Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard E. Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 4
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.746585
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.746585
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:4:p:1-2
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chaogui Kang
Author-X-Name-First: Chaogui
Author-X-Name-Last: Kang
Author-Name: Yu Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Yu
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Xiujun Ma
Author-X-Name-First: Xiujun
Author-X-Name-Last: Ma
Author-Name: Lun Wu
Author-X-Name-First: Lun
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu
Title: Towards Estimating Urban Population Distributions from Mobile Call Data
Abstract:
Today, large-volume mobile phone call datasets are widely
applied to investigate the spatio-temporal characteristics of human urban
activity. This paper discusses several fundamental issues in estimating
population distributions based on mobile call data. By adopting an
individual-based call activity dataset that consists of nearly two million
mobile subscribers who made over one hundred million communications over
seven consecutive days, we explore the relationships among the Erlang
values, the number of calls, and the number of active mobile subscribers.
Then, the LandScan population density dataset is introduced to evaluate
the process of estimating the population. The empirical findings indicate
that: (1) Temporal variation exists in the relation between the Erlang
values and the number of calls; (2) The number of calls is linearly
proportional to the number of active mobile subscribers; (3) The
proportion between the mobile subscribers and the actual total population
varies in different areas, thus failing to represent the underlying
population. Hence, the call activity reflects "activity intensity" rather
than population distribution. The Erlang is a defective indicator of
population distribution, whereas the number of calls serves as a better
measure. This research provides an explicit clarification with respect to
using call activity data for estimating population distribution.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-21
Issue: 4
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.715479
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.715479
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:4:p:3-21
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Camille Kamga
Author-X-Name-First: Camille
Author-X-Name-Last: Kamga
Author-Name: Alison Conway
Author-X-Name-First: Alison
Author-X-Name-Last: Conway
Author-Name: Abhishek Singhal
Author-X-Name-First: Abhishek
Author-X-Name-Last: Singhal
Author-Name: Anil Yazici
Author-X-Name-First: Anil
Author-X-Name-Last: Yazici
Title: Using Advanced Technologies to Manage Airport Taxicab Operations
Abstract:
Airports play a strategic role in economic development of
cities and provide connectivity between business and commercial centers.
Taxicab operations play a crucial role in determining the overall
efficiency of an airport's ground transportation system. However,
airport-specific regulations pose challenges for managing taxicab
operations effectively. The adoption of emerging technologies for managing
taxicabs at airports offers faster, more efficient, and more
cost-effective solutions to meet airport regulatory and operational
requirements. In this case study, the operation of a central computerized
taxicab dispatch system employed at John. F. Kennedy (JFK) International
Airport in New York City is evaluated to identify observed limitations and
associated avenues for improvement. Based on a review of state-of-practice
taxicab dispatch systems deployed in airports worldwide, this research
illustrates how modern technologies and procedural changes can be applied
to optimize the taxicab operations at JFK and similar airports.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 23-43
Issue: 4
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.717461
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.717461
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:4:p:23-43
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Paradiso
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Paradiso
Title: Information and Communication Technologies and Environmental Safety: The Case of Naples-Vesuvius, Italy
Abstract:
Information and communication technologies (ICT) are a new
force in the investigation and realization of management systems oriented
to the socioeconomic prediction and mitigation of the effects of
disasters. This article attempts to assess the topic of information and
communication technologies (ICTs) in hazardous environments. It identifies
an important use to which ICT (text messages) could be put, countering the
possibility of risk amplification caused by sensational media reporting. A
special case was chosen: the highly urbanized area of Vesuvius and the
earthquake hazard in the Naples (Italy) area. Media accounts included the
recent "Vesuvius countdown" and related TV reports that caused thousands
of alarmed calls to the Civil Protection call center. The long urban
history of this area, and the long eruptive history of Vesuvius, together
with the emergence of a new Civil Protection system adopting ICTs,
including communication strategies and debriefing media (text messaging),
all offer intriguing insights into ICTs and disasters.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 45-58
Issue: 4
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.715480
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.715480
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sura Almaiyah
Author-X-Name-First: Sura
Author-X-Name-Last: Almaiyah
Author-Name: Hisham Elkadi
Author-X-Name-First: Hisham
Author-X-Name-Last: Elkadi
Title: Study on the Visual Performance of a Traditional Residential Neighborhood in Old Cairo
Abstract:
Traditional dwellings located in the hot arid zone in Egypt
are well known for their sensitive architectural response to the region's
climatic conditions and socio-cultural norms. The majority of these
dwellings are well recognized for their courtyard arrangement and
perforated fenestration systems that evolved to control the harsh solar,
climatic conditions without compromising the aesthetic quality of the
space and the occupants' well-being. The unique visual characteristics of
these structures cannot be fully appreciated by assessing the visual
performance of buildings in isolation from their urban context. Much of
the character of the traditional urban fabric of this region came from the
collective visual perception of its architectural components as well as
urban patterns. This paper examines daylight behavior of a well-known
historic alleyway and of a courtyard house in the Old City of Cairo. Using
the Radiance IES simulation modeling tool and a scaled model under an
artificial sky dome, the paper investigates the visual comfort in a
typical pedestrian street and a selected house. A comparative analysis
between simulated results and measured values at target points was
conducted. The results indicate a reasonable agreement with the simulation
results. The paper gives an insight into the overall visual experience in
the traditional settlements in the Old City of Cairo in relation to
daylight components and hence their contribution to the unique sense of
identity of the place.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 59-86
Issue: 4
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2011.649913
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2011.649913
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:4:p:59-86
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ileana Cer�n-Palma
Author-X-Name-First: Ileana
Author-X-Name-Last: Cer�n-Palma
Author-Name: Esther Sany�-Mengual
Author-X-Name-First: Esther
Author-X-Name-Last: Sany�-Mengual
Author-Name: Jordi Oliver-Sol�
Author-X-Name-First: Jordi
Author-X-Name-Last: Oliver-Sol�
Author-Name: Juan-Ignacio Montero
Author-X-Name-First: Juan-Ignacio
Author-X-Name-Last: Montero
Author-Name: Joan Rieradevall
Author-X-Name-First: Joan
Author-X-Name-Last: Rieradevall
Title: Barriers and Opportunities Regarding the Implementation of Rooftop Eco.Greenhouses (RTEG) in Mediterranean Cities of Europe
Abstract:
Today 50 percent of the world's population lives in cities.
This entails an excessive exploitation of natural resources, an increase
in pollution, and an increase in the demand for food. One way of reducing
the ecological footprint of cities is to introduce agricultural activities
to them. In the current food and agriculture model, the fragmentation of
the city and the countryside means energy use, CO2 emissions
from transport, and large-scale marketing requirements. Rooftop
Eco.Greenhouses (RTEG) consist of a greenhouse connected to a building in
terms of energy, water, and CO2 flows; it is a new model for a
sustainable production, an eco-innovative concept for producing high
quality vegetables and improving the sustainability of buildings in
cities. The main objective of this study is to examine the barriers and
opportunities regarding the implementation of RTEG in Mediterranean cities
in Europe. The work method consisted of discussion seminars involving an
interdisciplinary group of experts in the area of agronomy, architecture,
engineering, environmental sciences, industrial ecology, and other related
disciplines. The barriers and opportunities of RTEG take into account
social, economic, environmental, and technological aspects and were
determined and analyzed according to three scenarios of implementation:
residential buildings, educational or cultural buildings, and industrial
buildings. We would highlight the interconnection of the building and the
greenhouse as an opportunity of RTEG, making use of water, energy, and
CO2 flows between both, as well as the decrease in food
transportation requirements. The methodology applied to the study was
positive due to the interdisciplinary participation of experts which
facilitated a global vision of the implementation of the project.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 87-103
Issue: 4
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.717685
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.717685
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:4:p:87-103
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Naomi Adiv
Author-X-Name-First: Naomi
Author-X-Name-Last: Adiv
Title: Precious Commodity: Providing Water for America's Cities. By Martin V Melosi (Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2011), pp. 304, $27.95 (Paperback)
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 105-108
Issue: 4
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.746584
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.746584
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:4:p:105-108
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jessica Miller
Author-X-Name-First: Jessica
Author-X-Name-Last: Miller
Title: Metropolitan Natures: Environmental Histories of Montreal. Edited by St�phane Castonguay and Mich�le Degenais (Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2011), pp. 336, $42 (Hhardcover)
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 108-109
Issue: 4
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.746587
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.746587
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:4:p:108-109
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jeremy Kargon
Author-X-Name-First: Jeremy
Author-X-Name-Last: Kargon
Title: Losing Site: Architecture, Memory, and Place. By Shelley Hornstein (Farnham, Surrey, UK: Ashgate Publishing Limited, 2011), pp. 182, $89.95 (Hardcover)
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 109-112
Issue: 4
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.746586
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.746586
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:4:p:109-112
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Joss
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Joss
Author-Name: Robert H. Kargon
Author-X-Name-First: Robert H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kargon
Author-Name: Arthur P. Molella
Author-X-Name-First: Arthur P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Molella
Title: From The Guest Editors
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-5
Issue: 1
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.735408
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.735408
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Morris Low
Author-X-Name-First: Morris
Author-X-Name-Last: Low
Title: Eco-Cities in Japan: Past and Future
Abstract:
This paper outlines the emergence of eco-cities in Japan from
a much needed historical perspective. Since Japan's rapid
industrialization in the late nineteenth century, there has been an
emphasis on economic growth at all costs. Despite the introduction of the
concept of the Garden City in Japan in the early twentieth century,
industrialization continued unabated. After a disastrous World War II, the
nation rebuilt and enjoyed rapid economic growth in the 1950s and 1960s.
Japan is still coming to terms with the cost of that economic growth. The
paper examines three cities: Minamata, Kitakyūshū, and
Kawasaki. Minamata has transformed itself from being a polluted city to a
green tourism destination. The city of Kitakyūshū embraced an
eco-town strategy in 1997 to promote a structural shift away from heavy
industries to green industries. That year, Kawasaki (close to the Tokyo
Metropolitan area), too, was designated an eco-town and Minamata received
the same title in 2001. This paper identifies key features of
eco-cities/eco-towns in Japan, the importance of retrofitting, and
examines the roles of citizens, the government, and the private sector.
What is surprising is the international orientation of Japanese
eco-cities. These cities represent not only Japan's future, but also its
efforts to deal with its industrial past.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 7-22
Issue: 1
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.735107
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.735107
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Federico Cugurullo
Author-X-Name-First: Federico
Author-X-Name-Last: Cugurullo
Title: How to Build a Sandcastle: An Analysis of the Genesis and Development of Masdar City
Abstract:
Fuelled by an increasing diffusion of "green-consciousness"
in urban politics, the eco-city has recently gained momentum. In the last
decade, several governments from different areas of the world have
approved plans for the construction of new master-planned urban
developments aiming to find a balance with nature. The eco-city phenomenon
is inscribed in a critical spatio-temporal context and its effects will
arguably have a strong influence on our near future. Today, cities drain
most of the global resources, have a major impact on the environment, and
attract an increasing percentage of the world's population. Should the
mainstream projections on 2050 prove to be correct, what we build now is
and will be of primary importance. Hence, it is time to bring our current
paradigms into question. This paper acknowledges the popularity that the
eco-city has achieved in planning and mainstream discourses on sustainable
development and aims to develop an understanding of the phenomenon on the
basis of empirical analysis. More specifically, the paper focuses on the
nexus between eco-cities and sustainability ideology to show how the
latter is understood and applied in the development of new settlements.
Using Masdar City as a case study, the three canonic dimensions of
sustainability: the economic, the social, and the environmental, are here
explored, and their respective weight evaluated. Ultimately, it will be
shown how the foundations of the eco-city are strongly grounded in
economic concerns and how the social and environmental aspects form only a
layer aiming to hide the real nature of the phenomenon.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 23-37
Issue: 1
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.735105
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.735105
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sofia T. Shwayri
Author-X-Name-First: Sofia T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Shwayri
Title: A Model Korean Ubiquitous Eco-City? The Politics of Making Songdo
Abstract:
Building cities from scratch has continued unabated since the
latter half of the twentieth century despite some of these planned cities
achieving global infamy for their failures. These endeavors are, in part,
due to a persistent belief by governments that newly constructed cities
can set their nations on a fast path to the future. Today, challenges
posed both by global climate change and increased urbanization have
widened this platform from projects almost exclusively of developing
nations to include those in the developed world. Today we talk of the
eco-city, a local solution to a global crisis. If completion is
successfully fast-tracked, the resultant eco-city will position its
respective nation at the forefront of innovation in what is effectively a
global race: the resultant city can be exported as a model both locally
and globally. In this regard, the envisioning and building of Songdo in
South Korea may not be unique. Songdo is a city underway on flat land
created from wetland reclamation. As part of the Incheon Free Economic
Zone (IFEZ), Songdo's development has benefited from opportunistic
circumstances that has led to its pursuit of becoming a "Ubiquitous
Eco-City." The green infrastructure of the new city is to be enhanced by
the provision of extra services that combine information and communication
technologies as well as digital networks to ideally create harmony among
the environment, society, and technology. Songdo, as planned, will
position South Korea among a group of leading nations, and possibly at the
forefront of new city development, potentially producing a model for
export.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 39-55
Issue: 1
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.735409
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.735409
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:20:y:2013:i:1:p:39-55
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: I-Chun Catherine Chang
Author-X-Name-First: I-Chun Catherine
Author-X-Name-Last: Chang
Author-Name: Eric Sheppard
Author-X-Name-First: Eric
Author-X-Name-Last: Sheppard
Title: China's Eco-Cities as Variegated-super-1 Urban Sustainability: Dongtan Eco-City and Chongming Eco-Island
Abstract:
Proliferating environmental sustainability policy frameworks
suggest that sustainability and economic competitiveness are essentially
interdependent and mutually enhancing. Under these policy discourses,
cities are designated as strategic geographical locales for fulfilling the
green capitalist goal of reconciling the contradictions between the
environment and development that have long bedeviled capitalism. While
most urban sustainability agendas are crafted based on the experience of
post-industrial countries, the promise of green capitalism and
sustainability faces different challenges where industrial production
still dominates the economy. However, research on whether and how urban
sustainability policies are geographically variegated is still sparse,
particularly beyond western (post)industrial capitalism. Examining the
Dongtan eco-city project and the associated Chongming eco-island project
in Shanghai, we interrogate how sustainability is imagined and practiced
on the ground within the distinctive Chinese context. The meanings of
sustainability in Dongtan and Chongming reflect the context of Chinese
urbanization in the Shanghai area. Both Dongtan and Chongming seek to
develop green technologies as a way to resolve the dilemma of being caught
between urbanization and agriculture. This approach is also shaped by
Chongming's island geography as enabling a self-sufficient development
trajectory, and its desire to attract a cosmopolitan population. Through
these place-specific contexts, the ecology and economy of Dongtan and
Chongming become intertwined, producing and reproducing a variegated form
of urban sustainability, and of "green capitalism."
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 57-75
Issue: 1
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.735104
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.735104
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:20:y:2013:i:1:p:57-75
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anna Hult
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Hult
Title: Swedish Production of Sustainable Urban Imaginaries in China
Abstract:
Sweden and the broader region of Scandinavia have been widely
praised for their efforts to develop and promote models of sustainability
for the rest of the world. Swedish international architecture and urban
planning firms are driven by the advantage of being able to brand their
projects as "Sustainable and Scandinavian." In this sense, "the
sustainable city" has become a Swedish service to export. In order to
strengthen a coherent image of Swedish sustainable urban development, in,
2007, the Swedish Trade Council initiated a marketing platform for
eco-profiled companies under the name of "SymbioCity." This paper seeks to
explore the production of imaginaries at play in the performance of
"SymbioCity." It especially addresses the way in which notions of progress
and a better city life were presented to Chinese audiences in the Swedish
pavilion at the World Expo in Shanghai in 2010. The Swedish pavilion is
here regarded as a node in the export of a wider network of Swedish
sustainable urban planning services. I argue that the imaginaries that
Sweden produces through activities associated with the SymbioCity
underlines a view that equates "progress" with the notion of "decoupling"
of economic growth and CO2-emissions. In presenting an image of
decoupling as a Swedish experience possible to transfer to China, it also
establishes views of progress as linear and space as static. Using the
term "absent presence" opens up a counter narrative, which turns
decoupling as a Swedish experience into a myth and raises the need for
urban imaginaries based on a relational view of space.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 77-94
Issue: 1
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.735405
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.735405
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:20:y:2013:i:1:p:77-94
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin de Jong
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: de Jong
Author-Name: Dong Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Dong
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Chang Yu
Author-X-Name-First: Chang
Author-X-Name-Last: Yu
Title: Exploring the Relevance of the Eco-City Concept in China: The Case of Shenzhen Sino-Dutch Low Carbon City
Abstract:
While the original eco-city concept as developed by authors
such as Richard Register is based on the ecological carrying capacity of
the bio-region and has been fleshed out by others to include Western
interpretations of good governance such as having a collaborative
platform, constructive dialogue, a systems approach, and integrated
policy-making, its practical implementation in China has taken a very
different turn. Understanding this gap, the reason for its emergence, and
its implications is the core of this article. It first reviews the
demanding requirements for eco-city development as formulated in the
literature. Then the political and administrative realities in China are
discussed to illustrate how Chinese policy-makers incorporate the idea in
their policy-making practice. Next, lessons learned from an eco-city
project in Shenzhen are presented to compare the theoretical insights with
realities on the ground the authors have observed. The authors conclude
that an intercultural dialogue on international eco-city frameworks and
standards is necessary, and that new, greener standards should be anchored
to the institutional system in China for the performance assessment of
political leaders responsible for the future of urban development in
China.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 95-113
Issue: 1
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.756202
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.756202
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:20:y:2013:i:1:p:95-113
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Joss
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Joss
Author-Name: Arthur P. Molella
Author-X-Name-First: Arthur P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Molella
Title: The Eco-City as Urban Technology: Perspectives on Caofeidian International Eco-City (China)
Abstract:
Caofeidian International Eco-City, in North-East China, is
among several large-scale new eco-city initiatives currently in
development across Asia. Built from scratch across an area of 74
km-super-2, with an expected population of 800,000 by 2020, the city's
plan boasts an abundance of urban sustainability features, from integrated
public transport services and advanced water and waste recycling systems,
to public parks and an extensive wetland area. This article uses the
historical and conceptual perspective of "techno-city" to analyze the
city's urban technology features. It highlights the relationship between
the city and its hinterland, discusses the focus on science and technology
driving the city's concept, and explores the international, modernist
design language used. In doing so, the analysis points to several key
tensions and contradictions at work, including a disconnect between the
city's green technology focus and the high-carbon heavy industry of the
surrounding area, and a lack of engagement with the local culture and
community. Caofeidian Eco-City exhibits several features of
twentieth-century techno-cities, although these are re-cast within the
twenty-first-century context of global climate change policy and China's
ongoing rapid urbanization processes.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 115-137
Issue: 1
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.735411
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.735411
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:20:y:2013:i:1:p:115-137
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard E. Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 2
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2013.797654
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2013.797654
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Author-Name: Kyoung Sun Moon
Author-X-Name-First: Kyoung Sun
Author-X-Name-Last: Moon
Title: Dynamic Interaction between Technology and Architectural Aesthetics in Tall Buildings
Abstract:
This article investigates the dynamic interrelationship
between technology and aesthetics of modern architecture focusing on tall
buildings from their emergence in the late nineteenth century to the
present. Through the historical research, a filtering concept is developed
- original technology and remedial
technology - through which one can clearly understand the
interrelationship between the technological evolution and architectural
aesthetics and the further stylistic transition of tall buildings.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-24
Issue: 2
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.735479
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.735479
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Author-Name: Kheir Al-Kodmany
Author-X-Name-First: Kheir
Author-X-Name-Last: Al-Kodmany
Title: The Visual Integration of Tall Buildings: New Technologies and the City Skyline
Abstract:
A skyline is the urban signature that defines the city's
identity and reflects its economic and global standing. Providing visual
order and harmony among tall buildings is a key factor for ensuring
aesthetically pleasing skylines. Currently, a new generation of
skyscrapers, constructed with innovative technologies, building materials,
and computerized lighting systems is re-forming the city skyline. These
tall buildings are notable for their shape, lightness, transparency,
colors, elegance, reflectivity, and iconicity. This article discusses the
design process necessary for the successful visual integration of tall
buildings into cities. It explains the dialectic and interdependent visual
relationship among buildings and the city and the design studies required
to achieve balanced, coherent, and attractive skylines.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 25-44
Issue: 2
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.735481
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.735481
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Author-Name: Arnim Wiek
Author-X-Name-First: Arnim
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiek
Author-Name: David Guston
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Guston
Author-Name: Sander van der Leeuw
Author-X-Name-First: Sander
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Leeuw
Author-Name: Cynthia Selin
Author-X-Name-First: Cynthia
Author-X-Name-Last: Selin
Author-Name: Philip Shapira
Author-X-Name-First: Philip
Author-X-Name-Last: Shapira
Title: Nanotechnology in the City: Sustainability Challenges and Anticipatory Governance
Abstract:
Visions about the use of nanotechnologies in the city,
including in the design and construction of built environments, suggest
that these technologies could be critically important for solving urban
sustainability problems. We argue that such visions often overlook two
critical and interrelated elements. First, conjectures about future
nano-enhanced cities tend to rely on flawed concepts of urban
sustainability that underestimate the challenges presented by
deeply-rooted paradigms of market economics, risk assessment, and the
absorption of disruptive technologies. Second, opportunities for
stakeholders such as city officials, non-governmental organizations, and
citizens to consider the nature and distribution of the potential benefits
and adverse effects of nano-enabled urban technologies are rarely
triggered sufficiently early. Limitations in early engagement will lead to
problems and missed opportunities in the use of nanotechnologies for urban
sustainability. In this article, we critically explore ideas about the
nano-enhanced city and its promises and limitations related to urban
sustainability. On this base, we outline an agenda for engaged research to
support anticipatory governance of nanotechnologies in cities.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 45-62
Issue: 2
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.735415
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.735415
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Author-Name: Oswald Devisch
Author-X-Name-First: Oswald
Author-X-Name-Last: Devisch
Author-Name: Daniel Veestraeten
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Veestraeten
Title: From Sharing to Experimenting: How Mobile Technologies Are Helping Ordinary Citizens Regain Their Positions as Scientists
Abstract:
Citizen science is a term used to describe the engagement of
ordinary citizens in scientific tasks like observation, measurement, and
computation. A series of technological innovations, such as the Internet,
the upgrade of mobile phones from communication devices to networked
mobile personal measurement devices, and the introduction of
self-assessment applications to use with them, redefined the activity of
citizen science, providing amateur scientists not only with tools to
share, but to also record and interpret almost any type of data. These
innovations generated an explosion in the number of citizen science
projects, with technology on the one hand reducing the need for skills or
knowledge which, until then, were a basic requirement to be involved in
such projects, while, on the other, guaranteeing that the generated data
meets a minimum standard of quality. In this paper we argue that for
citizens to become true scientists, a position they used to have before
the arrival of the professionals, an additional technological innovation
is required to turn mobile devices into tools for experimentation.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 63-76
Issue: 2
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2013.769313
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2013.769313
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ali Tayebi
Author-X-Name-First: Ali
Author-X-Name-Last: Tayebi
Title: "Communihood:" A Less Formal or More Local Form of Community in the Age of the Internet
Abstract:
After more than three decades of the expansion of information
technology into every aspect of human life, it is time to stop utopian or
dystopian imaginings about how this new technology can fundamentally
change human and social life in general and communies and neighborhoods in
particular. This paper criticizes the binary and deterministic social
science approaches to the effects of information technology on community
and neighborhood: a binary approach in distinguishing community versus
neighborhood based on their attachment to location, and a deterministic
approach where information technology is seen as active while society is
passive. In contrast, this paper uses the concept of Thirdspace to define
"communihood" not as an alternative to previous approaches, but as an
inclusive and a realistic concept that includes characteristics of both
community and neighborhood. In communihood, information technology is
understood not as a deterministic force, but as a facilitating tool in
social communications and information sharing. After defining communihood,
location-based identity, hybrid diversity, and place-based power are
introduced as three main characteristics of communihood.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 77-91
Issue: 2
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2013.769317
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2013.769317
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard E. Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 3
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2013.830516
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2013.830516
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoff D. Zylstra
Author-X-Name-First: Geoff D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Zylstra
Title: Struggle over the Streets: Industrialization and the Fight over the Corporate Control of Street Space in Philadelphia, 1830-1860
Abstract:
Between 1830 and 1860, Philadelphia's streets became the
focus of a series of physical and legal disputes as new infrastructure
technologies transformed the streets from a social to a corporate space.
Early in the nineteenth century the city gave its residents control and
responsibility for the streets creating what amounted to an urban commons.
In the 1830s, city ordinances and state charters gave the companies
building large infrastructure technologies like streetcar systems and
telegraph lines rights to the streets. These new laws effectively made
street space a corporately owned public space. Many residents of
Philadelphia resisted these changes and their resistance highlights the
incompatibility of residentially and corporately controlled public space.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-19
Issue: 3
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2013.823052
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2013.823052
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alan Wiig
Author-X-Name-First: Alan
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiig
Title: Everyday Landmarks of Networked Urbanism: Cellular Antenna Sites and the Infrastructure of Mobile Communication in Philadelphia
Abstract:
Harnessing the utility of mobile communication and the mobile
Internet is a common, everyday aspect of the urban condition. The wireless
connectivity these pocketable devices are produced through an
electromagnetic overlay that emanates from cellular antenna and towers.
These sites have a distinct if often overlooked presence in the urban
landscape of the United States. Through fieldwork in Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania, this essay examines the aesthetic impact of
telecommunications network equipment such as cellular sites as a means of
locating these sites as key socio-technical actors in one of the
information and telecommunication infrastructures of contemporary,
networked urbanism.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 21-37
Issue: 3
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/01446193.2013.823051
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/01446193.2013.823051
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yongchi Ma
Author-X-Name-First: Yongchi
Author-X-Name-Last: Ma
Author-Name: Martin de Jong
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: de Jong
Author-Name: Joop Koppenjan
Author-X-Name-First: Joop
Author-X-Name-Last: Koppenjan
Title: Identifying Organizational and Contractual Drivers behind Subway Construction Accidents in China: A Tale of Three Cities
Abstract:
In most Chinese metropolitan areas, ambitious investment
programs in new urban subway networks are underway. The safety record of
this nation-wide program is rather disturbing. Official reports have been
drafted on the technical, organizational, and regulatory causes for the
accidents that have occurred, identifying the violation of safety and
labor regulations. In this article we will take this analysis one step
further by systematically mapping behavioral patterns among involved
organizations and relate them to the underlying configuration of
institutional factors. This article builds on the existing debate on
Rasmussen's concept "drift to safety boundaries," problematizing the
existing institutional incentives imposed on parties involved. These
incentives drive them to trade off safety for the benefit of other values,
thus crossing the safety boundary. Trade-offs in subway construction
accidents in Hangzhou, Beijing, and Dalian, are investigated and compared,
in order to identify the institutional patterns underlying them.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 39-64
Issue: 3
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2013.809229
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2013.809229
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Author-Name: Rodrigo Jos� Firmino
Author-X-Name-First: Rodrigo Jos�
Author-X-Name-Last: Firmino
Author-Name: Marta Kanashiro
Author-X-Name-First: Marta
Author-X-Name-Last: Kanashiro
Author-Name: Fernanda Bruno
Author-X-Name-First: Fernanda
Author-X-Name-Last: Bruno
Author-Name: Rafael Evangelista
Author-X-Name-First: Rafael
Author-X-Name-Last: Evangelista
Author-Name: Liliane da Costa Nascimento
Author-X-Name-First: Liliane
Author-X-Name-Last: da Costa Nascimento
Title: Fear, Security, and the Spread of CCTV in Brazilian Cities: Legislation, Debate, and the Market
Abstract:
Latin America has shown itself to be a fertile ground for the
proliferation of surveillance cameras, especially in retail and in
small-scale private security (homes, condominiums, shopping malls, etc.).
In Brazil, this proliferation has occurred for three main reasons: the
absence of specific legislation regulating how these systems are used; the
limited scope of the debate about the deployment of surveillance
technology and the implications of its widespread use; and a growing
atmosphere of urban fear that affects the way people live in and move
around large and medium-sized cities. In a study carried out in Brazil and
Mexico and funded by the International Development Research Centre (IDRC),
various aspects of the use of surveillance technologies were mapped and
described, focusing on existing legislation, related studies, research
centers, current technologies and the market. In this article we present
some of the results of this research as they relate to the proliferation
of video surveillance in Brazil. The Brazilian market for video
surveillance, which has grown steadily since the 1980s, is now booming,
reflecting the growing interest this technology holds for the (property
and personal) security market as well as the real estate market. Over the
past 30 years, this interest centered on public areas with large numbers
of people, such as parks, squares, and major commercial streets, or
private spaces such as shopping malls, sports centers, and event centers.
However, in recent years there has been an expansion in the security
market as a result of the gentrification of large residential areas in
medium-sized cities and metropolitan regions in Brazil. A consequence of
these developments in the real estate market has been, indirectly, a
growth in the use of CCTV systems as crime- and violence-prevention tools
by small, medium-sized, and large private security companies targeting all
social classes. In this study, we highlight the following aspects of video
surveillance in Brazil: regulation of the use and proliferation of CCTV;
involvement of the scientific community through debate and academic
training; and the technologies used in electronic surveillance as a
response to a growing demand by the urban security and real estate
markets.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 65-84
Issue: 3
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2013.809221
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2013.809221
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Author-Name: Bj�rn Wallsten
Author-X-Name-First: Bj�rn
Author-X-Name-Last: Wallsten
Author-Name: Nils Johansson
Author-X-Name-First: Nils
Author-X-Name-Last: Johansson
Author-Name: Joakim Krook
Author-X-Name-First: Joakim
Author-X-Name-Last: Krook
Title: A Cable Laid Is a Cable Played: On the Hibernation Logic behind Urban Infrastructure Mines
Abstract:
Our societies are reliant on metals to such an extent that
the total amounts of some of them in the built environment are comparable
in size to the remaining amounts in known mountain ores. Because of
concerns about mineral scarcity, the United Nations has assessed
alternative sources for metal extraction and targeted urban areas in
general and infrastructure systems in particular, since these are large,
spatially concentrated and rich in metals. Referring to the possibility of
recovering these metal stocks, infrastructure systems constitute what
material flow researchers has conceptually termed "urban mines." While
most urban infrastructure is in use, significant amounts of cables and
pipes have been disconnected and remain in their subsurface locations;
they are "hibernating." In this article, we analyze the occurrence of such
hibernation in the Swedish city of Norrk�ping's urban infrastructure mine
where, we know from a previous study, that every fourth kilo of
infrastructure is discarded. Our applied perspective is different from the
logic of system expansion as a way to meet increased demand often found in
the field of infrastructure studies since we are interested in how systems
are disconnected and left behind. This enables us to offer a refined
understanding of the concepts of infrastructure "decline" and
infrastructure "cold spots." We argue that to prevent the increase of
dormant infrastructures and to engage in the urban mining of already
dormant infrastructures, we must develop a sensibility to the materiality
of derelict infrastructure components and the underlying causes for why
they form different kinds of spatial patterns.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 85-103
Issue: 3
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2013.809222
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2013.809222
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:20:y:2013:i:3:p:85-103
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xiaoguang Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoguang
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Joe Grengs
Author-X-Name-First: Joe
Author-X-Name-Last: Grengs
Author-Name: Lidia Kostyniuk
Author-X-Name-First: Lidia
Author-X-Name-Last: Kostyniuk
Title: Visualizing Travel Patterns with a GPS Dataset: How Commuting Routes Influence Non-Work Travel Behavior
Abstract:
This paper examines the spatial patterns of non-work
activities for 34 drivers in the Southeast Michigan region. Capitalizing
upon a unique global positioning systems (GPS) dataset and GIS
visualization techniques, this study quantifies the spatial distributions
of non-work activities for drivers with different commuting distances, and
for non-work activities that are chained in different types of travel
(commute travel vs. non-commute travel). We find a strong dependence of
non-work activity locations on commuting distances, and an influence of
commuting routes on non-work activities chained in all types of travel.
The results underline the importance of commuting routes in shaping the
spatial configuration of non-work activities.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 105-125
Issue: 3
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2013.811986
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2013.811986
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:20:y:2013:i:3:p:105-125
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tonya Nashay Sanders
Author-X-Name-First: Tonya Nashay
Author-X-Name-Last: Sanders
Title: The City
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 127-130
Issue: 3
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2013.830525
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2013.830525
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:20:y:2013:i:3:p:127-130
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Erik Ferguson
Author-X-Name-First: Erik
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferguson
Title: Reshaping Metropolitan America: Development Trends and Opportunities to 2030
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 130-133
Issue: 3
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2013.830522
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2013.830522
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:20:y:2013:i:3:p:130-133
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard E. Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 4
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2013.872327
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2013.872327
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:20:y:2013:i:4:p:1-2
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jong Youl Lee
Author-X-Name-First: Jong Youl
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee
Author-Name: Chad David Anderson
Author-X-Name-First: Chad David
Author-X-Name-Last: Anderson
Title: The Restored Cheonggyecheon and the Quality of Life in Seoul
Abstract:
Conservative mayor of Seoul, Lee Myung-bak, oversaw a project to restore
the Cheonggyecheon stream from 2003 to 2005. The purpose of the
restoration was to improve the quality of cultural and environmental life
in central Seoul, thus making the urban environment more attractive for
residents while creating a more favorable economic climate. The
restoration was based on a top-down vision but leaders tried to win over
residents by providing broad benefits. The project improved the air
quality in the area, provided more green space and an artificial urban
waterway, improved traffic flow through the area, and has contributed to
the improvement of Seoul's image and helped promote its tourism. On the
other hand, the project went over budget, met some protest, promoted
gentrification, and involved more of an historical and environmental
reimagining than a restoration. The perceived success of the project
helped Mayor Lee win the presidency, but he was unable to replicate the
project on a nationwide scale and the new environmental/cultural
development model heralded by the project has quickly receded, replaced by
a new focus on welfare.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-22
Issue: 4
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2013.855511
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2013.855511
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:20:y:2013:i:4:p:3-22
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Keemin Sohn
Author-X-Name-First: Keemin
Author-X-Name-Last: Sohn
Title: Feature Mapping the Seoul Metro Station Areas Based on a Self-Organizing Map
Abstract:
Land in the vicinity of railway stations in the Seoul metropolitan area
has been spotlighted as a target for redevelopment in accordance with the
principles of transit-oriented development (TOD). In order to understand
the nature of station areas as a whole, it is required to identify their
current status with respect to their built environments, demographic
characteristics, socioeconomic status, and transport aspects. Most of the
previous studies that have focused on characterizing urban areas assumed
that clearly separable clustering is possible and tried to find a robust
methodology for that. Many researchers have used either supervised
classifiers requiring a pre-classified dataset for training, or
K-means-like unsupervised classifiers demanding a predetermined number of
clusters. The present study focused on the fact that it was hard to find
such a clear separation in station areas in Seoul. A more abstract
technology was necessary to position the current status of each station
area and to find how different station areas are from one another. A
robust unsupervised classifier, called the self-organizing map (SOM), was
employed to investigate the similarities and differences among station
areas in Seoul. The SOM results revealed many informative findings for
policy development without any classification.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 23-42
Issue: 4
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2013.855514
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2013.855514
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:20:y:2013:i:4:p:23-42
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlos Cano Viktorsson
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Cano Viktorsson
Title: Traffic Radio as a Precursor to Smart Travel Planning Systems: The Challenge of Organizing "Collective Intelligence"
Abstract:
This paper depicts how a Swedish radio station organized a means of
real-time information management to report on local traffic conditions
long before the common use of the Internet. Drawing on a history of the
Stockholm traffic radio staff the study examines particular conditions for
organizing a service that may inform next generations of smart travel
planning systems. The author notes how a vision of involving the public
together with the use of increasingly mobile and interconnected
communication devices provided the service with an opportunity for
harnessing collective intelligence. The study highlights critical success
factors and barriers for organizing collective intelligence and the
importance they may have had for providing a real-time information service
to the public.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 43-55
Issue: 4
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2013.863439
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2013.863439
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:20:y:2013:i:4:p:43-55
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elena Fregonara
Author-X-Name-First: Elena
Author-X-Name-Last: Fregonara
Author-Name: Rocco Curto
Author-X-Name-First: Rocco
Author-X-Name-Last: Curto
Author-Name: Mario Grosso
Author-X-Name-First: Mario
Author-X-Name-Last: Grosso
Author-Name: Paolo Mellano
Author-X-Name-First: Paolo
Author-X-Name-Last: Mellano
Author-Name: Diana Rolando
Author-X-Name-First: Diana
Author-X-Name-Last: Rolando
Author-Name: Jean-Marc Tulliani
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Marc
Author-X-Name-Last: Tulliani
Title: Environmental Technology, Materials Science, Architectural Design, and Real Estate Market Evaluation: A Multidisciplinary Approach for Energy-Efficient Buildings
Abstract:
The aim of this paper is to illustrate a multidisciplinary approach to
selecting, designing, and evaluating sustainable solutions for
energy-efficient buildings that are integrated into their neighborhoods at
the early design stage. The paper discusses the Strategic Choice Approach
(SCA), a tool which supports decision-makers in shaping problems in
complex contexts. SCA is proposed as a tool for developing a sort of
preliminary "platform" in which information derived from four disciplines
(environmental technology, materials science and technology, architectural
design, and real estate market evaluation) could be shared and accessed by
stakeholders during the early design stage in order to manage the
multidimensionality and uncertainty of building design. The challenge is
to structure a support tool for designers, builders, developers, and urban
planning authorities involved in sustainability-oriented land
administration.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 57-80
Issue: 4
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2013.855512
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2013.855512
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:20:y:2013:i:4:p:57-80
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Allyson Murray
Author-X-Name-First: Allyson
Author-X-Name-Last: Murray
Author-Name: David Tonjes
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Tonjes
Title: Energy Assessment of Smithtown, New York
Abstract:
Energy management and carbon mitigation plans, often created to address
global issues, must be implemented locally. Each specific area has its own
needs and problems. For this study, we used publicly available data to
create an energy assessment for the Town of Smithtown, a municipality of
116,000 people on the north shore of Long Island (New York). We found that
motor vehicles consume the largest amount of energy, followed by space
heating for both residential and commercial-industrial purposes. Local
policies probably can only modestly affect transportation energy use,
although US federal policies may have significant effects over the next
several decades. A local renovation financing program holds great promise
to improve residential heating energy usage, and could greatly reduce
energy consumption if it is expanded to cover the commercial sector.
Current Town programs have begun to address immediate needs, although
programs will require revision to achieve major reductions in energy use.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 81-98
Issue: 4
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2013.855517
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2013.855517
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:20:y:2013:i:4:p:81-98
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: O. A. K'Akumu
Author-X-Name-First: O. A.
Author-X-Name-Last: K'Akumu
Title: The Production of Artisanal Dimension Stone in Nairobi: A Factor Analytic Study
Abstract:
The study looked at the opportunities and constraints facing artisanal
units involved in the production of dimension stone. Twenty-seven
observable variables were derived from literature and developed into a
questionnaire with prompts to indicate the level of their influence in the
input environment of artisanal stone producer organizations. The
questionnaire was administered to 148 key stakeholders involved in the
production and use of dimension stone in Nairobi. Factor analysis was
applied to the responses, a process that reduced the 27 variables into
four underlying components that are actionable. The four underlying
components that the 27 variables have been reduced to are: hostile policy
environment, perceived negative impacts associated with quarrying, easily
obtainable inputs, and simple and easily applicable production techniques.
The study concludes that the constraints outweigh the opportunities
available for these producers. Policy makers should therefore look into
the four underlying components so as to enhance the enabling environment
for the production of artisanal dimension stone. The study successfully
applied socio-technical systems theory and factor analysis, two
well-established instruments, to an informal systems phenomenon.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 99-118
Issue: 4
Volume: 20
Year: 2013
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2013.855510
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2013.855510
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:20:y:2013:i:4:p:99-118
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard E. Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 1
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.913862
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.913862
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:1:p:1-2
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anna Laura Pisello
Author-X-Name-First: Anna Laura
Author-X-Name-Last: Pisello
Author-Name: Veronica Lucia Castaldo
Author-X-Name-First: Veronica Lucia
Author-X-Name-Last: Castaldo
Author-Name: Tiziana Poli
Author-X-Name-First: Tiziana
Author-X-Name-Last: Poli
Author-Name: Franco Cotana
Author-X-Name-First: Franco
Author-X-Name-Last: Cotana
Title: Simulating the Thermal-Energy Performance of Buildings at the Urban Scale: Evaluation of Inter-Building Effects in Different Urban Configurations
Abstract:
The reduction of the energy use of buildings at the urban scale represents
a key research and design topic with the purpose of developing specific
methods for saving energy in buildings. These methods are often focused on
the analysis of building thermal-energy behavior by considering the
building as a stand-alone object. In this perspective, the thermal-energy
behavior of two buildings in New York City is evaluated in this paper with
varying urban contexts, in order to evaluate the Inter-Building Effect
(IBE). The IBE analysis shows that the inaccuracy in neglecting the urban
context in building modeling varies from 9.6 percent, to 71.9 percent.
These results confirm that, in order to make accurate predictions about
building thermal-energy performance in real urban contexts through dynamic
simulation, the interaction between the building and the urban surrounding
should be taken into account, in particular in dense urban areas.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-20
Issue: 1
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.884386
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.884386
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:1:p:3-20
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Erlandson
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Erlandson
Author-Name: Carolyn Psenka
Author-X-Name-First: Carolyn
Author-X-Name-Last: Psenka
Title: Building Knowledge into the Environment of Urban Public Space: Universal Design for Intelligent Infrastructure
Abstract:
The emergence of interconnected networks which include an intelligent
lighting infrastructure is creating urban spaces possessing ambient
intelligence in the form of smart sensors, embedded microprocessors, and
cybernetic feedback systems. In his paper, Architectural Relevance of
Cybernetics (1969), Gordon Pask envisioned an adaptive cybernetic system
wherein the architecture becomes an electronic interface. Pask's approach
has powerful implications for the universal design of "smart" urban
infrastructures. New intelligent infrastructure systems are described
within the context of interconnected cybernetic networks to consider the
universal design of more equitable, sustainable, and secure urban space.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 21-38
Issue: 1
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.884383
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.884383
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:1:p:21-38
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria-Llu�sa Marsal-Llacuna
Author-X-Name-First: Maria-Llu�sa
Author-X-Name-Last: Marsal-Llacuna
Author-Name: Maria-Beatriz L�pez-Ib��ez
Author-X-Name-First: Maria-Beatriz
Author-X-Name-Last: L�pez-Ib��ez
Title: Smart Urban Planning: Designing Urban Land Use from Urban Time Use
Abstract:
In the context of the Smart City Initiative, we present in this paper a
pioneering Smart Urban Planning Method to reformulate the planning values
used for designing and establishing the distribution and use of urban
land. The new planning values for urban design are obtained from an
innovative conversion rule which transforms the daily distribution of
urban time use into quantities of urban land use. The opinions of citizens
concerning how to cover their urban needs and associated time use
allocation are used to establish equivalence results, and recalibrate and
improve current urban land use. In addition, our method stimulates and
inspires public participation in the urban planning approval process,
changing citizens from passive valuators to active partners and designers.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 39-56
Issue: 1
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.884385
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.884385
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:1:p:39-56
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Taewoo Nam
Author-X-Name-First: Taewoo
Author-X-Name-Last: Nam
Author-Name: Theresa A. Pardo
Author-X-Name-First: Theresa A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Pardo
Title: Understanding Municipal Service Integration: An Exploratory Study of 311 Contact Centers
Abstract:
We consider 311 non-emergency contact centers as city-level service
integration initiatives. By using a cross-case study of 311 centers at New
York and Philadelphia, we found critical success factors and challenges of
service integration. This paper suggests multidimensional (technological,
organizational, and cross-organizational) implications. Stable operation
of 311 centers requires timely investment in having a technological system
best fitting for service integration, but city governments with limited
resources should instead consider adaptive strategies for overcoming
under-equipped situations. While the lack of interoperability remains as a
critical barrier to system-level integration, customer service agents play
a pivotal role in connecting non-interoperable systems to front office
systems and back office systems. Thus training for qualified customer
service professionals is key to the seamless operation of 311 contact
centers. Turf guarding often raises cross-organizational concerns, but the
top management's administrative and political support helps resolve
inter-organizational conflicts. Based on these findings from the
exploratory study, this article proposes significant ideas for further
research on municipal service integration through 311 contact centers.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 57-78
Issue: 1
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.887933
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.887933
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:1:p:57-78
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chiara Garau
Author-X-Name-First: Chiara
Author-X-Name-Last: Garau
Author-Name: Emiliano Ilardi
Author-X-Name-First: Emiliano
Author-X-Name-Last: Ilardi
Title: The "Non-Places" Meet the "Places:" Virtual Tours on Smartphones for the Enhancement of Cultural Heritage
Abstract:
Because of today's inadequate interaction between tourists, professionals,
and citizens, in this paper the simulation of a new form of knowledge
management is presented for more effective utilization of cultural
heritage sites. The latest technologies allow interaction of previously
separate domains of experience: desire, identity, tourism, memory, and
marketing. They are the access keys that, starting from the territory, can
take the user into other domains, evaluating the entirety of the cultural
heritage. In this regard, the paper presents the simulation of a prototype
able to go beyond what is currently provided online: tourist paths are
offered that are available online and can be downloaded onto mobile
devices (smartphones or tablet PCs), thus creating a tour of the local
heritage that provides audio-video content. It allows the opportunity to
encourage a deeper exploration of cultural heritage.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 79-91
Issue: 1
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.884384
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.884384
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:1:p:79-91
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kenneth M. Reardon
Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Reardon
Title: Distant Publics: Development Rhetoric and the Subject of Crisis
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 93-96
Issue: 1
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.913860
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.913860
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:1:p:93-96
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lalita Sen
Author-X-Name-First: Lalita
Author-X-Name-Last: Sen
Title: Human Transit: How Clearer Thinking about Public Transit Can Enrich Our Communities and Our Lives
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 96-99
Issue: 1
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.913861
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.913861
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:1:p:96-99
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rein Ahas
Author-X-Name-First: Rein
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahas
Author-Name: Harvey J. Miller
Author-X-Name-First: Harvey J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Miller
Author-Name: Frank Witlox
Author-X-Name-First: Frank
Author-X-Name-Last: Witlox
Title: From the Guest Editors: Mobility, Communication, and Urban Space
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-7
Issue: 2
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.913420
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.913420
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:2:p:1-7
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mattias Linnap
Author-X-Name-First: Mattias
Author-X-Name-Last: Linnap
Author-Name: Andrew Rice
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Rice
Title: Managed Participatory Sensing with YouSense
Abstract:
Participatory sensing uses humans as intelligent sensors by asking them
questions on mobile devices. It has been used to monitor effects of
climate on plants, potholes in streets, and people's happiness in urban
environments. These phenomena are difficult and expensive to measure with
traditional electronic sensors. Previous participatory sensing projects
have relied on the enthusiasm of the volunteers to notice and report
events of interest. YouSense is a framework for centralized real-time
management of the volunteers' efforts. It uses location tracking and
model-based methods to target questions to participants only when they are
in the optimal situation to contribute data.We have conducted two outdoor
case studies to evaluate YouSense. Although it was effective at reducing
participant effort wasted on unnecessary answers by 4× in short,
focused studies, it was ineffective at targeting questions to valuable
locations in long-term studies. Simulation results show that these
outcomes are due to different participant behavior, and that centralized
management is most effective at high numbers of questions.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 9-26
Issue: 2
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.888216
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.888216
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:2:p:9-26
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thomas Liebig
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Liebig
Author-Name: Gennady Andrienko
Author-X-Name-First: Gennady
Author-X-Name-Last: Andrienko
Author-Name: Natalia Andrienko
Author-X-Name-First: Natalia
Author-X-Name-Last: Andrienko
Title: Methods for Analysis of Spatio-Temporal Bluetooth Tracking Data
Abstract:
Analysis of people's movements represented by continuous sequences
of spatio-temporal data tuples have received lots of attention in recent
years. The focus of those studies was mostly GPS data recorded on a
constant sample rate. However, the creation of intelligent location-aware
models and environments also requires reliable localization in indoor
environments as well as in mixed indoor/outdoor scenarios. In these cases,
signal loss makes usage of GPS infeasible; therefore other recording
technologies evolved. Our approach is analysis of episodic movement data.
This data contains some uncertainties among time (continuity), space
(accuracy), and the number of recorded objects (coverage). Prominent
examples of episodic movement data are spatio-temporal activity logs,
cell-based tracking data, and billing records. To give one detailed
example, Bluetooth tracking monitors the presence of mobile phones and
intercoms within a sensor's footprints. Usage of multiple sensors provides
flows among the sensors. Most existing data mining algorithms use
interpolation and therefore are infeasible for this kind of data. For
example, speed and movement direction cannot be derived directly from
episodic data; trajectories may not be depicted as a continuous line; and
densities cannot be computed. Still, the data hold much information on
group movement. Our approach is to aggregate movement in order to overcome
the uncertainties. Deriving a number of objects for the spatio-temporal
compartments and transitions among them gives interesting insights on the
spatio-temporal behavior of moving objects. As a next step to support
analysts, we propose clustering the spatio-temporal presence and flow
situations. This work focuses as well on creation of a descriptive
probability model for the movement based on Spatial Bayesian Networks. We
present our methods on a real world data set collected during a football
game in Nîmes, France in June 2011.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 27-37
Issue: 2
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.888215
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.888215
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:2:p:27-37
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fabio Manfredini
Author-X-Name-First: Fabio
Author-X-Name-Last: Manfredini
Author-Name: Paola Pucci
Author-X-Name-First: Paola
Author-X-Name-Last: Pucci
Author-Name: Paolo Tagliolato
Author-X-Name-First: Paolo
Author-X-Name-Last: Tagliolato
Title: Toward a Systemic Use of Manifold Cell Phone Network Data for Urban Analysis and Planning
Abstract:
The paper will present the main results of research aimed at
evaluating different mobile phone data sources for urban analysis and
planning for the Monza and Brianza Province (Northern Italy) during 2011.
In order to analyze the complex temporal and spatial patterns of this
spatial context, we used several mobile phone traffic data (i.e. Erlang
measures, SMS counts, MSC active clients counts), provided by Telecom
Italia, covering two time slots in 2009 and 2010. We therefore integrated
manifold mobile phone network data sources in a systemic way for a
comprehensive evaluation of the overall potential of these data in
describing urban dynamics.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 39-59
Issue: 2
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.888217
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.888217
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:2:p:39-59
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Han Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Han
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Liam Kilmartin
Author-X-Name-First: Liam
Author-X-Name-Last: Kilmartin
Title: Comparing Rural and Urban Social and Economic Behavior in Uganda: Insights from Mobile Voice Service Usage
Abstract:
The analysis of Call Detail Record (CDR) data sets generated by
mobile telephony networks has generated much interest in recent years,
particularly as an easily accessed source of large volumes of data capable
of reflecting the dynamic behavior of humans across a range of temporal
and spatial scales. This paper presents a study focused on examining human
social and economic behavioral patterns in Uganda through the analysis of
a CDR data set generated in a Ugandan mobile telephone network in 2010. By
examining the response of subscribers to a service incentivizing higher
mobile phone call rates through the offering of discounts, economically
motivated differences in subscriber behavior in poorer versus wealthier
regions of the country are identified. The paper also presents an analysis
which suggests a high degree of social insularity within the regions of
Uganda which is most likely related to regionally economic development
levels in addition to the high levels of ethnic homogeneity within those
regions. A methodology for identifying centers of economic activity using
the data set alone is also presented and the accuracy and implications of
the resultant regional patterns are discussed. Finally, measures of human
mobility, and its relationship with economic and social regional
characteristics, are examined through the use of graph theoretic based
analysis techniques.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 61-89
Issue: 2
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.888296
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.888296
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:2:p:61-89
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kati Nilbe
Author-X-Name-First: Kati
Author-X-Name-Last: Nilbe
Author-Name: Rein Ahas
Author-X-Name-First: Rein
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahas
Author-Name: Siiri Silm
Author-X-Name-First: Siiri
Author-X-Name-Last: Silm
Title: Evaluating the Travel Distances of Events Visitors and Regular Visitors Using Mobile Positioning Data: The Case of Estonia
Abstract:
Event tourism has become an important economic component of modern
tourism, given the growing numbers of visitors and the development of
local communities that it entails. This study examines whether the
distances traveled by foreign visitors to events differ from those
traveled by non-event (i.e., regular) visitors, and which factors
influence such distances. We use passive mobile positioning data obtained
from visitors to 145 events in Estonia (119,288 visits) and from a
comparison group of regular visitors (199,859 visits) between 2006 and
2009. The results show that events visitors come from nearer locations
than regular visitors; similarly to regular visitors, the distance decay
principle applies in case of events visitors; and that events bring more
visitors from more distant countries in the off-season (winter).
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 91-107
Issue: 2
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.888218
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.888218
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:2:p:91-107
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Doyle
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Doyle
Author-Name: Peter Hung
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Hung
Author-Name: Ronan Farrell
Author-X-Name-First: Ronan
Author-X-Name-Last: Farrell
Author-Name: Se�n McLoone
Author-X-Name-First: Se�n
Author-X-Name-Last: McLoone
Title: Population Mobility Dynamics Estimated from Mobile Telephony Data
Abstract:
In the last decade, mobile phones and mobile devices using mobile
cellular telecommunication network connections have become ubiquitous. In
several developed countries, the penetration of such devices has surpassed
100 percent. They facilitate communication and access to large quantities
of data without the requirement of a fixed location or connection.
Assuming mobile phones usually are in close proximity with the user, their
cellular activities and locations are indicative of the user's activities
and movements. As such, those cellular devices may be considered as a
large scale distributed human activity sensing platform. This paper uses
mobile operator telephony data to visualize the regional flows of people
across the Republic of Ireland. In addition, the use of modified Markov
chains for the ranking of significant regions of interest to mobile
subscribers is investigated. Methodology is then presented which
demonstrates how the ranking of significant regions of interest may be
used to estimate national population, results of which are found to have
strong correlation with census data.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 109-132
Issue: 2
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.888904
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.888904
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:2:p:109-132
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard E. Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 3
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.954376
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.954376
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:3:p:1-2
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laurence Rocher
Author-X-Name-First: Laurence
Author-X-Name-Last: Rocher
Title: Climate-Energy Policies, Heat Provision, and Urban Planning: A Renewal of Interest in District Heating in France: Insights from National and Local Levels
Abstract:
How do climate and energy objectives influence the renewal of the role of
network infrastructures in urban planning and the running of urban
systems? The example of the revival of interest in district heating
networks provides a few possible answers to this question, which is
central to the understanding and characterization of the conditions for
carrying out the urban energy transition. In this paper, we study this
example by analyzing recent changes in French regulations and the process
of creating an intercommunal energy-related competence in the Lyon
metropolitan area. Emphasis is placed on the institutional and political
conditions surrounding a change in governance as well as the underlying
justifications in the reconsideration of an existing infrastructure in
view of new energy, climate, and social challenges within a specific urban
context. Our study has been carried out in reference to several
discussions on urban planning and on institutional, political, and spatial
factors that shape urban infrastructure regimes.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-19
Issue: 3
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.940711
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.940711
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:3:p:3-19
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Susanne Schubert
Author-X-Name-First: Susanne
Author-X-Name-Last: Schubert
Title: The Need for Local Thermal Energy Planning
Abstract:
Space heat has a great share in total energy consumption--complemented by
an increasing energy demand for space cooling--and is responsible for a
high share of carbon dioxide emissions in the building sector. Energy and
climate change policies therefore require a transition to a
climate-friendly thermal energy supply. These changes will have to
consider spatial characteristics on the local level, because thermal
energy supply relates to spatial structure. Urban density, population
structure, existing infrastructure, and locations of renewable energies
are factors that characterize thermal energy supply as a spatially
relevant topic, and suggest its consideration in spatial planning on the
local level. What local thermal energy planning might look like is still
an open question. In older literature, the example of energy planning in
Denmark has been discussed, but also the current example of Swiss spatial
energy planning might be an interesting impulse for future research on
local thermal energy planning.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 21-36
Issue: 3
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.940700
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.940700
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:3:p:21-36
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: F�bio Duarte
Author-X-Name-First: F�bio
Author-X-Name-Last: Duarte
Author-Name: Frederico de Carvalho Figueiredo
Author-X-Name-First: Frederico
Author-X-Name-Last: de Carvalho Figueiredo
Author-Name: Leonardo Leite
Author-X-Name-First: Leonardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Leite
Author-Name: Denis Alcides Rezende
Author-X-Name-First: Denis
Author-X-Name-Last: Alcides Rezende
Title: A Conceptual Framework for Assessing Digital Cities and the Brazilian Index of Digital Cities: Analysis of Curitiba, the First-Ranked City
Abstract:
The concept of digital cities has gained prominence as the importance of
ICTs is undoubtedly related to economic, social, and civic development.
Brazil is following this trend, and the Ministry of Communications and
CPqD created the Brazilian Digital Cities Index for evaluating national
digital cities. Based on the concepts of connectivity, accessibility, and
communicability that originated from the analysis of United Nations
documents on the Information Society, we analyze the city of Curitiba,
first-ranked in this Index. We provide a historical vision of the process
that enabled the city to achieve this position, and scrutinize the
questionnaire used by CPqD. We conclude that the Brazilian Index of
Digital Cities does not take into account some key aspects for ranking the
city's degree of inclusion in the information society, as proposed by the
United Nations. Nevertheless, it is also possible to conclude that
Curitiba's position in the ranking represents a historical construction
determined by the influence of various social actors.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 37-48
Issue: 3
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.940709
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.940709
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:3:p:37-48
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francesca Savoldi
Author-X-Name-First: Francesca
Author-X-Name-Last: Savoldi
Author-Name: Pedro Ferraz de Abreu
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferraz de Abreu
Title: Internet, Social Capital, and e-Inclusion in Post-Conflict Belfast: Expectations of Community Workers
Abstract:
In this paper, we discuss Belfast community workers' expectations about
the influence of the Internet on social capital and on social inclusion
among youngsters from segregated areas of the city. For the purpose of
conducting onsite research, we selected one of the main organizations
working with young people and distributed a questionnaire among the
organization's workers. The results show that according to the workers'
expectations, the Internet is increasing the openness of youngsters' minds
and their social integration, giving a glimmer of hope in light of the
challenges of segregation; at the same time, those surveyed indicated that
the Internet is not strengthening ties among the young people they work
with. Secondly, we verified that different Internet use by the respondents
correlated to different expectations, and we found a slight difference in
expectations between "higher" and "lower" Internet users.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 49-66
Issue: 3
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.940712
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.940712
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:3:p:49-66
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nader Afzalan
Author-X-Name-First: Nader
Author-X-Name-Last: Afzalan
Author-Name: Brian Muller
Author-X-Name-First: Brian
Author-X-Name-Last: Muller
Title: The Role of Social Media in Green Infrastructure Planning: A Case Study of Neighborhood Participation in Park Siting
Abstract:
This paper explores the role of social media in facilitating green
infrastructure planning through supporting discourses among online
participants. Building on the communicative rationality theory, it adopts
interpretive discourse analysis to explore ways in which online
participants of a neighborhood online forum in Eugene, Oregon were able to
assess and clarify the validity of each other's claims while discussing
the location of a new park. The results show that this forum did not
create a collaborative process, but facilitated this process through its
integration with other methods. It facilitated a valid dialogue among the
group members and provided valuable information for planners regarding the
interests of a selected community of citizens.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 67-83
Issue: 3
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.940701
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.940701
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:3:p:67-83
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hugh Byrd
Author-X-Name-First: Hugh
Author-X-Name-Last: Byrd
Author-Name: Steve Matthewman
Author-X-Name-First: Steve
Author-X-Name-Last: Matthewman
Title: Exergy and the City: The Technology and Sociology of Power (Failure)
Abstract:
Blackouts--the total loss of electrical power--serve as a reminder of how
dependent the modern world and particularly urban areas have become on
electricity and the appliances it powers. To understand them we consider
the critical nature of electrical infrastructure. In order to provide
general patterns from specific cases, a large number of blackouts have
been analyzed. Irrespective of cause, they display similar effects. These
include measurable economic losses and less easily quantified social
costs. We discuss financial damage, food safety, crime, transport, and
problems caused by diesel generators. This is more than just a record of
past failures; blackouts are dress rehearsals for the future in which they
will appear with greater frequency and severity. While energy cannot be
destroyed, exergy--the available energy within a system--can be. Exergy is
concerned with energy within an "environment;" in this case a city. The
bottom line is simple: no matter how "smart" a city may be, it becomes
"dumb" when the power goes out.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 85-102
Issue: 3
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.940706
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.940706
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:3:p:85-102
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gregory Adamo
Author-X-Name-First: Gregory
Author-X-Name-Last: Adamo
Title: City Cycling
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 103-105
Issue: 3
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.954410
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.954410
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:3:p:103-105
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Louis Carlat
Author-X-Name-First: Louis
Author-X-Name-Last: Carlat
Title: Sound Clash: Listening to American Studies
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 105-108
Issue: 3
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.954414
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.954414
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:3:p:105-108
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vikas Mehta
Author-X-Name-First: Vikas
Author-X-Name-Last: Mehta
Title: Mapping Controversies in Architecture
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 108-109
Issue: 3
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.954416
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.954416
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:3:p:108-109
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kristene Unsworth
Author-X-Name-First: Kristene
Author-X-Name-Last: Unsworth
Author-Name: Andrea Forte
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea
Author-X-Name-Last: Forte
Author-Name: Richardson Dilworth
Author-X-Name-First: Richardson
Author-X-Name-Last: Dilworth
Title: Urban Informatics: The Role of Citizen Participation in Policy Making
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-5
Issue: 4
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.971527
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.971527
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:4:p:1-5
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laura Forlano
Author-X-Name-First: Laura
Author-X-Name-Last: Forlano
Author-Name: Anijo Mathew
Author-X-Name-First: Anijo
Author-X-Name-Last: Mathew
Title: From Design Fiction to Design Friction: Speculative and Participatory Design of Values-Embedded Urban Technology
Abstract:
This paper discusses the results of the Designing Policy project, which
engages current debates about urban technology through the creation of a
visual toolkit and a series of workshops. The workshops were held in
Chicago, New York, and Boston during 2012-2013 with funding from the Urban
Communication Foundation. The purpose of the project was three-fold: (1)
to open up the "black box" of urban technology in order to reveal the
politics embedded in city infrastructures; (2) to move beyond discussions
of urban problems and solutions, and towards a more conceptual
future-oriented space; and (3) to explore the use of design methods such
as visual prototypes and participatory design. This article introduces the
concept of design friction as a way of understanding the ways in which
conflicts, tensions and disagreements can move complex socio-technical
discussions forward where they can be worked out through material
engagement in hands-on prototyping.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 7-24
Issue: 4
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.971525
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.971525
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:4:p:7-24
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kevin C. Desouza
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Desouza
Author-Name: Akshay Bhagwatwar
Author-X-Name-First: Akshay
Author-X-Name-Last: Bhagwatwar
Title: Technology-Enabled Participatory Platforms for Civic Engagement: The Case of U.S. Cities
Abstract:
Technology-enabled participatory platforms are proving to be valuable
canvases for engaging citizens in solving public-good challenges. Citizens
are playing a more active role by either designing platforms themselves or
participating on platforms created by public agencies. Unfortunately, our
theoretical knowledge about the nature of these platforms is limited. In
this paper, we take the first steps towards understanding
technology-enabled participatory platforms. Through an exploratory
analysis, following the spirit of a grounded theoretic methodology, we
examined technology-enabled participatory platforms in the 25 most
populated cities in the United States. We deduce four main
archetypes--citizen centric and citizen data, citizen centric and
government data, government centric and citizen data, and
government centric and citizen-developed solutions of
technology-enabled participatory platforms. We describe the intricacies of
how collective intelligence is leveraged on these platforms. Implications
for local government managers and urban planners are discussed. We
hypothesize how the future of these platforms might evolve in the not so
distant future.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 25-50
Issue: 4
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.954898
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.954898
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:4:p:25-50
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bonnie J. Johnson
Author-X-Name-First: Bonnie J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnson
Author-Name: Germaine R. Halegoua
Author-X-Name-First: Germaine R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Halegoua
Title: Potential and Challenges for Social Media in the Neighborhood Context
Abstract:
Many studies have focused on new media's role in connecting interest-based
communities across vast geographic distances; fewer studies have examined
how viable social media is as a communication tool within the neighborhood
context. This study investigates the ways in which established modes of
place-based neighborhood association, connection, and communication
coincide or conflict with the perceived affordances of connection and
association available in social networking sites. As a case study, we
identified a neighborhood association that had seen its participation
rates dwindle. The association's steering committee decided to turn to
popular social media platforms (Facebook and Twitter) to revitalize. After
the initial launch, they garnered only five "likes," three Twitter
followers, and two members for the e-mail listserv out of a possible 550
households. A survey of neighborhood residents showed some potential for
social media use but also significant mismatches between the perceived
affordances of social media and residents' understanding of the
place-based context and condition of the neighborhood. We found three main
categories where perceptions and expectations of neighborhood
communication did not mesh with social media affordances: perceived
intimacy within the neighborhood; desired attributes of neighborhood
communication; and expectations of digital and physical space and place.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 51-75
Issue: 4
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.971528
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.971528
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:4:p:51-75
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sara Cavallo
Author-X-Name-First: Sara
Author-X-Name-Last: Cavallo
Author-Name: Joann Lynch
Author-X-Name-First: Joann
Author-X-Name-Last: Lynch
Author-Name: Peter Scull
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Scull
Title: The Digital Divide in Citizen-Initiated Government Contacts: A GIS Approach
Abstract:
As the role of information and communications technologies (ICTs) grows,
governments have seen the Geoweb and Web 2.0 as an opportunity to increase
citizen involvement through e-government which provides citizens with the
ability to record and share information. 311 services represent citizens'
most direct contact with local governments in the form of volunteered
geographic information (VGI) empowering citizens with the means of solving
community issues. Past studies have examined VGI and e-government use
finding patterns of a digital divide with survey data; yet, further
research which allows for the visualization of these patterns using
citizen-generated data is needed to understand the link between users and
the content they create. This paper seeks to explore the relationship
between sociodemographic status and 311 service request frequency in three
cities within the United States using geographic information systems (GIS)
and regression analysis. Results suggest the potential existence of a
digital divide and that the demographic profile of a city plays a role in
participation in e-government.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 77-93
Issue: 4
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.942167
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.942167
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:4:p:77-93
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Claudia L�pez
Author-X-Name-First: Claudia
Author-X-Name-Last: L�pez
Author-Name: Brian Butler
Author-X-Name-First: Brian
Author-X-Name-Last: Butler
Author-Name: Peter Brusilovsky
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Brusilovsky
Title: Does Anything Ever Happen Around Here? Assessing the Online Information Landscape for Local Events
Abstract:
Local events foster community pride, cohesion, and community attachment.
Keeping residents informed about the existence of local events is
necessary to reach events' targeted audiences and realize their positive
consequences. This article reports on an initial study of the online event
information landscape of neighborhoods in a mid-sized US city. Our results
show that the event information landscape is highly fragmented,
decentralized, and has low rates of duplication. This creates challenges
for residents looking for event information and for event organizers and
technology developers seeking to provide timely information about events.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 95-123
Issue: 4
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.971530
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.971530
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:4:p:95-123
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joanna P. Ganning
Author-X-Name-First: Joanna P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ganning
Author-Name: Sarah L. Coffin
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Coffin
Author-Name: Benjamin McCall
Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin
Author-X-Name-Last: McCall
Author-Name: Kathleen Carson
Author-X-Name-First: Kathleen
Author-X-Name-Last: Carson
Title: Goals, Challenges, and Capacity of Regional Data Portals in the United States: An Updated Understanding of Long-Standing Discussions
Abstract:
Online participation in political processes has grown in advanced
industrial societies like the United States (E. Anduiza, A. Gallego, and
M. Cantijoch, "Online Political Participation in Spain: The Impact of
Traditional and Internet Resources," Journal of Information Technology &
Politics 7: 4 (2010) 356-368). Experimentation and goal-setting have been
done around integrating two-way communication into online GIS portals to
advance online participation. Increasingly, web development information
technology enables the development of these functions. However, the state
of practice has not developed to support such activities. This paper
relies on literature and a survey of US geoportals to provide an in-depth
overview of the state of practice for such sites, including stated goals
and challenges, current applications, and both technical and realized
capabilities. This paper then discusses this state of practice through the
lens of the development process of a new geoportal for the St Louis
region. This discussion yields a response to issues raised in the
literature and provides a framework for other groups that are considering
development of similar sites.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 125-139
Issue: 4
Volume: 21
Year: 2014
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.942168
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.942168
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:21:y:2014:i:4:p:125-139
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard E. Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 1
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1032095
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1032095
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:1:p:1-2
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vito Albino
Author-X-Name-First: Vito
Author-X-Name-Last: Albino
Author-Name: Umberto Berardi
Author-X-Name-First: Umberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Berardi
Author-Name: Rosa Maria Dangelico
Author-X-Name-First: Rosa Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Dangelico
Title: Smart Cities: Definitions, Dimensions, Performance, and Initiatives
Abstract:
As the term "smart city" gains wider and wider currency, there is still
confusion about what a smart city is, especially since several similar
terms are often used interchangeably. This paper aims to clarify the
meaning of the word "smart" in the context of cities through an approach
based on an in-depth literature review of relevant studies as well as
official documents of international institutions. It also identifies the
main dimensions and elements characterizing a smart city. The different
metrics of urban smartness are reviewed to show the need for a shared
definition of what constitutes a smart city, what are its features, and
how it performs in comparison to traditional cities. Furthermore,
performance measures and initiatives in a few smart cities are identified.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-21
Issue: 1
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.942092
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.942092
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:1:p:3-21
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Igor Calzada
Author-X-Name-First: Igor
Author-X-Name-Last: Calzada
Author-Name: Cristobal Cobo
Author-X-Name-First: Cristobal
Author-X-Name-Last: Cobo
Title: Unplugging: Deconstructing the Smart City
Abstract:
This paper explores the subtle notion of unplugging to critically analyze
the technological determinism of the Smart City. This exploration suggests
that being digitally connected should not be perceived as gaining social
capital. This article critiques the assumptions of the Smart City and
proposes a 10-dimension conceptual framework. The first section of this
article explores hyper-connected societies and how unplugging could be
beneficial. The main subjects, Digital Natives, are discussed in the
second section of this article. The third section is a decalogue on
deconstructing the Smart City, and the final section presents key ideas
and questions for future analysis.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 23-43
Issue: 1
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.971535
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.971535
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:1:p:23-43
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Caitlin D. Cottrill
Author-X-Name-First: Caitlin D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Cottrill
Author-Name: Sybil Derrible
Author-X-Name-First: Sybil
Author-X-Name-Last: Derrible
Title: Leveraging Big Data for the Development of Transport Sustainability Indicators
Abstract:
While increasing transportation sustainability is an ongoing effort,
measuring the results of these efforts is not a trivial task. Not only is
indicator selection challenging, but efforts made to design useful
indicators are often hampered by the presence of erroneous or incomplete
data. Nevertheless, in this era of Big Data, the significant penetration
of new technologies such as smartphones and smart infrastructure could
hold the key to developing more relevant and comprehensive indicators.
Here, we recall commonly used indicators and discuss the limitations of
the data upon which they are built. We then describe several new
technologies that hold promise for collection of more pertinent and
accurate data sets for indicator development. Finally, we illustrate
potential benefits and concerns of these approaches via discussion of
possible indicator development from a one-day GPS trace. While the first
and obvious application of new technologies will be to improve much needed
accuracy, successfully combining different sources together could hold
much potential from model calibration to real-time operations.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 45-64
Issue: 1
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.942094
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.942094
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:1:p:45-64
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hossein Shahrokni
Author-X-Name-First: Hossein
Author-X-Name-Last: Shahrokni
Author-Name: David Lazarevic
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Lazarevic
Author-Name: Nils Brandt
Author-X-Name-First: Nils
Author-X-Name-Last: Brandt
Title: Smart Urban Metabolism: Towards a Real-Time Understanding of the Energy and Material Flows of a City and Its Citizens
Abstract:
Urban metabolism is a concept employed to understand the flow of energy
and materials through urban areas. However, applying this approach at the
city level has been limited by the lack of data at this scale. This paper
reviews the current application of the urban metabolism concept and
proposes the concept of a "smart urban metabolism" (SUM). Through
integrating ICT and smart-city technologies, the SUM model can provide
real-time feedback on energy and material flows, from the level of the
household to the urban district. This is highlighted through an example of
its application in the Stockholm Royal Seaport, Sweden.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 65-86
Issue: 1
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.954899
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.954899
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:1:p:65-86
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Esther Sany�-Mengual
Author-X-Name-First: Esther
Author-X-Name-Last: Sany�-Mengual
Author-Name: Ileana Cer�n-Palma
Author-X-Name-First: Ileana
Author-X-Name-Last: Cer�n-Palma
Author-Name: Jordi Oliver-Sol�
Author-X-Name-First: Jordi
Author-X-Name-Last: Oliver-Sol�
Author-Name: Juan Ignacio Montero
Author-X-Name-First: Juan Ignacio
Author-X-Name-Last: Montero
Author-Name: Joan Rieradevall
Author-X-Name-First: Joan
Author-X-Name-Last: Rieradevall
Title: Integrating Horticulture into Cities: A Guide for Assessing the Implementation Potential of Rooftop Greenhouses (RTGs) in Industrial and Logistics Parks
Abstract:
Recently, the application of rooftop greenhouses (RTGs) to integrate
agriculture into cities has increased, although the area where they can be
potentially implemented has not been quantified yet. Consequently, this
paper aims to design a guide to evaluate the potential implementation of
RTGs in industrial and logistics parks and to apply the guide to the case
study of Zona Franca Park (Barcelona, Spain). Eight percent of the
rooftops were identified as feasible for a short-term implementation of
RTG, according to the defined technical, economic, legal, and agricultural
criteria. Estimations indicated that the annual tomato production in this
area could account for almost 2,000 tons, which is equivalent to the
yearly tomato demand of 150,000 people. Besides, this production could
substitute imported tomatoes, and avoiding their distribution would
represent savings of 65.25 t of CO2 eq·m-super- - 2.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 87-111
Issue: 1
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.942095
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.942095
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:1:p:87-111
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nemanja Memarovic
Author-X-Name-First: Nemanja
Author-X-Name-Last: Memarovic
Author-Name: Sven Gehring
Author-X-Name-First: Sven
Author-X-Name-Last: Gehring
Author-Name: Patrick Tobias Fischer
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick Tobias
Author-X-Name-Last: Fischer
Title: ELSI Model: Bridging User Engagement around Interactive Public Displays and Media Facades in Urban Spaces
Abstract:
With recent technological advancements and significant price drops of
display technologies interactive digital displays rapidly find their way
into urban environments. Researchers have been modeling coordination and
engagement around displays, either around (1) small-scale situated
displays or (2) large-scale urban screens such as media facades. To this
day, the two are considered as different domains. In this paper we take a
first step towards bridging the gap between both types of displays by
deriving a general, dynamic model we call elastic space-interaction (ELSI)
model of user engagement around interactive public displays and media
facades. The ELSI model provides a common terminology for describing
engagement around interactive displays and media facades, improves
compatibility across studies, and points out how to observe changes in
user coordination and engagement introduced by different screen sizes and
interaction techniques.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 113-131
Issue: 1
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.942169
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.942169
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:1:p:113-131
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aharon Kellerman
Author-X-Name-First: Aharon
Author-X-Name-Last: Kellerman
Title: Are Virtual and Urban Spaces at Equilibrium?
Abstract:
The objective of this paper is to shed some light on the lack of
significant transitions in urban spatial organization, in light of
informational activities, which have turned fully virtual and mobile
through the Internet, laptops, tablets, and smartphones. Futurist
literature predicted at the time the dismantling of cities in the
information age, but more recent literature has not confirmed this
possibility. Data on commuting, shopping, and social contacting from the
developed world reveal that people still prefer to use real-space
facilities for these activities. These trends, and other ones, such as the
lack of new technologies for faster physical mobility, call for continued
equilibrium between urban and virtual spaces.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 133-137
Issue: 1
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.971529
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.971529
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:1:p:133-137
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elizabeth Strom
Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth
Author-X-Name-Last: Strom
Title: The Street: A Quintessential Social Public Space
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 139-141
Issue: 1
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1032101
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1032101
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:1:p:139-141
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joseli Macedo
Author-X-Name-First: Joseli
Author-X-Name-Last: Macedo
Title: Land of Strangers
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 142-144
Issue: 1
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1032103
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1032103
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:1:p:142-144
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard E. Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 2
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1066573
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1066573
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:2:p:1-2
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ricard Horta-Bernús
Author-X-Name-First: Ricard
Author-X-Name-Last: Horta-Bernús
Author-Name: Mart� Rosas-Casals
Author-X-Name-First: Mart�
Author-X-Name-Last: Rosas-Casals
Title: Obsolescence in Urban Energy Infrastructures: The Influence of Scaling Laws on Consumption Forecasting
Abstract:
Cities can be considered complex systems, constantly changing and adapting
to new economic, social, and cultural dynamics. They exist in many forms
and over a wide range of sizes. In spite of this, researchers have
discovered regularities in the form of simple scaling laws that emerge
when urban outputs of many types, such as income, patents, or energy
consumption, are correlated with population size. This article briefly
presents some facts and figures on scaling correlations in urban contexts
and how this evidence can determine and influence the obsolescence of
energy infrastructures. It finally suggests several strategies which could
be used to ameliorate the impacts of this on the assessment of urban
consumption forecasting.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-17
Issue: 2
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.955340
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.955340
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:2:p:3-17
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jenni Viitanen
Author-X-Name-First: Jenni
Author-X-Name-Last: Viitanen
Author-Name: Paul Connell
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Connell
Author-Name: Martine Tommis
Author-X-Name-First: Martine
Author-X-Name-Last: Tommis
Title: Creating Smart Neighborhoods: Insights from Two Low-Carbon Communities in Sheffield and Leeds, United Kingdom
Abstract:
This paper presents the design and implementation of a state-of-the-art
ICT system to facilitate energy efficiency in two residential developments
in Leeds and Sheffield (UK). Reflexive design practice understands end
users as active agents in service design and the energy-efficiency
agenda--underpinned by a new energy paradigm based on better information.
The paper also demonstrates how ICTs can facilitate community-based energy
governance, and what wider benefits a neighborhood approach can bring to
both the social embedding of energy efficiency and future innovation. It
also demonstrates how energy-efficiency technologies and data offer added
value to inhabitants making purchase and rental decisions.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 19-41
Issue: 2
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.971537
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.971537
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:2:p:19-41
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anastasia Stratigea
Author-X-Name-First: Anastasia
Author-X-Name-Last: Stratigea
Author-Name: Chrysaida-Aliki Papadopoulou
Author-X-Name-First: Chrysaida-Aliki
Author-X-Name-Last: Papadopoulou
Author-Name: Maria Panagiotopoulou
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Panagiotopoulou
Title: Tools and Technologies for Planning the Development of Smart Cities
Abstract:
At present, sustainable urban development constitutes a major planning
goal for many urban environments coping with contemporary challenges and
problems confronted by world cities. Towards this end, the concept of
smart cities emerges as a promising policy option for effectively dealing
with sustainability objectives. In this respect, the focus of the present
paper is on the development of an ICT-enabled participatory planning
framework for guiding policy-making towards the planning of smart cities.
This framework is in alignment with the argument that smart-city solutions
must start with the "city" not with the "smart," shifting from a
technology-pushed to an application-pulled smart-city planning approach,
matching different types of "smartness" (technologies, tools, and
applications) with different types of urban functions and contexts. It is
also built upon a digital platform, integrating tools and technologies for
data management and e-participatory planning that can support city- and
citizen-specific decision making, capable of dealing with objectives for
urban sustainability.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 43-62
Issue: 2
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1018725
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1018725
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:2:p:43-62
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Denis Alcides Rezende
Author-X-Name-First: Denis Alcides
Author-X-Name-Last: Rezende
Author-Name: Mario Procopiuck
Author-X-Name-First: Mario
Author-X-Name-Last: Procopiuck
Author-Name: Frederico de Carvalho Figueiredo
Author-X-Name-First: Frederico de Carvalho
Author-X-Name-Last: Figueiredo
Title: Public Policy and a Strategic Digital City Project: A Case Study of the Brazilian Municipality of Vinhedo
Abstract:
Municipalities interested in communication, education and social
development seek to contribute to citizenship by planning, structuring,
storing, and providing access to information. Starting with an overview of
the global background to discussions on digital cities and the relation
between digital cities and public policies, this article seeks to analyze
and describe municipal information planning based on a project carried
out, between 2009 and 2014, in the municipality of Vinhedo, São
Paulo, Brazil. The study stresses the importance of adopting a project
design methodology and implementing projects collectively at a municipal
level to increase the efficiency of municipal management and implementing
the strategic digital city concept, thereby increasing public space and
governability and, consequently, citizens' quality of life. The results
show that municipal information planning projects constitute public
policy.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 63-83
Issue: 2
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.971536
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.971536
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:2:p:63-83
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: João Romão
Author-X-Name-First: João
Author-X-Name-Last: Romão
Author-Name: Eveline van Leeuwen
Author-X-Name-First: Eveline
Author-X-Name-Last: van Leeuwen
Author-Name: Bart Neuts
Author-X-Name-First: Bart
Author-X-Name-Last: Neuts
Author-Name: Peter Nijkamp
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Nijkamp
Title: Tourist Loyalty and Urban E-Services: A Comparison of Behavioral Impacts in Leipzig and Amsterdam
Abstract:
E-services are increasingly important communication tools for tourism
providers but not all tourists prefer the same type of services. This work
compares the preferences for e-services according to the characteristics
of tourists and the implications on their expenditures during travel to
the cities of Amsterdam and Leipzig. In addition, the determinants of
satisfaction and loyalty according to the characteristics and motivations
of the visitors in these cities are analyzed. Despite some important
common tendencies, most of the relations under analysis in both structural
models did not provide identical results for these two cities, emphasizing
the heterogeneity of tourism destinations.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 85-101
Issue: 2
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1018724
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1018724
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:2:p:85-101
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jiangbo Bie
Author-X-Name-First: Jiangbo
Author-X-Name-Last: Bie
Author-Name: Martin de Jong
Author-X-Name-First: Martin de
Author-X-Name-Last: Jong
Author-Name: Ben Derudder
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Derudder
Title: Greater Pearl River Delta: Historical Evolution towards a Global City-Region
Abstract:
The Greater Pearl River Delta (GPRD) consists of 11 municipalities, nine
of which are located in mainland China (Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Dongguan,
Foshan, Zhuhai, Jiangmen, Zhongshan, Zhaoqing, and Huizhou, jointly
constituting the Pearl River Delta) and two are Special Administrative
Regions (Hong Kong and Macao). All of them have undergone different
historical trajectories, with Guangzhou, Macao, Hong Kong, and Shenzhen
emerging as key cities within the region at different moments in time and
for different economic and political reasons. This article gives an
overview of the historical evolution of the GPRD as a geographic region in
a number of distinct phases (history until 1949, 1949-1978, 1978-1997/9,
and 1997/9-2014), and then poses the question whether it has, anno 2014,
evolved into a "global city-region". Our analysis indicates that different
cities have been prominent in different periods and that population
numbers, economic figures and mutual interconnectedness among the various
cities within the GPRD through various urban infrastructures, but also
with regard to production and R&D have grown to such an extent that it can
indeed be qualified as a global city-region as defined by Allen Scott
(2001), with global city Hong Kong acting as a hinge to the global market.
Currently and in the future, the GPRD is the most poly-centric global
city-region in the world, although it also appears that its political
fragmentation has acted as a barrier to vigorous further development since
economic indicators show a relative decline compared to the Yangtze River
Delta.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 103-123
Issue: 2
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2014.971575
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2014.971575
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:2:p:103-123
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: William Riggs
Author-X-Name-First: William
Author-X-Name-Last: Riggs
Title: Close Up at a Distance: Mapping, Technology and Politics
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 125-126
Issue: 2
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1054674
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1054674
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:2:p:125-126
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kirralie Houghton
Author-X-Name-First: Kirralie
Author-X-Name-Last: Houghton
Author-Name: Jaz Hee-jeong Choi
Author-X-Name-First: Jaz Hee-jeong
Author-X-Name-Last: Choi
Author-Name: Artur Lugmayr
Author-X-Name-First: Artur
Author-X-Name-Last: Lugmayr
Title: From the Guest Editors: Urban Acupuncture
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 3
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1087684
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1087684
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:3:p:1-2
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kirralie Houghton
Author-X-Name-First: Kirralie
Author-X-Name-Last: Houghton
Author-Name: Marcus Foth
Author-X-Name-First: Marcus
Author-X-Name-Last: Foth
Author-Name: Evonne Miller
Author-X-Name-First: Evonne
Author-X-Name-Last: Miller
Title: Urban Acupuncture: Hybrid Social and Technological Practices for Hyperlocal Placemaking
Abstract:
This paper considers an emerging planning practice that uses networked
connections to interact with urban places and re-create enlivened cities.
The paper presents "urban acupuncture" as a new planning approach that
broadens communication and strategically targets interventions across the
city. Defined as an approach, which, through the use of digital social
networks and interactions, involves citizens and planners in place
activations in order to stimulate and reinvigorate place, thus creating
meaningful relationships between citizens and their urban settings. This
paper uses the UR[BNE] Brisbane Festival 2012 as a qualitative case study
of urban acupuncture, best defined as a hyper-localized healing treatment
through place activation to enliven and recreate cities. It examines the
challenges faced and opportunities embraced by a network of urban
professionals. Their aim was to activate the underused urban spaces of
central Brisbane through the festival's activities and events. The
findings identify the key elements required to design public spaces using
socially and technologically networked interactions.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-19
Issue: 3
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1040290
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1040290
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:3:p:3-19
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Glenda Amayo Caldwell
Author-X-Name-First: Glenda Amayo
Author-X-Name-Last: Caldwell
Author-Name: Lindy Osborne
Author-X-Name-First: Lindy
Author-X-Name-Last: Osborne
Author-Name: Inger Mewburn
Author-X-Name-First: Inger
Author-X-Name-Last: Mewburn
Author-Name: Philip Crowther
Author-X-Name-First: Philip
Author-X-Name-Last: Crowther
Title: Guerrillas in the [Urban] Midst: Developing and Using Creative Research Methods--Guerrilla Research Tactics
Abstract:
This paper explores what we are calling "Guerrilla Research Tactics"
(GRT): research methods that exploit emerging mobile and cloud-based
digital technologies. We examine some case studies in the use of this
technology to generate research data directly from the physical fabric and
the people of the city. We argue that GRT is a new and novel way of
engaging public participation in urban, place-based research because it
facilitates the co-creation of knowledge, with city inhabitants, "on the
fly." This paper discusses the potential of these new research techniques
and what they have to offer researchers operating in the creative
disciplines and beyond. This work builds on and extends Gauntlett's "new
creative methods" (2007) and contributes to the existing body of
literature addressing creative and interactive approaches to data
collection.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 21-36
Issue: 3
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1040288
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1040288
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:3:p:21-36
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Tomitsch
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Tomitsch
Author-Name: M. Hank Haeusler
Author-X-Name-First: M. Hank
Author-X-Name-Last: Haeusler
Title: Infostructures: Towards a Complementary Approach for Solving Urban Challenges through Digital Technologies
Abstract:
Population growth in cities has led to unprecedented pressure on urban
infrastructure services, such as electricity supply and public transport.
As a consequence cities need to find sustainable solutions to maintain the
availability of services while keeping them economically and
environmentally viable. One traditional approach is to expand
infrastructure, but this can be expensive, take years from planning to
realization, and be politically frought. In this paper we discuss the
concept of "infostructures" as cost and time-effective complementary
approaches that leverage digital layers and urban digital media channels
of the cityscape. Through four case studies and their analysis we
illustrate opportunities for addressing different types of "unhealthy"
situations with digital technologies.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 37-53
Issue: 3
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1040296
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1040296
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:3:p:37-53
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Benjamin Stokes
Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin
Author-X-Name-Last: Stokes
Author-Name: George Villanueva
Author-X-Name-First: George
Author-X-Name-Last: Villanueva
Author-Name: Fran�ois Bar
Author-X-Name-First: Fran�ois
Author-X-Name-Last: Bar
Author-Name: Sandra Ball-Rokeach
Author-X-Name-First: Sandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Ball-Rokeach
Title: Mobile Design as Neighborhood Acupuncture: Activating the Storytelling Networks of South Los Angeles
Abstract:
A delicate touch is required to empower neighborhoods using civic media.
Funding is persistently scarce. Especially in marginalized neighborhoods,
blunt designs can be counterproductive and even entrench complex problems.
New metaphors may be needed to guide design and empower local
neighborhoods. Urban acupuncture is used as the basis for this study,
emphasizing a light-touch strategy that has shown success in Brazil with
urban transit, and more recently in Europe with urban design. We
specifically propose "neighborhood acupuncture" to address the local
level, tapping the sociology of place-based communication. To investigate
the implications for systematic design, a case study is probed in South
Los Angeles using mobile media for community mapping. Using qualitative
methods, three tactics were investigated for the potential to "poke" the
network into action, including one to bridge diverse storytelling
networks. Each tactic ultimately seeks to build the capacity for
collective action around neighborhood issues. Acupuncture is broadly
argued to sustain two design shifts: first to help approach neighborhoods
as ecosystems, and second, to design for circulation rather than any
single technology platform.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 55-77
Issue: 3
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1040292
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1040292
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:3:p:55-77
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J�rn Messeter
Author-X-Name-First: J�rn
Author-X-Name-Last: Messeter
Title: Social Media Use as Urban Acupuncture for Empowering Socially Challenged Communities
Abstract:
This paper explores potential roles of social media in community
empowerment, based on a study of a non-profit NGO in a socially challenged
suburb of Cape Town, South Africa. In particular, it focuses on the
relation between online and offline behavior, and how the use of social
media can counteract negative influences in the community, e.g., drug
abuse and gangsterism. Interviews with staff and participants reveal that
using social media in a socially challenged community results in different
social media use and different connections between online and offline
activities than earlier social-media research reported.. These differences
may inform design and social innovation for disruptive interaction to
address negative influences, such as drugs and gangsterism, in socially
challenged communities.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 79-96
Issue: 3
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1040291
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1040291
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:3:p:79-96
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adriana Valdez Young
Author-X-Name-First: Adriana
Author-X-Name-Last: Valdez Young
Title: Play Before Plan: Games for the Public and Planners to Value the Street
Abstract:
Games invite people to escape reality, test new skills, and have fun.
Location-based games can also encourage players to explore their
environment and make new connections between what they see around them and
what they envision to be possible. I designed three mobile-based games
that challenge urban planners and policymakers to experience the complex
cultural economies of Rye Lane, a rapidly evolving, multicultural London
high street. The games invite players to learn from its micro businesses
in ways that can inform more nuanced conceptions of the street and
policies to support it. The goal of the games is to foster productive
feedback loops between street-level practices and city-making policies.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 97-119
Issue: 3
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1040299
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1040299
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:3:p:97-119
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sudeshna Ghosh
Author-X-Name-First: Sudeshna
Author-X-Name-Last: Ghosh
Title: Cities by Design: The Social Life of Urban Form; Explorations in Urban Design: An Urban Design Research Primer; The Nature of Urban Design: A New York Perspective on Resilience
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 121-126
Issue: 3
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1078604
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1078604
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:3:p:121-126
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hamid Zangeneh
Author-X-Name-First: Hamid
Author-X-Name-Last: Zangeneh
Title: The Political Economy of Iran Under the Qajars: Society, Politics, Economics, and Foreign Relations
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 126-129
Issue: 3
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1054675
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1054675
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:3:p:126-129
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simonetta Armondi
Author-X-Name-First: Simonetta
Author-X-Name-Last: Armondi
Author-Name: Stefano Di Vita
Author-X-Name-First: Stefano
Author-X-Name-Last: Di Vita
Title: Contemporary Production, Innovative Workplaces, and Urban Space: Projects and Policies
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-3
Issue: 3
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1348873
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1348873
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:3:p:1-3
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mina Di Marino
Author-X-Name-First: Mina
Author-X-Name-Last: Di Marino
Author-Name: Kimmo Lapintie
Author-X-Name-First: Kimmo
Author-X-Name-Last: Lapintie
Title: Emerging Workplaces in Post-Functionalist Cities
Abstract:
This paper explores new types of workplaces that are emerging due to the growing flexibility in work arrangements and the use of information and communication technologies. In addition to home and office, third places, such as libraries and coffee shops, are increasingly used as temporary workplaces. Moreover, there is a proliferation of co-working spaces that are designed as temporary working locations. Thus, the boundaries between traditional urban functions have become blurred; different functions co-exist in the same spaces, and new functionalities emerge as people take spaces into new uses. We may call our cities “post-functionalist,” ones that are no longer based only on predetermined and designed functions. However, there has been little research on the spatial characteristics of these new workplaces as well as on the social features within these places. These phenomena have been empirically studied through observational studies, interviews, and spatial analyses of three such sites: Café Köket, Meetingpoint, and Helsinki Think Company in the city center of Helsinki. The results reveal new forms of appropriation of public and semi-public spaces for working purposes that have not yet been analyzed in the context of existing urban policies and practices. The findings provide input for future visions and the planning of new workplaces.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 5-25
Issue: 3
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1297520
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1297520
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:3:p:5-25
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simonetta Armondi
Author-X-Name-First: Simonetta
Author-X-Name-Last: Armondi
Author-Name: Antonella Bruzzese
Author-X-Name-First: Antonella
Author-X-Name-Last: Bruzzese
Title: Contemporary Production and Urban Change: The Case of Milan
Abstract:
How do new sites of production and workplaces relate to the making of urban change in Milan’s peripheral areas? The paper answers this question by looking at two different fields of investigation related to peripheral areas. On one hand, the paper examines the policies promoted by the public administration at the municipal level to enhance urban innovation through new workplaces within the smart city agenda. On the other hand, the urban innovation brought by the establishment of cultural and creative industries promoted by private actors will be examined, ranging from the new geography of creative places to the creation of temporary transformations. Starting from these two fields of analysis, the paper identifies areas of difference and potential combined effects between public action and private initiative. These are placed against the backdrop of a conception of contemporary production that has worked as a tool for social inclusion and place-making in peripheral contexts in Milan.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 27-45
Issue: 3
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1311567
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1311567
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:3:p:27-45
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ilaria Mariotti
Author-X-Name-First: Ilaria
Author-X-Name-Last: Mariotti
Author-Name: Carolina Pacchi
Author-X-Name-First: Carolina
Author-X-Name-Last: Pacchi
Author-Name: Stefano Di Vita
Author-X-Name-First: Stefano
Author-X-Name-Last: Di Vita
Title: Co-working Spaces in Milan: Location Patterns and Urban Effects
Abstract:
The present paper investigates the location patterns and the effects co-working spaces generate on the urban context, issues that have been neglected by the existing literature. The focus is on Milan, the core of the Italian knowledge-based, creative, digital, and sharing economy, and the city hosting the largest number of co-working spaces in Italy. The paper addresses three main questions: (1) Where are the main locations of co-working spaces in Milan? (2) Are there any transformative effects of co-working spaces, respectively at the urban scale and at the very local scale? (3) What are their impacts in terms of spatial transformation and in terms of innovation in practices (for instance, work, leisure, or culture)? Desk research showed that location patterns of co-working spaces resemble those of service industries in urban areas, with a propinquity to the so-called “creative clusters.” Field research shed light on urban effects, such as the participation of workers in co-working spaces in local community initiatives, their contribution to urban revitalization trends, and micro-scale physical transformations. The paper, therefore, helps to fill the gap in the literature about the location patterns of these new working spaces and their urban effects at different scales, both in terms of urban spaces and practices.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 47-66
Issue: 3
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1311556
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1311556
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:3:p:47-66
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bo Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Bo
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Becky P. Y. Loo
Author-X-Name-First: Becky P. Y.
Author-X-Name-Last: Loo
Title: Hubs of Internet Entrepreneurs: The Emergence of Co-working Offices in Shanghai, China
Abstract:
Recently, the Chinese government has announced the “Internet plus” national strategy to encourage the development of Internet industries, particularly “innovations at the grassroots level.” Supportive government policies at the national and local level, and strong market demand have led to the rise of “Internet plus” entrepreneurs. Many of them are not setting up their own offices but are using shared or co-working offices. This study examines the geographical factors, reasons, and processes behind the emergence of co-working offices for these Internet start-up firms through on-site observations and in-depth interviews with the management and users at major co-working offices in Shanghai, China.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 67-84
Issue: 3
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1285124
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1285124
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:3:p:67-84
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Agatino Rizzo
Author-X-Name-First: Agatino
Author-X-Name-Last: Rizzo
Title: Why Knowledge Megaprojects Will Fail to Transform Gulf Countries in Post-Carbon Economies: The Case of Qatar
Abstract:
In the last two decades, resource cities of the Arab Gulf Region have been known to urban scholars and the general public for their extravagant, large-scale urban developments. These so-called megaprojects have allowed Gulf governments to both brand their nations globally and compete regionally and internationally with other global economic centers. However, as oil-rich Gulf countries have attempted to diversify their revenue stream away from fossil fuels, a new urban typology has emerged in their capitals to facilitate the transition to the knowledge-intensive economy. In continuity with previous research on megaprojects in the Gulf and Asian countries, we have called this new typology Knowledge Megaprojects (KMs). In this paper, by using as a reference point for comparisons the existing literature on knowledge developments in the West, we set to exemplify KMs in the Gulf region by analyzing the case of Education City—a large knowledge campus being developed by the Qatari government in Doha. One main result of this study is that KMs replicate the same shortcomings of other more mundane, extravagant megaprojects and thus are unlikely to provide the right urban setting to foster a sustainable transition to the post-carbon economy in the Gulf.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 85-98
Issue: 3
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1311569
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1311569
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:3:p:85-98
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Filipa Pajević
Author-X-Name-First: Filipa
Author-X-Name-Last: Pajević
Author-Name: Richard G. Shearmur
Author-X-Name-First: Richard G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Shearmur
Title: Catch Me if You Can: Workplace Mobility and Big Data
Abstract:
A growing number of workers, particularly in the knowledge and service sectors, can perform their work at multiple locations, and it is decreasingly realistic to assume, as researchers and planners have traditionally done, that employment in cities occurs in fixed locations. This suggests that census data or establishment registries do not fully capture where economic activity takes place. Given the role that ICTs play in enabling daytime workplace mobility, and given that they generate substantial amounts of real-time, geolocated data, we ask whether these Big Data can shed light upon the trajectories of mobile workers at the urban scale.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 99-115
Issue: 3
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1334855
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1334855
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:3:p:99-115
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jessica Ferm
Author-X-Name-First: Jessica
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferm
Title: Entrepreneurship in Cities: Neighbourhoods, Households, and Homes
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 117-119
Issue: 3
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1348878
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1348878
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:3:p:117-119
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bruno Moriset
Author-X-Name-First: Bruno
Author-X-Name-Last: Moriset
Title: The Reputation Economy: Understanding Knowledge Work in Digital Society
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 119-122
Issue: 3
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1348879
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1348879
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:3:p:119-122
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard E. Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-1
Issue: 4
Volume: 26
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2019.1673083
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2019.1673083
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:26:y:2019:i:4:p:1-1
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zsuzsanna Tomor
Author-X-Name-First: Zsuzsanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Tomor
Author-Name: Albert Meijer
Author-X-Name-First: Albert
Author-X-Name-Last: Meijer
Author-Name: Ank Michels
Author-X-Name-First: Ank
Author-X-Name-Last: Michels
Author-Name: Stan Geertman
Author-X-Name-First: Stan
Author-X-Name-Last: Geertman
Title: Smart Governance For Sustainable Cities: Findings from a Systematic Literature Review
Abstract:
This paper presents a systematic review of the literature on smart governance, defined as technology-enabled collaboration between citizens and local governments to advance sustainable development. The lack of empirical evidence on the positive outcomes of smart cities/smart governance motivated us to conduct this study. Our findings show that empirical evidence for the alleged sustainability benefits is sparse. In addition, the emerging picture is ambiguous in that it reports both positive and negative effects in respect to the sustainability achievements of smart governance. The study identifies contextual conditions of smart governance as crucial to understanding these mixed outcomes. Our paper points up the need for more empirical work and develops an agenda for researching the relationship between smart governance and sustainability outcomes.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-27
Issue: 4
Volume: 26
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2019.1651178
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2019.1651178
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:26:y:2019:i:4:p:3-27
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bev Wilson
Author-X-Name-First: Bev
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson
Author-Name: Arnab Chakraborty
Author-X-Name-First: Arnab
Author-X-Name-Last: Chakraborty
Title: Planning Smart(er) Cities: The Promise of Civic Technology
Abstract:
Civic technology is an emerging field that typically leverages open data—and sometimes open source software—to address challenges that may be invisible to or neglected by government in a collaborative, problem-centered way. This article describes the goals and values of civic technology, identifies its raw materials and products, and outlines its most visible modalities. We use key informant interviews with stakeholders in Chicago’s robust civic technology ecosystem and a brief discussion of the Array of Things (AoT) project to evaluate claims that civic technology can be an effective mechanism for democratizing the Smart City. We conclude with recommendations for urban planners interested in engaging with civic technology to enhance quality of life and further social equity.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 29-51
Issue: 4
Volume: 26
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2019.1631097
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2019.1631097
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:26:y:2019:i:4:p:29-51
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aini Jasmin Ghazalli
Author-X-Name-First: Aini Jasmin
Author-X-Name-Last: Ghazalli
Author-Name: Cris Brack
Author-X-Name-First: Cris
Author-X-Name-Last: Brack
Author-Name: Xuemei Bai
Author-X-Name-First: Xuemei
Author-X-Name-Last: Bai
Author-Name: Ismail Said
Author-X-Name-First: Ismail
Author-X-Name-Last: Said
Title: Physical and Non-Physical Benefits of Vertical Greenery Systems: A Review
Abstract:
Urban green infrastructure improves the urban environment and enriches the lives of urban dwellers by positively affecting ambient temperatures, noise levels, and air quality, and creating an environment that promotes human health. Green technologies are increasingly used to increase green patches in urban areas. In this review of 108 vertical greenery publications, the potential physical and non-physical contributions of a subset of green infrastructure—vertical greenery systems—are presented. Most studies focus on how greenery improves the thermal performance of individual buildings and the potential energy savings, but non-physical benefits, such as health and well-being, have received little attention.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 53-78
Issue: 4
Volume: 26
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2019.1637694
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2019.1637694
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:26:y:2019:i:4:p:53-78
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bing Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Bing
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Title: Technology and the Future of Our Cities
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 79-83
Issue: 4
Volume: 26
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2019.1637605
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2019.1637605
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:26:y:2019:i:4:p:79-83
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Amrita Singh
Author-X-Name-First: Amrita
Author-X-Name-Last: Singh
Title: Advances in Smart Cities: Smarter People, Governance, and Solutions
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 85-88
Issue: 4
Volume: 26
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2019.1637606
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2019.1637606
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:26:y:2019:i:4:p:85-88
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard E. Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 4
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1116826
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1116826
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:4:p:1-2
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Krzysztof Janc
Author-X-Name-First: Krzysztof
Author-X-Name-Last: Janc
Title: Visibility and Connections among Cities in Digital Space
Abstract:
Alongside traditional approaches to defining the positions and prestige of cities, their functioning and visibility in digital space have recently gained attention. The objective of this paper is to describe the visibility of cities and their mutual connections in digital space. This study used the Google search engine to obtain information on Google-indexed web sites concerning Polish cities. Socioeconomic data were analyzed to identify the relationships and similarities between online and offline worlds. The results support conclusions about two important problems associated with such analyses: temporal changes and the relationships between online and traditional measures describing individuals’ socioeconomic activity.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-21
Issue: 4
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1073899
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1073899
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:4:p:3-21
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tooran Alizadeh
Author-X-Name-First: Tooran
Author-X-Name-Last: Alizadeh
Title: Local Government Planning and High-Speed Broadband in Australia
Abstract:
The introduction of the Australian National Broadband Network (NBN) in 2009 raised questions about the potentials of the telecommunications infrastructure for Australian urban and regional planning. The recent decision by the Australian Federal Government to build the NBN, using a mix of technologies, has intensified the need to investigate the implications of telecommunications at the local level, as Australian local governments then need to respond differently based on the level of access provided in each case. The paper investigates such implications in the three areas of e-governance, socioeconomic development, and spatial planning. Building upon the international literature, and empirical data collected from the Australian local governments, it analyzes a raft of mostly unscrutinized policy initiatives developed, over the last few years, to guide the early rollout. The findings show some policy development regarding the socioeconomic implications of the new infrastructure, limited understanding of e-governance potentials, and lagging policy focus on spatial planning.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 23-43
Issue: 4
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1073976
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1073976
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:4:p:23-43
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Hemmersam
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Hemmersam
Author-Name: Nicole Martin
Author-X-Name-First: Nicole
Author-X-Name-Last: Martin
Author-Name: Even Westvang
Author-X-Name-First: Even
Author-X-Name-Last: Westvang
Author-Name: Jonny Aspen
Author-X-Name-First: Jonny
Author-X-Name-Last: Aspen
Author-Name: Andrew Morrison
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison
Title: Exploring Urban Data Visualization and Public Participation in Planning
Abstract:
Regulations in urban governance stipulate that large amounts of urban data be made available to the public with the intention of informing and enhancing decision making by businesses and citizens. Yet, the Planning and Building Permit Archive for the City of Oslo as one such source of data, only enables pinhole access by the public, denying public dissemination of planning and urban development issues beyond individual building and planning cases. Based on a set of experiments by the designer Even Westvang in a project called SeePlan, the article discusses how visualizing data from the Planning and Building Permit Archive may extend the available repertoire for the public to participate in urban planning.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 45-64
Issue: 4
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1073898
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1073898
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:4:p:45-64
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luis Pérez-Urrestarazu
Author-X-Name-First: Luis
Author-X-Name-Last: Pérez-Urrestarazu
Author-Name: Rafael Fernández-Cañero
Author-X-Name-First: Rafael
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández-Cañero
Author-Name: Antonio Franco-Salas
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio
Author-X-Name-Last: Franco-Salas
Author-Name: Gregorio Egea
Author-X-Name-First: Gregorio
Author-X-Name-Last: Egea
Title: Vertical Greening Systems and Sustainable Cities
Abstract:
Urban development is causing environmental and social concerns that are compromising human welfare and the sustainability of cities. New urban greening concepts are being developed to mitigate these problems in a sustainable and natural way. Vertical greening systems can be defined as structures that allow vegetation to spread over a building facade or interior wall. These systems are becoming popular though they are still evolving and more knowledge on some of their particular impacts is required. In the last five years, the number of studies published in the scientific literature on this topic, especially involving living walls, has significantly increased. This scientific interest has corresponded with an increased and parallel attention by the general public. This work offers a broad description of the different systems and a comprehensive review of the particular benefits of these green infrastructures. Knowledge gaps and shortcomings have also been identified and discussed.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 65-85
Issue: 4
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1073900
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1073900
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:4:p:65-85
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlos Cano Viktorsson
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Cano Viktorsson
Title: From Maps to Apps: Tracing the Organizational Responsiveness of an Early Multi-Modal Travel Planning Service
Abstract:
An Internet-based system for informing on multimodal travel planning (several modes of transportation) was introduced in Stockholm, Sweden in October 2000 in the form of a web page called trafiken.nu. The web page has a historical value of being one of the first attempts in Europe, and possibly the world, at providing an ICT-based travel planning service geared towards facilitating sustainable travel to the general public. The aim of this article is to investigate the historical development of trafiken.nu in order to draw lessons on how to better provide for a public information service with a potential for facilitating sustainable travel planning. Findings from the study of trafiken.nu suggest that the organizations behind the service have been slow in adapting to shifting media technology practices on how to provide for information which has affected the uptake of the service. Lessons from the case study provide a basis for arguing that organizations attempting to implement public information services would benefit from finding a means of harnessing collective intelligence in order to provide for a more customizable and responsive service to the general public.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 87-101
Issue: 4
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1073902
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1073902
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:4:p:87-101
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ander Audikana
Author-X-Name-First: Ander
Author-X-Name-Last: Audikana
Author-Name: Vincent Kaufmann
Author-X-Name-First: Vincent
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaufmann
Author-Name: Marc Antoine Messer
Author-X-Name-First: Marc Antoine
Author-X-Name-Last: Messer
Title: Governing the Geneva Tram Network: Making Decisions without Making Choices
Abstract:
This paper discusses the challenges of managing urban technical networks exploring four complementary dimensions: the autonomy of technical objects, the decision-making model, the reversibility of changes, and the centralization of command and control. The analysis is based on the example of the Geneva tram network, which has experienced an important change of its operating system over recent years. This transformation has created a vigorous social and political controversy. We argue that what is regarded as an intrinsic condition of ungovernability should be better understood as a more or less consciously constructed situation where (a) public transit development does not appear as a real priority within overall transportation policy in Geneva, (b) a delegation of responsibility of managing the tram network occurs from the political to the technical level, and (c) some of the decisions taken at the technical level have, in turn, physically compromised the development of the network.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 103-124
Issue: 4
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1073897
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1073897
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:4:p:103-124
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emilio Haddad
Author-X-Name-First: Emilio
Author-X-Name-Last: Haddad
Title: Urban Acupuncture: Celebrating Pinpricks of Change That Enrich City Life
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 125-127
Issue: 4
Volume: 22
Year: 2015
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1116827
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1116827
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:22:y:2015:i:4:p:125-127
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard E. Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 2
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1333818
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1333818
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:2:p:1-2
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Antonio Lauria
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio
Author-X-Name-Last: Lauria
Title: Tactile Pavings and Urban Places of Cultural Interest: A Study on Detectability of Contrasting Walking Surface Materials
Abstract:
In order to foster safe and independent mobility for blind people, Tactile Walking Surface Indicators (TWSI) are used in many countries throughout the world. Unfortunately, TWSI have witnessed a rapid and often uncertain proliferation without sufficient attention on their impact on spatial contexts in general, and on cultural assets in particular. With the aim of contributing to the ongoing debate concerning accessibility to cultural heritage, this paper proposes a critical reflection on the use of TWSI and explores the communicative capacities of a tactile paving typology (Contrasting Walking Surface Materials—CWSM) based on the appropriate combination of common paving materials. Through a structured observation study conducted in a controlled environment, this paper offers a methodological design, the first quantitative data, and some food for thought regarding CWSM detectability.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-33
Issue: 2
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1285096
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1285096
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:2:p:3-33
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tooran Alizadeh
Author-X-Name-First: Tooran
Author-X-Name-Last: Alizadeh
Title: Urban Digital Strategies: Planning in the Face of Information Technology?
Abstract:
A growing number of cities around the world have now developed urban digital strategies to speed up the pace of change, and more importantly to move their digital planning and policymaking from ad-hoc to an integrated and strategic approach. The paper provides a cross-national comparative study, based on recently developed urban digital strategies in Brisbane, Australia and Vancouver, Canada. The aim is to understand if and how urban digital strategies align with broader strategic planning in the two cities. To do so, the paper combines policy analysis with interviews of a selection of stakeholders in both cities. The lessons learned can be transferred to all cities interested in integrated digital planning for successful strategic urban outcomes.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 35-49
Issue: 2
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1285125
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1285125
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:2:p:35-49
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ricardo Álvarez
Author-X-Name-First: Ricardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Álvarez
Author-Name: Fábio Duarte
Author-X-Name-First: Fábio
Author-X-Name-Last: Duarte
Author-Name: Alaa AlRadwan
Author-X-Name-First: Alaa
Author-X-Name-Last: AlRadwan
Author-Name: Michelle Sit
Author-X-Name-First: Michelle
Author-X-Name-Last: Sit
Author-Name: Carlo Ratti
Author-X-Name-First: Carlo
Author-X-Name-Last: Ratti
Title: Re-Imagining Streetlight Infrastructure as a Digital Urban Platform
Abstract:
Urban infrastructures have traditionally been mono-functional: water, sewage, and electricity are notable examples. Embedded with digital technologies, urban infrastructures have the potential to communicate with one another and become multi-functional platforms that integrate data gathering and actuation cycles. In this paper, we focus on public lighting infrastructures. Despite the technological development of lights, including LED technology, streetlights have been primarily treated as a mono-functional infrastructure. Based on case studies, we discuss the potential of reimagining streetlight infrastructure, and advance some initial proposals that focus on sensing and actuation cycles, which could transform this pervasive infrastructure into a digital urban platform.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 51-64
Issue: 2
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1285084
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1285084
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:2:p:51-64
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Burak Pak
Author-X-Name-First: Burak
Author-X-Name-Last: Pak
Author-Name: Alvin Chua
Author-X-Name-First: Alvin
Author-X-Name-Last: Chua
Author-Name: Andrew Vande Moere
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Vande Moere
Title:
Brussels: Socio-Demographic Inequality in Crowdsourced Civic Participation
Abstract:
FixMyStreet (FMS) is a web-based civic participation platform that allows inhabitants to report environmental defects like potholes and damaged pavements to the government. In this paper, we examine the use of FMS in Brussels, the capital city of Belgium. Analyzing a total of 30,041 reports since its inception in 2013, we demonstrate how civic participation on FMS varies between the ethnically diverse districts in Brussels. We compare FMS use to a range of sociodemographic indicators derived from official city statistics as well as geotagged social media data from Twitter. Our statistical analysis revealed several significant differences between the districts that suggested that crowdsourced civic participation platforms tend to marginalize low-income and ethnically diverse communities. In this respect, our findings provide timely evidence to inform the design of more inclusive crowdsourced, civic participation platforms in the future.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 65-87
Issue: 2
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2016.1270047
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2016.1270047
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:2:p:65-87
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hadrien Commenges
Author-X-Name-First: Hadrien
Author-X-Name-Last: Commenges
Author-Name: Lorenza Tomasoni
Author-X-Name-First: Lorenza
Author-X-Name-Last: Tomasoni
Author-Name: Christian Seigneur
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Seigneur
Author-Name: Olivier Bonin
Author-X-Name-First: Olivier
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonin
Author-Name: Fabien Leurent
Author-X-Name-First: Fabien
Author-X-Name-Last: Leurent
Author-Name: Céline Bonhomme
Author-X-Name-First: Céline
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonhomme
Author-Name: José-Frédéric Deroubaix
Author-X-Name-First: José-Frédéric
Author-X-Name-Last: Deroubaix
Title: Who is the Expert? Integrated Urban Modeling and the Reconfiguration of Expertise
Abstract:
Much has been spoken and written about the rationalization and optimization of services and amenities in urban territories. In this context, there is increasing use of numerical modeling techniques addressing the design, selection and/or calibration of policy instruments. The question of the relations between appraisal tools and policymaking has been widely studied. However, few studies have specifically focused on the role of modeling in policymaking processes. Drawing on two case studies, this paper suggests a change in the nature of multi-expertise: neither conflicting nor cross-sectoral, we observed in both cases an interwoven configuration with a network of experts making use of integrated models. We call this configuration distributed expertise, arguing that it is a novel configuration and that its emergence is closely linked to the development of integrated modeling techniques. Other authors have discussed the idea that the growing need for new appraisal tools is linked with the proliferation of wicked policy problems. From our case studies we would conclude that the emergence of integrated modeling is not a response to complex problems but to complex systems of actors who need to reach a consensus on actions.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 89-108
Issue: 2
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1284990
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1284990
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:2:p:89-108
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adam Davidson
Author-X-Name-First: Adam
Author-X-Name-Last: Davidson
Title: Smartphones as Locative Media
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 109-110
Issue: 2
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1333842
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1333842
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:2:p:109-110
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eduardo Oliveira
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Oliveira
Title: Citizen Empowerment and Innovation in the Data-Rich City
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 111-114
Issue: 2
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1333841
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1333841
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:2:p:111-114
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chan-Yuan Wong
Author-X-Name-First: Chan-Yuan
Author-X-Name-Last: Wong
Author-Name: Boon-Kwee Ng
Author-X-Name-First: Boon-Kwee
Author-X-Name-Last: Ng
Author-Name: Suzana Ariff Azizan
Author-X-Name-First: Suzana Ariff
Author-X-Name-Last: Azizan
Author-Name: Maisarah Hasbullah
Author-X-Name-First: Maisarah
Author-X-Name-Last: Hasbullah
Title: Knowledge Structures of City Innovation Systems: Singapore and Hong Kong
Abstract:
Cities are naturally the center of attention when innovation and its geography are discussed. This paper seeks to elucidate the knowledge structures of the city innovation systems of Hong Kong and Singapore, and shed light on the performance of knowledge production, networks, and features in accordance with: (1) patent portfolios and fields of technology; (2) the patent landscape; and (3) the correlation map between fields and entities that produce patents. Findings indicate that private firms dominate the patenting landscape for the selected economies. Scientific activities performed by universities and public research institutions are converging with technological knowledge performed by firms. Hong Kong and Singapore sought to attain a co-evolution process for science-based industrial development.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 47-73
Issue: 1
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1348882
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1348882
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:1:p:47-73
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Enzo Falco
Author-X-Name-First: Enzo
Author-X-Name-Last: Falco
Author-Name: Ivano Malavolta
Author-X-Name-First: Ivano
Author-X-Name-Last: Malavolta
Author-Name: Adam Radzimski
Author-X-Name-First: Adam
Author-X-Name-Last: Radzimski
Author-Name: Stefano Ruberto
Author-X-Name-First: Stefano
Author-X-Name-Last: Ruberto
Author-Name: Ludovico Iovino
Author-X-Name-First: Ludovico
Author-X-Name-Last: Iovino
Author-Name: Francesco Gallo
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco
Author-X-Name-Last: Gallo
Title: Smart City L’Aquila: An Application of the “Infostructure” Approach to Public Urban Mobility in a Post-Disaster Context
Abstract:
Ever since the earthquake of April 6, 2009 hit the city of L’Aquila, Italy, the city has been facing major challenges in terms of social, physical, and economic reconstruction. The system of public urban mobility, the bus network, is no exception with its old bus fleet, non-user-friendly information, and poor scheduling. This paper argues that the public transportation system of L’Aquila could be improved towards smart mobility models without large infrastructure investment by leveraging the “infostructure” approach, digital technologies, open data, and open source software. This work presents the digitization and geo-referencing procedure, software architecture, and the web and mobile apps that have been developed to improve the information flow available to citizens and to increase the user-friendliness of the transportation system. Future research will seek to make use of the data and develop applications to perform a public transport accessibility analysis of major points of interest throughout the city.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 99-121
Issue: 1
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1362901
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1362901
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:1:p:99-121
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Iain D. Stewart
Author-X-Name-First: Iain D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Stewart
Author-Name: Chris A. Kennedy
Author-X-Name-First: Chris A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kennedy
Author-Name: Angelo Facchini
Author-X-Name-First: Angelo
Author-X-Name-Last: Facchini
Author-Name: Renata Mele
Author-X-Name-First: Renata
Author-X-Name-Last: Mele
Title: The Electric City as a Solution to Sustainable Urban Development
Abstract:
Comprehensive frameworks for sustainable urban development have been advanced by many scholars and global institutions in recent years. These frameworks are broad and overlapping in nature, but each has its own structure and emphasis. We review a cross-section of these frameworks, examining their foundations and general predictions for an urban future. From this review, we cultivate an argument that continued progress toward sustainable urban development hinges on low-carbon electrification. Our position for electric cities is supported by the sustainability literature and by empirical evidence gathered from the world's largest cities, which shows that economy, physical environment, and basic service delivery improve with per capita electricity consumption. We close with an overview of the challenges associated with urban electrification.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-20
Issue: 1
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1386940
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1386940
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:1:p:3-20
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Saleh Abdullahi
Author-X-Name-First: Saleh
Author-X-Name-Last: Abdullahi
Author-Name: Biswajeet Pradhan
Author-X-Name-First: Biswajeet
Author-X-Name-Last: Pradhan
Author-Name: Hossein Mojaddadi
Author-X-Name-First: Hossein
Author-X-Name-Last: Mojaddadi
Title: City Compactness: Assessing the Influence of the Growth of Residential Land Use
Abstract:
In the urban sprawl paradigm, residential land use exhibits a more significant growth than other categories. Consequently, large proportions of the natural environment are converted to residential areas, particularly in tropical countries. Compact urban development is one of the most sustainable urban forms with environmental perspectives, such as rural development containment and natural environment preservation. However, no proper investigation of the relationship and influence of residential growth and city compactness is available. This study evaluated and forecasted the residential development of Kajang City in Malaysia based on compact development. First, the relationship between residential land use change and city compactness was evaluated. Second, residential growth was projected by utilizing the land transformation model (LTM) and the statistical-based weight of evidence (WoE) using various spatial parameters. Both models were evaluated with respect to observed land use and compactness maps. Results indicated that most of the newly developed residential areas were in zones where the degrees of compactness increase during certain periods. In addition, LTM performed better and provided a more accurate modeling of residential growth than the WoE. However, WoE provided clearer and more informative results than LTM in terms of functional relationships between dependent and independent variables related to city compactness.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 21-46
Issue: 1
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1390299
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1390299
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:1:p:21-46
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pedro Manuel da Costa Liberato
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro Manuel
Author-X-Name-Last: da Costa Liberato
Author-Name: Elisa Alén-González
Author-X-Name-First: Elisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Alén-González
Author-Name: Dália Filipa Veloso de Azevedo Liberato
Author-X-Name-First: Dália Filipa Veloso
Author-X-Name-Last: de Azevedo Liberato
Title: Digital Technology in a Smart Tourist Destination: The Case of Porto
Abstract:
Given that information and communication technologies (ICT) have become increasingly integrated into the tourism industry, this article aims to emphasize the growing importance of ICT for smart tourism destinations. As a city, Porto has been consolidating its position as a smart tourism destination by emphasizing tourists’ experiences that are evaluated through innovation, communication, and interactivity with tourists/visitors. A survey of 423 tourists visiting the city provided the data for this study. The analysis focuses on the availability of ICT in Porto and its influence on tourists’ decisions to visit the city. This information helps to determine whether the application and information available on the Internet had positively contributed to tourists’ satisfaction in their visits to Porto. In particular, this article focuses on the influence of ICT accessibility on tourists’ choices of destination, their experiences, and their satisfaction. The results obtained can serve as insights for others to understand how tourists’ behavior and experiences, their planning stages and their demand for information are affected by the availability of ICT, in the context of smart tourism destinations.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 75-97
Issue: 1
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1413228
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1413228
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:1:p:75-97
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard E. Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 1
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1426309
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1426309
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:1:p:1-2
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nils Breyer
Author-X-Name-First: Nils
Author-X-Name-Last: Breyer
Author-Name: David Gundlegård
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Gundlegård
Author-Name: Clas Rydergren
Author-X-Name-First: Clas
Author-X-Name-Last: Rydergren
Title: Cellpath Routing and Route Traffic Flow Estimation Based on Cellular Network Data
Abstract:
The signaling data in cellular networks provide means for analyzing the use of transportation systems. We propose methods that aim to reconstruct the used route through a transportation network from call detail records (CDRs) which are spatially and temporally sparse. The route estimation methods are compared based on the individual routes estimated. We also investigate the effect of different route estimation methods when employed in a complete network assignment for a larger city. Using an available CDR dataset for Dakar, Senegal, we show that the choice of the route estimation method can have a significant impact on resulting link flows.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 85-104
Issue: 2
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1386939
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1386939
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:2:p:85-104
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Justin van Dijk
Author-X-Name-First: Justin
Author-X-Name-Last: van Dijk
Author-Name: Stephan Krygsman
Author-X-Name-First: Stephan
Author-X-Name-Last: Krygsman
Title: Analyzing Travel Behavior by Using GPS-Based Activity Spaces and Opportunity Indicators
Abstract:
An activity space is a spatial expression of individual spatial behavior that can play a role in visualizing and analyzing travel behavior. In this article, we use the data of a two-day tracking experiment to explore whether accessibility to opportunities as represented through activity spaces associate with different travel characteristics, including willingness to consider more sustainable modes of transport. Simultaneously, we draw attention to the question of how to represent activity spaces. Using data of 95 respondents, we introduce point-of-interest data as an indicator to represent the accessibility to opportunities within individual activity spaces and we analyze their relationship to the respondents’ self-reported willingness to consider more sustainable modes of travel. The results indicate that there is an association between higher scores on the activity space opportunity indicators and the willingness to consider more sustainable modes of transport. Overall, the study shows the potential of using accessibility indicators derived from GPS-based activity spaces to gain insight into travel behavior.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 105-124
Issue: 2
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1400814
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1400814
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:2:p:105-124
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anniki Puura
Author-X-Name-First: Anniki
Author-X-Name-Last: Puura
Author-Name: Siiri Silm
Author-X-Name-First: Siiri
Author-X-Name-Last: Silm
Author-Name: Rein Ahas
Author-X-Name-First: Rein
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahas
Title: The Relationship between Social Networks and Spatial Mobility: A Mobile-Phone-Based Study in Estonia
Abstract:
Relationships between individuals and their social networks have a significant influence on spatial mobility and transportation needs. This article focuses on networks of calling partners using mobile phones and spatial mobility in Estonia. Mobile phone call graphs and call detail record (CDR) data have been used for this study. Our investigation indicates that the larger one’s network of calling partners using mobile phones and the larger the geographic area within which the calling partners live, the more an individual moves around. The connection between the network of mobile calling partners and spatial mobility is most influenced by gender. Used in this way, mobile phone data can be seen to allow studies to be undertaken of the connection between mobile communication networks and spatial mobility.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 7-25
Issue: 2
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1406253
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1406253
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:2:p:7-25
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Domokos Esztergár-Kiss
Author-X-Name-First: Domokos
Author-X-Name-Last: Esztergár-Kiss
Author-Name: Zoltán Rózsa
Author-X-Name-First: Zoltán
Author-X-Name-Last: Rózsa
Author-Name: Tamás Tettamanti
Author-X-Name-First: Tamás
Author-X-Name-Last: Tettamanti
Title: Extensions of the Activity Chain Optimization Method
Abstract:
For the optimization of daily activity chains a novel method has been elaborated, where flexible demand points were introduced. Some activities are not necessarily fixed temporally and spatially, therefore they can be realized in different times or locations. By using flexible demand points, the method is capable of finding new combinations of activity chains and choosing the optimal set of activities. The optimization algorithm solves the TSP-TW (Traveling Salesman Problem – Time Window) problem with many flexible demand points, which resulted in high complexity and long processing times. Therefore, two extensions were developed to speed up the processes. A POI (Point Of Interest) search algorithm enabled to search demand points in advance and store them in an offline database. Furthermore GA (genetic algorithm) was applied and customized to realize lower optimization times. During the implementation, three different transportation modes were defined: car, public transport, and combined (public transport with car-sharing opportunity). The simulations were performed on arbitrarily chosen test networks using Matlab. Promising test results were obtained for all transportation modes with total travel time reduction of 10–15 percent. The application of the extended optimization method produced shorter activity chains and decreased total travel time for the users.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 125-142
Issue: 2
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1407998
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1407998
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:2:p:125-142
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: L.J.J. Wismans
Author-X-Name-First: L.J.J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wismans
Author-Name: K. Friso
Author-X-Name-First: K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Friso
Author-Name: J. Rijsdijk
Author-X-Name-First: J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Rijsdijk
Author-Name: S.W. de Graaf
Author-X-Name-First: S.W.
Author-X-Name-Last: de Graaf
Author-Name: J. Keij
Author-X-Name-First: J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Keij
Title: Improving A Priori Demand Estimates Transport Models using Mobile Phone Data: A Rotterdam-Region Case
Abstract:
Mobile phone data are a rich source to infer all kinds of mobility- related information. In this research, we present an approach where mobile phone data are used and analyzed for enriching the transport model of the region of Rotterdam. In this research Call Detail Records (CDR) are used from a mobile phone provider in the Netherlands that serves between 30 and 40 percent of Dutch mobile phones. Accessing these data provides travel information of about one-third of the Dutch population. No other data source is known that gives travel information at a national scale at this high level. The raw data of one month is processed into basic information which is subsequently translated into OD-information (Origin-Destination) based on several decision rules. This OD information is compared with the traditionally estimated a priori OD matrix of the Rotterdam transport model and the Dutch yearly national household travel survey. Based on the analysis and assignment results, an approach is developed to combine the mobile phone OD-information and an a priori OD matrix using the best of both worlds. Results show a better match of the assignment results of this matrix with the counts indicating a better quality of the matrix.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 63-83
Issue: 2
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1442075
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1442075
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:2:p:63-83
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maarten Vanhoof
Author-X-Name-First: Maarten
Author-X-Name-Last: Vanhoof
Author-Name: Willem Schoors
Author-X-Name-First: Willem
Author-X-Name-Last: Schoors
Author-Name: Anton Van Rompaey
Author-X-Name-First: Anton
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Rompaey
Author-Name: Thomas Ploetz
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Ploetz
Author-Name: Zbigniew Smoreda
Author-X-Name-First: Zbigniew
Author-X-Name-Last: Smoreda
Title: Comparing Regional Patterns of Individual Movement Using Corrected Mobility Entropy
Abstract:
In this paper, we propose a correction of the Mobility Entropy indicator (ME) used to describe the diversity of individual movement patterns as can be captured by data from mobile phones. We argue that a correction is necessary because standard calculations of ME show a structural dependency on the geographical density of observation points, rendering results biased and comparisons between regions incorrect. As a solution, we propose the Corrected Mobility Entropy (CME). We apply our solution to a French mobile phone dataset with ∼18.5 million users. Results show CME to be less correlated to cell-tower density (r = –0.17 instead of –0.59 for ME). As a spatial pattern of mobility diversity, we find CME values to be higher in suburban regions compared to their related urban centers, while both decrease considerably with lowering urban center sizes. Based on regression models, we find mobility diversity to relate to factors like income and employment. Additionally, using CME reveals the role of car use in relation to land use, which was not recognized when using ME values. Our solution enables a better description of individual mobility at a large scale, which has applications in official statistics, urban planning and policy, and mobility research.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 27-61
Issue: 2
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1450593
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1450593
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:2:p:27-61
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tom Thomas
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: Thomas
Author-Name: Karst T. Geurs
Author-X-Name-First: Karst T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Geurs
Author-Name: Johan Koolwaaij
Author-X-Name-First: Johan
Author-X-Name-Last: Koolwaaij
Author-Name: Marcel Bijlsma
Author-X-Name-First: Marcel
Author-X-Name-Last: Bijlsma
Title: Automatic Trip Detection with the Dutch Mobile Mobility Panel: Towards Reliable Multiple-Week Trip Registration for Large Samples
Abstract:
This paper examines the accuracy of trip and mode choice detection of the last wave of the Dutch Mobile Mobility Panel, a large-scale three-year, smartphone-based travel survey. Departure and arrival times, origins, destinations, modes, and travel purposes were recorded during a four week period in 2015, using the MoveSmarter app for a representative sample of 615 respondents, yielding over 60 thousand trips. During the monitoring period, respondents also participated in a web-based prompted recall survey and answered additional questions. This enables a comparison between automatic detected and reported trips. Most trips were detected with no clear biases in trip length or duration, and transport modes were classified correctly for over 80 percent of these trips. There is strong evidence that smartphone-based trip detection helps to reduce underreporting of trips, which is a common phenomenon in travel surveys. In the Dutch Mobile Mobility Panel, trip rates are substantially higher than trip-diary based travel surveys in the Netherlands, in particular for business and leisure trips which are often irregular. The rate of reporting also hardly decreased during the four-week period, which is a promising result for the use of smartphones in long duration travel surveys.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 143-161
Issue: 2
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1471874
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1471874
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:2:p:143-161
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luc J.J. Wismans
Author-X-Name-First: Luc J.J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wismans
Author-Name: Rein Ahas
Author-X-Name-First: Rein
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahas
Author-Name: Karst T. Geurs
Author-X-Name-First: Karst T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Geurs
Title: From the Guest Editors: Mobile Phones, Travel, and Transportation
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-5
Issue: 2
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1471875
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1471875
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:2:p:3-5
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mary Anne Alabanza Akers
Author-X-Name-First: Mary Anne Alabanza
Author-X-Name-Last: Akers
Title: Rivers Lost, Rivers Regained: Rethinking City–River Relations
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 163-165
Issue: 2
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1472436
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1472436
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:2:p:163-165
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katherine Laycock
Author-X-Name-First: Katherine
Author-X-Name-Last: Laycock
Title: The Community Resilience Reader: Essential Resources for an Era of Upheaval
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 165-168
Issue: 2
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1472437
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1472437
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:2:p:165-168
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Rein Ahas
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 2
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1472438
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1472438
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:2:p:1-2
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard E. Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 1
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1307629
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1307629
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:1:p:1-2
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luca Mora
Author-X-Name-First: Luca
Author-X-Name-Last: Mora
Author-Name: Roberto Bolici
Author-X-Name-First: Roberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Bolici
Author-Name: Mark Deakin
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Deakin
Title: The First Two Decades of Smart-City Research: A Bibliometric Analysis
Abstract:
This paper reports on the first two decades of research on smart cities by conducting a bibliometric analysis of the literature published between 1992 and 2012. The analysis shows that smart-city research is fragmented and lacks cohesion, and its growth follows two main development paths. The first one is based on the peer-reviewed publications produced by European universities, which support a holistic perspective on smart cities. The second path, instead, stands on the gray literature produced by the American business community and relates to a techno-centric understanding of the subject. Divided along such paths, the future development of this new and promising field of research risks being undermined. For while the bibliometric analysis indicates that smart cities are emerging as a fast-growing topic of scientific enquiry, much of the knowledge that is generated about them is singularly technological in nature. In that sense, lacking the social intelligence, cultural artifacts, and environmental attributes, which are needed for the ICT-related urban innovation that such research champions.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-27
Issue: 1
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1285123
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1285123
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:1:p:3-27
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Brian Deal
Author-X-Name-First: Brian
Author-X-Name-Last: Deal
Author-Name: Haozhi Pan
Author-X-Name-First: Haozhi
Author-X-Name-Last: Pan
Author-Name: Varkki Pallathucheril
Author-X-Name-First: Varkki
Author-X-Name-Last: Pallathucheril
Author-Name: Gale Fulton
Author-X-Name-First: Gale
Author-X-Name-Last: Fulton
Title: Urban Resilience and Planning Support Systems: The Need for Sentience
Abstract:
Developing resilience in built human environments is a complex undertaking. It requires decision support tools that can convey complexities in meaningful and understandable ways. Building smart cities and generating big data, however, is not enough. In order to improve decision-making and ultimately inform resilient communities we need to be able to translate big data at scales and in ways that are useful and approachable. In this paper we argue that creating more resilient communities calls for planning support systems (PSSs) that go beyond the ones we have today. We call for PSSs that possess a greater degree of sentience—that (a) possess a greater awareness of application context and user needs; (b) are capable of iterative learning; (c) are capable of spatial and temporal reasoning; (d) understand rules; and (e) are accessible and interactive. We consider the questions: How might intelligent or sentient information delivery systems allow for more strategic, context-aware, resilient, and ultimately sustainable communities? What primary design considerations would make such a system possible and useful given that, as of yet, no technology exists that is fully “sentient?”
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 29-45
Issue: 1
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1285018
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1285018
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:1:p:29-45
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Farah Mneimneh
Author-X-Name-First: Farah
Author-X-Name-Last: Mneimneh
Author-Name: Issam Srour
Author-X-Name-First: Issam
Author-X-Name-Last: Srour
Author-Name: Isam Kaysi
Author-X-Name-First: Isam
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaysi
Author-Name: Mona Harb
Author-X-Name-First: Mona
Author-X-Name-Last: Harb
Title: Eco-City Projects: Incorporating Sustainability Requirements during Pre-Project Planning
Abstract:
International standards exist for evaluating building or neighborhood sustainability. Nonetheless, they are still not available for large-scale developments. Of special interest to practitioners is how to ensure that sustainability requirements of large-scale projects are well integrated in a master plan. This paper provides design managers of new eco-cities with a framework to integrate sustainability in the pre-project planning phase. A case study of a planned eco-city is investigated to delineate its pre-project planning practices, compare them to the proposed framework, and infer lessons learned. The case study highlights the importance of regular interactions between business planners and master planners to incorporate sustainability requirements at early planning phases.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 47-74
Issue: 1
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2016.1175828
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2016.1175828
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:1:p:47-74
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francisco Javier Garrido-Jiménez
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco Javier
Author-X-Name-Last: Garrido-Jiménez
Author-Name: Francesc Magrinyá-Torner
Author-X-Name-First: Francesc
Author-X-Name-Last: Magrinyá-Torner
Author-Name: María Consuelo del Moral-Ávila
Author-X-Name-First: María
Author-X-Name-Last: Consuelo del Moral-Ávila
Title: The Relative Length of Roads and Housing Density as Distinct Determinants of Operating Costs for Urban Services: Evidence from Medium-Sized Spanish Cities
Abstract:
Housing density and the relative length of roads or frontage are different urban variables which are proportional only in the case of homogeneous developments based on single-family dwellings. However, when the impact of an urban pattern on the operating cost of public services is analyzed regardless of the settlement morphology, both variables are often considered as equivalent, overlooking the role of the relative length of roads, which might be important due to the linear component of the cost of many of them. This study highlights the differences between the economic role of the two variables, showing that housing density explains better the operating cost per unit area of services such as roads and parks maintenance, while the relative length of roads does so in water cycle, waste collection, disposal, and treatment as well as street cleaning.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 75-91
Issue: 1
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2016.1177272
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2016.1177272
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:1:p:75-91
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eva Gustavsson
Author-X-Name-First: Eva
Author-X-Name-Last: Gustavsson
Author-Name: Ingemar Elander
Author-X-Name-First: Ingemar
Author-X-Name-Last: Elander
Title: Behaving Clean without Having to Think Green? Local Eco-Technological and Dialogue-Based, Low-Carbon Projects in Sweden
Abstract:
Two kinds of local low-carbon initiatives are the focus in this paper: those initiated under the umbrella of a central government program, and those initiated from below by individuals and municipalities in Sweden. The project studied in the first category was focused on eco-technological innovations undertaken by a municipal housing company. The case in the second category was a dialogue-based program with selected citizens willing to test a climate-friendly lifestyle. The latter approach faced strong barriers when going from words to deeds, lacking the large-scale favors of massive eco-technological investments. Highlighting one particular project in each category, we illustrate the potentials and barriers of each approach. It is concluded that policymakers have to find ways to combine the two, otherwise there is a risk that low-carbon committed individuals will become disillusioned or that eco-technological gains will be spoiled by “rebound consumption.”
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 93-116
Issue: 1
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2016.1175806
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2016.1175806
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:1:p:93-116
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Russell J. Fricano
Author-X-Name-First: Russell J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Fricano
Title: Applying Human Ecology to Design: From Paradigm to Practice
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 117-123
Issue: 1
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1307631
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1307631
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:1:p:117-123
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 4
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2016.1257837
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2016.1257837
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:4:p:1-2
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elena Fregonara
Author-X-Name-First: Elena
Author-X-Name-Last: Fregonara
Author-Name: Roberto Giordano
Author-X-Name-First: Roberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Giordano
Author-Name: Diana Rolando
Author-X-Name-First: Diana
Author-X-Name-Last: Rolando
Author-Name: Jean-Marc Tulliani
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Marc
Author-X-Name-Last: Tulliani
Title: Integrating Environmental and Economic Sustainability in New Building Construction and Retrofits
Abstract:
The aim of this paper is to grow the literature on methodological approaches directed to find out the most preferable retrofit design solutions for Energy-Efficient Buildings, sustainable from both an environmental and economic point of view. The paper proposes a methodology based on the integration of two existing approaches and finalized to support designers, constructors, developers, and public authorities in the decision-making process. The first approach is based on a joint application of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Life Cycle Costing (LCC). The outputs are proposed as an input to the second approach, the Strategic Choice Approach (SCA), considered as a preliminary “platform” in which information deriving from three specific disciplines (“Materials Science and Technology”, “Environmental Technology” and “Real Estate Market Evaluation”) could be structured, shared and accessed by stakeholders, in order to facilitate the decision-making process. First findings are illustrated through an application of the proposed methodology on a case study in the city of Turin (Northern Italy). The selected case study constitutes a reference building for the Turin area because it represents the building construction techniques that mostly need to be refurbished in order to reduce energy consumptions at building level and, as a consequence, at urban level.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-28
Issue: 4
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2016.1157941
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2016.1157941
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:4:p:3-28
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ljiljana Živković
Author-X-Name-First: Ljiljana
Author-X-Name-Last: Živković
Author-Name: Aleksandar Đorđević
Author-X-Name-First: Aleksandar
Author-X-Name-Last: Đorđević
Title: Building a GIS Platform for Sustainable Land Management: A Case Study of the City of Čačak, Serbia
Abstract:
The general aim of this research is to contribute to sustainable land management and urban planning practices. An approach for building an urban planning-oriented information platform that could support a sustainable (i.e. environmentally sustainable), socially responsible and economically efficient decision-making process in the future at the municipal level is proposed. The proposed information platform approach relies on and is built for the Geographic Information System (GIS) but includes basic data management principles and the standards of the Spatial Data Information (SDI) concept, namely, INSPIRE. Thus, a model with the two following technical elements for building land management and urban planning based on a general platform or database is proposed in this article: (1) a conceptual Unified Modeling Language (UML) data model for urban planning metadata and data for different types of urban plans and (2) lists of land-use classes and types at the municipal level (included in the UML data model). The proposed approach includes a land-use model and the standardization of urban planning data to build a GIS platform to better integrate various types of data (social, economic, environmental, etc.) and is based on general and detailed urban regulation plans and land governance practices in the City of Čačak, Republic of Serbia. Once implemented, the proposed approach is expected to create preconditions for decision making regarding future sustainable land development in Čačak and other municipalities in Serbia.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 29-46
Issue: 4
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1102420
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1102420
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:4:p:29-46
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yongjun Shin
Author-X-Name-First: Yongjun
Author-X-Name-Last: Shin
Author-Name: Donghee Shin
Author-X-Name-First: Donghee
Author-X-Name-Last: Shin
Title: Modelling Community Resources and Communications Mapping for Strategic Inter-Organizational Problem Solving and Civic Engagement
Abstract:
The goal of the project outlined in this paper is to create a conceptual foundation and methodological guide of community resources and communications mapping for collective problem solving and civic engagement on behalf of civil society. The purpose is twofold: (1) to help civil society effectively identify the most appropriate stakeholders for collective problem-solving networks, and (2) to help civil society strategically participate in politics by building public discourse advocacy networks. To this end, the literature on collaboration, focused on public-private-civic partnerships, and on relationship-based and politics-based collaboration theories is reviewed. Then, after reviewing stakeholder mapping and network analysis for collaboration, we suggest integrating tripartite network analysis of community resources and communications mapping projects to serve the study’s dual purposes.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 47-66
Issue: 4
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2016.1175826
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2016.1175826
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:4:p:47-66
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Constantine E. Kontokosta
Author-X-Name-First: Constantine E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kontokosta
Title: The Quantified Community and Neighborhood Labs: A Framework for Computational Urban Science and Civic Technology Innovation
Abstract:
Instrumentation of the urban environment is not by itself sufficient to have a meaningful impact on the quality, sustainability, and resilience of cities – or more broadly on urban policy and planning. Understanding the social, economic, and cultural dynamics of urban life requires both an appreciation of the social sciences and a substantive engagement with communities across neighborhoods. The “Smart City” messaging is replete with claims of the potential for sensors and information and communication technologies (ICT) to re-shape urban life, although such rhetoric ignores the practical realities and constraints of urban decision-making and the social and distributional concerns of policy outcomes. Rather, significant progress could be achieved at the neighborhood scale by focusing diverse, intensive, and persistent real-time data collection and analysis on a “Quantified Community” (QC). The QC—a long-term neighborhood informatics research initiative—is a network of instrumented urban neighborhoods that collect, measure, and analyze data on physical and environmental conditions and human behavior to provide a rich resource to better understand how neighborhoods and the built environment affect individual and social well-being. The resulting unique experimental environment provides a testing ground for new physical and informatics technologies, policies, and behavioral interventions, allowing for unprecedented studies in urban planning and design, urban systems engineering and management, and the social sciences. Focusing on the neighborhood scale also allows for meaningful interaction with, and participation by, the people who live, work, and play in that space and shifts the emphasis of data-driven design away from top-down routinization to a human-centric problem-solving. This paper presents the conceptual framework and justification for the QC, built on the lessons learned from three initial deployments in New York City, and a networked experimental environment of neighborhood labs.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 67-84
Issue: 4
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2016.1177260
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2016.1177260
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:4:p:67-84
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simone Leao
Author-X-Name-First: Simone
Author-X-Name-Last: Leao
Author-Name: Parisa Izadpahani
Author-X-Name-First: Parisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Izadpahani
Title: Factors Motivating Citizen Engagement in Mobile Sensing: Insights from a Survey of Non-Participants
Abstract:
Mobile sensing uses features of mobile technology to monitor the environment and if a community participates in such monitoring, there can be community improvements in the quality of life. Despite the numerous potential benefits, the rate of citizen engagement in mobile sensing is generally low. Using the urban sensing project called “2Loud?,” this study was designed to uncover the reasons for non-participation and to discuss the motivations for intention to participate. A survey was administered to citizens who had been invited to participate but had decided not to participate. Examining the four motivational factors of “Concern,” “Belief,” “Technology,” and “Time” through a series of Kruskal-Wallis H Tests indicated that respondents had a statistically significant favorable attitude toward “Intention to Participate” if they had some concern and belief, and if they had access to technology and available time, compared to those who did not. However, binary logistic regression analysis indicated that only “Time” and “Technology” were significant predictors of “Intention to Participate.” These findings are discussed in light of social psychology and information technology theories, and recommendations for improved communication and engagement strategies are suggested.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 85-103
Issue: 4
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2016.1175824
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2016.1175824
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:4:p:85-103
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katherine Nesse
Author-X-Name-First: Katherine
Author-X-Name-Last: Nesse
Title: Resilient Downtowns: A New Approach to Revitalizing Small- and Medium-City Downtowns
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 105-107
Issue: 4
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2016.1260307
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2016.1260307
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:4:p:105-107
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yingling Fan
Author-X-Name-First: Yingling
Author-X-Name-Last: Fan
Title: Changing Lanes: Visions and Histories of Urban Freeways
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 107-109
Issue: 4
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2016.1260310
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2016.1260310
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:4:p:107-109
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dan Moscovici
Author-X-Name-First: Dan
Author-X-Name-Last: Moscovici
Title: Creating Green Roadways: Integrating Cultural, Natural, and Visual Resources into Transportation
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 109-112
Issue: 4
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2016.1260305
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2016.1260305
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:4:p:109-112
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bradley Flamm
Author-X-Name-First: Bradley
Author-X-Name-Last: Flamm
Title: Completing Our Streets: The Transition to Safe and Inclusive Transportation Networks
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 112-114
Issue: 4
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2016.1260303
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2016.1260303
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:4:p:112-114
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Gaffney
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Gaffney
Author-Name: Cerianne Robertson
Author-X-Name-First: Cerianne
Author-X-Name-Last: Robertson
Title: Smarter than Smart: Rio de Janeiro's Flawed Emergence as a Smart City
Abstract:
“Smart cities” grew out of the realization that North American models of suburban development and central business district decline needed to be challenged with new paradigms. This movement began in the 1990s with ideas centered on smart growth and new urbanism. While initially restricted to small, wealthy cities, the ideas that emerged during this period combined with a vertiginous growth in information technologies to create software-driven urban managerial tools for major cities. The increasing “technologization” of urban systems that automatically replicate spatial dynamics has been on the agenda of urban scholars for some time. However, the relatively new paradigms of “whole system” implementation in large urban centers has not been the subject of robust critical engagement. The aim of this paper is to examine critically the implementation and functioning of two “smart cities” systems in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil as part of the city's broader preparations for hosting the 2014 FIFA World Cup and the 2016 Olympic Games.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 47-64
Issue: 3
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1102423
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1102423
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:3:p:47-64
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eva Kassens-Noor
Author-X-Name-First: Eva
Author-X-Name-Last: Kassens-Noor
Author-Name: Tatsuya Fukushige
Author-X-Name-First: Tatsuya
Author-X-Name-Last: Fukushige
Title: Olympic Technologies
Abstract:
The Olympic Games bring tremendous impacts to host cities, yet little attention has been paid to the variety and novelty in urban technologies that are introduced through the mega-event vehicle. This paper argues that urban transformation associated with the Olympic Games increasingly spans the technological sphere. As a path-breaker the Olympic bid of Tokyo foreshadows a technological revolution that will make the capital of Japan the most advanced urban technology metropolis in the world. This is significant, as this pioneer for the city of the future may yield many valuable insights given the rapid implementation and acceleration of technological innovation proceeding into 2020. Consequently, lessons on how this technology may impact our society can be derived.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 83-104
Issue: 3
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2016.1157949
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2016.1157949
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:3:p:83-104
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlos J.L. Balsas
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos J.L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Balsas
Title: Country Marketing and Planning Implications of the European Soccer Championship EURO 2004
Abstract:
Sports championships are major events capable of changing the image of cities and countries. Countries use these mega-events mostly to enhance economic development opportunities, to attract foreign investment, to generate tourism revenues, to regenerate parts of cities, and to increase the population’s self-esteem. However, the major boost seems to come from the marketing strategies. Host countries promote their images as modern, cosmopolitan, and attractive places, ideal to attract footloose capital. The EURO 2004 European Soccer Championship in Portugal was one such mega-event. Portugal constructed new and renovated old stadiums to host the championship. I argue that EURO 2004 was above all a country marketing strategy conducted by the political elite, supposedly with benefits for the country as a whole; nonetheless, the benefits had distinct geographical and societal impacts within a limited timeframe. The key finding is that the EURO 2004 belonged to the same category of events as the EXPO’98 and the Porto 2001, which helped change the image of Portugal, nationally and internationally; however, a constant reliance on mega-events to modernize and make a country more competitive is not sustainable in the long run.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 29-46
Issue: 3
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1284984
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1284984
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:3:p:29-46
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Junfeng Jiao
Author-X-Name-First: Junfeng
Author-X-Name-Last: Jiao
Author-Name: Michael Holmes
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Holmes
Author-Name: Greg P. Griffin
Author-X-Name-First: Greg P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Griffin
Title: Revisiting Image of the City in Cyberspace: Analysis of Spatial Twitter Messages During a Special Event
Abstract:
This research investigated people’s communication of urban space as reflected in Twitter messages (tweets) during the 2012 Super Bowl. The authors archived over 600,000 tweets related to the Super Bowl from January 23 through early February 6. The authors identified 78 Indianapolis-area places or routes named in the tweets. Based on occurrence of these terms, the authors retained 9,103 city-specific messages for analysis. The frequency of such tweets changed over the two-week period and peaked two days before game day. Instances of all of Lynch’s (1960) The Image of the City elements (node, district, landmark, path, and edge) were found in the tweets. While node-referencing terms were most common among the 78 spatial identifiers, district and landmark references were most common in the tweet sample. Edge references were almost non-existent and only occurred as named waterways. This research has implications for city-oriented social media monitoring efforts for future special events.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 65-82
Issue: 3
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1348881
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1348881
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:3:p:65-82
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: András Munkácsy
Author-X-Name-First: András
Author-X-Name-Last: Munkácsy
Author-Name: Andrés Monzón
Author-X-Name-First: Andrés
Author-X-Name-Last: Monzón
Title: Diffusion of Bike Sharing as an Innovation Vector in the City: The Case of BiciMAD (Madrid)
Abstract:
Bike sharing nowadays is a must-have element of the urban transport system that is changing mobility patterns in cities worldwide. BiciMAD, a fleet of bicycles with electric pedal-assistance (pedelecs)—introduced in the center of Madrid (Spain) in 2014—is an example of the latest generation. In this article, Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT) is adapted and applied as a framework to study data from a series of surveys among BiciMAD subscribers to describe adopter profiles and analyze attributes that influence the time of adoption, including an additional one: cycling familiarity. Empirical results are presented to show how an innovation (in terms of technology and service configuration on the level of a city) is dispersed. Conclusions show that smart bike sharing is an innovation vector in urban mobility, an attractive new travel mode for the identified adopter categories, namely (1) lifestyle cyclists, the venturesome and technology enthusiast Earliest Adopters, (2) dedicated cyclists, the rational and deliberate Early Majority, (3) leisure cyclists, the skeptical and peer-dependent Late Majority, and (4) fair-weather cyclists, the prudent Laggards.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-26
Issue: 3
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1483679
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1483679
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:3:p:1-26
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Wilson
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson
Title: From the Guest Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 27-28
Issue: 3
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1503467
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1503467
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:3:p:27-28
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tooran Alizadeh
Author-X-Name-First: Tooran
Author-X-Name-Last: Alizadeh
Title: Teleworkers' Characteristics in Live/Work Communities: Lessons from the United States and Australia
Abstract: This paper refers to the ambiguity that resides in over three decades of telework research and develops the concept of community-based teleworkers as people who work from home or community-based offices using telecommunications. It investigates three case studies of live/work communities in which different levels of collective telework facilities have been offered to support community-based telework. This investigation promotes further understanding of individual and work-related characteristics of community-based teleworkers, and opens discussion on their spatial preferences. Understanding these preferences could lead the future of live/work community design and planning to fully embrace this flexible work option in the information age.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 63-84
Issue: 3
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2011.642569
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2011.642569
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:3:p:63-84
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wei-Ju Huang
Author-X-Name-First: Wei-Ju
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang
Title: ICT-Oriented Urban Planning Strategies: A Case Study of Taipei City, Taiwan
Abstract: With the development of wireless technology and its infrastructure networks, information and communication technologies have become widely and deeply embedded in our daily lives. Technological and socioeconomic trends are gradually changing the concept of ICT-oriented urban planning strategies from the virtual city to the ubiquitous city. Many studies have tried to map the relationship between urban planning and ICT strategies, but how the means of implementation influence the outcomes of such strategies is lacking discussion. This study aims to establish an analytical framework for exploring the relationship between the means of implementation and the outcomes of such strategies. The ICT-oriented urban planning experience of Taipei City is used to test the limitations and application of the framework. The study finds that technological trends, physical infrastructure, ICT content, interface design, and user characteristics are key factors that subtly interrelate with each other and should be considered integral when initiating such strategies.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 41-61
Issue: 3
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2011.642570
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2011.642570
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:3:p:41-61
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alberte Martínez
Author-X-Name-First: Alberte
Author-X-Name-Last: Martínez
Title: Energy Innovation and Transport: The Electrification of Trams in Spain, 1896–1935
Abstract: The electrification of trams was one of the most significant changes in urban transport. It led to price reductions, increased speed, better regularity, comfort and convenience, and the popularization of this means of transport. Its introduction required a new business model, characterized by massive investment, modern management, and the use of more sophisticated technology. This innovation came late to Spain and its arrival was aided by capital from Belgian investors and German multinational corporations.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-24
Issue: 3
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2011.642571
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2011.642571
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:3:p:3-24
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kevin Desouza
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin
Author-X-Name-Last: Desouza
Author-Name: Akshay Bhagwatwar
Author-X-Name-First: Akshay
Author-X-Name-Last: Bhagwatwar
Title: Citizen Apps to Solve Complex Urban Problems
Abstract: Tackling complex urban problems requires us to examine and leverage diverse sources of information. Today, cities capture large amounts of information in real-time. Data are captured on transportation patterns, electricity and water consumption, citizen use of government services (e.g., parking meters), and even on weather events. Through open data initiatives, government agencies are making information available to citizens. In turn, citizens are building applications that exploit this information to solve local urban problems. Citizens are also building platforms where they can share information regarding government services. Information that was previously unavailable is now being used to gauge quality of services, choose services, and report illegal and unethical behaviors (e.g., requesting bribes). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper to examine the range of citizen applications (“citizen apps”) targeting urban issues and to address their effects on urban planning, decision-making, problem solving, and governance. We examine citizen apps that address a wide range of urban issues from those that solve public transportation challenges to those that improve the management of public utilities and services and even public safety.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 107-136
Issue: 3
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.673056
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.673056
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:3:p:107-136
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Lewis
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Lewis
Author-Name: Jeffrey Casello
Author-X-Name-First: Jeffrey
Author-X-Name-Last: Casello
Author-Name: Mark Groulx
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Groulx
Title: Effective Environmental Visualization for Urban Planning and Design: Interdisciplinary Reflections on a Rapidly Evolving Technology
Abstract: Visioning exercises using computer-based environmental visualization hold significant promise for communicating information and engaging communities in the development and review of planning proposals. The field of visualization research and practice has achieved significant advances in computer technology to the point where it is now possible to represent alternative planning and engineering scenarios with a high degree of photographic realism, data-driven accuracy, and spatial and temporal interactivity. However, the gap in our understanding of what static, video, and agent-based visualization technologies can do and how they should be applied to facilitate rather than frustrate participatory planning has expanded considerably. In the following discussion, the authors discuss the meaning and significance of effective visualization use for urban planning and design. Drawing on developments and principles from related disciplines where visualization tools are developed and applied (e.g., architecture, landscape architecture, resource management, transportation engineering) we present a case for minimum standards in visualization preparation and presentation, the use of “null alternative” scenarios for plan development and review, research to address the “perceptual effectiveness” of video-based formats, and collaborative technology development.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 85-106
Issue: 3
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.673057
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.673057
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:3:p:85-106
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Annicka Cettner
Author-X-Name-First: Annicka
Author-X-Name-Last: Cettner
Author-Name: Kristina Söderholm
Author-X-Name-First: Kristina
Author-X-Name-Last: Söderholm
Author-Name: Maria Viklander
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Viklander
Title: An Adaptive Stormwater Culture? Historical Perspectives on the Status of Stormwater within the Swedish Urban Water System
Abstract: The purpose of the article is to analyze a number of historical explanations behind the slow process of change in stormwater management in Swedish urban planning and practice. We achieve this by studying three different periods of the long-term establishment of the Swedish urban water system over the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, developments which were strongly linked to stormwater. The article recognizes the social construction of the system, i.e., how it grew out of human desires and how it grew extensively during the twentieth century due to an expansive growth of system-supporting public initiatives. These included funding opportunities as well as the establishment of different institutions and organizations. The analysis indicates that in their current efforts to transform urban stormwater management in a more sustainable direction, policymakers and implementers ought to be encouraged by an increased awareness of this social construction; what humans by their desires once built up, they should also be able to transform. Still, an important implication is also the need for such transforming efforts to determinately break away, both physically and mentally, from the traditional pipe-bound system and system culture.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 25-40
Issue: 3
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.673058
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.673058
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:3:p:25-40
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 3
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.744597
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.744597
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:3:p:1-2
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kheir Al-Kodmany
Author-X-Name-First: Kheir
Author-X-Name-Last: Al-Kodmany
Title: Sentient City: Ubiquitous Computing, Architecture, and the Future of Urban Space
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 137-140
Issue: 3
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.744599
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.744599
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:3:p:137-140
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hazel Edwards
Author-X-Name-First: Hazel
Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards
Title: Urban Modernity: Cultural Innovation in the Second Industrial Revolution
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 140-144
Issue: 3
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.744601
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.744601
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:3:p:140-144
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard E. Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 1
Volume: 26
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2019.1567196
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2019.1567196
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:26:y:2019:i:1:p:1-2
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Joss
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Joss
Author-Name: Frans Sengers
Author-X-Name-First: Frans
Author-X-Name-Last: Sengers
Author-Name: Daan Schraven
Author-X-Name-First: Daan
Author-X-Name-Last: Schraven
Author-Name: Federico Caprotti
Author-X-Name-First: Federico
Author-X-Name-Last: Caprotti
Author-Name: Youri Dayot
Author-X-Name-First: Youri
Author-X-Name-Last: Dayot
Title: The Smart City as Global Discourse: Storylines and Critical Junctures across 27 Cities
Abstract:
Despite its growing ubiquitous presence, the smart city continues to struggle for definitional clarity and practical import. In response, this study interrogates the smart city as global discourse network by examining a collection of key texts associated with cities worldwide. Using a list of 5,553 cities, a systematic webometric exercise was conducted to measure hit counts produced by searching for “smart city.” Consequently, 27 cities with the highest validated hit counts were selected. Next, 346 online texts were collected from among the top 20 hits across each of the selected cities, and analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively using AntConc software. The findings confirm, first, the presence of a strong globalizing narrative which emphasizes world cities as “best practice” models. Second, they reveal the smart city’s association—beyond the quest for incremental, technical improvements of current urban systems and processes—with a pronounced transformative governance agenda. The article identifies five critical junctures at the heart of the evolving smart city discourse regime; these shed light on the ongoing boundary work in which the smart city is engaged and which contain significant unresolved tensions. The paper concludes with a discussion of resulting implications for research, policy, and practice.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-34
Issue: 1
Volume: 26
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1558387
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1558387
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:26:y:2019:i:1:p:3-34
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Cooper
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooper
Author-Name: Theo Tryfonas
Author-X-Name-First: Theo
Author-X-Name-Last: Tryfonas
Author-Name: Tom Crick
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: Crick
Author-Name: Alex Marsh
Author-X-Name-First: Alex
Author-X-Name-Last: Marsh
Title: Electric Vehicle Mobility-as-a-Service: Exploring the “Tri-Opt” of Novel Private Transport Business Models
Abstract:
Three distinct trends have emerged that have disrupted the dominance of privately owned, combustion-powered car transport in the United Kingdom. First, the electric powertrain has emerged as an affordable means of transport, addressing various existing environmental concerns; second, new models of car ownership are developing, particularly in urban areas; third, the growth of “smart city” thinking emphasizes capitalizing on increased connectivity and data availability to create value. We define the combination of these three trends as the “tri-opt” of private transport—three disruptors that should not be considered in isolation but as interacting, an inflection of the “Energy Trilemma.” This paper applies systems thinking and a mixed methodology of workshops, interviews, and systems modeling to the UK city of Bristol’s Smart EV Transport Hub project to identify concepts that positively combine two or more of these three “opts.” We demonstrate that there are many synergistic overlaps and that combinations potentially create significant value, with use cases that the current literature has explored the least are of the greatest perceived value. We thus recommend that public–private sector collaboration in private transport—particularly at the intersection of electric vehicles, smart cities, and mobility-as-a-service—is prioritized for further investigation.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 35-56
Issue: 1
Volume: 26
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1553096
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1553096
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:26:y:2019:i:1:p:35-56
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Allen J. Scott
Author-X-Name-First: Allen J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott
Title: Land Redevelopment and the Built Environment in Third-Wave Cities: Review and Synthesis
Abstract:
I seek to synthesize several different approaches to issues of urban land redevelopment and the built environment. The essay focuses on developments in the third and current historical wave of capitalist development. I describe the economic logic of land-use change with reference to both commercial and residential property. This logic has become intimately intertwined with global finance and this state of affairs has introduced new elements of fluidity and risk into the built environment. Issues of urban policy and the role of municipal authorities in shaping urban land markets are then considered. I describe how local government agencies increasingly pursue development projects in complex partnerships with representatives of the real-estate industry. In the second half of the paper, the overall argument is recast by reference to three important trends in regard to land-redevelopment and the built environment in third-wave cities, namely, the economic and architectural renaissance of central business districts, the widespread gentrification of inner-city neighborhoods, and the emergence of a new post-suburban phase of peripheral urban expansion.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 57-81
Issue: 1
Volume: 26
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1537050
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1537050
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:26:y:2019:i:1:p:57-81
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jake R. Nelson
Author-X-Name-First: Jake R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Nelson
Author-Name: Tony H. Grubesic
Author-X-Name-First: Tony H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Grubesic
Author-Name: Danielle Wallace
Author-X-Name-First: Danielle
Author-X-Name-Last: Wallace
Author-Name: Alyssa W. Chamberlain
Author-X-Name-First: Alyssa W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Chamberlain
Title: The View from Above: A Survey of the Public’s Perception of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Privacy
Abstract:
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are becoming increasingly popular, both for hobbyists and within the commercial, industrial, and military sectors. Approximately one million new UAVs have been registered in the United States, with the majority being recreational UAVs. This growth of UAV activity and their increasingly common public presence engenders a wide variety of opinions, perceptions, and concerns among individuals about UAVs, particularly concerning personal privacy. Drawing from the privacy and emerging technology literature, the purpose of this paper is to identify how individuals’ perceptions of privacy explain their attitudes on the use of UAVs and whether this aligns with what we would expect from an emerging technology. Utilizing Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (MTurk) for survey delivery to 2,108 respondents we conducted a descriptive statistical analysis of response frequency and t-tests of group mean differences. The results suggest that individuals who use UAVs, maintain a familiarity with the capabilities of UAVs, and have a basic understanding of UAV regulations, are somewhat less concerned about the growing presence of UAVs as it relates to privacy than individuals who are generally unfamiliar with UAVs, their capabilities, and UAV regulations. Policy implications of these results are discussed.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 83-105
Issue: 1
Volume: 26
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1551106
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1551106
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:26:y:2019:i:1:p:83-105
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kathryn Barber
Author-X-Name-First: Kathryn
Author-X-Name-Last: Barber
Author-Name: Duncan MacLellan
Author-X-Name-First: Duncan
Author-X-Name-Last: MacLellan
Title: Examining Open Data at the Urban Level: An Exploration of “Wellbeing Toronto”
Abstract:
This paper examines how Wellbeing Toronto (WT)—a free, open data, GIS tool that allows users to map information—has evolved into an extensive data repository with robust data analysis capabilities. Explored is the progress of open data scholarship in relation to municipal government and civic participation. Based on this, the authors note the following: (1) as open data becomes increasingly prevalent, a more varied understanding of the organization and structure of municipal government may emerge. (2) There is a need for measures of civic engagement to move beyond data co-production towards an organization-based interactive approach.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 107-121
Issue: 1
Volume: 26
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1558573
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1558573
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:26:y:2019:i:1:p:107-121
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Romanos
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Romanos
Title: Seeing the Better City: How to Explore, Observe, and Improve Urban Space
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 123-125
Issue: 1
Volume: 26
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1558648
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1558648
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:26:y:2019:i:1:p:123-125
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nehal El-Hadi
Author-X-Name-First: Nehal
Author-X-Name-Last: El-Hadi
Title: Culture in Networks
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 126-128
Issue: 1
Volume: 26
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1558642
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1558642
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:26:y:2019:i:1:p:126-128
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jared Enriquez
Author-X-Name-First: Jared
Author-X-Name-Last: Enriquez
Title: The Future of the Suburban City: Lessons from Sustaining Phoenix
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 128-131
Issue: 1
Volume: 26
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1558643
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1558643
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:26:y:2019:i:1:p:128-131
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard E. Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 2
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2016.1208484
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2016.1208484
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:2:p:1-2
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rui Mu
Author-X-Name-First: Rui
Author-X-Name-Last: Mu
Author-Name: Niek Mouter
Author-X-Name-First: Niek
Author-X-Name-Last: Mouter
Author-Name: Martin de Jong
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: de Jong
Title: Strategic Use of Analytical Information in Transport Planning in China: How Is It Different from Western Democracies?
Abstract:
Theory on the strategic use of knowledge in planning large infrastructure projects is comparatively well-developed in the fields of public policy and urban/transport planning for Western democracies. But how policymakers make use of knowledge and what position policy analysts hold in non-Western countries still remains largely unknown territory in the literature. This article begins to explore this topic by studying two urban transport projects in the Chinese city of Dalian. Based on empirical evidence, the article concludes with a number of preliminary but notable differences between Western countries and China in terms of the administrative mechanisms underlying the strategic use of knowledge in policymaking. We found that Chinese institutional incentives with regard to cadre evaluation and promotion channels largely constitute the motivation of politicians to use knowledge strategically. Additionally, the wider social and administrative cultures in China, including a command-and-control tradition and a high level of power distance create a basis for the strategic use of information as well as the manipulation of analytical data.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-22
Issue: 2
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1102424
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1102424
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:2:p:3-22
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xueming Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Xueming
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Lin Lin
Author-X-Name-First: Lin
Author-X-Name-Last: Lin
Title: The Integration of Air and Rail Technologies: Shanghai's Hongqiao Integrated Transport Hub
Abstract:
This paper examines the different approaches to integrating air and rail technologies and their services at the Shanghai Hongqiao Integrated Transport Hub (“the Hongqiao Hub”) in China. Even though the Hongqiao Hub has the advantage of having both an airport and a railway station located at the same place, its level of air-rail integration remains at a low or moderate level. By analyzing existing air and rail services and potential travel demands, this paper recommends further streamlining the relationships among the Shanghai Airport Authority, the Shanghai Railway Bureau, and airline companies by fostering air-rail integration through the improvement of joint ticketing and code-sharing, direct luggage transfer, the provision of the fast and convenient connection from the Hongqiao International Airport to the Pudong International Airport, and air-rail linkage service area expansion.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 23-46
Issue: 2
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1102418
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1102418
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:2:p:23-46
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul D. Mullins
Author-X-Name-First: Paul D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mullins
Author-Name: Sofia T. Shwayri
Author-X-Name-First: Sofia T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Shwayri
Title: Green Cities and “IT839”: A New Paradigm for Economic Growth in South Korea
Abstract:
The Korean government, like many in Asia, is actively building green cities from scratch—the most famous being Sejong, Songdo, and Cheongna. All these are considered models of green cities and are characterized by similar networked smart technological systems. This research builds on recent scholarly discourse by Anthony Townsend on smart technologies and urban planning, and Sofia T. Shwayri and Simon Joss on the “ubiquitous-eco-city” phenomena in Korea. In particular, it aims to extend Shwayri's hypothesis that the model is developed for export by uncovering the goals of the green city model actors. By tracing the national government's economic growth ICT strategy—“IT839”—and its key industry stakeholders, KT Telecommunications, this paper illuminates how Korea's green city model is being driven by an agenda of horizontal technology transfer in which the government has aimed to extend its traditional markets, and create a new paradigm for economic growth.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 47-64
Issue: 2
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1102825
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1102825
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:2:p:47-64
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Santiago Mejía-Dugand
Author-X-Name-First: Santiago
Author-X-Name-Last: Mejía-Dugand
Title: The Evolution of Sweden's Urban Sustainability Marketing Tool: A Comparative Study of Two Major International Events
Abstract:
In this article, some of the obstacles for translating urban imaginaries and urban sustainability concepts based on technological interventions are analyzed. This analysis is built on experiences from the World Urban Forum 7 in Medellín, Colombia held in April 2014 and uses previous attempts to explore the production of imaginaries at play in the performance of SymbioCity, an urban development concept with a symbiosis tint created by the Swedish Trade Council. Through documenting the role of physical and non-physical messages from the Swedish delegation and its exhibition, along with numerous interviews with key actors at the conference and from the city's administration, an analysis of the current strategies used to promote the tool is provided. The claim that induced idealized urban futures sap energy and result in poor achievement of the goals is used to suggest that context and current conditions influence the ability to understand and adopt technological solutions. The conclusions are centered on the fact that SymbioCity, for the most part, is trying to sell products or services that are difficult to see and understand from the perspective of cities-customers, since most of these consist of invisible (i.e., energy), or hidden loops (i.e., waste and water). It is argued that there are contextual and historical conditions that are crucial for the decision to implement them that are, at least implicitly, expressed by the targeted cities-customers, and that the SymbioCity concept, or at least the way it is communicated in these fora, has undergone a change, in the sense that it has become more flexible and allowed for bottom-up considerations to enter the discourse.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 65-80
Issue: 2
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1102422
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1102422
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:2:p:65-80
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Oswald Devisch
Author-X-Name-First: Oswald
Author-X-Name-Last: Devisch
Author-Name: Alenka Poplin
Author-X-Name-First: Alenka
Author-X-Name-Last: Poplin
Author-Name: Simona Sofronie
Author-X-Name-First: Simona
Author-X-Name-Last: Sofronie
Title: The Gamification of Civic Participation: Two Experiments in Improving the Skills of Citizens to Reflect Collectively on Spatial Issues
Abstract:
For civic participation to lead to sustainable civic engagement, participants need to go through a process of collective reflection. Games have been put forward as tools to support this process. The commercialization of the Internet, mobile communication devices, and sensing technologies precipitated a substantial increase in the development and use of games, gamified environments, and playful experiences, to the extent that scholars speak of the gamification of society. The goal of this paper is to investigate the potential of gamification to improve the skills of citizens to reflect collectively on spatial issues in their daily environment. The paper presents two gamification experiments; B3-Design your Marketplace! and Cure for the Campus. It discusses the extent to which they support collective reflection operationalized as a process during which the players are triggered to (1) observe their environment; (2) categorize their observations; and (3) structure these categories. It analyzes the first results gained based on these two cases and discusses their limitations and further research directions.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 81-102
Issue: 2
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1102419
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1102419
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:2:p:81-102
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fábio Duarte
Author-X-Name-First: Fábio
Author-X-Name-Last: Duarte
Title: Disassembling Bike-Sharing Systems: Surveillance, Advertising, and the Social Inequalities of a Global Technological Assemblage
Abstract:
The rapid expansion of bike-share systems worldwide has been praised as a sign of the environmental movement, with positive consequences for transportation, the economy, and health in urban areas. But is it really possible that politicians, information-technology companies, and global players such as banks and advertising firms have suddenly joined the ranks of those advocating bicycle use for the sake of the environment and a better quality of life in cities? Bike-share systems, like any other artifact, are a technological assemblage formed by technical, cultural, economic, and social factors and actors. When this assemblage stabilizes and is socially accepted, debate cools down and some unresolved features are put aside. We argue that disassembly of the bike-share system, highlighting the use of electronic keys, credit cards, and the strategic location of docks in upmarket urban areas, may enable us to unveil some of its features and reveal a more complex sociotechnical assemblage.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 103-115
Issue: 2
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1102421
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1102421
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:2:p:103-115
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Samia Rab Kirchner
Author-X-Name-First: Samia
Author-X-Name-Last: Rab Kirchner
Title: Under Construction: Logics of Urbanism in the Gulf Region
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 117-120
Issue: 2
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1116830
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1116830
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:2:p:117-120
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Evangeline Linkous
Author-X-Name-First: Evangeline
Author-X-Name-Last: Linkous
Title: Next Generation Infrastructure: Principles for Post-Industrial Public Works
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 120-123
Issue: 2
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1116829
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1116829
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:2:p:120-123
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Corrigendum
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: iii-iii
Issue: 2
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2016.1187898
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2016.1187898
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:2:p:iii-iii
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ricky Robinson
Author-X-Name-First: Ricky
Author-X-Name-Last: Robinson
Author-Name: Markus Rittenbruch
Author-X-Name-First: Markus
Author-X-Name-Last: Rittenbruch
Author-Name: Marcus Foth
Author-X-Name-First: Marcus
Author-X-Name-Last: Foth
Author-Name: Daniel Filonik
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Filonik
Author-Name: Stephen Viller
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen
Author-X-Name-Last: Viller
Title: Street Computing: Towards an Integrated Open Data Application Programming Interface (API) for Cities
Abstract: This special issue of the Journal of Urban Technology brings together five articles that are based on presentations given at the Street Computing Workshop held on 24 November 2009 in Melbourne in conjunction with the Australian Computer-Human Interaction conference (OZCHI 2009). Our own article introduces the Street Computing vision and explores the potential, challenges, and foundations of this research trajectory. In order to do so, we first look at the currently available sources of information and discuss their link to existing research efforts. Section 2 then introduces the notion of Street Computing and our research approach in more detail. Section 3 looks beyond the core concept itself and summarizes related work in this field of interest. We conclude by introducing the papers that have been contributed to this special issue.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-23
Issue: 2
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.698064
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.698064
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:2:p:1-23
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Moere
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Moere
Author-Name: Dan Hill
Author-X-Name-First: Dan
Author-X-Name-Last: Hill
Title: Designing for the Situated and Public Visualization of Urban Data
Abstract: This paper investigates the concept of urban visualization, the visual representation of an urban environment through its intrinsic or related data, where its display is also situated within that physical environment. It describes how the principles behind public and urban displays can be combined with those of social visualization and persuasive computing in order to create discursive as well as pictorial representations that provide a better and potentially actionable understanding of urban issues to its inhabitants. We introduce the role of several related research fields, and analyze a set of representative case studies, taken from current best practice, academic research studies, and an experimental design studio course to highlight the typical issues involved in conceptualizing and implementing an urban visualization. Lastly, the paper proposes a set of design constraints that typically characterize an urban visualization, in order to guide the future design and evaluation of useful applications within the field.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 25-46
Issue: 2
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.698065
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.698065
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:2:p:25-46
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Flora Salim
Author-X-Name-First: Flora
Author-X-Name-Last: Salim
Title: Probing Streets and the Built Environment with Ambient and Community Sensing
Abstract: Data has become an important currency in today's world economy. Ephemeral and real-time data from Twitter, Facebook, Google, urban sensors, weather stations, and the Web contain hidden patterns of the city that are useful for informing architectural and urban design. However, often data required for informing a particular building or urban project is not available. In order to gather local and real-time data of the city, sensor devices, which are now embedded in today's urban infrastructures, buildings, vehicles, and mobile phones, have become useful tools for probing streets and the built environment. The proliferations of low-cost microcontrollers that leverage physical computing have also made sensor devices more accessible and easier to configure. The wealth of data from these sensors, if aggregated, synthesized, and analyzed, has the potential to increase our understanding of human and social behaviors in the city. This paper presents a number of projects which use ambient or community sensing to probe streets and the built environment in order to capture real-time and historical data that are pertinent to specific urban contexts. The data that was further analyzed could be used to better inform various stakeholders of the city in their decision-making processes, such as to assist travelers navigating the city by providing informed choices or to help architects or planners identify better design options in architectural or urban design, building retrofits, or new urban intervention projects.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 47-67
Issue: 2
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.698066
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.698066
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:2:p:47-67
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Georgina Voss
Author-X-Name-First: Georgina
Author-X-Name-Last: Voss
Author-Name: Natasha Carolan
Author-X-Name-First: Natasha
Author-X-Name-Last: Carolan
Title: User-Led Design in the Urban/Domestic Environment
Abstract: Urban spaces are pervaded by interpretive and reactive technologies that shape and are shaped by its inhabitants, with an increasingly active role for citizen technologists. Yet the role of domestic spaces in shaping lived experience within the urban environment, and subsequent technological interventions, is often overlooked. Homes are framed as closed-off environments which isolate their inhabitants from the city, despite being porous spaces that are also filled with ubiquitous computing. In this paper we draw on the participatory design and user innovation literatures to present the methodology for the “Homesense” research project that explored how users design and develop “smart” technologies within their own homes, based on the intersection of their concurrent urban/domestic lived experience. Kits of open-source hardware were used as cultural probes, and co-located “lead users” provided technical expertise. This methodology demonstrates the importance of physical space and location in user-led domestic activities, and of combinations of technical and “lived” expertise in developing these interventions.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 69-87
Issue: 2
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.698067
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.698067
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:2:p:69-87
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kristian Kloeckl
Author-X-Name-First: Kristian
Author-X-Name-Last: Kloeckl
Author-Name: Oliver Senn
Author-X-Name-First: Oliver
Author-X-Name-Last: Senn
Author-Name: Carlo Ratti
Author-X-Name-First: Carlo
Author-X-Name-Last: Ratti
Title: Enabling the Real-Time City: LIVE Singapore!
Abstract: The increasing pervasiveness of urban systems and networks utilizing digital technologies for their operation generates enormous amounts of digital traces capable of reflecting in real-time how people make use of space and infrastructures in the city. This is not only transforming how we study, design, and manage cities but opens up new possibilities for tools that give people access to up-to-date information about urban dynamics, allowing them to take decisions that are more in sync with their environment. This paper documents the ongoing LIVE Singapore! project which explores the development of an open platform for the collection, elaboration and distribution of a large and growing number of different kinds of real-time data that originate in a city. Inspired by recent data.gov initiatives, the platform is structured to become itself a tool for developer communities, allowing them to analyze data and write applications that create links between a city's different real-time data streams, offering new insights and services to citizens. Being a compact island based city-state metropolis, Singapore offers a unique context for this study. This paper addresses the value of stream data for city planning and management as well as modalities to give citizens meaningful access to large amounts of data capable of informing their decisions. We describe the technology context within which this project is framed, illustrate the requirements and the architecture of the open real-time data platform to serve as a base for programming the city, and finally we present and discuss the first platform prototype (using real-world data from operators of cellphone networks, taxi fleet, public transport, sea port, airport, and others). Based on this prototype a public showcasing of the project was staged in April 2011 at the Singapore Art Museum and the visual data analytics generated are illustrated in the paper. Finally, we draw some conclusions of technical as well as organizational nature regarding the challenges we faced when working in new ways with real-world, real-time data streams in an urban context that will help inform further development of our as well as of related projects in progressing in disclosing the potential of the wealth of digital data generated by urban systems, networks, and infrastructures.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 89-112
Issue: 2
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.698068
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.698068
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:2:p:89-112
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard E. Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 3
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2016.1225436
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2016.1225436
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:3:p:1-2
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zachary R. Simoni
Author-X-Name-First: Zachary R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Simoni
Author-Name: Philip Gibson
Author-X-Name-First: Philip
Author-X-Name-Last: Gibson
Author-Name: Shelia R Cotten
Author-X-Name-First: Shelia R
Author-X-Name-Last: Cotten
Author-Name: Kristi Stringer
Author-X-Name-First: Kristi
Author-X-Name-Last: Stringer
Author-Name: LaToya O. Coleman
Author-X-Name-First: LaToya O.
Author-X-Name-Last: Coleman
Title: Does Place Matter? The Effects of Concentrated Poverty on the Computer Use of Elementary Students
Abstract:
For several decades, scholars have investigated technological inequality within American society. These studies have focused on individual-level predictors of computer use such as income, education, and technological skills. Although these individual-level inequities are important contributors of technological inequalities, they neglect the importance of place, including neighborhood-level factors such as median income, racial composition, and educational attainment. The purpose of this study is to address this gap in the current literature by examining neighborhood-level effects of concentrated poverty on the trajectory of computer use (the change in computer use over a one-year period). Data were collected from fourth and fifth grade classrooms from two data points in a public school district in a mid-sized city in the southeastern United States. Results indicate that measures of concentrated poverty have an influence on the trajectory of computer use among elementary students. These findings suggest that social inequalities at the neighborhood level need to be addressed to further eliminate the digital divide in computer use among elementary students.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-21
Issue: 3
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1073901
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1073901
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:3:p:3-21
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fania Valeria Michelucci
Author-X-Name-First: Fania Valeria
Author-X-Name-Last: Michelucci
Author-Name: Alberto De Marco
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto
Author-X-Name-Last: De Marco
Author-Name: Adriano Tanda
Author-X-Name-First: Adriano
Author-X-Name-Last: Tanda
Title: Defining the Role of the Smart-City Manager: An Analysis of Responsibilities and Skills
Abstract:
Increasing social problems are challenging public administrations to adopt new strategies in order to create smarter cities. With regard to this, some cities have created a dedicated organizational unit focused on planning and implementation of Smart City (SC) projects, led by an SC Manager. However, the SC Manager’s responsibilities and curricula remain overlooked. The objective of this paper is to theoretically explore the role of the SC Manager in municipalities and to analyze their main responsibilities and skills. Based on an empirical questionnaire administered to public managers and politicians, a Responsibility Index (RI) is defined to identify the domains under the responsibility of the newly-established role of SC Manager. The questionnaire is also an opportunity for understanding the main competencies and skills required through a factor analysis and qualitative investigation of the responses.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 23-42
Issue: 3
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2016.1164439
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2016.1164439
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:3:p:23-42
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: José-Miguel Fernández-Güell
Author-X-Name-First: José-Miguel
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández-Güell
Author-Name: Marta Collado-Lara
Author-X-Name-First: Marta
Author-X-Name-Last: Collado-Lara
Author-Name: Silvia Guzmán-Araña
Author-X-Name-First: Silvia
Author-X-Name-Last: Guzmán-Araña
Author-Name: Victoria Fernández-Añez
Author-X-Name-First: Victoria
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández-Añez
Title: Incorporating a Systemic and Foresight Approach into Smart City Initiatives: The Case of Spanish Cities
Abstract:
At the dawn of the twenty-first century, cities face serious societal, economic, environmental, and governance challenges. Under the term “Smart City,” numerous technology-based initiatives are emerging to help cities face contemporary challenges while the concept itself is evolving towards a more holistic approach. Nevertheless, the capability of smart initiatives to provide an integrated vision of our cities is still very limited. Eventually, many of these initiatives do not fulfill satisfactorily their initial objectives because they fail to understand the complexity, diversity, and uncertainty that characterize contemporary cities. The purpose of this paper is twofold: to display an urban functional system, capable of interpreting the city in a more holistic way, and to incorporate foresight tools so as to formulate Smart City visions in a more participatory way with the involvement of local stakeholders.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 43-67
Issue: 3
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2016.1164441
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2016.1164441
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:3:p:43-67
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wayne Williamson
Author-X-Name-First: Wayne
Author-X-Name-Last: Williamson
Author-Name: Kristian Ruming
Author-X-Name-First: Kristian
Author-X-Name-Last: Ruming
Title: Using Social Network Analysis to Visualize the Social-Media Networks of Community Groups: Two Case Studies from Sydney
Abstract:
Community participation in planning is generally considered crucial for the delivery of positive outcomes; however, the network structures that can be created by community groups that use social media and participate in the network are not widely understood. This paper explores the use of social media, specifically Twitter, by two community groups in Sydney. In the context of this study, community groups are self-created and organized groups of citizens that form to oppose a proposal to amend planning controls for a specific site. Employing the research technique of Social Network Analysis (SNA), this paper seeks to visualize community group social media networks, as well as understand who is connected and who is participating within the networks. For the two community groups investigated, it was found that they do not attract large numbers of friends and followers on Twitter and key stakeholders play a passive listening role in the networks.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 69-89
Issue: 3
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2016.1197490
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2016.1197490
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:3:p:69-89
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Weiyang Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Weiyang
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Ben Derudder
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Derudder
Author-Name: Jianghao Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Jianghao
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Wei Shen
Author-X-Name-First: Wei
Author-X-Name-Last: Shen
Author-Name: Frank Witlox
Author-X-Name-First: Frank
Author-X-Name-Last: Witlox
Title: Using Location-Based Social Media to Chart the Patterns of People Moving between Cities: The Case of Weibo-Users in the Yangtze River Delta
Abstract:
Urban-geographical research using location-based social media (LBSM) has itself been characterized by uneven geographies in that most studies deal with Europe and North America. This implies a relative dearth of studies focusing on countries such as China, and this in spite of the country having the largest number of Internet users in the world. This paper proposes to address this lacuna by showing the research potential of LBSM services associated with Weibo, by far the most popular online social microblogging and networking service in China. To this end, we map inter-city connections within the Yangtze River Delta based on three million individuals’ space-time footprints derived from Weibo. Empirical results reveal that the inter-city connections derived from Weibo present both common and specific spatial patterns associated with inter-city travel. We find that a small percentage of cities and city-dyads constitute the backbone of this inter-city network. The dominant direction of individual flows tends to be from primary cities to sub-primary cities, and from peripheral cities to primary cities. In addition, city-dyad connectivities do not strictly follow cities’ positions in terms of their centralities in the hierarchical distribution. Furthermore, the effects of administrative boundaries and cities’ administrative level are significant. We benchmark these insights by re-examining our findings against the backdrop of polycentric developments in the Yangtze River Delta, which confirms the potential usefulness of LBSM data for analyzing urban-geographical patterns.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 91-111
Issue: 3
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2016.1177259
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2016.1177259
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:3:p:91-111
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Beauregard
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Beauregard
Title: Sustainable Urban Metabolism / The Fabric of Space: Water, Modernity, and the Urban Imagination
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 113-117
Issue: 3
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2016.1227121
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2016.1227121
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:3:p:113-117
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard E. Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 3
Volume: 26
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2019.1637132
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2019.1637132
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:26:y:2019:i:3:p:1-2
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hae Young Yun
Author-X-Name-First: Hae Young
Author-X-Name-Last: Yun
Author-Name: Christopher Zegras
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Zegras
Author-Name: Daniel Heriberto Palencia Arreola
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel Heriberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Palencia Arreola
Title: “Digitalizing Walkability”: Comparing Smartphone-Based and Web-Based Approaches to Measuring Neighborhood Walkability in Singapore
Abstract:
We evaluated two digitally enabled approaches to measuring neighborhood walkability: a smartphone-based, on-site pedestrian environmental audit tool, WalkTracker (WTracker), and remote, Web-based (Web) observations. Specifically, we examined street segments and intersections of a neighborhood in Singapore assessing: (1) the Inter-Rater Reliability (IRR) of each approach; (2) the Inter-Method Reliability (IMR) across the two approaches; and (3) the average observation times of the two approaches. Each approach had high IRR for the land use and traffic-related domains, with the Web performing better than WTracker for land use. In these same two domains, the two tools were relatively consistent (high IMR), although higher agreement was found within the tools than across them (IRR higher than IMR). For subjective or fine-grained features, both approaches had low IRR, with the Web-based approach performing worse than the app-based approach. Performance across the instruments was also worse than the reliability of measurements within each instrument (IMR lower than IRR). Some items were not observable via the Web. In terms of observation time, there was no statistically significant time difference in measurements between the two observation methods, not including the round-trip travel time to the site. A hybrid approach, combining the two approaches, might be most appropriate.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-43
Issue: 3
Volume: 26
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2019.1625016
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2019.1625016
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:26:y:2019:i:3:p:3-43
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aaron Steinfeld
Author-X-Name-First: Aaron
Author-X-Name-Last: Steinfeld
Author-Name: Leslie Bloomfield
Author-X-Name-First: Leslie
Author-X-Name-Last: Bloomfield
Author-Name: Sarah Amick
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah
Author-X-Name-Last: Amick
Author-Name: Yun Huang
Author-X-Name-First: Yun
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang
Author-Name: Will Odom
Author-X-Name-First: Will
Author-X-Name-Last: Odom
Author-Name: Qian Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Qian
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Author-Name: John Zimmerman
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Zimmerman
Title: Increasing Access to Transit: Localized Mobile Information
Abstract:
While several studies note the challenges that people with disabilities face when using public transit, little work has investigated how mobile transit information apps affect accessibility. To address this gap, we recruited transit riders who are blind, who have low vision, who use mobility devices, and who have no disabilities. We asked them to use a transit information app, Tiramisu, for 21 days during their regular travel. We observed participants struggling with a number of barriers that had previously been reported. However, the localized transit information also removed barriers to travel; we observed participants engaging in less preplanning and more opportunistic travel. We also identified new opportunities to improve transit use through mobile information.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 45-64
Issue: 3
Volume: 26
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2019.1614896
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2019.1614896
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:26:y:2019:i:3:p:45-64
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jiabin Gao
Author-X-Name-First: Jiabin
Author-X-Name-Last: Gao
Author-Name: Wenze Yue
Author-X-Name-First: Wenze
Author-X-Name-Last: Yue
Author-Name: Xinyue Ye
Author-X-Name-First: Xinyue
Author-X-Name-Last: Ye
Author-Name: Dong Li
Author-X-Name-First: Dong
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Title: Identification of Potential Over-Supply Zones of Urban Shopping Malls: Integration of Crowdsourced Data and Weighted Voronoi Diagram
Abstract:
The market saturation issue of urban shopping malls has attracted considerable attention in China in recent years. In order to rapidly identify potential over-supply zones and inform policy-makers, this study developed a new model by integrating a weighted Voronoi diagram and crowdsourced data. The model was then tested in the city of Hangzhou, China. First, crowdsourced data such as user reviews of shopping were collected to measure the weights of malls. Second, by using population and floor space as parameters, an over-supply index was established for over-supply zone delimitation. This study offers a fast and low-cost approach for measuring consumption activities at a fine scale, and shows the merits of integrating classical analysis models and big data. Moreover, long-term user reviews and recommendation datasets with timestamps could be used to monitor the status of market health. From a bottom-up perspective, the market boundary map and over-supply index could constitute an important database for policy formulation through crowdsourced data.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 65-79
Issue: 3
Volume: 26
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2019.1595991
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2019.1595991
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:26:y:2019:i:3:p:65-79
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carles Méndez-Ortega
Author-X-Name-First: Carles
Author-X-Name-Last: Méndez-Ortega
Author-Name: Josep-Maria Arauzo-Carod
Author-X-Name-First: Josep-Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Arauzo-Carod
Title: Locating Software, Video Game, and Editing Electronics Firms: Using Microgeographic Data to Study Barcelona
Abstract:
This paper analyzes location patterns of software, video game, and editing electronics firms (hereafter SVE) in the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona using microgeographic data. These industries are mainly attracted by agglomeration economies look to benefit from skilled labor and spillover effects, and tend to cluster in large metropolitan areas. However, less is known about their detailed location patterns inside these areas. We contribute to the empirical literature by identifying how SVE firms are concentrated in some core areas of the metropolitan area. Our empirical application includes using the Nearest Neighbor Index (NNI) and M-functions, as well as local spatial autocorrelation indicators.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 81-109
Issue: 3
Volume: 26
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2019.1613866
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2019.1613866
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:26:y:2019:i:3:p:81-109
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alan Wiig
Author-X-Name-First: Alan
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiig
Title: Incentivized Urbanization in Philadelphia: The Local Politics of Globalized Zones
Abstract:
Today, establishing zones for globally-oriented free enterprise is a common strategy of post-industrial urban revitalization and economic development. These large-scale projects typically operate through neoliberal governance and planning that facilitates undemocratic control and privatized administration of the zones. With a case study of the Philadelphia Navy Yard, this paper argues that these spaces embody a “non-plan” of competitive capitalist urbanization governed by and for global firms. However, the present-absence of municipal and state-level oversight itself represents a political decision, to provide place-based incentives without then managing this process. The Navy Yard allowed an unelected public–private partnership to determine how to best use the space, while also offering significant, publicly funded tax subsidies. Although lauded as “successful” by city politicians, the Navy Yard’s publicly-funded private benefit did little to reduce longstanding divides in the city, furthering a new era of spatial and political fragmentation.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 111-129
Issue: 3
Volume: 26
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2019.1573628
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2019.1573628
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:26:y:2019:i:3:p:111-129
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yongjun Shin
Author-X-Name-First: Yongjun
Author-X-Name-Last: Shin
Author-Name: Dong-Hee Shin
Author-X-Name-First: Dong-Hee
Author-X-Name-Last: Shin
Title: Community Informatics and the New Urbanism: Incorporating Information and Communication Technologies into Planning Integrated Urban Communities
Abstract: The growing development of information and communication technologies (ICTs) has influenced the use of urban spaces. People tend to depreciate physical place, while they extend structures of associational life beyond geographic limitation and focus on a place-less, networked form of human relationship as community. On the other hand, urban spaces are strategically designed and developed with the help of technological innovation to boost local tourism, draw global investment, and effectively control the public. This study deals with this technology-driven, bifurcated, urban spatial transformation. First, we discuss what drives such change and how the use of ICTs affects the way people use urban spaces. Based on this assessment, we address a normative use of ICTs for community-based urban planning. For this, we provide the concept, Community Informatics-Supported New Urbanism (CI-NU), which basically suggests ways of collaboration between community informatics practitioners and new urbanists to accomplish their shared goals of integrated community development.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 23-42
Issue: 1
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.626698
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.626698
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:1:p:23-42
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wayne Williamson
Author-X-Name-First: Wayne
Author-X-Name-Last: Williamson
Author-Name: Bruno Parolin
Author-X-Name-First: Bruno
Author-X-Name-Last: Parolin
Title: Review of Web-Based Communications for Town Planning in Local Government
Abstract: This paper looks at web-based communication for planning in local government. Despite communication with the community being an integral part of local government functions, the types of communication being used are rarely monitored or analyzed. This paper provides a comparative snapshot of the types of web-based communication being employed by local government in New South Wales, Australia, and investigates its correlation against a social index as well as planning staff and development activity statistics. The paper concludes with a discussion of how third-party hosting of websites and discussion forums are extending communication channels.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 43-63
Issue: 1
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.626702
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.626702
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:1:p:43-63
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Newton
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Newton
Title: Liveable Sustainable? Socio-Technical Challenges for Twenty-First-Century Cities
Abstract: Australian cities rate high internationally on liveability and well-being indices. State and metropolitan governments are keen to promote the liveability of their cities as a means of attracting mobile capital, skilled labor, and tourists. An examination of the liveability-environmental sustainability nexus, however, suggests that Australia's capital cities have gained their high liveability ratings as a result of having inputs of high, and now unsustainable, levels of resource consumption—indirectly into their built environments and directly into their households. This paper explores the prospects for a socio-technical transition of key urban infrastructure systems—energy, water, waste, transport, communications and buildings—as a basis for winding back unsustainable levels of consumption while maintaining liveability.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 81-102
Issue: 1
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.626703
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.626703
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:1:p:81-102
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yung Yau
Author-X-Name-First: Yung
Author-X-Name-Last: Yau
Title: Homeowner Involvement, Land Readjustment, and Sustainable Urban Regeneration in Hong Kong
Abstract: In view of the ever-growing problem of urban decay in Hong Kong, there is an urgent need for redeveloping derelict buildings. To overcome the inherent tribulations of redevelopment in the city, the technique of land readjustment (LR) has been proposed. LR is, by its nature, a kind of partnering project but its success depends on the homeowners' willingness to participate. This study aims to explore the acceptability of LR in Hong Kong through the analysis of the findings obtained from a structured questionnaire survey and focus groups. Based on the analysis results, policy and practical implications are drawn and discussed.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-22
Issue: 1
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.626705
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.626705
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:1:p:3-22
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christian Sellar
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Sellar
Title: Tashkent: Forging a Soviet City (1930–1966)
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 103-106
Issue: 1
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2011.648444
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2011.648444
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:1:p:103-106
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Willson
Author-X-Name-First: Richard
Author-X-Name-Last: Willson
Title: Transport Revolutions: Moving People and Freight Without Oil
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 106-107
Issue: 1
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2011.648445
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2011.648445
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:1:p:106-107
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Herbert Levinson
Author-X-Name-First: Herbert
Author-X-Name-Last: Levinson
Author-Name: John Allen
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Allen
Author-Name: William Hoey
Author-X-Name-First: William
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoey
Title: Light Rail Since World War II: Abandonments, Survivals, and Revivals
Abstract: Between World War II and the 1970s, many North American cities discontinued electric rail transit services, including some that would be considered light-rail lines by today's standards. Some lines survived to take part in the light rail renaissance that started in the late 1970s, and a few abandoned lines were partially incorporated into modern light rail operations. This paper examines the various factors influencing the outcome, such as city size, downtown employment, right-of-way type, and community attitudes toward rail transit. Although light rail has generally survived in cities with stronger downtowns, downtown employment does not fully explain outcomes in other cities. The most important factors appear to be the incorporation of light rail properties into public agencies when decisions were being made about their futures, availability of federal funds, and supportive local attitudes.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 65-79
Issue: 1
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2011.649911
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2011.649911
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:1:p:65-79
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 1
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.673059
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.673059
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:1:p:1-2
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sakari Taipale
Author-X-Name-First: Sakari
Author-X-Name-Last: Taipale
Title: The Politics of Proximity: Mobility and Immobility in Practice
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 107-110
Issue: 1
Volume: 19
Year: 2012
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2012.673060
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2012.673060
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:19:y:2012:i:1:p:107-110
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rob Kitchin
Author-X-Name-First: Rob
Author-X-Name-Last: Kitchin
Author-Name: Martin Dodge
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Dodge
Title: The (In)Security of Smart Cities: Vulnerabilities, Risks, Mitigation, and Prevention
Abstract:
In this paper we examine the current state of play with regards to the security of smart city initiatives. Smart city technologies are promoted as an effective way to counter and manage uncertainty and urban risks through the effective and efficient delivery of services, yet paradoxically they create new vulnerabilities and threats, including making city infrastructure and services insecure, brittle, and open to extended forms of criminal activity. This paradox has largely been ignored or underestimated by commercial and governmental interests or tackled through a technically-mediated mitigation approach. We identify five forms of vulnerabilities with respect to smart city technologies, detail the present extent of cyberattacks on networked infrastructure and services, and present a number of illustrative examples. We then adopt a normative approach to explore existing mitigation strategies, suggesting a wider set of systemic interventions (including security-by-design, remedial security patching and replacement, formation of core security and computer emergency response teams, a change in procurement procedures, and continuing professional development). We discuss how this approach might be enacted and enforced through market-led and regulation/management measures, and then examine a more radical preventative approach to security.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 47-65
Issue: 2
Volume: 26
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1408002
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1408002
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:26:y:2019:i:2:p:47-65
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tan Yigitcanlar
Author-X-Name-First: Tan
Author-X-Name-Last: Yigitcanlar
Author-Name: Md. Kamruzzaman
Author-X-Name-First: Md.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kamruzzaman
Title: Smart Cities and Mobility: Does the Smartness of Australian Cities Lead to Sustainable Commuting Patterns?
Abstract:
Smart cities have become a popular concept because they have the potential to create a sustainable and livable urban future. Smart mobility forms an integral part of the smart city agenda. This paper investigates “smart mobility” from the angle of sustainable commuting practices in the context of smart cities. This paper studies a multivariate multiple regression model within a panel data framework and examines whether increasing access to broadband Internet connections leads to the choice of a sustainable commuting mode in Australian local government areas. In this case, access to the Internet is used as a proxy for determining urban smartness, and the use of different modes of transport including working at home is used to investigate sustainability in commuting behavior. The findings show that an increasing access to broadband Internet reduces the level of working from home, public transport use, and active transport use, but increases the use of private vehicles, perhaps to overcome the fragmentation of work activities the Internet creates. How to overcome the need for car-based travel for fragmented work activities while increasing smartness through the provisioning of broadband access should be a key smart city agenda for Australia to make its cities more sustainable.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 21-46
Issue: 2
Volume: 26
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1476794
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1476794
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:26:y:2019:i:2:p:21-46
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: N. Komninos
Author-X-Name-First: N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Komninos
Author-Name: C. Kakderi
Author-X-Name-First: C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kakderi
Author-Name: A. Panori
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Panori
Author-Name: P. Tsarchopoulos
Author-X-Name-First: P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsarchopoulos
Title: Smart City Planning from an Evolutionary Perspective
Abstract:
In the theory of urban development, the evolutionary perspective is becoming dominant. Cities are understood as complex systems shaped by bottom-up processes with outcomes that are hard to foresee and plan for. This perspective is strengthened by the current turn towards smart cities and the intensive use of digital technologies to optimize urban ecosystems. This paper extends the evolutionary thinking and emerging dynamics of cities to smart city planning. It is based on recent efforts for a smart city strategy in Thessaloniki that enhances the economic, environmental, and social sustainability of the city. Taking advantage of opportunities offered by the IBM Smarter Cities Challenge, the Rockefeller 100 Resilient Cities, the World Bank, and the EU Horizon 2020 Program, Thessaloniki shaped a strategy for an inclusive economy, resilient infrastructure, participatory governance, and open data. This process, however, does not have the usual features of planning. It reveals the complex dimension of smart city planning as a synthesis of technologies, user engagement, and windows of opportunity, which are fuzzy at the start of the planning process. The evolutionary features of cities, which until now were ascribed to the working of markets, are now shaping the institutional aspects of planning for smart cities.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-20
Issue: 2
Volume: 26
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1485368
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1485368
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:26:y:2019:i:2:p:3-20
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tan Yigitcanlar
Author-X-Name-First: Tan
Author-X-Name-Last: Yigitcanlar
Author-Name: Marcus Foth
Author-X-Name-First: Marcus
Author-X-Name-Last: Foth
Author-Name: Md. Kamruzzaman
Author-X-Name-First: Md.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kamruzzaman
Title: Towards Post-Anthropocentric Cities: Reconceptualizing Smart Cities to Evade Urban Ecocide
Abstract:
This short piece acts as a coda to this journal’s special issue on “Smart Cities and Innovative Technologies.” First, it provides a retrospective view of the origins of the smart city concept. The paper, secondly, presents the most recent perspectives on the new interpretations of the smart city notion. It then provides a commentary on the potential directions for a better reconceptualization of smart cities to evade a most likely urban ecocide. Lastly, the short communication concludes by asking two critical questions: (a) Will urban scholars, planners, designers, and activists be able to convince urban policymakers and the general public of the need for a post-anthropocentric urban turnaround? (b) How do the public, private, and academic sectors along with communities pave the way for post-anthropocentric cities and more-than-human futures?
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 147-152
Issue: 2
Volume: 26
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1524249
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1524249
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:26:y:2019:i:2:p:147-152
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luca Mora
Author-X-Name-First: Luca
Author-X-Name-Last: Mora
Author-Name: Mark Deakin
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Deakin
Author-Name: Alasdair Reid
Author-X-Name-First: Alasdair
Author-X-Name-Last: Reid
Author-Name: Margarita Angelidou
Author-X-Name-First: Margarita
Author-X-Name-Last: Angelidou
Title: How to Overcome the Dichotomous Nature of Smart City Research: Proposed Methodology and Results of a Pilot Study
Abstract:
Overcoming the dichotomous nature of smart city research is fundamental to providing cities with a clear understanding of how smart city development should be approached. This paper introduces a research methodology for conducting the multiple-case study analyses necessary to meet this challenge. After presenting the methodology, we test the practical feasibility, effectiveness, and logistics of such a methodology by examining the activities that Vienna has implemented in building its smart city development strategy. The results of this pilot study show how the application of the proposed methodology can help smart city researchers codify the knowledge produced from multiple smart city experiences, using a common protocol. This in turn allows them to: (1) coordinate efforts when investigating the strategic principles that drive smart city development and test the divergent hypotheses emerging from the scientific literature; (2) share the results of this investigation and hypothesis testing by conducting extensive cross-case analyses among multiple studies able to capture the generic qualities of the findings; (3) gain consensus on the way to think about, conceptualize, and standardize the analysis of smart city developments; and (4) develop innovative monitoring and evaluation systems for smart city development strategies by reflecting upon the lessons learned from current practices.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 89-128
Issue: 2
Volume: 26
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1525265
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1525265
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:26:y:2019:i:2:p:89-128
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Becky P. Y. Loo
Author-X-Name-First: Becky P. Y.
Author-X-Name-Last: Loo
Author-Name: Winnie S. M. Tang
Author-X-Name-First: Winnie S. M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tang
Title: “Mapping” Smart Cities
Abstract:
Smart cities are designed to use data to optimize resources, maintain sustainability, and improve people’s quality of life. While many urban technologies are employed to make cities “smart,” one constellation of technologies has been less examined in the academic literature—digital maps and the spatial data infrastructure. This paper is an attempt to systematically review the functions and evolution of digital maps and the spatial data infrastructure, with examples from Asia and beyond, in supporting and making smart cities possible. Based on the conceptual framework and empirical case studies, four major research directions of smart mapping are identified to better support smart city initiatives.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 129-146
Issue: 2
Volume: 26
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2019.1576467
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2019.1576467
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:26:y:2019:i:2:p:129-146
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juho Kiuru
Author-X-Name-First: Juho
Author-X-Name-Last: Kiuru
Author-Name: Tommi Inkinen
Author-X-Name-First: Tommi
Author-X-Name-Last: Inkinen
Title: E-Capital and Economic Growth in European Metropolitan Areas: Applying Social Media Messaging in Technology-Based Urban Analysis
Abstract:
Innovation is an elemental part of regional economic growth. In the past years, information and communication technologies (ICTs) have enabled new means for data collection, and analysis for the study of regional innovation systems. This paper investigates innovation and technology messaging in Twitter, which has been described as the SMS of the Internet. The concept of electronic capital (e-capital) is applied in order to find out how technology messaging relates to the economic situation in metropolitan areas. The recently introduced concept of e-capital is cultivated from the conceptualizations of innovation acknowledging that different forms of capital, including human, social, and economic, circulate and have an effect on each other. The analysis indicates that clusters of e-capital and potential growth clusters are identifiable by using Twitter activity. In Europe, e-capital agglomerates to previously identified clusters of the “Blue Banana” and the “Golden Banana” (or the “Sun Belt”). Based on spatial statistics, we apply Categories of Metropolitan Areas (COMAs) in order to classify Twitter intensive locations across Europe. We defined four COMAs and estimated their e-capital potential. The most problematic COMA lies in Eastern Europe whereas the strongest concentration is found in Western Europe.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 67-88
Issue: 2
Volume: 26
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2019.1579513
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2019.1579513
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:26:y:2019:i:2:p:67-88
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tommi Inkinen
Author-X-Name-First: Tommi
Author-X-Name-Last: Inkinen
Author-Name: Tan Yigitcanlar
Author-X-Name-First: Tan
Author-X-Name-Last: Yigitcanlar
Author-Name: Mark Wilson
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson
Title: Smart Cities and Innovative Urban Technologies
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 2
Volume: 26
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2019.1594698
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2019.1594698
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:26:y:2019:i:2:p:1-2
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard E. Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 4
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1383042
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1383042
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:4:p:1-2
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Margarita Angelidou
Author-X-Name-First: Margarita
Author-X-Name-Last: Angelidou
Title: The Role of Smart City Characteristics in the Plans of Fifteen Cities
Abstract:
This paper identifies the characteristics of smart cities as they emerge from the recent literature. It then examines whether and in what way these characteristics are present in the smart city plans of 15 cities: Amsterdam, Barcelona, London, PlanIT Valley, Stockholm, Cyberjaya, Singapore, King Abdullah Economic City, Masdar, Skolkovo, Songdo, Chicago, New York, Rio de Janeiro, and Konza. The results are presented with respect to each smart city characteristic. As expected, most strategies emphasize the role of information and communication technologies in improving the functionality of urban systems and advancing knowledge transfer and innovation networks. However, this research yields other interesting findings that may not yet have been documented across multiple case studies; for example, most smart city strategies fail to incorporate bottom-up approaches, are poorly adapted to accommodate the local needs of their area, and consider issues of privacy and security inadequately.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-28
Issue: 4
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1348880
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1348880
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:4:p:3-28
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Joss
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Joss
Author-Name: Matthew Cook
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew
Author-X-Name-Last: Cook
Author-Name: Youri Dayot
Author-X-Name-First: Youri
Author-X-Name-Last: Dayot
Title: Smart Cities: Towards a New Citizenship Regime? A Discourse Analysis of the British Smart City Standard
Abstract:
Growing practice interest in smart cities has led to calls for a less technology-oriented and more citizen-centric approach. In response, this article investigates the citizenship mode promulgated by the smart city standard of the British Standards Institution. The analysis uses the concept of citizenship regime and a mixture of quantitative and qualitative methods to discern key discursive frames defining the smart city and the particular citizenship dimensions brought into play. The results confirm an explicit citizenship rationale guiding the smart city (standard), although this displays some substantive shortcomings and contradictions. The article concludes with recommendations for both further theory and practice development.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 29-49
Issue: 4
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1336027
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1336027
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:4:p:29-49
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Willem van Winden
Author-X-Name-First: Willem
Author-X-Name-Last: van Winden
Author-Name: Daniel van den Buuse
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: van den Buuse
Title: Smart City Pilot Projects: Exploring the Dimensions and Conditions of Scaling Up
Abstract:
In many cities, pilot projects are set up to test new technologies that help to address urban sustainability issues, improve the effectiveness of urban services, and enhance the quality of life of citizens. These projects, often labelled as “smart city” projects, are typically supported by municipalities, funded by subsidies, and run in partnerships. Many of the projects fade out after the pilot stage, and fail to generate scalable solutions that contribute to sustainable urban development. The lack of scaling is widely perceived as a major problem. In this paper, we analyze processes of upscaling, focusing on smart city pilot projects in which several partners—with different missions, agendas, and incentives—join up. We start with a literature review, in which we identify three types of upscaling: roll-out, expansion, and replication, each with its own dynamics and degree of context sensitivity. The typology is further specified in relation to several conditions and requirements that can impact upscaling processes, and illustrated by a descriptive analysis of three smart city pilot projects developed in Amsterdam. The paper ends with conclusions and recommendations on pilot projects and partnership governance, and adds new perspectives on the debate regarding upscaling.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 51-72
Issue: 4
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1348884
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1348884
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:4:p:51-72
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Changjie Zhan
Author-X-Name-First: Changjie
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhan
Author-Name: Martin de Jong
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: de Jong
Author-Name: Hans de Bruijn
Author-X-Name-First: Hans
Author-X-Name-Last: de Bruijn
Title: Path Dependence in Financing Urban Infrastructure Development in China: 1949–2016
Abstract:
In the past few decades, urban infrastructures in China have seen an enormous upgrade, and due to large-scale urbanization many more investments are due in the coming years. In order to supplement public funding, Public Private Partnerships (PPP) and municipal bonds have recently grown popular in China. The introduction of this new policy does not occur in a void but should be understood as the path-dependent consequence of a historical evolution of funding arrangements for urban development. How have Chinese governments traditionally arranged financing for these extensive investments and how has the emphasis in funding sources shifted over time? We argue that the evolution of urban development financing has gone through three phases (planned economy, reform and pilot, and socialist market economy), each with different emphasis in financial sources. Our analysis demonstrates how weaknesses in earlier phases present challenges that new solutions in later phases are aimed to address.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 73-93
Issue: 4
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1334862
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1334862
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:4:p:73-93
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jeong-Il Park
Author-X-Name-First: Jeong-Il
Author-X-Name-Last: Park
Author-Name: Nancey Green Leigh
Author-X-Name-First: Nancey Green
Author-X-Name-Last: Leigh
Title: Urban Industrial Land Loss and Foreign Direct Investment-Related Manufacturing Job Sprawl: An Atlanta, Georgia MSA Case Study
Abstract:
Using longitudinal data from the National Establishment Time-Series dataset, this paper presents research on intra-metropolitan spatial patterns of manufacturing employment created by foreign direct investment (FDI) in the Atlanta, Georgia metropolitan area. A panel regression analysis reveals that the loss of urban industrial land in the central metro area is associated with the suburbanization of FDI manufacturing jobs over time. Based on the key findings of the analyses, the paper discusses the policy implications of job losses in urban manufacturing and some strategies for attracting and retaining these jobs.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 95-113
Issue: 4
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1348883
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1348883
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:4:p:95-113
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ate Poorthuis
Author-X-Name-First: Ate
Author-X-Name-Last: Poorthuis
Author-Name: Matthew Zook
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew
Author-X-Name-Last: Zook
Title: Making Big Data Small: Strategies to Expand Urban and Geographical Research Using Social Media
Abstract:
While exciting, Big Data (particularly geotagged social media data) has proven difficult for many urbanists and social science researchers to use. As a partial solution, we propose a strategy that enables the fast extracting of only relevant data from large sets of geosocial data. While contrary to many Big Data approaches—in which analysis is done on the entire dataset—much productive social science work can use smaller datasets—around the same size as census or survey data—within standard methodological frameworks. The approach we outline in this paper—including the example of a fully operating system—offers a solution for urban researchers interested in these types of data but reluctant to personally build data science skills.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 115-135
Issue: 4
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1335153
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1335153
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:4:p:115-135
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Stiles
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan
Author-X-Name-Last: Stiles
Title: Community-Owned Transport
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 137-138
Issue: 4
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1385915
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1385915
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:4:p:137-138
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gwen Urey
Author-X-Name-First: Gwen
Author-X-Name-Last: Urey
Title: Geomedia: Networked Cities and the Future of Public Space
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 139-141
Issue: 4
Volume: 24
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2017.1383050
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2017.1383050
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:24:y:2017:i:4:p:139-141
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tan Yigitcanlar
Author-X-Name-First: Tan
Author-X-Name-Last: Yigitcanlar
Author-Name: Melih Bulu
Author-X-Name-First: Melih
Author-X-Name-Last: Bulu
Title: Urban Knowledge and Innovation Spaces
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-9
Issue: 1
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2016.1164443
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2016.1164443
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:1:p:1-9
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Hu
Author-X-Name-First: Richard
Author-X-Name-Last: Hu
Title: Concentration and Mobility of Knowledge Workers: An Intercity Analysis of Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane
Abstract:
This study investigates the knowledge capacity and the competitive relationship between cities in contemporary globalization. Drawing upon the global city thesis regarding advanced producer services and the city network model, this study measures the concentration and mobility of knowledge workers between three Australian global cities: Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane. It argues that knowledge workers are important agents in the making of urban knowledge space and intercity knowledge flow. It finds that Sydney's dominance in the Australian urban system has been strengthened despite challenges from Melbourne and Brisbane in certain knowledge sectors. The findings ascertain the linkage between the ranking of a global city and its knowledge capacity. They provide new insights into the current debates on Australian global cities and suggest possible new directions for global city aspirations, in the cases of Melbourne and Brisbane, in particular. Conceptually and methodologically, this study is an effort to bridge the global-city and the knowledge-city discourses, whose cross-fertilization suggests a potential need for new policy thinking.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 11-28
Issue: 1
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1090190
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1090190
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:1:p:11-28
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Johnston
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnston
Author-Name: Robert Huggins
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Huggins
Title: The Spatio-Relational Nature of Urban Innovation Systems: Universities, Knowledge Intensive Business Service Firms, and Collaborative Networks
Abstract:
The need to better identify the spatio-relational nature of urban innovation systems and spaces is increasingly acknowledged. The aim of this paper, therefore, is to provide an enhanced understanding of the knowledge networks existing between urban Knowledge Intensive Business Service firms (KIBS) and universities, which are often key components of such systems and spaces. Drawing on an analysis of urban KIBS firms and universities in the United Kingdom, it is found that the nature of firms, their location, and the research intensity of their university partners are important determinants of the spatiality and localization of the networks they form. The results show that the smallest urban KIBS firms have the highest propensity to engage in local links with universities, suggesting that they rely most significantly on their own urban innovation system for collaborative network ties.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 29-52
Issue: 1
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1090192
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1090192
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:1:p:29-52
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Willem van Winden
Author-X-Name-First: Willem
Author-X-Name-Last: van Winden
Author-Name: Luis Carvalho
Author-X-Name-First: Luis
Author-X-Name-Last: Carvalho
Title: Urbanize or Perish? Assessing the Urbanization of Knowledge Locations in Europe
Abstract:
This paper explores the drivers behind a recent “urban turn” of planned knowledge locations in Europe. While acknowledging a general tendency towards more urbanity, we argue that a dense and diverse urban environment is not equally relevant for all types of knowledge-based activities because of nuanced workers’ preferences and innovation modes. Based on a theory “considering different types of knowledge bases”, we suggest that activities that more intensively rely on symbolic knowledge (e.g., media, design) tend to have a stronger preference for urban settings, while this is less the case for activities based on analytical and synthetic knowledge (e.g., biotechnology and advanced engineering). We illustrate our thesis by three case studies: Kista Science Park in Stockholm, The Digital Hub in Dublin, and Biocant in Coimbra.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 53-70
Issue: 1
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1090194
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1090194
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:1:p:53-70
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gökçen Arkalı Olcay
Author-X-Name-First: Gökçen Arkalı
Author-X-Name-Last: Olcay
Author-Name: Melih Bulu
Author-X-Name-First: Melih
Author-X-Name-Last: Bulu
Title: Technoparks and Technology Transfer Offices as Drivers of an Innovation Economy: Lessons from Istanbul's Innovation Spaces
Abstract:
Universities can significantly contribute to the regional development and innovation capability of a city if the knowledge produced in universities can be appropriately cycled back to the city in the form of technological innovation. Technology parks and technology transfer offices (TTOs), as urban knowledge and innovation spaces, are two important channels of building research platforms with enterprises where universities can disseminate knowledge. While technology parks create space for knowledge generation and innovation within a city, university TTOs play a critical role in enhancing knowledge spillover and creating new start-up firms. This paper highlights the contribution universities can make to Istanbul's potential of becoming an innovative city that houses successful urban knowledge and innovation spaces. By conducting interviews with the managers of technoparks and TTOs in Istanbul, we explore how the existence of technoparks and TTOs within a university affects the success of technology-transfer mechanisms.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 71-93
Issue: 1
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1090195
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1090195
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:1:p:71-93
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tommi Inkinen
Author-X-Name-First: Tommi
Author-X-Name-Last: Inkinen
Author-Name: Inka Kaakinen
Author-X-Name-First: Inka
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaakinen
Title: Economic Geography of Knowledge-Intensive Technology Clusters: Lessons from the Helsinki Metropolitan Area
Abstract:
This paper analyzes industrial clusters in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area (HMA) in Finland. The HMA is the largest and most powerful concentration of population and economic activity in Finland. The paper analyzes knowledge-intensive industrial clusters and their structures. Clusters are identified according to a statistical analysis that provides a systematic perspective on the knowledge-intensive economic geography of the HMA. There are two main questions: how diverse are the identified clusters in terms of their internal structure; and, are there spatial irregularities identifiable in these structures? Knowledge-intensive clusters are strongly localized close to the infrastructural nodes: their physical localization is closely linked to road- and rail-structures and terminals. In general, clusters become smaller as their distance to the center of Helsinki increases: distance decay is evidently present. Our findings indicate that clusters are plural entities and their diversities do not follow a clearly identifiable pre-determined logic. Knowledge-based industries focusing on immaterial products tend to have closer central proximity than other industries but variations are extensive. This cluster diversity indicates that the HMA has a threshold for manifesting agglomeration gains that generate and extend industrial diversities within key clusters. The most diverse clusters tend to be located in the urban core, whereas the more narrowly focused clusters may be found in relatively peripheral locations.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 95-114
Issue: 1
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1090196
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1090196
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:1:p:95-114
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tan Yigitcanlar
Author-X-Name-First: Tan
Author-X-Name-Last: Yigitcanlar
Author-Name: Mirko Guaralda
Author-X-Name-First: Mirko
Author-X-Name-Last: Guaralda
Author-Name: Manuela Taboada
Author-X-Name-First: Manuela
Author-X-Name-Last: Taboada
Author-Name: Surabhi Pancholi
Author-X-Name-First: Surabhi
Author-X-Name-Last: Pancholi
Title: Place Making for Knowledge Generation and Innovation: Planning and Branding Brisbane's Knowledge Community Precincts
Abstract:
Knowledge generation and innovation have been a priority for global city administrators particularly during the last couple of decades. This is mainly due to the growing consensus in identifying knowledge-based urban development as a panacea for burgeoning economic problems. Place making has become a critical element for success in knowledge-based urban development as planning and branding places is claimed to be an effective marketing tool for attracting investment and talent. This paper aims to investigate the role of planning and branding in place making by assessing the effectiveness of planning and branding strategies in the development of knowledge and innovation milieus. The methodology of the study comprises reviewing the literature thoroughly, developing an analysis framework, and using this framework to analyze Brisbane's knowledge community precincts—namely Boggo Road Knowledge Precinct, Kelvin Grove Urban Knowledge Village, and Sippy Downs Knowledge Town. The analysis findings generate invaluable insights into Brisbane's journey in place making for knowledge and innovation milieus and communities. The results suggest as much as good planning, branding strategies, and good practice, the requirements of external and internal conditions also need to be met for successful place making in knowledge community precincts.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 115-146
Issue: 1
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2015.1090198
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2015.1090198
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:1:p:115-146
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Erratum
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: I-I
Issue: 1
Volume: 23
Year: 2016
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2016.1191768
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2016.1191768
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:23:y:2016:i:1:p:I-I
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard E. Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 1
Volume: 27
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2019.1703944
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2019.1703944
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:27:y:2020:i:1:p:1-2
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Linjun Xie
Author-X-Name-First: Linjun
Author-X-Name-Last: Xie
Author-Name: Ali Cheshmehzangi
Author-X-Name-First: Ali
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheshmehzangi
Author-Name: May Tan-Mullins
Author-X-Name-First: May
Author-X-Name-Last: Tan-Mullins
Author-Name: Andrew Flynn
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Flynn
Author-Name: Tim Heath
Author-X-Name-First: Tim
Author-X-Name-Last: Heath
Title: Urban Entrepreneurialism and Sustainable Development: A Comparative Analysis of Chinese Eco-Developments
Abstract:
In recent years, state entrepreneurialism and the notion of (urban) sustainability have become ever more closely intertwined in China and there has been a proliferation of eco-/low-carbon and other similar sustainability-themed urban initiatives that have helped local states to achieve a favorable position in city competitions. Nevertheless, existing studies do not explain why Chinese sustainability projects are planned/implemented with divergent emphases and different development trajectories. Through three Chinese flagship projects, the real-estate-centric Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-City (SSTEC), the environmental-construction-led Chongming Eco-Islands (CEIs), and the industrial development-focused Shenzhen International Low-Carbon City (ILCC), we argue that the formulation and implementation of urban sustainable developments are subject to local particularities and different extra-local political-economic contexts. We highlight how both vertical administrative governance and horizontal coordination between territorial jurisdictions underlie the Chinese entrepreneurial planning system, which results in different types of urban entrepreneurships: (1) scalable startup urban entrepreneurship (SSTEC); (2) asset-replacement urban entrepreneurship (CEIs); and (3) urban expansion entrepreneurship (ILCC). This study also reveals that all three cases experience a development paradox as they strive to reconcile mutually competing economic and environmental imperatives.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-26
Issue: 1
Volume: 27
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2019.1680940
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2019.1680940
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:27:y:2020:i:1:p:3-26
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ana Gessa
Author-X-Name-First: Ana
Author-X-Name-Last: Gessa
Author-Name: Pilar Sancha
Author-X-Name-First: Pilar
Author-X-Name-Last: Sancha
Title: Environmental Open Data in Urban Platforms: An Approach to the Big Data Life Cycle
Abstract:
Through a literature review, this paper proposes an assessment framework to evaluate environmental open data in urban platforms under the data life cycle approach. For this purpose, a set of quantitative and qualitative indicators has been defined for each of the stages of the data life cycle: acquisition, access, analysis, and application. As confirmation of the capabilities of this approach, we illustrate the results of its application in six data portals along with analyses, comparisons, and conclusions regarding the results. The cases reveal that an interest exists in providing environmental information, but the capability to transform the data information into knowledge relevant for cities is rather low.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 27-45
Issue: 1
Volume: 27
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2019.1656934
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2019.1656934
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:27:y:2020:i:1:p:27-45
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zahed Yousefi
Author-X-Name-First: Zahed
Author-X-Name-Last: Yousefi
Author-Name: Hashem Dadashpoor
Author-X-Name-First: Hashem
Author-X-Name-Last: Dadashpoor
Title: How Do ICTs Affect Urban Spatial Structure? A Systematic Literature Review
Abstract:
This study attempts to shed light on the effects of ICTs on urban spatial structure through a systematic literature review by exploring the relationship between ICTs and the factors that shape this structure. Four scientific databases covering a period from 2000 to 2018 were searched for related literature using a vast variety of keywords. As a result, 130 articles were selected for this literature review. After studying these articles, their main findings were extracted and their major results were categorized based on a conceptual model. This model addresses the relationship between ICTs and four aspects of urban spatial structure: (a) spatial and physical aspects, (b) human aspects, (c) mobility and flows, and (d) activities (i.e., work, shopping, leisure). Generally, it can be concluded that ICTs have significant effects on the elements that shape urban spatial structure, and they can play a significant role in transforming this structure in the future.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 47-65
Issue: 1
Volume: 27
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2019.1689593
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2019.1689593
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:27:y:2020:i:1:p:47-65
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jeremy Tintiangko
Author-X-Name-First: Jeremy
Author-X-Name-Last: Tintiangko
Author-Name: Cheryll Ruth Soriano
Author-X-Name-First: Cheryll Ruth
Author-X-Name-Last: Soriano
Title: Coworking Spaces in the Global South: Local Articulations and Imaginaries
Abstract:
Building on scholarly explorations of the nuances of labor conditions in emerging knowledge economies in the Global South and the glocalization of the digital labor market, this paper examines how coworking spaces in the Philippines are designed and organized. In particular, we explore the role that these alternative workspaces take in addressing the unique needs of local digital platform workers or online freelancers. The Philippines ranks third, after the United States and India, among the countries with the greatest number of online freelancers. Drawing from a multi-sited ethnography of coworking spaces in Metro Manila, including interviews with coworking space managers as well as Filipino online freelancers, the paper explores how the latter perceive the role and experience the value of coworking spaces. Echoing Oreglia and Ling’s notion of “digital imagination,” we find that digital workers sustain a unique sense of “aspirational belonging” to coworking spaces which we describe as a state of willingness to maintain a positive perception of these spaces without any certainty of realizing their promised benefits. We also argue that the very same qualities that render coworking spaces aspirational for online Filipino freelancers function to regulate a degree of in/exclusivity of urban spaces.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 67-85
Issue: 1
Volume: 27
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2019.1696144
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2019.1696144
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:27:y:2020:i:1:p:67-85
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stéphanie Gamache
Author-X-Name-First: Stéphanie
Author-X-Name-Last: Gamache
Author-Name: François Routhier
Author-X-Name-First: François
Author-X-Name-Last: Routhier
Author-Name: Ernesto Morales
Author-X-Name-First: Ernesto
Author-X-Name-Last: Morales
Author-Name: Marie-Hélène Vandersmissen
Author-X-Name-First: Marie-Hélène
Author-X-Name-Last: Vandersmissen
Author-Name: Normand Boucher
Author-X-Name-First: Normand
Author-X-Name-Last: Boucher
Author-Name: Bradford J. McFadyen
Author-X-Name-First: Bradford J.
Author-X-Name-Last: McFadyen
Author-Name: Luc Noreau
Author-X-Name-First: Luc
Author-X-Name-Last: Noreau
Title: Methodological Insights into the Scientific Development of Design Guidelines for Accessible Urban Pedestrian Infrastructure
Abstract:
This paper provides methodological insights into the development of design guidelines for accessible pedestrian infrastructure for individuals with physical disabilities (IPD) in Québec’s municipalities that could be replicated elsewhere. Nominal groups of experts including people with disabilities, health clinicians and researchers, and representatives from municipalities and transportation societies allowed the validation of recommendations found in the literature for nine forms of pedestrian infrastructure: rest areas and urban furniture, bus stops, curb cuts, sidewalks, crosswalks, signage, stairs, ramps, and handrails. Consensus was reached during each nominal group discussion and the surveyed level of agreement of all the experts with the developed guidelines was high.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 87-105
Issue: 1
Volume: 27
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2019.1632677
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2019.1632677
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:27:y:2020:i:1:p:87-105
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Siddhartha Sen
Author-X-Name-First: Siddhartha
Author-X-Name-Last: Sen
Title: Urbanization in South Asia: Historical Patterns and Current Trends
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 107-113
Issue: 1
Volume: 27
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2019.1701244
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2019.1701244
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:27:y:2020:i:1:p:107-113
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard E. Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 2
Volume: 27
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1747286
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1747286
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:27:y:2020:i:2:p:1-2
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ludovico Iovino
Author-X-Name-First: Ludovico
Author-X-Name-Last: Iovino
Author-Name: Mattia D’Emidio
Author-X-Name-First: Mattia
Author-X-Name-Last: D’Emidio
Author-Name: Marco Modica
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Modica
Title: Creating an Holistic Emergency Alert Management Platform
Abstract:
Extreme natural events require effective emergency procedures to minimize adverse effects on a region’s population and economy. Such procedures typically involve the effort of several different teams of first responders (e.g., fire fighters, public administrations, police departments, utility companies), hence coordination is fundamental to the effectiveness of the response to the emergency that must be supported with adequate infrastructures. Nonetheless, first responders often rely on manual processes, in the life cycle of extreme events, which do not change consistently with the type of shock or affected population. The aim of this paper is to present a technology transfer process to improve both the emergency alert process and the knowledge of disaster-type safety procedures through the implementation of a proposed platform. We also highlight a pilot application on a post-disaster case study—the province of L’Aquila (Abruzzi) in Italy.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-20
Issue: 2
Volume: 27
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1717280
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1717280
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:27:y:2020:i:2:p:3-20
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christopher Pettit
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Pettit
Author-Name: Sharon Biermann
Author-X-Name-First: Sharon
Author-X-Name-Last: Biermann
Author-Name: Claudia Pelizaro
Author-X-Name-First: Claudia
Author-X-Name-Last: Pelizaro
Author-Name: Ashley Bakelmun
Author-X-Name-First: Ashley
Author-X-Name-Last: Bakelmun
Title: A Data-Driven Approach to Exploring Future Land Use and Transport Scenarios: The Online What If? Tool
Abstract:
In an era of rapid urbanization, there is a need for data-driven tools to guide long-term strategic planning. Online What If? (OWI) is a planning support system (PSS) that helps inform strategic planners about the impact of population growth and other socioeconomic factors will have on the future growth of cities. This research presents its application in metropolitan Perth with a two-part case study, demonstrating a first comprehensive application of the tool. First, OWI tests five scenarios for urban growth through the year 2050, allocating residential land use. Next, OWI alters land use allocations to align residential development with high frequency public transit, while also allocating commercial land use to support higher residential densities. Together, these data-driven scenarios inform city planners and policy makers in guiding the long-term, sustainable growth of Perth. The paper concludes with a review of OWI’s strengths, weaknesses and possibilities for continual development.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 21-44
Issue: 2
Volume: 27
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1739503
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1739503
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:27:y:2020:i:2:p:21-44
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dohyung Kim
Author-X-Name-First: Dohyung
Author-X-Name-Last: Kim
Title: Pedestrian and Bicycle Volume Data Collection Using Drone Technology
Abstract:
Pedestrian and bicycle volume data is one of the most fundamental types of data for active transportation planning. However, they are not yet well developed. This paper explores an innovative method that uses drone technology to collect pedestrian and bicycle volume data. It confirms the feasibility of the technology as an alternative method to collect complex movements of pedestrians and bicycles. Furthermore, this paper presents a method that converts the video footage to a spatiotemporal dataset. The dataset includes not only the pedestrian and bicycle count data, but also their behavior and characteristics. The spatiotemporal data can become a valuable resource for a variety of active transportation planning practices and research, including the collection of pedestrian and bicycle volume data in parks and recreational areas, the study of collisions between pedestrians and bicycles, and the analysis of the social path. Since it is possible to envision that the development of technologies can overcome current technical difficulties, such as battery lifespan, it is worth considering the application of drone technology to active transportation planning practice and research.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 45-60
Issue: 2
Volume: 27
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1715158
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1715158
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:27:y:2020:i:2:p:45-60
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kylie Budge
Author-X-Name-First: Kylie
Author-X-Name-Last: Budge
Title: Visually Imagining Place: Museum Visitors, Instagram, and the City
Abstract:
While the city as a place has been examined to a certain extent through the lens of social media platforms such as Instagram, the connection between museum visitors posting to Instagram and placemaking is an under-explored area. Yet as more of the world’s population now lives in cities and placemaking has become an urgent part of city development, new knowledge is needed to understand how these components contribute to a sense of place. Drawing on data from two case studies, this article argues that museum visitor posts to Instagram are creative and productive acts that generate a dynamic evolving ecology of the city as place.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 61-79
Issue: 2
Volume: 27
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1731672
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1731672
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:27:y:2020:i:2:p:61-79
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jeremy Kargon
Author-X-Name-First: Jeremy
Author-X-Name-Last: Kargon
Title: Broadcasting from the “Mediated Center:” Baltimore’s Candelabra Television Tower, circa 1959
Abstract:
The rise of post-WWII television markets around the world required new technical solutions for broadcast media. These solutions became novel examples of urban-scale infrastructure, including the “television tower” as a unique structure. Among early American examples is Baltimore’s three-mast “candelabra” television tower, completed in 1959. Although the project’s feasibility depended upon advances in structural design, its most significant innovation was institutional. As an early example of “infrastructure sharing,” Baltimore’s candelabra tower illustrates how innovative built form can engender a new relationship among technology, urban infrastructure, and the production of cultural capital.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 81-102
Issue: 2
Volume: 27
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1740910
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1740910
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:27:y:2020:i:2:p:81-102
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shalini Misra
Author-X-Name-First: Shalini
Author-X-Name-Last: Misra
Title: Network Nature: The Place of Nature in the Digital Age
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 103-106
Issue: 2
Volume: 27
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1747288
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1747288
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:27:y:2020:i:2:p:103-106
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ian Wray
Author-X-Name-First: Ian
Author-X-Name-Last: Wray
Title: Designing MIT: Bosworth’s New Tech
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 106-108
Issue: 2
Volume: 27
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1748903
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1748903
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:27:y:2020:i:2:p:106-108
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria del Carmen Llinares Millán
Author-X-Name-First: Maria del Carmen
Author-X-Name-Last: Llinares Millán
Author-Name: Susana Iñarra
Author-X-Name-First: Susana
Author-X-Name-Last: Iñarra
Author-Name: Jaime Guixeres
Author-X-Name-First: Jaime
Author-X-Name-Last: Guixeres
Title: Design Attributes Influencing the Success of Urban 3D Visualizations: Differences in Assessments According to Training and Intention
Abstract:
The graphic tools most widely used for communicating the design of future urban spaces are 3D visualizations. These virtual images allow graphic designers to manipulate conditions to embellish the final image they present. But, what design attributes are associated with positive assessments? This paper attempts to identify the key design attributes for a successful proposal and observes whether intention (assess the image versus assess the project) and observer training (architect versus non-architect) influence that relationship. A field study was carried out using assessments from 225 individuals. Results show that color, nature, and architecture are fundamental elements in successful proposals. Significant differences in assessments have also been observed according to the training and intentions of the assessors.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 39-57
Issue: 4
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1444873
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1444873
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:4:p:39-57
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Karvonen
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Karvonen
Author-Name: Simon Guy
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Guy
Title: Urban Energy Landscapes and the Rise of Heat Networks in the United Kingdom
Abstract:
In the past decade, district heat networks have emerged as a key strategy for the UK government to achieve its 2050 decarbonization targets. Reports and analyses have focused on the technical and economic challenges of introducing networked heat provision in a country where this is a relatively novel energy service. Meanwhile, there has been little emphasis on the spatial and physical aspects of heat provision and their influence on the spatial development of cities. In this paper, we contribute to current debates on urban energy transitions with insights on the implications of heat networks to cities including scale, density, mixed-use, and materiality. The study reveals the embeddedness of energy services and the emergence of new forms of local governance that combine spatial and energy planning to realize new urban energy landscapes.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 19-38
Issue: 4
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1463034
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1463034
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:4:p:19-38
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carson Qing
Author-X-Name-First: Carson
Author-X-Name-Last: Qing
Author-Name: Wei Hao
Author-X-Name-First: Wei
Author-X-Name-Last: Hao
Title: A Methodology for Measuring and Monitoring Congested Corridors: Applications in Manhattan Using Taxi GPS Data
Abstract:
This paper describes how the Taxi Passenger Enhancement Program (TPEP) Trip Record data can be used to measure traffic congestion along selected corridors in Manhattan. Two corridors in the rapidly changing Far West Side, Ninth Avenue and Tenth Avenue, were selected for analysis in this case study. This paper will describe a methodology using GIS applications that can visualize and identify trends in traffic conditions over time along corridors selected for analysis. This methodology can be applied to evaluate and monitor congested corridors in response to changes in land use patterns, policy decisions, and various temporary conditions affecting street operations.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 59-75
Issue: 4
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1469339
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1469339
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:4:p:59-75
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fábio Duarte
Author-X-Name-First: Fábio
Author-X-Name-Last: Duarte
Author-Name: Carlo Ratti
Author-X-Name-First: Carlo
Author-X-Name-Last: Ratti
Title: The Impact of Autonomous Vehicles on Cities: A Review
Abstract:
Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are starting to hit our roads. It is only a matter of time until the technological challenges still facing full AV implementation are solved, and legal, social, and transport issues related to AVs become part of the public discussion. AVs have the potential to become a major catalyst for urban transformation. To explore some of these transformations, first, we discuss the possibility of decoupling the many functions of urban vehicles from the form factor (without drivers, do cars need to look like they look today?). Second, we question whether AVs will lead to more or fewer cars on the roads, highlighting the synergies between AVs and ride-sharing schemes. Third, with AVs as part of multimodal and sharing-mobility systems, millions of square kilometers currently used for parking spaces might be liberated, or even change the way we design road space. Fourth, freed from the fatigue related to traffic, we question whether AVs would make people search for home locations farther from cities, increasing urban sprawl, or would rather attract more residents to city centers, also freed from congestion and pollution. Fifth, depending on responses to the previous questions and innovative traffic algorithms, we ask whether AVs will demand more or less road infrastructure. We conclude by suggesting that AVs offer the first opportunity to rethink urban life and city design since cars replaced horse-powered traffic and changed the design of cities for a hundred years.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-18
Issue: 4
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1493883
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1493883
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:4:p:3-18
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adriano Tanda
Author-X-Name-First: Adriano
Author-X-Name-Last: Tanda
Author-Name: Alberto De Marco
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto
Author-X-Name-Last: De Marco
Title: Drivers of Public Demand of IoT-Enabled Smart City Services: A Regional Analysis
Abstract:
City councils are increasing their investments in smart city projects to face the challenges of growing urbanization. In this context, it becomes important to understand the motivations that drive public spending. Through a survey administered to Italian municipal policy-makers and managers, a framework of influential factors is developed and three main drivers are revealed: savings on public budget, better quality of life of the citizens, and city’s wealth. This work allows researchers to better understand the public demand for smart city solutions, policy-makers to gain insight on their return on smart city investment, and private smart city service providers to tailor their solutions.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 77-94
Issue: 4
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1509585
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1509585
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:4:p:77-94
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kheir Al-Kodmany
Author-X-Name-First: Kheir
Author-X-Name-Last: Al-Kodmany
Title: The Sustainable City: Practical Planning and Design Approaches
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 95-100
Issue: 4
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1521584
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1521584
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:4:p:95-100
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard E. Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 4
Volume: 25
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1529965
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1529965
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:25:y:2018:i:4:p:1-2
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard E. Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 3
Volume: 27
Year: 2020
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1866856
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1866856
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:27:y:2020:i:3:p:1-2
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kevin C. Desouza
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Desouza
Author-Name: Michael Hunter
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Hunter
Author-Name: Benoy Jacob
Author-X-Name-First: Benoy
Author-X-Name-Last: Jacob
Author-Name: Tan Yigitcanlar
Author-X-Name-First: Tan
Author-X-Name-Last: Yigitcanlar
Title: Pathways to the Making of Prosperous Smart Cities: An Exploratory Study on the Best Practice
Abstract:
In this paper, we examine the understudied issue of the pathways to smart cities. While the extant literature on smart cities offers several insights into what smart cities are, with a few notable exceptions, it has less to say about how they come to be. With this latter question in mind, we identify three pathways to smart cities: (1) a greenfield development pathway, (2) a neighborhood development pathway, and (3) a platform-oriented platform. Drawing on nine different case studies, we offer some insights into the way in which each of these pathways is, more or less, able to realize the desired smart-city objectives. While exploratory in nature, the study offers unique insights into the pathways to smart cities as well as areas for future research.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-32
Issue: 3
Volume: 27
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1807251
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1807251
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:27:y:2020:i:3:p:3-32
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martijn Gerritsen
Author-X-Name-First: Martijn
Author-X-Name-Last: Gerritsen
Author-Name: Federico Savini
Author-X-Name-First: Federico
Author-X-Name-Last: Savini
Author-Name: Beatriz Pineda Revilla
Author-X-Name-First: Beatriz Pineda
Author-X-Name-Last: Revilla
Title: The Social Appraisal of Techno-Experiments: Whirlpools and Mosaics of Smart Urbanism
Abstract:
Technology-driven experiments—techno-experiments—have become a central mode of spatial intervention in a paradigm of smart growth. They are often considered a manifestation of a techno-managerial approach to governance, built upon the increasing influence of IT corporations on urban politics. Yet, there is little evidence indicating how these interests articulate techno-experiments and shape their legacies over the long run. This paper questions the varied politics of techno-experiments by comparing four projects in Stockholm and Amsterdam: two smart energy grid pilots and two online community-based platforms. Mobilizing the notion of the “social appraisal of technology,” it argues that techno-experiments can take different forms depending on how the role of digital technology is defined and negotiated by actors throughout the process of experimentation. The paper empirically shows that experiments can evolve in two main ways, defined as “whirlpools” and “mosaics.” As whirlpools, they upscale self-referentially; as mosaics, they instead extend into a set of scattered spin-offs. The key factors producing such outcomes, these cases show, are the form of partnership established at the outset of techno-experiments, and the ability of research funding and governmental agencies to steer projects as they develop.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 33-54
Issue: 3
Volume: 27
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1777812
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1777812
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:27:y:2020:i:3:p:33-54
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wenshu Li
Author-X-Name-First: Wenshu
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Tao Feng
Author-X-Name-First: Tao
Author-X-Name-Last: Feng
Author-Name: Harry J.P. Timmermans
Author-X-Name-First: Harry J.P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Timmermans
Author-Name: Ming Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Ming
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Title: The Public’s Acceptance of and Intention to Use ICTs when Participating in Urban Planning Processes
Abstract:
Urban planning/management is a complex process requiring multidisciplinary technical support and public approval. With the rapid development of information and communication technology, e-participation has brought unprecedented opportunities for urban planning and management in the sense that it potentially represents more efficiently and effectively the interests of different citizens. Nevertheless, the availability of new technologies does not guarantee success. In China, many local planning agencies began with enthusiastic ideas and investments but ended up with disappointment and frustration. Therefore, it is of critical importance to understand the general interest of the public to have access to and use information and communication technologies (ICT) in urban planning processes. This study develops a Stated Preference (SP) experiment to measure citizen’s preferences and intentions to use modern ICT media in urban planning processes. The results show that the intention to participate in urban planning processes using different ICT tools differs by socio-demographic variables. The research findings provide relevant information about the effects of different communication strategies on citizen engagement.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 55-73
Issue: 3
Volume: 27
Year: 2020
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1852816
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1852816
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:27:y:2020:i:3:p:55-73
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gamze Dane
Author-X-Name-First: Gamze
Author-X-Name-Last: Dane
Author-Name: Jinhee Kim
Author-X-Name-First: Jinhee
Author-X-Name-Last: Kim
Author-Name: Dujuan Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Dujuan
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Title: Preferences Regarding a Web-Based, Neighborhood-Level Intervention Program to Promote Household Energy Conservation
Abstract:
The aim of this study is to investigate people’s willingness to participate in and their preferences regarding a web-based, neighborhood-level energy conservation program. We created a hypothetical program that incorporates several intervention strategies and presented it to 715 respondents in the form of a stated choice experiment. A strong majority of participants indicated that they would be willing to join such a program. Their preferences as to how the program should be constructed reflected interest in personalized feedback, privacy protection, monetary incentives for reducing energy use, and a relatively short-term initial commitment. However, there was variation in people’s taste for such attributes. We conclude with reflections on how to design and implement a web-based intervention program and on future research possibilities.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 75-91
Issue: 3
Volume: 27
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1756688
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1756688
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:27:y:2020:i:3:p:75-91
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elisabeth Lehec
Author-X-Name-First: Elisabeth
Author-X-Name-Last: Lehec
Title: Alternative Techniques to Large Urban Networks: The Misunderstandings about the Success of On-Site Composting in Paris
Abstract:
In countries of the North, shared on-site composting has been popular with actors, institutions, and inhabitants. Based on field work conducted in Paris, this article shows that public institutions are disqualifying these low-tech techniques for providing urban services, while residents involved in composting do it mostly for pleasure. This difference in the aims of decentralized techniques and large networks merits being taken into account when designing more efficient urban services, which can connect large networks and on-site techniques. Achieving such coordination would imply reversing the way in which urban services are organized. Instead of setting up techniques that uniformly collect waste throughout a territory, services should be designed in view of the demand for the finished product. This leads to questioning the concept of public service and asking what a city has to offer to its inhabitants. Does a city owe its inhabitants a uniform collection system, while reducing the waste that goes into landfills? Or should it guarantee a long-term reduction in the generation of the amount of waste produced?
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 93-113
Issue: 3
Volume: 27
Year: 2020
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1814650
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1814650
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:27:y:2020:i:3:p:93-113
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 4
Volume: 27
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.1896107
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.1896107
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:27:y:2020:i:4:p:1-2
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Panagiotopoulou
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Panagiotopoulou
Author-Name: Giorgos Somarakis
Author-X-Name-First: Giorgos
Author-X-Name-Last: Somarakis
Author-Name: Anastasia Stratigea
Author-X-Name-First: Anastasia
Author-X-Name-Last: Stratigea
Title: Smartening up Participatory Cultural Tourism Planning in Historical City Centers
Abstract:
Radical developments in information and communication technologies (ICT) have widely affected urban sectors including cultural tourism. Furthermore, ICT have influenced modern spatial planning practices and have contributed to the advancement of interactive Web-GIS technologies that create new challenges and opportunities for spatial data management and potential for stakeholders’ engagement in planning. The convergence of culture, tourism, and ICT; developments in ICT-enabled planning; and interactive Web-GIS technologies have offered new opportunities for collaborative cultural planning. In such a context, the scope of this paper is to combine ICT-enabled, planning-related principles, cultural mapping, crowdsourcing, data management tools, and spatial models in an integrated framework, serving heritage-led development objectives. Focus is placed on broadening cultural planning perspectives through strengthening stakeholders’ engagement in the process of sustainably managing local assets and designing cultural tourism products that spread benefits to the local economy and reboot development processes. The study attempts to illustrate the added value of mature ICT-enabled approaches, tools, and technologies in the cultural tourism sector, reflecting the increasing smart tourism interest and applications that flourish in a smart city context.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-26
Issue: 4
Volume: 27
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1528540
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1528540
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:27:y:2020:i:4:p:3-26
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel H. Stolfi
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Stolfi
Author-Name: Enrique Alba
Author-X-Name-First: Enrique
Author-X-Name-Last: Alba
Author-Name: Xin Yao
Author-X-Name-First: Xin
Author-X-Name-Last: Yao
Title: Can I Park in the City Center? Predicting Car Park Occupancy Rates in Smart Cities
Abstract:
Finding an available parking space can be difficult in parts of most cities, especially in city centers. In this article, we address the study of parking occupancy data in Birmingham, Glasgow, Norfolk, and Nottingham in the United Kingdom. We test several prediction strategies, such as polynomial fitting, Fourier series, K-means clustering, and time series, and analyze their results. We use cross-validation to train the predictors and then test them with unseen occupancy data. Additionally, we develop a web service to visualize the current and historical parking data in a map, allowing users to consult the occupancy rate forecast up to one week in advance to satisfy their parking needs. We believe that the use of these accurate, intelligent techniques creates user services for citizens living in real smart cities as a way of improving their quality of life, decreasing wait times, and reducing fuel consumption.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 27-41
Issue: 4
Volume: 27
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2019.1586223
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2019.1586223
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:27:y:2020:i:4:p:27-41
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hao Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Hao
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Xianfeng Song
Author-X-Name-First: Xianfeng
Author-X-Name-Last: Song
Author-Name: Changhui Xu
Author-X-Name-First: Changhui
Author-X-Name-Last: Xu
Author-Name: Xiaoping Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoping
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Title: Using Mobile Phone Data to Examine Point-of-Interest Urban Mobility
Abstract:
Human mobility patterns have been investigated on a macroscale ranging from intra-city and intercity to intra-country based on mobile phone data. However, few studies have been conducted from a micro-view to characterize group-level human mobility behavior with respect to a point of interest (POI). In this paper, we intend to explore the differences in mobility patterns across those groups of community members at a specific POI. First, an appearance probability estimation algorithm is proposed to detect individual frequent locations for each user, and thereafter mobile users are classified into POI-related categories for further analysis of group-level mobility behavior. A hospital experiment is described based on a mobile phone dataset collected from Hangzhou City, China. An evaluation of this model illustrates the good performance of our scheme. Moreover, the mobility pattern analysis exhibits differences between groups with respect to frequent locations, radius of gyration, and population spatial distribution. The results of the radius of gyration distributions show that medical workers, out-patients, and passersby all follow an exponentially truncated power-law distribution, while in-patients present an exponential-law distribution.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 43-58
Issue: 4
Volume: 27
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.1882175
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.1882175
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:27:y:2020:i:4:p:43-58
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Deakin
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Deakin
Author-Name: Alasdair Reid
Author-X-Name-First: Alasdair
Author-X-Name-Last: Reid
Author-Name: Luca Mora
Author-X-Name-First: Luca
Author-X-Name-Last: Mora
Title: Smart Cities: The Metrics of Future Internet-Based Developments and Renewable Energies of Urban and Regional Innovation
Abstract:
This paper closes a gap in the literature on smart cities relating to the metrics of future Internet-based developments. It achieves this by presenting the findings of a case study that overcomes the methodological shortcomings that otherwise exist in the metrics of future Internet-based developments and sets the stage for the renewable energies that play out as an urban and regional innovation. The case study serves to demonstrate how getting beneath the headlines that surround claims made about the metrics of future Internet-based developments provide the measures needed to bottom them out and verify whether the renewable energies, which play out as an urban and regional innovation, are not only clean enough for the growth this generates to sustain an ecological modernization, but also sufficiently inclusive for climate neutral adaptations to be just.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 59-78
Issue: 4
Volume: 27
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1868738
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1868738
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:27:y:2020:i:4:p:59-78
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Victoria Fernandez-Anez
Author-X-Name-First: Victoria
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernandez-Anez
Author-Name: Guillermo Velazquez
Author-X-Name-First: Guillermo
Author-X-Name-Last: Velazquez
Author-Name: Fiamma Perez-Prada
Author-X-Name-First: Fiamma
Author-X-Name-Last: Perez-Prada
Author-Name: Andrés Monzón
Author-X-Name-First: Andrés
Author-X-Name-Last: Monzón
Title: Smart City Projects Assessment Matrix: Connecting Challenges and Actions in the Mediterranean Region
Abstract:
There is much enthusiasm about smart city development, but the actual implementation of smart projects creates a need for specific methodologies to assess smart city projects. This paper proposes a holistic framework for assessing and interrelating smart city projects and urban challenges in a specific region and for evaluating the projects’ potential to generate effects. A generalized Smart City Projects Assessment Matrix (SC[PAM]) is proposed as a tool and applied to the South and East Mediterranean Region at both the regional and project levels. The tool is validated through its application to five case studies. Guidelines for project implementation in the area are extracted.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 79-103
Issue: 4
Volume: 27
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2018.1498706
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2018.1498706
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:27:y:2020:i:4:p:79-103
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kheir Al-Kodmany
Author-X-Name-First: Kheir
Author-X-Name-Last: Al-Kodmany
Title: Copenhagenize: The Definitive Guide to Global Bicycle Urbanism
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 105-107
Issue: 4
Volume: 27
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.1888535
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.1888535
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:27:y:2020:i:4:p:105-107
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mallika Bose
Author-X-Name-First: Mallika
Author-X-Name-Last: Bose
Title: Resilience for All: Striving for Equity through Community-Driven Design
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 107-109
Issue: 4
Volume: 27
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.1888540
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.1888540
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:27:y:2020:i:4:p:107-109
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luca Mora
Author-X-Name-First: Luca
Author-X-Name-Last: Mora
Author-Name: Mark Deakin
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Deakin
Author-Name: Xiaoling Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoling
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Michael Batty
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Batty
Author-Name: Martin de Jong
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: de Jong
Author-Name: Paolo Santi
Author-X-Name-First: Paolo
Author-X-Name-Last: Santi
Author-Name: Francesco Paolo Appio
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco Paolo
Author-X-Name-Last: Appio
Title: Assembling Sustainable Smart City Transitions: An Interdisciplinary Theoretical Perspective
Abstract:
This Special Issue begins with a middle-range theory of sustainable smart city transitions, which forms bridges between theorizing in smart city development studies and some of the foundational assumptions underpinning transition management and system innovation research, human geography, spatial planning, and critical urban scholarship. This interdisciplinary theoretical formulation details our evidence-based interpretation of how smart city transitions should be conceptualized and enacted in order to overcome the oversimplification fallacy resulting from corporate discourses on smart urbanism. By offering a broad and realistic understanding of smart city transitions, the proposed theory combines different smart-city-related concepts in a model which attempts to expose what causal mechanisms surface in sustainable smart city transitions and to guide empirical inquiry in smart city research. Together with all the authors contributing to this Special Issue, our objective is to give smart city research more robust scientific foundations and to generate theoretical propositions upon which subsequent large-scale empirical testing can be conducted. With the proposed middle-range theory, different empirical settings can be investigated by using the same analytical elements, facilitating the cross-case analysis and synthesis of the systematic research efforts which are progressively contributing to shedding light on the assemblage of sustainable smart city transitions.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-27
Issue: 1-2
Volume: 28
Year: 2021
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1834831
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1834831
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:28:y:2021:i:1-2:p:1-27
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zezhou Wu
Author-X-Name-First: Zezhou
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu
Author-Name: Mingyang Jiang
Author-X-Name-First: Mingyang
Author-X-Name-Last: Jiang
Author-Name: Heng Li
Author-X-Name-First: Heng
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Xiaoling Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoling
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Title: Mapping the Knowledge Domain of Smart City Development to Urban Sustainability: A Scientometric Study
Abstract:
Smart city development plays an important role in achieving urban sustainability. This paper uses mapping of knowledge domain (MKD) analysis to review 965 studies concerning smart city development and urban sustainability (SCDUS). The most influential journals, scholars, articles, keywords, and regions in the SCDUS research field are identified. Research findings also reveal four prevailing topic clusters in the current SCDUS field, namely information technology, energy and environment, urban transportation and mobility, and urban policy and development planning. Potential research frontiers are further proposed. The findings contribute to a better understanding of the development of current SCDUS research.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 29-53
Issue: 1-2
Volume: 28
Year: 2021
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1777045
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1777045
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:28:y:2021:i:1-2:p:29-53
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alessandro Aurigi
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandro
Author-X-Name-Last: Aurigi
Author-Name: Nancy Odendaal
Author-X-Name-First: Nancy
Author-X-Name-Last: Odendaal
Title: From “Smart in the Box” to “Smart in the City”: Rethinking the Socially Sustainable Smart City in Context
Abstract:
This paper focuses on the importance of framing and conceiving smart urban initiatives and schemes in a highly context-sensitive way, and argues that place-based approaches are essential for enhancing the social sustainability of smart cities. It does so by highlighting how such a perspective is often ignored by discourses and visions that favor generalized and socially skewed ways of framing the “city” as well as the citizens who are expected to become “smart” and benefit from high technologies. These, the paper argues, leave out the important nuances and social and spatial interstices that make places unique, and by doing so weaken the ability of smart to be inclusive and afford a rich landscape of technological appropriation making cities more resilient.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 55-70
Issue: 1-2
Volume: 28
Year: 2021
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2019.1704203
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2019.1704203
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:28:y:2021:i:1-2:p:55-70
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Negar Noori
Author-X-Name-First: Negar
Author-X-Name-Last: Noori
Author-Name: Martin de Jong
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: de Jong
Author-Name: Marijn Janssen
Author-X-Name-First: Marijn
Author-X-Name-Last: Janssen
Author-Name: Daan Schraven
Author-X-Name-First: Daan
Author-X-Name-Last: Schraven
Author-Name: Thomas Hoppe
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoppe
Title: Input-Output Modeling for Smart City Development
Abstract:
While many national and local governments in the world are placing their bets on smart city development in countering challenges such as climate change, air pollution, and congestion, few know exactly how to develop them in practice. A high and rising number of publications has appeared addressing the concept of “smart city,” but not many address its implementation. This paper aims at a conceptual understanding of the smart city by describing its various facets and using them to develop an Input-Output model helping policymakers and analysts make informed design choices. Using this model allows them to further their conceptual understanding of smart cities, envisage design choices they will face during planning and implementation, and help them to understand the impact of these choices. The model is illustrated by introducing the case of “Smart Dubai.” Overall, this paper provides enhanced understanding of smart city development processes. This can be used in decision-making processes.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 71-92
Issue: 1-2
Volume: 28
Year: 2021
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1794728
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1794728
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:28:y:2021:i:1-2:p:71-92
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicos Komninos
Author-X-Name-First: Nicos
Author-X-Name-Last: Komninos
Author-Name: Christina Kakderi
Author-X-Name-First: Christina
Author-X-Name-Last: Kakderi
Author-Name: Antonio Collado
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio
Author-X-Name-Last: Collado
Author-Name: Ilektra Papadaki
Author-X-Name-First: Ilektra
Author-X-Name-Last: Papadaki
Author-Name: Anastasia Panori
Author-X-Name-First: Anastasia
Author-X-Name-Last: Panori
Title: Digital Transformation of City Ecosystems: Platforms Shaping Engagement and Externalities across Vertical Markets
Abstract:
The paper focuses on the design of urban digital transformation strategies. It builds upon the lessons learned from the Digital Cities Challenge initiative, developed by the European Commission, designed to empower European cities to design and implement digital transformation strategies for the uptake of advanced digital services and the smart growth of city ecosystems. We study three cities that participated in the Digital Cities Challenge—Sofia, Granada, and Kavala—and provide an overview of the strategy designs they adopted. The results indicate that beside significant differences in context, sectors, and ecosystems targeted at those cities, common features shape the design of their digital transformation strategies based on digital platforms, such as opening markets for e-services, enhancement of local infrastructures, improving digital skills, and innovation funding mechanisms. We argue that creating digital platforms for ecosystem building is an essential strategy of digital transformation as it can produce network effects and externalities in digital space, similar to those deriving from spatial proximity in physical space. As a result, both spatial and digital network effects lead the development of externalities that play a key role in the formation, expansion, and sustainability of ecosystems.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 93-114
Issue: 1-2
Volume: 28
Year: 2021
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1805712
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1805712
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:28:y:2021:i:1-2:p:93-114
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mengbing Du
Author-X-Name-First: Mengbing
Author-X-Name-Last: Du
Author-Name: Xiaoling Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoling
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Luca Mora
Author-X-Name-First: Luca
Author-X-Name-Last: Mora
Title: Strategic Planning for Smart City Development: Assessing Spatial Inequalities in the Basic Service Provision of Metropolitan Cities
Abstract:
Spatial inequality in basic service provision is a key challenge for smart city development strategies. With a focus on walkable accessibility, this paper proposes a new methodological approach to analyzing spatial inequalities in metropolitan cities. In addition to proving the effectiveness of the proposed methodology by using New York City as an empirical case, the insights offered by the analysis contribute to an improvement in the current understanding of the negative implications that spatial inequalities can have on public health. Policies concerning local public service rearrangement should consider spatial inequalities to promote more effective forms of public participation both in the United States and globally.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 115-134
Issue: 1-2
Volume: 28
Year: 2021
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1803715
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1803715
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:28:y:2021:i:1-2:p:115-134
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tan Yigitcanlar
Author-X-Name-First: Tan
Author-X-Name-Last: Yigitcanlar
Author-Name: Nayomi Kankanamge
Author-X-Name-First: Nayomi
Author-X-Name-Last: Kankanamge
Author-Name: Karen Vella
Author-X-Name-First: Karen
Author-X-Name-Last: Vella
Title: How Are Smart City Concepts and Technologies Perceived and Utilized? A Systematic Geo-Twitter Analysis of Smart Cities in Australia
Abstract:
“Smart cities” is a hot topic in debates about urban policy and practice across the globe. There is, however, limited knowledge and understanding about trending smart city concepts and technologies; relationships between popular smart city concepts and technologies; policies that influence the perception and utilization of smart city concepts and technologies. The aim of this study is to evaluate how smart city concepts and technologies are perceived and utilized in cities. The methodology involves a social media analysis approach—i.e., systematic geo-Twitter analysis—that contains descriptive, content, policy, and spatial analyses. For the empirical investigation, the Australian context is selected as the testbed. The results reveal that: (a) innovation, sustainability, and governance are the most popular smart city concepts; (b) internet-of-things, artificial intelligence, and autonomous vehicle technology are the most popular technologies; (c) a balanced view exists on the importance of both smart city concepts and technologies; (d) Sydney, Melbourne, and Brisbane are the leading Australian smart cities; (e) systematic geo-Twitter analysis is a useful methodological approach for investigating perceptions and utilization of smart city concepts and technologies. The findings provide a clear snapshot of community perceptions on smart city concepts and technologies, and can inform smart city policymaking.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 135-154
Issue: 1-2
Volume: 28
Year: 2021
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1753483
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1753483
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:28:y:2021:i:1-2:p:135-154
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Khushboo Gupta
Author-X-Name-First: Khushboo
Author-X-Name-Last: Gupta
Author-Name: Ralph P. Hall
Author-X-Name-First: Ralph P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hall
Title: Exploring Smart City Project Implementation Risks in the Cities of Kakinada and Kanpur
Abstract:
With an increasing number of smart city initiatives in developed as well as developing nations, smart cities are seen as a catalyst for improving the quality of life for city residents. However, the current understanding of the risks that may hamper the successful implementation of smart city projects remains limited. This research examines the risk landscape for implementing smart city projects in two Indian cities, Kakinada and Kanpur, by interviewing 20 professionals from industry and local government who were closely associated with implementing smart city projects. Seven risks are identified—namely resource management and partnership, institutional, scheduling and execution, social, financial, political, and technology—using thematic analysis. Further, the interrelationships between the risks are modelled using causal mapping techniques. The results suggest different risk priorities among the two types of professionals interviewed. Further, a number of risks were found to be closely connected. These findings suggest that risk mitigation strategies need to take a comprehensive view towards all risks and their interconnections instead of managing each risk in isolation.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 155-173
Issue: 1-2
Volume: 28
Year: 2021
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1796115
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1796115
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:28:y:2021:i:1-2:p:155-173
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel van den Buuse
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: van den Buuse
Author-Name: Willem van Winden
Author-X-Name-First: Willem
Author-X-Name-Last: van Winden
Author-Name: Wieke Schrama
Author-X-Name-First: Wieke
Author-X-Name-Last: Schrama
Title: Balancing Exploration and Exploitation in Sustainable Urban Innovation: An Ambidexterity Perspective toward Smart Cities
Abstract:
The potential of technological innovation to address urban sustainability has been widely acknowledged over the last decade. Across cities globally, local governments have engaged in partnership arrangements with the private sector to initiate pilot projects for urban innovation, typically co-funded by innovation subsidies. A recurring challenge however is how to scale up successful projects and generate more impact. Drawing on the business and management literature, we introduce the concept of organizational ambidexterity to provide a novel theoretical perspective on sustainable urban innovations. We examine how to align exploration (i.e., test and experiment with digital technologies, products, platforms, and services) with exploitation (i.e., reaping the financial benefits from digital technologies by bringing products, platforms, and services to the market), rooted in the literature on smart cities. We conclude that the concept of ambidexterity, as elaborated in the business and management literature and practiced by firms, can be translated to the city policy domain, provided that upscaling or exploitation in a smart city context also includes the translation of insights from urban experiments, successful or not, into new routines, regulations, protocols, and stakeholder/citizen engagement methods.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 175-197
Issue: 1-2
Volume: 28
Year: 2021
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1835048
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1835048
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:28:y:2021:i:1-2:p:175-197
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Amin Anjomshoaa
Author-X-Name-First: Amin
Author-X-Name-Last: Anjomshoaa
Author-Name: Paolo Santi
Author-X-Name-First: Paolo
Author-X-Name-Last: Santi
Author-Name: Fabio Duarte
Author-X-Name-First: Fabio
Author-X-Name-Last: Duarte
Author-Name: Carlo Ratti
Author-X-Name-First: Carlo
Author-X-Name-Last: Ratti
Title: Quantifying the Spatio-Temporal Potential of Drive-by Sensing in Smart Cities
Abstract:
Recently, portable sensors, with high accuracy and embedded communication technologies, have become available and affordable. By deploying such sensors on various urban vehicles that routinely navigate through city streets, vehicles can form a dynamic network for comprehensively and efficiently monitoring the urban environment. This drive-by sensing approach benefits also from the lower costs of sensor deployment and maintenance compared to stationary sensor networks. However, the data sampling frequency and spatial granularity of measurements are constrained by factors such as topology of the underlying street network and mobility pattern of sensor-equipped vehicles. In this paper we investigate the effect of street network topology on the quality of data captured through drive-by sensing. To this end, we first study the temporal aspects of drive-by sensing and present a quantitative method for comparing various street networks. Then, we consider the spatial aspects of drive-by sensing by defining a sensing-potential indicator for urban areas based on the geometrical properties of the street networks. This indicator is then combined with vehicle mobility patterns derived to measure the sensing potential of routes and cycles. In this context, we define the novel concept of Sensogram for describing the spatial sensing potential of network cycles using dedicated vehicles.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 199-216
Issue: 1-2
Volume: 28
Year: 2021
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1791679
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1791679
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:28:y:2021:i:1-2:p:199-216
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wei Tu
Author-X-Name-First: Wei
Author-X-Name-Last: Tu
Author-Name: Paolo Santi
Author-X-Name-First: Paolo
Author-X-Name-Last: Santi
Author-Name: Xiaoyi He
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoyi
Author-X-Name-Last: He
Author-Name: Tianhong Zhao
Author-X-Name-First: Tianhong
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao
Author-Name: Xianglong Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Xianglong
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Qingquan Li
Author-X-Name-First: Qingquan
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Timothy J. Wallington
Author-X-Name-First: Timothy J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wallington
Author-Name: Gregory A. Keoleian
Author-X-Name-First: Gregory A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Keoleian
Author-Name: Carlo Ratti
Author-X-Name-First: Carlo
Author-X-Name-Last: Ratti
Title: Understanding Ridesourcing Mobility and the Future of Electrification: A Comparative Study in Beijing
Abstract:
The development of mobile Internet, smartphones, and location-based services has enabled ridesourcing, which pools vehicles and drivers to provide on-demand travel services. As an alternative transportation option, ridesourcing has significant impacts on urban travel. However, the unique mobility pattern of ridesourcing and its impact on vehicle electrification have not been well studied. To address this gap, this paper presents a comparative, big-data-driven framework to characterize the ridesourcing mobility pattern, and evaluate the acceptance potential of electric vehicles for ridesourcing in comparison with other types of vehicle use. Multi-temporal resolution ridesourcing trips are extracted from raw GPS trajectories. The patterns of three urban travel (household, ridesourcing, and taxis) are extracted from GPS trajectories in Beijing, and compared. The electrification potentials of these types of travel under different charging levels are then evaluated. The results demonstrate that mobility patterns of household, ridesourcing, and taxi drivers are similar when a single trip is considered but differ significantly when total vehicle travel is considered. We show that potential acceptance of electric vehicles decreases significantly from household to ridesourcing and taxi vehicle use. These findings provide useful insights into of the role vehicle electrification can play in sustainability of urban personal transportation across a range of drivers.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 217-236
Issue: 1-2
Volume: 28
Year: 2021
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1761755
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1761755
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:28:y:2021:i:1-2:p:217-236
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francesca Martelli
Author-X-Name-First: Francesca
Author-X-Name-Last: Martelli
Author-Name: M. Elena Renda
Author-X-Name-First: M. Elena
Author-X-Name-Last: Renda
Author-Name: Jinhua Zhao
Author-X-Name-First: Jinhua
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao
Title: The Price of Privacy Control in Mobility Sharing
Abstract:
One of the main features in mobility sharing applications is the exposure of personal data provided to the system. Transportation and location data can reveal personal habits, preferences, and behaviors, and riders could be keen not to share the exact location of their origin and/or destination. But what is the price of privacy in terms of decreased efficiency of a mobility sharing system? In this paper we address the privacy issues under this point of view, and show how location privacy-preserving techniques could affect the performance of mobility-sharing applications, in terms of both system efficiency and quality of service. To this extent, we first apply different data-masking techniques to anonymize geographical information, and then compare the performance of shareability network-based trip-matching algorithms for ride-sharing, applied to real data and to privacy-preserving data. The goal of the paper is to evaluate the performance of mobility-sharing, privacy-preserving systems, and to shed light on the trade-off between data privacy and its costs. The results show that the total traveled distance increase due to the introduction of data privacy could be bounded if users are willing to spend (or “pay”) for more time in order to share a trip, meaning that data location privacy affects both efficiency and quality of service.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 237-262
Issue: 1-2
Volume: 28
Year: 2021
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1794712
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1794712
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:28:y:2021:i:1-2:p:237-262
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: T. Nochta
Author-X-Name-First: T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Nochta
Author-Name: L. Wan
Author-X-Name-First: L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wan
Author-Name: J. M. Schooling
Author-X-Name-First: J. M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Schooling
Author-Name: A. K. Parlikad
Author-X-Name-First: A. K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Parlikad
Title: A Socio-Technical Perspective on Urban Analytics: The Case of City-Scale Digital Twins
Abstract:
This paper demonstrates that a shift from a purely technical to a more socio-technical perspective has significant implications for the conceptualization, design, and implementation of smart city technologies. Such implications are discussed and illustrated through the case of an emerging urban analytics tool, the City-scale Digital Twin. Based on interdisciplinary insights and a participatory knowledge co-production and tool co-development process, including both researchers and prospective users, we conclude that in order to move beyond a mere “hype technology,” City-Scale Digital Twins must reflect the specifics of the urban and socio-political context.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 263-287
Issue: 1-2
Volume: 28
Year: 2021
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1798177
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1798177
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:28:y:2021:i:1-2:p:263-287
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gareth W. Young
Author-X-Name-First: Gareth W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Young
Author-Name: Rob Kitchin
Author-X-Name-First: Rob
Author-X-Name-Last: Kitchin
Author-Name: Jeneen Naji
Author-X-Name-First: Jeneen
Author-X-Name-Last: Naji
Title: Building City Dashboards for Different Types of Users
Abstract:
City dashboard websites are a common modality for bringing open-government philosophies into the public domain. Yet, there has been little research concerning the optimum design for city dashboards that takes account of users’ expectations and skills. Indeed, there has been minimal exploration of user-centered design (UCD) to improve the usability and utility of smart city technologies in general. This study sought to conduct a user evaluation analysis to inform a UCD approach to city dashboards. Interviews with different types of users were conducted that applied a protocol analysis to gain insight into user perspectives and experiences of city dashboards. Along with critical incident technique procedures, interaction data of critical significance to the user was collected and a content analysis was conducted. These qualitative data were used to determine representations of users, as identified through observed behaviors, attitudes, needs, and goals. Targeted-scope user experience personas for the design process were then constructed to represent and build empathy towards three potential users of city dashboard systems: novices, end-users, and advanced users. The collected user requirements and the personas formulated are underpinning the re-design of an existing city dashboard.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 289-309
Issue: 1-2
Volume: 28
Year: 2021
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1759994
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1759994
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:28:y:2021:i:1-2:p:289-309
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adrian Smith
Author-X-Name-First: Adrian
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith
Author-Name: Pedro Prieto Martín
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro Prieto
Author-X-Name-Last: Martín
Title: Going Beyond the Smart City? Implementing Technopolitical Platforms for Urban Democracy in Madrid and Barcelona
Abstract:
Digital platforms for urban democracy are analyzed in Madrid and Barcelona. These platforms permit citizens to debate urban issues with other citizens; to propose developments, plans, and policies for city authorities; and to influence how city budgets are spent. Contrasting with neoliberal assumptions about Smart Citizenship, the technopolitics discourse underpinning these developments recognizes that the technologies facilitating participation have themselves to be developed democratically. That is, technopolitical platforms are built and operate as open, commons-based processes for learning, reflection, and adaptation. These features prove vital to platform implementation consistent with aspirations for citizen engagement and activism.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 311-330
Issue: 1-2
Volume: 28
Year: 2021
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1786337
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1786337
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:28:y:2021:i:1-2:p:311-330
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel G. Chatman
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Chatman
Title: The Internet City: People, Companies, Systems, and Vehicles
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 331-332
Issue: 1-2
Volume: 28
Year: 2021
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1844959
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1844959
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:28:y:2021:i:1-2:p:331-332
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chaosu Li
Author-X-Name-First: Chaosu
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Title: Smart World Cities in the 21st Century
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 333-335
Issue: 1-2
Volume: 28
Year: 2021
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1844960
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1844960
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:28:y:2021:i:1-2:p:333-335
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eva Kassens-Noor
Author-X-Name-First: Eva
Author-X-Name-Last: Kassens-Noor
Author-Name: Mark Wilson
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson
Author-Name: Meng Cai
Author-X-Name-First: Meng
Author-X-Name-Last: Cai
Author-Name: Noah Durst
Author-X-Name-First: Noah
Author-X-Name-Last: Durst
Author-Name: Travis Decaminada
Author-X-Name-First: Travis
Author-X-Name-Last: Decaminada
Title: Autonomous vs. Self-Driving Vehicles: The Power of Language to Shape Public Perceptions
Abstract:
Public perception of the next generation of vehicles will affect their design, deployment, and ultimately their use. As the engineering terms of self-driving, driverless, fully automated, and autonomous were introduced to the social sciences and the public at large, the subtle differences among these terms have been lost. However, using them as synonyms even though they may not be interchangeable is problematic. To explore the semantics of different future vehicle terms we surveyed 963 Michigan residents on their understanding of “autonomous” and “self-driving.” We found significant differences in perceptions between the terms autonomous and self-driving vehicles. While the former invokes many more uncertain responses, the latter is laden with concerns. These results suggest that the language used to describe the next generation of vehicles may shape public reaction and acceptance. As new mobility options are introduced to the public, our understanding of them will be shaped, in part, by the language used to name and explain the technology. Far from being inconsequential, word choice plays a major, yet underappreciated, role in shaping public opinion.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 5-24
Issue: 3-4
Volume: 28
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1847983
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1847983
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:28:y:2021:i:3-4:p:5-24
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Devon McAslan
Author-X-Name-First: Devon
Author-X-Name-Last: McAslan
Author-Name: Max Gabriele
Author-X-Name-First: Max
Author-X-Name-Last: Gabriele
Author-Name: Thaddeus R. Miller
Author-X-Name-First: Thaddeus R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Miller
Title: Planning and Policy Directions for Autonomous Vehicles in Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs) in the United States
Abstract:
Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are rapidly emerging in United States cities, leaving urban and regional planning institutions unsure how to plan and develop policies. This paper analyzes how regional transportation plans (RTPs) developed by metropolitan planning organizations (MPOs) are approaching the risks and opportunities presented by AVs. Among 52 MPOs, a majority only mention key issues and emphasize high levels of uncertainty. Twelve MPOs develop policies on infrastructure, safety, partnerships, data-sharing, and multimodal transportation. Despite a positive trend, many recently adopted RTPs do not incorporate AVs. To plan for uncertain mobility futures, MPOs must develop more flexible approaches to long-term infrastructure investment.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 175-201
Issue: 3-4
Volume: 28
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.1944751
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.1944751
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:28:y:2021:i:3-4:p:175-201
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlos Ignacio Gutierrez
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos Ignacio
Author-X-Name-Last: Gutierrez
Title: A New Wave of Urban Sprawl: Influence of Autonomous Vehicles on the Policy Toolkit and Property Tax Revenue of Local Governments
Abstract:
Relatively inexpensive vehicles and public policies that favored a vehicle-centric infrastructure facilitated the movement of families from the confines of urban centers to the periphery of cities in the twentieth century. This phenomenon became known as the first wave of urban sprawl. Its negative effects inspired local policymakers to develop a playbook to fight it, including measures such as zoning and pricing mechanisms directed at commuters, developers, and real estate owners. The advent of autonomous vehicles (AVs) in the twenty-first century promises to benefit society in many ways, including reducing congestion and improving access to transportation. Alternatively, this technology may also instigate a new sprawl that jeopardizes the most important source of local government revenue, property taxes. Using scenario development, this article explores the consequences of a future where residents are willing to trade their AV-generated time savings for homes outside of their local government’s jurisdiction, depriving these entities of valuable property tax revenue. It examines how the US policy playbook developed to curtail the first generation of urban sprawl fares in limiting the revenue repercussions of a theoretic AV-induced sprawl.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 155-174
Issue: 3-4
Volume: 28
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.1959784
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.1959784
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:28:y:2021:i:3-4:p:155-174
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Titus Venverloo
Author-X-Name-First: Titus
Author-X-Name-Last: Venverloo
Author-Name: Fábio Duarte
Author-X-Name-First: Fábio
Author-X-Name-Last: Duarte
Author-Name: Tom Benson
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: Benson
Author-Name: Quentin Bitran
Author-X-Name-First: Quentin
Author-X-Name-Last: Bitran
Author-Name: Ardion D. Beldad
Author-X-Name-First: Ardion D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Beldad
Author-Name: Ricardo Alvarez
Author-X-Name-First: Ricardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Alvarez
Author-Name: Carlo Ratti
Author-X-Name-First: Carlo
Author-X-Name-Last: Ratti
Title: Evaluating the Human Experience of Autonomous Boats with Immersive Virtual Reality
Abstract:
Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) are an emergent technology. The very few studies focusing on how people perceive and react to autonomous vehicles are mainly based on online surveys. Although important, these studies measure people‘s opinions on AVs, but not their actual reaction when using them. In this paper, we assess users‘ perceptions of AVs using an immersive virtual reality experiment. We modeled autonomous boats that are intended to be deployed in Amsterdam, the Netherlands. We compared users‘ reactions to manned and unmanned boats in a virtual reality environment. In total, 30 participants were exposed to a Virtual Reality (VR) simulation, where we collected skin conductance data, which was compared with a participant's responses to a questionnaire regarding perceived risk, stress, and trust toward manned and unmanned boats. The study finds that autonomous boats do not substantially influence the experienced stress, trust, or perceived risk in comparison with human-controlled boats. This article also shows the gains that virtual reality can bring to studies of the social appropriation of technologies. Results show the need for objective, quantitative data regarding the societal acceptance toward autonomous systems to better understand how these technologies will be appropriated.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 141-154
Issue: 3-4
Volume: 28
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1802214
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1802214
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:28:y:2021:i:3-4:p:141-154
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Asif Faisal
Author-X-Name-First: Asif
Author-X-Name-Last: Faisal
Author-Name: Tan Yigitcanlar
Author-X-Name-First: Tan
Author-X-Name-Last: Yigitcanlar
Author-Name: Md. Kamruzzaman
Author-X-Name-First: Md.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kamruzzaman
Author-Name: Alexander Paz
Author-X-Name-First: Alexander
Author-X-Name-Last: Paz
Title: Mapping Two Decades of Autonomous Vehicle Research: A Systematic Scientometric Analysis
Abstract:
Autonomous vehicles (AV) have become a symbol of futuristic and intelligent transport innovation. This new driving technology has received heightened attention from academic, public, and private sectors. Nonetheless, a big challenge limiting a clear understanding of AV research is its scale. A large volume of literature is produced—covering various fields. This paper aims to map out the research on AV for a better understanding of the trends, patterns, and interconnections, and it critically reflects on their implications for research. A scientometric analysis technique is applied to analyze 4,645 papers published between 1998 and 2017. The findings disclose that (a) 87.7 percent of the AV studies was conducted by educational institutes; (b) Europe is the most productive continent in AV research with a 35.9 percent share of publications; (c) North America is the most influential continent in AV research, receiving 41.1 percent of the citations; (d) Over 50 percent of the studies were conducted during the last three years of the analysis period; (e) Urban and social contexts of AV research are still at their early stage; and (f) Relatively limited collaboration and knowledge sharing between academia and industry exist.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 45-74
Issue: 3-4
Volume: 28
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1780868
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1780868
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:28:y:2021:i:3-4:p:45-74
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel P. Piatkowski
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Piatkowski
Title: Autonomous Shuttles: What Do Users Expect and How Will They Use Them?
Abstract:
The success of autonomous shuttle services and their ability to deliver on the myriad potential benefits of such services, depends on two issues: (1) willingness to use these services, and (2) the extent to which autonomous shuttle services can replace existing forms of transport, particularly car travel. This paper addresses these issues using survey data drawn from a pilot autonomous shuttle program. Descriptive statistics inform user preferences and expectations regarding autonomous shuttles. Logistic regression is used to specify correlates of willingness and frequency to ride the shuttle, and willingness to do so instead of using other forms of travel. Findings provide preliminary evidence for the existence of an enthusiastic early adopter population and also indicates that an autonomous shuttle service would likely be perceived as complementary to existing multi-modal systems in downtown areas. Additionally, regression results demonstrate that age, working downtown, and perceptions of bus service are associated with willingness to substitute the car for shuttle travel. Future research is needed once autonomous shuttle services become fully operational to understand if, in fact, early-adopters who are enthusiastic about autonomous vehicles continue to use autonomous shuttles once implemented, and to better understand the potential implications of autonomous transit systems in cities.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 97-115
Issue: 3-4
Volume: 28
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.1896345
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.1896345
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:28:y:2021:i:3-4:p:97-115
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eva Kassens-Noor
Author-X-Name-First: Eva
Author-X-Name-Last: Kassens-Noor
Author-Name: Mark Wilson
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson
Author-Name: Tan Yigitcanlar
Author-X-Name-First: Tan
Author-X-Name-Last: Yigitcanlar
Title: Where Are Autonomous Vehicles Taking Us?
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-4
Issue: 3-4
Volume: 28
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.1985318
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.1985318
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:28:y:2021:i:3-4:p:1-4
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter T. Dunn
Author-X-Name-First: Peter T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Dunn
Title: Autonomous People: Identity, Agency, and Automated Driving
Abstract:
The prevailing discourse on autonomous vehicles (AVs) has not yet developed a sophisticated conceptualization of autonomy and has given insufficient attention to the autonomy of people. In response, this article shifts our attention away from the AV’s autonomy and towards that of its user. Autonomy is conceived here as the socially and materially situated capacity of an individual to identify and act on one’s own values and desires, a capacity that is desirable for collective political life. This definition is drawn selectively from a survey of thought illustrating the richness of this concept. I then examine how studies of transportation have already made use of certain themes of autonomy in understanding mobility practices beyond dominant utilitarian models. This sets up an examination of AVs, where the existing literature tends to use a narrow conceptualization of autonomy. I then briefly examine two examples of unsettled questions in AV development, discretionary user controls and shared ride systems, in light of autonomy. The goal of this article is both to show how autonomy can be productive in understanding mobility practices, and to argue for personal autonomy as a normative value worth pursuing in the technical, political, and social development of automated mobility systems.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 25-44
Issue: 3-4
Volume: 28
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.1950104
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.1950104
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:28:y:2021:i:3-4:p:25-44
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah Dennis
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah
Author-X-Name-Last: Dennis
Author-Name: Alexander Paz
Author-X-Name-First: Alexander
Author-X-Name-Last: Paz
Author-Name: Tan Yigitcanlar
Author-X-Name-First: Tan
Author-X-Name-Last: Yigitcanlar
Title: Perceptions and Attitudes Towards the Deployment of Autonomous and Connected Vehicles: Insights from Las Vegas, Nevada
Abstract:
Connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) are quickly becoming part of our transportation systems, and their use is largely dependent on public perceptions. The objective of this study was to evaluate perceptions of CAVs. Specifically, understanding the differences between people who have ridden a CAV in downtown Las Vegas (shuttle-rider survey) versus those who have not (general survey) yet. Two different survey questionnaires were used to collect data that was analyzed by using penalized logistic regression. Results suggest that people who had exposure to CAVs feel more positively about CAVs. Similarly, young, highly educated, males feel more positively about CAVs than their respective counterparts.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 75-95
Issue: 3-4
Volume: 28
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.1879606
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.1879606
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:28:y:2021:i:3-4:p:75-95
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elyse Comeau
Author-X-Name-First: Elyse
Author-X-Name-Last: Comeau
Author-Name: Matthias Sweet
Author-X-Name-First: Matthias
Author-X-Name-Last: Sweet
Author-Name: Leah Birnbaum
Author-X-Name-First: Leah
Author-X-Name-Last: Birnbaum
Title: Shifting Gears for the Automated Vehicle: Findings from Focus Groups in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area
Abstract:
Travel behavior responses to automated vehicles (AVs) could undermine broader transportation policy objectives. This study presents focus group findings on Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTHA) residents’ interest and expected behavioral responses to AVs. Five key consumer response themes are identified: safety and ethics concerns; lack of trust; diverse AV use intentions; agreement on a role for public sector involvement; and disagreement over regulation strategies. Findings indicate that utilitarian behavioral models resonate but that psychosocial explanations, such as “control,” “trust,” and “compatibility” play a stronger role—underscoring the importance for policymakers considering the social processes of new technology adoption.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 117-140
Issue: 3-4
Volume: 28
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.1950501
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.1950501
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:28:y:2021:i:3-4:p:117-140
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen Graham
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen
Author-X-Name-Last: Graham
Author-Name: Simon Marvin
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Marvin
Title: Splintering Urbanism at 20 and the “Infrastructural Turn”
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 169-175
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.2005934
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.2005934
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:1:p:169-175
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Omar Jabary Salamanca
Author-X-Name-First: Omar Jabary
Author-X-Name-Last: Salamanca
Author-Name: Jonathan Silver
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan
Author-X-Name-Last: Silver
Title: In the Excess of Splintering Urbanism: The Racialized Political Economy of Infrastructure
Abstract:
This intervention discusses the relevance of settler colonialism and racial capitalism in the study of splintering urbanism, as an uneven socio-spatial process that simultaneously produces dispossession and racial differentiation. Reflecting on our work in Palestine and South Africa we grapple with what leaks in processes of splintering urbanism and we propose “excess” as a provisional analytical space to focus on the racialized political economies of infrastructure. We argue that excess is a generative concept: to render legible the often-silenced histories, geographies, and experiences produced and managed through infrastructure; to reflect on the way stratified social relations materialize in and through urban networks; and to speculate on liberating horizons. In doing so, we consider infrastructure as an archive, a lively ethnographic repository where modern histories of excess live, and where the contested material relations of racialized political economies unravel.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 117-125
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.2009287
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.2009287
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:1:p:117-125
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jean-Paul D. Addie
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Paul D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Addie
Title: The Times of Splintering Urbanism
Abstract:
The twentieth anniversary of Splintering Urbanism’s publication is an apropos moment to consider the significance of time in, and for, critical infrastructure studies. This commentary brings Splintering Urbanism into dialogue with Lefebvre’s Rhythmanalysis to explore how time and temporality can (re)frame, extend, and challenge how we engage and analyze the networked metropolis. As an empirical concern, conceptual framework, and methodological approach, “infrastructure time” discloses commonalities and contradictions emerging across the infrastructure turn, enriching our understanding of the production of infrastructure space and helping us pose questions about urbanization, urban politics, and the urban condition in new and generative ways.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 109-116
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.2001716
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.2001716
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:1:p:109-116
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Olivier Coutard
Author-X-Name-First: Olivier
Author-X-Name-Last: Coutard
Author-Name: Daniel Florentin
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Florentin
Title: Resource Ecologies, Urban Metabolisms, and the Provision of Essential Services
Abstract:
This short commentary starts from the observation that, until recently, most research addressing infrastructures within urban studies has largely downplayed crucial environmental resource issues. While urban and broader inequalities in and through the distribution of resource flows have been examined, especially within an urban political ecology perspective, other issues, fundamentally associated with resource qualitative and quantitative limitations, largely have not. We therefore argue in this paper that resource issues, broadly construed, can and indeed should be explicitly addressed within an extended conceptualization of (urban) metabolisms. This leads us to re-envisage the frameworks through which urban infrastructures and the provision of essential services should be analyzed. We thus advocate for an update of the urban political ecology agenda that brings resource issues, in their material, political, and spatial dimensions to the center of scientific attention.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 49-58
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.2001718
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.2001718
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:1:p:49-58
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: AbdouMaliq Simone
Author-X-Name-First: AbdouMaliq
Author-X-Name-Last: Simone
Title: Splintering, Specificity, Unsettlement: A Commentary on Splintering Urbanism
Abstract:
This short commentary seeks to supplement the conceptualization of infrastructural splintering with the ways in which the agential functioning of infrastructure—infrastructure as a verb—not only articulates bodies, things, materials, and spaces in cascading relationality, but produces specificities incapable of definitive measure. Here, specific constellations of urban inhabitants refuse to be governed in terms of a calculus that seeks to make judgments about the efficacy of particular living spaces, and their relative sustainability or value. Such specificity is one component of the ways in which infrastructure engenders unsettlement, of both position and sensibility. Part of Splintering Urbanism’s enduring value is found in the multifaceted dimensions of detachment, materialized both in the production of urban operations that resist ready translation into the normative terms of efficacy and in the undermining of normative social relations.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 79-85
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.2010301
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.2010301
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:1:p:79-85
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Timothy Moss
Author-X-Name-First: Timothy
Author-X-Name-Last: Moss
Title: Refracting Urbanism: The Multiple Histories (as well as Geographies) of the Networked City
Abstract:
This piece explores the role of history in the splintering urbanism thesis, and infrastructure studies more generally, to make the case for a more nuanced understanding of the multiple histories underpinning the networked city. I reflect on the use of history as an argumentative ploy in Splintering Urbanism, criticize common framings of the past in infrastructure studies, and map out an agenda for future scholarship on urban infrastructure histories based on this critique. In doing so, I argue that the messiness of infrastructure history gets obscured when told through evolutionary or retrospective narratives.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 127-133
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.2007201
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.2007201
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:1:p:127-133
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kristian Karlo Saguin
Author-X-Name-First: Kristian Karlo
Author-X-Name-Last: Saguin
Author-Name: Maria Khristine Alvarez
Author-X-Name-First: Maria Khristine
Author-X-Name-Last: Alvarez
Title: “Danger Zones,” “Death Zones,” and Paradoxes of Infrastructural Space-Making in Manila
Abstract:
Infrastructure and the spatial practices that coalesce around them come to matter in multiple ways. Building on the legacy of splintering urbanism and subsequent appraisals, we explore the paradoxes of infrastructural spaces in a Global South city. In Manila, urban infrastructure plays a central role in enabling evictions in city spaces marked as “danger zones,” and in inhabiting “death zones” in the peripheries where evictees are resettled. This piece employs a relational view of the tensions between the dispossessive and sustaining work of infrastructure to extend the spatial metaphors of urban infrastructure and to illuminate political possibilities built around connections.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 145-152
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.2009288
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.2009288
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:1:p:145-152
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Donald McNeill
Author-X-Name-First: Donald
Author-X-Name-Last: McNeill
Title: Splintering Volumes: Architecture, Engineering, Finance, and Urban Form
Abstract:
This commentary suggests that Splintering Urbanism provided the tools and metaphors for urbanists to understand how architectural, engineering, and financial knowledge has been brought together to remake urban infrastructure. It uses the concept of volumetric urbanism to illustrate how central cities are segregated, diced, and sliced within their internal structures, and discusses how this perspective opens up the materiality of major urban development projects. The commentary explains how Splintering Urbanism shaped the intellectual terrain for framing how these can be understood as volumetric interventions in the city, retheorizing urban spaces as being stacked and sectioned around reorganized public and private spaces.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 95-100
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.2007202
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.2007202
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:1:p:95-100
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jochen Monstadt
Author-X-Name-First: Jochen
Author-X-Name-Last: Monstadt
Title: Urban and Infrastructural Rhythms and the Politics of Temporal Alignment
Abstract:
To date, urban research has paid little attention to the role of urban infrastructures in shaping and ordering urban temporalities. I contend that the study of infrastructures offers a powerful lens for understanding the reciprocal relationship changing infrastructural and urban temporalities as well as the power-driven processes of temporal alignment and realignment. Approaching time through the empirical study of infrastructures, I argue, reveals how contemporary infrastructural change is entangled with—often conflicting—orientations to the past, present, and future. At the same time, it uncovers how temporal ordering and reordering processes by socio-technical systems not merely reflect, but also enable, constrain, and preconfigure contemporary and future urbanism. Specifically, periods of infrastructural change, crisis, and failure reveal various temporalities, asynchronisms, and misalignments that are otherwise invisible or neglected but are crucial for the broader understanding of urban change and its governance.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 69-77
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.2007205
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.2007205
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:1:p:69-77
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alan Wiig
Author-X-Name-First: Alan
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiig
Author-Name: Andrew Karvonen
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Karvonen
Author-Name: Colin McFarlane
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: McFarlane
Author-Name: Jonathan Rutherford
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan
Author-X-Name-Last: Rutherford
Title: From the Guest EditorsSplintering Urbanism at 20: Mapping Trajectories of Research on Urban Infrastructures
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-11
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.2005930
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.2005930
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:1:p:1-11
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kathryn Furlong
Author-X-Name-First: Kathryn
Author-X-Name-Last: Furlong
Title: Splintering Urbanism @ 20: Reengaging Contradiction, Confinement, and Consumption
Abstract:
The goals laid out in Splintering Urbanism have largely been met. Infrastructure is no longer ignored in critical scholarship, technical determinism is broadly challenged, and infrastructure is widely studied in socio-technical and assemblage terms. Going forward, critical engagement with contradiction, confinement, and consumption are worth contemplating. Contradiction emphasizes how infrastructure is often both-and: social investment and capitalist extraction, unifying and divisive, flow and confinement. Confinement, unlike its analog, receives little attention in infrastructure studies. Infrastructures of control and concentration, however, have a long history and have been expanding in recent decades, enrolling and reconfiguring infrastructures of circulation (or flow) in turn. Last but not least, consumption usually comes into infrastructure studies through a concern with processes of exclusion and fragmentation. It is rarely analyzed in critical, socio-technical terms as an active and complex agent that structures and is structured by infrastructures of production. Through these three themes, we can continue to build on the gains of SI@20.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 153-159
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.2004066
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.2004066
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:1:p:153-159
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: I-Chun Catherine Chang
Author-X-Name-First: I-Chun Catherine
Author-X-Name-Last: Chang
Title: Exploring Urban Infrastructures from the Experience of Cities in the Global South: Urbanism Models, Policy Mobilities, and the Finances
Abstract:
Sustainable and smart urbanism models have been guiding urban development in cities across the globe over the past two decades. Almost invariably, these urbanism models require the planning for and the construction of new urban infrastructure. In addition, new sustainable and smart urban projects also often involve private urban planning firms that actively promote proprietary technologies and financing schemes to fund the projects. These new developments have led to frequent three-way interactions between financing arrangements, the mobilities of the urbanism models, and the implementation of urban infrastructures. To better understand these dynamics, this commentary extends the Graham and Marvin splintering urbanism thesis and incorporates perspectives of policy mobilities and infrastructure finances to set up a research agenda that is more attentive to finance, business operations, and their associated power relations. This commentary aims to identify future research directions for advancing our understanding of contemporary urban infrastructure projects, especially through the lens of cities in the global South.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 39-47
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.2003174
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.2003174
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:1:p:39-47
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Malini Ranganathan
Author-X-Name-First: Malini
Author-X-Name-Last: Ranganathan
Title: Towards a Political Ecology of Caste and the City
Abstract:
In this contribution, I reflect on the under-recognized role of caste and its allied notions of pollution and purity in the making of deeply inequitable, environmentally unjust, and splintered Indian cities. Published in 2001, Graham and Marvin’s Splintering Urbanism addressed the fragmented and unequal nature of infrastructure networks in the wake of globalization in cities of the Global South. Of particular interest to scholars since then has been to trouble the historicity of the book’s central thesis, demonstrating that postcolonial cities have always been splintered along the lines of race, class, and ethnicity via unequal infrastructural networks and segregated housing; as such, globalization is not the primary cause of inequality. Yet, the category of caste, intersecting with class, religion, and gender, still has not featured centrally in critical urban studies and urban political ecology. Drawing on long-term research on Bangalore (southern India), I sketch mutually reinforcing axes of a research agenda in urban political ecology, namely the interrogation of caste power in urban property, infrastructure, and labor regimes.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 135-143
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.2007203
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.2007203
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:1:p:135-143
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vanesa Castán Broto
Author-X-Name-First: Vanesa Castán
Author-X-Name-Last: Broto
Title: Splintering Urbanism and Climate Breakdown
Abstract:
On the anniversary of the publication of Splintering Urbanism, climate breakdown heralds a new era in public investment in infrastructure. However, current proposals for infrastructure overlook two decades of work in infrastructure studies. For example, both the Green New Deal advanced by activists in the United States and the European Green Deal, proposed by the European Commission, establish a dual logic between investments in centralized systems and off-grid systems that reinforce, rather than challenge, the infrastructure models critiqued in Splintering Urbanism. The lessons of Splintering Urbanism debates, such as the rise of post-networked conditions of living in dialogue with everyday practices of living with and against infrastructures, are still missing from the policies that will likely shape urban futures.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 87-93
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.2001717
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.2001717
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:1:p:87-93
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger Keil
Author-X-Name-First: Roger
Author-X-Name-Last: Keil
Title: Of Flying Cars and Pandemic Urbanism: Splintering Urban Society in the Age of Covid-19
Abstract:
Disappointingly to many who grew up at the time, promises of flying cars in the 1960s as a future form of urban transportation were not kept. That future never arrived. In this short commentary, I want to board the metaphorical flying car and steer it into a different direction. At the height of the first wave of Covid-19, a more widespread sentiment took hold that saw the anticipation of increased mobilities dashed by a general anticipation of disaster considered typical for our age today. We might conclude: We don't get the technologies we want because we have left the era of technological progress and entered the era of risk and anticipation of disaster. My commentary appreciates and discusses the lessons we can learn from Splintering Urbanism for our period of pandemic urbanism. How does the kind of networked urbanism that the book examines and critiques provide a framework in which we can understand the emergence, presence, and management of the pandemic as it affects our urban world today?
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 29-37
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.2004069
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.2004069
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:1:p:29-37
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jennifer Gabrys
Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer
Author-X-Name-Last: Gabrys
Title: Programming Nature as Infrastructure in the Smart Forest City
Abstract:
Smart cities typically involve the digitalization of transport and buildings, energy and communications. Yet urban natures are also becoming increasingly digitalized, whether through processes of monitoring, automation, mitigation, or augmentation. This text considers what “splintering urbanisms” materialize through programming nature as infrastructure. By focusing specifically on smart urban forests, I suggest that the management logics of smart infrastructures attempt to program and transform vegetation and its ecologies into uniquely efficient and responsive urban organisms. In the process, these programs of efficiency have the potential to exacerbate extractive economies and social inequalities that amplify and materialize through the “Internet of nature.”
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 13-19
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.2004067
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.2004067
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:1:p:13-19
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Theresa Enright
Author-X-Name-First: Theresa
Author-X-Name-Last: Enright
Title: The Infrastructural Imagination
Abstract:
Throughout Splintering Urbanism, Stephen Graham and Simon Marvin draw attention to the inadequacy of conventional representational paradigms for capturing the vast networked systems comprising contemporary urban space. In their postscript, they make this claim explicit, writing that a new “spatial imaginary” is required “to support the challenges of addressing and researching splintering cities.” In this commentary, I explore this provocation, asking who and what imagines infrastructure? Of what does a progressive infrastructural imaginary consist? And how might such an imaginary be brought about?
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 101-107
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.2001715
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.2001715
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:1:p:101-107
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mimi Sheller
Author-X-Name-First: Mimi
Author-X-Name-Last: Sheller
Title: Splintered Mobilities as Viral Vector: Mobility Justice and Racial Kinopolitics
Abstract:
Covid-19 has made self-evident the insidious effects of infrastructural splintering, especially in the United States, which are the outcome of the very processes first identified by Stephen Graham and Simon Marvin 20 years ago. Splintered infrastructures have left behind unequal access to safe streets, public transit, urban green space, social distancing, and remote work, revealing deep racial, ethnic, and class disparities in risk exposure and vulnerability. Inequitable mobilities within splintered infrastructural contexts are key contributing factors to the vast racial and ethnic disparities seen in SARS-CoV-2 exposure and death rates in the United States. This brief commentary on the intersection of infrastructure studies and critical mobility studies argues that a racial justice perspective offers an understanding of the materialities of injustice at multiple sites and scales that have shaped the pandemic in such uneven and detrimental ways. Focusing on the US context, it centers the racialized kinopolitics of American history at the heart of the Covid-19 pandemic. Beyond the unmaking of splintered urbanism—or a dream of universal infrastructure—pandemic recovery requires mobility justice as a reweaving of fugitive planning represented by critical ideas such as commoning, Marronage, and the undercommons.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 161-167
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2022.2026162
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2022.2026162
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:1:p:161-167
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Prince K. Guma
Author-X-Name-First: Prince K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Guma
Title: The Temporal Incompleteness of Infrastructure and the Urban
Abstract:
This commentary advances “incompleteness” as an explanatory category for infrastructure processes that do not yield or conform to standard ideals, and a corrective to interventions that regard everything that does not appear to yield or conform as failed. Incompleteness offers a useful lens for approaching infrastructures through situated, contingent, and embodied dimensions. It permits a proper reading of infrastructure as transient, and infrastructure development as a process that is affected not solely by neoliberal interventions but also socio-material practices and inscriptions. As such, incompleteness transcends conventional and completist frames, and complements theorizations of infrastructure since Graham and Marvin’s Splintering Urbanism.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 59-67
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.2004068
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.2004068
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:1:p:59-67
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nancy Odendaal
Author-X-Name-First: Nancy
Author-X-Name-Last: Odendaal
Title: Splintering by Proxy: A Reflection on the Spatial Impacts and Distributed Agency of Platform Urbanism
Abstract:
Insight into the socio-technical dynamics of infrastructure unbundling and the impact on urban space is perhaps one of the most enduring conceptual legacies of the Splintering Urbanism thesis. Expanding the analysis of urban infrastructure beyond the material has enabled a reconsideration of the socio-material dynamics contained therein and the actors represented. Two decades later, digital disruptive commercial enterprises such as Uber and Airbnb have broadened this playing field as Silicon Valley enters the local urban realm. This piece reflects on the extent to which this reconfiguration of urban services, media, and technology affect the market forces and range of choices available to urban dwellers. By considering the relationships between platforms and space and the infrastructural elements of such, the paper concludes on the notion of “splintering by proxy:” how the use of digital platforms enrolls the urban dweller as an active contributor in the continued shaping of urban space through distributed agency. This creates opportunities for emancipatory practices that could contribute to more inclusive cities.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 21-27
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.2007204
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.2007204
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:1:p:21-27
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zhou Fang
Author-X-Name-First: Zhou
Author-X-Name-Last: Fang
Author-Name: Ying Jin
Author-X-Name-First: Ying
Author-X-Name-Last: Jin
Author-Name: Tianren Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Tianren
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Title: Incorporating Planning Intelligence into Deep Learning: A Planning Support Tool for Street Network Design
Abstract:
Deep learning applications in shaping ad hoc planning proposals are limited by the difficulty of integrating professional knowledge about cities with artificial intelligence. We propose a novel, complementary use of deep neural networks and planning guidance to automate street network generation that can be context-aware, learning-based, and user-guided. The model tests suggest that the incorporation of planning knowledge (e.g., road junctions and neighborhood types) in the model training leads to a more realistic prediction of street configurations. Furthermore, the new tool provides both professional and lay users an opportunity to systematically and intuitively explore benchmark proposals for comparisons and further evaluations.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 99-114
Issue: 2
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.2001713
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.2001713
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:2:p:99-114
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elisie Kåresdotter
Author-X-Name-First: Elisie
Author-X-Name-Last: Kåresdotter
Author-Name: Jessica Page
Author-X-Name-First: Jessica
Author-X-Name-Last: Page
Author-Name: Ulla Mörtberg
Author-X-Name-First: Ulla
Author-X-Name-Last: Mörtberg
Author-Name: Helena Näsström
Author-X-Name-First: Helena
Author-X-Name-Last: Näsström
Author-Name: Zahra Kalantari
Author-X-Name-First: Zahra
Author-X-Name-Last: Kalantari
Title: First Mile/Last Mile Problems in Smart and Sustainable Cities: A Case Study in Stockholm County
Abstract:
The first mile/last mile (FM/LM) problem in public transport refers to the spatial accessibility of public transport and is the most important factor determining whether an individual will choose public transport. The FM/LM problem in Stockholm County, Sweden, was evaluated using a Geographic Information System estimating distances to public transport for the years 2019 and 2035. Overall, the population in Stockholm County, have good access to public transport. However, access varies with abilities, with elderly having 50 percent and elderly impaired 15 percent of their area within walking distance to public transport compared with the average citizen. Planned developments can provide good access to public transport, with extensive improvements for the elderly. However, inadequate planning for population increase will likely decrease the perceived public transport accessibility. Apartments and commercial buildings in the study area have high access to public transport. Elderly people have good access within city and regional centers, while access could be improved in other areas. Inclusion of FM/LM in the planning support system used in Stockholm could help mitigate FM/LM problems and extend access to public transport to all people of different abilities. This is vital in creating sustainable mobility networks and achieving sustainable development in smart cities.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 115-137
Issue: 2
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2022.2033949
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2022.2033949
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:2:p:115-137
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shanqi Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Shanqi
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Feng Zhen
Author-X-Name-First: Feng
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhen
Author-Name: Bo Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Bo
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Zherui Li
Author-X-Name-First: Zherui
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Xiao Qin
Author-X-Name-First: Xiao
Author-X-Name-Last: Qin
Title: Coupling Social Media and Agent-Based Modelling: A Novel Approach for Supporting Smart Tourism Planning
Abstract:
Accounting for tourists’ various needs, preferences, and behavioral patterns is critical for improved smart tourism planning. This paper presents a novel approach that integrates social media and agent-based modelling (ABM) to analyze tourist preference and simulate tourist decision-making. The proposed approach first uses social media to extract knowledge about tourist typologies and tourist preferences. The knowledge, together with that supplemented by questionnaire data, is used for developing an ABM that simulates tourist movements. The approach is applied for the planning of Zaolinwan Park in China. The case study suggests that the incorporation of social media could provide opportunities for an enriched understanding of tourist preference of potential customers and that the modelling of tourist movements can shed light on the planning of infrastructure (e.g., roads and alleys) and service facilities (e.g., food, shopping, and accommodation), which are essential to the functioning of tourism. While this study focuses on tourism planning, the presented method could be applied to other infrastructure and service planning scenarios at community and urban levels.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 79-97
Issue: 2
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1847987
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1847987
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:2:p:79-97
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Haozhi Pan
Author-X-Name-First: Haozhi
Author-X-Name-Last: Pan
Author-Name: Stan Geertman
Author-X-Name-First: Stan
Author-X-Name-Last: Geertman
Author-Name: Brian Deal
Author-X-Name-First: Brian
Author-X-Name-Last: Deal
Author-Name: Jungfeng Jiao
Author-X-Name-First: Jungfeng
Author-X-Name-Last: Jiao
Author-Name: Bo Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Bo
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Title: Planning Support for Smart Cities in the Post-COVID Era
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-5
Issue: 2
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2022.2069938
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2022.2069938
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:2:p:1-5
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Markus Rittenbruch
Author-X-Name-First: Markus
Author-X-Name-Last: Rittenbruch
Author-Name: Marcus Foth
Author-X-Name-First: Marcus
Author-X-Name-Last: Foth
Author-Name: Peta Mitchell
Author-X-Name-First: Peta
Author-X-Name-Last: Mitchell
Author-Name: Rajjan Chitrakar
Author-X-Name-First: Rajjan
Author-X-Name-Last: Chitrakar
Author-Name: Bryce Christensen
Author-X-Name-First: Bryce
Author-X-Name-Last: Christensen
Author-Name: Christopher Pettit
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher
Author-X-Name-Last: Pettit
Title: Co-Designing Planning Support Systems in Urban Science: The Questions They Answer and the Questions They Raise
Abstract:
Big data analytics in smart cities has given rise to the new interdisciplinary field of urban science, which uses data mining, visual analytics, modeling, and simulation to create novel planning support systems. One such system is RAISE (the Rapid Analytics Interactive Scenario Explorer) which assists urban planners and local government authorities with rapid analysis and visualization of land value uplift from proposed transport infrastructure. This paper’s contribution is twofold. We first introduce co-design as a method for developing a planning support tool such as RAISE and present findings from a series of co-design workshops that informed its development. Findings included the need for further transparency of the land valuation process and recommendation of a community feature that explains valuation outcomes to landowners. The resulting insights from the co-design process led to a series of emerging questions that the design of this type of planning support system raises: (a) the collaboration with local government partners and the need for what Huybrechts calls “institutioning;” (b) some of the ethical implications of use, and (c) the impact of moving from conventional to AI/machine learning-assisted modeling. We discuss these questions as part of our second contribution. The paper concludes by reflecting on the process of using the development of RAISE not just as a solution but as an opportunity to problematize new questions and identify future research opportunities that tackle these questions.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 7-32
Issue: 2
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.1980319
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.1980319
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jane Rongerude
Author-X-Name-First: Jane
Author-X-Name-Last: Rongerude
Title: Transit-Oriented Displacement or Community Dividends? Understanding the Effects of Smarter Growth on Communities
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 163-166
Issue: 2
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.2015988
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.2015988
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:2:p:163-166
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chen Feng
Author-X-Name-First: Chen
Author-X-Name-Last: Feng
Author-Name: Junfeng Jiao
Author-X-Name-First: Junfeng
Author-X-Name-Last: Jiao
Author-Name: Haofeng Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Haofeng
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Title: Estimating E-Scooter Traffic Flow Using Big Data to Support Planning for Micromobility
Abstract:
Dockless e-scooter sharing, as a new shared micromobility service, has quickly gained popularity in recent years. In this paper, we present a practical approach to estimating e-scooter flow patterns without knowing the actual routes taken by the e-scooter riders. Our method takes advantage of a huge open dataset that contains the origins and destinations of millions of trips. We show that our models can help cities better support the emerging shared micromobility service. The additional information generated in the modeling process can also be useful for a more refined analysis of e-scooter trips.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 139-157
Issue: 2
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1843384
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1843384
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:2:p:139-157
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Haozhi Pan
Author-X-Name-First: Haozhi
Author-X-Name-Last: Pan
Author-Name: Yoonshin Kwak
Author-X-Name-First: Yoonshin
Author-X-Name-Last: Kwak
Author-Name: Brian Deal
Author-X-Name-First: Brian
Author-X-Name-Last: Deal
Title: Participatory Development of Planning Support Systems to Improve Empowerment and Localization
Abstract:
We propose a participatory development process to address critiques of Planning Support Systems (PSS) that focus on their shortcomings of the empowerment of stakeholders and the contextualization in implementation. The process we are presenting involves stakeholders from the early stage of goal-defining and model building. We evaluate an empirical application with a coupled land-use and economic impact assessment PSS for a project in a township on its added value to two criteria: inclusiveness and contextualization. Our findings show that the process enabled improved transparency and understandability on the fitness between project outcomes and stakeholder interests, while local expertise helped to revise and improve the model outcomes and parameters.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 33-54
Issue: 2
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2022.2031431
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2022.2031431
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:2:p:33-54
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Huaxiong Jiang
Author-X-Name-First: Huaxiong
Author-X-Name-Last: Jiang
Author-Name: Stan Geertman
Author-X-Name-First: Stan
Author-X-Name-Last: Geertman
Author-Name: Patrick Witte
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick
Author-X-Name-Last: Witte
Title: Planning First, Tools Second: Evaluating the Evolving Roles of Planning Support Systems in Urban Planning
Abstract:
Planning support systems (PSS), as geo-information technology instruments, have been developed to support planning as urban planning is becoming highly complex. Recent advances in new information and communication technologies (ICTs) in the context of smart cities have provided new potentials to enrich PSS-support functions, but they do not constitute a “silver bullet;” in fact, PSS’s potential roles in practice are impeded by fundamental and structural factors. This article argues that the evolving perceptions of planning together with the changing roles of PSS in supporting planning provide the foundations for solving these structural restrictions. It presents a genealogical exploration of planning thoughts and associated PSS supports over the past 70 years, which is cross-checked by the results of expert interviews. The analysis indicates that for a factual planning supportive role: (1) the focus on the urban planning issue at hand should be strengthened, since it determines the planning mode and the relevant PSS choice; (2) there is a need for a user-centered, demand-induced approach toward PSS developments in planning, aimed at better serving the real needs of PSS users and planning practices; and (3) and there is also a need for more sensitivity toward contextual factors in PSS developments and applications, since the specific contextual characteristics help to identify the complexity faced by planners and influence the relevant planning rationality and specific PSS to be applied. This article thus highlights the importance of considering planning support as a socio-technical innovation shaped through challenges in urban contexts and the relevant planning approaches applied to handle these challenges. Further recommendations are proposed for PSS developments and applications in future planning practice.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 55-77
Issue: 2
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2022.2047395
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2022.2047395
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:2:p:55-77
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Wissoker
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Wissoker
Title: Order Without Design: How Markets Shape Cities
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 166-168
Issue: 2
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.2018165
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.2018165
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:2:p:166-168
Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Konstantin S. Sharov
Author-X-Name-First: Konstantin S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sharov
Title: Urban Public Health: A Research Toolkit for Practice and Impact
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 159-163
Issue: 2
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.2015989
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.2015989
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# input file: CJUT_A_1963647_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220804T044749 git hash: 24b08f8188
Author-Name: Jiska Engelbert
Author-X-Name-First: Jiska
Author-X-Name-Last: Engelbert
Author-Name: Aksel Ersoy
Author-X-Name-First: Aksel
Author-X-Name-Last: Ersoy
Author-Name: Ellen van Bueren
Author-X-Name-First: Ellen
Author-X-Name-Last: van Bueren
Author-Name: Liesbet van Zoonen
Author-X-Name-First: Liesbet
Author-X-Name-Last: van Zoonen
Title: Capitalizing on the “Public Turn”: New Possibilities for Citizens and Civil Servants in Smart City-Making
Abstract:
There is a sharp contrast between the public value discourse that typifies smart city-making on the one hand and its democratic deficit on the other. In this article we explore this contrast in more detail and assess that the paradigm and practices of networked government, which dominates smart city making, positions citizens as “audiences” of smart city makers and civil servants as “shepherds” of their public values. In these positions, both citizens and civil servants participate in a wide array of smart city experiments and engagements. However, an active, autonomous agenda setting role by citizens or democratically legitimated advocacy of civil servants is rare and does not easily fit within the paradigm of networked government. We draw on the work of Dewey and Marres to envision such different roles and make them concrete by highlighting experiences of Dutch citizens and civil servants with urban data and technology. These show, first, that the desires and goals of citizens may differ markedly from those of the smart city, and—second—that civil servants struggle with legitimate ways to advocate for socially and economically balanced smart city solutions. We conclude, in the final section, that the smart city can only be developed further through representative democratic means of engagement, among which local elections that express the collective desires of citizens and frame the mandate of civil servants.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-17
Issue: 3
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.1963647
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.1963647
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# input file: CJUT_A_2044743_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220804T044749 git hash: 24b08f8188
Author-Name: Aharon Kellerman
Author-X-Name-First: Aharon
Author-X-Name-Last: Kellerman
Title: Personal Spatial Mobilities after the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Speculative View
Abstract:
This article attempts to speculate on possible post-COVID-19 pandemic scenarios for daily and periodic touristic personal mobilities. Post-COVID-19 pandemic mobilities are assumed to reflect people’s basic needs for mobilities, their pre-pandemic, and pandemic mobility experiences, as well as societal-economic forces pushing for changes in mobility patterns. The article begins with explorations for the basic personal push and pull triggers for both daily and touristic mobilities, which can be assumed to have remained unchanged during and after the Coronavirus crisis. We then assess the significances of the COVID-19-related lockdowns, with some special attention given to new mobility habit formations, highlighting the differences between macro-societal imposed habit formations, typical to the pandemic, as compared to individual voluntary habit formations, typical of routine habit formations by individuals. It is speculated that the pre-COVID-19 physical and virtual mobility mix for social contacts will continue, added by virtual group meetings. Post-pandemic shopping will present growth of virtual, as compared to physical, shopping. Home-based work, which was modest before COVID-19, will become widely adopted following the end of the COVID-19 crisis. Finally, we argue for a post-pandemic increased need for touristic vacations, and daily leisure activities at times of more extensive home-based work.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 145-158
Issue: 3
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2022.2044743
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2022.2044743
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# input file: CJUT_A_1930837_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220804T044749 git hash: 24b08f8188
Author-Name: Pablo Martí
Author-X-Name-First: Pablo
Author-X-Name-Last: Martí
Author-Name: Leticia Serrano-Estrada
Author-X-Name-First: Leticia
Author-X-Name-Last: Serrano-Estrada
Author-Name: Almudena Nolasco-Cirugeda
Author-X-Name-First: Almudena
Author-X-Name-Last: Nolasco-Cirugeda
Author-Name: Jesús López Baeza
Author-X-Name-First: Jesús López
Author-X-Name-Last: Baeza
Title: Revisiting the Spatial Definition of Neighborhood Boundaries: Functional Clusters versus Administrative Neighborhoods
Abstract:
This study revisits the debate surrounding the definition of neighborhood boundaries by addressing the disconnect between the city’s Administrative Neighborhoods and its functional organization. A method is proposed for dividing the city into more meaningful units through the spatial distribution of urban activities by retrieving data from Google Places. The dataset was pre-processed and spatially divided into Functional Clusters. A comparison between functional and administrative subdivisions of the city was undertaken, from which three overall conclusions could be drawn. First, a function-based city partition allows economically active urban areas to become the neighborhood’s center, thereby creating a polynuclear neighborhood structure that would potentially encourage greater cross-movement of people throughout the city. Second, the specialization of activities becomes more evident in Functional Clusters than in Administrative Neighborhoods. Third, access to up-to-date data makes possible a timely diagnosis of the quantity and diversity of urban activities—i.e., economic activities, services, and facilities—through Google Places data. The value of this contribution is to inform urban decision-making and policies in order to better balance the provision of a neighborhood’s economic activity.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 73-94
Issue: 3
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.1930837
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.1930837
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# input file: CJUT_A_1910467_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220804T044749 git hash: 24b08f8188
Author-Name: Jonathan Cinnamon
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan
Author-X-Name-Last: Cinnamon
Author-Name: Alfie Gaffney
Author-X-Name-First: Alfie
Author-X-Name-Last: Gaffney
Title: Do-It-Yourself Street Views and the Urban Imaginary of Google Street View
Abstract:
Google Street View (GSV) is the de facto platform for street-level visual representation in most settings; however, its coverage is highly uneven due to a range of political, legal, technological, and economic factors. GSV’s spatiotemporal disparities are most evident within cities, and this advances a distorted urban imaginary of absences, fragments, and obsolescences. This paper traces key developments in 360° imaging poised to expand the production and consumption of street-level imagery, including new actors, platforms, technologies, and data production approaches. Then, engaging with consumer-grade imaging technologies and the notion of do-it-yourself urbanism, this paper develops a DIY street view approach as one new mode of producing street-level imagery. Drawing on the findings of a pilot study, the paper considers key practical issues for street-view production, the benefits and risks of DIY approaches in relation to corporate and crowdsourced imagery initiatives, and the politics of urban representation in 360°. Findings suggest that the DIY approach offers the potential for a more “careful curation” of space in 360° street-level representations; however, there are considerations specific to this “third way” that require further attention.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 95-116
Issue: 3
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.1910467
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.1910467
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# input file: CJUT_A_1939626_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220804T044749 git hash: 24b08f8188
Author-Name: Miren Gutierrez
Author-X-Name-First: Miren
Author-X-Name-Last: Gutierrez
Author-Name: Marina Landa
Author-X-Name-First: Marina
Author-X-Name-Last: Landa
Title: From Available to Actionable Data: An Exploration of Expert and Re-users Views of Open Data
Abstract:
The level of open data re-utilization was still low 10 years after the launch of the Basque Government’s open data platform, when, unexpectedly, the COVID-19 pandemic struck. Suddenly, charts and infographics—fed on open data—were lingua franca; not only experts but also ordinary citizens were demanding understandable data to make decisions. The motto during the confinement was “let’s flatten the curve.” This article relies on participant observation of a three-day workshop, interviews with experts and open data re-users (N=15), and an analysis of urban projects that rely on open data (N=78). Data collection was conducted before the first wave and after the third wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, from November 27, 2019, to February 17, 2021, allowing researchers to make comparisons. We find that citizens are pushing for actionable open data; that is, data embedding the attributes that make them useful and usable. This includes integrating data literacy and citizens’ inputs and forming interdisciplinary teams of people inside and outside the government. This article proposes a definition for actionable data, which can be scalable to other realities.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 117-144
Issue: 3
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.1939626
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.1939626
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# input file: CJUT_A_2097398_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220804T044749 git hash: 24b08f8188
Author-Name: Richard E. Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 3
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2022.2097398
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2022.2097398
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# input file: CJUT_A_2035886_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220804T044749 git hash: 24b08f8188
Author-Name: Andrea Caragliu
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea
Author-X-Name-Last: Caragliu
Author-Name: Michele Coletti
Author-X-Name-First: Michele
Author-X-Name-Last: Coletti
Author-Name: Paolo Landoni
Author-X-Name-First: Paolo
Author-X-Name-Last: Landoni
Author-Name: Alessandro Sala
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandro
Author-X-Name-Last: Sala
Title: Why and How Innovation Vouchers Work: Disentangling the Roles of Serendipity and Funding
Abstract:
Innovation vouchers are policy instruments supporting the collaboration of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) with specialized knowledge suppliers. These innovation vouchers are typically appreciated by beneficiaries because of their simple application and reporting procedures. However, because of their small size, innovation vouchers seem to have relatively limited impacts. This study analyzes the outcome of an innovation voucher scheme through a survey of 582 Italian firms receiving these vouchers in 2011. Findings show that the effects of the vouchers are mainly indirect: the vouchers foster new skills development and trigger unforeseen results. Given the local nature of the voucher measure, results also control for geographical, technological, and social proximity among beneficiaries and suppliers.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 159-182
Issue: 3
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2022.2035886
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2022.2035886
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# input file: CJUT_A_2036311_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220804T044749 git hash: 24b08f8188
Author-Name: Justine Gangneux
Author-X-Name-First: Justine
Author-X-Name-Last: Gangneux
Author-Name: Simon Joss
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Joss
Author-Name: Justine Humphry
Author-X-Name-First: Justine
Author-X-Name-Last: Humphry
Author-Name: Matthew Hanchard
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanchard
Author-Name: Chris Chesher
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Chesher
Author-Name: Sophia Maalsen
Author-X-Name-First: Sophia
Author-X-Name-Last: Maalsen
Author-Name: Peter Merrington
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Merrington
Author-Name: Bridgette Wessels
Author-X-Name-First: Bridgette
Author-X-Name-Last: Wessels
Title: Situated, Yet Silent: Data Relations in Smart Street Furniture
Abstract:
This article provides new evidence of the ways that smart cities materialize within specific sites and contexts through smart street furniture (SSF). Drawing on empirical data generated through mixed-method field research, the article examines the situated data relations that emerge in the context of the adoption of InLinkUK smart kiosks in Glasgow and Strawberry Energy smart benches in London. The concept of “silences” is proposed to analyze insufficiently articulated data relations resulting from gaps or absences in the use, design, and governance of this new type of urban furniture. The argument made is that data silences lead to failures to account for decisions and the deferral of responsibilities regarding the data aspects of these objects. It is suggested that an approach that focuses on “listening” to and “speaking” about data relations can enable dialogical forms of accountability, and realize the potential of SSF for citizens in local contexts.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 19-39
Issue: 3
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2022.2036311
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2022.2036311
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# input file: CJUT_A_1900772_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220804T044749 git hash: 24b08f8188
Author-Name: Islam Bouzguenda
Author-X-Name-First: Islam
Author-X-Name-Last: Bouzguenda
Author-Name: Nadia Fava
Author-X-Name-First: Nadia
Author-X-Name-Last: Fava
Author-Name: Chaham Alalouch
Author-X-Name-First: Chaham
Author-X-Name-Last: Alalouch
Title: Would 3D Digital Participatory Planning Improve Social Sustainability in Smart Cities? An Empirical Evaluation Study in Less-Advantaged Areas
Abstract:
This study evaluates the impact of using three-dimensional digital participatory planning (3DDPP) on planning practices. This method was tested within the framework of a redevelopment project in one of the less-advantaged neighborhoods in the Dutch city of Schiedam. An interactive 3DDPP tool was employed by a group of residents who co-designed public spaces in the neighborhood. Residents were given the opportunity to visualize online the project area in 3D format, suggest their ideas, comment on the design proposal, produce interactive graphical designs online, and interact with each other. The impact of this process was tested according to five criteria (efficiency, feasibility, attractiveness, interaction, and satisfaction) developed via free-listing and pile-sorting methods in collaboration with nine experts. A qualitatively driven (QUAL) mixed method was used to analyze the data collected from a sample of 62 subjects, which included professionals and citizens. The results showed that the use of 3DDPP tools can potentially enhance community engagement in decision-making. This article concludes by emphasizing that socioeconomic, political, and demographic challenges, which might decrease the residents’ willingness to be actively engaged in collaborative decision-making, might not solely be solved via technologies.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 41-71
Issue: 3
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.1900772
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.1900772
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# input file: CJUT_A_2037180_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Prince K. Guma
Author-X-Name-First: Prince K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Guma
Author-Name: Alan Wiig
Author-X-Name-First: Alan
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiig
Title: Smartness Beyond the Network: Water ATMs and Disruptions from below in Mathare Valley, Nairobi
Abstract:
This article critiques decontextualized notions of smart urbanism by examining the variegated and spontaneous infrastructural configurations stemming from the deployment of a digital project in an informal urban setting. We offer an empirical examination of the rollout of water ATMs in Mathare Valley, Nairobi, to highlight three types of “smartness beyond the network”: first, where water ATMs evidence a smart digital infrastructure that transcends the networked urban water supply; second, where residents, in their adoption and use of water ATMs, unsettle their original operation, in the process driving them further away from their original design through disruptions from below; and third, where persistent manifestations of pre-existing mechanisms exist that are non-state and non-networked and sometimes integrate indicating digital technologies heterogeneous articulations and smartness from below. In sum, we argue for unpacking Southern and alternative visions for smart digital infrastructure, considering that smartness, within diverse urban settings, is informed not just by hegemonic and aspirational articulations of city making, but also by dwellers’ context-specific and nonlinear processes of place making.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 41-61
Issue: 4
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2022.2037180
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2022.2037180
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# input file: CJUT_A_2130612_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Abhinav Alakshendra
Author-X-Name-First: Abhinav
Author-X-Name-Last: Alakshendra
Title: The Routledge Handbook of Planning Megacities in the Global South
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 127-130
Issue: 4
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2022.2130612
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2022.2130612
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# input file: CJUT_A_2130614_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Alenka Poplin
Author-X-Name-First: Alenka
Author-X-Name-Last: Poplin
Title: Urban Operating Systems: Producing the Computational City
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 130-132
Issue: 4
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2022.2130614
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2022.2130614
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# input file: CJUT_A_2082825_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Ricardo Alvarez
Author-X-Name-First: Ricardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Alvarez
Author-Name: Fabio Duarte
Author-X-Name-First: Fabio
Author-X-Name-Last: Duarte
Author-Name: Dennis Frenchman
Author-X-Name-First: Dennis
Author-X-Name-Last: Frenchman
Author-Name: Carlo Ratti
Author-X-Name-First: Carlo
Author-X-Name-Last: Ratti
Title: Sensing Lights: The Challenges of Transforming Street Lights into an Urban Intelligence Platform
Abstract:
The technological transformation behind intelligent infrastructure systems requires institutional and stakeholder realignment in their development. In this article, we evaluate the challenges for the production of smart infrastructure through an in-depth analysis of the development of smart street lighting strategies. We conduct surveys and semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders and industry leaders in public illumination, as well with public officials from cities in three continents to understand the related challenges they face, the strategies being developed to meet those challenges, and reflect on the lessons provided for the design, creation, and operation of public smart infrastructure systems. We find that there are key barriers. First, differences in vision that reflect a lack of fit between operators of the current infrastructure and the new possibilities afforded by digital technologies. Second, lack of policies that would help facilitate the adoption of these new technologies particularly in regards to privacy and data operationalization. Third, difficulties in public engagement. These barriers to innovation hinder the capacity of cities to maximize the possibilities as well as the social value of intelligent street lights as a future-proof platform for urban knowledge and urban applications.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 25-40
Issue: 4
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2022.2082825
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2022.2082825
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# input file: CJUT_A_1930841_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Grzegorz Masik
Author-X-Name-First: Grzegorz
Author-X-Name-Last: Masik
Author-Name: Joanna Stępień
Author-X-Name-First: Joanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Stępień
Title: Smart Local Governance: The Case of the Gdańsk-Gdynia-Sopot Metropolitan Area in Poland
Abstract:
The aim of the study is to recognize the understanding and implementation of the smart city concept by local governments in the Gdańsk-Gdynia-Sopot Metropolitan Area in the north of Poland. Therefore, the authors examined local governments’ interest in “smart” strategy and identified human- and technology-oriented initiatives. In order to achieve the research aim, a survey with representatives of local governments and a content analysis of strategic documents were conducted. The results show that core cities of the metropolitan area try to be initiators of smart urban life while many other municipalities are not very active in this area. Most of the smart city initiatives referred to hard infrastructure, and only a portion of them are oriented toward improving human capital.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 63-81
Issue: 4
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.1930841
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.1930841
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# input file: CJUT_A_2001712_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Arul Chib
Author-X-Name-First: Arul
Author-X-Name-Last: Chib
Author-Name: Katrina Alvarez
Author-X-Name-First: Katrina
Author-X-Name-Last: Alvarez
Author-Name: Tatjana Todorovic
Author-X-Name-First: Tatjana
Author-X-Name-Last: Todorovic
Title: Critical Perspectives on the Smart City: Efficiency Objectives vs Inclusion Ideals
Abstract:
Smart city rhetoric stresses both citizens’ well-being and urban efficiency; however, critical perspectives suggest a worsening of existing societal inequalities for less-productive citizens, posing implications for how urban planners should incorporate smart technology. We examine the perceptions of elderly residents regarding Singapore’s Smart Nation implementation in their communities. The elderly find that technological advancements deepen existing divides and suggest that true participation and social relationships are required for successful adoption of urban smart systems. We provide commentary on the tensions created between (1) productivity and efficiency as goals of the smart nation and (2) the inclusion and participation of older citizens in urban planning decisions.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 83-99
Issue: 4
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.2001712
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.2001712
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# input file: CJUT_A_2130615_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Richard E. Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 4
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2022.2130615
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2022.2130615
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# input file: CJUT_A_1962695_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Bo Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Bo
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Becky P. Y. Loo
Author-X-Name-First: Becky P. Y.
Author-X-Name-Last: Loo
Author-Name: Gengzhi Huang
Author-X-Name-First: Gengzhi
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang
Title: Becoming Smarter through Smart City Pilot Projects: Experiences and Lessons from China since 2013
Abstract:
Although a large body of research has advanced our understanding of the definition, characteristics, and domains of smart cities at a high level of abstraction, relatively little attention has been given to varying smart city practices. This study analyses the contents and progress of 2,080 smart city pilot projects across 136 sampled smart cities in China since 2013. While the central government has set a unified framework for guiding smart city practices, both the experiences and progress vary substantially at the local level. Among the smart city domains, pilot projects related to smart government have been the most common but those on smart living and smart people have not received as much attention. The findings confirm that smart city development is a process. A period of 1.5–2 years is typically required for pilot projects to demonstrate actual progress. Smart cities at the county/township level have progressed better in infrastructure but have lagged in the institutional and people dimensions. Those implemented in Eastern China have also advanced more noticeably than those in Central and Western China.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-24
Issue: 4
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.1962695
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.1962695
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# input file: CJUT_A_1879605_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Xia Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Xia
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Feng Zhen
Author-X-Name-First: Feng
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhen
Author-Name: Jia Tang
Author-X-Name-First: Jia
Author-X-Name-Last: Tang
Author-Name: Lizhen Shen
Author-X-Name-First: Lizhen
Author-X-Name-Last: Shen
Author-Name: Danli Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Danli
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Title: Applications, Experiences, and Challenges of Smart Tourism Development in China
Abstract:
Despite the increasing attention given to smart tourism in China, limited research has been conducted on this topic. The purpose of this research was to analyze the stakeholders, applications, experiences, and challenges of smart tourism in China. Public–private partnership played a dominant role in China’s smart tourism construction. Smart technologies were applied in information platform construction, tourism statistics innovation, information offering, overcrowding management, environment and resource protection, experience co-creation and personalization, tourism traffic, and marketing. The experiences and challenges of China’s smart tourism initiative, which can provide valuable implications for other destinations to improve smartness level, were also identified.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 101-126
Issue: 4
Volume: 29
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.1879605
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.1879605
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:29:y:2022:i:4:p:101-126
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# input file: CJUT_A_2090204_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Meihong Ke
Author-X-Name-First: Meihong
Author-X-Name-Last: Ke
Author-Name: Douglas Baker
Author-X-Name-First: Douglas
Author-X-Name-Last: Baker
Title: Australian Airports and Local Economic Development
Abstract:
This article investigates the impact of airports on the surrounding landside industrial development by employing secondary data of nine major Australian airports captured from Google Maps using MapQuery. Previous studies suggest a strong connection between airports and economic development at the regional scale. However, few studies explore this link around the surrounding vicinity of the airport. This article provides new evidence on the link between airports and the local economy in the Australian context. The empirical results demonstrate that the size of landside industries is highly correlated with both airports’ passenger numbers and international air freight volume at the correlation coefficient of 0.912 and 0.871. Service sectors account for over 50 percent in the landside industries of most airports indicating a tendency of diversified and service-oriented landside development, which implies that airports are drivers of economic restructuring. The evidence confirms that airports have a positive impact on landside industrial development around airports, which align with the findings within this strand of airport literature.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 71-93
Issue: 1
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2022.2090204
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2022.2090204
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# input file: CJUT_A_2081832_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Mina Akhavan
Author-X-Name-First: Mina
Author-X-Name-Last: Akhavan
Author-Name: Ilaria Mariotti
Author-X-Name-First: Ilaria
Author-X-Name-Last: Mariotti
Title: Coworking Spaces and Well-Being: An Empirical Investigation of Coworkers in Italy
Abstract:
In the era of rising globalization, technological advancements (e.g., ICT), and the aftermath of the 2008 global economic crisis, working is becoming less dependent on distance, time, and space. With the increasing number of freelance and independent workers, more flexible working styles are emerging. The present paper aims to study the effect of coworking spaces (CSs) on coworkers’ (CWs) level of well-being and life satisfaction; in other words, to explore the factors that may affect their well-being at such flexible, collaborative workplaces. To conduct an empirical study, we sent an online questionnaire to the CWs working in 549 CSs in Italy; 324 coworkers responded to the survey (as of January 2018). By means of descriptive statistics and econometric analyses, the paper discusses some of the main factors affecting CWs’ perceived well-being: social proximity and sense of community (trust and new friendship), organizational proximity, and the positive effects of CSs on the urban context; on the other hand, gender, educational level, age and revenues growth do not show any impact. The paper concludes by suggesting possible policy implications and introducing further research lines.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 95-109
Issue: 1
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2022.2081832
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2022.2081832
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# input file: CJUT_A_2122681_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Viviana Bastidas
Author-X-Name-First: Viviana
Author-X-Name-Last: Bastidas
Author-Name: Marija Bezbradica
Author-X-Name-First: Marija
Author-X-Name-Last: Bezbradica
Author-Name: Mihai Bilauca
Author-X-Name-First: Mihai
Author-X-Name-Last: Bilauca
Author-Name: Michael Healy
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Healy
Author-Name: Markus Helfert
Author-X-Name-First: Markus
Author-X-Name-Last: Helfert
Title: Enterprise Architecture in Smart Cities: Developing an Empirical Grounded Research Agenda
Abstract:
The concept of Enterprise Architecture is suitable for managing the complexity of heterogeneous systems and technologies in Smart Cities. However, many cities and their urban governance processes still face the challenges of digitalizing public services. This paper aims to assess the applicability of TOGAF in a real-world Smart City following a case study method. A novel research agenda with ten major directions is provided as a result of the practical observations. This contributes to the current understanding of the application of Enterprise Architecture in Smart Cities, focusing on the identified issues in practice and the need for further research.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 47-70
Issue: 1
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2022.2122681
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2022.2122681
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# input file: CJUT_A_2168882_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Richard E. Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 1
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2023.2168882
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2023.2168882
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# input file: CJUT_A_1813539_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Chunfang Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Chunfang
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Zhiying Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Zhiying
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Shanqi Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Shanqi
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Title: Smart Initiatives for Land Resource Management: Perspectives and Practices from China
Abstract:
Land resource management is critical for optimal land use and improved socioeconomic development. In China, land resource management has always faced a dilemma between the excessive demands of land exploitation and the conservation of natural resources and ecological environments. Despite the challenges, recent technological advancements have offered the promise for government officials to better manage land resources using digital and big data technologies. The Chinese government has embarked on smart initiatives for land resource management (SiLRM) by integrating digital technologies with land resource management. However, the field of land resource management lacks a comprehensive framework for incorporating these technologies. This paper first reviews the history and content of SiLRM in China and presents three case studies that demonstrate how SiLRM are currently implemented in China. It then develops a framework for how government officials should deploy advanced IT technologies. The proposed framework, as well as some policy recommendations, could shed light on the future development of an integrated spatial governance system in China, particularly against the backdrop of a recent national reform that integrates multiple planning systems. The proposed framework may also have implications for related practices in other regions and countries worldwide.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-21
Issue: 1
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2020.1813539
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2020.1813539
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# input file: CJUT_A_1903288_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Subasish Das
Author-X-Name-First: Subasish
Author-X-Name-Last: Das
Author-Name: Hamsa Abbas Zubaidi
Author-X-Name-First: Hamsa Abbas
Author-X-Name-Last: Zubaidi
Title: City Transit Rider Tweets: Understanding Sentiments and Politeness
Abstract:
With the expanding popularity of Web 2.0, there has been a huge surge in the use of social media, like Twitter, to express user sentiments or opinions. Delays and breakdowns in transit operations can make riders annoyed and irritated, and as a result, they express their anger and frustration via social media posts. Understanding the tipping points of public frustration will help in developing better solutions. This study aims to develop a framework by developing multilevel sentiment analysis and determine the emotion and politeness measures using transit-related tweets from New York (New York City) and California (San Francisco). The popular hashtags associated with the transit systems of New York and California were collected during 2019. The words associated with negative sentiments widely differ in these two states. Moderate levels of differences are seen in the politeness measures for these two states. Additionally, co-occurrence measures associated with negative emotions identified unique issues based on the demographics. This study demonstrates that Twitter provides a great opportunity to understand the public perception of transit, and the findings can help authorities design a more efficient transit system to improve user experience.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 111-126
Issue: 1
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.1903288
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.1903288
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# input file: CJUT_A_2100212_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Kristina Söderholm
Author-X-Name-First: Kristina
Author-X-Name-Last: Söderholm
Author-Name: Brenda Vidal
Author-X-Name-First: Brenda
Author-X-Name-Last: Vidal
Author-Name: Annelie Hedström
Author-X-Name-First: Annelie
Author-X-Name-Last: Hedström
Author-Name: Inga Herrmann
Author-X-Name-First: Inga
Author-X-Name-Last: Herrmann
Title: Flexible and Resource-Recovery Sanitation Solutions: What Hindered Their Implementation? A 40-Year Swedish Perspective
Abstract:
Although Sweden pioneered in the development of resource-recovery sanitation solutions, and there has existed a political awareness of such solutions since the 1990s, their implementation has been slow. We adopt a historical (40-year) perspective and use the main journal of the Swedish sanitation sector as source material to go into depth why this has been the case. Central explanations emerge in terms of previously strong governmental control and continuously tightened environmental requirements that ceaselessly have expanded and strengthened the large-scale centralized sanitation system. In parallel, the sector has continuously been reminded of the shortcomings of alternative (and smaller) solutions and of the tension between recovery and treatment/risk management. The study highlights the possibility of achieving long-term and profound impacts from policy mixes, as well as the strong influence of the sum of challenges and choices over a long time, on today’s perspectives and propensity for change.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 23-45
Issue: 1
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2022.2100212
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2022.2100212
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# input file: CJUT_A_2104101_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Francesca Pilo’
Author-X-Name-First: Francesca
Author-X-Name-Last: Pilo’
Title: Infrastructural Heterogeneity: Energy Transition, Power Relations and Solidarity in Kingston, Jamaica
Abstract:
In cities of the Global South, socio-technical heterogeneity in electricity provision is a reality that has partially shifted debates to the diversity of arrangements beyond the grid. Building on the case of Kingston in Jamaica, this article focuses on the relationship between the grid and such heterogeneous configurations and considers how heterogeneity transforms existing power relations. By analyzing the different strategies that actors (the government, the electricity provider, different types of consumers) have developed to address different challenges (energy transition, non-technical losses, affordability, etc.), the article shows how this heterogeneity entails a political process that reshapes possibilities and constraints for governing, and being governed by, the electricity grid. This analysis suggests taking solidarity as a central dimension when considering how to govern heterogeneous configurations, including the relationships between consumers, types of socio-technical systems and neighborhoods.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 35-54
Issue: 2
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2022.2104101
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2022.2104101
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# input file: CJUT_A_2172301_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Éric Verdeil
Author-X-Name-First: Éric
Author-X-Name-Last: Verdeil
Author-Name: Sylvy Jaglin
Author-X-Name-First: Sylvy
Author-X-Name-Last: Jaglin
Title: Electrical Hybridizations in Cities of the South: From Heterogeneity to New Conceptualizations of Energy Transition
Abstract:
This issue addresses the hybridization of urban electricity configurations in cities of the Global South. The hybridization process is shaped by the interplay of two infrastructural trends that transform cities, the patchy and limited extension of the conventional grid and the widespread socio-technical heterogeneity that recent research has highlighted. The case studies presented in the issue vary according to two main criteria. First, they straddle a wide variety of urban settlements, from city-center and relatively wealthy districts to poor areas and urbanizing peripheries. They also take into consideration various stages in the development of the grid and their uneven levels of service, between dynamic deployment pushed by state techno-politics and situations of regress or even collapse, forcing users to adapt. Two cross-cutting results emerge. First, the widespread and ever extending heterogeneity does not eliminate the grid but transforms it through various material and institutional interfaces and intermediations aiming at securing energy supply and operations. Second, the process makes way for an increased presence of private actors. These trends leave a twofold question unanswered. How and with which policies and tools to govern the hybridized energy configurations in order to promote energy justice and to enable clean energy transitions?
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-10
Issue: 2
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2023.2172301
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2023.2172301
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# input file: CJUT_A_2087170_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Emmanuelle Guillou
Author-X-Name-First: Emmanuelle
Author-X-Name-Last: Guillou
Author-Name: Bérénice Girard
Author-X-Name-First: Bérénice
Author-X-Name-Last: Girard
Title: Mini-Grids at the Interface: The Deployment of Mini-Grids in Urbanizing Localities of the Global South
Abstract:
Based on fieldwork conducted in Senegal, Tanzania, and India, this article argues for a territorialized approach to mini-grids. One of the most sought-after solutions to electrification and transition to renewable energies in the Global South, mini-grids can be defined as decentralized collective systems of electricity supply. Whereas the academic and grey literature has mostly focused on their presence in rural areas, this paper looks at their development in urbanizing localities. It documents access to electrical service in these spaces and shows that, behind the rather uniform vision associated with the mini-grid object, the service provided takes different forms depending on the environment in which it is deployed. The presence of mini-grids also raises issues of social and territorial equity of access to essential services. A territorialized approach to mini-grids, therefore, furthers our understanding of the complex energy changes at work in cities of the Global South.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 151-170
Issue: 2
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2022.2087170
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2022.2087170
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# input file: CJUT_A_2068939_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Paul G Munro
Author-X-Name-First: Paul G
Author-X-Name-Last: Munro
Author-Name: Shanil Samarakoon
Author-X-Name-First: Shanil
Author-X-Name-Last: Samarakoon
Title: Off-Grid Electrical Urbanism: Emerging Solar Energy Geographies in Ordinary Cities
Abstract:
Off-grid solar products, which are typically positioned as a solution to rural energy poverty, have experienced rapid sales growth in urban centers across the Global South over the last decade. In this article, we critically examine the rapidly emerging off-grid electrical urbanism in the Global South, with a focus on how off-grid solar technologies are reshaping urban energy geographies in “ordinary cities.” We document how forms of off-grid electrical urbanisms have emerged as a response to urban energy poverty, drawing on case study insights from Gulu (Uganda), Mzuzu (Malawi), and Luganville (Vanuatu). In doing so, we demonstrate how the flow of off-grid solar products are shaped by a range of differing political economies—including financial flows, migration dynamics, and regional aid programs. We go on to argue that off-grid electrical urbanism, in its current form, is largely underpinned by a marketized model of energy infrastructure dissemination. A model that tends to reproduce geographies of energy inequality.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 127-149
Issue: 2
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2022.2068939
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2022.2068939
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# input file: CJUT_A_2172305_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Marie–Hélène Zérah
Author-X-Name-First: Marie–Hélène
Author-X-Name-Last: Zérah
Author-Name: Sarada Das
Author-X-Name-First: Sarada
Author-X-Name-Last: Das
Title: Solar Rooftop Systems and the Urban Transition: Shall the Twain Ever Meet? Interrogations from Rewari, India
Abstract:
India is facing two major transitions. In 2040, its energy demand will double while 800 million Indians will live in cities by 2050. Situated at this intersection, this article contributes to the field of urban energy research by looking at Solar Rooftop Systems (SRS) in a district located in the extended periphery of Delhi. Using a multi-pronged qualitative methodology in a corridor made of villages and small towns, we argue that public policies are framed applying a rigid territorial grid opposing urban and rural, ignoring the motivations of both residential and professional users, which are not bounded by the rural/urban binary. This disjunction explains that renewable energy does not lead to a new imagination of urban and energy systems. These two fields remain disconnected while solar energy fuels consumption and the city expansion in its peripheries. Finally, the observed variegated urban energy landscapes (UEL) embody a land and energy intensive form of urban growth.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 103-125
Issue: 2
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2023.2172305
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2023.2172305
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# input file: CJUT_A_2111176_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Sylvy Jaglin
Author-X-Name-First: Sylvy
Author-X-Name-Last: Jaglin
Title: Urban Electric Hybridization: Exploring the Politics of a Just Transition in the Western Cape (South Africa)
Abstract:
Focusing on the adoption of rooftop solar photovoltaics (PV) by high-income households and businesses in the Western Cape, South Africa, the article analyzes its effects on the hybridization of urban electricity systems and the ability of municipalities to drive a just transition in cities where inequality remains very high. By reducing municipal electricity sales, decentralized solar technologies threaten the surpluses generated from charges paid by grid customers, which are essential to subsidize electricity services for the poor and support other municipal services. Based on fieldwork in four Western Cape cities, the paper shows that municipalities are implementing a variety of local arrangements (regulatory, tariff, and technical) to control distributed electricity generation and are seeking, with mixed success, to avoid a post-carbon transition model that undermines grid benefits by creating a new energy divide.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 11-33
Issue: 2
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2022.2111176
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2022.2111176
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# input file: CJUT_A_2105587_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Alix Chaplain
Author-X-Name-First: Alix
Author-X-Name-Last: Chaplain
Author-Name: Éric Verdeil
Author-X-Name-First: Éric
Author-X-Name-Last: Verdeil
Title: Governing Hybridized Electricity Systems: The Case of Decentralized Electricity in Lebanon
Abstract:
Policymakers see decentralized electricity supply as a way to both decarbonize energy systems and to fill the gap of electricity access in many countries where strong growth leave the grid lagging behind. This article sheds some light on the case of countries such as Lebanon, where diesel-fueled decentralized electricity systems have existed for years and increasingly coexist with, rather than being replaced by, solar powered systems. It is based on a synthesis of public quantitative data and qualitative information gathered through surveys. The article argues that understanding such dynamics involves an analysis, not only of the technological and socioeconomic determinants of the adoption of decentralized energy technologies but also of the political struggles between the various actors, with a particular focus on corporate actors, and wealthy users. In addition, the article shows how different political temporalities play in reproducing or opening the assemblage of technologies and interests that shape the hybridized energy landscape. The article also shows that hybridization has repercussions on the energy configuration as a whole, both in the evolving market share of each technology but also by deeply fragmenting the access to electricity along social and territorial lines and by pushing essential private actors to disconnect from the grid. As a conclusion, the promises of sustainable transitions need to be critically examined in light of these trends.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 55-78
Issue: 2
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2022.2105587
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2022.2105587
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# input file: CJUT_A_2153318_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Joyce A. Eledi Kuusaana
Author-X-Name-First: Joyce A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Eledi Kuusaana
Author-Name: Jochen Monstadt
Author-X-Name-First: Jochen
Author-X-Name-Last: Monstadt
Author-Name: Shaun Smith
Author-X-Name-First: Shaun
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith
Title: Toward Urban Resilience? Coping with Blackouts in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Abstract:
The seamless and ubiquitous supply of infrastructure services such as electricity is usually seen as a critical backbone of modern urban societies. Yet electricity supply in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, like many other infrastructure services in cities in the Global South, is unreliable and unpredictable, with urban power cuts being everyday occurrences. Major challenges in electricity supply have resulted in severe crises leading to spatially uneven rationing of electricity. Amid such insecurities, however, the criticality of such infrastructure services and the shortfall of reliable networked services are met with innovation, creative maneuvering, and the building of adaptive systems that allow cities to continue to function. Based on debates on urban and infrastructure resilience and heterogeneous infrastructures, this article examines the coping mechanisms of urban residents in response to electricity blackouts in Dar es Salaam. It identifies the different energy constellations that function either complementarily or alternatively to networked services. Pointing to the adaptive capacities of urban dwellers that enable them to be prepared for power cuts but also highlighting their unequal access to infrastructure services, it argues for a more critical reassessment of debates on urban and infrastructural vulnerability and resilience from a Southern perspective.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 79-101
Issue: 2
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2022.2153318
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2022.2153318
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:30:y:2023:i:2:p:79-101
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# input file: CJUT_A_2160607_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Dongho Han
Author-X-Name-First: Dongho
Author-X-Name-Last: Han
Author-Name: Ilwon Seo
Author-X-Name-First: Ilwon
Author-X-Name-Last: Seo
Title: Uncertainty in Market-Mediated Technology Transfer and Geographical Diffusion: Evidence from Chinese Technology Flow
Abstract:
While a significant body of research has emphasized the contribution of knowledge spillover to the economic growth of a region, the distinction between knowledge types has not received the attention it deserves. Market-mediated technology transfer, compared with pure knowledge spillover, is mediated by market mechanisms that stimulate chances to identify potential partners, alleviating the spatial restraints between them. This research explores the mutual uncertainties of licensor and licensee in transferring market-mediated technology and seeks to capture the geographic incidence at prefecture-levels across China. It also tests whether the intensity of market competition imposes constraints on the licensor’s decision concerning technology transfer. The results corroborate that geographical distance still serves as a heavy toll between licensor and licensee. However, spatial proximity does not always support technology diffusion in cases where the licensors are associated with the dissipation effect among the proximate partners. The results challenge the common notion in the literature that an agglomeration effect is associated with knowledge spillover, reflecting the dynamic nature of market-oriented knowledge transfer. The contribution of this work will broaden understanding of the relationship between international/local technology diffusion and regional innovative capacity.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-22
Issue: 3
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2022.2160607
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2022.2160607
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:30:y:2023:i:3:p:3-22
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# input file: CJUT_A_2199606_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Gwen Urey
Author-X-Name-First: Gwen
Author-X-Name-Last: Urey
Title: Downtime on the Microgrid: Architecture, Electricity, and Smart City Islands
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 103-106
Issue: 3
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2023.2199606
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2023.2199606
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# input file: CJUT_A_2121558_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Rachel Macrorie
Author-X-Name-First: Rachel
Author-X-Name-Last: Macrorie
Author-Name: Simon Marvin
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Marvin
Author-Name: Adrian Smith
Author-X-Name-First: Adrian
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith
Author-Name: Aidan While
Author-X-Name-First: Aidan
Author-X-Name-Last: While
Title: A Common Management Framework for European Smart Cities? The Case of the European Innovation Partnership for Smart Cities and Communities Six Nations Forum
Abstract:
To minimize market fragmentation, optimize efficiencies through compatible digital architectures, and encourage collaboration, high-level smart city harmonization efforts have been advocated across Europe. This paper critically analyzes attempts by the European Innovation Partnership for Smart Cities and Communities Six Nations Forum (EIP-SCC 6N) to constitute a common smart city management framework through application of a generic Blueprint. Analysis highlights how these efforts are brought to bear through four techniques: simplification, interoperability, integration, and authorization. Examining the adoption (and rejection) of these techniques underscores the importance of attending to distinctive urban contexts and alternative ways of knowing and acting in the city.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 63-80
Issue: 3
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2022.2121558
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2022.2121558
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# input file: CJUT_A_2180983_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Eynat Mendelson-Shwartz
Author-X-Name-First: Eynat
Author-X-Name-Last: Mendelson-Shwartz
Author-Name: Ofir Shwartz
Author-X-Name-First: Ofir
Author-X-Name-Last: Shwartz
Author-Name: Nir Mualam
Author-X-Name-First: Nir
Author-X-Name-Last: Mualam
Title: Protecting Street Art Rights Using an NFT-Based System
Abstract:
Street art has flourished around the world, gaining international recognition and commercial success. Consequently, controversies over their misuse have escalated, and artists have begun to pursue legal protection of their intellectual property (IP) rights. But asserting these rights is still quite difficult, creating a state of uncertainty and risk to both artists and interested parties. In this article, we introduce Street-Art-NFT-System (SA-NFT), a dynamic street art ledger that enables artists to assert their IP rights and communicate with other interested parties, while maintaining their anonymity. Additionally, SA-NFT can create a new documentation method that will open new avenues for studying a city's ever-changing urban facades.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 81-100
Issue: 3
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2023.2180983
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2023.2180983
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:30:y:2023:i:3:p:81-100
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# input file: CJUT_A_2218178_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Richard E. Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 3
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2023.2218178
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2023.2218178
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# input file: CJUT_A_2190705_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Rosa Aguilar
Author-X-Name-First: Rosa
Author-X-Name-Last: Aguilar
Author-Name: Johannes Flacke
Author-X-Name-First: Johannes
Author-X-Name-Last: Flacke
Author-Name: Daniel Simon
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Simon
Author-Name: Karin Pfeffer
Author-X-Name-First: Karin
Author-X-Name-Last: Pfeffer
Title: Stakeholders Engagement in Noise Action Planning Mediated by OGITO: An Open Geo-Spatial Interactive Tool
Abstract:
Noise action planning (NAP) requires collaboration among stakeholders, given the harmful health effects of noise and the subjectivity of how individuals perceive noise. Maptables can be used to mediate in such a collaborative spatial planning process. However, open software applications specifically designed for those devices are still limited or mismatched with user needs. This study presents the co-design and development process of an Open Geo-Spatial Interactive Tool (OGITO-noise) intended for maptables users. We explore to what extent such a tool can be usable and useful in supporting collaborative NAP in practice. Our methods combine agile software development and human-centered design (HCD) in a hybrid fashion, namely remote co-design meetings and face-to-face testing, to develop an open application that our intended users found useful. Those methods were utilized during a pandemic but can also be used when dealing with geographic or resource limitations.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 23-46
Issue: 3
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2023.2190705
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2023.2190705
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# input file: CJUT_A_2100211_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Jonas De Meulenaere
Author-X-Name-First: Jonas
Author-X-Name-Last: De Meulenaere
Author-Name: Cédric Courtois
Author-X-Name-First: Cédric
Author-X-Name-Last: Courtois
Author-Name: Michel Walrave
Author-X-Name-First: Michel
Author-X-Name-Last: Walrave
Author-Name: Lieven J.R. Pauwels
Author-X-Name-First: Lieven J.R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Pauwels
Author-Name: Wim Hardyns
Author-X-Name-First: Wim
Author-X-Name-Last: Hardyns
Author-Name: Koen Ponnet
Author-X-Name-First: Koen
Author-X-Name-Last: Ponnet
Title: Exploring the User Base of Online Neighborhood Networks: Determinants of Online Neighborhood Network Membership and Uses
Abstract:
This paper aims to determine the prevalence of the use of online neighborhood networks (ONNs) and explores which socio-demographic, socioeconomic status (SES), social integration, and media use determinants predict ONN membership and uses. Drawing on a stratified random sample (Ghent, Belgium), we found that over a third of the population are ONN members and that membership was mainly predicted by socio-demographic characteristics. Also, in contrast to prior research, our results show that ONNs are the local online territory of residents of lower SES, to whom these ONNs are a means of connecting with and capitalizing on neighborhood connections.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 47-62
Issue: 3
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2022.2100211
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2022.2100211
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# input file: CJUT_A_2199602_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Cecilia H. Giusti
Author-X-Name-First: Cecilia H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Giusti
Title: Gray to Green Communities: A Call to Action on the Housing and Climate Crises
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 101-103
Issue: 3
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2023.2199602
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2023.2199602
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:30:y:2023:i:3:p:101-103
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# input file: CJUT_A_2194844_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Sandra Breux
Author-X-Name-First: Sandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Breux
Author-Name: Jérémy Diaz
Author-X-Name-First: Jérémy
Author-X-Name-Last: Diaz
Author-Name: Hugo Loiseau
Author-X-Name-First: Hugo
Author-X-Name-Last: Loiseau
Title: The Smart City – Does the Individual Matter?
Abstract:
Early smart city projects tended to be technology-driven, conceiving of the citizen as a data provider. New citizen-centered projects have emerged that challenge the role of the individual in these second-generation smart cities. While some works describe the political role that individuals play in these cities, they only indirectly address the place of technology in determining the participation of the individual in these projects. In this article, we draw on the work done on another technical system—cyberspace—to address the relationship between individuals and technology in the smart city and its consequences. Adapting a typology initially developed for cyberspace and using examples of the City of Montréal, we identify three potential categories of the individual’s role within the smart city: (1) Active role (involved individual), (2) Passive role (synchronized individual), and (3) Victim (disadvantaged individual). We show that the individual is a misinformed figure, despite attempts to focus smart development on citizens. Moreover, we posit that the individual cannot have a real political role as long as the political vision of the city does not precede the technical dimension.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 33-49
Issue: 4
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2023.2194844
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2023.2194844
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# input file: CJUT_A_2266277_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Richard E. Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 4
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2023.2266277
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2023.2266277
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:30:y:2023:i:4:p:1-2
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# input file: CJUT_A_2253708_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Jae Teuk Chin
Author-X-Name-First: Jae Teuk
Author-X-Name-Last: Chin
Author-Name: Andrew Guthrie
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Guthrie
Title: What Makes a City “Smart” and Who Decides? From Vision to Reality in the USDOT Smart City Challenge
Abstract:
The concept of a “smart city” has gained currency in urban policy as a recognition of the potentially transformative role advanced information technology will play in city operations as the twenty-first century progresses. Who decides what makes a city smart and who is that smart city for are crucial questions for the urbanist literature to systematically address. Despite the concept’s recent popularity, “smart city” is a contested term and remains a chaotic dimension of urban theory. Theorizing the smart city in a US context must address a particular mix of built forms, public policies, and social conditions—all of which shape how transportation and other systems help constitute the city. To deepen understanding of the smart city concept in both theory and practice, this research explores the framing, construction, and contestation of the smart city concept through the U.S. Department of Transportation’s (USDOT’s) Smart City Challenge (SCC), launched in 2015 as a competitive grant program with the intent to provide a spark for incentivizing the development of smart infrastructure in mid-sized US cities. We compare the action plans of the seven finalist cities selected to create plans to implement their visions, including Columbus, Ohio, the eventual winner. We employ interpretivist content and discourse analysis of the applications and award decision, as well as of early implementation in Columbus, to explore shared meanings of recurring themes and key concepts, building a grounded theory of the smart city in the US context. The findings of the comparative analysis reveal further insights into prevailing challenges in smart city deployment, particularly for areas lacking inherent technology platforms.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-31
Issue: 4
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2023.2253708
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2023.2253708
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:30:y:2023:i:4:p:3-31
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# input file: CJUT_A_2220136_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Andrea Caragliu
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea
Author-X-Name-Last: Caragliu
Author-Name: Chiara F. Del Bo
Author-X-Name-First: Chiara F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Del Bo
Author-Name: Peter Nijkamp
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Nijkamp
Title: “Smart Cities in Europe” Revisited: A Meta-Analysis of Smart City Economic Impacts
Abstract:
Following up on a two decades-long debate on Smart Cities, this article provides quantitative evidence regarding the impact on urban economic outcomes of the adoption of Smart City strategies in planning and managing modern cities. In order to achieve this aim, a meta-analysis of quantitative and modeling studies is presented as a systematic synthesis tool, based on a keyword search on Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Scopus data bases. Our meta-analytical modeling results demonstrate significant geographical heterogeneity in the assessed impacts, and suggest that a relevant role is played by whether urban smartness is interpreted and pursued in a holistic or digital-only orientation. Suggestions for further research are provided as well.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 51-69
Issue: 4
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2023.2220136
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2023.2220136
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# input file: CJUT_A_2255122_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Huaxiong Jiang
Author-X-Name-First: Huaxiong
Author-X-Name-Last: Jiang
Author-Name: Haozhi Pan
Author-X-Name-First: Haozhi
Author-X-Name-Last: Pan
Author-Name: Yanliu Lin
Author-X-Name-First: Yanliu
Author-X-Name-Last: Lin
Author-Name: Stan Geertman
Author-X-Name-First: Stan
Author-X-Name-Last: Geertman
Title: Hacking Corporate Smart Cities Under COVID-19: Towards a Smart Governance Approach
Abstract:
The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed huge challenges on smart cities, requiring a reimagining and transformation of their governance structures. This viewpoint argues that a smart governance approach should be applied to remodel the uniform, often technocratic and corporate-led way of coping with COVID-19 in the smart city context. There is a need to develop more technology-enabled collaborative actions across sectors and among various actors to recover better from the pandemic. A far-sighted view is also needed to build citizen-centric open governance capacities—the emergent character of mass participation in cities—for readiness, responsiveness, and long-term resilience. The need for a robust communication policy is highlighted to transmit well-timed and critical information to a range of actors interested in smart city transformation.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 71-81
Issue: 4
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2023.2255122
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2023.2255122
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# input file: CJUT_A_2253421_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Aldiyar Belossarov
Author-X-Name-First: Aldiyar
Author-X-Name-Last: Belossarov
Author-Name: Attila Aba
Author-X-Name-First: Attila
Author-X-Name-Last: Aba
Author-Name: Domokos Esztergár-Kiss
Author-X-Name-First: Domokos
Author-X-Name-Last: Esztergár-Kiss
Title: Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process Method to Evaluate Mobility as a Service (MaaS) Applications
Abstract:
The Mobility as a Service (MaaS) concept is widely discussed, but only a small number of publications consider real-world solutions and a quantified evaluation of travel-related applications. Therefore, this article aims to evaluate and rank existing MaaS services to support the development of future MaaS applications by highlighting the most relevant features. Thus, a framework of the technical aspects is created, where the aspects are categorized into routing, booking, payment, ticketing, and supplementary services. Based on the defined aspects and their sub-aspects, an evaluation of selected applications is performed in three stages by applying the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. In the first stage, the assessment of the examined MaaS services is carried out by using a multi-criteria analysis (i.e., scoring). In the second stage, the relative importance of the aspects is weighted (i.e., weighting). The third stage is based on the ranking of MaaS services by taking the weights of the aspects into account. According to the achieved scores, the analyzed MaaS services earn only 44 percent of their potential maximum value, and the payment is the most important among the technical aspects. The applied method reveals quantified results, which provides valuable guidelines for future implementations, especially for application developers.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 83-112
Issue: 4
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2023.2253421
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2023.2253421
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:30:y:2023:i:4:p:83-112
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# input file: CJUT_A_2214457_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Martin de Jong
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: de Jong
Title: Frankenstein Urbanism: Eco, Smart and Autonomous Cities, Artificial Intelligence and the End of the City
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 113-114
Issue: 4
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2023.2214457
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2023.2214457
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# input file: CJUT_A_2245305_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: David Candeia
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Candeia
Author-Name: Flavio Figueiredo
Author-X-Name-First: Flavio
Author-X-Name-Last: Figueiredo
Author-Name: Nazareno Andrade
Author-X-Name-First: Nazareno
Author-X-Name-Last: Andrade
Title: Crowdsourcing Pleasantness and Safety Perceptions: An Analysis through Multiple Rankings and Socio-Demographic Groups
Abstract:
Our perception of public spaces guides our behavior on them. Understanding which factors shape this perception informs both urban planners, who aim to improve city life, as well as computational models that help us navigate urban spaces. Crowdsourcing games have been employed to evaluate citizens’ perceptions of urban scenes at scale. This work contributes to crowdsourcing studies by evaluating different strategies to aggregate perceptions and rank scenes, as well as investigating the relation of captured perceptions with features of the urban form and the socio-demographic profile of participants.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 79-100
Issue: 5
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2023.2245305
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2023.2245305
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# input file: CJUT_A_2269945_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: J. F. Yan
Author-X-Name-First: J. F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Yan
Author-Name: B. Liu
Author-X-Name-First: B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: J. B. Bai
Author-X-Name-First: J. B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bai
Author-Name: F. Z. Su
Author-X-Name-First: F. Z.
Author-X-Name-Last: Su
Author-Name: C. C. Miao
Author-X-Name-First: C. C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Miao
Title: Mining the Sequence Pattern of Functional Zones to Analyze the Spatial Layout of Port Cites in Coastal Zones
Abstract:
To study the impact of port changes on the urban functional structure and reveal the interactive relationship between ports and cities, a functional sequence extraction model (FSEM) is constructed in this study. The model employs a fan-shaped sampling method to divide experimental areas, extracts the functional zone sequence from sea to land along each sample line to establish the sample data set and mines the optimal functional sequence in each experimental area through association rules. Qingdao Port, Johor Port, and Manila Port are selected as experimental areas to verify the model, and the random forest (RF) model is adopted to identify the urban functional zones during different periods. The results indicate that the development of ports has a profound impact on the spatial configuration and structure of functional zones from sea to land. This method is conducive to solving the technical problems associated with the spatial and interactive development of port cities and provides a model reference for studies of the spatial correlation in other regions. Only by overall control and planning, overall coordination of the distribution of various functional areas, and reasonable spatial layout will the development of ports and cities be sustainable.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 101-120
Issue: 5
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2023.2269945
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2023.2269945
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# input file: CJUT_A_2218792_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Ana Ruiz-Varona
Author-X-Name-First: Ana
Author-X-Name-Last: Ruiz-Varona
Author-Name: María Blasco-Cubas
Author-X-Name-First: María
Author-X-Name-Last: Blasco-Cubas
Author-Name: Antonio Iglesias-Soria
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio
Author-X-Name-Last: Iglesias-Soria
Title: Does Mobility Experience Matter? Insights from a Model-Oriented Practice in Zaragoza, Spain
Abstract:
This study evaluates the role of model-oriented decision support systems in the understanding of complex variables related to urban mobility challenges. To this end, the MobilityExperience platform has been developed as a planning support system (PSSs) to contribute to better informed decision-making in citizens’ commitment to climate neutrality and self-sufficient energy city policies. The results show that the three proposed visualization modes lead to an increase in understanding urban mobility; emphasize the importance of an interactive approach to reinforce the role of an increasing number of agents; and enable a deeper level of collaboration in a data ecosystem framework.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 53-78
Issue: 5
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2023.2218792
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2023.2218792
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# input file: CJUT_A_2254203_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Mingfeng Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Mingfeng
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Tingting Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Tingting
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Wei Zhou
Author-X-Name-First: Wei
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhou
Title: Internet Plus, Industrial Transformation, and China’s Evolving Urban System
Abstract:
With the emergence of new and advanced information and telecommunication technologies, Chinese cities are encountering significant changes in their development dynamics. This study examines the spatial pattern of emerging industries under the influence of new technologies within the context of China’s “Internet Plus” initiative. It constructs a theoretical framework from an evolutionary economic geography (EEG) perspective and highlights the interdependence between the Internet Plus economy and urban systems. The analysis finds that the development of Internet Plus in cities intensifies the spatial agglomeration of new economic resources, and results in industrial transformation led by only a few large cities and spatial polarization within the urban system. However, advances in Internet technologies also provide a window of opportunity for smaller cities, and local industrial bases and relevant specializations play a crucial role in this process.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 3-23
Issue: 5
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2023.2254203
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2023.2254203
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# input file: CJUT_A_2289282_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Richard E. Hanley
Author-X-Name-First: Richard E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanley
Title: From the Editor
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-2
Issue: 5
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2023.2289282
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2023.2289282
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# input file: CJUT_A_2270900_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Perla Zambrano-Prado
Author-X-Name-First: Perla
Author-X-Name-Last: Zambrano-Prado
Author-Name: Alejandro Josa
Author-X-Name-First: Alejandro
Author-X-Name-Last: Josa
Author-Name: Joan Rieradevall
Author-X-Name-First: Joan
Author-X-Name-Last: Rieradevall
Author-Name: Ramon Alamús
Author-X-Name-First: Ramon
Author-X-Name-Last: Alamús
Author-Name: Fernando Pérez
Author-X-Name-First: Fernando
Author-X-Name-Last: Pérez
Author-Name: Juan Marchan
Author-X-Name-First: Juan
Author-X-Name-Last: Marchan
Author-Name: Santiago Gassó
Author-X-Name-First: Santiago
Author-X-Name-Last: Gassó
Author-Name: Xavier Gabarrell
Author-X-Name-First: Xavier
Author-X-Name-Last: Gabarrell
Title: Mapping Roof Materials in Cities for Food, Water, and Energy Production: A Mediterranean Metropolitan Area Case Study
Abstract:
In recent years, rooftops have been used as productive spaces for local resource (e.g. food, water, or energy) production. The main objective of this study is to demonstrate the potential of hyperspectral data to identify roof materials in cities. The case study area is located in a Mediterranean region north of Barcelona (Spain); diverse building typologies, building uses (residential, industrial, office, services and retail) and population densities constitute this study area. Two hyperspectral remote sensors (HRSs) were used to obtain hyperspectral images. Seven roof classes were identified using the k-means clustering algorithm. Most roofs were identified as metals (33 percent), followed by ceramic tiles (22 percent). The findings showed that 51 percent of roofs could be suitable for food, water, or energy production. Nevertheless, for a more reliable assessment of this potential, more criteria are needed.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 25-51
Issue: 5
Volume: 30
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2023.2270900
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2023.2270900
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# input file: CJUT_A_2322007_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Anna Nikolaeva
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Nikolaeva
Title: Smart Cities and (Smart) Cycling: Exploring the Synergies in Copenhagen and Amsterdam
Abstract:
In cities worldwide, cycling is increasingly upgraded with smart technology and is included in smart cities' visions and projects. This process has not been problematized in public discourse, as smart innovation is seen as a potential booster of the known benefits of cycling. Drawing on critical literatures on smart cities, smart mobility, and degrowth and using the case studies of Copenhagen and Amsterdam, the article opens up a more critical conversation on the subject, discussing the role of "techno-solutionism,” technology push, and pro-innovation bias in the process of “smartification” of cycling.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 29-49
Issue: 1
Volume: 31
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2024.2322007
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2024.2322007
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# input file: CJUT_A_2311636_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Jarvis Suslowicz
Author-X-Name-First: Jarvis
Author-X-Name-Last: Suslowicz
Author-Name: Marco te Brömmelstroet
Author-X-Name-First: Marco te
Author-X-Name-Last: Brömmelstroet
Title: Playing in Traffic? Exploring the Intersection of Platforms, Agency, and Space in Bicycle Courier Mobilities
Abstract:
This article explores change in the mobile geographies of bicycle courier work as a result of platform economy influences, with a focus on how agency of movement characteristic of messenger culture is maintained or altered through the use of algorithmic routing and management of the delivery process. A mixed-methods approach based in Amsterdam and Oslo uses participatory geographic Information systems (PGIS) to map bicycle couriers’ spatial preferences in their working environment; semi-structured interviews to approach mobile decision making; and (auto)ethnographic data to consider the embodiment of movement across both case studies. This article provides an updated empirical understanding of couriers’ mobile, urban geography compared with pre-platform messenger work, while examining the role of new organizational technologies on movement using a Lefebvrian spatial framework, emphasizing the gaps between spaces as exploitable by different actors in the delivery work sphere. The results show both a new, extended spatiality of bicycle-based work enabled by associated technologies, alongside both the loss and adoption of new means of appropriating urban and digital spaces resulting from algorithmic control of the delivery process.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 129-155
Issue: 1
Volume: 31
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2024.2311636
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2024.2311636
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# input file: CJUT_A_2325336_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Matthew Cook
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew
Author-X-Name-Last: Cook
Title: Investigating Digitally Inflected Intercity Cycle Commuting
Abstract:
Multiple smart-city cycle technologies have been developed to support cycle commuting and create lower carbon cities. Such technologies hold significant potential to reshape how cycle commuting is experienced, understood, and governed. To investigate such phenomena, this article provides a rich account of digitally inflected inter-city cycle commuting. It shows how technologies including gamification elements script cycle commuting and consequently reshape cycling practices and infrastructures. As such digitally inflected cycle commuting is revealed as a complex multifaceted process of selfhood, reflexivity, embodiment, and social interaction which challenges imaginaries of mobile subjects underpinning standardized smart city transport policy prescriptions.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 93-108
Issue: 1
Volume: 31
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2024.2325336
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2024.2325336
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# input file: CJUT_A_2177954_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Karima Kourtit
Author-X-Name-First: Karima
Author-X-Name-Last: Kourtit
Author-Name: Peter Nijkamp
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Nijkamp
Author-Name: John Osth
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Osth
Author-Name: Umut Turk
Author-X-Name-First: Umut
Author-X-Name-Last: Turk
Title: Cyclists as Intelligent Carriers of Space-Time Environmental Information: Crowd-Sourced Sensor Data for Local Air Quality Measurement and Mobility Analysis in the Netherlands
Abstract:
In recent years, slow travel modes (walking, cycling) have gained much interest in the context of urban air quality management. This article presents the findings from a novel air quality measurement experiment in the Netherlands, by regarding cyclists as carriers and transmitters of real-world information on fine-grained air quality conditions. Using individual sensors on bicycles—connected to a GPS positioning system—online local pollution information originating from cyclists’ detailed spatial mobility patterns is obtained. Such air quality surface maps and cyclists’ mobility maps are then used to identify whether there are significant differences between the actual route choice and the cyclists’ shortest route choice, so as to identify the implications of poor air quality conditions for their mobility choices. Thus, the article seeks to present both a detailed pollution surface map and the complex space-time mobility patterns of cyclists in a region, on the basis of online quantitative data—at any point in time and space—from bicycle users in a given locality. In addition, the article estimates their response—in terms of route choice—to detailed air-quality information through the use of a novel geoscience-inspired analysis of space-time “big data.” The empirical test of our quantitative modeling approach was carried out for the Greater Utrecht area in the Netherlands. Our findings confirm that spatial concentration of air pollutants have great consequences for bike users’ route choice patterns, especially in the case of non-commuting trips. We also find that cyclists make longer trips on weekends and in the evenings, especially towards parks and natural amenities.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 73-91
Issue: 1
Volume: 31
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2023.2177954
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2023.2177954
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# input file: CJUT_A_2347806_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Anna Nikolaeva
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Nikolaeva
Author-Name: Alan Latham
Author-X-Name-First: Alan
Author-X-Name-Last: Latham
Title: Cities and Smart Technology: The Case of Cycling
Abstract:
The term ‘smart cities’ describes a bundle of informational technologies that are profoundly reconfiguring how cities are managed and experienced. This piece is an introduction to a special issue of the journal on cycling, cities, and smart technology. For all the attention on smart cities within the social sciences, surprisingly little scholarship has focused on the ways that specific technologies and practices are enrolled or incorporated into ideas and visions for the smart city or smart urbanism. The articles in the special issue “Cities and Smart Technology: The Case of Cycling” seek to address this lacuna.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 1-7
Issue: 1
Volume: 31
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2024.2347806
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2024.2347806
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# input file: CJUT_A_2324851_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Denver V. Nixon
Author-X-Name-First: Denver V.
Author-X-Name-Last: Nixon
Author-Name: Tim Schwanen
Author-X-Name-First: Tim
Author-X-Name-Last: Schwanen
Title: Community Smarts in Grassroots Initiatives to Support Cycling and Walking in Large Urban Areas
Abstract:
In the popular imagination, smart mobility, much like the smart city, is a high-tech utopia of mobility efficiency and environmental sustainability. However, a growing body of literature is questioning the promises associated with “digital solutions,” particularly with respect to the neoliberal rationales behind their deployment. On the other hand, relatively few scholars have taken the same critical analysis to smart mobility. In this article we draw on interviews with leaders of grassroots organizations that support walking and cycling among marginalized communities in São Paulo and London to argue that “smart” interventions in active transportation do not have to be top-down, technocratic, or necessarily digital, though they may be so, when informed by community input. We suggest that the locally sensitive knowledge behind grassroots initiatives may demonstrate a form of “community smarts” that enhances capabilities and itself informs whether or not, and if so how, to use digital technologies to advance social and environmental missions.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 9-28
Issue: 1
Volume: 31
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2024.2324851
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2024.2324851
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# input file: CJUT_A_2257476_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Justin Spinney
Author-X-Name-First: Justin
Author-X-Name-Last: Spinney
Title: Valuing “Othered” Rationalities in the Smart City: Examining Children’s Cycling from a Justice Perspective
Abstract:
This article seeks to contribute to the intersection of children’s mobility (specifically cycling) by assessing the extent to which emerging socio-technical smart city systems accommodate children’s rationalities. In order to do so, it reviews literature on children’s mobility, cycling, and participation in design of smart solutions. Through this process, I highlight distributional injustice where children are marginalized in adult-centric cycling discourses, spaces, and smart initiatives. In making this point the review draws attention to the ways in which children are excluded because their more social and playful rationalities of cycling are not recognized in adult/ policy readings of cycling. Linked to this, I show that children’s rationalities are othered procedurally in the development of smart solutions because children are either absent, treated as data nodes, or asked to solve pre-defined problems of transport optimization. I conclude by foregrounding four elements that could contribute to what smart(er) cycling might look like from a child’s perspective: accommodating a plurality of motives with a particular emphasis on less instrumental and more convivial and playful mobilities; physical and urban infrastructures that emphasize social connection; accounting for the relative absence of technologies in children’s lives; seeking to “make children count” in (smart) decision-making processes.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 51-72
Issue: 1
Volume: 31
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2023.2257476
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2023.2257476
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# input file: CJUT_A_2001714_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Cosmin Popan
Author-X-Name-First: Cosmin
Author-X-Name-Last: Popan
Title: Embodied Precariat and Digital Control in the “Gig Economy”: The Mobile Labor of Food Delivery Workers
Abstract:
The promises of flexible work and instant deliveries promoted through food delivery apps are one of the latest trends within the “gig economy” and lay at the forefront of smart city agendas. This article focuses on the work undertaken by Deliveroo couriers to investigate how they embody, negotiate, and contest the “smartness” of the platform. Drawing on ethnographic research in London and Manchester, analysis of internal online communication, and interviews with workers, the article examines how competing understandings of “smartness” emerge in response to algorithmic management in the workplace. This paper conceptualizes two distinctive yet overlapping attitudes among couriers—entrepreneurialism and solidarity—and discusses their implications for the future of platform work.
Journal: Journal of Urban Technology
Pages: 109-128
Issue: 1
Volume: 31
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/10630732.2021.2001714
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/10630732.2021.2001714
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Handle: RePEc:taf:cjutxx:v:31:y:2024:i:1:p:109-128