
Author-X-Name-Last: Umemura
Title: Challenging the Problem of ‘Fit’: Advancing the Regenerative Medicine Industries in the United States, Britain and Japan
Abstract: 
 This article follows the evolution of biopharmaceutical firms as they bore great uncertainty and risks in their endeavours to commercialise new therapies – through the regenerative medicine industry in the United States, Britain and Japan. Despite its beginnings in the 1970s, regenerative medicines have yet to become a widely accepted form of medicine. A large part of the problem lay with the lack of ‘fit’ with the broader health context. This article illustrates how the trajectory of the sector was shaped, not only by the nature of the technology, but also by the complex contexts in which firms were embedded.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 456-480
Issue: 3
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1476496
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1476496
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:3:p:456-480




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roser Alvarez-Klee
Author-X-Name-First: Roser
Author-X-Name-Last: Alvarez-Klee
Title: China: The development of the health system during the Maoist period (1949–76)
Abstract: 
 The Maoist period (1949–76) is considered an outstanding stage in Chinese history for its improvements in public health and welfare. In particular, the decrease in infectious diseases led to reduced mortality rates and increased life expectancy. This success can be attributed to the policies implemented in the health-care system during this period. However, different stages defined this process. The aim of this article is to determine whether health inequality in China was evident and consistent during the whole period. To determine this, provincial data were drawn on to undertake a comparative study in the allocation of health resources in different regions. In order to understand the dynamics of the health system during this period, the article focuses on one province in particular, that of Henan. The findings indicate that there were variations in the distribution of health resources among provinces during the Maoist era. The available figures indicate that there was a general increase in health resources in China. However, this did not prevent Henan province from experiencing a great decline in its health system during the Cultural Revolution (1966–76). Future research must be carried out to determine whether the inequality of health inputs in China during the Maoist period was positively correlated with the inequality of the health outputs nationwide.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 518-537
Issue: 3
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1480611
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1480611
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:3:p:518-537




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pierre-Yves Donzé
Author-X-Name-First: Pierre-Yves
Author-X-Name-Last: Donzé
Author-Name: Paloma Fernández Pérez
Author-X-Name-First: Paloma
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández Pérez
Title: Health Industries in the Twentieth Century
Abstract: 
 This article is the introduction to the special issue’ Health Industries in the Twentieth Century’. It offers a broad literature review of scholarly works about the history of health and medicine, and stresses the opportunities for business historians to tackle the field of healthcare.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 385-403
Issue: 3
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1572116
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1572116
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:3:p:385-403




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Douglas J. Cumming
Author-X-Name-First: Douglas J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Cumming
Author-Name: Alessandra Guariglia
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Guariglia
Author-Name: Wenxuan Hou
Author-X-Name-First: Wenxuan
Author-X-Name-Last: Hou
Author-Name: Edward Lee
Author-X-Name-First: Edward
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee
Title: Special Issue: History and Evolution of Entrepreneurship and Finance in China
Journal: Business History
Pages: 317-318
Issue: 3
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1122701
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1122701
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:3:p:317-318




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Atherton
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Atherton
Author-Name: Alex Newman
Author-X-Name-First: Alex
Author-X-Name-Last: Newman
Title: The emergence of the private entrepreneur in reform era China: re-birth of an earlier tradition, or a more recent product of development and change?
Abstract: 
 A private sector that now dominates economic activity has emerged in China since 1978, even though many of the essential institutions for market competition have been lacking or are under-developed. We find that there is no evidence that this upsurge of entrepreneurship is a re-birth of an earlier tradition. Instead, the dynamics of entrepreneurial emergence can be attributed to reforms and institutional changes that have occurred since 1949, both before and after the introduction of economic reforms in late 1978. We find that these institutional changes have been evolutionary, adapting to, as well as shaping, emerging forms of economic activity, including entrepreneurship. Our conclusion is that these dynamics of adaptation and evolution produce ‘rule ambiguities’ within the institutional framework that create opportunities for entrepreneurs as well as making these opportunities vulnerable to further institutional change.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 319-344
Issue: 3
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1122702
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1122702
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:3:p:319-344




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Douglas Cumming
Author-X-Name-First: Douglas
Author-X-Name-Last: Cumming
Author-Name: Grant Fleming
Author-X-Name-First: Grant
Author-X-Name-Last: Fleming
Title: Taking China private: The Carlyle Group, leveraged buyouts and financial capitalism in Greater China
Abstract: 
 This article analyses the introduction of leveraged buyouts in China and Taiwan. It focuses on how leveraged buyout firms (foreign financial intermediaries) operate in institutional environments where the state and family blockholder groups are important owners and stakeholders in the private sector. The Carlyle Group’s acquisition of three companies – Xugong Group Construction Machinery; Advanced Semiconductor Engineering; and Ta Chong Bank – provide empirical case studies of stakeholder receptiveness and views on the value of Carlyle’s firm specific resources. We find that the ability of target firms to exploit the resource advantages brought by leveraged buyout firms requires a supportive institutional framework and willingness by intermediaries to adapt their strategies to a range of stakeholders’ claims.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 345-363
Issue: 3
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1122703
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1122703
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:3:p:345-363




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew C. Godley
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Godley
Author-Name: Haiming Hang
Author-X-Name-First: Haiming
Author-X-Name-Last: Hang
Title: Collective financing among Chinese entrepreneurs and department store retailing in China 
Abstract: 
 Chinese entrepreneurship in department store retailing differed from that seen in other emerging economies before 1940. Rather than the leading examples of the format being owned by advanced economy firms, in China a small group of Cantonese entrepreneurs established what became known as the ‘Big Four’ department stores in Shanghai. By 1940 the ‘Big Four’ department stores were among the most famous stores in China, and among the biggest businesses in China. None of these Chinese entrepreneurs had any prior experience in department store retailing. Rather this article explains how their success in department store retailing was dependent on a business model that enabled these Chinese entrepreneurs to act as informal investment bankers (or ‘shadow’ banks) for the thousands of overseas Chinese wanting to invest surplus savings in mainland China, so creating large indigenous business groups.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 364-377
Issue: 3
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1122706
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1122706
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:3:p:364-377




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xiuping Hua
Author-X-Name-First: Xiuping
Author-X-Name-Last: Hua
Author-Name: Yuhuilin Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Yuhuilin
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Shameen Prashantham
Author-X-Name-First: Shameen
Author-X-Name-Last: Prashantham
Title: Institutional logic dynamics: private firm financing in Ningbo (1912–2008)
Abstract: 
 This study examines the evolution of institutional logics and private firm financing practices in Ningbo, a commercial seaport city in China where the private sector has prospered for centuries, during 1912–2008. We argue that a three-fold institutionalisation process becomes evident when we view changes since 1912; namely institutionalisation, deinstitutionalisation and reinstitutionalisation of entrepreneurship and the associated financing of private firms. Two competing institutional logics, community and market logics, with the former being dominant but gradually giving way to the latter over time in the first stage (the Republican era of China), were eliminated in the second stage (the centrally-planned economy era), but have re-emerged and co-existed in the third stage (the economic reform era). However, unlike in the past, community logic is now subordinate and informal rather than dominant and formal, indicating that, although cyclical patterns are observed, institutional paths are not uniform.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 378-407
Issue: 3
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1122707
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1122707
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:3:p:378-407




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cheryl Susan McWatters
Author-X-Name-First: Cheryl Susan
Author-X-Name-Last: McWatters
Author-Name: Qiu Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Qiu
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Shujun Ding
Author-X-Name-First: Shujun
Author-X-Name-Last: Ding
Author-Name: Wenxuan Hou
Author-X-Name-First: Wenxuan
Author-X-Name-Last: Hou
Author-Name: Zhenyu Wu
Author-X-Name-First: Zhenyu
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu
Title: Family business development in mainland China from 1872 to 1949
Abstract: 
 This study reviews family business in mainland China from 1872 to 1949 and provides evidence of its early development and its origins in 1872 when the first modern manufacturing firm was founded. We analyse the social, economic, and political environment in which family firms in mainland China were embedded to improve our understanding of how this unique organisational form was established and developed. Our analyses cover the late Qing Dynasty and the period from 1912 to 1949 during which the Republic of China (ROC) ruled mainland China. Implications for current family business theory and practice are discussed.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 408-432
Issue: 3
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1122709
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1122709
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:3:p:408-432




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Craig Wilson
Author-X-Name-First: Craig
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson
Author-Name: Fan Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Fan
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Title: Shanxi Piaohao and Shanghai Qianzhuang: a comparison of the two main banking systems of nineteenth-century China
Abstract: 
 We investigate the creation, development, and main business strategies of Shanxi Piaohao banks and Shanghai Qianzhuang banks. We also detail the characteristics associated with governance and family involvement in these different banking systems, and compare the two systems to illustrate differences in business practices. Piaohao banks had very conservative business practices, and Qianzhuang banks had very risky business practices. These differences arose from different intermediation needs in the two regions, and they were associated with different governance and ownership structures, which led to substantially different methods for dealing with potential agency problems.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 433-452
Issue: 3
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1122711
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1122711
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:3:p:433-452




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patricio S&#xE1;iz
Author-X-Name-First: Patricio
Author-X-Name-Last: S&#xE1;iz
Author-Name: Rafael Castro
Author-X-Name-First: Rafael
Author-X-Name-Last: Castro
Title: Trademarks in branding: Legal issues and commercial practices
Abstract: 
 The call for a special symposium on &#x2018;The Brand and Its History&#x2019; has led to two journal issues that focus on trademarks and brands, respectively. This issue is devoted to trademarks, the more concrete, well-documented, and measurable aspect of brands. This editorial introduces trademark studies; summarises previous contributions from economic, legal, business, and historical literature; provides a short overview of the topics and findings of the seven articles included in this issue; and reflects on further research.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1103-1124
Issue: 8
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1497765
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1497765
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:8:p:1103-1124




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlo Marco Belfanti
Author-X-Name-First: Carlo Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Belfanti
Title: Branding before the brand: Marks, imitations and counterfeits in pre-modern Europe
Abstract: 
 This article aims to analyse the practices of branding adopted in the European pre-modern economy in order to communicate information about the product to the consumer. It examines the nature and function of master&#x2019;s marks and collective marks and their interaction with processes of imitation and counterfeiting, and takes a stance in the debate on the origins of the modern brand, arguing in favour of the thesis that early forms of brand may be found only in the economic context of the eighteenth century and not before.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1125-1144
Issue: 8
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1282946
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1282946
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:8:p:1125-1144




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Duguid
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Duguid
Title: Early marks: American trademarks before US trademark law
Abstract: 
 Historians identify the process of registration as key to the &#x2018;modern mark&#x2019;. Hence the introduction of trademark registration with the US federal law of 1870 appears as a pivotal event, endorsing Chandlerean accounts of the modern mark as a product of the &#x2018;Second Industrial Revolution&#x2019;. Such accounts overlook the earlier registration laws in places where economic conditions challenge claims for an industrial origin to registration. This article looks at California&#x2019;s registration law, which antedated the US federal law by seven years, asking whether it is merely an exception to prove the Chandlerean rule, or an example that asks us to question Chandlerean assumptions.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1145-1168
Issue: 8
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1246541
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1246541
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:8:p:1145-1168




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Teresa da Silva Lopes
Author-X-Name-First: Teresa da Silva
Author-X-Name-Last: Lopes
Author-Name: Carlos Gabriel Guimar&#xE3;es
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos Gabriel
Author-X-Name-Last: Guimar&#xE3;es
Author-Name: Alexandre Saes
Author-X-Name-First: Alexandre
Author-X-Name-Last: Saes
Author-Name: Luiz Fernando Saraiva
Author-X-Name-First: Luiz Fernando
Author-X-Name-Last: Saraiva
Title: The &#x2018;disguised&#x2019; foreign investor: Brands, trademarks and the British expatriate entrepreneur in Brazil
Abstract: 
 This article examines the impact of the British expatriate entrepreneur, and his processes of knowledge transfer, on the industrialization and economic development of Brazil between 1875 and 1914. It focuses on the textiles industry, and combines original trademark data with conventional trade and investment statistics, and also case study analysis about firms and their entrepreneurs. It argues that British investment in Brazil was higher and had a deeper impact on economic development than considered by existing research, as expatriate entrepreneurs &#x2018;disguised&#x2019; a substantial amount of foreign investments by acting as shareholders and top managers of newly established local businesses.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1169-1193
Issue: 8
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1287174
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1287174
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:8:p:1169-1193




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Igor Go&#xF1;i-Mendizabal
Author-X-Name-First: Igor
Author-X-Name-Last: Go&#xF1;i-Mendizabal
Title: Brands in the Basque gun making industry: The case of ASTRA-Unceta y C&#xED;a
Abstract: 
 Basque gun making was an exception in early twentieth-century Spanish industry due to its high proportion of exports. The intense growth of handgun production during those years resulted from several factors such as Spanish patent law, the revolution in transport and communications, the electrification of manufacturing and the organisation of the sector as an industrial district. This article aims to analyse the role that brands played in this success, employing not only quantitative information but also the correspondence of one of the most important manufacturers of that time. Beyond counterfeiting, Basque gun making showed extraordinary marketing performance in which branding strategies were decisive for its success.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1194-1224
Issue: 8
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1282947
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1282947
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:8:p:1194-1224




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ilaria Suffia
Author-X-Name-First: Ilaria
Author-X-Name-Last: Suffia
Author-Name: Andrea Maria Locatelli
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Locatelli
Author-Name: Claudio Besana
Author-X-Name-First: Claudio
Author-X-Name-Last: Besana
Title: Cheese trademarks: Italian dairy firms&#x2019; practices during the 20th century
Abstract: 
 Trademarks have recently become a very useful source for business historians. This longitudinal analysis of the twentieth-century trademarking activities of the most important Italian dairy firms of the era, namely Galbani, Invernizzi and Locatelli, demonstrates that trademarks were used both as a protective weapon against competitors and as an innovation carrier to open up new markets. This article also argues that trademark registrations had another dual purpose &#x2013; not only were they used as buffers against negative shocks but they were also used to support periods of economic growth. A fundamental finding of this work is that trademarks, across various types of registrations, were closely connected to the features on which the companies based their sales strategies.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1225-1252
Issue: 8
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1379506
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1379506
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:8:p:1225-1252




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thomas Mollanger
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Mollanger
Title: The effects of producers&#x2019; trademark strategies on the structure of the cognac brandy supply chain during the second half of the 19th century. The reconfiguration of commercial trust by the use of brands
Abstract: 
 The role of intermediaries in the distribution system of the cognac brandy trade changed with the choice of brand strategies by producers, thanks to the development of favorable legislation for property rights. Prior to the enforcement of trademark laws, consumers relied heavily upon the personal reputations of retailers in order to choose the spirits they drank. The recognition of producers&#x2019; trademarks in the second half of the nineteenth century reconfigured the issue of trust by allowing producers to integrate forward into distribution and marketing and by allowing consumers to trust an entity that they did not know personally: producers&#x2019; brands. They took over part of retailers&#x2019; work and tried to monitor intermediaries so as to enhance their own name as a sign of quality.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1253-1274
Issue: 8
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1357696
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1357696
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:8:p:1253-1274




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jose Bellido
Author-X-Name-First: Jose
Author-X-Name-Last: Bellido
Author-Name: Kathy Bowrey
Author-X-Name-First: Kathy
Author-X-Name-Last: Bowrey
Title: Disney in Spain (1930&#x2013;1935)
Abstract: 
 This article looks at the ways in which the global brand par excellence &#x2013; Mickey Mouse &#x2013; spread throughout Spain in the early 1930s. In tracing the creative and commercial interplay with the Mickey character we show how the Disney Company failed to obtain any significant intellectual property rights in its own name or obtain a sympathetic hearing by Spanish patent and trademark officials. Yet this was undoubtedly a period of significant global development of the Disney brand. With the attempt to explain such an apparent contradictory situation, this article highlights the importance of the management of particular struggles in the flux of desires, appropriation and investments that contributed to the emergence of the elusive &#x2018;merchandising right&#x2019;.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1275-1305
Issue: 8
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1299129
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1299129
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:8:p:1275-1305




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: Bordeaux et les États-Unis, 1776–1815. Politique et stratégie négociantes dans la genèse d’un réseau commercial
Journal: Business History
Pages: 371-373
Issue: 2
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1191839
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1191839
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:2:p:371-373




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rémi Bourguignon
Author-X-Name-First: Rémi
Author-X-Name-Last: Bourguignon
Author-Name: Mathieu Floquet
Author-X-Name-First: Mathieu
Author-X-Name-Last: Floquet
Title: When union strategy meets business strategy: The union voucher at Axa
Abstract: 
 In the 1980s, the French reformist union CFDT and insurance company Axa tested the union voucher. This was a novel solution for the union branch inside the company to address financial difficulties, broaden its membership base and generate new resources. The union voucher is a tool that provides unions with company funding: the company distributes vouchers to employees on an annual basis; employees then allocate the voucher (or not) to the union branch of their choice. The voucher system thus combines company financing and individual employee choice. Axa adopted the system in the early 1990s. Axa’s decision can ultimately be explained by its external growth strategy and because it needed to preserve a favourable climate during a period of intense restructuring. This article traces the history of the union voucher and assesses Axa’s experience.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 260-280
Issue: 2
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1368491
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1368491
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:2:p:260-280




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Collinge
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Collinge
Title: Guilds, authority and the individual: The Company of Mercers prosecution of Dorothy Gretton in early eighteenth-century Derby
Abstract: 
 Through a case study of the prosecution of milliner Dorothy Gretton by the Company of Mercers, this article investigates how shifting relationships between guild jurisdiction, patriarchy and familial influence affected a woman’s right to trade. Placed within the wider contexts of evolving economic practices and the expectation that many middle-ranking women should contribute to family incomes, it reveals how a minor spat in a provincial town escalated, drawing into its orbit the Lord Chief Justice of England. In doing so it highlights the obstacles and opportunities facing women in the early-modern economy.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 281-298
Issue: 2
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1368492
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1368492
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:2:p:281-298




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Volodymyr Kulikov
Author-X-Name-First: Volodymyr
Author-X-Name-Last: Kulikov
Author-Name: Martin Kragh
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Kragh
Title: Big business in the Russian empire: A European perspective
Abstract: 
 This paper presents an inventory of the largest private companies in the Russian Empire in 1914, and their comparison to the largest contemporary British, German, and French companies identified by Youssef Cassis as ‘big business’. It focusses on three questions. First, how big was big business in Russia from a European perspective? Second, how did the structure of big business in Russia compare to that of other large European economies? And finally, how did foreign entrepreneurship appear in Russian big business? Drawing on new empirical evidence, it contributes to the discussion on the ‘backward’ and ‘peripheral’ character of the Russian economy before the First World War.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 299-321
Issue: 2
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1374369
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1374369
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:2:p:299-321




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ann-Kristin Bergquist
Author-X-Name-First: Ann-Kristin
Author-X-Name-Last: Bergquist
Author-Name: Liselotte Eriksson
Author-X-Name-First: Liselotte
Author-X-Name-Last: Eriksson
Title: Sober business: Shared value creation between the insurance industry and the temperance movement
Abstract: 
 This study examines how the Swedish insurance company Ansvar established and expended an international business from the 1930s to the 1990s with the motives to insure total abstainers while battling against alcohol abuse in society. Anvar represented a for-profit business that aimed at addressing social issues. The case provides a historical example of how shared value was created between the company and the temperance movement for the joint goal of improving society through temperance. The article argues that the company’s decline was due to changing values, where alcohol was no longer seen as a threat to society.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 322-342
Issue: 2
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1380627
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1380627
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:2:p:322-342




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alex G. Gillett
Author-X-Name-First: Alex G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gillett
Title: The business of sports agents
Journal: Business History
Pages: 374-375
Issue: 2
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1388037
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1388037
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:2:p:374-375




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alice Janssens
Author-X-Name-First: Alice
Author-X-Name-Last: Janssens
Title: World market transformation: Inside the German fur capital Leipzig, 1870–1939
Journal: Business History
Pages: 376-377
Issue: 2
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1393904
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1393904
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:2:p:376-377




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marten Boon
Author-X-Name-First: Marten
Author-X-Name-Last: Boon
Title: Dutch enterprise in the twentieth century. Business strategies in a small open economy
Journal: Business History
Pages: 378-379
Issue: 2
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1393905
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1393905
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:2:p:378-379




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alex G. Gillett
Author-X-Name-First: Alex G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gillett
Title: Sport in Urban England: Middlesbrough, 1870–1914
Journal: Business History
Pages: 380-381
Issue: 2
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1394654
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1394654
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:2:p:380-381




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Catherine Armstrong
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine
Author-X-Name-Last: Armstrong
Title: Revolutions from Grub Street: A history of magazine publishing in Britain
Journal: Business History
Pages: 382-383
Issue: 2
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1423756
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1423756
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:2:p:382-383




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Oscar Gelderblom
Author-X-Name-First: Oscar
Author-X-Name-Last: Gelderblom
Author-Name: Francesca Trivellato
Author-X-Name-First: Francesca
Author-X-Name-Last: Trivellato
Title: The business history of the preindustrial world: Towards a comparative historical analysis
Abstract: 
 The organisation of business transactions in the preindustrial period, once a central concern in scholarly debates about the rise of capitalism, currently plays only a marginal role in the literature on long-run economic development. Our survey of the contents of five top-tier business and economic history journals published in the United Kingdom and the United States from 2000 to 2016 finds that only 20 per cent of the articles concern the entire period before 1800 and that, among those articles, most are national or regional in scope, with a disproportionate focus on Europe, and on England in particular. At the same time, our survey suggests that a strong theoretical foundation and rich empirical data exist on the basis of which we can develop a comparative business history of the preindustrial world. We identify four areas of enquiry that are especially conducive to further comparisons within and beyond Europe: the corporation, the family firms, the economic role of women, and the funding of private businesses.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 225-259
Issue: 2
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1426750
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1426750
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:2:p:225-259




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: In Woo Jun
Author-X-Name-First: In Woo
Author-X-Name-Last: Jun
Author-Name: Chris Rowley
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Rowley
Title: Competitive advantage and the transformation of value chains over time: The example of a South Korean diversified business group, 1953–2013
Abstract: 
 We examine the historical evolution of different elements in value chains that create value-added and competitive advantage. This is achieved by using the conceptual model of the ‘smile curve’ with a longitudinal case study of a diversified business group, CJ Group, a former affiliated firm of Samsung Group. We found that the value-added structure graph in the industrialisation period displayed an ‘upside-down U shape’, indicating that production and manufacturing were the most value-adding sectors. However, in the more recent knowledge-based economy period, the graph shows a quite different shape, indicating R&D, firm infrastructure, manufacturing, logistics, service, and marketing as sources of value-added. This shows that competitive advantage diversified into other fields to fit with the changed economy. We also investigate what type of organisational structure, strategy, and capabilities were adopted for organisational change. We found an evolution, with an unrelated diversification strategy by altering capabilities from contacts and generic to organisational and technological capabilities.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 343-370
Issue: 2
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1430141
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1430141
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:2:p:343-370




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: La mobilisation financière pendant la Grande Guerre. Le front financier, un troisième front
Journal: Business History
Pages: 609-611
Issue: 4
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1269498
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1269498
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:4:p:609-611




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Victoria Barnes
Author-X-Name-First: Victoria
Author-X-Name-Last: Barnes
Author-Name: Lucy Newton
Author-X-Name-First: Lucy
Author-X-Name-Last: Newton
Title: How far does the apple fall from the tree? The size of English bank branch networks in the nineteenth century
Abstract: 
 After the Bank Charter Act in 1833, English banks could branch nationally without legal or geographical restriction. It has been previously thought that despite this freedom, early English joint-stock banks predominantly began as single units. Drawing upon a new data set, this article maps the growth of branch banking, the size of bank networks and their geographical location and spread. It demonstrates that banks pursued branching strategies energetically against the intentions of regulators and were successful in forming large and complex networks. However, ultimately, before 1880 the majority settled for local, district and multi-regional structures, as opposed to national structures.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 447-473
Issue: 4
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1323883
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1323883
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:4:p:447-473




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Benjamin Brühwiler
Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin
Author-X-Name-Last: Brühwiler
Title: Interweaving threads of credit and debt: Trading (through) textiles in colonial Dar es Salaam
Abstract: 
 Tracing the modus operandi of textile traders in colonial Dar es Salaam, this article makes a case for viewing the availability and extension of credit in the form of textiles as a central aspect of traders’ lives. The versatility of textiles in the local context of Dar es Salaam not only contributed to their high demand, their use as the main medium of exchange and the basis on which credit was extended; it also shaped the local conceptualisation of entrepreneurship. For textile traders in colonial Dar es Salaam, it was of economic, social and cultural importance to always be both in debt and have others in debt to them.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 474-491
Issue: 4
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1325466
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1325466
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:4:p:474-491




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Takahiro Endo
Author-X-Name-First: Takahiro
Author-X-Name-Last: Endo
Title: Legal structure, business organisations and lobbying: The Japanese publishing sector, 1990–2001
Abstract: 
 How did incumbents in Japanese publishing maintain resale price maintenance (RPM)? This article sheds light on the inter- and intra-industrial structure that enabled the protection of RPM, or the fixed price system, amid the country-wide liberalisation in the 1990s. By analysing textual data including governmental reports, trade papers in publishing and leaflets adopted for lobbying, the critical decade was reconstructed. It addresses a scarcity of business history literature about the link between RPM and business organisations, particularly concerning lobbying.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 492-511
Issue: 4
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1330331
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1330331
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:4:p:492-511




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thomas R. Buckley
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Buckley
Title: In the city: The John Lewis partnership and planned shopping centres
Abstract: 
 A defining feature of large-scale retailing during the period 1950–1980 was the emergence and evolution of planned shopping centres. During the 1950s, department stores in the United States were in the vanguard of this phenomenon. In contrast, British department stores continued operating from traditional high street sites, and had limited opportunities for expansion within planned shopping centres until the 1970s. This paper addresses the connection between department store retailing and the development of the planned shopping centre in Britain from the perspective of one enterprise: the John Lewis Partnership. The article demonstrates that the Partnership was willing to operate department stores within centrally located shopping centres, but was circumspect about operating stores in non-centrally located shopping centres.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 512-541
Issue: 4
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1332043
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1332043
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:4:p:512-541




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Manuel Barcia
Author-X-Name-First: Manuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Barcia
Author-Name: Effie Kesidou
Author-X-Name-First: Effie
Author-X-Name-Last: Kesidou
Title: Innovation and entrepreneurship as strategies for success among Cuban-based firms in the late years of the transatlantic slave trade
Abstract: 
 This article examines how Cuban-based firms and entrepreneurs circumvented ever- increasing risks in the illegal slave trade. The article sheds light to this question by analyzing new qualitative information of 65 Cuban-based firms against the Slavevoyages database. Our findings indicate that Cuban-based firms were entrepreneurial as they exploited the opportunities arising from the volatility of the slave trade by: (a) internalizing networks of agents which allowed the rapid diffusion of information, (b) diversifying trading goods and expanding the number of partnerships to reduce transaction costs and risk, and (c) adopting technological innovations that modified the design and use of vessels.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 542-561
Issue: 4
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1332044
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1332044
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:4:p:542-561




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mariola Ciszewska-Mlinaric
Author-X-Name-First: Mariola
Author-X-Name-Last: Ciszewska-Mlinaric
Author-Name: Krzysztof Obloj
Author-X-Name-First: Krzysztof
Author-X-Name-Last: Obloj
Author-Name: Aleksandra Wasowska
Author-X-Name-First: Aleksandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Wasowska
Title: Internationalisation choices of Polish firms during the post-socialism transition period: The role of institutional conditions at firm’s foundation
Abstract: 
 The purpose of this paper is to investigate how the home country radical change of institutional conditions influences the firm-level internationalisation process understood as exporting. In particular, we aim to broaden our understanding of how changing institutional conditions affect the internationalisation process of Polish firms founded in different institutional conditions; i.e. under the communist regime (before 1990), in the transition period (1990–2003), and in the post-transition period (2004 and later). We compare and contrast in each period three crucial aspects describing the internationalisation process: time to internationalisation, direction and degree of internationalisation. We find support for the assertion that the institutional conditions at a firm’s birth influence the internationalisation paths of emerging market firms in terms of speed, direction and degree of internationalisation. Firms founded either in the transition (1990–2003), or in the post-transition phase (2004 and later) are more likely to: (1) make the decision about internationalisation earlier in their life cycle, (2) enter developed markets, and (3) achieve a higher degree of internationalisation than firms founded under the communist regime (before 1990).
Journal: Business History
Pages: 562-600
Issue: 4
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1332045
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1332045
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:4:p:562-600




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giandomenico Piluso
Author-X-Name-First: Giandomenico
Author-X-Name-Last: Piluso
Title: Emile and Isaac Pereire. Bankers, socialists and Sephardic Jews in nineteenth-century France
Journal: Business History
Pages: 601-602
Issue: 4
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1349253
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1349253
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:4:p:601-602




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gita Piramal
Author-X-Name-First: Gita
Author-X-Name-Last: Piramal
Title: What is modernity?
Journal: Business History
Pages: 603-605
Issue: 4
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1352114
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1352114
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:4:p:603-605




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carles Brasó Broggi
Author-X-Name-First: Carles
Author-X-Name-Last: Brasó Broggi
Title: The economic history of China: From antiquity to the nineteenth century
Journal: Business History
Pages: 605-607
Issue: 4
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1361056
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1361056
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:4:p:605-607




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Correction to: Emile and Isaac Pereire. Bankers, Socialists and Sephardic Jews in nineteenth-century France
Journal: Business History
Pages: x-x
Issue: 4
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1361170
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1361170
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:4:p:x-x




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Billings
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Billings
Title: Dividends of development: Securities markets in the history of US capitalism, 1866–1922
Journal: Business History
Pages: 608-609
Issue: 4
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1364798
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1364798
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:4:p:608-609




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emanuele Felice
Author-X-Name-First: Emanuele
Author-X-Name-Last: Felice
Author-Name: Amedeo Lepore
Author-X-Name-First: Amedeo
Author-X-Name-Last: Lepore
Title: State intervention and economic growth in Southern Italy: the rise and fall of the ‘Cassa per il Mezzogiorno’ (1950–1986)
Abstract: 
 In the second half of the twentieth century, the Italian government carried out a massive regional policy in southern Italy, through the State-owned agency ‘Cassa per il Mezzogiorno’ (1950–1986). The article reconstructs the activities of this agency, making use of its yearly reports and of national and local archives. The Cassa was effective in the first two decades, thanks to substantial technical autonomy and, in the 1960s, to a strong focus on industrial development; however, from the 1970s it progressively became an instrument of waste and misallocation. At the local level, we find significant differences between the southern regions, and correspondence between the quality of state intervention and the regional patterns of GDP and productivity.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 319-341
Issue: 3
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1174214
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1174214
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:3:p:319-341




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shraddha Verma
Author-X-Name-First: Shraddha
Author-X-Name-Last: Verma
Author-Name: Neveen Abdelrehim
Author-X-Name-First: Neveen
Author-X-Name-Last: Abdelrehim
Title: Oil multinationals and governments in post-colonial transitions: Burmah Shell, the Burmah Oil Company and the Indian state 1947–70
Abstract: 
 Using the post-colonial perspective of hybridity, this article analyses how two British companies, the Burmah Oil Company (BOC) and Burmah Shell (BS) adapted to changes in the socio-economic environment from Indian independence in 1947 until 1970. Post-colonial theory is useful in exploring the continuing imperial influence, the changing relationship between BS, BOC and the Government of India (GOI) and the impact of this on the operations of BOC and BS post-independence. The approach recognises that the relationship between BOC, BS and the GOI was complex with differing levels of co-operation and tension existing between the three parties throughout the period.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 342-361
Issue: 3
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1193158
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1193158
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:3:p:342-361




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pasi Nevalainen
Author-X-Name-First: Pasi
Author-X-Name-Last: Nevalainen
Title: Facing the inevitable? The public telecom monopoly’s way of coping with deregulation
Abstract: 
 The telecommunications industry has gone through a total restructure since the late 1970s, as state-owned national monopolies have given way to listed enterprises and competitive international markets. Scholars have explained wide-ranging privatisation and deregulation at a general level, but what happened to the former state-owned monopolies and how they adapted to the emerging business-oriented environment, has had with less scrutiny. It has been assumed that external factors caused these institutions to adapt a business approach, but did these organisations themselves have any significant power of decision in these processes? This article explains how one of these former state organisations, the Finnish Post and Telecommunications Department (PTL) was turned into the business enterprise ‘Sonera’. The analysis focuses on the management’s point of view. As the national telecommunications operator encountered international developments as a compelling external force, which turned it from a local office-holder into a recipient of international influences, PTL’s management came to the conclusion that the organisation, in order to survive, had no other choice but to change. It virtually took a strategic decision to transform the department to meet new expectations. However, the state-owner’s support was crucial. The change, although dependent on external factors, was to a large extent an endogenous, time-consuming but accelerating process. Failure might have resulted in the PTL’s defeat. Eventually the change became a self-fulfilling, ‘inevitable’ process which for one’s part strengthened the international trend.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 362-381
Issue: 3
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1197207
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1197207
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:3:p:362-381




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ying Yong Ding
Author-X-Name-First: Ying
Author-X-Name-Last: Yong Ding
Author-Name: Kirsten Kininmonth
Author-X-Name-First: Kirsten
Author-X-Name-Last: Kininmonth
Author-Name: Sam McKinstry
Author-X-Name-First: Sam
Author-X-Name-Last: McKinstry
Title: Cocooned: path dependence and the demise of Anderson &amp; Robertson Ltd, Scotland’s last silk throwsters
Abstract: 
 This study applies the insights of path dependence theory to a Scottish yarn producing firm which existed from 1877 to 1964. Previous longitudinal studies of firms and their strategies have concentrated on larger entities, but the present one tests the relevance of path dependence to smaller firms. The article explains why the firm studied may be seen as an example of path dependence and lock-in, going on to point out why the generally accepted three-stage pathway of reducing organisational choice leading to lock-in appears to fit the case, but that more empirical research in the field would be beneficial. The article highlights in detail the factors which reinforce path dependence and in particular, the role of organisational culture, which has not previously been demonstrated with any precision.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 382-407
Issue: 3
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1200559
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1200559
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:3:p:382-407




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nuno Luis Madureira
Author-X-Name-First: Nuno
Author-X-Name-Last: Luis Madureira
Title: The confident forecaster. Lessons from the upscaling of the electricity industry in England and Wales
Abstract: 
 This article analyses the upscaling technological stage in the life cycle of capital-intensive technologies from the business history viewpoint. We correspondingly demonstrate how the pursuit of technological trajectories based on systematic increases in the size and power capacities of units pushed a new class of professionals, skills and procedures to the forefront of business decision-making. From 1958 onwards, forecasting framed and sharpened organisational insight into problems. Drawing on archival data on coal-fired, oil-fired and nuclear powered stations in England and Wales, the final section proceeds to measure the gap between reality and forecasts and singles out three major hypotheses to explain forecasting errors: inability to predict rapid changes outside the model (inter-fuel substitution); disregard of technical shortcomings in replication and standardisation, and overconfidence in extrapolating cost reductions at higher capacity levels.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 408-430
Issue: 3
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1201074
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1201074
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:3:p:408-430




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anthony Gandy
Author-X-Name-First: Anthony
Author-X-Name-Last: Gandy
Author-Name: Roy Edwards
Author-X-Name-First: Roy
Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards
Title: Enterprise logic vs product logic: the development of GE’s computer product line
Abstract: 
 The following article focuses on corporate strategies at General Electric (GE) and how corporate-level interventions impacted the market performance of the firm’s general purpose commercial mainframe product set in the period 1960–1968. We show that in periods of both divisional independent planning and corporate-level planning strategic governance, central decisions interfered in the execution of GE’s product strategy. GE’s institutional ‘enterprise logic’ negatively impacted the ‘product logic’ of its computer product line leading to a weakened position in the market for these systems.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 431-452
Issue: 3
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1205033
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1205033
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:3:p:431-452




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Guillaume Vallet
Author-X-Name-First: Guillaume
Author-X-Name-Last: Vallet
Title: Cooperation rather than competition in industrial organisations: Albion W. Small’s underestimated view
Abstract: 
 This article aims to present Albion W. Small’s underestimated view on labour relations in industrial organisations. A century ago, this sociologist, who also had a grounding in political economy, analysed the transformation of capitalism through a focus on the relationship between workers and capitalists. He offered some interesting proposals, stressing the need for the two factors of production to cooperate instead of competing. His approach may still be insightful today in rethinking the forthcoming challenges facing industrial organisations as well as capitalism, especially regarding the ontological nature of a firm associated with its governance issue.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 453-470
Issue: 3
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1205035
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1205035
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:3:p:453-470




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Scott
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott
Author-Name: Patrick Fridenson
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick
Author-X-Name-Last: Fridenson
Title: New perspectives on 20th-century European retailing
Journal: Business History
Pages: 941-958
Issue: 7
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1494943
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1494943
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:7:p:941-958




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Hull
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Hull
Title: Managing business performance: The contrasting cases of two multiple retailers 1920 to 1939
Abstract: 
 Business performance measurement and management (PMM) systems are often viewed as relatively recent phenomena, responding to the failure of historical practices which prioritised financial measures. But despite the considerable focus on these systems over the last 25&#xA0;years, they have not lived up to their early promise. This article looks backwards to understand how practitioners managed their performance in the past. It focuses on two British multiple retailers between 1920 and 1939 and highlights not only the formal processes they adopted but also the role of the informal processes which shaped how they achieved their objectives.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 959-982
Issue: 7
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1459251
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1459251
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:7:p:959-982




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bethan Bide
Author-X-Name-First: Bethan
Author-X-Name-Last: Bide
Title: More than window dressing: visual merchandising and austerity in London&#x2019;s West End, 1945&#x2013;50
Abstract: 
 In the aftermath of the Second World War, the fashion departments of London&#x2019;s West End department stores were not only challenged by austerity and bomb damage but also by the growth of multiple retailers selling branded ready-to-wear goods. This article investigates how department stores responded by investing in display and visual merchandising to attract custom and rebuild their fashionable reputations. It argues that the difficulties caused by austerity conditions forced department stores to embrace new retail methodologies that helped them adapt to the changed circumstances of post-war fashion retail and compete with multiple retailers.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 983-1003
Issue: 7
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1400531
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1400531
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:7:p:983-1003




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adam Dewitte
Author-X-Name-First: Adam
Author-X-Name-Last: Dewitte
Author-Name: Sebastian Billows
Author-X-Name-First: Sebastian
Author-X-Name-Last: Billows
Author-Name: Xavier Lecocq
Author-X-Name-First: Xavier
Author-X-Name-Last: Lecocq
Title: Turning regulation into business opportunities: A brief history of French food mass retailing (1949&#x2013;2015)
Abstract: 
 The French retail market stands out among its European counterparts as being more concentrated. Relative to its neighbors, it has a higher number of large stores, such as hypermarkets. This article explains the origins of this market structure by assessing the impact of regulation on the French food retail industry between 1949 and 2015. Despite legislation aimed at curtailing their growth, retailers were able to circumvent legal constraints. Over the period considered, three &#x2018;regulation-adaptation&#x2019; loops are described. Retailers&#x2019; responses to regulatory regimes affected both their bargaining mechanisms with suppliers and the business models they used to sell their products. By turning regulation into business opportunities, French retailers have managed to create a powerful oligopolistic industry, and are now among the largest retail groups in the world.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1004-1025
Issue: 7
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1384465
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1384465
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:7:p:1004-1025




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tristan Jacques
Author-X-Name-First: Tristan
Author-X-Name-Last: Jacques
Title: The state, small shops and hypermarkets: A public policy for retail, France, 1945&#x2013;1973
Abstract: 
 This article examines contemporary French retail history, studying both transformations in retail structures and evolutions in government retail policies from 1945 to 1973. It notably questions the existence of a defined public policy for the retail sector. Based on extensive archival research, it is designed to offer an overview of the topic in order to familiarise international scholars with French retail history, while stimulating discussion and providing case material to enable comparisons with other national cases.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1026-1048
Issue: 7
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1413092
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1413092
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:7:p:1026-1048




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Heyrman
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Heyrman
Title: Unlocking the padlock: Retail and public policy in Belgium (1930&#x2013;1961)
Abstract: 
 During the inter-war and post-war decades, until the dawn of the 1960s, the Belgian retail sector remained very traditional and overcrowded. In that context literature usually points to the Belgian law of 1936/1937 restricting the expansion of department stores. This article outlines the history of this so-called Padlock Law (Loi de Cadenas/Grendelwet), and evaluates its effectiveness and impact. It tries to answer the question as to why the public debate on retailing in Belgium was caught in a deadlock and, specifically, why prohibitive measures against big distribution remained intact for such a long period. It demonstrates how the political dossier of the Padlock was interlinked with a much broader societal debate, that of the survival of the independent classes moyennes/middenstand. The Padlock became a highly symbolic issue, pitting small, family enterprises against big, capitalistic businesses, with all this linked to powerful social perceptions and powered by the dichotomy of modernity versus tradition. In the highly segmented and pillarised Belgian society, reaching a consensus on the modernisation of retailing was only possible after clearly incorporating small independent enterprises into the post-war neo-corporatist welfare state and into its structures of collective bargaining.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1049-1081
Issue: 7
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1319940
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1319940
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:7:p:1049-1081




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anitra Komulainen
Author-X-Name-First: Anitra
Author-X-Name-Last: Komulainen
Author-Name: Sakari Siltala
Author-X-Name-First: Sakari
Author-X-Name-Last: Siltala
Title: Resistance to Inequality as a Competitive Strategy? &#x2013; The Cases of the Finnish consumer Co-ops Elanto and HOK 1905&#x2013;2015
Abstract: 
 We examine the common pattern of success-failure-success displayed by many western consumer co-operatives in the twentieth century. We concentrate on the biggest Finnish regional co-ops, Elanto and HOK, and compare their successes and failures as well as those of British co-ops with the help of the Blue Ocean Strategy (BOS). The BOS argues that companies can succeed if they produce surplus value for their clients and if those surpluses simultaneously reduce costs.We suggest that resistance to inequality was the biggest success factor for co-ops in the twentieth century.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1082-1104
Issue: 7
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1494729
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1494729
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:7:p:1082-1104




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miguel A. Sáez-García
Author-X-Name-First: Miguel A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sáez-García
Title: Business and State in the development of the steel industry in Spain and Italy (c.1880–1929)
Abstract: 
 In the mid-nineteenth century, the Spanish and Italian steel industries were significantly less developed than those of the more advanced countries in Europe. From the mid-1880s, heavy industry in these two countries experienced considerable growth, particularly the steel sector, due to two very different strategies. In the case of Italy, state intervention was so frequent and significant that it has even been referred to as an early state capitalism. In Spain, on the other hand, the sector’s development was based principally on the private initiative. This article seeks to shed light on the interaction between government institutions and business organisations in the implementation of the development strategies of the two countries.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 159-178
Issue: 2
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1172570
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1172570
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:2:p:159-178




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Scott
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott
Author-Name: James T. Walker
Author-X-Name-First: James T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Walker
Title: Barriers to ‘industrialisation’ for interwar British retailing? The case of Marks &amp; Spencer Ltd
Abstract: 
 Research on international differences in retail productivity has highlighted formidable environmental barriers to the ‘industrialisation’ of mass retailing as a driver of declining British interwar productivity growth in this sector (and in services more generally). We examine evidence for such barriers, using a case study of a firm that built its interwar expansion strategy on ‘American’ retail methods – Marks &amp; Spencer (M&amp;S). We find that, rather than facing barriers to the adoption of American mass retail practices, M&amp;S reaped major productivity gains from this process. This adds further evidence to an emerging literature rejecting the barriers to industrialisation thesis for retailing.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 179-201
Issue: 2
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1156088
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1156088
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:2:p:179-201




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Linda Perriton
Author-X-Name-First: Linda
Author-X-Name-Last: Perriton
Title: The parochial realm, social enterprise and gender: the work of Catharine Cappe and Faith Gray and others in York, 1780–1820
Abstract: 
 Catharine Cappe and Faith Gray, and a wider group of women to whom they had strong network ties, founded a number of philanthropic enterprises in York, England, in the 1780s. Their activities were largely focused on the provision of sickness benefits to single and married women and the management of schools for girls that had a substantial occupational training element. The social enterprises they formed or operated were long-lasting – in the case of the York Female Friendly Society (YFFS) operating well into the twentieth century. The article considers the role of parochial networks in creating and sustaining social enterprises in the late Georgian period and the ways in which the women’s activities were both shaped by gender, and in turn, shaped gender relations.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 202-230
Issue: 2
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1175438
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1175438
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:2:p:202-230




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pål Vik
Author-X-Name-First: Pål
Author-X-Name-Last: Vik
Title: ‘The computer says no’: the demise of the traditional bank manager and the depersonalisation of British banking, 1960–2010
Abstract: 
 This article examines the role of the British bank branch manager in the context of the transformation of banking since the 1980s, and discusses its implications for British banking. The analysis was based on interviews with retired bank managers and suggests that they viewed their role as being based on skill, authority and autonomy. The centralisation of authority and increasing targets deskilled and disempowered their profession. Drawing on Weber’s theory of bureaucratisation, this article argues that the loss of agency of managers depersonalised service provision as they could no longer base their decisions on personal considerations.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 231-249
Issue: 2
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1177024
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1177024
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:2:p:231-249




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Monica J. Keneley
Author-X-Name-First: Monica J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Keneley
Title: The breakdown of the workplace ‘family’ and the rise of personnel management within an Australian financial institution 1950–1980
Abstract: 
 The management of its people defines the way in which an organisation develops the capabilities to successfully compete in the market environment. Since the 1950s, approaches to staff management have evolved from traditional bureaucratic foundations to strategic planning exercises. This article uses a case study approach to investigate the way in which the process of organisational learning evolved in the development of personnel management practices. It suggests that although old and new practices were often overlaid on each other, ‘bridges’ developed which allowed the progressive development of new managerial processes.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 250-267
Issue: 2
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1179286
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1179286
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:2:p:250-267




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Klara Arnberg
Author-X-Name-First: Klara
Author-X-Name-Last: Arnberg
Author-Name: Jonatan Svanlund
Author-X-Name-First: Jonatan
Author-X-Name-Last: Svanlund
Title: Mad women: gendered divisions in the Swedish advertising industry, 1930–2012
Abstract: 
 This article constitutes a first attempt to systematically map the presence of women in the greatly changing Swedish advertising industry since 1930. The overarching aim of the study is to analyse how the gendered divisions of labour and business changed in relation to both business structure and the overall labour market in Sweden. While we conclude that women constituted around 40–50% of the workforce over time, we see an increase in the shares of women in higher positions and in women who were self-employed and managers. This upturn, however, stabilised during the 1990s. We argue that the changes in gendered divisions of labour and business coincided with a fast-changing business structure. First, the old cartel broke down in the mid-1960s. Then, the number of firms increased quickly during the 1970s and 1980s, and the market share for the largest firms declined. This, in turn, meant new business opportunities for women at the same time as their overall labour market participation increased. The article stresses the importance of both acknowledging women’s presence in the industry development as well as the structures constituting gender divisions.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 268-291
Issue: 2
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1182158
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1182158
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:2:p:268-291




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pablo Gutiérrez González
Author-X-Name-First: Pablo
Author-X-Name-Last: Gutiérrez González
Author-Name: Jerònia Pons Pons
Author-X-Name-First: Jerònia
Author-X-Name-Last: Pons Pons
Title: Risk management and reinsurance strategies in the Spanish insurance market (1880–1940)
Abstract: 
 Reinsurance allows insurance companies to diversify their risks. However, from this original role, insurance companies have developed various reinsurance strategies in order to expand their market share. From the last decades of the nineteenth century to the 1940s, Spanish insurance companies used reinsurance in a largely unregulated context. This article analyses the reinsurance practices and their adaptation to the singularities of the Spanish market, namely: the difficulties for the consolidation of a core of pure reinsurers; the management of reinsurance in the internationalisation process; and the use of reinsurance by mutual societies to overcome their lack of equity capital.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 292-310
Issue: 2
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1187136
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1187136
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:2:p:292-310




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Buch-Hansen
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Buch-Hansen
Title: The power of corporate networks. A comparative and historical perspective
Journal: Business History
Pages: 311-312
Issue: 2
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1175540
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1175540
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:2:p:311-312




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ronald Chung-yam PO
Author-X-Name-First: Ronald
Author-X-Name-Last: Chung-yam PO
Title: The Qing opening to the ocean: Chinese maritime policies, 1684–1757
Journal: Business History
Pages: 312-313
Issue: 2
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1192832
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1192832
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:2:p:312-313




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: Connexions électriques. Technologies, hommes et marchés dans les relations entre la Compagnie générale d’électricité et l’État, 1898-1992
Journal: Business History
Pages: 313-316
Issue: 2
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1095905
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1095905
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:2:p:313-316




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: Le sacre du roquefort. L’émergence d’une industrie agroalimentaire (fin XVIIIe siècle-1925)
Journal: Business History
Pages: 316-318
Issue: 2
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1123334
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1123334
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:2:p:316-318




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: Les banques françaises et la Grande Guerre
Journal: Business History
Pages: 939-940
Issue: 6
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1269525
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1269525
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:6:p:939-940




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John F. Wilson
Author-X-Name-First: John F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson
Author-Name: Emily Buchnea
Author-X-Name-First: Emily
Author-X-Name-Last: Buchnea
Author-Name: Anna Tilba
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Tilba
Title: The British corporate network, 1904–1976: Revisiting the finance–industry relationship
Abstract: 
 The relationship between finance and industry in Britain has received substantial attention, largely focusing on the role played by clearing banks as lenders to industry. This article, through the use of a unique dataset detailing the composition of the British corporate network, aims to investigate the corporate connectivity of industry to banks but also, importantly, highlight the increasing presence of financial institutions other than banks in British business. Additionally, the position of these financial institutions within the network reflects the changes in patterns of ownership of British business through this period as institutional investors’ share of British companies increased. This changing position is further articulated by an analysis of network density over the period, providing critical insights into wider patterns in British business between 1904 and 1976.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 779-806
Issue: 6
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1333106
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1333106
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:6:p:779-806




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Scott
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott
Author-Name: James T. Walker
Author-X-Name-First: James T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Walker
Title: Retailing under resale price maintenance: Economies of scale and scope, and firm strategic response, in the inter-war British retail pharmacy sector
Abstract: 
 The article examines the impact of resale price maintenance (RPM) on market structure, productivity, and competitive advantage in British retail pharmacy. In contrast to influential studies, but consistent with contemporary and recent work, it is shown that the major multiples were able to ameliorate the negative growth impacts of RPM. Higher profit margins ‒ principally from larger manufacturer discounts and backward integration – were used to fund initiatives aimed at boosting aggregate sales and economies of scale and scope. These relationships are explored using a recently discovered national establishment-level survey of retail pharmacists’ costs and margins, together with internal data for Boots Ltd.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 807-832
Issue: 6
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1340455
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1340455
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:6:p:807-832




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Akinyinka Akinyoade
Author-X-Name-First: Akinyinka
Author-X-Name-Last: Akinyoade
Author-Name: Chibuike Uche
Author-X-Name-First: Chibuike
Author-X-Name-Last: Uche
Title: Development built on crony capitalism? The case of Dangote Cement
Abstract: 
 This paper critiques the emergence of Dangote Cement as the dominant player in cement manufacturing in Nigeria. It argues that the changed economic environment General Obasanjo met when he became president of Nigeria for a second time in 1999 made it difficult for him to continue the nationalisation policies and the expansion of government involvement in several spheres of economic activity that he helped to promote in the 1970s. The realisation that this strategy, which created numerous crony capitalists, was unsustainable resulted in Obasanjo allying with Dangote and promulgating the Backward Integration Programme (BIP) for the local cement industry. This made it possible for Dangote to risk aggressive investment in the capital-intensive cement production business. This strategy achieved public good by rapidly making Nigeria, an oil rent- and import-dependent economy with enormous limestone reserves, self-sufficient in cement production.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 833-858
Issue: 6
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1341492
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1341492
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:6:p:833-858




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen B. Adams
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Adams
Author-Name: Dustin Chambers
Author-X-Name-First: Dustin
Author-X-Name-Last: Chambers
Author-Name: Michael Schultz
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Schultz
Title: A moving target: The geographic evolution of Silicon Valley, 1953–1990
Abstract: 
 This article provides an empirical examination of high-tech firm location data from 1953 to 1990 to show a dramatic shift in geographic centre of what is now called Silicon Valley. Universities (most notably Stanford), venture capital and law firms acted as magnets for divisions of established firms and local start-ups. These institutions combined with the Santa Clara County’s available land to pull the high-tech region’s epicentre south-eastwards from San Francisco, an early source of investment capital and legal expertise. These findings add another element (spatial change) for consideration in explaining the evolution of industry clusters.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 859-883
Issue: 6
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1346612
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1346612
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:6:p:859-883




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicholas D. Wong
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wong
Author-Name: Andrew Popp
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Popp
Title: ‘In the best position to reap mutually beneficial results’: Sole-agency agreements and the distribution of consumer durables in inter-war Britain
Abstract: 
 This article uses a case-study approach to explore the use of exclusive sole-agency agreements in the distribution and retailing of specialty branded consumer durables in inter-war Britain, a neglected topic in the business history literature. Utilising an extensive correspondence between piano manufacturer Broadwood and Sons, and Liverpool-based musical instrument retailer Rushworth and Dreaper (with comparisons made with two smaller sets of manufacturer–retailer correspondence) we argue that the stability of a sole-agency agreement encouraged the emergence of a highly reciprocal and collaborative relationship that led to innovations in marketing, selling, branding and product development. We urge a reconsideration of the value and effect of sole-agency agreements.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 884-907
Issue: 6
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1360287
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1360287
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:6:p:884-907




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Correction to: The expansion of branding in international marketing: The case of olive oil, 1870s–1930s
Journal: Business History
Pages: x-x
Issue: 6
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1361621
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1361621
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:6:p:x-x




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pasi Nevalainen
Author-X-Name-First: Pasi
Author-X-Name-Last: Nevalainen
Title: Deadlock in corporate governance: Finding a common strategy for private telephone companies, 1978–1998
Abstract: 
 This paper looks at how a group of small, incumbent private telephone companies complied with the international convergence of market structures. The existing research has mainly focused on large national incumbents, assuming a transition to multinational enterprise. This development process is often associated with privatisation policies and various institutional factors. The article tests these assumptions using a case study of the network of Finnish local telephone companies. It looks at the development of an interfirm network, its perspectives on the different phases of the deregulation process, and how the network tried to regenerate itself but failed to form a unified corporate structure capable of mounting a common business strategy. The reason for this failure resembles the idea of governance inseparability: private telecom companies were committed to the objectives and form of a tried and trusted cooperation model, which no longer met the requirements of the competitive and increasingly liberalised business environment of the 1990s. This case demonstrates that the significance of both corporate governance and organisational development are, above all, related to the firm’s ability to regenerate itself.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 908-929
Issue: 6
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1366448
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1366448
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:6:p:908-929




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alessandro Nuvolari
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandro
Author-X-Name-Last: Nuvolari
Title: Innovation and technological diffusion: An economic history of early steam engines
Journal: Business History
Pages: 930-931
Issue: 6
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1369635
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1369635
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:6:p:930-931




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ann-Kristin Bergquist
Author-X-Name-First: Ann-Kristin
Author-X-Name-Last: Bergquist
Title: Profits and Sustainability. A History of Green Entrepreneurship
Journal: Business History
Pages: 931-933
Issue: 6
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1371433
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1371433
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:6:p:931-933




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Valeria Giacomin
Author-X-Name-First: Valeria
Author-X-Name-Last: Giacomin
Title: Natural resources and economic growth. Learning from history
Journal: Business History
Pages: 933-935
Issue: 6
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1376391
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1376391
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:6:p:933-935




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Franck Cochoy
Author-X-Name-First: Franck
Author-X-Name-Last: Cochoy
Title: From main street to mall: The rise and fall of the American department store
Journal: Business History
Pages: 935-939
Issue: 6
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1376396
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1376396
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:6:p:935-939




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Wild
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Wild
Author-Name: Andy Lockett
Author-X-Name-First: Andy
Author-X-Name-Last: Lockett
Title: Turnaround and failure: Resource weaknesses and the rise and fall of Jarvis
Abstract: 
 Research employing the resource-based view (RBV) has overwhelming focused on the upside of resources, namely those that provide benefit to the firm. However, an emerging research stream suggests that the downside of resources, namely resource weaknesses, may be crucial in gaining a greater understanding of the key factors that contribute to firm performance and the ability to turnaround failing companies. We examine the infamous case of Jarvis, a firm that achieved a turnaround, but then experienced catastrophic failure. In so doing we explore the emergence of resource weaknesses, their nature and ability to combine to create a fatal organisational outcome.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 829-857
Issue: 6
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1024229
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1024229
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:6:p:829-857




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juan A. Rubio-Mondéjar
Author-X-Name-First: Juan A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Rubio-Mondéjar
Author-Name: Jósean Garrués-Irurzun
Author-X-Name-First: Jósean
Author-X-Name-Last: Garrués-Irurzun
Title: Economic and Social Power in Spain: corporate networks of banks, utilities and other large companies (1917–2009)
Abstract: 
 The evolution trend of the Spanish network has not differed essentially from the path of other Western European corporate networks, but the configuration and factors that explain it have a specific pattern in accordance with their economic and social characteristics. The exchange of directors among the largest banks and utilities in Spain was one of the instruments used to consolidate its hegemonic position and to limit competition in other sectors. Network analysis confirms the existence of a crony capitalism, created in a context of institutional weakness and dominance of undemocratic political systems. The extractive elite used the network boards to restrict competition in key economic sectors, at the expense of the economic development of the country, until the liberalisation of the domestic market and its integration into the global economy.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 858-879
Issue: 6
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1115483
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1115483
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:6:p:858-879




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janick Marina Schaufelbuehl
Author-X-Name-First: Janick Marina
Author-X-Name-Last: Schaufelbuehl
Title: The transatlantic business community faced with US direct investment in Western Europe, 1958–1968
Abstract: 
 This article examines the position of US and European business in the debate about American direct investment in Western Europe in a historical perspective, from the establishment of the Common Market to the introduction of US regulation of foreign direct investment (FDI) a decade later. Based on abundant and diverse archival documents, it sheds new light on the process of Americanisation and contributes to existing research on transnational networks, by revealing the active role industrial leaders on both sides of the Atlantic played in shaping the political responses to problems raised by the American firms’ massive presence in the Common Market.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 880-902
Issue: 6
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1128895
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1128895
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:6:p:880-902




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Brendan O’Connell
Author-X-Name-First: Brendan
Author-X-Name-Last: O’Connell
Author-Name: Paul De Lange
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: De Lange
Author-Name: Greg Stoner
Author-X-Name-First: Greg
Author-X-Name-Last: Stoner
Author-Name: Alan Sangster
Author-X-Name-First: Alan
Author-X-Name-Last: Sangster
Title: Strategic manoeuvres and impression management: communication approaches in the case of a crisis event
Abstract: 
 This historical study examines the actions of the Australian former asbestos company, James Hardie, when faced with a potentially ruinous corporate scandal between 2001 and 2007. The company became vilified as public awareness grew of the damage to public health its use of asbestos had caused. In response, it set-up a knowingly underfunded compensation fund supported by a strategy of misinformation and denial. Its actions are analysed using Oliver’s typology of strategic responses and theories of crisis management and crisis communications, providing insights into the company’s motivations for adopting strategies that took it to the brink of financial collapse.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 903-924
Issue: 6
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1128896
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1128896
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:6:p:903-924




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Karen McBride
Author-X-Name-First: Karen
Author-X-Name-Last: McBride
Author-Name: Tony Hines
Author-X-Name-First: Tony
Author-X-Name-Last: Hines
Author-Name: Russell Craig
Author-X-Name-First: Russell
Author-X-Name-Last: Craig
Title: A rum deal: The purser’s measure and accounting control of materials in the Royal Navy, 1665–1832
Abstract: 
 We draw on archival resources and maritime and accounting history literature to explore the role of Royal Navy (RN) pursers between 1665 and 1832. Through an agency theory lens, we investigate accounting-related practices pursers used to control consumable rations, including the ‘purser’s (short) measure.’ The records pursers were required to keep suggest that the RN was at the forefront of the development of cost and materials accounting, and in the keeping of detailed accounting records. We provide fresh insights in to the purser’s role and his association with the gestation of materials waste controls, standard costing, and audit and accountability processes.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 925-946
Issue: 6
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1153068
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1153068
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Grietjie Verhoef
Author-X-Name-First: Grietjie
Author-X-Name-Last: Verhoef
Title: ‘Not to bet the farm’: SANLAM and internationalisation, 1995–2010
Abstract: 
 The South African Life Assurance Company (SANLAM) entered global markets after 1990, with varied success. Contextual pressures exerted a ‘push’ on financial services companies, which led to strategic changes in firm strategy, structure and performance. Theories of internationalisation afford more attention to industrial production internationalisation. This article explores the SANLAM experiences with internationalisation since the early 1990s. Initial internationalisation attempts were less successful, leading to strategic business changes, which led to a change in the globalisation strategy and more success in alternative markets. This article explores the different stages of SANLAM’s internationalisation strategy and what determined eventual success. The article contextualises the SANLAM internationalisation strategy by drawing on aspects of the process theory, the Matthews Linkage, Leverage and Learning (LLL) framework, and the Strategy, Structure, Organisation and Performance (SSOP) analytical framework. The SANLAM case underlines the crucial role of tacit knowledge of the host market as prerequisite for successful globalisation strategies of financial services’ firms.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 947-973
Issue: 6
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1153628
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1153628
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: L’Énergie de la France. De Zoé aux EPR, l’histoire du programme nucléaire
Journal: Business History
Pages: 974-977
Issue: 6
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1068517
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1068517
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: Capital of capital. Money, banking and power in New York City, 1784–2012
Journal: Business History
Pages: 977-979
Issue: 6
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1100526
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1100526
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger Middleton
Author-X-Name-First: Roger
Author-X-Name-Last: Middleton
Title: British economic growth, 1270–1870
Journal: Business History
Pages: 979-981
Issue: 6
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1123801
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1123801
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anna Tilba
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Tilba
Title: The Cadbury Committee: a history
Journal: Business History
Pages: 981-982
Issue: 6
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1123806
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1123806
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:6:p:981-982




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robin Pearson
Author-X-Name-First: Robin
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson
Title: Crisis, credibility and corporate history
Journal: Business History
Pages: 982-983
Issue: 6
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1123805
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1123805
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:6:p:982-983




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pierre van der Eng
Author-X-Name-First: Pierre
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Eng
Title: Managing political imperatives in war time: strategic responses of Philips in Australia, 1939–1945
Abstract: 
 The Australian subsidiary of Dutch multi-national enterprise Philips came under secret service surveillance and faced risk of government takeover as enemy property during World War II. It was also excluded from Australian government contracts for war-related communications equipment at a time when it was forced to reduce civilian production. These threats to its assets and operations required the firm to develop an adaptive corporate strategy in order to respond to the political imperatives it faced; not just minimising political risk, but also taking advantage of the opportunities that war-related production offered during the war years and after.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 645-666
Issue: 5
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1259311
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1259311
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:5:p:645-666




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tom McGovern
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: McGovern
Author-Name: Tom McLean
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: McLean
Title: The genesis of the electricity supply industry in Britain: A case study of NESCo from 1889 to 1914
Abstract: 
 A study of the Newcastle upon Tyne Electric Supply Company (NESCo) provides a micro-history of the emergence of the electricity supply industry in Britain up to the First World War. This research examines the role of social capital in the establishment and growth of NESCo, the only financially successful British electric power company. Temporal bracketing was adopted to evaluate two distinct time periods: emergence from 1889 to 1899; and growth from 1900 to 1914. Family, business and social networks together with geographical and political factors secured the company’s dominant position. The structural relationship with Merz &amp; McLellan contributed to growth through acquisitions, joint ventures, and access to new markets.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 667-689
Issue: 5
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1261827
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1261827
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Latham
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Latham
Title: ‘A fraud, a drunkard, and a worthless scamp’: estate agents, regulation, and Realtors in the interwar period
Abstract: 
 The estate agency industry played a key role in the growth of the interwar property market. An important feature of the industry was the low barriers to entry, particularly in terms of regulating practitioners. Yet repeated attempts were made to introduce mandatory licensing of estate agents during this period, all of which failed. This article explores why these attempts were instigated, by whom, and why they failed. It utilises the comparison with the successful introduction of licensing for real estate brokers in the US. The article argues that the desire for a professional identity fuelled these regulatory efforts, and that industry specific endogenous tensions led to their failure. In doing so, this article informs our knowledge of both the interwar development of this key service industry, and of the concepts used to analyse regulation more generally.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 690-709
Issue: 5
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1261828
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1261828
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcus Box
Author-X-Name-First: Marcus
Author-X-Name-Last: Box
Title: Bring in the brewers: business entry in the Swedish brewing industry from 1830 to 2012
Abstract: 
 This article analyses long-term business entry in the Swedish brewing industry, presenting new data on its organisational historiography. Since 1830, the rate of entry has varied considerably; entries increased progressively from the 1850s, and fell at a decreasing rate from the early twentieth century. An increasing tendency to enter the trade can be observed from the mid-1980s – in particular, there has been a considerable resurgence since the turn of the millennium. The article elaborates on explanations that are both exogenous and endogenous. Above all, the results provide support for the role of endogenous conditions. The results should be viewed as complementary to previous analyses of the (Swedish) brewing industry, which either have employed shorter analytical time-frames or have mainly focused on the role of exogenous conditions, such as changes in the institutional framework.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 710-743
Issue: 5
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1269751
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1269751
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gianvito Lanzolla
Author-X-Name-First: Gianvito
Author-X-Name-Last: Lanzolla
Author-Name: Alessandro Giudici
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandro
Author-X-Name-Last: Giudici
Title: Pioneering strategies in the digital world. Insights from the Axel Springer case
Abstract: 
 Digital technologies present some distinctive characteristics; they simultaneously enable pervasive connectivity, immediacy of interactions and wide access to data and computing power. Based on a detailed historical analysis of Axel Springer, we suggest that pioneering strategies in new markets created by the diffusion of digital technologies are negatively moderated by the fit between firms’ legacy core capabilities and those required to enter the new market. We then show that pioneering strategies in non-core legacy markets are instrumental in creating the capabilities necessary for the sustainability of first-mover advantages (FMA) in the legacy core markets. Finally, we show the role of managerial cognition as a key individual-level enabler in achieving pioneering advantages.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 744-777
Issue: 5
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1269752
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1269752
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:5:p:744-777




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Helen Mercer
Author-X-Name-First: Helen
Author-X-Name-Last: Mercer
Title: The making of the modern retail market: economic theory, business interests and economic policy in the passage of the 1964 Resale Prices Act
Abstract: 
 This article makes a critical examination of the economic case made for the prohibition of individual resale price maintenance (IRPM) in 1964. The Resale Prices Act had major implications for the future structure of British retailing and was lobbied for by multiple grocery retailers. This article demonstrates how a government enquiry which preceded the legislation privileged one side of the debate and marginalised other – arguably more rigorous – analysis. The article endorses a central role for the Institute of Economic Affairs (IEA) and is a case study of the role of economic theory in business–government relations and the development of economic policy.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 778-801
Issue: 5
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1270267
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1270267
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. J. Bissell
Author-X-Name-First: J. J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bissell
Title: The decline in the British bank population since 1810 obeys a law of negative compound interest
Abstract: 
 Two models by Garnett et al. [J. Bus. Hist. 57(1):182-202 (2015)] for the organisational demography of British banks are explored analytically: the exponential model; and the agent-based system (ABM) governed by probabilistic interactions. Exact expressions for ABM expectation values are derived, revealing first that bank creations obey a ‘birth’ process, and second, that one of the ABM hypotheses may be discarded. The expectation values are used to demonstrate that beneath its stochastic implementation, the ABM model is a discrete analogue of the exponential model, meaning that the decline in the British bank population obeys a law of negative compound interest.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 802-813
Issue: 5
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1301430
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1301430
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Garnett
Author-X-Name-First: Philip
Author-X-Name-Last: Garnett
Author-Name: Simon Mollan
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Mollan
Author-Name: R. Alexander Bentley
Author-X-Name-First: R. Alexander
Author-X-Name-Last: Bentley
Title: Banks, births, and tipping points in the historical demography of British banking: A response to J.J. Bissell
Abstract: 
 In this paper we respond to the useful comments made by J. J. Bissell 2017, on our paper Garnett et al 2015. We use this opportunity to explain in more detail our use of agent based modelling of historical processes, and how it can raise interesting and thought provoking questions that could be answered by additional historical research. In this case, questions around the possible relationship with the size of the British banking sector and the formation of new banks. We also take the opportunity to present further data on on the possible reasons for the rise and fall in the population of British banks, and suggest that the 'tipping point' might not have been such a radical change.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 814-820
Issue: 5
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1301429
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1301429
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:5:p:814-820




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Foreman-Peck
Author-X-Name-First: James
Author-X-Name-Last: Foreman-Peck
Author-Name: Daniel Raff
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Raff
Author-Name: Peter Scott
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott
Title: Introduction: Leslie Hannah and business history in his time
Abstract: 
 This article celebrates the life, career, and intellectual contribution of Leslie Hannah, while also summarising the other papers of this festschrift. We discuss Hannah’s early life, the development of business history prior to the launch of the London School of Economics’ Business History Unit (BHU), together with Hannah’s contribution to business history research and disciplinary development during and after his time as BHU director. We conclude with brief summaries of the other eight articles in this special issue.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1091-1107
Issue: 7
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1642328
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1642328
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel M.G. Raff
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel M.G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Raff
Title: Hannah on ‘Hollywood history’: Exploring the limits of the Chandlerian model
Abstract: 
 This article explores Leslie Hannah’s critique of the literature of international comparative business history including and deriving from Alfred Chandler’s Scale and Scope: The Dynamics of Industrial Capitalism (Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press, 1990). This critique is in part empirical and in part deeper. Some of the key texts are published and more or less accessible but key elements remain unpublished (at least in English). The article summarises Hannah’s argument, going into some detail for the unpublished material, and reflects on the significance of the body of work considered as a whole.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1108-1128
Issue: 7
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1635118
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1635118
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:7:p:1108-1128




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Kay
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Kay
Title: The concept of the corporation
Abstract: 
 ABSTRACTThis article describes the origins, development, and effect of the markets and hierarchies approach to the theory of the firm. It argues that the approach gives no coherent account of the legitimacy of corporate activity. Additionally, the model bears little relation to the reality of successful corporations. The author describes an alternative tradition for understanding business, owing more to organisation theory, corporate strategy, and business history. In this view, corporations are social organisations. Their competitive advantage is based on distinctive capabilities, the product of their history, their internal architecture and organisational design, and the relationships with employers, customers, suppliers, and commentators.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1129-1143
Issue: 7
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1509956
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1509956
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:7:p:1129-1143




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Temin
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Temin
Title: Taxes and industrial structure
Abstract: 
 Microeconomics assumes that business firms respond to changing costs and prices. Taxes impose costs of businesses, and tax breaks help industries grow. This paper discusses the dynamics of government actions, drawing on the end of the Bell System in the 1970s, and then reviews the history of tax breaks to a variety of large industries, from the oil industry to finance and real estate. It closes by placing the whole discussion in the framework of corruption as it should be defined, not as the Supreme Court defines it now.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1144-1157
Issue: 7
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1519550
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1519550
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:7:p:1144-1157




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Foreman-Peck
Author-X-Name-First: James
Author-X-Name-Last: Foreman-Peck
Title: An American and European technological difference: The early motor car power source
Abstract: 
 Leslie Hannah contends that Europe was a more integrated market than the US at the turn of the twentieth century. This article shows lesser integration is part of the explanation for why the US was slower than Europe to standardise technology on the internal combustion engine for the motor car. The remaining contribution is that of US abundant oil deposits and water that encouraged the American development of cheaper first cost steam engines. These used more (liquid) fuel and less capital. In Europe, oil fuel prices relative to skilled labour were less appropriate for steam and European car entrepreneurs therefore focused on internal combustion engines. Distinctive US conditions were much less helpful for innovation and improvement before the continental US market was well established.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1158-1174
Issue: 7
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1590338
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1590338
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:7:p:1158-1174




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dimitris P. Sotiropoulos
Author-X-Name-First: Dimitris P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sotiropoulos
Author-Name: Janette Rutterford
Author-X-Name-First: Janette
Author-X-Name-Last: Rutterford
Title: Financial diversification strategies before World War I: Buy-and-hold versus naïve portfolio selection
Abstract: 
 This study contributes to a growing volume of scholarship that highlights the importance of financial diversification in business history. It shows that, pre-WWI, financial advice for equal portfolio weighting, the so-called naïve diversification, then called scientific investment or geographical distribution of risk, was a sophisticated strategy for Victorian investors and not suboptimal to Markowitz optimization. Drawing upon a unique dataset of 507 individual portfolios at death, this study shows that, although Victorian investors, in particular wealthy investors, did diversify investment risk across a number of securities, they did not hold equally weighted portfolios. It explores possible reasons for the unbalanced nature of investor portfolios and dismisses socio economic factors, illiquidity, passive ‘buy the market’ and market timing strategies as possible explanatory factors. The results rather point to a strategy of naïve diversification spread over time, a ‘buy as you go and hold strategy’, buying new securities as savings allowed and holding them until death.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1175-1198
Issue: 7
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1512097
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1512097
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:7:p:1175-1198




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ron Harris
Author-X-Name-First: Ron
Author-X-Name-Last: Harris
Author-Name: Naomi R. Lamoreaux
Author-X-Name-First: Naomi R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Lamoreaux
Title: Opening the black box of the common-law legal regime: Contrasts in the development of corporate law in Britain and the United States in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries
Abstract: 
 The general incorporation laws enacted in Britain and the US in the nineteenth century had strikingly different structures. Whereas British law was laissez-faire in spirit, the American statutes were highly regulatory. The literature on the efficiency of the common law might lead one to expect that these statutory differences would become less salient over time, as businesses litigated their disputes and courts in the two countries came to similar resolutions. However, the authors find that the case law tended, if anything, to accentuate the differences in the statutes. British courts typically enforced whatever arrangements shareholders wrote into their articles of association or otherwise contracted among themselves, so long as the agreements were not contrary to law. In the US, by contrast, courts generally refused to enforce shareholders’ agreements that deviated in any significant way from statutory norms. US law would not really begin to converge on British law until the second half of the twentieth century, when states began to enact more flexible general incorporation statutes. By that time, British company law was also becoming more regulatory.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1199-1221
Issue: 7
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1501027
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1501027
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:7:p:1199-1221




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Chick
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Chick
Title: Incentives, inequality and taxation: The Meade Committee Report on the Structure and Reform of Direct Taxation (1978)
Abstract: 
 The publication in 1978 of a report on The Structure and Reform of Direct Taxation by a committee headed by the economist James Meade marked the first fundamental study of the UK tax system commissioned by the Institute for Fiscal Studies. Many of its main recommendations centred around a shift away from taxing income and towards taxing expenditure. Tax incentives to save and reductions in marginal rates of income tax were designed to improve incentives to earn and to invest income. Such a shift characterised the UK tax system from 1979, albeit without acknowledging the work of the Meade Committee.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1222-1235
Issue: 7
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1456531
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1456531
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:7:p:1222-1235




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anthony Gandy
Author-X-Name-First: Anthony
Author-X-Name-Last: Gandy
Author-Name: Roy Edwards
Author-X-Name-First: Roy
Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards
Title: Enterprise vs. product logic: the industrial reorganisation corporation and the rationalisation of the British electrical/electronics industry
Abstract: 
 This article examines how the corporate economy was shaped by government intervention through the facilitation of mergers by the Industrial Reorganisation Corporation (IRC) during the late 1960s. We focus on the IRC-led realignment of the electrical/electronics sector applying a conceptual framework to archival material relating to this sector. We find evidence that the mergers were informed by an enterprise-level view of the market while disregarding product-level decision-making and conclude that the IRC vision for the sector widely ignored the product-level logic associated with the designing, making and selling functions. Instead, they relied on assessments of enterprise-level management character.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1236-1257
Issue: 7
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1462796
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1462796
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:7:p:1236-1257




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Correction
Journal: Business History
Pages: I-I
Issue: 7
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1680021
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1680021
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:7:p:I-I




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephanie Decker
Author-X-Name-First: Stephanie
Author-X-Name-Last: Decker
Author-Name: Ray Stokes
Author-X-Name-First: Ray
Author-X-Name-Last: Stokes
Author-Name: Andrea Colli
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea
Author-X-Name-Last: Colli
Author-Name: Abe de Jong
Author-X-Name-First: Abe
Author-X-Name-Last: de Jong
Author-Name: Paloma Fernandez Perez
Author-X-Name-First: Paloma
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernandez Perez
Author-Name: Neil Rollings
Author-X-Name-First: Neil
Author-X-Name-Last: Rollings
Title: Change of referencing style
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1-3
Issue: 1
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1386762
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1386762
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:1:p:1-3




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rafael Torres-Sánchez
Author-X-Name-First: Rafael
Author-X-Name-Last: Torres-Sánchez
Author-Name: Pepijn Brandon
Author-X-Name-First: Pepijn
Author-X-Name-Last: Brandon
Author-Name: Marjolein ‘t Hart
Author-X-Name-First: Marjolein
Author-X-Name-Last: ‘t Hart
Title: War and economy. Rediscovering the eighteenth-century military entrepreneur
Abstract: 
 The detrimental effects traditionally assigned to warfare in the development of pre-industrial economies have obscured the prominent role that military entrepreneurs played in economic development in this period. Historiography minimises the extent to which war and the concomitant strengthening of the central state provided a whole new range of opportunities for capital investment, a tendency that has been strengthened by the paradigm of Redlich’s ‘decline of the soldier-entrepreneur’ and the technological determinism of the debate on the Military Revolution among others. The aim of this introduction is to look into the background of this relative lack of interest and to reaffirm the mutual dependence of eighteenth-century state-formation and the business of war.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 4-22
Issue: 1
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1379507
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1379507
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:1:p:4-22




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gordon Bannerman
Author-X-Name-First: Gordon
Author-X-Name-Last: Bannerman
Title: The impact of war: New business networks and small-scale contractors in Britain, 1739–1770
Abstract: 
 This article argues that the resources and skills of military contractors were a crucial component of the war-making capacity of the British state in the mid-eighteenth century. Contractors used product knowledge, access to capital and credit, market intelligence, and personal and professional connections to perform contracts effectively, and by doing so contributed towards operational capability and combat readiness. Contracting not only reveals the diversity of the domestic economy but also the degree of connectivity between different sectors. Problems of scale, cost, and risk were overcome by harnessing and channelling broad expertise across different sectors. If modern states were highly innovative in fiscal-military terms, contractors were no less so in managing extensive supply operations.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 23-40
Issue: 1
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1312687
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1312687
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:1:p:23-40




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Plouviez
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Plouviez
Title: The French navy and war entrepreneurs: Identity, business relations, conflicts, and cooperation in the eighteenth century
Abstract: 
 The aim of this article is to provide comprehensive insight into the identity and role of war entrepreneurs in the service of the French navy. The markets that link the state to economic actors can be complex, from simple commercial agreements to deliver hardware or provide a service to a richer relationship leading to a partnership where entrepreneurs participate in the overall improvement of the armed forces (infrastructure financing, integration of the economic and technical standards of the navy, etc.).
Journal: Business History
Pages: 41-56
Issue: 1
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1366986
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1366986
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:1:p:41-56




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pierrick Pourchasse
Author-X-Name-First: Pierrick
Author-X-Name-Last: Pourchasse
Title: Military entrepreneurs and the development of the French economy in the eighteenth century
Abstract: 
 In the eighteenth century, a few military entrepreneurs with connections to the secretary of state of the navy developed large companies in order to meet the needs of the French state, which included a naval fleet fit to compete with its enemies. One of these entrepreneurs was Babaud de la Chaussade. While initially specialising in timber supply, his enterprise came to monopolise anchor manufacturing and owned one of the largest iron foundries in France. For over 30 years, Babaud’s enterprise had a presence in all the naval and French East India Company markets for iron products. The enterprise was bought by the French state at the end of the eighteenth century and survived until the end of the twentieth century.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 57-71
Issue: 1
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1351952
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1351952
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:1:p:57-71




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sergio Solbes Ferri
Author-X-Name-First: Sergio
Author-X-Name-Last: Solbes Ferri
Title: The Spanish monarchy as a contractor state in the eighteenth century: Interaction of political power with the market
Abstract: 
 The concept of the contractor state has been formulated to underline the existence of a necessary relation between state and private markets in the eighteenth century. Although all states acted as contractors in this period, it is necessary to clarify the relationship between the rulers and the market. Significant differences can be observed between parliamentary governments, which were comfortable with this situation, and the absolute monarchies, which constantly tried to interfere. The Spanish monarchy belongs to the second type, as this article tries to prove. This is a study about such a situation’s relevance and consequences with regard to the provision of uniforms for the army in particular, and for Spanish economic growth in general.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 72-86
Issue: 1
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1349107
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1349107
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:1:p:72-86




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Agustín González Enciso
Author-X-Name-First: Agustín
Author-X-Name-Last: González Enciso
Title: War contracting and artillery production in Spain
Abstract: 
 This article is part of a special issue on the relation between war and military enterprises in the long eighteenth century. The focus is on artillery as a military enterprise providing for the needs of the army and the navy. The paper shows the difficulties faced by Spain in producing guns (cast iron and bronze). The structure of ownership of firms, the nature of production systems, and scarcity of funding and technological shortcomings are considered. The state turned to monopolistic practices from the 1760s onwards but this change did not produce significant technological change. Contrary to expectations, wars did not stimulate production in the long run. From the early years of nineteenth century, the sector found itself overwhelmed by military invasion, financial crisis, and the decline of naval demand. Together, these factors caused the collapse of gun production.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 87-104
Issue: 1
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1379508
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1379508
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:1:p:87-104




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ivan Valdez-Bubnov
Author-X-Name-First: Ivan
Author-X-Name-Last: Valdez-Bubnov
Title: Shipbuilding administration under the Spanish Habsburg and Bourbon regimes (1590‒1834): A comparative perspective
Abstract: 
 This article aims at understanding the evolution of the administrative methods devised by the Spanish monarchy to interact with regional private initiative for the production of warships. It also aims at understanding the practice of financing naval shipbuilding in the royal shipyards of Spain and Spanish America by public contribution, in the form of both credit and voluntary donations. These processes were largely influenced by the need of both political systems to perform efficiently in war. This article addresses the relationship between the state and local entrepreneurs and examines the reach and objectives of the Habsburg and Bourbon naval administrations, seen as variants of the ‘contractor state’.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 105-125
Issue: 1
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1391219
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1391219
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:1:p:105-125




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mads Mordhorst
Author-X-Name-First: Mads
Author-X-Name-Last: Mordhorst
Author-Name: Stefan Schwarzkopf
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan
Author-X-Name-Last: Schwarzkopf
Title: Theorising narrative in business history
Abstract: 
 This article, and the special issue that it introduces, encourages business historians to reflect on the narrative nature of the work they produce. The articles provides an overview of how and why narratives came to occupy such a prominent status during the linguistic and narrative ‘turns’ of the 1970s. It then compares the different conceptualisations of narrative analysis that have emerged in historical research and in management and organisational studies. Finally, this introduction points out various ways in which business history can become enriched if its practitioners become more aware of the communicative, rhetorical and argumentative character of their work.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1155-1175
Issue: 8
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1357697
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1357697
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:8:p:1155-1175




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: William M. Foster
Author-X-Name-First: William M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Foster
Author-Name: Diego M. Coraiola
Author-X-Name-First: Diego M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Coraiola
Author-Name: Roy Suddaby
Author-X-Name-First: Roy
Author-X-Name-Last: Suddaby
Author-Name: Jochem Kroezen
Author-X-Name-First: Jochem
Author-X-Name-Last: Kroezen
Author-Name: David Chandler
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Chandler
Title: The strategic use of historical narratives: a theoretical framework 
Abstract: 
 History has long been recognised as a strategic and organisational resource. However, until recently, the advantage conferred by history was attributed to a firm’s ability to accumulate heterogeneous resources or develop opaque practices. In contrast, we argue that the advantage history confers on organisations is based on understanding when the knowledge of the past is referenced and the reasons why it is strategically communicated. We argue that managers package this knowledge in historical narratives to address particular organisational concerns and audiences. As well, we show that different historical narratives are produced with the goal of achieving different organisational outcomes. The success of an organisation is thus dependent on the ability of its managers to skilfully develop historical narratives that create a strategic advantage.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1176-1200
Issue: 8
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1224234
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1224234
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:8:p:1176-1200




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pamela Walker Laird
Author-X-Name-First: Pamela Walker
Author-X-Name-Last: Laird
Title: How business historians can save the world – from the fallacy of self-made success
Abstract: 
 Narratives about ‘self-made’ success form a pillar of Anglo-American lore, but the concept’s meanings and applications no longer reflect either its origins or how people actually succeed. Ideological competition has reshaped the Calvinists’ admiration for community-serving self-improvement into a Social Darwinian glorification of individual ambition and wealth. American and British business and political leaders now invoke this newer narrative to assail progressive policies and to advocate the funnelling of resources and authority toward the wealthy – purportedly worthy – few. Because business historians understand the contexts and mechanisms behind business success, they are well situated to balance competing stories about prosperity’s sources and obligations.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1201-1217
Issue: 8
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1251904
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1251904
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:8:p:1201-1217




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mairi Maclean
Author-X-Name-First: Mairi
Author-X-Name-Last: Maclean
Author-Name: Charles Harvey
Author-X-Name-First: Charles
Author-X-Name-Last: Harvey
Author-Name: Lindsay Stringfellow
Author-X-Name-First: Lindsay
Author-X-Name-Last: Stringfellow
Title: Narrative, metaphor and the subjective understanding of historic identity transition
Abstract: 
 This article examines the relevance of employing an oral history method and narrative interview techniques for business historians. We explore the use of oral history interviews as a means of capturing the expression of subjective experience in narrative and metaphor. We do so by analysing interviews concerning the transition of East German identities following reunification with West Germany. Self-expression emerges as critical to the vital identity work required for social integration following transformation, metaphor providing a means of articulating deep-rooted patterns of thought. We demonstrate that employing an oral history methodology can benefit business historians by affording access to the human dimension of a research project, unlocking the subjective understanding of experience by low-power actors among the non-hegemonic classes. Hence, employing an oral history methodology provides a valuable means of countering narrative imperialism, exemplified here by the dominant West German success story grounded in Western-style individual freedom.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1218-1241
Issue: 8
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1223048
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1223048
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:8:p:1218-1241




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Popp
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Popp
Author-Name: Susanna Fellman
Author-X-Name-First: Susanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Fellman
Title: Writing business history: Creating narratives
Abstract: 
 In this article we examine business history’s relationship to narrative history writing. In so doing we respond to the Call for Paper’s question: ‘storytelling vs business history: do business historians create narratives and in what ways?’ We survey attitudes in business history to narrative history writing, the relationship between archive, narrative, and historical knowledge claims, and the importance of writing practices and qualities. We report the results of interviews with practicing business historians and conclude that whilst the discipline has an ambiguous relationship with narratives and narrative history writing, there is a recognition that all historians are to an extent engaged in the construction of narratives, whenever they write. We argue that a re-engagement with narrative history writing might provide a way of resolving a current epistemological impasse between realist and interpretivist positions. Ultimately, any narrative turn in business history will be incomplete without an examination of the status of narrative history writing within the field.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1242-1260
Issue: 8
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1250742
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1250742
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:8:p:1242-1260




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gabrielle Durepos
Author-X-Name-First: Gabrielle
Author-X-Name-Last: Durepos
Author-Name: Alan McKinlay
Author-X-Name-First: Alan
Author-X-Name-Last: McKinlay
Author-Name: Scott Taylor
Author-X-Name-First: Scott
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor
Title: Narrating histories of women at work: Archives, stories, and the promise of feminism
Abstract: 
 This article explores narrative in business history and business histories as a means of understanding the absence and presence of women. We develop the argument that narrative is constructed in the historical research process, and note the implications of this for our understanding of business history as product and practice. We suggest that business historians work with a distinction between stories in description, generated by participants as found in traces of the past, and narration through analysis, created by historians writing in the present. We suggest that business historians can work productively with this differentiation, and that histories will be better able to consider the position of women in both forms of narrative. We conclude with reflections on the nature of the archive and feminist perspectives on history to outline a research agenda that would develop our argument empirically and conceptually.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1261-1279
Issue: 8
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1276900
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1276900
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:8:p:1261-1279




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Søren Friis Møller
Author-X-Name-First: Søren Friis
Author-X-Name-Last: Møller
Title: Histories of leadership in the Copenhagen Phil – A cultural view of narrativity in studies of leadership in symphony orchestras
Abstract: 
 The article offers a cultural view of narrativity in studies of leadership in addition to the mimetic, the structural and the communicative views to account for the role of culture in making sense of leadership. It proposes three interlinked aspects of narrativity: performativity, structure and cultural embeddedness as methodological considerations challenging the alleged innocence of narratives. It demonstrates the cultural propensity of certain understandings of leadership, and it suggests historical accounts of leadership constitute templates for future understandings of leadership. This is unfolded in the case of a symphony orchestra, and exemplified by two narratives producing different understandings of leadership.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1280-1302
Issue: 8
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1335306
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1335306
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:8:p:1280-1302




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: La place financière de Paris au  siècle. Des ambitions contrariées
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1303-1305
Issue: 8
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1156219
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1156219
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:8:p:1303-1305




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alain Beltran
Author-X-Name-First: Alain
Author-X-Name-Last: Beltran
Title: Les concessions hydroélectriques dans le grand sud-ouest, Histoire et débats 1902/2015
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1305-1306
Issue: 8
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1321165
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1321165
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:8:p:1305-1306




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: C. Edoardo Altamura
Author-X-Name-First: C. Edoardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Altamura
Title: Wall streeters: The creators and corruptors of American finance
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1306-1308
Issue: 8
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1326434
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1326434
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:8:p:1306-1308




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Linda Arch
Author-X-Name-First: Linda
Author-X-Name-Last: Arch
Title: America’s bank: The epic struggle to create the Federal Reserve
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1308-1309
Issue: 8
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1326435
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1326435
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:8:p:1308-1309




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniele Pozzi
Author-X-Name-First: Daniele
Author-X-Name-Last: Pozzi
Title: Start with the future and work back: a heritage management manifesto
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1310-1311
Issue: 8
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1328995
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1328995
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:8:p:1310-1311




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Valerio Cerretano
Author-X-Name-First: Valerio
Author-X-Name-Last: Cerretano
Title: The international aluminium cartel, 1886–1978: The business and politics of a cooperative industrial institution
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1311-1313
Issue: 8
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1331544
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1331544
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:8:p:1311-1313




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Business History
Journal: Business History
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 8
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1365923
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1365923
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:8:p:ebi-ebi




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bjørn L. Basberg
Author-X-Name-First: Bjørn L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Basberg
Title: Keynes, Trouton and the Hector Whaling Company. A personal and professional relationship
Abstract: 
 John Maynard Keynes’ activities in the stock market are well known. One company in which he bought shares was the Hector Whaling Company Ltd, London, founded in 1928. The director of this company was Rupert Trouton. He had worked with Keynes for the government during the First World War, was his student at Cambridge, and became a close partner in the City from the 1920s and onwards. This article outlines the foundation and development of Hector Whaling, and analyses the relationship between Trouton and Keynes. The focus is on their co-operation relating to Hector Whaling. But their relationship regarding various other businesses, as well as on the personal level, is also analysed.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 471-496
Issue: 4
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1214129
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1214129
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:4:p:471-496




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Colm O’Gorman
Author-X-Name-First: Colm
Author-X-Name-Last: O’Gorman
Author-Name: Declan Curran
Author-X-Name-First: Declan
Author-X-Name-Last: Curran
Title: Strategic transformations in large Irish-owned businesses
Abstract: 
 This research explores resistance to a universal business organisation by analysing large firms in Ireland. Drawing on our dataset of large Irish firms, a strategy-structure-ownership-performance (SSOP) informed study identifies strategic transformations such as increased internationalisation and changes in ownership regime across three benchmark years of 1978, 1990 and 2010. However large Irish firms are not characterised by convergence to a universal business organisation. This study contributes to the SSOP project by extending it to a new geographic context and, by including sector of activity, by providing a contextually sensitive explanation for the absence of a universally applicable business organisation.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 497-524
Issue: 4
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1220938
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1220938
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Aldous
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Aldous
Title: Rehabilitating the intermediary: brokers and auctioneers in the nineteenth-century Anglo-Indian trade
Abstract: 
 The complications of long-distance trade restricted the expansion of the Anglo-Indian trade in the first half of the nineteenth century. The take-off occurred after 1850, and can be correlated to the growing number of brokers and auctioneers. This article analyses the role and effects of these intermediaries, drawing on information economics theory. A new data-set shows that volatility in supply, demand and price of indigo was reduced by half as the number of intermediaries quadrupled. Analysis shows that they were uniquely placed to reduce information asymmetries significantly improving market co-ordination. These findings positively reassess the importance of these organisations and have implications for understanding the evolution of long-distance trade in the nineteenth century.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 525-553
Issue: 4
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1220939
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1220939
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Neveen Abdelrehim
Author-X-Name-First: Neveen
Author-X-Name-Last: Abdelrehim
Author-Name: Steven Toms
Author-X-Name-First: Steven
Author-X-Name-Last: Toms
Title: The obsolescing bargain model and oil: the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company 1933–1951
Abstract: 
 We employ archival evidence to investigate events culminating in the nationalisation of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (AIOC) in 1951, which followed disagreements over profit allocations arising from a previously negotiated concession. The case study expands the traditional obsolescing bargain model (OBM) by accommodating the use and impact of accounting information in negotiation contexts. The analysis reveals that managerial control and the deployment of accounting information by the AIOC temporarily strengthened its bargaining power vis-à-vis the Iranian government leading up to the nationalisation crisis, demonstrating the potential importance of these new dimensions in wider contexts.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 554-571
Issue: 4
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1232397
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1232397
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joseph Amankwah-Amoah
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph
Author-X-Name-Last: Amankwah-Amoah
Author-Name: Jan Ottosson
Author-X-Name-First: Jan
Author-X-Name-Last: Ottosson
Author-Name: Hans Sjögren
Author-X-Name-First: Hans
Author-X-Name-Last: Sjögren
Title: United we stand, divided we fall: historical trajectory of strategic renewal activities at the Scandinavian Airlines System, 1946–2012
Abstract: 
 Although the second half of the twentieth century saw the rise and fall of ‘multi-flag companies’ (MFCs) in the civil aviation industry, our understanding of how some managed to buck the trend and achieve longevity remains limited. This article advances business history and strategic management research by examining the strategic renewal activities of Scandinavian Airlines (formerly Scandinavian Airlines System [SAS]) during the period 1946–2012. The study sheds light on the key roles of private and state owners, rivals as well as banks, in critical financial phases are discussed in terms of longevity in the company. The longevity of the business stems from the leaders’ ability to develop as anticipated and respond to change in their competitive arena in close interaction with the owners. Thus, incumbent firms that strategically renew themselves prior to or during market reform, such as deregulation, enhance their chances of developing the size of their networks and revenue streams. Our main contribution to business history and strategic management literatures is the development of context-specific stages, which shed light on the evolution of strategic renewal activities and shifts from older processes and routines towards customer service and efficiency.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 572-606
Issue: 4
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1250743
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1250743
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Graeme G. Acheson
Author-X-Name-First: Graeme G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Acheson
Author-Name: Gareth Campbell
Author-X-Name-First: Gareth
Author-X-Name-Last: Campbell
Author-Name: John D. Turner
Author-X-Name-First: John D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Turner
Title: Who financed the expansion of the equity market? Shareholder clienteles in Victorian Britain
Abstract: 
 Who financed the great expansion of the Victorian equity market, and what attracted them to invest? Using data on 453 firm-years and over 172,000 shareholders, we find that the largest providers of capital were rentiers, men with no formal occupation who relied on investment income. We also see a substantial growth in women investors as time progressed. In terms of clientele effects, we find that rentiers invested in large firms, whilst businessmen were the venture capitalists of young, regional enterprises. Women and the middle classes preferred safe investments, whilst financiers and institutional investors were speculators in foreign companies. Our results may help to explain the growth of new types of assets catering for particular clienteles, and the development of managerial policies on dividends and share issues.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 607-637
Issue: 4
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1250744
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1250744
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:4:p:607-637




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: Le crédit à la consommation en France, 1947-1965. De la stigmatisation à la réglementation
Journal: Business History
Pages: 638-639
Issue: 4
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1068515
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1068515
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:4:p:638-639




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Learmonth
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Learmonth
Title: Early Victorian railway excursions: ‘The million go forth’
Journal: Business History
Pages: 639-640
Issue: 4
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1253638
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1253638
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:4:p:639-640




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Margrit Müller
Author-X-Name-First: Margrit
Author-X-Name-Last: Müller
Title: Du Capitalisme familiale au Capitalisme financier? Le Cas de l’Industrie Suisse des Machines, de l’Electrotechnique et de la Métallurgie au XXe Siècle
Journal: Business History
Pages: 641-642
Issue: 4
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1269526
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1269526
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:4:p:641-642




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anna Missiaia
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Missiaia
Title: Handbook of cliometrics
Journal: Business History
Pages: 642-643
Issue: 4
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1272895
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1272895
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:4:p:642-643




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark J. Crowley
Author-X-Name-First: Mark J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Crowley
Title: ‘Inequality’ and ‘value’ reconsidered? the employment of post office women, 1910–1922
Abstract: 
 In the British Civil Service, male workers were perceived more ‘valuable’ by managers owing to their supposed higher productivity and skills. This restricted women’s access to higher grade employment, and placed them on lower and different scales to their male colleagues. Yet women worked alongside men, both in the pre-war, wartime and interwar periods. Through examining the personnel practices of Britain’s largest Civil Service department – the Post Office – this article highlights the vital importance of this institution, and its women workers, to the nation’s war and reconstruction efforts. The inextricable connection between the Post Office and its main funder – the Treasury – brought tensions concerning the provision of labour, together with the short-term and long-term position of women in the department. When the First World War got underway, women’s vital contribution to the department’s efforts became apparent. Thus, when victory was in sight, Post Office managers made women a central component to their post-war plan, although initially it did not include a commitment to address the ubiquitous inequalities affecting male and female opportunity in the department. Yet the Post Office’s commitment to explicitly include women in its post-war plan, primarily owing to the shortage of suitably qualified men, placed it at the cutting edge in renegotiating with the government the position of women in the post-war labour market.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 985-1007
Issue: 7
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1155556
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1155556
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Franco Amatori
Author-X-Name-First: Franco
Author-X-Name-Last: Amatori
Title: The burden of the family company: Leopoldo Pirelli and his times
Abstract: 
 Leopoldo Pirelli was the third generation to run the family firm and a key character of Italian capitalism. He played a major role in Italy’s biggest merger and served as Head of the Committee for Reforms of the Italian Confederation of Industrialists. As head of Pirelli, he was appreciated by shareholders and by management. Though intent on internationalisation, he failed twice (the ‘Union’ with Dunlop and later with Continental). After this second failure he resigned. A respected leader of the international business community, Pirelli failed at his most important task – transforming a family firm into a public company.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1008-1033
Issue: 7
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1154046
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1154046
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:7:p:1008-1033




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Heller
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Heller
Title: The development of integrated marketing communications at the British General Post Office, 1931–39
Abstract: 
 In the 1930s, the General Post Office (GPO) in Britain became one of the nation’s most innovative pioneers of marketing communication. Following criticism of the organisation in the 1920s for its conservative use of publicity, the GPO embarked upon a series of creative publicity campaigns that applied, amongst other methods, advertising, public relations, promotions, cinema, events and artistic posters. Through an overview of its publicity, and through a narrative of three case-studies, this article argues that one of the most important innovations of the GPO was its integration of marketing communication, both in terms of techniques used and in relation to its emphasis in promoting the organisation and the services it provided.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1034-1054
Issue: 7
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1155557
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1155557
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:7:p:1034-1054




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fernando Collantes
Author-X-Name-First: Fernando
Author-X-Name-Last: Collantes
Title: Food chains and the retailing revolution: supermarkets, dairy processors and consumers in Spain (1960 to the present)
Abstract: 
 On the basis of an analysis of the retailing of dairy products in Spain from 1960 onwards, it is argued that the rise of supermarkets was conditioned by developments taking place in the food system, and not just by macro-scale socioeconomic change. Upstream, supermarket expansion depended on dairy processors’ capacity to push raw milk out of the consumer market. Downstream, the expansion was favoured by the transition towards a demand pattern that featured little aggregate dynamism and much product diversification. This case suggests that a food chain perspective might contribute to the historical study of the retail sector, especially by making the study of conditional causality more systematic.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1055-1076
Issue: 7
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1155558
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1155558
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:7:p:1055-1076




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Birgit Karlsson
Author-X-Name-First: Birgit
Author-X-Name-Last: Karlsson
Title: Cartels and norms in the Swedish steel industry 1923–1953
Abstract: 
 This article discusses the reasons for cartel stability by using the Swedish Steel Casting Cartel as an example. Previous research points out organisational structure and the ability to deal with exit entry and cheating as crucial for stability. In this article, the development of social norms, morally legitimised within the cartel, is discussed as a possible explanation for cartel stability. The organisational structure developed was flexible enough to deal with problems of exit entry and cheating. The discussions on quotas and prices led to a common view on fair prices. The conclusion is that the organisational structure can partly explain why the Steel Casting Group was relatively stable but that there are indications that the development of common social norms related to the value of fairness was also an important explanatory factor.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1077-1094
Issue: 7
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1156086
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1156086
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:7:p:1077-1094




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Harvey
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Harvey
Title: The rise of the LP: the politics of diffusion innovation in the recording industry
Abstract: 
 This article investigates how the standardisation of the 45 RPM single and 33 RPM album in 1951 forced the recording industry to rethink their marketing strategies. The industry’s focus on weak unit strategies and capitalisation on the emergent artistic aesthetic are evaluated. To establish correlations between strategies and the popularity of singles and albums between 1955 and 1979, OLS models were generated using large datasets on chart performance of albums and singles. This study concludes that the industry tended toward sub-optimal, risk-averse strategies, and that the LP likely succeeded despite record companies’ efforts to control their products and messaging.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1095-1117
Issue: 7
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1156673
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1156673
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:7:p:1095-1117




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adrien Jean-Guy Passant
Author-X-Name-First: Adrien Jean-Guy
Author-X-Name-Last: Passant
Title: Issues in European business education in the mid-nineteenth century: a comparative perspective
Abstract: 
 This article explores the emergence of European business education in the mid-nineteenth century. Drawing on archival analysis the typological study which this article proposes, attempts to show that business education before 1870 seems to have been a geographically and institutionally broader expression than has been described up to now. It identifies four organisational models of business education and reveals that higher business education was not limited to the Higher Schools of Commerce alone. It concludes that the European states took, directly or not, an interest in business education well before the end of the nineteenth century.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1118-1145
Issue: 7
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1158251
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1158251
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:7:p:1118-1145




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: Les Gillet de Lyon. Fortunes d’une grande dynastie industrielle (1838-2015)
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1083-1085
Issue: 6
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1216506
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1216506
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:6:p:1083-1085




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sheryllynne Haggerty
Author-X-Name-First: Sheryllynne
Author-X-Name-Last: Haggerty
Title: What’s in a price? The American raw cotton market in Liverpool and the Anglo-American War
Abstract: 
 This article argues that an embryonic futures market was present in Liverpool during the Anglo-American War. The analysis of a previously unseen data-set of printed Prices Currents has facilitated not only a price series of raw cotton prices, but an in-depth analysis of the ‘construction’ of those raw cotton prices. By positing a definition of an embryonic futures market and then analysing each of the features of a such a market in turn, this study demonstrates the existence of an embryonic futures market in early nineteenth-century Liverpool.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 942-970
Issue: 6
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1434146
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1434146
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:6:p:942-970




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Smith
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith
Author-Name: Maki Umemura
Author-X-Name-First: Maki
Author-X-Name-Last: Umemura
Title: Prospects for a transparency revolution in the field of business history
Abstract: 
 The last five years have seen is an increasing emphasis on research transparency in many disciplines. Unfortunately, the field of business history is being bypassed by the movement for the creation of research transparency institutions. The article begins by showing why it is important for the business history community to engage with the research transparency movement by embracing the principle of Open Data. The article then argues that Active Citation is the right variant of Open Data for the business–history community and that the widespread adoption of Active Citation in the field of business history would be promoted by the creation of a specialised repository for business–historical research data. The challenges involved in establishing such a repository are discussed. The article concludes by arguing that business historical journals and monograph publishers should not require authors to use Active Citation; rather, contributors should merely be required to state whether they have made the data underlying their article available online.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 919-941
Issue: 6
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1439019
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1439019
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:6:p:919-941




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jesper Strandskov
Author-X-Name-First: Jesper
Author-X-Name-Last: Strandskov
Title: Restructuring of the Danish pork industry: The role of mergers and takeovers, 1960–2010
Abstract: 
 This article examines the origins and effects of the evolution of the Danish pork industry characterised by three main merger waves resulting in 43 realised mergers and takeovers. The findings illuminate – in contrast to the traditional strategically motivated rationale – that the majority of the mergers were realised by cooperatives due to the inability to give the pig farmers competitive yearly refunds vis-à-vis local competitors, to financial difficulties or to the lack of investment capability of one of the merging parties. Despite a high-risky strategy, mergers and takeovers became the preferred consolidation mean due to capital constrains and the ‘close’ ownership structure of the cooperatives. Moreover, the study demonstrates that the outcomes of the M&A activities were generally positive.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 971-1004
Issue: 6
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1439020
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1439020
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:6:p:971-1004




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Natalya Vinokurova
Author-X-Name-First: Natalya
Author-X-Name-Last: Vinokurova
Title: Failure to learn from failure: The 2008 mortgage crisis as a déjà vu of the mortgage meltdown of 1994
Abstract: 
 This article traces the developments in the market for residential mortgage-backed securities (MBS) during the period 1970–2008. Drawing on an analysis of trade publications, business press, and interviews with practitioners, it shows that an MBS market meltdown in 1994 provided clear signals of problems with MBS. The market participants did not re-evaluate their use of risk management tools or adjust security design in response to the 1994 crisis, suggesting a lack of understanding of the implications of the crisis. The 1994 meltdown showed that MBS were vulnerable to systematic risks and that these risks could precipitate an MBS market crash. Furthermore, the 1994 meltdown demonstrated that large-scale investment in MBS could affect the primary mortgage market, thereby rendering the MBS risks unpredictable. After 1994, MBS investment shifted to MBS backed by mortgages with default risk – a development that led to the crash of 2008. By drawing parallels between the 1994 and 2008 crises, this article shows how the MBS market failed to self-correct. The results suggest that financial market participants do not always incorporate relevant information in their decision-making and that market participants have difficulties in both foreseeing the effect of financial innovations on markets and interpreting these effects.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1005-1050
Issue: 6
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1440548
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1440548
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:6:p:1005-1050




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giuseppe Telesca
Author-X-Name-First: Giuseppe
Author-X-Name-Last: Telesca
Title: La sfida internazionale della Comit
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1086-1087
Issue: 6
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1443784
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1443784
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:6:p:1086-1087




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lachlan  MacKinnon
Author-X-Name-First: Lachlan
Author-X-Name-Last:  MacKinnon
Title: Aluminiumville: Government, global business, and the Scottish Highlands
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1088-1089
Issue: 6
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1446769
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1446769
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:6:p:1088-1089




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adrien Jean-Guy Passant
Author-X-Name-First: Adrien Jean-Guy
Author-X-Name-Last: Passant
Title: The early emergence of European commercial education in the nineteenth century: Insights from higher engineering schools
Abstract: 
 The setting of European commercial education has traditionally been addressed with reference to higher schools of commerce and faculties of business. This has not taken into account empirical evidence showing that, historically, higher engineering schools also offered a mixed education in mercantile and technical subjects to students who wanted to devote themselves to business. However, this type of schooling has received little attention. This article investigates how commercial departments from higher engineering schools constituted an initial, yet ephemeral, public attempt to build an engineering model of commercial education that closely combined mercantile and technical instruction well before the twentieth century.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1051-1082
Issue: 6
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1448063
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1448063
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:6:p:1051-1082




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Klas Rönnbäck
Author-X-Name-First: Klas
Author-X-Name-Last: Rönnbäck
Title: Transaction costs of early modern multinational enterprise: measuring the transatlantic information lag of the British Royal African Company and its successor, 1680–1818
Abstract: 
 There is extensive previous research on the early modern chartered multinational corporations, their development and how they dealt with the various challenges they faced. This article attempts to contribute to this field of research by estimating quantitatively the information lag in early modern multinational enterprise, studying the case of the British Royal African Company and its successor the Company of Merchants Trading to Africa. The results show that the transatlantic information lag decreased somewhat during the second half of the eighteenth century. The decrease was however quite modest, and far less striking than has been claimed in some previous research. During the period, this information lag therefore still posed a major constraint on the development of multinational enterprise.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1147-1163
Issue: 8
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1156087
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1156087
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:8:p:1147-1163




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lionel Frost
Author-X-Name-First: Lionel
Author-X-Name-Last: Frost
Author-Name: Margaret Lightbody
Author-X-Name-First: Margaret
Author-X-Name-Last: Lightbody
Author-Name: Amanda Carter
Author-X-Name-First: Amanda
Author-X-Name-Last: Carter
Author-Name: Abdel K. Halabi
Author-X-Name-First: Abdel K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Halabi
Title: A cricket ground or a football stadium? The business of ground sharing at the Adelaide Oval before 1973
Abstract: 
 Before 1973, cricket and Australian Football used the Adelaide Oval for major games during their respective seasons. Football’s popularity as a spectator sport prompted its organising body to seek to build an improved stadium, but cricket authorities controlled the asset and acted to maintain its specialised character as a cricket ground. A case study of how the gains from a shared capital good are negotiated when asset controllers and users have different objectives is provided. A series of counterfactual scenarios based on football remaining at the Oval is constructed from archival sources and their outcomes projected based on data in financial reports.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1164-1182
Issue: 8
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1167188
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1167188
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:8:p:1164-1182




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lan Peng
Author-X-Name-First: Lan
Author-X-Name-Last: Peng
Author-Name: Alistair M. Brown
Author-X-Name-First: Alistair M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown
Title: A decade of hybrid reporting and accountabilities of the Hanyeping Company (1909–1919)
Abstract: 
 Using a model of hybrid reporting and accountabilities, this article considers the reporting and accountability of the Hanyeping Company in the Beiyang era. The results of the study suggest that the Hanyeping Company attempted to provide comprehensive accounts of its activities to satisfy the needs of a plethora of domestic and foreign stakeholders through a combination of detailed Western and Chinese accounts. In keeping with Western and indigenous Chinese expectations of accounting, the Hanyeping Company prepared accounts that demonstrated characteristics of Auyeung’s demonstrated features of nineteenth-century Westernised reporting and the traditional reporting model. This suggests that the period between 1909 and 1919 experienced a decade of reporting hybridisation in direct contrast to the so-called period of accounting stagnation of the late Qing Dynasty.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1183-1209
Issue: 8
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1167878
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1167878
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:8:p:1183-1209




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andreas R. Dugstad Sanders
Author-X-Name-First: Andreas R. Dugstad
Author-X-Name-Last: Sanders
Author-Name: Pål Thonstad Sandvik
Author-X-Name-First: Pål Thonstad
Author-X-Name-Last: Sandvik
Author-Name: Espen Storli
Author-X-Name-First: Espen
Author-X-Name-Last: Storli
Title: Dealing with globalisation: the Nordic countries and inward FDI, 1900–1939
Abstract: 
 This article examines the different ways in which the four Nordic countries chose to regulate the inflow of foreign direct investments (FDI). By studying the laws regulating foreign ownership, as well as their implementation, it becomes clear that the four countries followed a pragmatic and tolerant policy towards inward FDI, but that the resource rich countries actively tried to prevent foreign ownership of their most important natural resources. The article also shows how the countries’ stricter policy on foreign ownership in the early twentieth century was not a casualty of World War I, but more predominantly a reaction to the increasing international economic integration before the war.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1210-1235
Issue: 8
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1172568
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1172568
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:8:p:1210-1235




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kirsten Kininmonth
Author-X-Name-First: Kirsten
Author-X-Name-Last: Kininmonth
Title: Weber’s Protestant Work Ethic: a case study of Scottish entrepreneurs, the Coats Family of Paisley
Abstract: 
 This study examines the potential of Weber’s Protestant Work Ethic (PWE) to illustrate the growth, development and business philosophy of J &amp; P Coats, a thread manufacturer from Paisley. The company grew from humble beginnings in 1826 to dominate the world thread market in a comparatively short period of time. The article will begin with a synopsis of the key arguments from the PWE, before moving to a summary of many of the debates, both past and recent, which have been put forward both for and against Weber’s work. The review of this body of work will highlight the continued relevance of Weber’s thesis. The brief history of the J &amp; P Coats firm, and the main family members involved in its rise and progress will be provided, which will then provide a background against which Weber’s theories can be examined. Finally, the article will conclude that Weber’s thesis provides a rationale for understanding the development of the company, and the behaviour of its owners, which will in turn offer more contemporary validation of Weber’s theories.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1236-1261
Issue: 8
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1172569
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1172569
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:8:p:1236-1261




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Jones
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones
Author-Name: Simon Mowatt
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Mowatt
Title: National image as a competitive disadvantage: the case of the New Zealand organic food industry 
Abstract: 
 This article examines why organic agriculture and food consumption developed more strongly in some countries than others between the 1970s and the 2000s. The focus is the limited growth of the New Zealand organic sector, which contrasts with countries such as Denmark which were similar in size and shared significant export agri-business sectors, but whose organic food sector became significantly larger. While the power of incumbent vested interests and unsupportive public policies emerge as major explanatory factors, the article argues that the long-established national image of New Zealand as a clean and green country may have been the major constraint.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1262-1288
Issue: 8
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1178721
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1178721
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:8:p:1262-1288




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leslie Hannah
Author-X-Name-First: Leslie
Author-X-Name-Last: Hannah
Title: The power of corporate networks: a comparative and historical perspective
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1289-1290
Issue: 8
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1156221
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1156221
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:8:p:1289-1290




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: La Compagnie des compteurs, acteur et témoin des mutations industrielles du  siècle (1872–1987)
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1290-1292
Issue: 8
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1068519
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1068519
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:8:p:1290-1292




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alex Gillett
Author-X-Name-First: Alex
Author-X-Name-Last: Gillett
Title: The rise of the public authority: statebuilding and economic development in twentieth-century America
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1292-1293
Issue: 8
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1175542
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1175542
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:8:p:1292-1293




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alex Gillett
Author-X-Name-First: Alex
Author-X-Name-Last: Gillett
Title: The business of waste: Great Britain and Germany, 1945 to the present
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1293-1295
Issue: 8
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1175541
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1175541
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:8:p:1293-1295




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial Board
Journal: Business History
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 8
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1215124
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1215124
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:8:p:ebi-ebi




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Billings
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Billings
Author-Name: Anna Tilba
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Tilba
Author-Name: John Wilson
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson
Title: ‘To invite disappointment or worse’: governance, audit and due diligence in the Ferranti–ISC merger
Abstract: 
 Mergers and acquisitions frequently destroy shareholder value, and UK companies have a particularly poor record in US deals. But outcomes are rarely as calamitous as in the case of the British electronics group Ferranti which in 1987 entered into a significant merger with the US company International Signal and Control Group (ISC). The combined group had collapsed by 1993. Our analysis of the case, seen in the light of more recent corporate failures such as the Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS), leads us to question whether the UK’s ‘idiosyncratic mix’ of corporate governance mechanisms can ever effectively constrain the flawed and dictatorial decision-making of dominant individuals.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 453-478
Issue: 4
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1085973
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1085973
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:4:p:453-478




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stijn Ronsse
Author-X-Name-First: Stijn
Author-X-Name-Last: Ronsse
Author-Name: Glenn Rayp
Author-X-Name-First: Glenn
Author-X-Name-Last: Rayp
Title: International shipping traffic as a determinant of the growing use of advertisements by local shopkeepers: a case study of eighteenth century Ghent
Abstract: 
 In this article we examine the quantitative growth of growing number of advertisements (ads) placed by local shopkeepers in the three-daily chronicle of Ghent between 1706 and 1800. We test whether this evolution can be explained by international (shipping) commerce, a determinant to which the literature seems to have paid less attention. In this period, the number of commercial ads placed by local shopkeepers increased strongly. The nature of the offered goods, Ordinary Least squares/Generalized method of moments (OLS/GMM) regressions and Granger-causality tests give convergent indications that this was determined by increasing international trade (on top of other factors). The intuition is that, as a result of the policy of the Austrian government to facilitate accessibility and hence reducing transportation costs, there was an inflow of new goods into the Southern Netherlands. Local shopkeepers in Ghent were supplied with more and new imported goods and increased their vending efforts by making use of commercial advertisements.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 479-500
Issue: 4
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1085974
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1085974
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:4:p:479-500




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ben Harvey
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Harvey
Title: The Oaks Colliery disaster of 1866: a case study in responsibility
Abstract: 
 This article examines the 1866 Oaks Colliery explosion as a case study for the wider context of coal mining safety. Behaviour within the mine is explored, along with how safety legislation was actually enacted there. Doing so allows the changing attitudes of the state, the owners and management, and the workers to be understood, and combines disparate literatures. It displays the process of establishing state responsibility for industrial workers, and the safety duties understood by other parties. Findings reveal the closeness of the state to the owners that created vague safety laws, and the risks deemed suitable to work under.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 501-531
Issue: 4
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1086342
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1086342
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:4:p:501-531




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Therese Nordlund Edvinsson
Author-X-Name-First: Therese
Author-X-Name-Last: Nordlund Edvinsson
Title: Standing in the shadow of the corporation: women’s contribution to Swedish family business in the early twentieth century
Abstract: 
 This article investigates the role of wives in the Swedish business elite in the early 1900s, through letters and diaries. The Swedish case is particularly interesting, since the country has a long tradition of successful corporate families. The corporate wife was expected to perform duties linked to the family business. To get more directly involved in the firm, the husband had to give his permission. By offering support the wife could gain tacit knowledge of her husband’s work. Her emotional efforts influenced the achievements of the family business, sometimes even its survival.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 532-546
Issue: 4
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1105219
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1105219
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:4:p:532-546




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kristene E. Coller
Author-X-Name-First: Kristene E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Coller
Author-Name: Jean Helms Mills
Author-X-Name-First: Jean
Author-X-Name-Last: Helms Mills
Author-Name: Albert J. Mills
Author-X-Name-First: Albert J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mills
Title: The British Airways Heritage Collection: an ethnographic ‘history’
Abstract: 
 This article develops an ethnographic account of the development and history of the British Airways Heritage Centre (BAHC). Responding to several observations throughout the literature, we report on our experiences of engagement with British Airways’ archives over a 25-year period. In doing so our focus is on the much-neglected history of archives as powerful influences on how corporate histories are written. The ethnographic account is rooted in ANTi-History, an approach to historiography, that focuses on the production of history as knowledge of the past by following a number of human (e.g. archive volunteers) and non-human (e.g. airline artefacts) actors to reassemble the elements that constitute an archive at a point in time. To that end, we trace the inter-relationships between histories of British Airways and the development of the BAHC. We conclude that a focus on the various human and non-human relationships that constitute an archive can help the researcher to identify the hidden influences on the production of history that can otherwise serve to enrol him or her.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 547-570
Issue: 4
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1105218
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1105218
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:4:p:547-570




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luca Zan
Author-X-Name-First: Luca
Author-X-Name-Last: Zan
Title: Complexity, anachronism and time-parochialism: historicising strategy while strategising history
Abstract: 
 The focus of the article is the relationship between history and strategy. Although little interest can be found in mainstream management journals, the hidden relationship between history and strategy is looked for here in a double sense. On the one hand, the article will try to historicise strategy, questioning the alleged discontinuity that is normally used to explain the emergence of the notion itself. More than changes at the ontological level, it is changes at the perspectival level that explain the establishment of the new area of research. The article also discusses possible implications for broader historical research when taking into account some of the hidden distinguishing features of strategy studies and strategising history.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 571-596
Issue: 4
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2014.956730
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2014.956730
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:4:p:571-596




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: Nickel. La naissance de l’industrie calédonienne
Journal: Business History
Pages: 597-599
Issue: 4
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1068518
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1068518
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:4:p:597-599




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francesco Guidi-Bruscoli
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco
Author-X-Name-Last: Guidi-Bruscoli
Title: Libr. XV: Cotrugli and de Raphaeli on Business and Bookkeeping in the Renaissance
Journal: Business History
Pages: 599-600
Issue: 4
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1068520
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1068520
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:4:p:599-600




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vera Zamagni
Author-X-Name-First: Vera
Author-X-Name-Last: Zamagni
Title: Il farsi di una grande impresa. La Montecatini fra le due guerre mondiali
Journal: Business History
Pages: 600-601
Issue: 4
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1116785
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1116785
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:4:p:600-601




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Howard Cox
Author-X-Name-First: Howard
Author-X-Name-Last: Cox
Title: The international distribution of news: the Associated Press, Press Association, and Reuters, 1848–1947
Journal: Business History
Pages: 601-603
Issue: 4
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1123802
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1123802
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:4:p:601-603




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Phil Lyon
Author-X-Name-First: Phil
Author-X-Name-Last: Lyon
Title: Sanders Bros: the rise and fall of a British grocery giant
Journal: Business History
Pages: 603-604
Issue: 4
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1123803
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1123803
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:4:p:603-604




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew McCaffrey
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew
Author-X-Name-Last: McCaffrey
Title: The entrepreneur in history: from medieval merchant to modern business leader
Journal: Business History
Pages: 604-606
Issue: 4
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1123804
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1123804
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:4:p:604-606




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Wood
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey
Author-X-Name-Last: Wood
Title: The lion wakes: a modern history of HSBC
Journal: Business History
Pages: 606-608
Issue: 4
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1123807
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1123807
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:4:p:606-608




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Smith
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith
Author-Name: Kirsten Greer
Author-X-Name-First: Kirsten
Author-X-Name-Last: Greer
Title: Uniting business history and global environmental history
Abstract: 
 This article introduces the contributions in the special issue and explains its aims. It observes that scholars in both environmental and business history are increasingly interested with the question of how knowledge flows over long distances, which is the central theme of this special issue. The introduction also serves to establish the relevance of the contributions to academics who research ‘environmental knowledge management’. Although this term did not exist during any of the historical periods covered by the contributions in this special issue, the firms discussed here were nevertheless engaged in this complicated task.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 987-1009
Issue: 7
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1338688
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1338688
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:7:p:987-1009




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joshua MacFadyen
Author-X-Name-First: Joshua
Author-X-Name-Last: MacFadyen
Title: Long-range forecasts: Linseed oil and the hemispheric movement of market and climate data, 1890–1939
Abstract: 
 Crop and weather forecasting are some of the least predictable elements of agri-business, and public and private sector interests have developed different approaches to improving results in each area. This article examines how organisations produced, acquired, and shared the environmental knowledge they needed for success in the increasingly global supply chains of agri-business. Crop knowledge was extensive and growing in the late nineteenth century, including a series of nascent forecasting methods. Climate knowledge was limited and retreating because of underfunding and spurious theories about solar radiation. But the records of Archer-Daniels-Midland (ADM) and crop scientists in the Northern Great Plains show that linseed oil manufacturers created extensive knowledge networks to gather crop and some climate information in almost real time. Business associations served an asymmetrical role in these knowledge networks, and some manufacturers, like the members of the Flax Development Committee, treated scientists as a crop reporting service. As Argentina became a major linseed producer the US oilseed sector used public and private intermediaries to develop specialized knowledge of grassland agriculture in both the Prairies and the Pampas.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1010-1033
Issue: 7
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1304915
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1304915
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:7:p:1010-1033




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dawn Alexandrea Berry
Author-X-Name-First: Dawn Alexandrea
Author-X-Name-Last: Berry
Title: Business interrupted: remote resources and environmental knowledge flows in times of global crisis (Alcan and Greenland 1940–1945)
Abstract: 
 This article examines the process through which the Aluminium Company of Canada (Alcan) obtained information regarding the Greenlandic cryolite industry during World War 2 in order to explore the ways in which distance affects the circulation of environmental knowledge for resource extraction in times of crisis. It argues that the war forced Alcan to radically alter its means of acquiring information about the Greenlandic operations. The information eventually acquired about the nature of the cryolite mine revealed the environmental and logistical challenges of doing business in the Arctic, and encouraged the company to seek synthetic alternatives to the scarce natural resource it obtained from the region.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1034-1053
Issue: 7
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1174693
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1174693
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: George Colpitts
Author-X-Name-First: George
Author-X-Name-Last: Colpitts
Title: Knowing nature in the business records of the Hudson’s Bay Company, 1670–1840
Abstract: 
 After being established by royal charter in 1670, the London-based Hudson’s Bay Company (HBC) created an impressive environmental record of British North America in its accounting and journals. The quality and flow of environmental information to its London Committee, however, changed by the nineteenth century, when directors privileged ‘facts’ rather than mere environmental observation. Of direct use within its emerging management accounting system, explicit environmental information flows had their greatest impact within the company’s regions, rather than in London itself. The HBC’s changing quality and flow of environmental information suggest ways to rethink commercial empires of knowledge in business and environmental history.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1054-1080
Issue: 7
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1304914
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1304914
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hayley Goodchild
Author-X-Name-First: Hayley
Author-X-Name-Last: Goodchild
Title: The problem of milk in the nineteenth-century Ontario cheese industry: an envirotechnical approach to business history
Abstract: 
 This article analyses Ontario’s export-oriented cheese industry and its challenges in the second half of the nineteenth century using an ‘envirotechnical’ approach. The reorganisation of cheese production from farms to rural factories in the 1860s increased opportunities for spoilage and adulteration of milk at the same time that it made detecting and managing the same more difficult, which compelled the provincial dairymen’s associations to develop quasi-managerial roles to contend with these unanticipated challenges. The ‘problem of milk’ highlights the extent to which the rural cheese industry was an ecological and envirotechnical process rather than an entity separate from the non-human world. Ultimately this case study offers one model for combining environmental and business histories at a scale beyond the individual firm while also highlighting the relevance of the local in the development of the global food system in the late-nineteenth century.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1081-1110
Issue: 7
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1173031
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1173031
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Karolina Hutková
Author-X-Name-First: Karolina
Author-X-Name-Last: Hutková
Title: Transfer of European technologies and their adaptations: The case of the Bengal silk industry in the late-eighteenth century
Abstract: 
 This article investigates the adaptations of Italian silk technologies to the environment of Bengal. The case is particularly interesting as the English East India Company (EEIC) invested considerable effort into making the technologies operational in the new climatic and socio-economic context. The article highlights the unequal focus on technical adaptations, although it points out that commercial and economic, and social adaptations were not completely neglected. It concludes that the key obstacle for the commercial success of the transferred technologies was the lack of attention to institutional adaptations. Institutional problems that arose were the result of lack of leadership and managerial innovations on the part of the company rather than the technology itself.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1111-1135
Issue: 7
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1288723
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1288723
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jon Stobart
Author-X-Name-First: Jon
Author-X-Name-Last: Stobart
Title: Making the global local? Overseas goods in English rural shops, c.1600–1760
Abstract: 
 This article draws on probate inventories from 36 villages in four counties to examine the shifting place of overseas goods in the stock of English rural shops. It shows that a range of colonial groceries and Indian textiles were to be found in village shops from the early-seventeenth century, but that their availability varied considerably, as did their relative to the retail business. Whilst they rarely appear to have underpinned the viability of the shop, their early and persistent presence draws the village shop and the rural consumer into the mainstream of consumption and retail transformation.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1136-1153
Issue: 7
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1293040
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1293040
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ingo Köhler
Author-X-Name-First: Ingo
Author-X-Name-Last: Köhler
Title: Confrontational coordination: The rearrangement of public relations in the automotive industry during the 1970s
Abstract: 
 The article stresses the importance of communication processes as a fundamental basis for interest coordination in Rhenish Capitalism. Using the example of public relations work of the German automotive industry during the 1960s and 1970s, the article shows that a long dominant consensus about automobility as a guarantee for economic growth and social prosperity began to unravel as the negative aspects of mass motorisation came under public scrutiny. Older asymmetric concepts of corporate communication based on manipulative lobbying efforts and agenda setting strategies were superseded by an ‘issue management’ approach that took the collective interests of the public seriously. These confrontational but also responsive patterns of communication strengthened the institutional arrangements in the long run.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 898-917
Issue: 5
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1257001
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1257001
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ralf Ahrens
Author-X-Name-First: Ralf
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahrens
Title: Financing Rhenish capitalism: ‘bank power’ and the business of crisis management in the 1960s and 1970s
Abstract: 
 The German tradition of Hausbanks financing industrial enterprises over long periods, often accompanied by equity participation and memberships on supervisory boards, is considered a core element of Rhenish capitalism. Reconsidering the discussion about ‘bank power’ that has often referred to this system of corporate finance, this article explores the opportunities and limits of influence encountered by German big banks vis-à-vis their customers from big industry. Five case studies focusing on the management of financial crises are presented to demonstrate that, in practice, banks could only obtain control in cases of emergency, sometimes even against their will and at high cost.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 863-878
Issue: 5
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1259313
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1259313
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephanie Tilly
Author-X-Name-First: Stephanie
Author-X-Name-Last: Tilly
Title: Supplier relations within the German automobile industry. The case of Daimler-Benz, 1950–1980
Abstract: 
 The German automobile industry is often described by the maintenance of stable relationships between automakers and their suppliers. According to the varieties of capitalism approach, many firms in coordinated market economies (CME) cultivated strong inter-company relations. The article incorporates this idea and reflects on the supply relationship in the German automobile industry from the 1950s to the 1980s. The rapid increase in automobile production during the phase of growth demanded increasing capacities in the supplier industries and had some conflict potential, but at the same time supply structures were characterised by great continuity. At the end of the boom the coordinating culture of relations came under pressure and the existing rules of the game were modified.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 879-897
Issue: 5
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1267143
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1267143
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christian Marx
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Marx
Title: Between national governance and the internationalisation of business. The case of four major West German producers of chemicals, pharmaceuticals and fibres, 1945–2000
Abstract: 
 Although German companies lost their foreign assets after World War II, they returned quickly to the world market after 1945. While internationalisation during the post-war boom was mainly based on exports, foreign direct investment (FDI) increased enormously since the late 1960s. Simultaneously, the companies remained part of the German corporate network as a typical characteristic of Rhenish capitalism. Unlike many Varieties-of-Capitalism (VoC) studies dealing with the macro-level picture of whole economies, the article reconsiders the idea that firms should be at the centre of analysis and examines the responses of four major West German producers of chemicals, pharmaceuticals and fibres to the tension between national corporate governance and increasing internationalisation.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 833-862
Issue: 5
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1284201
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1284201
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Boris Gehlen
Author-X-Name-First: Boris
Author-X-Name-Last: Gehlen
Title: Corporate law and corporate control in West Germany after 1945
Abstract: 
 According to the ‘Varieties of Capitalism’ and ‘Law and Finance’ approaches, legal institutions regulating corporate finance and governance shape specific national varieties of capitalism. This article analyses legal debates and practices of corporate control in post-war Germany from the perspective of business history. It argues that the stock corporation law did not have a significant impact on control practices. The law only roughly outlined rights of the supervisory boards and defined minimum standards. There was considerable room for manoeuvre within the corporations, and various effective and some ineffective control arrangements were possible. The article indicates that not only legal institutions but external political and economic factors were important for Germany’s coordinated market economy and for the development of greater capital market control.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 810-832
Issue: 5
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1319939
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1319939
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Morten Reitmayer
Author-X-Name-First: Morten
Author-X-Name-Last: Reitmayer
Title: The concept of social fields and the productive models: Two examples from the European automobile industry
Abstract: 
 The article examines the possibilities of the combination of the concept of social fields, which was developed by the French Sociologist Pierre Bourdieu, and the concept of the Productive Models, which was developed by the French Regulation School. It is the aim to give a better understanding of the activities of the different groups of agents within the capitalist enterprise, and to look for the chances and risks of single firms to change their strategy of production. A case study dealing with the two European automobile producers, VW and Renault, tests the combination of both methodological concepts on an empirical level. The question is, whether one specific economic and political context of these activities can be designated as Rhenish Capitalism.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 785-809
Issue: 5
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1379504
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1379504
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christian Marx
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Marx
Author-Name: Morten Reitmayer
Author-X-Name-First: Morten
Author-X-Name-Last: Reitmayer
Title: Introduction: Rhenish capitalism and business history
Abstract: 
 This article examines the emergence and development of the comparative analysis of capitalism and recent debates about Varieties of Capitalism (VoC). We argue that the VoC-approach should pay more attention to change over time, and only claim to put the firm in the centre of analysis. Hence, we propose another, more historical, analytic framework, which is based on the VoC-approach and historical institutionalism, and which fits better to an analysis of Rhenish Capitalism, i.e. the German case, from a business history perspective. Keeping in mind this research agenda, we outline the history of the German economy in the second half of the 20th century.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 745-784
Issue: 5
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1583211
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1583211
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hartmut Berghoff
Author-X-Name-First: Hartmut
Author-X-Name-Last: Berghoff
Title: “Organised irresponsibility”? The Siemens corruption scandal of the 1990s and 2000s
Abstract: 
 Siemens is one of the world’s leading electrical engineering corporations. In 2006, a massive corruption scandal erupted, concluded in 2008 with a record fine. For Siemens the largest risk was being barred from government contracts. As a consequence, it replaced virtually its entire managing board, an unprecedented procedure in the history of the company. This article looks at the background of the scandal. Why did Siemens employees engage in corruption and dubious payments on such a grand scale? What does this case tell us about the compliance revolution that took place in the 2000s?
Journal: Business History
Pages: 423-445
Issue: 3
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1330332
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1330332
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: William J. Hausman
Author-X-Name-First: William J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hausman
Title: Howard Hopson’s billion dollar fraud: The rise and fall of associated gas &amp; electric company, 1921–1940
Abstract: 
 This is a case study of financial fraud. The Associated Gas &amp; Electric Company (AG&amp;E), controlled by Howard C. Hopson, was one of the largest utility holding companies of the ‘Roaring 20s’. Hopson’s AG&amp;E rose spectacularly in the market boom and fell hard following the 1929 crash. Hopson tried unsuccessfully to save the company, while simultaneously enriching himself, using financial transactions that ultimately were determined to be illegal. The major policy reaction to the financial manipulations of the period, for which Hopson became a public symbol, was passage of the Public Utility Holding Company Act, which mandated the ‘death’ of most electric utility holding companies.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 381-398
Issue: 3
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1339690
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1339690
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Taylor
Author-X-Name-First: James
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor
Title: White-collar crime and the law in nineteenth-century Britain
Abstract: 
 Rapid commercial development in Britain by 1800 inspired legislation rendering ‘white-collar’ crimes such as forgery, embezzlement, and obtaining money by false pretences criminally punishable. However, it was unclear how far this legislation applied to the managers and directors of companies, with the result that in practice, they could only be reached by actions in the civil courts. As the corporate economy grew, whether the criminal law should be extended to company managements became a pressing issue. This article explores these debates and examines the complex and tentative process of legal change which, though contested and controversial, resulted by 1900 in the effective criminalisation of a host of ‘white-collar’ offences.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 343-360
Issue: 3
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1339691
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1339691
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:3:p:343-360




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simone M. Müller
Author-X-Name-First: Simone M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Müller
Title: Corporate behaviour and ecological disaster: Dow Chemical and the Great Lakes mercury crisis, 1970–1972
Abstract: 
 The discovery of dangerously high levels of mercury in the Great Lakes from industrial wastewater discharge severely shook the United States and Canada in 1970. Emergency actions covered industrial shutdowns, fishing bans and accelerated monitoring programmes. Charges against local chlor-alkali businesses, such as Dow Chemical, became the first instances of green-collar crime in the context of modern environmentalism in North America. At the same time, the legal, scientific and political management of the crisis foreshadowed the difficulties victims, prosecutors and polluters would face more generally in the field of environmental crime in the future. This contribution on Dow Chemical and the Great Lakes mercury crisis extrapolates the ambiguities inherent to ecological disaster and corporate behaviour, and encourages scholars to situate their analysis within a framework of scientific uncertainties and legal loopholes.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 399-422
Issue: 3
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1346611
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1346611
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:3:p:399-422




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Bernsee
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bernsee
Title: Privatisation and corruption in historical perspective: The case of secularisation in Bavaria and Prussia in the early nineteenth century
Abstract: 
 The article deals with privatisation and the valuation of such processes in Germany around 1800. Therefore, it focuses on a topic that has rarely been studied by historians for any time period, although the phenomenon was widespread in the past. The author argues that secularisation in 1803–1810 can be seen as an important privatisation process, because it included large transfers of former church property into private hands. Furthermore, he shows that a new generation of officials benefited from this process, although they had denounced comparable practices as corruption in the previous decades. They could easily justify such advantageous transfers publicly with their self-perception as an administrative and entrepreneurial elite. However, contemporaries publicly accused their actions and the secularisation itself of being corrupt. The author shows that privatisation was already a publicly discussed issue in the nineteenth century and needed to be justified. A history of privatisation, as the author finally states, allows insights into contemporaneous concepts of markets, state and welfare, and their effect in the respective time period.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 321-342
Issue: 3
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1361932
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1361932
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:3:p:321-342




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Uwe Spiekermann
Author-X-Name-First: Uwe
Author-X-Name-Last: Spiekermann
Title: Cleaning San Francisco, cleaning the United States: The graft prosecutions of 1906–1909 and their nationwide consequences
Abstract: 
 This case study examines public debates on, and investigations of, corrupt city officials and bribe-giving businesspeople in the western metropolis of San Francisco during the era of progressivism. Law enforcement was not only difficult because of the lack of juridical evidence but also because large portions of the local business elites were benefiting from illicit structures. The prosecutions failed, but financier, banker and capitalist Rudolph Spreckels initiated a national anti-graft movement in the early 1910s, which discussed the concept of corporate social and civic responsibility as an alternative to criminal prosecution and an opportunity to harmonise class conflicts.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 361-380
Issue: 3
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1369963
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1369963
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:3:p:361-380




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: William A. Pettigrew
Author-X-Name-First: William A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Pettigrew
Title: The changing place of fraud in seventeenth-century public debates about international trading corporations
Abstract: 
 This article surveys the changing role of fraud (dishonest and immoral commercial practices) in public justifications for corporate management of overseas trade in England across the seventeenth century. It argues that the perceived likelihood of fraud in international commercial settings played a critical role in public justifications for trading corporations at the beginning of the seventeenth century. The article suggests that these justifications were challenged from the 1690s. It explores three aspects of this challenge: first, the ways in which agents of the East India Company convinced the Company to liberate private trade (an activity previously defined as fraudulent by the Company and the Courts); second, the arguments from the 1680s that depicted the joint-stock corporation as an unaccountable, soulless entity whose claim to public trust looked less credible; third, how decades of accumulated experience of international trading contexts (and interactions with non-European merchants) prompted pamphleteers to promote the possibility (and reality) of unregulated trade in those settings. All three helped to erode the former association between private individual trade in international contexts as likely to encourage dishonesty, immorality, and fraud. This change therefore led to the corporate body itself becoming a possible vehicle for fraud rather than the individual international merchant (who the corporation was meant originally to regulate). The article analyses public deliberations about fraud and corporations to make interventions in the history of economic thought, the history of trading companies, and the history of economic crime (and especially its rhetorical role in debates about the regulation of trade).
Journal: Business History
Pages: 305-320
Issue: 3
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1389901
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1389901
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:3:p:305-320




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hartmut Berghoff
Author-X-Name-First: Hartmut
Author-X-Name-Last: Berghoff
Author-Name: Uwe Spiekermann
Author-X-Name-First: Uwe
Author-X-Name-Last: Spiekermann
Title: Shady business: On the history of white-collar crime
Abstract: 
 White-collar crime is a daily topic in the news but by no means a new phenomenon. The article invites readers to explore the historical dimensions of these very specific offences. It discusses how to define white-collar crime and how to analyse it. It names six characteristics of white-collar crime, namely the preponderance of upper and middle-class delinquents, the motivation of financial gain, non-violence, systemic character, the breach of trust, and diffuse victimisation. It also highlights additional aspects for a working definition which can be applied to various and even rapidly changing historical contexts. The history of white-collar crime draws attention to the intersection of business and the law, and to its interaction with innovation, moral discourse and public perception, as well as with the changing nature of state policies during the past two centuries. The article introduces the special issue and discusses methods and approaches suited to analysing ‘shady business’.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 289-304
Issue: 3
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1414735
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1414735
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:3:p:289-304




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Heidi Reed
Author-X-Name-First: Heidi
Author-X-Name-Last: Reed
Title: Corporations as agents of social change: A case study of diversity at Cummins Inc.
Abstract: 
 This case study on the American multinational Cummins Inc. calls into question traditional, normative theories of corporate social responsibility (CSR). Although the dominant literature views CSR as a response to society, Cummins’ promotion of diversity dates back to the 1940s, making their efforts well in advance of society’s expectations. The article shows that Cummins’ management pushed for civil and lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) rights at times when society viewed these actions as being illegitimate and against community values. The study suggests that leaders for diversity at Cummins were able to gain support during these difficult times due to their high level of influence and by connecting the value of diversity to Cummins’ organisational identity.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 821-843
Issue: 6
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1255196
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1255196
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Jupe
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Jupe
Author-Name: Warwick Funnell
Author-X-Name-First: Warwick
Author-X-Name-Last: Funnell
Title: ‘A highly successful model’? The rail franchising business in Britain
Abstract: 
 A crucial feature of rail privatisation in Britain was franchising. Passenger services were franchised in competitive bidding processes to train operators which were meant to function with declining subsidy. The article adopts the framework of social cost-benefit analysis to examine rail privatisation’s impact on three key groups; consumers, producers and the government. It establishes that privatisation did not achieve all the supposed benefits. Further, franchising only appears to be profitable through the use of calculative accounting practices, whereby franchised train operators are portrayed as discrete business entities, whereas they are supported by very substantial, ongoing direct and indirect government subsidies.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 844-876
Issue: 6
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1270268
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1270268
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maki Umemura
Author-X-Name-First: Maki
Author-X-Name-Last: Umemura
Author-Name: Stephanie Slater
Author-X-Name-First: Stephanie
Author-X-Name-Last: Slater
Title: Reaching for global in the Japanese cosmetics industry, 1951 to 2015: the case of Shiseido
Abstract: 
 This article examines the various factors that have shaped the internationalisation of the Japanese cosmetics industry over six decades of economic transformation from 1951 to 2015. Whilst Japanese cosmetics companies have expanded overseas, their focus has largely been in Asia. This article advances a multifactorial explanation that analyses a number of factors that led to regionalisation, including foreign consumers’ perception of Japan, managerial perceptions and strategies toward export markets, as well as the challenges pertaining to cross-border mergers and acquisitions activities by Japanese firms. Using Shiseido as the case example, the article offers a highly-textured account rooted in an understanding of the evolving historical setting, cautions against simple explanations and extends previous discussions concerning the reasons behind the regional orientation of the Japanese cosmetics industry.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 877-903
Issue: 6
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1274735
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1274735
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:6:p:877-903




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Perchard
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Perchard
Author-Name: Niall G. MacKenzie
Author-X-Name-First: Niall G.
Author-X-Name-Last: MacKenzie
Author-Name: Stephanie Decker
Author-X-Name-First: Stephanie
Author-X-Name-Last: Decker
Author-Name: Giovanni Favero
Author-X-Name-First: Giovanni
Author-X-Name-Last: Favero
Title: Clio in the business school: Historical approaches in strategy, international business and entrepreneurship
Abstract: 
 On the back of recent and significant new debates on the use of history within business and management studies, we consider the perception of historians as being anti-theory and of having methodological shortcomings; and business and management scholars displaying insufficient attention to historical context and privileging of certain social science methods over others. These are explored through an examination of three subjects: strategy, international business and entrepreneurship. We propose a framework for advancing the use of history within business and management studies more generally through greater understanding of historical perspectives and methodologies.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 904-927
Issue: 6
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1280025
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1280025
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:6:p:904-927




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sam McKinstry
Author-X-Name-First: Sam
Author-X-Name-Last: McKinstry
Author-Name: Ying Yong Ding
Author-X-Name-First: Ying Yong
Author-X-Name-Last: Ding
Title: Business success and the architectural practice of Sir George Gilbert Scott, c.1845–1878: a study in hard work, sound management and networks of trust
Abstract: 
 The study which follows explores the management of Sir George Gilbert Scott’s architectural practice, which was responsible for the very large output of over 1000 works across the Victorian period. The Scott practice has been seen by some as a predecessor of the modern, large-scale architectural office. Employing insights from Max Weber’s Protestant Ethic (PE), the article examines Scott’s motivation as an architect, the nature of his leadership and the detailed structuring and management of his office and of architectural projects. This is followed by a short case study relating to Scott’s rebuilding of Glasgow University from 1865–1870. Finally, there are some reflections on the article’s implications for further historical studies of businessmen and businesses from different periods through the lens of Weber’s PE.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 928-950
Issue: 6
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1288216
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1288216
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:6:p:928-950




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Danila Raskov
Author-X-Name-First: Danila
Author-X-Name-Last: Raskov
Author-Name: Vadim Kufenko
Author-X-Name-First: Vadim
Author-X-Name-Last: Kufenko
Title: Religious minority in business history: The case of Old Believers
Abstract: 
 The role of the Old Believers (OB) in the development of Russian industry has been noted by many historians; however, empirical research on the topic is scarce. Using official censuses, archive sources, and industrial reports, the role of OB enterprises in the Moscow textile industry for the period 1832–1890 was examined. The analysis highlighted the rise and fall of the participation of OB in the textile industry, contrasting the findings of other researchers, which were often exaggerated. The findings can be explained by social networks and trust which arise from the minority status, whereas the relative decline is related to structural changes and preferences of OB to family-type of business.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 951-974
Issue: 6
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1288217
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1288217
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:6:p:951-974




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: Histoire de l’emballage en France, du  siècle à nos jours
Journal: Business History
Pages: 975-976
Issue: 6
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1129777
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1129777
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:6:p:975-976




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: La doyenne des «Sénégalaises» de Bordeaux: Maurel et H. Prom de 1831 à 1919, tome I. De l’édification à la période africaine; tome II. Maurel &amp; H.Prom en Afrique
Journal: Business History
Pages: 977-979
Issue: 6
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1130252
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1130252
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:6:p:977-979




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: José L. García-Ruiz
Author-X-Name-First: José L.
Author-X-Name-Last: García-Ruiz
Title: El Banco de Barcelona, 1874–1920. Decadencia y quiebra
Journal: Business History
Pages: 979-981
Issue: 6
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1276676
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1276676
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:6:p:979-981




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hans Sjögren
Author-X-Name-First: Hans
Author-X-Name-Last: Sjögren
Title: Family multinationals. Entrepreneurship, governance, and pathways to internationalization
Journal: Business History
Pages: 981-983
Issue: 6
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1306349
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1306349
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:6:p:981-983




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pamela H. Smith
Author-X-Name-First: Pamela H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith
Title: Innovation and creativity in late medieval and early modern European Cities
Journal: Business History
Pages: 983-985
Issue: 6
Volume: 59
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1307166
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1307166
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:59:y:2017:i:6:p:983-985




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ignazio Cabras
Author-X-Name-First: Ignazio
Author-X-Name-Last: Cabras
Author-Name: David M. Higgins
Author-X-Name-First: David M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Higgins
Title: Beer, brewing, and business history
Abstract: 
 This editorial introduces the eight articles in the special issue on ‘Beer, brewing and business history’. Following the BEERONOMICS conference held at the University of York, 2013, and the subsequent approval of the editorial board of Business History, we received many submissions discussing beer, brewing, and their importance to business history (broadly defined). In this editorial we provide a brief overview of the historical development of beer and brewing; explain the appeal to business historians of the principal themes which have emerged in the historiography of this industry, and provide a short introduction to the articles accepted for publication in this special issue.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 609-624
Issue: 5
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1122713
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1122713
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:5:p:609-624




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ignazio Cabras
Author-X-Name-First: Ignazio
Author-X-Name-Last: Cabras
Author-Name: Charles Bamforth
Author-X-Name-First: Charles
Author-X-Name-Last: Bamforth
Title: From reviving tradition to fostering innovation and changing marketing: the evolution of micro-brewing in the UK and US, 1980–2012
Abstract: 
 The purpose of this article is to explore and examine the impressive growth of small and micro-breweries registered in the UK and US from the early 1980s. While the majority of British and American breweries continue to operate in spatially restricted areas and niche markets, a few businesses expanded significantly in terms of production and turnover, gradually acquiring larger shares of the market and competing with multinational producers at home as well as abroad. The cases of BrewDog and Sierra Nevada, used as case study examples in this article, provide an original account on how once-upon-a-time micro-breweries grew into well established companies by pursuing aggressive strategies in terms of marketing and innovation respectively.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 625-646
Issue: 5
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1027692
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1027692
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:5:p:625-646




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julie Bower
Author-X-Name-First: Julie
Author-X-Name-Last: Bower
Title: Vertical and financial ownership: Competition policy and the evolution of the UK pub market
Abstract: 
 Traditionally the UK brewing industry was vertically integrated with brewers owning and controlling pubs. This came to an abrupt end in the forced divestment of a large proportion of the major brewers' pub estates in the 1989 ‘Beer Orders’. The divested pubs spawned the independent pub companies. This study of regulatory policy and financial services interest in the UK brewing industry poses the question of whether the original industrial structure was preferable to what has emerged subsequently. The contribution of the article is in highlighting the risks and rewards of regulatory intervention in deeply-embedded organisation and the sustainability of alternative business models that emerge.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 647-666
Issue: 5
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1041380
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1041380
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:5:p:647-666




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Higgins
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Higgins
Author-Name: Steven Toms
Author-X-Name-First: Steven
Author-X-Name-Last: Toms
Author-Name: Moshfique Uddin
Author-X-Name-First: Moshfique
Author-X-Name-Last: Uddin
Title: Vertical monopoly power, profit and risk: The British beer industry, c.1970–c.2004
Abstract: 
 By investigating surplus and risk distribution in the British brewing industry, this article shows that risk and risk transfer are important dimensions of vertical supply chain relationships. A comparative financial analysis shows the effects of models of vertical ownership before and after the break-up of producer controlled tenanted estates and the strategy and performance of pub-owning companies. Contrasting mechanisms for controlling the capture of surplus and division of risk are evaluated. The article complements prior studies that have concentrated on the brewers by assessing winners and losers amongst pub owning companies and tenants in different models of vertical organisation and how they might be effectively regulated.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 667-693
Issue: 5
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1041381
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1041381
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:5:p:667-693




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Koen Deconinck
Author-X-Name-First: Koen
Author-X-Name-Last: Deconinck
Author-Name: Eline Poelmans
Author-X-Name-First: Eline
Author-X-Name-Last: Poelmans
Author-Name: Johan Swinnen
Author-X-Name-First: Johan
Author-X-Name-Last: Swinnen
Title: How beer created Belgium (and the Netherlands): the contribution of beer taxes to war finance during the Dutch Revolt
Abstract: 
 The present-day border between Belgium and the Netherlands can be traced back to the separation of the Low Countries after the Dutch Revolt (1566–1648) against Spanish rule. The capacity to finance the escalating cost of war determined the outcome of this conflict. As Spain struggled to provide regular pay to its troops, its war efforts were often plagued by mutiny. In contrast, the Dutch Republic managed to raise large sums for its war budgets. As we show in this article, excise taxes on beer consumption were one of the largest income sources in Holland, the leading province of the Dutch Republic. Over the course of the Revolt, Dutch beer taxes brought in the equivalent of 29% of Spanish tax revenues on silver from America. Beer taxes thus played a crucial role in financing the Dutch Revolt which led to the separation of the Low Countries and, eventually, the creation of Belgium.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 694-724
Issue: 5
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1024231
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1024231
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:5:p:694-724




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Graeme G. Acheson
Author-X-Name-First: Graeme G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Acheson
Author-Name: Christopher Coyle
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Coyle
Author-Name: John D. Turner
Author-X-Name-First: John D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Turner
Title: Happy hour followed by hangover: financing the UK brewery industry, 1880–1913
Abstract: 
 In the last 15 years of the nineteenth century c.300 British brewers incorporated and floated securities on the stock market. Subsequently, in the 1900s, the industry suffered a long-lived hangover. In this article, we establish the stylised facts of this transformation and estimate the gains enjoyed by brewery investors during the boom as well as the losses suffered by investors during the bust of the 1900s. However, not all brewery equity shares suffered alike. We find that post-1900 performance correlates positively with capital-market discipline and good corporate governance and negatively with family control, but does not correlate with indebtedness.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 725-751
Issue: 5
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1027693
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1027693
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:5:p:725-751




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ranjit S. Dighe
Author-X-Name-First: Ranjit S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Dighe
Title: A taste for temperance: how American beer got to be so bland
Abstract: 
 This article examines the historical origins of bland American beer. The US was not strongly associated with a particular beer type until German immigrants popularised lager beer. Lager, refreshing and mildly intoxicating, met the demands of America's growing working class. Over time, American lager became lighter and blander. This article emphasises America's uncommonly strong temperance movement, which put the industry on the defensive. Brewers pushed their product as ‘the beverage of moderation,’ and consumers sought out light, relatively non-intoxicating beers. The recent ‘craft beer revolution’ is explained as a backlash aided by a changing consumer culture and improved information technology.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 752-784
Issue: 5
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1027691
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1027691
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:5:p:752-784




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard White
Author-X-Name-First: Richard
Author-X-Name-Last: White
Title: Death and re-birth of Alabama beer
Abstract: 
 The article provides a historical overview of Alabama beer production to the first state-wide prohibition in 1909. I discuss the legislative processes, including the second state-wide prohibition, the US national prohibition and repeal, and Alabama's return to local option rule for alcohol sales. The article describes the legal changes of the 1992 Brewpub Act that created the re-birth of Alabama breweries/brewpubs in the early 1990s and discusses the recent legislative changes and issues that have encouraged entrepreneurs to enter the Alabama marketplace.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 785-795
Issue: 5
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1024230
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1024230
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:5:p:785-795




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kai Lamertz
Author-X-Name-First: Kai
Author-X-Name-Last: Lamertz
Author-Name: William M. Foster
Author-X-Name-First: William M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Foster
Author-Name: Diego M. Coraiola
Author-X-Name-First: Diego M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Coraiola
Author-Name: Jochem Kroezen
Author-X-Name-First: Jochem
Author-X-Name-Last: Kroezen
Title: New identities from remnants of the past: an examination of the history of beer brewing in Ontario and the recent emergence of craft breweries
Abstract: 
 We present an exploratory analysis of historical narratives and data covering 200 years of beer brewing in the Canadian province of Ontario. These data are used to illuminate the process of collective identity emergence in established organisational fields. We argue that established fields are typically littered with identity remnants from ancestral organisations and related institutional configurations that can facilitate the successful emergence of new collective identities. In our analysis we first show how multiple identity elements fell by the wayside as the beer brewing field matured and settled on a corporate path. We go on to detail how some of these identity elements were subsequently recovered during the recent decades which marked the successful emergence and proliferation of craft beer brewing. Our study has implications for research on collective identity and organisational legacy, and we stress the importance of taking a historical lens for understanding present day phenomena.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 796-828
Issue: 5
Volume: 58
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2015.1065819
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2015.1065819
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:58:y:2016:i:5:p:796-828




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juha-Antti Lamberg
Author-X-Name-First: Juha-Antti
Author-X-Name-Last: Lamberg
Author-Name: Jari Ojala
Author-X-Name-First: Jari
Author-X-Name-Last: Ojala
Author-Name: Mirva Peltoniemi
Author-X-Name-First: Mirva
Author-X-Name-Last: Peltoniemi
Title: Thinking about industry decline: A qualitative meta-analysis and future research directions
Abstract: 
 We analyze historical and longitudinal research focusing on industry decline. Our analysis suggests that the literature’s general reliance on a few meta-theoretical arguments has important consequences for how decline is framed and explained. We identify four meta-theoretical clusters in the literature: politics and market dynamics are seen as exogenous factors with deterministic features, whereas technology and management capabilities are framed as firm-internal failures with causally questionable explanations of how firm-level characteristics explain industry-level decline. We propose that it is important to understand the limitations of distinct meta-theoretical arguments for an enhanced theoretical and methodological understanding of what industry decline is, how it takes place, and why. Accordingly, this study contributes to business history research by restructuring and clarifying latent theoretical issues, demonstrating the pros and cons of researchers’ choices, and offering guidelines and propositions for researchers interested in industry decline.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 127-156
Issue: 2
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1340943
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1340943
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:2:p:127-156




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laura Panza
Author-X-Name-First: Laura
Author-X-Name-Last: Panza
Author-Name: Simon Ville
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Ville
Author-Name: David Merrett
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Merrett
Title: The drivers of firm longevity: Age, size, profitability and survivorship of Australian corporations, 1901–1930
Abstract: 
 Why do some firms last longer than others? This question has attracted considerable interest among scholars from business history, management and economics. Our article combines the business historian’s macro view of the relationship between size, longevity, and economic development with quantitative modelling. We apply survival analysis to data relating to size, age and profitability, three first-order explanations of longevity, for Australian stock exchange (ASX) listed corporations from 1901 to 1930. The novelty of the article is twofold: we find that firm size is a poor predictor of longevity for the full sample but its age and profitability are highly significant; our data covers a longer time frame and relates to a rich mid-sized and non-industrialised country.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 157-177
Issue: 2
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1293041
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1293041
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:2:p:157-177




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kamal R. Sharma
Author-X-Name-First: Kamal R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sharma
Author-Name: Mukund R. Dixit
Author-X-Name-First: Mukund R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Dixit
Title: Longevity challenges and leadership interventions: Strategy journeys of two Indian banks
Abstract: 
 This article studies the strategic journeys of two Indian banks in evolving socio-political and economic environments, spread across eight decades. It provides a holistic view of longevity challenges by exploring interdependencies between a firm’s internal dynamics, external environment, and its leaders. This article covers the growth of Canara Bank and Syndicate Bank in distinct phases of unrestricted, regulated, and centrally planned economic environment, and in changing socio-political scenarios. It uses within-case and across-case analysis, contextualised in these conditions, to provide rich insights about measures adopted by firms for their long-term survival and sustenance.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 178-201
Issue: 2
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1363735
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1363735
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:2:p:178-201




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alexander Claver
Author-X-Name-First: Alexander
Author-X-Name-Last: Claver
Author-Name: G. Roger Knight
Author-X-Name-First: G. Roger
Author-X-Name-Last: Knight
Title: A European role in intra-Asian commercial development: The Maclaine Watson network and the Java sugar trade c.1840–1942
Abstract: 
 This article concerns the Batavia (Jakarta)-based mercantile firm of Maclaine Watson (1827–1964) and its close commercial associates in the Netherlands Indies (modern-day Indonesia) and nearby Singapore. From its inception, the firm initially operated in the context of bilateral trade with Europe, in conjunction with its burgeoning role in the Netherlands Indies’ sugar export trade. By the century’s end, however, shifts in the direction of that trade meant that its prime commercial ventures were directed towards markets elsewhere in Asia. The significance of the firm’s involvement within intra-Asian trade and the region’s economic development forms the core of the article’s argument.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 202-230
Issue: 2
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1295955
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1295955
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:2:p:202-230




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shima Amini
Author-X-Name-First: Shima
Author-X-Name-Last: Amini
Author-Name: Steven Toms
Author-X-Name-First: Steven
Author-X-Name-Last: Toms
Title: Accessing capital markets: Aristocrats and new share issues in the British bicycle boom of the 1890s
Abstract: 
 The article reconsiders the mid-1890s boom in which a large number of firms in the bicycle, pneumatic tyre and related industries were floated. It investigates why so many of these issues featured aristocratic directors in their prospectuses and finds that they represented social connections that were a necessary condition for regional industrial firms to gain a London listing. The case shows that the role and value of these directors was to access capital markets and financial resources, as opposed to a temporary aberration designed to inflate share prices and mislead investors.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 231-256
Issue: 2
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1310196
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1310196
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:2:p:231-256




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Lagneau-Ymonet
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Lagneau-Ymonet
Author-Name: Angelo Riva
Author-X-Name-First: Angelo
Author-X-Name-Last: Riva
Title: Trading forward: The Paris Bourse in the nineteenth century
Abstract: 
 Contrary to what law and finance theory would predict, the Paris Bourse was highly liquid at the turn of the twentieth century: the traded volumes amounted to four times the French GDP. This magnitude was mainly due to forward trading. The Bourse had developed as a forward market, despite a ban on forward transactions. The guild-like body running the Bourse played a key role in legitimizing and legalizing these operations, previously equated with gambling. The 1885 legalizing act initiated a new field of law (‘securities law’) and paved the way for the heyday of the Paris Bourse.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 257-280
Issue: 2
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1316487
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1316487
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:2:p:257-280




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: Jean Monnet, banquier, 1914–1945. Intérêts privés et intérêt général
Journal: Business History
Pages: 281-282
Issue: 2
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1156220
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1156220
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:2:p:281-282




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emanuela Scarpellini
Author-X-Name-First: Emanuela
Author-X-Name-Last: Scarpellini
Title: On the origins of self-service
Journal: Business History
Pages: 282-283
Issue: 2
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1334347
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1334347
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:2:p:282-283




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mária Hidvégi
Author-X-Name-First: Mária
Author-X-Name-Last: Hidvégi
Title: Regulating competition. Cartel registers in the twentieth-century world
Journal: Business History
Pages: 283-286
Issue: 2
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1338870
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1338870
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:2:p:283-286




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlo Brambilla
Author-X-Name-First: Carlo
Author-X-Name-Last: Brambilla
Title: Les banques et les mutations des entreprises. Le cas de Lille-Roubaix-Tourcoing aux XIXe et XXe siècles
Journal: Business History
Pages: 286-288
Issue: 2
Volume: 60
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1339960
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1339960
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:60:y:2018:i:2:p:286-288




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: Les Européens dans les ports en situation coloniale, xixe-xxe siècles: Espaces portuaires. L’Europe du Nord à l’interface des économies et des cultures, xixe-xxe siècles: Gouverner les ports de commerce à l’heure libérale. Regards sur les pays d’Europe du Sud
Journal: Business History
Pages: 734-736
Issue: 4
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1191840
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1191840
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lise Arena
Author-X-Name-First: Lise
Author-X-Name-Last: Arena
Author-Name: Leonard Minkes
Author-X-Name-First: Leonard
Author-X-Name-Last: Minkes
Title: The virtues of dialogue between academics and businessmen
Abstract: 
 This article aims to understand the process of production of knowledge in the field of business organisation and in problems of administration. It argues that the acquisition of this type of knowledge is greatly assisted by the developments of dialogue between academics and industrialists. It looks at a method which has been applied in England during the period late 1940s to early 1970s in three academic seminars: the Seminar in Problems of Administration at the LSE (1947–1972); the Industrial Seminar at Birmingham University (late 1950s‒1972); and the BPhil Seminar in Economics of Industry at the University of Oxford (1957–1974). By the mid-1970s, these three seminars had ceased to exist and left room for the rapid development of management studies, on the one hand, and the formalisation of industrial economics (game theory), on the other.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 581-602
Issue: 4
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1382473
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1382473
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:4:p:581-602




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrea Lluch
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea
Author-X-Name-Last: Lluch
Author-Name: Alberto Rinaldi
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Rinaldi
Author-Name: Erica Salvaj
Author-X-Name-First: Erica
Author-X-Name-Last: Salvaj
Author-Name: Michelangelo Vasta
Author-X-Name-First: Michelangelo
Author-X-Name-Last: Vasta
Title: Directors and syndics in corporate networks: Argentina and Italy compared (1913–1990)
Abstract: 
 This article analyses the evolution of corporate networks in Argentina and Italy from 1913 to 1990, using an interlocking directorates technique applied to six benchmark years and the largest 25 banks and 100 non-financial companies in both countries. The descriptive statistics of the companies and directors in the sample provide input for a network connectivity analysis of the two systems, integrated with historical and structural analyses. Furthermore, this article provides the first assessment of syndics – special auditors for firms – to the network analyses. Relying on a recently established analytical framework, the authors show that the Argentine and Italian corporate networks exhibit different structures and evolutions over time. This research broadens the extant analytical framework by exploring how syndics contribute to corporate networks and how the interaction of macro, meso, and micro levels affects the evolution of syndicatures in the two countries. Finally, the detailed taxonomy of syndics offers evidence of companies’ selection strategies and the historical uses of syndicature as a governance mechanism.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 603-628
Issue: 4
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1382474
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1382474
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:4:p:603-628




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: José Galindo
Author-X-Name-First: José
Author-X-Name-Last: Galindo
Title: A French migrant business network in the period of export-led growth (ELG) in Mexico: The case of the Barcelonnettes
Abstract: 
 After independence, Mexico became the destination for a current of migration from Barcelonnette, France. This migration increased between 1870 and 1930. The combination of several conditions, strategies, and characteristics of these businessmen’s social networks allowed a significant proportion to become wealthy. This paper uses the example of the Barcelonnettes to show that the development of manufacturing industry in Mexico was not directly dependent on the need for foreign currency generated by exports in this period; however these manufacturers benefited from the growth of the domestic market, which was the result of increase of exports of primary goods.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 629-658
Issue: 4
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1394666
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1394666
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:4:p:629-658




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adrian R. Bailey
Author-X-Name-First: Adrian R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bailey
Author-Name: Andrew Alexander
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Alexander
Title: Cadbury and the rise of the supermarket: innovation in marketing 1953–1975
Abstract: 
 This article uses company archival data, supported by evidence from the trade press, to examine the development of the manufacturer–retailer relationship in the case of Cadbury and the supermarket retailers distributing its products in the period 1953–1975. It reveals the influence upon Cadbury’s marketing strategies and practices of the increasing importance of supermarket retailing in relation to the confectionery as well as the grocery goods trades. It also provides new insight into the significance of these changes for Cadbury’s relationships with other manufacturers, and with small-scale retailers typified by confectioners, tobacconists and newsagents.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 659-680
Issue: 4
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1400012
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1400012
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:4:p:659-680




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Gogl
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Gogl
Title: Geschichte und Gewinn. Der Umgang deutscher Konzerne mit ihrer NS-Vergangenheit
Journal: Business History
Pages: 737-738
Issue: 4
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1403082
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1403082
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:4:p:737-738




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Damian Tobin
Author-X-Name-First: Damian
Author-X-Name-Last: Tobin
Title: Technical self-sufficiency, pricing independence: a Penrosean perspective on China’s emergence as a major oil refiner since the 1960s
Abstract: 
 International embargos and the withdrawal of Soviet technical expertise had by the early 1960s effectively engrained China’s approach to energy and technical self-sufficiency. Chinese officials cited reasons similar to those advanced by Edith Penrose in her critique of the international oil companies’ (IOC’s) investments. Drawing on Penrose’s approach, this article shows that although self-sufficiency led to significant progress in primary capacity, self-sufficiency had to be reconciled with increasing demand for more complex petrochemicals. Modernisation increased China’s reliance on the IOC’s technology and reduced pricing independence, confirming a historical regularity in the market imperfections underpinning the power of the IOCs.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 681-702
Issue: 4
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1413095
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1413095
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:4:p:681-702




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Md Aslam Mia
Author-X-Name-First: Md Aslam
Author-X-Name-Last: Mia
Author-Name: Hwok-Aun Lee
Author-X-Name-First: Hwok-Aun
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee
Author-Name: VGR Chandran
Author-X-Name-First: VGR
Author-X-Name-Last: Chandran
Author-Name: Rajah Rasiah
Author-X-Name-First: Rajah
Author-X-Name-Last: Rasiah
Author-Name: Mahfuzur Rahman
Author-X-Name-First: Mahfuzur
Author-X-Name-Last: Rahman
Title: History of microfinance in Bangladesh: A life cycle theory approach
Abstract: 
 This study aims to conceptualise and document the historical evolution of microfinance in Bangladesh using the life cycle theory (LCT). Based on the LCT nomenclature, the microfinance sector in Bangladesh shows characteristics broadly consistent with the saturation phase (2006–2015) – which potentially has adverse impacts on both microfinance clients and institutions. The maturity phase (1996–2005) of microfinance has corresponded with competition and several innovations (financial and non-financial). However, the saturation phase sees increasing presence of uncoordinated microfinance institutions and expansion of multiple borrowing, as well as commercialisation and ‘mission drift’, which constitute important challenges for the regulatory authority and management of microfinance institutions.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 703-733
Issue: 4
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1413096
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1413096
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:4:p:703-733




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jason Russell
Author-X-Name-First: Jason
Author-X-Name-Last: Russell
Title: The Golden Passport: Harvard Business School, the Limits of Capitalism, and the Moral Failure of the MBA Elite
Journal: Business History
Pages: 739-740
Issue: 4
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1426531
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1426531
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:4:p:739-740




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alan Tomlinson
Author-X-Name-First: Alan
Author-X-Name-Last: Tomlinson
Title: Foundations of managing sporting events: organising the 1966 FIFA World Cup
Journal: Business History
Pages: 741-742
Issue: 4
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1429087
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1429087
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:4:p:741-742




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Valeria Zanier
Author-X-Name-First: Valeria
Author-X-Name-Last: Zanier
Title: Trade and technology networks in the Chinese textile industry. Opening up before the reforms
Journal: Business History
Pages: 743-744
Issue: 4
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1430106
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1430106
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:4:p:743-744




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Karen Tranberg Hansen
Author-X-Name-First: Karen Tranberg
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen
Author-Name: Jennifer Le Zotte
Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer
Author-X-Name-Last: Le Zotte
Title: Changing Secondhand Economies
Abstract: 
 Research interest in secondhand economies has expanded in recent years among scholars of diverse disciplines, especially anthropology, history, geography, and sociology. The introduction to this Special Issue discusses a number of interdisciplinary and regional perspectives on the topic. After an overview of scholarship relating to secondhand economies, historical and contemporary, we introduce a number of themes that have attracted particular attention, including the growth and expansion of secondhand exchange, the emergence and specialization of diverse secondhand venues, the material objects involved, influences on these modes of exchanges, and the cultural significance of secondhand things and the professions connected with them. Finally, we turn to the articles included in this Special Issue, identifying some of the major issues to which they speak.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1-16
Issue: 1
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1543041
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1543041
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:1:p:1-16




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jon Stobart
Author-X-Name-First: Jon
Author-X-Name-Last: Stobart
Title: Domestic textiles and country house sales in Georgian England
Abstract: 
 Textiles are central to our understanding of the second-hand trade in Georgian England, but the focus is generally on clothing; much less attention has been given to domestic textiles in the form of linen, beds and drapery. This article draws on auction catalogues from Northamptonshire, 1761&#x2013;1836, to identify the changing quantity and nature of textiles being sold, the ways in which they were promoted and valorised, and what this might tell us about consumers&#x2019; motivations. It highlights how the continued appeal of second-hand textiles was framed in a rhetoric of gentility and respectability, and reveals the country house auction as a key institution in the recirculation of second-hand goods.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 17-37
Issue: 1
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1368493
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1368493
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:1:p:17-37




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wendy A. Woloson
Author-X-Name-First: Wendy A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Woloson
Title: &#x2018;Fence-ing lessons&#x2019;: child junkers and the commodification of scrap in the long nineteenth century
Abstract: 
 This article considers the circulation of junk in nineteenth-century American markets, concentrating on its various stages of commodification &#x2013; and the people responsible for that commodification &#x2013; as scrap was transformed from worthless garbage found on the streets into lucrative materials suitable for industrial use. The study adds to historians&#x2019; understanding of the emergence of capitalism, whose formation happened as much from the bottom up as the top down. The often-overlooked populations who engaged in petty and often illegal entrepreneurship, including the children discussed here, had a very real impact on the emerging economy. Looking at scrap more clearly elucidates the processes of commodification and the logic of capitalism at work &#x2013; the transformation of miscellaneous, valueless goods into aggregated abstractions with significant economic worth.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 38-72
Issue: 1
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1294161
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1294161
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:1:p:38-72




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laura Katarina Ekholm
Author-X-Name-First: Laura Katarina
Author-X-Name-Last: Ekholm
Title: Jews, second-hand trade and upward economic mobility: Introducing the ready-to-wear business in industrializing Helsinki, 1880&#x2013;1930
Abstract: 
 This article examines the history of a &#x2018;Jewish&#x2019; second-hand marketplace in Helsinki (1880&#x2013;1930). This was a niche left for the Jews, who were not awarded civil rights in Finland before 1917. In utilizing a wide range of heterogeneous source material, I argue that the second-hand dealers introduced ready-made clothing to local consumer markets. The restrictions placed upon Jews provide a glimpse into the social status towards such products and trades. The article also highlights the tendency to deliberately undermine entrepreneurial success among Helsinki Jews in order to fit into the narrow social space that was historically designated to them.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 73-92
Issue: 1
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1546694
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1546694
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:1:p:73-92




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Z. S. Pollack
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan Z. S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Pollack
Title: Shylocks to superheroes: Jewish scrap dealers in Anglo-American popular culture
Abstract: 
 For centuries, Jewish entrepreneurs have worked in the second-hand goods economy. Closely allied with pawnbroking, dealing in second-hand goods made it possible for Jews, often forbidden from owning land or joining craft guilds and unions, to earn a living in much of Europe. As Jews left eastern and central Europe for England, the British Commonwealth, and the United States, they took their knowledge of second-hand goods with them and built on established peddlers&#x2019; networks to create businesses that dealt in scrap materials like metals, paper, rags, and hides. From that foundation, Jewish scrap dealers came to deal in military surplus, used and new furniture, and auto parts. Although underappreciated and obscured in the present day, in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the figures of Jews who dealt in second-hand goods loomed large enough to appear in popular culture in literature, on stage, and on screen, both films and television. Even comic books &#x2013; a literary genre shaped by Jewish entrepreneurs and artists &#x2013; got into the scrap.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 93-105
Issue: 1
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1413094
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1413094
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:1:p:93-105




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miki Sugiura
Author-X-Name-First: Miki
Author-X-Name-Last: Sugiura
Title: The mass consumption of refashioned clothes: Re-dyed kimono in post war Japan
Abstract: 
 Among the strategies of post-consumer textile waste management, refashioning or the makeover of used clothes, is gaining attention as value added recycling. However, refashioning business is considered as being possible only on a small scale. This article presents a case of its mass scale operation and clarifies the factors that enabled it. From the 1920s to the 1960s, re-dyeing played an indispensable role in Kyoto maintaining its central position in dyed kimono production. This study clarifies how the coordinators of re-dyeing and makeover, the shikkai, established a MTO (make to order) network, forming direct and recurrent ties with customers nationwide.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 106-121
Issue: 1
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1494730
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1494730
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:1:p:106-121




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jennifer Ayres
Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer
Author-X-Name-Last: Ayres
Title: The work of shopping: Resellers and the informal economy at the goodwill bins
Abstract: 
 In this article, I examine the material and everyday practices of a community of thrift-shoppers at the Goodwill Bins. Their practices reveal that shopping in these cutthroat environments is anything but leisurely. By attending to how these spaces are utilised as resources for independent ventures in the informal economy, I show how the occupation of reselling blurs the lines between consumption and production, and shopping and work. I argue that the thrift store can be viewed as a microcosm of the broader shifts occurring in the economy and the latest capitalist reorganisation of work into non-standard and precarious forms.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 122-154
Issue: 1
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1369962
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1369962
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:1:p:122-154




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Frederik Larsen
Author-X-Name-First: Frederik
Author-X-Name-Last: Larsen
Title: Valuation in action: Ethnography of an American thrift store
Abstract: 
 This article documents the workings of a contemporary second-hand thrift store in California. The ethnographic notes collected during six-months fieldwork and subsequent returns present accounts of the practices, values and people involved in turning the remainders of consumption into cultural commodities, and the interwoven relations between object and people. The process of transformation is best understood in a nexus between gift and market exchange as an act of categorisation. Revisiting Mary Douglas&#x2019; statement on dirt as matter of classification, the article shows how value is momentarily fixed in the objects to allow them to re-enter second-hand economies, and how categorisation is an attempt to manage the reality of disorder.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 155-171
Issue: 1
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1418330
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1418330
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:1:p:155-171




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Staffan Appelgren
Author-X-Name-First: Staffan
Author-X-Name-Last: Appelgren
Title: History as business: Changing dynamics of retailing in Gothenburg&#x2019;s second-hand market
Abstract: 
 This article traces developments in the second-hand market over the last 15 years in Gothenburg, Sweden. Outlining how the second-hand market is characterised by rapid shifts in ownership, location and type of business, it explores how retailers perceive and negotiate these shifting forces. With an analytical focus on people and things in motion, it aims to increase our understanding of the factors and forces involved in such movement and transience. The article shows how retailers develop an adaptive apparatus for navigating the second-hand market and that market growth translates into motion and flux rather than stability.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 172-186
Issue: 1
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1447563
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1447563
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:1:p:172-186




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Abel Ezeoha
Author-X-Name-First: Abel
Author-X-Name-Last: Ezeoha
Author-Name: Chinwe Okoyeuzu
Author-X-Name-First: Chinwe
Author-X-Name-Last: Okoyeuzu
Author-Name: Emmanuel Onah
Author-X-Name-First: Emmanuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Onah
Author-Name: Chibuike Uche
Author-X-Name-First: Chibuike
Author-X-Name-Last: Uche
Title: Second-hand vehicle markets in West Africa: A source of regional disintegration, trade informality and welfare losses
Abstract: 
 This article critiques the second-hand vehicle markets in the West African region, focusing on the triad trading arrangements among Nigeria, Benin, Togo, and Niger. These countries are connected by a number of underlying conflicting interests in the second-hand vehicles trade. Benin and Togo are incentivised by the revenues derived from re-export trade and port operations. Niger provides a proxy market for the illegal re-export of these vehicles to Nigeria, with the latter suffering huge welfare losses as a major consuming nation. We conclude that by offering conflicting benefits to the West African countries, the second-hand vehicle market provides disincentives against true regional integration.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 187-204
Issue: 1
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1459087
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1459087
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:1:p:187-204




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lucy Norris
Author-X-Name-First: Lucy
Author-X-Name-Last: Norris
Title: Urban prototypes: Growing local circular cloth economies
Abstract: 
 Circular economy (CE) models are driving the next restructuring of global textile production and secondary markets, but their socio-political configurations are largely untested. New textile recycling technologies have the potential to redirect material resource flows, disrupt global secondary markets and reconfigure the waste hierarchy. Mainstream CE modelling tends to include people simply as product users in a system of material flows governed by large brands. However, anthropological research into collaborations of small-scale urban designer-producers show how they are using CE principles to prototype new regional cloth economies that aim to reproduce the types of societies they wish to live in.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 205-224
Issue: 1
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1389902
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1389902
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:1:p:205-224




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Corrigendum
Journal: Business History
Pages: I-I
Issue: 1
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1481912
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1481912
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:1:p:I-I




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rafael Castro
Author-X-Name-First: Rafael
Author-X-Name-Last: Castro
Author-Name: Patricio Sáiz
Author-X-Name-First: Patricio
Author-X-Name-Last: Sáiz
Title: Cross-cultural factors in international branding
Abstract: 
 This is the second special issue resulting from the symposium titled ‘The Brand and Its History’. This issue aims at deepening the knowledge of the historical and cultural roots of the origin, uses, and meanings of modern branding. This editorial summarises previous contributions from economic, marketing, and historical literature; presents the main findings of the seven articles included in this issue; and reflects on possible further research.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1-25
Issue: 1
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1592157
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1592157
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:1:p:1-25




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pierre-Yves Donzé
Author-X-Name-First: Pierre-Yves
Author-X-Name-Last: Donzé
Title: The transformation of global luxury brands: The case of the Swiss watch company Longines, 1880–2010
Abstract: 
 This article discusses the transformation of global brands between the 1880s and the early twenty-first century, through the example of the Swiss watch company Longines. It shows that the concept of ‘global brand’ changed over time and was related to the nature of the product. Until the 1970s, luxury was linked to precision. Manufacturers focused on the production of movements and adapted the design of end products to each market. Yet the paradigm shift brought about by electronics led to a new definition of luxury during the 1990s, a change which led to a new generation of global brands.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 26-41
Issue: 1
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1291632
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1291632
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:1:p:26-41




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elisabetta Merlo
Author-X-Name-First: Elisabetta
Author-X-Name-Last: Merlo
Author-Name: Mario Perugini
Author-X-Name-First: Mario
Author-X-Name-Last: Perugini
Title: Making Italian fashion global: Brand building and management at Gruppo Finanziario Tessile (1950s‒1990s)
Abstract: 
 This paper deals with the role of brands in the emergence of the Italian fashion business. Starting from the mid-1950s, the main Italian clothing manufacturer Gruppo Finanziario Tessile (GFT) managed brands to build a domestic market for mass-produced clothing. In the 1970s increasing competition and changing consumption patterns pushed GFT towards partnerships with leading fashion designers for building new brands and entering international markets. The emergence of strong designers’ brands determined major organisational challenges that resulted in opposite outcomes: the demise of GFT, which failed in its attempt to control the entire value chain, and designers’ achievement of an international standing in the fashion industry thanks to improved brand management capabilities.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 42-69
Issue: 1
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1329299
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1329299
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:1:p:42-69




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Felicity Barnes
Author-X-Name-First: Felicity
Author-X-Name-Last: Barnes
Author-Name: David M. Higgins
Author-X-Name-First: David M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Higgins
Title: Brand image, cultural association and marketing: ‘New Zealand’ butter and lamb exports to Britain, c. 1920–1938
Abstract: 
 This article examines the branding and marketing strategies of New Zealand Producers Boards which were established in the early 1920s to coordinate the export of butter and lamb to Britain. The brand ‘New Zealand’ featured prominently in the promotion of lamb exports to Britain, whereas much more emphasis was placed on the ‘Anchor’ brand for butter. Because the ‘Mother Country’ was by far the biggest single export market for New Zealand butter and lamb, the branding and marketing activities of the Boards emphasised the strong cultural affinity that existed between Britain and New Zealand. Drawing on the relevant branding and marketing literature, the Boards’ annual reports, and reports by the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, we show that ‘New Zealand’ and ‘Anchor’ conveyed the fundamental message of a shared British identity.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 70-97
Issue: 1
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1344223
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1344223
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:1:p:70-97




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ramon Ramon-Muñoz
Author-X-Name-First: Ramon
Author-X-Name-Last: Ramon-Muñoz
Title: The expansion of branding in international marketing: The case of olive oil, 1870s–1930s
Abstract: 
 Drawing on a variety of sources, this article investigates the emergence and expansion of branding in the international olive oil markets prior to World War II. It documents the rapid growth of the world trade in packaged olive oil from the 1870s onwards and shows that the main destinations of this consumer-ready product were in the Americas. In this respect, it complements previous findings based on the use of trademark registration figures. The article then argues that the expansion of canned and branded olive oil exports to the New World was the result of three interconnected factors: the mass migration of southern Europeans in the late nineteenth century and the formation of a new market on the other side of the Atlantic; significant transformations in the commodity chain of the product in the Americas during the first third of the twentieth century; and the problems of quality uncertainty and fraud in the emerging New World markets for olive oil. By analysing these factors, this study also provides evidence to further the debate on the purpose of branding and modern marketing.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 98-122
Issue: 1
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1344224
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1344224
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:1:p:98-122




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew J. Bellamy
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bellamy
Title: The making of Labatt ‘Blue’: The quest for a national lager brand, 1959–1971
Abstract: 
 This article examines the creation of a national beer brand in Canada. It analyses the challenges faced by the marketing managers at John Labatt Limited ‒ one of Canada’s oldest and most successful brewers ‒ in solving the ‘national lager problem’ (i.e. the inability of Labatt’s ‘Pilsener’ to capture a significant share of the Canadian market). It examines how executives use marketing knowledge to recreate brand identities. It argues that the rebranding of ‘Pilsener’ as ‘Blue’ was successful because Labatt’s managers fashioned a new brand identity that downplayed the ‘ethnic’ heritage of the brand by appealing to a new ‘Canadian’ cosmopolitan modernity.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 123-150
Issue: 1
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1310195
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1310195
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:1:p:123-150




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Valeria Pinchera
Author-X-Name-First: Valeria
Author-X-Name-Last: Pinchera
Author-Name: Diego Rinallo
Author-X-Name-First: Diego
Author-X-Name-Last: Rinallo
Title: The emergence of Italy as a fashion country: Nation branding and collective meaning creation at Florence’s fashion shows (1951–1965)
Abstract: 
 We analyse the emergence of Italy as a fashion country with a reconstruction of the history and impact of the collective fashion shows that Giovanni Battista Giorgini organised in Florence in 1951–1965. Our cultural analysis highlights the role events play in the mobilisation of local actors and the creation of nation brands, which we conceive as ongoing narrations built on a country’s material and symbolic resources that differentiate its image in valuable ways for export markets. Despite their decline, the Florentine shows created an intangible asset that facilitated the ascent of Milan as Italy’s fashion capital in the 1970s.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 151-178
Issue: 1
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1332593
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1332593
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:1:p:151-178




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Brigita Tranavičiūtė
Author-X-Name-First: Brigita
Author-X-Name-Last: Tranavičiūtė
Title: Dreaming of the West: The power of the brand in Soviet Lithuania, 1960s–1980s
Abstract: 
 The article reveals the interest in foreign trademarks observed in Lithuanian society from the 1960s through the 1980s, when the demand for brand names spread after Western culture reached the Soviet Union. The consumption of Western cultural products, or imitations thereof, became one of the key symbolic expressions of freedom in Soviet society. In Lithuania, the most popular clothes were those bearing fake trademarks, even though Soviet authorities attempted to prevent the desire for and the wearing of these garments through the use of ideological tools.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 179-195
Issue: 1
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1379505
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1379505
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:1:p:179-195




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hugo van Driel
Author-X-Name-First: Hugo
Author-X-Name-Last: van Driel
Title: Financial fraud, scandals, and regulation: A conceptual framework and literature review
Abstract: 
 This perspectives article surveys publications in business history and constructs a conceptual framework for researching fraud and other dubious financial practices, their determinants and their consequences. The prevalence and nature of the practices studied are mainly determined by individual traits, firm governance and control, the economic environment, and regulation. Contemporaries make sense of dubious practices by constructing narratives, possibly framing them as scandals, which are likely to lead to attempts at regulatory change. It is primarily the socio-economic impact of dubious practices that determines whether regulation becomes fundamentally stricter. Existing agendas for reform strongly influence the substance of regulatory responses.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1259-1299
Issue: 8
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1519026
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1519026
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:8:p:1259-1299




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laura Panza
Author-X-Name-First: Laura
Author-X-Name-Last: Panza
Author-Name: David Merrett
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Merrett
Title: Hidden in plain sight: Correspondent banking in the 1930s
Abstract: 
 We present novel quantitative evidence on the number and location of correspondent banking relationships in the 1930s, a neglected area of international banking. Our data, collected from Thomas Skinners’ Bankers’ Almanac, captures over 2000 correspondent banking connections primarily based on London and New York and a smaller cohort of multinational banks. We draw on the new institutional economics and international business literature to explain the relative ubiquity of correspondent banking and the relative scarcity of multinational banks. Our argument that bilateral trade flows drive correspondent banking is tested empirically using an instrumental Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood estimation.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1300-1325
Issue: 8
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1418858
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1418858
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:8:p:1300-1325




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thomas J. Kehoe
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kehoe
Author-Name: Elizabeth M. Greenhalgh
Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Greenhalgh
Title: ‘An indispensable luxury’: British American Tobacco in the occupation of Germany, 1945–1948
Abstract: 
 World War II devastated the international markets for British American Tobacco (BAT). This article uses new archival documents to show how BAT successfully navigated political and social obstacles in military-occupied Germany (1945–1948) to become the leading non-German tobacco concern in West Germany. It reveals BAT’s lobbying strategy used a ‘revolving door’ with the British and American occupation administrations and a targeted message that aligned with changing military priorities. This coordinated approach allowed BAT to overcome military resistance to big business, oppose high tobacco taxes, and push for greater foreign tobacco imports. It ultimately helped the company lay foundations for expansion.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1326-1351
Issue: 8
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1425391
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1425391
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:8:p:1326-1351




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lars-Fredrik Andersson
Author-X-Name-First: Lars-Fredrik
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersson
Author-Name: Liselotte Eriksson
Author-X-Name-First: Liselotte
Author-X-Name-Last: Eriksson
Title: Exclusion of women and organisational characteristics: Swedish mutual health insurance 1901–1910
Abstract: 
 Mutual societies have been recognised for their ability to mitigate information asymmetry. Although successful in reducing sickness claims, the exclusion of women was common. Health insurance societies argued the exclusion was a means to reduce adverse selection and moral hazard since women were regarded as higher risk. In this paper, we explore differences in organisational characteristics between societies that excluded and societies that did not exclude women as members between 1901 to 1910. Based on panel data, the study shows that societies that excluded women were less successful in keeping down sickness claims, in relation to benefits, than gender-mixed societies.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1352-1378
Issue: 8
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1426747
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1426747
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:8:p:1352-1378




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: Intérêts économiques français et décolonisation de l’Afrique du Nord (1945–1962)
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1379-1381
Issue: 8
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1218155
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1218155
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:8:p:1379-1381




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael J. Douma
Author-X-Name-First: Michael J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Douma
Title: The Formative Period of American Capitalism: A materialist interpretation
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1382-1383
Issue: 8
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1439507
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1439507
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:8:p:1382-1383




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthias Kemmerer
Author-X-Name-First: Matthias
Author-X-Name-Last: Kemmerer
Title: West German industrialists and the making of the economic miracle. A history of mentality and recovery
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1384-1385
Issue: 8
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1460950
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1460950
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:8:p:1384-1385




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Smith
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith
Title: Money changes everything: how finance made civilisation possible
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1386-1387
Issue: 8
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1461308
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1461308
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:8:p:1386-1387




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sashi Sivramkrishna
Author-X-Name-First: Sashi
Author-X-Name-Last: Sivramkrishna
Title: Win-win corporations: the Indian way of shaping successful strategies
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1388-1389
Issue: 8
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1461309
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1461309
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:8:p:1388-1389




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alberto Rinaldi
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Rinaldi
Title: Ladies of the ticker. Women and Wall Street from the gilded age to the great depression
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1390-1391
Issue: 8
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1474599
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1474599
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:8:p:1390-1391




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julien del Marmol
Author-X-Name-First: Julien
Author-X-Name-Last: del Marmol
Title: The history of the beer and brewing industry: Brewing, beer and pubs. A global perspective
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1392-1393
Issue: 8
Volume: 61
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1474600
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1474600
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:61:y:2019:i:8:p:1392-1393




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kristin Ranestad
Author-X-Name-First: Kristin
Author-X-Name-Last: Ranestad
Title: Multinational mining companies, employment and knowledge transfer: Chile and Norway from ca. 1870 to 1940
Abstract: 
 This article compares employment at multinational mining companies in Chile and Norway from ca. 1870 to 1940. I find that multinationals in Chile recruited foreigners to managing and middle-management positions, while Norwegian workers were heavily involved in management of multinationals in Norway. The exclusion of Chileans encouraged enclave tendencies and prevented knowledge transfer, while strong networks were created between multinationals and the local industry in Norway through job switching. Evidence suggests that local workers were employed if they were qualified and that discrepancies in institutions stimulating capacity building in the two countries largely explain the different employment patterns.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 197-221
Issue: 2
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1407313
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1407313
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:2:p:197-221




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mike Adams
Author-X-Name-First: Mike
Author-X-Name-Last: Adams
Author-Name: Lars-Fredrik Andersson
Author-X-Name-First: Lars-Fredrik
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersson
Author-Name: Magnus Lindmark
Author-X-Name-First: Magnus
Author-X-Name-Last: Lindmark
Author-Name: Liselotte Eriksson
Author-X-Name-First: Liselotte
Author-X-Name-Last: Eriksson
Author-Name: Elena Veprauskaite
Author-X-Name-First: Elena
Author-X-Name-Last: Veprauskaite
Title: Managing policy lapse risk in Sweden’s life insurance market between 1915 and 1947
Abstract: 
 We examine the challenges that Swedish life insurers faced in managing the lapse risk of policies written on the lives of the industrial urban working class between 1915 and 1947. We observe that with the threat of State socialisation of insurance in the 1930s, industrial life insurers modified their business practices to better control policy lapses. Using firm-level data, we also analyse the effect of socio-economic changes, such as rising real wages, interest rate fluctuations and unemployment on life insurance policy lapses. Our results support contemporary tests of the emergency fund and interest rate explanations for the voluntary premature termination of life insurance policies.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 222-239
Issue: 2
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1418331
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1418331
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:2:p:222-239




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leon Gooberman
Author-X-Name-First: Leon
Author-X-Name-Last: Gooberman
Title: Business failure in an age of globalisation: Interpreting the rise and fall of the LG project in Wales, 1995–2006
Abstract: 
 In 1996, the South Korean conglomerate LG announced a £1.67 billion investment in Wales to manufacture consumer electronics and semiconductors. The project was to be Europe’s largest inward investment project, and LG was offered the UK Government’s most generous grants. However, the semiconductor plant was built but never entered production, while the consumer electronics facility closed in stages up to 2006. This article responds to calls for a ‘new business history’ by using the ill-fated investment as a case study of business failure, arguing that narrow firm-specific factors do not fully explain LG’s failure in Wales. The article finds instead that analysis of distorted institutional environments in South Korea and Wales, linked to rent-seeking behaviour by LG, provides a fuller answer.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 240-260
Issue: 2
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1426748
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1426748
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:2:p:240-260




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Paulson
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Paulson
Title: The professionalisation of selling and the transformation of a family business: Kenrick & Jefferson, 1878–1940
Abstract: 
 This article shows that innovation in sales management at a West Midlands SME in the early twentieth century matched contemporary best practices, and that it occurred in parallel with significant developments in sales education at both the University of Birmingham and the region’s colleges. In looking not only at a smaller company than those examined previously by historians of selling but also at what is referred to as the surrounding sales ecosystem, the article contributes to our understanding of a more dynamic sales environment, supported by a more purposeful educational provision, than has hitherto been understood to have existed.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 261-291
Issue: 2
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1426749
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1426749
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:2:p:261-291




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marie-Claire Loison
Author-X-Name-First: Marie-Claire
Author-X-Name-Last: Loison
Author-Name: Celine Berrier-Lucas
Author-X-Name-First: Celine
Author-X-Name-Last: Berrier-Lucas
Author-Name: Anne Pezet
Author-X-Name-First: Anne
Author-X-Name-Last: Pezet
Title: Corporate social responsibility before CSR: Practices at Aluminium du Cameroun (Alucam) from the 1950s to the 1980s
Abstract: 
 Aluminium du Cameroun (Alucam) was set up in 1957 as a subsidiary of the French aluminium group Pechiney. Since its creation, the Alucam plant has systematically applied policies that simultaneously integrate economic, social and environmental aspects. The originality of our contribution is that we describe a case where the three elements that make up corporate social responsibility (economic, social and environmental) are intertwined. Although this combination of elements had not formally materialised at the time, the case examined shows early awareness – comparatively ahead of its time and relatively well combined between the 1950s and the 1980s – of the three dimensions of corporate social responsibility.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 292-342
Issue: 2
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1427070
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1427070
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:2:p:292-342




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zoi Pittaki
Author-X-Name-First: Zoi
Author-X-Name-Last: Pittaki
Title: Extending William Baumol’s theory on entrepreneurship and institutions: lessons from post-Second World War Greece
Abstract: 
 This article examines William Baumol’s theory about the interaction between taxation and entrepreneurship and proposes an extension to it. The analysis shows that the traditional form of Baumol’s model, focusing mainly on the level of taxes, cannot be used in order to explain what happened in the Greek case. Utilising historical evidence from the mid 1950s to the late 1980s, this article confirms that problematic tax rules create difficulties for entrepreneurship and can lead to unproductive forms of it, as Baumol suggests. However, the focus here is on aspects of the system of taxation that Baumol’s model, examining solely tax rates and levels of taxation, neglected. It is shown that, as far as Greek entrepreneurship is concerned, the adverse effects of the system of taxation came not from the level of taxes, but mostly from a series of issues that increased its perceived unfairness and illegitimacy. Some of such issues were the complexity and frequent change of legislation, the insufficient organisation of the tax bureaus as well as the lack of adequate training and arbitrariness of the members of tax services. The evidence presented here suggests that Baumol’s model can be enriched by taking into consideration these aspects of taxation too.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 343-363
Issue: 2
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1451515
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1451515
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:2:p:343-363




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: Indochine années vingt. L’âge d’or de l’affairisme colonial (1918–1928). Banquiers, hommes d’affaires et patrons en réseaux
Journal: Business History
Pages: 364-366
Issue: 2
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1269524
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1269524
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:2:p:364-366




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tim Kooijmans
Author-X-Name-First: Tim
Author-X-Name-Last: Kooijmans
Title: Equity capital. From ancient partnerships to modern exchange traded funds
Journal: Business History
Pages: 367-368
Issue: 2
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1480132
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1480132
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:2:p:367-368




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marco Marigliano
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Marigliano
Title: Baking powder wars: the cutthroat food fight that revolutionized cooking
Journal: Business History
Pages: 369-370
Issue: 2
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1480575
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1480575
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:2:p:369-370




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julian Faust
Author-X-Name-First: Julian
Author-X-Name-Last: Faust
Title: The rise of the global company: multinationals and the making of the modern world
Journal: Business History
Pages: 371-372
Issue: 2
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1482822
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1482822
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:2:p:371-372




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mattias Näsman
Author-X-Name-First: Mattias
Author-X-Name-Last: Näsman
Title: Green capitalism? Business and the environment in the twentieth century
Journal: Business History
Pages: 373-374
Issue: 2
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1483301
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1483301
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:2:p:373-374




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ralf Banken
Author-X-Name-First: Ralf
Author-X-Name-Last: Banken
Title: Introduction: The room for manoeuvre for firms in the Third Reich
Abstract: 
 Since the mid-1990s, questions about the role of private enterprises played during the ‘Third Reich’, including why – and the extent to which – they supported armament, exploitation, and crimes by the Nazis through 1945, have formed a central focus of German economic and business historiography. Numerous case studies of the most important German enterprises (including Krupp, BASF, Flick, and Degussa) have demonstrated that, despite the increasing impact of political and ideological factors, private firms never stopped pursuing their economic self-interest. Even under the extreme ideological circumstances of the ‘Third Reich’, their strategic decisions remained underpinned by economic criteria. In the meantime, a broad consensus has emerged that the state control of firms took place more by virtue of changes in framework conditions affecting the business environment than through direct coercion. Actually, the regime was especially able to control the economy successfully in those cases where it operated with economic incentives and left companies room for manoeuvre, even if the latter became increasingly smaller towards the end of the war due to increasing state intervention and government control. This scope may explain the considerable differences in the behaviour of firms, especially with respect to their involvement in the Nazi crimes, although it was often economic self-interest more than moral shortcomings on the part of managers and entrepreneurs that led the firms to cooperate with the regime. Despite this consensus, however, the question of how much room for manoeuvre firms actually had remains highly contested. A good example of this is the controversy between Peter Hayes and Christoph Buchheim. Buchheim argued that firms enjoyed a high degree of autonomy during the National Socialist period, while Hayes stressed the significance of state intervention in the economy, which firms could not afford to ignore without suffering considerable economic disadvantages. This special issue takes this controversy as a starting point, addressing the still open question of how much freedom of action firms actually had. The basic assumption is that this question can only be reasonably answered on the basis of numerous empirical case studies. For this reason, a general overview on the current state of discussion is presented in the following introduction of the special issue.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 375-392
Issue: 3
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1713105
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1713105
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:3:p:375-392




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roman Köster
Author-X-Name-First: Roman
Author-X-Name-Last: Köster
Author-Name: Julia Schnaus
Author-X-Name-First: Julia
Author-X-Name-Last: Schnaus
Title: Sewing for Hitler? The clothing industry during the ‘Third Reich’
Abstract: 
 The article deals with the history of the clothing industry during the ‘Third Reich’. It discusses the development of the industry and the room for manoeuvre by the example of three companies, Seidensticker, Hugo Boss, and Bierbaum-Proenen. The article makes the point that the Nazi’s economic policy brought about severe restraints for the clothing industry, which seems to be typical for consumer goods industries as a whole during the ‘Third Reich’.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 393-409
Issue: 3
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1502749
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1502749
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:3:p:393-409




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Kopper
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Kopper
Title: The Munich Re: an internationally-oriented reinsurer in the Nazi era
Abstract: 
 This paper analyzes the National Socialist policy towards insurance companies. The puropse of this paper is to examine the impact of Nazi economic policies on the scope and the scale of the world biggest reinsurance company Munich Re. Contrary to prior assumptions, the substantial foreign business of Munich Re was not seriously affected by the Nazi policy of autarchy and the strict regulation of currency transfers.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 410-420
Issue: 3
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1259312
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1259312
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:3:p:410-420




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rüdiger Hachtmann
Author-X-Name-First: Rüdiger
Author-X-Name-Last: Hachtmann
Title: A hard-to-untangle business conglomerate: The economic empire of the German labour front
Journal: Business History
Pages: 421-437
Issue: 3
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1691799
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1691799
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:3:p:421-437




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Johannes Bähr
Author-X-Name-First: Johannes
Author-X-Name-Last: Bähr
Title: Between values orientation and economic logic: Bosch in the Third Reich
Abstract: 
 Bosch’s position among the German major corporations was special during the Third Reich. The company was not only the biggest German automotive supplier, but also a family enterprise with a conspicuous corporate culture that rested on the principles of its founder Robert Bosch. Robert Bosch’s principles were irreconcilable with the Nazi ideology. Bosch’s top management, therefore, found itself in an increasingly difficult balancing act between business interests and adherence to its values. In this article we ask what room for manoeuvre Bosch had under these conditions and how its top management acted. Apparently, the firm was able to retain considerable room for manoeuvre in internal matters, especially its personnel policy, and used it in the interest of its Jewish employees. At the same time, Bosch’s armament production expanded vigorously. Bosch was a key manufacturer in the German war economy. During the last war years, the enterprise betrayed its principles in the treatment of its slave labourers, when at the same time members of the top management actively supported the resistance against Hitler. The example of Bosch demonstrates that the business of the enterprise during the Third Reich followed the structure of the market, and not the principles of its management.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 438-450
Issue: 3
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1691343
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1691343
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:3:p:438-450




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tim Schanetzky
Author-X-Name-First: Tim
Author-X-Name-Last: Schanetzky
Title: Commercial expansion in the steel industry of World War II: The case of Henry J. Kaiser and Friedrich Flick
Abstract: 
 Research on the history of the steel industry in Nazi Germany saw an unprecedented boom in the 2000s, focusing on key players like Vereinigte Stahlwerke, Krupp, Gutehoffnungshütte and Friedrich Flick. However, the topic remains controversial and researchers are still debating the scope of corporate freedom of action available to German wartime steel producers. On the one hand, numerous constraints existed under the Nazi dictatorship so that, especially during the war and particularly in occupied Europe, manufacturers had significantly less room to manoeuvre and their options continuously decreased throughout the course of the armed conflict. On the other hand, a variety of recent studies have demonstrated that the Nazi regime did not launch a widespread attack on property rights or freedom of contract and imposed less coercion and force upon business than is widely assumed. This article makes two points: First, by comparing and contrasting government regulation and the growth models of big business, it argues that there were significant similarities on both sides of the Atlantic, citing examples from the German and American steel industries. Second, by taking a closer look at labour shortages as a crucial bottleneck, it demonstrates that such a comparison needs to determine the fundamental difference between a democracy and a dictatorship at war and advocates a view that incorporates economic logic of action and its historical context.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 451-467
Issue: 3
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1691336
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1691336
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:3:p:451-467




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marten Boon
Author-X-Name-First: Marten
Author-X-Name-Last: Boon
Author-Name: Ben Wubs
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Wubs
Title: Property, control and room for manoeuvre: Royal Dutch Shell and Nazi Germany, 1933–1945
Abstract: 
 Nationalistic Nazi politics created huge problems for foreign multinational firms in Germany. Business during the Nazi period has been characterised as either state controlled, complacent or complicit. Yet, some cases show that local management had considerable room for manoeuvre and acted primarily with the integrity and long-term interest of the company in mind. This article questions to what extent Royal Dutch Shell (RDS) controlled its assets in Nazi Germany and what its room for manoeuvre was. Although RDS lost control over its subsidiary over the course of the 1930s, the local management retained considerable room for manoeuvre well into the war.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 468-487
Issue: 3
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2016.1205034
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2016.1205034
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:3:p:468-487




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: José Antonio Miranda
Author-X-Name-First: José Antonio
Author-X-Name-Last: Miranda
Title: The country-of-origin effect and the international expansion of Spanish fashion companies, 1975–2015
Abstract: 
 This article deals with the influence of the country brand in the fashion industries. It explains how some Spanish fashion companies have achieved a prominent position in the international market without the support of a positive ‘country-of-origin effect’ and why their success has not generated a reinforcement of the image of Spain in the fashion market. The paper examines the evolution of the image of Spain and the Spanish fashion abroad, and the internationalisation of the main Spanish fashion companies, highlighting the keys of the limited influence of the country brand in the success of these companies.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 488-508
Issue: 3
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1374370
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1374370
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:3:p:488-508




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlos Eduardo Valencia Villa
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos Eduardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Valencia Villa
Title: Microfinances in the banking houses of Rio de Janeiro in 1864
Abstract: 
 This article explores the case of banking houses in Rio de Janeiro in 1864. The aim is to describe the deposit structures of banking houses and thus to show the significant part made up of small balances, which, when totalled, reached quite impressive sums. Banking houses have been described in the historiography as satellite institutions of commercial banks. However, considering their magnitude, this characterisation does not seem entirely appropriate. Banking houses appear to be more similar to saving banks. Banking houses had a dual source of funds: on the one hand, banking institutions, and on the other, the general public.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 509-535
Issue: 3
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1454432
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1454432
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:3:p:509-535




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: La sidérurgie française et la maison de Wendel pendant les Trente Glorieuses
Journal: Business History
Pages: 536-538
Issue: 3
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1326573
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1326573
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:3:p:536-538




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simone Halleen
Author-X-Name-First: Simone
Author-X-Name-Last: Halleen
Title: Policy signals and market responses: a 50-year history of Zambia’s relationship with foreign capital
Journal: Business History
Pages: 539-540
Issue: 3
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1483863
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1483863
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:3:p:539-540




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Silvia Milanesi
Author-X-Name-First: Silvia
Author-X-Name-Last: Milanesi
Title: Small business, education, and management. The life and times of John Bolton
Journal: Business History
Pages: 541-542
Issue: 3
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1483866
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1483866
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:3:p:541-542




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: Les bassins industriels des territoires occupés, 1914–1918. Des opérations militaires à la reconstruction
Journal: Business History
Pages: 543-544
Issue: 3
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1326575
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1326575
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:3:p:543-544




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Scott
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott
Title: Friends in high places: Government-industry relations in public sector house-building during Britain’s tower block era
Abstract: 
 Britain’s high-rise public housing era is widely seen as a serious social policy mistake. We show that the problems associated with this housing format were known to policy makers at an early stage, while tower blocks were also substantially more expensive, both from the perspective of central, and local, government. Conservatives governments championed high-rise mainly owing to the political advantages of urban containment. Major building contractors then used their close links with (central and local) policy-makers to aggressively lobby for high-rise ʽsystem building,’ as their expertise in this field enabled them to dominate the sector and exclude local competitors.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 545-565
Issue: 4
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1452913
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1452913
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:4:p:545-565




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hanaan Marwah
Author-X-Name-First: Hanaan
Author-X-Name-Last: Marwah
Title: Untangling government, market, and investment failure during the Nigerian oil boom: the Cement Armada scandal 1974–1980
Abstract: 
 The ‘Cement Armada’ was a major Nigerian government scandal which culminated in hundreds of cement-laden ships arriving en masse at Lagos, creating severe multi-year-long port congestion during the height of the 1970s oil boom. In spite of the scale of the scandal, its causes and consequences have received little attention from scholars. This article presents new research which suggests the Armada was one of several contributing factors to the extraordinary inflation in the price of construction during period. It places the scandal in the context of debates about corruption, organisational failure and a ‘resource curse’ in Nigeria.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 566-587
Issue: 4
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1458839
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1458839
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:4:p:566-587




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. Carles Maixé-Altés
Author-X-Name-First: J. Carles
Author-X-Name-Last: Maixé-Altés
Title: Retail trade and payment innovations in the digital era: a cross-industry and multi-country approach
Abstract: 
 This article introduces a novel approach to payment innovations. It t identifies a cross-industry (retail trade and retail banking) and multi-country (USA, some Western European countries and Japan) approach to the interaction between these industries and the new retail payment systems from the 1970s to the mid 1990s. It documents and discusses the different trajectories that have been seen in the different competitive environments, particularly in regard to payment cards. It also analyses the involvement of bankers and retailers in the evolution of card payment systems and their contribution to the global adoption of bank cards. These processes have occurred within a framework in which sectoral boundaries have taken precedence over the payment alternatives associated with cross-industry solutions.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 588-612
Issue: 4
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1471062
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1471062
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:4:p:588-612




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francesca Fauri
Author-X-Name-First: Francesca
Author-X-Name-Last: Fauri
Author-Name: Matteo Troilo
Author-X-Name-First: Matteo
Author-X-Name-Last: Troilo
Title: The ‘Duce hometown effect’ on local industrial development: The case of Forlì
Abstract: 
 The history of fascist intervention and rescue in support of Italian banks and firms (either through nationalisation or direct aid) in the inter-war years is well known. The case of Forlì adds an important piece of information to the broad literature on state-sponsored development. Benito Mussolini was born in Predappio, a small village in the Apennines in the province of Forlì. And Forlì was meant to become ‘la città del Duce’ (‘the Duce’s hometown’). The case of Forlì offers an original perspective: entrepreneurs who chose Mussolini’s hometown to obtain special concessions, a novel element in the crowded panorama of special relationships between government and industry in Italy. But on the other hand, this article will also underline the unsuitability of big business to local economic characteristics (and post-war challenges) and the return to a traditional growth path centred around the small-firm model specialising in traditional sectors and family-owned, centralised management. State-sponsored business failed and provided no stimulus to local growth: any talk of ‘industrial continuity’ in Forlì requires us to acknowledge that it is based on the steady presence and continuous regeneration of locally grown, small family businesses.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 613-636
Issue: 4
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1472582
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1472582
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:4:p:613-636




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jesús M.  Valdaliso
Author-X-Name-First: Jesús M.
Author-X-Name-Last:  Valdaliso
Title: Accounting for the resilience of the machine-tool industry in Spain (c. 1960–2015)
Abstract: 
 This article examines the evolution of the machine-tool industry in Spain between 1960 and 2015, its international competitiveness and its adaptability to the changes that have taken place in this industry worldwide as regards markets, technology and competitors. Drawing on the theoretical literature on the resilience of regions, cities and production systems, the article offers an exploratory analysis of the three main factors that account for the resilience of this industry in Spain: business size, flexibility and production specialisation; absorptive and innovative capacity; and geographical concentration in a region with an ecosystem that is highly supportive of skilled human capital training and innovation.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 637-662
Issue: 4
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1473380
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1473380
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:4:p:637-662




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ioanna-Sapfo Pepelasis
Author-X-Name-First: Ioanna-Sapfo
Author-X-Name-Last: Pepelasis
Author-Name: Stefanos Zarkos
Author-X-Name-First: Stefanos
Author-X-Name-Last: Zarkos
Author-Name: Constantine Aivalis
Author-X-Name-First: Constantine
Author-X-Name-Last: Aivalis
Title: Why leverage does not always deliver: Lessons from the performance of the top 50 industrial firms in Greece during the Great Depression
Abstract: 
 On the basis of a new data-set constructed from company balance sheets and profit and loss accounts (for 1927–1936), this article examines the performance of the top 50 industrial joint stock companies in Greece that survived the Great Depression. We combined descriptive statistics with panel data analysis, and our main findings are as follows: (1) the Great Depression had a rather mild impact on profitability; (2) the level of (financial or operating) leverage throughout the decade under review was lower than that prescribed in theory, and the best performers within the top 50 had a higher liquidity; (3) leverage did not produce the expected benefits (i.e. a higher capital investment) even when there were increasing industrial profits as in the post-crisis period.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 663-685
Issue: 4
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1476495
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1476495
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:4:p:663-685




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christos Tsakas
Author-X-Name-First: Christos
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsakas
Title: Europeanisation under authoritarian rule: Greek business and the hoped-for transition to electoral politics, 1967–1974
Abstract: 
 The article addresses the domestic impact of the freezing of the Greek association with the European Economic Community (EEC) on business–government relations during the colonels’ dictatorship in Greece (1967–1974). Focusing on the Federation of Greek Industries (SEV), the author argues that in the face of the Europeanisation of Greek industry, Greek business embarked upon a strategy prioritising liberalisation as a means towards rapprochement with the EEC. But this strategy was not part of a pro-democracy agenda. On the contrary, seeking a viable political regime and future accession to the EEC, SEV supported an abortive authoritarian transition to electoral politics in 1973.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 686-709
Issue: 4
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1494156
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1494156
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:4:p:686-709




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: Réguler l’économie. L’apport des organisations patronales. Europe, xixe–xxe siècles
Journal: Business History
Pages: 710-711
Issue: 4
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1349721
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1349721
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:4:p:710-711




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Niall G. MacKenzie
Author-X-Name-First: Niall G.
Author-X-Name-Last: MacKenzie
Title: Family and business during the industrial revolution
Journal: Business History
Pages: 712-713
Issue: 4
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1484592
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1484592
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:4:p:712-713




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yasushi HARA
Author-X-Name-First: Yasushi
Author-X-Name-Last: HARA
Title: Industrial development, technology transfer and global competition
Journal: Business History
Pages: 714-715
Issue: 4
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1484593
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1484593
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:4:p:714-715




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stéphane Bécuwe
Author-X-Name-First: Stéphane
Author-X-Name-Last: Bécuwe
Author-Name: Bertrand Blancheton
Author-X-Name-First: Bertrand
Author-X-Name-Last: Blancheton
Title: French textile specialisation in long run perspective (1836–1938): trade policy as industrial policy
Abstract: 
 This article concerns textile industry dynamics. Using a new database covering French international trade between 1836 and 1938, it focuses on France’s specialisation in various textiles. It demonstrates, for the first time, the major influence of trade policy on the French textile trade during the first globalisation. Tariffs appear to be key factors in specialisation, measured by the Lafay Index and intra-industry trade in textiles. By analysing changes in tariffs between textile raw materials and finished textiles and decorrelation between tariffs, we show that an effective trade protection approach was applied by successive French governments in order to sustain the industrial competitiveness of textile firms. Such trade policy slowed down textile de-specialisation in silk and wool fabrics until World War One.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 891-914
Issue: 6
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1494732
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1494732
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:6:p:891-914




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Etienne Farvaque
Author-X-Name-First: Etienne
Author-X-Name-Last: Farvaque
Author-Name: Antoine Parent
Author-X-Name-First: Antoine
Author-X-Name-Last: Parent
Author-Name: Piotr Stanek
Author-X-Name-First: Piotr
Author-X-Name-Last: Stanek
Title: Debates and dissent inside the FOMC during WWII
Abstract: 
 We demonstrate that even though during WWII the interest rate was close to zero supporting the financing of the military effort, dissent inside the FOMC occurred with a similar frequency to other policy episodes. Our analysis highlights that the debates which resulted in dissents turned around two broad issues: the size of the Fed’s balance sheet as well as the functioning of and communication with financial markets. Thus, we argue that the conventional view depicting the Fed as merely accommodating treasury needs should be revised. Our detailed investigation of dissents emphasises the modernity of the objections raised by Fed officials.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 915-939
Issue: 6
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1517752
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1517752
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:6:p:915-939




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marrisa Joseph
Author-X-Name-First: Marrisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Joseph
Title: Enter the middleman: Legitimisation of literary agents in the British Victorian publishing industry 1875–1900
Abstract: 
 The literary agent is a recent addition to the publishing industry, yet in a relatively short space of time has become instrumental in the production of literature. This article examines the origins and development of the A.P. Watt literary agency to explore how it became a dominant organisation in the late nineteenth century. It analyses how its founder Alexander Pollock Watt, despite being met with resistance, gained legitimacy to be accepted by authors and publishers. Through an analysis of historical sources this article argues that by using contract law, Watt was able to disrupt existing business practices.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 940-959
Issue: 6
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1514013
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1514013
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:6:p:940-959




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Swapnesh K. Masrani
Author-X-Name-First: Swapnesh K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Masrani
Author-Name: Peter McKiernan
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: McKiernan
Author-Name: Alan McKinlay
Author-X-Name-First: Alan
Author-X-Name-Last: McKinlay
Title: Strategic responses to low-cost competition: Technological lock-in in the Dundee jute industry
Abstract: 
 This article examines path dependency and technological lock-in in the evolution of the Dundee jute industry, from its beginnings in the 1860s to its demise in the 1970s. The evolution of the industry is explored using the resource-based view of the firm (RBV). The results suggest that the nature and construct of jute fibre was the root cause of a lack of sustainable strategic responses in the sector. Path dependent decisions and technological lock-in meant that many firms were not able to make successful strategic switches, although the capabilities of their engineering skills allowed some firms to endure for longer. Thus, the article extends the RBV to a deeper firm capability level and complements cognate literature on the UK textile sector with a finer specification of the phases in jute’s evolution.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 960-981
Issue: 6
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1502750
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1502750
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:6:p:960-981




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Graeme G. Acheson
Author-X-Name-First: Graeme G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Acheson
Author-Name: Christopher Coyle
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Coyle
Author-Name: David P. Jordan
Author-X-Name-First: David P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Jordan
Author-Name: John D. Turner
Author-X-Name-First: John D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Turner
Title: Share trading activity and the rise of the rentier in the UK before 1920*
Abstract: 
 Using a hand-collected dataset, we examine share trading activity over the period 1882–1920 for the North British and Mercantile Insurance Company, one of the largest UK companies of the time. Our main finding is that the steady flow of rentiers into the shareholding constituency of this company stymied share trading activity. Another important finding is that share trading still occurred during the closure of the stock exchange in 1914, but on a much-reduced scale. We also find that there was a substantial boom in share trading and in insurance stock prices after World War I.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 982-1001
Issue: 6
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1502751
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1502751
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:6:p:982-1001




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Heller
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Heller
Author-Name: Michael Rowlinson
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Rowlinson
Title: The British house magazine 1945 to 2015: The creation of family, organisation and markets
Abstract: 
 This article examines the history of British house magazines from 1945 to 2015. It discusses their content, audience and function within companies. From tools of internal public relations, house magazines switched to being used as mediums of industrial relations in the 1960s and 1970s, and by the late 1980s were increasingly applied to the creation of corporate identity, organisational culture and internal marketing. They were also forced to accommodate the rise of internal communications and electronic media. The article discusses the rise and relative decline of the British house magazine, and ends by asking whether it has a future.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1002-1026
Issue: 6
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1508455
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1508455
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:6:p:1002-1026




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emily Buchnea
Author-X-Name-First: Emily
Author-X-Name-Last: Buchnea
Author-Name: Anna Tilba
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Tilba
Author-Name: John F. Wilson
Author-X-Name-First: John F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson
Title: British corporate networks, 1976–2010: Extending the study of finance–industry relationships
Abstract: 
 Using an extensive and unique data set that has been created to record the composition of the boards of directors of the top 250 British firms between 1904 and 2010, this article builds upon a previous study by the authors on the corporate network to 1976 by extending the study to 2010. The analysis revolves around three key observations: the nature and depth of the corporate network; the distinct stages in corporate connectivity between 1976 and 2010; and the 1980s watershed in the relationship between financial and other sectors, following which financial institutions withdrew from the corporate network. The article concludes with an analysis of how the data set has changed our perceptions of British corporate networks, wider changes in British business, and a discussion of implications for future research.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1027-1057
Issue: 6
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1512096
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1512096
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:6:p:1027-1057




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: Tourisme, mobilité et développement régional dans les Alpes suisses. Montreux, Finhaut et Zermatt du xix e siècle à nos jours; Stations en tensions
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1058-1060
Issue: 6
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1456746
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1456746
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:6:p:1058-1060




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicolaas Strydom
Author-X-Name-First: Nicolaas
Author-X-Name-Last: Strydom
Title: Entrepreneurship in Africa
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1061-1062
Issue: 6
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1499205
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1499205
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:6:p:1061-1062




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Neil Rollings
Author-X-Name-First: Neil
Author-X-Name-Last: Rollings
Author-Name: Laurent Warlouzet
Author-X-Name-First: Laurent
Author-X-Name-Last: Warlouzet
Title: Business history and European integration: How EEC competition policy affected companies’ strategies
Abstract: 
 This introduction to the special issue on business responses to European competition policy considers the development of research in the field of European competition policy. It is argued that existing analyses have concentrated on the development of policy over time and that we know surprisingly little about the response of business to the demands of competition policy. This is important because it is apparent that ever stricter legal provision has not removed the problem and where there appears to be a considerable degree of recidivism. The aim of the special issue is to begin to address these issues by examining the response of different companies and sectors to the existence of EEC/EU competition policy.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 717-742
Issue: 5
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1488966
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1488966
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:5:p:717-742




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Neil Rollings
Author-X-Name-First: Neil
Author-X-Name-Last: Rollings
Title: Babcock and Wilcox Ltd, the ‘Babcock Family’ and regulation 17/62: A business response to new competition policy in the early 1960s
Abstract: 
 This article explores through the lens of the British company Babcock and Wilcox Ltd the response of a group of European companies to the threat posed to their activities by the new EEC competition policy in the early 1960s. Regulation 17/62 was set to ban the market-sharing agreements which had been in place for many years between the companies in Europe. The article tracks their deliberations over the most suitable response that would allow market sharing to continue while minimising the risk of discovery. This rare insight into the inner discussions of cartel arrangements also highlights the role of legal advice in the solution adopted.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 743-762
Issue: 5
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1310197
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1310197
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:5:p:743-762




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Niklas Jensen-Eriksen
Author-X-Name-First: Niklas
Author-X-Name-Last: Jensen-Eriksen
Title: Creating clubs and giants: How competition policies influenced the strategy and structure of Nordic pulp and paper industry, 1970–2000
Abstract: 
 This article shows how companies can circumvent competition legislation by developing new informal ways of cooperation. We focus on the case of the Nordic pulp and paper industry which was particularly eager to set up cartels. Scholars analysing this sector can utilise exceptionally rich sources that reveal how industrialists reacted to the introduction and development of European competition policies. The article shows that companies defended their collusive practices by making them less transparent and more informal than before, a change that did not automatically lessen their effectiveness. Tougher competition policies also encouraged industrialists to create new giant companies.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 763-781
Issue: 5
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1342812
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1342812
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:5:p:763-781




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marco Bertilorenzi
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Bertilorenzi
Title: From cartels to futures. The aluminium industry, the London Metal Exchange and European competition policies, 1960s–1980s
Abstract: 
 In 1978, the London Metal Exchange started a futures trade for aluminium. Before then, the global aluminium trade was regulated by a producers’ list price, which was settled through cartel networks and served as referral for the market price. Many observers agree that the start of the futures was a turning point for the aluminium industry because it reshaped global markets and the strategies of the main actors into the industry. Despite this recognition, little attention has been paid to the factors behind this change. This article shows that this outcome was helped by an antitrust action of the European Commission. Discussing the weight that the European Commission held in this change, this research brings new evidences about the nexus between competition policies and the governance of global market for commodities. One major conclusion is that the European antitrust contributed in making the producers’ list prices unworkable, assisting the emergence a new pricing system.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 782-814
Issue: 5
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1469621
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1469621
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:5:p:782-814




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sigfrido M. Ramírez Pérez
Author-X-Name-First: Sigfrido M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ramírez Pérez
Title: Embedding the market during times of crisis: the European automobile cartel during a decade of crisis (1973–1985)
Abstract: 
 The crisis of the long 1970s marked a structural transformation of the European automobile industry. It shifted from national oligopolies to supranational oligopoly coordinated by European institutions. This article presents this historical transition by looking at competition law as the key regulation for politically governing a European market of automobiles. In particular, it reconstructs the central role played by the European Commission in creating a legal exemption from the general rules of competition through a specific regulation (123/1985), which for a decade limited competition in automobile distribution between multinationals at the expense of distributors and consumers.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 815-836
Issue: 5
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1575037
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1575037
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:5:p:815-836




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arthe Van Laer
Author-X-Name-First: Arthe
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Laer
Title: The European Lilliputians attacking IBM: Balancing innovation and competition in the European Commission’s first big antitrust case (1973–1984)
Abstract: 
 The European Commission’s case against IBM for abuse of dominant position (1973–1984) was at the time by far the biggest in the short history of EEC antitrust policy, and would remain so long afterwards. It also set an important precedent for the use of interoperability as competition law remedy. Through extensive archival research, this article shows that the EEC Commission’s action in the IBM case was determined by broader industrial policy aims for the computer sector. The Commission opted for augmenting competition, at the potential detriment of innovation, because this was expected to enhance the competitiveness of European industry.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 837-857
Issue: 5
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1444754
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1444754
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:5:p:837-857




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laurent Warlouzet
Author-X-Name-First: Laurent
Author-X-Name-Last: Warlouzet
Title: The collapse of the French Shipyard of Dunkirk and EEC state-aid control (1977–86)
Abstract: 
 Since 1958 the European Commission has been in charge of monitoring a progressive reduction of national aid to shipbuilding. However, a large gap existed between theory and practice, especially during the severe crisis that hit Western European shipbuilding from the late 1970s onwards. This article gauges the real influence of state-aid control on companies’ restructuring by examining both the Commission’s papers and the archives of the French shipyard of Dunkirk, which was the second French shipbuilding company in the early 1980s before collapsing in 1986. It argues that the closure of the yard was due to a progressive assertion of European Economic Community (EEC) state-aid control, but also to the company’s internal weakness as well as changes in the French state’s industrial policy.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 858-878
Issue: 5
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1307341
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1307341
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers.
Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:5:p:858-878




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Beatriz Rodriguez-Satizabal
Author-X-Name-First: Beatriz
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodriguez-Satizabal
Title: The impact of globalisation on Argentina and Chile. Business enterprises and entrepreneurship
Journal: Business History
Pages: 879-880
Issue: 5
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1484594
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1484594
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Claudius Ruch
Author-X-Name-First: Claudius
Author-X-Name-Last: Ruch
Title: Anschluss an den Weltmarkt. Ungarns elektrotechnische Leitunternehmen, 1867–1949
Journal: Business History
Pages: 881-882
Issue: 5
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1484595
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1484595
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:5:p:881-882




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bethan Bide
Author-X-Name-First: Bethan
Author-X-Name-Last: Bide
Title: Fashionability: Abraham Moon and the creation of British cloth for the global market
Journal: Business History
Pages: 883-884
Issue: 5
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1484596
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1484596
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:5:p:883-884




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Catherine R. Schenk
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Schenk
Title: European Banks and the Rise of International Finance: the post-Bretton Woods era
Journal: Business History
Pages: 885-886
Issue: 5
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1492198
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1492198
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:5:p:885-886




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Boni
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Boni
Title: Histoire des chemins de fer en France. Tome III: 1937–1997
Journal: Business History
Pages: 887-889
Issue: 5
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1443842
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1443842
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:5:p:887-889




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Correction
Journal: Business History
Pages: I-I
Issue: 5
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1616418
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1616418
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adoracion Álvaro-Moya
Author-X-Name-First: Adoracion
Author-X-Name-Last: Álvaro-Moya
Author-Name: Susanna Fellman
Author-X-Name-First: Susanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Fellman
Author-Name: Nuria Puig
Author-X-Name-First: Nuria
Author-X-Name-Last: Puig
Title: Business history special issue on foreign investment and the development of entrepreneurial and managerial capabilities in host economies
Abstract: 
 This special issue is the result of a workshop on the effects of foreign direct investment on the development of entrepreneurial and managerial capabilities in host economies. Our aim was, rather than to look at the more generic competencies of firms, to call attention to the knowledge, skills and abilities embodied in individuals and, particularly, in managerial and technical professionals working for subsidiaries of multinationals or for local companies with foreign investors. We specifically addressed the question of to what extent these professionals’ capabilities could have been born, developed or shaped by working for, or alongside, foreign firms. This may explain in part the rapid ascension of the so-called dragon or new multinationals from late industrializing and emerging economies. Foreign investment is considered to have stimulated economic modernization and industrial progress in a Gerschenkronian way, thus advancing catching-up with traditional economic leaders. Our approach to the effects of foreign investment on host markets, therefore, would contribute not only providing insight into corporate internationalization strategies and international human resource management, but also into how industrial progress and economic modernization spread to new areas and regions. We aim to address these two traditional research questions of management and economic scholarship from a microeconomic and hence business-history-oriented perspective, as well as beyond these to professionals and education systems, through the analysis of knowledge transfer at country, industry and firm level.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1063-1078
Issue: 7
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1726320
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1726320
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:7:p:1063-1078




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: T. S. Lopes
Author-X-Name-First: T. S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Lopes
Author-Name: V. C. Simões
Author-X-Name-First: V. C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Simões
Title: Foreign investment in Portugal and knowledge spillovers: From the Methuen Treaty to the 21st century
Abstract: 
 This article looks at the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on host-country firms’ capabilities, industry competitiveness and long-term economic development. Focussing on the case of Portugal over a period of 300 years, it develops a framework of the types of knowledge spillovers, based on the behaviour of, and interactions between, foreign investors and local players. This study argues that the impact of FDI in Portugal has evolved in stages, from closed to interactive approaches, increasing the learning by local players. These ultimately lead to the long-term upgrade of firms’ capabilities, industry competitiveness and host-country economic development.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1079-1106
Issue: 7
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1386177
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1386177
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:7:p:1079-1106




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nadia Fernández-de-Pinedo
Author-X-Name-First: Nadia
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández-de-Pinedo
Author-Name: Rafael Castro
Author-X-Name-First: Rafael
Author-X-Name-Last: Castro
Author-Name: David Pretel
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Pretel
Title: Technology transfer networks in the first industrial age: the case of Derosne & Cail and the sugar industry (1818–1871)
Abstract: 
 This article examines the transnational operations of the French firm Derosne & Cail, one of the most innovative engineering companies in the mid-nineteenth century. It would become the leading European firm supplying advanced steam-powered technologies and equipment to the international sugar industry. Derosne & Cail’s international expansion was achieved primarily through a global strategy that connected customers and suppliers, particularly by building an effective international network of technological knowledge and expertise. This article explores three aspects related to its international activities from 1818 to 1871 (both before and after Derosne’s death): strategies of commercialisation of steam technologies; relationships with end users; and consequences for industrialising peripheral countries in terms of the transfer of knowledge, technology, and human capital.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1107-1136
Issue: 7
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1551365
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1551365
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:7:p:1107-1136




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Norma Silvana Lanciotti
Author-X-Name-First: Norma Silvana
Author-X-Name-Last: Lanciotti
Author-Name: Andrea Lluch
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea
Author-X-Name-Last: Lluch
Title: Staffing policies and human resource management in Argentina: American and British firms (1890–1930s)
Abstract: 
 Foreign investment is at the core of discussions around the long-term development of Latin America’s economy. However, some aspects of foreign firms’ Latin American operations have not been analyzed extensively, such as management staffing strategies. This article examines recruitment patterns, managerial styles, and the professional development of executives in Argentina, contrasting cases of British and American companies from the end of the nineteenth century through to the 1930s. It tracks the main changes in the policies of foreign companies that transferred managerial skills and know-how from core countries to the periphery. The article shows how more ‘local’ talent was promoted to executive positions from the 1920s onwards and proposes that immigrant non-expatriates were a major source of managerial talent, in addition to expatriates (PCNs) and locals (HCNs). Multinational firms’ socialisation strategies also benefited from the social networks built by immigrants who had settled in the River Plate area from the mid 1800s.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1137-1161
Issue: 7
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1471061
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1471061
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:7:p:1137-1161




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Montserrat Llonch-Casanovas
Author-X-Name-First: Montserrat
Author-X-Name-Last: Llonch-Casanovas
Title: Immigrant entrepreneurs, technology transfer and knowledge spillovers: The case of Lyon Barcelona (1933–1981)
Abstract: 
 The study explores the key contributory factors in the success of immigrant entrepreneurs in disseminating technical knowledge in host economies. Based on a study of the Lyon Barcelona textile printing firm in Premià de Mar, we show how the introduction of screen printing in 1933 eventually stimulated the creation of a cluster specialised in the manufacture of printing moulds. The knowhow provided by the new technique was transferred from the factory itself and disseminated to new small businesses that were set up in and around the town of Premià. Thanks to the vision of an immigrant entrepreneur, who saw the potential of the new business inside the pre-existing industrial framework in Catalonia, and his close collaboration with local managers, this cross-border business initiative had a decisive impact on the host economy.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1162-1181
Issue: 7
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1401065
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1401065
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:7:p:1162-1181




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Keetie Sluyterman
Author-X-Name-First: Keetie
Author-X-Name-Last: Sluyterman
Title: Decolonisation and the organisation of the international workforce: Dutch multinationals in Indonesia, 1945–1967
Abstract: 
 This article deals with one particular aspect of economic decolonisation: the inclusion of local managers in the companies of the former colonial powers, in this case, the promotion of Indonesians to managerial and supervisory positions in Dutch multinationals. The Indonesian government blamed Dutch companies for being too slow in training and promoting local managers, and Dutch historiography agreed with that judgement. The replacement of expatriates by local managers, however, should be considered in the broader context of the diverse functions of expatriates. This article argues that for multinationals the use of expatriates is essential for creating a social network that enables knowledge transfer and control. The local subsidiaries profited from the transfer of knowledge and expertise; becoming part of that international network through exchange of staff is more important than getting rid of all expatriates.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1182-1201
Issue: 7
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1350170
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1350170
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:7:p:1182-1201




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paloma Fernández Pérez
Author-X-Name-First: Paloma
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández Pérez
Title: Partners in a journey to the centre of the world: Spanish and Japanese knowledge transfer and alliances in the Spanish healthcare industries (1960s–1980s)
Abstract: 
 This study analyses the role of commercial and technological alliances with Japanese firms in the internationalisation of Spanish healthcare corporations between the 1960s and the 1980s. These alliances taught the local partners to operate in global healthcare markets, particularly in legal, organisational, and financial terms. Firms like Almirall, Hubber, and Grifols benefitted from Japanese knowledge transfer to enter Asian and American healthcare markets. The case of Grifols, for which more archival sources are available, is the focus of the article, and demonstrates that alliances with Western subsidiaries of the Japanese Green Cross Corporation played an instrumental role in teaching the managers and technical staff of the Spanish healthcare firm to go beyond their previous exports and undertake foreign direct investments in the US health market. The study suggests a future research agenda to explore more about East–West alliances in the internationalisation of peripheral economies of the world.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1202-1230
Issue: 7
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1348498
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1348498
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:7:p:1202-1230




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adoración Álvaro-Moya
Author-X-Name-First: Adoración
Author-X-Name-Last: Álvaro-Moya
Author-Name: Núria Puig
Author-X-Name-First: Núria
Author-X-Name-Last: Puig
Author-Name: Eugenio Torres
Author-X-Name-First: Eugenio
Author-X-Name-Last: Torres
Title: Managing foreign know-how and local human capital: Urquijo Group and the rise of Spanish engineering firms
Abstract: 
 This article examines the long-term impact of foreign multinational firms on the human capital of their host economies, looking into a knowledge-intensive industry, engineering consulting, through the lens of a traditional partner of foreign investors in late developing countries' business groups. Following a case-study approach, the research focuses on two leading Spanish consultants, Tecnatom and Técnicas Reunidas, both founded by Spain’s largest private business group, Urquijo, in collaboration with American firms. We show that the organisational structure of the group was crucial to recruiting local talent and developing learning strategies aimed at building specific capabilities and competing in the global market. Our main conclusion is that the enablement of local human capital, the basis of the so-called absorptive capacities, depends to a large extent on local learning strategies, which, as our cases reveal, depend much more on local actors and environment than on foreign MNEs.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1231-1253
Issue: 7
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1413093
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1413093
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:7:p:1231-1253




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Correction
Journal: Business History
Pages: I-I
Issue: 7
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1573563
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1573563
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:7:p:I-I




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Correction
Journal: Business History
Pages: II-II
Issue: 7
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1818429
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1818429
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:7:p:II-II




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giulio Ongaro
Author-X-Name-First: Giulio
Author-X-Name-Last: Ongaro
Title: Military food supply in the Republic of Venice in the eighteenth century: Entrepreneurs, merchants, and the state
Abstract: 
 The aim of this article is to analyse the economic effects of the development of military logistical structures – especially food supply structures – in the state-building process in the Early Modern period, using the Republic of Venice as a case study. It will consider both technical elements (officials, structures, laws) and economic dynamics (grain purchasing and bread production contracts).The article will also profile the grain merchants who traded with Venetian officials and took on bread production contracts. It will trace the circumstances, many of them outside of the control of the state, which shaped the fundamental role played by merchants and entrepreneurs in directing the evolution of supply structures: these developments were influenced primarily by military needs and the competences required to fulfil them, but also by market forces and the rewards available to entrepreneurs.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1255-1278
Issue: 8
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1520211
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1520211
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:8:p:1255-1278




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Willem de Haan
Author-X-Name-First: Willem
Author-X-Name-Last: de Haan
Title: To know or not to know: Silent complicity in crimes against humanity in Argentina (1976–1983)
Abstract: 
 The aim of this study is to challenge the widely-held assumption that members of the general board of a multinational corporation will not be aware of what is happening on the shop floor in their affiliates in other parts of the world, in particular when such actions have profound potential moral and/or legal implications. This assumption of ‘corporate ignorance’ is refuted by a case study documenting the information that members of the general board of a Dutch multinational received about crimes against humanity that were committed during the 1970s in Argentina, and, more specifically, in and around their local affiliate where workers were forcefully abducted and disappeared. In this historical case, members of the general board appear to have been fully aware of these crimes while knowingly ignoring and remaining indifferent to the involvement of their local affiliate. In hindsight, the multinational corporation they represented can, therefore, be viewed as ‘silently complicit’.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1279-1302
Issue: 8
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1523393
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1523393
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:8:p:1279-1302




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luc Borrowman
Author-X-Name-First: Luc
Author-X-Name-Last: Borrowman
Author-Name: Lionel Frost
Author-X-Name-First: Lionel
Author-X-Name-Last: Frost
Author-Name: Abdel K Halabi
Author-X-Name-First: Abdel K
Author-X-Name-Last: Halabi
Author-Name: Peter Schuwalow
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Schuwalow
Title: Evading labour market regulations to preserve team performance: evidence from the Victorian Football League, 1930–70
Abstract: 
 Sports teams that seek to maximise the number of wins, rather than profits, may not comply with league labour market regulations that compress payroll structures to promote even competition. This strategic behaviour depends on others, as teams choose a strategy to create team incentives, to which rivals will respond. A case study of four teams in a semi-professional Australian Rules football league tests the effectiveness of strategies to evade these regulations on winning percentages. Both compliance and non-compliance within this labour market regulation regime, based on different wage structures and talent distribution, were effective strategies to improve team performance.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1303-1323
Issue: 8
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1531850
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1531850
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:8:p:1303-1323




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Fowler
Author-X-Name-First: James
Author-X-Name-Last: Fowler
Title: Compensating the passengers. A comparison of the management of three London underground crashes 1909–1975
Abstract: 
 This study considers organisational responses to three accidents on the London Underground 1909–1975. The private sector response to an accident at Moorgate in 1909 made generous awards. Responses to the Charing Cross crash in 1938 during the period of quasi-public governance by the London Passenger Transport Board show ongoing high levels of awards. Finally, a severe accident at Moorgate in 1975 reveals public sector management making low offers of compensation. This is congruent with other examples from the industry in each period. The study finds that the fall in compensation was linked to the roles of competition and media interest.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1324-1340
Issue: 8
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1532995
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1532995
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:8:p:1324-1340




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert J. Bennett
Author-X-Name-First: Robert J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bennett
Author-Name: Harry Smith
Author-X-Name-First: Harry
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith
Author-Name: Piero Montebruno
Author-X-Name-First: Piero
Author-X-Name-Last: Montebruno
Title: The Population of Non-corporate Business Proprietors in England and Wales 1891–1911
Abstract: 
 This article uses population censuses to provide the first consistent counts of the population of business proprietors for 1891–1911. After appropriate adjustments for imperfect Census design the article confirms the persistence of own account self-employed as the most common businesses throughout the period. However, it identifies a turning point around 1901 when the business numbers decisively shifted towards larger firms, where employers with waged workers began substituting for many own account businesses. Developments were, however, multi-faceted, with important sector differences, and some fields of female business beginning to take off over the period, especially in retail and the professions.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1341-1372
Issue: 8
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1534959
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1534959
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:8:p:1341-1372




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Susana Martínez-Rodríguez
Author-X-Name-First: Susana
Author-X-Name-Last: Martínez-Rodríguez
Title: Mistresses of company capital: Female partners in multi-owner firms, Spain (1886–1936)
Abstract: 
 Contrary to the impression put forth in the literature, Spanish women at the turn of the twentieth century played an active and visible role in the business sphere. Using a unique database containing microdata on the founders of Spanish multi-owner firms from 1886 to 1936, this study analyses the role of female owners and the legal structures that supported their participation in business. In that 50-year period, over 10% of newly registered firms had at least one female owner. Of those owners, 70% were widows. The majority of those women had management responsibilities in their firm. Multi-owner firms with at least one female owner display marked differences, in terms of capital, number of partners, family ties, and management, from those run solely by men.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1373-1394
Issue: 8
Volume: 62
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1551364
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1551364
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:62:y:2020:i:8:p:1373-1394




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Swapnesh K. Masrani
Author-X-Name-First: Swapnesh K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Masrani
Author-Name: Carlo Joseph Morelli
Author-X-Name-First: Carlo Joseph
Author-X-Name-Last: Morelli
Author-Name: Amiya Kumar Bagchi
Author-X-Name-First: Amiya Kumar
Author-X-Name-Last: Bagchi
Title: The rise of Indian business in the global context in the twentieth century: A review and introduction
Abstract: 
 The focus of this special edition is on Indian business within its wider global context. Indian business was not immune to influences from the wider world. There is a considerable body of literature that establishes the history of the global interconnectedness of the Indian economy in the 18th and 19th centuries. This special edition of Business History seeks to build on this body of work to locate the development of Indian business in the wider world economy, the practices that have grown from this relationship of exchange and the transfer of knowledge, know-how and competences.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1-17
Issue: 1
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1803282
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1803282
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:1:p:1-17




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Aldous
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Aldous
Author-Name: Tirthankar Roy
Author-X-Name-First: Tirthankar
Author-X-Name-Last: Roy
Title: Reassessing FERA: Examining British firms’ strategic responses to ‘Indianisation’
Abstract: 
 The Foreign Exchange Regulation Act, introduced in India in 1973, was the culmination of efforts to ‘Socialise’ economic policies and ‘Indianise’ corporate ownership. It resulted in a flight of foreign capital as Multinational Enterprises exited India to avoid these risks, finally driving out long-established British commercial interests. This article uses new sources to reassess how British businesses perceived the threats of Indianisation and analyses how they strategically responded to them. It shows that British-owned firms used a diverse range of strategies, some drawing on their extensive experience, knowledge and networks, built through long tenures in India, to adapt successfully.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 18-37
Issue: 1
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1475473
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1475473
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlo Morelli
Author-X-Name-First: Carlo
Author-X-Name-Last: Morelli
Title: Regulating the post-independence textile trade: Anglo-Indian tariff negotiations from independence to the Multi-Fibre Arrangement
Abstract: 
 Based upon UK and Indian government archives the article innovatively informs our understanding of business/state relationships in the areas of the regulation of post-colonial international trade. The abandonment of Imperial Preference for tariff protection in Britain proved problematic in the case of the Indian textile industry, whose entry into the British market, tariff free under Imperial Preference, was being replaced first by quota regulations and then by duties from the early 1970s. This article examines the negotiations between British and Indian textile interests in the period before the Multi-Fibre Arrangement as an environment where conflicting interests were negotiated.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 38-51
Issue: 1
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1517751
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1517751
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ajit Nayak
Author-X-Name-First: Ajit
Author-X-Name-Last: Nayak
Title: Internationalisation of the Indian telecommunication industry (1947–2004): A firm-level perspective
Abstract: 
 While the importance of the telecom revolution in India has been recognised, little attention has been paid to the diverse international influences at the firm level. This article addresses this gap by developing a firm-level framework, drawing on the resource-based view, institution-based view and the knowledge-based view of the firm, and by drawing on data related to the various foreign firms’ entry strategies during the pre-liberalisation period (1980–1991) and the liberalisation period (1991–). The article demonstrates that the two periods required foreign firms to have different capabilities to enter the Indian telecom industry. The article also sheds light on the international knowledge-transfer process in the Indian telecommunications industry with a specific focus on the differences between different foreign-country firms.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 52-71
Issue: 1
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1492553
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1492553
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:1:p:52-71




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christina Lubinski
Author-X-Name-First: Christina
Author-X-Name-Last: Lubinski
Author-Name: Valeria Giacomin
Author-X-Name-First: Valeria
Author-X-Name-Last: Giacomin
Author-Name: Klara Schnitzer
Author-X-Name-First: Klara
Author-X-Name-Last: Schnitzer
Title: Internment as a business challenge: Political risk management and German multinationals in Colonial India (1914–1947)
Abstract: 
 Internment in so-called ‘enemy countries’ was a frequent occurrence in the twentieth century and created significant obstacles for multinational enterprises (MNEs). This article focuses on German MNEs in India and shows how they addressed the formidable challenge of the internment of their employees in British camps during both the First and the Second World War. It finds that internment impacted business relationships in India well beyond its endpoint and that the First World War internment shaped the subsequent perception of and strategic response to the Second World War experience. It is shown that internment aggravated existing staffing challenges, impacted on the perception of racial lines of distinctions and re-cast the category ‘European business’. While internment was perceived and managed as a political risk, the case also shows that it created unexpected networking opportunities, generating a tight community of German businesspeople in India.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 72-97
Issue: 1
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1448383
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1448383
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Neveen Abdelrehim
Author-X-Name-First: Neveen
Author-X-Name-Last: Abdelrehim
Author-Name: Aparajith Ramnath
Author-X-Name-First: Aparajith
Author-X-Name-Last: Ramnath
Author-Name: Andrew Smith
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith
Author-Name: Andrew Popp
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Popp
Title: Ambiguous decolonisation: a postcolonial reading of the IHRM strategy of the Burmah Oil Company
Abstract: 
 This article uses the lens of postcolonial theory to determine the extent to which colonial features persisted in the organisational culture of the Burmah Oil Company (BOC) after decolonisation in South Asia. It does this through an examination of the evolving staffing strategies of the BOC and its South Asian (especially Indian) subsidiaries before and after 1947. Through an analysis of archival material and company literature, we demonstrate that the BOC switched from an ethnocentric to a polycentric-staffing strategy very gradually, with senior managerial positions being occupied by British managers into the 1970s, well after other British MNEs operating in India had already made this transition. We suggest that this persistence of colonial modes of organisation contributed to the BOC’s tense relations with the Indian government, and the latter’s decision to nationalise the firm.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 98-126
Issue: 1
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1448384
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1448384
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Swapnesh K. Masrani
Author-X-Name-First: Swapnesh K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Masrani
Author-Name: Linda Perriton
Author-X-Name-First: Linda
Author-X-Name-Last: Perriton
Author-Name: Alan McKinlay
Author-X-Name-First: Alan
Author-X-Name-Last: McKinlay
Title: Getting together, living together, thinking together: Management development at Tata Sons 1940–1960
Abstract: 
 This contribution analyses internal management development activities at Tata Sons during the 1940s and 1950s in India. The existing literature has concentrated on the establishment of management education programmes at universities, and our understanding of in-company managerial training and development activities remains very limited. The contribution challenges the commonly held assumption that the American influence on Indian higher education in the post-war period was decisive in shaping management education in general. After 1947, Tata Sons continued to look to Great Britain for management development models to build the internal capacities and management culture that would make governing a diversified business group practical.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 127-145
Issue: 1
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1458840
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1458840
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: Philippe Marguerat, Banques et grande industrie: France, Grande-Bretagne, Allemagne (1880–1930) [Banks and big industry: France, Britain, Germany (1880–1930)]
Journal: Business History
Pages: 146-148
Issue: 1
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2017.1354426
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2017.1354426
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:1:p:146-148




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Stella Chiaruttini
Author-X-Name-First: Maria Stella
Author-X-Name-Last: Chiaruttini
Title: Storia del Banco di Sicilia
Journal: Business History
Pages: 149-150
Issue: 1
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1502912
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1502912
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Spoerer
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Spoerer
Title: Dutch capitalism
Journal: Business History
Pages: 151-152
Issue: 1
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1510823
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1510823
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Global Luxury. Organizational change and emerging markets since the 1970s
Journal: Business History
Pages: 153-154
Issue: 1
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1514809
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1514809
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:1:p:153-154




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sedgwick John
Author-X-Name-First: Sedgwick
Author-X-Name-Last: John
Title: The Rise and Fall of the Italian Film Industry
Journal: Business History
Pages: 155-156
Issue: 1
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1517945
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1517945
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roberto Rossi
Author-X-Name-First: Roberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Rossi
Title: Lancashire cotton spinners. A fortune made in the mills
Journal: Business History
Pages: 157-158
Issue: 1
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1519934
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1519934
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:1:p:157-158




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adam Nix
Author-X-Name-First: Adam
Author-X-Name-Last: Nix
Title: Risk and ruin: Enron and the culture of American capitalism
Journal: Business History
Pages: 159-160
Issue: 1
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1527431
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1527431
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:1:p:159-160




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Valeria Pinchera
Author-X-Name-First: Valeria
Author-X-Name-Last: Pinchera
Title: European fashion. The creation of a global industry
Journal: Business History
Pages: 161-162
Issue: 1
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1528033
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1528033
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:1:p:161-162




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Louis Galambos
Author-X-Name-First: Louis
Author-X-Name-Last: Galambos
Title: The Bonanza King: John Mackay and the Battle Over the Greatest Riches in the American West
Journal: Business History
Pages: 163-164
Issue: 1
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1528735
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1528735
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:1:p:163-164




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maurizio Romano
Author-X-Name-First: Maurizio
Author-X-Name-Last: Romano
Title: Multinational business and transnational regions. A transnational business history of energy transition in the Rhine region, 1945-1973
Journal: Business History
Pages: 165-166
Issue: 1
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1530866
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1530866
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:1:p:165-166




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lavinia Parziale
Author-X-Name-First: Lavinia
Author-X-Name-Last: Parziale
Title: Feeding Gotham. The Political Economy and Geography of Food in New York, 1790–1860
Journal: Business History
Pages: 167-168
Issue: 1
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1531471
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1531471
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:1:p:167-168




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Riccardo Semeraro
Author-X-Name-First: Riccardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Semeraro
Title: Between depression and disarmament. The international armaments business, 1919–1939
Journal: Business History
Pages: 169-170
Issue: 1
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1531472
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1531472
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:1:p:169-170




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David E. Andersson
Author-X-Name-First: David E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersson
Title: Innovation and entrepreneurial networks in Europe
Journal: Business History
Pages: 171-172
Issue: 1
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1552410
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1552410
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:1:p:171-172




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patricia Genoe McLaren
Author-X-Name-First: Patricia
Author-X-Name-Last: Genoe McLaren
Title: A new history of management
Journal: Business History
Pages: 173-174
Issue: 1
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1554296
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1554296
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:1:p:173-174




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christian Stutz
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Stutz
Title: History in corporate social responsibility: Reviewing and setting an agenda
Abstract: 
 The integration of historical reasoning and corporate social responsibility (CSR) theorising has recently received remarkable cross-disciplinary attention by business historians and CSR scholars. But has there been a meaningful interdisciplinary conversation? Motivated by this question that presumes significant limitations in the current integration, I survey existing research for the purpose of sketching and shaping historical CSR studies, ie an umbrella that brings together diverse approaches to history and CSR theorising. Drawing from the recent efforts to establish historical methodologies in organisation studies, I first reconcile discrepant disciplinary and field-level traditions to create a meaningful intellectual space for both camps. Secondly, I provide a synthesis of the history of CSR from three different meta-theoretical perspectives in the context of three maturing knowledge clusters. To bridge past and future work, I finally set a research agenda arising from current research and drawing on different sets of assumptions about history and CSR.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 175-204
Issue: 2
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1543661
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1543661
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:2:p:175-204




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Qing Lu
Author-X-Name-First: Qing
Author-X-Name-Last: Lu
Title: Bounded Reliability and the termination of international joint ventures – insights from the Mid-Med Bank, 1975–1979
Abstract: 
 In the late twentieth century, the international joint venture (IJV) became an increasingly important yet unstable organisational form of international business. Based on insights provided by the Mid-Med Bank of Malta during the period 1975-1979, this article argues that the unanticipated termination of IJVs has endogeneity due to the bounded reliability of their partners’ decision makers, developed from the formative stage and influenced by inter/intra organisational relationships along the evolution of the IJVs. The findings thus contribute to our understanding of the nature of bounded reliability, contractual governance and the bargaining process.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 205-224
Issue: 2
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1552679
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1552679
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:2:p:205-224




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Douglas H.L. Brown
Author-X-Name-First: Douglas
Author-X-Name-Last: H.L. Brown
Title: ‘The caprice of a local board of guardians’: Geographies of new poor law procurement in England and Wales
Abstract: 
 Following poor law amendment in 1834, unions of parishes bought enormous quantities of goods to feed and clothe their paupers. As institutional poor relief grew dramatically during the nineteenth century, the role of poor law unions as customers in their local economies expanded. Suppliers were not subject to central government’s rules, so the unions to whom they sold enjoyed some freedom in their contractual arrangements – in stark contrast to the restrictions surrounding almost every other aspect of unions’ practices. This enabled a unique business atmosphere to develop. Poor law procurement was therefore embedded in social, as well as economic, geographies.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 225-248
Issue: 2
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1563597
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1563597
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:2:p:225-248




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sudhanshu Shekhar
Author-X-Name-First: Sudhanshu
Author-X-Name-Last: Shekhar
Author-Name: Vidyanand Jha
Author-X-Name-First: Vidyanand
Author-X-Name-Last: Jha
Title: Emergence of the small-scale iron foundry industry in Howrah (India), 1833–1913
Abstract: 
 This article explores the emergence of small-scale iron foundries in the Howrah district of India. Based on the empirical findings the article contributes to the debate on indigenous entrepreneurship in colonial India. It shows that indigenous entrepreneurs were critical in the emergence of small-scale iron foundries in Howrah. Thus, it refutes the cultural constraint argument that Indians did not participate significantly in the industrial development during the colonial period. The slow growth of the foundry industry during the early half of the period of this study shows that it was colonial constraints that hindered the industrial development of colonial India. The article further shows that small-scale industries in colonial India emerged in relationship to the large-scale industries. At a more general level, the article points to important dynamics of industry emergence such as backward linkages, spin-off, and inter-firm linkages. The article further supports the classical argument regarding protection to emerging industries.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 249-270
Issue: 2
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1563598
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1563598
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:2:p:249-270




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anders Ögren
Author-X-Name-First: Anders
Author-X-Name-Last: Ögren
Title: The political economy of banking regulation: interest groups and rational choice in the formation of the Swedish banking system 1822–1921
Abstract: 
 We studied the implementation of banking regulation in Sweden from the origin of the commercial banking system until the important Banking Act of 1911. We also looked at the effects of these regulations. We found that regulations were often influenced by banker interests rather than by macroeconomic rationale, to the extent that banking legislation was an endogenous part of the banking business. Regulatory regimes that were rule-based (non-discretionary) and open for competition by providing clear and general benchmarks for establishments were more beneficial for financial and economic development than more protective and discretionary legislation. On the other hand, protective and discretionary legislation went hand in hand with bankers having greater influence on legislation.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 271-291
Issue: 2
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1564281
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1564281
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:2:p:271-291




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sturla Fjesme
Author-X-Name-First: Sturla
Author-X-Name-Last: Fjesme
Author-Name: Neal Galpin
Author-X-Name-First: Neal
Author-X-Name-Last: Galpin
Author-Name: Lyndon Moore
Author-X-Name-First: Lyndon
Author-X-Name-Last: Moore
Title: British IPO directors, 1891–1911
Abstract: 
 Company directors in Victorian Britain have a somewhat dubious reputation. There are claims that directors had little business experience with the directorships obtained mainly via social connections. However, a little experience goes a long way, and boards with experienced directors can place their securities in an initial public offering (IPO) at better prices and can obtain more dispersed ownership than inexperienced boards. We find evidence of network effects – directors attracted investors from firms they had previously floated. These beneficial effects of experience are appreciated by the market; experienced directors are more likely to obtain future positions on IPO boards.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 292-313
Issue: 2
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1569629
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1569629
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:2:p:292-313




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eoin McLaughlin
Author-X-Name-First: Eoin
Author-X-Name-Last: McLaughlin
Author-Name: Paul Sharp
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Sharp
Title: Competition between organisational forms in Danish and Irish dairying around the turn of the twentieth century
Abstract: 
 By 1914, Danish butter had captured a sizeable share of the British market, largely at the expense of Irish suppliers. This is usually attributed to a more successful adoption of the cooperative organisational form, where cultural and legal issues put the Irish at a disadvantage. We argue that there were also significant differences in the private sector in the two countries, where large incumbent proprietary creameries in Ireland were in a stronger position to defend their interests. Even if the cooperatives were able to operate like their Danish counterparts, they would still have faced much tougher competition from proprietary incumbents.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 314-341
Issue: 2
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1575366
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1575366
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:2:p:314-341




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: 50 ans de construction navale en bord de Seine. Les ACSM et leur cité-jardin (1917–1966)
Journal: Business History
Pages: 342-344
Issue: 2
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1475922
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1475922
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:2:p:342-344




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: Decision taking, confidence and risk management in banks from early modernity to the twentieth century
Journal: Business History
Pages: 345-346
Issue: 2
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1475923
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1475923
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:2:p:345-346




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tito Menzani
Author-X-Name-First: Tito
Author-X-Name-Last: Menzani
Title: A global history of co-operative business
Journal: Business History
Pages: 347-348
Issue: 2
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1554299
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1554299
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Douma
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Douma
Title: How Americans kept warm in the 19th century
Journal: Business History
Pages: 349-350
Issue: 2
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1555929
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1555929
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:2:p:349-350




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jelle Bruinsma
Author-X-Name-First: Jelle
Author-X-Name-Last: Bruinsma
Title: Bankers and empire. How Wall Street colonized the Caribbean
Journal: Business History
Pages: 351-352
Issue: 2
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1555932
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1555932
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:2:p:351-352




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Wilcox
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilcox
Title: ‘To save the industry from complete ruin’: Crisis and response in British fishing 1945-1951
Abstract: 
 Fishing is a small, complex and fragmented industry, which arguably exerts political significance disproportionate to its size. This article traces the prolonged period of depression which affected British deep-sea fishing between the wars, and then a more virulent crisis which erupted in the post-war years. It explores how the industry proved unable to respond effectively, requiring intervention from government which followed a similar pattern to that elsewhere in the economy, albeit tailored to the industry’s peculiar circumstances and idiosyncratic nature.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 353-377
Issue: 3
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1576634
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1576634
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:3:p:353-377




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Finn Erhard Johannessen
Author-X-Name-First: Finn Erhard
Author-X-Name-Last: Johannessen
Title: Great expectations: geological theories and technological transfer at Aardal Copperworks in Norway in the first half of the eighteenth century
Abstract: 
 Aardal Copperworks in western Norway was a small royally owned copperworks that operated at an enormous loss during the first decades of the eighteenth century. When the king did not close it down after a short time, he had to choose between two options: 1) trust the director who, based on certain geological theories, predicted that large supplies of copper and other metals were to be found further down in the mountains, or 2) lease the copperworks to English interests who would introduce modern smelting technology based on coal. The king chose the first and his successor or rather the treasury the second. Both were unsuccessful, and Aardal Copperworks became only a minor episode in Norwegian mining history – but nonetheless included spectacular ideas, boundless optimism, extraordinary efforts and a tough reality.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 378-396
Issue: 3
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1576635
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1576635
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:3:p:378-396




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David A. Turner
Author-X-Name-First: David A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Turner
Author-Name: Kevin D. Tennent
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tennent
Title: Progressive strategies of municipal trading: The policies of the London County Council Tramways c. 1891–1914
Abstract: 
 This article explores the role played by municipal traders in the development of fin de siècle London’s tramway system. Influenced by progressive politics, the Highways Committee of the London County Council developed a trading organisation that also had a social mission of improving living and working conditions for tramway users and employees alike. The Committee also enacted major urban change through the Kingsway Tunnel Project, which was an exemplar of their commitment to combining financial and social profit. We conclude that the committee’s mission reflected a deep commitment to social and economic improvement far beyond the transport sphere alone.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 397-420
Issue: 3
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1577823
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1577823
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:3:p:397-420




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fco. Javier Fernández-Roca
Author-X-Name-First: Fco. Javier
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández-Roca
Author-Name: Jesús D. López-Manjón
Author-X-Name-First: Jesús D.
Author-X-Name-Last: López-Manjón
Title: Business must go on: 175 years of an olive oil business beyond firms and families
Abstract: 
 As opposed to most literature on the history of family firms, this article focuses on the continuance of business –products, services, markets– which is not the same as the longevity of the firm, understood as the maintenance of ownership, control or management, or of the business family, with its kinship connections, succession of generations, etc.The article aims at demonstrating how a business can be perpetuated regardless of firms or owning families. For this purpose, it studies the case of an olive oil business related to several families and companies (most of them family firms) from 1857 to the present day. The history of this olive oil business explains how it persisted throughout the years with its factories, products and trademarks being transferred from firm to firm and from owner to owner. The work also underlines how, in this process, each new firm and each new owner claimed the accumulated heritage as their own.The article insists on the continuation of the business activity and highlights the relevance of studying, not only companies and owning families, but the businesses they develop.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 421-442
Issue: 3
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1577824
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1577824
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:3:p:421-442




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Clement Levallois
Author-X-Name-First: Clement
Author-X-Name-Last: Levallois
Author-Name: Ale Smidts
Author-X-Name-First: Ale
Author-X-Name-Last: Smidts
Author-Name: Paul Wouters
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Wouters
Title: The emergence of neuromarketing investigated through online public communications (2002–2008)
Abstract: 
 ‘Neuromarketing’ designates both a developing industry and an academic research field. This study documents the emergence of neuromarketing through the first mention of the term in traditional and new media until the stabilization of the field. Our main interest is to establish whether neuromarketing developed separately as an academic field and as an industry (with knowledge transfer from the former to the latter), or whether it was an act of co-creation. Based on a corpus gathered from a systematic search on the Web, we trace the multiple forms of engagement between academic and commercial communities, echoed but also shaped by reports in traditional and new media. We find that neuromarketing developed an identity through a set of practices and a series of debates which involved intertwined communities of academic researchers and practitioners. This result offers an alternative to the narrative of ‘knowledge transfer’ between academia and the industry and offers a contribution on how to use new kinds of digital sources in business history.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 443-466
Issue: 3
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1579194
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1579194
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:3:p:443-466




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Erik Lakomaa
Author-X-Name-First: Erik
Author-X-Name-Last: Lakomaa
Title: Customer of last resort? The Swedish advertising industry and the government from World War II to the end of the Cold War
Abstract: 
 In connection with World War II, the advertising industry in neutral Sweden began cooperating with the government. This proved beneficial for the industry since blockades and rationing caused the civilian advertising market to almost disappear. After the war, the cooperation continued, albeit primarily regarding military matters. Later, however, the government began procuring advertising and media services on largely commercial grounds. This paper covers the history of the relationship between the advertising industry and the government and provides an analysis of the influence of the public advertising market and cold war institutions on the industry. I find that the government, by acting as a customer of last resort, conserved the industry structure and made it possible for the Swedish advertising cartel to survive World War II, and for the large firms that dominated the industry during most of the century to survive the dissolution of the cartel in 1965.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 467-488
Issue: 3
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1579195
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1579195
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:3:p:467-488




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Catherine Jill Bamforth
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine Jill
Author-X-Name-Last: Bamforth
Author-Name: Malcolm Abbott
Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm
Author-X-Name-Last: Abbott
Title: Entrepreneurs of the sky: Case studies on entrepreneurial learning from the early British aviation industry
Abstract: 
 This study compares and contrasts the career pathways and entrepreneurial behaviour of four successful pioneers of British aviation, to understand the patterns in how they used the means available to them to engage quickly and meaningfully, primarily in an explorative way. The study found particularly in Britain, that communities of practice established through apprenticeships, airshows and hobby groups in the emerging area were important for founding pioneers providing access to resources and knowledge that allowed them to effectively learn. Models of entrepreneurial learning and career development in emerging industries may better demonstrate how experience and learning through communities of practice can contribute to entrepreneurial success.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 489-520
Issue: 3
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1579196
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1579196
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:3:p:489-520




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Smith
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith
Title: Research Handbook on the History of Corporate and Company Law
Journal: Business History
Pages: 521-522
Issue: 3
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1558520
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1558520
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:3:p:521-522




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jim Tomlinson
Author-X-Name-First: Jim
Author-X-Name-Last: Tomlinson
Title: People, Places and Business Cultures, Essays in Honour of Francesca Carnevali
Journal: Business History
Pages: 523-524
Issue: 3
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2018.1558956
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2018.1558956
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:3:p:523-524




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel Levinson Wilk
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Levinson
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilk
Title: Terrence H. Witkowski, A History of American Consumption: Threads of Meaning, Gender, and Resistance
Journal: Business History
Pages: 525-526
Issue: 3
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1565112
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1565112
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:3:p:525-526




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Perchard
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Perchard
Title: Destructive Creation: American Business and the Winning of World War II
Journal: Business History
Pages: 527-528
Issue: 3
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1570636
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1570636
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:3:p:527-528




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Craig Heinicke
Author-X-Name-First: Craig
Author-X-Name-Last: Heinicke
Title: Seasonal variation in production, household composition and earnings in cottage manufacture: Evidence from women weavers employed by a mid-19th century Yorkshire firm
Abstract: 
 This article uses a unique data set to focus on women weavers in mid-19th century Britain. Records from John Murgatroyd and Sons, worsted manufacturers, focus on women weavers in the Halifax, Yorkshire area. Data are consistent with the hypothesis that cottage industry allowed workers to leave their weaving tasks during the peak labor season in agriculture, contributing to the persistence of putting out when the industrial revolution was underway. Seasonal variation of labor and production and payments provides quantitative evidence on the importance of the flexibility of cottage industries. A large variation in household arrangements also illustrates this flexibility.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 529-556
Issue: 4
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1582647
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1582647
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:4:p:529-556




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Korinna Schönhärl
Author-X-Name-First: Korinna
Author-X-Name-Last: Schönhärl
Title: Why does a prestigious emission house emit a loan for a peripheral state? The house of Rothschild and the Greek guaranteed loan of 1833
Abstract: 
 How did bankers make their investment decisions, for example to issue a state loan for a peripheral country? This in-depth case study investigates the question of the Greek loan of 1833, issued by Rothschilds. The main interest is to reconstruct James de Rothschild’s risk perception and decision making process, expressed in the argumentation vis-à-vis his family. The significance of the guarantee of the protecting powers, which was without precedent, is considered by James as well as the competitive situation on the bond market, the relationship of the Rothschilds with leading politicians of the time, and the special significance of Greece in the period of intensive European philhellenism. The paper argues that in-depth studies of bankers’ risk perception are necessary to illuminate the complexity of their decision-making.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 557-573
Issue: 4
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1593373
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1593373
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:4:p:557-573




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juha-Antti Lamberg
Author-X-Name-First: Juha-Antti
Author-X-Name-Last: Lamberg
Author-Name: Sandra Lubinaitė
Author-X-Name-First: Sandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Lubinaitė
Author-Name: Jari Ojala
Author-X-Name-First: Jari
Author-X-Name-Last: Ojala
Author-Name: Henrikki Tikkanen
Author-X-Name-First: Henrikki
Author-X-Name-Last: Tikkanen
Title: The curse of agility: The Nokia Corporation and the loss of market dominance in mobile phones, 2003–2013
Abstract: 
 We investigate how and why the Nokia Corporation failed to develop a successful strategic response to the threats of Apple and Google in the smartphone business and instead worsened its situation through several badly timed decisions. We identify key choices in technology and organisational design that jointly constituted sufficient cause for the abandonment of the mobile phone business. By focusing on choices instead of attributes (e.g. fear or hubris), we make progress in strategic failure research and simultaneously emphasise the strength of oral history methods and the philosophy of history as fruitful starting points for such an inquiry.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 574-605
Issue: 4
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1593964
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1593964
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:4:p:574-605




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laura Maran
Author-X-Name-First: Laura
Author-X-Name-Last: Maran
Author-Name: Lee Parker
Author-X-Name-First: Lee
Author-X-Name-Last: Parker
Title: Non-financial motivations in mergers and acquisitions: The Fiat–Ferrari case
Abstract: 
 Most studies of mergers and acquisitions focus on the financial motivations (‘synergy’) of the acquiring and acquired firms, as well as managers’ self-interest and overconfidence. Few studies consider the contextual contingencies that motivate a merger and acquisition. This study examines non-financial motivations that drove the 1969 Fiat company’s acquisition of the Ferrari company. The financial records and historical context surrounding this acquisition are analysed through an institutional logics framework, examining annual reports, minutes of board meetings and media coverage of the acquisition. The findings suggest the acquisition was driven by family control, brand reputation and professional expertise, and that financial and accounting motivations had only marginal importance.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 606-667
Issue: 4
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1597854
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1597854
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:4:p:606-667




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maiju Wuokko
Author-X-Name-First: Maiju
Author-X-Name-Last: Wuokko
Title: The curious compatibility of consensus, corporatism, and neoliberalism: The Finnish business community and the retasking of a corporatist welfare state
Abstract: 
 This article addresses the apparent paradox of simultaneous neoliberal change and welfare-statist, corporatist continuity by presenting an empirical case study of the advent of neoliberal ideas in Finland in the 1970s and 1980s. The article focuses on the attempts of a free-market think tank, EVA, and the employers’ association, STK, to advance policies such as economic deregulation, international competitiveness, welfare retrenchment, and active social and labour market policies through the neoliberal retasking of the corporatist Finnish welfare state. EVA and the STK utilised seemingly non-neoliberal means, that is an economic policy consensus and tripartite corporatist arrangements, and reformulated their content to better correspond with business interests. Instead of demolition, the outcome has been the redefinition and incremental transformation of the state from a provider of welfare to a promoter of competitiveness, productivity, and employment.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 668-685
Issue: 4
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1598379
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1598379
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:4:p:668-685




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mariusz Lukasiewicz
Author-X-Name-First: Mariusz
Author-X-Name-Last: Lukasiewicz
Title: Early regulation and social organisation on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange, 1887–1892
Abstract: 
 This article documents the early development of rules and social organisation of Africa’s oldest existing stock exchange. Founded in November 1887, a year after southern Africa’s most significant gold discoveries, the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) is analysed in the context of an emerging financial institution in a mineral-driven economy. Exposing underutilised primary material from the JSE and partner financial intermediaries, this investigation provides new details on the local, regional and global development of southern Africa’s capital market during the first age of financial globalisation. Confronted by an uncertain political environment and stakeholders advocating competing visions of corporate organisation, the first five years tested the JSE’s ability to balance the needs of regulation and promoting access to its capital market. The evidence shows that the JSE was not an isolated stock exchange in southern Africa, but an increasingly global institution attracting members and capital from beyond the South African Republic.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 686-704
Issue: 4
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1598380
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1598380
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:4:p:686-704




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Correction
Journal: Business History
Pages: II-II
Issue: 5
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1600278
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1600278
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:5:p:II-II




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Correction
Journal: Business History
Pages: III-III
Issue: 5
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1616418
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1616418
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:5:p:III-III




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aaron Graham
Author-X-Name-First: Aaron
Author-X-Name-Last: Graham
Title: Slavery, capitalism, incorporation and the Close Harbour Company of Jamaica, circa 1800
Abstract: 
 Levels of incorporation of joint-stock companies were far lower between 1790 and 1860 than in the American South, let alone New England and the British Isles, suggesting that slavery had a direct and proportional impact on patterns of incorporation and wider economic development. Examining the foundation of the Close Harbour Company of Jamaica between 1795 and 1803, the first joint-stock company chartered by a colonial legislature in the British West Indies, shows that potential entrepreneurs did not face legal or political obstacles, but rather a range of exogenous and endogenous economic factors arising in part from the conditions of a slave society which discouraged company formation. The effect may have been to exacerbate existing levels of economic backwardness in these islands by cutting off the supplies of capital needed for modernisation, thereby contributing to their underdevelopment.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 705-726
Issue: 5
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1598381
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1598381
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:5:p:705-726




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dimitris P. Sotiropoulos
Author-X-Name-First: Dimitris P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sotiropoulos
Author-Name: Janette Rutterford
Author-X-Name-First: Janette
Author-X-Name-Last: Rutterford
Author-Name: Carry van Lieshout
Author-X-Name-First: Carry
Author-X-Name-Last: van Lieshout
Title: The rise of professional asset management: The UK investment trust network before World War I
Abstract: 
 This article analyses the network of UK closed-end investment trust companies, the early pioneers of diversification before World War I, compiling data from different original sources with regard to their directors’ backgrounds and their characteristics as listed companies. Our results reveal that the majority of these early asset managers were merchants, bankers, lawyers, or accountants. The structure of the network is centralised around a few firms with high board sizes and a few directors with many interlocking directorships within the sector. This is a purely structural effect and cannot be explained by individual firm or director characteristics. Our results also show that investment trusts could not be grouped according to their performance. This means that interlocking directorships were equally possible between good and weak performing investment trusts, suggesting that successful asset management was due to team work and was an outcome of collective decision making at board level.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 826-849
Issue: 5
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1656197
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1656197
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:5:p:826-849




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Jones
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones
Title: Beiersdorf. The Company behind the Brands Nivea, Tesa, Hansaplast & Co
Journal: Business History
Pages: 874-875
Issue: 5
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1613737
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1613737
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:5:p:874-875




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alberto Rinaldi
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Rinaldi
Author-Name: Giulia Tagliazucchi
Author-X-Name-First: Giulia
Author-X-Name-Last: Tagliazucchi
Title: Women entrepreneurs in Italy: A prosopographic study
Abstract: 
 Women entrepreneurs have long been an understudied topic in business history. This article contributes to fill this gap by analysing Italian women’s entrepreneurship from the mid twentieth century to 2016. It is based on a new dataset concerning the profiles of the 80 women who were successful entrepreneurs and became Cavalieri del Lavoro (Knights of Labour), i.e. they were decorated with the Ordine al ‘Merito del Lavoro’ (Order of Merit for Labour), the highest recognition for achievements in the world of business in Italy. The dataset also includes a comparable sample of men who obtained the same award to single out the main similarities and differences between men and women entrepreneurs. This article employs a quantitative prosopographic approach: after presenting some descriptive statistics and some exemplary cases of successful women entrepreneurs, it uses cluster analysis to identify typological groups of women versus men entrepreneurs. The main results show that the institutional context and gender stereotypes slowed down the development of Italian women’s entrepreneurial abilities. Women entrepreneurs tend to cluster in family firms and to have become entrepreneurs by inheritance, whereas they have been handicapped in all other fields relevant to entrepreneurial success: access to education (especially STEM), managerial career, and experience abroad. Nonetheless, women entrepreneurs operated beyond women’s niches tied to the traditional ideology of femininity, e.g. textiles, garment and services. Several women operated in sectors such as chemicals and engineering in which many Italian industrial districts are specialised.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 753-775
Issue: 5
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1642325
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1642325
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tom Donnelly
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: Donnelly
Author-Name: Jason Begley
Author-X-Name-First: Jason
Author-X-Name-Last: Begley
Author-Name: Clive Collis
Author-X-Name-First: Clive
Author-X-Name-Last: Collis
Title: The Rootes group: From growth to take-over
Abstract: 
 This article focuses on how a disparate group of firms was put together by the Rootes brothers in the late 1920s and early 1930s through a series of takeovers and mergers, catapulting the brothers from being simply car dealers to becoming major manufacturers in less than a decade. The article considers the wartime and post-war experiences of the firm, before proceeding to examine why, within a relatively short time, the firm, despite further merger activity, declined in terms of product development, investment and profitability, and was saved from extinction only by being taken over by the American firm, Chrysler.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 727-752
Issue: 5
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1598974
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1598974
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:5:p:727-752




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James M. Wilson
Author-X-Name-First: James M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson
Title: Implementing and operating the Portsmouth Block Mill, 1803–1812
Abstract: 
 The Portsmouth Block Mill is a well-known early industrial concern, but little is known about its management and use. It was built in 1803 as part of Samuel Bentham’s reforms to naval administration and operations. Past research based on an analysis of the machinery considers the Mill as a ‘production line’. Newly found archival materials show staff numbers, hours, work assignments and output. These allow insights into the management of workers, machinery and materials along with insights into overall facility organization. These detailed analyses of the factory’s operations allow inferences about historic factory management practices more generally.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 795-825
Issue: 5
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1645125
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1645125
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:5:p:795-825




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: History of Financial Institutions. Essays in the History of European Finance, 1800–1950
Journal: Business History
Pages: 872-873
Issue: 5
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1594046
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1594046
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:5:p:872-873




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jimmyn Parc
Author-X-Name-First: Jimmyn
Author-X-Name-Last: Parc
Title: Business integration and its impact on film industry: The case of Korean film policies from the 1960s until the present
Abstract: 
 With increasing business integration in cultural industries around the world, it has often been debated whether this process is helpful or harmful. The experiences of the Korean film industry provide an important example in this regard. Over the course of Korea’s film industry, there have been three distinct periods of integration. This article analyses the causes, processes, and their effects. The first one was the result of strict regulations and strong government intervention. The latter two periods exhibit different characteristics: deregulation and pro-competition in a global setting. In fact, integration brought about rather positive effects to the industry when a business-friendly environment prevailed. Based on this study, the results show that integration can be used to enhance the competitiveness of a film industry. The analysis in this article can be useful toward providing a good reference point for establishing cultural policies for the film industry.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 850-867
Issue: 5
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1676234
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1676234
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Croucher
Author-X-Name-First: Richard
Author-X-Name-Last: Croucher
Author-Name: Gunnar Magne Økland
Author-X-Name-First: Gunnar Magne
Author-X-Name-Last: Økland
Title: Women production workers’ introduction into a Norwegian Shipyard 1965–1989
Abstract: 
 We investigate women’s introduction to skilled production jobs in Norway’s largest shipyard, 1965–89, estimating the experiment’s success. We analyse the difficulties experienced in adapting working conditions and culture to the women entrants, using a theoretical industrial relations/occupational health and safety lens. Working conditions resulted in considerable occupational illness among the women. Job tenure was therefore short, helping sustain an intra-occupational gender pay gap. A management-union alliance established and maintained women’s ‘reserve’ and ‘helper’ statuses. Women’s collective voice was highly circumscribed. Our evidence supports previous arguments that social and industrial relations configurations were among Norwegian yards’ problems in responding to powerful global competitive pressures. However, we argue that management-union cooperation, rather than conflict, underlie this experiment’s limited success.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 776-794
Issue: 5
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1642327
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1642327
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:5:p:776-794




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rika Fujioka
Author-X-Name-First: Rika
Author-X-Name-Last: Fujioka
Title: The fashion forecasters: a hidden history of color and trend prediction
Journal: Business History
Pages: 868-869
Issue: 5
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1591668
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1591668
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:5:p:868-869




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Correction
Journal: Business History
Pages: I-I
Issue: 5
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1654654
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1654654
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlo Mari
Author-X-Name-First: Carlo
Author-X-Name-Last: Mari
Title: BIANCHI. Una storia italiana
Journal: Business History
Pages: 870-871
Issue: 5
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1592308
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1592308
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:5:p:870-871




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emilie Bonhoure
Author-X-Name-First: Emilie
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonhoure
Author-Name: David Le Bris
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Le Bris
Title: Did French stock markets support firms of the second industrial revolution?
Abstract: 
 Investing in the Second-Industrial-Revolution (2IR) firms at the beginning of the 20th century exposed investors to strong information asymmetries due to the novelty of these industries and the lack of legal rules on transparency and public accounting. We analysed the firms listed in Paris at the start of the 2IR. Despite the strong informational asymmetries, the Paris financial markets did provide high valuation to firms involved in emerging activities as revealed by higher Tobin’s Q. This result holds when controlling for risk, liquidity, governance and nationality. Results on the dividend yield, nevertheless, do not confirm the support.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 914-943
Issue: 6
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1657409
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1657409
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:6:p:914-943




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Correction
Journal: Business History
Pages: I-I
Issue: 6
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1686824
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1686824
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:6:p:I-I




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: José L. García-Ruiz
Author-X-Name-First: José L.
Author-X-Name-Last: García-Ruiz
Author-Name: Michelangelo Vasta
Author-X-Name-First: Michelangelo
Author-X-Name-Last: Vasta
Title: Financing firms: Beyond the dichotomy between banks and markets
Abstract: 
 This article provides a review of the different streams of literature that have contributed, since the seminal work by Alexander Gerschenkron, to the issue on firms’ financing. We show that, although the traditional dichotomy between bank and stock market is out of date, the Gerschenkronian thesis is still debated. We find that many microeconomic issues have yet to be explored. In particular, the interaction between bank and stock market in financing firms merits further attention. Finally, we show that the combinations of several approaches and the use of new techniques, such as the network analysis, can contribute to provide further results on this topic.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 877-891
Issue: 6
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1767600
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1767600
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:6:p:877-891




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefano Magagnoli
Author-X-Name-First: Stefano
Author-X-Name-Last: Magagnoli
Title: In Chocolate We Trust: The Hershey Company Town Unwrapped
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1048-1049
Issue: 6
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1617306
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1617306
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:6:p:1048-1049




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philipp Kern
Author-X-Name-First: Philipp
Author-X-Name-Last: Kern
Author-Name: Gerhard Schnyder
Author-X-Name-First: Gerhard
Author-X-Name-Last: Schnyder
Title: Corporate networks in post-war Britain: Do finance–industry relationships matter for corporate borrowing?
Abstract: 
 The relationship between interlocking directorates and corporate finance patterns is a widely-researched aspect of the literature on national financial systems. This literature often considers the United Kingdom to be analogous to the United States, without directly investigating the nature and impact of finance–industry relationships. Based on a hand-collected data set covering eight benchmark years between 1950 and 2010, the authors start filling this gap by combining historical narratives, social network analysis, and regression analysis. They investigate whether finance–industry relations affect corporate borrowing patterns differently across time periods. The authors find that network-embedding had an impact on corporate borrowing from the 1950s to 1970s, but not thereafter. They also find that network structure and its function do not always evolve in parallel, highlighting limitations of purely structural approaches to understanding the link between corporate networks and firm behaviour and the importance of the historical idiosyncrasies of each country case.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 966-987
Issue: 6
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1621294
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1621294
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:6:p:966-987




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alberto Rinaldi
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Rinaldi
Author-Name: Anna Spadavecchia
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Spadavecchia
Title: The banking-industry relationship in Italy: large national banks and small local banks compared (1913–1936)
Abstract: 
 Using a large dataset of Italian joint-stock companies, this article analyses the networks of corporate interlocks of the major universal banks and 20 most ‘central’ local banks in a critical period of Italian industrialisation. The networks of the two types of banks were largely independent, with universal banks being affiliated principally to larger concerns in electricity, transport and storage, and financials; and local banks to riskier, younger and smaller firms in light manufacturing. The article then explores whether the bank-industry relationship in Italy reflected the hegemony of banks and followed a bank-control model. Our analysis does not support that view. It rather indicates that interlocking directorates were driven principally by a convergence of interests between banks (monitoring customers) and industrial firms (interested in tapping capital and credit flows), with the latter exerting a slightly higher influence over the former. This significantly differentiates Italy from Germany and the USA, where banks had a more dominant position in the corporate system.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 988-1006
Issue: 6
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1598975
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1598975
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:6:p:988-1006




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anders Perlinge
Author-X-Name-First: Anders
Author-X-Name-Last: Perlinge
Title: International mercantile networks and financial intermediation in nineteenth century Scania (Sweden). Foreign private capital imports and informal credit market imbalances
Abstract: 
 Estimates of informal credit markets in nineteenth century Sweden tend to indicate that debts were much more widespread than claims. If this is not just coincidental – however, these studies are statistically insignificant – further research needs to elucidate whether this is connected with direct private capital imports through regional cities by merchants, and whether they were intermediaries for mercantile credits to the agrarian sector. The outcome indicates a previously unnoticed importance of such capital imports. Credit market estimates from cities need be adjusted somewhat upwards. However, capital flows to the countryside obviously went through established retailers, not directly to farmers.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1030-1047
Issue: 6
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1679768
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1679768
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:6:p:1030-1047




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vera Costantini
Author-X-Name-First: Vera
Author-X-Name-Last: Costantini
Title: Uneven centuries: Economic development of Turkey since 1820
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1052-1053
Issue: 6
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1628165
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1628165
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:6:p:1052-1053




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lina Xu
Author-X-Name-First: Lina
Author-X-Name-Last: Xu
Author-Name: Sophia Ji
Author-X-Name-First: Sophia
Author-X-Name-Last: Ji
Author-Name: Steven Dellaportas
Author-X-Name-First: Steven
Author-X-Name-Last: Dellaportas
Title: The role of institutional entrepreneurship in the development of accounting in the early 20th century in China
Abstract: 
 Relying on the theory of institutional entrepreneurship and Seo and Creed model of human praxis, this article delivers insights on how three institutional entrepreneurs, Xie, Xu, and Pan, mobilised resources (e.g. political position, education, and social connections) to organise an emerging profession and change the way accounting was practised in early 20th century China. Despite tensions among the three institutional entrepreneurs, their collective contribution moved accounting practice to a new level of sophistication to help facilitate economic reform and business development in China. This study illustrates how the accounting entrepreneurs relied on their beliefs to strive for accounting reform and adapt accounting practice to the demands of a changing institutional environment within economic reform. This research enhances knowledge on an important period of accounting history in China, considered to be the beginning of modern accounting development, as well as adding knowledge on accounting development from a human praxis perspective.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1007-1029
Issue: 6
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1676229
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1676229
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:6:p:1007-1029




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefano Ugolini
Author-X-Name-First: Stefano
Author-X-Name-Last: Ugolini
Title: The coevolution of banks and corporate securities markets: The financing of Belgium’s industrial take-off in the 1830s
Abstract: 
 Recent developments in the literature on financial architecture suggest that banks and markets not only coexist, but also coevolve in ways that are non-neutral from the viewpoint of optimality. This article aims to analyse the concrete mechanisms of this coevolution by focussing on a very relevant case study: Belgium (the first Continental country to industrialise) at the time of the very first emergence of a modern financial system (the 1830s). The article shows that intermediaries played a crucial role in developing secondary securities markets (as banks acted as securitisers), but market conditions also had a strong feedback on banks’ balance sheets and activities (as banks also acted as market-makers for the securities they had issued). The findings suggest that not only structural, but also cyclical factors can be important determinants of changes in financial architecture.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 892-913
Issue: 6
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1621293
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1621293
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:6:p:892-913




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Billings
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Billings
Author-Name: Simon Mollan
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Mollan
Author-Name:  Philip Garnett
Author-X-Name-First:  Philip
Author-X-Name-Last: Garnett
Title: Debating banking in Britain: The Colwyn committee, 1918
Abstract: 
 By 1918 the British banking system had reached a degree of maturity and concentration, with a small number of large banks dominating the sector. Political concerns about the rise of financial power led to the appointment of the Colwyn Committee to investigate the amalgamations process, and consider the issue of concentration with reference to the role of banking in the economy. In this article we explore this critical inflection point in British banking history and argue that the Committee’s proceedings reveal that many current concerns about banking correspond to those of a century ago. We also argue that–­contrary to some historical interpretation–the Committee did not ­unequivocally favour financial interests, but rather sought to stabilise organisational change in the sector, and introduce new restrictions on the freedom of banks in respect of amalgamation, as well as supervision and regulation.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 944-965
Issue: 6
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1593374
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1593374
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:6:p:944-965




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pål M. Vik
Author-X-Name-First: Pål M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Vik
Title: Cash and dash: How ATMS and computers changed banking
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1050-1051
Issue: 6
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1626544
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1626544
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:6:p:1050-1051




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Abe de Jong
Author-X-Name-First: Abe
Author-X-Name-Last: de Jong
Author-Name: Philip T. Fliers
Author-X-Name-First: Philip T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Fliers
Author-Name: Gerarda Westerhuis
Author-X-Name-First: Gerarda
Author-X-Name-Last: Westerhuis
Title: Exceptional big linkers: Dutch evidence from the 20th century
Abstract: 
 This article investigates the effects of individual directors for corporate strategies and firm performance over the course of the 20th century for Dutch exchange-listed firms. We apply a multi-method approach on directors with many executive and supervisory roles in multiple firms – so-called big linkers. We first identify exceptional big linkers, board members whose presence is systematically related with firm characteristics. Our approach allows us to identify a number of exceptional individuals who were previously overlooked by business historians. Then we investigate the backgrounds of these exceptional big linkers. We find that their biographies and other archival materials provide explanations for their systematic relation with corporate outcome variables such as performance, debt and investments. Using additional information about these directors, including network centrality, bank relations and family histories, we are able to shed light on the multitude of explanations for the roles of exceptional big linkers.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1144-1174
Issue: 7
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1676736
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1676736
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:7:p:1144-1174




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maxime Merli
Author-X-Name-First: Maxime
Author-X-Name-Last: Merli
Author-Name: Antoine Parent
Author-X-Name-First: Antoine
Author-X-Name-Last: Parent
Author-Name: Cécile Edlinger
Author-X-Name-First: Cécile
Author-X-Name-Last: Edlinger
Title: Portfolio advice before modern portfolio theory: The Belle Epoque of French analyst Alfred Neymarck
Abstract: 
 In this article, we propose an original analysis of advice given by financial analysts prior to WW1. Our article focuses on the writings of A. Neymarck, one of the most popular French analysts in the early 20th Century. The creation of portfolios from a new database composed of the monthly returns of all the security types listed on the official Paris Stock Exchange from 1903 to 1912 has provided results demonstrating that Neymarck correctly identified the risk in a number of sectors. The performances of these portfolios, which were built according to Neymarck’s guidelines, confirm Neymarck’s ranking in terms of both risk and return: the richer the investor, the riskier and the more profitable his portfolio was seen to be. Finally, the Modern Portfolio Theory enables us to pinpoint the few imperfections in Neymarck’s advice, which globally appears to be driven by reliable financial analysis.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1197-1221
Issue: 7
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1676231
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1676231
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:7:p:1197-1221




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Valeria Giacomin
Author-X-Name-First: Valeria
Author-X-Name-Last: Giacomin
Author-Name: Geoffrey Jones
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones
Author-Name: Erica H. Salvaj
Author-X-Name-First: Erica H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Salvaj
Title: Business investment in education in emerging markets since the 1960s
Abstract: 
 This article examines non-profit investments by business in education in emerging markets between the 1960s and the present day. Using a sample of 110 interviews with business leaders from a recently developed oral history database, the study shows that more than three-quarters of such leaders invested in education as a non-profit activity. The article explores three different types of motivations behind such high levels of engagement with education: values driven, context focussed, and firm focussed. The article identifies significant regional variations in terms of investment execution, structure, and impact. In South and Southeast Asia, there was a preference for long-term investment in primary and secondary education. In Africa and Latin America, some initiatives sometimes had a shorter-term connotation, but with high-profile projects in partnerships with international organisations and foreign universities. In Turkey, there was heavy focus on training and the creation of universities. The article concludes by examining the impact of this investment, comparing Chile and India especially. It discusses issues such as the paucity of financial data and the challenges of comparing different types of educational spending, which make robust conclusions hard, but does suggest that although such spending did not resolve major educational roadblocks across the emerging world, it represented a positive overall social gain.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1113-1143
Issue: 7
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1675641
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1675641
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicholas Alexander
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas
Author-X-Name-Last: Alexander
Author-Name: Anne Marie Doherty
Author-X-Name-First: Anne Marie
Author-X-Name-Last: Doherty
Title: Overcoming institutional voids: Maisons spéciales and the internationalisation of proto-modern brands
Abstract: 
 This article explores the role of institutional voids in the internationalisation of proto-modern brands in London from the mid-1820s through to the early 1850s. Internationalising firms addressed institutional deficiencies in the market through the establishment of retail operations identified here as international maisons spéciales and by adopting marketing strategies designed to legitimate their proto-modern brands. Together, these organisational and strategic marketing responses enabled firms to overcome institutional voids and shape market norms. These mutually supporting organisational and marketing innovations occurred at a much earlier date than the literature currently suggests.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1079-1112
Issue: 7
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1675640
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1675640
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:7:p:1079-1112




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Catherine Brégianni
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine
Author-X-Name-Last: Brégianni
Title: Before the neoliberal turn: The rise of energy finances and the limits of US foreign economic policy
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1228-1229
Issue: 7
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1649064
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1649064
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:7:p:1228-1229




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maki Umemura
Author-X-Name-First: Maki
Author-X-Name-Last: Umemura
Title: Making medicine a business: X-ray technology, global competition, and the transformation of the Japanese medical system, 1895–1945
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1224-1225
Issue: 7
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1630905
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1630905
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:7:p:1224-1225




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rory M. Miller
Author-X-Name-First: Rory M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Miller
Title: Las empresas extranjeras en Argentina desde el siglo XIX al siglo XXI
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1237-1238
Issue: 7
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1675935
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1675935
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:7:p:1237-1238




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jon Stobart
Author-X-Name-First: Jon
Author-X-Name-Last: Stobart
Title: Luxurious Citizens. The Politics of Consumption in Nineteenth-Century America
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1235-1236
Issue: 7
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1669273
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1669273
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:7:p:1235-1236




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Davide Bagnaresi
Author-X-Name-First: Davide
Author-X-Name-Last: Bagnaresi
Author-Name: Francesco Maria Barbini
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Barbini
Author-Name: Patrizia Battilani
Author-X-Name-First: Patrizia
Author-X-Name-Last: Battilani
Title: Organizational change in the hospitality industry: The change drivers in a longitudinal analysis
Abstract: 
 The aim of this contribution is to develop an understanding of the trajectories and drivers of organizational change in small and medium hospitality enterprises from the 1920s to the 2010s, focusing on an Italian seaside destination that experienced an enduring success: Rimini. By conducting oral history fieldwork and integrating this with documentary evidence, we reconstructed the organizational models adopted by 42 entrepreneurs, which can be captured by 4 prevailing organizational ideal types: Managerial, Informal, Customized, and Bureaucratic. The findings explain the historical evolution of organizational models in SMEs by focusing on the different role played in each period by specific change drivers, such as generational shift, customer behaviour and competition, between tourist destinations. In addition, they allow an understanding of the process through which the resilience of old organizational models creates a context of functional redundancy, which strengthens the competitiveness of the tourist destination.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1175-1196
Issue: 7
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1676230
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1676230
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:7:p:1175-1196




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vicki Howard
Author-X-Name-First: Vicki
Author-X-Name-Last: Howard
Title: Supermarket USA: food and power in the Cold War farms race
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1233-1234
Issue: 7
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1653525
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1653525
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:7:p:1233-1234




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thomas David DuBois
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: David DuBois
Title: Germany’s colony in China: Colonialism, protection and economic ­development in Qingdao and Shandong, 1898–1914
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1226-1227
Issue: 7
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1647941
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1647941
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:7:p:1226-1227




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoffrey Poitras
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey
Author-X-Name-Last: Poitras
Author-Name: Frederick Willeboordse
Author-X-Name-First: Frederick
Author-X-Name-Last: Willeboordse
Title: The societas publicanorum and corporate personality in roman private law
Abstract: 
 This article demonstrates the often-repeated modern claim that the societas publicanorum had the corporate personality of a joint-stock company with tradeable shares lacks grounding in commercial context and Roman private law. After reviewing the concept of corporate personality and the historical evolution of the Roman societas, the discussion traces the claim of joint-stock personality to unsupported interpretations of the sources, especially In Vatinium [29], by 19th century philologists. An alternative more plausible commercial and legal explanation for the corporate personality of the societas publicanorum is provided by an organisation of Roman tax farming that employed a societas maior connecting a network of societates and familias.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1055-1078
Issue: 7
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1656719
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1656719
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:7:p:1055-1078




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jason Begley
Author-X-Name-First: Jason
Author-X-Name-Last: Begley
Title: Car safety wars: one hundred years of technology, politics, and death
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1230-1232
Issue: 7
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1651968
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1651968
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:7:p:1230-1232




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Grant
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan
Author-X-Name-Last: Grant
Title: Planning and profits: British naval armaments manufacture and the militaryindustrial complex, 1918–1941
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1222-1223
Issue: 7
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1628166
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1628166
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:7:p:1222-1223




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Fernandez-Moya
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernandez-Moya
Author-Name: Nuria Puig
Author-X-Name-First: Nuria
Author-X-Name-Last: Puig
Title: Shaping the rules of the game: Spanish capitalism and the publishing industry under dictatorship (1939–1975)
Abstract: 
 This article examines the development of Spanish capitalism under Franco’s dictatorship (1939–1975) through the interaction between two major actors: the book publishing industry, a fast growing and internationally minded sector, and the Spanish Government. We argue that Spanish publishers, by defending their interests and redefining their strategies in an extremely restrictive and vulnerable environment, strengthened their coordinating capacities while shaping Spain’s economic institutions. The main conclusion of this empirical study is that engaged and/or legitimacy seeking actors can effectively contribute to change the rules of the economic game. We contend that this ability of entrepreneurial actors to shape the rules over time needs to be better integrated into the VOC theoretical framework.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1273-1292
Issue: 8
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1757072
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1757072
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:8:p:1273-1292




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Smith
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith
Title: Venture Capital: An American History
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1471-1472
Issue: 8
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1758396
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1758396
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:8:p:1471-1472




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roman Köster
Author-X-Name-First: Roman
Author-X-Name-Last: Köster
Title: Jacques R. Pauwels, big business and Hitler, Toronto 2017
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1453-1453
Issue: 8
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1695359
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1695359
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:8:p:1453-1453




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicholas Wong
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas
Author-X-Name-Last: Wong
Title: The Market Makers: Creating Mass Market Consumer Durables in Inter-War Britain
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1449-1450
Issue: 8
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1693739
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1693739
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:8:p:1449-1450




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chenxiao Xia
Author-X-Name-First: Chenxiao
Author-X-Name-Last: Xia
Title: State intervention in East Asia’s varieties of capitalism: A case study of the electric power industry in China and Japan, 1882–1951
Abstract: 
 This article studies the history of state intervention in East Asia’s varieties of capitalism through a case study of the electric power industry. The reasons for state intervention in China and Japan, their similarities and differences, and their relative importance are described and analysed. The origin and evolution of the different national models of state–business relations in the two countries are influenced by domestic factors such as national defence and internal unification, as well as external circumstances such as colonialism, occupation, and war.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1309-1326
Issue: 8
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1642326
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1642326
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:8:p:1309-1326




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pasi Nevalainen
Author-X-Name-First: Pasi
Author-X-Name-Last: Nevalainen
Author-Name: Ville Yliaska
Author-X-Name-First: Ville
Author-X-Name-Last: Yliaska
Title: From state-owned smokestacks to post-industrial dreams: The Finnish government in business, 1970–2010
Abstract: 
 While state-owned enterprises (SOEs) used to be considered obsolete tools for governmental intervention in the economy, in recent years governmental intervention in the business sector has re-emerged as a topic of debate. However, scholarship on the changes in and the modernisation of the SOE model is limited. In this article, we examine how the Finnish state’s ownership policy adapted to the requirements of economic globalisation between the 1970s and the 2010s. We show that the attitude towards globalisation was pragmatic and aimed at safeguarding the competitiveness of domestic companies. The state-owned company system was gradually adapted to meet new needs, losing most of its original industrial policy significance. SOEs had to be made competitive and profitable, but company-specific targets depended on the ownership criteria associated with the companies. At the same time, the government paid more attention to supporting research and development in the private sector.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1327-1356
Issue: 8
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1842874
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1842874
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:8:p:1327-1356




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Correction
Journal: Business History
Pages: I-I
Issue: 8
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1985256
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1985256
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Eriksson
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Eriksson
Author-Name: Lena Andersson-Skog
Author-X-Name-First: Lena
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersson-Skog
Author-Name: Josefin Sabo
Author-X-Name-First: Josefin
Author-X-Name-Last: Sabo
Title: National institutions, regional outcomes. The political economy of post-war Swedish regional policy
Abstract: 
 One debate within the varieties of capitalism approach deals with the significance of institutions below the national level. On the basis of a case study of the loan guarantee system, this article deals with the interaction between institutions and regional actors in Sweden during the formation of post-war regional development policy. We conclude that regional economic problems have been addressed through adaptation of national institutions. From an actor perspective, these results correspond with the revised VoC framework which emphasises that state institutions provide both a framework for business activities and a means for pursuing them.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1357-1370
Issue: 8
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1796974
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1796974
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:8:p:1357-1370




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Howard Cox
Author-X-Name-First: Howard
Author-X-Name-Last: Cox
Title: Transnational Corporations and International Production: Concepts, Theories and Effects
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1457-1458
Issue: 8
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1707952
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1707952
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:8:p:1457-1458




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Turner
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Turner
Title: Railway Photographic Advertising in Britain, 1900-1939
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1451-1452
Issue: 8
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1694203
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1694203
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:8:p:1451-1452




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Shanahan
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Shanahan
Author-Name: Susanna Fellman
Author-X-Name-First: Susanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Fellman
Title: Shifts in government business relations: Assessing  change using the restrictive business registers in the OECD, 1945-1995
Abstract: 
 The varieties of capitalism framework highlights the governance of firms’ competitive behaviour as a key aspect of state-business relations. This article examines changes in the scope, intensity and transparency of cartel registers in 13 OECD countries in the half century following World War II. Quantifying these policy aspects over five decades using the OECD’s 2013 New Indicators of Competition Law and Policy reveals changes in government-business relations over time, with different approaches evident in each country. The results reveal complex interactions effect policy in each country and challenge a simple ‘Americanisation’ explanation for changes in cartel policy and the static typology of the VoC literature.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1253-1272
Issue: 8
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1642875
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1642875
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:8:p:1253-1272




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juan Manuel Matés-Barco
Author-X-Name-First: Juan Manuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Matés-Barco
Title: El tabaco y la esclavitud en la rearticulación imperial ibérica (s. XV-XX)
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1459-1461
Issue: 8
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1715558
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1715558
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:8:p:1459-1461




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adam Nix
Author-X-Name-First: Adam
Author-X-Name-Last: Nix
Title: History in the age of abundance? How the web is transforming historical research
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1466-1467
Issue: 8
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1724651
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1724651
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:8:p:1466-1467




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Karolina Hutková
Author-X-Name-First: Karolina
Author-X-Name-Last: Hutková
Title: Provincial Society and Empire: The Cumbrian Counties and the East Indies, 1680-1829
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1475-1476
Issue: 8
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1766208
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1766208
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:8:p:1475-1476




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zoi Pittaki
Author-X-Name-First: Zoi
Author-X-Name-Last: Pittaki
Title: ‘No mutiny will be allowed’: business, the tax system and the Greek version of Mediterranean capitalism during dictatorship, 1967-1974
Abstract: 
 This article analyses the interaction between the system of taxation and business in Greece during the crucial period of the military dictatorship (1967-1974) in order to throw light on the Greek version of Mediterranean capitalism that developed in the post-Second World War framework and how it affected business doing in the country. It will be shown that through this type of capitalism clientelism and ‘shadow’ or informal economic transactions ended up being prevalent features of the current Greek economic reality.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1293-1308
Issue: 8
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1816963
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1816963
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:8:p:1293-1308




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: La désindustrialisation de la Lorraine du fer
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1454-1456
Issue: 8
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1705569
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1705569
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:8:p:1454-1456




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jane Knodell
Author-X-Name-First: Jane
Author-X-Name-Last: Knodell
Title: Financial elites and European banking: historical perspectives
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1464-1465
Issue: 8
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1720964
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1720964
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:8:p:1464-1465




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julie Bower
Author-X-Name-First: Julie
Author-X-Name-Last: Bower
Title: Varieties of capitalism, competition policy and the UK alcoholic beverages industry
Abstract: 
 This article informs a key aspect of the business-government interface; the evolution of competition policy and how firms adapt to it. Drawing on an extensive portfolio of inquiries, what constitutes ‘the market’ and the boundaries of the firm within it is described through the experience of the UK alcoholic beverages industry. In situating competition policy in its historical socio-economic context, this study traces three overlapping eras; family ownership and control, network and conglomerates organisation, and specialisation and financialisation. Issues emerge that inform wider debate, notably the nature of portfolio and network effects, a central and contested theme in contemporary competition policy.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1393-1412
Issue: 8
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1753700
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1753700
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:8:p:1393-1412




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Grietjie Verhoef
Author-X-Name-First: Grietjie
Author-X-Name-Last: Verhoef
Title: ‘Settlers and comrades’. The variety of capitalism in South Africa, 1910–2016
Abstract: 
 The complexities of business in Africa are illustrated through the case study of economic and business development of the different countries. By the time decolonisation brushed across Africa from the late 1950s, South Africa enjoyed political independence under white rule, controlling a viable economy based on mineral and industrial capitalism. This article shows the change in a powerful state-capitalist nexus from mining to the industry to ethnic or race-based ‘empowerment’. Contesting nationalisms between Afrikaners and loyal British imperial sympathisers, constituted the rationale for inward-looking economic policies for national economic development. The formation of unstable coalitions for market co-ordination managed market distortion to faci­litate the development of the leading modern industrial economy in Africa, while the rest of independent Africa experimented with central planning, socialism and state-capitalism. This study illustrates the peculiarity of capitalist development in Africa, specifically South Africa, considering the particular institutional contexts and broad business environment in which business acts strategically. South African business proactively engaged in a dynamic state/business relationship from national capitalism under minority rule, to an unstable balance of majority black capitalism, socialist worker welfare capitalism and tribal communalism. The manifestation of an unstable but unique state-business nexus involving market and non-market elements, adds innovation to the VoC framework.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1413-1446
Issue: 8
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1796972
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1796972
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Niall G. MacKenzie
Author-X-Name-First: Niall G.
Author-X-Name-Last: MacKenzie
Author-Name: Andrew Perchard
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Perchard
Author-Name: Christopher Miller
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Miller
Author-Name: Neil Forbes
Author-X-Name-First: Neil
Author-X-Name-Last: Forbes
Title: Business-government relations and national economic models: A review and future research directions in varieties of capitalism and beyond
Abstract: 
 This special issue complements and extends existing work in business history to show how the discipline can contribute to the Varieties of Capitalism (VoC) literature. The work in this collection delves deeper into our understanding of how VoC emerge and continue through the prism of business-government relations as the two principal actors in capitalist development. The focus of much of the existing canon on varieties of capitalism is centred on aggregated models of institutional environments. We take the cue from emerging work on the state and business in business history then to consider what this means for VoC, and to what end. In doing so, this collection bridges a number of different literatures, including those in business and economic history, economics, development studies, political economy and political science, to consider how ‘varieties of capitalism’ (VoC) shape, and are structured by, government-business relations over time.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1239-1252
Issue: 8
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1924687
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1924687
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Keith Fleming
Author-X-Name-First: Keith
Author-X-Name-Last: Fleming
Title: Making managers in Canada, 1945-1995: companies, community colleges, and universities
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1468-1470
Issue: 8
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1757589
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1757589
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:8:p:1468-1470




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miguel A. López-Morell
Author-X-Name-First: Miguel A.
Author-X-Name-Last: López-Morell
Title: The origins of modern banking in Spain the role of monetary plurality
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1473-1474
Issue: 8
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1758399
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1758399
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:8:p:1473-1474




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kosmas Tsokhas
Author-X-Name-First: Kosmas
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsokhas
Title: Paper Emperors: The rise of Australia’s newspaper empires
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1447-1448
Issue: 8
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1690202
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1690202
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:8:p:1447-1448




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Lagneau-Ymonet
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Lagneau-Ymonet
Title: In the Red and In the Black. Debt, Dishonor, and the Law in France between Revolutions
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1462-1463
Issue: 8
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1718352
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1718352
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:8:p:1462-1463




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Beatriz Rodriguez-Satizabal
Author-X-Name-First: Beatriz
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodriguez-Satizabal
Title: Only one way to raise capital? Colombian business groups and the dawn of internal markets
Abstract: 
 What was the relationship between the sources of capital and the creation of internal markets in business groups in Colombia? A detailed history of the evolution of ownership schemes and capital structure of the 25 largest Colombian business groups between 1950 and 1975 answers this question. The business history and varieties of capitalism literatures have identified this organisational structure as one of the key characteristics of Latin American business and economic development. Business groups in Colombia have been key players since the second half of the twentieth century, when they adopted a new organisational structure that allowed the internalisation of capital provided by new financial legislation promoted by the World Bank. Analysis of previously unknown historical evidence explains the capital structure of the group-affiliated firms. Examples of specific groups illustrate the analysis.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1371-1392
Issue: 8
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1796973
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1796973
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:8:p:1371-1392




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rui Shi
Author-X-Name-First: Rui
Author-X-Name-Last: Shi
Title: Fabricating transnational capitalism: A collaborative ethnography of Italian-Chinese global fashion
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1477-1479
Issue: 8
Volume: 63
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1776450
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1776450
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:63:y:2021:i:8:p:1477-1479




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: Entreprises dans la tourmente
Journal: Business History
Pages: 201-203
Issue: 1
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1753289
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1753289
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:1:p:201-203




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maciej Tymiński
Author-X-Name-First: Maciej
Author-X-Name-Last: Tymiński
Title: Managers in the command economy: Case studies from Poland, 1956-1970
Abstract: 
 In the Soviet-type centrally planned economies the enterprise was an element of a centralised hierarchical structure, where managers faced pressures for the fulfilment of the plan. The plan could be interpreted as a kind of contract inside the hierarchical organisation; therefore, this study applies the contractual approach to examine the strategies of socialist managers in Poland, showing that their behaviours were similar to those of mid-level managers in U-form corporations. It is also stressed that managers preferred safe strategies, moving on to more risky ones only when it was necessary in order to fulfil the plan.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 156-182
Issue: 1
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1687686
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1687686
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:1:p:156-182




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Scott
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott
Title: General Motors’ other franchise system: Creating an effective distribution model for Frigidaire
Abstract: 
 Using a case-study of General Motors’ Frigidaire division, this study shows that differences in market conditions for refrigerators and cars, together with the weaker asset specificity of dealers’ physical and other capital, made the opportunistic model used for its auto division impracticable for refrigerators. Frigidaire instead focused on developing symbiotic relationships, based on licensing not only the product and brand name, but also a sophisticated package of business services and training - to encourage dealer conformity and ‘buy-in’ to their formal and informal control systems. Informal controls are shown to have been crucial to incentive alignment and knowledge transfer, underpinned by a vigorous socialization strategy, to build trust and social control and cohesion. This strategy succeeded in getting franchisees and their employees to view themselves as part of the Frigidaire organisation and created the necessary flexibility for Frigidaire’s network to rapidly respond to changing market and competitive conditions during the 1930s.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 183-200
Issue: 1
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1714594
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1714594
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:1:p:183-200




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rafael Vallejo Pousada
Author-X-Name-First: Rafael
Author-X-Name-Last: Vallejo Pousada
Author-Name: Carlos Larrinaga
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Larrinaga
Title: Travel agencies in Spain during the first third of the 20th century. A tourism business in the making
Abstract: 
 This article analyses travel agencies as tour operators in Spain during the first third of the 20th century. It gives an account of the bibliography available, the sources used and those which can be used. Thanks to the digitalized press, a Media Intensity Index of Travel Agencies is presented that approximates their activity cycles during this period. We analyse its implementation and development through these identified stages. As this work shows, from the mid-1920s onwards, travel agencies in Spain were an important part of the country’s ‘tourism industry’, of the tourist organization and of the nascent Spanish tourism system.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 98-117
Issue: 1
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1685503
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1685503
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:1:p:98-117




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Samuel Garrido
Author-X-Name-First: Samuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Garrido
Title: Cooperatives, opportunism and quality product: Why the early Spanish cooperative wineries produced ordinary wine
Abstract: 
 Cooperative wineries have always produced mostly low quality wine. Since they began to receive abundant state subsidies in the period following the Second World War, they have produced a substantial part of all European wine, but prior to that their market share was low. This article discusses whether both the specialisation of the first Spanish cooperative wineries in the production of ordinary wine and its poor market penetration was a result of their inability to prevent members from carrying out opportunistic behaviours. It contends that cooperative wineries were in fact capable of fighting opportunism and that producing ordinary wine was the best option for the vast majority of them, even though they did not manage to offer winegrowers advantages that were significant enough to offset the inconveniences of being members.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 118-133
Issue: 1
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1685504
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1685504
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:1:p:118-133




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marta Gasparin
Author-X-Name-First: Marta
Author-X-Name-Last: Gasparin
Author-Name: William Green
Author-X-Name-First: William
Author-X-Name-Last: Green
Author-Name: Christophe Schinckus
Author-X-Name-First: Christophe
Author-X-Name-Last: Schinckus
Title: Shaping success through creative failure: A historical sensemaking analysis of the computerisation of the UK financial market
Abstract: 
 This article draws on the concept of sensemaking and sensegiving to examine how the failure of a project, TAURUS, influenced the successful development of an innovative security settlement system, CREST, which has shaped the computerisation of the wholesale UK financial industry. We use a historiographic interpretative approach to analyse publicly available documents, via three theoretical constructs that have emerged from combining business history and organisational studies literature. First, we define historical sensegiving as the ability to shape contextually the way others make sense of complex historical situations. Second, we establish the sensemaking of failure, which is the ability to make sense of failure in a historical context. Finally, we find that historical enactment supports the creation of structures and events by bracketing them in a historical context. We coin the term ‘creative failure’ to characterise how failure can be reimagined as a route to creative success through a sensemaking process.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 134-155
Issue: 1
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1686819
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1686819
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:1:p:134-155




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Espen Ekberg
Author-X-Name-First: Espen
Author-X-Name-Last: Ekberg
Title: Creating Global Shipping Aristotle Onassis, the Vagliano Brothers, and the Business of Shipping, c.1820–1970
Journal: Business History
Pages: 204-205
Issue: 1
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1804663
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1804663
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:1:p:204-205




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jim Tomlinson
Author-X-Name-First: Jim
Author-X-Name-Last: Tomlinson
Author-Name: Jim Phillips
Author-X-Name-First: Jim
Author-X-Name-Last: Phillips
Author-Name: Valerie Wright
Author-X-Name-First: Valerie
Author-X-Name-Last: Wright
Title: De-industrialization: a case study of Dundee, 1951–2001, and its broad implications
Abstract: 
 Using a case study of one Scottish city, Dundee, this article addresses some of the tensions involved in the use of the concept of ‘de-industrialization’. Widely used to try to understand economic and social change in the post-war years, this term is complex and controversial. This article unravels some of this complexity, arguing that the term is potentially very helpful, but needs careful definition, nuanced application and recognition of its limits. The focus here is on the impact of changing industrial structures on the labour market. After analysing the processes of firm births and deaths, the study looks at the decline of the ‘old staple’ industry, jute manufacturing in Dundee. The next sections assess the role of multinational enterprises in re-shaping the employment structure of the city, before looking at the contraction of some of the city’s other industries. Attention then turns to the impact of all these changes on the economic welfare of the city. The final section draws conclusions about our general understanding of de-industrialization from the Dundee case.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 28-54
Issue: 1
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1676235
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1676235
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:1:p:28-54




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alexandra D. Ketchum
Author-X-Name-First: Alexandra D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ketchum
Title: Cooking the books: Feminist restaurant owners’ relationships with banks, loans and taxes
Abstract: 
 This article examines how feminist restaurant and café owners in the 1970s and 1980s in the United States and Canada challenged management hierarchies, serving practices, and typical restaurant structure. Despite facing a political and economic system that was hostile to women’s business ownership (particularly for women of colour and lesbians), the owners of feminist restaurants and cafés, crafted creative solutions to create the kinds of spaces they wanted. The owners founded these establishments even if it meant having to bend the laws, such as skirting health codes or manipulating tax statuses to their own advantage. While feminist restaurants and cafés challenged capitalism, they still had to be part of the economy. Bolstered by the oral history and archival analysis, this article re-centres feminist entrepreneurialism and challenges narratives of post-war feminism.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1-27
Issue: 1
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1676233
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1676233
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:1:p:1-27




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robin Mackie
Author-X-Name-First: Robin
Author-X-Name-Last: Mackie
Title: Succession and inheritance in Scottish business families, c.1875–1935
Abstract: 
 This article explores the dynamics of succession and inheritance in Scottish business families during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Making use of the unusual quality of Scottish testamentary records, it explores the management of succession within family firms, focussing on the relationship between the choices made by business owners, their family circumstances, and the future of their firms. Taking the ‘family-centred’ approach to business development used by historians such as Morris, Owens and Barker for the period of the industrial revolution in England as a starting point, it argues that a broader understanding of inheritance can explain business succession, and that the control and ownership of family firms was changed by the uses made of limited liability.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 55-74
Issue: 1
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1676236
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1676236
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:1:p:55-74




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mercedes Fernández-Paradas
Author-X-Name-First: Mercedes
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández-Paradas
Author-Name: Alberte Martínez-López
Author-X-Name-First: Alberte
Author-X-Name-Last: Martínez-López
Author-Name: Jesús Mirás-Araujo
Author-X-Name-First: Jesús
Author-X-Name-Last: Mirás-Araujo
Title: The gas companies in Spain, a long-run approach (1842–2018)
Abstract: 
 The article aims to analyse the evolution of gas companies in Spain from their starting point in the middle of the nineteenth century (when the business was limited to public lighting), up until the complexity of the present day. This process is divided into three main stages according to the general context of the sector. In each period, the profile of the companies will be established, as well as their market and the institutional constraints and strategies that were adopted by the companies to overcome those challenges. We found that most of the peculiar features of the Spanish case history were shared with other Southern European countries. Among others, we outline the delay and low dissemination, the scarcity and high cost of coal, the lack of capital, the technology and know-how and the strong presence of foreign companies.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 75-97
Issue: 1
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1683162
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1683162
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:1:p:75-97




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Silvia A. Conca Messina
Author-X-Name-First: Silvia A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Conca Messina
Author-Name: Catia Brilli
Author-X-Name-First: Catia
Author-X-Name-Last: Brilli
Title: Agriculture and nobility in Lombardy. Land, management and innovation (1815-1861)
Abstract: 
 This article aims to reassess the contribution of the nobility in the nineteenth-century economic transformation of Lombardy in northern Italy, focusing on its role in agricultural development. Relying on ongoing archival research into thousands of documents such as correspondence, notarial deeds, probate records, accounting books, the article attempts to demonstrate that noblemen acted in an entrepreneurial manner, supported the progress of techniques and innovation, and played a leading role in the modernisation of the sector. The article reconsiders the contribution of noble families both to the enhancement and management of their lands and to the elaboration and application of agricultural innovation.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 255-279
Issue: 2
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1648435
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1648435
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:2:p:255-279




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Niklas Jensen-Eriksen
Author-X-Name-First: Niklas
Author-X-Name-Last: Jensen-Eriksen
Author-Name: Saara Hilpinen
Author-X-Name-First: Saara
Author-X-Name-Last: Hilpinen
Author-Name: Annette Forsén
Author-X-Name-First: Annette
Author-X-Name-Last: Forsén
Title: Nordic noblemen in business: The Ehrnrooth family and the modernisation of the Finnish economy during the late 19th century
Abstract: 
 This article explores the role of nobility in the modernisation of Finland during the late 19th century. We focus on the Ehrnrooths, undoubtedly the most famous noble business dynasty in the country. We find that some members of this old military family were especially successful in expanding their inherited economic, social, and cultural capital as well as combining traditional and modern values and behaviour. These abilities helped them to create a wide portfolio of industrial and financial assets. The Ehnrooths took and managed risks and invested in emerging business areas. In short, they were both entrepreneurs and noblemen.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 385-404
Issue: 2
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1828868
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1828868
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:2:p:385-404




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Takeshi Abe
Author-X-Name-First: Takeshi
Author-X-Name-Last: Abe
Author-Name: Izumi Shirai
Author-X-Name-First: Izumi
Author-X-Name-Last: Shirai
Author-Name: Takenobu Yuki
Author-X-Name-First: Takenobu
Author-X-Name-Last: Yuki
Title: Socio-economic activities of former feudal lords in Meiji Japan
Abstract: 
 In the early stage of Japanese industrialisation after 1886, the former feudal lords, known as daimyo, played an important role as pioneers in equity investments in modern industries with their huge assets. In addition, when their ex-retainers attempted to establish modern enterprises, the daimyo often invested in their businesses. Moreover, the daimyo often provided opportunities for well-educating young people in their former fiefs. After explaining the daimyo in the Meiji period, this article first elucidates how the daimyo promoted equity investments in modern industries. Second, this study analyses the socio-economic activities of one of the main daimyo, Tsugaru Tsuguakira in the Tsugaru region, as a particular example.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 405-433
Issue: 2
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1828354
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1828354
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:2:p:405-433




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roberto Tolaini
Author-X-Name-First: Roberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Tolaini
Title: The Genoese nobility: Land, finance and business from restoration to the First World War
Abstract: 
 The article analyzes the role played by the nobility in the modernization of Genoa, one of the poles of Italian economic development. After the Napoleonic era, in which the city suffered huge financial losses, a part of the aristocracy regained the ability to accumulate capital, thanks to urban income and to agrarian revenues. Since the fifties many nobles, in collaboration with the emerging middle class, took part in the renewal of city economy. Their contribution was significant in the modernization of infrastructure, bank and credit, while it was less relevant in industry, although the interest grew over time.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 297-326
Issue: 2
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1801644
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1801644
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:2:p:297-326




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Eugenia Mata
Author-X-Name-First: Maria Eugenia
Author-X-Name-Last: Mata
Title: Exemplifying aristocratic cross-border entrepreneurship before WWI, from a Portuguese perspective
Abstract: 
 The usual idea that European aristocracy lived from land revenue needs to be complemented. Often the aristocracy was not so alien to business as the literature sometimes has claimed. Contrary to the popular image of non-entrepreneurial aristocracy, the to Portuguese nobility financial business was not considered an unsavoury way of life, and aristocrats were actually quite active in business. Trade, brokerage, and profits could provide a very elegant gentlemanly condition, which coupled with military activities in Portugal or overseas, a really noble way of life. For the management of the overseas empire, cross-border investment, financial business, and marriage strategies were means and instruments for social mobility, in a society based on clear social cleavages resulting from the differentiation between common labourers and the highest social strata, which comprised respectable merchants and bourgeois traders. Marriage illustrates financial, and gender strategies, for social mobility, and status.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 280-296
Issue: 2
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1727447
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1727447
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:2:p:280-296




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paolo Tedeschi
Author-X-Name-First: Paolo
Author-X-Name-Last: Tedeschi
Title: The noble entrepreneurs coming from the bourgeoisie: Counts Bettoni Cazzago during the nineteenth century
Abstract: 
 The aim of this contribution is to highlight the entrepreneurial activities managed by the family of the Counts Bettoni Cazzago. In their land properties they cultivated both high added value goods (lemons and olive oil) and products with lower market value (such as wine, wheat and maize). They also invested in silkworm breeding and they varied the management methods of their farms in relation to the different cultivated crops and they organised the distribution of their production. They created an efficient distribution network in Europe as well as new companies (including a rural cooperative) which allowed them to reduce their selling expenses.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 239-254
Issue: 2
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1653283
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1653283
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:2:p:239-254




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Silvia A. Conca Messina
Author-X-Name-First: Silvia A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Conca Messina
Author-Name: Takeshi Abe
Author-X-Name-First: Takeshi
Author-X-Name-Last: Abe
Title: Noblemen in business in the nineteenth century: the survival of an economic elite?*
Abstract: 
 This editorial introduces the 10 articles included in the special issue on ‘Noblemen-entrepreneurs in the Nineteenth Century. Investments, Innovation, Management and Networks’. The collected works focus on the business activities of noblemen in Europe and Asia, thus offering up opportunities for comparison in an age of economic expansion and globalisation. What was the contribution of the nobility to the economy? Can we consider noblemen to have been endowed with an entrepreneurial spirit? What differences or similarities can we draw between the European and Asian elites? In this introduction, we give a synthetic overview of the relevant issues in the broad topic of the collection and their importance to business history, and briefly present the accepted articles. As two of the articles deal with the Japanese case, while the others focus on Europe, we have dedicated specific sections to the European and Japanese nobilities.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 207-225
Issue: 2
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1972974
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1972974
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:2:p:207-225




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniela Felisini
Author-X-Name-First: Daniela
Author-X-Name-Last: Felisini
Title: Far from the passive property. An entrepreneurial landowner in the nineteenth century Papal State
Abstract: 
 Relying on various primary sources, this article aims to explore the experience of the Roman Prince Alessandro Torlonia as entrepreneurial landowner during the nineteenth century. The analysis of two specific cases in different areas of the Papal State will be used to identify the peculiar features of Torlonia agrarian entrepreneurship that granted him high profitability. His experience is even more interesting if considered in the light of the backward context of the country, on the economic periphery of Europe; at the same time it suggests a reconsideration of the consolidated vision of absolute immobilism of the area.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 226-238
Issue: 2
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1597853
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1597853
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:2:p:226-238




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Monika Poettinger
Author-X-Name-First: Monika
Author-X-Name-Last: Poettinger
Title: An aristocratic enterprise: the Ginori porcelain manufactory (1735–1896)
Abstract: 
 This study analyses the history of the Ginori porcelain manufactory, from its foundation owing to the entrepreneurial effort of the marquis Carlo Ginori in the 1730s to the merger with the ‘Società Ceramica Richard’ in 1896. The aristocratic entrepreneurship marked the manufactory with some atypical traits in accountancy, administration, succession, and strategic decisions that persisted for all the century and a half during which it remained in the hands of the Ginori family. The history of the Ginori manufactory so highlights a kind of entrepreneurship neglected by historiography.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 359-384
Issue: 2
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1801643
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1801643
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:2:p:359-384




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Begoña Giner
Author-X-Name-First: Begoña
Author-X-Name-Last: Giner
Author-Name: Amparo Ruiz
Author-X-Name-First: Amparo
Author-X-Name-Last: Ruiz
Title: Family entrepreneurial orientation as a driver of longevity in family firms: a historic analysis of the ennobled Trenor family and Trenor y Cía
Abstract: 
 This study uses family entrepreneurial orientation to explain longevity and trans-generational value creation in Trenor y Cía., a Spanish family firm that remained in business for over three generations from 1838 to 1926. While the entrepreneurial view of the family was evident under the patriarch’s leadership, this was more remarkable when the second-generation introduced innovative industrial processes; furthermore, the family was actively engaged in other firms, before, during and after Trenor y Cía. When the Trenors managed to integrate into the Spanish nobility through marriage, the ennobled-entrepreneurs did not change their attitudes towards business and contributed to economic progress. The Trenor family also pursued non-financial goals to maintain socioemotional wealth, and played a key role in both society and politics. This analysis contradicts the view that family firms are often a burden for progress and confirms that they have bivalent attributes that can be managed to achieve net benefits.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 327-358
Issue: 2
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1801645
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1801645
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:2:p:327-358




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shunsuke Nakaoka
Author-X-Name-First: Shunsuke
Author-X-Name-Last: Nakaoka
Title: A gateway to the business world? The analysis of networks in connecting the modern Japanese nobility to the business elite
Abstract: 
 This paper addresses questions seeking to clarify the nature of personal networking between modern Japan’s wealthy economic elite and the Japanese nobility. In particular, to explore whether the social connections between the wealthy and the nobility led to changes in behaviour and formation of social ties, the marriages between the wealthy economic elite and the Japanese aristocracy, will be the focus of this study. The general overview, the motives, causes and effects of marriage alliances will be explored. And the examination of the cases of aristocratic elite who entered into business through the choice of entrepreneurial occupation will be presented.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 434-455
Issue: 2
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1828353
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1828353
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:2:p:434-455





Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Véronique Pouillard
Author-X-Name-First: Véronique
Author-X-Name-Last: Pouillard
Author-Name: Waleria Dorogova
Author-X-Name-First: Waleria
Author-X-Name-Last: Dorogova
Title: Couture ltd: French fashion’s debut in London’s west end
Abstract: 
 Between the 1890 s and the 1920s, several leading Parisian couture businesses, spearheaded by the house of Paquin, expanded to London to exploit the idiosyncratic advantages of British commerce and clientele. Most of these houses opened branch stores there and formed limited liability companies according to English law, but each strategized their expansions with a distinct individuality. This article explores Franco–British relations in the arena of high-end dressmaking, as well as the economic structures inherent to the early and rapidly expanding couture businesses, by analyzing a series of unpublished business records held in both British and French archives. These cases shed new light on the balance between commerce and creativity in French fashion and offer firsthand accounts of an internationalized couture market in its formative stages.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 587-609
Issue: 3
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1724286
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1724286
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:3:p:587-609



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paloma Fernández Pérez
Author-X-Name-First: Paloma
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández Pérez
Title: X-ray contrast agent technology. A revolutionary history, by Christoph de Haën, Boca Raton/London/New York, CRC Press-Taylor & Francis Group, 2019, xi +326 pp., (hardback), ISBN 978-1-138-35164-6 show [zaq no="AQ1"]
Journal: Business History
Pages: 628-628
Issue: 3
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1821940
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1821940
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:3:p:628-628



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robrecht Declercq
Author-X-Name-First: Robrecht
Author-X-Name-Last: Declercq
Title: A return ticket to the world market? The Leipzig fur industry, internationalism and the case of the International Fur Exhibition (IPA) in 1930
Abstract: 
 This article examines the participation of German businesses in interwar trade exhibitions, focusing on a case study of the 1930 International Fur Exhibition in Leipzig. The central hypothesis of the article is that trade exhibitions, as vehicles of internationalism, were perceived as an instrumental strategy of post-war world market readmission for particular sectors and industries. It shows how the message of internationalism and international cooperation was believed to generally improve the position of German businesses. In the case of the IPA, fur businesses in Leipzig buried global commercial ambitions behind claims that the exhibition would facilitate the exchange of information, innovations and practices that would benefit the international fur business as a whole. The IPA also served more regional and local political and economic interests, as part of an effort to re-design regional economic structures in a newly conceptualised economic space called ‘Mitteldeutschland’ with Leipzig as a central commercial-industrial hub.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 610-625
Issue: 3
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1736045
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1736045
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:3:p:610-625



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joaquín Ocampo Suárez-Valdés
Author-X-Name-First: Joaquín
Author-X-Name-Last: Ocampo Suárez-Valdés
Author-Name: Patricia Suárez Cano
Author-X-Name-First: Patricia Suárez
Author-X-Name-Last: Cano
Title: Between the market and the state: Ibáñez, the Marquis of Sargadelos (1749–1809), a Spanish businessman sailing against the tide
Abstract: 
 When Spain began the transition from the Old Regime to liberalism, the business career of the Marquis of Sargadelos was unique. In an institutional scenario in which being a ‘profit seeker’ was an almost indispensable prerequisite to overcoming the steep barriers to the entry of manufacturing initiatives, and in a society where the capital accumulated in commercial and manufacturing ventures was diverted to the purchase of rural land, Ibáñez was an exception to the norm in two senses: first, for his willingness to take a risk on new industries, and second, for his efforts to update the available technology. It is in this sense that he might be described as a ‘Schumpeterian entrepreneur’. The aim of this article is to consider Ibáñez’s business career from a new perspective, both what it has in common with the classical business cycle of the time and the unique features of his industrial initiatives.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 475-490
Issue: 3
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1726892
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1726892
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:3:p:475-490



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: José Antonio Miranda
Author-X-Name-First: José Antonio
Author-X-Name-Last: Miranda
Author-Name: Felipe Ruiz-Moreno
Author-X-Name-First: Felipe
Author-X-Name-Last: Ruiz-Moreno
Title: Selling the past. The use of history as a marketing strategy in Spain, 1900-1980
Abstract: 
 History can represent an effective marketing resource because it can establish an emotional relationship with consumers. This article examines trademark applications in order to show how Spanish companies used the past in their branding strategy during the twentieth century. The article analyses which historical themes were used the most, over which periods, for what types of products and services and according to which Spanish regions. The study indicates that this commercial use of the past was closely linked to the spread of Spanish nationalism. Brands try to connect emotionally with consumers by evoking historical national myths and, therefore, their use increased during the periods of intensive nationalist expression.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 491-510
Issue: 3
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1717473
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1717473
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:3:p:491-510



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robin Pearson
Author-X-Name-First: Robin
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson
Title: The indigenous origins of UK corporate financial accountability: a comment
Journal: Business History
Pages: 583-586
Issue: 3
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1769606
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1769606
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:3:p:583-586



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luis Chirosa-Cañavate
Author-X-Name-First: Luis
Author-X-Name-Last: Chirosa-Cañavate
Author-Name: Juan A. Rubio-Mondéjar
Author-X-Name-First: Juan A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Rubio-Mondéjar
Author-Name: Josean Garrués-Irurzun
Author-X-Name-First: Josean
Author-X-Name-Last: Garrués-Irurzun
Title: Business schools and the Spanish business elite since the mid-twentieth century
Abstract: 
 Literature has emphasized the key role of business schools in spreading US management in Europe after the Second World War but has not found how to quantify its impact on the business systems. With such purpose, this article examines the relations between the pioneer Spanish business schools and the national corporate elite. By combining an institutional approach and social networks analysis, it shows the incidence of business schools on the board of directors of the largest Spanish firms during the second half of the 20th century, and explains their role as centers for business elite reproduction.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 457-474
Issue: 3
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1726893
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1726893
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:3:p:457-474



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juan Ricardo Nazer
Author-X-Name-First: Juan Ricardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Nazer
Author-Name: Manuel Llorca-Jaña
Author-X-Name-First: Manuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Llorca-Jaña
Title: Succession in large nineteenth-century Chilean family businesses
Abstract: 
 This article analyses the process of succession in three large Chilean family businesses between c.1860s-1940s, whose combined wealth was 10% of Chilean GDP. Although there is no general theory of succession planning in family firms, the most common reasons for why succession fails or succeeds have been identified in the specialised literature. We have contrasted the evidence we found in our three case studies against the theories available. The theories underpinning effective successions are supported by the case studies under analysis: timely selection and training of a competent successor; a reduced number of heirs; strategically arranged marriages; and family harmony. Some of the theories behind succession failure are also borne out by the existing evidence: family rivalries; adverse external economic shocks; conflicts between the family and the government; lack of commitment on the part of the heirs to the continuity of the business; unskilled successors taking over; early deaths from illness. Two further underlying elements can be identified from the Chilean case studies: fragmentation of the capital of the group; and the fashion for family members to spend time in Europe as rentiers.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 511-536
Issue: 3
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1717471
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1717471
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:3:p:511-536



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Trevor Burnard
Author-X-Name-First: Trevor
Author-X-Name-Last: Burnard
Title: The overseers of early american slavery: supervisors, enslaved labourers and the plantation enterprise
Journal: Business History
Pages: 631-632
Issue: 3
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1823026
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1823026
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:3:p:631-632



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juan Carmona-Zabala
Author-X-Name-First: Juan
Author-X-Name-Last: Carmona-Zabala
Title: German economic power in Southeastern Europe: The case of Reemtsma and the Greek tobacco merchants (1923-1939)
Abstract: 
 This article explains how the firms involved in tobacco trade between the largest producer and consumer of Oriental-type tobacco (Greece and Germany) adapted their strategies in response to the economic environment of the interwar period, which was characterised by increased economic étatism, high barriers to trade, and generalised economic depression. The leading firm of Germany’s cigarette industry Reemtsma adopted innovative strategies for sourcing its raw material, while Greek leaf merchants turned to collective action and political advocacy in response to international competition and labour activism. The history of these strategies exemplify the interplay between politics and business decisions. It also provides a concrete example of how German economic power over southeastern Europe in the interwar period manifested itself in a specific industry.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 537-557
Issue: 3
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1717472
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1717472
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:3:p:537-557



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chantal S. Game
Author-X-Name-First: Chantal S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Game
Author-Name: Lisa M. Cullen
Author-X-Name-First: Lisa M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Cullen
Author-Name: Alistair M. Brown
Author-X-Name-First: Alistair M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown
Title: Origins resting behind banking financial accountability of paragraphs 78 to 82 of the First Schedule of the Companies Act 1862 (UK)
Abstract: 
 Applying tenets of legal origin theory, this paper traces the origins of banking financial accountability resting behind paragraphs 78 to 82 of the First Schedule of the Companies Act 1862 (UK), where the timely disclosure of a balance sheet and statement of income and expenditure to stakeholders are scrutinised. Comparative legal analysis of 503 banking enactments of the US, Canada and England during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries reveals that expectations of formal accounts raised by the Companies Act 1862 (UK) were informed by the Colombia Banking Act 1817 (CO) in the US, the Canadian Mauritius Regulations 1830 and the Joint Stock Banks Act 1844 (UK).
Journal: Business History
Pages: 558-582
Issue: 3
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1718109
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1718109
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:3:p:558-582



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: La politique pétrolière de la France de 1861 à 1974 à travers le rôle de la compagnie privée Desmarais frères
Journal: Business History
Pages: 629-630
Issue: 3
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1763039
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1763039
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:3:p:629-630



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martha Elizabeth Garavito
Author-X-Name-First: Martha Elizabeth
Author-X-Name-Last: Garavito
Title: La industrialización en bogotá entre 1830 y 1930: un proceso lento y difícil
Journal: Business History
Pages: 626-627
Issue: 3
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1812800
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1812800
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:3:p:626-627

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kristin Ranestad
Author-X-Name-First: Kristin
Author-X-Name-Last: Ranestad
Title: State reforms in early modern mining: Røros copperworks and the role of workers managers, investors and the state in business development
Abstract: 
 State reforms adopted in the 1680s prevented the largest copperworks in the Oldenburg Monarchy, Røros, from shutdown. The changes ensured supply deliveries and regular wage payments through spread of ownership, delegating more responsibilities to the Director and managers and introducing complex control mechanisms and state monitoring of the accounts and daily tasks. They appear relatively advanced and may well have been a forerunner in the European context. Why were the reforms adopted, and why were the regulations formed this way? Miners, smelters and farmers all had a role in the implementation of these reforms. They organised themselves in an early form of union and demanded regular wage payments and better terms of work. Two Royal Commissions were staffed by a handful of state officials, which meticulously went through the accounts, regulations and organisation of Røros and in the main acknowledged the interests of the workers. The increased state involvement was related to the Kings Frederick III and Christian V’s economic interests in Røros who were inspired by mercantilist thoughts of the time.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 831-853
Issue: 4
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1797681
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1797681
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:4:p:831-853



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anna Soulsby
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Soulsby
Title: Foreign direct investment and the undertow of history: Nationhood and the influence of history on the Czech-German relationship
Abstract: 
 Since the fall of Communism in 1989, the Czechs have received considerable foreign direct investment from Germany. But the historical relationship between the Czechs and Germans has long been a difficult one. The legacy of the past still overshadows the relationship between the Czech Republic and Germany even after the accession of the Czech Republic to the European Union. The article examines how Czech managers in a joint venture with a German organization drew upon narratives and metaphors of the history of their relationship and historical stereotypes of German behaviour rather than economic explanations to understand and explain their experience of a failed joint venture.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 727-754
Issue: 4
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1784878
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1784878
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:4:p:727-754



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Victor Zheng
Author-X-Name-First: Victor
Author-X-Name-Last: Zheng
Author-Name: Po-san Wan
Author-X-Name-First: Po-san
Author-X-Name-Last: Wan
Title: Chinese culture and banyan-tree style family businesses: The enterprising family of Lo Ying-shek in Hong Kong
Abstract: 
 This article argues that culture and physical environment shape the patterns and development of family businesses, and determine their operational logic and controlling mechanism. The geography, religious beliefs, socio-cultural contexts, as well as family ideals, relationships, and inheritance systems of China differ from those of Japan and Britain. Thus, one can expect that the patterns and development paths of Chinese family businesses would also differ. A case in Hong Kong was selected for a multi-dimensional examination. It was found that geographical and socio-cultural factors matter in the development of family businesses. In the Chinese context a family business can grow like a banyan tree—with luxuriant aerial roots and intertwining branches, reflecting competition as well as support between family members. The study contributes insights to the understudied subject of the special development patterns of Chinese family businesses from the angles of business principles, socio-cultural contexts, and the environment.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 633-654
Issue: 4
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1727448
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1727448
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:4:p:633-654



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pierre van der Eng
Author-X-Name-First: Pierre
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Eng
Title: Chinese entrepreneurship in Indonesia: A business demography approach
Abstract: 
 This article analyses the demography of 1,600 registered firms owned and/or operated by ethnic Chinese businessmen in Indonesia during 1890–1940 in search of generalisable indications of Schumpeterian entrepreneurship. The population of firms increased significantly from 1890, before many went out of business in the 1920s and a new generation of firms and entrepreneurs emerged. By 1910 most firms were active in trade, but this categorisation takes insufficient account of their diverse business activities. During 1910–1940 the share of firms in other industries increased. Several were active in finance, taking deposits and financing business ventures. In the 1930s, the average equity value of the enterprises more than doubled, reflecting diversification into more capital-intensive operations, particularly manufacturing. These changes in the population of firms refute the perception that ethnic Chinese businessmen were not Schumpeterian entrepreneurs.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.12254018.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 682-703
Issue: 4
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1788542
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1788542
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:4:p:682-703



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Victoria Barnes
Author-X-Name-First: Victoria
Author-X-Name-Last: Barnes
Author-Name: Lucy Newton
Author-X-Name-First: Lucy
Author-X-Name-Last: Newton
Title: Women, uniforms and brand identity in Barclays Bank
Abstract: 
 The article focuses on the British banking sector in the late twentieth century. It explores the approach of the managers of Barclays Bank, who in contrast to their competitors, decided to use female staff at the forefront of their strategy to increase business and to improve customer perceptions of the bank within its branches. In particular, we explore the decision to place women on the ‘shop floor’, to sell financial services and to dress them in a corporate uniform. Special clothing is often seen as a symbolic representation of an organization’s identity and culture. The article examines the way in which managers used female employees and their femininity as a device to attempt to build stronger customer relationships that eventually became part of a wider branding exercise.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 801-830
Issue: 4
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1791823
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1791823
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:4:p:801-830



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Antonie Doležalová
Author-X-Name-First: Antonie
Author-X-Name-Last: Doležalová
Author-Name: Hana Moravcová
Author-X-Name-First: Hana
Author-X-Name-Last: Moravcová
Title: Czechoslovak film industry on the way from private business to public good (1918-1945)
Abstract: 
 Based on archival materials examined for the first time, this study reveals the process of monopolisation of the film industry in interwar Czechoslovakia. The study analyses (1) the narrative surrounding the state involvement in the film business and (2) the structure and effects of the government subsidies to the film production. The study shows (1) that the narrative emphasized the national-educational and national-consciousness role of film and (2) that the practice which the system of state support established made it possible to finance the production of Czechoslovak films. At the same time, the increasing level of state intervention during the Protectorate led to the rapid completion of the monopolisation of the industry.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 781-800
Issue: 4
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1751822
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1751822
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:4:p:781-800



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ryo Izawa
Author-X-Name-First: Ryo
Author-X-Name-Last: Izawa
Title: Corporate structural change for tax avoidance: British multinational enterprises and international double taxation between the First and Second World Wars
Abstract: 
 This study demonstrates the actual impact of international double taxation on the management of British multinational enterprises between the First and Second World Wars. In particular, it focused on tracing the process by which the tax-minimisation strategy affected corporate-level strategy. In three cases examined using corporate archival sources, the companies reorganised their corporate legal structure for tax avoidance. Yet the effects on their management were not uniform. (1). The corporate structural change for tax avoidance of Rio Tinto and Silica Gel Corporation did not alter the extant corporate strategy. (2). Tax strategy of Imperial Continental Gas Association entailed changing extant corporate strategy. (3). The legal structure of Unilever gradually and unintentionally influenced the extant corporate strategy. These heterogeneous responses of the firms imply that the institutional pressure of a tax law does not always lead to organisational isomorphism and can affect the corporate-level strategy over time.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 704-726
Issue: 4
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1727890
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1727890
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:4:p:704-726



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aleksandra Wąsowska
Author-X-Name-First: Aleksandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Wąsowska
Title: Organisational development in the context of radical institutional change: the case study of Poland’s Ursus
Abstract: 
 The case study presented here relates to Ursus – one of the world’s oldest makers of agriculture tractors. Founded in the late 19th century, and nationalised in the inter-War period, Ursus became one of the success stories of communist-era Poland. This denoted that, when the transition to a market economy took place, the enterprise came to typify state-owned ‘dinosaurs’. However, once Poland had acceded to the European Union, Ursus was acquired by a family firm and began to increase its international presence rapidly once again. This paper therefore revisits the processes whereby the state firms of post-communist economies underwent organisational transformation; and sheds light on the non-linear nature of its subject’s development process, unfolding in the context of radical institutional change.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 755-780
Issue: 4
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1743689
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1743689
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:4:p:755-780



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lingyu Kong
Author-X-Name-First: Lingyu
Author-X-Name-Last: Kong
Author-Name: Florian Ploeckl
Author-X-Name-First: Florian
Author-X-Name-Last: Ploeckl
Title: Modern Chinese banking networks during the Republican Era
Abstract: 
 Using a novel dataset of bank boards, this study reconstructs the Chinese banking network in the 1930s. The core of the sector was a cluster of more than 100 banks linked through a dense network of interlocking directorates, including large core banks under the control of the national government. We trace the shape, structure, and development of links within this network from 1933 to 1936 and demonstrate the persistence of this web despite the high volatility of links and directors. New entrants were closely linked to established banks, often through directors involved with multiple institutions. Those directors also formed part of the national government’s growing influence over the sector through links with publicly owned banks. This study demonstrates that despite high volatility and uncertainty, the domestic financial sector wove a close web of interdependence, which the government then used to reinforce control gained from nationalising core banks.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 655-681
Issue: 4
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1754801
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1754801
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:4:p:655-681

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Birgitte Beck Pristed
Author-X-Name-First: Birgitte Beck
Author-X-Name-Last: Pristed
Title: Point of no return: Soviet paper reuse, 1932–1945
Abstract: 
 The article examines Soviet paper reuse as an ideological, economic daily practice, implemented through the advanced, but hitherto undescribed Soiuzutil’waste collecting system by the early 1930s as the reverse side of Stalinist industrialization. It argues that Soiuzutil’waste paper handling attempted to form a new socialist collective by reworking old print while cultivating citizens as classless scrap-collectors, for the sake of an (ir)rational resource optimization. While World War II intensified recycling efforts among the Allied and Axis powers, invasion and evacuation damaged Soviet waste collection to a point where no return of paper into a centralized system was possible. War forced printers and consumers to retreat to local self-supply networks, as paper remained a crucial, yet scarce resource. By analyzing technical-educational literature and correspondence of the reutilization offices, the article demonstrates the changing attitudes in the Stalinist war economy, the industries, and the population towards mobilizing and saving paper.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 946-962
Issue: 5
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1842875
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1842875
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:5:p:946-962



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ilaria Suffia
Author-X-Name-First: Ilaria
Author-X-Name-Last: Suffia
Title: Imperial standard: Imperial oil, exxon, and the Canadian oil industry from 1880
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1001-1002
Issue: 5
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1823305
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1823305
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:5:p:1001-1002



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chad B. Denton
Author-X-Name-First: Chad B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Denton
Title: Korean kuzuya, ‘German-style control’ and the business of waste in wartime Japan, 1931-1945
Abstract: 
 This article shows how wartime conditions transformed the waste business in Japan. Hygiene regulations from 1900 to the 1920s followed by an influx of Korean migrant labour disrupted the traditional waste trade. The conquest of Manchuria opened up new export markets for Japanese waste and increased the demand for munitions, causing scrap metal prices to skyrocket. These new economic conditions created opportunities for Korean-owned waste businesses. In 1938 the Japanese Ministry of Commerce and Industry imposed a control system on kuzuya scrap dealers consciously modelled on Nazi Germany to keep scrap prices as low as possible and to prevent criminal activity through extensive surveillance. These price controls privileged wholesalers and harmed waste-pickers; Koreans remained in the trade because of their cheap labour. Economic mobilization under conditions of total war after 1941 temporarily rehabilitated the marginalized image of kuzuya in government propaganda, but the end of the war shattered that illusion.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 904-922
Issue: 5
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1857739
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1857739
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:5:p:904-922



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Thorsheim
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Thorsheim
Title: Trading with the enemy? The flow of scrap between Britain and Germany from pre-war rearmament to post-war reconstruction
Abstract: 
 Ferrous scrap is a vital ingredient in the manufacture of steel, and it constitutes a strategic material of the greatest significance in modern warfare. During the late 1930s, Britain exported considerable quantities of scrap metal to Nazi Germany, a trade which subsequently proved embarrassing and which officialdom sought to obscure. Following the Second World War, Britain obtained large amounts of iron and steel from Western Germany, much of which it took—often surreptitiously—as war booty. Historians have paid relatively scant attention to this flow of scrap, yet it had important economic, strategic, and diplomatic consequences. Two reasons for this lack of attention are the overwhelming influence that the US and the USSR played in shaping the fate of postwar Germany, and a tendency of British policymakers and historians to support an overly simplified narrative that contrasted Western beneficence toward their former enemy with Soviet rapaciousness.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 963-983
Issue: 5
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1774558
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1774558
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:5:p:963-983



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christoph Viebig
Author-X-Name-First: Christoph
Author-X-Name-Last: Viebig
Title: Nothing succeeds like failure: the sad history of american business schools
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1003-1005
Issue: 5
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1826640
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1826640
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:5:p:1003-1005



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chad Denton
Author-X-Name-First: Chad
Author-X-Name-Last: Denton
Author-Name: Heike Weber
Author-X-Name-First: Heike
Author-X-Name-Last: Weber
Title: Rethinking waste within business history: A transnational perspective on waste recycling in World War II
Abstract: 
 Waste and its reuse have constituted an important field of economic activity for most of human history, including modern times. While the collected articles of this special issue exemplify the significance that waste salvage had in mobilising resources in Europe, Asia, and North America in World War II, this introduction situates these cases in a long-term perspective. It explores the continuities and ruptures inside the structures, markets, and actors of the salvage business from late nineteenth century waste reclamation, including the sanitary era of municipal waste disposal, to the more recent era of ‘green’ recycling. It argues that we need to rethink waste’s role within business history by delineating four basic characteristics of the waste business: the moral economies that govern wasting and reusing; the informality of the trade and its operations; the trans-sectorality of the waste streams; and the reverse logistics of the waste salvage trade.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 855-881
Issue: 5
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1919092
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1919092
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:5:p:855-881



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Macve
Author-X-Name-First: Richard
Author-X-Name-Last: Macve
Title: A history of corporate financial reporting in Britain
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1006-1009
Issue: 5
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1838043
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1838043
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:5:p:1006-1009



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alex Souchen
Author-X-Name-First: Alex
Author-X-Name-Last: Souchen
Title: Recycling war machines: Canadian munitions disposal, reverse logistics, and economic recovery after World War II
Abstract: 
 This article examines how the Canadian state disposed of surplus munitions and supplies after World War II. It makes three related arguments. First, mass production during the war created a post-war disposal crisis that compelled the government to regulate the divestment of assets for political and economic purposes. Second, through a government-run company, the War Assets Corporation (WAC), the Canadian state established a system of reverse logistics that recouped value from depreciating assets and prevented a flood of goods from deflating the economy. Third, the WAC oversaw destruction programmes that either eliminated or scrapped the unsellable remainders. In the end, this process recycled secondary resources into peacetime production and expanded material conversions to ensure that all types of war surpluses were profitability diffused into civilian hands. However, reversing wartime logistics was not without a dark side, rife with acrimony over prices and sales restrictions, as well as significant environmental degradation.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 984-1000
Issue: 5
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1796976
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1796976
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:5:p:984-1000



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Heike Weber
Author-X-Name-First: Heike
Author-X-Name-Last: Weber
Title: Nazi German waste recovery and the vision of a circular economy: The case of waste paper and rags
Abstract: 
 In Nazi Germany (1933–45), reclaiming waste became an intrinsic component of the regime’s economy as well as its ideological, racial, and expansionist ambitions. National Socialist interventions into waste streams began in 1934 with salvage campaigns. The state then brought urban waste policies and municipal waste services under its control, restructuring and ‘Aryanising’ the waste salvage trade. Moreover, both consumers and producers were prompted to collect and reprocess waste. Over time, the gradual expansion of the Nazi waste recovery policies and campaigns – here referred to as the ‘Nazi waste exploitation regime’ – brought forth a determined vision of a circular economy in which no waste whatsoever should escape its reclamation for the national community or Volksgemeinschaft. This article sketches the actors, structures, and objectives of this waste exploitation regime for the case of rags and paper and uncovers its entanglement with Nazi racist and genocidal ideology and expansionism.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 882-903
Issue: 5
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1918105
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1918105
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:5:p:882-903



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Kim
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Kim
Title: The brassware industry and the salvage campaigns of wartime colonial Korea (1937-1945)
Abstract: 
 The collective memory inscribed in Korean history books recalls when the Japanese colonial state requisitioned brassware from Korean households during World War II. This study explores the complex mechanism behind these campaigns. Copper was a scarce commodity in the Japanese empire. The colonial brassware industry expanded but struggled due to fluctuating copper prices before the war. To overcome the reluctance of Koreans to part with their brassware, the colonial state had to coordinate various actors across multiple organisations, provide ceramic replacements, and establish a system of financial payments. The Japanese also ultimately created a ‘brass bureaucracy’ capable of carrying out the sensitive task of removing copper from Korean households. The Korean case reminds us that institutional frameworks are necessary for wartime salvage. Finally, brassware collections also resulted in fundamental changes in Korean society and everyday material culture that require careful analysis. (141 words)
Journal: Business History
Pages: 923-945
Issue: 5
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1918106
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1918106
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
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Author-Name: María Fernández-Moya
Author-X-Name-First: María
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández-Moya
Title: Victorian literary businesses. The management and practices of the british publishing industry
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1178-1179
Issue: 6
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1890317
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1890317
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:6:p:1178-1179



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
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Author-Name: Christian Velasco
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Velasco
Title: Monopoly and competition: the Kenyan commercial banks at the end of the colonial period (1954–1963)
Abstract: 
 The article analyses the competition between commercial banks in colonial Kenya for the control of government accounts and their attempts to end the monopoly of the National Bank of India acting as the government bank. Banking institutions in colonial Kenya have been categorised by the current investigations on economic and business history as immobile, conservative institutions involved in collusion. However, using unexplored archival material, this article challenges the existing literature showing the limits of collusive practices, the dynamic competition between commercial banks in a time of economic and financial expansion and the important role of the colonial government in shaping the rivalry. The study’s objective is to reconsider the performance of financial institutions during the colonial era and their influence over the government. In doing so, this investigation concludes that the absence of consistent legislation over the banks and the British government’s limited influence in the colony allowed local interests to prevail over the objectives of Barclays DCO, altering the expansion process of the banks during the final years of colonial rule.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1071-1087
Issue: 6
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1744569
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1744569
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:6:p:1071-1087



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
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Author-Name: Shane Hamilton
Author-X-Name-First: Shane
Author-X-Name-Last: Hamilton
Author-Name: Beatrice D’Ippolito
Author-X-Name-First: Beatrice
Author-X-Name-Last: D’Ippolito
Title: From Monsanto to ‘Monsatan’: Ownership and control of history as a strategic resource
Abstract: 
 This historical case study of the multinational agribusiness Monsanto explores the challenges organizations face when attempting to translate a problematic past into strategic gain. We draw on Resource-Based Theory (RBT) to explain how the relative ability to own and control history as an intangible resource enables or constrains effective managerial deployments of history. Our analysis explores three modes of using the past strategically: learning from the past, selectively interpreting the past, and disowning the past – the latter of which we demonstrate is distinct from existing conceptualizations of  ‘forgetting’,  ‘rubbishing’, or  ‘distancing’ the past. Our analysis builds on RBT to explain why some modes of deploying history are more effective than others at enabling a strategic use of the past. The ambiguous nature of owning and controlling history, we contend, conditions the extent to which each mode of deploying history can or cannot produce strategic gains.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1040-1070
Issue: 6
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1838487
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1838487
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:6:p:1040-1070



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Author-Name: Sebastian Huempfer
Author-X-Name-First: Sebastian
Author-X-Name-Last: Huempfer
Title: Post-War business planners in the United States, 1939–48: The rise of the corporate moderates
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1172-1173
Issue: 6
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1846840
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1846840
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:6:p:1172-1173



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
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Author-Name: Nuria Puig
Author-X-Name-First: Nuria
Author-X-Name-Last: Puig
Title: The Routledge companion to makers of global business
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1182-1183
Issue: 6
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1918832
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1918832
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:6:p:1182-1183



Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
# input file: catalog-resolver-1703054802495256155.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220713T202513 git hash: 99d3863004
Author-Name: Emmanuel Onah
Author-X-Name-First: Emmanuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Onah
Author-Name: Chinwe Okoyeuzu
Author-X-Name-First: Chinwe
Author-X-Name-Last: Okoyeuzu
Author-Name: Chibuike Uche
Author-X-Name-First: Chibuike
Author-X-Name-Last: Uche
Title: The nationalisation of British banks in post-colonial Tanzania: Did the banks’ net capital export position and home government support influence compensation negotiation outcomes?
Abstract: 
 Using materials from three relevant archives, this article explores the 1967 Nationalisation of the banking industry in Tanzania with particular focus on the three British banks that dominated the sector. Although it is widely agreed that prompt, adequate, and effective compensation should be paid for such nationalisations, studies in this arena have rarely focused on the contestations that impact on the definition and operationalisation of what constitutes fair compensation. This article explores the above dynamics using the Obsolescing Bargaining Power Theory. Evidence in this article suggests that the bargaining position of foreign multinational banks is stronger when they are net exporters of capital from their host countries. Also, the negotiating position of the British banks was further strengthened by the overt and covert support they received from the British Government.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1088-1109
Issue: 6
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1786536
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1786536
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# input file: catalog-resolver-663596341718239389.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220713T202513 git hash: 99d3863004
Author-Name: Thomas David DuBois
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas David
Author-X-Name-Last: DuBois
Title: Unending capitalism: How consumerism negated China's Communist Revolution
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1174-1175
Issue: 6
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1878663
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1878663
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# input file: catalog-resolver1546291613072242840.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220713T202513 git hash: 99d3863004
Author-Name: Mark Billings
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Billings
Title: Boom and bust: a global history of financial bubbles
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1180-1181
Issue: 6
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1913792
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1913792
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# input file: catalog-resolver-9085754747529973590.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220713T202513 git hash: 99d3863004
Author-Name: Jean-Loup Richet
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Loup
Author-X-Name-Last: Richet
Title: A loose coupling perspective on Ancient Egypt economy and society
Abstract: 
 A large body of literature assumes that Ancient Egypt’s economy and society were tightly and hierarchically coupled. However, a detailed understanding of complexity in Ancient Egypt eludes us. Widening the scope of business History towards ancient eras, this article intends to showcase a paradoxical view; using Orton and Weick’s reconceptualization of loose coupling theory, we aim to nuance the traditional view of Ancient Egypt’s economy by providing examples of its looseness. Our study examines detailed accounts of the causes of loose coupling, direct effects and compensations, and the outcomes of loose coupling in Ancient Egypt.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1149-1171
Issue: 6
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1754802
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1754802
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# input file: catalog-resolver-6447119619184132224.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220713T202513 git hash: 99d3863004
Author-Name: Valerio Cerretano
Author-X-Name-First: Valerio
Author-X-Name-Last: Cerretano
Title: Autarky, market creation and innovation: Snia Viscosa and Saici, 1933-1970
Abstract: 
 This article reviews the history of Snia Viscosa and its moves into the production of staple fibres and cellulose (as well as allied chemicals) between 1933 and 1970. This is a neglected but crucial episode in the business as well as industrial history of Italy and feeds into a variety of debates, most notably the nature and impact of autarky. This article confirms that autarky stimulated innovation via scale economies rather than a demand-induced effect. It also seems to show that, while redistributing resources also towards giant firms not directly involved in the war effort, autarky led to an overexpansion of technologies which were overtaken by wholly synthetic fibres, in the production of which Snia Viscosa lagged behind. One strength of the article lies in its extensive sources.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1110-1130
Issue: 6
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1750599
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1750599
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# input file: catalog-resolver1847482348604745234.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220713T202513 git hash: 99d3863004
Author-Name: Pasi Nevalainen
Author-X-Name-First: Pasi
Author-X-Name-Last: Nevalainen
Title: Promoting monopoly: AT&T and the politics of public relations, 1876–1941, by Karen Miller Russell
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1176-1177
Issue: 6
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1885522
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1885522
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:6:p:1176-1177



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# input file: catalog-resolver7657637486427208242.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220713T202513 git hash: 99d3863004
Author-Name: Brian D. Varian
Author-X-Name-First: Brian D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Varian
Title: Protection and the British rayon industry during the 1920s
Abstract: 
 The Finance Act of 1925 imposed upon rayon yarn an excise duty of 1 s. per lb. and an import duty of 2 s. per lb. This article argues that the difference between the excise and import duties was not intended as classic protection. Rather, the difference was intended only to indemnify British producers for the excise-wrought decline in domestic consumption by means of an offsetting reduction of imports. This article then estimates that, had the rayon duties been removed in 1926, the share of imports in Britain’s growing consumption of rayon yarn would have increased from one-tenth to at least one-quarter. Trade policy had secured the domestic market for British rayon firms prior to the formation of an international cartel in 1927. More broadly, this article instantiates that trade policy was considerably distorting the British market for manufactured goods well before the landmark Import Duties Act of 1932.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1131-1148
Issue: 6
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1753699
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1753699
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# input file: catalog-resolver6694921629609249548.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220713T202513 git hash: 99d3863004
Author-Name: Juha-Antti Lamberg
Author-X-Name-First: Juha-Antti
Author-X-Name-Last: Lamberg
Author-Name: Jari Ojala
Author-X-Name-First: Jari
Author-X-Name-Last: Ojala
Author-Name: Jan-Peter Gustafsson
Author-X-Name-First: Jan-Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Gustafsson
Title: Strategy and business history rejoined: How and why strategic management concepts took over business history
Abstract: 
 Scholars at the intersection of business history and strategic management have argued for the relevance and importance of historical methods in the study of strategic management of organizations. We flip this argument and ask about the role of strategic management concepts in the study of business history. We analyze volumes of Business History and Business History Review and a representative sample of business history books using a comprehensive set of keywords, each related to a specific sub-discourse in strategic management. Our results show that as scientific communities, business history and strategic management have become increasingly similar in their conceptual overlap. This study contributes further nuance to the understanding of intellectual change across scientific communities, and the role of business history in the rise of management and organizational history.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1011-1039
Issue: 6
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1856076
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1856076
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# input file: FBSH_A_1918833_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Ignazio Cabras
Author-X-Name-First: Ignazio
Author-X-Name-Last: Cabras
Title: Becoming the World’s Biggest Brewer: Artois, Piedbouef and Interbrew (1880-2000)
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1388-1389
Issue: 7
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1918833
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1918833
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# input file: FBSH_A_1781817_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Matthew Hollow
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew
Author-X-Name-Last: Hollow
Title: A Wesleyan work ethic? Entrepreneurship and Weber’s protestant work ethic in the case of Isaac Holden, c. 1807–1897
Abstract: 
 In recent years, business historians have started to become more interested in the relevance of Max Weber’s Protestant Work Ethic thesis. This article builds on this recent work by providing an in-depth case study of the career of the Wesleyan wool entrepreneur Isaac Holden (c. 1807–97) in order to assess and evaluate the usefulness of Weber’s work for our understanding of the ways in which religious beliefs can influence commercial decision-making. Ultimately, what it suggests is that, whilst Weber’s work offers a valuable starting point for business historians looking to explore the links between religion and business, there is a need for more consideration to be given not only to the theological differences that existed between different branches of Protestantism, but also the informal institutional pressures and constraints that influenced Protestant entrepreneurs in the past.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1346-1368
Issue: 7
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1781817
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1781817
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# input file: FBSH_A_1920112_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Lily Geismer
Author-X-Name-First: Lily
Author-X-Name-Last: Geismer
Title: The Education Trap: Schools and the Remaking of Inequality in Boston
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1390-1391
Issue: 7
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1920112
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1920112
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# input file: FBSH_A_1894134_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Robert J. Bennett
Author-X-Name-First: Robert J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bennett
Author-Name: Harry Smith
Author-X-Name-First: Harry
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith
Author-Name: Piero Montebruno
Author-X-Name-First: Piero
Author-X-Name-Last: Montebruno
Author-Name: Carry van Lieshout
Author-X-Name-First: Carry
Author-X-Name-Last: van Lieshout
Title: Changes in Victorian entrepreneurship in England and Wales 1851-1911: Methodology and business population estimates
Abstract: 
 The full population of England and Wales employers and own-account business proprietors is estimated using population censuses 1851–1911. The main contribution of the article is a method of mixed single imputation to overcome the challenge of non-responses to the census 1851–1881. This method is compared with alternatives. Downloads of all data allow replication. The method is used to track trends in proprietor numbers and entrepreneurship rates to reassess the ‘decline of Victorian entrepreneurship’, onset of the ‘U’-shaped trough of the twentieth century, the ‘climacteric’ of 1901, and compositional changes by sector and sex. There is strong sector and gender diversity, with changes in female participation major drivers of overall trends. Proprietor numbers show slow increases of employers, and rapid rise and then decline of own-account, with a turning point after 1901. The methodology and turning point is compared and confirmed against the 1921 census and national and local trade directories.Current affilition for Piero Montebruno: Geographical Research Economist at the Centre for Economic Performance, London School of Economics and Political ScienceSupplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/00076791.2021.1894134.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1211-1243
Issue: 7
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1894134
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1894134
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# input file: FBSH_A_1772760_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: A leading French trade house in China: Olivier (1900s–1930s)
Abstract: 
 The history of the forces of capitalism in pre-Communist China regained momentum at the turn of this century because present Chinese authorities commenced to enhance the valuation of local entrepreneurialism. It had been for a long time identified with a mere form of imperialism or some kind of companionship with the economic offshoots of the Powers having imposed their rules along several Unequal Treaties. Historians can therefore reinterpret the developments of foreign business in the China of the 1900s–1940s to reconstitute the interlocking between actual imperialist forces and more and more strong Chinese houses.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1295-1318
Issue: 7
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1772760
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1772760
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# input file: FBSH_A_1767599_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: David Clayton
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Clayton
Author-Name: David M. Higgins
Author-X-Name-First: David M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Higgins
Title: ‘Buy British’: An analysis of UK attempts to turn a slogan into government policy in the 1970s and 1980s
Abstract: 
 This article uses newly available state and business records to investigate the effectiveness of Buy British policies when Britain was a member of the EEC between the early 1970s and the mid-1980s – a period of rapid import penetration and deindustrialisation. We show that government pursued a range of overt and covert measures to combat these economic problems. Overt measures sought to encourage domestic consumers to buy British; covert measures, involving nationalised industries and public procurement, attempted to encourage British firms to source domestically. The article contributes to the emerging business history literature on how Member States tried to exploit loopholes in EEC competition and commercial policy, and it provides new evidence on UK consumer preferences for domestic and imported manufactures.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1260-1280
Issue: 7
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1767599
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1767599
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# input file: FBSH_A_1856077_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Thibaud Giddey
Author-X-Name-First: Thibaud
Author-X-Name-Last: Giddey
Title: The institutionalization of the fight against white-collar crime in Switzerland, 1970-1990
Abstract: 
 During the 1970s and 1980s, economic and financial crime turned into a societal issue in Switzerland. The perpetrators of white-collar crime often enjoyed total impunity: legal proceedings were very time consuming, authorities in charge of judicial investigation were under-resourced. This paper investigates how the political and judicial authorities responded to this challenge. By the end of the 1980s, a strong shift towards a more specialized handling of financial crime by public prosecutors occurred. Specialized departments were set up and judges were trained in commercial matters. This transformation breached with a long tradition of leniency and inefficient judicial handling of economic crime. Based on archival evidence, this paper sheds new light on the drivers of an institutionalization process which affected not only the Swiss financial centre, but also all the global judicial proceedings which relied on it. Professionalizing the response to financial crime also aimed at restoring the corporate reputation of Swiss financial firms, in a context of growing competition among offshore financial centers.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1185-1210
Issue: 7
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1856077
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1856077
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# input file: FBSH_A_1763958_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Claire Evans
Author-X-Name-First: Claire
Author-X-Name-Last: Evans
Author-Name: Nick Rumens
Author-X-Name-First: Nick
Author-X-Name-Last: Rumens
Title: Gender inequality and the professionalisation of accountancy in the UK from 1870 to the interwar years
Abstract: 
 Drawing on historical data largely relating to Price Waterhouse Coopers (PwC), this article examines the early professionalisation of accountancy as a gendered process. Mobilising Acker’s (1990) theory of the ideal worker, this article highlights articulations of an ideal professional accountant, coded as male and masculine in the gendering of professional skills and knowledge, image management, networking and social class. Additionally, social changes such as WW1 reshaped the masculine nature of the ideal professional accountant in PwC, emphasising a militaristic masculinity, to support the war effort. While women were temporarily employed in accountancy clerical jobs in wartime, this does not appear to have re-gendered PwC as an organisation inclusive of femininity and women. However, it is noted that some middle-class women challenged exclusionary professional practices within accountancy. The implications of the gendered aspects of the professionalisation of accountancy are discussed throughout the article.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1244-1259
Issue: 7
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1763958
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1763958
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# input file: FBSH_A_1778669_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Anna Karhu
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Karhu
Title: Co-evolution of a MNE and institutional environment – focus on institutional logics change
Abstract: 
 This study focuses on understanding the co-evolution of a firm and its institutional environment. Theoretically, the study is based on institutional logics and a co-evolution perspective. The study takes the viewpoint of a Finnish pharmaceutical MNE and follows its development through time period of 1917–2007 in relation to its industry’s development. Thus, the study relies on a historical analysis of a retrospective single-case study. The study contributes to the business history literature by demonstrating the change of complexity and structure as a mechanisms of institutional logics change between multiple levels (global industry, national industry, and organisation).
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1319-1345
Issue: 7
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1778669
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1778669
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# input file: FBSH_A_1781819_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Karen McBride
Author-X-Name-First: Karen
Author-X-Name-Last: McBride
Title: ‘And one man in his time plays many parts’ – Samuel Pepys business administrator, accomptant and auditor
Abstract: 
 The (his)story of Samuel Pepys is interlinked with that of administration, accounting, auditing and their concepts. In terms of nascent ideas of accounting and business administration of the time, Pepys and his contribution are under-researched. Many scholars have considered the life of Samuel Pepys, studying his famous diary and marvelling at the wonderful insight this gives us to the time in which he lived, few have viewed his naval career in terms of its business administration and accounting contribution. This article studies Pepys’s diary, his correspondence and secondary literature to provide an insight into his business world. It explores his role, as he perceived it. Pepys had modern attitudes to business, professionalism and the role of accounting, this forward-thinking attitude helps explain his extraordinary achievements. Pepys was not only a skilled naval administrator but also a natural ‘accomptant’ in the more modern and all-encompassing sense of the word accountant.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1369-1387
Issue: 7
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1781819
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1781819
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# input file: FBSH_A_1804877_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Aykut Berber
Author-X-Name-First: Aykut
Author-X-Name-Last: Berber
Author-Name: Nancy Harding
Author-X-Name-First: Nancy
Author-X-Name-Last: Harding
Author-Name: Farooq Mughal
Author-X-Name-First: Farooq
Author-X-Name-Last: Mughal
Title: Instrumentality and influence of Fayol’s doctrine: history, politics and emotions in two post-war settings
Abstract: 
 Why does Administration Industrielle et Générale have a major status in the history of management thought? We argue that the rational reason for the enthusiasm for Fayol’s theory disguises the irrational and unconscious fears in societies for which the cool rationality of Fayol’s work offered a soothing balm. We discuss this in two different but relatively similar post-war settings—France in the 1920s, which saw the first major upsurge of interest in Fayol’s work, and the mid-twentieth century USA, where his work was rediscovered and attained canonical status. The reception to his work in the aftermaths of the two world wars prove particularly important in understanding how historico/politico/emotional affect influences the reception to a body of work. We suggest it is not the ideas themselves that were of prime importance, but how those ideas resonated with the historical, political and emotional context in which they were debated and taken up.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1281-1294
Issue: 7
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1804877
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1804877
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# input file: FBSH_A_1932235_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Juan Hernández Andreu
Author-X-Name-First: Juan Hernández
Author-X-Name-Last: Andreu
Title: Entrepreneurship in Spain. A history
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1392-1393
Issue: 7
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1932235
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1932235
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:7:p:1392-1393

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# input file: FBSH_A_1845316_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Matti Roitto
Author-X-Name-First: Matti
Author-X-Name-Last: Roitto
Author-Name: Pasi Nevalainen
Author-X-Name-First: Pasi
Author-X-Name-Last: Nevalainen
Author-Name: Miina Kaarkoski
Author-X-Name-First: Miina
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaarkoski
Title: Fuel for commercial politics: the nucleus of early commercial proliferation of atomic energy in three acts
Abstract: 
 Historical research into the nuclear industry has focussed upon military and commercial aspects of the technology whilst ignoring fuel. This article discusses nuclear fuel, the resource at the centre of the industry and the role superpower politics played in its supply. Starting with the context of superpower competition, we examine the spread of nuclear technology from its beginnings in post-war Britain via West Germany in the 1950s to Finland in the 1960s and 1970s. We demonstrate that each country had varied interests affecting the choice of nuclear fuel for early energy projects; British fuel choices were constrained by its weapons programme and Germany needed legitimacy in the face of opposition in the 1950s. Finland was constrained by ‘Finlandisation’ and despite domestic enthusiasm the country had to balancing competing blocs in its choice of reactor and fuel. In short, fuel choices were constrained by local and supranational geopolitical conditions.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1510-1553
Issue: 8
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1845316
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1845316
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# input file: FBSH_A_1941527_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: David Merrett
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Merrett
Title: Managing the marketplace: Reinventing shopping centres in post-war Australia
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1558-1559
Issue: 8
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1941527
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1941527
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# input file: FBSH_A_1809653_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Niall G. MacKenzie
Author-X-Name-First: Niall G.
Author-X-Name-Last: MacKenzie
Author-Name: Stephen Knox
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen
Author-X-Name-Last: Knox
Author-Name: Matthew Hannon
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew
Author-X-Name-Last: Hannon
Title: Fast breeder reactor technology and the entrepreneurial state in the UK
Abstract: 
 This article explores the creation, operation and failure of the UK’s fast breeder reactor programme at Dounreay within the context of the development of the nuclear power industry in the UK, and the administration of national and regional economic policy. The UK government maintained total control of the development of the technology including its creation, operation, and attempts at exploitation, corresponding closely to existing definitions of entrepreneurship. We thus argue that the case of fast breeder reactor technology in the UK should be considered as both an example of Mazzucato’s characterisation of the state as an entrepreneur and an explanation why it has 'forgotten' how to be entrepreneurial.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1494-1509
Issue: 8
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1809653
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1809653
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# input file: FBSH_A_1940471_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Richard Ravalli
Author-X-Name-First: Richard
Author-X-Name-Last: Ravalli
Title: American blockbuster: movies, technology, and wonder
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1554-1555
Issue: 8
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1940471
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1940471
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# input file: FBSH_A_1819984_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Rita Mascolo
Author-X-Name-First: Rita
Author-X-Name-Last: Mascolo
Title: Tennessee valley in Southern Italy: How the ENSI project was the first and only World Bank loan for nuclear power
Abstract: 
 The ENSI project was a joint study between the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development and the Italian government for the construction of a nuclear power station in the South of Italy at the end of the 1950s. Garigliano nuclear power plant is unique in terms of energy, politics and finance because it was intended to be an international model, both in technology and operating procedures, for the construction of other nuclear power stations around the world. Matters related to the Garigliano power station, its construction and entry into operation, have to be contextualised in the complex scenario of the Italian nuclear policy of those years dominated by a clear split between the interests of the private and public spheres.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1460-1493
Issue: 8
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1819984
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1819984
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# input file: FBSH_A_1941909_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: China bound. John Swire & Sons and its world, 1816-1980
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1560-1563
Issue: 8
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1941909
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1941909
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# input file: FBSH_A_1856080_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: M. Rubio-Varas
Author-X-Name-First: M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Rubio-Varas
Author-Name: J. De la Torre
Author-X-Name-First: J.
Author-X-Name-Last: De la Torre
Author-Name: D. P. Connors
Author-X-Name-First: D. P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Connors
Title: The atomic business: structures and strategies
Abstract: 
 Nuclear energy was one among business opportunities brought by the take off in science and technology after the Second World War. The narratives of the milestones of atomic history neglect the commercial, industrial and organizational aspects that made it possible. This paper concentrates on what makes the nuclear business exceptional (or not). We undertake an analysis of the nuclear supply business (designing, manufacturing and installing nuclear facilities) distinct from the analysis of the demand side (business operating nuclear power plants). We identify a continuing role of the state in civil nuclear businesses and a symbiotic relationship with private atomic business. And yet, for the most part the nuclear business applies the usual criteria of cost minimization and profit maximization within the boundaries of a non-perfectly competitive market. We argue that the development of civil nuclear projects is core not just to business history as a discipline but to post-war history.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1395-1412
Issue: 8
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1856080
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1856080
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# input file: FBSH_A_1946221_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Bernardo Bátiz-Lazo
Author-X-Name-First: Bernardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Bátiz-Lazo
Title: The rise and fall and reinvention of a global icon
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1564-1565
Issue: 8
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1946221
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1946221
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# input file: FBSH_A_1940544_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: James Davis
Author-X-Name-First: James
Author-X-Name-Last: Davis
Title: Compassionate capitalism: business and community in medieval England
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1556-1557
Issue: 8
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1940544
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1940544
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# input file: FBSH_A_1810239_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Joseba De la Torre
Author-X-Name-First: Joseba
Author-X-Name-Last: De la Torre
Author-Name: Mar Rubio-Varas
Author-X-Name-First: Mar
Author-X-Name-Last: Rubio-Varas
Author-Name: Esther M. Sánchez-Sánchez
Author-X-Name-First: Esther M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sánchez-Sánchez
Author-Name: Gloria Sanz Lafuente
Author-X-Name-First: Gloria
Author-X-Name-Last: Sanz Lafuente
Title: Nuclear engineering and technology transfer: The Spanish strategies to deal with US, french and german nuclear manufacturers, 1955–1985
Abstract: 
 We analysed the process of construction and connection to the electrical grid of four Spanish nuclear power plants with different financial and technological foreign partners: those of Zorita (PWR by Westinghouse), Garoña (BWR by General Electric) and Vandellós I (GCR by EDF) (belonging to the first generation of atomic plants and producing electricity from 1969–72) and that of Trillo I (PWR by KWU, connected in 1988). These four examples allow us to observe how the learning curve of nuclear engineering and the acquisition of skills by Spanish companies evolved. Progressively the domestic industry achieved higher levels of participation, fostered by the Ministry of Industry and Energy. When the atomic plants under construction were paralysed by the nuclear moratorium of 1984, and several other projects were abandoned by the utilities along the way, Spain had developed an industrial sector around the fabrication of service components and engineering for nuclear power plants to compete internationally.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1435-1459
Issue: 8
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1810239
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1810239
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# input file: FBSH_A_1772761_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Niklas Jensen-Eriksen
Author-X-Name-First: Niklas
Author-X-Name-Last: Jensen-Eriksen
Title: Looking for cheap and abundant power: Business, government and nuclear energy in Finland
Abstract: 
 Nuclear energy is a particularly regulated and politicised part of energy production. In this article, we analyse how private companies have promoted their interests in this challenging sector. We focus on the case of Finland, where manufacturing industries have regarded cheap and abundant power as a key component of their business strategies. From the 1950s onwards, nuclear energy seemed a particularly attractive option, as Finland had few alternative power sources. However, private companies faced opposition from a number of actors. They included the Soviets, who were eager to sell their reactors, while the Finns wanted to buy Western ones; centrist and left-wing politicians, who favoured state-controlled options; and finally, the environmental movement, which from the 1980s onwards opposed the construction of all new reactors. Politicians rejected proposals for a fifth nuclear reactor until the industrialists learned to present the reactor as a ‘green’ project, which would reduce carbon dioxide emissions.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1413-1434
Issue: 8
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1772761
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1772761
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# input file: FBSH_A_1763308_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Simon Mollan
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Mollan
Author-Name: Billy Frank
Author-X-Name-First: Billy
Author-X-Name-Last: Frank
Author-Name: Kevin Tennent
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin
Author-X-Name-Last: Tennent
Title: Changing corporate domicile: The case of the Rhodesian Selection Trust companies
Abstract: 
 This article explores the transfer of corporate domicile of the Rhodesian Selection Trust group of ‘Free-Standing Companies’ (FSCs) from the UK to Northern Rhodesia. To explore the ‘nationality of the company’ we question how political and economic factors affected strategic decision-making. We contribute further understanding of the impact of international double taxation to the history of FSCs. The article illustrates how the ‘nationality of the firm’ became a contested zone of interaction as British imperial power waned, American capital investment became more dominant, and colonies began to assert themselves in their own ‘national’ interests. We conclude that international taxation was a decisive factor in the relocation of domicile, and was linked to changes in the organizational forms adopted by international business in this period. We use this to contribute to the historiographical debate about the decline of FSCs in the international economy, and the position of business in decolonization.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1600-1622
Issue: 9
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1763308
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1763308
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# input file: FBSH_A_1965717_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Rafael I. Pardo
Author-X-Name-First: Rafael I.
Author-X-Name-Last: Pardo
Title: Unfree markets: The slaves’ economy and the rise of capitalism in South Carolina
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1739-1740
Issue: 9
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1965717
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1965717
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# input file: FBSH_A_1797683_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Álvaro Ferreira da Silva
Author-X-Name-First: Álvaro Ferreira
Author-X-Name-Last: da Silva
Author-Name: Pedro Neves
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro
Author-X-Name-Last: Neves
Title: The paradox of nationality: Foreign investment in Portuguese Africa (1890–1974)
Abstract: 
 The nationality of contemporary multinational corporations has become increasingly ambiguous, and this ambiguity is far from exclusive to the current global economy; a similar past ambivalence occurred with multinational investments in Portuguese colonies. This study analyses how multinationals handle strategic decision-making and governance when the corporate centre is ambiguous. It uses archival data on actual corporate decisions to explore how the headquarters’ strategic and administrative functions split across national centres. The results emphasise that the balance of power among different locations depended on accessing capital, knowledge, and specialised services. Three dynamic factors emerged to explain the changes in corporate decision-making configurations over time: project management capabilities, the project’s duration, and capital intensity. However, there was no single evolutionary profile. Combining or choosing between nationality legacies for locating corporate functions was a strategic choice, more dependent on firm-specific aspects than on contextual constraints.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1623-1647
Issue: 9
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1797683
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1797683
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# input file: FBSH_A_1726891_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Andrew Smith
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith
Author-Name: Maki Umemura
Author-X-Name-First: Maki
Author-X-Name-Last: Umemura
Title: The defence of cosmopolitan capitalism by Sir Charles Addis, 1914-1919: A microhistorical study of a classical liberal banker in wartime
Abstract: 
 This study focuses on the efforts of Sir Charles Addis to defend the pre-1914 system of cosmopolitan capitalism. Our central research question is to understand why this merchant banker fought in preserve cosmopolitan capitalism when so many of his peers acquiesced in and even championed its demise. Addis’s moral ideal was an international economic order in which the nationality of firms was irrelevant to the strategies of managers. The First World War dramatically increased the salience of firm nationality in international business. Addis, who was a committed classical liberal, fought against this trend to a degree that is hard to explain with reference to economic self-interest alone. The article, which is based on a range of sources including Addis’s diary, explores Addis’s connections to, and views of, ‘German’ bankers, his relations with the British government, and the political economy of the reparations imposed on Germany by the Versailles Peace settlement.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1666-1683
Issue: 9
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1726891
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1726891
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# input file: FBSH_A_1968325_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Trevor Israelsen
Author-X-Name-First: Trevor
Author-X-Name-Last: Israelsen
Title: Book review of historical organization studies: Theory and applications
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1741-1743
Issue: 9
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1968325
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1968325
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# input file: FBSH_A_1994947_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Christian Marx
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Marx
Author-Name: Ben Wubs
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Wubs
Title: National conflicts in a multinational: The case of the Dutch-German AKU/VGF/Akzo, 1920s to 1970s
Abstract: 
 Bringing together managers from different countries and cultures after international mergers is often seen as beneficial for the development of multinational companies. The article refers to existing approaches in the literature on modern cultural management and the organisation of multinationals to develop a framework explaining when and in which way national diversity affected the composition of the governing bodies and the strategy of the company. It therefore focuses on the nationality of owners and managers and asks to what extent corporate nationalities persisted after the merger and if single national groups determined the strategy. Based on original archival material the case of the Dutch-German man-made fibre manufacturer AKU/VGF/Akzo illustrates that its ownership structure depended to a large extent on political circumstances and that changing corporate nationalities shaped the governance of this company. Our study contributes to opening-up the black box of the composition and organisational structure of multinational boards and the locus of decision making within multinationals.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1709-1734
Issue: 9
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1994947
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1994947
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# input file: FBSH_A_1964148_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Luman Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Luman
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Title: French banking and entrepreneurialism in China and Hong Kong from the 1850s to 1980s
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1737-1738
Issue: 9
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1964148
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1964148
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# input file: FBSH_A_1958476_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Christopher Kopper
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Kopper
Title: Tobias Straumann: 1931. Debt, crisis and the rise of Hitler
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1735-1736
Issue: 9
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1958476
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1958476
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# input file: FBSH_A_1726890_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Sabine Pitteloud
Author-X-Name-First: Sabine
Author-X-Name-Last: Pitteloud
Title: ‘American Management’ vs ‘Swiss Labour Peace’. The closure of the Swiss Firestone factory in 1978
Abstract: 
 This article focusses on the closure of the Firestone’s Swiss subsidiary in 1978. It contributes to the existing literature dealing with the ‘nationality’ of multinational companies and the impact of US management style on local capitalist systems. Drawing on a narrative perspective and relying on rich sources from government, labour and trade associations’ archives, the article demonstrates how the ‘nationality’ was subjected to actors’ perceptions and constructed through their discourses. It studies how labour representatives and politicians used the ‘nationality of the company’ as a rhetorical tool to legitimise political actions and institutional change. The analysis also shows Swiss trade associations’ efforts to counteract such narratives and their ability to largely limit state interventionism thanks to their traditionally dominant position.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1648-1665
Issue: 9
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1726890
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1726890
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:64:y:2022:i:9:p:1648-1665



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# input file: FBSH_A_1802428_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Julian Faust
Author-X-Name-First: Julian
Author-X-Name-Last: Faust
Title: Filling a colonial void? German business strategies and development assistance in India, 1947–1974
Abstract: 
 Decolonisation after World War II posed a threat to foreign businesses, when newly independent governments sought more national control over the economy. This article analyses cases of German multinational enterprises (MNE) in India. Focusing on companies from different sectors it analyses how these MNEs dealt with risks associated with tighter regulation of the economy and economic nationalism. German corporate nationality quickly became an asset that was used to position subsidiaries in India against foreign competitors. In the following years ‘Indianisation’ strategies for management and networks of German and Indian employees added security to long-term business interests. Carefully created Indo-German nationality of the companies reduced liabilities of foreignness. Furthermore, aligning with West German development assistance helped to strengthen the position of German private companies. These findings support the existing argument for a multi-faceted view on liabilities of foreignness and their quickly changing nature.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1684-1708
Issue: 9
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1802428
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1802428
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# input file: FBSH_A_1985411_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Amon Barros
Author-X-Name-First: Amon
Author-X-Name-Last: Barros
Title: History in management and organization studies: from margin to mainstream
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1744-1745
Issue: 9
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1985411
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1985411
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# input file: FBSH_A_2118718_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Alfred Reckendrees
Author-X-Name-First: Alfred
Author-X-Name-Last: Reckendrees
Author-Name: Boris Gehlen
Author-X-Name-First: Boris
Author-X-Name-Last: Gehlen
Author-Name: Christian Marx
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Marx
Title: International business, multinational enterprises and nationality of the company: a constructive review of literature
Abstract: 
 In the aftermath of the Global Financial Crisis, the long-held confidence that ‘nationality’ would not matter in a globalised economy has dwindled. As the impact of economic and foreign policy on firms’ internationalisation and investment decisions appears to grow, and economic nationalism built on constructs of ‘nationality of the company’ gains weight, companies doing business abroad, including multinational enterprises operating in the US and Europe, are increasingly exposed to (often unexpected) implications of their ‘nationality’. We elaborate on related perspectives to the theme developed in the IB, global strategy, and international management literature and in business history. Based on these readings, we conceptualise the opaque notion of ‘nationality of the company’ and outline perspectives. We argue that ‘nationality’ appears in very different ways and suggest that research should focus more on specific political and institutional environments, and specific constructs of ‘nationality’.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1567-1599
Issue: 9
Volume: 64
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2118718
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2022.2118718
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# input file: FBSH_A_1789101_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Maurizio Romano
Author-X-Name-First: Maurizio
Author-X-Name-Last: Romano
Title: ‘The originator of Eni’s ideas’. Marcello Boldrini at the top of Agip/Eni (1948–1967)
Abstract: 
 Italy was one of the most peculiar protagonists of the ‘great season’ of State-owned enterprises (SOEs) in post-Second World War Europe. Public managers, in turn, were among the major players in shaping the rise, performance and cultural patterns of the Italian mixed economy. Within this ruling group, a significant role was played by Marcello Boldrini, statistician of international renown ‘lent’ to the State oil industry thanks to his friendship with Ente Nazionale Idrocarburi (Eni)’s founder, Enrico Mattei. The essay highlights Boldrini’s contribution to the elaboration of Eni’s cultural strategy, focused on the reflection concerning the role played by the SOE in the economic development process. Secondly, the international profile of his work as a public manager is analysed, particularly with respect to the relationships between Eni and the emerging oil producing countries, based on an innovative partnership system to whose elaboration and fulfilment Boldrini authoritatively contributed.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 88-112
Issue: 1
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1789101
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1789101
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# input file: FBSH_A_1832083_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Geraldine David
Author-X-Name-First: Geraldine
Author-X-Name-Last: David
Author-Name: Christian Huemer
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Huemer
Author-Name: Kim Oosterlinck
Author-X-Name-First: Kim
Author-X-Name-Last: Oosterlinck
Title: Art dealers’ inventory strategy: the case of Goupil, Boussod & Valadon from 1860 to 1914
Abstract: 
 Proper inventory management is crucial for art galleries. Yet, despite its importance, inventory management has been overlooked in the literature. We distinguish four main strategies used by art dealers to manage their inventory and use this classification to set the inventory strategy of Goupil, Boussod & Valadon, a major art gallery active in France at the end of the 19th century, into perspective. Goupil’s books cover the sale of more than 25,000 artworks between 1860 and 1914. Rapidity to sell was a key element in Goupil’s strategy. Out of the sold artworks, almost 75% were sold within a year. Goupil required a slightly higher mark-up for artists from which he held a large inventory. Mark-up for artists in residence and the likelihood to sell their artworks at a loss were lower, signaling a preoccupation for their long-term market.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 24-55
Issue: 1
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1832083
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1832083
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# input file: FBSH_A_1796975_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Peter Wegenschimmel
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Wegenschimmel
Author-Name: Andrew Hodges
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Hodges
Title: The embeddedness of ‘public’ enterprises: the case of the Gdynia (Poland) and Uljanik (Croatia) shipyards
Abstract: 
 The shipbuilding industry is global in scope and networks, while also historically closely connected to state actors, and embedded within local, regional, and state-level infrastructures. Drawing on the existing literature on embeddedness, this article offers new case-study material on the recent history of two shipyards – Gdynia (Poland) and Uljanik (Croatia) – through which to consider the depth of and modes of embeddedness. Topics covered include social provision at the shipyards; the enterprises’ relation with city, local and regional authorities; and state-level and legal frameworks across the ‘transition’ to capitalism. It concludes that despite downsizing, both shipyards have proven successful in retaining forms of embeddedness that emerged during the socialist period, and that for this reason, a blurring of private and public boundaries is present that goes above and beyond discussions of ownership regimes.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 113-130
Issue: 1
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1796975
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1796975
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# input file: FBSH_A_1995173_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Susana Martínez-Rodríguez
Author-X-Name-First: Susana
Author-X-Name-Last: Martínez-Rodríguez
Title: Gendered capitalism. Sewing machines and multinational business in Spain and Mexico (1850–1940)
Journal: Business History
Pages: 210-211
Issue: 1
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1995173
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1995173
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# input file: FBSH_A_1995179_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Swapnesh Masrani
Author-X-Name-First: Swapnesh
Author-X-Name-Last: Masrani
Title: Tata: the global corporation that built Indian capitalism
Journal: Business History
Pages: 212-213
Issue: 1
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1995179
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1995179
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# input file: FBSH_A_2001055_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Alka Raman
Author-X-Name-First: Alka
Author-X-Name-Last: Raman
Title: The English East India Company’s silk enterprise in Bengal, 1750–1850
Journal: Business History
Pages: 214-215
Issue: 1
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.2001055
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.2001055
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# input file: FBSH_A_1806823_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Catherine Jill Bamforth
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine Jill
Author-X-Name-Last: Bamforth
Author-Name: Malcolm Abbott
Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm
Author-X-Name-Last: Abbott
Title: Comparing private and public approaches to state megaproject implementation: The R100-R101 airship development case study
Abstract: 
 State support is critical to enhancing a country’s capacity for innovation and for delivering large-scale complex projects where significant upfront investment is required. These megaprojects are high risk due to their size, investment level, time duration and the type of innovation required. Their complexity means that context affects decision-making, innovation approach taken and project implementation. We utilise the 1921 Great Britain Imperial Airship Scheme to examine the impact of environment on the delivery by a State/government firm and a Private firm of a megaproject bound by common technical specifications. Edquist’s System of Innovation (2006) was used to examine the context; Flyvbjerg’s four sublimes (2012, 2014) to examine shifting stakeholder motivations, and Morris and Geraldi (2011) project management levels to critically examine how the megaproject unfolded. We argue the value of using select contemporary theory to deepen understanding of past historical megaproject implementation and perceptions of success.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 131-156
Issue: 1
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1806823
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1806823
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# input file: FBSH_A_1798933_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Benoît Maréchaux
Author-X-Name-First: Benoît
Author-X-Name-Last: Maréchaux
Title: Business organisation in the Mediterranean Sea: Genoese galley entrepreneurs in the service of the Spanish Empire (late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries)
Abstract: 
 This article analyzes the business organisation and activities of Genoese naval entrepreneurs who managed galleys for the Spanish Empire in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. While conventional narratives of business history begin with the Industrial Revolution and focus on the rise of the modern corporation, this article brings to the fore early modern entrepreneurs from Italy and shows how they led family-controlled firms running permanent navies in the Mediterranean. By using private ledgers and merchant correspondence, the paper aims to understand how these naval entrepreneurs governed their affairs and managed resources internationally. We find that delegation (through family ties, hierarchy, and networks) was the main solution chosen to deal with distant commodity, labour, and capital markets. We retrace the different forms this delegation took and explain its determinants considering alternative options and providing comparative insights.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 56-87
Issue: 1
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1798933
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1798933
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# input file: FBSH_A_1807951_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Glenda Oskar
Author-X-Name-First: Glenda
Author-X-Name-Last: Oskar
Title: Assessable stock and the Comstock mining companies
Abstract: 
 Historically, it was common for companies to issue assessable stock. With assessable stock, a company’s board of directors could request additional payments beyond the initial stock price. Typically, shareholders forfeited their stock ownership if assessments remained unpaid; defaulted shares were sold at auction. This form of securitization became popular in extractive industries, such as gold and silver mining. In this article, I provide a description of its legal history and a detailed case study of large companies with mining claims on the Comstock lode between 1860 and 1877, considered an exemplar of successful mine development with assessable stock. I also examine several hypotheses used to explain the practice of issuing assessable stock, such as limiting agency and information costs.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 157-185
Issue: 1
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1807951
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1807951
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# input file: FBSH_A_2009639_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Peter Scott
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott
Title: Canada, a working history
Journal: Business History
Pages: 216-217
Issue: 1
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.2009639
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.2009639
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# input file: FBSH_A_1805436_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Marta Herrero
Author-X-Name-First: Marta
Author-X-Name-Last: Herrero
Author-Name: Thomas R. Buckley
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Buckley
Title: Collaborating profitably? The fundraising practices of the contemporary art society, 1919–1939
Abstract: 
 This article provides a new understanding of how organisations from the profit and non-profit sectors collaborated to fundraise for the arts in Interwar Britain. The central focus is the Contemporary Art Society (CAS) an organisation established in the belief that the art being acquired for national collections was inadequate. Based on an analysis of CAS committee members; the relationship between the CAS and commercial galleries through the Society’s subscriber scheme; and a number of collaborative exhibitions organised between 1919 and 1939, we argue that the CAS exercised cultural entrepreneurship, raising revenue to shape a new direction for the British Artworld.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1-23
Issue: 1
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1805436
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1805436
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# input file: FBSH_A_1892642_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Marie M. Fletcher
Author-X-Name-First: Marie M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Fletcher
Title: Death and taxes: Estate duty – a neglected factor in changes to British business structure after World War two
Abstract: 
 This paper will examine Estate Duty(ED) and its impact on the structure of smaller British businesses. ED was one of the most controversial and wide-ranging taxes ever imposed in the UK. It was the first substantive tax on capital. It was partly responsible for the reconfiguration of British business in the 1940s- 1950s as businesses sought to avoid the Duty with measures which could result in the loss of a family firm to the ‘corporate economy’. Examining this phenomenon adds a hitherto unexplored dimension to the arguments of business historians surrounding the structure of British business and its relative performance after World War II.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 187-209
Issue: 1
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1892642
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1892642
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# input file: FBSH_A_2021612_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Bernardo Bátiz-Lazo
Author-X-Name-First: Bernardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Bátiz-Lazo
Title: Diana Kelly. The Red Taylorist: the life and times of Walter Nicholas Polakov
Journal: Business History
Pages: 391-392
Issue: 2
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.2021612
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.2021612
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# input file: FBSH_A_2112671_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Pierre Eichenberger
Author-X-Name-First: Pierre
Author-X-Name-Last: Eichenberger
Author-Name: Neil Rollings
Author-X-Name-First: Neil
Author-X-Name-Last: Rollings
Author-Name: Janick Marina Schaufelbuehl
Author-X-Name-First: Janick Marina
Author-X-Name-Last: Schaufelbuehl
Title: The brokers of globalization: Towards a history of business associations in the international arena
Abstract: 
 This article is the introduction to the special issue looking at organised business in the international arena to gain better understanding of the role of this group of actors. The international strategies of national business interest associations and transnational business interest associations have largely been overlooked by business historians with a focus on multinational enterprise and global historians studying international organisations and international non-governmental organisations. The article explores in broad terms the historical development of these actors, their representation in the existing literature – historical as well as political and social scientific – before turning to some new research perspectives and the contributions of the articles in the special issue to this research agenda.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 217-234
Issue: 2
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2112671
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2022.2112671
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# input file: FBSH_A_2039443_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Alka Raman
Author-X-Name-First: Alka
Author-X-Name-Last: Raman
Title: Merchants: The Community That Shaped England’s Trade and Empire
Journal: Business History
Pages: 393-394
Issue: 2
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2039443
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2022.2039443
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# input file: FBSH_A_2043641_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: William Pettigrew
Author-X-Name-First: William
Author-X-Name-Last: Pettigrew
Title: Trade and nation: how companies and politics reshaped economic thought
Journal: Business History
Pages: 395-396
Issue: 2
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2043641
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2022.2043641
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# input file: FBSH_A_1958783_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Neil Rollings
Author-X-Name-First: Neil
Author-X-Name-Last: Rollings
Title: The development of transnational business associations during the twentieth century
Abstract: 
 This article outlines the development of international non-governmental organisations (INGOs), and especially those relating to business, over the twentieth century. Using a variety of constructed datasets and drawing on population ecology approaches to interest groups, it is shown how business associations were numerically dominant for much of the twentieth century despite being largely excluded from accounts of the development of INGOs over this period. Growth in all such organisations was particularly prevalent in the immediate aftermath of the Second World War, but transnational business associations grew most rapidly at this time. The trends indicate that both the environmental context and the different dynamics of particular associational sectors explain these developments and that further research is needed to pin down more precisely the different factors at work.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 235-259
Issue: 2
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1958783
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1958783
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# input file: FBSH_A_1877273_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Janick Marina Schaufelbuehl
Author-X-Name-First: Janick Marina
Author-X-Name-Last: Schaufelbuehl
Title: Becoming the advocate for US-based multinationals: The United States Council of the International Chamber of Commerce, 1945–1974
Abstract: 
 The United States Council for International Business today is one of the United States most powerful domestic business organisations and is a leading ambassador for US international business interests abroad. It is also the US affiliate of the International Chamber of Commerce, the International Organisation of Employers (IOE) and Business at OECD. At its founding in 1945, the United States Council of the International Chamber of Commerce (as it was called until 1981) was intended to represent the specific interests of US-based multinationals striving to expand their international trade and investments. Based on new archival documents, this article aims to shed light on the largely under-­researched history of the US Council, demonstrating that the Council gained prominence during the 1960s and 1970s through a series of political campaigns aimed at defending and expanding American companies’ international direct investments.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 284-301
Issue: 2
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1877273
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1877273
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# input file: FBSH_A_2025219_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Thomas David
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: David
Author-Name: Pierre Eichenberger
Author-X-Name-First: Pierre
Author-X-Name-Last: Eichenberger
Title: ’A world parliament of business’? The International Chamber of Commerce and its presidents in the twentieth century
Abstract: 
 This article investigates the contribution of the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC), founded in Paris in 1920, to transnational business networks and communities. It is based on a prosopographic study of the 43 presidents of the ICC until 2000 and research in the archives of the ICC. Our results show that these men represented firms that were amongst the most powerful of their time. Furthermore, we show that the ICC presidents displayed heterogenous profiles, but spent an average of 10 years in the ICC before their election and remained active for many years after their tenure as president was over, allowing them to form a powerful transnational community. We investigate qualitatively the way the ICC presidents interacted to cement this transnational community. They met regularly over select events – such as the ‘diner des sages’ – and bonded over a common project: defending free trade and international business.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 260-283
Issue: 2
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.2025219
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.2025219
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# input file: FBSH_A_2018156_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Kevin Tennent
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin
Author-X-Name-Last: Tennent
Title: The Gold in the Rings: The People and Events That Transformed the Olympic Games
Journal: Business History
Pages: 389-390
Issue: 2
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.2018156
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.2018156
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# input file: FBSH_A_1905797_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Sabine Pitteloud
Author-X-Name-First: Sabine
Author-X-Name-Last: Pitteloud
Title: Let’s coordinate! The reinforcement of a ‘liberal bastion’ within European Industrial Federations, 1978-1987
Abstract: 
 This article focuses on the establishment in the 1970s of a new international private governance forum, the so-called ‘Interlaken Conferences’, which gathered together the leading figures of the Industrial Federations of the Federal Republic of Germany, Austria, Denmark, the Netherlands, and Switzerland. It therefore contributes to the literature dealing with business interest associations’ (BIAs) international alliances, and to the growing corpus analysing BIAs’ political strategies in tackling the 1970s social unrest and economic crisis. Thanks to archival sources from the Swiss Federation of Commerce and Industry, this article examines the calculated efforts by Interlaken participants to secure a ‘liberal bastion’ of European industrial federations that could impose its views within other official international BIAs. By improving coordination, the participants sought to defend common liberal economic principles and to fight against adverse economic policies such as protectionism and state intervention in the economy.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 345-365
Issue: 2
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1905797
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1905797
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# input file: FBSH_A_1863949_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Benjamin C. Waterhouse
Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Waterhouse
Title: The Business Roundtable and the politics of U.S. manufacturing decline in the global 1970s
Abstract: 
 As the ‘golden age of American capitalism’ drew to a close in the 1970s, major U.S. manufacturing companies mobilised politically to defend their long-standing hegemony. Despite notable policy victories concerning labour, regulation, and fiscal policy, the self-appointed ‘mouthpieces’ of U.S. industry failed to cohere around a clear agenda to confront the decline of U.S. manufacturing. By considering the trade positions promoted by the Business Roundtable, this article suggests that corporate elites misdiagnosed their own weaknesses and thus mobilised around policy preferences that quickly became outdated. The political and intellectual legacy of earlier battles ultimately prevented the Business Roundtable from developing or defending a pro-active industrial policy. By evaluating this confused rhetoric and stubborn adherence to antiquated analysis, the article highlights a crucial irony at the heart of modern business activism: the very political vision that had proved so important to their initial mobilisation ultimately hamstrung firms’ efforts to mitigate deindustrialisation.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 329-344
Issue: 2
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1863949
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1863949
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# input file: FBSH_A_2130896_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Glenda Sluga
Author-X-Name-First: Glenda
Author-X-Name-Last: Sluga
Title: Business transnationalism, looking from the outside in
Abstract: 
 This afterword looks back at the transnational history of business to argue that the history of transnational business associations prospectively opens a vista onto a new kind of methodological cosmopolitanism.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 382-388
Issue: 2
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2130896
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2022.2130896
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# input file: FBSH_A_1892643_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Ludovic Iberg
Author-X-Name-First: Ludovic
Author-X-Name-Last: Iberg
Title: Fighting for a neoliberal Europe: Swiss business associations and the UNICE, 1970–1978
Abstract: 
 The 1970s were a defining moment for the European business associations, which were faced with the most important social upheavals of the post-war period, a major economic crisis and the British process of accession to the EEC. This article aims to broaden our knowledge of how Swiss business leaders contributed, during this tumultuous period, to lead the European institutions towards further economic liberalisation. This article intends to demonstrate that their main strategy to promote their own interests was to rely on and even accentuate the contradictions between the main European business circles. Moreover, this article aims to highlight the gradual emergence, during the period, of a bloc of European employers and to investigate the role of the main Swiss trade association in what has been known as the ‘neoliberal turn’.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 366-381
Issue: 2
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1892643
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1892643
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# input file: FBSH_A_2025218_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Grace Ballor
Author-X-Name-First: Grace
Author-X-Name-Last: Ballor
Title: Liberalisation or protectionism for the single market? European automakers and Japanese competition, 1985–1999
Abstract: 
 In 1991, in the midst of the program to create a liberal Single European Market and in the context of a new Joint Declaration for cooperation with Japan, the European Commission brokered a private deal to restrict Japanese imports into the European Community for nearly a decade (1993–1999). These ‘Elements of Consensus’ developed from the collective efforts of European automakers and their business interest associations – the CCMC and ACEA – to shape the Community’s Common Commercial Policy and insulate themselves from the threat of Japanese competition. Drawing evidence from archival documents, this article reconstructs how European automakers lobbied the Commission for protections and how the Commission used these protections as a means for regional market liberalisation. As a result, it contributes new dimensions to scholarship on the influence of corporations in politics in general and the relationship between business and European integration in particular.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 302-328
Issue: 2
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.2025218
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.2025218
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# input file: FBSH_A_2049042_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Nicolaas Strydom
Author-X-Name-First: Nicolaas
Author-X-Name-Last: Strydom
Title: Capital and Colonialism: The Return on British Investments in Africa, 1869–1969
Journal: Business History
Pages: 574-575
Issue: 3
Volume: 65
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2049042
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2022.2049042
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# input file: FBSH_A_1802429_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Cemil Ozan Soydemir
Author-X-Name-First: Cemil Ozan
Author-X-Name-Last: Soydemir
Author-Name: Mehmet Erçek
Author-X-Name-First: Mehmet
Author-X-Name-Last: Erçek
Title: State and transforming institutional logics: the emergence and demise of Ottoman cooperatives as hybrid organizational forms, 1861–1888
Abstract: 
 This study demonstrates the emergence, subsequent diffusion, and early demise of Ottoman agricultural credit cooperatives, called Memleket Sandiks (OMSs), as they represent unique hybrid forms that blend state, community, and market logics in a single organizational configuration. The study narrates how changes in the Ottoman Empire’s institutional order during the Tanzimat era enabled conditions that led to the emergence of OMSs. Subsequently, the practices of the form transformed, especially after the Russian-Ottoman War, concomitant with further changes in Ottoman society’s institutional order. Although OMSs initially enjoyed legitimacy granted by the Ottoman State, the shift towards dominating state logic in the Hamidian era led to the erosion of practices animated by market and community logics. The form was discontinued as the increasingly autocratic state levied taxes and preyed upon the accumulated surplus, which disabled agglomerative capacity of sandiks and diminished the solidarity among cooperative members.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 423-453
Issue: 3
Volume: 65
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1802429
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1802429
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# input file: FBSH_A_1906227_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Paula Jarzabkowski
Author-X-Name-First: Paula
Author-X-Name-Last: Jarzabkowski
Author-Name: Rebecca Bednarek
Author-X-Name-First: Rebecca
Author-X-Name-Last: Bednarek
Author-Name: Wendy Kilminster
Author-X-Name-First: Wendy
Author-X-Name-Last: Kilminster
Author-Name: Paul Spee
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Spee
Title: An integrative approach to investigating longstanding organisational phenomena; opportunities for practice theorists and historians
Abstract: 
 We add to the ongoing call for greater integration between organisational and history scholarship. Specifically, we contribute by identifying reciprocal opportunities for practice theorists and historians interested in the unfolding of socio-historic patterns over space and time. Through contrasting two studies of ‘relationship’ in the international reinsurance industry – one an ethnographic, practice-based study, the other an archival, historic analysis – we illuminate the differences between and also complementarities of the two approaches. Understanding such differences provides the foundation for a more reflexive construction of future research design. Using the insights gained by contrasting the two studies we show how a more integrative approach allows the extension of organisational constructs and theories.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 414-422
Issue: 3
Volume: 65
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1906227
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1906227
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# input file: FBSH_A_1807952_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Nicholas D. Wong
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wong
Author-Name: Tom McGovern
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: McGovern
Title: Entrepreneurial strategies in a family business: growth and capital conversions in historical perspective
Abstract: 
 This article focuses on the entrepreneurial and pro-social activities of William Rushworth II from 1897 to 1944. He inherited a family business modest in scale, which eventually became one of the largest music houses in the world. The Company business model incorporated entrepreneurial and pro-social activities. Our theoretical model shows the transmutability of the forms of capital and how they were utilised by William to identify productive opportunities in the music industry sub-field. Our findings show that converting cultural capital into economic capital was of prime importance to an entrepreneur operating within the cultural industries. Bridging social capital was vital to build links vertically and horizontally across the industry value chain to transform cultural capital into symbolic and economic capital. Intra-field habitus hybridisation was utilised to transfer practices within the different sub-fields of the cultural industries. William transformed his economic capital into social and cultural capital through his support and sponsorship of music and the arts. Business success led to appointments to prestigious organisations and entry into the field of power.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 454-478
Issue: 3
Volume: 65
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1807952
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1807952
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# input file: FBSH_A_2053371_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Sheryllynne Haggerty
Author-X-Name-First: Sheryllynne
Author-X-Name-Last: Haggerty
Title: Quakers in the British Atlantic World, 1660-1800
Journal: Business History
Pages: 580-581
Issue: 3
Volume: 65
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2053371
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2022.2053371
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# input file: FBSH_A_1825689_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Kiyotaka Maeda
Author-X-Name-First: Kiyotaka
Author-X-Name-Last: Maeda
Title: Market-based financing for small corporations during early industrialisation: The case of salt corporations in Japan, 1880s–1910s
Abstract: 
 This study investigates how small corporations in rural areas of Japan obtained funding from the 1880 s through the 1910s and reassesses the role of market-based financing for Japanese small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). While most previous literature shows that Japan effectively used bank-based financing for SMEs, this study provides evidence that corporations of various sizes, including small ones in rural areas, arranged funding through the stock and bond markets during Japan’s early industrialisation period. While this type of financing arrangement helped promote early industrialisation, it also strengthened the dual economy during full-fledged industrialisation.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 502-524
Issue: 3
Volume: 65
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1825689
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1825689
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# input file: FBSH_A_1900118_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Jonas Scherner
Author-X-Name-First: Jonas
Author-X-Name-Last: Scherner
Author-Name: Mark Spoerer
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Spoerer
Title: Infant company protection in the German semi-synthetic fibre industry: Market power, technology, the Nazi government and the post-1945 world market
Abstract: 
 In the 1920 and early 1930s, the German semi-synthetic fibre industry was dominated by a duopoly of two big players. The incumbent firms were not willing to expand their staple fibre capacities to the extent demanded by the new Nazi government, which prepared for autarky and war. Hence the government encouraged other private companies, especially spinning mills, to found eight regional staple fibre plants and protected them against the incumbents who were technologically superior. The Nazis’ infant company protection policy enabled the ­newcomers to become competitive both in economic and technological terms within a few years. After the war and without protection, these firms flourished on the world market. While the big players left the market, two of the newcomers founded in the second half of the 1930s are today the last European producers of staple fibre. We analyse in detail why companies founded for protectionist reasons by a non-benign government became successful firms competing on the world market.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 541-571
Issue: 3
Volume: 65
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1900118
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1900118
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# input file: FBSH_A_1821659_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Stefan Lagrosen
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan
Author-X-Name-Last: Lagrosen
Author-Name: Achinto Roy
Author-X-Name-First: Achinto
Author-X-Name-Last: Roy
Title: Entrepreneurial relationship marketing in 19th century India – The case of railway contractor Joseph Stephens
Abstract: 
 Our article is based on the diaries of Joseph Stephens, a 19th century Swedish railway contractor in British India. The Stephens’ diaries, discovered in 2008, are the only one of their kind, offering an insight into the life of a railway contractor from that era. The diaries reveal a web of networks and relationships that helped Stephens achieve success as a small-scale railway contractor. We use the theoretical lens of Gummesson’s entrepreneurial relationship marketing to analyse Stephens’ network of social and work relationships and find a connection between his networks and Gummesson’s framework. We contribute to literature by presenting a different perspective on railway contractors from that period and propose that business practices of the past can be studied vis-à-vis contemporary theories of entrepreneurship and marketing.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 525-540
Issue: 3
Volume: 65
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1821659
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1821659
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# input file: FBSH_A_2053048_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Isabella Cecchini
Author-X-Name-First: Isabella
Author-X-Name-Last: Cecchini
Title: L’Arsenale di venezia. Da grande complesso industriale a risorsa patrimoniale
Journal: Business History
Pages: 576-577
Issue: 3
Volume: 65
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2053048
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2022.2053048
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# input file: FBSH_A_2046383_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Ghassan Moazzin
Author-X-Name-First: Ghassan
Author-X-Name-Last: Moazzin
Title: Chinese hinterland capitalism and shanxi piaohao: Banking, state, and family, 1720-1910
Journal: Business History
Pages: 572-573
Issue: 3
Volume: 65
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2046383
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2022.2046383
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# input file: FBSH_A_1844667_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: James Derbyshire
Author-X-Name-First: James
Author-X-Name-Last: Derbyshire
Title: Cross-fertilising scenario planning and business history by process-tracing historical developments: Aiding counterfactual reasoning and uncovering history to come
Abstract: 
 Scenario planning is a tool for considering alternative futures and their potential impact. The article firstly addresses the paucity of history on management tools by discussing several important lineages in scenario planning’s evolution over time, and the emphasis placed on historical analysis by some specific variants therein. Secondly, it describes how causal analysis can be enhanced in scenario planning by process-tracing important historical developments. Thirdly, it outlines how a scenario planning that incorporates history in this way can assist historians to identify counterfactuals and understand the relative importance of alternative causes, thus enriching historical accounts. It can also enable business historians’ research on the relationship between businesses and their external environments, and on management decision-making. In concluding, scholars of scenario planning and business history are urged to open a mutually-beneficial dialogue. The article initiates this by setting out some ways in which they can cross-fertilise each other.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 479-501
Issue: 3
Volume: 65
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1844667
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1844667
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# input file: FBSH_A_1808885_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Robin Pearson
Author-X-Name-First: Robin
Author-X-Name-Last: Pearson
Title: Normative practices, narrative fallacies? International reinsurance and its history
Abstract: 
 Reinsurance is often characterised as a business built on personal relationships, goodwill and mutual trust. However, at different times in its history observers have warned that technological and other changes threaten the survival of normative practices in the industry. This article investigates what was involved in the micro-business of reinsurance and how that business changed since its early days. It raises questions about the characterization of normative reinsurance practice and about the role of memory in the assessment of continuity and change.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 397-413
Issue: 3
Volume: 65
Year: 2022
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1808885
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1808885
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# input file: FBSH_A_1821658_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Elena San Román
Author-X-Name-First: Elena
Author-X-Name-Last: San Román
Author-Name: Nuria Puig
Author-X-Name-First: Nuria
Author-X-Name-Last: Puig
Author-Name: Águeda Gil-López
Author-X-Name-First: Águeda
Author-X-Name-Last: Gil-López
Title: German Capital and the development of the Spanish hotel industry (1950s-1990s): A tale of two strategic alliances
Abstract: 
 This article examines the long-term development of two strategic alliances between major Spanish (RUI and Iberostar) and German (TUI and Neckermann) tourist firms. Our research builds on the literature on foreign direct investment and institutionalism applied to cross-border cooperation, yet using business history research methods. The study aims to understand how the local Spanish context shaped the interaction between foreign and domestic firms and how this interaction influenced the development of the Spanish companies. Our cases suggest that the Spanish institutional framework affected the nature and strength of alliances. Foreign partners were crucial in providing financial and commercial support, brand consolidation, market knowledge and reputation. However, local actors also played an important role as proactive partners eager to develop their domestic business and upgrade their existing capabilities. Ultimately this strategy would contribute to the internationalisation of Spanish firms after 1990.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 762-786
Issue: 4
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1821658
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1821658
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:65:y:2023:i:4:p:762-786



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# input file: FBSH_A_1918675_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Enrico Berbenni
Author-X-Name-First: Enrico
Author-X-Name-Last: Berbenni
Title: The pitfalls of multinational banking: The case of Italian banks in Egypt before WWII
Abstract: 
 The activity of Italian banks in Egypt represents an almost unexplored field of investigation in economic history. This article is the first to attempt to add to the Italian banking literature in this area. At the same time, it contributes to the multinational banking literature on the characteristics of banks belonging to multinational groups, which are subject to a ‘liability of foreignness’ due to differences between the home country and the host economy. The paper explains the short-lived success of Italian banks, which were able to occupy primary positions in the Egyptian banking sector thanks to an aggressive policy focussed on the cotton market. It then highlights the reasons for the subsequent problems these institutes faced, showing the difficulties of a latecomer and capital-poor country, such as Italy, in carrying out a catching-up process aimed at widening its influence over geographical areas considered strategic in terms of political and commercial penetration.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 719-739
Issue: 4
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1918675
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1918675
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# input file: FBSH_A_1907347_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Emmanuel Mourlon-Druol
Author-X-Name-First: Emmanuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Mourlon-Druol
Title: Banking on détente: Barclays, Paribas, and Société Générale in Poland, 1950s-1980s
Abstract: 
 This article examines how the cold war influenced the conduct of banking business in Eastern Europe, by focusing on the case of Barclays’, Paribas’, and Société Générale’s involvement in Poland from the 1950s to the 1980s. Based on archival evidence, this article illustrates the multiple facets of banking in a period of all-level confrontation between two systems: search of new business opportunities; facilitation of East-West trade; contribution to foreign policy goals; ill-preparation to new country risks. The article argues that these banks increasingly relied on Western European governments’ desire to pursue a process of relaxation of cold war tensions towards the Eastern European countries, known as détente, taking place since the late 1960s.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 699-718
Issue: 4
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1907347
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1907347
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:65:y:2023:i:4:p:699-718



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# input file: FBSH_A_1883000_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Qing Lu
Author-X-Name-First: Qing
Author-X-Name-Last: Lu
Author-Name: Steven Toms
Author-X-Name-First: Steven
Author-X-Name-Last: Toms
Author-Name: Yingqi Wei
Author-X-Name-First: Yingqi
Author-X-Name-Last: Wei
Title: From light touch to top management control: HSBC’s integration of its first two acquired subsidiaries 1960-1980
Abstract: 
 This research contributes to British multinational banking history, post-acquisition integration and legitimacy research, by exploring HSBC’s top management control integration with its first two acquired British banks, during the period 1960–1980, from the social psychological perspective of legitimacy judgement. It explores why HSBC’s key decision-maker’s legitimacy judgement of the initial decision to retain its acquired subsidiaries’ top management control shifted from legitimate to illegitimate and how HSBC built legitimacy for its integration decisions with the subsidiaries’ staff. It thus complements Chandler (1990) and Jones (1993) by exploring the critical role played by individuals in the integration process and showing that slower integration also had benefits for the parent’s Group interests due to the distinctive characteristics of the banking business. In addition, due to the uniqueness of HSBC, this research also has some indications for research about the post-acquisition integration of emerging market-based multinationals.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 656-678
Issue: 4
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1883000
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1883000
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:65:y:2023:i:4:p:656-678



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# input file: FBSH_A_1830063_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Simon Hussain
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Hussain
Title: The development of the chartered financial analyst in the United States during the twentieth century
Abstract: 
 This article examines the rise of a professional rating for financial analysts – the Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) award. The development of a professional rating is explained here as a need to brand and distinguish those analysts who had undertaken a formal training and achieved the necessary skill-sets. Three themes are used to trace this development: the emergence of regional communities of analysts, leading to a national federation and the CFA institute in the post-war years; the development of a formal body of knowledge which could be examined formally; and the need for a code of ethics, as existed for established professions. This study applies elements of a technological deterministic model, augmented with the concept of epistemic communities, to the emergence of the CFA.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 606-635
Issue: 4
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1830063
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1830063
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# input file: FBSH_A_1893696_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: G. Meeks
Author-X-Name-First: G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Meeks
Author-Name: G. Whittington
Author-X-Name-First: G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Whittington
Title: Death on the stock exchange: The fate of the 1948 population of large UK quoted companies, 1948–2018
Abstract: 
 This article provides a long-term demographic analysis of the principal members of the population of companies quoted on the UK stock exchanges in 1948. Motivated by theories of natural selection and of corporate governance, it traces the survival records of the 1948 population over the biblical ‘threescore years and ten’ to 2018. Of the population of 1513 companies in 1948, only 19 survived for the full seventy years. The survival rate, as captured by the half-life of companies in the population, is remarkably stable over the period. As well as charting death rates over time, the study explores the causes of death – takeover, failure, etc. Also it analyses the relationship between survival and the characteristics of the firm and its environment.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 679-698
Issue: 4
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1893696
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1893696
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# input file: FBSH_A_1820988_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Pablo Díaz-Morlán
Author-X-Name-First: Pablo
Author-X-Name-Last: Díaz-Morlán
Author-Name: Miguel Á. Sáez-García
Author-X-Name-First: Miguel Á.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sáez-García
Title: The paradox of scrap and the European steel industry’s loss of leadership (1950–1970)
Abstract: 
 According to Neil Rollings and Laurent Warlouzet, the historical analysis of the European competition policy has been a priority in the research on institutions but the reaction of companies to these policies has received less attention. This study highlights the importance of analyzing how public policies affect business strategies in innovation. More specifically, how the policy adopted by the High Authority of the ECSC regarding the scrap market influenced the strategies implemented by the steelmakers in the innovation of their production processes. The High Authority banned exports and established maximum prices and a system to equalise internal prices with import prices. This policy was considered a success by both institutions and companies. It decisively influenced the scrap price to be maintained at affordable levels in Europe. But this success in resolving the scrap problem created a larger one as it delayed innovation. This was the scrap paradox suffered by Europe.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 740-761
Issue: 4
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1820988
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1820988
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# input file: FBSH_A_1844668_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: William Quinn
Author-X-Name-First: William
Author-X-Name-Last: Quinn
Author-Name: John D. Turner
Author-X-Name-First: John D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Turner
Title: Bubbles in history
Abstract: 
 Bubbles have become ubiquitous. This ubiquity has stimulated research over the past three decades into bubbles in history. In this article, we provide a systematic overview of research into historical bubbles. Our analysis reveals that there is no coherent approach to the study of bubbles and much of the debate has unhelpfully focussed on the rationality/irrationality dichotomy. We then suggest a new framework for the study of historical bubbles, which helps us understand the causes of bubbles and their economic consequences. We conclude by suggesting ways in which business history can contribute to the study of historical bubbles.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 636-655
Issue: 4
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1844668
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1844668
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# input file: FBSH_A_1821660_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Monica J. Keneley
Author-X-Name-First: Monica J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Keneley
Title: The shifting corporate culture in the financial services industry: Explaining the emergence of the ‘culture of greed’ in an Australian Financial Services Company
Abstract: 
 In Australia in 2018, a Royal Commission investigating misconduct within the financial services sector uncovered systemic problems associated with the provision of financial services. The Commission concluded that the causes of the problems identified lay with the systems and cultures cultivated by the businesses involved. An analysis of the environment in which financial services firms evolved provides greater understandings of corporate behaviour in this regard. The conclusion drawn is that in the post deregulation environment a number of factors combined to produce settings in which undesirable behaviours could occur. Competitive pressures led to unwise business decisions. Associated with this, turnover at the executive level led to a lack of continuity and a loss of corporate memory with its associated value structures. Combined with an emphasis on short term outcomes this resulted in behaviours that were contrary to ethical business codes.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 583-605
Issue: 4
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1821660
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1821660
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# input file: FBSH_A_1623787_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Michael Aldous
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Aldous
Title: From traders to planters: The evolving role and importance of trading companies in the 19th century Anglo-Indian Indigo trade
Abstract: 
 Globalisation in the late--nineteenth century was driven by expansion of global commodity trades. These processes are predominantly explained as the result of changes in technology and policy. Less attention is paid to the trading companies undertaking these activities. To understand their importance in global trade this article examines their role in the significant Anglo-Indian indigo trade. It reveals they innovated their organisation and structure of the trade to lower a range of transaction costs and improve market coordination, leading to an expansion in the trade. Explanations of globalisation can be improved by accounting for the evolving role of trading companies.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 803-820
Issue: 5
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1623787
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1623787
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# input file: FBSH_A_1676232_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Alexandra Papadopoulou
Author-X-Name-First: Alexandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Papadopoulou
Title: Foreign merchant businesses and the integration of the Black and Azov Seas of the Russian Empire into the First global economy
Abstract: 
 This article is a study of merchant businesses of different ethno-religious backgrounds, especially of Greek and Jewish, involved in grain trade of the Black sea and the southern provinces of the Russian Empire and the interrelation between their business organization and practices and the integration of this region into the international economy of the 19th century. It draws upon the historical discussion on the role of merchant firms in the creation of the first global economy. I use the case of the Black Sea to emphasize on the organization and strategies of different merchant groups and the competitive patterns between them, within the geographical, institutional and technological context in the course of the 19th century, as a crucial factor in the expansion of grain trade with the Western European markets.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 821-847
Issue: 5
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1676232
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1676232
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# input file: FBSH_A_1687688_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Hiromi Mizuno
Author-X-Name-First: Hiromi
Author-X-Name-Last: Mizuno
Author-Name: Ines Prodöhl
Author-X-Name-First: Ines
Author-X-Name-Last: Prodöhl
Title: Mitsui Bussan and the Manchurian soybean trade: Geopolitics and economic strategies in China’s Northeast, ca. 1870s–1920s
Abstract: 
 This article examines how soybeans became a global commodity, by focusing on the intermediary role of the Japanese trading company Mitsui Bussan. In the early twentieth century, soybeans were almost exclusively grown in Northeast China, also known as Manchuria. Their global commodification was a result of complex imperial rivalries among China, Japan, and Russia in northeast China as well as the rapid rise of vegetable oil consumption in Europe. We demonstrate how Mitsui Bussan navigated the shifting geopolitical terrain by taking advantage of the competition between the Russian and Japanese empires, utilizing Chinese middlemen effectively, and securing support from the Japanese government and military. By placing the soybean trade in a geopolitical context, we shed light on how global commodity markets, trade, and international relations were intertwined.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 880-901
Issue: 5
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1687688
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1687688
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# input file: FBSH_A_1693544_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Bastian Linneweh
Author-X-Name-First: Bastian
Author-X-Name-Last: Linneweh
Title: Global trading companies in the commodity chain of rubber between 1890 and the 1920s
Abstract: 
 The article deals with the rubber boom at the beginning of the 20th century, which fundamentally changed the global rubber market. Trading companies played a crucial role in this development, connecting the areas of production with centres of commerce and with places of industrial usage of rubber. The article follows the transformation from a wild rubber to a plantation rubber industry by using a global commodity chain approach to compare the function and position of German and British firms in the global rubber market. It combines the chain analysis with the theory of transaction costs to discuss the strategies of trading firms in these changing environments of globalisation. The article reveals that transaction cost explains only a part of the transformation, while institutional settings played a major role for the strategy of trading firms.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 863-879
Issue: 5
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1693544
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1693544
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# input file: FBSH_A_1687687_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Amy Stambach
Author-X-Name-First: Amy
Author-X-Name-Last: Stambach
Title: Sourcing and shipping museum objects from East Africa to the Smithsonian, 1887–1891
Abstract: 
 This article presents new research on the sourcing and shipping of museum objects from the Kilimanjaro Region, located in present-day Tanzania, to the Smithsonian Institution, located in Washington, DC. Through analysis of the personal letters of Smithsonian naturalist William Louis Abbott, who relied on protection from one particularly powerful leader in Kilimanjaro, Mangi Mandara, the article argues that the co-existence of formal economic exchange and informal gift-exchange were very much integral to the late nineteenth-century the late nineteenth-century East African transcontinental and maritime economy–even as this transcontinental trade was shifting from trans-Indian Ocean and Arabian Sea orientations toward Anglo-German and American ports, albeit briefly.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 848-862
Issue: 5
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1687687
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1687687
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# input file: FBSH_A_1688302_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Thomas David DuBois
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas David
Author-X-Name-Last: DuBois
Title: Branding and retail strategy in the condensed milk trade: Borden and Nestlé in East Asia, 1870–1929
Abstract: 
 This article examines the branding, retail and consumer acceptance of condensed milk in Asian markets during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The two giants of the trade, Borden in the United States and Nestlé & Anglo-Swiss in Europe, each carved out distinct new markets in colonial Southeast Asia, but only the latter was committed to maintaining a long term presence, investing in local production and marketing, and taking over rights to Borden’s well-known Eagle brand after the Great War. As Nestlé expanded into Japan and China, its brand-led strategy faced new challenges of protectionism and a wave of lower priced knockoff products. Lacking a dedicated local partner, Nestlé lost ground, but remained focussed on retaining the integrity of its premium brands, a strategy that served it well over the long term.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 902-919
Issue: 5
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1688302
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1688302
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# input file: FBSH_A_1625331_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Robrecht Declercq
Author-X-Name-First: Robrecht
Author-X-Name-Last: Declercq
Title: Natural born merchants. The Hudson Bay Company, science and Canada’s final fur frontiers (1925–1931)
Abstract: 
 This article explores the use of science and technology of the Hudson Bay Company, by examining the company’s development department (1925–1931). It focuses, first, on the cooperation between the development department and the renowned animal ecologist Charles Elton. Scientific practices of the department were also instrumental in supporting the company’s expansive strategy, of finding and commercialising Canada’s Arctic north. While the department remained short-lived, the article largely affirms the general view that science and technology played a minor role for trading companies. Yet it gives us a much better understanding of precisely why such a connection is difficult. The case also illustrates that scientific practices could and did play a role for trading companies, and had a specific value in modernising and expanding trade operations. Especially so in organising new supply chains in remote and new territory, and not only to support diversification operations, as it is usually argued.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 920-934
Issue: 5
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2019.1625331
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2019.1625331
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# input file: FBSH_A_2172163_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Marten Boon
Author-X-Name-First: Marten
Author-X-Name-Last: Boon
Author-Name: Espen Storli
Author-X-Name-First: Espen
Author-X-Name-Last: Storli
Title: Creating global capitalism: An introduction to commodity trading companies and the first global economy
Abstract: 
 During the first global economy, commodity trading companies emerged as important organisers of the global trade in commodities. The article has four main aims. In the first part we introduce the existing literature, explain the basics of commodity trading and discuss theoretical concepts and frameworks for understanding the business. In the second part we present the context of the first global economy and discuss why specialised commodity traders started to become important in this period. In the third part we propose a research agenda for using the global value chain framework from institutional economics to provide an appropriate link between the agency of the trading companies and the structural drivers of trade globalisation. In the final part, we introduce the seven articles which make up the special issue.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 787-802
Issue: 5
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2023.2172163
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2023.2172163
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# input file: FBSH_A_1907346_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Nicholas A. Phelps
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Phelps
Author-Name: Andrew M. Wood
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wood
Title: Market maker? The Fantus Company and the making of a market for location in the United States
Abstract: 
 Large firms are faced with an ever-widening array of consultancy services and providers. From management consulting to accounting to logistics to human relations, the professional services industry has seen extraordinary growth in the number of firms and range of services they provide. In this paper, we examine the history of one consultancy firm, albeit a small and particular one. The Fantus Factory Locating Service was established in 1919 and pioneered what we know today as the site selection or location consulting industry. Brokering between firms and communities seeking to attract investment, Fantus was able to structure and powerfully shape the landscape of economic activity in the United States. Drawing on a variety of secondary sources and a primary source of archived company files the paper examines the growth of the firm, the nature and scale of its work and its extraordinary and lasting influence on the changing US economic landscape.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1029-1047
Issue: 6
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1907346
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1907346
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# input file: FBSH_A_1909572_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Adam Nix
Author-X-Name-First: Adam
Author-X-Name-Last: Nix
Author-Name: Stephanie Decker
Author-X-Name-First: Stephanie
Author-X-Name-Last: Decker
Title: Using digital sources: the future of business history?
Abstract: 
 As historians start researching the late twentieth century, they are increasingly finding traces of the past created digitally. At the same time, use of computers to digitise analogue material means that many pre-digital sources have been reproduced digitally. As such, future historical research will increasingly include digital forms of evidence and computer-based research tools. This article explores how such resources might be used within business history, bridging the gap to digital history, and reflecting upon their methodological implications. We present a framework for distinguishing between sources, elaborating their differing digital characteristics and historical authenticity. We then draw on our own use of digital company records and media archives to outline two different ways digital sources can be interrogated by business historians. We argue that digital sources afford unique insights and new opportunities for historical knowledge production, but to access them, business historians will likely adapt aspects of their future practice.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1048-1071
Issue: 6
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1909572
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1909572
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# input file: FBSH_A_1856079_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Irina Yányshev-Nésterova
Author-X-Name-First: Irina
Author-X-Name-Last: Yányshev-Nésterova
Title: Soviet big business: The rise and fall of the state corporation Sovrybflot, 1965-1991
Abstract: 
 This article explores the economic policies of Sovrybflot, the Soviet fishing fleet, which was consolidated in 1965 within the USSR Ministry of Fisheries and oriented to a maritime fishing framework of 200-mile exclusive economic zones, implemented by the United Nations. The present study, which draws on accounting records and other primary documents held in the Russian State Archive of the Economy, argues that the Red Multinational Sovrybflot enlarged the USSR’s economic impact on fisheries and helped to create Red Globalisation. However, Sovrybflot acted in the global market under the financial parameters established by Soviet accounting practices, which produced discrepancies (covered by the state) between planned and real losses. The dissolution of the USSR, combined with the privatisation of Sovrybflot and the loss of public financial support, led to a decline in the Soviet maritime and fishing presence worldwide and forced the company into bankruptcy.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1005-1028
Issue: 6
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1856079
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1856079
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# input file: FBSH_A_1926990_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Ian Webster
Author-X-Name-First: Ian
Author-X-Name-Last: Webster
Title: The decline of companies and voluntary organisations as infrastructure providers in nineteenth-century England
Abstract: 
 By 1900, local authorities had succeeded companies and voluntary organisations as the major providers of utilities, schools and hospitals. This article examines why the role of companies and voluntary organisations diminished. It does this by comparing the financial results of companies, voluntary organisations and local authorities to identify the differing objectives they pursued. The results show that the priority for companies was short term dividend payments, while voluntary organisations put their charitable objectives first. In contrast, local authorities invested heavily to promote long term growth. Councils also pursued this objective by taking over a significant number of utility companies and voluntary schools.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1099-1117
Issue: 6
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1926990
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1926990
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# input file: FBSH_A_1844665_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Andrew Primmer
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Primmer
Title: British overseas railway investment and economic development: The Colombian National Railway Company and its impact on the Colombian interior
Abstract: 
 This study explores the financial performance and economic impact of British investment in the Colombian National Railway Company, the largest British direct investment in Colombia during the first period of globalisation. It aims to ascertain the railway’s impact on the regional economy and explain why it failed as a going concern. It explores three dimensions: the use of guaranteed railway bonds, the financial performance of the company, and the economic impact within different sectors of the local economy. The article implements existing methods such as financial analysis, internal rate of return, social savings, counterfactual analysis, and tailors these to a case study methodology for a micro business history of a single company. The article provides three main conclusions. Railway bond guarantees were critical to completion of the railway but detrimental to its long-term financial viability. The company was operationally profitable but stymied by construction delays. The railway contributed to growth of the export sector, internal agricultural trade, and government revenues. Contributions include tailoring the social savings method to a local rather than national focus, re-evaluation of the role of railways in Colombian economic growth, and exploring the influence of railways on internal trade within Latin American economies.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/00076791.2020.1844665.This article has been corrected with minor changes. These changes do not impact the academic content of the article.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 935-958
Issue: 6
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1844665
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1844665
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# input file: FBSH_A_1907345_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Karolina Hutková
Author-X-Name-First: Karolina
Author-X-Name-Last: Hutková
Title: West Indies technologies in the East Indies: Imperial preference and sugar business in Bihar, 1800–1850s
Abstract: 
 Today India is among the major sugar producers and sugar-making has a long tradition, yet the adoption of modern sugar technologies was delayed. Which factors underpinned this? This article examines the attempts of European sugar entrepreneurs to adopt new sugar technologies in 1830s–1840s Bihar. Its findings correspond with recent literature on Indian economic development which emphasises the role of declining agricultural productivity in economic stagnation in the colonial period. This article supports the conclusions that low agricultural productivity was the outcome of inadequate investment on the part of the British Empire. It also highlights that in the case of commercial crops – such as sugar – investment into new technologies with potential for increasing productivity was hindered by British trade policies. As British imperial policies gave preference to the welfare of the British consumer, lacked consideration for colonial manufacturing, they did not create a beneficial environment for long-run investment projects.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1072-1098
Issue: 6
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1907345
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1907345
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# input file: FBSH_A_1856078_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: John Singleton
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Singleton
Title: Origins of disaster management: the British mine rescue system, c. 1900 to c. 1930
Abstract: 
 Disaster management is a neglected area of British business history. Industrial disasters led to significant loss of life and imposed considerable costs on firms involved. This article examines the emergence of a network of mine rescue stations across UK coalfields in the early twentieth century, making use of previously overlooked records of mine rescue station boards. Pioneering mine rescue stations were established in Yorkshire at coalowners’ initiative in 1901 and 1902, a few years before provision of rescue stations and breathing apparatus became mandatory. As well as rescue operations, these facilities were used to put out colliery fires and restore damaged mines. The involvement of coalowners in mine rescue also signalled that the industry was interested in miner safety at a time of growing unrest. The article concludes that there is scope for much more research into the early years of disaster management in the mines and in other industries.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 983-1004
Issue: 6
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1856078
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# input file: FBSH_A_1844666_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Unni Pillai
Author-X-Name-First: Unni
Author-X-Name-Last: Pillai
Title: The origins of the tools suppliers in the semiconductor industry
Abstract: 
 Technological progress in semiconductor chips plays a central role in enabling the Information Technology revolution. Continual technological progress in semiconductor chips, which has become popular under the name of Moore’s Law, reduces the cost of storing and processing information. While the role of the semiconductor chip manufacturing companies in driving Moore’s Law is well known, less attention has been given to the equally important role played by upstream suppliers who produce the tools that are necessary to make the chips. In the early stages of the industry, the chip manufacturers made their own tools in-house. Using data at the initial stages of the industry and a wealth of publicly available information from interviews with industry pioneers conducted as part of oral history projects, this article examines how (i) market size (ii) heterogeneity in firm capabilities (iii) geographic proximity to manufacturing clusters, influenced the emergence of these semiconductor tools suppliers.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 959-982
Issue: 6
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1844666
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# input file: FBSH_A_1819242_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Anna Calori
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Calori
Title: Losing the global: (Re)building a Bosnian enterprise across transition
Abstract: 
 This article charts the rise and fall of Yugoslavia’s global economic project through the case of Energoinvest, a large enterprise in Bosnia and Herzegovina. This company was the protagonist first of a ‘leap outwards’, embedded in Yugoslavia’s economic partnerships with the Global South. After a brief phase of reforms, its operations were halted abruptly by the outbreak of the war in Bosnia. Afterwards, the company was at the centre of two clashing visions of post-war economic development, and two different sets of notions about what the future configuration of Bosnia’s post-socialist economy should look like. Should the country rely on its previous socialist-global giants, or should it turn to SMEs development? This debate reveals a complex and long-term discussion about the prospects of post-socialist semi-peripheries in the global economy, about notions, visions, and expectations of ‘globality’, and about the legacies of socialist globalisation after the collapse of state socialism.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1226-1241
Issue: 7
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1819242
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1819242
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# input file: FBSH_A_2234827_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Vladimir Unkovski-Korica
Author-X-Name-First: Vladimir
Author-X-Name-Last: Unkovski-Korica
Author-Name: Saša Vejzagić
Author-X-Name-First: Saša
Author-X-Name-Last: Vejzagić
Title: Business history goes East: An introduction
Abstract: 
 This article introduces the special issue ‘Socialist Entrepreneurs? Business Histories of the GDR and Yugoslavia’. It starts with a review of the growing literature on the history of business organisation in the Global East, or the Second World in the Cold War. It then argues that mainstream business history struggles to incorporate the findings of this emerging body of work, relying as it does on the traditional view of the Soviet-style firm as primarily a production function. We show that a more nuanced view, exploring a greater variety of experiences in the USSR and beyond it, has now developed, through the use of fresh archival evidence and the combination of business history with other historical and disciplinary approaches. Focusing on the GDR and Yugoslavia, the seven contributions in this special issue showcase new directions in the field and demonstrate how we gain innovative perspectives by taking business history ‘eastwards’.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1119-1136
Issue: 7
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2023.2234827
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# input file: FBSH_A_2157403_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Eszter Bartha
Author-X-Name-First: Eszter
Author-X-Name-Last: Bartha
Title: Workers against technocrats: The failed economic reform and the rise of consumer socialism in the German Democratic Republic
Abstract: 
 The article seeks to investigate the working-class background of the failure of the economic reform of the 1960s in the German Democratic Republic (GDR). The reform attempted to bring more incentives and market-like elements into labour organisation and management practices. However, there was an essential discrepancy between loyal party work and strong ideological commitment, and the ‘capitalist’ managerial practices. Despite the fact that the SED (the Communist Party of the GDR) invested a lot in the training of socialist technocrats, the regime’s rigid ideology and its political constraints severely curtailed the extent to which technocrats could deploy their expertise. Egalitarianism and the ‘workerist’ ideology of the Party were effective obstacles in the implementation of the ‘scientific-technical revolution’, thus making a case for an aborted Fordism or a failed socialist modernity.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1194-1208
Issue: 7
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2157403
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# input file: FBSH_A_2134348_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Gareth Dale
Author-X-Name-First: Gareth
Author-X-Name-Last: Dale
Author-Name: Vladimir Unkovski-Korica
Author-X-Name-First: Vladimir
Author-X-Name-Last: Unkovski-Korica
Title: Varieties of capitalism or variegated state capitalism? East Germany and Yugoslavia in comparative perspective
Abstract: 
 This essay is a contribution to comparative capitalism studies. We begin with a critique of the ‘Varieties of Capitalism’ school, before presenting the ‘variegated’ alternative. We note difficulties of both schools in characterising statist challengers to the dominant market order. The rise of China has made this a pressing issue, one that raises questions: Is China capitalist, and since when? And how should one analyse the communist world, which has since the 1920s represented a substantial swathe of the global economy? We next present an account of capitalism that explains étatiste variants as the product of late development, and the ‘communist’ economies as a state-capitalist model geared to catch-up industrialisation. This obliges us to consider how to account for their differences. In the second half we take up this challenge, via comparative analysis of two state-capitalist economies: the GDR (representing the orthodox Soviet model) and Yugoslavia (a maverick, market-friendly variant).
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1242-1274
Issue: 7
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2134348
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# input file: FBSH_A_1848489_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Dolores L. Augustine
Author-X-Name-First: Dolores L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Augustine
Title: Management of technological innovation: high tech R&D in the GDR
Abstract: 
 Fundamental changes in the management of technological innovation took place over the course of the 40-year history of the German Democratic Republic. This article analyzes management culture in electronics and microelectronics R&D, as well as at Carl Zeiss Jena. R&D directors of the 1950s and 1960s, whose careers started in the Weimar or Nazi era, had a professional ethos and managerial style not rooted in state socialism. This article analyzes their approaches to management according to criteria such as reliance on authority and hierarchy, promotion of communication, and importance attached to political conformity. Developments in R&D management at Carl Zeiss are traced up into the 1980s. The role of the Stasi (secret police) in high tech R&D is discussed.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1177-1193
Issue: 7
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1848489
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# input file: FBSH_A_2185225_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Saša Vejzagić
Author-X-Name-First: Saša
Author-X-Name-Last: Vejzagić
Title: Persistent centralisation of decision-making in the age of industrial atomisation and self-management on the case of construction company Industrogradnja Zagreb (1966–1980)
Abstract: 
 The history of Industrogradnja between 1966 and 1980, although only a short, in medias res, segment in its biography, provides a complete overview of phases that Yugoslav companies underwent on their path to becoming a large industrial system. This article explores changes in management structure and application of new managerial practices during this period, which in turn led this construction and engineering company to the status of the leader in the housing industry in Zagreb. Apart from reconstruction of the company history, this article delves into two stages of complex structural changes the League of Communist of Yugoslavia implemented in the country’s socio-economic system, and investigates how a hybrid of two value systems, socialist and market, affected Yugoslav business practices. The case of Industrogradnja and this article aim to contribute to the understanding of socialist projects in the twentieth century as a variety of socio-economic frameworks as well as business environments.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1137-1157
Issue: 7
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2023.2185225
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# input file: FBSH_A_1781818_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Max Trecker
Author-X-Name-First: Max
Author-X-Name-Last: Trecker
Title: Entrepreneurs as saviours of socialism? The complicated relationship between East German state socialism and entrepreneurship
Abstract: 
 The economic policy agenda of the SED has often been described as extremely orthodox in nature and—with the exception of a short period in the 1960s—hostile to reform. It is often overlooked that the GDR entertained the largest private sector of any of the CMEA economies up till the early 1980s. Besides the official propaganda, the SED leadership at no point abolished private entrepreneurship completely in the GDR. In this article, I analyze the ambiguous relationship between the state party and private entrepreneurship. I focus particularly on the late 1980s and the role private entrepreneurs were supposed to play in reforming and saving socialism in East Germany.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1209-1225
Issue: 7
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1781818
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# input file: FBSH_A_1733981_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Pieter Troch
Author-X-Name-First: Pieter
Author-X-Name-Last: Troch
Title: Tensions between plan and market in a political factory in socialist Kosovo
Abstract: 
 This article provides a business history of the medium-sized wood processing enterprise Kosmet Šper, established for local development purposes in weakly-developed socialist Kosovo. It explores business reorganisations undertaken by local political elites and management aimed to align the enterprise’s continued operation with socialist Yugoslavia’s market-oriented economic reforms of the 1960s. The first part of the article scrutinises these interventions and argues that the locus of ultimate political decision-making shifted to the units of the federal state. The second part of the article looks at the increasing authority transferred to professional managers in return for keeping the underperforming enterprise running. This led to a paternalistic style of management, but the legitimacy of the management remained subject to overlapping challenges of function, ethnicity, and origin. Part three explores the labour force fluctuations caused by the shift of responsibility for the performance of the enterprise to internal production failures.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1158-1176
Issue: 7
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1733981
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# input file: FBSH_A_1987413_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Riccardo Semeraro
Author-X-Name-First: Riccardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Semeraro
Author-Name: José Antonio Miranda
Author-X-Name-First: José Antonio
Author-X-Name-Last: Miranda
Title: Surviving peace: Resilience and production decentralization in the Italian gun-making district, 1945–1970
Abstract: 
 This article analyzes the key resilience factors of the Italian firearms district after World War II structured around four main questions: resilience of what, to what, by what means, and with what outcome. This study aims to improve and expand knowledge about the capacity and difficulties of industrial districts to adapt to market changes and maintain their competitiveness. Our findings highlight that the successful recovery was based on the conquest of a new market segment and a novel decentralised and flexible—although hierarchical—production structure achieved through the reorganisation of know-how and resources accumulated in the district. The advantages of local clustering and elevated levels of specialisation provided the district with an effective short-term adaptation to the post-war crisis and a stable long-term growth path.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1438-1462
Issue: 8
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1987413
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# input file: FBSH_A_1825691_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Marie-Laure Baron
Author-X-Name-First: Marie-Laure
Author-X-Name-Last: Baron
Author-Name: Nathalie Aubourg
Author-X-Name-First: Nathalie
Author-X-Name-Last: Aubourg
Title: Arabica or Robusta? Accounting for collective strategies within the coffee trade industry: the case of coffee merchants in Le Havre (France) between 1920 and 1954
Abstract: 
 Business history investigation of coffee traders in Le Havre from 1920 to 1955 enables us to qualify deliberate and emergent agglomerate collective strategy. Using philosopher’s contributions to the understanding of collective action (Bratman 1993), we propose a framework to differentiate deliberate and emergent strategies. The framework is used to elaborate on the resistive strategy set-up by coffee traders to the growing government pressure to supply coffee imported from the colonies. Beyond providing insight on coffee trade and business history in the early 20th century, we find our framework is consistent with the objective of differentiating emergent and deliberate strategies.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1294-1312
Issue: 8
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1825691
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# input file: FBSH_A_1979519_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Peter Scott
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott
Title: When GM met Austin: British and American variants of inter-war automobile mass production
Abstract: 
 Fordist automobile production methods are regarded as having been viable only in the USA prior to the 1950s. This article examines their potential in the largest non-North American automobile market—the UK, using recently-released documentation regarding General Motors’ (GM’s) abortive 1925 takeover bid for Britain’s second largest car manufacturer, the Austin Motor Company. GM’s plans for developing Austin as the leading UK car manufacturer show that existing British mass production methods could have yielded substantially higher productivity, when combined with American systems for achieving ‘economies of throughput’. This, in turn, required tacit knowledge regarding ‘flow production’ methods, which GM executives identified as the missing element of Austin’s ‘elementary mass production’ system. The article also discusses GM’s detailed plans for Austin—utilising economies of scale, scope, and throughput to reduce prices to levels competitors would find hard to match—and their implications for the British automobile industry.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1417-1437
Issue: 8
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1979519
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# input file: FBSH_A_2064061_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Alice Janssens
Author-X-Name-First: Alice
Author-X-Name-Last: Janssens
Title: Dressing up: the women who influenced french fashion
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1467-1468
Issue: 8
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2064061
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
# input file: FBSH_A_1862794_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Ai Hisano
Author-X-Name-First: Ai
Author-X-Name-Last: Hisano
Author-Name: Nathaniel G. Chapman
Author-X-Name-First: Nathaniel G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Chapman
Title: The ‘wine revolution’ in the United States, 1960–1980: Narratives and category creation
Abstract: 
 This article examines the creation of product categories as a cultural construct. Categories serve not simply to classify different products but also to signify one’s taste. To examine how categories became embedded with cultural meanings, this article takes an interdisciplinary approach: the narrative analysis which has been employed by a number of business historians and the production of culture perspective used in sociology. By using the case of the U.S. wine industry during the 1960s and 1970s, the article analyzes how the six facets proposed in the production of culture perspective – regulation, industry structure, organizational structure, occupational careers, technology, and markets – both constrained and promoted the constitution of a wine category and its dissemination. It argues that these two analytical frameworks help delineate the working of business practices in the dynamics of cultural systems without reducing culture or business to a static structure.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1313-1340
Issue: 8
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1862794
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1862794
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:65:y:2023:i:8:p:1313-1340



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# input file: FBSH_A_1879053_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Kristin Ranestad
Author-X-Name-First: Kristin
Author-X-Name-Last: Ranestad
Author-Name: Paul Sharp
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Sharp
Title: Success through failure? Four centuries of searching for Danish coal
Abstract: 
 Natural resources, especially energy resources, are often considered vital to the process of economic development, with the availability of coal considered central for the nineteenth century. Clearly, however, although coal might have spurred economic development, development might also have spurred the discovery and use of coal. To shed light on this, we suggest that the case of resource-poor Denmark, which spent centuries looking for coal, is illuminating. Specifically, we emphasise that the process of looking for coal and the creation of a natural resource industry in itself is important beyond the obvious dichotomy of haves and have-nots. We seek to understand this process and find that prices proved an important stimulus to coal surveys.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1341-1365
Issue: 8
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1879053
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1879053
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:65:y:2023:i:8:p:1341-1365



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# input file: FBSH_A_1979517_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Andrea Lucarelli
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea
Author-X-Name-Last: Lucarelli
Author-Name: Cecilia Cassinger
Author-X-Name-First: Cecilia
Author-X-Name-Last: Cassinger
Author-Name: Karin Ågren
Author-X-Name-First: Karin
Author-X-Name-Last: Ågren
Title: Continuity and discontinuity in the historical trajectory of the commercialising of cities: storying Stockholm 1900–2020
Abstract: 
 This article examines the continuities and discontinuities in the historical trajectory of the commercialisation of places. It outlines a performative approach to understanding how the process of turning cities into commercial products changes in time and space. Stockholm, the capital of Sweden, is used as an illustrative example of the spatio-temporal trajectory of commercialisation during the from 1900 to 2020. By embracing a narrative analysis, the study presents how combinations of business practices (place making, selling, promotion, marketing, and branding) overlap and diverge in the commercialising of Stockholm. This analysis reveals how the process of commercialisation not only represents, but also performs certain narratives. These narratives are expressions of the historically-situated policies and values representing the dominant ideology of a specific period. Narratives unfold spatio-temporal events organised using different practices of commercialisation, thus constructing commercialisation as a circular process in time-space, as opposed to a linear and chronologically-ordered sequence of events.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1390-1416
Issue: 8
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1979517
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1979517
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:65:y:2023:i:8:p:1390-1416



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# input file: FBSH_A_1979515_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Hans Sjögren
Author-X-Name-First: Hans
Author-X-Name-Last: Sjögren
Author-Name: Fahmi Yusuf
Author-X-Name-First: Fahmi
Author-X-Name-Last: Yusuf
Title: Profiles of entrepreneurial success during two centuries. The case of Sweden, with comparisons to Italy
Abstract: 
 One of the challenges of studying entrepreneurship is the lack of longitudinal data. One way to address this is through a promising new statistical approach called prosopography, where standardised biographies of prominent entrepreneurs are systematically compiled and analysed using quantitative methodology. This method combines the detailed information available in biographies at the micro-level, with a macro-level systematic approach – an approach that, notably, has been previously applied to Italy. Here, we compile a dataset of 267 Swedish entrepreneurial biographies that focus on individuals active from the early 19th century until the present day. We find five distinctive clusters of entrepreneurs. Innovation intensity appears to be important, and, as expected, inventors represent a distinct cluster in Sweden. Other results are more novel, and in part go against the conventional view of Sweden as an industrial economy. For instance, many Swedish entrepreneurs, of both sexes, have developed what are best described as advanced service innovations, and stand as sole founders of the ventures. The institutional context clearly affects the type of entrepreneurs that emerge, but there is also evidence of interaction and reverse causation where prominent entrepreneurs have influenced the institutional development of Sweden. As a result, there is a hybrid version of capitalism combining high redistributive taxes with free market capitalism and ample room for Schumpeterian entrepreneurs as well as dynastic entrepreneurs – thereby also combining private wealth creation with distribution. While one of the world’s least family -oriented cultures, high -impact Swedish entrepreneurs are surprisingly dynastic in their entrepreneurial endeavours.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1366-1389
Issue: 8
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1979515
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1979515
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:65:y:2023:i:8:p:1366-1389



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# input file: FBSH_A_2064060_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: José L. García-Ruiz
Author-X-Name-First: José L.
Author-X-Name-Last: García-Ruiz
Title: Business History in Spain (19th and 20th Centuries)
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1465-1466
Issue: 8
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2064060
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2022.2064060
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# input file: FBSH_A_2220281_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Umut Dağıstan
Author-X-Name-First: Umut
Author-X-Name-Last: Dağıstan
Title: The 1950 transformation of the Turkish business system in terms of its basic dynamics: Expectations and results
Abstract: 
 It is accepted that the Turkish business system is included in the category of state-organised business systems, at least in many aspects. The main issue of this study is whether the change in power and policy in 1950 caused a change in the perception of the state in the market. Another issue is whether this change creates a structural transformation in the state being a founding actor in the market. In this study, the structural elements of the Turkish business system were examined from a historical perspective. Because the studies of the Turkish business system mostly begin with the Republican period, the idea that the traces of the political, economic and social conditions that formed this period should be traced back to the Second Constitutional Period is one of the main propositions of this study. Finally, the internal and external causes of the change in the 1950s are examined and it is discussed whether this change led to a transformation in the state’s business practice.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1275-1293
Issue: 8
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2023.2220281
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2023.2220281
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# input file: FBSH_A_2056382_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Adrian Cozmuta
Author-X-Name-First: Adrian
Author-X-Name-Last: Cozmuta
Title: The British aircraft industry and American-led globalisation, 1943–1982
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1463-1464
Issue: 8
Volume: 65
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2056382
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2022.2056382
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:65:y:2023:i:8:p:1463-1464

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
# input file: FBSH_A_1991915_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Elin Åström Rudberg
Author-X-Name-First: Elin
Author-X-Name-Last: Åström Rudberg
Author-Name: Elina Kuorelahti
Author-X-Name-First: Elina
Author-X-Name-Last: Kuorelahti
Title: ‘We have a prodigious amount in common’. Reappraising Americanisation and circulation of knowledge in the interwar Nordic advertising industry
Abstract: 
 This article discusses the interwar collaboration in the Nordic advertising industry in relation to the literature on ‘Americanisation’ in advertising and business history. We argue that the focus on Americanisation has caused research to overlook other important arenas for sharing knowledge in the development of advertising and commercial practices in twentieth-century Europe. We show the importance of the systematic collaboration between advertising communities in the Nordic countries through which Anglo-Saxon ideas, as well as domestic experiences, were shared. The collaboration was a crucial platform for the advertising industry to achieve increased societal clout. We also find that the Nordic advertising industry, as a collective, clearly distanced themselves from continental Europe based on a perception that Anglo-Saxon and Nordic advertising shared the same foundations. The results raise questions concerning assumptions about Americanisation and the role of alternative sources of inspiration and transnational collaboration in advertising history.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 241-263
Issue: 1
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1991915
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1991915
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:66:y:2024:i:1:p:241-263



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# input file: FBSH_A_1926991_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Adrian Cozmuta
Author-X-Name-First: Adrian
Author-X-Name-Last: Cozmuta
Title: Selling ‘The World’s Favourite Airline’: British Airways’ privatisation and the motives behind it
Abstract: 
 This article investigates the motives behind one of the earliest airline privatisations in history, that of British Airways. The British Airways privatisation experience highlights the dynamic characteristics of privatisation policymaking from the perspective of a flag carrier, including the various motives behind the sale, competing interests, and sale structuring, among other. The principal British Airways privatisation motives were reducing company borrowing, stimulating efficiency, and achieving popular capitalism. These received priority at different times given the long privatisation process. The initial motives were reducing public sector borrowing and stimulating efficiency, followed later by the aim of extending wider share ownership. Curbing union power and fostering domestic competition were not privatisation motives.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 181-200
Issue: 1
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1926991
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1926991
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:66:y:2024:i:1:p:181-200



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# input file: FBSH_A_2031988_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Mairi Maclean
Author-X-Name-First: Mairi
Author-X-Name-Last: Maclean
Author-Name: Charles Harvey
Author-X-Name-First: Charles
Author-X-Name-Last: Harvey
Author-Name: Roy Suddaby
Author-X-Name-First: Roy
Author-X-Name-Last: Suddaby
Title: Institutional biography and the institutionalization of a new organizational template: Building the global branded hotel chain
Abstract: 
 This article expands understanding of how institutional biography informs institutional change by examining Conrad Hilton’s role in building the global branded hotel chain (1946–1969). We show how an individual’s institutional biography can play a pivotal role in their development as an institutional entrepreneur and the institutionalisation of a new organisational template. Biography, informed by the institutions individuals experience in their life trajectories, shapes the process by which an individual becomes an institutional entrepreneur; influencing the institutionalisation of a new template by enabling entrepreneurs to acquire a more central position within their field. Hilton’s self-narrative became closely coupled with the ‘grand narrative’ of post-war U.S. capitalism. The Hilton case illustrates how institutional tensions, embracing national interests, corporate interests, and individual self-interest, can become distilled into the identity, choices, and ambitions – the personal biographical narrative – of individuals who play a formative role in the institutions they build, change, or disrupt.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 311-339
Issue: 1
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2031988
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2022.2031988
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:66:y:2024:i:1:p:311-339



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# input file: FBSH_A_2025220_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Alexis Drach
Author-X-Name-First: Alexis
Author-X-Name-Last: Drach
Title: An early form of European champions? Banking clubs between European integration and global banking (1960s–1990s)
Abstract: 
 Between the late 1950s and the mid-1970s, most large European commercial banks created European banking clubs, which were hybrid cooperative organisations meant to respond to American competition and to the progress of European integration. Based on the archives of several commercial banks from France and the UK, this article examines how the three main European clubs (EBIC, Europartners, and ABECOR) emerged and developed in the 1960s and 1970s, and continued to exist despite increasing challenges in the 1980s. The article argues that banking clubs were an early attempt at creating truly ‘European’ banks, or European champions, even though their experience was abandoned. They also participated in European integration in a different way than the one the European Commission promoted. These clubs were an important institutional response of European banks to both globalisation and European integration.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 287-310
Issue: 1
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.2025220
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.2025220
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:66:y:2024:i:1:p:287-310



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# input file: FBSH_A_1896706_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Albert J. Mills
Author-X-Name-First: Albert J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mills
Author-Name: Kristin S. Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Kristin S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Williams
Title: Feminist frustrations: The enduring neglect of a women’s business history and the opportunity for radical change
Abstract: 
 In response to a special call of ‘bringing gender and feminism from the periphery to the centre of business history’, the authors undertake an in-depth appraisal of Business History’s own record, as a key signifier of the field. The scope includes articles and reviews published between 2000 and 2020 and find 17 articles out of 918 (1.85%) and 99 reviews out of 2,217 (4.46%), with a downward trend from 2010 to 2020. To start, the authors engage with a critical question as to the definition of the field itself and explore what those internal to the journal have had to say about its definition. The authors then take a critical look at how women have been socially constructed as (a) historical actors, as (b) gendered roles and as (c) authors of history. To understand what has been included and neglected, the authors investigate and reveal clues as to the barriers and possible entry points.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 14-28
Issue: 1
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1896706
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1896706
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:66:y:2024:i:1:p:14-28



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# input file: FBSH_A_1979520_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Leon Gooberman
Author-X-Name-First: Leon
Author-X-Name-Last: Gooberman
Title: Public governance of private munitions businesses in regional Britain, the case of Wales, 1938 to 1945
Abstract: 
 This article analyses the public governance of the private British munitions industry from 1938 to 1945. It uses a case study of Wales to make two arguments. One is that public regional governance was contested and slow to emerge, although ultimately successful. Governance was initially centralised and uncoordinated as three supply ministries competed to source munitions. Floorspace controls were introduced in 1941 but ministries rebuffed other attempts to co-ordinate regional procurement. However, capacity problems throughout Britain incentivised co-operation from 1942, when a new Ministry of Production created effective regional structures. The other argument is that business activity in Wales intensified as structures emerged. Mobilisation focussed initially on concentrations of secondary manufacturing, but Wales was dominated by primary industries and few businesses were producing munitions by mid-1940. Nevertheless, air raids and capacity shortages elsewhere prompted an influx controlled increasingly by regional structures that governed a munitions industry dominated by private businesses.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 201-220
Issue: 1
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1979520
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1979520
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:66:y:2024:i:1:p:201-220



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# input file: FBSH_A_1991318_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Qing Xia
Author-X-Name-First: Qing
Author-X-Name-Last: Xia
Author-Name: Pierre-Yves Donzé
Author-X-Name-First: Pierre-Yves
Author-X-Name-Last: Donzé
Title: Surviving in a declining industry: a new entrepreneurial history of Nihonsakari since the 1970s
Abstract: 
 The longevity of enterprises has long been an important area of research for business historians and management scholars. Nevertheless, little research has been directed towards what enables some firms to survive in a declining industry. In this article, following the new entrepreneurial history approach, we focus on Nihonsakari, a Japanese sake brewer founded in 1889, in order to analyse the concrete processes that enabled it to survive as the sake industry declined since the 1970s. We argue that the core feature propelling its longevity was the persistent co-creation processes among stakeholders that made diversification possible.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 221-240
Issue: 1
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1991318
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1991318
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:66:y:2024:i:1:p:221-240



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# input file: FBSH_A_1820989_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Holly Grout
Author-X-Name-First: Holly
Author-X-Name-Last: Grout
Title: “‘Le miracle et le mirage’: Beauty institutes and the making of modern french women”
Abstract: 
 This article examines how, as a centerpiece of France’s commercial beauty culture, the early twentieth-century beauty institute provided the strategies, goods, and professional opportunities required to make French women modern. An industry dedicated to women’s self-care and instrumental in making women visible (creating a look that in turn influenced how women would be seen) in the industrial metropolis, beauty institutes, I argue, provided a uniquely feminine path to modernity. Investigating institutes as both a commercial venture and a cultural enterprise, this article culls the autobiographies and personal letters of female entrepreneurs, the news items and advertisements posted in women’s lifestyle magazines, debates in trade journals, and a variety of beauty, health and hygiene manuals, to uncover women’s extensive involvement in and complex relationship to France’s modern beauty industry. Through these sources, the article considers less how business profited from women’s beauty work to illuminate how beauty work influenced pervasive cultural ideals regarding modern womanhood, thereby enabling French women to produce new social identities in the decades following the Great War.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 59-75
Issue: 1
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2020.1820989
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2020.1820989
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# input file: FBSH_A_2125957_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Hannah Dean
Author-X-Name-First: Hannah
Author-X-Name-Last: Dean
Author-Name: Linda Perriton
Author-X-Name-First: Linda
Author-X-Name-Last: Perriton
Author-Name: Scott Taylor
Author-X-Name-First: Scott
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor
Author-Name: Mary Yeager
Author-X-Name-First: Mary
Author-X-Name-Last: Yeager
Title: Margins and centres: Gender and feminism in business history
Abstract: 
 Gender and feminism are often described as being marginal to the preoccupations that define the core of business history. Here we explore three possibilities that this framing suggests: first, that scholars of gender and feminism in business history are responsible for moving their work from margins to centre, becoming part of and perhaps changing the mainstream; second, that those working in the centre ought to expand their horizons to become more cognisant of feminism and gender; and third, the interpretation that we examine in detail here, that all working on historical analysis of business can rethink the distinction between the construction of core and periphery. This latter approach means actively challenging the maintenance of the centre/margin metaphor and its effects. We argue that this third approach would benefit all working in the field. Envisioning a more heterodox business history enables critical analysis of white, male, Anglocentric norms and values that have framed historical thinking in ways that exclude and produce partial, unsatisfactory, histories.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 1-13
Issue: 1
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2125957
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2022.2125957
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# input file: FBSH_A_1923696_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Hubert Buch-Hansen
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Buch-Hansen
Author-Name: Anton Grau Larsen
Author-X-Name-First: Anton Grau
Author-X-Name-Last: Larsen
Title: The chemical brothers: Competition and the evolution of the board interlock network in the German chemical industry, 1950–2015
Abstract: 
 Utilising a unique and original dataset on the board composition of the 35 largest German chemical producers over the 1950–2015 period, the article tracks the entire lifespan of the industry’s reconstituted board interlock network. Regarding the network as a mechanism for controlling competition among its members, we consider changes in its strength over time. We find that a close-knit network came into existence in the 1950s, culminating in the 1970s and 1980s, after which it began to weaken. We highlight the importance of various meeting places for top-level directors from the chemical industry, including bank boards, and moreover introduce a novel measure that makes it possible to consider the significance of past ties to the strength of the network. Situating the findings in a wider political-economic context, we suggest that in important respects Germany’s coordinated form of capitalism is likely to have been even more coordinated than has been recognised.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 157-180
Issue: 1
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1923696
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1923696
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:66:y:2024:i:1:p:157-180



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# input file: FBSH_A_1896707_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Therese Nordlund Edvinsson
Author-X-Name-First: Therese
Author-X-Name-Last: Nordlund Edvinsson
Title: The game/s that men play: Male bonding in the Swedish business elite 1890–1960
Abstract: 
 During the first half of the twentieth century, the industrial success of Sweden opened up for an exclusive lifestyle among the business elite. Drawing on how a hunting club constructed and reproduced male fantasies, the article deals with male bonding in relation to generation change. By examining the sources such as correspondence and notes from a hunting society dominated by businessmen, the article highlights male performance of gender in a historical context. The article argues that male bonding can result in inequalities among different generations of men, since tension might occur if the homosocial space is based on hierarchies.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 76-92
Issue: 1
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1896707
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1896707
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# input file: FBSH_A_2123470_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Jennifer Aston
Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer
Author-X-Name-Last: Aston
Author-Name: Hannah Barker
Author-X-Name-First: Hannah
Author-X-Name-Last: Barker
Author-Name: Gabrielle Durepos
Author-X-Name-First: Gabrielle
Author-X-Name-Last: Durepos
Author-Name: Shenette Garrett-Scott
Author-X-Name-First: Shenette
Author-X-Name-Last: Garrett-Scott
Author-Name: Peter James Hudson
Author-X-Name-First: Peter James
Author-X-Name-Last: Hudson
Author-Name: Angel Kwolek-Folland
Author-X-Name-First: Angel
Author-X-Name-Last: Kwolek-Folland
Author-Name: Hannah Dean
Author-X-Name-First: Hannah
Author-X-Name-Last: Dean
Author-Name: Linda Perriton
Author-X-Name-First: Linda
Author-X-Name-Last: Perriton
Author-Name: Scott Taylor
Author-X-Name-First: Scott
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor
Author-Name: Mary Yeager
Author-X-Name-First: Mary
Author-X-Name-Last: Yeager
Title: Take nothing for granted: Expanding the conversation about business, gender, and feminism
Abstract: 
 Scholarly conversations about business, gender, feminism, and history remain limited. In this afterword to the journal’s special issue on how these themes intertwine, six experienced colleagues reflect on their work and working lives to shed light on why this is so: Jennifer Aston, Hannah Barker, Gabrielle Durepos, Shennette Garrett-Scott, Peter James Hudson, and Angel Kwolek-Folland. They each emphasise the importance of taking nothing for granted, empirically, methodologically, or theoretically, in their efforts to bring business history into dialogue with gender and race and feminism. In particular, the group recommends looking beyond ‘big business history’, recognising that business happens at home as well as outside it, and remembering always that all of us carry and embody gender.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 93-106
Issue: 1
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2123470
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2022.2123470
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# input file: FBSH_A_2069658_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Hubert Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Title: Deutsche Bank. The Global Bank, 1870-2020
Journal: Business History
Pages: 342-343
Issue: 1
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2069658
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2022.2069658
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# input file: FBSH_A_2116893_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Gerald Hanlon
Author-X-Name-First: Gerald
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanlon
Title: Against entrepreneurship: a critical examination
Journal: Business History
Pages: 344-345
Issue: 1
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2116893
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2022.2116893
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# input file: FBSH_A_1907344_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Amer Khan
Author-X-Name-First: Amer
Author-X-Name-Last: Khan
Author-Name: Kyle Bruce
Author-X-Name-First: Kyle
Author-X-Name-Last: Bruce
Title: How residues of deinstitutionalised practices persist over time: World Bank boundary work in development projects in Pakistan from the 1970s to the mid-2000s
Abstract: 
 Most institutional theoretical research has focussed on organisations strategically incorporating different elements of multiple, contested logics. Less attention has been paid to the historically contingent complexities that allow residues of past deinstitutionalised practices to persist over time. We trace changes in World Bank rural development finance policy and practices in Pakistan over four decades and demonstrate how they performed boundary work, introducing new practices, players, and social relations. Doing so, we advance institutional theory by providing a fine-grained, practice-centred account of agency, illuminating how institutional detritus resurfaces and mingles with new practices to stymie the efforts of powerful change agents like the World Bank to completely discard deinstitutionalised past practices and compel them to accommodate (by decoupling and dilution) and merge them with new ones. We identify structural factors such as WB’s organisational mission and contextual factors such as the underdeveloped rural financial markets as explanatory factors for why residues of deinstitutionalised practices persisted over time. We also argue that it was the enduring goals of the field – to achieve poverty alleviation and socioeconomic development in the developing countries – which remained the same across space and time and were supported or hindered by the structural and contextual factors, that necessitated the persistence of the remnants of deinstitutionalised ideas and practices.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 107-135
Issue: 1
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1907344
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1907344
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# input file: FBSH_A_1909573_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Jeannette Strickland
Author-X-Name-First: Jeannette
Author-X-Name-Last: Strickland
Title: A cinematic soap opera: The development of cinematography as an advertising and promotional tool in Lever Brothers Limited
Abstract: 
 In his history of Unilever, Charles Wilson stated that cinema advertising was not part of the company’s marketing strategy until the late 1930s. However, despite the paucity of surviving archival sources, recent research has proved that Lever Brothers was engaged with the new medium of cinematography from its earliest days and that the practice continued up to and after the formation of Unilever in 1930. William Lever is renowned for his innovative approach to advertising and marketing, and as a pioneer of creating brand identity, but he was also one of the first British businessmen to recognise the value of film as a marketing tool. This article will argue that Lever Brothers was active in the use of cinematography from the mid-1890s and that it played a significant role in the company’s marketing campaigns.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 136-156
Issue: 1
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1909573
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1909573
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# input file: FBSH_A_2025221_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Christopher Pihl
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Pihl
Title: Mastering the narrative and the dirty tricks of trade: The re-establishment of a Swedish bank in 1668
Abstract: 
 In 1657, Sweden saw the creation of its first bank, the private royal-chartered Stockholms Banco. It crashed a few years later and was reconstructed as the Bank of the Estates of the Realm. The intention here is to show how a bank could (re)open so soon after a disastrous crash and to point at some key factors in its success. The main argument posits not only that the principals of the new bank required an adequate institutional framework to make a credible commitment, but also that the prosperity of that bank depended upon said principals’ ability to control the narrative of the crashed bank and to recruit a good staff with strong personal credit, whose self-interest it could harness and credit it could use.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 264-286
Issue: 1
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.2025221
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.2025221
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:66:y:2024:i:1:p:264-286



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# input file: FBSH_A_2240168_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Emily Buchnea
Author-X-Name-First: Emily
Author-X-Name-Last: Buchnea
Title: Industrial Clusters: Knowledge, Innovation Systems and Sustainability in the UK
Journal: Business History
Pages: 340-341
Issue: 1
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2023.2240168
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2023.2240168
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# input file: FBSH_A_2036131_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Amy Louise Erickson
Author-X-Name-First: Amy Louise
Author-X-Name-Last: Erickson
Title: Wealthy businesswomen, marriage and succession in eighteenth-century London
Abstract: 
 Research on eighteenth-century female entrepreneurs has not been widely acknowledged beyond specialists, despite repeated calls in the literature on business for more attention to the family and to women. This article employs a new source – trade or business cards, which were themselves new in the eighteenth century – together with a range of other sources, to create biographical sketches of wealthy businesswomen in luxury trades, in order to examine the relationship between business, marriage, and succession for women in highly skilled, highly capitalised trades. Despite legal restrictions on married women, marriage did not mark a hiatus in the careers of these women, who appear to have maintained their businesses regardless of marital status. As widows, they maintained proprietorship decades beyond their sons’ majority. The normality of eighteenth-century women in business has implications for the history of women, of business, and of work more broadly.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 29-58
Issue: 1
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2036131
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2022.2036131
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# input file: FBSH_A_2149737_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Hadar Ram
Author-X-Name-First: Hadar
Author-X-Name-Last: Ram
Author-Name: Valeria Giacomin
Author-X-Name-First: Valeria
Author-X-Name-Last: Giacomin
Author-Name: Cheryl Wakslak
Author-X-Name-First: Cheryl
Author-X-Name-Last: Wakslak
Title: Entrepreneurial imagination: Insights from construal level theory for historical entrepreneurship
Abstract: 
 Entrepreneurial imagination is core to the entrepreneurial process but hard to study in the present. Methodologically, historians have the advantage of reconstructing entrepreneurs’ future thinking in their time. However, traditional historical methodology offers only limited tools to analyse and interpret uncertainty in historical future-oriented sources. In this paper, we suggest that Construal Level Theory (CLT), a theory in social-cognitive psychology, represents a complementary resource to deal with uncertainty and analyse the role of entrepreneurial imagination in evaluating and selecting business opportunities. We elaborate on four manifestations of abstraction suggested by CLT: desirability vs. feasibility, primary vs. secondary aspects, words vs. pictorial representations, and small vs. large categories. We further explain how insights from CLT can raise important questions for source analysis and facilitate comparisons, and then demonstrate it by investigating Thomas Edison’s ego-documents. We conclude by sketching a future interdisciplinary dialogue with entrepreneurship scholars and psychologists.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 364-385
Issue: 2
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2149737
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2022.2149737
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# input file: FBSH_A_1925649_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Shuang L. Frost
Author-X-Name-First: Shuang L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Frost
Author-Name: Adam K. Frost
Author-X-Name-First: Adam K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Frost
Title: Taxi Shanghai: Entrepreneurship and semi-colonial context
Abstract: 
 Scholars of entrepreneurship can agree that ‘context matters.’ However, there is little consensus regarding the processes through which context and entrepreneurship are mutually constructive. While the influence of top-down forces on entrepreneurial action is well-studied, the ways in which ‘bottom-up’ entrepreneurial processes reshape context remain undertheorized. To help fill this void, this article explores the dynamic interplay between entrepreneurship and semi-colonial context in Republican Shanghai (1911–1949), by retracing the history of Shanghai’s ‘Taxi King’, Zhou Xiangsheng, and his enterprise, Johnson Taxi. Through context theorising, the article explicates mechanisms by which Chinese entrepreneurs reshaped semi-colonial Shanghai: how they launched informal taxi services that filled critical gaps in urban connectivity; combined heterogenous technologies to build city-wide taxi networks that traversed Shanghai’s many divides; and harnessed rising nationalistic sentiments to link the consumption of transportation services with political identity. We argue that through such mechanisms, Chinese entrepreneurs not only navigated their situated context, but actively re-imagined and transformed it.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 407-436
Issue: 2
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1925649
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1925649
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# input file: FBSH_A_2106932_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: John F. Wilson
Author-X-Name-First: John F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson
Title: The Blacketts. A Northern dynasty’s rise, crisis and redemption,
Journal: Business History
Pages: 531-532
Issue: 2
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2106932
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2022.2106932
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# input file: FBSH_A_2166034_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Rick Colbourne
Author-X-Name-First: Rick
Author-X-Name-Last: Colbourne
Author-Name: Ana Maria Peredo
Author-X-Name-First: Ana Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Peredo
Author-Name: Irene Henriques
Author-X-Name-First: Irene
Author-X-Name-Last: Henriques
Title: Indigenous entrepreneurship? Setting the record straight
Abstract: 
 We provide an historical essay synthesising the macro societal processes that affected Indigenous peoples’ entrepreneurial and trade activities in Canada from pre-contact to 1920. Adopting Indigenous entrepreneurship and institutional theory lenses, we find that the evolution of legal, political, and socio-economic forces converged to undermine Indigenous peoples’ entrepreneurial activity and well-being in Canada. Our narrative suggests a dynamic view of the relationship between entrepreneurship and institutions and the role of power. Whereas Baumol’s view is that institutions shape entrepreneurship by determining the relative payoffs to productive or unproductive entrepreneurship, our narrative shows the ways in which unequal benefits to various entrepreneurs change institutions over time. This advances the field of entrepreneurship by historically situating entrepreneurial processes in settler society and exposing the role of power in the relationship between entrepreneurship and institutions in society over time.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 455-477
Issue: 2
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2023.2166034
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2023.2166034
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# input file: FBSH_A_2070610_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Morten Tinning
Author-X-Name-First: Morten
Author-X-Name-Last: Tinning
Title: Imagined futures of sail and steam – The role of community in envisioning entrepreneurial ventures
Abstract: 
 Entrepreneurship is often understood as an individualistic endeavour. This article investigates how cultural communities shape entrepreneurial activity through the process of envisioning competing imagined futures. By deploying a microhistorical approach, it explores a public debate about the transition from sail to steam in a late nineteenth-century Danish maritime community. In the debate, local actors evaluated and negotiated future entrepreneurial actions as embedded in existing norms, interpretations of the past, and socio-technical systems rather than independent, non-conformist ventures. The article demonstrates the potential role of community when we attempt to understand better how entrepreneurs construct and dispute over imagined futures.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 386-406
Issue: 2
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2070610
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2022.2070610
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# input file: FBSH_A_1979516_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Jerònia Pons Pons
Author-X-Name-First: Jerònia
Author-X-Name-Last: Pons Pons
Author-Name: Pablo Gutiérrez González
Author-X-Name-First: Pablo
Author-X-Name-Last: Gutiérrez González
Title: Distribution channels and growth strategies in Spanish insurance: from networks of agents to branch offices (1870–1940)
Abstract: 
 This article analyses the factors that determined the choice of distribution channel within the Spanish insurance industry and its relation with growth strategies performed by firms. To achieve this goal, we have gone through documentary sources from the main companies to examine the relationships between companies and agents and their costs, namely: the design of agency contracts, the different procedures on the selection of agents, and the guidelines for inspection, supervision and control of agent networks. Using the framework of agency theory, this study aims to enhance our understanding of the conflicts and dynamics that determined the distribution of such a complex financial product as insurance in a late development economy. We show how insurance companies began the transition to the branch system in the 1920s to reduce the costs arising from the control and monitoring of agents and to mitigate agency conflicts.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 510-528
Issue: 2
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1979516
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1979516
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# input file: FBSH_A_2213193_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Christina Lubinski
Author-X-Name-First: Christina
Author-X-Name-Last: Lubinski
Author-Name: R. Daniel Wadhwani
Author-X-Name-First: R. Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Wadhwani
Author-Name: William B. Gartner
Author-X-Name-First: William B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gartner
Author-Name: Renee Rottner
Author-X-Name-First: Renee
Author-X-Name-Last: Rottner
Title: Humanistic approaches to change: Entrepreneurship and transformation
Abstract: 
 Social transformation is core to the idea of entrepreneurship, yet it plays a minor role in entrepreneurship research. We explore humanistic approaches to change by building on the Schumpeterian perspective of transformation/creative destruction and expanding it in three critical ways. First, we argue that entrepreneurship and history should engage methodologically with transformation ‘as a perspective’ taken by the researcher or observer. Second, we contend that to explore the process of entrepreneurial transformation historically, it is necessary to engage in a broader conceptualisation of temporality. Third, we posit that to fully grasp transformation, we ought to study not just the reconfiguration of material resources that Schumpeter has proposed but also the immaterial (intellectual and imaginative) re-evaluations that trigger social transformation, thus focussing on the semantics of transformation. The articles in this Special Issue explore entrepreneurship and transformation through these three lenses, making social transformation more central to historical entrepreneurship research.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 347-363
Issue: 2
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2023.2213193
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2023.2213193
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# input file: FBSH_A_2129683_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Mary Bridges
Author-X-Name-First: Mary
Author-X-Name-Last: Bridges
Title: Foreign banks and global finance in modern China: Banking on the Chinese frontier, 1870-1919
Journal: Business History
Pages: 533-534
Issue: 2
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2129683
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2022.2129683
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# input file: FBSH_A_1936504_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Rami Kaplan
Author-X-Name-First: Rami
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaplan
Title: Inter-firm convening and organisational power: How American multinationals mobilised the Venezuelan business community to adopt CSR practices, 1961–1967
Abstract: 
 In the 1960s, political threats drove petroleum multinational corporations in Venezuela to deploy highly sophisticated defense strategies. The American industry leader, Creole, wanted the local business community to adopt corporate social responsibility (CSR) identities and practices as a buffer against state intervention and communist uprising. How would Creole instigate such field-level organisational transformation? By addressing this question through theoretically informed historical narration, I endeavour to extend institutional theory into the world of inter-firm mobilizations for institutional creation and change. Such mobilizations are organised through inter-firm convening: a mechanism through which organisations mobilise – based on the establishment of a special-purpose meta-organisation – to address external challenges by modifying collective identities, remodelling forms of organisation, and diffusing practices in their field. (In Venezuela, this meta-organisation was called Dividendo.) By using this centrally coordinated form of mobilisation, the project’s agenda setters can exert transformative influence on the identity and behaviour of potentially numerous other organisations. I discuss implications for the study of institutional work, organisational power, and global diffusion. The article promotes a corporate and management-centred perspective on CSR, Latin American, and Cold War historiography.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 478-509
Issue: 2
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1936504
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1936504
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# input file: FBSH_A_2177637_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Ewald Kibler
Author-X-Name-First: Ewald
Author-X-Name-Last: Kibler
Author-Name: Lauri Laine
Author-X-Name-First: Lauri
Author-X-Name-Last: Laine
Title: Counternarrating entrepreneurship
Abstract: 
 Schumpeter envisioned entrepreneurship research as a way to examine and understand how capitalism changes. This notwithstanding, contemporary entrepreneurship studies predominantly explore the emergence and growth of new business firms, thus adopting a view that assumes a positive macro-level role for entrepreneurship in society even as it neglects the destructivity which was key to Schumpeter’s theory. To bring capitalism back into entrepreneurship, we suggest a narrative approach to entrepreneurial history. Specifically, we introduce counternarratives to discuss new ways of thinking about the micro-macro linkage in entrepreneurship and to open up fresh understandings of creative destruction within, and beyond, capitalism. We conclude the paper with practical suggestions for new entrepreneurial histories that develop alternative narratives.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 437-454
Issue: 2
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2023.2177637
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2023.2177637
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# input file: FBSH_A_2106931_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Adam Nix
Author-X-Name-First: Adam
Author-X-Name-Last: Nix
Title: Business history: a research overview,
Journal: Business History
Pages: 529-530
Issue: 2
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2106931
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2022.2106931
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# input file: FBSH_A_1924686_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Antonio Iodice
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio
Author-X-Name-Last: Iodice
Author-Name: Luisa Piccinno
Author-X-Name-First: Luisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Piccinno
Title: Whatever the cost: Grain trade and the Genoese dominating minority in Sicily and Tabarka (16th-18th centuries)
Abstract: 
 This work analyses the activities of Genoese merchant communities in the grain trade in western Mediterranean markets. Our goal is to shed light on their ability to integrate into foreign lands, taking advantage of their privileged position within the Spanish Crown. Our analysis is focussed on two case studies, strictly connected from a theoretical point of view: Sicily and Tabarka. Both Genoese minorities living on these two islands used the port of Genoa as their commercial hub. Regarding Sicily, this study has mostly drawn information from a yet unexploited source: general average procedures drawn up in Genoa. General average (GA) was (and still is nowadays) a legal instrument used in maritime trade to share between all parties involved the expenses which can befall ships and cargoes from the time of their loading aboard until their unloading (due to accidents, jettison, etc.). These documents have been collected in an online database soon to be published as part of the ERC-funded AveTransRisk project. They offer valuable insights on shipmasters and merchants, cargo values, ports of destination, wheat prices, etc. All the sources are available on the online database resulting from the AveTransRisk project, of which we are members (http://humanities-research.exeter.ac.uk/avetransrisk). For the trade in North African wheat, we have mostly used documents related to the Genoese ‘colony’ of Tabarka, administered by the Lomellini family. These sources are kept in the Genoese archives as well as in the Archives Nationales of Paris.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 653-671
Issue: 3
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1924686
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1924686
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# input file: FBSH_A_2103281_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Tehreem Husain
Author-X-Name-First: Tehreem
Author-X-Name-Last: Husain
Title: Richard Potter, Beatrice Webb’s Father and Corporate Capitalist, by Geoffrey Channon, Cambridge, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2019, xv + 285 pp., illus., £61.99 (hardback), ISBN 1-5275-3106-6 (hardback), ISBN 1-5275-6467-3 (paperback), £25.99
Journal: Business History
Pages: 767-768
Issue: 3
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2103281
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2022.2103281
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# input file: FBSH_A_1932816_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Daniele Andreozzi
Author-X-Name-First: Daniele
Author-X-Name-Last: Andreozzi
Title: Practices, merchants and mercantilisms. Jews and the cereal trade in Trieste between Eastern Europe, the Po and the Mediterranean (18th century)
Abstract: 
 The article aims to highlight the role of the Jewish merchants of Trieste in the cereal trade in the eighteenth century. In particular, it focuses on analysing how, in the discontinuity in the development mechanisms of the free port of Trieste that occurred in the mid-eighteenth century, they managed to be protagonists in the construction of wider, from a quantitative and qualitative point of view, trade routes and a new geography of the grain trade. Moreover, the cereal trade, and in particular that of Continental and Eastern Europe, was a fundamental element of the further development that at the end of the century made Trieste one of the main Mediterranean trading centres.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 672-686
Issue: 3
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1932816
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1932816
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# input file: FBSH_A_2103543_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Marina Romani
Author-X-Name-First: Marina
Author-X-Name-Last: Romani
Author-Name: Rachele Scuro
Author-X-Name-First: Rachele
Author-X-Name-Last: Scuro
Title: Grain trade in Early modern Mantua and Venice: The role of Ashkenazi and Italian Jews
Abstract: 
 The economic role of Ashkenazi and Italian Jews in early modern Italy is traditionally associated with money-lending and second-hand goods retailing. Yet, fiscal and notarial sources show how beneath the surface of the charters signed between the minority and the local authorities, their business was far more diversified. In the northern and central Peninsula Jews had built a strong network based on endogenous and exogenous trust which permitted them to also engage in (inter)regional trade. From the early sixteenth century, when the establishment of the ghettos and changes in the economic system made banking far less lucrative, trading in commodities became a profitable alternative. The case studies of Mantua and the Venetian state show how this process was also strictly intertwined with the local political environment, as Jews had to resort to different sorts of informal and formal relationships with local power structures in order to take part in the grain trade.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 551-579
Issue: 3
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2103543
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2022.2103543
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# input file: FBSH_A_1977922_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Mercedes Fernández-Paradas
Author-X-Name-First: Mercedes
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández-Paradas
Author-Name: Carlos Larrinaga
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Larrinaga
Title: The hotel industry in Spain during the first half of the twentieth century, 1900–1959
Abstract: 
 The objective of this article is to analyse the evolution of the hotel sector in Spain in the first half of the twentieth century. More specifically, it seeks to study the tourist hotel industry within the Spanish tourism system which began to take shape during these years, marked by different political and economic contexts. Therefore, this tourist hotel industry is studied within the development of the tourism sector during these years in Spain. By the beginning of the twentieth century, tourism was understood as a social practice and it was an industry that was gaining importance within the Spanish economy.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 739-764
Issue: 3
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1977922
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# input file: FBSH_A_2104541_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Mar Cebrián
Author-X-Name-First: Mar
Author-X-Name-Last: Cebrián
Title: Companies and entrepreneurs in the history of Spain. Centuries long evolution in business since the 15th century
Journal: Business History
Pages: 769-771
Issue: 3
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2104541
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# input file: FBSH_A_2101291_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Chris Wrigley
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Wrigley
Title: Alun C Davies, the rise and decline of England’s watchmaking industry , 1550-1930 (New York and London: Routledge, 2022. pp xx + 394. £120)
Journal: Business History
Pages: 765-766
Issue: 3
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2101291
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2022.2101291
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# input file: FBSH_A_2159383_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Luca Andreoni
Author-X-Name-First: Luca
Author-X-Name-Last: Andreoni
Author-Name: David Do Paço
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Do Paço
Author-Name: Luca Mocarelli
Author-X-Name-First: Luca
Author-X-Name-Last: Mocarelli
Author-Name: Giulio Ongaro
Author-X-Name-First: Giulio
Author-X-Name-Last: Ongaro
Title: The grain trade and minorities in the early modern Italian Peninsula and beyond: An introduction
Abstract: 
 This paper introduces the Special Issue ‘Minorities and Grain Trade in Early Modern Europe’. While an area’s traditional supply circuits benefitted from satisfactory harvests and a stable food demand, minorities’ contribution became crucial during crisis. Due to their commercial networks, facilities, and capital, minorities and their agents were able to cope with market disruption, especially when inflation and the reconfiguration of supply areas rendered ‘traditional’ grain merchants unable to face the emergency. The papers included in the Special Issue focus on the geographical and financial scope of legal grain-trading minorities’ businesses and their degree of specialisation and analyse how political authorities’ reliance on minorities to face food scarcity not only represented an economic opportunity for minorities but also contributed to shaping their relationship with public authorities.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 535-550
Issue: 3
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2022.2159383
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2022.2159383
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# input file: FBSH_A_1907569_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Michael Martoccio
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Martoccio
Title: ’A man of particular ability’: A Jewish-Genoese military contractor in the fiscal-military system
Abstract: 
 In recent years, scholars have explored the pivotal role Jewish merchants played in feeding and arming European armies from 1500 to 1800. Yet they have ignored the problems these merchants faced when they cast outside national borders to urban centres far from the battlefield, a multi-national mobilisation of resources known as the ‘fiscal-military system’. This article uses a case-study of one Jewish merchant, Jacob Levi, from the port of Genoa to explore the essential brokerage role of ethnic-religious minorities in the early modern fiscal-military system. With knowhow built through his private businesses as well as a network of his co-religious, Levi became one of the most important suppliers of grain for the Bourbon army of northern Italy from 1702 to 1706. But foodstuffs did not transit alone; as Levi’s records show, other war matériel accompanied grain, none more volatile than the at-least 17,000 barrels of gunpowder that Levi transited through the port in these years.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 625-652
Issue: 3
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1907569
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1907569
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# input file: FBSH_A_1979518_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Sofia Gullino
Author-X-Name-First: Sofia
Author-X-Name-Last: Gullino
Title: Northern grain and the Flemish nation in Genoa: the structural consequences of a famine (1585–1616)
Abstract: 
 This article is a case study in the formation and function of commercial networks in the early Modern Period. Analysing the network structures and strategies of foreign businessmen in urban contexts, the inquiry focuses on the Republic of Genoa’s role in the grain trade during the 16th and the 17th centuries. To do so, it examines the contributions of ‘Northern’ merchants in the creation of new commercial networks on a European scale during a major famine. The crisis forced the Republic to open new supply channels, towards Northern Europe and the Baltic region. Through their correspondents abroad, Northern European traders were urged to send grains and agents to Genoa. They did, and the numbers and the prestige of the German and the Flemish nations in the city increased. Their presence changed the commercial networks of the Genoese victualling institution, the Magistrato dell’Abbondanza, and they gained considerable influence after the famine.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 580-597
Issue: 3
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1979518
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1979518
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# input file: FBSH_A_1970137_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Dario Dell’Osa
Author-X-Name-First: Dario
Author-X-Name-Last: Dell’Osa
Author-Name: Stella Lippolis
Author-X-Name-First: Stella
Author-X-Name-Last: Lippolis
Title: Ragusan trade diaspora and the commerce of grain in sixteenth century: A network-institutional approach
Abstract: 
 During the sixteenth century, small diasporic communities of businessmen of Ragusa Republic settled in some Mediterranean ports. These communities were made up of commercial agents, merchants and seamen who, using the detailed information system of the motherland and relying on the Republic’s fleet, were engaged in the trade of grain. This study expands previous analysis of Mediterranean Ragusan trade considering it as a trade network diaspora and investigating it in this perspective. In particular, using a network-institutional approach, the role of the Ragusan diaspora in grain trade has been analysed as an instrument of diffusion of the merchant practices in commerce, shipping and finance which have thus become as a cultural heritage of the Ragusa society. The environmental and social pressures conditioned the activity of the merchants and shaped its role as mediators of social capital in support of the economic activity of the motherland.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 598-624
Issue: 3
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1970137
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1970137
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# input file: FBSH_A_1924152_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Stefania Ecchia
Author-X-Name-First: Stefania
Author-X-Name-Last: Ecchia
Title: A price for toleration: The role of grain in shaping business relations between nobles and Jews of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
Abstract: 
 This article argues that the business alliance between the Polish nobility and the Jews was central to the Polish Lithuanian Commonwealth’s overcoming the economic crisis of the mid-seventeenth following the decline of grain exports. The leaseholding agreements by which the nobles entrusted the management of their landed property and monopoly rights to the Jews allowed the exploitation of local markets as the main outlet for grain production while the reshaping of the river trade’s organisation supported new products’ exports as well as those of grain. In contrast, the article explains how, by virtue of their integration into the management of the nobles’ estates, Jewish communities remained entangled in the meshes of the Polish feudal system, and exposed, as a symbol of its oppression, to antisemitic attacks. The ‘philosemitic mercantilism’ pursed by the nobles did not come to guarantee the Jews a tolerance based on the rule of law. The price was a brake on economic growth.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 687-708
Issue: 3
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1924152
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1924152
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# input file: FBSH_A_1944112_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Fabrizio Antonio Ansani
Author-X-Name-First: Fabrizio Antonio
Author-X-Name-Last: Ansani
Title: A ‘Magnificent’ military entrepreneur? The involvement of the Medici Bank in the arms trade (1482-1494)
Abstract: 
 Sifting through business accounts and public records, this article demonstrates the involvement of Medici Bank in the military industry of the fifteenth century, shedding new light on the final years of one of the most important companies in Renaissance Italy. By restating the relation between the public role and the private business of Lorenzo the Magnificent, this article emphasises the exploitation of government operations for his economic gain as well as the use of the family business for his political purposes – in this case, the consolidation of the new, permanent military institutions of the Florentine Republic. Developing this point further, the entire military organisation of the Medicean regime, traditionally assessed as haphazard and inefficient, is re-evaluated. Finally, this article contributes to the current debate on the military entrepreneurship of the preindustrial world, focussing on the cooperation between state administration and capitalist elites in supplying the materiel indispensable to early modern armies.
Journal: Business History
Pages: 709-738
Issue: 3
Volume: 66
Year: 2024
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/00076791.2021.1944112
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/00076791.2021.1944112
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Handle: RePEc:taf:bushst:v:66:y:2024:i:3:p:709-738