Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan Kratke 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kratke 
Title: Berlin: The Metropolis as a Production Space 
Abstract:
  Metropolitan regions can be regarded as economic areas comprising various
 sub-economies with different forms of economic and spatial organization.
 The purpose of this article is to undertake a critical appraisal of the
 vision of Berlin as a 'service metropolis' through empirical observation
 of sectoral trends and locational patterns in the city, and to establish
 that Berlin's urban area is a major production space with a complex fabric
 of specialized production districts. This spatial organization will be
 examined in terms of the level of agglomeration of various sub-economies
 with special reference to the formation of local enterprise clusters in
 the Berlin economic area. Berlin's specialization profile and the
 employment trend in the city compared with other metropolitan cities in
 Germany make it clear that the metropolis of Berlin is under threat as a
 production space, and this threat partly stems from the way in which the
 real estate business has developed in the Berlin area. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 7-27 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/096543100110901 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/096543100110901 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:1:p:7-27




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xavier Vence 
Author-X-Name-First: Xavier 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vence 
Author-Name: Xulia Guntin 
Author-X-Name-First: Xulia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Guntin 
Author-Name: Oscar Rodil 
Author-X-Name-First: Oscar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodil 
Title: Determinants of the Uneven Regional Participation of Firms in European Technology Programmes. The 'Low R&D Trap' 
Abstract:
  Technology is of key importance to the growth of regional firms and
 economies. Research has shown the association between low technology
 development or take-up and regional disparities. Hence technology policy
 is moving closer to the heart of regional policies. European innovation
 programmes are intended to involve firms, large and small, in
 international technology research and development networks. The paper
 focuses on the involvement of Spanish firms in such programmes.
 Participation tends to be low if business R&D, presence of large firms,
 and the development of regional innovation systems are also low. Creation
 of R&D infrastructure through the Structural Funds has now to be
 prioritized at EU level and also define a new scheme of sectoral
 priorities in order to support R&D innovation activities in fields diverse
 from high-tech, if regions are to escape the 'low R&D trap'. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 29-42 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/096543100110910 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/096543100110910 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:1:p:29-42




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Konstantinos Melachroinos 
Author-X-Name-First: Konstantinos 
Author-X-Name-Last: Melachroinos 
Author-Name: Nigel Spence 
Author-X-Name-First: Nigel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Spence 
Title: Constructing a Manufacturing Fixed Capital Stock Series for the Regions of Greece 
Abstract:
  Although regional variation in rates of capital accumulation is
 considered a major component of spatially uneven industrial development,
 it remains largely an understudied area. The theoretical and
 methodological problems that surround the measurement of capital,
 generally, alongside the lack of necessary information about a wide range
 of specific aspects, pose serious obstacles in any attempt to construct
 regional capital stock series. In such a context, the main aim of this
 paper is to make the best possible effort to construct a regional
 manufacturing fixed capital stock series for Greece. The limited
 availability of information (not unusual in regional as opposed to
 national contexts) and the necessity of making some arbitrary, but
 specified, assumptions mean that the estimation steps have to be presented
 in detail to assess reliability. Four regional fixed capital stock series
 for total manufacturing activity are generated. The results are then
 assessed in the context of uneven spatial development in Greece. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 43-67 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/096543100110929 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/096543100110929 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Guy Baeten 
Author-X-Name-First: Guy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Baeten 
Title: The Tragedy of the Highway: Empowerment, Disempowerment and the Politics of Sustainability Discourses and Practices 
Abstract:
  It is argued in this paper that the orthodox sustainable transport vision
 leads to the further empowerment of technocratic and elitist groups in
 society while simultaneously contributing to the further disempowerment of
 those marginalized social groups who were already bearing the burden of
 the environmental problems resulting from a troubled transport system.
 Scalar redefinitions of the transport problem play a prominent role in the
 twin processes of empowerment and disempowerment. Furthermore, the
 contributions of spatial planning and neo-classical transport economics to
 the sustainable transport discourses will be critically investigated. The
 issues of transport inequality and transport poverty should be re-inserted
 into the dominant transport policy debates and practices. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 69-86 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/096543100110938 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/096543100110938 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:1:p:69-86




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David North 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: North 
Author-Name: David Smallbone 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smallbone 
Title: Innovative Activity in SMEs and Rural Economic Development: Some Evidence from England 
Abstract:
  Recent writings on the factors influencing the competitiveness of
 regional and local economies have emphasized the importance of innovation
 in SMEs. This paper discusses the findings of a study of the innovation
 process in a sample of SMEs located in rural environments. Adopting a
 broad, evolutionary view of the innovation process, the study highlights
 important sectoral variations using a multidimensional index of
 innovation. The way in which innovation is achieved is found to be shaped
 by various aspects of the rural environment, but relatively few firms are
 constrained by their rural location. Nor does the lack of local networking
 opportunities appear to hold back innovation in the more active SMEs. In
 conclusion, the most innovative firms are shown to make an important
 contribution to rural economies in terms of external income generation and
 employment generation. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 87-106 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/096543100110947 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/096543100110947 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:1:p:87-106




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nigel Curry 
Author-X-Name-First: Nigel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Curry 
Author-Name: Michael Winter 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Winter 
Title: EUROPEAN BRIEFING: The Transition to Environmental Agriculture in Europe: Learning Processes and Knowledge Networks 
Abstract:
  Environmental policies in agriculture have now been fully incorporated
 into policy throughout Europe both within and outside of the European
 Union. One of the cornerstones to the successful implementation of these
 policies is both the willingness and ability of farmers to implement them.
 Many actors influence both the formulation and implementation of such
 policies, from governments, through pressure groups and the agricultural
 knowledge networks (AKNs) in various countries, to farmers themselves. In
 assessing the principal objectives of all of these actors, it can be seen
 that none has environmental goals as their principal objective, and the
 development of policies is thus both difficult and a residual priority.
 This situation is likely to be ameliorated not through a focus on more
 effective policy instruments for agri-environmental polices, but through
 adjustments of administrative structures for both their development and in
 carrying them out. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 107-121 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/096543100110956 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/096543100110956 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:1:p:107-121




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andres Precedo Ledo 
Author-X-Name-First: Andres Precedo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ledo 
Title: RESEARCH BRIEFING: A Regionalization Strategy to Promote Integrated Local Development: The Comarcal Development Plan of Galicia 
Abstract:
  This paper reports on the administrative innovation for promoting
 integrated sectoral and spatial planning, based on the designation of
 Comarcas, by the Galician regional government in Spain. The region has
 suffered from peripherality and a heavy bias towards low productivity
 agricultural, fishing and food processing industries. Traditional regional
 policies had led to urban expansion but rural desertification. The
 Galician government embarked in 1991 on a radical new approach to
 development planning based on building new administrative entities based
 on urban and village networks. The new planning delivery system now exists
 and is already active in promoting more balanced and integrated planned
 development. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 123-134 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/096543100110965 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/096543100110965 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Iain Begg 
Author-X-Name-First: Iain 
Author-X-Name-Last: Begg 
Author-Name: David Mayes 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mayes 
Title: GUEST EDITORIAL: Decentralized Industrial Policy 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 149-156 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/096543100110794 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/096543100110794 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:2:p:149-156




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Denis Maillat 
Author-X-Name-First: Denis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maillat 
Author-Name: Antony Schneiter 
Author-X-Name-First: Antony 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schneiter 
Title: Economic Development Policy in the Canton of Neuchatel 
Abstract:
  After having experienced a period of steady economic and demographic
 growth in the 1960s, the Canton of Neuchatel was very severely hit by the
 crisis of 1975 and subsequently by that of 1982. Industrial activity
 suffered the consequences of these two successive recessions, in
 particular in horology. To fend off the crisis, the political authorities
 of the canton decided to pursue an active policy of business promotion. In
 parallel with these efforts, the territorial production system underwent
 considerable transformation. However, new forms of territorial development
 must now be considered in order to ensure that it can adapt to the
 continuous changes in the business environment. This paper is divided into
 four parts. First, it is important to set out the economic context in
 which the canton of Neuchatel has evolved in recent decades. Second, we
 have considered the various business promotion measures undertaken by the
 canton and the Confederation. This leads us to the third part, which
 describes the transformation of the territorial production system. As for
 the fourth and last part, it describes the new strategic directions that
 the canton of Neuchatel can pursue in the field of economic development. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 157-167 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/096543100110802 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/096543100110802 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:2:p:157-167




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dorothea Sturn 
Author-X-Name-First: Dorothea 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sturn 
Title: Decentralized Industrial Policies in Practice: The Case of Austria and Styria 
Abstract:
  Unlike other European countries, most industrial policy in Austria still
 takes place at the Federal level. With recent open access to European
 funding programmes on the one hand and increasing regional engagement in
 industrial policy questions on the other, we see ongoing changes in this
 structure. As a result, industrial policy strategies for Austria are more
 and more designed in close complementarity with both international and
 regional strategies. The recent shift toward technology policy observeable
 in nearly all industrialized countries has also taken place in Austria and
 has favoured major urban areas. Nevertheless, a consensus-oriented
 tradition in stabilization and social policy have had remarkable negative
 effects on laggard regions up to now. The plan of this paper is
 documenting the actual situation as well as recent chances in Austrian
 industrial and technology policy. Furthermore, philosophy, principal
 targets and instruments of new industrial policy at the Lander level
 (Styria) are examined to offer a closer view on advantages and possible
 disadvantages of regional industrial policy. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 169-182 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/096543100110811 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/096543100110811 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alasdair Reid 
Author-X-Name-First: Alasdair 
Author-X-Name-Last: Reid 
Author-Name: Bernard Musyck 
Author-X-Name-First: Bernard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Musyck 
Title: Industrial Policy in Wallonia: A Rupture with the Past? 
Abstract:
  One of the main issues facing almost all European regional policy-makers
 is how to ensure a smooth adaptation of their industrial structure in the
 face of changing societal and technological parameters. In the case of the
 Belgian region Wallonia, industrial decline has particularly marked the
 economy during recent decades and the need to promote structural change
 has been a central preoccupation of national and, subsequently, regional
 governments. At the same time, the highly complex system of governance in
 Belgium renders the definition and application of a coherent regional
 industrial policy difficult. This paper explores the development of
 industrial policy in the Walloon region with particular attention to the
 period since 1990 and the pertinence of the instruments and delivery
 mechanisms with respect to the underlying structural issues facing the
 regional economy. The paper is divided into four sections: the first
 offers a historical profile of the industrial development of the Walloon
 economy and in particular identifies some of the factors which provoked a
 serious structural crisis. The section reviews the economic impact of the
 successive phases of rationalization and diversification which have taken
 place since the 1970s and discusses how the industrial strategies adopted
 by the business sector and supported by the regional government have
 influenced the speed of economic regeneration. The second section
 considers the complex federal system of government in Belgium and how it
 influences the freedom of action for regional industrial policy. The
 governance of the economy by the numerous public or semi-public
 institutions active in the field of industrial policy is a crucial issue.
 A critical review of the main initiatives, instruments and targets of
 industrial policy in Wallonia is offered in section three, while the paper
 concludes by contrasting the Walloon industrial policy with initiatives
 taken in the neighbouring area of South-West Flanders and ponders the
 issue of whether in the end the key factor arresting the development of
 Wallonia is the insufficient level of 'social capital'. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 183-200 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/096543100110820 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/096543100110820 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:2:p:183-200




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chang Woon Nam 
Author-X-Name-First: Chang Woon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nam 
Title: Decentralized Industrial Policy in Germany. Case Study: Bavaria 
Abstract:
  Bavaria has achieved a dynamic change in its economic structure since the
 end of World War II, having evolved in the last four decades from an
 agricultural to a well-performing modern and service state. A wide variety
 of R&D-, SME- and infrastructure-oriented industrial policy measures have
 significantly contributed to the establishment of new small firms and job
 creation, the modernization of industrial structure as well as the
 economic and technology development in this German state. Bavarian
 industrial policy also stresses the subsidiarity principle and the
 working-together-through-dialogue principle of various groups including
 government, firms, trade unions, interest groups, etc. This type of
 loosely defined industrial policy has functioned remarkably well in the
 Bavarian-specific framework, in which a few large leading firms of
 international renown, in combination with the strong SME-basis, have
 played a key role for the rapid development. This study examines some
 major characteristics of regional industrial policy measures in Germany,
 taking Bavaria as a successful case. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 201-209 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/096543100110839 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/096543100110839 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:2:p:201-209




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael H. Best 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: H. Best 
Author-Name: Robert Forrant 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Forrant 
Title: Regional Industrial Modernization Programmes: Two Cases from Massachusetts 
Abstract:
  Faced with the dramatic loss of manufacturing employment in the late
 1980s and early 1990s, two regions of Massachusetts became home to
 innovative industrial modernization programmes designed to enhance the
 performance of remaining enterprise and hopefully strengthen the state's
 manufacturing base. The Machine Action Project, a community and industry
 based endeavour in Western Massachusetts, worked with hundreds of
 metalworking firms while in Eastern Massachusetts the University of
 Massachusetts Lowell restructured many of its existing academic and
 research activities to better meet the needs of firms and communities.
 These two programmes are analysed for the ways in which they established
 public-private partnerships to enhance their regional economies as well as
 contributed to the ongoing discussion over the role of public institutions
 in sustainable regional development. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 211-223 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/096543100110848 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/096543100110848 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:2:p:211-223




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jurgen Schmandt 
Author-X-Name-First: Jurgen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schmandt 
Author-Name: David Hitchcock 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hitchcock 
Title: The Houston Advanced Research Center (HARC): A Private Initiative for Industrial Development 
Abstract:
  The private sector can create unique institutions that help to achieve
 industrial and economic goals. To demonstrate this growth model, the
 Houston Advanced Research Centre (HARC) was created as a private
 non-profit organization, part of a new town development north of Houston,
 Texas. Over its 17-year history, HARC has successfully linked university,
 industry and governmental research in this framework. During this time,
 four strategies have been tested: large or sensitive R&D projects, strong
 links with member universities, efforts to bring technology to the
 marketplace, and policy analysis and advice. Of these, the latter three
 are today's successes as HARC has become a more responsive,
 service-oriented organization. Also, sustainable development has emerged
 as a unifying theme, reflecting part of the organization's initial legacy
 from its founder, George P. Mitchell. The Woodlands has grown around HARC
 as a place to live for over 50,000 people, a growing job base, and
 realization of the initial "research forest" concept with more than 100
 firms and 4,500 employees. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 225-236 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/096543100110857 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/096543100110857 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:2:p:225-236




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andreas Faludi 
Author-X-Name-First: Andreas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Faludi 
Title: The European Spatial Development Perspective - What Next? 
Abstract:
  In May 1999, ministers of the Member States of the European Union
 responsible for spatial planning approved the European Spatial Development
 Perspective (ESDP). The document is the product of Member States and the
 European Commission co-operating on the Committee on Spatial Development
 (CSD). The ESDP is the work of a small band of European planners. Between
 them they have succeeded in putting European spatial development on the
 agenda. This is no mean achievement. However, the visualization of spatial
 policies in the ESDP is weak. The problem has not been lack of imagination
 but divergences between European planning traditions. Also, attitudes
 towards European planning cannot be divorced from those towards European
 integration. And, even if there was consensus on the 'high politics'
 involved, planning in the European system of 'multi-level governance'
 raises difficult issues. The paper proposes strategies, not for 'solving'
 problems, the solution of which eludes us at present, but for sustaining
 the momentum. The first evolves around INTERREG II C (soon: INTERREG III
 B). There should be provisions for teasing out the implications for a
 future ESDP. Attention should focus on the 'spatial visions' that some
 programmes include. A Northwest European cluster seems a good point to
 start with. Another strategy is for the European Commission to make
 explicit its own views, if necessary specifying where the Commission
 differs from the Member States. These strategies should provide the
 impetus for a sustained commitment to the ESDP process. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 237-250 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/096543100110866 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/096543100110866 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:2:p:237-250




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. G. Lloyd 
Author-X-Name-First: M. G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lloyd 
Author-Name: J. McCarthy 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: McCarthy 
Title: The Scottish Parliament, Regulation and Land Use Planning 
Abstract:
  Constitutional reforms are taking place in Scotland, Wales and Northern
 Ireland. These offer the opportunity to bring about a more effective
 policy framework for a range of policy areas including land use planning.
 In Scotland, the introduction of the Scottish Parliament in 1999 could
 allow the improvement of spatial planning policy and practice in a variety
 of ways, including bringing a more strategic approach at regional level,
 introducing a national plan and ensuring greater links with innovative
 community planning exercises. Such improvements could ensure a more
 sustainable environment as well as a more inclusive society and could
 offer lessons for similar practice in other contexts. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 251-256 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/096543100110875 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/096543100110875 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:2:p:251-256




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David A. Wolfe 
Author-X-Name-First: David A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wolfe 
Title: Networking Among Regions: Ontario and the Four Motors for Europe&#xB9; 
Abstract:
  The formation of regional alliances among sub-national governments has
 become a common feature of Europe in the past decade and a half. However,
 examples of such alliances spanning the Triad, Europe, North America and
 Japan, are far less common. In a brief outward-oriented phase in the late
 1980s, the Four Motors for Europe expanded abroad and Ontario signed a
 formal agreement with them, establishing a number of exchanges, as well as
 a series of more targeted research projects with two of the Motors. The
 relationship between Ontario and the Four Motors was somewhat unique in
 terms of its transcontinental reach. This paper analyses the factors which
 led to the establishment of the alliance and assesses some of the benefits
 achieved and problems encountered in developing it. It concludes that
 transatlantic alliances must surmount additional barriers of space and
 cultural differences to survive and require a strong degree of policy and
 institutional continuity to ensure they have sufficient time to mature and
 develop. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 267-284 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666407 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666407 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:3:p:267-284




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christos Kalantaridis 
Author-X-Name-First: Christos 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kalantaridis 
Title: Globalization and Entrepreneurial Response in Post-Socialist Transformation: A Case Study from Transcarpathia, Ukraine 
Abstract:
  This paper sets out to examine the extent and characteristics of the
 globalization process in a region undergoing a process of socio-economic
 transformation. In doing so it draws upon the experience of an
 entrepreneurial, globally orientated, garment-making enterprise in
 Transcarpathia, the western most region of the Ukraine. The bulk of
 earlier scholarly research focused upon the consequences of the strategies
 implemented by multinational corporations. We argue, that this study
 points towards an alternative mode of integration in the global
 economy-one which received little attention in the Central and Eastern
 European context. This takes the form of a set of sub-contracting
 relationships between parent enterprises in Western Europe, intermediaries
 located in economies which achieved significant advances in the process of
 transformation (such as Hungary and Slovakia), and manufacturers in the
 locality. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 285-299 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666412 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666412 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:3:p:285-299




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ian Vickers 
Author-X-Name-First: Ian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vickers 
Author-Name: David North 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: North 
Title: Regional Technology Initiatives: Some Insights from the English Regions 
Abstract:
  The paper presents findings from recent research on the policy role and
 experience of a number of Regional Technology Initiatives (RTIs) aimed at
 supporting innovation and technology transfer, particularly in small- and
 medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), in the English regions. The findings are
 discussed in relation to recent theoretical debates around innovation
 processes within SMEs, regional innovation systems and learning/actor
 networks. A primary concern is to understand the factors shaping the
 evolution of such initiatives and the lessons to be learnt from the
 experience to date. In this respect discussion focuses on four key issues:
 the funding driven nature of most of the initiatives; the move away from
 simply making new technology more accessible to a more client-need centred
 approach; the structural and cultural obstacles to improved links between
 academia and SMEs and how some of these can be ameliorated; and the issue
 of strategic integration between business support agencies within a region
 to support longer term economic development agendas. The paper concludes
 that the long-term viability of the RTIs will be dependent on their
 continuing capacity to anticipate and respond to an evolving, and to some
 extent uncertain, regional policy context. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 301-318 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666413 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666413 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:3:p:301-318




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bob Morgan 
Author-X-Name-First: Bob 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morgan 
Author-Name: David Brooksbank 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brooksbank 
Author-Name: Michael Connolly 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Connolly 
Title: The Role of Networking in the New Political Economy of Regional Development 
Abstract:
  During the last 25 years there have been some fundamental changes to the
 international political economy. The decline of Fordism, globalization and
 technical innovations have altered the ways in which firms operate and
 interact with each other and other economic agents. Corporate strategy and
 organization and public policy have all been affected. Of particular
 relevance has been the development of a new form of governance viz.
 networking. Although often seen as a new phenomenon, it has in fact a long
 history going all the way back to Marshall. What is new however, are
 attempts by development agencies to capture the advantages presented by
 these externalities as a deliberate objective of regional development
 policy. This paper examines the case of Wales in some detail and concludes
 that although such a policy does work with the grain of modern political
 economy, it is only really scratching the surface of the problem and in
 fact contains an inherent contradiction in terms of market behaviour. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 319-336 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666409 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666409 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:3:p:319-336




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maarten Hajer 
Author-X-Name-First: Maarten 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hajer 
Author-Name: Wil Zonneveld 
Author-X-Name-First: Wil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zonneveld 
Title: Spatial Planning in the Network Society-Rethinking the Principles of Planning in the Netherlands 
Abstract:
  The Dutch planning system rejoices a very positive reputation in the
 international academic planning literature. Yet both the conceptual
 orientation and the institutional practices of Dutch planning are eroded.
 New institutional practices have emerged that effectively form a 'shadow
 structure' to the official planning system, eroding both its effectiveness
 and legitimacy. The article suggests that this instititutional development
 is to be understood against the background of larger processes of social
 change to which the system has so far not responded: the coming 'network
 society'. In light of this analysis it is suggested that Dutch planning
 could enhance both its effectiveness and legitimacy by reconsidering some
 of the basic features of the planning system. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 337-355 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666411 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666411 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:3:p:337-355




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard H. Williams 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Williams 
Title: Constructing the European Spatial Development Perspective&#x2014;For Whom? 
Abstract:
  This article discusses the provenance and potential significance of the
 European Spatial Development Perspective (ESDP), considering questions of
 whose policy is it, who had an input into its preparation, who is the
 client and/or audience, and the significance of its preparation by the
 Committee on Spatial Development (CSD). The preparation phase from 1993,
 and the more public phase from the Noordwijk draft of 1997 to completion
 of the Potsdam text in 1999 are reviewed in order to consider whether the
 overall time-scale is reasonable and whether the transnational seminars
 can be regarded as a form of public participation. The paper goes on to
 discuss what follows after adoption, threats to its role in EU
 policy-making, and concludes that there are some benefits from the process
 of preparation by the CSD, and from the form of élite participation that
 took place, but that the ESDP must become a Commission policy if it is to
 play a significance role in achieving territorial and social cohesion at
 the EU level. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 357-365 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666410 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666410 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:3:p:357-365




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francesco Domenico Moccia 
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco Domenico 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moccia 
Title: Planning Time: An Emergent European Practice 
Abstract:
  In the 1960s, a reduction in the time spent at work promised an increase
 in leisure time. Architects and planners thought that the effects of this
 could lead to a new form of city. Nowadays, new changes in production,
 technology and gender relationships de-synchronize the time regime and
 have fundamentally changed life in cities. Tourism and globalization
 exchange across the world different cultures of time. In France, the UK,
 and other European countries time policy is dealing with the problems
 arising from these changes. This article presents a short overview of time
 planning in Italy in two main domains: time for care, and city time. It
 focuses on issues such as the social demand for new shops's and services'
 opening hours, or how the life cycles of individuals and populations are
 accommodated in urban spaces. Other problems, usually not thought of in
 terms of time concerns, such as rehabilitation of blighted areas, historic
 preservation and traffic flow control, may also be treated through a time
 approach. Two models of planning process are presented at the end of the
 paper. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 367-375 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666408 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666408 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:3:p:367-375




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Fritsch 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fritsch 
Title: Interregional Differences in R&D Activities&#x2014;An Empirical Investigation 
Abstract:
  In this contribution differences in the innovation activities of
 manufacturing enterprises in 11 European regions are analysed. A number of
 differences could be identified in the data even when controlling for the
 individual characteristics of the enterprises and their respective
 markets. These differences may, however, be primarily the result of
 factors at the national level and not of determinants that are region
 specific. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 409-427 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666416 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666416 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:4:p:409-427




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Javier Revilla Diez 
Author-X-Name-First: Javier Revilla 
Author-X-Name-Last: Diez 
Title: The Importance of Public Research Institutes in Innovative Networks-Empirical Results from the Metropolitan Innovation Systems Barcelona, Stockholm and Vienna 
Abstract:
  The recent discussion on economics and regional economics has
 increasingly stressed the importance of knowledge and information.
 Research institutes, in particular, are seen as crucial for assisting
 local firms in their innovation activities. The aim of this paper is to
 explore the real importance of research institutes supporting innovative
 activities in businesses. Based on the representative European Regional
 Innovation Survey the results show that the actual significance of
 research institutions in the support of firms' innovation processes is
 smaller than revealed in the concepts of the innovative networks,
 innovative milieu or learning region. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 451-463 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666418 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666418 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:4:p:451-463




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Knut Koschatzky 
Author-X-Name-First: Knut 
Author-X-Name-Last: Koschatzky 
Author-Name: Rolf Sternberg 
Author-X-Name-First: Rolf 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sternberg 
Title: R&D Cooperation in Innovation Systems&#x2014;Some Lessons from the European Regional Innovation Survey (ERIS) 
Abstract:
  Our paper summarizes some of the main results of the European Regional
 Innovation Survey (ERIS) as far as they are discussed in this special
 issue of European Planning Studies . The overall target of the ERIS
 project is a quantitative and qualitative assessment of determinants
 crucial for the innovation potential of any region, i.e. innovative and
 non-innovative manufacturing firms, business services and research
 institutions, as well as the innovative linkages and networks between
 these actors. Empirical research is based upon almost 8600 questionnaires
 collected in 11 European regions. Results confirm some of the common
 hypotheses on the relationship between space and innovation networks but
 others are contrary to existing scientific knowledge. Obviously the impact
 of national innovation systems on the innovation activities of
 manufacturing firms in a given European region is-at least-as strong as
 the impact of the respective regional innovation system. The spatial range
 of innovative linkages significantly depends on the size, the type of the
 cooperation partner, the R&D intensity and the industry of the analysed
 manufacturing firm. For example, the higher the technology intensity of
 the industry, the greater is the need of each firm to use intraregional
 knowledge via innovation linkages. It is therefore an important task in
 regional innovation policy to promote network-building among firms and
 other actors of a regional innovation system and to interlink these
 intraregional networks with national and international knowledge sources. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 487-501 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666415 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666415 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:4:p:487-501




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mikel G&#xF3;mez Uranga 
Author-X-Name-First: Mikel 
Author-X-Name-Last: G&#xF3;mez Uranga 
Author-Name: Goio Etxebarria 
Author-X-Name-First: Goio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Etxebarria 
Title: Panorama of the Basque Country and its Competence for Self-Government 
Abstract:
  The aim of this article is to present a panoramic view of the Basque
 Country's capacity and competence for self-government. We have analysed
 the historical process of industrialization, the effects of the industrial
 crisis and new possibilities for development of the area's own regional
 policy based on new institutions (Government and Provincial Councils) that
 emerged from administrative decentralization in Spain after 1980. In the
 following section, we analyse the scope of authority in EU regions. Some
 of the cultural and transport infrastructure projects backed by these
 Basque institutions are studied. These projects have had a considerable
 impact on the Bilbao Metropolitan Area. The changes observed in the nation
 state, specifically in Europe, show contradictory effects. However, they
 have reduced the State's sovereignty but at the same time have prompted
 the State to retain powers rather than transfer them to lower
 institutional levels. This clashes with the desire of some regions or
 historical nations to access greater shares of self-government, such as
 the case of the Basque Country. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 521-535 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666417 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666417 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:4:p:521-535




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Josep Roca Cladera 
Author-X-Name-First: Josep Roca 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cladera 
Author-Name: Malcolm C. Burns 
Author-X-Name-First: Malcolm C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Burns 
Title: The Liberalization of the Land Market in Spain: The 1998 Reform of Urban Planning Legislation 
Abstract:
  Against a general climate of liberalization, the Spanish Government has
 made a concerted effort to bring about a reduction in house prices. A
 legislative reform in April 1998 has sought to liberalize land and
 planning, through (a) refining the category of land previously excluded
 from development to enable residential development to take place, (b)
 allowing for greater flexibility of land uses and building controls, and
 (c) reducing administrative controls. This paper discusses the extent to
 which such reforms are likely to meet their anticipated objectives,
 resulting in beneficial effects in the land and housing markets, as well
 as the territorial impact of such reforms from a sustainability
 perspective. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 547-564 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666428 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666428 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:5:p:547-564




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Reiner Jaakson 
Author-X-Name-First: Reiner 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jaakson 
Title: Supra-national Spatial Planning of the Baltic Sea Region and Competing Narratives for Tourism 
Abstract:
  The paper discusses supra-national spatial planning between 11 countries
 in the Baltic Sea Region. The focus is on competing narratives for tourism
 development. Western models of planning introduced to the newly
 independent post-Soviet States is the underlying theme. The argument is
 that Western planning thought has become legitimized and is presented to
 the East as a culturally and socially superior model, based on the
 presumption that because the newly independent States are moving towards
 market economies, Western planning models are appropriate. The paper
 evaluates a specific Western initiated supra-national spatial planning
 programme for the Baltic Sea Region and evaluates its tourism component.
 Post-modern concepts such as globalization, deconstruction, and narratives
 are incorporated in the discussion. The conclusion presents planning
 lessons and recommendations. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 565-579 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666424 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666424 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:5:p:565-579




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J&#xF8;rgen Amdam 
Author-X-Name-First: J&#xF8;rgen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Amdam 
Title: Confidence Building in Local Planning and Development. Some Experience from Norway 
Abstract:
  Can local confidence building and cooperation strengthen local
 communities and have a positive influence on local development? This is
 the main question in this article. In the first part of the article the
 conditions for confidence building, mobilization, self-development and
 self-confidence in local planning are presented. A planning process called
 strategic and mobilizing planning which is built on these conditions is
 described. This planning or development process is drawn as an infinite
 spiral with an increasing 'radius'. As examples of such local confidence
 building and mobilization processes the cases of 'Nordvest Forum' and
 'Cooperation in Haram commune' are presented and discussed. Nordvest Forum
 is a collaborative activity owned by competing companies in the region,
 which have recognized that they have a common problem related to
 recruitment and training of leaders. This has lead to new activities and
 new cooperation especially related to management training and cooperation.
 The collaboration between private and public institutions in Haram is an
 example where common challenges for companies and community were
 recognized. This process started as a concrete activity regarding
 recruitment of skilled workers with participation from a few but
 nevertheless important persons in the private and public sectors. The
 learning and confidence developed as a result of this cooperation lead to
 new and broader activities concerning the future of the community with
 many more participants. In the conclusion some practical advice is given
 for community planning and confidence building, informed by the
 theoretical discussion and the empirical examples in the article. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 581-600 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666430 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666430 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:5:p:581-600




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Kirchner 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kirchner 
Title: The German-Owned Manufacturing Sector in the North-East of England 
Abstract:
  The north-east of England is one of the most successful regions in
 attracting foreign investment in the UK-Germany being the most important
 European investor. This article seeks to provide a detailed account of the
 underlying motives and linkage effects of German direct investment in the
 manufacturing sector in the north-east of England. The study of 19 of the
 29 German-owned manufacturing companies found that market-orientation was
 by far the most important pull-factor. The direct effects in terms of
 associated jobs and capital spending created a solid and persistent
 structure with six companies even expanding. However, to be more
 beneficial to the restructuring of the regional economy the existing
 linkages of the German-owned manufacturing sector have to be consolidated
 and additional networks built up. A separate discussion of the rise and
 fall of the Siemens semiconductor plant at Wallsend reveals the volatility
 of flagship investments and stresses the need for a regional industrial
 policy combining Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) with endogenous economic
 development. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 601-617 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666426 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666426 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:5:p:601-617




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Meir Gross 
Author-X-Name-First: Meir 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gross 
Title: Adapting Western Style Regional Planning to Russia: The University of Massachusetts&#x2010;Pskov Region Partnership 
Abstract:
  Reflecting on 5 years of experience in an ongoing partnership between the
 University of Massachusetts and the Pskov region in Russia, this paper
 analyses the process of introducing Western style planning in a provincial
 region in Russia at the post-Soviet era. After describing the region, the
 participants, and some changes undergoing in Russia, the key elements of
 the project, its accomplishments and some problems encountered are
 reported. The distinguishing characteristics of this project are its
 attempt at a unified approach that combines academic, consulting and
 public policy elements, and its success as a partnership in which
 Americans and Russians together attempt to find the best way to introduce
 Western style planning in a country moving from a centralized to a free
 market economy. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 619-630 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666427 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666427 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:5:p:619-630




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Michael Feldman 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Michael Feldman 
Author-Name: Magnus Klofsten 
Author-X-Name-First: Magnus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Klofsten 
Title: Medium-Sized Firms and the Limits to Growth: A Case Study in the Evolution of a Spin-Off Firm 
Abstract:
  This paper explores potential barriers to growth in key areas which can
 become increasingly problematic for some smaller to medium-sized firms
 (SMEs) as they grow and evolve from their early status as small scale
 spin-offs. These potential growth barriers can occur in: finance,
 competition from new firms or products and organizational integration of
 resources. Firms that fail to properly plan, manage and allocate resources
 will encounter difficulties in each area. Such firms are said to have poor
 'governance systems'. While not proposing a universal theory about small
 firm behaviour, we argue that firms can encounter the same problems
 associated with poor communication, bureaucracy and loss of
 entrepreneurial spirit that plague large firms. We also show that the
 routines used to promote growth based on collaboration can sometimes
 create problems for firms as they ignore new challenges. We elaborate
 various theories on the limits to growth by examining the case of IV, a
 university spin-off. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 631-650 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666429 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666429 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:5:p:631-650




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Tewdwr-Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tewdwr-Jones 
Author-Name: Kevin Bishop 
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bishop 
Author-Name: David Wilkinson 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilkinson 
Title: 'Euroscepticism', Political Agendas and Spatial Planning: British National and Regional Planning Policy in Uncertain Times 
Abstract:
  Over the last 10 years, European Union interest in planning has increased
 significantly. Although land use planning remains a function of each
 member state, the legal obligations imposed by the EU in the fields of
 environmental law, structural funds, the Common Agricultural Policy, and
 Trans-European Transport Networks, have all impacted upon the context of
 the operation of the British planning process. Many of the EU initiatives
 have had to be transposed into domestic legislation, while others form an
 important-if oft-times uncertain-framework for British policy-makers. This
 paper examines the relationship between the European Union's policies and
 initiatives as they have potentially impacted upon the British planning
 system and the contents of Britain's national and regional planning policy
 guidance to local planning authorities in the assessment period 1988-1997.
 But the Conservative governments adopted a 'Eurosceptic' approach to their
 relations with Europe and, as demonstrated within this paper, also towards
 spatial planning issues that caused uncertainty in practice. The research
 indicates that although the EU has impacted upon British planning,
 particularly at the local level of government, this has not been reflected
 at the national and regional levels in planning policy documentation,
 mainly because of the 'Eurosceptic' attitude of the government.
 Policy-makers at both the national and regional levels in England,
 Scotland and Wales are now recognizing the need, however, to keep apace
 with changes occurring simultaneously with regard to enhanced European
 integration, and the approach of the Blair government since 1997 has
 re-focused the relationship between the EU and UK over spatial planning. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 651-668 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666425 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666425 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:5:p:651-668




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tore Langmyhr 
Author-X-Name-First: Tore 
Author-X-Name-Last: Langmyhr 
Title: The Rhetorical Side of Transport Planning 
Abstract:
  A rhetorical approach to transport planning seemingly contradicts the
 traditional bias towards means-ends rationality and reliance on analytical
 techniques. However, this approach is useful for understanding transport
 planning in its present context. Two major causes are suggested for a
 possibly growing importance of rhetoric. One is the institutional setting
 of the transport planning authorities; the other is the changing
 conception of transport planning problems. Some archetypal rhetorical
 strategies are described, as well as a particular strategy aiming at the
 acceptance of road pricing. Acknowledging the rhetorical content of
 transport planning practice implies new challenges for transport planners.
 A normative framework based on communicative planning theory is outlined.
 The discussion draws upon case study material from transport planning in
 Trondheim, Norway. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 669-684 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666431 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666431 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:5:p:669-684




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Ache 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ache 
Title: Cities in Old Industrial Regions Between Local Innovative Milieu and Urban Governance&#x2014;Reflections on City Region Governance 
Abstract:
  Over the past few years, city regions have received a great deal of
 attention as important policy objects. Documents like Europe 2000 + and
 the German European Metropolitan Regions are cases in point. Academic
 debate has provided a number of paradigms which understand city regions as
 complex structures. The local innovative milieu and urban governance
 represent two of the more interesting examples of such paradigms. When
 applied to a region, evidence substantiating both paradigms can be found
 despite reality not simply following model assumptions. However, both help
 to get to grips with another layer of interpretation; that of the role of
 structure and agency in city regions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 693-709 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666434 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666434 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:6:p:693-709




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Petter N&#xC6;ss 
Author-X-Name-First: Petter 
Author-X-Name-Last: N&#xC6;ss 
Author-Name: Inger-Lise Saglie 
Author-X-Name-First: Inger-Lise 
Author-X-Name-Last: Saglie 
Title: Surviving Between the Trenches: Planning Research, Methodology and Theory of Science 
Abstract:
  Planning research-understood as research aiming to improve the body of
 knowledge on which spatial planning is based-includes issues rooted both
 in the social sciences, natural science and the humanities. Spatial
 planners need knowledge about the likely consequences of different
 alternatives of action, as well as understanding of the role of plans and
 planning processes in the development of society. This is reflected in the
 two-fold focus of planning research on both substantive and procedural
 issues. Whereas research on the role of plans and planning processes takes
 place mainly within a non-positivist social science paradigm, the research
 aiming to provide planners with the knowledge needed in order to make good
 plans is often situated in the battlefield between opposing positions
 within theory of science. Because planning research has both society and
 the physical as its subject of inquiry, a reflective opinion about the
 interaction between the physical environment and human actions is crucial.
 Traditionally, many spatial planners have conceived of this in a quite
 n&#xE4;ive way, assuming that human behaviour can to a high extent be
 shaped or controlled by manipulating the physical environment. During
 recent decades, this view has been sharply criticized by anti-positivist
 scholars, and some theorists point out the great uncertainty, close to
 impossibility, in predicting human actions, even at an aggregate scale.
 The latter position has dramatic implications to spatial planning, as it
 would then be impossible to assess whether a certain physical solution is
 likely to have positive or negative social and related environmental
 consequences, e.g. in terms of travelling distances and modal split. Our
 own position is that the physical environment, along with a number of
 individual and non-physical structural factors, influences human
 activities and quality of life. To some extent, this influence can be
 predicted at an aggregate scale, but not for a particular individual
 (except those actions rendered impossible by the laws of physics). How
 strong influence the physical environment exerts, is a question requiring
 empirical research in order to be answered. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 729-750 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666435 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666435 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:6:p:729-750




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Angela Hull 
Author-X-Name-First: Angela 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hull 
Title: Modernizing Democracy: Constructing a Radical Reform of the Planning System? 
Abstract:
  This paper evaluates the Labour Government's programme of modernizing
 local government and assesses the impact on the delivery of the town
 planning service. Four key elements of this strategy have been identified:
 a programme of democratic renewal, a new ethical framework, the promotion
 of best value in local service provision, and a revised local government
 finance system. The paper anticipates how these new ideas on sharpening
 the performance of local government will impact on the English planning
 system which is also coming to terms with the creation of two new regional
 agencies. New opportunities for democratic governance and alliance
 building are thus being generated. The paper argues that the accretion of
 rules over time and the conflicting demands on the planning system will
 act to circumvent the intentions of the present Government to reinvigorate
 citizen participation. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 767-782 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 8 
Year: 2000 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666433 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666433 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:8:y:2000:i:6:p:767-782




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Karen Hibbitt 
Author-X-Name-First: Karen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hibbitt 
Author-Name: Peris Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Peris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Author-Name: Richard Meegan 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Meegan 
Title: Tackling Social Exclusion: The Role of Social Capital in Urban Regeneration on Merseyside &#x2014; From Mistrust to Trust? 
Abstract:
  In recent years community involvement and increasingly social capital
 have become central themes in debates and policies surrounding urban
 regeneration. This paper attempts to contribute to these debates by
 reviewing the role of social capital in the context of a major
 regeneration initiative, namely the European Union-sponsored Objective One
 Programme, currently underway on Merseyside. The paper argues that it is
 important to show how social capital is formed through the 'scaling-up' of
 local associational relationships, networks and institutions, to wider
 power structures and relations. Trust amongst participants is central to
 this process. Two areas on Merseyside are used as case studies to
 illustrate the argument. The paper concludes that the active development
 of trust and the social relationships surrounding it needs to be central
 to the process of urban regeneration. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 141-161 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310124536 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310124536 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:2:p:141-161




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Lorenzen 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lorenzen 
Title: Localized Learning and Policy: Academic Advice on Enhancing Regional Competitiveness through Learning 
Abstract:
  The theoretical perspective of 'localized learning' has been accused of
 not only being 'fuzzy', but also of being incapable of providing policy
 prescriptions. This paper sets out to discover whether deducting policy
 advice from the localized learning literature does in fact pose a problem,
 and if so, to contribute to its solution. The first section of the paper
 reviews recent localized learning literature and finds its policy advice
 scarce indeed. The paper does not adopt the view, however, that the
 localized learning perspective per se is incapable of providing policy
 advice. On the contrary, the two following sections of the paper attempt a
 first step in this direction, as they deduct from the literature some
 general principles for formulating a localized learning policy, and point
 towards some policy means at hand for adhering to these principles.
 Central issues in need to be addressed when designing and implementing
 such a policy are also treated. It is concluded that while the localized
 learning perspective is still in an early stage, it is well suited to
 inspire a much-needed new policy agenda for regional development. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 163-185 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666462 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666462 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:2:p:163-185




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mary Caravelis 
Author-X-Name-First: Mary 
Author-X-Name-Last: Caravelis 
Author-Name: Russell Ivy 
Author-X-Name-First: Russell 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ivy 
Title: From Mining Community to Seasonal Visitor Destination: The Transformation of Sotiras, Thasos, Greece 
Abstract:
  The community of Sotiras on the Greek island of Thasos has experienced
 two distinctive periods of economic boom during the twentieth century
 separated by a long period of decline and abandonment. Early in this
 century, a mining economy flourished, while today the community functions
 as a haven for seasonal visitors. This paper compares the socio-economic
 and spatial impacts of both periods via personal interviews and
 examination of letters of long-time inhabitants of the village. These
 sources seem to imply that the current growth period is less welcome by
 the native Sotirans . 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 187-199 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666464 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666464 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:2:p:187-199




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lambert Van Der Laan 
Author-X-Name-First: Lambert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Der Laan 
Author-Name: Richard Schalke 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schalke 
Title: Reality versus Policy: The Delineation and Testing of Local Labour Market and Spatial Policy Areas 
Abstract:
  As part of the empirical planning science, this article integrates
 theory, empirical findings and policy. It first deals with the question
 how to reach a theoretically well-grounded and empirical applicable
 delineation of local labour market areas. An inductive classification
 method is selected based on the behaviour of individual commuters without
 selecting a priori central places. By this, new urban forms like
 polynodality are included. In using this method for the Netherlands, 31
 local labour market areas (LLAs) were distinguished. Moreover, the article
 elaborates some simple measures to test the optimality of LLA
 classifications. The 31 LLAs adequately reflect the 'reality' of actual
 functional labour market relationships. The article also investigates the
 matching between reality and the LLA classification as used in spatial
 policy. There is a large gap between reality and policy. This urges
 bringing the policy classification more in line with existing LLAs.
 Alternatively, if one considers the present policy classification as an
 instrument for future spatial structure, much additional effort will be
 required. The findings of the article can be easily applied to other
 European countries. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 201-221 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310123131 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310123131 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:2:p:201-221




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stuart M. Farthing 
Author-X-Name-First: Stuart M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Farthing 
Title: Local Land Use Plans and the Implementation of New Urban Development 
Abstract:
  This article, based on case studies of plan 'construction' in the 1980s
 for large scale residential development near Bristol, England and in
 Poitiers, France, argues that the form and content of these local land use
 plans were the product of the coordinative planning strategy adopted. This
 strategy embodied assumptions about implementation and established
 relationships between development interests and the plan 'constructors'
 during the process of plan preparation. These relationships in turn were a
 consequence of the contrasting powers and resources available to local
 government to ensure the implementation of local land use plans. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 223-242 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666465 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666465 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:2:p:223-242




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adam Barker 
Author-X-Name-First: Adam 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barker 
Author-Name: Christopher Wood 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wood 
Title: Environmental Assessment in the European Union: Perspectives, Past, Present and Strategic 
Abstract:
  Environmental assessment (EA) in the European Union (EU) is undergoing a
 period of significant transition. Following over 10 years of practice and
 development under Directive 85/337/EEC, the EU EA system is being
 subjected to legislative reform. In the light of this, this paper provides
 a critical examination of the past, present and future role of EA in the
 EU. After evaluating the legislative transposition and procedural
 effectiveness of the original provisions, the paper examines the extent to
 which recent amendments to the Directive and the proposed strategic
 environmental assessment (SEA) Directive will lead to improvement. The
 authors suggest that although the changes should overcome some of the
 procedural and practical problems experienced over the last 10 years, a
 more committed emphasis needs to be placed on fundamental areas of
 weakness. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 243-254 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666468 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666468 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:2:p:243-254




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David J. Brooksbank 
Author-X-Name-First: David J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brooksbank 
Author-Name: Nicholas C. Clifton 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas 
Author-X-Name-Last: C. Clifton 
Author-Name: Dylan Jones-Evans 
Author-X-Name-First: Dylan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones-Evans 
Author-Name: David G. Pickernell 
Author-X-Name-First: David G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pickernell 
Title: The End of the Beginning?: Welsh Regional Policy and Objective One 
Abstract:
  'West Wales and the Valleys' now qualify for EU Objective One status,
 entitled to draw down up to 1.3 billion in EU funds, matched from public
 and private sources between 2000 and 2006. However, there are many issues
 raised by the process of organizing the subsequent programme. There are
 questions over policy focus in the economically diverse Objective One
 areas, how governance of these policies will work, and the wider
 implications of Objective One in financial and political terms. There is
 also debate over previous regional policy initiatives in a Wales that for
 many years had access to a relatively large share of the UK's regional
 policy budget and EU funds, yet still faced falling GDP per head as a
 proportion of the UK average, west Wales and the Valleys' very Objective
 One status relying on GDP per capita under 75% of the EU average. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 255-274 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310125540 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310125540 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:2:p:255-274




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arne Isaksen 
Author-X-Name-First: Arne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Isaksen 
Author-Name: Svend Otto Rem&#xF8;e 
Author-X-Name-First: Svend Otto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rem&#xF8;e 
Title: New Approaches to Innovation Policy: Some Norwegian Examples 
Abstract:
  The paper describes and assesses three Norwegian innovation policy tools.
 The tools cover three different models of strengthening firms' innovation
 capability, i.e. direct financial support, broker and advisory systems and
 technology or knowledge centres. The tools include some new elements in
 innovation policy design, and thus, some elements of good practice.
 Guidelines for good practice includes an interactive perspective on
 innovation support, a focus on innovation systems, context sensitivity and
 a regional focus, learning in the support system and receiver-oriented and
 proactive working methods. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 285-302 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666481 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666481 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:3:p:285-302




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geraint Ellis 
Author-X-Name-First: Geraint 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ellis 
Title: The Difference Context Makes: Planning and Ethnic Minorities in Northern Ireland 
Abstract:
  The ways the British planning system fosters racial disadvantage and the
 initiatives taken by local authorities to address such bias have been
 subject to a number of studies over the last 17 years. This body of
 research has revealed isolated examples of progressive professional
 practice within a general pattern of inaction and ignorance. This paper
 looks at how the needs of ethnic minorities have been accommodated by the
 planning system in Northern Ireland that has a very different
 institutional and political context than other parts of the UK. The nature
 of 'race' relations in Northern Ireland is examined and the concept of
 'policy processes' is used to explain why ethnic minorities in the region
 face similar difficulties to those in Britain. The influence of the
 political and cultural context is shown to play a key role in framing the
 policy processes that shape patterns of discrimination. The paper suggests
 that a full understanding of this context is required if multiculturalism
 is to be fully accommodated by planning in Europe. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 339-358 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666480 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666480 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:3:p:339-358




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: K. Sapountzaki 
Author-X-Name-First: K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sapountzaki 
Author-Name: H. Karka 
Author-X-Name-First: H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Karka 
Title: The Element of Sustainability in the Greek Statutory Spatial Planning System: A Real Operational Concept or a Political Declaration? 
Abstract:
  This paper focuses on the response of the Greek statutory spatial
 planning system to the concept and principles of sustainability. The query
 to be answered is the following: Have the structure, institutions,
 processes and instruments of the planning system been affected by
 sustainability principles and in what way? Furthermore, are there any
 public policy results contributing to sustainable development and
 attributable to spatial planning? Methodological approach is based on
 cross-examination of a group of assumed sustainability criteria on the one
 side and recent changes/transformations in the key-factors of the spatial
 planning system (institutions, processes, instruments) on the otherside.
 The approach is complemented by reverse direction considerations: in cases
 of operational processes leading evidently up to sustainability the
 responsible policy sector is acknowledged and any factual connection to
 spatial planning is addressed. The main conclusion is that for the time
 being sustainability objectives in strategic and top-down spatial planning
 in Greece rather perform the function of a political manifesto and
 'legalize' traditional weaknesses than drive real development towards a
 sustainable course. The chances for operational success are expected slim
 in the near future and originate mostly from the European Union (EU)
 political and economic pressures, producing however fragmented,
 single-dimension (mainly environment conservation) results for which
 commitment of the involved societies has never been accomplished and
 confirmed. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 407-426 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120037649 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120037649 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:3:p:407-426




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: PAULINE M. MCGUIRK 
Author-X-Name-First: PAULINE M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: MCGUIRK 
Author-Name: ANDREW MACLARAN 
Author-X-Name-First: ANDREW 
Author-X-Name-Last: MACLARAN 
Title: Changing Approaches to Urban Planning in an &#x2018;Entrepreneurial City&#x2019;: The Case of Dublin 
Abstract:
  The paper reviews the manner in which urban planning in Dublin has
 changed in response to central government urban renewal initiatives and an
 increasing ethos of entrepreneurialism within the local authority of
 Dublin Corporation. The paper outlines the marginalization of local
 planning functions and the undermining of planning powers through the
 establishment of special purpose renewal agencies. Dublin Corporation
 planners have consequently sought refuge in integrated micro-area
 planning, marking a shift in philosophy regarding the appropriate role for
 planning in the context of entrepreneurial governance. The paper provides
 an empirical account of the relationship between changing approaches to
 urban renewal and the evolution of local planning practice, noting the
 challenges and opportunities for urban planning created by altered
 governance structures and approaches. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 437-457 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666489 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666489 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:4:p:437-457




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Teedon 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Teedon 
Title: Designing a Place Called Bankside: On Defining an Unknown Space in London 
Abstract:
  In the north part of Southwark in London the local authority has become
 increasingly keen to promote an unknown area, known as Bankside. The
 primary focus of this strategy has been on the clear definition of this
 area as part of central London. Much of this strategy has been based on
 the precise definition of this area using design-based and
 architecturally-focussed landmarking, notably facilitated by the decision
 of the Tate to establish its new Gallery of Modern Art in the area. This
 it is argued has produced a heavily commodified landscape for (high)
 cultural consumption. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 459-481 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666488 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666488 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:4:p:459-481




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Petter N&#xE6;ss 
Author-X-Name-First: Petter 
Author-X-Name-Last: N&#xE6;ss 
Title: Urban Planning and Sustainable Development 
Abstract:
  Following the discourse about sustainable development based on the
 Brundtland Commission's report and the processes in the UN Committee on
 Environment and Development, a sustainable urban development would require
 considerably more ambitious policies than today in order to limit energy
 consumption, reduce pollution and protect natural areas and arable land.
 Re-use of urban areas and more effective utilization of building sites is
 a possible strategy to this end. However, continuous growth in the
 building stock will make it increasingly difficult to bring urban
 development in wealthy countries within the frames of what is ecologically
 sustainable and equitable in a global perspective. Planning for a
 sustainable urban development must be oriented towards long-term goals and
 utilize knowledge about the environmental consequences of different
 solutions, but should not be based solely on means-ends rationality.
 Rather than aiming at consensus including all stakeholder groups, planning
 for sustainability should facilitate alliance-building among those
 population groups who can support the basic equity and environmental
 values of a sustainable development. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 503-524 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666490 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666490 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:4:p:503-524




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chang Woon Nam 
Author-X-Name-First: Chang 
Author-X-Name-Last: Woon Nam 
Author-Name: R&#xFC;diger Parsche 
Author-X-Name-First: R&#xFC;diger 
Author-X-Name-Last: Parsche 
Author-Name: Matthias Steinherr 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthias 
Author-X-Name-Last: Steinherr 
Title: The Principles of Parallel Development of Fiscal Capacity between State and Municipalities as Useful Benchmarks for the Determination of the Inter-governmental Grants in Germany 
Abstract:
  The conventional theoretical and empirical references related to the
 inter-governmental fiscal transfer system in Germany appear to heavily
 concentrate on the issues surrounding the measurement of local expenditure
 needs of a municipality and their coverage through the down-flow grants
 when the municipal tax revenue is insufficient to match the needs. This
 study introduces additional important research fields in this context.
 Firstly, it attempts to analyse the role of the development of tax revenue
 and fiscal power of the grant provider (the State) as well as the joint
 financial relationship between the State and (different types of rural and
 urban) municipalities in the determination of inter-governmental grants.
 Secondly, when the total volume of the State grants is determined, this
 study examines in the next step under the particular consideration of
 different tax capacities in varied categories of municipalities, how this
 amount should be horizontally distributed among these groups to achieve
 the equal growth of hypothetical per capita fiscal capacity. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 525-537 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310124603 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310124603 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:4:p:525-537




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew K. Copus 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Copus 
Title: From Core-periphery to Polycentric Development: Concepts of Spatial and Aspatial Peripherality 
Abstract:
  Technical changes in the field of transport, communication and
 information technology, together with long-term structural shifts will, in
 the new century, allow a degree of spatial reorganization of European
 economic activity. The validity of conventional (spatial) models of
 peripherality is increasingly questionable. They should be supplemented by
 more appropriate 'aspatial' concepts. Although many elements of these are
 already well understood, coherent models and operational indicators are
 required. These could provide a sound theoretical basis on which to
 further the European Spatial Development Perspective's polycentric
 development objective. They could also provide new opportunities for
 peripheral regions, and relief from 'overheating' at the core. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 539-552 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666491 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666491 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:4:p:539-552




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David A. Wolfe 
Author-X-Name-First: David A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wolfe 
Author-Name: Meric S. Gertler 
Author-X-Name-First: Meric S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gertler 
Title: Globalization and Economic Restructuring in Ontario: From Industrial Heartland to Learning Region? 
Abstract:
  Recent contributions suggest that the current period is characterized by
 a paradoxical consequence of globalization in which the ever greater
 integration of national and regional economies into the global one
 accentuates, rather than minimizes, the significance of the local context
 for innovative activities. This paper sketches out the implications of
 this argument by drawing on the case of Ontario, Canada's largest province
 and industrial heartland. The restructuring triggered by the broader
 processes of globalization was accentuated after 1990 by Ontario's deeper
 integration into the North American economy following the signing of the
 Free Trade Agreement with the US and its successor, the North American
 Free Trade Agreement. These changes forced a number of critical responses
 on both firms and the government of the province, as they face the
 challenge of becoming more innovative and adopting the characteristics of
 learning regions. This experience is highly relevant to regions elsewhere
 that are attempting to shift their traditional industrial base to a more
 knowledge-intensive economy. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 575-592 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310124479 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310124479 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Edward M. Bergman 
Author-X-Name-First: Edward M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bergman 
Author-Name: Edward J. Feser 
Author-X-Name-First: Edward 
Author-X-Name-Last: J. Feser 
Title: Innovation System Effects on Technological Adoption in a Regional Value Chain 
Abstract:
  This paper examines the technology adoption rates of a sample of
 enterprises that are nominally members of the transportation equipment
 value chain. We utilize the regional innovation system (RIS) concept to
 identify and test key regional and corporate influences on technology
 adoption. Using data collected from a detailed survey instrument, our
 analysis considers adoption rates during the very period in which
 production equipment technologies are known to have grown very suddenly,
 i.e. the fourth quarter of 1994. Our findings indicate that the most
 important RIS factors are related to worker training and information
 spillover effects between proximate firms. In the main, our findings are
 supportive of policies that work indirectly through the market structure
 of regional economies and a firm's value-chain, as opposed to directly
 through regional technology agencies. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 629-648 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310125096 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310125096 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:5:p:629-648




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andreas Faludi 
Author-X-Name-First: Andreas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Faludi 
Title: The Application of the European Spatial Development Perspective: Evidence from the North-West Metropolitan Area 
Abstract:
  As a strategic document, the European Spatial Development Perspective
 (ESDP) wants to be 'applied' rather than 'implemented'. Rather than giving
 shape to spatial development, application is the shaping of the minds of
 the actors in spatial development. The latter are not passive recipients
 of messages. They actively explore options, reinterpreting messages on the
 way. Conformance of outcomes to intentions cannot be assumed. Application
 is not a separate phase either. Application includes making new working
 arrangements and elaborating planning documents to make them fit emergent
 situations. Judging from the ESDP and from how its ideas are being
 pursued, its makers are well aware of this. Research into the application
 of the ESDP in the north-west metropolitan area (NWMA) Interreg IIc
 programme confirms this. So the ESDP may be anything but a paper tiger. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 663-675 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666496 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666496 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:5:p:663-675




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Markku Sotarauta 
Author-X-Name-First: Markku 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sotarauta 
Title: Network Management and Information Systems in Promotion of Urban Economic Development: Some Reflections from CityWeb of Tampere 
Abstract:
  Partnership relations have become more important in promotion of urban
 economic development. Efforts have been made to create such networks by
 which to strive for new markets or political arenas and so to extend the
 resource base of the urban region. The objective in the creation of
 networks is the most efficient mobilization possible of the know-how and
 resources in the urban region and external to it. These observations
 inevitably prompt the following questions: How can the quality of
 cooperative processes be improved and how can networks and various
 development projects be managed? It seems evident that information and its
 conscious management play a crucial role in seeking answers to these
 questions. Simultaneously such questions emerge as to how network
 management can respond to the increasing amount of information and the
 demands for rapid learning. How can the vast flood of information and
 knowledge in the networks be managed, how can essential features be
 extracted, i.e. how can a sustainable basis for perceptions be created?
 One possible answer, among others, to these questions is information
 systems utilizing modern information technology. This paper focuses on
 urban development networks and especially at how their efficiency can be
 promoted by network management and by modern information systems. The case
 described and tentatively analysed is the information system CityWeb of
 Tampere urban region, Finland. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 693-706 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666507 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666507 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:6:p:693-706




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Karel Maier 
Author-X-Name-First: Karel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maier 
Title: Citizen Participation in Planning: Climbing a Ladder? 
Abstract:
  Certain levels of public access in the process of the statutory land-use
 planning have been part of Czech planning legislation since the 1970s, but
 actual citizen participation has become an issue in practice only during
 the last decade. Currently citizens have a say but their involvement
 seldom exceeds mere opposition towards active involvement. Their attempts
 to be heard in the decision-making process is perceived as a nuisance by
 developers and some local governments as well. Except for the opponents of
 specific project proposals, most people feel that involvement in the
 planning process is futile, having little comprehension of how urban and
 regional planning may actually influence their lives, their property and
 their local environment. The paper analyses the effects of the pre-1989
 powerlessness on the recent changes in the planning process and it reviews
 the research and opinions of several scholars in this field. The formal
 planning process, which deals mostly with land use, is often felt to be
 too narrowly defined and too restrictive, with limited opportunities for
 citizen involvement. Strategic planning has been introduced by some
 municipalities in recent years as a less rigid, more flexible and
 potentially more participatory approach, but also here the trend that
 copied the accustomed patterns of statutory land-use planning prevailed in
 the end. Apart from the 'mainstream' planning, alternative, 'informal'
 planning has emerged, often supported from abroad and organized by
 non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Although still marginal, it has
 introduced active planning by citizens. The absence of legal definition
 and guidance in the case of non-statutory planning allowed greater
 diversity in the planning method itself. After several years of this
 experience, however, it has primarily proven just how diverse the concept
 of citizen participation might be. On the basis of the analysis of the
 current diversification of planning methods, an attempt is made to draw
 some conclusions concerning the evolving process of citizen empowerment
 and participation in Czech planning, as well as to indicate patterns of
 the changes of the involvement process in the current stage of
 transformation. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 707-719 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666506 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666506 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:6:p:707-719




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aidan While 
Author-X-Name-First: Aidan 
Author-X-Name-Last: While 
Author-Name: Graham Haughton 
Author-X-Name-First: Graham 
Author-X-Name-Last: Haughton 
Title: Globalization, State Restructuring and Innovation in European Water Management Systems: Reflections from England and Wales 
Abstract:
  Since the mid-1990s the notion of 'hollowing out' has been increasingly
 used within debates about the changing role of the nation-state in the
 management and regulation of public services. This paper is concerned with
 the impact of the various processes of hollowing out on innovation actions
 in the privatized water sector, particularly in terms of the changing
 drivers for innovation and the reconfiguration of public and private
 sector roles across Europe. In order to develop a more detailed case study
 of English water management, we draw on the Innovation Systems literature,
 regulation theory and globalization debates to locate a shift from a
 hierarchical and insular national system in England pre-privatization to a
 more complex and diffuse system after 1989. In common with some of the
 more sophisticated accounts of hollowing out we demonstrate that the role
 of the nation-state in shaping innovation decisions has not necessarily
 diminished, rather it has been reconfigured in response to various social,
 economic and environmental factors. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 721-737 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666505 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666505 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lisa De Propris 
Author-X-Name-First: Lisa 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Propris 
Title: Systemic Flexibility, Production Fragmentation and Cluster Governance 
Abstract:
  The recent process of production fragmentation and the rapid growth of
 firm clusters have been explained by the increasing need for output
 flexibility. Although the mainstream literature relates flexibility mostly
 to labour adjustments, this paper investigates sources of flexibility as
 being related to forms of inter-firm production. Two extreme cases are
 compared: industrial districts and monopsonistic clusters. The nature and
 the implications of production flexibility are discussed in both settings.
 It is argued that the governance structure of industrial districts affects
 the dynamics of inter-firm linkages, which in turn enables systemic
 flexibility to be achieved. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 739-753 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666511 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666511 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:6:p:739-753




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Enrico Gualini 
Author-X-Name-First: Enrico 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gualini 
Title: 'New Programming' and the Influence of Transnational Discourses in the Reform of Regional Policy in Italy 
Abstract:
  Recent developments in regional policy in Italy may be interpreted as
 outcomes of a mutual fertilization between two distinct policy discourses,
 concerning the reframing of regional programming in the framework of a
 reform of the State, and the promotion of local initiatives in a
 perspective of endogenous development. This paper presents a critical
 itinerary of the mutual evolution of these lines of discourse during the
 1990s. Their provisional merging in the framework of the strategy of 'new
 programming' adopted in connection with the reform of the Structural Funds
 and with the new community support framework (CSF) for the period
 2000-2006 is interpreted in light of the 'Europeanization' of Italian
 public policy and of the influence of its progressive embedding into
 transnational policy discourses. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 755-771 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666508 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666508 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:6:p:755-771




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bodo Kubartz 
Author-X-Name-First: Bodo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kubartz 
Author-Name: Petra Lutke 
Author-X-Name-First: Petra 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lutke 
Author-Name: Stefanie Roeder 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefanie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Roeder 
Title: Economics and Social Sciences: Complements, Competitors, Accomplices? 
Abstract:
  In November 2000 the 10th annual conference of the European Association
 for Evolutionary Political Economy (EAEPE) took place in Berlin. The
 meeting drew together 164 academics and researchers from America, Asia and
 Europe. The conference was organized with the title "Economics and Social
 Sciences: Complements, Competitors, Accomplices?". As well addressing its
 central theme, the conference was opened to different economic topics. In
 this paper, three participants present selected sessions and papers which
 are of interest for and related to spatial perspectives, that is
 'Technology', 'Economy, Society and Territory', 'The Firm', 'Culture and
 Technology', 'Economics and Social Sciences', 'Borrowing Ideas from the
 Social Sciences', 'Economic Methodology', 'Conceptual Frameworks' and, in
 addition to these sessions, Michael Storper's opening keynote address on
 'Economic Geography in the Internet Age'. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 773-779 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310123587 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310123587 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:6:p:773-779




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jim Berry 
Author-X-Name-First: Jim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Berry 
Author-Name: Louise Brown 
Author-X-Name-First: Louise 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown 
Author-Name: Stanley McGreal 
Author-X-Name-First: Stanley 
Author-X-Name-Last: McGreal 
Title: The Planning System in Northern Ireland Post-devolution 
Abstract:
  Devolution within the UK has produced new systems of governance within
 Scotland and Wales and restored to Northern Ireland local accountability
 following three decades of direct administration. The paper reviews the
 different status of Northern Ireland to provide both an understanding of
 the context in which planning has been set and the new structures that are
 taking shape. Particular focus is placed upon the ambitious mechanisms
 underlying the Agreement between the political parties in the province.
 The paper discusses how planning issues and responsibilities have moved
 from one highly centralized government department pre-devolution to
 effectively three new departments thereby providing a test not only of
 joined-up governance but of the ability of the new devolved structures to
 work effectively. Challenges posed by the different competencies are
 debated and emerging issues are discussed in terms of coherent planning at
 regional, subregional and local levels. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 781-791 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310123567 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310123567 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:6:p:781-791




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bj&#xF8;rn Asheim 
Author-X-Name-First: Bj&#xF8;rn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Asheim 
Author-Name: Eric Clark 
Author-X-Name-First: Eric 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clark 
Title: Creativity and Cost in Urban and Regional Development in the 'New Economy' 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 805-811 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120079779 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120079779 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:7:p:805-811




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Allen J. Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: Allen J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Title: Globalization and the Rise of City-regions 
Abstract:
  A world-wide mosaic of large city-regions seems to be over-riding (though
 is not effacing entirely) an earlier core-periphery system of spatial
 organization. The economic dynamics of these city-regions are analysed
 with particular emphasis on the ways in which they tend to generate
 increasing-returns effects and competitive advantages for local producers.
 The managerial tasks that these city-regions face raise many new issues
 about local economic development policy and institution building in the
 interests of social order. These issues lead on to further questions about
 democracy and citizenship in the global mosaic of city-regions as well as
 in the new world system as a whole. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 813-826 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120079788 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120079788 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:7:p:813-826




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Erik Swyngedouw 
Author-X-Name-First: Erik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Swyngedouw 
Author-Name: Guy Baeten 
Author-X-Name-First: Guy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Baeten 
Title: Scaling the City: The Political Economy of 'Glocal' Development - Brussels' Conundrum 
Abstract:
  In this contribution, the new position of the city in the urban political
 economy will be considered in the context of the shifting realities that
 characterize an increasingly hybridizing and cosmopolitan global
 (dis)order. We shall argue that globalization is paralleled by a
 restructuring of the city and with an increasing importance of the urban
 in a context of intensifying inter-urban competition. The success of
 cities is dependent on their local 'embeddedness' in institutional and
 other networks of power. Attention will be paid to the role of local
 elites and to the need to forge 'growth coalitions'. We shall conclude
 that the formation of an inclusive and cohesive growth coalition is a key
 condition for the future development of Brussels in a context of intense
 inter-urban competition. However, this poses a host of political problems.
 Not in the least, the fact the new 'glocal' elites often refuse to partake
 in local institutional or political networks. The commitment to place that
 invariably comes with a greater 'local' institutional embedding which may
 militate against their global strategies and aspirations. The key question
 for 'local' politics then becomes one of how to forge networks and
 linkages that force 'glocal' elites to become inserted actively in the
 regional armatures of governance. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 827-849 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120079797 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120079797 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:7:p:827-849




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anders Lund Hansen 
Author-X-Name-First: Anders 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lund Hansen 
Author-Name: Hans Thor Andersen 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans Thor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersen 
Author-Name: Eric Clark 
Author-X-Name-First: Eric 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clark 
Title: Creative Copenhagen: Globalization, Urban Governance and Social Change 
Abstract:
  The introduction of 'creativity' and the 'creative city' in imagineering
 Copenhagen and in strategies for developing its urban competitiveness is
 analysed from a perspective on relations between processes of
 globalization, developments in urban government/governance and social
 geographic change. This perspective problematizes what on the surface
 seems to be an unequivocally positive quality ('creative') and goal
 ('creativity'). We argue there is a need to recognize the social costs of
 developments that are glossed over by the creative city rhetoric,
 including diminished representative democracy, social and geographic
 polarization and considerable displacement of the marginalized. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 851-869 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120079805 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120079805 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:7:p:851-869




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arne Isaksen 
Author-X-Name-First: Arne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Isaksen 
Author-Name: Heidi Wiig Aslesen 
Author-X-Name-First: Heidi Wiig 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aslesen 
Title: Oslo: In What Way an Innovative City? 
Abstract:
  The article analyses to which extent and in what way the Oslo region may
 be considered as an innovative and dynamic city in the Norwegian context.
 Although the European Union Community Innovation Survey (CIS II) concludes
 that the Oslo region has the same share of innovative firms as the
 national average, other data sources convincingly demonstrate that Oslo is
 an innovative city in the Norwegian context, having for example
 comparatively many 'radically' innovative firms and a high rate of new
 firm formation. However, knowledge organizations in Oslo do not function
 as hubs in wider innovation systems to any large degree. The empirical
 results may most fruitfully be explained with reference to a 'bottom-up'
 theoretical approach, that considers specific local and regional
 resources, relations and routines as important sources of innovation. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 871-887 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120079814 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120079814 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:7:p:871-887




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Terje Wessel 
Author-X-Name-First: Terje 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wessel 
Title: Losing Control? Inequality and Social Divisions in Oslo 
Abstract:
  The debate on inequality and social divisions in Western cities has been
 dominated by three positions - the polarization thesis, the 'skills
 mismatch' thesis and a specific European approach emphasizing the
 significance of welfare state structures. These three positions are
 examined with data from Oslo, Norway. It is shown that although income
 inequality has increased, there is no consistent pattern of social
 divisions. The evidence provides support both for the polarization and the
 mismatch thesis, dependent on the unit of analysis and the group in
 question. It is difficult to spot influences of the welfare state in these
 data, and it is argued that rising inequality, contrary to service
 provision, poverty and segregation, approaches a 'closed process'.
 Increased earnings at the very top, however, may be explained in terms of
 social networks. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 889-906 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120079823 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120079823 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:7:p:889-906




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Angeles Diez 
Author-X-Name-First: Maria Angeles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Diez 
Title: The Evaluation of Regional Innovation and Cluster Policies: Towards a Participatory Approach 
Abstract:
  The objective of this article is to provide a reply to the following
 question: What is the most suitable way of tackling evaluation of new
 regional policies? Regional development has moved today to new arenas.
 Here, we are discussing learning communities and regions that are able to
 adapt themselves to the new competitive conditions. SMEs policies at the
 regional level have also changed. New regional policies devote much of
 their attention to networks of inter-firm and inter-institutional
 cooperation - clusters - and to regional innovation systems. As a
 consequence, evaluation methodologies are also changing looking for more
 creative ways of assessing the impact of these new policies. In our
 opinion, participatory evaluation seems to be more appropriate to the
 specific characteristics of new regional policies and more suitable for
 sorting out the problems posed by their evaluation. In addition, under
 this approach, evaluation can turn into a useful tool to mobilize
 communities for regional action , empower local agents and enhance
 learning capacity. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 907-923 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120079832 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120079832 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:7:p:907-923




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aspa Gospodini 
Author-X-Name-First: Aspa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gospodini 
Title: Urban Design, Urban Space Morphology, Urban Tourism: An Emerging New Paradigm Concerning Their Relationship 
Abstract:
  The paper concerns the relationships between the physical form of the
 urban environment and leisure activities. It examines how urban space
 morphology - i.e. spatial patterns and formal patterns - may have an
 impact on tourists' attraction and preferences in the contemporary
 cultural context of urban tourism. Can urban design and the physical form
 of space in themselves determine anything in urban tourism development? 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 925-934 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120079841 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120079841 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:7:p:925-934




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoff Whittam 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoff 
Author-X-Name-Last: Whittam 
Author-Name: Mike Danson 
Author-X-Name-First: Mike 
Author-X-Name-Last: Danson 
Title: Power and the Spirit of Clustering 
Abstract:
  This paper utilizes the Scotch Whisky industry to identify an issue which
 is absent from the current literature on sector specific clusters namely
 the concept of power. It is argued that in order to understand the nature
 of power relationships within a cluster it is necessary to adopt a radical
 Coasian framework. The paper utilizes a typical
 Structure-conduct-performance approach to analyse the Scotch Whisky
 industry and to highlight the problems that power relationships pose
 within a typical cluster. It is imperative that policy-makers are aware of
 the power relationships which exist in clusters if clustering strategies
 are to deliver the perceived potential. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 949-963 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120093287 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120093287 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:8:p:949-963




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Phil Raines 
Author-X-Name-First: Phil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Raines 
Author-Name: Ivan Turok 
Author-X-Name-First: Ivan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Turok 
Author-Name: Ross Brown 
Author-X-Name-First: Ross 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown 
Title: Growing Global: Foreign Direct Investment and the Internationalization of Local Suppliers in Scotland 
Abstract:
  The paper examines how the localization of multinationals can be linked
 to the globalization of local business networks, particularly whether
 domestic linkages with foreign subsidiaries can facilitate the
 internationalization of local suppliers. Detailed interviews were held
 with 16 suppliers and 8 foreign investors in both the Scottish oil-gas and
 electronics industries. The results highlight the importance to suppliers
 of 'piggy-backing' multinationals into new markets, but show its greater
 significance in the oil-gas industry. The paper concludes that
 piggy-backing is dependent on the strength and value of domestic links
 between suppliers and subsidiaries. Industry-specific factors determine
 the intensity of these linkages. The implications for such developments
 are being absorbed by planning and economic development policy-makers at
 regional and national levels, as supplier and investor development is
 increasingly being placed within a wider policy framework of cluster
 development. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 965-978 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120093296 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120093296 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lale Berk&#xF6;z 
Author-X-Name-First: Lale 
Author-X-Name-Last: Berk&#xF6;z 
Title: The Interregional Location of Foreign Investors in Turkey 
Abstract:
  There are several dynamic factors that contribute to the reinforcement of
 the commercial relationships of Turkey. That is to say not only the
 strategic regional importance of Turkey, placed on the axis extending from
 the Far East to the Mediterranean side, Middle East and Europe, but also
 the new opportunities arising from the continuously developing
 relationships with the Balkan countries and the newly-established Turkish
 Republics, since the beginning of the 1990s, have been strengthening
 Turkey's commercial contacts. Istanbul has the communication networks and
 infrastructure required to develop into a regional centre. The major
 investments made in the communication sector during the 1980s have acted
 to develop the telecommunications infrastructure, thus supporting
 Istanbul's development into a regional communications centre. Today
 Istanbul has one of the world's most developed telecommunications
 infrastructures and this has given the city advantages in terms of
 expanding into international markets. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 979-994 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120093304 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120093304 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:8:p:979-994




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gordon Dabinett 
Author-X-Name-First: Gordon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dabinett 
Author-Name: Tony Gore 
Author-X-Name-First: Tony 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gore 
Title: Institutional Influences on EU Funded Regional Technology Development in the UK: A Study of the Yorkshire and East London Regions in the 1990s 
Abstract:
  This paper seeks to place policy research undertaken in the Yorkshire and
 East London regions of the UK within the broader context of regional
 innovation system building. In particular, it attempts to draw out the
 releasing factors and conditions that shaped stakeholder relationships in
 these two EU Objective Two regions during the 1990s. This is undertaken
 with a view to drawing out conclusions about the extent of autonomy,
 institutional lock-in and compatibility within regional governance. The
 extent to which such EU stimulated influences are relevant to the practice
 of regional technological development is explored in areas which have
 experienced industrial restructuring. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 995-1010 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120093313 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120093313 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:8:p:995-1010




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Cabus 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cabus 
Title: The Meaning of Local in a Global Economy: The 'Region's Advocacy of Local Interests' as a Necessary Component of Current Global/Local Theories 
Abstract:
  Today's corporate strategy is resulting in the creation of a network
 enterprise. As geographic space is integrated in this strategy, it is not
 only the network enterprise that functions in a polycentric way, but also
 space. Therefore, a networked territory exists as another reality
 alongside the existing socio-political entities. In a global/local
 perspective, recent models of local economic development emphasize the
 role of the 'local' in local economic development. These theories stress
 the importance of socio-cultural environment, institutions and networking
 in local economic development. Without denying the importance of these
 characteristics, it is clear that even perfect 'local' conditions are not
 infallible localization forces. Just as globalization is not a kind of
 mystical force, neither are the forces of localization. To understand why
 there are winners and losers, localization forces must be regarded from
 the point of view of existing or absent common local interests and the
 local capacity to organize them. They are not mystical but they have very
 much to do with relationships of power not only within, but - resulting
 from the emergence of a networked territory - also outside the region.
 From this perspective the existence and the safeguarding of common local
 interests are not apparent. Local advocacy is therefore a necessity from
 the region's point of view. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1011-1029 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120093322 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120093322 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: George Georgiou 
Author-X-Name-First: George 
Author-X-Name-Last: Georgiou 
Title: The Budget of the European Union and its Contribution to Finance Programmes for Health and Consumer Protection 
Abstract:
  The objective of this paper is to shed light on the dynamic financial
 aspects of the European Union's (EU's) strategy towards financing the
 programmes for health and consumer protection. Also it presents the
 perspectives of the new community approach to public health, while it
 recognizes that although EU's efforts, member states remain responsible
 for the organization and delivery of health services and medical care.
 Therefore, community's actions simply complements national policies. The
 paper analyses also aspects of the budgetary data provided by the European
 Commission Concerning the allocation of funds in all the areas and
 activities of the EU's budget focusing the attention on EU health
 programmes. The paper underlines the need for an integrated, transparent
 and proactive public health at all levels in the EU while, it emphasizes
 the need to promote, in European and national level, a broad strategy on
 public health to meet the key responsibilities and new challenges. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1031-1038 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120093331 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120093331 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:8:p:1031-1038




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Garri Raagmaa 
Author-X-Name-First: Garri 
Author-X-Name-Last: Raagmaa 
Title: Public Leaders in Regional Economic Development 
Abstract:
  This paper focuses on the role of public leaders in regional economic
 development from a community-building point of view. According to the
 basic hypothesis, the role of leaders rises everywhere during periods of
 instability, but remains always relevant in economic peripheries. Inspired
 by the chaos theory, we argue that leaders have decisive roles during
 unstable periods or chaos in a society when a very small fluctuation may
 qualitatively change the direction of development. Our second point here
 is that leaders will always be in key positions on economic peripheries
 where a general lack of human resources and a thin institutional thickness
 exist. The theoretical discussion refers to Weber's Schmalenbach's
 'emotional community'/'Bund' concepts and Gumilev's theory of ethnogenesis
 and tries to plant these approaches within the present day framework. The
 empirical case study describes a perfect leadership and a successful
 community-building process in Emmaste Community, Estonia. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1039-1054 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 9 
Year: 2001 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120093340 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120093340 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:8:p:1039-1054




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Beer 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Beer 
Author-Name: Clive Forster 
Author-X-Name-First: Clive 
Author-X-Name-Last: Forster 
Title: Global Restructuring, the Welfare State and Urban Programmes: Federal Policies and Inequality within Australian Cities 
Abstract:
  This paper is a prelude to a theme issue in 2003 on Australasian city and
 regional problems and policies. It considers the impact of economic
 restructuring on the level of inequality and disadvantage within
 Australian cities. Evidence is presented that Australian cities have
 become more unequal over the past two decades and this greater level of
 inequality has found concrete expression within the built environment.
 These patterns of inequality are distinct to Australia. It is argued that
 the Australian Government's reliance on tightly targeted income support
 policies and market-based solutions to economic disadvantage has
 contributed greatly to the concentration of low income and vulnerable
 households within certain sections of Australian cities. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 7-25 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120099245 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120099245 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan Kr&#xE4;tke 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kr&#xE4;tke 
Title: Network Analysis of Production Clusters: The Potsdam/Babelsberg Film Industry as an Example 
Abstract:
  The cluster concept has assumed a prominent position in the institutional
 approaches which have been applied in economic geography in recent times.
 Although there are numerous analyses based on the cluster concept, no
 agreement has been reached to date on suitable methods for analysis and
 comparison of regional clusters. This paper presents a research design for
 the analysis of regional production clusters which employs the network
 analysis method to develop, in particular, the 'quality analysis' of
 clusters, using the film industry production cluster in Potsdam/Babelsberg
 (adjacent to the Berlin metropolis) as a practical example. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 27-54 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120099254 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120099254 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Garri Raagmaa 
Author-X-Name-First: Garri 
Author-X-Name-Last: Raagmaa 
Title: Regional Identity in Regional Development and Planning1 
Abstract:
  This paper analyses the regional identity and social capital formation
 process and components. Regional identity is the special kind of
 phenomenon, which forms throughout historical and territorial
 socialization. The great ambition of this paper is to interrelate Anssi
 Paasi (1986) and other cultural geographers' and sociologists' ideas with
 recent regional economic development and planning discussion and to
 enhance regional identity as a planning tool. The theoretical part
 describes components and the process of regional identity formation. We
 assume that regional identity correlates with people's volition in
 achieving common goals, raises their personal activity and influences due
 to that regional development and planning. The regional identity is
 crucial in securing public participation in planning. The empirical part
 of the paper is based on mass survey analysis. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 55-76 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120099263 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120099263 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Shaw 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shaw 
Title: The International Building Exhibition (IBA) Emscher Park, Germany: A Model for Sustainable Restructuring? 
Abstract:
  The International Building Exhibition (IBA), Emscher Park was a 10 year
 programme of the Land Northrhine-Westfalia, Germany, between 1989 and
 1999. It was designed to initiate restructuring in the part of the Ruhr
 region, the Emscher, which has been suffering the most from economic,
 environmental and social decline for many decades. One of the Exhibition's
 principle features was that restructuring should take an holistic view
 rather than simply trying to attract inward investment and jobs. As a
 result the programme was based around a huge 80 km long landscape park.
 This report aims to introduce and critically assess the IBA, in relation
 to the principles of sustainability with some thoughts for the future. It
 begins by outlining what sustainability means for the Ruhr and Emscher
 regions, moving on to describe the unique nature of the Exhibition. It
 then considers whether or not the initiative adheres to sustainability
 principles and discusses the successes and failures. The report ends with
 a brief look at what can be learned from the exhibition, both within the
 region and outside. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 77-97 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120099272 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120099272 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roar Amdam 
Author-X-Name-First: Roar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Amdam 
Title: Sectoral Versus Territorial Regional Planning and Development in Norway 
Abstract:
  New regional policies in Norway and many other countries try to empower
 their regions through creating a balance between central governing with
 emphasis on redistribution of activities and resources, and local
 mobilization with emphasis on self reliance, innovation and learning by
 doing. In Norway municipalities and counties have for a long period had
 this double function, but we now see that the vertical policy of
 implementing national welfare policy has grown and become dominant. As a
 consequence, the horizontal policy of social mobilization has been
 neglected, and has to some extent been taken over by inter-municipal and
 interregional organizations. Normally, these organizations are in practice
 organized as regional development agencies. They seem to be vulnerable
 political institutions that seek legitimacy from--and need acceptance and
 support from--both territorial and sectoral governments. The regional
 planning process is regarded as an important tool in their political
 institution building process. In this paper I want to explain how regional
 planning and institution building in Norway in practice have moved towards
 a two-parallel system. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 99-111 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120099281 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120099281 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Shutt 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shutt 
Author-Name: Adrian Colwell 
Author-X-Name-First: Adrian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colwell 
Author-Name: Stratis Koutsoukos 
Author-X-Name-First: Stratis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Koutsoukos 
Title: Structural Funds and Their Impact: Signed and Sealed, But Can We Deliver? 
Abstract:
  This paper seeks to examine some of the lessons from the past: in
 particular the 1994-1999 programming period of the EU Structural Funds. It
 then proposes to examine the current UK implementation of the Structural
 Fund programmes for 2000-2006 and raise some issues which currently emerge
 in terms of the UK government's new policy agenda affecting economic
 development. Thereafter the paper develops this analysis in order to raise
 some early issues in preparing for post-2006, which need to be considered
 in the post-devolution era in the UK. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 113-130 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120099290 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120099290 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:1:p:113-130




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ileana Hamburg 
Author-X-Name-First: Ileana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hamburg 
Author-Name: Dieter Rehfeld 
Author-X-Name-First: Dieter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rehfeld 
Title: Digital Experiments to Improve Knowledge Based Economic Development--Strengthening Local Nodes 
Abstract:
  Technical advances in digital communications facilitate new applications,
 which are required also by global changes and are based on an intensive
 use of knowledge. This paper presents such an application and refers to
 the improving knowledge-based services of German economic agencies that
 use intensively the Internet and the Web. The presented work is carried
 out within a German project supported by the Federal Ministry of Economy
 and Technology BMWT. A key role within the project is a digital experiment
 involving the development of required economic, social and technical
 competences for the agencies' staff by using web-based qualification
 processes and virtual learning communities. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 131-138 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120099308 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120099308 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Simmie 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Simmie 
Author-Name: Peter Wood 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wood 
Title: Innovation and Competitive Cities in the Global Economy: Introduction to the Special Issue 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 149-151 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120114454 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120114454 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:2:p:149-151




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Hassink 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hassink 
Title: Regional Innovation Support Systems: Recent Trends in Germany and East Asia 
Abstract:
  Since the beginning of the 1990s, one can observe a clear shift in the
 aims of regional policy in industrialized countries from reducing regional
 inequalities to developing endogenous small and medium-sized enterprises
 (SMEs) and innovation in regions through regional innovation support
 systems. Innovation support systems are defined as a group of actively
 cooperating organizations that support the innovativeness of SMEs. An
 innovation support system consists of all agencies found in three support
 stages, namely the provision of general information, technological advice
 and joint R&D projects, between firms (of which technology-following SMEs
 are the main group), higher education institutes (HEIs) and public
 research establishments (PREs). Agencies found in these stages try to help
 to solve innovation problems mainly of technology-following SMEs by either
 giving them advice themselves or by referring them to other agencies in a
 further stage of support. The agencies can be mainly supra-nationally,
 nationally or regionally initiated. This paper aims at comparing these
 regional innovation support systems in Germany and East Asia, that is
 Japan and South Korea, both concerning the instruments used, their impact
 on regional economic development, their level of organizational
 embeddedness in regions and the ability of regions to coordinate
 innovation support policies. The main conclusions of the paper are that
 there are similarities between the regional innovation support systems
 found in the countries when it comes to policy instruments, but that the
 countries differ concerning their level of regional embeddedness and the
 abilities of regions to coordinate innovation support policies. The paper
 also tentatively concludes that in countries where regions have the
 ability to coordinate policies into integrative innovation support
 systems, the impact on regional economic development tend to be larger
 than in countries where these abilities are lacking, that is where
 dirigiste and grassroots support systems prevail. One important
 explanation for the different coordinating abilities lies in the different
 political-administrative systems found in the studied countries
 (centralized in South Korea versus federal in Germany). Other factors
 explaining differences are: a time lag of development policies between
 countries, differences between the history of supporting SMEs in regions,
 supra-national support frameworks, the commitment of the political leaders
 in regions, collective trust and the size of countries. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 153-164 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120114463 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120114463 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:2:p:153-164




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David B. Audretsch 
Author-X-Name-First: David B. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Audretsch 
Title: The Innovative Advantage of US Cities 
Abstract:
  The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview and synthesis of the
 determinants of the innovative advantage of cities. The starting point of
 this analysis is the traditional model of the knowledge production
 function, which links knowledge inputs to innovative outputs. The role of
 knowledge spillovers in the context of regional innovation is analysed.
 How economic activity is spatially organized plays an important role in
 facilitating knowledge spillovers and provides a basis for generating the
 innovative advantage of cities. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 165-176 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120114472 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120114472 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:2:p:165-176




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roberta Capello 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Capello 
Title: Spatial and Sectoral Characteristics of Relational Capital in Innovation Activity 
Abstract:
  The paper presents prima facie evidence of the role of relational capital
 in innovation activities, and underlines the spatial and sectoral
 difference of the effects of relational capital on innovation processes.
 Relational cpaital is defined in this paper as the stock of relations that
 a firm can entertain with other firms, institutions, research centres,
 measured through the intensity of cooperation among local actors. The
 paper is structured in two parts. In the first part, a review on the
 literature is presented, and the similarities and differences between the
 concept of relational capital and the more common concept of knowledge
 spillovers is underlined. In the second part, the empirical results of the
 analysis are presented; the empirical analysis is based on a database of
 133 firms' observations, located in different geographical areas. With a
 quantitative approach, the paper replies to the following key questions:
 Is relational capital a determinant for innovation activities? If it is
 so, does it have the same role in urban and non-urban areas? Does it have
 a different role in specialized and despecialized areas? The empirical
 results to these questions help in understanding whether it is true that
 competitive city regions in the global economy are the major locations for
 relatively exclusive knowledge and learning resources. The paper shows
 that if relational capital plays a role in innovation activities, it may
 very well be that its role strongly depends on the sectoral as well as the
 spatial characteristics in which the innovation process takes place.
 Non-urban areas characterized by strong local synergies and highly
 specialized activities may even be more facilitated in their inovation
 activity. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 177-200 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120114481 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120114481 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:2:p:177-200




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Simmie 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Simmie 
Title: Trading Places: Competitive Cities in the Global Economy 
Abstract:
  This paper reports the findings of an ESRC funded study of innovation in
 five European cities. It is argued that the contemporary emphasis on local
 production clusters as the basis of economic growth provides only a
 limited explanation, in certain types of cities, of what drives growth.
 The argument developed here is that export base theory should be revisited
 as a more likely explanation of virtuous circles of growth. The evidence
 presented suggests that such circles are composed of innovation and trade
 in the context of the types of externalities found in core metropolitan
 international gateway cities. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 201-214 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120114490 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120114490 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:2:p:201-214




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simone Strambach 
Author-X-Name-First: Simone 
Author-X-Name-Last: Strambach 
Title: Change in the Innovation Process: New Knowledge Production and Competitive Cities--The Case of Stuttgart 
Abstract:
  The global integration of economic activities is bringing with it major
 changes in innovation processes. New kinds of innovation, such as service
 and organizational innovations, became increasingly important in the
 1990s. The shift to new forms of knowledge creation reflects the emerging
 knowledge based economy. This has effects on the existing comparative
 advantages of metropolitan innovation systems and is a major challenge to
 the ability of cities to adjust, especially those in mature industrial
 sectors whose competitiveness is based on innovations in industrial
 technology and scientific and technological knowledge production.
 Stuttgart is one of these cities. Much of the comparative innovative
 strength of the Stuttgart region derives from the generation of synergy
 effects of its technological and institutional development paths. The high
 levels of industrial exports and the competitiveness of the global players
 in the Stuttgart region indicates how advantageous the technology based
 knowledge production and diffusion in the region has been for the
 innovativeness of the core industrial branches. The crisis at the start of
 the 1990s showed that the economic success of particular firms does not
 mean that the metropolitan region as a whole is innovative and
 competitive. The institutional structures used to establish and maintain
 the comparative innovative advantages of the industrial sector have
 hindered adjustment to new forms of knowledge production and diffusion.
 The paper examines the adjustment processes in the Stuttgart region which
 are changing the organization of innovation and learning in a way that
 makes it receptive to new forms of knowledge production and diffusion. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 215-231 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120114508 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120114508 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:2:p:215-231




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Cooke 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke 
Author-Name: Clare Davies 
Author-X-Name-First: Clare 
Author-X-Name-Last: Davies 
Author-Name: Rob Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: Rob 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Title: Innovation Advantages of Cities: From Knowledge to Equity in Five Basic Steps 
Abstract:
  This paper explores the reasons why cities are often major centres of
 innovation, even in some less favoured regions and countries. It starts
 with an anatomization of the dominant factors that explain why key less
 favoured settings developed 'new economy' clusters through institutional
 interaction with Silicon Valley. The analysis concludes that public
 research resources and private commercialization funding are central,
 supported by a wide array of private but few public innovation support
 services. It then examines a number of cases from cities in less favoured
 regions and countries where innovation has occurred. The conclusions are
 that the research-venture capital model is present and explains innovation
 in each case. However, in some cases public venture capital has to
 substitute for private due to market failure, or a phenomenon termed
 'Silicon Valley Offshore' has been induced. Cities are innovative where
 they concentrate the desired scientific and investment knowledge
 capabilities. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 233-250 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120114517 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120114517 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:2:p:233-250




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rolf Sternberg 
Author-X-Name-First: Rolf 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sternberg 
Author-Name: Mark Krymalowski 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Krymalowski 
Title: Internet Domains and the Innovativeness of Cities/Regions--Evidence from Germany and Munich 
Abstract:
  This paper focuses on the factors determining a region's ability to
 produce Internet content and tries to identify relationships with the role
 of the same region in the national and global economy. The number of
 .de-domains is used to measure Internet content production, which serves
 as an indicator for the innovativeness of the regions in an emerging part
 of the service economy. Data used for the spatial distribution of
 .de-domains (1.2 million names at the end of 1999) is original and has not
 been published before. In the first part of the paper the development of
 the number of Internet domain names in German regions is described and
 independent variables to explain the spatial structure are analysed.
 Results show that those variables that are associated with potentials to
 create and commercialize new knowledge are especially suited to explain
 the regions' relative frequencies in domain name counts. However, no
 single hypothesis alone is able to explain the spatial structure of
 .de-domains, rather a mixture of factors indicating external economies,
 creation of knowledge and highly qualified labour is best. The knowledge
 and attitude of these individuals is crucial for the adaptation and
 diffusion of an innovation like the Internet. Thus, the Internet does not
 create new regions but it replicates, at least in Germany, the well-known
 ranking of regions in terms of high-tech. Concerning high-tech industries
 and knowledge-intensive services, Munich has stood at the top of German
 regions for about 15 years; this region will be analysed in the second
 part of the paper. Munich's national and global competitiveness depends
 mainly, as for other regions, on the innovativeness of its firms, research
 institutions, and people. The capability of Internet domain names as an
 indicator for regional innovativeness is the better the younger this
 innovation is. Despite the rather decentralized spatial structure of
 Germany (see the very low primacy index), compared, e.g. with the UK and
 France, Munich stands out in terms of the number of domain names. Munich's
 role in the national and global economy is supported by the early adoption
 of the Internet by the local firms and private users - and vice versa! If
 one considers the Internet as a basic innovation in the sense of
 Schumpeter's long wave approach then new combinations of resources in new
 or old regions can lead to strong national growth, but attended by
 increasing disparities between regions within the respective nation. We
 may distinguish two driving forces: the Internet as the basic innovation
 and the export of the respective content production to other parts of the
 global economy. Munich serves as a proof for the hypothesis that regions
 with a large potential of Internet production are also able to export
 these contents into other parts of the world. Zook's work on regional
 economic impacts of the Internet on US regions shows that regions with
 above-average Internet content production and marketing activities do
 profit significantly from the multiplicator and spin-off-effects of the
 related exports. Thus, although information can be distributed by the
 Internet in very short time to all places in the world, it nevertheless
 produces uneven economic landscapes (and in part manifest the old
 landscape) that sees the regions with strong Internet content production
 in a much better position than regions where the Internet consumption
 prevails, although this still has to be analysed for German regions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 251-273 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310120114526 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310120114526 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:2:p:251-273




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Naomi Carmon 
Author-X-Name-First: Naomi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carmon 
Title: User-controlled Housing: Desirability and Feasibility 
Abstract:
  User-controlled housing is defined as a process in which the
 residents&#x2014;not only professionals and developers&#x2014;make
 significant decisions regarding the design and the construction or
 renovation of their homes. This paper argues that it is relevant to and
 should be commonly used in formal systems of housing in the developed
 countries. It draws support for its arguments from empirical evidence,
 primarily from Israel and the Netherlands. Much of the evidence is related
 to housing upgrading by moderate-income and middle-income households,
 which was found to be highly desirable from individual and public points
 of view. The paper recommends to decision-makers and planners to
 facilitate user-controlled housing and to make it an ordinary part of
 developing new neighbourhoods and renovating old ones. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 285-303 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310220121040 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310220121040 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:3:p:285-303




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roelof Verhage 
Author-X-Name-First: Roelof 
Author-X-Name-Last: Verhage 
Title: Induced Cooperation in Housing Development: Comparing Housing Schemes in Four European Countries 
Abstract:
  In the development process of housing at a local level, several actors
 are involved. As a result, there is a need for coordination between the
 actors. The market can take care of this coordination. However, housing is
 generally considered to be, at least partly, the responsibility of the
 public sector. Leaving the development entirely to market forces is not an
 option for several reasons. But the other extreme, in which the public
 sector is entirely responsible for housing development is not considered a
 feasible option either. This paper investigates, using four case studies
 of housing development processes in different countries, what the role of
 the public sector, represented by the local planning authority, in such
 processes is, and how this can be put into effect. To that aim, the notion
 of 'induced cooperation' is introduced, as an approach for the local
 planning authority to pursue its housing and land use policy aims in an
 environment of mutual dependency. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 305-320 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310220121059 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310220121059 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:3:p:305-320




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aron Gooblar 
Author-X-Name-First: Aron 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gooblar 
Title: Outside the Walls: Urban Gated Communities and their Regulation within the British Planning System 
Abstract:
  Gated communities are residential developments where access is restricted
 and public spaces are privatized. They have potential impacts on their
 surrounding neighbourhoods such as threatening safety, restricting access,
 and perpetuating social inequality. Although there is an academic and
 public policy debate in the US, there has been little attention focused on
 gated communities in Britain. This article looks at how the British
 planning system deals with this issue by comparing development control of
 gated communities in two boroughs of London. The conclusion is that the
 planning system does not adequately consider the impacts of gated
 communities and specific policies are needed. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 321-334 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310220121068 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310220121068 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:3:p:321-334




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elisabete A. Silva 
Author-X-Name-First: Elisabete A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Silva 
Title: Indecision Factors when Planning for Land Use Change 
Abstract:
  The 'Law of Anticipated Reactions' and its two extensions are applied to
 the Portuguese planning context in the decision-making process of choosing
 where to locate a major airport. My argument contends the fact that
 uncertainty, associated with indecision, in locating major infrastructure
 hubs constrains individual actions according to governments' perceived
 powers (uncertainty of preferences and uncertainty of sanctions). The
 relevance of knowing how to cope with these indecision factors in the
 location of major transportation hubs is important to establish ' a priori
 ' actions that can forecast urban problems and timely implement
 appropriate planning strategies. The two Portuguese municipalities most
 often mentioned as the most probable locations for the airport are used as
 case studies to analyse and discuss how indecision factors have been
 affecting land use change. The data sources used for the two
 municipalities are land use change, census information and number of
 development requirements. The data is contrasted with urban and regional
 plans to verify if indeed indecision associated with the location of this
 major airport was an important factor in speeding up land consumption in
 both areas. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 335-358 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310220121077 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310220121077 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:3:p:335-358




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Allmendinger 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Allmendinger 
Title: Prospects for a Distinctly Scottish Planning in a Post-sovereign Age 
Abstract:
  Debates on the sovereignty of the State and the role of (sub-national)
 regions have moved on quickly in recent years spurred on by interest in
 the implications of globalization and (more recently) devolution.
 Reductionist perspectives on the 'death of State sovereignty' have given
 way to more balanced understandings that emphasize bottom-up and top-down
 influences upon State restructuring. Yet the impacts of a changing
 sovereignty upon policy areas are still largely unknown. This paper seeks
 to add to these debates and cast some light on potential influences upon
 and autonomy of the Scottish Parliament vis-&#xE0;-vis land use planning.
 The paper argues that despite expectations of policy divergence from
 academics and practitioners the Scottish Parliament has taken a modest
 approach to land use planning which mirrors that in the rest of the UK.
 Yet, the reasons for this are only partly explained by the 'death of the
 State' theses. Significantly, there is evidence of an expectation of
 reduced sovereignty which has had an impact upon the anticipation of
 change. In addition, party political loyalty, ideology, the mechanics of
 the devolution settlement and the fragmented nature of sovereignty have
 driven the agenda for planning under the Scottish Parliament all of which
 point towards a further convergence. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 359-381 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310220121086 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310220121086 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:3:p:359-381




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Beatriz Plaza 
Author-X-Name-First: Beatriz 
Author-X-Name-Last: Plaza 
Title: A Note on "Panorama of the Basque Country and its Competence for Self-government": Terrorism and the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao Effect 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 383-389 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310220121095 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310220121095 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:3:p:383-389




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Goio Etxebarria 
Author-X-Name-First: Goio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Etxebarria 
Author-Name: Mikel G&#xF3;mez Uranga 
Author-X-Name-First: Mikel G&#xF3;mez 
Author-X-Name-Last: Uranga 
Title: The Impact of Conflict on a Country's Economy: An Obligatory Response to Beatriz Plaza 
Abstract:
  This paper is a response to Beatriz Plaza's reply to an article we wrote
 for European Planning Studies, 8(4) (2000). We argued that a society in
 which a wide range of agents and institutions exhibits a well-developed
 set of values (confidence, cooperation, solidarity, etc.) is likely to be
 more socio-economically efficient. We will demonstrate that our critic's
 reply makes absolutely no reference whatsoever to our article's central
 theses. Moreover, the reply completely ignores the temporal context of our
 article. We disagree with the manner in which our critic has presented the
 data to 'demonstrate' the negative impact of terrorism, something that is
 very obvious. The real effect of violence and terrorism on a society
 transcends what is reflected in data that are frequently incomplete and
 lacking in context. Empirical social analyses increasingly attempt to use
 more personalized, qualitative surveys, instead of econometric models that
 are not capable of explaining a richer social reality. Analysis of the
 trends in and evolution of tourism could also help explain phenomena that
 extend beyond the strict scope of the Basque economy. Knowledge of the
 tourist sector and the capacity for sound analysis are prerequisites for
 anyone claiming to do a serious study or critique on the topic. Given the
 points cited above, we believe that our critic's reply to our article is
 incomplete, lacking in context, useless, unnecessary, incoherent, and
 demagogic. We thus still believe each and every one of the arguments in
 our article to be valid, and do not see how our critic has in any way
 called them into question. We believe that our critic is completely off
 the mark in criticizing us so harshly and so unfoundedly. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 391-396 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310220121103 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310220121103 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:3:p:391-396




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gert-Jan Hospers 
Author-X-Name-First: Gert-Jan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hospers 
Title: Industrial Heritage Tourism and Regional Restructuring in the European Union 
Abstract:
  This paper explores the current trend among traditional industrial
 regions in Europe to launch initiatives in the field of 'industrial
 heritage tourism'. Increasingly, restoring and exploiting former
 industrial sites for touristic purposes is regarded as a useful strategy
 for regional renewal. After having discussed its background and
 categories, we argue that, theoretically, industrial heritage tourism
 could be an interesting 'new combination' for industrial areas in the
 European service economy. In practice, however, its effects for regional
 restructuring might be limited. Therefore, we suggest to re-use Europe's
 industrial heritage also for other economic activities than only tourism. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 397-404 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310220121112 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310220121112 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:3:p:397-404




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vedia Dokmeci 
Author-X-Name-First: Vedia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dokmeci 
Title: Spatial Analysis of Physicians' Offices with Respect to Population and Hospital Beds in Istanbul 
Abstract:
  Maldistribution of medical staff is a subject of criticism in many
 developing countries. This paper investigates the spatial distribution of
 physicians' offices with respect to population and hospital beds in
 Istanbul. The spatial distribution of physicians' offices is investigated
 with respect to socio-economic and locational characteristics of the
 districts. The results show that only a few districts benefit from an
 amazing growth in the concentration of physicians' offices while the
 periphery of the city, where mostly low-income people live, has a lower
 physician/population ratio than the metropolitan average. In addition, the
 spatial distribution of physicians offices with respect to population and
 hospital beds is investigated by the use of regression analysis within
 time. According to the results, while there was some relationship between
 the physicians' offices and the hospital beds in the 1980s, there was no
 relationship with population or hospital bed distribution in the 1990s.
 Increasing the number of factors which affect the distribution of
 physicians and testing the model in other metropolitan areas in order to
 obtain more general results are suggested for further research. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 405-412 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310220121121 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310220121121 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:3:p:405-412




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marco Bellandi 
Author-X-Name-First: Marco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bellandi 
Title: Italian Industrial Districts: An Industrial Economics Interpretation 
Abstract:
  The Italian debate on industrial districts suggests that local
 development can be based on small and medium-sized firms, provided they
 work in teams and are embedded in a local system of social relations. If
 the availability of local public goods complements the private supply of
 local specialized services and goods, Marshallian external economies are
 engendered. When inner social and economic relations boost the supply of
 local public goods, and are reproduced by the consistent economic
 behaviour of local (economic and political) agents, they become local
 factors of economic development, or, in other words, the district's social
 capital. These propositions are considered within a three-layered
 framework comprising structure, conduct and performance. The relations
 among these levels allow joint consideration of three different processes
 of economic selection: competitive, strategic, evolutionary. This
 complexity is necessary if the conditions that foster significant
 Marshallian external economies are to be represented correctly. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 425-437 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310220130158 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310220130158 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:4:p:425-437




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fabio Sforzi 
Author-X-Name-First: Fabio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sforzi 
Title: The Industrial District and the 'New' Italian Economic Geography 
Abstract:
  The industrial district is one of the theoretical concepts by which
 Italian economic geography has redefined a large part of its scientific
 and methodological status. The successful of industrial district is linked
 to the explanation of the Italian model of light industrialization, that
 is to the role played by small firms in Italian manufacturing industry.
 Nevertheless, it is worthwhile to know that industrial district was
 introduced as a theoretical paradigm to stress the territoriality of the
 production process and the gain of productiveness and innovativeness for
 the firm which sources from the embedding of economic activity within the
 local society where the production takes place. Support for this approach
 is found in the Marshallian external economies. This article addresses the
 importance of industrial district from the point of view of this
 neo-Marshallian reading of the organization of production. This framework
 of reference provides the basis for the formulation and implementation of
 local policies which recast traditional economic, social and
 infrastructural ones as specialist policies aimed at the creation of the
 institutional and environmental conditions for the competitiveness of
 places. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 439-447 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310220130167 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310220130167 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:4:p:439-447




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gabi Dei Ottati 
Author-X-Name-First: Gabi Dei 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ottati 
Title: Social Concertation and Local Development: The Case of Industrial Districts 
Abstract:
  It is often believed that industrial districts result from an entirely
 spontaneous process of economic development. On the basis of in-depth
 study of several Italian industrial districts, in this paper it is argued
 that the competitiveness and the dynamism of industrial districts' firms
 are dependent from social integration. Social integration, however, is
 usually the result of a conscious co-ordination among the local
 institutions: i.e. the 'high road' to competitiveness is not the outcome
 of market mechanism, but of a combination of market and concerted
 collective action among the representatives of the principal district
 categories and the local establishment. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 449-466 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310220130176 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310220130176 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:4:p:449-466




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gianfranco Viesti 
Author-X-Name-First: Gianfranco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Viesti 
Title: Economic Policies and Local Development: Some Reflections 
Abstract:
  Every national system is also a sum of all its regional economies. Then,
 there are economically differentiated regions within nations. If the
 foregoing is true, a crucial problem for economic policy is determining
 which policies should be pursued at the national level (national
 policies), and on what grounds, and which should instead be developed at
 the local, regional level (local policies). What policies influence the
 development and competitiveness of regional economies? This article tries
 to discuss these issues.The first causal relation to examine is that
 between national economic policies and the competitiveness of a country's
 regions. The picture grows even more complex if we consider that there are
 national policies which have explicitly geographical objectives. Then, why
 not count on national policies, even locally differentiated ones? Having
 answered this question this paper addresses the opposite issue: why should
 we not view the entirety, or at least the largest part, of national
 economic policy--and development policies in particular--as simply the sum
 of local economic policies? How can one distinguish between the local
 effects of national economic policies and those of local development
 policies? A further problem is providing a satisfactory definition of
 regions (i.e. the areas in which policies are to be implemented) and of
 their boundaries. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 467-481 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310220130185 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310220130185 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:4:p:467-481




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giacomo Becattini 
Author-X-Name-First: Giacomo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Becattini 
Title: Industrial Sectors and Industrial Districts: Tools for Industrial Analysis 
Abstract:
  The article begins by showing that the traditional concept of industrial
 sector has been radically criticized on both theoretical and empirical
 grounds. The reasons for the concept's inadequacy are raised, and they are
 identified as: (i) the fact that in a rapidly changing world empirical
 classifications must be changed; (ii) the fact that when scholars seek to
 classify reality they must take account of the classifications of that
 reality made by the actors concerned. Given the diverse importance for
 different productions of technology and social context, of tacit and
 codified knowledge, the article sets out some practical rules, exemplified
 by the Italian footwear industry, for empirical research. It then proposes
 to dynamize analysis of the Marshallian industrial district, first
 conceptually in its elementary processes, and then with a view to
 empirical study of the convergence of these processes on the district form
 and the reasons for reviving the district analysis originally formulated
 in the 1960s and 1970s. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 483-493 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310220130194 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310220130194 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:4:p:483-493




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Evans 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Evans 
Title: The Merseyside Objective One Programme: Exemplar of Coherent City-regional Planning and Governance or Cautionary Tale? 
Abstract:
  This paper demonstrates how the Merseyside Objective One (MO1) programme
 provided a platform for sub-regional partners to develop a consensus about
 strategic economic development priorities and resulted in innovations and
 collective learning particularly in terms of community economic
 development and closer engagement of Higher Educational Institutions and
 the private sector. However, such gains were partially offset by
 over-complex management arrangements, blurred accountability, competition
 for resources and match funding problems. Devolution of responsibility for
 programme content and implementation under the new Structural Fund
 regulations should allow partners to address many of these shortcomings in
 the second MO1 programme. Tighter financial controls may, however, reduce
 room for manoeuvre and discourage experimentation. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 495-517 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310220130202 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310220130202 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:4:p:495-517




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arturo Revilla Bonnin 
Author-X-Name-First: Arturo Revilla 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonnin 
Title: The Fashion Industry in Galicia: Understanding the 'Zara' Phenomenon 
Abstract:
  Galicia is traditionally one of the weaker regional economies in Spain.
 However it is home to one of the most successful global marketing
 phenomena of the age. Zara, the mid-market fashion arm of the Galician
 INDITEX Group, is amongst the 'culprits' that have been blamed for the
 demise from high street hegemony of such European retail notables as C&A,
 Littlewoods and Marks & Spencer. In this paper an analysis is provided of
 the mechanisms by which this peripheral region has succeeded in producing,
 from virtually nothing, a globally outstanding retail fashion industry in
 one of the world's most cutthroat competitive industries. It is shown that
 regional, national and supra-national factors have had important parts to
 play, but that the Galician approach is nevertheless unique, compared to
 that of other fashion clothing regions. Among the special features at play
 are high levels of tacit and codified knowledge exploitation, integrated
 design, production and retailing and advanced retail feedback technology
 that enables anticipation of customer preference. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 519-527 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310220130211 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310220130211 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:4:p:519-527




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlo Pietrobelli 
Author-X-Name-First: Carlo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pietrobelli 
Author-Name: Tatiana Olarte Barrera 
Author-X-Name-First: Tatiana Olarte 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barrera 
Title: Enterprise Clusters and Industrial Districts in Colombia's Fashion Sector&#x2020; 
Abstract:
  This paper presents the theory of enterprise clusters and industrial
 districts, and contrasts it with the evidence of two productive
 agglomerations in the fashion sector in Colombia. The empirical evidence
 on Bucaramanga and Medellín, that host the largest groups of Colombian
 textile and clothing producers and exporters, is based on a survey
 questionnaire, carried out in November--December 1998. The results of the
 survey confirm the relevance of the Industrial district concept in
 understanding the recent developments of Colombia's textile and garments
 industry, and reveal the presence of some dimensions of an enterprise
 cluster in both Medellín and Bucaramanga, although each with different
 characteristics. However, both Colombian clusters are characterized by a
 low degree of firm--level specialization and poorly--developed enterprise
 networks. This is similar to what has been observed in most enterprise
 clusters in Latin America, and may clearly hinder the local external
 economies and collective efficiency. Backward linkages are poor or lacking
 in both clusters. The strategy prevailing in most enterprises has been the
 internalization of many stages of the productive process. Forward linkages
 are much stronger, and the retailers play a crucial role in the commercial
 phases. However, only Bucaramanga firms have entered global production and
 marketing networks, whereas Medellín firms are mainly oriented to the
 national market. Moreover, the two clusters have developed under very
 different economic policy regimes, and this had had its consequences on
 the clusters' performance and structure. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 541-562 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310220145323 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310220145323 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:5:p:541-562




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Charles Edquist 
Author-X-Name-First: Charles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Edquist 
Author-Name: Marie-Louise Eriksson 
Author-X-Name-First: Marie-Louise 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eriksson 
Author-Name: Hans Sj&#xF6;gren 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sj&#xF6;gren 
Title: Characteristics of Collaboration in Product Innovation in the Regional System of Innovation of East Gothia 
Abstract:
  The focus of this article is on product innovations introduced by firms
 (establishments) and the collaborations they enter into with other firms
 and organizations in carrying out this activity. The theoretical framework
 combines innovation theories with the literature on regional innovation
 systems and the knowledge-based economy. Empirically we have investigated
 characteristics of collaboration among manufacturing establishments in the
 region of East Gothia in Sweden, with specific focus on the number of
 employees involved in the innovation projects, mechanisms of knowledge
 transfer between organizations, as well as financing and patenting in
 relation to product innovations. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 563-581 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310220145332 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310220145332 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:5:p:563-581




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Harald Bathelt 
Author-X-Name-First: Harald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bathelt 
Title: The Re-emergence of a Media Industry Cluster in Leipzig 
Abstract:
  This paper begins with the proposition that an analysis of the
 potentialities of industrial networks has to consider the wider context of
 the social organization of production. Recent work on industrial
 clustering has shown that successful clusters are embedded in tight
 networks of social relations between suppliers, producers, customers and
 institutions. Localized capabilities, such as specialized resources and
 skills, conventions and other local institutional structures, provide the
 basis for inter-firm cooperation. Based on Malmberg and Maskell's (2001)
 conceptualization of localized industrial clusters, I discuss the
 horizontal, vertical and institutional cluster dimensions as a basis for
 empirical analysis. In addition, attention will be drawn to the external
 dimension and power relations of a cluster which have a strong impact on
 its growth trajectory. This conceptualization is used as a basis for
 studying the new Leipzig media industry cluster. Leipzig, which is located
 in the Neue L&#xE4;nder (States of the former German Democratic Republic),
 has traditionally been a major centre of industrial production in Germany.
 After the German unification, a significant proportion of Leipzig's
 manufacturing activities were terminated or downsized. Interestingly, a
 new media cluster has developed during the 1990s, driven by the activities
 of the MDR (Middle German Television and Broadcasting Service). This has
 stimulated substantial start-up activities in branches of the media
 industry, such as film/TV production, new electronic services/interactive
 media, graphics/design, PR/marketing and media-related hardware/software.
 Being virtually the only sector which has grown in recent years, the media
 sector has stabilized the local economy. In this paper, I investigate
 those forces which have supported start-up and location decisions of media
 firms and the role of local institutions and policy programmes in the
 clustering process. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 583-611 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310220145341 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310220145341 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:5:p:583-611




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juha Kostiainen 
Author-X-Name-First: Juha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kostiainen 
Title: Learning and the ' Ba ' in the Development Network of an Urban Region 
Abstract:
  In order for an urban region to learn and develop, it is necessary for
 its development network to learn. In this article, Ikujiro Nonaka's
 learning model, which emphasizes the significance of tacit and explicit
 knowledge interacting in a spiral process and thus enabling creation of
 new knowledge, is applied to learning in a development network. Nonaka and
 his colleagues have also conceptualized specific places ( ba ) to
 correspond to every phase of knowledge conversion. Favourable conditions
 or places can also be developed for knowledge conversion in a development
 network: this article presents some potential ba for the development
 network including practical examples from Tampere Urban Region (located in
 Finland). 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 613-631 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310220145350 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310220145350 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:5:p:613-631




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rupert Waters 
Author-X-Name-First: Rupert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Waters 
Author-Name: Helen Lawton Smith 
Author-X-Name-First: Helen Lawton 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith 
Title: Regional Development Agencies and Local Economic Development: Scale and Competitiveness in High-technology Oxfordshire and Cambridgeshire 
Abstract:
  Regional Development Agencies have been given the fundamental aim of
 improving their regions' economic performance and competitiveness.
 Supporting innovation is a cornerstone of this policy. This paper explores
 the limitations of region-based strategies arguing that this neglects the
 importance of policy intervention at the local level, using case studies
 of Oxfordshire and Cambridgeshire. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 633-649 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310220145369 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310220145369 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:5:p:633-649




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan Kr&#xE4;tke 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kr&#xE4;tke 
Title: The Regional Impact of EU Eastern Enlargement: A View from Germany 
Abstract:
  Based on a relational concept of regional analysis this contribution
 emphasizes that European Union (EU) Eastern enlargement will primarily
 lead to a restructuring or intensification of interregional economic
 relations. However, it rejects the widespread view that at first the
 border regions at the present EU Eastern boundary would be affected by
 Eastern enlargement. This view relies on the problematic assumption that
 the regions' transnational relations are subject to a logic of
 geographical nearness. The most important nodes of transnational economic
 relations in an enlarged EU are not the border regions, but certain
 regional development centres in the interior of the European economic
 space. Thus the regional impact of EU Eastern enlargement should be
 differentiated with regard to different types of regions: Particular
 advantages come towards the structurally strong regions in the interior of
 the present EU as well as the accession countries, whereas the
 structurally weak regions at the present EU Eastern boundary can gain
 advantages from Eastern enlargement only to the extent that they manage to
 overcome their endogenous blockades concerning cross-border economic
 cooperation and a positive attitude of the regions' population towards
 European integration. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 651-664 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310220145378 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310220145378 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:5:p:651-664




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John McCarthy 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: McCarthy 
Author-Name: Greg Lloyd 
Author-X-Name-First: Greg 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lloyd 
Author-Name: Barbara Illsley 
Author-X-Name-First: Barbara 
Author-X-Name-Last: Illsley 
Title: National Parks in Scotland: Balancing Environment and Economy 
Abstract:
  The use of National Park designations to bring about aims including the
 protection and conservation of the natural environment has become
 established in most European Union member states. In the UK, such
 arrangements have long featured in England and Wales, but they have not
 been paralleled by similar designations in Scotland. Now, however,
 National Parks are being introduced in Scotland. While the proposed
 arrangements build on the experience of National Parks elsewhere in
 Europe, and particularly in England and Wales, they incorporate the
 distinctive feature of seeking to bring about socio-economic development
 as well as environmental protection. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 665-670 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310220145387 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310220145387 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:5:p:665-670




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Per Lundequist 
Author-X-Name-First: Per 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lundequist 
Author-Name: Dominic Power 
Author-X-Name-First: Dominic 
Author-X-Name-Last: Power 
Title: Putting Porter into Practice? Practices of Regional Cluster Building: Evidence from Sweden 
Abstract:
  In the last decade there has been an increased interest in the cluster
 approach as a tool for boosting regional competitiveness. In this article
 practices and processes of regional cluster building in Sweden are
 examined in order to better understand the key traits that seem to be
 common to successful regional cluster initiatives. It is argued that
 regional cluster building may be formed through long running policy
 processes that are crucially constituted by public and private actors'
 collective vision of what cluster policy involves and what a cluster can
 look like. Results from a study of 13 cluster initiatives in Sweden are
 presented. Out of these, four key examples are presented in detail to
 illustrate four distinct 'models' of cluster approaches that emerged: (a)
 industry-led initiatives to build competitiveness and competence within an
 existing base; (b) top-down public policy exercises in brand-building; (c)
 visionary projects to produce an industry cluster from 'thin air'; (d)
 small scale, geographically dispersed, natural resource based, temporal
 clusters that link or dip into global rather than national systems,
 sources of innovation and competitive advantage. The article closes with
 the presentation of a checklist of some common elements that successful
 cluster initiatives in Sweden have shared. It is hoped that they may
 trigger further research or be useful to policy-makers working in the
 area. It is concluded that though many questions and problems persist over
 the use of the cluster-approach it can be a useful tool for regional
 development. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 685-704 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431022000003762 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431022000003762 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:6:p:685-704




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ola Jonsson 
Author-X-Name-First: Ola 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jonsson 
Title: Innovation Processes and Proximity: The Case of IDEON Firms in Lund, Sweden 
Abstract:
  Increasing pressure on innovativeness and collaboration is supposed to
 strengthen the importance of geographical proximity in innovation systems.
 But simultaneously there are 'globalization forces' and information and
 communication technology (ICT) developments that stress wider contexts and
 different dependencies to place and distance. With case studies of
 innovative firms at IDEON Science Park in Lund, the article presents
 analyses of the importance of proximity, related to the kind of knowledge
 and collaborative arrangements involved in innovation processes. Scope for
 'untraded interdependencies' is discussed as well as the possible ICT
 impact of these collaborative relations. Argument for a three tier
 innovation system is put forward and its implications for regional
 innovation strategies are, concludingly, discussed. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 705-722 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431022000003771 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431022000003771 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:6:p:705-722




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rolf Stein 
Author-X-Name-First: Rolf 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stein 
Title: Producer Services, Transaction Activities, and Cities: Rethinking Occupational Categories in Economic Geography 
Abstract:
  Applying insights from 'new institutional economics' to classify economic
 activities or occupations avoids some problems for which conventional
 classifications of services and particularly producer services have long
 been criticized. In institutionalist thinking the mixture of
 organizational forms such as market, hierarchy or network in an economy is
 mainly determined by transaction costs, which can in turn be correlated to
 specific 'transaction activities'. Typical transaction activities can be
 identified in markets and in other institutional arrangements, allowing
 the classification of real economic activities, occupations or firms as
 transactional or not. Many other commonly applied labels like
 informational related activities appear comparatively imprecise. This
 categorization and differentiation sheds new light on discussions about
 spatial development, from the world city debate to claims about the
 presumed role of high-tech occupations in metropolitan areas. It is argued
 that transactional occupations, especially those requiring higher
 qualifications, can be expected to be highly concentrated in larger
 agglomerations. In contrast, many non-transactional occupations though
 requiring high qualifications and usually also regarded as basic for
 metropolitan economies, like parts of R&D, are not necessarily
 concentrated there. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 723-743 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431022000003780 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431022000003780 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pawel Churski 
Author-X-Name-First: Pawel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Churski 
Title: Unemployment and Labour-market Policy in the New Voivodeship System in Poland 
Abstract:
  The systemic transformation process and the introduction of market
 mechanisms involved in the labour market have brought about changes in the
 state and structure of the labour market in Poland. A measurable effect of
 those changes has been a drop in employment and the appearance of
 registered unemployment, whose level soon surpassed that of frictional
 unemployment and became a basic social problem. The situation in the
 Polish labour market is aggravated by the fact that there are wide
 regional differences in unemployment that persist despite variations in
 the level of national unemployment. The administrative reform implemented
 on 1 January 1999 has introduced a division of the country into 16 new
 voivodeships in place of the existing 49. The new system of big
 voivodeships endowed statutorily with a combination of central government
 and self-government functions was supposed to create conditions for a more
 effective labour-market policy at the regional scale. The aim of the
 present article is to analyse changes in the regional differences in
 unemployment resulting from the transition from the 49- to 16-unit
 administrative system. The analysis also covers changes in the
 institutionalization and implementation of labour-market policy at the
 regional level which followed from the reform. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 745-763 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431022000003799 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431022000003799 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:6:p:745-763




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rachel Kallus 
Author-X-Name-First: Rachel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kallus 
Author-Name: Hubert Law Yone 
Author-X-Name-First: Hubert Law 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yone 
Title: National Home/Personal Home: Public Housing and the Shaping of National Space in Israel 
Abstract:
  The massive investment in public housing for immigrants in the early
 years of the State of Israel has usually been presented in terms of the
 achievements in modernization and absorption of immigrants. A closer look
 at the State agenda reveals the dual role of public housing--the shaping
 of territory and the shaping of identity. This article provides a critical
 view of the hegemonic practice of the State in its formative years, in
 which the location, planning, design, population and administration of
 these housing estates were carried out. The aim of the article is not to
 challenge the achievements of housing in the nation-building process, but
 to provide some new dimensions for consideration in the analytic discourse
 of housing in general. A critical definition of public housing that goes
 beyond the usual portrayal as public good is presented. This is seen in
 the context of the physical shaping of national space, or the
 spatialization of territory, whereby the State via the ideologically
 conscripted professionals used public housing as a tool to mould new
 immigrants into loyal citizens of an imagined nation-state. The resulting
 peculiar physical/cultural landscape, which persists to this day, is
 associated with a large marginalized and excluded social group: the
 Mizrachi population. Several crucial questions concerning the future of
 these public housing estates are raised and the prospects of their
 transformation into meaningful living places within the dialectics of
 spatial production by the State are questioned. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 765-779 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431022000003807 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431022000003807 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:6:p:765-779




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rob Atkinson 
Author-X-Name-First: Rob 
Author-X-Name-Last: Atkinson 
Title: The White Paper on European Governance: Implications for Urban Policy 
Abstract:
  This paper discusses the recent European Commission White Paper on
 European Governance, arguing that the document offers interesting
 possibilities for the future development of the European Union (EU), how
 it is governed and more particularly for 'European Urban Policy'. However,
 the paper argues there are problems with its use of the term governance as
 a strategy for reform and with a number of its proposals to widen access
 to the European Commission (EC) and the policy process. With regard to
 urban policy it is suggested that the White Paper's emphasis on a greater
 role for sub-national government and citizens' is to be welcomed. Although
 once again it is unclear whether the Commission has fully thought through
 the implications of its proposals both for itself and the groups it wishes
 to engage with. More specifically it is argued that the Open Method of
 Coordination is broadly similar to the methods whereby both current urban
 (and spatial) policy have been developed and should be embraced. Overall
 the White Paper is something of a mixed bag; however, this is to be
 expected of a document which is primarily intended to stimulate discussion
 about the future of EU governance. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 781-792 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431022000003816 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431022000003816 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:6:p:781-792




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Allmendinger 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Allmendinger 
Title: Planning Under a Scottish Parliament: A Missed Opportunity? 
Abstract:
  Devolution has naturally led to expectations of legislative and policy
 divergence. Given its largely unitary nature across the UK such
 anticipation has also been a characteristic of planning debates. In Wales
 and Northern Ireland there is evidence of some progress in developing
 planning to better meet the needs of those areas. In Scotland, however,
 there have been far more modest achievements to date. Far from charting a
 new course for planning through legislative and policy change the
 trajectory for planning in Scotland post-devolution has been very similar
 to that south of the border. This article explores the changes to planning
 under the Scottish Parliament and discusses some of the reasons for the
 apparent lack of ambition and progress. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 793-798 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431022000003825 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431022000003825 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:6:p:793-798




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andy Thornley 
Author-X-Name-First: Andy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thornley 
Title: Urban Regeneration and Sports Stadia 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 813-818 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431022000013220 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431022000013220 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:7:p:813-818




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Calvin Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Calvin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Title: The Stadium and Economic Development: Cardiff and the Millennium Stadium 
Abstract:
  Cardiff, in common with other cities in the UK, has increasingly
 identified the attraction of major sporting events as a potential driver
 of economic development. This policy in large part depends on the ability
 of the Millennium Stadium to attract these events, and for local agencies
 to lever the maximum consequent regional benefit. This article examines
 the development of the Cardiff stadium, through its construction and
 hosting of the 1999 Rugby World Cup, to operations in the longer term.
 Drawing in part upon the substantial American narrative, the article
 examines whether the city centre stadium is likely to drive wider city or
 regional economic development, and considers the likely success of an
 events-based development strategy. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 819-829 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431022000013239 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431022000013239 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:7:p:819-829




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Newman 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Newman 
Author-Name: Melanie Tual 
Author-X-Name-First: Melanie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tual 
Title: The Stade de France. The Last Expression of French Centralism? 
Abstract:
  The Stade de France was built for the 1998 World Cup finals. The success
 of the French team and the substantial infrastructure investment that came
 with the stadium transformed the image of the formerly industrial suburb
 of Plaine-Saint-Denis where the stadium is located. However, the impacts
 of the Stade de France have been uneven and the northern suburbs still
 present substantial challenges for economic and social renewal. Whilst the
 key decisions about locating the stadium were taken by central government,
 the arrival of the Stade de France coincides with radical change in the
 governance of urban renewal, and future planning of the area will be
 managed through complex arrangements of inter-communal cooperation and
 inter-governmental coordination. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 831-843 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431022000013248 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431022000013248 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:7:p:831-843




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Glen Searle 
Author-X-Name-First: Glen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Searle 
Title: Uncertain Legacy: Sydney's Olympic Stadiums 
Abstract:
  The two main stadiums for the Sydney Olympic Games were developed by the
 private sector with State assistance to reduce government costs and risks.
 In the post-Olympic period, both stadiums have experienced major revenue
 shortfalls which threaten their viability. This has been caused by
 competition from pre-existing, though smaller, State-owned stadiums and
 lack of potential major sporting and other events. In part to help the
 Olympic stadiums, the government produced a masterplan for major urban
 development at the Olympic Park. This paper illustrates the risks of
 partnership development of specialized infrastructure, and the way in
 which special events can lead urban development. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 845-860 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431022000013257 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431022000013257 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:7:p:845-860




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Phillip Lee 
Author-X-Name-First: Phillip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee 
Title: The Economic and Social Justification for Publicly Financed Stadia: The Case of Vancouver's BC Place Stadium 
Abstract:
  Publicly financed Stadia, as manifest in numerous North American
 metropolitan cities, have always been at the centre of public debate and
 widely covered by the media. At one end of the debate adherents of such
 investments urge that stadia are an economic as well as a social catalyst
 in reviving a city, and at the same time have the capability to market and
 promote the image of a city. However, the cynics claim that this economic
 promise is a mere canard, or myth, and places an enormous financial and
 social burden on public expenditure. They are projects that are
 politically driven and motivated, and despite being financed by the
 public, are more oriented to the private sector. In my view, stadia on the
 whole are ineffective in fostering direct economic spin-off effects, but
 from a socio-cultural perspective are a key factor in producing
 significant intangible benefits, while enhancing the status of a city. The
 purpose of this article is to probe and delve into this debate and attempt
 to relate the broad theories to the issues revolving around BC Place
 Stadium in Vancouver. In conclusion a number of possible solutions and
 recommendations will be addressed to try to bridge the gap between
 proponents and critics. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 861-873 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431022000013266 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431022000013266 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:7:p:861-873




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ajay Chanayil 
Author-X-Name-First: Ajay 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chanayil 
Title: The Manhattan Yankees? Planning Objectives, City Policy, and Sports Stadium Location in New York City 
Abstract:
  The owners of the New York Yankees professional baseball team have
 claimed that they are dissatisfied with the location of the team's current
 ballpark in the economically depressed South Bronx. To appease them, Mayor
 Giuliani proposed constructing a new stadium for the Yankees in Manhattan,
 prompting a city-wide debate over whether the team should stay in the
 Bronx or move to Manhattan. This article outlines the two competing
 proposals and evaluates their claims. The Manhattan site is linked to the
 image creation of New York's downtown while the Bronx site sees the
 stadium as part of a broader regeneration scheme for a deprived part of
 the city. This article discourages a blind acceptance of Manhattan-centric
 planning, and presents the argument that the Bronx site is in the best
 interests of New York. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 875-896 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431022000013275 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431022000013275 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:7:p:875-896




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andreas Faludi 
Author-X-Name-First: Andreas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Faludi 
Title: Positioning European Spatial Planning 
Abstract:
  The European Spatial Development Perspective (ESDP) is being described as
 'inter-governmental'. The original initiative was for a Community spatial
 strategy for the delivery of the Structural Funds. Coming from France, it
 met with opposition. So it was that the successive six-monthly
 Presidencies of the EU took turns in managing the process. In truth,
 however, without Commission support the ESDP would not have come about.
 Now that the ESDP is on the books, the Commission is claiming a leadership
 role. Taking a position on this, one needs to view spatial planning
 against the backdrop of general thinking about European integration.
 Positions in the literature are often presented as polar opposites, like
 that of 'neo-functionalists' putting faith in integration on the one hand
 and that of 'realists' emphasizing the continuing dominance of nation
 states on the other hand. However, a growing body of literature is not
 about these 'grand theories', but about the actual workings of European
 institutions. It takes a middle ground and invokes concepts which planning
 writers are accustomed to, like networks, discourses and governance. From
 this literature it appears that mutual learning, a feature also of the
 ESDP process, is common in European integration. European spatial planning
 must be seen as part and parcel of an emergent system of European
 multi-level governance. In it, power is exerted at multiple levels of
 government. Denying the Community a spatial planning role is not
 realistic, therefore. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 897-909 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431022000013284 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431022000013284 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:7:p:897-909




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Terry van Dijk 
Author-X-Name-First: Terry 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Dijk 
Title: Export of Planning Knowledge Needs Comparative Analysis: The Case of Applying Western Land Consolidation Experience in Central Europe 
Abstract:
  Phenomena abroad is receiving increasing attention and exporting planning
 knowledge meets specific difficulties. This article tries to sustain two
 claims. First, it claims that advising and comparative research are
 linked, because the more options are known, the more likely it is that a
 well-suited strategy can be chosen. The second claim is that comparative
 analysis can be conducted on a number of levels of increasing complexity.
 These levels are referred to in this article as exhibiting, valuing,
 explaining and advising. Furthermore, each higher level analysis can only
 be applied after going through the former level. This article uses the
 case of land consolidation as an example. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 911-922 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431022000013293 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431022000013293 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:7:p:911-922




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Morris Teubal 
Author-X-Name-First: Morris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Teubal 
Author-Name: Gil Avnimelech 
Author-X-Name-First: Gil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Avnimelech 
Author-Name: Alon Gayego 
Author-X-Name-First: Alon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gayego 
Title: Company Growth, Acquisitions and Access to Complementary Assets in Israel's Data Security Sector 
Abstract:
  This article analyses aspects of high-tech cluster emergence in Israel
 during the 1990s with focuses on the data security software industry and
 on strategies of very successful companies dominating such an industry.
 Most of the industry is concentrated in Tel Aviv and close-by Hertzliya
 and to a lesser extent Haifa and Jerusalem. It starts by characterizing
 the industry as a whole and the universe of 19 companies comprising it. It
 then proceeds with an in-depth analysis of the growth trajectories of very
 successful companies, some of which are listed in NASDAQ or have been
 acquired by large multinational corporations. A fast 'IPO' and a 'fast
 M&A' track have been identified and characterized. The analysis suggests
 that while globalization could be beneficial to skill intensive peripheral
 economies like Israel, a significant economic impact may require an
 appropriate balance between start-up activity and downstream production
 and marketing activities. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 933-953 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431022000031248 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431022000031248 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:8:p:933-953




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sean Peirce 
Author-X-Name-First: Sean 
Author-X-Name-Last: Peirce 
Title: Selling Urban Housing in London. Can High-density Urban Living Be Sold to a Sceptical British Public? Distinction, Mobility, and Control over Environment 
Abstract:
  Marketing materials from brownfield housing developments in London are
 analysed in order to evaluate the extent to which the British government's
 'urban renaissance' goals can overcome public scepticism and a historical
 distaste for high-density urban living. A case study of Tunnel Wharf in
 Rotherhithe is presented along with a broader analysis of marketing
 materials from other developments. These marketing efforts suggest that
 urban living can be successfully sold to some segments of the British
 public, in large part by playing to cities' natural strengths. However,
 these sales pitches rely heavily on appeals to such themes as exclusivity
 and the ability to control one's environment, and thus raise broader
 questions about the viability and coherence of the urban renaissance
 vision. Specifically, it is suggested that the psychological response to
 increased urban densities may imply possible trade-offs between the
 preservation of countryside and the promotion of 'urbanity' in cities. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 955-970 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431022000031257 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431022000031257 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:8:p:955-970




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Seamus Grimes 
Author-X-Name-First: Seamus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grimes 
Author-Name: Patrick Collins 
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Collins 
Title: The Role of Telematics in Integrating Ireland into Europe's Information Society 
Abstract:
  This article is an evaluation of Ireland's participation in the
 Telematics Applications Programme (TAP), which was part of the European
 Commission's Fourth Framework Programme for the period 1994-1998. TAP was
 primarily concerned with public sector bodies and their ability to adapt
 to the Information Society. The article explores Irish participation in
 the programme and examines the contribution of this participation to the
 clustering of telematics experimentation within Ireland and to the
 increasing integration with other European regions arising from project
 networks. The role of the TAP programme in furthering Europe's information
 society in Ireland is assessed. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 971-986 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431022000031266 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431022000031266 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:8:p:971-986




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gareth Potts 
Author-X-Name-First: Gareth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Potts 
Title: Regional Policy and the 'Regionalization' of University-Industry Links: A View from the English Regions 
Abstract:
  As several senior figures in UK Government have recently professed to
 want to promote the knowledge-driven economy across the nation, discussion
 of university-industry ties in less-favoured regions is particularly
 salient. This account documents how UK central government efforts to
 encourage greater university-industry links have increasingly taken on a
 regional dimension but then stresses that these efforts do not constitute
 a 'regional policy' (in the traditional sense of measures that seek to
 reduce interregional economic disparities). This activity is then set
 within the context of overall Government and European Union (EU) funding
 to universities which is also at odds with stated government aims of
 lessening regional economic disparities. The article goes on to highlight
 how mainstream regional policy, particularly that of the European
 Commission, has seen considerable support for university-industry activity
 in the regions but has faced an uncertain future due largely to the
 spectre of fund-draining EU expansion. The article concludes by asking
 what policies might be pursued for university-industry links to be
 increased in weaker regions. The underlying aim of the article is to
 contribute towards raising the profile of universities in debates about
 reducing interregional economic disparities (that must, in turn, be much
 higher on the public policy agenda). 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 987-1012 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431022000031275 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431022000031275 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:8:p:987-1012




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Title: Delivering Integrated Rural Development: Insights from Northern Ireland 
Abstract:
  This article explores progress being made in the sphere of integrated
 rural development in Northern Ireland, based on the experiences of 15
 LEADER II local action groups. Research suggests that the local action
 groups experienced difficulties in developing integrative and
 multi-dimensional approaches to rural development during the initial
 stages of strategy formulation. In addition there appears to have been an
 emphasis on delivering the products of rural development with little
 importance attached to supporting processes such as capacity building and
 animation. However, as the programme progressed, this article examines the
 potential added value of LEADER II in Northern Ireland as demonstrated by
 the enhanced scope for cross-sector dialogue and local collaboration
 rooted in partnership based activity. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1013-1025 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431022000031284 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431022000031284 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joe Howe 
Author-X-Name-First: Joe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Howe 
Author-Name: Iain White 
Author-X-Name-First: Iain 
Author-X-Name-Last: White 
Title: The Potential Implications of the European Union Water Framework Directive on Domestic Planning Systems: A UK Case Study 
Abstract:
  The transformation of planning across Europe in recent years has been
 characterized by new processes at different spatial scales that reach
 across traditional boundaries. This Europeanization of planning processes
 is reflected in the emergence of cross-border initiatives, new spatial
 relationships and the enhancement of regional policy-making. In using the
 case of the UK this article analyses the possible ramifications of
 adopting the European Water Framework Directive (WFD). It is demonstrated
 that the WFD, despite its apparent focus on water regulation, is
 symptomatic of wider European Spatial Planning processes that are seeing a
 reshaping of attitudes, witnessing the emergence of new networks and
 challenging traditional sovereignties of planning. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1027-1038 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431022000031293 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431022000031293 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Inge Jenssen 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan Inge 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jenssen 
Author-Name: Harold F. Koenig 
Author-X-Name-First: Harold F. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Koenig 
Title: The Effect of Social Networks on Resource Access and Business Start-ups 
Abstract:
  In previous research, entrepreneurs' social networks are expected to
 influence entrepreneurial success because they give access to resources.
 This is confirmed in this study. In most research it is also believed that
 network features such as strength of ties determine to a great extent what
 kind of resources the entrepreneur receives. Although this last assumption
 has important implications for entrepreneurship research and for practice,
 the validity of the assumption has not been put to the test in previous
 research. The analysis of data from an empirical study of entrepreneurs in
 Norway gives at best partial support for the assumption. Contrary to what
 should be expected, the results indicate that strong ties are important
 channels for information and that weak ties give access to finance. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1039-1046 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 10 
Year: 2002 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431022000031301 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431022000031301 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:10:y:2002:i:8:p:1039-1046




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: KONGRAE LEE 
Author-X-Name-First: KONGRAE 
Author-X-Name-Last: LEE 
Title: Promoting Innovative Clusters through the Regional Research Centre (RRC) Policy Programme in Korea 
Abstract:
  This article deals with government policies to promote innovative
 clusters in which firms and related supporting institutes closely interact
 and stimulate the innovation process. It argues that the Korean government
 has taken various types of policies in the process of developing clusters.
 The Regional Research Centre (RRC) policy programme and the Semiconductor
 Equipment Research Centre (SERC) of Hoseo University are case studies. The
 RRC programme aims to establish a regional research network among research
 agents having a common interest in regionally specialized technologies,
 and to strengthen their technological capability. The SERC, established in
 1996 as one of the RRCs, has played a successful role as the government
 intended. The local business environment wherein user firms and suppliers
 were scattered and fragmented was greatly improved as the result of the
 active role of the SERC. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 25-39 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310303656 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310303656 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: JEAN-ALAIN HE&#xC9;RAUD 
Author-X-Name-First: JEAN-ALAIN 
Author-X-Name-Last: HE&#xC9;RAUD 
Title: Regional Innovation Systems and European Research Policy: Convergence or Misunderstanding? 
Abstract:
  In this article the question of interfacing, innovation policy and
 regional policy at the European level is addressed. Under which conditions
 will the new European research policy, relying on networks of centres of
 excellence, be compatible with 'cohesion' objectives? Since there will be
 no unique regional development scheme based on science and technology, how
 can policy-makers take into consideration the variety of local contexts?
 The analysis focuses on the fact that the concept of regional innovation
 system can be misleading for describing the territorial context. However,
 a cognitive approach seems possible, based on the notion of regional
 competence to innovate. The analyses are illustrated with empirical
 results concerning the French regions, and especially Alsace. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 41-56 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310303658 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310303658 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:1:p:41-56




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: COSTIS HADJIMICHALIS 
Author-X-Name-First: COSTIS 
Author-X-Name-Last: HADJIMICHALIS 
Title: Imagining Rurality in the New Europe and Dilemmas for Spatial Policy 
Abstract:
  In the discourse on European integration from the mid 1960s until the
 beginning of the 1990s, rural space and rurality have been traditionally
 associated with the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), while little
 attention has been devoted to the spatial development of the countryside.
 These approaches and policies were associated with a 'geographical
 imagination' of rural space and rurality as a place of production, where
 the emphasis was on sectoral policies. In Europe today the discourse has
 changed dramatically. The current dominant geographical imagination of
 rurality is shifted to consumption and leisure, following both specific
 structural trends internally to rural areas and the more general
 post-modern trend away from production per se . These trends are discussed
 in a highly influential European document, the European Spatial
 Development Perspective (ESDP) introduced in Leipzig in 1994 and formally
 adopted in 1999. In this document a new language and new policy guidelines
 are introduced, which openly support the consumption/leisure imagination,
 introducing at the same time spatial policies, which will deal more
 effectively with urban and rural spaces. Bearing this in mind, this
 article will try first to describe the two phases of imagining rurality in
 Europe (production versus consumption/leisure) and second their impact on
 southern European (SE) rural regions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 103-113 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431032000072828 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431032000072828 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:2:p:103-113




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: AMNON FRENKEL 
Author-X-Name-First: AMNON 
Author-X-Name-Last: FRENKEL 
Title: Barriers and Limitations in the Development of Industrial Innovation in the Region 
Abstract:
  The growing interest in public policy contributing to the expansion of
 industrial innovation, has become increasingly significant, resulting from
 the interrelationship between innovation, competitiveness, and economic
 growth. This article presents the results of an empirical study in
 identifying the most important barriers to the development of innovation,
 as ascribed by industrial firms belonging to the high-tech sector
 alongside the more traditional industries. The data were collected through
 field survey of industrial firms, located in the Northern region of
 Israel. A considerable unexpected similarity was identified in the most
 important factors that constitute barriers to innovation, between the
 industrial sectors and the different regions investigated. The most
 significant limitations are those that relate to the high risk involved
 with the engagement in innovation. The risks are related, on the one hand,
 to the lack of financial resources, and on the other hand, to the high
 cost needed for this engagement, thereby affecting the time needed for
 return on investment. Additionally, the lack of highly skilled workers was
 also found to be a significant barrier. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 115-137 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431032000072837 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431032000072837 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:2:p:115-137




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: SUSANNE HEEG 
Author-X-Name-First: SUSANNE 
Author-X-Name-Last: HEEG 
Author-Name: BRITTA KLAGGE 
Author-X-Name-First: BRITTA 
Author-X-Name-Last: KLAGGE 
Author-Name: JU&#xDC;RGEN OSSENBRU&#xDC;GGE 
Author-X-Name-First: JU&#xDC;RGEN 
Author-X-Name-Last: OSSENBRU&#xDC;GGE 
Title: Metropolitan cooperation in Europe: Theoretical issues and perspectives for urban networking 1 
Abstract:
  In recent years urban entrepreneurialism has become a metropolitan
 strategy to cope with the challenges of an increasingly flexible global
 economy. Building on a debate about the problematic nature of this
 strategy we argue that cooperation of cities, or metropolitan cooperation,
 constitutes a new policy option for local actors which has the potential
 to overcome the negative effects of urban competition. In order to explore
 this potential we analyse the fundamental changes of the local state and
 existing cooperative efforts. This analysis shows that so far metropolitan
 cooperation is mainly experimental in character and a policy option that
 moves forward by trial and error and by learning from success and failure.
 We see this as partly due to a lack of an adequate theoretical framework
 dealing with the economics of urban systems. By way of synthesizing
 different academic discourses we suggest a conceptualization of
 metropolitan cooperation which takes into account the potential economic
 benefits and institutional requirements of cooperative behaviour of urban
 actors. Based on these considerations we establish criteria for suitable
 thematic fields of metropolitan cooperation and suggest forms of
 institutionalization. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 139-153 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431032000072846 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431032000072846 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:2:p:139-153




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: F. XAVIER MOLINA-MORALES 
Author-X-Name-First: F. XAVIER 
Author-X-Name-Last: MOLINA-MORALES 
Author-Name: M. TERESA MART&#xCD;NEZ-FERNA&#xC1;NDEZ 
Author-X-Name-First: M. TERESA 
Author-X-Name-Last: MART&#xCD;NEZ-FERNA&#xC1;NDEZ 
Title: The Impact of Industrial District Affiliation on Firm Value Creation 
Abstract:
  This article reviews ideas from the industrial district literature. In
 particular, it compares industrial district members and non-members in
 terms of value creation capacity. We have proposed a set of explanatory
 factors including common reputation, intensity of exchange and combination
 of resources, and participation of local institutions. This model has been
 applied to a sample of 350 manufacturing firms in order to test the case
 of the Valencia region. Findings suggest a positive association between
 district membership, possession of competitive factors and value creation
 measured by innovation. Implications of the article have relevant
 prescriptions for regional planners and individual entrepreneurs. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 155-170 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431032000072855 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431032000072855 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:2:p:155-170




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: LARS WINTHER 
Author-X-Name-First: LARS 
Author-X-Name-Last: WINTHER 
Title: Local Production Systems and Organizational Change: Hierarchization and Competing Firm Networks in Marinha Grande, Portugal 
Abstract:
  European local production systems have evolved and restructured in recent
 decades. One path of change has been an internal reorganization towards
 more hierarchization among local firms and the emergence of formal firm
 networks and an economic reconcentration. This article supports these
 observations and provides evidence from the mould industry in Marinha
 Grande, Portugal. The formal firm networks are, however, heterogeneous and
 they constitute new competitive strategies, that challenge the historical
 organization and institutions of the industrial districts and local
 production systems in which small was beautiful. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 171-191 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431032000072864 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431032000072864 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:2:p:171-191




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: BRENDAN MURTAGH 
Author-X-Name-First: BRENDAN 
Author-X-Name-Last: MURTAGH 
Author-Name: STEPHEN MCKAY 
Author-X-Name-First: STEPHEN 
Author-X-Name-Last: MCKAY 
Title: EUROPEAN BRIEFING 
Abstract:
  This article explores alternative interpretations of the meaning and
 method of urban policy evaluation within the European Union (EU)
 Structural Funds. Using the EU URBAN Community Initiative Programme
 1994-1999 it draws a distinction between 'instrumental' techniques that
 are primarily concerned with performance and efficiency measures and
 'interpretative' approaches that stress the need to explore power
 relationships in the development and delivery of spending programmes.
 Empirically, it reflects on the interpretation of EU guidance and the
 MEANS (Means for Evaluating Actions of a Structural Nature) Collection to
 evaluate the Derry/Londonderry (UK) URBAN Sub-programme 1994-1999. The
 analysis concludes by emphasizing the need to ensure that urban policy
 evaluation is consistent with the broader social turn in the scope and
 content of regeneration programmes. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 193-211 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431032000072873 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431032000072873 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:2:p:193-211




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: P. Le Galeés 
Author-X-Name-First: P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Le Galeés 
Title: European Cities: Social Conflicts and Governance 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 213-217 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431032000072882 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431032000072882 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:2:p:213-217




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: STUART A. ROSENFELD 
Author-X-Name-First: STUART A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: ROSENFELD 
Title: Expanding Opportunities: Cluster Strategies That Reach More People and More Places 1 
Abstract:
  This article addresses the impacts of cluster-based economic development
 strategies on (a) low- and middle-income people, (b) economically
 distressed urban and rural places, and (c) small enterprises. It draws on
 the collective experiences and ideas of a small group of experts and
 practitioners from various parts of the US and Europe to pinpoint some of
 the reasons why certain people, places, and firms are left out or fall
 behind in regional efforts to develop economies based on clusters,
 identify the barriers to more widely dispersed benefits, and suggest some
 opportunities for surmounting those barriers. It goes on to recommend new
 approaches and initiatives that extend opportunities to marginalized
 populations, less favoured regions, and very small firms and thereby
 produce more just clusters. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 359-377 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310303643 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310303643 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:4:p:359-377




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: JAVIER REVILLA DIEZ 
Author-X-Name-First: JAVIER REVILLA 
Author-X-Name-Last: DIEZ 
Title: Hannover after the World Exhibition EXPO 2000--An Attempt to Establish an ICT-cluster 
Abstract:
  The Hannover Region is extremely interested in the development of an
 innovative information and communication technology (ICT) cluster through
 the continued use of the EXPO 2000 site. This article looks into the
 question of whether the potential for the successful development of an ICT
 cluster exists. The location factors considered by the ICT firms to be
 poor, such as cooperation with consulting and transfer facilities, the
 administration and educational facilities, the missing critical mass of
 related and supporting industries and R&D facilities, all indicate serious
 weaknesses in the ICT sector. But, the development of the Hannover EXPO
 Park into a nucleus of the regional ICT cluster, which was begun after the
 end of EXPO 2000, is counteracting these deficits 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 379-394 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310303644 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310303644 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:4:p:379-394




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: SEAMUS GRIMES 
Author-X-Name-First: SEAMUS 
Author-X-Name-Last: GRIMES 
Author-Name: PATRICK COLLINS 
Author-X-Name-First: PATRICK 
Author-X-Name-Last: COLLINS 
Title: Building a Knowledge Economy in Ireland Through European Research Networks 
Abstract:
  The success of the Irish economy, and the technology sector in
 particular, over the last decade has been well noted. This article seeks
 to uncover the role that Irish participation in the ESPRIT programme of
 the European Union's Fourth Framework Programme has played in the building
 of Ireland's knowledge economy through its promotion of research
 collaboration. The primary goal of ESPRIT was the promotion of networking
 between organizations of similar interest across Europe, and in this
 article we examine the effects of the imposition of these more formal
 networks on organizations. The shift towards the promotion of more
 informal networks among European organizations in the pursuit of
 innovation is highlighted. After looking at Irish participation in the
 programme, we gauge the success of various projects and partners, and note
 the differences between networks, which were in place before participation
 in ESPRIT, where personal networking was evident, and the more formal
 networks created by ESPRIT. What becomes most obvious from analysing Irish
 participation is the conscious move on the part of those networks with a
 prior existence to advance their own research agenda by means of ESPRIT. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 395-413 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310303641 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310303641 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:4:p:395-413




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J&#xD8;RGEN AMDAM 
Author-X-Name-First: J&#xD8;RGEN 
Author-X-Name-Last: AMDAM 
Title: Structure and Strategy for Regional Learning and Innovation--Challenges for Regional Planning 
Abstract:
  Development of codified and tacit knowledge is important for capacity
 building in regional communities. To do so regions need active cooperation
 and trust building between public organizations related to research and
 education, private companies and organizations and the civil society so as
 to cross sector barriers and to mobilize to meet regional challenges
 proactively. Such processes must enjoy wide support in the regional
 community; mobilization for change must take place from below and across a
 broad front. Actors from outside can stimulate such processes, but they
 cannot take responsibility for them. The role in building out the
 community that is held by democratically elected bodies, make it natural
 to demand or expect that such actors take an initiative towards
 improvement, which brings challenges that are discussed later in this
 article. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 439-459 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310303642 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310303642 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:4:p:439-459




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: DAVID NEWLANDS 
Author-X-Name-First: DAVID 
Author-X-Name-Last: NEWLANDS 
Title: Competition and Cooperation in Industrial Clusters: The Implications for Public Policy 
Abstract:
  Alfred Marshall believed that, while the benefits of clusters resulted
 from cooperation between firms, competition was an important driving
 force. In contrast, contemporary theories of clusters place most emphasis
 on collective action. This article seeks to distinguish processes of
 competition and cooperation within clusters, through a critical reading of
 different theoretical approaches. This distinction has important
 implications for the scale and nature of public policy. An emphasis on
 competitive processes implies a more macro-economic role for public
 agencies in seeking to raise investment in innovation while the fostering
 of cooperation implies measures to support decentralized public-private
 research collaborations. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 521-532 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310303649 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310303649 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:5:p:521-532




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: STEFAN KR&#xC4;TKE 
Author-X-Name-First: STEFAN 
Author-X-Name-Last: KR&#xC4;TKE 
Title: Global Media Cities in a World-wide Urban Network 
Abstract:
  This article examines the link between cities and culture from the point
 of view of the production of cultural goods, including media products. It
 focuses on the institutional structure of present-day cultural production
 and the media industry and on their geographical organization at the local
 and global levels. The cultural economy is a prime mover for globalization
 processes in the urban system, in which cultural production clusters act
 as local nodes in the global networks of the large media groups. The
 models frequently used to analyse the global city system will be
 supplemented and partially modified by an empirical analysis of the 'world
 media cities'. The analysis of the world media cities enables those
 locations to be identified, from which globalization in the spheres of
 culture and the media proceeds and is 'produced' in practical terms.
 Global city research has predominantly emphasized the role of advanced
 producer services&#x2014;in contrast this article concludes that for the
 process of globalization the globally operating media firms are at least
 as influential as the global providers of corporate services, because they
 create a cultural market space of global dimensions, on the basis of which
 the specialized global service providers can ensure the practical
 management of global production and market networks. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 605-628 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431032000108350 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431032000108350 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:6:p:605-628




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: GERT-JAN HOSPERS 
Author-X-Name-First: GERT-JAN 
Author-X-Name-Last: HOSPERS 
Title: Localization in Europe's Periphery: Tourism Development in Sardinia 
Abstract:
  As a part of the south Italian Mezzogiorno the island of Sardinia is one
 of the most peripheral and least favoured regions in the European Union
 (EU). This article deals with the strategies that have been pursued to
 restructure the Sardinian economy during the post-war period. In
 particular, focus is on experiences with local tourism development. After
 a sketch of the key features of Sardinia, the fruitless top-down
 strategies of the Italian government to industrialize the island are
 discussed. After that, the efforts of local parties to promote tourism
 that builds upon locality-specific assets are analysed. Furthermore, the
 effects of this localized approach for Sardinia have been generally
 positive. Moreover, the growing interest among tourists for Sardinia's
 natural and cultural heritage offers perspectives for bottom-up tourism
 development as well. Here, however, it is important to balance the
 short-run benefits of tourism with the possible costs of long-term
 environmental and socio-cultural degradation. For the future development
 of Sardinia, therefore, 'eco-tourism' might be an additional tool worth
 considering in the island's present localized tourism strategy. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 629-645 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431032000108369 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431032000108369 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:6:p:629-645




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: SEDEF AKG&#xDC;NG&#xD6;R 
Author-X-Name-First: SEDEF 
Author-X-Name-Last: AKG&#xDC;NG&#xD6;R 
Author-Name: NESE KUMRAL 
Author-X-Name-First: NESE 
Author-X-Name-Last: KUMRAL 
Author-Name: AYKUT LENGER 
Author-X-Name-First: AYKUT 
Author-X-Name-Last: LENGER 
Title: National Industry Clusters and Regional Specializations in Turkey 
Abstract:
  The article aims to identify industry clusters in Turkey by examining
 inter-industry selling and purchasing relationships. The 1990 Turkish
 input-output table is used to identify similarities between selling and
 purchasing patterns of the 60 manufacturing industries and derive a matrix
 that describes relative linkages between them. The article also
 investigates the regional specializations by using the identified national
 clusters as templates for an analysis of local patterns. Principle
 component factor analysis reveals the presence of six identifiable
 industry clusters. The firms within the identified clusters provide a
 potential to share technical information and knowledge transfer through
 formal or informal interactions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 647-669 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431032000108378 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431032000108378 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:6:p:647-669




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: IOANNIS CHORIANOPOULOS 
Author-X-Name-First: IOANNIS 
Author-X-Name-Last: CHORIANOPOULOS 
Title: North-South Local Authority and Governance Differences in EU Networks 
Abstract:
  The current pattern of spatial disparities in Europe increasingly
 reflects the different networking capacity and competitive orientation of
 European localities. The article focuses on the north-south pattern of
 disparities and discusses the particularities of the economic and
 socio-political contexts of urbanization and local governance in the
 southern states of Spain, Greece and Portugal. The European Union (EU)
 networking initiatives, it is argued, have limited provisions in their
 structures for the north-south divergence of European local governance,
 endangering an increase in disparities. The responses of seven northern
 and southern local authorities to two EU RECITE networks (1992-1997) are
 comparatively examined in this framework. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 671-695 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431032000108404 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431032000108404 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:6:p:671-695




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: ADAM BARKER 
Author-X-Name-First: ADAM 
Author-X-Name-Last: BARKER 
Author-Name: THOMAS B. FISCHER 
Author-X-Name-First: THOMAS B. 
Author-X-Name-Last: FISCHER 
Title: English Regionalization and Sustainability: Towards the Development of an Integrated Approach to Strategic Environmental Assessment 
Abstract:
  Central to this article is the suggestion that modern planning and
 development frameworks in England are currently at a potentially
 productive, although problematic turning point. Whilst on the one hand the
 UK is attempting to make the legislative and institutional changes
 necessary to facilitate the process of regionalization and devolution, it
 is at the same time facing the challenge of ensuring the necessary levels
 of inter-agency cohesion and integration required for the delivery of the
 meta-objectives at the heart of sustainable development. Of particular
 concern for the English regions is the increasing complexity of
 organizational relations, the fragmentary nature of provisions, the
 potential mismatch between the need to preserve environmental welfare and
 at the same time ensure regional economic competitiveness, and more
 fundamentally, the failure to provide an appropriate mechanism for the
 evaluation of sustainable development goals. In the light of these
 challenges, the authors highlight the value of Strategic Environmental
 Assessment (SEA) as a mechanism for improving the environmental quality of
 decision-making and make recommendations as to how the regional level of
 decision-making can provide an effective platform for the development of
 an SEA system which is capable of reconciling the sustainability conflicts
 derived from different tiers of decision-making. Within this discussion,
 suggestions are made as to the manner in which current ideas for
 introducing sustainability appraisal for Regional Planning Guidance should
 be amended. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 697-716 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431032000108396 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431032000108396 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:6:p:697-716




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: MIKE CRONE 
Author-X-Name-First: MIKE 
Author-X-Name-Last: CRONE 
Author-Name: H. DOUG WATTS 
Author-X-Name-First: H. DOUG 
Author-X-Name-Last: WATTS 
Title: The Determinants of Regional Sourcing by Multinational Manufacturing Firms: Evidence from Yorkshire and Humberside, UK 
Abstract:
  An examination of the factors influencing the extent of regional sourcing
 by multinational manufacturing firms using data collected by interview
 from 50 foreign- and UK-owned plants in Yorkshire and Humberside. The
 evidence shows that higher levels of regional sourcing are observed where
 certain demand characteristics coincide with strengths in the supply
 potential of the region. A 'corporate filter' reduces regional sourcing.
 There were no differences in regional sourcing between foreign- and
 UK-owned multinationals. The findings identify barriers to policy
 aspirations of increased regional sourcing and emphasize that any policy
 initiatives should target the plants of domestic, as well as foreign,
 multinational enterprises (MNE). 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 717-737 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431032000108387 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431032000108387 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:6:p:717-737




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: BRIGITTE ADAM 
Author-X-Name-First: BRIGITTE 
Author-X-Name-Last: ADAM 
Title: Spatial Policies for Metropolitan Regions&#x2014;Identity, Participation and Integration 
Abstract:
  In times of globalization the attention of spatial planning obviously
 changes from rural to metropolitan regions. This change of perspective
 goes along with the expectation that metropolitan regions are key factors
 for a dynamic development of the nation as a whole. This article refers to
 metropolitan strategies in Germany and considers one special strategy
 element in greater detail: spatial planning completed a policy for
 metropolitan regions as a 'top down' approach. In addition, a network of
 German Metropolitan Regions was established from below. Recently the
 members of this network have prepared a common strategy paper that
 includes eight demands for metropolitan strategies. One of the demands is
 dedicated to regional identity, participation and integration. Aspects
 concerning this demand are discussed in this article. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 739-747 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431032000108413 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431032000108413 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:6:p:739-747




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: PHILIP COOKE 
Author-X-Name-First: PHILIP 
Author-X-Name-Last: COOKE 
Title: The Evolution of Biotechnology in Three Continents: Schumpeterian or Penrosian? 
Abstract:
  This Editorial introduces the Special Issue on &#x2018;Biotechnology
 Clusters and Beyond&#x2019;. Drawing on the interventions of five
 commissioned articles from Canada, Germany, Israel, the UK and the US it
 suggests that biotechnology clusters are interesting and important
 intellectually and for policy deliberation. They pose questions about
 basic cluster theory because localized networks, though intense, may not
 be as extensive as global ones in firm practices, especially as these
 evolve over time. Moreover, innovation is more deeply embedded in the
 publicly funded science base than for &#x2018;Porterian&#x2019; clusters.
 Regarding innovation, biotechnology is also less obviously Schumpeterian,
 there being little market-driven &#x2018;creative destruction&#x2019;, and
 is arguably, with its strong emphasis on both large- and small-firm
 &#x2018;capabilities&#x2019;&#x2014;Penrosian&#x2014;an emphasis in
 clustering research and applications that warrants further investigation.
 Finally, at the specific technology-exploitation phase, market
 interactions assert themselves over milieu characteristics because
 scientists know the value of their discoveries and there is accordingly
 high appropriability associated with such knowledge capabilities. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 757-763 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431032000121328 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431032000121328 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:7:p:757-763




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: MARYANN P. FELDMAN 
Author-X-Name-First: MARYANN P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: FELDMAN 
Author-Name: JOHANNA L. FRANCIS 
Author-X-Name-First: JOHANNA L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: FRANCIS 
Title: Fortune Favours the Prepared Region: The Case of Entrepreneurship and the Capitol Region Biotechnology Cluster 
Abstract:
  The US Capitol region ranks as one of the important biotech clusters in
 the US. This article documents the general dimensions of the innovative
 milieu and highlights the historical development of the cluster. The
 Capitol region biotechnology cluster, in essence, is the result of three
 reinforcing sets of factors: pre-existing resources, entrepreneurship and
 the incentives and infrastructure provided by government. Due to
 significant investments in science and technology the region was prepared
 to capitalize on technological opportunities in biotechnology as well as
 institutional policy changes that facilitated technology-based
 entrepreneurship. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 765-788 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431032000121337 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431032000121337 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:7:p:765-788




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: JORGE NIOSI 
Author-X-Name-First: JORGE 
Author-X-Name-Last: NIOSI 
Author-Name: TOMAS G. BAS 
Author-X-Name-First: TOMAS G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: BAS 
Title: Biotechnology Megacentres: Montreal and Toronto Regional Systems of Innovation 
Abstract:
  Canada hosts two major diversified biotechnology regional systems of
 innovation in its two largest cities. Similar in many respects, they
 display some particular characteristics. We review here the main theories
 on regional innovation systems and innovative clusters and proceed to
 analyse these two regional systems before concluding on the usefulness of
 several theories to study biotechnology regional innovation
 systems.&7Cspagf&7Cro&7Cepagf&7C 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 789-804 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431032000121346 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431032000121346 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:7:p:789-804




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: STEVEN CASPER 
Author-X-Name-First: STEVEN 
Author-X-Name-Last: CASPER 
Author-Name: ANASTASIOS KARAMANOS 
Author-X-Name-First: ANASTASIOS 
Author-X-Name-Last: KARAMANOS 
Title: Commercializing Science in Europe: The Cambridge Biotechnology Cluster 
Abstract:
  The article examines the variety of linkages firms have established with
 university science. These include using universities as a source of ideas
 for start-ups, scientific collaboration between firms and laboratories,
 the role of scientists on the scientific advisory boards of firms, and the
 role of universities in supplying firms with a labour market for talented
 scientists. These linkages are plentiful across Cambridge area
 biotechnology firms. However, and perhaps surprisingly, our evidence shows
 that a key actor, the University of Cambridge does not dominate the
 scientific linkages of the area's firms. A large percentage of Cambridge's
 firms do not derive from its university. The majority of scientific
 collaborations are not with University of Cambridge laboratories, nor do
 Cambridge scientists dominate the scientific advisory boards of firms.
 Moreover, the majority of scientists within area biotechnology firms
 appear not to have left University of Cambridge laboratories to move to
 industry. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 805-822 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431032000121355 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431032000121355 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:7:p:805-822




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: DAN KAUFMANN 
Author-X-Name-First: DAN 
Author-X-Name-Last: KAUFMANN 
Author-Name: DAFNA SCHWARTZ 
Author-X-Name-First: DAFNA 
Author-X-Name-Last: SCHWARTZ 
Author-Name: AMNON FRENKEL 
Author-X-Name-First: AMNON 
Author-X-Name-Last: FRENKEL 
Author-Name: DANIEL SHEFER 
Author-X-Name-First: DANIEL 
Author-X-Name-Last: SHEFER 
Title: The Role of Location and Regional Networks for Biotechnology Firms in Israel 
Abstract:
  This article presents results of a study of the Israeli biotechnology
 sector. The findings of the study show that despite the small geographical
 size of the country, the Israeli biotechnology industry tends to a great
 extent to cluster around leading research institutes. Based on a survey of
 109 high-tech projects, the study suggests that the relatively weak
 business background of the entrepreneurs, the fact that most of them have
 worked at research institutes and that most new biotechnology firms were
 originated from ideas that came out of universities or research
 institutes, can provide possible explanations for this geographical
 concentration. The research emphasizes the relative importance
 biotechnology entrepreneurs ascribe to networking, both in very early
 stages as well as in advanced stages of the firm development process. It
 is argued that although the focus of the network changes over time, both
 geographically and in content, its links to local research partners are
 maintained. It is suggested that earmarked regional support policies are
 crucial to the development of networks required by new biotechnology
 firms. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 823-840 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431032000121364 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431032000121364 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:7:p:823-840




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: ROBERT KAISER 
Author-X-Name-First: ROBERT 
Author-X-Name-Last: KAISER 
Title: Multi-level Science Policy and Regional Innovation: The Case of the Munich Cluster for Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 
Abstract:
  Knowledge-based industries tend to develop within regional or local
 clusters that allow for knowledge spillovers, the generation of a critical
 mass of complementary competencies and skills as for spatial proximity to
 academic organizations out of which many highly innovative firms have been
 founded. The prototype of that development certainly is the biotechnology
 industry which has emerged since the 1970s first in the US where
 especially small and medium-sized research companies have been established
 around leading science bases. Following the example of the US
 biotechnology industry, public policies in many industrialized countries
 aimed at stimulating cluster formation in biotechnology. This holds true
 especially for member states of the European Union (EU) where public
 policy initiatives have been initiated at different territorial levels.
 This article refers to the Munich pharmaceutical biotechnology cluster and
 applies institutional and organizational indicators that have been
 developed in various systemic analyses of technological development and
 innovation. It will be shown that reforms of the institutional environment
 in which the innovative organizations are embedded were crucial for the
 commercialization of biotechnological research in Germany. These reforms
 have occurred mostly at the regional and national level, whereas the EU
 played a role especially in establishing the regulatory framework for the
 biotechnology industry. Organizational indicators will be applied in order
 to assess the modes of knowledge production within the cluster. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 841-857 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431032000121373 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431032000121373 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:7:p:841-857




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: HELEN LAWTON SMITH 
Author-X-Name-First: HELEN 
Author-X-Name-Last: LAWTON SMITH 
Author-Name: PAUL TRACEY 
Author-X-Name-First: PAUL 
Author-X-Name-Last: TRACEY 
Author-Name: GORDON L. CLARK 
Author-X-Name-First: GORDON L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: CLARK 
Title: European Policy and the Regions: A Review and Analysis of Tensions 
Abstract:
  This article explores a series of tensions inherent in the series of
 European policies that are designed to improve the competitiveness of
 regions in the face of globalization. Its focus is the co-existence of
 interventionist policies intended to overcome problems of lagging regions
 such as cohesion policies and those, for example competition policy which
 are designed to remove barriers to market integration and that are
 anti-interventionist. Moreover, the changing relationship between the
 European Union (EU), member states and the regions and problems of how
 regions are defined complicate policy implementation. To review these
 issues, the article adopts an agent-centred approach to understanding
 economic behaviour in the face of globalization in particular geographical
 and sectoral contexts. This methodology is used to highlight five sources
 of tension relating to the reality of the experience of globalization.
 These are illustrated by evidence from a recently completed EU Fifth
 Framework Programme study of regional adjustment strategies and
 technological change in five European countries. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 859-873 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431032000121382 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431032000121382 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:7:p:859-873




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lina Kyrgiafini 
Author-X-Name-First: Lina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kyrgiafini 
Author-Name: Elena Sefertzi 
Author-X-Name-First: Elena 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sefertzi 
Title: Changing regional systems of innovation in Greece: the impact of regional innovation strategy initiatives in peripheral areas of Europe 
Abstract:
  In the context of convergence and cohesion between the European regions,
 the promotion of innovation in regions that are in different phases of
 development has been a central objective of European regional policy. For
 this purpose, the European Commission has launched many innovation schemes
 and many European regions have conducted initiatives of this kind. In this
 article, based on the implementation of successive European regional
 innovation projects in three Objective 1 regions in Greece, namely Central
 Macedonia, Western Macedonia and Thessaly, the trajectory and the changes
 that have occurred in their system of innovation are examined. At the
 outset, considering the outcomes of the first phase of the RTP/RIS
 exercise, the obstacles in forming these regions' dynamic innovation
 systems are identified. Thereafter, upon the outcomes of the follow-up
 exercise of RIS+projects, an imminent change in these regions is observed,
 highlighting the marking of an innovation-oriented policy addressed to
 create a supporting institutional framework and shaping the regional
 innovation environment. Based on these observations, it is argued that
 European regional policy, via these innovation schemes, has significantly
 contributed to the reinforcement of innovation systems of participating
 regions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 885-910 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431032000146114 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431032000146114 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:8:p:885-910




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Esben Holm Nielsen 
Author-X-Name-First: Esben Holm 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nielsen 
Author-Name: Kirsten Simonsen 
Author-X-Name-First: Kirsten 
Author-X-Name-Last: Simonsen 
Title: Scaling from &#x2018;below&#x2019;: practices, strategies and urban spaces 
Abstract:
  Over the last 10 years, scholars in human geography have been paying
 increasing attention to the social construction of scale. Most of this
 literature takes its starting point in discourses of globalization and the
 way in which re-definition of scales operates through global political
 economics. This article is starting from an acknowledgement of the value
 of the scale debate for the analysis of urban everyday life and urban
 politics. Briefly, we reconsider the debate, in particular emphasizing the
 urban question as a scale question. However, we also identify some
 shortcomings in the debate so far. Even though many authors forward a
 conception of scales as relational, it is argued, they are often caught in
 a &#x2018;hierarchical&#x2019; view of &#x2018;scaling from above&#x2019;.
 This is the background for an attempt to reverse the debate and consider
 the construction of urban spaces &#x2018;from below&#x2019;&#x2014;from
 the practices and strategies of &#x2018;ordinary&#x2019; people and
 organizations in the city. The interest in this article is how the
 diversity of everyday practices and politics interact with other scales in
 the construction of urban space. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 911-927 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431032000146123 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431032000146123 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefanie Du&#xA8;hr 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefanie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Du&#xA8;hr 
Title: Illustrating spatial policies in Europe 
Abstract:
  The visualisation of spatial policy options through maps and other
 cartographic illustrations can be very powerful both in the planning
 process and in communicating the key messages of planning strategies.
 However, experience from the &#x2018;European Spatial Development
 Perspective&#x2019; (ESDP) shows that visualisation can also be the most
 difficult aspect in transnational spatial planning processes. This paper
 explores the potential role of policy maps in communicating spatial
 policy, and the progress made so far in visualising spatial policies in
 European spatial planning. It suggests possible reasons for the
 difficulties on reaching agreement on the form and content of planning
 policy maps at EU and transnational levels. The paper goes on to discuss
 theories that might assist in improving performance in the use of
 cartographic visualisations in European spatial planning. The article
 concludes by highlighting the need for further research on the
 communicative potential of cartographic visualisations in European spatial
 planning. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 929-948 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431032000146132 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431032000146132 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:8:p:929-948




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Booth 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Booth 
Title: Promoting Radical Change: The <italic>Loi Relative a` la Solidarite&#xB4; et au Renouvellement Urbains</italic> in France 
Abstract:
  At the end of 2000, France enacted major reform of its planning system in
 the <italic>Loi relative a` la solidarite&#xB4; et au renouvellement
 urbains</italic> (Loi SRU). It presented a restructuring of the
 instruments of land-use planning and in addition carried sections that
 dealt with housing policy and urban transportation. It linked the
 preparation of plans to emerging forms of local government. Using
 Hampson's analysis of the causes of the French Revolution, this article
 identifies both the long-term structural weaknesses and the contingent
 decision-making of the previous decade that led to reform. It concludes
 that the Loi SRU is probably not as radical as it was promoted as being,
 but may nevertheless be instrumental in achieving evolutionary change.
 Avenues for future research are identified. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 949-963 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431032000146141 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431032000146141 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:8:p:949-963




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J&#xF8;rn Rognes 
Author-X-Name-First: J&#xF8;rn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rognes 
Author-Name: Per Ka&#x2DA;re Sky 
Author-X-Name-First: Per Ka&#x2DA;re 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sky 
Title: Intervention methods in land disputes 
Abstract:
  Archival data, survey and interviews were used to investigate mediation
 activities among judges in the Norwegian Land Consolidation Court. The
 court handles land issue disputes among farmers in rural Norway. Despite
 having both planning skill and court power the judges spend a considerable
 amount of time mediating the disputes. In fairly integrative planning
 disputes they increase their mediation efforts with conflict level, case
 size and complexity. Mediation helped to reduce objections to the plan
 implemented. In more distributive boundary disputes they mediated less,
 and to a lesser degree varied efforts with case characteristics. However,
 settlements were achieved in the less conflictive, smaller and less
 complex cases. Considerable variations in mediation styles were found
 among the judges. Those with settlement oriented behaviour achieved more
 settlements than those that focused on facilitating communication.
 Implications are discussed. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 965-978 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431032000146150 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431032000146150 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:8:p:965-978




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simin Davoudi 
Author-X-Name-First: Simin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Davoudi 
Title: EUROPEAN BRIEFING: Polycentricity in European spatial planning: from an analytical tool to a normative agenda 
Abstract:
  The notion of polycentricity is gaining widespread currency in both
 academic and professional debates. It has opened its way in the spatial
 policy documents of the European Union and member states alike, and has
 become one of the key components of the integrated spatial development
 strategy promoted by the European Spatial Development Perspective (ESDP).
 Whilst polycentricity is increasingly shaping the spatial policy
 discourses both in the Commission and in member states, the precise
 meaning of the term has remained elusive. The first two sections of this
 article aim to unpack the concept of polycentricity, trace its origin and
 its development and clarify the confusion over its multiple
 interpretations at various spatial scales. The third section of the
 article explains how the concept of polycentricity which has traditionally
 been used as an analytical tool to explain an existing or emerging reality
 is now increasingly being used to determine that reality. This is based on
 the analyses of the use of polycentricity within the European spatial
 planning framework and in particular the ESDP. Here, the article raises a
 number of questions regarding the promotion of the polycentric urban
 regions as one of the ESDP's key policy options for a balanced territorial
 development across Europe. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 979-999 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431032000146169 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431032000146169 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:8:p:979-999




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marian Rizov 
Author-X-Name-First: Marian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rizov 
Title: RESEARCH BRIEFING: EU accession and the Bulgarian real estate market 
Abstract:
  Accession of Bulgaria to the European Union (EU) is expected to result in
 an increase in the prices of all types of real estate as changes are
 expected to differ across the segments of the national real-estate market.
 Property prices have been influenced primarily by local demand, government
 policies and the perception that EU accession is promoting investment. It
 is likely that prices of flats will further differentiate, the market for
 office space will stabilize, the provision of infrastructure will
 importantly influence prices in holiday resorts and of industrial estates,
 and agricultural land prices will upsurge initially. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1001-1004 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 11 
Year: 2003 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431032000146178 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431032000146178 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:8:p:1001-1004




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alaric Maude  
Author-X-Name-First: Alaric 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maude  
Title: Regional development processes and policies in Australia: a review of research 1990--2002 
Abstract:
  This article offers a selective review of Australian research on regional
 development. The themes reviewed include divergence and convergence,
 resource dependent regional growth, the spatial centralization of the
 economy, spatial divisions, the social construction of regional identity
 and regional problems, differentiation between the capital cities and
 between rural areas, indigenous issues, the suburbanization versus
 centralization debate, the regional effects of economic reform, regional
 policy debates, and industry clusters. Australia illustrates regional
 development processes in a low population density, resource dependent,
 medium sized economy, managed by neo&#x2010;liberal economic policies and
 with limited government intervention in regional policy. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 3-26 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2002 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310310001635670 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310310001635670 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kevin O'Connor  
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin 
Author-X-Name-Last: O'Connor  
Author-Name: Ernest Healy  
Author-X-Name-First: Ernest 
Author-X-Name-Last: Healy  
Title: Rethinking suburban development in Australia: a Melbourne case study 
Abstract:
  This article considers suburban development in Australia through the lens
 of its second largest city, Melbourne. Contemporary urban policies have
 focussed on the low densities within Australia's capitals and tried to
 achieve sustainability through urban consolidation policies. The article
 argues that these policies are often based on a distorted understanding of
 the relationship between housing markets and labour markets in Australia's
 large metropolises. The analysis of suburban development in Melbourne
 shows that suburban development involves complex links between changes in
 housing and job location and that urban sustainability policy needs to
 include actions designed to change the distribution of employment as well
 as the location and density of housing. The article shows that the vast
 spread of the Melbourne population masks closely linked regional labour
 and housing markets. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 27-40 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2002 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310310001635698 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310310001635698 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:12:y:2002:i:1:p:27-40




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John R. Madden  
Author-X-Name-First: John R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Madden  
Title: The economic impact of national competition policy on Australian regions 
Abstract:
  Over the past 7 years Australia has been undergoing substantial economic
 reform under a collaborative Federal and State government programme known
 as national competition policy. These reforms have increased the nation's
 productivity and international competitiveness, and are generally held
 responsible for Australia's increased growth rate in gross domestic
 product (GDP) per capita over the past decade. However, the reforms have
 been carried out against a background of increased interregional
 disparities, to which the reform programme may have partly contributed. In
 this study we examine a number of Australian studies that have used
 computable general equilibrium modelling to uncover the regional economic
 consequences of national competition policy. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 41-56 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2002 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310310001635715 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310310001635715 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:12:y:2002:i:1:p:41-56




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Beer  
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Beer  
Title: On wine, rent and regions: labour market change and housing market processes in non&#x2010;metropolitan South Australia 
Abstract:
  This article reports on research into the relationship between labour
 market change and the private rental market in non&#x2010;metropolitan
 South Australia for the period 1990--2000. Using Small Area Labour Market
 data, Census data and records from the Residential Tenancy Tribunal the
 study investigates the capacity of the private rental market to respond to
 labour market and population growth. The article finds that there is
 considerable &#x2018;stickiness&#x2019; within the private rental market
 in regional South Australia and that there has been a limited supply
 response to changing levels of demand. This has contributed to housing and
 labour shortages in some regions and over supply in others. Each
 circumstance has generated considerable dilemmas for public policy. The
 reasons underlying the imperfect market response are considered and the
 implications for the future development of the regions are discussed. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 57-84 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2002 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310310001635724 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310310001635724 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:12:y:2002:i:1:p:57-84




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Collits  
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Collits  
Title: Policies for the future of regional Australia1 
Abstract:
  &#x2026;the rift between country and city is wider than at any time in
 the last 150 years. The rift is so wide that the return of rural and
 outback prosperity -- if by chance it does return -- will not quickly
 narrow the gap. For country grievances are not simply economic: the
 grievances are social and cultural. (Blainey, 2001) Recently I was talking
 to a journalist about country Australia and he asked if I was afraid of
 One Nation. I replied no, I was not afraid of One Nation, the political
 entity, but I was afraid of Australia becoming two nations. (Anderson,
 1999) The article reviews perceptions of regional problems in Australia
 and opposing views of regional policy. It argues that regional conditions
 vary widely and that much of non&#x2010;metropolitan Australia is not in
 decline, casting doubt on the existence of a divide and on arguments that
 the divide can, and should, be addressed by government. The article also
 argues that views on policy reflect perceptions of the nature and causes
 of regional problems, and of the capacity and desirability of government
 being involved in shaping regional outcomes. Current regional policy
 approaches, characterized by &#x2018;pragmatic incrementalism&#x2019;, are
 outlined and explained. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 85-97 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2002 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310310001635689 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310310001635689 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:12:y:2002:i:1:p:85-97




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Brian H. Roberts  
Author-X-Name-First: Brian H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Roberts  
Author-Name: Michael J. Enright  
Author-X-Name-First: Michael J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Enright  
Title: Industry clusters in Australia: recent trends and prospects 
Abstract:
  This article explores the phenomenon of industry clustering in Australia.
 It includes an overview of the factors that have shaped the historic and
 recent developments of clusters in Australia. Two philosophical approaches
 to clustering based on a whole of industry approach and regional
 facilitation are discussed. Four case studies are presented on the
 Australian wine industry, the Far North Queensland, North Adelaide and
 Hunter region clustering initiatives. The case studies represent different
 approaches to regional industry clustering in Australia. The conclusion to
 the article discusses future prospects for using clustering as a tool to
 foster regional economic development in Australia. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 99-121 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2002 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310310001635706 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310310001635706 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:12:y:2002:i:1:p:99-121




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tony Gore  
Author-X-Name-First: Tony 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gore  
Title: The open method of coordination and policy mainstreaming: the European employment strategy and regional conversion programmes in the UK 
Abstract:
  This article is a critical exploration of the issues raised by the
 attempt to integrate aims and concerns derived from one European Union
 (EU) policy domain into another. It does this via an examination of the
 ways in which the European Employment Strategy (EES) has been taken into
 account in the design and initial implementation of Structural Fund
 programmes in the 2000--2006 round. In particular, it examines the nature
 of this &#x2018;mainstreaming&#x2019; relationship in terms of the
 structures and mechanisms associated with current Objective 1 programmes
 operating in the UK. It maps out the vertical and horizontal linkages
 between European, national and regional levels, and assesses the extent to
 which strategic frameworks, programme guidance and programme content have
 successfully integrated EES considerations. The article concludes by
 identifying some implications for theories of European governance. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 123-141 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310310001635733 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310310001635733 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:12:y:2004:i:1:p:123-141




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ivo Mossig * 
Author-X-Name-First: Ivo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mossig * 
Title: The networks producing television programmes in the Cologne media cluster: new firm foundation, flexible specialization and efficient decision&#x2010;making structures 
Abstract:
   <italic>Based on the example of the production network of television
 (TV) programmes in Cologne's media cluster, this article will examine two
 aspects in order to obtain a deeper understanding of how localized
 production networks arise and how they function. First of all, the role of
 the founding of new firms within a localized production network will be
 analysed in detail. As a second step, the decision structures within the
 production network will be discussed. In this context the question arises
 as to how the parts of a particular production chain are linked together
 and how a smooth production flow can be guaranteed. The theoretical
 findings will be verified by an empirical study of the networks producing
 TV programmes in Cologne</italic>. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 155-171 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000183914 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000183914 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:12:y:2004:i:2:p:155-171




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Doloreux  
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Doloreux  
Title: Regional networks of small and medium sized enterprises: evidence from the Metropolitan Area of Ottawa in Canada1 
Abstract:
  Innovation is currently seen as a process which results from various
 interactions among different actors. Recent theories of innovation
 emphasize clusters and geographical proximity as loci of knowledge,
 development and exchange, critical to higher levels of innovation and
 regional growth. As a consequence, there is a territorial dimension to
 innovation. This article investigates the innovation activities and
 networking of 53 small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in Ottawa,
 Canada. Taking its point of departure from the proliferating literature on
 the localized nature of innovation processes, the article sets out to
 answer three empirical questions: How intensively are SMEs engaging in
 innovation activities? To what extent do they interact during innovation
 process activities? What is the relevance of spatial proximity in
 networking, and what is the relative importance of localized cooperation
 as compared to non&#x2010;localized cooperation. The results revealed SMEs
 rely as much on external networks of customers and suppliers, as they do
 on ones based in their own region, and that these are considerably more
 important, than other potential sources of ideas, to the innovation
 process within the firm. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 173-189 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2003 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000183923 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000183923 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rainer Danielzyk  
Author-X-Name-First: Rainer 
Author-X-Name-Last: Danielzyk  
Author-Name: Gerald Wood  
Author-X-Name-First: Gerald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wood  
Title: Innovative strategies of political regionalization: the case of North Rhine&#x2010;Westphalia 
Abstract:
  This article deals with two innovative public policy instruments
 instituted in North Rhine&#x2010;Westphalia (Germany) over the last two
 decades: the International Building Exhibition (IBA) Emscher Park and the
 regionalization of structural policies. Both instruments are characterized
 by the introduction of a greater flexibility, decentralization and new
 forms of organization as well as the integration of sectoral policies
 within the public sector. Paradoxically, these regionalized public
 policies have not been bottom&#x2010;up but rather top&#x2010;down. Their
 institution reflects the state's determination to show its ability to
 effect change despite the fact that overall structural changes in the
 economic and the political subsystems have severely curtailed public
 sector powers. The state demonstrates that aptitude by initiating diverse
 and case&#x2010;specific forms of restructuring the political apparatus.
 The article looks into the specific features of both policy instruments
 and tries to position the empirical evidence within the current debate on
 the shift in importance between various planning levels in Europe. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 191-207 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2003 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000183932 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000183932 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:12:y:2003:i:2:p:191-207




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simone Abram 
Author-X-Name-First: Simone 
Author-X-Name-Last: Abram 
Author-Name: Richard Cowell * 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cowell * 
Title: Learning policy&#x2014;the contextual curtain and conceptual barriers 
Abstract:
  Many European states are now giving attention to strategic planning as a
 means of coordinating and democratizing local government. The UK
 government is not alone in seeing some form of &#x2018;community
 planning&#x2019; as a means of promoting closer sectoral integration in
 policy&#x2010;making and service delivery while also encouraging public
 participation. This suggests scope for comparative research to inform
 lesson drawing, especially from Norway, which has been rolling out
 kommuneplan at the municipality level since 1985. Cross&#x2010;national
 lesson&#x2010;drawing is hazardous, however, given the different legal,
 political and cultural traditions which make policies &#x2018;work&#x2019;
 in particular local settings. In this article these difficulties are
 acknowledged and ethnographic research is used to explore further problems
 in lesson&#x2010;drawing, especially the very different ways in which
 concepts of participation and integration are given meaning in particular
 national contexts. Through comparative ethnographies of community planning
 processes in Asker Municipality, Norway, and South Lanarkshire Council,
 Scotland, remarkable similarities are revealed in the language and
 objectives of the planning documents in each setting, but show that this
 belies important differences in the relations between administrative and
 political domains, in the governing role of plan statements, and in the
 underlying theories of democracy. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 209-228 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2003 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000183941 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000183941 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:12:y:2003:i:2:p:209-228




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Oleg Golubchikov  
Author-X-Name-First: Oleg 
Author-X-Name-Last: Golubchikov  
Title: Urban planning in Russia: towards the market 
Abstract:
  The article discusses the recent transformation of the Russian system of
 urban planning from the socialist system to a market one. The focus is on
 new problems of the Russian planning system, the relationship between the
 new and old systems, and the role of the bureaucracy and participation. A
 case study of the city of Moscow develops the subject at a metropolitan
 level. It is argued that Russian planning in transition has been planning
 in crisis and it is only now becoming an effective and pluralistic social
 institution. The recent revival of planning has been much dependent on
 Russia's regions; a diversification of planning systems throughout the
 country is expected. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 229-247 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2003 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000183950 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000183950 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:12:y:2003:i:2:p:229-247




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Boland  
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boland  
Title: Wales and objective 1 status: learning the lessons or emulating the errors? 
Abstract:
  West Wales and the Valleys is approaching the mid&#x2010;way point of its
 European funded Objective 1 programme&#x2014;the highest form of
 Structural Fund aid for the Union's economically and socially
 &#x2018;lagging&#x2019; regions. Objective 1 has afforded Wales the tools
 to develop an economic regeneration strategy aimed at improving the
 performance of the western part of the Welsh economy, and combating the
 country's entrenched pockets of economic and social disadvantage. However,
 after three years there are some important structural and implementation
 problems facing those managing Objective 1 in Wales, specifically in terms
 of the governance of the programme and resource allocation. This paper
 draws out these key issues by tracing the main fault lines in the design
 and delivery of the programme, and also offers some critical assessment of
 the initial economic impact of Objective 1. In short, this paper argues
 that Wales has shown little evidence of learning the lessons from other
 Objective 1 regions, but has been rather more adept at emulating the
 errors found elsewhere. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 249-270 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000183969 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000183969 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:12:y:2004:i:2:p:249-270




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elisabete A. Silva  
Author-X-Name-First: Elisabete A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Silva  
Title: Research briefing 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 271-274 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000183978 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000183978 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:12:y:2004:i:2:p:271-274




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan Kr&#xE4;tke  
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kr&#xE4;tke  
Author-Name: Peter J. Taylor  
Author-X-Name-First: Peter J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor  
Title: A world geography of global media cities 
Abstract:
  This is an empirical study that analyses the geography of 33 global media
 firms through their locations in 284 cities across the world. The analyses
 are set within the world cities literature and a methodology is used that
 searches out city networks from data on firms to define &#x2018;global
 media cities&#x2019;. Resulting definitions of network connectivities
 allow comparisons to be made with more familiar world city network results
 on global service centres. The relative importance of media industries in
 European cities is highlighted. The main analysis uses a principal
 components model to discover global media fields centred upon specific
 articulator cities, notably New York, Los Angeles, Munich, Berlin, London
 and Paris. It is concluded that there is a geographical logic to the
 growth of large media companies. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 459-477 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2003 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000212731 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000212731 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:12:y:2003:i:4:p:459-477




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gene Desfor  
Author-X-Name-First: Gene 
Author-X-Name-Last: Desfor  
Author-Name: John J&#xF8;rgensen 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: J&#xF8;rgensen 
Title: Flexible urban governance. The case of Copenhagen's recent waterfront development 
Abstract:
  In this paper, the most recent wave of Copenhagen's waterfront
 development is analyzed and interpreted in the context of broader economic
 tendencies and political strategies. Recent events illuminate
 relationships among politicians, bureaucrats and capital to regulate an
 accumulation process that is highly intertwined with international,
 national as well as urban interests. Beginning in the late 1980s, the
 national state, the local state and the port authority, undertook a number
 of planning and policy initiatives to create a process for transforming
 Copenhagen's waterfront. When contradictions from the logic of profit
 maximization became apparent and threatened to de&#x2010;rail long term
 economic growth, a new ad hoc and &#x2018;flexible&#x2019; process of
 urban governance was established to get development back on track. Senior
 politicians created a so&#x2010;called &#x2018;Vision Group&#x2019; that
 functioned as a &#x2018;meta&#x2010;steering&#x2019; committee providing
 direction to local development by identifying a development approach that
 attempted to resolve, at least temporarily, tensions among global market
 tendencies and the interests of the main actors. In this way, the Vision
 Group achieved its political purpose to create a shared vision and a
 discourse for the development of the waterfront. The new strategy was
 effective at various scales of governance, but circumvented local planning
 practices. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 479-496 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2003 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000212740 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000212740 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:12:y:2003:i:4:p:479-496




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Darrin Bayliss  
Author-X-Name-First: Darrin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bayliss  
Title: Creative planning in Ireland: the role of culture&#x2010;led development in Irish planning 
Abstract:
  This paper attempts to close specific gaps in our understanding of
 practice and policy concerning culture, planning and development in
 Ireland. This is a nation in which the development and planning impacts of
 cultural policy are of increasing importance, yet the state of knowledge
 of policy and infrastructure remains underdeveloped. The paper begins by
 charting the evolution of culture&#x2010;led development in Western Europe
 over the last few decades, highlighting the emergence of culture as a
 central element in both economic and social development strategies. The
 paper then focuses upon Ireland, reviewing the nation's rich cultural and
 especially musical heritage, and the direct economic impacts of this.
 Detailing the successful mobilization of this heritage in search of
 tourism, the recent incorporation of culture into strategic planning and
 development initiatives, and the links between culture and development in
 Dublin, Cork and Galway, the paper concludes that Ireland is in a strong
 position to avail itself of the positive social and economic impacts of
 planning for culture and creativity. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 497-515 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2003 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000212759 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000212759 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:12:y:2003:i:4:p:497-515




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Pacione  
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pacione  
Title: Household growth, housing demand and new settlements in Scotland 
Abstract:
  The question of how and where to accommodate the increasing number of
 households in Scotland represents a major challenge for policy makers and
 planners at the beginning of the twenty&#x2010;first century. The present
 research identifies the projected level and geographical incidence of
 household growth and housing demand in Scotland, identifies the principal
 alternative options for urban development and, within the context of the
 current policy and planning environment, assesses the potential
 contribution of a new settlement strategy to meet the challenge of urban
 development in contemporary Scotland. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 517-535 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2003 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000212768 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000212768 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:12:y:2003:i:4:p:517-535




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adelheid Holl  
Author-X-Name-First: Adelheid 
Author-X-Name-Last: Holl  
Title: The r&#xF4;le of transport in firms' spatial organization: evidence from the Spanish food processing industry 
Abstract:
  This paper explores the role of transport in the spatial organization of
 food processing firms in Spain. A framework is developed through the
 analysis of the various mechanisms by which transport affects firms, and
 the identification of key elements and recent trends in spatial firm
 organization. Empirical evidence from interviews suggests that with modern
 logistic strategies transport is becoming more important. In a
 time&#x2010;based competitive environment, transport plays an important
 role in efforts to reduce delivery times, and increase reliability and
 flexibility in deliveries, as well as customer responsiveness. Not only
 does transport influence firms' location decisions, but also by adjusting
 to transport improvements firms are found to reconfigure their spatial
 organization. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 537-550 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2003 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000212777 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000212777 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:12:y:2003:i:4:p:537-550




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mehmet Ali Y&#xFC;zer  
Author-X-Name-First: Mehmet Ali 
Author-X-Name-Last: Y&#xFC;zer  
Title: Growth estimations in settlement planning using a land use cellular automata model (LUCAM)* 
Abstract:
  This article describes the main features of a Land Use Cellular Automata
 Model (LUCAM) developed within the scope a Ph.D. thesis by using both
 physical and socio&#x2010;economic data and on the basis of the
 relationships between the smallest cellular function and other functions
 that vary according to the fractal structure of settlements. An assessment
 of the research findings is also included. The article has five sections:
 Following the introduction, the evolution of land use models, in
 particular Cellular Automata (CA) based land use models, is described.
 Then, the main features of LUCAM are presented, and the basics of the
 criteria used in determining the model parameters is described. The model
 developed, which can easily be used in computer environments, aims to
 minimize the calculation time in growth estimation processes, and thus
 become a widely used tool. In this article, the model was applied to the
 settlement of Bursa (Turkey), and the results obtained were assessed. The
 conclusion section offers general guidelines on the use of the model and
 discusses the advantages of employing the model in CA based studies that
 are likely to emerge in the future. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 551-561 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2003 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000212786 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000212786 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: George A. Georgiou  
Author-X-Name-First: George A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Georgiou  
Author-Name: Yiannis Psycharis 
Author-X-Name-First: Yiannis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Psycharis 
Title: European briefing 
Abstract:
  The objective of this article is to shed light on the main financial
 elements related to the last enlargement of the European Union (EU), which
 is the largest in its history. In their methodological assessment and
 analysis the authors identify the main financial impacts, in terms of
 trade flows, and also expenditures and contributions to the EU budget,
 while they make estimations for financing needs of main EU policies in the
 light of the next financial framework. Negotiations of the next financial
 framework for the EU, are going to be difficult, especially with ten new
 Member States joining in 2004. The authors are of the opinion that the
 financial pressures and also the need to sufficiently finance EU policies
 constitute the main factors which will determine the functions of the EU
 financial system in future. Enlargement poses also a severe challenge for
 EU structural and cohesion policies, the implications of which should be
 considered in designing the actions of the new financial framework from
 2007 onwards. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 563-584 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000212795 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000212795 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:12:y:2004:i:4:p:563-584




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vedia Dokmeci  
Author-X-Name-First: Vedia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dokmeci  
Author-Name: Evren Ozus 
Author-X-Name-First: Evren 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ozus 
Title: Research briefing 
Abstract:
  Although pharmacies play an important role in providing information and
 advice on health issues to lower income people in developing countries,
 the distribution of urban pharmacies is not balanced with respect to
 population distribution in some of the districts of Istanbul. This
 situation can severely limit the accessibility of pharmacy services to the
 people with lower socio&#x2010;economic background. A multiple regression
 analysis is used in order to find out the factors which affect the spatial
 distribution of pharmacies in Istanbul. The number of pharmacies in the
 districts considered is taken as the dependent variable and the number of
 hospital beds, physicians, population, employment, income, number of
 educated people and distance to the CBD are taken as independent
 variables. According to the results, the population of the districts and
 the number of educated people, physicians and hospital beds are the most
 important factors affecting the location of pharmacies in Istanbul. The
 other variables are not found significant in affecting the location of
 pharmacies at the metropolitan level. Suggestions are made for better
 distribution of pharmacies and for further research. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 585-594 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000212803 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000212803 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:12:y:2004:i:4:p:585-594




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Frans Boekema 
Author-X-Name-First: Frans 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boekema 
Author-Name: Roel Rutten 
Author-X-Name-First: Roel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rutten 
Title: Knowledge, networks and proximity: An embeddedness perspective 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 603-605 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000219969 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000219969 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:12:y:2004:i:5:p:603-605




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: EIKE W. SCHAMP 
Author-X-Name-First: EIKE W. 
Author-X-Name-Last: SCHAMP 
Author-Name: BERND RENTMEISTER 
Author-X-Name-First: BERND 
Author-X-Name-Last: RENTMEISTER 
Author-Name: VIVIEN LO 
Author-X-Name-First: VIVIEN 
Author-X-Name-Last: LO 
Title: Dimensions of proximity in knowledge-based networks: The cases of investment banking and automobile design 
Abstract:
  The competitiveness of firms and regions is increasingly dependent on
 their capabilities to organise knowledge processes that unfold between
 different knowledge providers. In this article it is argued that this
 knowledge management in networks is a cognitive process that uses
 different dimensions of proximity. As much of the knowledge required is
 'tacit' in character, 'embedded' social interaction becomes crucial. There
 are, however, conflicts of interest in business networks. The organisation
 of knowledge processes thus becomes a complex governance task that depends
 to a large extent on the characteristics of the learning processes of the
 sectors involved. This paper offers some empirical evidence from the
 service sector with the case of M&A activities and from the manufacturing
 sector with the case of automobile design. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 607-624 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000219978 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000219978 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:12:y:2004:i:5:p:607-624




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Cooke 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke 
Title: Regional knowledge capabilities, embeddedness of firms and industry organisation: Bioscience megacentres and economic geography 
Abstract:
  Changes in epistemology in biosciences are generating important spatial
 effects. The most notable of these is the emergence of a few 'Bioscience
 Megacentres' for basic and applied bioscience medical and clinical
 research (molecular, post-genomic, proteomics, etc.), biotechnology
 research, training in these and related fields, academic entrepreneurship
 and commercial exploitation by clusters of 'drug discovery' start-up and
 spin-off companies, along with specialist venture capital and other
 innovation system support services. Large pharmaceutical firms that used
 to lead such knowledge generation and exploitation processes are becoming
 increasingly dependent upon innovative drug solutions produced in such
 clusters, and megacentres are now the predominant source of such
 commercial knowledge. 'Big pharma' is seldom at the heart of megacentres
 such as those the paper will argue are found in about four locations each
 in the USA and Europe, but remains important for some risk capital
 ('milestone payments'), marketing, and distribution of drugs discovered.
 The embedding of these processes also creates major new regional
 disparities, which some regional governances have recognised, causing them
 to develop responsibilities for regional science policy and funding to
 offset spatial biases intrinsic in traditional national (and in the EU,
 supranational) research funding regimes. Responses follow a variety of
 models ranging from market-following to both regionalised (decentralising
 by the centre) and 'regionalist' (ground-up); in each case, the role of
 megacentres is justified in health terms. But their role in assisting
 fulfilment of regional economic growth visions is also clearly perceived
 and pronounced in policy terms. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 625-641 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000219987 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000219987 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:12:y:2004:i:5:p:625-641




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Lambooy 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lambooy 
Title: The transmission of knowledge, emerging networks, and the role of universities: An evolutionary approach 
Abstract:
  Research organizations within enterprises and universities are part of a
 (regional) innovation system (RIS). An important question concerns the
 nature of the relation between an RIS and regional economic growth. To be
 more specific: how to organize the transfer of information and knowledge?
 How is this related to embeddedness? Networks are organizational
 configurations that perform two functions: co-ordination and transmission.
 Both are important for the generation and transfer of knowledge. Networks
 consist of 'nodes', 'connections' and 'intensities of transfer'. Firms can
 be conceived of as 'nodes' consisting of 'bundles' of functions, forms of
 organizations, and technologies. Different parts of firms can participate
 differently in different networks. The transfer of knowledge is only one
 aspect of the functioning of firms and networks. Relations between firms
 are not static; 'embedded relational dynamics' would be a better
 description. The changing 'selection environment' requires the continuous
 adjustment of 'nodes', which in turn influence the connections and the
 intensities. Networks develop as 'emergent and embedded structures' with
 new varieties of innovation. Planning is an exception. Competition, the
 heterogeneous distribution of knowledge, and the diffusion of innovation
 are the prime movers of relations, resulting in economic growth. The
 structure of a network and its dynamics influence the diffusion of
 innovation. The precise nature of the transfer of information and
 knowledge also depends on the technology trajectory, the stage of a
 particular technological development path, and the nature of embeddedness.
 Universities can be important 'nodes' in the emerging innovation networks,
 in particular as 'producers' of human capital. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 643-657 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000219996 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000219996 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roel Rutten 
Author-X-Name-First: Roel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rutten 
Title: Inter-firm knowledge creation: A re-appreciation of embeddedness from a relational perspective 
Abstract:
  Embeddedness studies often follow a structural approach, arguing, for
 example, that long-term relations are necessary for trust to develop. A
 case study of the Dutch company Océ shows that such need not be the case.
 Taking the process of knowledge creation as the starting-point of
 analysis, this can be explained. However, it is the content of network
 relations, what is going on inside them, that needs to be examined rather
 than their structure. This approach is more in line with Granovetter's
 original embeddedness argument. After all, it is not the fact that actors
 are embedded that matters, but how this affects their actions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 659-673 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000220002 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000220002 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tobias G&#xF6;ssling 
Author-X-Name-First: Tobias 
Author-X-Name-Last: G&#xF6;ssling 
Title: Proximity, trust and morality in networks 
Abstract:
  Network interaction is embedded in social settings, which allows for the
 development of trust. Trust is supposed to be an efficient functional
 equivalent of contracts, guarantees, insurances, safeguards, etc. Trust
 between actors reduces transaction costs. However, trust cannot be
 introduced and enforced within interaction relationships. It is argued
 that trust is more likely to occur and to be prevalent when actors have
 the spatial capability for personal, direct interaction. Thus, proximity
 and trust are supposed to be positively related to each other. Proximity
 is strongly interrelated with embeddedness. In the discussion about
 morality in organisations, there is an assumption we referred to as the
 'moral spill-over effect': it is impossible, it is said, to restrict moral
 competencies and moral behaviour to one particular situation, environment,
 or topic. However, we argue that, even though trust is a term that is
 described in moral theory, trust and morality are not necessarily
 positively correlated. This means that even if embeddedness and proximity
 in a network lead to an increase of trust between network partners, it
 does not necessarily produce moral spill-over effects. Thus, proximity and
 morality do not necessarily have to be positively correlated with each
 other. The influence of proximity on morality can be positive or negative,
 depending on the social surrounding in which network collaboration is
 embedded. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 675-689 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000220011 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000220011 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ben Dankbaar 
Author-X-Name-First: Ben 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dankbaar 
Title: Embeddedness, context, proximity and control 
Abstract:
  In this paper, we discuss the notion of embeddedness in relation to
 knowledge and knowledge processes. We distinguish embeddedness in terms of
 institutional contexts, in terms of clusters and networks, and in terms of
 spatial proximity. An overview of empirical cases of knowledge processes
 leads to the conclusion that spatial proximity is not inherently important
 to these processes. Spatial concentration of knowledge processes may
 nevertheless occur for other reasons. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 691-701 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000220020 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000220020 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marco Bontje 
Author-X-Name-First: Marco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bontje 
Title: Sustainable new economic centres in European metropolitan regions: A stakeholders' perspective 
Abstract:
  In many European metropolitan regions, new economic centres have emerged
 at the edge of large cities or in their (post-)suburban areas. This paper
 explores the possible contribution of these new centres to a more
 sustainable regional development of European metropolitan regions. The
 realization of sustainable business parks is even more complicated at
 'greenfield' sites than at 'brownfield' sites. With the absence of space
 scarcity or congestion problems, the temptation to choose easier, less
 sustainable solutions is hard to resist. Nevertheless, in the Dutch
 Randstad region, some edge-city and suburban business locations try to
 meet high sustainability standards. Two case studies in Hoofddorp and
 Almere illustrate the tough road towards truly sustainable business parks,
 focusing on the role of the various stakeholders that either encourage or
 discourage the realization of sustainability potentials. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 703-722 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000220039 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000220039 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dr. Nilgun Ergun 
Author-X-Name-First: Dr. Nilgun 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ergun 
Author-Name: Bulent Dundar 
Author-X-Name-First: Bulent 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dundar 
Title: Functional change as an indicator of transformation near the old city centre of Istanbul 
Abstract:
  Over time, the residential areas close to city centres have experienced
 change in their function and social structure. In Istanbul a functional
 and social change is also observed, especially in the residential
 buildings near the historical city centre. This study investigated this
 process of transformation through a research project conducted in the
 southern part of the Istanbul Historical Peninsula (old city centre) and
 documents the recent functional changes in this district. It also
 considers the role of tourism in the process of inner city transformation.
 On the basis of the data collected during the study, proposals are
 forwarded for the future development of the area. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 723-738 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000220048 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000220048 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martina Fromhold-Eisebith 
Author-X-Name-First: Martina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fromhold-Eisebith 
Title: Innovative milieu and social capital&#x2014;complementary or redundant concepts of collaboration-based regional development?* 
Abstract:
  Currently, several theoretical concepts emphasise the importance of
 socially embedded collaboration for innovation driven regional
 development. For instance, the notions of innovative milieu and social
 capital both focus on this factor of economic success. This raises the
 question of whether they should be regarded as redundant or complementary,
 the latter case allowing their purposive combination. This article
 supports the second view and discusses significant distinctions between
 the two notions, apart from consistencies. The example of the German
 'technology region' of Aachen, which has been undergoing substantial
 industrial restructuring based on regional collaboration, serves to
 underpin the theoretical arguments. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 747-765 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000251846 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000251846 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rolf Sternberg 
Author-X-Name-First: Rolf 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sternberg 
Author-Name: Timo Litzenberger 
Author-X-Name-First: Timo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Litzenberger 
Title: Regional clusters in Germany--their geography and their relevance for entrepreneurial activities 
Abstract:
  The aim of this paper is to identify regions with industrial clusters in
 Germany and to analyse their entrepreneurial environment. A new index
 employing industry data supplied from the German Federal Labour Office is
 used to elaborate on spatial clusters in the most concentrated German
 industries. A second data set collected as part of the Global
 Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM), serves to assess the relationship between
 regional clusters and entrepreneurial activities and attitudes. The paper
 tests the rather popular but hitherto seldomly empirically-proven
 hypothesis that the existence of one or several industrial cluster(s) in a
 region has a positive impact on the number of start-ups and attitudes in
 the very same region. The implications of the findings with respect to
 regional policies encouraging industrial clusters are discussed briefly in
 the concluding section. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 767-791 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000251855 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000251855 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Evert-Jan Visser 
Author-X-Name-First: Evert-Jan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Visser 
Author-Name: Ron Boschma 
Author-X-Name-First: Ron 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boschma 
Title: Learning in districts: Novelty and lock-in in a regional context 
Abstract:
  This paper deals with the constraints and risks of learning in different
 types of spatial concentration of related industries and firms. We aim at
 a better understanding of what makes the difference between local lock-in
 on the one hand and ongoing creation of novelty on the other. To achieve
 this purpose, we use <italic>Nonaka and Takeuchi's (1995)</italic>
 treatment of knowledge conversion processes and <italic>Nooteboom's
 (2000)</italic> cycle of discovery. Hence, we are able to clarify the
 concept and nature of learning, which in turn provides a basis for
 specifying different learning effects of two prototypes of spatial
 concentration: Marshallian and dynamic industrial districts. We show that
 these two types of industrial districts have multiple, different, and
 complementary functions in terms of knowledge conversion and knowledge
 creation. Hence, we can explain why spatial concentration can have
 positive and negative effects for learning and innovation, and how lock-in
 can be avoided. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 793-808 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000251864 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000251864 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris van Egeraat 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris van 
Author-X-Name-Last: Egeraat 
Author-Name: David Jacobson 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jacobson 
Title: The rise and demise of the Irish and Scottish computer hardware industry 
Abstract:
  This paper examines the dynamics of the computer hardware industry in
 Ireland and Scotland in a global context, from its inception in the late
 1950s to the present. It provides a detailed account of plant openings and
 closures in both the system assembly and the component manufacturing
 segment. It describes the development of the computer hardware industry
 from mainframe assembly, through minicomputer assembly to microcomputer
 assembly and the shift of system assembly and component production
 activity to the Far East and Eastern Europe since the mid-1990s. The
 developments are analysed in terms of <italic>Schoenberger's
 (1997)</italic> model of concentrated deconcentration in the context of
 time-based-competition. It is shown that the model, with substantial
 qualification, fits the developments since the 1980s. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 809-834 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000251873 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000251873 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fumi Kitagawa 
Author-X-Name-First: Fumi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kitagawa 
Title: Universities and regional advantage: Higher education and innovation policies in English regions 
Abstract:
  This paper examines the links developing between universities and their
 regions as observed in the UK. It highlights interactions between public
 policy and institutional behaviour in a multi-level governance (MLG)
 structure at sub-national, national and European levels. Different
 strategic processes of networking between universities and the developing
 links with the Regional Development Agencies (RDAs) in nine English
 regions are illustrated, in light of the recent government policies which
 influence the resources and strategies of universities. Universities' wide
 range of activities and strategies at different geographical levels need
 to be strategically incorporated as part of regional innovation systems. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 835-852 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000251882 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000251882 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Silvio Goglio 
Author-X-Name-First: Silvio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Goglio 
Title: Crime, collective action and development 
Abstract:
  Starting from a definition of criminal activity for economic purposes
 broader than the criminological concept of economic crime, and from an
 assessment of its empirical importance, the article considers: 1) the
 relationship between criminal behaviour and economic behaviour, on the
 hypothesis that criminal activity can in large part be viewed as a
 component of the broader category of economic activity;the negative
 effects of crime on the performance of markets and economic systems; The
 basic hypothesis is that when the social damage caused by crime is
 assessed, and consequently when the suitability and extent of punitive
 action is evaluated, the costs/benefits analysis must be extended to
 include the structural repercussions of crime on collective action and on
 the supply of public goods. This signifies that a substantial part of the
 harmful effects of crime affects the long-term competitiveness of local
 areas or systems, in particular by acting on the so-called non-material
 production factors, such as human capital, social capital and
 entrepreneurship. This consequence is particularly serious where the
 organized crime is able to exert control over a given territory and
 influence its patterns of development. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 853-869 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000251891 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000251891 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kevin Morgan 
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morgan 
Title: Sustainable regions: Governance, innovation and scale 
Abstract:
  This article seeks, first, to respond to some of the more pertinent
 points raised in the 'new regionalism' debate, like how 'regions' are
 constituted and how the 'regional scale' relates to other scales in what I
 call the 'multi-level polity' in the European Union. Second, it explores
 the potential of regional innovation strategies in the context of less
 favoured regions and argues that they have an important role to play in
 regional renewal even though their impact to date has been modest.
 Finally, it suggests that the most limiting aspect of the 'new
 regionalism' debate is that virtually all contributions tend to confine
 themselves to an inordinately narrow metric of development and, wittingly
 or not, this tends to conflate what is instrumentally significant with
 what is intrinsically significant, a conflation of means and ends 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 871-889 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000251909 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000251909 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stuart Rosenfeld 
Author-X-Name-First: Stuart 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rosenfeld 
Title: Art and design as competitive advantage: A creative enterprise cluster in the Western United States 
Abstract:
  The creative enterprise cluster consists of companies that take their
 principal competitive advantage from a distinctive appearance, form,
 content, or sound that they embed or embody in their products or services.
 They include large numbers of micro-enterprises, freelancers, and design
 manufacturers, which loosely comprise a 'creative enterprise cluster'. The
 US state of Montana has such a cluster. It includes artisan firms, native
 American businesses, freelancers, and design manufacturers, many of which
 are included in government business databases. Montana's biodiversity, low
 population density, independent lifestyle, and cultural heritage have
 drawn large numbers of creative enterprises and entrepreneurs, which have
 led to support network of associations, cooperatives, galleries,
 suppliers, and educators. A study of the cluster for the Montana
 Governor's office(1) led to a number of recommendations that included
 recognizing recognition as economic development, increasing emphasis on
 arts and design in education, forming local and international marketing
 networks, establishing specialized business service centres, and matching
 artists with manufacturers. As a result, the state selected this cluster
 for further targeted support and development. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 891-904 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000251918 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000251918 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Cooke  
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke  
Title: Special issue: globalisation of biotechnology 
Abstract:
  While conventional wisdom suggests that not all regions can have
 biotechnology, many national science policies target it as a future growth
 sector. The evidence here presented shows that cluster&#x2010;building
 strategies are working and new clusters are emerging on a global basis.
 Particular growth areas include Asia and Eastern Europe. Two papers in
 this follow&#x2010;up Special Issue on the subject after that published in
 Volume 12, No. 7 (October) 2003 anatomise growth prospects there. Two
 others focus on developments in the UK and Canada, both of which are
 leading bioscience research and commercialisation economies. The final
 paper shows how international cross&#x2010;border clustering is happening
 in Scandinavia. Each paper reveals that while biotechnology appears a
 rather narrow field, its applications are so wide in health,
 agro&#x2010;food, energy and environmental sectors that it is becoming a
 core competence across a substantial segment of the modern economy. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 915-920 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000267821 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000267821 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Finegold 1 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Finegold 1 
Author-Name: Poh&#x2010;Kam Wong 2 
Author-X-Name-First: Poh&#x2010;Kam 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wong 2 
Author-Name: Tsui&#x2010;Chern Cheah 3 
Author-X-Name-First: Tsui&#x2010;Chern 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheah 3 
Title: Adapting a foreign direct investment strategy to the knowledge economy: the case of Singapore's emerging biotechnology cluster 
Abstract:
  The Singapore Government has identified biotechnology as one of the four
 pillars of the economy for the twenty&#x2010;first century. For the last
 forty years, Singapore has pursued a very successful economic growth
 strategy of attracting investment from leading multinationals through a
 combination of financial incentives, world&#x2010;class infrastructure, a
 highly literate workforce and a business&#x2010;friendly regulatory
 environment. In the biotechnology industry worldwide, however, the typical
 development pattern has been very different: new start&#x2010;up companies
 backed by venture capitalists clustered around leading research
 universities. This article examines the development of the biotechnology
 cluster in Singapore, showing how a modified version of Singapore's
 traditional growth model is co&#x2010;existing with a more typical
 biotechnology development pattern. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 921-941 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2003 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000267830 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000267830 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Garri Raagmaa  
Author-X-Name-First: Garri 
Author-X-Name-Last: Raagmaa  
Author-Name: Priit Tamm  
Author-X-Name-First: Priit 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tamm  
Title: An emerging biomedical business in a low capitalised country 
Abstract:
  This paper focuses on the description of an emerging biomedical business
 in an old university town Tartu, Estonia. The case can be considered
 rather unique as far as new high&#x2010;tech industries are normally
 developed in rich regions with high human and venture capital. Firstly, we
 identify very basic theoretical and methodological principles for this
 study. We continue with a general statistical data analysis of biomedical
 business in Estonia and Tartu. Thirdly, we examine the local business
 environment. Finally, we follow the institutional set&#x2010;up of R&D
 support structures and the activities of universities in creating new
 spin&#x2010;off companies. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 943-960 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000267849 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000267849 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sharmistha Bagchi&#x2010;Sen  
Author-X-Name-First: Sharmistha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bagchi&#x2010;Sen  
Author-Name: Jennifer L. Scully 
Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scully 
Title: The Canadian environment for innovation and business development in the biotechnology industry: a firm&#x2010;level analysis 
Abstract:
  This paper is an empirical study of firm&#x2010;specific characteristics
 in the Canadian biotechnology sector. The research context examines the
 national system of innovation and regional infrastructure in place for the
 biotechnology industry. Literature on the Canadian biotechnology industry
 is not as extensive as studies on the US biotechnology industry. The
 current analysis shows that the Canadian sector is innovative and outward
 looking. One group of firms is more research oriented and the other is
 more product/process oriented. The first group emphasises the need to
 expand their science base through increased funding including inward
 foreign investment. The second group emphasises organisational needs such
 as improved feedback from product development and manufacturing to R&D;
 the development of manufacturing capabilities; the need to find new
 Canadian buyers; and the internationalisation of R&D through outward
 foreign direct investment. Place&#x2010;specific characteristics matter to
 the process of innovation and commercialisation for both groups: firms
 with high levels of R&D intensity seek access to scientists, universities,
 pharmaceutical companies and funding. Firms with low levels of R&D
 intensity seek access to manufacturing facilities and customers. An
 analysis of geographic or sectoral variation in strategies could not be
 accomplished due to data limitations. However, the results show the
 importance of Canadian participation in the internationalisation of
 innovation and commercialisation of biotechnology products. Such a trend
 needs to be considered in Canada's international negotiations pertaining
 to policies and regulations of international trade and investment (both
 inward and outward foreign direct investment) in biotechnology products. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 961-983 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2003 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000267867 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000267867 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Helen Lawton Smith  
Author-X-Name-First: Helen Lawton 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith  
Title: The biotechnology industry in Oxfordshire: enterprise and innovation 
Abstract:
  This paper presents a case study of one of the most intensive
 biotechnology clusters in Europe, Oxfordshire. Its purpose is to examine
 patterns of development, focusing on the interplay between the
 characteristics of the industry and its firms, the UK's national
 innovation system and the locality. It reviews what can be learnt about
 how this concentration of activity functions by using data from a recently
 completed study of the Oxfordshire biotech industry. It focuses on the
 rise of entrepreneurial activity, the relationship between growth and the
 science base, labour markets, milieu effects and formal institutional and
 physical infrastructural conditions. It concludes that while Oxfordshire
 has many favourable features its firms are faced with a number of
 operating problems including the high costs of housing and business
 property and shortages of skilled people and risk capital. In approach
 taken, the paper shifts the balance between the conceptualisations of
 localities as systems of localised networks to localities as systems of
 material resources. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 985-1001 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2003 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000267858 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000267858 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lars Coenen  
Author-X-Name-First: Lars 
Author-X-Name-Last: Coenen  
Author-Name: Jerker Moodysson 
Author-X-Name-First: Jerker 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moodysson 
Author-Name: Bj&#xF8;rn T. Asheim 
Author-X-Name-First: Bj&#xF8;rn T. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Asheim 
Title: Nodes, networks and proximities: on the knowledge dynamics of the Medicon Valley biotech cluster 
Abstract:
  Empirical research on the knowledge dynamics of biotechnology
 demonstrates a dual local&#x2010;global knowledge flow pattern. The sector
 is characterised by strong spatial concentration around nodes of
 excellence that are interconnected through a global network. This requires
 a specification of the notion of proximity as a facilitator of learning
 processes which emphasises its multifaceted configuration. This study
 highlights the significance of relational proximity within epistemic
 communities shaping innovation processes across multi&#x2010;spatial
 scales. These arguments are illustrated with a database&#x2010;survey on
 collaboration in scientific publication by 109 biotechnology firms in the
 Danish&#x2010;Swedish life&#x2010;science cluster Medicon Valley. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1003-1018 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000267876 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000267876 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andreas Faludi  
Author-X-Name-First: Andreas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Faludi  
Title: The open method of co&#x2010;ordination and &#x2018;post&#x2010;regulatory&#x2019; territorial cohesion policy 
Abstract:
  The Open Method of Co&#x2010;ordination (OMC) is being promoted as an
 alternative in policy areas where the Community method does not apply,
 such as in employment, social security and pensions. The paper discusses
 the origins of OMC and the thinking behind it. Then it explores OMC
 features of the process of making the European Spatial Development
 Perspective (ESDP). The work of the European Spatial Planning Observation
 Network (ESPON) on indicators facilitates OMC being invoked. Indicators
 need to be supplemented with mutual exchanges about national and European
 planning and also by joint work on transnational and European spatial
 visions. Assuming that, as proposed in Art. 3 of the European
 Constitution, territorial cohesion will become an accepted goal of the
 Union, on <italic>a par</italic> with economic and social cohesion, the
 paper ends with a scenario of the application of OMC in formulating
 European Union Territorial Cohesion Strategy. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1019-1033 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000267885 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000267885 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Markus Hesse  
Author-X-Name-First: Markus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hesse  
Title: Logistics and freight transport policy in urban areas: a case study of Berlin&#x2010;Brandenburg/Germany 
Abstract:
  The Berlin&#x2010;Brandenburg Region has undergone profound
 transformations since 1990. Due to structural change, economic recovery
 and construction activity, urban and regional development was accompanied
 by a high volume of freight traffic. Hence strategic answers were
 developed by policy and planning. They comprise the establishment of
 suburban freight centres, local delivery improvements, and specified
 construction logistics. Despite a broad practical experience, concrete
 effects in terms of significant transport shifts or environmental benefits
 seem to be limited. In this context, the paper assesses the
 Berlin&#x2010;Brandenburg freight approach. It also discusses general
 limitations for regional logistics strategies, and possible consequences
 for policy and planning. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1035-1053 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000267894 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000267894 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin De Jong  
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Jong  
Title: The pitfalls of family resemblance: why transferring planning institutions between &#x2018;similar countries&#x2019; is delicate business 
Abstract:
  It is tempting, and in this age of intensified international information
 exchange only increasingly so, to look across the national state borders
 for promising planning institutions that have been developed elsewhere.
 This occurs usually with the hope and expectation that similar positive
 results can be achieved on domestic soil. It is commonly realised that the
 transfer of planning institutions from countries with very different
 political, legal and cultural traditions is difficult and that such
 transplants require lots of adaptation before they can be successfully
 implemented. It is less well known that copying planning institutions from
 similar countries, that is countries belonging to the same legal or
 cultural family, is hardly any easier. This article focuses on the process
 of institutional transplantation between similar nations and describes the
 mechanisms of success and failure with the help of several empirical
 examples in the field of spatial planning. The case of the refurbishment
 of the London Underground refurbishment based on the example of the New
 York Subway is analysed more in detail. The article concludes with a set
 of conclusions and recommendations aimed at helping future
 &#x2018;transplanters&#x2019; to be more aware of opportunities and
 pitfalls of institutional transplantation. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1055-1068 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000267902 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000267902 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel Coronado  
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Coronado  
Author-Name: Manuel Acosta 
Author-X-Name-First: Manuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Acosta 
Author-Name: Dolores Le&#xF3;n 1 
Author-X-Name-First: Dolores 
Author-X-Name-Last: Le&#xF3;n 1 
Title: Regional planning of R&D and science--technology interactions in Andalucia: a bibliometric analysis of patent documents 
Abstract:
  Andalucia is a southern European LFR (less&#x2010;favoured region) with a
 high degree of self&#x2010;government that has allowed it to design its
 own R&D policies that complement those implemented throughout Spain and
 the European Union (EU). Recently the Regional Government passed the Third
 Andalucian Research Plan 2000--2003, an R&D planning instrument that, as
 has become customary in previous Plans, attributes considerable budgetary
 weight to the scientific aspects of the science--technology--industry
 system (Andalucia allocates more of its own resources to promoting
 research than any other region in Spain). This paper provides deeper
 insight into the role played by science in driving the technological
 development of Andalucia, one of the LFRs of the EU. The aim was to answer
 five fundamental questions: How is basic science utilized by industry in
 Andalucia? Which sectors are the most dynamic in the employment of
 scientific know&#x2010;how? Which scientific fields are most in demand by
 industry? Which types of institution utilize scientific knowledge most
 profusely? What delay is there in incorporating science into technology?
 The methodology that has been applied for investigating the links between
 science and technology is based on scientific citations in patent
 documents (NPC). The results in this article provide relevant information
 about the interconnection of scientific and technological systems and thus
 constitute a good point of reference for the development of future R&D
 plans. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1075-1095 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2003 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000289223 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000289223 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Manu Ahedo  
Author-X-Name-First: Manu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahedo  
Title: Cluster policy in the Basque country (1991--2002): constructing &#x2018;industry--government&#x2019; collaboration through cluster&#x2010;associations 
Abstract:
  In this article the industrial cluster policy in the Basque Region
 (Spain) since the early 1990s is analysed as a social process, where
 public and private organizations and institutions have interplayed and
 fostered two interrelated outcomes: (a) the construction of
 cluster&#x2010;associations, contributing to the development of
 inter&#x2010;firm interactions and a more inclusive industrial
 associationism in the weak Basque industrial and business associative
 system; and (b) the construction of an industry--government collaboration
 dynamic within a traditional lack of industry--government interactive
 relations. These outcomes present some strengths and weaknesses, and
 indicate some potentials to improve the initiated regional
 &#x2018;industry--government&#x2019; collaboration. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1097-1113 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2003 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000289232 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000289232 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mario Davide Parrilli  
Author-X-Name-First: Mario Davide 
Author-X-Name-Last: Parrilli  
Title: A stage and eclectic approach to industrial district development: two policy keys for &#x2018;survival&#x2019; clusters in developing countries 
Abstract:
  This article analyses the history of Italian industrial districts (IDs)
 to identify lessons to help small and medium&#x2010;sized enterprise (SME)
 clusters in developing countries to move to higher stages of development.
 Transforming the 1990 seminal work of Brusco on distinct models of SME
 clustering into a stage approach, this article identifies a sequence of
 different maturity stages which the IDs passed through: initial craft
 production; industrialization through large firms; the fragmentation of
 production followed by the growth of smaller specialized units; and,
 finally, new routes to innovation and competitiveness. These phases help
 explain how development is a stage process which needs to be carefully
 considered and not rushed, through attempting to cross too many stages at
 once. Realistic steps are always necessary to create an effective base for
 growth. Furthermore, a theoretical framework is presented, which
 identifies three factorial levels that have intervened in the ID
 development process over the past 50 years. Economic, policy and social
 factors are identified and presented as drivers that work together to
 produce the structural changes that explain an effective development
 process. The final section emphasizes the relevance that this kind of
 analysis can have on the policy&#x2010;making schemes being applied in
 developing countries, with special reference to less developed types of
 clusters. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1115-1131 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000289241 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000289241 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kadri Cemil Aky&#xFC;z  
Author-X-Name-First: Kadri Cemil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aky&#xFC;z  
Author-Name: &#x130;lker Aky&#xFC;z 
Author-X-Name-First: &#x130;lker 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aky&#xFC;z 
Author-Name: &#xC7;i&#x11F;dem Cavrar 
Author-X-Name-First: &#xC7;i&#x11F;dem 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cavrar 
Author-Name: Hasan Serin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hasan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Serin 
Author-Name: Hicabi Cindik 
Author-X-Name-First: Hicabi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cindik 
Title: Determining suitable investment areas using multi&#x2010;variable statistical methods: evidence from the Black Sea region in Turkey 
Abstract:
  Investment is an important decision for economic development, balanced
 growth and public welfare. There are many factors influencing investment.
 Thus, investment must be evaluated with multidimensional methods. Using
 taxonomy and principal component analysis this study attempts to determine
 appropriate investment areas in planned provinces in the Black Sea Region.
 Analyses were based on a number of demographic, economic, health,
 education, employment and cultural indicators. Results indicated that
 provinces were grouped into four clusters. G&#xFC;m&#xFC;&#x15F;hane and
 Bayburt were determined to have the highest priority for investment in the
 manufacturing industry. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1133-1144 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000289250 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000289250 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Metin Karadag&#x2C7;  
Author-X-Name-First: Metin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Karadag&#x2C7;  
Author-Name: Ertug&#x2C7;rul Delikta&#x15F; 
Author-X-Name-First: Ertug&#x2C7;rul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Delikta&#x15F; 
Author-Name: A. &#xD6;zlem &#xD6;nder 
Author-X-Name-First: A. &#xD6;zlem 
Author-X-Name-Last: &#xD6;nder 
Title: The effects of public capital on private sector performance in Turkish regional manufacturing industries1 
Abstract:
  This article investigates the impact of public capital formation on
 private manufacturing sector performance in the seven geographical regions
 of Turkey and in aggregate. A vector autoregression (VAR) model has been
 employed to estimate long run accumulated elasticities of private sector
 variables with respect to public capital for the time period 1980--2000.
 The results show that public capital affects private output positively in
 aggregate and in all regions apart from the Black Sea and Mediterranean
 regions. The results also reveal that only in the Marmara region, the
 impact is positive both on input and output. The public capital crowds in
 private sector inputs in some regions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1145-1156 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2003 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000289269 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000289269 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lois Labrianidis  
Author-X-Name-First: Lois 
Author-X-Name-Last: Labrianidis  
Author-Name: Christos Kalantaridis 
Author-X-Name-First: Christos 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kalantaridis 
Title: The delocalization of production in labour intensive industries: instances of triangular manufacturing between Germany, Greece and FYROM 
Abstract:
  The clothing industry, by virtue of its labour intensity and low barriers
 to entry and exit, is at the forefront of the processes of integration in
 a global network of production and distribution. During the 1970s and
 1980s &#x2018;intermediate&#x2019; regimes (such as Greece) benefited from
 the diffusion in clothing production from advanced industrialized
 countries (such as Germany); however, this trend was reversed during the
 1990s. This is because of the intensification of competition from both
 developed countries (for high quality products) and less developed
 countries (for price competitive items), as well as the new threat posed
 by competitors from post&#x2010;socialist economies that are trying to
 find a role in the &#x2018;Newer&#x2019; International Division of Labour.
 Within this context, this article sets out to analyse to what extent
 collaborative forms of diffuse manufacture, and particularly triangular
 manufacturing, may be used in the context of south&#x2010;eastern Europe.
 This article argues that &#x2018;triangular manufacturing&#x2019; between
 the industrialized core of the European Union (EU) (and especially
 Germany), Greece and the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM) was
 the outcome of spontaneous entrepreneurial decision&#x2010;making. In the
 main, it was parent enterprises in Germany and to some extent Greek
 intermediaries who were the main beneficiaries of the emerging triangular
 relationships. Enterprises and workers in FYROM remained vulnerable and
 dependent. However, there were also a handful of instances of &#x2018;good
 practice&#x2019;, where relationships were beneficial to all the
 participating parties. We argue that these examples provide lessons for
 policy intervention both nationally and locally (in both Greece and
 FYROM). 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1157-1173 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000289278 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000289278 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kai B&#xF6;hme  
Author-X-Name-First: Kai 
Author-X-Name-Last: B&#xF6;hme  
Author-Name: Tim Richardson 
Author-X-Name-First: Tim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Richardson 
Author-Name: Gordon Dabinett 
Author-X-Name-First: Gordon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dabinett 
Author-Name: Ole B. Jensen 
Author-X-Name-First: Ole B. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jensen 
Title: Values in a vacuum? Towards an integrated multi&#x2010;level analysis of the governance of European space 
Abstract:
  This article calls for a new analytical approach to address how the
 emergence of a new European spatial policy field conditions
 policy&#x2010;making and implementation across Europe. This is now urgent
 because as the new policy field takes shape, its core ideas and values are
 being contested across different scales, sectors and territories of
 governance, creating new debates and arenas where understandings of space,
 place and connectivity, and relations between environment, society and
 economy, are being recast in a European light. In the full flow of
 generating a new policy field, we still seem to know little about what is
 being put at stake, or specifically how this is occurring. A
 value&#x2010;driven critical response from the research community is
 therefore needed, informed by research activity reaching across many
 dimensions of governance and policy&#x2010;making. The point of developing
 such an approach is not to discount previous research, but to explore how
 to generate synthetic and critical insights from different disciplinary
 and conceptual approaches within an integrated analytical framework. After
 this discussion, we conclude by proposing that IMAGES (Integrated
 Multi&#x2010;level Analysis of the Governance of European Space) can
 provide such a framework for analysing the emerging policy field of
 European spatial polices by constructing narratives of how spatial policy
 ideas and concepts turn into programming space, and how different
 territories interrelate with these policy concepts, and at the same time
 contribute to shaping them. This viewpoint and framework are predicated on
 the authors' belief that values behind the concepts remain hidden at
 present, both in policy processes and related research. Spatial policies
 seem to happen in a vacuum of values. By putting spatial justice as a
 value into this vacuum and by exploring the multi&#x2010;level governance
 of European space within an integrative analytical framework, the further
 development and application of the IMAGES framework can fulfil the need to
 contest the idea of objective policy&#x2010;making and analysis in
 European spatial policy. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1175-1188 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000289287 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000289287 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jung Shin Choi  
Author-X-Name-First: Jung Shin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Choi  
Title: Evaluation of community planning and life of senior cohousing projects in northern European countries1 
Abstract:
  Cohousing schemes were evolved as alternative housing to reduce housework
 for working women, and to reduce loneliness of elderly people by promoting
 active mutual relationship with community residents in northern European
 countries. This article discusses how residents manage their life in
 senior cohousing projects in Sweden and Denmark. The purpose of this study
 is to investigate residents' life satisfaction connected with demographic
 characteristics of residents, physical environment and common activities
 in the senior cohousing communities, so that it could offer usable
 information for the establishment of new senior cohousing projects in
 other countries, as well as an empirical evaluation of the existing
 projects in Scandinavian countries themselves. Important variables
 influential to residents' life satisfaction are also discussed in order to
 improve senior citizens' quality of life. The methods used for the study
 are literature review, interviews, field trips and questionnaire. Nine
 hundred and thirty&#x2010;five postal questionnares were sent to 28 senior
 cohousing communities throughout Denmark and Sweden. Of those 536 replies
 were collected and analysed by SPSS program using frequency, mean and
 Chi&#x2010;square test. As a result, it was found out that most of the
 respondents are healthy, 70&#x2010;year&#x2010;olds, and satisfied with
 their current living in the community. The majority of them also would
 like to strongly recommend others to move to senior cohousing schemes to
 improve quality of life in their later years. Residents' intensive concern
 about building location and design is a noteworthy reminder for designers
 and architects as well as for professionals and decision&#x2010;makers who
 work in the elderly welfare sector. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1189-1216 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 12 
Year: 2004 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000289296 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000289296 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:12:y:2004:i:8:p:1189-1216




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Riitta Kosonen 
Author-X-Name-First: Riitta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kosonen 
Title: The use of regulation and governance theories in research on post-socialism: the adaptation of enterprises in Vyborg1 
Abstract:
  This article deals with developments since the collapse of socialism in
 Vyborg, the former Finnish city transferred to the Soviet Union's
 north--west frontier in 1944. It assesses how enterprises founded during
 the socialist era, their heirs, and new Russian and foreign firms, have
 coped with economic change and adjusted to the new economic system. It
 also explains the evolution of hybrid forms of activity on the enterprise
 level and their impact on the development of Vyborg as a local economy.
 This paper shows that the traditions of socialism embodied in many
 enterprises' adaptation strategies have helped the public sector in
 financial crisis because enterprises have continued the socialist
 traditions to take care of fractions of public infrastructure. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 5-17 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2004 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000312389 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000312389 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matti Siemiatycki 
Author-X-Name-First: Matti 
Author-X-Name-Last: Siemiatycki 
Title: Beyond moving people: excavating the motivations for investing in urban public transit infrastructure in Bilbao Spain 
Abstract:
  This paper explores the context and contradictions that have brought
 Bilbao Spain, a city of some 1 million inhabitants, to its stature as a
 leader and model of contemporary public transit. The decision to invest in
 public transit infrastructure is situated within an urban context that
 includes historical, economic, urban design, social, environmental and
 political motivations. From this contextual rooting, public transit
 projects are examined for their potential to achieve both a tangible set
 of objectives and an intangible symbolic meaning that presents transit
 projects as being about more than just moving people. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 23-44 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2004 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000312398 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000312398 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pawe&#x142; Churski 
Author-X-Name-First: Pawe&#x142; 
Author-X-Name-Last: Churski 
Title: Problem areas in Poland in terms of the objectives of the European Union's regional policy 
Abstract:
  The present study focuses on problem areas in EU member states and Poland
 that are identified on the basis of criteria laid down in the assumptions
 of the EU regional policy. The analysis makes it possible to compare the
 spatial distributions of the problem areas and to assess the relevance of
 the statistical criteria employed to delineate them. Also presented is the
 new model of regional policy to be implemented in Poland in the period of
 its integration with the European Union. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 45-72 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2004 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000312406 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000312406 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:13:y:2004:i:1:p:45-72




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Williams 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Williams 
Title: Supplier linkages of foreign-owned manufacturing firms in the UK: the influence of entry mode, subsidiary autonomy and nationality 
Abstract:
  This article tests the hypothesis that the supplier linkages which
 subsidiaries of foreign-owned companies make with indigenous firms in the
 UK are influenced by entry mode, the amount of autonomy which is granted
 to the subsidiary which is established and the nationality of the parent
 company. Data were collected from foreign-owned firms in the UK and an
 ordered probit model with the change in supplier linkages as the dependent
 variable was devised and tested. The results provide support for the
 hypothesis in terms of entry mode and subsidiary autonomy, but not in
 terms of parent nationality. This study represents a new approach to the
 study of supplier linkages and integrates concepts and studies from both
 regional science and international business. Foreign-owned firms which
 entered the UK by means of a greenfield entry tend to have a relatively
 positive effect on the creation and growth of supplier linkages, whereas
 those which entered by way of a merger or acquisition tended to have a
 relatively negative effect on the growth of such linkages. This finding
 has important implications for academics and policy-makers alike. Although
 the potential impact which the creation of supplier linkages can make upon
 the host country's economy has long been recognised, little research has
 been undertaken to identify the key factors which affect such growth. With
 increased levels of globalisation it is important that governments are
 able to maximise the impact which foreign direct investment makes upon the
 economy of their countries. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 73-91 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2004 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000312415 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000312415 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elisabete A. Silva 
Author-X-Name-First: Elisabete A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Silva 
Author-Name: Keith C. Clarke 
Author-X-Name-First: Keith C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clarke 
Title: Complexity, emergence and cellular urban models: lessons learned from applying SLEUTH to two Portuguese metropolitan areas 
Abstract:
  We explore the simulation of urban growth using complex systems theory
 and cellular automata (CA). The SLEUTH urban CA model was applied to two
 different metropolitan areas in Portugal, with the purposes of allowing a
 comparative analysis, of using the past to understand the dynamics of the
 regions under study, and of learning how to adapt the model to local
 characteristics in the simulation of future scenarios. Analysis of the two
 case studies show the importance of SLEUTH's self-modification rules in
 creating emergent urban forms. This behavior can help build an
 understanding of urban social systems through this class of CA. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 93-115 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2004 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000312424 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000312424 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:13:y:2004:i:1:p:93-115




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Umberto   Janin Rivolin 
Author-X-Name-First: Umberto   Janin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rivolin 
Author-Name: Andreas Faludi 
Author-X-Name-First: Andreas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Faludi 
Title: The hidden face of European spatial planning: innovations in governance 
Abstract:
  Presently, the &#x2018;informal&#x2019; European Spatial Development
 Perspective (ESDP) is being duly applied. At the same time, European
 planners are still searching for a shared understanding of what European
 spatial planning actually means. Against the backdrop of current
 developments in European governance, it seems appropriate to explore
 various regional perspectives on this emergent phenomenon. In so doing,
 one needs to go beyond the most commonly known perspectives, though. One
 needs to also reveal the less obvious &#x2018;southern
 perspectives&#x2019;. Under close scrutiny, they show themselves well
 capable of introducing some valuable new elements, and they are as equally
 useful as others in enriching the debate on European spatial planning and
 in deepening our understanding about current changes in planning practices
 in Europe. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 195-215 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000321785 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000321785 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:13:y:2005:i:2:p:195-215




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joaquín   Farin&#xF3;s Dasí 
Author-X-Name-First: Joaquín   Farin&#xF3;s 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dasí 
Author-Name: Juan   Romero Gonz&#xE1;lez 
Author-X-Name-First: Juan   Romero 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gonz&#xE1;lez 
Author-Name: Inés   S&#xE1;nchez De Madariaga** 
Author-X-Name-First: Inés   S&#xE1;nchez De 
Author-X-Name-Last: Madariaga** 
Title: Structural problems for the renewal of planning styles: the spanish case1 
Abstract:
  This article first presents a historical review of Spain's involvement in
 the European Spatial Development Perspective (ESDP) preparation process to
 determine whether ESDP guidelines are different from, contrary to or in
 harmony with the interests of Spanish proposals. Particular attention is
 paid to the priority lines and territorial objectives of the Spanish
 delegation and its emphasis in substantive issues related to cohesion, and
 linking spatial planning with European Union (EU) funding. If, as the
 network paradigm maintains, spatial development is not possible without
 new methods of governance, our work has to focus on two related questions.
 The first question regards the evolution and the present situation of
 spatial planning within the Spanish administrative framework seen from a
 horizontal perspective; what does spatial planning mean and who decides
 what? The second question is whether it is true to say that new planning
 habits have been adopted in town and regional planning from a vertical,
 inter-governmental and multi-level perspective and from the state and
 regional point of view (spatial visions of autonomous regions). The
 article reviews and explores the most important matters affecting a
 &#x2018;composite state&#x2019; like Spain. &#x2003;And what does the
 future hold? The article presents a review of spatial planning in Spain
 after the Potsdam document, seeking the possible impact of structural
 funds on Spanish regions in this respect. The result is that in the
 Spanish case, this is a key aspect in the development of a new spatial
 planning culture, despite the risk of re-centralization. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 217-235 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000321794 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000321794 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:13:y:2005:i:2:p:217-235




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Artur   Da Rosa Pires 
Author-X-Name-First: Artur   Da Rosa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pires 
Title: The fragile foundations of european spatial planning in Portugal 
Abstract:
  This article is about the influence of the European Spatial Development
 Perspective (ESDP) and its follow-up processes in the Portuguese spatial
 planning system. The Portuguese planning tradition is based on a clear
 separation between urban planning and regional development policy as well
 as on a dominant blueprint approach. Strategic spatial planning is still
 at an infancy stage and environmental concerns, recently introduced
 largely under the influence of the European Union, adopted essentially a
 restrictive and reactive stance. The article starts with a brief
 historical overview of the main characteristics of the spatial planning
 system in Portugal. This overview provides the context for the analysis of
 the influence of the ESDP in Portugal. The article acknowledges that the
 ESDP has had so far a limited impact on spatial planning practices but it
 ends with a prospective analysis of spatial planning change in Portugal
 which further supports the argument for the likelihood of (future) closer
 links between national and supra-national processes of change. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 237-252 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000321802 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000321802 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Harry Coccossis 
Author-X-Name-First: Harry 
Author-X-Name-Last: Coccossis 
Author-Name: Dimitris Economou 
Author-X-Name-First: Dimitris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Economou 
Author-Name: George Petrakos 
Author-X-Name-First: George 
Author-X-Name-Last: Petrakos 
Title: The ESDP relevance to a distant partner: Greece 
Abstract:
  Greece is an untypical case from a territorial planning perspective at a
 European level as it faces constraints and limitations arising by its
 peripheral position and the limited accessibility to major economic
 agglomerations and markets. The opportunities of benefiting from a
 European spatial development strategy are further reduced by missing
 neighbours, external and internal asymmetries. From the Greek point of
 view, European Spatial Development Perspective (ESDP) can be evaluated in
 terms of three different axes of reflection: improving linkages and
 spatial relationships to neighbouring countries (particularly European
 Union member states); bringing national level issues to the European
 agenda of spatial planning policies; bringing to the national level of
 spatial planning European-wide relevant issues. In this view ESDP does not
 reflect the particularities of spatial development in Greece (lack of
 territorial cohesion, fragmented national geographic space, etc.) but had
 indirect beneficial effects on the Greek planning system at a national
 level in spreading institutional innovation, good practices, etc. However,
 the influence which the ESDP is likely to have on spatial organization and
 development remains in doubt. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 253-264 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000321811 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000321811 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francesca Governa 
Author-X-Name-First: Francesca 
Author-X-Name-Last: Governa 
Author-Name: Carlo Salone 
Author-X-Name-First: Carlo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Salone 
Title: Italy and European spatial policies: polycentrism, urban networks and local innovation practices1 
Abstract:
  This article presents the changes that are emerging in the Italian urban
 and territorial policies mainly through the discussion of the relationship
 between the principles of polycentricity and networking affirmed by the
 European Spatial Development Perspective (ESDP) and, in general, by the
 European official documents on spatial planning, and the role of
 polycentrism and networking in Italian praxis. The article is organized as
 follow. The first section presents the general framework of the concept of
 polycentrism and its relevance for the European Union (EU) policies. The
 second, third and fourth sections briefly describe Italian territorial
 organization and spatial policies, and illustrate some operational
 examples of the application of the network model. The fifth section
 presents the empirical and political relevance of the concepts of network
 and polycentrism. Finally, in the conclusion, the use of the network
 proposed by the European official documents on spatial planning and the
 difference between different meanings of this concept are discussed (from
 field of interurban relations to local mechanisms of collective action). 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 265-283 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000321820 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000321820 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:13:y:2005:i:2:p:265-283




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philippe Cichowlaz 
Author-X-Name-First: Philippe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cichowlaz 
Title: France and the ESDP in the context of European integration and Mediterranean cooperation 
Abstract:
  This article will firstly recall the main concepts that are common to the
 guidelines set out in the European Spatial Development Perspective (ESDP)
 and the culture of spatial planning in France, particularly the concept of
 polycentrism which&#x2014;under another term and in a different
 context&#x2014;experienced some degree of success in the 1960s and 1970s
 (policy of balanced metropolitan areas). It will also describe how France
 worked together with a number of southern European countries (Spain, Italy
 and Portugal) in the different phases of development of the ESDP between
 1994 and 1996, with the setting up of a transnational think tank
 (Franco-Iberian and Franco-Italian). 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 285-295 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000321839 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000321839 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:13:y:2005:i:2:p:285-295




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luisa Pedrazzini 
Author-X-Name-First: Luisa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pedrazzini 
Title: Applying the ESDP through interreg IIIB: a southern perspective 
Abstract:
  The Interreg IIIB Community Initiative Programme (2000--2006) is
 considered one of the main instruments to promote the application of the
 European Spatial Development Perspectives (ESDP), realizing in a concrete
 way the integrated approach to spatial development, also making effective
 the so-called Community spatial planning approach. Also important is the
 involvement of regions, public administrations and actors having direct
 competence for territorial planning and management. Taking into account
 the above, the aim of the article is to give a realistic perspective on
 the application of the ESDP through this Community initiative and,
 moreover, how it is interpreted and managed in south Europe. The state of
 the art of Interreg IIIB programmes relevant to south Europe will be
 presented and investigated, analysing the coherence of their goals with
 the ESDP political aims. Moreover, the innovative and central role played
 by the regions involved in the process of the application of the ESDP
 principles will be highlighted. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 297-317 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000321848 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000321848 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:13:y:2005:i:2:p:297-317




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Georgia Giannakourou 
Author-X-Name-First: Georgia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Giannakourou 
Title: Transforming spatial planning policy in Mediterranean countries: Europeanization and domestic change 
Abstract:
  The article explores the impact of European Union (EU) planning policies
 on southern Europe, by comparing the experiences of the Mediterranean
 member states (France, Greece, Italy, Portugal and Spain). It is argued
 that the European Spatial Development Perspective (ESDP) and the other
 EU-led planning instruments have generated important changes in the
 domestic patterns of south European spatial planning systems. These
 transformations are not the product of a forced compliance to EU models
 but the outcome of complex socialization and learning processes enabling
 domestic actors to experience new ideas and practices and to adapt their
 methods and strategies accordingly. In this sense, they can be read as a
 process of cultural innovation within southern European planning
 traditions that promotes European integration by accommodating national
 diversity. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 319-331 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0365431042000321857 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0365431042000321857 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Guth 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Guth 
Title: Innovation, social inclusion and coherent regional development: a new diamond for a socially inclusive innovation policy in regions 
Abstract:
  This article is concerned with regional disparities, the innovation gap
 and the polarization effects of innovation. The article proposes elements
 of an inclusive model of innovation. This involves a systemic view of
 innovation, learning and interactivity. It includes the concepts of
 learning, trust and social capital in the context of a dilemma between
 innovation and polarization at the territorial level. It describes the
 basic structure of a &#x2018;new&#x2019; diamond model of innovation
 relevant to European Union (EU) regional policy, especially for the
 Accession countries. The German <italic>Land</italic> of Nordrhein
 Westfalen is taken as the laboratory for this new model. Problems arising
 from previous top-down approaches adopted to manage regional policy
 through innovation policy are commented upon, and the manner the new more
 inclusive model works is demonstrated. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 333-349 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000321866 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000321866 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:13:y:2005:i:2:p:333-349




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Allmendinger 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Allmendinger 
Author-Name: Janice Morphet 
Author-X-Name-First: Janice 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morphet 
Author-Name: Mark Tewdwr-Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tewdwr-Jones 
Title: Devolution and the modernization of local government: Prospects for spatial planning 
Abstract:
   The creation of devolved administrations in
 Scotland and Wales, coupled with the proposals for the English regions are
 creating new operational environments for local government in different
 parts of the UK. This paper reviews both the key factors affecting these
 new environments and their relationship with local government. The paper
 assesses the factors influencing the context for change, and considers
 these comparatively within England, Scotland and Wales. Attention is
 focused on emerging forms and practices of spatial planning within the
 devolved countries at the local level, caused by sub-national, local and
 community institutional change. Spatial planning is utilized as an example
 of the changing nature of central--local government relationships within
 the UK. The article concludes that there is evidence of convergent and
 divergent trends occurring at different speeds within the three countries
 and that the new local government relationships in Scotland and Wales may
 be more defined as a direct consequence of devolution. In England, by
 contrast, the new relationships between local government and central
 government appear more complex, not least as a result of the emerging
 picture of governance being brought about by regionalization. This leaves
 the future structure and powers of spatial planning within English local
 government more uncertain at the present time. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 349-370 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2004 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500089324 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500089324 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:13:y:2004:i:3:p:349-370




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hugo Priemus 
Author-X-Name-First: Hugo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Priemus 
Title: Importing and exporting spatial needs: A Dutch approach1 
Abstract:
   The increasing demand for space determines much
 of the approach to spatial planning in countries with a high population
 density like the Netherlands. In the next three decades more land will be
 needed for housing, work, traffic, leisure, nature and water. There is
 only one sector that will yield land: agriculture. The Dutch Minister of
 Spatial Planning has presented six intervention strategies to cope with
 the increasing demand for space: (1) priority setting; (2) export spatial
 needs; (3) reduce the need for space in accordance with policy; (4)
 intensify land use; (5) combine spatial needs; (6) transform spatial
 structures and buildings. Spatial planning in the Netherlands is becoming
 more and more geared to strategies 4, 5 and 6, which take the need for
 land as given. This paper seeks to explain that the first three
 strategies, and strategy 2 in particular, are also crucial for a country
 like the Netherlands, even though the policies associated with them would
 not generally be labelled spatial. For the spatial planner, however, the
 export of spatial needs is relevant as this determines the outcome of
 spatial planning to a large extent. This shall be illustrated by reporting
 on international residential migration, the use of leisure homes and
 second homes, international business migration and the restructuring of
 the agricultural sector. The Netherlands is not only exporting spatial
 needs, but also in the same time even imports needs at a larger scale,
 which puts spatial planning on a larger pressure. In the past the lack of
 space was solved by relinquishing land that was originally earmarked for
 water or nature. But the need for space for water and nature has increased
 recently and will continue to do so in the coming decades. This makes
 intervention strategy 2 even more relevant for the future. Spatial
 planners need to widen their horizons and include the import and export of
 spatial needs in their analyses. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 371-386 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2004 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500089399 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500089399 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:13:y:2004:i:3:p:371-386




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark C. White 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: White 
Title: Assessing the role of the international financial services centre in Irish regional development 
Abstract:
   This paper examines the manner and extent to
 which the International Financial Services Centre (IFSC) in Dublin
 contributes to regional development in Ireland. Since its 1987 launch, the
 IFSC created over 10,000 jobs and promoted urban renewal in a previously
 derelict section of Dublin. Although it stands as one of Ireland's most
 prominent development projects, empirical examination of the IFSC remains
 limited. This study looks specifically at issues such as the kinds of
 activities and employment created at the IFSC, as well as local linkage
 formation. Based on published data and research interviews, this paper
 shows that the IFSC contributed to Ireland's economic development at a
 time when industrial policy focused primarily on employment creation. To
 date the IFSC has proven to be a successful policy intervention, the
 routine nature of many IFSC-related activities raises questions about the
 IFSC's ability to become something more than a centre for back-office
 financial services. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 387-405 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2004 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500089365 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500089365 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:13:y:2004:i:3:p:387-405




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joe A. Doublet 
Author-X-Name-First: Joe A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Doublet 
Author-Name: Alan J. Bond 
Author-X-Name-First: Alan J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bond 
Title: Development control and the natural environment&#x2014;the Maltese connection 
Abstract:
   The aim of this study was to evaluate the
 implementation of the Maltese Structure Plan policies, which have been in
 force since 1992, with respect to protection of the natural environment.
 Empirical and statistical analyses of development control data were used
 to achieve the objectives. The Temporary Provisions Schemes (1988) defined
 the limits of development in Malta thus establishing the rest of the area,
 commonly known as Outside Development Zone (ODZ). Significant pressures
 from development were caused when permissions were given in breach of
 planning policies. The agricultural and dwellings groups of developments
 were the ones which benefited most from such policy breaches. It was also
 shown that the Structure Plan policies had a positive effect on the
 decision-making process ODZs only when the decision boards applied these
 policies correctly. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 407-433 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2004 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500089696 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500089696 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:13:y:2004:i:3:p:407-433




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: William Valletta 
Author-X-Name-First: William 
Author-X-Name-Last: Valletta 
Title: The Investment Contract as a mechanism of urban development in the Russian Federation 
Abstract:
   This article considers the Investment Contract,
 which has been introduced in several cities of the Russian Federation as
 the mechanism to link private capital with municipal resources in urban
 development projects. The device is intended to stimulate development by
 diminishing economic risks and providing investors with more secure legal
 status during the processes of project design, construction and land
 parcel formation and allocation. Looking at the Investment Contract as
 both an economic and legal device, this article considers whether it is
 likely to fulfil its intended purposes. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 435-448 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2004 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500089373 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500089373 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:13:y:2004:i:3:p:435-448




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lydia Greunz 
Author-X-Name-First: Lydia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Greunz 
Title: Intra- and inter-regional knowledge spillovers: Evidence from European regions 
Abstract:
  Is the knowledge creation process linear or characterized by feedback
 relations among actors involved in the regional innovation system? How can
 the innovation process of &#x2018;lagging&#x2019; regions be strengthened?
 What is the role and extent of inter-regional knowledge spillovers? The
 paper aims at providing satisfactory answers in investigating a knowledge
 production function framework adapted to the specific questions and which
 is tested on an extended sample of European regions. On the basis of the
 results, concrete policy measures are derived aiming at upgrading the
 knowledge creation capacity of European regions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 449-473 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500089746 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500089746 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:13:y:2005:i:3:p:449-473




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luciana Lazzeretti 
Author-X-Name-First: Luciana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lazzeretti 
Author-Name: Ernesto Tavoletti 
Author-X-Name-First: Ernesto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tavoletti 
Title: Higher Education Excellence and Local Economic Development: The Case of the Entrepreneurial University of Twente 
Abstract:
   By tradition or intellectual necessity,
 universities pursue a main objective: increasing and transferring
 knowledge that is internationally relevant for the whole of mankind. But
 new powerful socio-economic forces are demanding universities to be
 engaged in regional economic development and their knowledge to be
 relevant in terms of local employment, university spin-offs and growth.
 These two objectives are traditionally considered as not complementary or
 even mutually exclusive. Through a case study regarding the Dutch
 University of Twente, this article shows that local economic relevance and
 international excellence are not incompatible objectives: they were not at
 the University of Twente; they can be reached even in a new born and poor
 endowed university, located in a peripheral, depressed and not
 industrialized countryside. This article argues that a strong
 entrepreneurial vision and the adoption of a different concept of
 knowledge may be the key for other small and peripheral European
 universities, in order to reach both local economic relevance and
 international excellence. The article will contribute and enrich the
 regional studies debate, introducing to it some higher education policy
 issues and ideas. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 475-493 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500089779 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500089779 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:13:y:2005:i:3:p:475-493




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simona Iammarino 
Author-X-Name-First: Simona 
Author-X-Name-Last: Iammarino 
Title: An evolutionary integrated view of Regional Systems of Innovation: Concepts, measures and historical perspectives 
Abstract:
   The literature on geographical systems of
 innovation has traditionally shown a &#x2018;national-bias&#x2019; that
 has strongly affected the identification of actors, relationships and
 attributes operating at the sub-national scale. Indeed, the historical
 evolution of the regional dimension has rarely been considered (implying
 that history really matters only at the national level). Modes of
 governance have also mostly been examined from a country perspective,
 which neglects the complexity, heterogeneity and path dependency of
 multi-level governance in current innovation systems. This paper reviews
 the main literature on the concept of Regional Systems of Innovation
 (RSI), adopting an integrated view that brings together both top-down and
 bottom-up characteristics and evolutionary mechanisms for the purpose of
 identifying RSIs. After discussing conceptual problems, and the relevance
 and applicability of an evolutionary integrated view of RSI, the case of
 Italy is employed to support the argument that the historical perspective
 on regional cultures is often unavoidable in order to assess future
 opportunities for regional development. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 497-519 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500107084 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500107084 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Hassink 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hassink 
Title: How to unlock regional economies from path dependency? From learning region to learning cluster 
Abstract:
   Since the Industrial Revolution the cyclical
 processes of rise and fall of regional economies have been accelerating.
 Many of the specific problems of the falling part of clustering, that is
 old industrial areas, are related to path dependency and lock-ins.
 Particularly political lock-ins hinder the necessary restructuring
 processes in old industrial areas. They can be considered as thick
 institutional tissues aiming at preserving existing industrial structures
 and therefore unnecessarily slowing down industrial restructuring and
 indirectly hampering the development of indigenous potential and
 creativity. Of the recently born offspring of the family of territorial
 innovation models, the learning region concept seems to be most focused on
 overcoming and avoiding political lock-ins in old industrial areas. Most
 scholars consider learning regions as regional development concepts in
 which the main actors are strongly, but flexibly, connected with each
 other and are open both to intraregional and interregional learning
 processes. Policy-makers in learning regions are involved in learning from
 institutional errors made in the past and by doing that in avoiding
 path-dependent development. Empirical evidence, however, shows that the
 learning region is of limited importance to unlock regional economies from
 path dependency, due to three weaknesses: its fuzziness, its normative
 character in its squeezed position between national innovation systems and
 global production networks. A less normative and more process-oriented
 concept is proposed in this paper, namely that of the learning cluster. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 521-535 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500107134 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500107134 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Benneworth 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Benneworth 
Author-Name: David Charles 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Charles 
Title: University spin-off policies and economic development in Less successful regions: Learning from two decades of policy practice 
Abstract:
   Although there is great interest in the new
 knowledge economy, less favoured regions seem permanently disadvantaged
 because they lack a critical mass of knowledge capital to initiate
 accumulation, growth and economic development processes. This is a problem
 for policy-makers seeking to promote economic growth and territorial
 cohesion in such regions. Despite this, examples from two such regions,
 Newcastle, UK and Twente, the Netherlands, suggests that such companies
 can be very successful. This paper seeks to develop a conceptual model of
 how university spin-off companies (USOs) can improve their regional
 economies. The economic benefits that such companies bring are explored,
 to identify those elements which can potentially upgrade regional
 economies through knowledge accumulation, which are termed
 &#x2018;building up territorial knowledge pools&#x2019;. This paper
 concludes by developing a conceptual framework for the operation of the
 territorial knowledge pool; highlighting four different roles played by
 USOs in improving regional innovation environments and considering the
 conceptual and policy implications raised by the framework model. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 537-557 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500107175 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500107175 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:13:y:2005:i:4:p:537-557




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tobias Nischalke 
Author-X-Name-First: Tobias 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nischalke 
Author-Name: Andrea Sch&#xF6;llmann 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sch&#xF6;llmann 
Title: Regional development and regional innovation policy in New Zealand: Issues and tensions in a small remote country1 
Abstract:
   This paper outlines how regional development
 policy in New Zealand has attempted to reshape the organizational and
 institutional foundations of regional growth and innovation since the
 government initiated the implementation of growth and innovation-focused
 policies in 2000. Dealing with the governance and the economic dimension,
 the paper elaborates on the challenges encountered in different regional
 environments that range from metropolitan areas to remote rural regions.
 The paper outlines New Zealand's institutional and economic framework and
 the set of programmes used to foster regional development and innovation.
 Principal lessons from New Zealand's experience are the importance of the
 institutional set-up in regions, the need to tailor initiatives to
 different regional contexts, and insights into the complex relationship
 between regional development and regional innovation policy. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 559-579 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500107217 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500107217 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alexander Kaufmann 
Author-X-Name-First: Alexander 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaufmann 
Author-Name: Petra Wagner 
Author-X-Name-First: Petra 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wagner 
Title: EU regional policy and the stimulation of innovation: The role of the European Regional Development Fund in the objective 1 region Burgenland 
Abstract:
   In recent years regional policy has become more
 and more concerned with the improvement of the innovation capacity and
 performance of firms. Many regional development strategies have as key
 elements the support of their regional innovation systems and innovative
 clusters of firms. It has been recognized that increasing the
 technological level, the value added and the competitiveness of a regional
 economy relies to a large extent on the innovation capacity of regional
 firms and clusters. Regional development is an important policy issue also
 for the European Union (EU). The EU Structural Funds aim at supporting
 regions lagging behind in their development or facing structural problems.
 In this paper how the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) affects
 innovation in the Austrian Objective 1 region Burgenland is analysed. In
 this case study data from an innovation survey conducted in the context of
 the recent mid-term evaluation are used in order to assess the
 innovation-related effects of the ERDF. The analysis leads to the
 conclusion that the ERDF does not target the problems and needs of
 regional firms regarding innovation in a satisfactory way which also
 hampers the successful restructuring of the regional economy. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 581-599 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500107274 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500107274 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fumi Kitagawa 
Author-X-Name-First: Fumi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kitagawa 
Title: Regionalization of Innovation Policies: The Case of Japan 
Abstract:
   This article contributes to discussions
 concerning the geographical dimension of innovation systems by shedding
 light on recent &#x2018;regionalization&#x2019; efforts being made in the
 Japanese context. The current government's cluster initiatives, with
 national industrial and science and technology policies centred on
 strengthening university--business links, are critically examined in light
 of the development of Industry--Science Relationships (ISRs) and Regional
 Innovation Systems (RISs) set within multi-level governance structures of
 knowledge production. The recent development of regional policies for
 innovation, set against the development of the globalizing knowledge-based
 economy, draws attention to issues concerning the limited scope of
 multi-level governance structure in Japan today. Regionalization of
 innovation policy needs to be situated within a wider geographical
 paradigm, which links knowledge value chains encompassing local, regional,
 national and transnational levels. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 601-618 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500107332 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500107332 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:13:y:2005:i:4:p:601-618




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Knut Koschatzky 
Author-X-Name-First: Knut 
Author-X-Name-Last: Koschatzky 
Title: Foresight as a Governance Concept at the Interface between Global Challenges and Regional Innovation Potentials 
Abstract:
   In recent years, new regionally based
 strategy-building processes emerged at the interface between public policy
 and the social coordination of collective action. Foresight as a
 governance process to stimulate regional innovation and strengthen the
 regional economic system against global competition became a popular
 concept. Based on the experiences of a strategy-building process in the
 Italian autonomous province of Trento, it is the objective of this paper
 to sketch recent theoretical and political developments regarding
 multi-actor and multi-level governance and policy concepts at the regional
 level. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 619-639 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500107365 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500107365 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jesper Christensen 
Author-X-Name-First: Jesper 
Author-X-Name-Last: Christensen 
Author-Name: Ina Drejer 
Author-X-Name-First: Ina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Drejer 
Title: The strategic importance of location: Location decisions and the effects of firm location on innovation and knowledge acquisition 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 807-814 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500187862 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500187862 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:13:y:2005:i:6:p:807-814




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Doeringer 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Doeringer 
Author-Name: Christine Evans-klock 
Author-X-Name-First: Christine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Evans-klock 
Author-Name: David Terkla 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Terkla 
Title: Management cultures and regional development: High performance management and the location of new manufacturing plants 
Abstract:
   In-depth case studies of new manufacturing plants are used to motivate a
 new business location model that incorporates management practices and
 cultures as location factors. This model is tested using US data on the
 location of new manufacturing plants. It is found that plants that adopt
 high performance management practices and cultures rely on different
 criteria when making their location decisions from those plants that are
 managed in more traditional ways. Omitting management culture from studies
 of business location may result in biased estimates of the importance of
 various traditional location factors. By demonstrating that location
 decisions are differentiated according to the management practices of
 firms, it is argued that regional development planning should pay more
 attention to specific business characteristics and that regional
 development policy include programmes that strengthen complementarities
 between management practices and the regional economic environment.  
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 815-830 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500187896 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500187896 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Sapsed 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sapsed 
Author-Name: David Gann 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gann 
Author-Name: Nick Marshall 
Author-X-Name-First: Nick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marshall 
Author-Name: Ammon Salter 
Author-X-Name-First: Ammon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Salter 
Title: From here to eternity?: The practice of knowledge transfer in dispersed and co-located project organizations 
Abstract:
   This paper extends theoretical and empirical debates on knowledge
 transfer practices in geographically dispersed project teams using a range
 of communications media. It presents quantitative data comparing work
 interactions between dispersed and co-located teams in five international,
 project-based firms. It shows that contrary to conventional wisdom, their
 respective practices are similar for many work activities such as search
 and routine information exchange. However dispersed team members validate,
 verify and consult differently to the respective co-located teams.
 Qualitative data from interviews and observation then illustrates typical
 interactions using the differing means and media available to the observed
 project teams, such as task decomposition and emergency corrective work.
 Due to an unfortunate oversight one of the references in this article is
 incomplete. It can be found here.  
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 831-851 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500187938 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500187938 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pierre Therrien 
Author-X-Name-First: Pierre 
Author-X-Name-Last: Therrien 
Title: City and innovation: Different size, different strategy 
Abstract:
   The objective of this paper is to assess whether establishments'
 innovation performance and innovation strategies differ by the size of the
 city in which they are located. Using the Canadian 1999 Survey of
 Innovation database (establishment-based), it was found that the rate of
 innovation is not correlated with city-size, but when the innovation
 measure takes into account the importance of innovation, then the size of
 the city does matter. The results show that establishments belonging to
 smaller cities (with populations of less than 50,000) are less likely to
 be associated with a world-first innovation than those located in larger
 cities. Four innovation strategies have been retained&#x2014;Private
 Source, R&D, Collaboration and Public Science Base paths&#x2014;and the
 results show that the R&D path leads to the greatest increase in the
 estimated probability to be associated with a world-first innovation, for
 almost all sectors and all city sizes.  
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 853-877 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500187961 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500187961 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ina Drejer 
Author-X-Name-First: Ina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Drejer 
Author-Name: Anker Lund Vinding 
Author-X-Name-First: Anker Lund 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vinding 
Title: Location and collaboration: Manufacturing firms' use of knowledge intensive services in product innovation 
Abstract:
   The paper addresses the relation between geographical location of firms
 and collaboration with knowledge intensive service providers on product
 innovation in a small country setting. The analysis shows that even in a
 small country with limited geographical distances firms located in
 peripheral areas are less likely to be broad users of collaboration with
 knowledge intensive service providers in the process of product innovation
 than firms located in major urban areas. However, it is only amongst firms
 located in the periphery that collaboration strategy seems to matter in
 the sense that differences in development in employment can be detected
 between broad and rare users of collaboration.  
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 879-898 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500188407 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500188407 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Margarida Fontes 
Author-X-Name-First: Margarida 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fontes 
Title: Distant networking: The knowledge acquisition strategies of 'out-cluster' biotechnology firms 
Abstract:
   This paper addresses the conditions that enable new biotechnology firms
 (NBF) operating outside major biotechnology clusters, to obtain the
 resources and competences necessary to emerge and grow. Drawing on
 in-depth research on the structure, rationale and evolution of scientific
 and technological relationships of a group of Portuguese NBFs, the paper
 discusses the knowledge sourcing strategies devised by these firms and the
 type of factors that favour their adoption. NBFs are found to draw
 creatively from a diverse combination of local and distant technological
 relationships and to profit from a number of mechanisms that can reduce
 the impact of geographical distance on access to partners and on the
 transmission of knowledge. This behaviour is favoured by factors
 associated with the strength of the local science base in relevant fields
 and to the level of international mobility and exposure achieved by local
 scientists.  
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 899-920 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500188498 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500188498 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thomas Brenner 
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brenner 
Title: Innovation and cooperation during the emergence of local industrial clusters: An empirical study in Germany 
Abstract:
   This paper studies the dynamics that cause the emergence of local
 industrial clusters at a general level. Predictions about these dynamics
 are deduced from theoretical modelling. The predictions are tested with
 the help of empirical data from Germany. Three-digit manufacturing
 industries are classified according to their dynamics. It is examined
 whether certain industrial characteristics are able to predict the type of
 dynamics occurring. It is shown that a high number of process innovations
 and a high share of regional cooperation with suppliers and public
 research institutes characterize those industries in which local clusters
 emerge.  
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 921-938 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500188522 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500188522 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nabil Amara 
Author-X-Name-First: Nabil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Amara 
Author-Name: Rejean Landry 
Author-X-Name-First: Rejean 
Author-X-Name-Last: Landry 
Author-Name: Mathieu Ouimet 
Author-X-Name-First: Mathieu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ouimet 
Title: Milieux innovateurs: Determinants and policy implications 
Abstract:
   National and regional differences are more and more frequently explained
 by differences in milieux. This type of explanation raises three
 questions: Can we identify milieux? What are the determinants of milieux?
 Are there differences between industries in the matter of determinants of
 milieux? Most studies on milieux innovateurs are based on case studies and
 qualitative data. This paper is quantitative and comparative in nature. It
 attempts to identify milieux and their determinants by using data from the
 1999 Statistics Canada Innovation Survey. Based on two synthetic
 indicators of interactions (weak/strong) and learning (weak/strong), four
 categories of milieux innovateurs are differentiated which become the
 dependent variables. In order to see what the determinants of the various
 milieux innovateurs are and to see in what ways the most favorable milieux
 innovateurs compare to the others, binomial logit models have been
 estimated for four industries using the following independent variables:
 competitive pressures, barriers to knowledge exchange, use of government
 support, number of employees, collaborative arrangements, R&D activities,
 regions.  
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 939-965 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500188753 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500188753 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eric Hoppenbrouwer 
Author-X-Name-First: Eric 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoppenbrouwer 
Author-Name: Erik Louw 
Author-X-Name-First: Erik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Louw 
Title: Mixed-use development: Theory and practice in Amsterdam's Eastern Docklands 
Abstract:
   During the last few decades mixed-use development
 has become an important planning paradigm in various European and North
 American cities. However, the concept of mixed-use is ambiguous in both
 theory and practice. In this paper a typology of mixed-use developments is
 revealed to identify its major components. This typology is then applied
 to the case study area Eastern Docklands in Amsterdam which is a major
 urban transformation area in which the concept of mixed-use development
 has been implemented. It is concluded that in this area there is a good
 deal of mixing between housing and employment, but it is still unclear
 whether the strategic goals are reached. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 967-983 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2004 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500242048 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500242048 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:13:y:2004:i:7:p:967-983




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Neuman 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Neuman 
Author-Name: Jose Gavinha 
Author-X-Name-First: Jose 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gavinha 
Title: The planning dialectic of continuity and change: The evolution of metropolitan planning in Madrid-super-1  
Abstract:
   City planning deals with designing and managing
 institutions that affect the future quality of urban places. The research
 reported in this article is on the evolution of urban planning in Madrid
 from 1857 to 1995. In Madrid, important aspects of planning have changed
 over this period, while others have remained almost unaltered. The tension
 between forces supporting continuity or struggling for change provided an
 animating dialectic that explains the evolution of urban planning and its
 institutions in Spain's capital. This dialectic of continuity and change
 is inherent in the nature of planning institutions themselves, as we argue
 in the conclusion, and has important implications for planning theory. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 985-1012 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2004 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500242055 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500242055 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anne Lorentzen 
Author-X-Name-First: Anne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lorentzen 
Title: Strategies of learning in the process of transformation 
Abstract:
   The paper deals with the learning and innovation
 strategies of manufacturing companies in the economies of transformation.
 The point of departure is the development of a theoretical framework
 dealing with innovation, knowledge and learning. The case is of two
 manufacturing companies in Poland, the learning strategies of which are
 analysed and compared. These strategies have much in common and can be
 seen as quite successful. Global knowledge sourcing has become important.
 Some common problems also exist in relation to mismatches within and
 between the different knowledge bases. More selective and specialized
 strategies of learning are recommended to enhance the competitiveness of
 the companies. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1013-1033 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2004 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500242071 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500242071 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:13:y:2004:i:7:p:1013-1033




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Els   De Vos 
Author-X-Name-First: Els   De 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vos 
Title: Public parks in Ghent's City life: From expression to emancipation? 
Abstract:
   With three empirically based and theoretically
 framed case studies, this paper contributes to the understanding of how
 public spaces, more specifically urban parks, can mediate between
 different subgroups of society, such as women, seniors, gays and skaters,
 and how gender related connotations play an important role in these
 respects. This study draws upon a comparative analysis of three parks in
 Ghent, Belgium. The elements of analysis are the physical morphology,
 history, signification and the use by different kinds of park visitors.
 The article shows a new approach to design of public spaces. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1035-1061 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2004 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500242097 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500242097 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:13:y:2004:i:7:p:1035-1061




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Seamus Grimes 
Author-X-Name-First: Seamus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grimes 
Title: How well are Europe's rural businesses connected to the digital economy? 
Abstract:
   As economic activity becomes increasingly
 globalized, partly by means of new information and communication
 technologies (ICTs), one of the key expectations of European policy-makers
 was that businesses in rural regions, and particularly in peripheral rural
 regions, would overcome some of the disadvantages of their locational
 contexts, and become more effective participants in larger market areas.
 This paper examines the reality of ICT exploitation by rural business
 across Europe, based on a survey of 600 enterprises in 12 regions located
 in Ireland, Scotland, Germany, Spain, Greece and Finland. Not
 surprisingly, a range of outcomes has been identified in terms of
 telecommunications infrastructure and ICT usage, which reflect
 considerable differences in access to reasonably priced broadband
 telecommunications, awareness of how the technologies can be exploited,
 and in levels of skills to translate that exploitation into a means of
 competitiveness. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1063-1081 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2004 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500242105 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500242105 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aspa Gospodini 
Author-X-Name-First: Aspa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gospodini 
Title: Urban development, redevelopment and regeneration encouraged by transport infrastructure projects: The case study of 12 European cities 
Abstract:
   This paper attempts to describe the potential of
 urban transport infrastructure projects such as metro, regional rail and
 tram, to indirectly work as a catalyst for the development and
 redevelopment of urban areas as well as the regeneration of declining
 areas. The paper presents the outcome of research on a sample of 12
 European cities&#x2014;Athens, Bratislava, Brussels, Helsinki, Lyon,
 Madrid, Manchester, Newcastle upon Tyne, Stuttgart, Valencia, Vienna and
 Zurich. This research is part of the Transecon project which was funded by
 the European Commission under the competitive and sustainable growth
 programme of the fifth framework&#x2014; and concerned with all kinds of
 different indirect effects (economic, social and spatial) of new transport
 infrastructure investments in European cities. The outcome of the research
 points out that urban transport infrastructure may have a catalytic effect
 on the development, redevelopment and regeneration of urban areas but
 there are a lot of other influencing factors which make such
 re-urbanization processes a successful or unsuccessful story. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1083-1111 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500242121 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500242121 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tommi Inkinen 
Author-X-Name-First: Tommi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Inkinen 
Title: European coherence and regional policy? A Finnish perspective on the observed and reported territorial impacts of EU research and development policies 
Abstract:
   The present article focuses on recent analysis on
 the regional impacts of research and development (R&D) actions within the
 European Union (EU). Focus will be on exploring a report produced by the
 European Spatial Observation Network (ESPON), and essential viewpoints of
 the report will be studied from the Finnish perspective. The operating
 framework is based on social scientific methodology. The conclusions are
 based on the current evolution of the Finnish innovation and technology
 policy. Also thematic areas for further research programming and
 information needs are proposed. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1113-1121 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500242139 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500242139 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roel Rutten 
Author-X-Name-First: Roel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rutten 
Author-Name: Frans Boekema 
Author-X-Name-First: Frans 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boekema 
Title: Innovation, policy and economic growth: Theory and cases 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1131-1136 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500336436 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500336436 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Lambooy 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lambooy 
Title: Innovation and knowledge: Theory and regional policy 
Abstract:
   Innovation, as a concept, was introduced by
 Schumpeter to denote the introduction of five kinds of possible new
 approaches by entrepreneurs. The concepts of entrepreneurship and
 innovation have long been disregarded in static mainstream economics. Due
 to the acceptance of complexity and uncertainty, Schumpeter's theory is
 more difficult to model for policy purposes. Today, apart from mainstream
 economics, in particular Institutional Economics and Evolutionary
 Economics emphasize the relevance of structures and contexts, although not
 denying the decisive role of individual decision-making. During the last
 few decades, economic development and technology have shaped new
 international contexts for human economic activities and have altered our
 views on economic, political and cultural issues. Innovation theory
 teaches us that policies enhancing the development of &#x201C;creative and
 innovative regions&#x201D; are difficult to realize. Nevertheless, it is
 worth trying. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1137-1152 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500336444 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500336444 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pieter De Bruijn 
Author-X-Name-First: Pieter 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Bruijn 
Author-Name: Arnoud Lagendijk 
Author-X-Name-First: Arnoud 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lagendijk 
Title: Regional Innovation Systems in the Lisbon strategy 
Abstract:
   This contribution explores the framing of the
 concept of Regional Innovation Systems (RISs) within European economic
 policies. Regional innovation systems are analytically and empirically
 assessed within the policy context of the Lisbon strategy, with special
 reference to regional dimensions in the European Research Area. From both
 theoretical and empirical analysis it is concluded that RIS is not a
 one-dimensional concept. Although we adhere to RIS arguments as important
 determinants in economic development, the analyses presented in this
 article point out that the role of regional innovative capabilities must
 not be overemphasized. Economic development is in first instance dependent
 on national contexts. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1153-1172 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500336519 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500336519 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:13:y:2005:i:8:p:1153-1172




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Edward J. Malecki 
Author-X-Name-First: Edward J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Malecki 
Title: The United States: Still on top? 
Abstract:
   The US has been a world leader in innovation and
 knowledge activities since World War II. Because the US has become
 accustomed to a position of leadership, there is widespread
 insecurity&#x2014;maybe even paranoia&#x2014;regarding threats to its
 dominance in technology, beginning with Sputnik in 1956. This paper
 provides some details of US decline relative, in particular, to European
 countries over the past two decades, when both strengths and the
 weaknesses are evident in US innovation and technology. The US has moved
 from a position of dominance to a position of first among equals, in line
 with a more widely distributed pattern of science and technological
 capabilities. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1173-1192 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500336535 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500336535 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:13:y:2005:i:8:p:1173-1192




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alfred Kleinknecht 
Author-X-Name-First: Alfred 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kleinknecht 
Author-Name: C.W.M. Naastepad 
Author-X-Name-First: C.W.M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Naastepad 
Title: The Netherlands: Failure of a neo-classical policy agenda 
Abstract:
   The neo-classical plea for flexibilizing European
 labour markets is strong and convincing within a static general
 equilibrium framework, but it is counter-productive for dynamic
 Schumpeterian efficiency. Taking the example of the US and the
 Netherlands, we argue that more flexible labour relations and reduction of
 wage-cost pressure did indeed unleash high job growth, but gave negative
 incentives to labour productivity growth and innovation. Our illustration
 with macro figures is supported by evidence from micro data. Firms in the
 Netherlands that realized substantial wage savings due to flexible labour
 relations do not realize above-average sales growth; and there are
 indications that they realized lower labour productivity growth.
 Anglo-Saxon &#x201C;hire and fire&#x201D; labour relations can be
 favourable for &#x201C;entrepreneurial&#x201D; innovation regimes, but
 they may be harmful for &#x201C;routinized&#x201D; innovation regimes that
 are dependent on a continuous historical accumulation of knowledge. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1193-1203 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500336550 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500336550 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gerrit Rooks 
Author-X-Name-First: Gerrit 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rooks 
Author-Name: Leon Oerlemans 
Author-X-Name-First: Leon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Oerlemans 
Title: South Africa: A rising star? assessing the X-effectiveness of South Africa's national system of innovation 
Abstract:
   This paper assesses the X-effectiveness of South
 Africa's national system of innovation. It focuses on problems that occur
 in innovation projects, assuming that those problems are indicators of the
 effectiveness of flows of different institutions into South African
 innovators. An analysis of some macro-economic trends shows that the South
 African economy is a &#x201C;two-world economy&#x201D;, a characterization
 that sets the stage for the performance of the country's innovation
 system. Our findings on a whole suggest that relatively inefficient
 functioning institutions hamper South African innovators. As a result,
 compared to some European countries, some vital ingredients of innovation
 are not adequately provided. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1205-1226 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500336584 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500336584 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: P&#xE4;ivi Oinas 
Author-X-Name-First: P&#xE4;ivi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Oinas 
Title: Finland: A success story? 
Abstract:
   The Finnish economy has done enormously well in
 recent international comparisons of technological advancement and economic
 competitiveness; it has reached a notable runner-up position in just a
 couple of decades, measured by a range of indicators. The paper looks at
 the process of national scale competitiveness building in a historical
 perspective and discusses the reasons for the Finnish success. It analyses
 the main actors and features in the national innovation system and seeks
 befitting characterizations of the country-specific social capital that
 are believed to have provided the resource base for the competitiveness of
 the Finnish technology sector and the economy at large. Lastly, the paper
 takes up issues related to the sustainability of the system in light of
 contemporary understanding of what creates competitive advantage in the
 present-day world economy. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1227-1244 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 13 
Year: 2005 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500336618 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500336618 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andreas Koch 
Author-X-Name-First: Andreas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Koch 
Author-Name: Thomas Stahlecker 
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stahlecker 
Title: Regional innovation systems and the foundation of knowledge intensive business services. A comparative study in Bremen, Munich, and Stuttgart, Germany 
Abstract:
   Knowledge intensive business services (KIBS) are
 believed to be one of the main drivers of technological change,
 innovation, and economic progress. Although firm foundations play a
 crucial role among KIBS, entrepreneurship research has hardly ever
 investigated the sector. As firm founders in early stages of their firms'
 development mostly draw on regional resources, and as the provision of the
 services is an interactive process, &#x201C;proximity&#x201D; between the
 different actors of the particular territorial innovation and production
 system clearly matters. This contribution analyses the interrelationships
 between KIBS foundations and their respective innovation and production
 systems by performing qualitative and conceptual in-depth studies of three
 German metropolitan regions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 123-146 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2004 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500417830 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500417830 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pasi Rikkonen 
Author-X-Name-First: Pasi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rikkonen 
Author-Name: Jyrki Aakkula 
Author-X-Name-First: Jyrki 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aakkula 
Author-Name: Jari Kaivo-oja 
Author-X-Name-First: Jari 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaivo-oja 
Title: How can future long-term changes in finnish agriculture and agricultural policy be faced? defining strategic agendas on the basis of a delphi study 
Abstract:
   In this article, the main strategic focuses
 facing Finnish agriculture in the future are presented. These strategic
 focuses were studied using a Delphi technique by experts within the
 Finnish agri-food sector. Based on this study, the top 10-points and a
 strategic challenge evaluation of the key topics within the agricultural
 policy agenda are presented. The future pressures on Finnish agriculture
 in three dimensions, by importance, by difference in desirable and
 probable future images, and by certainty rating are examined. The study
 also extends its scrutiny on those topics that are less important
 according to the panel. In conclusion, a synthesis of the strategic
 challenges facing the agricultural sector is presented. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 147-168 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2004 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500417962 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500417962 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sedef Akg&#xFC;ng&#xF6;r 
Author-X-Name-First: Sedef 
Author-X-Name-Last: Akg&#xFC;ng&#xF6;r 
Title: Geographic concentrations in Turkey's manufacturing industry: identifying regional highpoint clusters1 
Abstract:
   The theory of economic development based on
 industry clusters emphasizes the importance of co-location of firms or
 industries with potential to share technical information and knowledge
 transfer. The paper identifies industry cluster templates in Turkey using
 the 1996 Turkish input/output table. Engineering and textile clusters are
 the largest ones with respect to the number of establishments and
 employment. Majority of manufacturing clusters are located in
 &#x130;stanbul, &#x130;zmir, Ankara/K&#x131;r&#x131;kkale and
 &#xC7;ukurova districts. The study points out the importance of newly
 developing centres near the periphery of Ankara and several production
 centres in Anatolia. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 169-197 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2004 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500418002 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500418002 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:14:y:2004:i:2:p:169-197




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michelle Norris 
Author-X-Name-First: Michelle 
Author-X-Name-Last: Norris 
Title: Developing, designing and managing mixed tenure estates: implementing planning gain legislation in the Republic of Ireland1 
Abstract:
   This article reports the results of research on
 the implementation of recent legislation which enables Irish local
 authorities to require that up to 20% of new residential developments must
 be employed for social housing and for &#x201C;affordable housing&#x201D;
 for sale at below market value to low income households. The legislation
 will mean that most new residential developments will include several
 housing tenures. A survey of the number of mixed tenure estates
 constructed prior to its enactment indicates that, that without this
 legislation, few estates of this type would have been constructed in urban
 areas. Furthermore case studies of existing mixed tenure estates indicate
 that the prospects that this legislation can be successfully implemented
 are good. Opposition to tenure mixing among home buyers is less than some
 interest groups have claimed; there is little conflict between the
 residents of the different tenures in these estates and social housing
 managers and property developers hold similar views on the most
 appropriate design of these estates. However successful implementation of
 the legislation will require some reforms to arrangements for the planning
 and management of the developments subject to its provisions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 199-218 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2004 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500418085 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500418085 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:14:y:2004:i:2:p:199-218




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marian Rizov 
Author-X-Name-First: Marian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rizov 
Title: Rural development perspectives in enlarging Europe: The implications of CAP reforms and agricultural transition in accession countries 
Abstract:
   The purpose of this paper is to put into an
 appropriate theoretical frame the rural development issues in enlarging
 Europe and to analyse the rural development perspectives in the European
 Union (EU) accession countries. Based on comparisons of developments in
 the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and features of the rural areas in
 incumbent EU member states with the status of the rural sectors in
 accession countries, implications for the future of CAP are discussed. It
 is argued that despite coming from different development doctrines, the
 dominant rural sector&#x2014;agriculture&#x2014;in both eastern and
 western Europe is similarly characterized by dual structure. Thus,
 emphasis on rural development structural policies currently being promoted
 by the reforming CAP can be fruitful in both new and incumbent member
 states. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 219-238 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2004 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500418101 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500418101 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:14:y:2004:i:2:p:219-238




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Heather Campbell 
Author-X-Name-First: Heather 
Author-X-Name-Last: Campbell 
Author-Name: Robert Marshall 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marshall 
Title: Towards justice in planning: A reappraisal 
Abstract:
   The concept of justice is central to a political
 activity such as planning. This is reflected in the initial influence of
 consequentialism, particularly utilitarian conceptualizations, in planning
 thought and more recently in the application of Rawls' notion of
 &#x201C;justice as fairness&#x201D; and Habermas' &#x201C;discourse
 ethics&#x201D;. However, contemporary normative planning theory has been
 vigorously criticized by studies which take as their starting point the
 material realities of planning practices. In this paper it is argued that
 notwithstanding the crucial contributions of Habermas and Rawls to
 political philosophy their constitutional level conceptualizations were
 never intended to be applied to the task of situated judgement associated
 with the highly contested decisions at the heart of the planning activity.
 Consequently, the issue for the planning community is not so much can the
 concepts of justice embodied in Rawls' &#x201C;justice as fairness&#x201D;
 or Habermas' &#x201C;discourse ethics&#x201D; be found in practice but
 could they ever. More generally it has been argued that the inevitable
 abstraction in liberal theories of justice comes so close to idealization
 that their ability to help individuals and societies to address the
 question of &#x201C;what is to be done?&#x201D; is seriously called in to
 doubt. This in turn has led to concern that an adequate account of justice
 should be able to link abstract principles to context sensitive judgement
 of particular cases. The paper explores some implications of these debates
 for the future development of theory and practice in planning. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 239-252 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2004 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500418192 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500418192 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:14:y:2004:i:2:p:239-252




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Karina M. Pallagst 
Author-X-Name-First: Karina M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pallagst 
Title: European spatial planning reloaded: Considering EU enlargement in theory and practice 
Abstract:
   The territorial expansion of the European Union
 (EU) to the new central and eastern European member states raises
 difficult challenges for European spatial planning. In almost the same
 manner as structural policy, the conceptual side of European spatial
 planning has to acknowledge that with enlargement a quantum leap regarding
 its politics and policy is about to occur. While reflecting on discussions
 about EU's regional policy and spatial planning on the European level, and
 sketching a theoretical background, this paper proposes a new way of
 conceptualizing European spatial planning, taking central and eastern
 European spatial planning&#x2014;perhaps as a new epistemic
 community&#x2014;into consideration. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 253-272 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2006 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500418259 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500418259 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:14:y:2006:i:2:p:253-272




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jussi S. Jauhiainen 
Author-X-Name-First: Jussi S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jauhiainen 
Title: Demographic, employment and administrative challenges for urban policies in Estonia 
Abstract:
   Estonia is according to the size, population and
 gross domestic product one of the smallest countries in the European
 Union. I discuss the challenges of demography, employment and territorial
 administrative organisation that are the main structural factors behind
 regional development in Estonia. Selected functional urban regions (FUR)
 are the most competitive regions in Estonia. So far the FURs have not been
 deeply considered in national, regional or innovation policies. A key
 strategy is to enhance urban policies by pooling public and private
 innovation-supportive actors, institutions and human resources within and
 between FURs. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 273-283 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2006 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500418291 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500418291 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:14:y:2006:i:2:p:273-283




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Uta Hohn 
Author-X-Name-First: Uta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hohn 
Author-Name: Birgit Neuer 
Author-X-Name-First: Birgit 
Author-X-Name-Last: Neuer 
Title: New urban governance: Institutional change and consequences for urban development 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 291-298 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2006 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500420750 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500420750 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:14:y:2006:i:3:p:291-298




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patsy Healey 
Author-X-Name-First: Patsy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Healey 
Title: Transforming governance: Challenges of institutional adaptation and a new politics of space1 
Abstract:
   In the context of the widespread recognition of
 significant changes in urban and regional governance in Europe, this paper
 explores the ways of understanding the dynamics of these changes and
 comments on the implications for recent themes in contemporary debates
 about urban governance&#x2014;the extent of the re-scaling of governance
 arenas and networks, the role of a territorial focus in the new urban
 governance, the emergence of new forms of politics and the balance of
 progressive versus regressive potentials in the &#x201C;new&#x201D;
 governance. A brief introduction raises questions about the nature of the
 perceived experimentation and fragmentation in contemporary urban
 governance. The paper then outlines an emerging &#x201C;sociological
 institutionalist&#x201D; approach to governance transformation processes
 which links together the worlds of actors in episodes of governance with
 the rhythm of established governance processes&#x2014;networks, discourses
 and practices, and the deeper cultural assumptions which give authority
 and legitimacy to actors and processes. The arguments are then illustrated
 through examples of governance initiatives from different arenas within a
 particular urban region, all of which to an extent challenge established
 discourses and practices. The paper concludes with some comments on how to
 interpret the broader significance and trajectory of transformative shifts
 in urban governance processes. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 299-320 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500420792 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500420792 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:14:y:2005:i:3:p:299-320




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephanie Bock 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephanie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bock 
Title: &#x201C;City 2030&#x201D;&#x2014;21 cities in quest of the future: New forms of urban and regional governance 
Abstract:
   In the quest for solutions to the need to
 reconcile planning for the future and making decisions for today by local
 government the German Federal Ministry for Education and Research
 organized an ideas competition in mid-2000 under the heading &#x201C;City
 2030&#x201D;. The prize-winning transdisciplinary and interdisciplinary
 project groups had to develop ideas about the future and the appropriate
 implementation approaches. This article works out that the concentration
 on the process dimension points to the relevance of new forms of
 governance in urban and regional strategic thinking. The development of
 new governance models is discussed as an indispensable element in
 developing the future at the local government level. What is new in the
 &#x201C;City 2030&#x201D; research programme is the use of regional
 cooperation and integrative participation models to stimulate and provoke
 municipal and inter-municipal learning processes. The article concludes
 with the first results of the accompanying research and shows that these
 learning processes not only linked long-term perspectives with short-term
 options for action that transcend municipal boundaries, they also offered
 new actors scope for participation and collaboration by developing new
 forms of governance. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 321-334 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500420818 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500420818 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andreas Keil 
Author-X-Name-First: Andreas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Keil 
Title: New urban governance processes on the level of neighbourhoods 
Abstract:
   The spatial concentration of multi-dimensional
 problems in parts of urban areas and the related trend towards
 socio-economic and ethnical fragmentations is a known but unanswered
 question in international urban research as well as of high
 socio-political relevance. The present study analyses a new model of
 governing at the urban level which can be described by &#x201C;New Urban
 Governance&#x201D; and the influence it has on the development of urban
 areas. Beside the term &#x201C;governance&#x201D; key terms such as
 &#x201C;network of actors&#x201D;, &#x201C;change of institutions&#x201D;,
 &#x201C;participation&#x201D;, &#x201C;empowerment&#x201D;,
 &#x201C;activating state&#x201D; or &#x201C;civil society&#x201D; are
 involved in this study, too. In line with a multi-level analysis of New
 Urban Governance processes the small-dimensional level of a neighbourhood
 is important here entailing two other topics like &#x201C;neighbourhood
 management&#x201D; and &#x201C;neighbourhood governance&#x201D;. With a
 view to an integrated sustainable urban development the transformation of
 the urban political-administrative control system into a New Urban
 Governance culture is analysed in an example of the URBAN II operational
 programme implemented in Dortmund-Nordstadt where neighbourhood approaches
 and integrated action programmes are being tried out. The objective of
 this study is to disclose the connections between actions of actors,
 political-administrative structures and relevant institutions, the
 disputes over &#x201C;space and power&#x201D; as well as the utilization,
 adaptation and shaping of place between &#x201C;top-down&#x201D; and
 &#x201C;bottom-up&#x201D; strategies against a background of a modern
 institutional and action-theoretical-orientated geographic urban research
 to detect entrenched obstacles to and prospects for urban development
 programmes. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 335-364 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500420826 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500420826 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Heiko Schmid 
Author-X-Name-First: Heiko 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schmid 
Title: Privatized urbanity or a politicized society? Reconstruction in Beirut after the civil war 
Abstract:
   After 16 years of civil war in Lebanon, with
 massive destruction and, in the end, a fragmented society, the
 reconstruction of Beirut has been very difficult, with the marginalized
 state stepping back early on in favour of a private reconstruction under
 the leadership of the businessman and later Prime Minister Hariri. For the
 successful implementation of the reconstruction Hariri established a
 private real estate company that not only expropriated the former tenants
 and owners, but also evacuated the refugees who had occupied properties in
 the deserted city centre. The reconstruction of Beirut is characterized by
 the exclusion of most of the protagonists involved. Tenants, owners, and
 refugees, but also the former elites from politics, science and society
 were replaced by a group of newcomers, war-profiteers and investors. The
 decision-making therefore was strongly profit-orientated and often took
 place behind closed doors. In Beirut a radical new concept of urban
 development and urban governance has been implemented that led to a
 &#x201C;privatization of the urban&#x201D;. Due to the profit orientation
 and the exclusion of the protagonists involved, the reconstruction of
 Beirut's downtown triggered a highly controversial public debate and
 resulted in a substantial &#x201C;political mobilization&#x201D; of
 Lebanese society. For the first time after the civil war, Lebanese society
 dared to speak up and publicly comment on the reconstruction. The
 political mobilization of the society was accompanied by a subsequent
 &#x201C;medialization&#x201D; of the conflict: The struggle over the
 reconstruction was negotiated to a large part through the media where
 initiators and critics tried to promote their strategic visions for the
 reconstruction. Regarding a New Urban Governance, post-war urban
 development in Beirut was realized mainly within a framework of democratic
 society. Nevertheless the process of reconstruction is characterized by an
 exclusion of most of the protagonists involved and by a strong market
 orientation which often disregarded public interests. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 365-381 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500420859 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500420859 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sim&#xF3;n Sosvilla-Rivero 
Author-X-Name-First: Sim&#xF3;n 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sosvilla-Rivero 
Author-Name: Oscar Bajo-Rubio 
Author-X-Name-First: Oscar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bajo-Rubio 
Author-Name: Carmen Díaz-Rold&#xE1;n 
Author-X-Name-First: Carmen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Díaz-Rold&#xE1;n 
Title: Assessing the effectiveness of the EU's regional policies on real convergence: An analysis based on the HERMIN model 
Abstract:
   In this paper, an alternative methodology for the
 assessment of the European Union's (EU's) regional policies is proposed,
 making use of the HERMIN macro-econometric model. A major feature of this
 approach is that it allows the comparison of the actual evolution of the
 economy under analysis, with and without European funds, so that it is
 possible to assess in a more accurate way the effectiveness of the EU aid
 over the period of analysis. An empirical application of the methodology
 is also offered, using as a case study an Objective 1 Spanish region,
 Castilla-La Mancha, traditionally backward but showing in the last years a
 special dynamism. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 383-396 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2006 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500420933 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500420933 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John McCarthy 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: McCarthy 
Title: The application of policy for cultural clustering: Current practice in Scotland 
Abstract:
   The arts and cultural sectors have been used by
 many cities in recent decades to bring about effects such as economic
 diversification, image enhancement, and increased social cohesion. In
 Scotland, such approaches have been encouraged by the Scottish Executive
 which has prepared a National Cultural Strategy to ensure that maximum
 benefit is obtained from cultural development, together with guidance for
 local authorities in how to implement such a strategy. An important
 mechanism used in Scottish cities in this context is the encouragement of
 cultural clustering by means of &#x201C;cultural quarters&#x201D;, namely
 areas that contain a high proportion of cultural uses and are considered
 appropriate for further concentration of such uses. They may involve uses
 related to cultural production or cultural consumption, or both, and
 further spatial concentration is assumed to lead to synergy, agglomeration
 economies and minimization of amenity loss. However, the designation of
 such quarters is contested. First, the notion of cultural clustering and
 designation of cultural quarters in principle may be questioned in terms
 of its contribution to urban regeneration; and second, there is contention
 over the optimum orientation of such quarters&#x2014;for instance whether
 they should be oriented primarily to consumption, production or both. The
 cases of cultural quarters in Dundee (formally-designated) and Glasgow
 (informally-designated) are compared to explore these issues and to
 highlight conclusions for practice in the field of culture-led
 regeneration. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 397-408 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2006 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500420958 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500420958 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ron Griffiths 
Author-X-Name-First: Ron 
Author-X-Name-Last: Griffiths 
Title: City/culture discourses: Evidence from the competition to select the European capital of culture 2008 
Abstract:
   In the current era of globalization,
 manufacturing decline and place marketing, many cities have turned to
 culture as a favoured means of gaining competitive advantage. The European
 Capital of Culture (ECOC) programme has been a significant catalyst for
 culture-led regeneration. In 2008 the ECOC title will be held by a UK
 city, and in 2000 the UK government launched a major competition to decide
 the nomination. This article reports on a study of three of the cities
 that participated in the competition: Liverpool, Cardiff and Bristol. The
 main aim of the study was to explore how far the Capital of Culture
 process in the UK had led to fresh thinking on what culture can do for a
 city. The paper has three main sections. First, it gives a brief account
 of the background of the ECOC programme and briefly reviews evidence on
 the impacts of the programme to date. Second, it outlines the process that
 was used to decide the UK nomination. It then looks in more detail at the
 experience of the three case study cities, examining in particular the
 discourses of culture and the city that seem to be at work in their ECOC
 bids. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 415-430 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500421048 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500421048 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luciana Lazzeretti 
Author-X-Name-First: Luciana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lazzeretti 
Title: Density Dependent Dynamics in the Arezzo jewellery district (1947--2001): Focus on foundings 
Abstract:
   With this paper, the purpose is to test new
 theoretical and empirical tools to explain the deep changes that Italian
 industrial districts are experiencing. This issue is addressed by means of
 the evolutionist-multidisciplinary approach, and a mixture of qualitative
 and quantitative methodologies. Reliance is on the theoretical background
 of organizational ecology, and particularly on the theories of
 density-dependence. The focus of study is therefore: (a) the internal
 structure of district organization-forms and (b) their evolution, which
 means moving from a structural to a process-dynamic perspective. Drawing
 upon the seminal work of Hannan, Freeman and Carroll, their insights into
 the traditional conceptualization of Marshallian industrial districts as
 defined by Becattini are investigated. The paper analyses the evolution of
 the Arezzo jewellery industrial district according to the HEDRON
 methodology over the period 1947--2001 and investigates the firms' vital
 processes at a community level by grouping organizational populations into
 three multi-populations (complete-cycle, subcontractor, and trade and
 instrumental goods). The data used to reconstruct life histories was
 collected from the Firms Directory (<italic>Registro ditte</italic>) of
 the Arezzo Chamber of Commerce: in total, more than 34,000 records were
 considered, including 3610 foundings and 1618 failures. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 431-458 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500421055 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500421055 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roberto Ezcurra 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ezcurra 
Author-Name: Pedro Pascual 
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pascual 
Author-Name: Manuel Rap&#xFA;n 
Author-X-Name-First: Manuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rap&#xFA;n 
Title: Regional polarization in the European Union 
Abstract:
   This paper examines the level and evolution of
 polarization in regional per capita income in the European Union between
 1977 and 1999. In this analysis, non-parametric estimation techniques are
 combined with the calculation of various polarization measures. The
 results obtained suggest a decrease in regional polarization in the
 European context during the period analysed, as a consequence of various
 factors, at times working in opposite directions. The findings also reveal
 the existence of discrepancies between the evolution of polarization and
 regional inequality. Finally, the analysis carried out highlights the
 importance of the role played by the national component and the spatial
 dimension in the formation of homogeneous groups of regions linked by
 similar development levels in the distribution under study. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 459-484 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2004 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500421089 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500421089 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alessia Amighini 
Author-X-Name-First: Alessia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Amighini 
Author-Name: Roberta Rabellotti 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rabellotti 
Title: How do Italian footwear industrial districts face globalization? 
Abstract:
   This paper examines the impact of globalization
 of production on the Italian footwear sector and investigates the
 structural changes taking place in some shoe districts as they join
 international production networks. The following questions are discussed:
 Are Italian footwear districts specializing in particular phases of the
 production cycle? Is there a trend towards the reduction of activities
 carried out within districts? Or are different patterns emerging according
 to the districts' main market segment and to the value chains (e.g. luxury
 fashion market or mass market) they belong to? The study explores these
 issues using data on outward processing trade (OPT) collected by
 Associazione Nazionale Calzaturieri Italiani (ANCI) to analyse the
 fragmentation of production in the footwear sector at
 &#x201C;provincia&#x201D; level. The available disaggregation of data
 allows an investigation of the different outsourcing strategies and
 emerging trends within the district. Two case studies are presented; one
 on Riviera del Brenta in Veneto and the other on Barletta in Puglia. In
 the footwear districts investigated, evidence of different international
 delocalization strategies is found. It is argued that these different
 patterns of specialization are closely related to the clusters' market
 position and suggest that these patterns influence the clusters' potential
 for future competitiveness. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 485-502 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2004 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500421105 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500421105 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Glasson 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Glasson 
Author-Name: Andrew Chadwick 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chadwick 
Author-Name: Helen   Lawton Smith 
Author-X-Name-First: Helen   Lawton 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith 
Title: Defining, explaining and managing high-tech growth: The case of Oxfordshire 
Abstract:
   The formerly sleepy, rural county of Oxfordshire
 is now one of Europe's leading centres of enterprise, innovation and
 knowledge. It is a hotspot for high-tech manufacturing and service
 employment. But what is behind this phenomenon, and to what extent has it
 been managed? This paper sets out the facts, and explores the underlying
 factors. It starts with a number of definitional questions and approaches
 used in the research. It concludes with an examination of the role of
 planning in the process&#x2014;and the extent to which is has helped or
 hindered the rise of &#x201C;Enterprising Oxford&#x201D;. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 503-524 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2004 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500421147 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500421147 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patsy Healey 
Author-X-Name-First: Patsy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Healey 
Title: Relational complexity and the imaginative power of strategic spatial planning1 
Abstract:
   This paper explores the imaginations of place and
 spatial organization and of governance mobilized in recent experiences of
 strategic spatial planning for urban regions in Europe. Drawing on
 examples of such experiences, it examines how far these imaginations
 reflect a relational understanding of spatial dynamics and of governance
 processes. Spatial imaginations are assessed in terms of the nature of the
 spatial consciousness expressed in a strategy, the way the multiple scales
 of the social relations of a place are conceived, and the extent to which
 relational complexity is understood and reflected in a strategy.
 Governance imaginations are assessed in terms of how the relation between
 government and society is imagined, how the tensions between
 functional/sectoral and territorial principles of policy organization are
 addressed, and what assumptions are made about the nature and trajectory
 of transformative processes in governance dynamics. The paper concludes
 that signs of a recognition of the &#x201C;relational complexity&#x201D;
 of urban and regional dynamics and of territorially-focused governance
 processes can be found in these experiences, but a relational
 understanding is weakly-developed and often displaced by more traditional
 ways of seeing place/space and governance process. The paper concludes
 with some comments on the challenge of developing a stronger understanding
 of &#x201C;relational complexity&#x201D; within strategic spatial planning
 endeavours. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 525-546 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2004 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500421196 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500421196 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Brigitte Adam 
Author-X-Name-First: Brigitte 
Author-X-Name-Last: Adam 
Title: Medium-sized cities in urban regions 
Abstract:
   A research project of the German Federal Office
 for Building and Regional Planning focussed on the role and the
 perspectives of medium-sized cities in urban regions. Quantitative and
 qualitative research approaches were combined. The main results concretize
 the development, the functions and the perspectives of medium-sized
 cities. Simultaneously, the role of medium-sized cities was investigated
 in the regional context, considering that in urban regions the hierarchy
 of large, medium-sized and small cities is overlapped by network
 structures. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 547-555 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2006 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500421220 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500421220 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:14:y:2006:i:4:p:547-555




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: V.   Atilla Oven 
Author-X-Name-First: V.   Atilla 
Author-X-Name-Last: Oven 
Author-Name: Dilek Pekdemir 
Author-X-Name-First: Dilek 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pekdemir 
Title: Perceptions of office rent determinants by real estate brokerage firms in Istanbul 
Abstract:
   Studies on the office rent prediction models have
 been on the rise for the last quarter of this century. The extent of
 variables used in the proposed models changes significantly, reflecting
 variations in locational and/or economical conditions of the region. The
 viewpoint of brokerage firms on the effectiveness of these academically
 defined variables is important. The benefit of obtaining these viewpoints
 is two-fold. Firstly, it will provide some evidence on whether or not the
 reported influences of these variables remain the same in different
 markets, in this case, in the I&#x2D9;stanbul office market. Secondly, it
 may define how well practitioners' criteria fit academically defined
 variables during the decision-making process for a new office investment,
 especially in the I&#x2D9;stanbul office market. The study derives the
 currently well established locational, building, econometric and contract
 variables from previously published research. Two different influence
 scales of these variables were constructed. The first scale was based on
 the result of a survey study administrated to 10 leading real estate
 brokerage firms in I&#x2D9;stanbul and the second was based on the
 reported influences from previous publications. Comparing the influence
 scales, contradictory and parallel findings were determined, indicative
 conclusions, revealing the unique structure of I&#x2D9;stanbul, were
 drawn. Among the 47 comparable office rent variables, the influence of 17
 was found to agree well in both scales. Except econometric variables, most
 variables in I&#x2D9;stanbul revealed different influences than globally
 determined influences. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 557-576 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2006 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500421246 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500421246 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ulrich Hilpert 
Author-X-Name-First: Ulrich 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hilpert 
Title: Knowledge in the region: Introduction to the special issue 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 577-579 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2006 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500500072 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500500072 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ulrich Hilpert 
Author-X-Name-First: Ulrich 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hilpert 
Title: Knowledge in the region: Development based on tradition, culture and change 
Abstract:
   Regional development is characterized by
 different types of knowledge from science, tradition, culture, industrial
 application, etc. Some of this knowledge is from the individual region,
 some is brought into the region and others need to be built up to provide
 a new knowledge base. Socio-economic development refers to such sources
 and takes advantage of the different regional societies' orientations in
 constantly modernizing these competences. Since enterprises can make
 economic use of knowledge only when it is marketable, some sources of, for
 example, traditional knowledge need to be continued for future use. This
 is of public interest and demands particular policy design addressed to
 both knowledge keepers and users. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 581-599 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500500213 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500500213 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:14:y:2005:i:5:p:581-599




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dietmar Bastian 
Author-X-Name-First: Dietmar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bastian 
Title: Modes of knowledge migration: Regional assimilation of knowledge and the politics of bringing knowledge into the region 
Abstract:
   The dynamics of complex processes of knowledge
 migration are strongly influenced by the receptiveness of the territorial
 background such as nations, regions or locations. With regard to a
 regional assimilation of new knowledge the processes of knowledge
 migration offer several opportunities for regional policy-making that aim
 at bringing knowledge into the region. In order to understand knowledge
 beyond its &#x201C;visible&#x201D; or &#x201C;measurable&#x201D; aspects,
 a further cultural element has to be added to the standard set of
 socio-economic indicators, which constitute the collective explicit
 knowledge in a region. This cultural element, in contrast, refers to the
 collective tacit knowledge dimension in regional development that allows
 us to understand the prospects for a regional assimilation of new
 knowledge and to explain socio-economic variations among regions beyond
 the mechanical logic of statistics-based rankings and foresights. Regional
 knowledge culture is therefore conceived as the product of collective
 explicit and collective implicit (or tacit) knowledge components. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 601-619 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500500106 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500500106 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Antonio   G. Calafati 
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio   G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Calafati 
Title: &#x201C;Traditional knowledge&#x201D; and local development trajectories 
Abstract:
   This paper discusses the concept of
 &#x201C;traditional knowledge&#x201D;: its definition, economic
 significance and role in shaping regional development trajectories. After
 outlining a conceptual framework for the analysis of traditional
 knowledge, the paper examines the changing position of traditional
 knowledge in two Italian regions that have followed quite different
 development trajectories since the 1950s: the &#x201C;Sibillini Mountains
 Region&#x201D;, which has one of the most complex human landscapes in
 Europe, and the &#x201C;Marche Region footwear industrial
 district&#x201D;, one of the best performing territories in Italy during
 the decades 1950--2000. The analysis seems to corroborate the hypothesis
 that the role of traditional knowledge depends on a complex interplay
 between meta-preferences, relative prices and technologies co-evolving in
 time. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 621-639 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500500148 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500500148 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael   A. Goldberg 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael   A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Goldberg 
Title: Knowledge creation, use and innovation: The role of urban and regional innovation strategies and policies 
Abstract:
   The paper discusses the creation, use and
 innovation of knowledge by focussing on Canadian urban and regional
 innovation strategies and policies. The concept of &#x201C;place&#x201D;
 together with other standard concepts of regional innovation research is
 applied to the Canadian province British Columbia and, in particular, to
 Greater Vancouver as well as to potentially innovative Canadian regions
 such Okanagan, Prince Rupert and Prince George. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 641-664 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500500171 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500500171 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:14:y:2005:i:5:p:641-664




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vijai   P. Singh 
Author-X-Name-First: Vijai   P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Singh 
Author-Name: Thomas Allen 
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Allen 
Title: Institutional contexts for scientific innovation and economic transformation 
Abstract:
   The paper analyses the institutional framework
 for scientific and economic transformation by discussing the role of
 universities in the context of knowledge creation. Pittsburgh with its
 industrial history related to steel production is taken as an example that
 illustrates the impact of the scientific innovation for processes of
 economic restructuring based on regional knowledge. The Digital Greenhouse
 and the Life Sciences Greenhouse initiatives give evidence of the
 political opportunities at the regional level. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 665-679 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500500205 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500500205 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:14:y:2005:i:5:p:665-679




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jesper Norus 
Author-X-Name-First: Jesper 
Author-X-Name-Last: Norus 
Title: Building sustainable competitive advantage from knowledge in the region: The industrial enzymes industry 
Abstract:
   This paper analyses the foundations of regional
 knowledge and its long-term impact on the region's companies' and how a
 particular knowledge has developed an ability to stay competitive within a
 specific technological field. The case illustrates how the Copenhagen
 region has been able to develop a dominating position in the global market
 for industrial enzymes from 1870--2004. The case of industrial enzymes
 shows how a region has been able to build sustainable competitive
 advantages from its distinctive competencies. This is done through a
 mixture of outsourcing and in sourcing of competencies, knowledge and
 technologies from other regions in a ramified set of interacting networks. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 681-696 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500500239 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500500239 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:14:y:2005:i:5:p:681-696




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Desmond Hickie 
Author-X-Name-First: Desmond 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hickie 
Title: Knowledge and competitiveness in the aerospace industry: The cases of toulouse, seattle and north-west England 
Abstract:
   The study reviews the development of the
 aerospace industry in three regions over a 60 year period by analysing the
 extent to which regional development has been dependent upon knowledge
 related factors. The aerospace industry is of particular interest (a) as
 an assembly and high-technology industry that inevitably involves a high
 level of inter-company collaboration, (b) due to its dependence on
 government support, (c) given the internationalized character of aerospace
 industry, and (d) for its development in various regions. The examples of
 Toulouse, Seattle and the north-west of England present interesting
 contrasts in their roles in knowledge generation and dissemination. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 697-716 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500500254 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500500254 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:14:y:2005:i:5:p:697-716




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yi-Min Chen 
Author-X-Name-First: Yi-Min 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen 
Author-Name: Feng-Jyh Lin 
Author-X-Name-First: Feng-Jyh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lin 
Title: Sources of superior performance: Industry versus firm effects among firms in Taiwan 
Abstract:
   No single mainstream
 approach&#x2014;neo-liberalism, structural-institutionalism, a flying
 geese pattern, regional networks, or economic geography&#x2014;provides
 adequate explanation of Taiwan's recent economic development. Extending
 the insights of these important perspectives, this study employs Taiwan's
 business database to examine external environment, or industry effects,
 and internal environment, or firm effects, on profitability differentials
 among firms in Taiwan by using return on assets and the economic
 performance measures economic value added and market value added. A
 variance components model is fitted to a new data set, and findings
 indicate that firm effects dominate performance while industry effects
 have little impact. The analysis reconciles results with those of previous
 studies. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 733-751 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500495968 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500495968 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:14:y:2005:i:6:p:733-751




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Antonio V&#xE1;zquez-Barquero 
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio 
Author-X-Name-Last: V&#xE1;zquez-Barquero 
Title: Urban development in peripheral regions of the New Europe: The case of Vigo in Galicia 
Abstract:
   The paper discusses the development of peripheral
 cities and regions in a world where economic integration is growing. The
 paper argues that the development of peripheral cities and regions depends
 on their development potential and accessibility to markets. Their
 sustainable development, however, lies in the functioning of the forces of
 development: the organization of the productive system, the diffusion of
 innovation, the territory's urban development and the change and
 adaptation of the institutional system. These are forces that govern the
 economic growth process, generate externalities, and reduce production
 costs through reciprocal interaction. The paper's discussion is based on
 the analysis of the dynamics of the city of Vigo in Galicia, a peripheral
 region of the European Union. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 753-772 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500496032 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500496032 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:14:y:2005:i:6:p:753-772




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alessandro Muscio 
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Muscio 
Title: From regional innovation systems to local innovation systems: Evidence from Italian industrial districts 
Abstract:
   The theoretical concepts of industrial district
 and regional innovation system though closely related, capture different
 aspects of regional economic development. Given the
 &#x201C;nestedness&#x201D; of a system in other systems, one regional
 innovation system can support several districts. However, in some cases,
 districts may be considered as local innovation systems with independent
 innovation patterns. In fact, the socio-economic characters of industrial
 districts can be so specific that the region's size and institutional
 framework may be inadequate in fully describing their innovation
 processes. In the case of the Italian region of Lombardy, this
 &#x201C;autonomous&#x201D; local innovation system model proliferates. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 773-789 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2004 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500496073 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500496073 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:14:y:2004:i:6:p:773-789




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: José Antonio Belso-Martínez 
Author-X-Name-First: José 
Author-X-Name-Last: Antonio Belso-Martínez 
Title: Do industrial districts influence export performance and export intensity? Evidence for Spanish SMEs' internationalization process 
Abstract:
   This paper seeks to enhance the understanding of
 the role of the industrial districts in the internationalization process
 of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The study focuses
 essentially upon the following issue: Can the location inside industrial
 districts influence the export performance and export intensity of the
 Spanish SMEs? To address this question, this study draws upon a sample of
 285 manufacturing firms located in the Valencian community (a Spanish
 region) surveyed during the period January 2000 to March 2000. It is shown
 that industrial district location, marketing differentiation,
 institutional networks, clients' networks, competitors' networks and
 global orientation of sector and company have a clear influence on firms
 export performance and export intensity. The results are basically
 consistent with the limited previous research. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 791-810 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500496115 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500496115 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:14:y:2005:i:6:p:791-810




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Title: Strategic spatial planning and contested ruralities: Insights from the republic of Ireland 
Abstract:
   Since the publication of the European Spatial
 Development Perspective (ESDP), a growing body of literature has emerged
 related to European spatial planning. Much of this literature is focused
 on the influence of the ESDP on city regions and urban policy in
 individual member states. Much less attention has been paid thus far to
 the influence of the ESDP on the formulation of spatial strategies and
 plans for rural areas. Within this context, this paper aims to explore the
 formulation of a national framework for spatial development in the
 Republic of Ireland, and in particular to examine the expression given to
 rural development and planning issues. This paper reviews the extent that
 the Irish National Spatial Strategy can provide a basis for a spatially
 defined (rather than sectoral based) rural policy by examining the policy
 construction of rurality and how this will impact on three aspects of
 rural planning policy: the conceptualization of the urban--rural
 relationship; managing rural settlements; and rural development. The paper
 concludes by developing wider lessons from the Irish example in the
 application of the European Union discourse of spatial planning to rural
 regions, and the difficulties associated with developing and implementing
 spatial policies in a deeply contested rural arena. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 811-829 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500496149 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500496149 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Greg Lloyd 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Greg Lloyd 
Author-Name: Deborah Peel 
Author-X-Name-First: Deborah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Peel 
Title: Devolution, decentralization and dispersal: Asserting the spatiality of the public sector in Scotland 
Abstract:
   Through a case study of Scottish Natural Heritage
 (SNH), a Non-Departmental Public Body in Scotland, this article considers
 the arguments associated with changes in public sector location in the UK
 in the wider context of devolution and decentralization. The policy issues
 of location and relocation are discussed in light of the wider government
 interest in modernization, spatial planning and regional development. The
 case study illustrates an active concern in Scotland with the
 decentralization of decision-making, and a move to community planning.
 Notwithstanding the perceived benefits of the government's policy
 objectives, however, the relocation process, in this instance, has proved
 to be difficult and protracted in practice, illustrating many of the
 tensions in a policy which seeks to deliver different and layered policy
 objectives. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 831-854 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500496180 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500496180 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: H.   W. Armstrong 
Author-X-Name-First: H.   W. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Armstrong 
Author-Name: P. Wells 
Author-X-Name-First: P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wells 
Title: Evaluating the governance of structural funds programmes: The case of community economic development in South Yorkshire 
Abstract:
   Methods for evaluating regional and urban
 policies have become increasingly sophisticated in recent years. However,
 this paper argues that the evaluation of Structural Funds programmes has
 systematically underplayed the effect of governance on both programme
 design and implementation. This paper uses the role of voluntary and
 community sector organizations in promoting community economic development
 initiatives within the European Union's Structural Funds programmes in
 South Yorkshire as a case study. An argument is made for extending
 evaluation methods, especially theory-based evaluation, through using
 multi-level governance as a &#x201C;theory of change&#x201D;. A key
 finding is that to explain how programmes work, evaluators need to
 consider formal partnership and management arrangements, their traditional
 focus, but also wider governance structures and the importance of informal
 policy networks. Such a focus allows for a consideration of issues such as
 resource mobilization and power. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 855-876 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2006 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500496198 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500496198 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:14:y:2006:i:6:p:855-876




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Enrico Gualini 
Author-X-Name-First: Enrico 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gualini 
Title: The rescaling of governance in Europe: New spatial and institutional rationales 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 881-904 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2006 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500496255 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500496255 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joris Voets 
Author-X-Name-First: Joris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Voets 
Author-Name: Filip De Rynck 
Author-X-Name-First: Filip 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Rynck 
Title: Rescaling territorial governance: A Flemish perspective 
Abstract:
   In this article, the complex set of driving
 factors and mechanisms that explain the evolution of territorial
 governance in Flanders in economic and spatial policy are discussed. A mix
 of both exogenous and endogenous trends has led to an increased focus on
 the sub-regional arena and to an administrative and political jungle,
 creating opportunities for &#x201C;smart&#x201D; local actors. The result
 is a broadened, strengthened, more professional &#x201C;political
 localism&#x201D;&#x2014;in part due to innovation in planning&#x2014;that
 may potentially favour innovation at the local level, on a background of
 relatively stable and unaltered political routines at the central level. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 905-922 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500496297 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500496297 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dietrich F&#xFC;rst 
Author-X-Name-First: Dietrich 
Author-X-Name-Last: F&#xFC;rst 
Title: The role of experimental regionalism in rescaling the German state 
Abstract:
   &#x201C;Experimental regionalism&#x201D; refers
 to state-induced programmes to instigate regions to cooperate for commonly
 governed processes of regional development. The research questions refer
 to whether such an approach is particularly appropriate in a
 &#x201C;stalled&#x201D; federal system with high transaction costs of
 change and if &#x201C;experimental regionalism&#x201D; could be attributed
 to &#x201C;rescaling the state&#x201D;. The argument first outlines the
 particular German difficulties in establishing &#x201C;regionalism&#x201D;
 then goes on to outline the main approaches to &#x201C;experimental
 regionalism&#x201D; and finally discusses the results addressing
 &#x201C;innovation in a sclerotic system&#x201D;, ramification effects of
 the model projects and state rescaling. The article comes to the
 conclusion that experimental regionalism triggered off learning processes
 in regionalization, that it had effects on paradigm changes of local
 politicians but that it hardly would contribute to
 &#x201C;rescaling&#x201D;, rather induce more joint-policy-making with
 regions becoming more self-asserting towards Land governments. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 923-938 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500496313 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500496313 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emmanuel Négrier 
Author-X-Name-First: Emmanuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Négrier 
Title: Rescaling French urban territories: State, local power and regional configurations in the building of new metropolitan institutions 
Abstract:
   In this article, the implementation of French
 reforms establishing new local cooperation institutions are analysed. The
 considerable numerical success, on a national scale, of this new formula
 calls for reflection on the interplay between national variables and local
 characteristics. One might be tempted to assume a very strong national
 dimension to the issues, and a major role of the state in directing
 related developments. However, an observation of the fairly impressive
 variation in local implementation highlights a marked territorial
 differentiation. Nevertheless, exchange and imitation of successful
 cooperation formulas suggest there might be a tendency towards new forms
 of convergence, less in a vertical than in a horizontal sense. The
 argument is based on three steps: a description of the system and of its
 apparent coherence, an analysis of its implementation, and an account of
 local variables, involving tendencies to both convergence and to the
 diversification of &#x201C;regional configurations&#x201D;. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 939-958 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500496354 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500496354 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:14:y:2005:i:7:p:939-958




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Willem Salet 
Author-X-Name-First: Willem 
Author-X-Name-Last: Salet 
Title: Rescaling territorial governance in the Randstad Holland: The responsiveness of spatial and institutional strategies to changing socio-economic interactions 
Abstract:
   Strategies of territorial rescaling are
 investigated in face of the emergent metropolitan configuration of
 Randstad Holland. Recent governance practices are investigated at three
 levels of scale: the urban agglomeration around the major cities, the
 urban conurbations (the northern and southern parts of the Randstad), and
 the metropolitan level of the Randstad as a whole. The frame of analysis
 interconnects economic and social interaction, spatial trends and
 policies, and institutional conditions. The crucial question is how
 institutional strategies can respond to the changeable spatial context of
 economic and social interaction. New ways need to be found to create a
 &#x201C;mutual fit&#x201D; between territorially based governmental
 institutions and trans-scalar strategies of co-production. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 959-978 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500496396 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500496396 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:14:y:2005:i:7:p:959-978




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Goodwin 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Goodwin 
Author-Name: Martin Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Author-Name: Rhys Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Rhys 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones 
Title: Devolution and economic governance in the UK: Rescaling territories and organizations 
Abstract:
   Issues of state restructuring and rescaling are
 on the political agenda across much of Western Europe, but these general
 processes of restructuring take on different inflections in different
 countries. This paper will concentrate on the case of the UK, and in
 particular will explore the ways in which devolution has provided the
 opportunity for significant changes to the UK's structures of economic
 governance. This paper explores these issues both conceptually and
 empirically. Conceptually, it modifies Jessop's strategic-relational
 approach (SRA) to state theory. Empirically, it uses case studies from
 each of the UK's devolved territories to explore the dynamic and uneven
 processes through which post-devolution state structures are being
 actively rescaled and reshaped. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 979-995 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310500496446 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310500496446 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:14:y:2005:i:7:p:979-995




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Maskell 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maskell 
Author-Name: Harald Bathelt 
Author-X-Name-First: Harald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bathelt 
Author-Name: Anders Malmberg 
Author-X-Name-First: Anders 
Author-X-Name-Last: Malmberg 
Title: Building global knowledge pipelines: The role of temporary clusters 
Abstract:
   Business people and professionals come together
 regularly at trade fairs, exhibitions, conventions, congresses, and
 conferences. Here, their latest and most advanced findings, inventions and
 products are on display to be evaluated by customers and suppliers, as
 well as by peers and competitors. Participation in events like these helps
 firms to identify the current market frontier, take stock of relative
 competitive positions and form future plans. Such events exhibit many of
 the characteristics ascribed to permanent spatial clusters, albeit in a
 temporary and intensified form. These short-lived hotspots of intense
 knowledge exchange, network building and idea generation can thus be seen
 as temporary clusters. This paper compares temporary clusters with
 permanent clusters and other types of inter-firm interactions. If regular
 participation in temporary clusters can satisfy a firm's need to learn
 through interaction with suppliers, customers, peers and rivals, why is
 the phenomenon of permanent spatial clustering of similar and related
 economic activity so pervasive? The answer, it is claimed, lies in the
 restrictions imposed upon economic activity when knowledge and ideas are
 transformed into valuable products and services. The paper sheds new light
 on how interaction among firms in current clusters coincides with
 knowledge-intensive pipelines between firms in different regions or
 clusters. In doing so, it offers a novel way of understanding how
 inter-firm knowledge relationships are organized spatially and temporally. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 997-1013 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310600852332 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310600852332 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:14:y:2005:i:8:p:997-1013




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gert-Jan Hospers 
Author-X-Name-First: Gert-Jan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hospers 
Title: Borders, bridges and branding: The transformation of the &#xD8;resund region into an imagined space 
Abstract:
   This article explores the spatial-economic
 transformation of the Scandinavian &#xD8;resund Region over the last
 decades with a focus on the role of place marketing (branding) in this
 transition process. Although the &#xD8;resund Region, in which Copenhagen
 and Malm&#xF6; cooperate, is often highlighted as a European model for
 cross-border cooperation, this paper argues for a more nuanced view. To be
 sure, the branding of the &#xD8;resund builds upon unique regional assets
 and is symbolized by visible objects (e.g. the &#xD8;resund-bridge and a
 regional logo). Still, however, the &#xD8;resund Region is an
 &#x201C;imagined space&#x201D;: the conurbation is branded as an exciting
 Euregional hub, whereas the region's inhabitants still cope with many
 day-to-day problems of cross-border integration. The article concludes
 that this mismatch between the &#xD8;resund's identity and image may
 hamper the region's future development. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1015-1033 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310600852340 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310600852340 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Franz T&#xF6;dtling 
Author-X-Name-First: Franz 
Author-X-Name-Last: T&#xF6;dtling 
Author-Name: Patrick Lehner 
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lehner 
Author-Name: Michaela Trippl 
Author-X-Name-First: Michaela 
Author-X-Name-Last: Trippl 
Title: Innovation in knowledge intensive industries: The nature and geography of knowledge links 
Abstract:
   Knowledge has become a key source of
 competitiveness for advanced regions and nations, indicating a
 transformation of capitalism towards a &#x201C;knowledge economy&#x201D;.
 Knowledge intensive sectors in production and in services have a lead in
 this respect, they can be considered as role models for the future. The
 innovation process, the mechanisms of knowledge exchange and the
 respective linkages in those industries differ quite markedly from those
 in other sectors. Clustering and local knowledge spillovers are frequently
 stated phenomena, although it is still unclear as to what the nature and
 geography of those knowledge links are. The aim of this paper is to
 examine the character of the innovation process and the type of
 interactions in those industries, in order to find out how strongly they
 are related to regional, national and international innovation systems. We
 will analyse the sources and the mechanisms of knowledge exchange and
 their relevance for innovation. The paper develops a typology of
 innovation interactions and provides empirical evidence for Austria based
 on data from a recent firm survey. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1035-1058 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310600852365 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310600852365 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carla De Laurentis 
Author-X-Name-First: Carla 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Laurentis 
Title: Regional innovation systems and the labour market: A comparison of five regions 
Abstract:
   This paper reviews the concept of Regional
 Innovation Systems with particular attention on the labour market
 dimension. It argues that the labour force as a repository of skills and
 knowledge plays a key role in generating knowledge flows within Regional
 Innovation Systems. Then, by reference to a number of important dimensions
 characterizing innovation, five regions from northern Europe are
 contrasted. In light of research undertaken by the authors the paper
 highlights the problems associated with a regional system that may hamper
 innovation and it shows that Regional Innovation Systems can be
 underdeveloped by being too dependent on public support. Accordingly a
 combination of public and private governance at the regional level to
 promote systemic innovation is advocated. The paper also shows how the
 Regional Innovation Systems can evolve and how regions can become
 increasingly developmental knowledge laboratories influencing labour
 market conditions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1059-1084 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310600852373 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310600852373 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vesa Harmaakorpi 
Author-X-Name-First: Vesa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harmaakorpi 
Title: Regional Development Platform Method (RDPM) as a tool for regional innovation policy-super-1  
Abstract:
   Regional development strategies should be based
 on the sound assessment of regional resources, as well as on forming
 dynamic capabilities aiming to develop the resource configurations in
 order to form regional competitive advantage. In this study, the concept
 &#x201C;regional development platform&#x201D; is used as a tool for
 assessing the regional potentials on which sustainable, competitive
 advantage could be built. The Regional Development Platform Method (RDPM)
 is presented as a tool for designing and managing a regional innovation
 system. It consists of eight phases, in which the underlying potential in
 the region is explored and the exploitation of the potential organized.
 The experiences gained from applying the RDPM in the Lahti region,
 Finland, are used to illustrate the article. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1085-1104 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310600852399 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310600852399 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giacomo Becattini 
Author-X-Name-First: Giacomo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Becattini 
Author-Name: Fulvio Coltorti 
Author-X-Name-First: Fulvio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Coltorti 
Title: Areas of large enterprise and industrial districts in the development of post-war Italy: A preliminary survey 
Abstract:
   Our aim in this article is to lay some
 statistical and theoretical foundations for an understanding of Italian
 post-war economic growth, by devoting special attention to what has
 happened in the hundred different &#x201C;Italies&#x201D; that go to make
 up the mosaic of this country. We have concentrated our analysis on
 comparing &#x201C;areas of large enterprise&#x201D; with
 &#x201C;industrial districts&#x201D; through a distinction between
 district provinces (IDPs), large enterprise provinces (LEPs) and other
 provinces (OPs). We investigate manufacturing industry by means of in
 depth analyses of trends in employment and value added, as well as through
 breakdowns of export flows and income and prosperity levels. Since the end
 of World War II it appears that Italian economic growth has largely been
 formed by the constant, massive flow of exports of personal and household
 goods and light mechanically-engineered products, that a sizeable flow of
 exports is attributable to growth in the industrial districts, and that
 although the income gap between the different parts of the country has not
 been eliminated, growth by the industrial districts and the policy of
 industrialization in Southern Italy have together engineered a major
 territorial dispersion of both light and heavy industry. However, heavy
 industry and high-tech large Italian companies have found increasing
 difficulties and even lost many of the positions they once held. Our
 survey indicates that a policy for industrial development in Italy must
 take account of the weakness of the heavy industry sector along with the
 features and requirements of industrial districts. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1105-1138 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310600852415 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310600852415 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giacomo Becattini 
Author-X-Name-First: Giacomo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Becattini 
Author-Name: Gabi Dei Ottati 
Author-X-Name-First: Gabi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dei Ottati 
Title: The performance of Italian industrial districts and large enterprise areas in the 1990s 
Abstract:
   On the basis of economic and population census
 data and of foreign trade statistics, in this paper we analyse the changes
 that occurred in the 1990s in the different local production systems that
 make up the mosaic of the Italian economy. The results of the study show
 that personal and household goods and light engineering, often made in
 industrial districts, contributed positively to the Italian balance of
 trade. Moreover, employment and other economic and social indicators show
 that industrial district provinces performed better than large enterprise
 provinces, so refuting the usual interpretation that district small and
 medium-sized enterprises are responsible for the recent slow down of the
 Italian economy. Some cues for policy intervention close the paper. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1139-1162 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310600852423 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310600852423 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dirk Dohse 
Author-X-Name-First: Dirk 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dohse 
Author-Name: R&#xFC;diger Soltwedel 
Author-X-Name-First: R&#xFC;diger 
Author-X-Name-Last: Soltwedel 
Title: Recent Developments in the Research on Innovative Clusters 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1167-1170 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2006 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310600933272 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310600933272 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Attila Varga 
Author-X-Name-First: Attila 
Author-X-Name-Last: Varga 
Title: The Spatial Dimension of Innovation and Growth: Empirical Research Methodology and Policy Analysis 
Abstract:
   Integrating space into economics by the
 &#x201C;new economic geography&#x201D; is a very recent development.
 However, the macro-economic role of spatial structure is not an issue with
 relevance for theoretical or empirical research only. Understanding it has
 potentially high importance for economic policy making as well. The debate
 in the European Union (EU) on the geographical distribution of Community
 Support Framework (CSF) assistance (i.e. efficiency or cohesion) is an
 excellent case in this respect. This paper serves three purposes. First,
 it provides a framework for empirical research of geographical growth.
 Second, based on this framework, it identifies problem areas of empirical
 research and suggests a set of methodologies to treat them. Third, it
 emphasizes that the framework can also drive development policy analysis.
 At the end an example is provided as to how decisions on regional
 allocation of EU CSF funds can be judged in relation to their likely
 macro-economic outcomes. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1171-1186 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2006 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310600933298 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310600933298 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Corinne Autant-Bernard 
Author-X-Name-First: Corinne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Autant-Bernard 
Title: Where Do Firms Choose to Locate Their R&D? A Spatial Conditional Logit Analysis on French Data 
Abstract:
   The purpose of this paper is to empirically
 investigate how regional advantages and firms characteristics influence
 the location of R&D. Looking at 2024 decisions of R&D lab locations in
 France, an extended conditional logit is implemented with spatially lagged
 explanatory variables to evaluate the importance of each factor and to
 test the spatial dimension of knowledge spillovers. The results indicate
 that a large market size, a large amount of ideas, and a low level of
 competition in the target region increases the probability of setting up
 R&D labs while the diffusion of knowledge across regions induces a
 significant spatial dependence. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1187-1208 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2006 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310600933314 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310600933314 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Otto Raspe 
Author-X-Name-First: Otto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Raspe 
Author-Name: Frank Van Oort 
Author-X-Name-First: Frank 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Oort 
Title: The Knowledge Economy and Urban Economic Growth 
Abstract:
   In this paper we contribute to the longstanding
 discussion on the role of knowledge to economic growth in a spatial
 context. We observe that in adopting the European policy strategy towards
 a competitive knowledge economy, the Netherlands is&#x2014;as most
 European countries&#x2014;mainly oriented towards industrial,
 technological factors. The policy focus is on R&D specialized regions in
 their spatial economic strategies. We place the knowledge economy in a
 broader perspective. Based on the knowledge economy literature, we value
 complementary indicators: the successful introduction of new products and
 services to the market (&#x201C;innovation&#x201D;) and indicators of
 skills of employees (&#x201C;knowledge workers&#x201D;). Using econometric
 analysis, we relate the three factors &#x201C;R&D&#x201D;,
 &#x201C;innovation&#x201D; and &#x201C;knowledge workers&#x201D; to
 regional economic growth. We conclude that the factors
 &#x201C;innovation&#x201D; and &#x201C;knowledge workers&#x201D; are more
 profoundly related to urban employment and productivity growth than the
 R&D-factor. Preferably, urban research and policy-makers should therefore
 take all three knowledge factors into account when determining economic
 potentials of cities. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1209-1234 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2006 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310600933322 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310600933322 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rosina Moreno 
Author-X-Name-First: Rosina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moreno 
Author-Name: Raffaele Paci 
Author-X-Name-First: Raffaele 
Author-X-Name-Last: Paci 
Author-Name: Stefano Usai 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefano 
Author-X-Name-Last: Usai 
Title: Innovation Clusters in the European Regions 
Abstract:
   This paper contributes to the analysis of the
 process of spatial agglomeration of innovative activities by investigating
 directly its determinants. Our main purpose is to identify the extent to
 which the degree of specialization or diversity in a region may affect the
 innovative activities in a particular local industry. Other local factors
 are also tested such as home market effect and other agglomeration
 phenomena. In other words, we pursue to identify to which extent the
 organization of innovation is either concentrated or alternatively
 consists of diverse but complementary innovative activities, and how this
 composition influences innovative output. Moreover the use of spatial
 econometric techniques should allow the nature other than the spatial
 scope of the diffusion of technological spillovers to be analysed. The
 analysis is based on a databank set up by CRENoS on regional patenting at
 the European Patent Office classified by ISIC sectors (23 manufacturing
 sectors), which considers 175 regions of 17 countries in Europe. The
 possibility to have a rich database, furthermore, allows replicating the
 analysis for two periods, 1994--1996 and 1999--2001, in order to check the
 robustness of some results along the time dimension. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1235-1263 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2006 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310600933330 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310600933330 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Cooke 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke 
Title: Global Bioregional Networks: A New Economic Geography of Bioscientific Knowledge 
Abstract:
   Regional capabilities and knowledge domain theses
 are proposed. Global biotechnology dynamics are analysed. Detailed
 research on Europe's leading bioeconomy, the UK, is presented. Global
 network analysis is performed based on research into collaborations
 between &#x201C;star&#x201D; scientists and their institutes in bioregions
 at a global scale, with regard to joint publication of bioscientific
 articles in US and European Union (EU) Science Citation Index
 representative and leading cited journals. The originality here lies in
 identifying the hierarchical structure and main network axes in the global
 bioscientific research system. The results show the expected in that the
 strongest bioregions are in North America, particularly around Boston, San
 Diego and San Francisco. For collaboration, using this measure, Sweden is
 revealed as a strong European research base, as is the UK. New bioregions
 are found rising in Asia, and Japan for long quiescent has at last begun
 to move. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1265-1285 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2006 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310600933348 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310600933348 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Boris   A. Portnov 
Author-X-Name-First: Boris   A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Portnov 
Title: Urban Clustering, Development Similarity, and Local Growth: A Case Study of Canada 
Abstract:
   The effect of urban clustering on the long-term
 patterns of urban growth is arguably two-fold: in sparsely populated
 areas, the presence of neighbouring towns increases the chances of
 facilitating local development due to inter-urban exchanges, while in more
 densely populated core areas, increasing clustering of the urban field
 reduces development rates due to inter-town competition for potential
 investors and migrants. In the present study, the effect of urban
 clustering on the patterns of urban growth is investigated for both
 centrally located and peripheral areas of Canada. Neighbouring towns in
 urban clusters of the country appear to exhibit similar levels of
 socio-economic development. However, when measured by different
 development indicators, inter-town development association differs in both
 nature and degree. In core areas, for instance, only population and
 housing variables appear to exhibit a strong spatial association, while
 that of employment-related variables&#x2014;average income, and
 unemployment rate&#x2014;is weaker. As suggested, this tendency reflects
 fundamental differences between the two groups of variables. While
 population and housing variables are associated with the clustering of
 residents in socially homogenous areas, inter-town development similarity
 in respect to employment-related variables is weaker, due to long-distance
 commuting. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1287-1314 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2006 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310600933355 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310600933355 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thomas Brenner 
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brenner 
Author-Name: Andreas Gildner 
Author-X-Name-First: Andreas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gildner 
Title: The long-term Implications of Local Industrial Clusters 
Abstract:
   Local industrial clusters have attracted much
 attention in recent economic and geographic literature. The focus has been
 on identifying the conditions for the emergence of such clusters. Here the
 long-term implications of local industrial clusters are studied. To this
 end, we examine German regions where those that contain long-existing
 industrial clusters are compared to all other regions. We statistically
 examine what characterizes regions that have contained local industrial
 clusters for quite some time. The analysis is conducted separately for
 three industries. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1315-1328 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2006 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310600933371 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310600933371 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leif Hommen 
Author-X-Name-First: Leif 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hommen 
Author-Name: David Doloreux 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Doloreux 
Author-Name: Emma Larsson 
Author-X-Name-First: Emma 
Author-X-Name-Last: Larsson 
Title: Emergence and Growth of Mj&#xE4;rdevi Science Park in Link&#xF6;ping, Sweden1 
Abstract:
   The development of science parks constitutes an
 interesting example of policy to enhance the technology-based development
 of a region. These parks, it is argued, contribute to fostering
 technological innovation and transfer and stimulating the growth of
 high-level economic activities. This article examines the role that
 science parks play in the promotion of regional development with
 particular reference to one of Sweden's most successful science parks, the
 Mj&#xE4;rdevi Science Park. During the 1990s, Mj&#xE4;rdevi was recognized
 as one of Northern Europe's most rapidly growing science parks, and it has
 an enviable record with respect to the launching of local, new
 technology-based firms. This article traces the historical events related
 to the creation of Mj&#xE4;rdevi Science Park that have influenced its
 technological and industrial development. It then outlines the park's path
 of development and subsequently addresses key factors affecting the growth
 dynamics of the park. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1331-1361 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310600852555 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310600852555 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tai-Shan Hu 
Author-X-Name-First: Tai-Shan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hu 
Author-Name: Su-Li Chang 
Author-X-Name-First: Su-Li 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chang 
Author-Name: Chien-Yuan Lin 
Author-X-Name-First: Chien-Yuan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lin 
Author-Name: Hsueh-Tao Chien 
Author-X-Name-First: Hsueh-Tao 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chien 
Title: Evolution of Knowledge Intensive Services in a High-tech Region: The Case of Hsinchu, Taiwan 
Abstract:
   Communication costs have reduced markedly owing
 to improvements in communication technology. Despite this development,
 face-to-face interactions facilitated by geographic agglomeration remain
 important in high-tech innovation activities owing to the ambiguity and
 uncertainty related to new knowledge. Consequently, location remains a
 major influence on global strategies of transnational companies, and
 enables global cross-border divisions of labour in high-tech industries.
 On the one hand, this phenomenon transforms the geographic distribution
 and structure in industry; on the other hand, it creates demand for
 strategic functions in management and organizational innovation. The
 emergence, introduction and operation of such functions all rely on the
 support of specialized service industries. During the two decades of
 development of the Hsinchu Science-based Industrial Park (HSIP), the area
 around HSIP saw the gradual formation of a distinctive and strong network
 including production, incubation and research and development (R&D)
 activities. Within this network, knowledge intensive services provide a
 crucial interface between the supportive environment and technological
 infrastructure. This investigation analyses the interactions, geographic
 transformation and distribution between HSIP firms and producer services
 around HSIP, as well as the coordination between HSIP firms and research
 institutions. This investigation found that competition strongly
 influences the development and geographic transformation of producer
 services. Together with different industrial resources, they formed
 production networks. Such networks caused the development and geographic
 transformation of the Hsinchu area, and thus further influenced the growth
 of knowledge-intensive service businesses. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1363-1385 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310600852530 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310600852530 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lars Winther 
Author-X-Name-First: Lars 
Author-X-Name-Last: Winther 
Author-Name: H&#xF8;gni Kals&#xF8; Hansen 
Author-X-Name-First: H&#xF8;gni 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kals&#xF8; Hansen 
Title: The Economic Geographies of the Outer City: Industrial Dynamics and Imaginary Spaces of Location in Copenhagen 
Abstract:
   The paper focuses on the changing economic
 geographies of the outer city of Copenhagen. The outer city is not a
 well-defined place but can be understood as a set of processes
 transforming the urban economic landscape outside the built-up area.
 Several central and interrelated economic processes transform the outer
 city. The paper examines the changing industrial dynamics and location
 spaces within the framework of geographical proximity and relation
 propinquity in order to examine the social and cultural embeddedness of
 location. Imaginary spaces of location are the social constructs of the
 firm (of the interviewee representing the firm). They are representations
 of the perception, experience and interpretation of the location of the
 firm. The imaginary spaces of firms in the outer city are different from
 those of the firms in the built-up area, and a survey points to the fact
 that multiple rationalities are important in order to understand
 industrial location. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1387-1406 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310600852589 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310600852589 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:14:y:2005:i:10:p:1387-1406




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jussi   S. Jauhiainen 
Author-X-Name-First: Jussi   S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jauhiainen 
Title: Multipolis: High-technology Network in Northern Finland 
Abstract:
   Multipolis is a publicly funded
 innovation-oriented regional policy instrument to develop high technology
 in northern Finland. Northern Finland has few experts, under 1000
 high-technology enterprises and a small market in a territory of 155,100
 square kilometres with 716,000 inhabitants. Multipolis connects
 high-technology enterprises in, and between, 15 specialized
 high-technology clusters, regional developers and higher education and
 research institutes. Multipolis combines the technologically highly
 developed functional urban region of Oulu (&#x201C;technopolis&#x201D;)
 and the rest of northern Finland (&#x201C;learning region&#x201D;).
 Multipolis has enhanced cooperation, acquisition of new information,
 social networks and common projects by high-technology enterprises.
 However, the management of the Multipolis network requires more attention. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1407-1428 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310600852597 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310600852597 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Egil Petter Str&#xE6;te 
Author-X-Name-First: Egil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Petter Str&#xE6;te 
Title: Exploring a Strategic Turn: Case Study of Innovation and Organizational Change in a Productivist Dairy 
Abstract:
   Some firms within the conventional agri-food
 processing industry change their business strategy by trying to innovate
 towards alternative foods, like regional foods. For firms which are part
 of a larger organization or integrated in a group of companies this is a
 special challenge. The purpose of this paper is to explore what happens
 when a firm within a large and complex organization tries to turn from a
 productivist strategy to a differentiated strategy. This exploration uses
 a case study from the Norwegian dairy industry. The case shows that
 powerful industrial conventions and lack of suitable organizational
 conditions can be a hindrance for organizational change. Organizational
 capabilities to change routines and conventions have significant influence
 on the result of the innovation process. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1429-1447 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310600852613 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310600852613 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:14:y:2005:i:10:p:1429-1447




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Terry Van Dijk 
Author-X-Name-First: Terry 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Dijk 
Title: How the Hands of Time Mould Planning Instruments: Iterative Adaptation Pushing Limits in Rural Areas 
Abstract:
   Apart from the concept of space being a main
 concern of spatial planning, the concept of time, too, has a role. Not
 only by setting time limits to substantive plans; planning is also subject
 to time and the implications of this are analysed in this paper. Planning
 instruments age and need cyclic maintenance for staying effective, a
 process referred to as iterative adaptation. But adaptation may not be
 sufficient when society has evolved too far away from the situation of the
 instrument's conception, whereby not only the content of plans should be
 considered (corresponding with substantive needs of society) but the
 intervention philosophy as well (corresponding with the image society has
 about the proper role of the government). In addition, each iterative
 adaptation takes time that may prove to be insufficient in a dynamic
 context. This paper refers to the rural planning instrument called land
 consolidation to demonstrate how time has moulded it and what the
 limitations for adaptation are. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1449-1471 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2005 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310600852621 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310600852621 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:14:y:2005:i:10:p:1449-1471




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philippe Doucet 
Author-X-Name-First: Philippe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Doucet 
Title: Territorial Cohesion of Tomorrow: A Path to Cooperation or Competition? 
Abstract:
   Explicit reference was made to
 &#x201C;Territorial Cohesion&#x201D; in the draft Constitution for Europe.
 The concept has recently been celebrated by many stakeholders of
 territorial development policies, including the European community of
 planners. Territorial Cohesion does not seem to have received any official
 definition, but it is clearly meant to aim at some sort of &#x201C;spatial
 justice&#x201D; while promoting integration between EU sector policies
 that have a territorial impact. Seemingly a consensual principle: who in
 Europe would object to a better coherence between various EU policies and
 the provision of reasonably equal standards of living to all EU citizens,
 regardless of their area of settlement? Yet a close examination of the
 current political debate suggests that very divergent views are being
 expressed as to what Territorial Cohesion exactly entails in practical
 terms. Two main different policy approaches seem to emerge in this debate.
 The first approach tends to equate Territorial Cohesion to a range of
 positive discrimination steps in favour of various penalised areas.
 Interest groups, in particular lobbies for specific regions, have proved
 influential in propagating this conception. In the area of regional
 policy, this approach embodies the neo-corporatist, depoliticised line of
 the contemporary political culture. It is primarily inspired by financial
 considerations and a competitive zero-sum game scenario: regions of a
 specific category should increase their share of the EU funding at the
 expense of the others. The opposite approach places much more emphasis on
 the need for integrated territorial planning strategies and the
 integration of EU policies. Its proponents are the heirs of the post-war
 urban and regional planning tradition. They strive to revive the
 politicised and rationalist ideology of the Enlightenment, based on the
 notion of public interest. They raise awareness about the steadily growing
 interdependence between regions and cities of Europe and advocate a
 cooperative approach focusing on issues of transnational relevance and
 win-win situations. This rather idealistic cooperative approach seems to
 be less influential than its rival, and currently confined to a relatively
 small group of planning professionals. The question remains: which of the
 two models&#x2014;interregional competition or cooperation&#x2014;will
 finally succeed in shaping the EU cohesion policy? 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1473-1485 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2006 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310600852449 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310600852449 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Louis Albrechts 
Author-X-Name-First: Louis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Albrechts 
Title: Bridge the Gap: From Spatial Planning to Strategic Projects 
Abstract:
   This paper introduces one of the largest single
 research projects ever granted in the field of spatial planning. It
 presents the context the project has to work in and the challenges it has
 to face. It further gives a broad outline of the research project, with
 three horizontal and three vertical tracks and some success indicators. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1487-1500 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2006 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310600852464 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310600852464 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:14:y:2006:i:10:p:1487-1500




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Judith Tsouvalis 
Author-X-Name-First: Judith 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsouvalis 
Title: Book Review 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1501-1505 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 14 
Year: 2006 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310600852688 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310600852688 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:14:y:2006:i:10:p:1501-1505




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan Kr&#xE4;tke 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kr&#xE4;tke 
Title: Metropolisation of the European Economic Territory as a Consequence of Increasing Specialisation of Urban Agglomerations in the Knowledge Economy 
Abstract:
   The development of Europe's economic territory
 today can be characterised as a process of metropolisation of economic
 development potentials and innovation capacities.
 &#x201C;Metropolisation&#x201D; is a paraphrase for the selective
 concentration of research-intensive industries and knowledge-intensive
 services on metropolitan regions and major urban agglomerations. On this
 basis the metropolitan regions and urban agglomerations are functioning as
 the &#x201C;motors&#x201D; of the European economy. In this article the
 metropolisation of the European economic territory is being analysed with
 regard to the increasing specialisation of Europe's major urban regions on
 knowledge-intensive economic activities. Particular emphasis is being put
 on the different sectoral profiles and development paths of the European
 urban agglomerations' and metropolitan regions' knowledge-intensive
 economy. The result of this analysis is a differentiated representation of
 the developmental dynamics in the European Union urban system which allows
 to overcome simplifying general trend descriptions as for example the
 structural change of urban regions towards becoming &#x201C;service
 centres&#x201D;. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1-27 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310601016424 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310601016424 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jes&#xFA;s   M. Gonz&#xE1;lez Pérez 
Author-X-Name-First: Jes&#xFA;s   M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gonz&#xE1;lez Pérez 
Title: Urban Planning System in Contemporary Spain 
Abstract:
   This work analyses the main Spanish legislative
 and urban planning instruments, highlighting some of the most important
 structural problems of the current Spanish urban realities. The survey on
 legislation runs from the first Land Use Act of 1956 to the
 decentralization of the administration and the culmination of the transfer
 processes to the respective Spanish regions. Later, we study the complete
 well-structured hierarchy of urban planning instruments in use at present.
 Finally, we analyse how these and other factors have an influence on the
 capacity to control housing prices and on a lack of sustainability
 characterized by the excessive urbanizing use of the land. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 29-50 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310601016481 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310601016481 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alan Mace 
Author-X-Name-First: Alan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mace 
Author-Name: Peter Hall 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hall 
Author-Name: Nick Gallent 
Author-X-Name-First: Nick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gallent 
Title: New East Manchester: Urban Renaissance or Urban Opportunism? 
Abstract:
   In this paper we ask how a shrinking city
 responds when faced with a perforated urban fabric. Drawing on
 Manchester's response to its perforated eastern flank &#x2014;and informed
 by a parallel study of Leipzig&#x2014;we use the city's current approach
 to critique urban regeneration policy in England. Urban renaissance holds
 out the promise of delivering more sustainable&#x2014;that is more
 compact, more inclusive and more equitable&#x2014;cities. However, the
 Manchester study demonstrated that the attempt to stem population loss
 from the city is at best fragile, despite a raft of policies now in place
 to support urban renaissance in England. It is argued here that Manchester
 like Leipzig is likely to face an ongoing battle to attract residents back
 from their suburban hinterlands. This is especially true of the family
 market that we identify as being an important element for long-term
 sustainable population growth in both cities. We use the case of New East
 Manchester to consider how discourses linked to urban
 renaissance&#x2014;particularly those that link urbanism with greater
 densities&#x2014;rule out some of the options available to Leipzig,
 namely, managing the long-term perforation of the city. We demonstrate
 that while Manchester is inevitably committed to the urban renaissance
 agenda, in practice New East Manchester demonstrates a far more
 pragmatic&#x2014;but equally unavoidable&#x2014;approach. This we
 attribute to the gap between renaissance and regeneration described by
 Amin et al. (Cities for the Many Not for the Few. Bristol: Policy Press,
 2000) who define the former as urbanism for the middle class and the
 latter as urbanism for the working class. While this opportunistic
 approach may ultimately succeed in producing development on the ground, it
 will not address the fundamental, and chronic, problem; the combination of
 push and pull that sees families relocating to suburban areas. Thus, if
 existing communities in East Manchester are to have their area buoyed
 up&#x2014;or sustained&#x2014;by incomers, and especially families, with
 greater levels of social capital and higher incomes urban policy in
 England will have to be challenged. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 51-65 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310601016606 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310601016606 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrick Collins 
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Collins 
Title: Information Age Ireland: The Attraction, the Reality and Never Ending Geography 
Abstract:
   This paper is an attempt to probe deeper behind
 the well-documented success story of the Irish economy over the 1990s.
 Over the decade, the country experienced unparalleled levels of economic
 growth that saw unemployment levels plummet, inflation levels stabilize
 and inward investment rise at a substantial rate. Growth rates of gross
 national product (GNP) best surmise the Irish case, the tigerish
 performance brought the country from one with a per capita GNP two-thirds
 of the European Union (EU) average in 1987, to one which exceeded the
 average 10 years later. An exposition of Ireland's pursuit of a foreign
 direct investment (FDI) development model forms a major part of this work.
 Recognizing the importance of FDI in Ireland, and FDI in the software
 sector in particular, this paper shows how and why investors flocked into
 the country over the golden era of the 1990s. Exogenously, Ireland's place
 on the outskirts of one of the world's biggest markets made it an alluring
 option for outside investors. Endogenously, the rationale behind the
 pursuit of high-tech FDI policy, beyond employment creation was the
 expected spill-over effects of multinational companies (MNCs) on the local
 economy. Questions are asked about the nature of positive externalities
 both in terms of the growth of an indigenous sector alongside a
 foreign-owned one as well as the sustainability of this type of
 investment. Changes in the organizational structures of MNCs over the
 1990s, through decentralization of activities and outsourcing are integral
 to the Irish success story. Organizational transformation resulting in
 networks of global production have helped Ireland, as a peripheral region,
 to reposition itself as an access point to the lucrative European market.
 The geographic alteration on the national level however, has not been
 recreated on the sub-national scale. Contrary to the writings of many
 technology determinists, Ireland's pursuit of an information economy has
 had a very real impact in terms of regional economic divergence within the
 country. The lack of coherent regional or spatial planning is to blame
 along with a telecommunications infrastructure that has exacerbated the
 regional woes of an economy with an explicit focus on high-technology
 industries. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 67-86 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310601016614 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310601016614 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen Mckay 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mckay 
Title: Contravention and Conformity in EIA: An Investigation into Regulatory Compliance in Northern Ireland 
Abstract:
   Regulatory compliance has emerged as a central
 feature in the legitimization of the planning system, yet it remains
 relatively marginalized from academic scrutiny. This paper investigates
 the relationship between regulatory compliance and projects subjected to
 Environmental Impact Assessments (EIAs). It reviews, through an empirical
 field study, the levels of conformity with EIA driven planning approvals
 and considers, with the assistance of inputs from experienced
 professionals and theoretical perspectives of regulatory compliance how
 these might be improved. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 87-105 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310601016663 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310601016663 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2007:i:1:p:87-105




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tim Marshall 
Author-X-Name-First: Tim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marshall 
Title: After Structure Planning: The New Sub-regional Planning in England 
Abstract:
   The reformed planning system introduced in
 England in 2004 weakens the position of counties and unitary authorities.
 Regional bodies and central government have a larger say on the future
 shape of localities under these arrangements. In particular sub-regional
 strategies have a much bigger role within the new Regional Spatial
 Strategies. This paper examines the prospects for the influence of this
 new tier of planning, based on government guidance about sub-regional
 planning and on the evidence on emerging practice, particularly in the
 southern regions of England. The balance of influence of different actors
 is changing, both between government tiers and in wider governance
 relations. The prospects for integrated action in spatial terms are
 changing, as are the relationships to implementation. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 107-132 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310600852670 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310600852670 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2007:i:1:p:107-132




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joe Weston 
Author-X-Name-First: Joe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Weston 
Title: Implementing International Environmental Agreements: The Case of the Wadden Sea 
Abstract:
   It has been a feature of the past 30 years or so
 that individual sovereign states have been increasingly willing to
 partially set aside their own interests in favour of international
 treaties on pollution control and wildlife protection. It is the political
 will of the government signatories to such agreements that is the key to
 successful implementation as that political will provides the legitimate
 enforceable authority that is necessary to ensure compliance. This paper
 examines a trilateral agreement made by the Governments of Denmark,
 Germany and Holland for the protection and management of the Wadden
 Sea&#x2014;one of Europe's most important wildlife sites. The examination
 of that agreement explores the key mechanisms used for its implementation
 and, in the case of the Wadden Sea, those mechanisms include the operation
 of key European Union environmental Directives. The paper finds major
 differences in approach and application of the Birds, Habitats and
 Environmental Impact Assessment Directives across the Wadden Sea region
 and argues that these differences undermine the trilateral agreements made
 by the three governments. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 133-152 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431060106754 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431060106754 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2007:i:1:p:133-152




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vedia Dokmeci 
Author-X-Name-First: Vedia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dokmeci 
Author-Name: Ufuk Altunbas 
Author-X-Name-First: Ufuk 
Author-X-Name-Last: Altunbas 
Author-Name: Burcin Yazgi 
Author-X-Name-First: Burcin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yazgi 
Title: Revitalisation of the Main Street of a Distinguished Old Neighbourhood in Istanbul 
Abstract:
   This study investigates the revitalisation of the
 main street of Beyoglu, which was the westernised part of Istanbul's CBD
 in the nineteenth century. Beyoglu started to develop in the sixteenth
 century with the introduction of embassy buildings of European countries.
 Its development reached a climax during the nineteenth century as a result
 of increased European trade and cultural influence, remaining the most
 distinguished quarter of Istanbul until the 1960s. Thereafter, it suffered
 from decay, disinvestment and abandonment as a result of later
 suburbanisation and the multi-centre development of Istanbul.
 Revitalisation of the quarter started with the pedestrianisation of the
 main street. This study investigates the functional transformation and
 changes in land prices along the main street and surrounding
 neighbourhoods after the pedestrianisation. The factors which effect land
 prices are investigated by the use of regression analysis. According to
 the results, access to mass transit is the most important factor. Besides
 its convenient central-city location, with easy access to the city's main
 transportation arteries, no doubt also its distinguished architectural
 character contributed to its revitalisation. Although the revitalisation
 of the main street as a cooperative movement of public and private
 sectors, effectively, it was a market-lead restructuring afterwards. At
 the same time, international companies opening up stores reflecting the
 globalisation movement increased the attractiveness of the main street.
 The results of the study can be used by urban planners, policy-makers and
 investors for the revitalisation of other historical neighbourhoods in
 Istanbul and other cities. For further research, hierarchical analysis of
 spatial impacts of revitalisation areas is suggested. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 153-166 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310601016788 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310601016788 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Barry Ness 
Author-X-Name-First: Barry 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ness 
Title: Book Review 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 167-168 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310601016838 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310601016838 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2007:i:1:p:167-168




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roel Rutten 
Author-X-Name-First: Roel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rutten 
Author-Name: Frans Boekema 
Author-X-Name-First: Frans 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boekema 
Title: Spatial Innovation Systems: Theory and Cases&#x2014;an Introduction 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 171-177 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310601078655 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310601078655 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2006:i:2:p:171-177




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Cooke 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke 
Title: To Construct Regional Advantage from Innovation Systems First Build Policy Platforms 
Abstract:
   It has become clear that the idea of regional
 learning is an inadequate way of evolving regional economic development
 because of numerous problems of composition or utilizing samples of one,
 learning legacies and delays and impossibility of repeat experience. So,
 perforce, to offset regional imbalances responsible agencies are having to
 explore solutions endogenously in greater measure. This means constructing
 regional advantage, not an easy thing to do, by integrating and exploiting
 a range of assets from economic strengths to knowledge assets, good
 governance and creativity. Of great importance in this is seeking to
 promote &#x201C;related variety&#x201D; among economic activities. Single
 innovations diffuse swiftly across technology &#x201C;platforms&#x201D;
 into related industries because absorptive capacity is high among them.
 The key trick in constructing regional advantage is designing appropriate
 policy platforms that mix variable policy instruments in an integrated and
 judicious manner. This paper maps out a theoretical approach enabling this
 to be accomplished. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 179-194 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310601078671 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310601078671 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2006:i:2:p:179-194




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrick Van Der Duin 
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Der Duin 
Author-Name: Roland Ortt 
Author-X-Name-First: Roland 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ortt 
Author-Name: Matthijs Kok 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthijs 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kok 
Title: The Cyclic Innovation Model: A New Challenge for a Regional Approach to Innovation Systems? 
Abstract:
   Innovation processes have changed significantly
 in the last four decades. Organizations no longer innovate on their own,
 aware that they need to decentralize their innovation activities and have
 to cooperate closely with other organizations in innovation systems. In
 this paper we discuss the spatial consequences of these developments,
 introducing the Cyclic Innovation Model (CIM) as a framework to analyse
 system innovation and applying it to the case of Thixomoulding, i.e. the
 development and exploitation of a revolutionary new material in the region
 of Flevoland, a province of the Netherlands. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 195-215 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310601078689 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310601078689 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2006:i:2:p:195-215




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martina Fromhold-Eisebith 
Author-X-Name-First: Martina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fromhold-Eisebith 
Title: Bridging Scales in Innovation Policies: How to Link Regional, National and International Innovation Systems 
Abstract:
   The conceptual discussion on innovation systems,
 emphasizing the importance of interaction between actors, institutions and
 policy elements for supporting technology-based economic development, has
 been marked by separate debates on issues of national, regional,
 international and sectoral systems for a long time. Recently researchers
 increasingly engage in logically connecting system scales which provides
 important insights into interdependencies. Theoretical considerations,
 however, have hardly been associated with ideas for application, despite
 the strong political value attached to the innovation systems idea by
 international organizations. This paper highlights the function of the
 innovation systems approach for policy conceptualization, focusing on the
 question how systems on different spatial scales&#x2014;from the
 international over the national to the regional one&#x2014;could be linked
 and coordinated for achieving positive effects. Major issues are which
 features of a national innovation system enable the evolution of
 successful regional innovation systems, and how a fruitful integration of
 international impulses into systemic approaches could be facilitated.
 First it is discussed which qualities usually attributed to the
 functioning of innovation systems are best taken care of at which spatial
 scale. Then the paper outlines a policy framework that aims at expediently
 combining tasks of innovation support at different spatial levels
 including the national, regional, and international dimensions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 217-233 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310601078754 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310601078754 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2006:i:2:p:217-233




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Claus Steinle 
Author-X-Name-First: Claus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Steinle 
Author-Name: Holger Schiele 
Author-X-Name-First: Holger 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schiele 
Author-Name: Kai Mietzner 
Author-X-Name-First: Kai 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mietzner 
Title: Merging a Firm-centred and a Regional Policy Perspective for the Assessment of Regional Clusters: Concept and Application of a &#x201C;Dual&#x201D; Approach to a Medical Technology Cluster 
Abstract:
   Clusters have gained considerable attention from
 regional planners and policy-makers. In order to support their decision
 process, a &#x201C;top-down&#x201D; analysis has evolved, the regional
 agglomeration as a whole being the object of analysis. The importance of
 cluster-membership for the management of individual firms and their
 &#x201C;bottom-up&#x201D; view of a cluster has attracted much less
 attention. This paper proposes a &#x201C;dual&#x201D; approach: based on
 an integral view of clusters a survey-tool is developed to capture the
 top-down perspective. It is supplemented with a bottom-up view using
 structured interviews in a core firm and an analysis of its supply
 structure based on quantitative firm-level data. The application of the
 dual approach is demonstrated using the case of a medical technology
 cluster. A dual approach fosters a multi-faceted understanding of a
 cluster, can produce very applicable results and offers a more
 comprehensive actor-integration. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 235-251 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310601078762 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310601078762 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2006:i:2:p:235-251




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tobias G&#xF6;ssling 
Author-X-Name-First: Tobias 
Author-X-Name-Last: G&#xF6;ssling 
Author-Name: Roel Rutten 
Author-X-Name-First: Roel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rutten 
Title: Innovation in Regions 
Abstract:
   The problem of regional economic development is
 closely related to the ability of organizations in that region to
 innovate. Research has shown that this ability differs between regions and
 is even influenced by the characteristics of a region. The milieu of
 innovation thesis suggests that several different regional factors affect
 the innovativeness of a region. The hypotheses of this present research
 are based on this assumption. The innovation of a region depends on the
 following factors, all of which have a positive impact on regional
 innovativeness: (1) wealth, (2) the development of gross domestic product
 (GDP), (3) cultural diversity, (4) the talent of the population and (5)
 the density of the population. The research is based on data compiled from
 Eurostat and national-regional data from all European Union countries. We
 used linear regression methods to analyse the data. The data analysis
 provides support for hypotheses 1, 3, 4 and 5. That means that wealth,
 cultural diversity, talent and density do have a positive influence on
 innovation. However, hypothesis 2 has been rejected. There is indeed a
 strong, negative correlation of GDP with innovation. A further in-depth
 qualitative analysis of regional characteristics explains the results of
 the regression analysis. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 253-270 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310601078788 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310601078788 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2006:i:2:p:253-270




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ben Dankbaar 
Author-X-Name-First: Ben 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dankbaar 
Title: Global Sourcing and Innovation: The Consequences of Losing both Organizational and Geographical Proximity 
Abstract:
   The main message of the proponents of strategic
 outsourcing is that it pays off to concentrate on the activities that you
 are good at. The result of specialization along the value chain will be a
 product that will be more competitive in terms of price, quality, and
 innovation. Globalization has many dimensions, but here we mainly want to
 consider the movement of manufacturing activities to low wage locations.
 In this paper we will investigate the implications of global sourcing for
 the innovative capacity of the outsourcing company. We will argue that
 these implications will be more pronounced in the case of global sourcing,
 because in that case the loss of organizational proximity that is inherent
 in outsourcing is compounded by the increase in geographical distance. The
 findings presented in this paper are the results from an ongoing research
 project on the relationships between research, development, and
 manufacturing against the background of increased global outsourcing of
 manufacturing. These observations give rise to a whole series of
 questions. Is there any reason to assume that research can be maintained
 as an in-house activity in the long run, if development and manufacturing
 have been outsourced? In other words: we are interested in the conditions
 for long-term viability of companies outsourcing most or all of their
 manufacturing, especially if such outsourcing is directed to low wage
 locations at a large distance from the research laboratories. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 271-288 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310601078812 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310601078812 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2006:i:2:p:271-288




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cristina Chaminade 
Author-X-Name-First: Cristina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chaminade 
Author-Name: Jan Vang 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vang 
Title: Clusters Facing Competition: The Importance of External Linkages 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 289-291 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310601078853 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310601078853 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2007:i:2:p:289-291




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sasha Tsenkova 
Author-X-Name-First: Sasha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsenkova 
Title: Reinventing Strategic Planning in Post-socialist Cities: Experiences from Sofia 
Abstract:
   Recent planning experiences in post-socialist
 cities indicate a growing interest in strategic spatial planning. In their
 search for new planning paradigms, municipalities in transition countries
 have embraced strategic planning as a way to involve the business
 community and the broader constituency in defining a vision for the future
 of cities. More importantly, this more proactive approach has created an
 opportunity for mobilization of funds and political support for urban
 development thus bridging the resource gap under a regime of fiscal
 austerity. Drawing on the recent experience of Sofia with strategic
 spatial planning, the paper outlines the essential characteristics of the
 process (plan-making) and the product (strategic plan). The research
 establishes clear links between the process of strategy development, its
 institutional framework and the hierarchical structure of goals,
 objectives and actions. It is argued that strategic spatial planning is an
 efficient tool to manage post-socialist cities. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 295-317 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310601017133 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310601017133 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2007:i:3:p:295-317




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ipek O&#xA8;zbek So&#xA8;nmez 
Author-X-Name-First: Ipek 
Author-X-Name-Last: O&#xA8;zbek So&#xA8;nmez 
Title: Concentrated Urban Poverty: The Case of Izmir Inner Area, Turkey 
Abstract:
   In Turkey, poverty has been a main subject of
 debates since 1960s. It used to be a serious problem for both rural areas
 and the big cities that gained migration. In Turkey and world-wide since
 the 1980s, however, there have been more research interests in the
 concentrated urban poverty, especially along with the increase in levels
 of impoverishment around the world. With the help of a case study in Izmir
 (Turkey), this paper aims to examine the process of concentrated urban
 poverty from different points of view in the literature. This is a case
 study developed at the peripheries of the traditional city
 centre&#x2014;or inner areas&#x2014;of the city of Izmir, Turkey. The
 paper, first, discusses the parameters of concentrated poverty according
 to the literature. Then it introduces the study findings of the author,
 which point out the macro-scale, micro-scale and ecological dynamics that
 are important in the development of concentrated urban poverty. The
 macro-scale dynamics suggest that poverty in inner areas of the city are
 related to the unbalanced development trends within the country, such as
 the overgrowth of metropolitan cities, economic restructuring processes,
 migration trends and the development of informal economy. The ecological
 dynamics address to the housing and job location preferences and
 invasion-succession processes in the city, which emphasize that
 socio-economic characteristics of inner areas of the city are different
 from those of other city parts. Micro-scale dynamics are related to poors'
 ability of developing solidarity relations among themselves, which is also
 related to the spatial characteristics of inner areas of the city,
 according to this study's findings. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 319-338 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310601017026 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310601017026 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2007:i:3:p:319-338




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Funda Yirmibesoglu 
Author-X-Name-First: Funda 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yirmibesoglu 
Author-Name: Nilgun Ergun 
Author-X-Name-First: Nilgun 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ergun 
Title: Property and Personal Crime in Istanbul 
Abstract:
   In recent studies on urban safety, close
 relationships between physical and demographic characteristics have been
 found in crime levels in cities. In many countries social, political and
 economic turmoil have been the main reasons for the increase in urban
 crime and violence in the last 50 years. In physically deprived
 environments, the most important factors that increase urban crime are
 socially isolated communities, economic discrimination and lack of
 equality in political citizenship rights. In developing countries, it is
 difficult to obtain data about crime and safety. For this reason, there
 are very few studies on crime compared to developed countries. In the
 research in this paper, the similarities and differences of crime ratios
 against property and persons in Istanbul are compared with those in other
 countries. For this purpose, the spatial distribution of crimes committed
 were analysed on a comparative basis between 1998--2002 in 32 districts
 displaying different characteristics in terms of distance to the centre,
 use of land, value of land, physical and demographic features. The
 research revealed that the crime rates in Istanbul against property and
 persons were in parallel with developed countries. The districts which
 have mixed use (residential and commercial, residential and industrial),
 high population increase, high number of households, high density and high
 land value, property and personal crime levels are high; when date of
 becoming a district is recent and the size of the district is large,
 property and personal crime levels are low. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 339-355 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310601017067 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310601017067 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2007:i:3:p:339-355




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lale Berko&#xA8;z 
Author-X-Name-First: Lale 
Author-X-Name-Last: Berko&#xA8;z 
Author-Name: Engin Eyuboglu 
Author-X-Name-First: Engin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eyuboglu 
Title: Intrametropolitan Location of Producer-service FDI in Istanbul 
Abstract:
   For the purpose of increasing the capacity of
 foreign trade and attracting more foreign capital, Turkey began to modify
 its relevant economic laws and institutions in the 1980s. This
 restructural process proved its success, increasing the number of firms
 with foreign capital operating in Turkey 29 times between 1980 and 1997.
 However, considering other developing countries on a global scale, this
 increase rate was less than expected. When the conjuncture of global
 political systems undergoing dramatic changes since the previous century
 is regarded carefully, entering the twenty-first century as a country
 still in the process of developing, it is most probable that Turkey will
 become a country of significant power in this century with its historical,
 geographical, ethnic, and economic potentials in the Balkans, Middle
 Eastern and Caucasian regions. Due to the emergence of new opportunities
 in the Middle East, the Turkic Republics, Ukraine and the Federation of
 Russia since the beginning of the 1990s, in order to preserve its external
 appeal, Turkey has been obliged to adapt to the changes in the goals of
 this area. With the advantage of being a coastal city positioned at the
 crossroads of trade routes throughout history, Istanbul has been the
 centre of commercial control and coordination. Today the advantage of its
 geographical position makes Istanbul an important centre preferred by
 global capital for reaching local markets and resources. In other words,
 Istanbul is a candidate to be the centre of the functions of control and
 accessibility within these interregional networks. In this respect, the
 pattern of foreign direct investment (FDI) in producer services has been
 investigated. This paper represents a portion of the research conducted in
 Istanbul by Istanbul Technical University. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 357-381 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310601017075 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310601017075 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2007:i:3:p:357-381




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ferhan Gezici 
Author-X-Name-First: Ferhan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gezici 
Author-Name: Geoffrey J. D. Hewings 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoffrey J. D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hewings 
Title: Spatial Analysis of Regional Inequalities in Turkey 
Abstract:
   In this paper, we examine regional inequalities
 in Turkey not only at the interprovincial level but for three different
 regional definitions as well. It has raised questions about inequalities
 not only between regions (interregional) but inequalities within each
 region. Hence, one contribution of this paper is to test the effects of
 aggregation and scale on the identification of regional inequalities using
 currently accepted spatial analytic methods. The results indicate that
 overall inequalities are decreasing; however spatial dependence is
 becoming more dominant. The Theil Index indicates that interregional
 inequalities are increasing while intraregional inequalities are declining
 for all spatial partitions from 1980 to 1997. Most developed provinces are
 enhancing overall inequalities, although there is some evidence of a
 spread effect on their neighbours. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 383-403 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310601017091 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310601017091 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2007:i:3:p:383-403




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sampo Ruoppila 
Author-X-Name-First: Sampo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ruoppila 
Title: Establishing a Market-orientated Urban Planning System after State Socialism: The Case of Tallinn 
Abstract:
   The article examines the development of the urban
 planning system in Tallinn from 1991, when Estonia re-established its
 independence from the Soviet Union, until 2004. The planning laws and
 planning documents are analysed from the point of view of what kind of
 tools they provide for the public authority to intervene in urban
 development. It is argued that a liberal ad hoc urban planning that was
 established in the early 1990s is currently gradually being replaced by a
 more regulatory system where the rights of landowners are increasingly yet
 not always comprehensively defined in advance. Nonetheless, despite the
 recent revival of planning, the market still primarily dictates Tallinn's
 urban development. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 405-427 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310601017117 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310601017117 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2007:i:3:p:405-427




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: José   M. Barrutia 
Author-X-Name-First: José   M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barrutia 
Author-Name: Carmen Echebarria 
Author-X-Name-First: Carmen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Echebarria 
Title: Regional Network for Quality Promotion: A Case-study of the Basque Country 
Abstract:
   Quality promotion as a means of improving
 competitiveness is a major objective in many countries. This paper
 examines successful practices in the Basque Country over an 11-year
 period, with a view to shedding light on the theoretical literature.
 Research on policy networks has produced useful results but we are still
 some way from a plausible, consensus-based theory of policy networks.
 Based on experience in the Basque Country, an integrated approach to
 understanding the antecedents and consequences of a regional
 knowledge-driven network for quality promotion is offered. Other regions
 in developing countries could use this approach to achieve successful
 policy networks. Although Total Quality Management implementation in
 public sector entities has been studied before, evidence about Regional
 Quality Promotion experiences is scarce. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 429-451 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310601017158 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310601017158 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2007:i:3:p:429-451




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carina Listerborn 
Author-X-Name-First: Carina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Listerborn 
Title: Book Review 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 453-455 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310601079497 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310601079497 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2007:i:3:p:453-455




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arnoud Lagendijk 
Author-X-Name-First: Arnoud 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lagendijk 
Author-Name: Anne Lorentzen 
Author-X-Name-First: Anne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lorentzen 
Title: Proximity, Knowledge and Innovation in Peripheral Regions. On the Intersection between Geographical and Organizational Proximity 
Abstract:
   What role do various kinds of proximity play in
 the current and projected development of peripheral areas? In summarizing
 and drawing conclusions from this special issue on proximity, this paper
 elaborates on two core notions of proximity, geographical and
 organizational. It presents a framework in which the relationship between
 geographical and organizational proximity is conceptualized in a way that
 is somewhat different from previous contributions, notably by the French
 School on Proximity. The framework is used to evaluate the outcomes of the
 various contributions in this issue. The findings endorse the idea that
 economic performance relies more on localized capacities to build
 &#x201C;global&#x201D; connections, complemented with an adequate local
 resource base, than on local networking and clustering. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 457-466 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310601133260 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310601133260 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2006:i:4:p:457-466




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anne Lorentzen 
Author-X-Name-First: Anne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lorentzen 
Title: The Geography of Knowledge Sourcing&#x2014;A Case Study of Polish Manufacturing Enterprises 
Abstract:
   The assumption that geographic proximity between
 innovating partners is of great importance is widely unquestioned and it
 has been documented by studies of high-tech areas in advanced countries.
 Until now, the pattern of cooperation among firms in low- and medium-tech
 industry in more peripheral locations has not been a subject of study to
 the same degree. This article sets out to question the rationales behind
 the territorial innovation theories, and, in particular, their views on
 the role of the region in the era of globalization. It is found that the
 regional focus is less fruitful when it comes to explaining the innovation
 pattern of individual firms today. Notions of proximity are particularly
 suited for identifying the spatial variety of inter-firm relations, in
 combination with notions of firm capabilities. Against this background,
 the article detects the pattern and role of knowledge sourcing of low- and
 medium-tech firms in a peripheral context of Poland. It sheds light on the
 capability of firms to source useful knowledge for innovation, and
 particularly, on the geography of their knowledge sourcing. The analysis
 shows that the firms are capable of sourcing knowledge in a flexible and
 complex way, and that a division of labour exists between regional, global
 and national knowledge sources. Global sources are seen as the most
 important sources of innovation, while the regional level basically
 provides a labour market and entrepreneurship. Thus, the research of this
 article does not support ideas of clustering or local buzz or of
 perceiving the region as mediator. On the contrary, the research suggests
 that knowledge sourcing for innovation is global. The theoretical part of
 the paper is rooted in a critical assessment of the ongoing debate on
 &#x201C;proximity&#x201D;. (A more detailed assessment can be found in a
 paper by the author presented at the ESF exploratory workshop on
 &#x201C;The governance of networks as a determinant of local economic
 development&#x201D;, San Sebastian, 16--18 November 2005, and at the
 Regional Studies International conference on &#x2018;Regional Growth
 Agendas&#x2019; on 28--31 May 2005 in Aalborg University, Denmark.) The
 empirical focus of the paper is knowledge sourcing strategies at firm
 level. The empirical part of the paper is based on the analysis of
 interviews performed at 23 companies in two Polish cities in 2000, 2001
 and 2002 (Lorentzen, 2005). 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 467-486 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310601133252 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310601133252 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2006:i:4:p:467-486




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Benneworth 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Benneworth 
Title: Seven Samurai Opening Up the Ivory Tower? The Construction of Newcastle as an Entrepreneurial University 
Abstract:
   Recent work in regional development has stressed
 the role of key economic actors in less favoured regions, particularly in
 high-technology sectors, in making those regions more attractive to
 outside investors. Of course, in less favoured regions (LFRs), there are
 rarely strong high-technology sectors able to reconfigure their local
 environment and provide the necessary local &#x201C;buzz&#x201D; to
 attract the attention of outside investors. In this paper, this issue is
 addressed by looking at how universities can play this role and have a
 broader systemic effect on the regional economic environment, by plugging
 gaps in the local regional innovation system. In this paper, a case study
 from Newcastle in the north-east of England is taken to consider recent
 developments which have begun to rebuild the regional innovation system.
 Focusing on the commercialization community around the university, it is
 looked at how this community of geographically proximate but initially
 organizationally and cognately remote actors built a common understanding
 to solve the problems involved in exploiting intellectual property in the
 impoverished regional innovation system (RIS) of the north-east of
 England. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 487-509 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310601133286 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310601133286 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2006:i:4:p:487-509




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Seija Virkkala 
Author-X-Name-First: Seija 
Author-X-Name-Last: Virkkala 
Title: Innovation and Networking in Peripheral Areas&#x2014;a Case Study of Emergence and Change in Rural Manufacturing 
Abstract:
   This paper examines the features of successful
 forms of innovation in rural areas characterized by geographical distance
 and sparse population. The core questions are: how firms compensate for
 the lack of a dense local network; how rural clusters are emerging and
 changing; how firms acquire knowledge for innovation processes; how firms
 face the challenges of globalization, notably at the level of value
 chains. The topics will be examined through an analysis of the development
 of one agricultural area in northern Finland which has industrialized
 since the mid-1990s in the wake of the growth of the national information
 and communication technology (ICT) cluster. The findings reveal that the
 knowledge needed for innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises
 (SMEs) stems from regional sources&#x2014;clients of localized networks as
 well as regional educational and knowledge institutes&#x2014;whereas the
 leading firms of the regional networks acquire knowledge from clients,
 non-local knowledge institutes and national technology programmes. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 511-529 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310601133948 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310601133948 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2006:i:4:p:511-529




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M&#xE1;rio Vale 
Author-X-Name-First: M&#xE1;rio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vale 
Author-Name: Josué Caldeira 
Author-X-Name-First: Josué 
Author-X-Name-Last: Caldeira 
Title: Proximity and Knowledge Governance in Localized Production Systems: The Footwear Industry in the North Region of Portugal 
Abstract:
   Proximity is a key concept in the explanation of
 traditional and emergent production systems. Recently, the role of
 geographical proximity has been qualified on the basis of the argument
 that other types of proximity should also be taken into account in the
 explanation of innovation and, particularly, knowledge governance in
 production systems (e.g. sectoral innovation systems, global production
 networks, etc.). Drawing on in-depth research at the level of the company,
 this paper discusses to what extent the introduction of new technology,
 fashion and design, and control of distribution networks is changing the
 localized footwear production system in the North region of Portugal. The
 results indicate how leading innovative companies are developing distant
 spatial relationships in order to gain access to new critical knowledge
 using different strategies that are modifying the very nature of the
 spatial agglomeration. As new types of proximity emerge and new governance
 mechanisms are put in place, we argue that a new industrial and innovation
 policy is needed to sustain these traditional industrial agglomerations. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 531-548 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310601134854 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310601134854 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2006:i:4:p:531-548




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Knut Onsager 
Author-X-Name-First: Knut 
Author-X-Name-Last: Onsager 
Author-Name: Arne Isaksen 
Author-X-Name-First: Arne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Isaksen 
Author-Name: Morten Fraas 
Author-X-Name-First: Morten 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fraas 
Author-Name: Tom Johnstad 
Author-X-Name-First: Tom 
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnstad 
Title: Technology Cities in Norway: Innovating in Glocal Networks 
Abstract:
   This paper compares learning, knowledge flows and
 innovation processes in the high-tech clusters in four small Norwegian
 cities, which are specialized in high-tech industries. It addresses how
 the clusters have developed historically with important national stimuli
 and engagement, examines what existing knowledge sources and innovation
 networks the high-tech firms use and are integrated in, and identifies
 which of these are particularly locally rooted vis-&#xE0;-vis relying more
 on global pipelines. The paper underlines the importance of glocal (global
 and local) networks for the innovation capabilities of high-tech firms in
 small regional clusters. However, it also critically examines the concepts
 of glocal networks and &#x201C;local buzz and global pipelines&#x201D;,
 and argues in particular for the need to take into account some other
 types of proximities and spatial levels that directly and indirectly are
 focused by these concepts. Thus, the national level is found to be central
 in initiating the building of clusters in new industries, particularly in
 &#x201C;resource thin&#x201D; peripheral regions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 549-566 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310601134896 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310601134896 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andreas Faludi 
Author-X-Name-First: Andreas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Faludi 
Title: Territorial Cohesion Policy and the European Model of Society1 
Abstract:
   This paper explores the roots of territorial
 cohesion thinking in the &#x2018;European model of society&#x2019;. There
 is much to do about this model. Some regard it as a liability for European
 competitiveness. The Barroso Commission wants to safeguard the model by,
 albeit temporarily, giving priority to growth. There are those -- not only
 in Europe, but also on the other side of the Atlantic -- arguing that the
 European model forms a solid basis for a highly competitive economy. In
 these debates, &#x2018;European model&#x2019; stands for moderating the
 pursuit of economic growth with concerns for social welfare and equity,
 sustainability and good governance. Before elaborating, the paper
 summarises the discussion about territorial cohesion and the struggle over
 current EU policy. Then the paper backtracks to the ideas of Jacques
 Delors responsible for injecting the European model into the integration
 discourse. What follows is an account of four reports in the wake of the
 hapless Lisbon Strategy, all invoking the European model. The paper
 concludes with reflections on territorial cohesion policy and the European
 model. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 567-583 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701232079 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701232079 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2007:i:4:p:567-583




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vladimír Bal&#xE1;&#x17E; 
Author-X-Name-First: Vladimír 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bal&#xE1;&#x17E; 
Title: Regional Polarization under Transition: The Case of Slovakia 
Abstract:
   This paper analyses trends in regional
 polarization in Slovakia on the NUTS II and NUTS IV levels for the period
 1985--2002 from the neo-classical and polarization approaches to regional
 development. Development of disparities in regional incomes was examined
 via an econometric model. The model was based on extensive datasets from
 Slovak districts for the period 1985--2002. It identified unemployment
 rates, urbanization rates, shares of population with university degree and
 share of foreign investors in total enterprises as major factors behind
 regional divergence. Strong polarization between Bratislava and the rest
 of the country was the most remarkable feature of regional development
 after 1989. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 587-602 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2005 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310600852639 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310600852639 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2005:i:5:p:587-602




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robin Ganser 
Author-X-Name-First: Robin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ganser 
Author-Name: Katie Williams 
Author-X-Name-First: Katie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Williams 
Title: Brownfield Development: Are We Using the Right Targets? Evidence from England and Germany 
Abstract:
   Urban brownfield sites are a major planning
 concern across Europe, and most European countries have strategies to
 reuse them. In England and Germany, quantified targets for brownfield
 development have been set at the national level, with the twin objectives
 of furthering urban regeneration and reducing greenfield development. This
 paper explores the implications of these quantified targets, particularly
 with respect to their ability to contribute to meeting these twin
 objectives. It explores their shortcomings and highlights implementation
 problems. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 603-622 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2005 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310600852654 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310600852654 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2005:i:5:p:603-622




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dafna Schwartz 
Author-X-Name-First: Dafna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schwartz 
Author-Name: Raphael Bar-El 
Author-X-Name-First: Raphael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bar-El 
Title: Venture Investments in Israel&#x2014;a Regional Perspective 
Abstract:
   This paper analyses the geographic distribution
 of venture investments in start-ups in Israel, using data for the period
 1995--2004. The findings show that their location behaviour differs from
 that of high-tech activities: they show a pattern of &#x201C;dispersed
 concentration&#x201D; (as compared with a pattern of &#x201C;concentrated
 concentration&#x201D; of high-tech activity), with high levels of
 concentration in focal places, but at a commuting distance from the main
 metropolis. This is explained by the fact that venture investors also play
 the role of entrepreneurs and managers. The comparison between different
 types of venture investors shows that local venture capital funds lead to
 the heaviest concentration in the metropolis, in comparison with foreign
 venture investors. This heavy concentration of venture investments implies
 increasing regional gaps, with a minimal participation of peripheral
 regions, even those that enjoy some high-tech activity. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 623-644 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2005 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701213905 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701213905 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J.   N. Marshall 
Author-X-Name-First: J.   N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marshall 
Title: Public Sector Relocation Policies in the UK and Ireland1 
Abstract:
   Public sector relocation from capital cities to
 reduce costs and ameliorate regional disparities has been a high profile
 but little researched government policy. The paper outlines the reasons
 for the growth of interest in public sector relocation in Europe, and then
 compares UK and Irish relocation policies. It argues there appears to be a
 good case for public sector relocation, but there is less agreement on the
 precise means whereby dispersal should be achieved. The paper highlights
 successful aspects of public sector relocation policies in the UK and
 Ireland and indicates areas for further research. Successful public sector
 dispersal depends on a willingness on the part of government to take a
 long-term view, and historical evidence suggests it is difficult to move
 senior posts from the capital. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 645-666 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2005 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701213939 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701213939 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2005:i:5:p:645-666




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hugo Priemus 
Author-X-Name-First: Hugo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Priemus 
Title: The Network Approach: Dutch Spatial Planning between Substratum and Infrastructure Networks 
Abstract:
   This paper investigates the substratum and
 infrastructure networks as relevant components of spatial planning. Since
 2001, in Dutch government documents on spatial planning the Layers
 Approach has been presented, with three layers: substratum; networks;
 occupation patterns. The Layers Approach assumes that the characteristics
 of the substratum provide conditions for infrastructure networks and that
 these infrastructure networks then condition the occupation patterns,
 including the locations for housing, business activities and related
 services. These more or less hierarchical relationships are supposed to
 produce clear ground rules for the spatial planner. The Layers Approach
 seems to offer a robust methodology for spatial planning. This
 contribution presents the background of the Layers Approach, adds some
 critical notes and proposes an amendment: the Network Approach, connecting
 different spatial scales. After the presentation of a typology of networks
 a preliminary overview of the dynamics of transport networks is given. The
 spatial relevance of information and communication technology (ICT)
 networks, that support transport networks, is discussed. Nodes are
 presented as links between infrastructure networks and occupation
 patterns. The paper concludes that actors, dealing with regional spatial
 plans in a decentralized planning system, have to acquire an in-depth
 knowledge of the technology, economy and governance of current networks
 and the qualities of the substratum, which form a conditioning and
 stimulating framework for the spatial planning of urban and regional
 areas. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 667-686 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2005 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701213962 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701213962 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin De Jong 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Jong 
Author-Name: Jurian Edelenbos 
Author-X-Name-First: Jurian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Edelenbos 
Title: An Insider's Look into Policy Transfer in Transnational Expert Networks 
Abstract:
   Much of the recent academic literature on spatial
 planning in Europe focuses on either cross-national comparison of planning
 frameworks and planning practices or on transnational and transregional
 initiatives and their impact on planning in European countries. From those
 publications, it can be gleaned how similar themes are translated
 differentially in different national contexts. Although it is also a great
 source of European integration and harmonization, the phenomenon of the
 knowledge exchange within transnational expert networks of European
 planners at the level of cities has received less attention. In this
 paper, the knowledge exchange among planners in such a network is studied,
 highlighting the role of &#x201C;transfer agents&#x201D; (academic and/or
 policy experts operating in communities in different policy arenas) in the
 exchange process. It builds on the insights from existing literature on
 policy transfer and policy learning, and tries to add a new perspective on
 this body of literature from an insiders' perspective, i.e. participatory
 observation. The idea is that policy transfer can be fruitfully approached
 as a process of knowledge and information transfer between producers,
 senders, facilitators and recipients. Often this exchange is to a very
 large extent a process of absorbing appealing labels for policy solutions
 from the international or national policy levels, and then adopting an
 interpretation of it suitable to one's own context. The authors try to
 give meaning to this exchange process by using two mechanisms, i.e. social
 interaction and conceptual replication. By combining these two mechanisms
 the authors try to uncover which policy lessons are being transferred
 among seven European cities that joined the expert network on European
 sustainable urban development (Pegasus). 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 687-706 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701213996 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701213996 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Evren Ozus 
Author-X-Name-First: Evren 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ozus 
Author-Name: Vedia Dokmeci 
Author-X-Name-First: Vedia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dokmeci 
Author-Name: Gulay Kiroglu 
Author-X-Name-First: Gulay 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kiroglu 
Author-Name: Guldehan Egdemir 
Author-X-Name-First: Guldehan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Egdemir 
Title: Spatial Analysis of Residential Prices in Istanbul 
Abstract:
   The purpose of this paper is to examine the
 spatial distribution of housing prices at the metropolitan and at the
 district level of Istanbul. At the metropolitan level, the most important
 factors which affect housing prices are sub-market, floor area and sea
 view. At the district level, housing prices vary from district to district
 according to locational, socio-economic and property characteristics.
 High-income sub-markets have higher coefficient of determinations and more
 significant variables than low-income sub-markets. Furthermore, the
 results suggest that planned districts have higher housing prices; thus,
 restructuring squatter areas and revitalizing inner city areas provide not
 only benefits to individuals but also higher tax revenues to the city. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 707-721 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701214085 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701214085 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mathieu Van Criekingen 
Author-X-Name-First: Mathieu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Criekingen 
Title: Book Review 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 723-725 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701213913 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701213913 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Johan Brink 
Author-X-Name-First: Johan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brink 
Author-Name: Linus Dahlander 
Author-X-Name-First: Linus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dahlander 
Author-Name: Maureen Mckelvey 
Author-X-Name-First: Maureen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mckelvey 
Title: Developing Capabilities: An Analysis of Biotechnology in two Regions in Australia and Sweden 
Abstract:
   This article analyses whether regions develop
 capabilities in terms of scientific, technological and business activities
 within specific biotechnology areas. We take a broad definition of
 biotechnology, and identify four industry areas: (1) core biotechnology;
 (2) drugs; (3) medical technologies; (4) agriculture. Capabilities and
 specialization-diversification are analysed for the regions of Gothenburg
 in western Sweden, and Brisbane in Queensland, Australia, for the period
 1997--2001. These regions are relatively ordinary, and not well-studied,
 biotech mega-centres. The results suggest there are positive feedback
 mechanisms that occur in co-located activities developing regional
 capabilities. Regional success within biotechnology, then, is related to
 the existence of all or most of the different value adding activities
 within a sector, as well as being reasonably diversified within related
 sectors. This is true for all measured industry areas, although regional
 capability development within core biotechnology shows signs of a
 relatively more disruptive pattern. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 727-751 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701214176 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701214176 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sharmistha Bagchi-Sen 
Author-X-Name-First: Sharmistha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bagchi-Sen 
Title: Strategic Considerations for Innovation and Commercialization in the US Biotechnology Sector 
Abstract:
   This paper examines the importance of alliances
 as an innovation strategy utilized by US biotechnology firms. In doing so,
 the role of alliances with universities <italic>vis-&#xE0;-vis</italic>
 alliances with industrial companies is emphasized. The biotechnology
 sector is dominated by few large and many small firms. The small firms are
 research focused or technology developers. Several large firms are now
 integrated biopharmaceutical companies. Very few small firms can survive
 without strengthening their relationships with universities, biotechnology
 or pharmaceutical or other large companies. These relationships range from
 licensing agreements, export--import connections to various forms of
 alliances for R&D, product development and marketing. Large firms
 supplement in-house R&D by acquiring research products and/or new
 technologies from small firms as well as universities. A survey of US
 biotechnology companies is used to show the emergence of alliance
 relationships, which continue to highlight university linkages, emphasize
 connections of biotechnology firms with other biotechnology entrepreneurs,
 and an ongoing effort to build a synergistic relationship with
 pharmaceutical or other large companies. Most linkages are not confined to
 the local area; the main locational attribute is the science base or the
 labour market. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 753-766 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701214226 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701214226 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2006:i:6:p:753-766




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robin Teigland 
Author-X-Name-First: Robin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Teigland 
Author-Name: G&#xF6;ran Lindqvist 
Author-X-Name-First: G&#xF6;ran 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lindqvist 
Title: Seeing Eye-to-eye: How do Public and Private Sector Views of a Biotech Cluster and its Cluster Initiative Differ? 
Abstract:
   As clusters have developed from an analytical
 concept into a key policy tool, numerous cluster initiatives, or
 collaborative organizations designed to enhance the competitiveness of
 clusters, have been implemented across the globe. However, while research
 on clusters is abundant, research specifically focusing on these emerging
 organizations is scant to date. This paper analyzes one such cluster
 initiative and its cluster, and in particular examines to what degree the
 public and private sectors (1) have the same understanding of the
 cluster's competitiveness and underlying strengths and weaknesses and (2)
 what activities the cluster initiative should conduct. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 767-786 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2005 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701214291 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701214291 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2005:i:6:p:767-786




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alessandro Rosiello 
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rosiello 
Title: The Geography of Knowledge Transfer and Innovation in Biotechnology: The Cases of Scotland, Sweden and Denmark1 
Abstract:
   This paper addresses themes at the heart of
 policy debates on innovation systems and concentrates on the process of
 progressive transformation that has been affecting the therapeutic and
 diagnostic sectors as a result of the application of molecular biology.
 The focus is on the relationship between firms' locational choices,
 innovation policy and industrial dynamics. The issue of knowledge transfer
 is explored and the discussion addresses the theoretical controversy
 between two contrasting approaches: while some describe open networks and
 collaboration as means of enhancing competences for learning, others argue
 that, as intellectual assets are protected by property rights, knowledge
 adheres to specific locations mainly as a consequence of scientists'
 immobility. Then it is assessed whether knowledge transfer, in its
 different forms, is prevalently local or tends to occur on a global scale.
 Finally, the perceived effectiveness of some policy measures directed to
 enhance connectivity among players holding complementary knowledges is
 examined. Countries such as Sweden, Denmark and Scotland, who have
 pioneered the implementation of cluster thinking in Europe, provides an
 ideal setting to conduct this empirical study. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 787-815 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701231253 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701231253 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2006:i:6:p:787-815




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jesper Lindgaard Christensen 
Author-X-Name-First: Jesper 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lindgaard Christensen 
Title: The Development of Geographical Specialization of Venture Capital 
Abstract:
  Many regions have realized that access to capital is an important
 prerequisite for establishment and growth of businesses, and have
 therefore focused policies to ensure an adequate supply of risk capital.
 The growth of the venture capital industry in the 1990s put pressure on
 venture capital firms (VCFs) to act more strategically. Many VCFs have
 thus specialized along one or more dimensions: certain industries, stages
 of development of the firm, or geographical areas. A theoretical dichotomy
 is developed in this paper to explain regionally focused venture capital.
 A competence-based theoretical view sees increased competition in the
 industry as promoting the growth of geographical specialization, while,
 according to financial theory, it would lead to diversification in order
 to spread risk. The empirical analysis illustrates the development in the
 average distance between VCFs and their Danish portfolio firms. All
 venture capital investments are included. Findings suggest that the
 process of geographical specialization follows an inverted V-shaped curve.
 This is interpreted in light of the developments in competition and in the
 competencies in the market. VCFs search broadly for investment
 opportunities in the first phase of the emergence of the venture capital
 industry, but when competition increases they tend to confine themselves
 to investments within a closer geographical distance. The implications of
 these findings are important both for funds-of-funds, regional
 governments, and VCFs. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 817-833 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701232137 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701232137 
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File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2006:i:6:p:817-833




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J.   A. Schout 
Author-X-Name-First: J.   A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schout 
Author-Name: A.   J. Jordan 
Author-X-Name-First: A.   J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jordan 
Title: From Cohesion to Territorial Policy Integration (TPI): Exploring the Governance Challenges in the European Union 
Abstract:
   The European Union (EU) is searching for new
 approaches to manage problems that span different policy sectors. In the
 regional policy field, incompatibilities between the EU's territorial
 development objectives and its transport, agricultural, competition and
 environmental policies, are well known. The need to integrate territorial
 policy concerns into these sectoral policies (territorial policy
 integration or &#x201C;TPI&#x201D;) has recently emerged as a key policy
 priority. This article examines the EU's capacity to implement TPI. It
 does so in relation to two member states (Germany and the Netherlands) and
 the European Commission. It finds that the administrative implications of
 implementing TPI are far more demanding than any of these actors are
 currently able to handle. Moreover, some EU-level networks are potentially
 relevant to TPI, but these are mostly focused on regional policy matters
 (i.e. they are relatively inward looking). If these administrative issues
 are not taken more seriously, &#x201C;integration&#x201D; will struggle to
 make headway in an EU which is notoriously sectorized. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 835-851 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701220280 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701220280 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2007:i:6:p:835-851




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Veli-Pekka Tynkkynen 
Author-X-Name-First: Veli-Pekka 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tynkkynen 
Title: Resource Curse Contested&#x2014;Environmental Constructions in the Russian Periphery and Sustainable Development 
Abstract:
   In this article the development perspectives of a
 peripheral and socio-economically marginalized, but ecologically valuable
 Russian locality are examined. An analysis is made on how two local level
 administrations construct nature, resource use and environmental
 questions. These constructions give insights into the future perspectives
 of sustainable development in peripheral, resource-rich and ecologically
 central localities of Russia. Light is also shed on potential conflicts
 between industrial resource development and ecological tourism in this
 exceptional context. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 853-870 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701214549 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701214549 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ji&#x159;í Bla&#x17E;ek 
Author-X-Name-First: Ji&#x159;í 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bla&#x17E;ek 
Author-Name: David Uhlí&#x159; 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Uhlí&#x159; 
Title: Regional Innovation Policies in the Czech Republic and the Case of Prague: An Emerging Role of a Regional Level? 
Abstract:
   The aim of the paper is to provide an overview of
 the development of Czech innovation policy which started to get its shape
 in the first years of the 21st century. The article traces its origins to
 a number of interlinked factors&#x2014;the introduction of European
 regional policy in the Czech Republic, the increased inflow of foreign
 direct investment into R&D-intensive sectors and also the devolution of
 power to Czech regions that were established in 2001 and gave a new,
 regional dimension to research and innovation policy. It pays particular
 attention to the process through which the regionally-based innovation
 policy advocated by the European Union (EU) has been translated and
 adapted in the context of a new EU member state. As an illustration of the
 efforts at the regional level to make a better use of the potential of R&D
 and innovation in the regional development, a case study of a regional
 innovation strategy of the City of Prague is analysed. The City of Prague
 was selected for a critical analysis of an innovation system and
 innovation policy due to the fact that it is a region with significant but
 until now not fully exploited innovation potential and, in addition, its
 first innovation strategy has been recently adopted. The innovation
 strategy is closely scrutinized and the process of its elaboration is
 critically examined within the European and especially national context.
 The authors demonstrate that there is a lot of conceptual ambiguity and
 confusion associated with the process of transferring the experiences of
 Western European regions to the Czech Republic. The authors believe that
 at least some of their observations and analysis of weaknesses of the
 process through which the regional innovation strategy (RIS) has been
 carried out will have relevance for other Czech regions and even for other
 regions in the new EU member states. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 871-888 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701356175 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701356175 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Darrin Bayliss 
Author-X-Name-First: Darrin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bayliss 
Title: The Rise of the Creative City: Culture and Creativity in Copenhagen 
Abstract:
   Culture and creativity as drivers of development
 are established features of the urban policy agenda. This article examines
 the interplay of culture, creativity and city planning using the example
 of Copenhagen, Denmark. Denmark presents an interesting example because
 whilst it has a tradition for linking culture with urban economic
 boosterism, recent research has suggested a social emphasis in its more
 contemporary urban cultural policies. The paper argues that the arrival of
 creativity upon the urban agenda has abruptly altered this policy context.
 Both culture and creativity have become central to attempts to stimulate
 the cultural and creative industries and to promote the city at an
 international level, attracting investment and the &#x201C;Creative
 Class&#x201D;. In tracing this development, the article discusses
 potential changes to the planning system designed to facilitate
 Copenhagen's transformation to a creative city and points to the potential
 impacts of these. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 889-903 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701356183 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701356183 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2006:i:7:p:889-903




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ayda Eraydin 
Author-X-Name-First: Ayda 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eraydin 
Author-Name: Bilge Armatli K&#xF6;ro&#x11F;lu 
Author-X-Name-First: Bilge 
Author-X-Name-Last: Armatli K&#xF6;ro&#x11F;lu 
Title: Increasing Role of Services in Competitive Power and Innovativeness of Firms and Industrial Clusters 
Abstract:
   The aim of this paper is to discuss the
 importance of different types of global services for industrial firms and
 clusters in terms of their economic competitiveness and innovative
 performance. The theoretical debates argue that globalization,
 deregulation and the new production organization make it necessary to use
 global services that are supplied easily with the help of new
 telecommunication technologies. The existing empirical studies provide
 some supporting evidence. However, they also indicate that global service
 firms can be attained by only smaller numbers of industrial firms and
 clusters. Still, in-house services besides temporal and informal
 mechanisms are important to meet the needs of the specialized services,
 even for the firms that try to become a part of the global production
 system. The paper focuses on three main questions: &#x201C;What types of
 global services are becoming crucial for manufacturing firms and what type
 of services are still local and national? Is there a significant
 difference between the characteristics of firms that use the same type of
 services? To what extent is having access to global services important for
 the innovativeness of industrial firms and clusters? This paper looks for
 the answers to these questions based on existing case studies as well as
 this study of three industrial clusters in Turkey. The findings indicate
 that there is not a perfect match between theory and empirical evidence
 and there is a need for more refined theoretical discourses on
 industry--service relations. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 905-925 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701356217 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701356217 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2006:i:7:p:905-925




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sissel Hovik 
Author-X-Name-First: Sissel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hovik 
Author-Name: Knut Bj&#xF8;rn Stokke 
Author-X-Name-First: Knut 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bj&#xF8;rn Stokke 
Title: Network Governance and Policy Integration&#x2014;the Case of Regional Coastal Zone Planning in Norway 
Abstract:
   Integrated coastal zone management is
 characterized as a complex management situation, demanding integration
 across geographical borders, different policy sectors and levels of
 government. In Norway, the county municipalities are encouraged to take
 responsibility for achieving integration through regional coastal zone
 planning. Inspired by literature on network governance, the authors
 elaborate on how integration capacity might depend on an open and
 inclusive planning process and on the importance of conditions influencing
 the actors' perceived payoffs from participation. The result indicates
 that central actors benefiting from cooperation are more important in
 explaining the integration capacity, than the characteristics of the
 planning process itself. This illustrates the importance of the
 distribution of power and interdependencies among the actors in such
 processes. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 927-944 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701356647 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701356647 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Veronique Peyrache-Gadeau 
Author-X-Name-First: Veronique 
Author-X-Name-Last: Peyrache-Gadeau 
Title: Natural Resources, Innovative Milieux and the Environmentally Sustainable Development of Regions1 
Abstract:
   Traditional economic theory views natural
 resources as production factors to be exploited for the benefit of
 society. However, for this exploitation to be sustainable it must take
 into account the conservation and/or renewal of the resource.
 Increasingly, development projects have come to regard natural resources
 as essential elements of the local environment that must be exploited in
 ways that ensure future generations can also benefit from them. This
 process has been termed &#x201C;patrimonialization&#x201D;. In this
 article it is shown that the constructive development of natural resources
 and the environmentally sustainable development of regions are closely
 linked and the role of innovative milieux in defining the nature of local
 development projects is examined. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 945-959 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2005 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701359369 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701359369 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2005:i:7:p:945-959




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bernard Musyck 
Author-X-Name-First: Bernard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Musyck 
Author-Name: Alasdair Reid 
Author-X-Name-First: Alasdair 
Author-X-Name-Last: Reid 
Title: Innovation and Regional Development, Do European Structural Funds make a Difference? 
Abstract:
   The article draws on a thematic evaluation of
 Research Technological Development and Innovation (RTDI) related actions
 supported by the Structural Funds to assist declining industrial areas or
 Objective 2 regions, during the period between 1989 and 1999. Over the 10
 year period, three main approaches were identified in Objective 2 regions,
 the last two becoming predominant during the latter part of the period:
 technology push with funding of large projects such as science parks and
 research facilities; technology transfer with measures to disseminate
 technology; and demand pull with clearly identified and self contained
 RTDI priorities. While drawing lessons from the last decade, the paper
 also integrates some preliminary observations on structural funds
 investments for innovation during the current 2000--2006 programming
 period and concludes with a review of possible scenarios for the further
 development of RTDI in lagging regions in the framework of the Lisbon
 Strategy. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 961-983 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701356696 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701356696 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2007:i:7:p:961-983




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Neil Evans 
Author-X-Name-First: Neil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Evans 
Title: Using Earth Observation Data in Spatial Planning: The Geoland Project 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 985-989 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701359344 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701359344 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2007:i:7:p:985-989




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hugo Priemus 
Author-X-Name-First: Hugo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Priemus 
Title: System Innovation in Spatial Development: Current Dutch Approaches 
Abstract:
  A system innovation is a cross-organizational qualitative intervention
 that various system participants bring about together through their
 various contributions of different kinds of knowledge and skill. The term
 refers to the innovation of an entire system involving many actors.
 Spatial development refers to both the dynamic in land use, and changes in
 the development and implementation of spatial plans. The current large
 number of societal and spatial developments taken as a whole in a country
 such as the Netherlands increase the pressure on space and create the need
 for a powerful system innovation. This paper explains the system
 innovation which is going on in the Netherlands now, drawing on such
 themes as the coproduction of policy, public--private partnership and
 demand management. A process architecture for area development is more and
 more proposed, in which project envelopes are formed, the scope is
 optimized and surplus profits are ploughed back into the area (value
 capturing). The future will tell whether this new approach will really
 work and whether the traditional values and performance of Dutch spatial
 planning will be safeguarded under changing circumstances. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 992-1006 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2005 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701448147 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701448147 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2005:i:8:p:992-1006




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Smith 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith 
Title: Strategic Planning as Region Building on the Eastern Periphery of the EU 
Abstract:
   This article describes how region-building is
 performed by four strategic planning initiatives in north-eastern
 Slovakia, highlighting a tension between balanced and concentrated
 development perspectives in Slovak regional policy. The plans are read as
 records of an institutionalizing process, the product of which is the
 creation of a lasting collaborative relationship between actors. If
 strategic planning could fulfil a mobilizing and integrating function in
 eastern Slovakia, it would constitute a significant contribution to the
 successful negotiation of social and economic transformations associated
 with post-communist structural change and European Union (EU) accession.
 Region-building is complicated by an over-emphasis on endogenous
 perspectives among local actors, hindering vertical integration, and an
 indeterminacy about the scale at which such an integration is best
 performed. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1007-1025 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701448154 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701448154 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2006:i:8:p:1007-1025




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan   Michael Feldman 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan   Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Feldman 
Title: The Managerial Equation and Innovation Platforms: The Case of Link&#xF6;ping and Berzelius Science Park 
Abstract:
   This paper explores the political and economic
 origins of a science park in Link&#xF6;ping, Sweden. It shows how
 different &#x201C;innovation platforms&#x201D; emerged to develop the
 medical industrial sector. An innovation platform is a foundation for
 growth corresponding to a given set of organizations or networks that
 incubate and sustain innovative teams tied to a given sector. Large firms
 and incubator-linked science parks represent different kinds of innovative
 platforms. The paper centres on the concept of the &#x201C;managerial
 equation&#x201D;, arguing that growth projects like science parks build on
 coalitions and networks linking innovative resources, acquired knowledge
 tied to a given sector and power linked to decision-making power and
 financial resources. Changes within these elements of the equation explain
 the rise and fall of innovative platforms. Failures in learning in one
 platform lead to the rise of another. An absence of power (such as
 supporting resources) can also account for platform changes. Regional
 development decisions do not simply reflect path dependent specializations
 as regions use related capacities to break into &#x201C;new&#x201D;
 sectors. Commitments to Triple Helix formations linking universities,
 corporations and the government reflect changes within each branch of the
 Helix and political decision-making creating a diversity of development
 pathways. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1027-1045 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701448162 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701448162 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katariina Ala-R&#xE4;mi 
Author-X-Name-First: Katariina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ala-R&#xE4;mi 
Title: Communication and Distance in Collaboration between High-technology Enterprises in Northern Finland 
Abstract:
   New technologies affect economic activities, even
 to the extent that some claim they have lessened the importance of
 geographical distance. However, collaboration in product innovation
 creation involves various elements; therefore the development of
 technologies does not make geographical proximity insignificant. In this
 paper a study is made of collaboration aiming to create a product
 innovation between high-technology enterprises in northern Finland,
 especially the intertwining between communication and geographical
 distance. The study is based on interviews with managers of
 high-technology enterprises. The results indicate that while email and
 personal meetings are seen as important, geographical proximity also has
 an effect on collaboration. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1047-1062 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701448212 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701448212 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Beer 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Beer 
Author-Name: Joan Cooper 
Author-X-Name-First: Joan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooper 
Title: University--Regional Partnership in a Period of Structural Adjustment: Lessons from Southern Adelaide's Response to an Automobile Plant Closure 
Abstract:
   This paper examines some of the issues that arise
 out of partnerships between universities and regions. It draws upon the
 experience of Flinders University in working with a range of regional
 agents in responding to the closure of the Mitsubishi Motors Australia
 Limited (MMAL) plant at Lonsdale in Adelaide's southern suburbs. The paper
 suggests that there are a number of hurdles to the establishment of
 effective partnerships that include: the perception that universities
 behave in ways that are different to either public or private sector
 organizations; the absence of universities from the networks and
 communication protocols central to the work of economic development
 practitioners; the sporadic nature of university engagement with regional
 issues; and, the gap between university funding models and local economic
 aspirations. The paper also finds that government-established mechanisms
 for regional development may be flawed, especially if they are dominated
 by representatives of the public sector. The research concludes that
 current policy preoccupations with the development of commercially
 valuable intellectual property results in a heavy discounting of other
 economic impacts. Finally, the paper argues that a pathway for effective
 engagement between universities and their regions can be established, but
 such initiatives require considerable time, patience and understanding on
 the part of all parties. Periods of regional economic stress may not be
 the most appropriate periods for establishing these working relationships. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1063-1084 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701448238 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701448238 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Giovanna Bosco 
Author-X-Name-First: Maria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Giovanna Bosco 
Title: Innovation, R&D and Technology Transfer: Policies towards a Regional Innovation System. The Case of Lombardy 
Abstract:
   The evolution of Lombardy's economic structure
 and international position led the regional government to build up a
 network of public and private stakeholders in the effort of promoting the
 creation of new knowledge and supporting innovation at local level. In
 this article a technology picture of the region and the main policy
 actions undertaken in recent years in Lombardy to promote a nest of
 linkages within actors, moving along the approach of regional innovation
 systems are presented. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1085-1111 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701448246 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701448246 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eduardo Cuenca García 
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cuenca García 
Author-Name: José Antonio Rodríguez Martín 
Author-X-Name-First: José 
Author-X-Name-Last: Antonio Rodríguez Martín 
Title: Evolution of Expenditure in the Budget of the European Union (1957--2002) 
Abstract:
   This article analyses the evolution of Community
 expenditure, on the basis of the data given in the budget and in the EDF,
 from the origin of the process in 1957 until the year 2002, the last
 definitive figures. The technique of principal component factor analysis
 has been applied to these variables. The basic objective of this study is
 to detect the interrelationships among the policies of the Union and to
 effect a classification of them, in order to detect the priorities of the
 European project and to estimate the dimension of the impact of its
 policies during the period. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1113-1126 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701448279 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701448279 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2007:i:8:p:1113-1126




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hatice Ayatac 
Author-X-Name-First: Hatice 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ayatac 
Author-Name: Vedia D&#xF6;kmeci 
Author-X-Name-First: Vedia 
Author-X-Name-Last: D&#xF6;kmeci 
Title: Spatial Analysis of Library System and Proposal for New Libraries in Istanbul 
Abstract:
   Over the past several decades, the rapid growth
 of Istanbul has resulted in a tremendous gap between the need and
 provision of social facilities. Growing societal and community needs in
 the information age and the desire to become a member of the European
 Union (EU) have stimulated public officials to upgrade the existing
 libraries and to increase their numbers so as to reach European standards.
 Thus, the purpose of this paper is to evaluate the spatial distribution of
 existing libraries and to propose new ones where they are needed. Volume
 is the most important and the population of the districts is the second
 important factor to affect library use. Thus, it is crucial to support
 library construction, especially in the periphery of the city for future
 development, and to improve the level of service of the existing
 libraries. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1127-1137 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701448253 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701448253 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Cooke 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke 
Author-Name: Dafna Schwartz 
Author-X-Name-First: Dafna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schwartz 
Title: Key Drivers of Contemporary Innovation and Creativity 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1139-1141 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701528997 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701528997 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2007:i:9:p:1139-1141




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ove Langeland 
Author-X-Name-First: Ove 
Author-X-Name-Last: Langeland 
Title: Financing Innovation: The Role of Norwegian Venture Capitalists in Financing Knowledge-intensive Enterprises 
Abstract:
   This paper focuses on the roles and functions of
 the Norwegian venture capital industry in the innovation system. A lack of
 competent capital is often mentioned as a serious obstacle for financing
 innovation, and in particular for financing knowledge-intensive
 enterprises at their start-up and early development stages. In these
 stages the supply of strategic activities is just as important as capital,
 and venture capitalists are assumed to provide their enterprises with both
 capital and knowledge. Venture capital investments are also geographically
 clustered in cities and urban areas, and cities are said to have specific
 innovation advantages which reduce transaction costs associated with
 venture capital investing. Particularly larger cities have both a diverse
 knowledge-base and the geographical proximity which seem to be a
 prerequisite for sharing and transfer of the often complex and
 non-codified knowledge that are related to financing new
 knowledge-intensive enterprises. A better understanding of the role
 venture capitalists play in the innovation system may not only enhance our
 knowledge of innovation processes and strengthen the basis for innovation
 policies, but may also contribute to a better understanding of the
 industrial dynamics and the spatial development of a knowledge economy.
 The data employed in the paper comes from in-depth interviews with venture
 capital firms and seed funds in Norway, and from a survey of portfolio
 enterprises. All data are collected in 2002 and 2003. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1143-1161 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701529029 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701529029 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2006:i:9:p:1143-1161




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jesper Lindgaard Christensen 
Author-X-Name-First: Jesper 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lindgaard Christensen 
Title: Constraints on Innovation Finance in North Jutland, Denmark 
Abstract:
   The paper contributes to an understanding of the
 nature of financial constraints in a less developed region in Denmark,
 North Jutland. While based on a general discussion of characteristics of
 particularly constrained firms, the paper focuses more specifically and
 empirically on firms' perception of whether there is a financing gap with
 regard to innovation financing in the region and whether this situation
 has changed over time. Specifically, the extent to which firms point to
 financial constraints on their innovation projects and what type of firm
 sees financing as a constraint. The paper uses a longitudinal study of how
 a panel of more than 400 firms report financial constraints in six
 successive surveys. The paper also contributes with a closer linking of
 innovation and potential financial constraints. The results show that,
 while lack of external finance is an obstacle to innovation in a
 relatively small share of firms, the situation worsened in 2002--2004.
 Financing of innovation is increasingly seen as relatively important and
 an actual obstacle to innovation. Contrary to expectations, small and/or
 innovative firms did not differ much in their assessment of financial
 constraints before 2002. However, size seemed to matter in 2002--2004.
 Innovative firms were more financially constrained in 2003--2004. Our
 results indicate both a change in the degree to which financial
 constraints is a hindrance to innovation and also a change in the specific
 type of firm with the most severe financing constraint. Therefore one
 policy implication is that a range of different instruments may be needed
 if all firms should be targeted with an offer to support innovation
 activities. Additionally, a prerequisite for policy-makers to react to
 such changes is a close monitoring of the market development for which an
 extensive and frequent survey is an important instrument. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1163-1180 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701529045 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701529045 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2006:i:9:p:1163-1180




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gil Avnimelech 
Author-X-Name-First: Gil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Avnimelech 
Author-Name: Dafna Schwartz 
Author-X-Name-First: Dafna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schwartz 
Author-Name: Raphael Bar-El 
Author-X-Name-First: Raphael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bar-El 
Title: Entrepreneurial High-tech Cluster Development: Israel's Experience with Venture Capital and Technological Incubators 
Abstract:
   This study deals with policy instruments
 supporting high-tech start-up activity. It is based on the Israeli
 experience with two specific government programmes: Yozma, which triggered
 the emergence of the venture capital industry, and the technological
 incubators programme. These programmes had significant impact on the
 development of the high-tech cluster in Israel. While venture capital has
 positive impact on the growth and strength of high-tech clusters, it has
 also significant drawbacks, such as narrow geographical distribution of
 high-tech activities and narrow technological diversification. In this
 study we will analyse whether the interaction between Yozma programme and
 the technological incubators programme, reduced these drawbacks. We will
 examine whether the technological incubators in peripheral areas in Israel
 succeeded in attracting high-tech start-up activity as well as venture
 capital investments, and whether the incubators were supporting more
 diversified technological fields than the venture capital industry. In
 addition, we will try to determine whether cooperation between venture
 capitals and incubators led to more balanced investments patterns in terms
 of geographical distribution and technological diversification. Our
 empirical work is based on a population of 3747 Israeli high-tech firms,
 established between 1991 and 2004. In analysing this data we will attempt
 to determine whether venture capitals and incubators have dissimilar
 effectiveness in supporting start-ups and different technological and
 geographical preferences. The findings suggest that while venture
 capital-backed firms have higher success rates, their activities are more
 concentrated in central areas. In contrast, the technological incubators
 proved successful in attracting activity to peripheral areas and to less
 popular technologies, but their success rates are very low. Finally, the
 findings suggest that incubator graduates that received venture capital
 financing had significantly improved results. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1181-1198 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701529078 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701529078 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2006:i:9:p:1181-1198




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mikel G&#xF3;mez Uranga 
Author-X-Name-First: Mikel 
Author-X-Name-Last: G&#xF3;mez Uranga 
Author-Name: Goio Etxebarria Kerexeta 
Author-X-Name-First: Goio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Etxebarria Kerexeta 
Author-Name: Jordi Camp&#xE0;s-Velasco 
Author-X-Name-First: Jordi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Camp&#xE0;s-Velasco 
Title: The Dynamics of Commercialization of Scientific Knowledge in Biotechnology and Nanotechnology 
Abstract:
   We carry out an in-depth study of the growth,
 diffusion and reinforcement of knowledge in this article. We look for
 drivers to diffuse knowledge as to collaboration (between different
 research teams and between university and industry), regulations (on
 intellectual property rights, governmental), and broad lines of scientific
 research according to the financing methods used. The studies referred to
 in this article are linked to the creation and search for better
 commercialization conditions for the sciences and technologies associated
 with biosciences and nanosciences. Different paths of knowledge may be
 identified, according to the case. Certain kinds of drivers may be used
 more often than others, determined by the type of knowledge being dealt
 with. For instance, networking and collaboration between different
 research teams is one of the main activities necessary to innovate and to
 commercialize the products resulting from knowledge and research in those
 clusters. In other situations, it may be more suitable to reinforce
 knowledge diffusion through certain regulations. A case in point is the
 significance of the Bayh--Dole Act in the US, used to improve
 relationships between university and industry. Therefore, the aim of this
 article is to evaluate the type of drivers and the intensity required in
 each case. In general, in more advanced clusters and territories, drivers
 are more biased to creating conditions to commercialize science, and to a
 lesser extent, to government intervention to foster development. The two
 case studies we have chosen, i.e. the Barcelona biomedical cluster and the
 biosciences cluster in the Basque Country, call for drivers that are the
 same in certain regards but vary greatly in intensity. The simultaneous
 presence of all of these drivers works in an interrelated manner to
 activate the complex process of commercialization of science. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1199-1214 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701529136 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701529136 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2006:i:9:p:1199-1214




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kimmo Viljamaa 
Author-X-Name-First: Kimmo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Viljamaa 
Title: Technological and Cultural Challenges in Local Innovation Support Activities&#x2014;Emerging Knowledge Interactions in Charlotte's Motor Sport Cluster 
Abstract:
   This paper examines the emergence of
 university--industry partnerships in the motor sports industry cluster
 located in the Charlotte region of North Carolina, USA. Despite little
 industry demand for the local engagement, the universities and community
 colleges started to approach the industry in the late 1990s and recently
 several new programmes of motor sports-related research and education have
 been initiated. During the past 3 years, the regional and state
 governments have also started to play a role in building up support for
 the motor sports industry. This process has largely been influenced by the
 ideas of knowledge economy and innovation as an interactive process, by
 the ideas of the wider social and economic role of universities, and by
 increase awareness of the relevance of the motor sports industry for the
 regional economy. Charlotte's motor sports industry is an interesting
 example of how a previously rather craft-based industry transforms into
 one in which technology, innovation and creativity play a key role in firm
 performance. However, the strategy for building up regional capabilities
 and relationships necessary to support the increased technological
 intensity of the industry has been slow to develop. This paper addresses
 the important question of how the universities together with other
 research and educational organizations can build collaboration with an
 industry that has traditionally prospered in the region without any links
 to them, but which in the face of technological challenges needs to reach
 out to access cutting-edge knowledge and highly qualified personnel. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1215-1232 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701529169 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701529169 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2006:i:9:p:1215-1232




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jorge Alves 
Author-X-Name-First: Jorge 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alves 
Author-Name: Maria Jose Marques 
Author-X-Name-First: Maria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jose Marques 
Author-Name: Irina Saur&#x2010;Amaral 
Author-X-Name-First: Irina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Saur&#x2010;Amaral 
Title: Co-ownership Active Interfaces between Academia and Industry 
Abstract:
   This paper explores, after a brief review of the
 relevant literature, the characteristics of a co-ownership active
 interface in which the authors are involved. It is asserted that this
 interface, creative and idiosyncratic by its learning-by-doing outlook,
 provides a new cooperation platform for technological co-development and
 knowledge sharing. Linkages between academia and industry lack vitality
 and they are hampered by unequal expectations. Cooperation between the two
 sides faces dissimilar mind frames and objectives, and lacks mutual
 confidence built upon long-term, regular partnerships. Various approaches
 to university--industry collaboration are called for, desirably rooted in
 regional characteristics and allowing for cultural idiosyncrasies. In this
 paper, we claim that the case under analysis, where both strategic and
 tactical aspects are agreed upon jointly by academics and firms, provides
 a sound solution for efficient university--industry cooperation
 initiatives. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1233-1246 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701529193 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701529193 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2006:i:9:p:1233-1246




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Teresa Alves 
Author-X-Name-First: Teresa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alves 
Title: Art, Light and Landscape New Agendas for Urban Development 
Abstract:
   Public space in cities is in crisis. The symbolic
 elements constructed in public spaces in the past no longer serve to
 represent the flows circulating through them. According to the Dialogue
 Collective Public Space: New Perspectives, organized by the Universal
 Forum of Cultures, Barcelona 2004, the progressive weakening of public
 space has two underlying causes: the weakening of the political dimension
 of the city and the fact that the very notion of shared urban life is
 going through a deep crisis. We need a profound change in cities and local
 management. This change should reorient the thinking of city planners and
 political representatives, focusing on the city as a place of exchange
 that embraces new forms of institutional interaction and unconstrained
 relationships between citizens. Public urban space has a key role to play
 in the development and integration of cities. This paper presents the
 experience of some projects, named Luzboa, where art (culture and the
 creative arts) and light (science and technology) were used to promote
 urban development and to revitalize public space. Luzboa was a pioneer
 project in Portugal, built at the intersection between economic (science
 and technology innovation) and socio-cultural trends (culture and arts),
 with the support of public and private capital. Luzboa was 2 weeks of
 light-art animation in Lisbon's streets, conferences and workshops. More
 than 30 works brought live experience of the night to citizens and
 visitors in the old part of the city. In this paper, under inspection are:
 the new agendas for urban development; the reorientation of urban planning
 to focus on developing an active, cultural city, rather than simply
 highlighting historical heritage; the question of finance for innovation
 and creative activity; the management of knowledge and the role of various
 intermediaries. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1247-1260 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701529243 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701529243 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2006:i:9:p:1247-1260




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Darrin Bayliss 
Author-X-Name-First: Darrin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bayliss 
Title: Dublin's Digital Hubris: Lessons from an Attempt to Develop a Creative Industrial Cluster 
Abstract:
   Dublin's Digital Hub project was intended to be a
 digital district boasting not only an exciting industry of the future
 employing thousands of media, technology and creative workers, but an
 entire district of apartments, retail units and leisure areas. Six years
 after its inception, only two of the total nine acre site have been in any
 way developed and the project faces collapse following the closure of its
 star anchor tenant, Media Lab Europe. This research briefing contours the
 rise and fall of the project, suggesting lessons to be learned from the
 tortuous route followed in this attempt to plan and develop a creative
 digital cluster. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1261-1271 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701529268 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701529268 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2007:i:9:p:1261-1271




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alex Burfitt 
Author-X-Name-First: Alex 
Author-X-Name-Last: Burfitt 
Author-Name: Stewart Macneill 
Author-X-Name-First: Stewart 
Author-X-Name-Last: Macneill 
Author-Name: John Gibney 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gibney 
Title: The Dilemmas of Operationalizing Cluster Policy: The Medical Technology Cluster in the West Midlands 
Abstract:
   &#x201C;Clusters&#x201D; have become central to
 European regional economic development policy. However, concerns have
 emerged over the content and quality of delivery of cluster-based
 initiatives. Here we review the implementation of English cluster policy,
 with a focus on medical technologies in the West Midlands region of the
 UK. Using a policy streams framework, we seek rapprochement between
 counter arguments that implementation difficulties are the inevitable
 results of applying a &#x201C;fuzzy&#x201D; concept or are avoidable
 outcomes of organizational deficiencies. We illustrate how both can
 contribute to failure at different policy stages and suggest that before
 adopting a cluster approach more consideration should be given to the
 institutional capacity required for implementation. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1273-1290 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701529284 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701529284 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2007:i:9:p:1273-1290




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lisa De Propris 
Author-X-Name-First: Lisa 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Propris 
Author-Name: Luciana Lazzeretti 
Author-X-Name-First: Luciana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lazzeretti 
Title: The Birmingham Jewellery Quarter: A Marshallian Industrial District 
Abstract:
  The paper presents the findings of a study on the Birmingham Jewellery
 Quarter at its zenith from 1880 to 1920. Drawing on a unique database
 covering four decades and secondary data, it has been possible to map out
 the organization of production, the degree of firms' specializations, and
 extent of production and social networking within the Quarter. Such
 evidence seems to suggest that the Birmingham Jewellery Quarter was a
 Marshallian industrial district at the turn of the nineteenth century. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1295-1325 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701550785 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701550785 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2006:i:10:p:1295-1325




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Libby Porter 
Author-X-Name-First: Libby 
Author-X-Name-Last: Porter 
Author-Name: Austin Barber 
Author-X-Name-First: Austin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barber 
Title: Planning the Cultural Quarter in Birmingham's Eastside 
Abstract:
   Cultural planning and the development of cultural
 quarters has become a new orthodoxy in the revitalization of inner city
 industrial districts, yet this orthodoxy is now widely questioned as to
 whether it delivers on its promises. In Birmingham UK, the aim to create a
 new cultural quarter in the industrial inner city area of Eastside
 represents a unique opportunity for the city to examine and learn from
 past lessons of the &#x201C;cultural turn&#x201D; in urban policy. The
 article examines these lessons and whether the Eastside scheme is set to
 repeat the mistakes of the past 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1327-1348 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701550801 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701550801 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Andersen 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersen 
Author-Name: John Pl&#xF8;ger 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pl&#xF8;ger 
Title: The Dualism of Urban Governance in Denmark 
Abstract:
   The article argues that the present Danish urban
 policy and urban democracy can be characterized by a striking duality and
 tension between: (1) Participatory empowering welfare oriented community
 strategies, which targets deprived districts and neighbourhoods, which are
 based on notions of the inclusive city. This trend is founded on
 priorities of radical democracy, social justice, inclusion and citizens
 empowerment; (2) Neo-elitist/corporative market driven strategic regional
 and global growth strategies, which are based on notions of the
 Entrepreneurial Globalized City and where urban policy becomes a question
 of facilitation of the &#x201C;growth machine&#x201D; and neo-liberalized
 urban authoritarianism. The article discusses dilemmas for overcoming the
 growing tension between elitist neo-corporate growth regimes, which are in
 operation via &#x201C;Quangoes&#x201D; and closed elite networks, and
 community empowerment and welfare oriented policy in the age of
 globalization. Taking the stand of community empowerment and welfare
 policy, the article conclusively discusses ways to shape a new inclusive
 politics of difference including using &#x201C;positive
 selectivism&#x201D; as part of an empowerment strategy. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1349-1367 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701550827 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701550827 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2007:i:10:p:1349-1367




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marco Keiner 
Author-X-Name-First: Marco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Keiner 
Author-Name: Arley Kim 
Author-X-Name-First: Arley 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kim 
Title: Transnational City Networks for Sustainability 
Abstract:
   This paper surveys transnational city networks
 for sustainability to determine the substance of their work and the
 potentials for more efficient and successful implementation of sustainable
 development through networking. It also analyses the challenges and limits
 of sustainability-oriented networking, taking into account issues such as
 network organization, priorities, strategies, and communication methods as
 factors for success. A wide breadth of goals and means characterizes
 sustainability networks although most are organized and maintained in a
 very similar fashion. The large gap existing between regions active in
 networking and others and the fact smaller, more regionally-oriented
 cities play a dominant role in sustainability-related networks demonstrate
 the latent potential of such networking and the unique dynamics at work. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1369-1395 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701550843 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701550843 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2006:i:10:p:1369-1395




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roberto Ezcurra 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ezcurra 
Author-Name: Pedro Pascual 
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pascual 
Author-Name: Manuel Rap&#xFA;n 
Author-X-Name-First: Manuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rap&#xFA;n 
Title: The Dynamics of Regional Disparities in Central and Eastern Europe during Transition 
Abstract:
   This paper examines the evolution of territorial
 imbalances in per capita income in the Central and Eastern Europe regions
 between 1990 and 2001. In order to overcome the limitations of
 conventional convergence analysis, we have combined a non-parametric
 approach that allows us to study the dynamics of the entire cross-section
 distribution, with a series of theoretical results and measures taken from
 the literature on personal income distribution. The results obtained show
 an overall reduction in regional inequality over the study period. This
 process has been compatible with the simultaneous presence of
 between-country convergence and within-country divergence. Likewise, we
 have observed a reduction in the development gap between the sample
 regions and Western Europe. In any event, the polarization of the
 distribution under consideration has decreased, while the registered level
 of intra-distribution mobility is relatively low. Furthermore, the
 analysis highlights the important role played in explaining the
 distribution dynamics by factors such as the national component, spatial
 location, productive structure, agglomeration economies and the percentage
 of gross domestic product devoted to investment. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1397-1421 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2006 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701550850 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701550850 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hendrik   D. Ploeger 
Author-X-Name-First: Hendrik   D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ploeger 
Author-Name: Dani&#xEB;lle   A. Groetelaers 
Author-X-Name-First: Dani&#xEB;lle   A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Groetelaers 
Title: The Importance of the Fundamental Right to Property for the Practice of Planning: An Introduction to the Case Law of the European Court of Human Rights on Article 1, Protocol 1 
Abstract:
   Article 1 Protocol No. 1 of the European
 Convention on Human Rights guarantees the &#x201C;peaceful
 enjoyment&#x201D; of ones possessions. The use of land development tools
 and planning tools therefore will necessarily find a boundary in the
 protection of the fundamental right to property by Article 1. This
 contribution gives a general survey of the interpretation and application
 of Article 1, and discusses the general testing scheme adopted by the
 European Court. This contribution focuses on case law of the Court
 involving town and land planning instruments and aims to define general
 principles in this field. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1423-1438 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701550876 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701550876 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2007:i:10:p:1423-1438




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Pemberton 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pemberton 
Author-Name: Jennifer Mason 
Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mason 
Title: Uncovering the &#x201C;Invisible&#x201D; Minority: Irish Communities, Economic Inactivity and Welfare Policy in the United Kingdom 
Abstract:
   Economic inactivity and worklessness have been
 identified by the UK Government as two of the most important causes of
 social exclusion at a national level. Following advice presented by the
 Social Exclusion Unit's (Report of the Policy Action Team 18&#x2014;Better
 Information (London: The Stationary Office, 2000)) report, it was
 recognized that some groups in society&#x2014;including ethnic
 minorities&#x2014;who are vulnerable to economic inactivity, worklessness
 and social exclusion, are forgotten simply because not enough is known
 about their particular circumstances. Within this context this briefing
 analyses economic inactivity within Irish communities&#x2014;often
 referred to as the &#x201C;invisible ethnic minority&#x201D;. Through case
 study analysis (Greater Merseyside, UK), the key &#x201C;drivers&#x201D;
 of inactivity are explored in more detail, as well as the barriers that
 appear to prevent participation in the labour market, particularly in
 relation to (older) Irish individuals. The implications for current UK
 Government programmes aimed at reducing inactivity and benefit dependency,
 particularly for those aged 50 + and for Black and ethnic minority
 communities, is subsequently discussed. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1439-1459 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701550934 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701550934 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2007:i:10:p:1439-1459




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eliot   M. Tretter 
Author-X-Name-First: Eliot   M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tretter 
Title: Book Review 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1461-1463 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 15 
Year: 2007 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701550975 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701550975 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:15:y:2007:i:10:p:1461-1463




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bent Flyvbjerg 
Author-X-Name-First: Bent 
Author-X-Name-Last: Flyvbjerg 
Title: Curbing Optimism Bias and Strategic Misrepresentation in Planning: Reference Class Forecasting in Practice 
Abstract:
  <title>Absract</title> The American Planning Association recently
 endorsed a new forecasting method called reference class forecasting,
 which is based on theories of planning and decision-making that won the
 2002 Nobel prize in economics. This paper details the method and describes
 the first instance of reference class forecasting in planning practice.
 First, the paper documents that inaccurate projections of costs, demand,
 and other impacts of plans are a major problem in planning. Second, the
 paper explains inaccuracy in terms of optimism bias and strategic
 misrepresentation. Third, the theoretical basis is presented for reference
 class forecasting, which achieves accuracy in projections by basing them
 on actual performance in a reference class of comparable actions and
 thereby bypassing both optimism bias and strategic misrepresentation.
 Fourth, the paper presents the first case of practical reference class
 forecasting, which concerns cost projections for planning of large
 transportation infrastructure investments in the UK, including the
 Edinburgh Tram and London's &#xA3;15 billion Crossrail project. Finally,
 potentials for and barriers to reference class forecasting are assessed. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 3-21 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2006 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701747936 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701747936 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2006:i:1:p:3-21




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gertrud J&#xF8;rgensen 
Author-X-Name-First: Gertrud 
Author-X-Name-Last: J&#xF8;rgensen 
Author-Name: Thorkild &#xE6;r&#xF8; 
Author-X-Name-First: Thorkild 
Author-X-Name-Last: &#xE6;r&#xF8; 
Title: Urban Policy in the Nordic Countries&#x2014;National Foci and Strategies for Implementation1 
Abstract:
   In this paper we discuss the emergence and
 practise of an urban policy in the Nordic countries. We find that although
 the focus and organization vary among the five countries, there are common
 trends. Firstly, the emergence of an urban policy has challenged the
 Nordic welfare model because it emphasizes specific and geographically
 varied qualities, rather than general equity. Secondly, the emergence of
 an urban policy has challenged the traditional thinking about
 &#x201C;urban&#x201D; as a necessary evil, and replaced it with the notion
 of the &#x201C;urban&#x201D; as a positive driving force in society's
 well-being. Thirdly, the way urban policies are conceived and implemented
 has supplemented planning and regulations with programmes and initiatives
 involving local actors in governance based ways, but the state still has a
 strong role to play. The paper discusses these three statements based on a
 case study of the implementation of urban policies in the five Nordic
 countries. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 23-41 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2006 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701747944 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701747944 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2006:i:1:p:23-41




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ivo Mossig 
Author-X-Name-First: Ivo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mossig 
Title: Global Networks of the Motion Picture Industry in Los Angeles/Hollywood using the Example of their Connections to the German Market 
Abstract:
   The motion picture industry is one pillar of the
 so-called &#x201C;cultural industries&#x201D; which are highly
 concentrated in large urban agglomerations. Personal connections to the
 various informal networks found in these locations play an important role
 in facilitating information flows and reproduces these clusters'
 competitive advantage. However, the clusters and their markets do not
 exist in a vacuum: creative content, capital and creative talent are also
 traded and connected in global networks, bridging the physical gaps
 between these creative clusters. Against this background, this paper
 addresses the issue of how network relations beyond cluster boundaries and
 across large spatial, social and cultural distances are coordinated in a
 branch of the cultural industry such as motion picture production. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 43-59 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2006 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701747969 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701747969 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2006:i:1:p:43-59




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ricardo Al&#xE1;ez-Aller 
Author-X-Name-First: Ricardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Al&#xE1;ez-Aller 
Author-Name: Maite Barneto-Carmona 
Author-X-Name-First: Maite 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barneto-Carmona 
Title: Evaluating the Risk of Plant Closure in the Automotive Industry in Spain 
Abstract:
   This study looks at the reorganization of
 production in the context of a multi-plant firm in the automotive
 industry. Changes in such firms may result in the closure of some plants
 and/or the opening of others. The article provides a method for assessing
 the risk of plant closure, and then applies that method to a specific
 case: the automotive plants located in the Spanish region of Navarre. This
 entails acknowledging the factors that increase what has come to be known
 as the &#x201C;degree of vulnerability&#x201D; of the plant, including
 sunk costs and relative productivity levels. This paper can also be
 understood as a source of information for designing developmental
 after-care programmes for foreign direct investors in the periphery of the
 European Union. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 61-80 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2006 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701747977 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701747977 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2006:i:1:p:61-80




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gil Avnimelech 
Author-X-Name-First: Gil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Avnimelech 
Title: A Five-phase Entrepreneurial Oriented Innovation and Technology Policy Profile: The Israeli Experience 
Abstract:
   This paper presents a five-phase innovation and
 technology policy (ITP) profile based on the Israeli experience of the
 last four decades. This paper adds two additional phases to a previous
 paper. This ITP profile refers only to one specific start-up-oriented plan
 of action out of a multi-pronged strategy for innovation-based economic
 development. The goal of the ITP profile is promotion of a significant
 segment of start-ups within the high-tech cluster and to create a
 sub-segment of fast growing start-ups that eventually will became large
 companies with very high impact on the economic growth and development. A
 significant part of the ITP profile is triggering a venture capital (VC)
 industry, which has been recognized as a vehicle for latching into the
 information and communication technology (ICT) revolution. We suggest that
 the Israeli phase ITP profile presented here is a systematic and
 attractive approach to ITP design in general. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 81-98 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2006 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701747985 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701747985 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2006:i:1:p:81-98




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jinn-Yuh Hsu 
Author-X-Name-First: Jinn-Yuh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hsu 
Author-Name: Jessie   P. Poon 
Author-X-Name-First: Jessie   P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Poon 
Author-Name: Henry Wai-Chung Yeung 
Author-X-Name-First: Henry 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wai-Chung Yeung 
Title: External Leveraging and Technological Upgrading Among East Asian Firms in the US 
Abstract:
   This paper examines the innovation strategies
 driving Asian firms' investment in the US based on the resource-based
 model of knowledge. Specifically, it is shown that Asian firms'
 competitive advantage revolves around their ability to capture rents
 through a series of technological and marketing capabilities that
 collectively constitute the firms' knowledge resource base. The process of
 learning is documented by shedding light on the major sources of knowledge
 acquisition that enhance technological capabilities internally and
 externally. Specifically, this empirical research, based on a large-scale
 quantitative survey of Taiwanese, South Korean, and Singaporean firms in
 the US that was conducted between 2003 and 2004, shows that the firms in
 industrializing Asian economies (henceforth the IAFs) are directly
 investing in the US and setting up R&D operations there to acquire
 knowledge that enables them to become more innovative. A variety of
 technology sourcing strategies practiced among these IAFs was found,
 depending on their firm-specific variables (e.g. size and sector) and
 their prior technological capabilities. The types of technology and
 knowledge sources also go beyond conventional technological know-how to
 embrace the entire production chain from manufacturing technologies to
 expertise in marketing and distribution. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 99-118 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2006 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701747993 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701747993 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2006:i:1:p:99-118




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Margarita Bill&#xF3;n 
Author-X-Name-First: Margarita 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bill&#xF3;n 
Author-Name: Roberto Ezcurra 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ezcurra 
Author-Name: Fernando Lera-L&#xF3;pez 
Author-X-Name-First: Fernando 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lera-L&#xF3;pez 
Title: The Spatial Distribution of the Internet in the European Union: Does Geographical Proximity Matter? 
Abstract:
   This paper examines the spatial distribution of
 the Internet in the European regions. To achieve this aim, our analysis
 combines a set of non-parametric techniques proposed in the context of the
 economic growth literature, with various spatial econometric instruments.
 The results reveal that regional disparities in Internet adoption are
 greater than territorial inequalities in gross domestic product (GDP) per
 capita. In addition, our findings show that the distribution under
 consideration is characterized by the presence of positive spatial
 dependence, which implies that physically adjacent regions register a
 similar degree of Internet adoption. Finally, the analysis carried out
 allows us to assess the role played by variables such as GDP per capita,
 unemployment rate, stock of human capital and population density, in
 explaining the spatial distribution of the Internet in the European Union. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 119-142 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701748009 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701748009 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2008:i:1:p:119-142




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ozhan Ertekin 
Author-X-Name-First: Ozhan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ertekin 
Author-Name: Vedia Dokmeci 
Author-X-Name-First: Vedia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dokmeci 
Author-Name: Tuba Unlukara 
Author-X-Name-First: Tuba 
Author-X-Name-Last: Unlukara 
Author-Name: Evren Ozus 
Author-X-Name-First: Evren 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ozus 
Title: Spatial Distribution of Shopping Malls and Analysis of their Trade Areas in Istanbul 
Abstract:
   This paper investigates the spatial distribution
 of shopping malls with respect to population and analyses the factors
 which effect the shopping mall location. According to the results, while
 the shopping mall space ratio is higher than population ratio in the
 intermediate zone, the reverse is true in the periphery. The relationships
 between the shopping mall space and income, population and distance to the
 central business district (CBD) of the locations are investigated by the
 use of regression analysis. The results reveal that income is the only
 factor affecting the location of shopping malls among those considered. In
 addition, three shopping malls from the inner and peripheral zones of
 Istanbul were analysed with respect to frequency to shopping centres and
 characteristics of trade areas. According to the results, the size of the
 catchment area of the shopping mall from the inner zone is larger then the
 peripheral ones due to higher accessibility with alternative
 transportation systems and supporting functions in its surrounding areas.
 The results fall within the concept of central place theory. Further
 research is suggested by expending the study to the other areas of the
 city with different characteristics to calculate their retail potential
 and their spatial implications. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 143-156 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701748017 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701748017 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2008:i:1:p:143-156




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maarten Loopmans 
Author-X-Name-First: Maarten 
Author-X-Name-Last: Loopmans 
Title: Book Review 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 157-161 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701748025 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701748025 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2008:i:1:p:157-161




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tai-Shan Hu 
Author-X-Name-First: Tai-Shan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hu 
Title: Interaction among High-tech Talent and its Impact on Innovation Performance: A Comparison of Taiwanese Science Parks at Different Stages of Development 
Abstract:
   Numerous studies have studied how knowledge
 spillovers and various other factors influence industrial clusters in
 terms of geographical proximity. Related studies have generally confirmed
 significant positive correlations between firm innovative activities and
 factors such as spatial proximity and degree of industrial clustering.
 This study elucidates on an individual level, based on the relationship
 between proximity dimension and innovative activity, the interactive
 relationships between the mobility and interaction of high-tech talent and
 innovation performance. Survey results indicate that the spatial proximity
 of firms clustering within the Hsinchu and Tainan Science-based Industrial
 Park increases the interaction among high-tech personnel and the expansion
 of their professional networks, thus promoting innovation. Gradually
 organizational and social proximity evolve from physical proximity within
 high-tech districts via the evolution of industrial networks and
 interactions among high-tech talent. Additionally survey results
 demonstrate the value of mobility and informal relationships involving
 high-tech talent, as well as the effect of these relationships on
 innovation performance during the various stages of science park
 development. However, how to avoid lock-in in the future development of
 high-tech districts remains a critical issue. The results of this
 investigation provide a useful reference for planning and managing
 industrial districts. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 163-187 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2006 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701814462 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701814462 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2006:i:2:p:163-187




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Amnon Frenkel 
Author-X-Name-First: Amnon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Frenkel 
Author-Name: Daniel Shefer 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shefer 
Author-Name: Michal Miller 
Author-X-Name-First: Michal 
Author-X-Name-Last: Miller 
Title: Public versus Private Technological Incubator Programmes: Privatizing the Technological Incubators in Israel 
Abstract:
   Private technological incubators began operating
 in Israel in 2000, and developed thanks to the rapidly growing private
 (venture) capital (VC) sector, which traditionally had not funded such
 projects. The present study examines the differences and similarities
 between two types of technological incubators&#x2014;public and private.
 It addresses the question whether the need still exists for the Public
 Technological Incubators Programme (PTIP). Based on our empirical analysis
 and findings, the main conclusion is that private incubators cannot fully
 replace public incubators; even after the entry of the private sector into
 the area of technological incubator activity, there is still justification
 for the continuation of the PTIP. Private incubators tend to concentrate
 in selected fields, whereas public incubators sponsor a large variety of
 activities. The PTIP was found to provide answers to advancing national
 objectives, such promoting peripheral regions and providing special
 incentives to selected population groups (e.g. new immigrants) for whom
 such activities would otherwise be out of reach. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 189-210 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2006 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701814504 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701814504 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2006:i:2:p:189-210




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Johan Jansson 
Author-X-Name-First: Johan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jansson 
Title: Inside the Internet Industry: The Importance of Proximity in Accessing Knowledge in the Agglomeration of Internet Firms in Stockholm 
Abstract:
   This paper deals with the question of
 agglomeration of economic of activities and the internet industry in
 Stockholm, Sweden. The paper discusses the importance of proximity,
 especially in the knowledge transmission, and uses a theoretical framework
 of localized and tacit knowledge. The empirical findings suggests that
 firms within the internet industry are located in close proximity to each
 other because of the importance of dense informal interpersonal networks,
 that facilitate the search for new customers and collaborators. The
 findings also stress the importance of proximity in creating these dense
 networks and being in the right place at the right time. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 211-228 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2006 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701814512 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701814512 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2006:i:2:p:211-228




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alberto Vanolo 
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vanolo 
Title: Internationalization in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area: Images, Discourses and Metaphors 
Abstract:
   This paper investigates promotional images in the
 Metropolitan Area of Helsinki, focusing on the projection, outside
 national boundaries, of specific &#x201C;ideas&#x201D; concerning the
 cities of Helsinki, Espoo and Vantaa. After introducing the Helsinki
 Metropolitan Area, presenting its geographical features, urban dynamics,
 actual problems and actors involved in image-building, the focus of this
 research will be a comparison between the images proposed in promotional
 materials and policy documents by the various territorial units, looking
 at their differences, overlaps, synergies and clashes. In fact, as will be
 discussed, even if the images proposed by the cities consist of the same
 thematic fields (technology, nature, culture, etc.), they contain slightly
 different implicit messages, targets, representations of the cities,
 values, strategic orientations and approaches. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 229-252 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2006 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701814538 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701814538 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2006:i:2:p:229-252




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sibel Ecemis Kilic 
Author-X-Name-First: Sibel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ecemis Kilic 
Title: Preservation Plan Applications for the Historical City Centre, Kemeralti (Izmir, Turkey) 
Abstract:
   The necessity of preserving traditional
 environments, as a part of cultural heritage, is recognized and accepted
 in Turkey. Nevertheless, due to the abundance of archaeological sites and
 areas that are deemed historical, several problems exist regarding the
 preservation of these areas. The improvements made world-wide,
 specifically in Europe, regarding urban preservation have also had an
 impact on Turkey. Yet, as the &#x201C;awareness of preservation&#x201D;
 notion indirectly showed its impact affecting only a small group, the
 integration process was inherently impeded. Consequently, both regulations
 and successful plan studies on preservation were delayed. Conversely, the
 issue of preservation has always been considered a secondary priority for
 Turkey. Whenever a conflict of interest occurs between development and
 preservation, development is usually preferred. Due to the fact that
 preservation does not rank high among our priorities suggests that social
 awareness regarding preservation is not at a desired level. In this
 article, the applications of the preservation plan studies of the
 historical city centre of Izmir (the third largest city in Turkey) will be
 evaluated. Kemeralti, due to its history, size, archaeological, historical
 and natural values, and being in Izmir, which is an exceptional city in
 terms of the emphasis on preservation compared to other cities, is
 considered to be privileged and, therefore, presents a significant example
 for study. Besides maintaining the identity of the city as well as
 national identity, preserving areas which may be considered a part of
 world heritage depends, above all, on raising social awareness.
 Furthermore, in addition to the concerns regarding the preservation of
 historical environments in urban areas in Turkey, this article also
 discusses the promising developments produced by the gradual increase of
 positive efforts made concerning this matter. These efforts along with the
 initiatives and experience that played a successful role in overcoming
 these concerns may also set an example for other similar fields. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 253-276 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2006 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701814595 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701814595 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2006:i:2:p:253-276




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elena L&#xF3;pez 
Author-X-Name-First: Elena 
Author-X-Name-Last: L&#xF3;pez 
Author-Name: Javier Gutiérrez 
Author-X-Name-First: Javier 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gutiérrez 
Author-Name: Gabriel G&#xF3;mez 
Author-X-Name-First: Gabriel 
Author-X-Name-Last: G&#xF3;mez 
Title: Measuring Regional Cohesion Effects of Large-scale Transport Infrastructure Investments: An Accessibility Approach 
Abstract:
   Transport infrastructure is considered one of the
 main policy instruments to achieve the cohesion goal, although the
 inclusion of cohesion effects in assessment methodologies is scarce and
 uneven. Although most cohesion studies are constrained to the analysis of
 regional disparities in economic indicators, this approach can be
 broadened to include other regional performance indicators. One of these
 indicators could be accessibility measures, from the point of view that
 accessibility, representing a competitive advantage of locations,
 constitutes a &#x201C;desirable good&#x201D; closely related to the
 welfare of each region. This paper suggests using changes in the spatial
 distribution of accessibility as a proxy to assess regional cohesion
 effects of transport infrastructure investments. However, as the
 conclusions taken depend heavily on the formulation of the accessibility
 measure, we recommend computing a set of accessibility indicators and
 analysing their results in a complementary way. The proposed methodology
 is tested by assessing regional cohesion effects of the large-scale road
 and rail transport infrastructure investments carried out in Spain in the
 period 1992--2004. The results obtained show that cohesion has improved
 for the road mode, while regional disparities have increased for the rail
 mode. This paper identifies the main factors driving this final cohesion
 effect and explores the strengths and weaknesses of the different
 accessibility indicators that were considered. The approach suggested in
 this paper has the potential to be applied in transport planning
 processes, and may eventually complement existing strategic assessment
 methodologies. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 277-301 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701814629 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701814629 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2008:i:2:p:277-301




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pinar Falcio&#x11F;lu 
Author-X-Name-First: Pinar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Falcio&#x11F;lu 
Author-Name: Sedef Akg&#xFC;ng&#xF6;r 
Author-X-Name-First: Sedef 
Author-X-Name-Last: Akg&#xFC;ng&#xF6;r 
Title: Regional Specialization and Industrial Concentration Patterns in the Turkish Manufacturing Industry: An Assessment for the 1980--2000 Period1 
Abstract:
   Previous studies on geographical distribution of
 economic activity in Turkey demonstrate that firms are localized in major
 metropolitan areas as well as a set of emerging regions. The aim of the
 paper is to complement the findings of the studies on regional and
 industrial concentration in Turkey's manufacturing industry by exploring
 whether regional specialization and industrial concentration patterns
 changed during the 1980--2000 period. The paper further aims to explore
 the driving forces of industrial concentration in Turkey's manufacturing
 industry, particularly during Turkey's economic integration process that
 started with trade liberalization after 1980 and further developed with
 the Customs Union in 1996. Regional specialization and industrial
 concentration are measured by GINI indices Turkey's NUTS-2 regions at the
 four-digit level for the years between 1980 and 2000. To investigate which
 variables determine industry concentration, systematic relation between
 the characteristics of the industry and industrial concentration is
 tested. Following the method proposed by Paluzie, Pons and Tirado, a panel
 regression equation is estimated, where the dependent variable is the Gini
 concentration index and the independent variables are the variables that
 represent the characteristics of the sectors that follow the predictions
 of classical trade theory, new trade theory and new economic geography.
 The major finding of the study is that during 1980--2000, Turkey's regions
 became more specialized and industry became more concentrated. Increases
 in the average values of regional specialization and industrial
 concentration support the prediction developed by Krugman hypothesis that
 regions become more specialized and industries become more concentrated
 with economic integration. In exploring the driving forces of industrial
 concentration, the findings demonstrate that firms tend to cluster in
 regions where there are economies of scale. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 303-323 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701814678 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701814678 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2008:i:2:p:303-323




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Ache 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ache 
Title: Book Review 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 325-328 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310701814694 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310701814694 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2008:i:2:p:325-328




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alessandro Rosiello 
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rosiello 
Title: Rethinking Innovation Systems in Life Sciences: Implications for Regional and Innovation Policy 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 329-335 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310801920466 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310801920466 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2008:i:3:p:329-335




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alessandro Rosiello 
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rosiello 
Author-Name: Luigi Orsenigo 
Author-X-Name-First: Luigi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Orsenigo 
Title: A Critical Assessment of Regional Innovation Policy in Pharmaceutical Biotechnology 
Abstract:
   This paper adopts a system-evolutionary
 perspective to describe the dynamics of the life science sector and
 reflect on regional innovation policy. It begins with a brief outline of
 the evolution of life sciences and of the biotechnology industry. A
 crucial feature of such evolution is the strong tendency towards
 geographical concentration of research and related economic activities.
 The formation and growth of bio-clusters have sometimes appeared to be
 spontaneous, in that governments have not been in the driving seat.
 However, many regional and national governments have now developed policy
 frameworks to support the development of bio-clusters. Regional and
 evolutionary economics contribute to explain cluster emergence and growth,
 but little is known about pre-emergence conditions. As a result, although
 policy measures aimed at supporting emergence and growth are grounded on
 direct evidence and observable transformations, starting clusters from
 scratch often involves replicating the pathways followed by successful
 regions. We examine the rational behind regional innovation policy in life
 sciences and the reasons why some policies have either succeeded or
 failed. Special emphasis is placed on Scotland, where the local
 development agency has pioneered the implementation of cluster thinking to
 support the development of the life sciences sector. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 337-357 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310801920599 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310801920599 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2008:i:3:p:337-357




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martha Prevezer 
Author-X-Name-First: Martha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Prevezer 
Title: Technology Policies in Generating Biotechnology Clusters: A Comparison of China and the US 
Abstract:
   This paper draws a comparison between Chinese and
 US technology policies aimed at generating clustering in biotechnology. It
 compares characteristics of biotechnology companies and patents that have
 been created on the east coast of China since the mid-1990s with early US
 biotechnology clusters. It highlights Chinese policies aimed at returning
 scientists and directive locational policies. Policy deficiencies include:
 difficulty in shifting away from government-led responsiveness to funding
 programmes; failure to set in place governance structures that promote
 interaction between the domestic science base and domestic firms; and
 shortcomings in policies towards returnees and the financing of small and
 medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 359-374 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310801920615 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310801920615 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2008:i:3:p:359-374




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Cooke 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke 
Title: Cleantech and an Analysis of the Platform Nature of Life Sciences: Further Reflections upon Platform Policies 
Abstract:
   Most articles about life sciences begin from
 healthcare. This article reaches healthcare by an unusual route. It begins
 by trying to map out the complex content of the &#x201C;Cleantech&#x201D;
 platform. It then cross-connects important parts of that to the Agro-food
 industry, only finally relating important aspects of that to Healthcare
 biosciences. By Cleantech is meant the complex of industry activities
 dealing with energy-related agriculture, air and environment, materials,
 manufacturing, energy generation, efficiency, storage and infrastructure,
 recycling and waste treatment, transportation, water and wastewater that
 utilize renewable resources enhanced, as appropriate by life science
 technologies. The agro-food industry is large and less complex than
 Cleantech, but is currently still in thrall to its inheritance from
 agro-chemicals, food technology and nutrition science that dates from the
 post-war rise of industrial farming under corporate tutelage. Healthcare
 is also large, similarly traceable to fossil-based fine chemistry (drugs)
 and plastics (medical devices), dominated by large corporate businesses
 and, like agro-food assailed by a variety of attacks from alternative
 production paradigms. Cleantech, in part, seeks markets to rid the world
 of the pollutants of agro-food and healthcare as exemplars of the
 hegemonic US-led mass production/mass consumption paradigm. Tackling
 complexity on this scale requires new policy reflection, something with
 which the paper engages. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 375-393 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310801939672 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310801939672 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2008:i:3:p:375-393




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maryann Feldman 
Author-X-Name-First: Maryann 
Author-X-Name-Last: Feldman 
Author-Name: Nichola Lowe 
Author-X-Name-First: Nichola 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lowe 
Title: Consensus from Controversy: Cambridge's Biosafety Ordinance and the Anchoring of the Biotech Industry 
Abstract:
   This paper provides an interpretative history of
 the early genesis of biotechnology in Cambridge and attempts to reconcile
 how the 1976 adoption of the most restrictive biosafety ordinance in the
 US created an unexpected business friendly environment that subsequently
 anchored the industry. The regulation was motivated by community concerns
 about the environmental effects of recombinant DNA and ignited a lively
 debate, characterized by an open process with activities to inform and
 involve citizens in decision-making. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 395-410 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310801920532 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310801920532 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2008:i:3:p:395-410




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michel Quéré 
Author-X-Name-First: Michel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Quéré 
Title: Innovation Networks in the Life Sciences Industry: A Discussion of the French Genopoles Policy 
Abstract:
   The life sciences industry is often considered an
 emblematic science-based sector that should have a central role in
 ensuring the economic competitiveness of nations. It is thus the focus of
 specific and original policy efforts. In this paper, critical
 characteristics of that industry are depicted over time, with a particular
 emphasis on the transformation of its organization based on a rapid
 incorporation of scientific advances into business opportunities.
 Innovation networks are presented as a dominant organizational form suited
 to such a purpose because of their ability to facilitate knowledge
 exploration. The central aim of this contribution is then to discuss the
 capacity of the French genopoles policy to support effectively that
 transformation of the life sciences industry. We conclude that this policy
 effort has essentially favoured the coordination of knowledge exploration
 within public scientists over the generation of economic opportunities. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 411-427 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310801939953 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310801939953 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2008:i:3:p:411-427




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dan Kaufmann 
Author-X-Name-First: Dan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaufmann 
Author-Name: Dafna Schwartz 
Author-X-Name-First: Dafna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schwartz 
Title: Networking: The &#x201C;Missing Link&#x201D; in Public R&D Support Schemes 
Abstract:
   This article reviews the support tools available
 for young biotechnology firms in Israel and points out the need to expand
 these tools to the area of networks. Such a service would be of specific
 importance to biotechnology entrepreneurs who have a relatively low
 starting point in terms of relevant social capital, limited business, and
 managerial experience. If public support schemes are to support innovation
 they must broaden their range of services and not focus solely on R&D. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 429-440 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310801920565 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310801920565 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2008:i:3:p:429-440




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Finn Valentin 
Author-X-Name-First: Finn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Valentin 
Author-Name: Rasmus   Lund Jensen 
Author-X-Name-First: Rasmus   Lund 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jensen 
Author-Name: Henrich Dahlgren 
Author-X-Name-First: Henrich 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dahlgren 
Title: How Venture Capital Shapes Emerging Bio-clusters&#x2014;A Cross-country Comparison 
Abstract:
   Mapping the emergence of clusters of biotech
 firms specializing in drug discovery in Denmark and Sweden from 1997 to
 2004 we find that Denmark faster and to a higher extent concentrated
 activities in the mid-sized categories of firms and also earlier and more
 steeply increased key outputs such as patents and projects. Regression
 models on firm-level data expose differential supply of venture capital
 (VC) as a key factor behind this divergence between countries. Further
 regression analysis examines if VC causes output discrepancies between the
 two countries not only through differential capital supply but also by the
 strategies they induce into drug discovery firms (DDFs) through the
 valuations by which they react to firm performance over the previous
 financing round. We find significant country differences, Danish investors
 to a stronger extent inducing output-oriented strategies. The context
 within which VC emerged in the two countries is discussed as possible
 causes of the differences between Denmark and Sweden for the role of VC in
 shaping their emergent bio-clusters. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 441-463 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310801920631 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310801920631 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2008:i:3:p:441-463




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ulrich Glassmann 
Author-X-Name-First: Ulrich 
Author-X-Name-Last: Glassmann 
Title: Beyond the German Model of Capitalism: Unorthodox Local Business Development in the Cologne Media Industry 
Abstract:
   On the basis of a media firm-survey and the
 measurement of in-town enterprise concentration, this paper explains the
 extraordinary sub-sectoral specialization and the spatial concentration
 towards radio and television in a German city: Cologne. A peculiar mix of
 institutional support, typical of German capitalism and unorthodox
 deviance from such arrangements is discovered in all matters of collective
 goods provision, including vocational training, enterprise financing, etc.
 Using a case study-approach, this article shows how the German model of
 capitalism can be rearranged for new markets on the local level,
 successfully overcoming institutional constraints by informal cooperation
 and institutional entrepreneurship. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 465-486 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2006 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310801983258 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310801983258 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2006:i:4:p:465-486




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: &#xC5;sa-Karin Engstrand 
Author-X-Name-First: &#xC5;sa-Karin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Engstrand 
Author-Name: Ann-Mari S&#xE4;tre &#xE5;hlander 
Author-X-Name-First: Ann-Mari 
Author-X-Name-Last: S&#xE4;tre &#xE5;hlander 
Title: Collaboration for Local Economic Development: Business Networks, Politics and Universities in Two Swedish Cities 
Abstract:
   In this article we want to show how conceptions
 about collaboration for local eocnomic development in Sweden are
 constructed on national and local levels. We also show how these
 conceptions have been realized in two different company networks; in the
 city of &#xD6;stersund <italic>(&#x201C;Odenskog
 f&#xF6;retagsstaden&#x201D;)</italic> and in the city of Karlskrona
 (&#x201C;Telecom City&#x201D;). In politics and research, local
 collaboration or cluster formation are viewed as important tools and
 levers for local economic development. However, we argue that the local
 labour markets and unemployment rates in our case studies do not differ
 significantly, despite very different strategies for collaboration.
 Therefore, we suspect that the political focus on collaboration is a way
 of legitimizing the change in regional policy rather than a delegation of
 real power to the local level. If this continues, we fear that the current
 regional policy is reduced to a discourse of popular concepts rather than
 a real instrument for local economic development. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 487-505 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2006 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310801983274 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310801983274 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2006:i:4:p:487-505




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: José   Luis Herv&#xE1;s Oliver 
Author-X-Name-First: José   Luis Herv&#xE1;s 
Author-X-Name-Last: Oliver 
Author-Name: José   Albors Garrig&#xF3;s 
Author-X-Name-First: José   Albors 
Author-X-Name-Last: Garrig&#xF3;s 
Author-Name: Juan   Ignacio Dalmau Porta 
Author-X-Name-First: Juan   Ignacio Dalmau 
Author-X-Name-Last: Porta 
Title: External Ties and the Reduction of Knowledge Asymmetries among Clusters within Global Value Chains: The Case of the Ceramic Tile District of Castellon 
Abstract:
   Classical industrial districts' literature is not
 focused on the role played by external ties but gives more importance to
 the local districts' endogenous development. Global value chains connect
 clusters to other external agents through external linkages and constitute
 a framework to analyse the complex inter-linkages between clusters and
 other external agents. In the field of the external ties and the global
 value chain approach Academia is primarily focused on the ties which link
 clusters in developing nations to global markets, although global value
 chains also consider connections between clusters in similar activities
 and even when both are located in developed nations. Thus, external
 linkages are mainly performed by multinational enterprise (MNE) affiliates
 which play fundamental role of knowledge diffusers and absorbers in the
 process of knowledge exchange throughout global value chains. The work
 examines the process of knowledge exchange between clusters through
 external ties using the global value chain approach. For this purpose,
 empirical work is conducted with 22 face-to-face interviews to provide a
 case study about a leading cluster in the global ceramic tile industry.
 Results show that the basic knowledge to successfully compete is locally
 originated, although it can be complemented with global knowledge learnt
 or generated in other territories. MNE affiliates bridge structural holes
 through external ties and reduce knowledge asymmetries within global value
 chains. External ties on network-based governance chains exist, matter and
 affect clusters allowing upgrading even between developed nations. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 507-520 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2006 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310801983308 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310801983308 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2006:i:4:p:507-520




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philippe Subra 
Author-X-Name-First: Philippe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Subra 
Author-Name: Peter Newman 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Newman 
Title: Governing Paris&#x2014;Planning and Political Conflict in &#xCE;le-de-France 
Abstract:
   In this paper we examine some of the major
 planning challenges facing the Paris region and we locate these in the
 context of problems of institutional coordination and cooperation. Finding
 the right institutions for metropolitan governance is a challenge for most
 of Europe's large cities. Our approach to the Paris region emphasizes the
 need to understand the evolution of institutions of governance and the
 struggles between political actors around these institutional legacies.
 Political competition motivates key actors in the multi-level governance
 of the region. We examine the struggle to develop new social housing and
 conflicts around transport policy in Paris. Political conflict and
 different perspectives on regional planning stand in the way of solutions
 to current problems. In the final part of the paper we discuss how
 potential political and institutional solutions might develop. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 521-535 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2006 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310801983449 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310801983449 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2006:i:4:p:521-535




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Olivier Sykes 
Author-X-Name-First: Olivier 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sykes 
Title: The Importance of Context and Comparison in the Study of European Spatial Planning 
Abstract:
   The European Spatial Development Perspective
 (ESDP) was agreed in 1999 at Potsdam, Germany, as a non-binding framework
 intended to guide spatially significant policy-making at different spatial
 scales in order to achieve a more balanced and sustainable growth of the
 EU territory. This paper develops a conceptualization of the nature of
 transnational planning frameworks such as the ESDP and presents a
 framework for the investigation of the application of their policy
 orientations in the spatial planning systems of European states. It is
 argued that investigations of the application of transnational spatial
 development frameworks like the ESDP and the &#x2018;Territorial Agenda of
 the European Union&#x2019; document adopted by EU member states in 2007,
 need to be sensitized to the diversity of territorial contexts in which
 these apply, and that a contextualized and comparative approach is
 therefore essential in evaluating their influence in Europe's varied
 territories. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 537-555 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2006 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310801983464 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310801983464 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2006:i:4:p:537-555




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: X. Vence-Deza 
Author-X-Name-First: X. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vence-Deza 
Author-Name: M. Gonz&#xE1;lez-L&#xF3;pez 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gonz&#xE1;lez-L&#xF3;pez 
Title: Regional Concentration of the Knowledge-based Economy in the EU: Towards a Renewed Oligocentric Model? 
Abstract:
   This paper aims to contribute to a better
 understanding of the Knowledge-based Economy spatial distribution across
 the European Union (EU) regions (NUTS II), linking recent research
 approaches on innovation and structural change with approaches to regional
 economics. As a means of conducting this research, we classify economic
 activities according to six sectors based on their knowledge/technology
 intensity. Our results show that the higher the knowledge/technology
 content of the economic activity, the higher the concentration level of
 the activity. We find that some service activities (those considered
 knowledge intensive) have similar concentration levels to those operating
 in high or medium tech manufacturing. With regard to specialization, the
 most outstanding result is the strong presence of high and medium
 knowledge intensive service activities in metropolitan/capital regions. In
 general, our results reinforce the notion that an oligocentric model
 persists in Europe, with the southern German regions leading high and
 medium tech manufacturing, the south-east of England leading in high
 knowledge-intensive services, and with the mid-core model exemplified by
 the European metropolitan archipelago (particularly capital cities) in
 both northern and southern Europe. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 557-578 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310801983472 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310801983472 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2008:i:4:p:557-578




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pawe&#x142; Churski 
Author-X-Name-First: Pawe&#x142; 
Author-X-Name-Last: Churski 
Title: Structural Funds of the European Union in Poland&#x2014;Experience of the First Period of Membership 
Abstract:
   The aim of this article is to present the results
 of the first period of taking advantage of Structural Funds in Poland. The
 analysis refers to realisation of the planned activities in the strategic
 document which is the National Development Plan 2004--2006, being a base
 of the new model of the Polish regional policy. The obtained results show
 the level of success of Structural Funds including the structure being a
 result of Operational Programmes which are a part of the National
 Development Plan, and the structure of beneficiaries, among which the
 listed ones are: units of local governments, businessmen, non-governmental
 organizations and educational institutions. In each case the analysis
 includes regional differences of the absorption process which allows us to
 define the influence of Structural Funds on changes of regional economic
 development in Poland. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 579-607 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310801983506 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310801983506 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2008:i:4:p:579-607




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Vang 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vang 
Author-Name: Cristina Chaminade 
Author-X-Name-First: Cristina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chaminade 
Title: Book Review 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 609-611 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310801994636 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310801994636 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2008:i:4:p:609-611




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christophe Carrincazeaux 
Author-X-Name-First: Christophe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carrincazeaux 
Author-Name: Michel Grossetti 
Author-X-Name-First: Michel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grossetti 
Author-Name: Damien Talbot 
Author-X-Name-First: Damien 
Author-X-Name-Last: Talbot 
Title: Clusters, Proximities and Networks 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 613-616 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802049091 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802049091 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2008:i:5:p:613-616




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christophe Carrincazeaux 
Author-X-Name-First: Christophe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carrincazeaux 
Author-Name: Yannick Lung 
Author-X-Name-First: Yannick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lung 
Author-Name: Jér&#xF4;me Vicente 
Author-X-Name-First: Jér&#xF4;me 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vicente 
Title: The Scientific Trajectory of the French School of Proximity: Interaction- and Institution-based Approaches to Regional Innovation Systems 
Abstract:
   The multi-faceted concept of proximity is often
 used nowadays in many theoretical and empirical analyses. It mainly
 originates in some French regional scientists' attempt, in the early
 1990s, to develop new conceptual and methodological avenues with a view to
 the study of the industrial and spatial dynamics. The wide diffusion of
 the resulting research findings is explained by the fact that these
 scholars realized early on that it was in their interest to collectively
 structure their works through the setting-up of a research group. The
 present paper sets out to outline the scientific and institutional
 trajectories of the French group &#x201C;Proximity Dynamics&#x201D;, while
 underlining the progressive broadening of its scientific and institutional
 dimensions, as well as the main theoretical research fields these
 trajectories have permitted to investigate. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 617-628 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2007 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802049117 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802049117 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2007:i:5:p:617-628




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michel Grossetti 
Author-X-Name-First: Michel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grossetti 
Title: Proximities and Embedding Effects 
Abstract:
   Clusters are supposed to enhance exchanges among
 firms or between firms and research institutions. This is termed
 &#x201C;proximities effects&#x201D; in this paper. There are many theories
 explaining proximities effects, but most of them lack a clear distinction
 between levels of action (individuals, social networks, firms, markets,
 etc.). This paper is focused on this issue, claiming that it is crucial to
 understand the shifts between levels of action. Embeddedness of economic
 activity in social networks is not viewed as a static situation, but
 rather as a process, with a reciprocal, decoupling. Two empirical studies
 on innovation in the south-west of France support this argument. One bears
 on the relations between academic laboratories and firms, the other on the
 creation of innovative companies. They show that proximity and
 embeddedness in local social networks are just a specific context for
 emergence of collaborations and access to resources in the emergence
 phases of new companies creation, but not necessarily a specific mode of
 regulation of professional or technologic relations. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 629-642 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2007 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802049133 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802049133 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2007:i:5:p:629-642




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcela Ramírez-Pasillas 
Author-X-Name-First: Marcela 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ramírez-Pasillas 
Title: Resituating Proximity and Knowledge Cross-fertilization in Clusters by Means of International Trade Fairs 
Abstract:
   This paper elaborates a proximity framework and
 provides empirical evidence of how knowledge cross-fertilization is
 instigated at international trade fairs (ITFs) and continued in a cluster
 network. This paper applies a case study method relying on social network
 analysis to explore the knowledge cross-fertilization initiated at ITFs
 and furthered at a Swedish cluster. The findings suggest that firms
 participating at ITFs translate and re-articulate the acquired external
 knowledge through their interactions in the cluster network. Creating
 awareness of the ITFs' influence on innovation is significant for
 policy-makers and scholars. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 643-663 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2007 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802049158 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802049158 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2007:i:5:p:643-663




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fiorenza Belussi 
Author-X-Name-First: Fiorenza 
Author-X-Name-Last: Belussi 
Author-Name: Alessia Sammarra 
Author-X-Name-First: Alessia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sammarra 
Author-Name: Silvia Rita Sedita 
Author-X-Name-First: Silvia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rita Sedita 
Title: Managing Long Distance and Localized Learning in the Emilia Romagna Life Science Cluster 
Abstract:
   The paper provides some empirical evidence of the
 effectiveness of the &#x201C;open innovation&#x201D; model in the life
 science cluster of Emilia Romagna (a region of Italy), comparing the
 network of R&D collaborative activities in public research organizations
 (PROs) and the network linked to R&D collaborative activities in private
 firms. By presenting the main results of a field research in the life
 science sector in Emilia Romagna, we are contributing to the recent debate
 focused on the crises of the old &#x201C;closed innovation&#x201D; model
 and the rise of the &#x201C;open innovation&#x201D; model. Our survey
 consists of both primary data deriving from face-to-face interviews with
 researchers and entrepreneurs, and secondary data extracted from the
 Internet, the PubMed database, and from the European Patent Office. Our
 work is based on the analysis of a representative sample of 30 research
 groups in PROs, 2173 scientific articles published by the interviewed
 scientists, and a representative sample of 78 private firms. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 665-692 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2007 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802049273 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802049273 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2007:i:5:p:665-692




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Wickham 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wickham 
Author-Name: Alessandra Vecchi 
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandra 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vecchi 
Title: Local Firms and Global Reach: Business Air Travel and the Irish Software Cluster 
Abstract:
   We study the external linkages of clusters
 through a typology of forms of temporary proximity (from foreign business
 meetings to co-located projects). We suggest that here business air travel
 and information and communication technologies have given significant
 advantages to small firms. We investigate these arguments through a case
 study of the Irish software industry in Dublin. Comparing indigenous and
 multinational corporation (MNC) firms confirms that indigenous firms are
 as travel intensive as MNCs but are linked to fewer destinations. We
 conclude that air travel enables small firms to go global without the
 support of collective cluster institutions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 693-710 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2007 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802049315 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802049315 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2007:i:5:p:693-710




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jean-Marc Zuliani 
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Marc 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zuliani 
Title: The Toulouse Cluster of On-board Systems: A Process of Collective Innovation and Learning 
Abstract:
   Analysis by product or by type of activity is
 becoming less and less pertinent when characterizing the production
 organization of industrial clusters and local productive systems. In
 numerous regions and metropolitan areas, the way that economic activities
 are based geographically reveals relationships which go across different
 sectors of activity, on the basis of the similarity of skills required. At
 Toulouse, on-board systems, mainly sets of equipment composed of
 electronic and computer components integrated into an aircraft, a
 satellite or an automobile, were first developed on a sectorial basis
 before becoming progressively the subject of transverse skills and
 knowledge between the different industrial sectors (aeronautics, space,
 automobile electronics). Today this system is tending to consolidate on
 the basis of positive externalities such as the sharing of common
 subcontracting of information technology services, the collaboration of
 industrial firms with engineering science institutions, the circulation of
 personnel within the local labour market. To this must be added a strong
 institutional input which is manifested by the addition of an
 &#x201C;on-board systems&#x201D; section to the Competitive Cluster
 &#x201C;Aeronautics and Space&#x201D; common to the Midi-Pyrenees and
 Aquitaine regions. In the case of Toulouse, the &#x201C;on-board
 systems&#x201D; activities form the basis of a local organization of these
 high-technology activities into a local skills system. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 711-726 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2007 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802049331 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802049331 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2007:i:5:p:711-726




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maciej Sm&#x119;tkowski 
Author-X-Name-First: Maciej 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sm&#x119;tkowski 
Author-Name: Grzegorz Gorzelak 
Author-X-Name-First: Grzegorz 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gorzelak 
Title: Metropolis and its Region&#x2014;New Relations in the Information Economy1 
Abstract:
  The new development paradigm has led to a new specialization of specific
 territorial entities and thus has influenced the mutual relations between
 them. In particular, these changes have influenced the relations between
 the metropolis and its hinterland. The contemporary metropolis
 concentrates innovative activities that have led to the development of
 flows within the network of the world's large cities. As a result, its
 ties with the regional surroundings that offer mainly
 &#x201C;simple&#x201D; resources have became relatively weaker. This
 article outlines these new processes on the basis of an empirical study of
 three Polish metropolises: Warsaw, Pozna&#x144; and the so-called Tricity
 (Gda&#x144;sk-Gdynia-Sopot). 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 727-743 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2006 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802081086 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802081086 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2006:i:6:p:727-743




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jae   Hoon Hyun 
Author-X-Name-First: Jae   Hoon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hyun 
Title: How Different are Emerging Multinationals' Views of Economic Integration in Europe? A Case Study of Korean Automobile Manufacturers' Strategic Reactions 
Abstract:
  This study is a survey of Korean automobile manufacturers in Europe,
 which examines the different perceptions of emerging multinationals to
 economic integration and the subsequent strategic reactions relating to
 their particular characteristics. The findings show dissimilar patterns
 and motivations for Korean automotive foreign direct investment (FDI) when
 compared to those of established multinationals, which are conceptualized
 as a pre-emptive strategic advance, particularly in relation to the
 changing ownership endowments and negative perceptions of the single
 European market. These finding imply that conventional variables are
 unlikely to be applicable to emerging multinationals and show the need to
 segregate them from other multinationals when formulating industrial
 policies and firm-level competing strategies. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 745-760 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2006 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802079346 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802079346 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2006:i:6:p:745-760




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Isabel Breda-V&#xE1;zquez 
Author-X-Name-First: Isabel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Breda-V&#xE1;zquez 
Author-Name: Carlos Oliveira 
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos 
Author-X-Name-Last: Oliveira 
Title: Coalition-building in Portuguese Spatial Planning: Is There a Southern European Context? 
Abstract:
  This paper aims to discuss institutional capacity building in spatial
 planning focussing on two experiences of public policy in Portugal
 involving institutional cooperation. These experiences reveal the
 importance of factors associated with the roles of the central state and
 local political leadership in the way integrated tools of urban and
 territorial policy are implemented. They also show that the capacity to
 mobilize local agents is mitigated by the deep-rooted presence of highly
 personalized institutional ties, reflecting a relational model that is
 particularly characteristic of Portuguese society. We will conclude that
 territorial policies may be jeopardized when these policies are centred
 mainly upon the mobilization of local agents. In fact, these two
 case-studies, as well as similar experiences in Italy, suggest that, in
 southern Europe, two other aspects are central for the definition of
 territorial policies on the inter-municipal and local scales: the
 influence of the state, and the role of political leadership at local
 level. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 761-784 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2006 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802079387 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802079387 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2006:i:6:p:761-784




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aurora A. C. Teixeira 
Author-X-Name-First: Aurora A. C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Teixeira 
Author-Name: Paulo Santos 
Author-X-Name-First: Paulo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Santos 
Author-Name: Ana Oliveira Brochado 
Author-X-Name-First: Ana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Oliveira Brochado 
Title: International R&D Cooperation between Low-tech SMEs: The Role of Cultural and Geographical Proximity 
Abstract:
  Although there is a considerable amount of empirical evidence on
 inter-firm collaborations within technology-based industries, there are
 only a few works focussing on R&D cooperation by low-tech firms,
 especially small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Providing further
 and new evidence based on a recently built database of CRAFT projects,
 this study analyses the relationship between technology and proximity in
 international R&D networks using HOMALS and statistical cluster
 techniques. The resulting typology of international cooperative R&D
 projects highlights that successful international cooperative R&D projects
 are both culturally/geographically closer and distant. Moreover, and quite
 interestingly, geographically distant projects are technologically more
 advanced whereas those located near each other are essentially low-tech.
 Such evidence is likely to reflect the tacit-codified knowledge debate
 boosted recently by the information and communication technology (ICT)
 &#x201C;revolution&#x201D; emphasized by the prophets of the &#x201C;Death
 of Distance&#x201D; and the &#x201C;End of Geography&#x201D;. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 785-810 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2006 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802079411 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802079411 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2006:i:6:p:785-810




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: F.   Xavier Molina-Morales 
Author-X-Name-First: F.   Xavier 
Author-X-Name-Last: Molina-Morales 
Author-Name: Francisco Mas-Verdu 
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mas-Verdu 
Title: Intended Ties with Local Institutions as Factors in Innovation: An Application to Spanish Manufacturing Firms 
Abstract:
  In this paper we seek to check for a number of interactions between firms
 and the external environment. We aim to contribute to the discussion on
 the role of the regional environment in a firm's innovation performance.
 We test the statistical significance of a number of particular
 interactions between institutions and firm innovation. In particular, we
 have hypothesized the association between trade and professional
 institutions, technological centres, and cooperation arrangements and
 innovation. In contrast with existing studies, we have provided empirical
 evidence of the impact of external factors on individual firms. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 811-827 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2006 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802079452 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802079452 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2006:i:6:p:811-827




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anli Ata&#xF6;v 
Author-X-Name-First: Anli 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ata&#xF6;v 
Title: Constructing Co-generative Search Processes: Re-thinking Urban Planning/Making Urban Plans Actionable 
Abstract:
  The project discussed in this paper represents the participatory planning
 of Kocaeli in Turkey, which uses the &#x201C;action research&#x201D;
 approach, a more powerful approach compared to conventional approaches
 with respect to the value of democracy in city-wide decision-making and
 the actionable outcomes salient to the needs of the community. The use of
 action research in planning integrates research, theory, and action. It
 helps manage the change through action in the process of participation,
 while enhancing democratic dialogue within a changing power structure. The
 Kocaeli project takes a position in the &#x201C;process&#x201D; in order
 to understand the non-rhetoric, and in turn, to lead to social change. The
 literature often provides inadequate information about procedural
 descriptions and methodological means, which enable research to operate in
 practice. This paper focuses on developing a participation model for such
 a process. I present the project in five sections: (1) the context; (2)
 the research strategy; (3) the process principles; (4) the outcomes; (5)
 lessons learned. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 829-851 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2006 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802079502 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802079502 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jochem De Vries 
Author-X-Name-First: Jochem 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Vries 
Title: Venturing Into Unknown Territory: The Preparation and Formulation of the Second Benelux Structural Outline 
Abstract:
  Inherent in transnational planning are obstacles which cause spatial
 planners to venture into unknown territory. The scale, the issues and the
 institutional context are significantly different from planning at the
 national level or below. What does this mean for the role of spatial
 plan-making, which is the cornerstone of the planning profession? This
 paper focuses on the role of plans as part of building transnational
 governance capacity. It does so on the basis of an in-depth case study of
 the preparation of the Second Benelux Structural Outline (1994--2000). The
 research material consists of a series of interviews with directly
 involved planners and administrators, primary sources such as internal
 reports of the Benelux Economic Union and direct observations by the
 researcher who attended several meetings of the planning committee. The
 paper starts with a short discussion of contemporary planning theory
 through which the formulation of the plan is analysed. Planning as a
 communicative process and planning as a programming process are central
 concepts in this analytical framework. The paper proceeds with an analysis
 of the making of the Second Benelux Structural Outline. A conclusion is
 that the plan as a communicative tool was not sufficiently developed
 during the planning process, in spite of the desirability of such a
 feature in this stage of building transnational governance capacity. The
 concluding remarks will focus on the ways in which the communicative
 dimension of future transnational plans can be improved. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 853-876 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802081128 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802081128 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2008:i:6:p:853-876




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jim Campbell 
Author-X-Name-First: Jim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Campbell 
Author-Name: Leaza Mcsorley 
Author-X-Name-First: Leaza 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mcsorley 
Title: EU Regional Policy After 2006: Will Scotland Notice the Difference? 
Abstract:
  In order to accommodate the recent enlargements of the European Union
 (EU) there has been considerable changes to the operation of EU regional
 policy which means that Scotland along with other regions in the EU-15
 will receive considerably less money from the Structural Funds in the
 future. This article discusses the extent to which the reduction in EU
 funding for economic development will impact on the Scottish economy. The
 issue is explored by considering the contribution, which Structural Funds
 have made in the past to economic development in Western Scotland, which
 has received the lion's share of the money allocated to Scotland. It is
 suggested that whilst the amount of economic development in Scotland will
 not be significantly reduced as a result of the decline in EU funds the
 types of projects and organizations receiving funding will alter because
 of changes made to the way in which the funds are administered in
 Scotland. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 877-888 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802079593 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802079593 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2008:i:6:p:877-888




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tony Champion 
Author-X-Name-First: Tony 
Author-X-Name-Last: Champion 
Title: Book Review 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 889-891 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802079627 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802079627 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2008:i:6:p:889-891




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Frans Boekema 
Author-X-Name-First: Frans 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boekema 
Author-Name: Ton Van Naerssen 
Author-X-Name-First: Ton 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Naerssen 
Author-Name: Annelies Zoomers 
Author-X-Name-First: Annelies 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zoomers 
Title: Global Circulation and Territorial Development: Introduction to the Special Issue 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 893-898 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802163694 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802163694 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2008:i:7:p:893-898




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bas Spierings 
Author-X-Name-First: Bas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Spierings 
Author-Name: Henk Van Houtum 
Author-X-Name-First: Henk 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Houtum 
Title: The Brave New World of the Post-society: The Mass-production of the Individual Consumer and the Emergence of Template Cities 
Abstract:
   Aldous Huxley's novel <roman>Brave New
 World</roman> (Longman, Harlow, 1932/1991) portrayed a post-human world, a
 world where human beings were mass-produced like clones and kept in
 complete happiness through an endless variation of seductions and
 pleasures. This essay explores parallels in contemporary urban society by
 analysing why and how we consume&#x2014;goods, places, and ultimately
 ourselves&#x2014;in our daily shopping spaces. In today's post-society,
 new fashions, representations and make-overs are introduced onto the
 global market at breakneck speed. Globalization implies an inexhaustible
 resource for change in local consumption spaces, creating continuous
 opportunities to transform our personal identities as well as our urban
 environments. In our world of globalization, hyper-capitalism, and
 mass-individualism, there seems to be no escape from having and parading a
 personal identity, no escape from the commercial template for seductive
 urban shopping spaces. Are we in control of our own destinies? Who are we
 fooling when we hide in the consumerist maze of fiction and fantasy? What
 brave new world are we living in? 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 899-909 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2007 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802224702 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802224702 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2007:i:7:p:899-909




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Szymon Marci&#x144;czak 
Author-X-Name-First: Szymon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marci&#x144;czak 
Author-Name: Martin Van Der Velde 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Der Velde 
Title: Drifting in a Global Space of Textile Flows: Apparel Bazaars in Poland's &#x141;&#xF3;d&#x17A; Region 
Abstract:
  This paper examines the influence of globalization and the circulation of
 money, goods and people on the functioning of post-socialist apparel
 bazaars in Poland's &#x141;&#xF3;d&#x17A; region. The theoretical backbone
 of the study is presented first, followed by an introduction to the
 general phenomenon of the bazaar. The following sections then address the
 temporal, spatial and institutional contexts of the development of the
 &#x141;&#xF3;d&#x17A; region's textile industry, and how the more recent
 opportunities, constraints and threats of globalization have been
 perceived and maintained by key players at the PTAK Bazaar. We argue that
 local economic development, in which the bazaar plays a crucial role, is
 scale-dependent. No longer the subject of a topo-cratic, hierarchical
 policy as it was under the socialist regime, current performance is the
 result of both vertical and horizontal power geometries. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 911-923 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2007 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802163702 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802163702 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2007:i:7:p:911-923




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arnoud Lagendijk 
Author-X-Name-First: Arnoud 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lagendijk 
Author-Name: Frans Boekema 
Author-X-Name-First: Frans 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boekema 
Title: Global Circulation and Territorial Development: South-east Brabant from a Relational Perspective 
Abstract:
  Since the early 1990s, the south-eastern part of North-Brabant (also
 known as the Greater Eindhoven region) in the Netherlands has enjoyed a
 major turn in its economic position and outlook. From a more or less
 traditional industrial region in decline, it has become a &#x201C;cradle
 of innovation&#x201D; with a key position in the wider
 &#x201C;knowledge-based&#x201D; economy. This paper sheds light on this
 transformation by referring to the recent literature on territoriality and
 relationality, and how it has informed post-Marshallian accounts of
 clustering. In particular, we discuss the context and scope for regional
 strategy-making in light of selectivities stemming from state and firm
 activities. The success of the Eindhoven region cannot be understood
 without seeing how it was structurally privileged by agents and processes
 largely external to the region. Part of its success, however, can be
 attributed to strategic action undertaken within the region itself. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 925-939 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2007 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802163710 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802163710 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2007:i:7:p:925-939




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcel van Kampen 
Author-X-Name-First: Marcel 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Kampen 
Author-Name: Ton Van Naerssen 
Author-X-Name-First: Ton 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Naerssen 
Title: Globalization and Urban Governance in Two Asian Cities: Pune (India) and Cebu (The Philippines) 
Abstract:
  This contribution examines the management of urban development in two
 Asian metropolitan regions against the background of globalization.
 Although there are substantial differences in context, recent developments
 in both Pune Metropolitan Region in India and Metro Cebu in the
 Philippines can largely be explained by their integration into the
 financial and commodity circuits of the global economy. Globalization,
 however, comprises more than economic inclusion. At the level of policy
 ideas, we see the introduction of principles of governance emphasizing
 greater participation of civil society groups in urban management.
 Operating within existing patron--client frameworks, however, the
 involvement of non-governmental organizations and
 community-based/peoples&#x2019; organizations has unintended, exclusionary
 effects. We trace these here in the areas of participatory planning and
 access to basic needs, especially housing. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 941-954 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2007 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802163736 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802163736 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2007:i:7:p:941-954




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Krisztina Varr&#xF3; 
Author-X-Name-First: Krisztina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Varr&#xF3; 
Title: Changing Narratives on EU Multi-level Space in a Globalizing Era: How Hungary as a <italic>National</italic> Space became Part of the Story 
Abstract:
  The political nature of spatial restructuring has featured prominently in
 recent discussions of globalization. This paper argues that we cannot
 understand these political processes by focusing on the interaction of
 institutional actors alone; we also need to consider how various spatial
 narratives are mobilized and interact to naturalize &#x201C;given&#x201D;
 scales and spaces. To illustrate these points, this paper first assesses
 the construction of a multi-level, united European Union (EU) space. It
 then more closely examines the narratives induced by Hungary's accession
 to complement institutional analyses in explaining why it was Hungarian
 national space&#x2014;rather than the newly created regional
 spaces&#x2014;that joined the EU in 2004. As will be shown, understandings
 of globalization, as part of these narratives, are indispensable to
 understand the re-scaling of governance. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 955-969 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2007 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802163751 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802163751 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Annelies Zoomers 
Author-X-Name-First: Annelies 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zoomers 
Title: Global Travelling Along the Inca Route: Is International Tourism Beneficial for Local Development? 
Abstract:
  Globalization has vastly increased the number of people travelling the
 globe. More than half a million tourists visit the Andean Highlands each
 year, many of them following the &#x201C;Inca route&#x201D; between Peru
 and Bolivia in pursuit of adventurous moments and
 &#x201C;authentic&#x201D; experiences. The governments of Peru and Bolivia
 have embraced cultural tourism as a strategy for economic growth, the
 alleviation of poverty, the conservation of cultural heritage and the
 protection of indigenous rights. To understand the long-term implications
 of tourism in the Andes, however, we need to understand what draws
 tourists to the area, how local people view the visitors, how locals and
 outsiders variously understand &#x201C;poverty&#x201D;, and how global
 travelling affects opportunities for local development. Based on a
 combined analysis of travel guides, interviews with Peruvian and Bolivian
 Andeanists and fieldwork in the southern Andes of Bolivia, this article
 explores perceptions of place, poverty, and international tourism's
 potential for economic development in the Andean region. While cultural
 tourism has incorporated Andean people in the consumer-oriented global
 economy, the majority remain socially marginalized and without sufficient
 access to productive resources. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 971-983 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2007 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802163769 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802163769 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roel Rutten 
Author-X-Name-First: Roel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rutten 
Author-Name: John Gelissen 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gelissen 
Title: Technology, Talent, Diversity and the Wealth of European Regions 
Abstract:
  In this article, we test the creativity and diversity hypothesis of
 Richard Florida for European regions. Florida argues that the level of
 regional economic development depends on the levels of technology, talent,
 and tolerance that regions harbour. Tolerance, in this case, is a measure
 for diversity of lifestyles, the creativity that results from it and
 population's openness towards non-traditional lifestyles. Using data for
 94 European regions we investigate whether differences in creativity and
 diversity are a good predictor of differences in regional wealth in
 additive and multiplicative regression models. The results indicate that
 regional differences in diversity are directly related to differences in
 regional wealth. Moreover, we find that the synergetic effect of
 technology and talent on the level of regional wealth depends on the
 degree of diversity that resides within regions. Our findings support the
 idea that creativity and diversity deserve a more prominent place in
 economic geography. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 985-1006 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802163785 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802163785 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Silvia Gullino 
Author-X-Name-First: Silvia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gullino 
Title: Book Review 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1007-1008 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802163801 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802163801 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henry Etzkowitz 
Author-X-Name-First: Henry 
Author-X-Name-Last: Etzkowitz 
Author-Name: James Dzisah 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dzisah 
Title: Unity and Diversity in High-tech Growth and Renewal: Learning from Boston and Silicon Valley 
Abstract:
  A new model of knowledge-based regional economic development was invented
 in Boston during the 1930s and subsequently transferred to northern
 California where it also had independent roots. Drawing upon academic,
 business and government resources and configuring them in new formats
 created new firms and new industries. Nevertheless, the two regions often
 appear dissimilar when they are contrasted synchronically, due to the
 different stages they may be in at the time. Thus, some observers argue
 that Boston and Silicon Valley are distinctive watersheds, irrelevant to
 follow-on regions. However, if the development process of these two
 prototypical high-tech regions are analysed diachronically, a trajectory
 with similar phases of development may be identified. We suggest that
 these two regions exemplify a general model for high-tech regional growth
 and renewal. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1009-1024 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2007 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802315385 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802315385 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrés Rodríguez-Pose 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrés 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodríguez-Pose 
Title: The Rise of the &#x201C;City-region&#x201D; Concept and its Development Policy Implications 
Abstract:
  As well as enjoying a rich scientific history, the concept of the
 &#x201C;city-region&#x201D; has also attracted particular attention in
 recent years. Combinations of an urban core or cores, linked to semi-urban
 and rural hinterland by functional ties, are increasingly regarded as the
 &#x201C;adequate&#x201D; scale for the implementation of development
 policies. The popularization and widespread use of the city-region concept
 for policy-making has important implications for the design and
 implementation of development strategies. It first signals a change from
 sectoral to territorial approaches to development and requires the
 adjustment of development strategies to widely varying contexts, leading
 to much greater policy diversity and innovation. It also involves a more
 complex governance structure, characterized by the horizontal and vertical
 coordination of numerous institutional public and private actors, and
 enables experimentation with bottom-up and participatory policy-making.
 This paper evaluates these changes and critically addresses their
 normative implications, especially in light of the facts that there is
 still little agreement on how the city-region is defined, that the term
 has become appropriated by urban elites, and that the problems faced by
 city-regions may not be that different from those operating at other
 geographical scales. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1025-1046 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2007 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802315567 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802315567 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Berger 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Berger 
Author-Name: Javier   Revilla Diez 
Author-X-Name-First: Javier   Revilla 
Author-X-Name-Last: Diez 
Title: Can Host Innovation Systems in Late Industrializing Countries Benefit from the Presence of Transnational Corporations? Insights from Thailand's Manufacturing Industry 
Abstract:
  Innovation systems in late industrializing countries are said to be
 ill-developed and fragmented, lacking crucial key resources and access to
 technology and knowledge. At the same time these national innovation
 systems (NISs) host subsidiaries of transnational corporations, which
 could contribute to the development of the NIS due to their advanced
 technology and capabilities. This paper considers data from innovation
 surveys, self-assessment of technological capabilities and qualitative
 interview information in order to establish two things: firstly, the
 technological activities and capabilities of foreign affiliates and
 domestic firms in Thailand (as compared to Singapore, Penang and Europe),
 and secondly, the main mechanisms by which foreign affiliates foster
 upgrading in domestic firms and in the innovation systems themselves. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1047-1074 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2007 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802315708 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802315708 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dagmar Haase 
Author-X-Name-First: Dagmar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Haase 
Author-Name: Annegret Haase 
Author-X-Name-First: Annegret 
Author-X-Name-Last: Haase 
Author-Name: Sigrun Kabisch 
Author-X-Name-First: Sigrun 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kabisch 
Author-Name: Peter Bischoff 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bischoff 
Title: Guidelines for the &#x201C;Perfect Inner City&#x201D;. Discussing the Appropriateness of Monitoring Approaches for Reurbanization 
Abstract:
  In this paper, we analyse the appropriateness of monitoring approaches
 for the observation of inner-city reurbanization processes. Reurbanization
 is conceptualized here as a process of long-term stabilization of
 inner-city areas by both a readiness of present residents to stay and an
 influx of new residents. It has been recently re-set on the top of the
 European urban research agenda since non-growth has proved to be a major
 path of future development for many European cities. Recent research
 evidence across Europe underscores the fact that reurbanization depends
 much on local settings of institutional, socio-economic and
 infrastructural factors. To foster a clearer understanding of the nature
 and dynamics of local reurbanization, to assess its extent and progress
 and, what is more, to help practitioners to shape sustainable policy
 initiatives appropriate to the respective context, reurbanization needs to
 be observed over the long term. The complex character of reurbanization
 sets new challenges for monitoring approaches and indicator-based tools.
 Due to the genuine relation of the present debate on reurbanization to the
 phenomenon of non-growth or the return of the compact city, the focus in
 this paper is set on demographic development trends and their impact on
 inner-city change. In this vein, our paper presents a monitoring design
 and a respective newly developed indicator set for reurbanization which
 focuses more on the initial recognition of reurbanization than on its
 long-term stability. Methodically, chances and limits of the integration
 of household-related indicators and qualitative knowledge on
 reurbanization into monitoring tools are highlighted. Empirical and
 statistical evidence is taken from a recently completed EU FP 5 research
 project and from municipal surveys. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1075-1100 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2007 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802315765 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802315765 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aykut Lenger 
Author-X-Name-First: Aykut 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lenger 
Title: Regional Innovation Systems and the Role of State: Institutional Design and State Universities in Turkey 
Abstract:
  This paper investigates the role of state played in the regional
 innovation systems through state universities and legal and institutional
 set-up within Turkey. Initially, the paper will discuss the lack of
 regional perspective in policy-making that, until very recently, was
 predominant in Turkey. Secondly, the paper examines two salient laws that
 have ramifications for regional economics. The key elements in regional
 innovation systems can be split apart into two sections. On one side there
 are technology development regions/centres, and university--industry joint
 research centres. On the other side, taking into account the public
 research undertaken, there are the state universities, and the role that
 they play in the earlier mentioned centres/regions. The econometric
 analysis asserts that each of these elements has a positive and
 statistically significant effect on the patenting performance of regions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1101-1120 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2007 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802315781 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802315781 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roberto Ezcurra 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ezcurra 
Author-Name: Belén Ir&#xE1;izoz 
Author-X-Name-First: Belén 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ir&#xE1;izoz 
Author-Name: Manuel Rap&#xFA;n 
Author-X-Name-First: Manuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rap&#xFA;n 
Title: Regional Efficiency in the European Union 
Abstract:
  This paper examines existing disparities in technical efficiency levels
 across the European regions over the period 1986--2002. The results reveal
 that technical efficiency is not randomly distributed across space in the
 European setting. On the contrary, the different tests performed highlight
 the presence of positive spatial autocorrelation and spatial heterogeneity
 in the distribution under consideration. In fact, we have detected several
 regional clusters characterized by similar efficiency levels
 distinguishing them from the rest of the sample. Nevertheless, the
 estimates carried out show the existence of a process of regional
 convergence in terms of technical efficiency during the study period. Our
 findings also reveal that factors such as the regional stock of capital
 per worker or the patterns of productive specialization are relevant in
 explaining the changes in technical efficiency experienced by the European
 regions between 1986 and 2002. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1121-1143 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802315807 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802315807 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jon   Mikel Zabala-Iturriagagoitia 
Author-X-Name-First: Jon   Mikel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zabala-Iturriagagoitia 
Author-Name: Fernando Jiménez-S&#xE1;ez 
Author-X-Name-First: Fernando 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jiménez-S&#xE1;ez 
Author-Name: Elena Castro-Martínez 
Author-X-Name-First: Elena 
Author-X-Name-Last: Castro-Martínez 
Title: Evaluating European Regional Innovation Strategies 
Abstract:
  In this paper we analyse the degree of achievement of the Regional
 Innovation Strategy goals. This is an European Union Commission policy
 oriented toward the promotion of regional Science, Technology and
 Innovation (STI) policy design through the involvement of regional
 stakeholders. We analyse two categories of objectives: those dealing with
 process participation and those dealing with behavioural change. Our
 results show that the overall achievement of the goals is meaningful: the
 former have been achieved in a larger extent than the latter ones.
 However, other aspects such as multidisciplinary, and the establishment of
 a monitoring and evaluation system have not been so fruitful. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1145-1160 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802315849 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802315849 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vladislav Valentinov 
Author-X-Name-First: Vladislav 
Author-X-Name-Last: Valentinov 
Title: Explaining the Rise of Rural Governance in Europe 
Abstract:
  This paper develops a new institutional economics account of the broad
 issues of governance in European rural development. It is argued that
 rural governance is determined by rural development stakeholders' property
 rights which in turn reflect their interests in rural development. On this
 basis, rural governance is explained in terms of the property rights
 structures reflecting the growing commonness of interests of rural
 development stakeholders. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1161-1165 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802315856 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802315856 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2008:i:8:p:1161-1165




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Silvia Gullino 
Author-X-Name-First: Silvia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gullino 
Title: Book Review 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1167-1168 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802320823 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802320823 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2008:i:8:p:1167-1168




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Evert-Jan Visser 
Author-X-Name-First: Evert-Jan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Visser 
Author-Name: Oedzge Atzema 
Author-X-Name-First: Oedzge 
Author-X-Name-Last: Atzema 
Title: With or Without Clusters: Facilitating Innovation through a Differentiated and Combined Network Approach 
Abstract:
  Over the past decades, economic and innovation policy across Europe moved
 in the direction of creating regional clusters of related firms and
 institutions. Creating clusters through public policy is risky, complex
 and costly, however. Moreover, it is not necessary to rely on clusters to
 stimulate innovation. A differentiated and combined network approach to
 enhancing innovation and stimulating economic growth may be more efficient
 and effective, especially though not exclusively in regions lacking
 clusters. The challenge of such a policy is to mitigate the bottlenecks
 associated with &#x201C;global pipeline&#x201D;, &#x201C;local
 buzz&#x201D; and &#x201C;stand alone&#x201D; strategies used by innovative
 firms and to combine these strategies with a view to their complementarity
 in terms of knowledge effects. Private and semi-public brokers will be key
 in the evolving policy, as timely organizational change is crucial for
 continued innovation, while brokers also need to mitigate governance
 problems. This requires region-specific knowledge in terms of sectors,
 life cycles, institutional and socio-cultural factors, and yields
 spatially differentiated and differentiating adjustment strategies. The
 role of public policy is to assist in recruiting, provide start-up funding
 and monitor brokers. With this, policy moves towards a decentralized,
 process-based, region-specific, spatially diverging and multi-level system
 of innovation that is geared towards the evolving innovation strategies of
 firms. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1169-1188 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2007 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802401573 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802401573 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2007:i:9:p:1169-1188




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lei&#xA8;la Kebir 
Author-X-Name-First: Lei&#xA8;la 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kebir 
Author-Name: Olivier Crevoisier 
Author-X-Name-First: Olivier 
Author-X-Name-Last: Crevoisier 
Title: Cultural Resources and Regional Development: The Case of the Cultural Legacy of Watchmaking 
Abstract:
  Cultural resources are today the object of considerable attention in
 regional economics. Ground for new forms of innovation these resources
 have given rise to numerous works aiming at understanding the emergence
 and organisation of culture based economic activities and at identifying
 the role of these activities in regional development and urban planning.
 The objective of this article is to explore the way in which resources,
 and in particular cultural resources, are incorporated into production
 processes on the one hand, and the consequences on the resources of doing
 so on the other hand. Becoming an economic resource, a cultural
 &#x201C;object&#x201D; (symbol, image, cultural heritage, traditional
 know-how, etc.) becomes embedded within commercial relationships. The
 question we address here is what are the causes and consequences of this
 commodification of culture for the production systems, the customers and
 for the local communities which put a certain number of their constitutive
 elements into play. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1189-1205 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2006 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802401607 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802401607 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2006:i:9:p:1189-1205




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Shapira 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shapira 
Author-Name: Jan Youtie 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Youtie 
Title: Learning to Innovate: Building Regional Technology Development Learning Networks in Midsized Cities 
Abstract:
  There has been increased attention to the importance of knowledge in
 economic success. The ability of a region to develop learning capabilities
 has been linked to knowledge-based success. However, conflicting
 perspectives exist about whether and how it is possible for policies and
 institutions in a lagging location to foster a learning region. This
 article examines this debate in the context of an effort to develop a
 second region of innovation (outside of Atlanta) in the US state of
 Georgia through a learning network called the Midsize Cities Technology
 Development Initiative. This initiative partnered four midsized cities in
 Georgia with four European midsized cities to stimulate benchmarking and
 learning. While traditional perspectives on economic development persist,
 some learning and reorientation of strategy was evident in the
 participating US cities. In stimulating these changes, significant roles
 were played by outsiders in brokering interaction and imparting fresh
 ideas, in strengthening ties to research and innovation capabilities in
 the core Atlanta metropolis, and in building new local institutions. A
 major new state-sponsored programme (the Centers of Innovation) with local
 presence in each of the four cities resulted from the effort. Still, it
 remains to be seen how learning will continue and whether a fully fledged
 second region of innovation will emerge in Georgia. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1207-1228 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2007 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802401631 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802401631 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2007:i:9:p:1207-1228




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: José   Antonio Belso-Martínez 
Author-X-Name-First: José   Antonio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Belso-Martínez 
Title: Differences in Survival Strategies among Footwear Industrial Districts: The Role of International Outsourcing 
Abstract:
  During the 1990s, a further development of the industrial district model
 was observed in some developed countries and industrial sectors. Due to
 the intense process of globalization, footwear district firms have
 gradually relocated some manufacturing activities through an international
 extension of their business networks. In this manner, the traditional
 pattern of integrated shoemaking is being replaced by a global supply
 chain stretching across different countries and cultures. Even though
 Spain has always been positioned at the top of the rank of footwear
 exporters, little attention has been paid to how Spanish footwear
 districts are handling the global competition and strategies implemented
 in order to achieve superior efficiency rates. This paper attempts to
 describe the international outsourcing activities (one of the most
 expanded strategies) in four footwear industrial districts. To reach our
 objective, data about imports of components and outward processing trade
 in provinces of the districts considered are deeply analysed. Special
 consideration has been paid to differences between provinces and
 districts. Finally, based on the issues reviewed and results obtained in
 previous sections, our paper includes conclusions and implications for
 policy makers and practitioners. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1229-1248 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2007 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802401649 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802401649 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:16:y:2007:i:9:p:1229-1248




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hugo Priemus 
Author-X-Name-First: Hugo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Priemus 
Title: Dutch Spatial-economic Investment Policy Revised: Strengthening the Role of Parliament 
Abstract:
  The central research questions in this contribution are: how are
 spatial-economic investment projects assessed, selected and prioritized
 nation wide, and how can the role of Parliament be defined and, if
 necessary, be strengthened? In practice, this centres on the issue of how
 to avoid &#x201C;entrapment&#x201D;. A critical assessment of the current
 Dutch policies to strengthen the economic structure of the country is
 followed by a discussion of the proposals presented in 2004 by the Dutch
 Parliamentary Commission on Infrastructure Projects. This contribution
 concludes that the acceptance of (the majority of) the Duivesteijn
 Commission's proposals will greatly clarify and strengthen the position of
 the Dutch parliament in selecting and prioritizing spatial-economic
 investment projects. The Dutch experience may be relevant for parliaments
 in other countries as well. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1249-1266 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2007 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802401672 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802401672 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Smita Srinivas 
Author-X-Name-First: Smita 
Author-X-Name-Last: Srinivas 
Author-Name: Kati-Jasmin Kosonen 
Author-X-Name-First: Kati-Jasmin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kosonen 
Author-Name: Kimmo Viljamaa 
Author-X-Name-First: Kimmo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Viljamaa 
Author-Name: Juha Nummi 
Author-X-Name-First: Juha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nummi 
Title: Varieties of Innovation and Welfare Regimes: The Leap from R&D Projects to the Development of City-regions 
Abstract:
  In the varieties of capitalism, welfare capitalism, and systems of
 innovation literatures, the university is a critical actor as public
 employer, trainer and provider of several public goods. However, there is
 relatively weak enquiry into the spatial and institutional characteristics
 of university-led economic development and a relative neglect of the
 political economy and organizational features of embedded R&D projects in
 urban and regional planning. We argue that technical projects, far from
 being stand-alone entities, have taken on the broad characteristics of the
 university and city-regional development mandate in where they reside. The
 article is based on an exploratory study of university--industry R&D
 projects in six city regions of Finland. We show that: (a) the shifting
 role of universities reflects a changed context for the welfare state in
 which the &#x201C;public&#x201D; debate occurs; (b) These create distinct
 issues of legitimacy and coalition-building in local economic planning
 which give rise to diverse regional interpretations of single technology
 programmes; (c) We categorise three general types of models of R&D
 projects in universities and propose tentative categories of contributions
 to &#x201C;public knowledge&#x201D;. This diversity of interpretations and
 outcomes leaves us optimistic regarding the ability of city-regions to
 adapt and plan for the future against a changing welfare state that shapes
 the university's role, yet more cautious about any clear-cut
 &#x201C;public knowledge&#x201D; emerging from such technical projects. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1267-1291 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2007 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802401748 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802401748 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kostas Bithas 
Author-X-Name-First: Kostas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bithas 
Title: The European Policy on Water Use at the Urban Level in the Context of the Water Framework Directive. Effectiveness, Appropriateness and Efficiency 
Abstract:
  The current European policy on water resources use in cities is
 undergoing radical reform in an attempt to confront the water quality
 problems and the dramatically intensified water scarcity. Among the most
 elaborate documents concerning current water policy is the Water Framework
 Directive (WFD), which spells out the targets of water policy at the
 European level. The confrontation of water scarcity, deterioration in
 quality, and the reduction in costs of the water supply industry emerge as
 decisive principles of the new European policy on water use in cities.
 These targets are currently assimilated in the agendas of national water
 policies in almost all European countries. To achieve these objectives
 several policy instruments have been applied in Europe. The more
 prevailing instruments are: demand management, privatization of water
 companies and efficient/full cost pricing of water use. The present
 article aims at systematically evaluating the effectiveness and efficiency
 of the current water policy for urban systems, by examining the coherence
 of its instruments as well as their appropriateness for achieving the
 policy's targets. To start with, the paper presents an elementary economic
 analysis of the current water policy. The effects of the most common
 policy instruments are systematically traced in the framework of economic
 analysis. Next, three indicative case cities are presented and examined.
 As it turns out, however, the results of the implementation of the main
 instruments are contradictory. This drastically reduces the effectiveness
 of the water policy. We indicate that these contradictory effects are
 inherent in the water policy and originate in the lack of appropriate
 social processes and institutions for the management of natural resources. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1293-1311 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802401789 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802401789 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Evert Meijers 
Author-X-Name-First: Evert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Meijers 
Title: Measuring Polycentricity and its Promises 
Abstract:
  Even a decade after the concept of polycentric development became popular
 and increasingly widespread in Europe as a normative policy stance
 allegedly leading to cohesion and competitiveness, its empirical basis is
 still rather weak. This is partly due to a lack of conceptual clearness,
 which makes its measurement difficult. This research briefing synthesises
 the results of two recent ESPON projects that aim to create a quantitative
 measurement of the extent of polycentricity of national urban systems, as
 well as the links they find between polycentricity and economic and social
 objectives. Both approaches have their limits and have been, and can be
 criticized from various perspectives. Some suggestions on how to proceed
 with this research agenda are presented. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1313-1323 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802401805 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802401805 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Harald Bathelt 
Author-X-Name-First: Harald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bathelt 
Author-Name: Katrin Kappes 
Author-X-Name-First: Katrin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kappes 
Title: Regional Deindustrialization and Re-bundling: Evidence from the Merger of the Former German Hoechst and French Rh&#xF4;ne-Poulenc Groups 
Abstract:
  large part of the work in economic geography and other social sciences
 has focused on new growth prospects due to the establishment of global
 production chains and the rise of new clusters of industrial activity.
 Much less attention has been paid to former growth industries and regions
 that have recently experienced shrinking processes due to
 internationalization. This paper will explore the cases of two chemical
 regions, i.e. southern Hessen, Germany and Rh&#xF4;ne-Alpes, France. These
 two areas have both undergone drastic restructuring since the mid-1990s,
 due to the merger of the prominent chemical groups Hoechst and
 Rh&#xF4;ne-Poulenc into Aventis. Instead of investigating the development
 of the core activities at Aventis, we will focus on the operations that
 were considered less important and consequently split off. In addition to
 the negative consequences produced by these activities, in our analysis we
 also emphasize regional opportunities which arise from competence
 building, reorientation and new firm formation. These processes can be
 viewed as re-bundling existing and new knowledge bases with other
 resources to help overcome economic crises and develop a new competitive
 edge. As such, the paper aims to contribute to a relational understanding
 of economic globalization and regional restructuring. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1329-1352 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2007 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802420045 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802420045 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Melih Pinarcio&#x11F;lu 
Author-X-Name-First: Melih 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pinarcio&#x11F;lu 
Author-Name: O&#x11F;uz I&#x15F;ik 
Author-X-Name-First: O&#x11F;uz 
Author-X-Name-Last: I&#x15F;ik 
Title: Not Only Helpless but also Hopeless: Changing Dynamics of Urban Poverty in Turkey, the Case of Sultanbeyli, Istanbul 
Abstract:
  This paper is an attempt to understand the changing characteristics of
 urban poverty in Turkey since 1980. First, it analyses how the urban poor
 in Turkey had adopted aggressive survival strategies by strengthening
 their solidarity networks on religious, ethnic and cultural bases until
 the 2000s. Then it sheds light on how those networks have dissolved later
 on thanks to a set of internal and external factors and concludes that
 Turkey now faces deepening poverty levels and engendering new forms and
 dynamics of poverty. This paper is based on the Sultanbeyli district of
 Istanbul, a district almost entirely composed of unauthorized houses whose
 population grew at an unprecedented rate after 1980; and it is a perfect
 case for the study of issues relating to migration, urbanization and
 poverty in Turkish cities. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1353-1370 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2007 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802420060 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802420060 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Newman 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Newman 
Title: Strategic Spatial Planning: Collective Action and Moments of Opportunity 
Abstract:
  The theory and practice of strategic spatial planning makes a significant
 contribution to debates about contemporary European planning. Whilst its
 proponents describe a progressive style of governance and new territorial
 imaginations it is difficult to point to success on the ground. The paper
 argues that the normative conception of strategic spatial planning and
 focus on the failure of planners to live up to the ideal diverts attention
 from understanding the day-to-day work of planners and the ordinary
 politics of planning. We review some potentially helpful work in political
 sociology to develop framework that, rather than seeing planners failing
 to develop appropriate spatial and governance imaginations, may contribute
 to a better understanding of how planners pursue interests, attempt to
 manage the costs of collective action and assess institutional constraints
 and political opportunities. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1371-1383 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2007 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802420078 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802420078 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Oliver Falck 
Author-X-Name-First: Oliver 
Author-X-Name-Last: Falck 
Author-Name: Stephan Heblich 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Heblich 
Title: Modern Location Factors in Dynamic Regions 
Abstract:
  Globalization has had an enormous impact on traditional industrial
 structures. It almost seems that everything is everywhere the same. And
 yet, in reality, some regions in a single industrialized country enjoy
 rapid economic growth while others are downsizing or stagnating. Thus
 there must be some remaining regional competitive advantages&#x2014;even
 in the &#x201C;Age of Globalization&#x201D;. This paper engages in a quest
 to discover what these modern location factors might be and how and why
 they are necessary in creating dynamics and regional growth. In doing so,
 we link the driving forces behind these modern location factors with
 regional performance and eventually arrive at a concept of a regional
 lifecycle and its key dynamics. Using data that paint a comprehensive
 picture of industry and regional development in Germany we try to find
 empirical evidence for our approach. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1385-1403 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2007 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802420094 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802420094 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alpaslan Aliagaoglu 
Author-X-Name-First: Alpaslan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aliagaoglu 
Author-Name: Abdullah Ugur 
Author-X-Name-First: Abdullah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ugur 
Title: Hotels as a Model of Regional Life: The Erzurum Sample 
Abstract:
  Few studies have been undertaken about geographical distributions of
 hotels. These studies mostly have been done in cities which attract
 tourists and have a tradition of tourism in order to clarify the factors
 which affect distribution of hotels. The purpose of this paper is to
 identify geographical distribution of hotels in the city of Erzurum in
 eastern Turkey, which does not have tourism as one of the traditional
 industries. Since hotels serve those who come from outside of the city and
 mostly from its surrounding regions, the city needs to be considered with
 its regions. As a result, in the same context hotels, bus-stations and
 coffee-houses come into the picture in order to serve for incomers. As a
 result of this, it appears that hotels-bus-stations-coffee-houses
 cooperate or create synergy. This synergy may be related with the offered
 service of the city to the surrounding or it may be due to the city's
 historical growth. All these relations can be explained with the
 &#x201C;regional life model&#x201D;. Regional life areas are those places
 in which all roads coming from outside end. In addition, such places serve
 those people coming to the city in order to meet different needs. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1405-1422 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2007 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802420128 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802420128 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tuomo Uotila 
Author-X-Name-First: Tuomo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Uotila 
Author-Name: Toni Ahlqvist 
Author-X-Name-First: Toni 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahlqvist 
Title: Linking Technology Foresight and Regional Innovation Activities: Network Facilitating Innovation Policy in Lahti Region, Finland 
Abstract:
  During recent years a growing body of literature has been published on
 regional innovation systems and regional foresight activities. However,
 not so much attention has been paid on modelling the connection between
 these two areas of research. This article proposes a model on how to use
 results of regional technology foresight in generating practical
 innovation processes in a region with mainly synthetic knowledge
 infrastructures. The model draws upon practical experiences from Lahti
 region, Finland, where the concept of network facilitating innovation
 policy has been adopted as part of the regional development strategy. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1423-1443 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2007 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802420144 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802420144 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M.   C. Lima 
Author-X-Name-First: M.   C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lima 
Author-Name: M.   A. Cardenete 
Author-X-Name-First: M.   A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cardenete 
Title: The Impact of European Structural Funds in the South of Spain 
Abstract:
  Over the last decades, the European Union has contributed to the
 development of poor regions of the Associate Members. This is the case of
 Andalusia, an Objective 1 region for the European regional policy in the
 south of Spain. In this paper we carry out an impact analysis of the
 European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), one of the most important
 Structural Funds, to the object of assessing its effect on aggregate and
 sectoral production, price indexes and consumers&#x2019; welfare. To this
 extend we compute an Applied General Equilibrium Model (AGEM) and we
 present a counterfactual analysis with simulations for three
 representative years: 1990, 1995 and 1999. We conclude that regional
 funding has deeply contributed to Andalusian regional development and the
 effectiveness of the funds seems to be larger for the last years of the
 study. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1445-1457 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802420169 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802420169 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robbert Zandvliet 
Author-X-Name-First: Robbert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zandvliet 
Author-Name: Luca Bertolini 
Author-X-Name-First: Luca 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bertolini 
Author-Name: Martin Dijst 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dijst 
Title: Towards Planning for a Mobile Society: Mobile and Residential Populations and the Performance of Places 
Abstract:
  As contemporary society is increasingly structured around highly diverse
 flows of people, goods, and information, mobile populations will
 contribute more and more to the economic, environmental and social
 performance of their destinations. However, planning is largely focused on
 residential populations and their contribution to the performance of
 places and hardly pays attention to the implications of people on the move
 for these places. In this study, we propose an alternative approach
 towards the assessment of the performance of places by comparing mobile
 and residential populations. An empirical analysis of the Netherlands
 National Travel Survey suggests that planning could profit by analysing
 mobile populations and exploring the desirability and feasibility of
 influencing their decisions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1459-1472 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802420185 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802420185 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicholas   A. Phelps 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas   A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Phelps 
Title: Book Review 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1473-1474 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 16 
Year: 2008 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802420193 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802420193 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marina Van Geenhuizen 
Author-X-Name-First: Marina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Geenhuizen 
Title: Life Sciences in the Netherlands: Weakness in a Strong National Policy 
Abstract:
  The Netherlands is an example of a European country in which the
 commercialization of knowledge is hampered by a somewhat risk-averse
 culture at universities and a shortage of venture capital for early growth
 of start-up firms. This article addresses the policy programme in the
 Netherlands to improve the situation for the life sciences since the early
 2000s. The target number of newly established firms could easily be
 achieved and the programme was able to improve the business climate for
 new firm establishment. However, the programme could not improve
 conditions for growth of new firms because it could not achieve a
 comprehensive turn in the business climate, due to the short cycle-time of
 the programme (4--5 years). In addition, the programme did not take
 advantage of existing critical mass in the largest cluster or from any
 other competitive strength of particular clusters. These circumstances
 were influencing a relatively large number of small and vulnerable firms.
 The article concludes with a set of insights from which lessons can be
 drawn. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1-17 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2007 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802513864 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802513864 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roberta Rabellotti 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rabellotti 
Author-Name: Anna Carabelli 
Author-X-Name-First: Anna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carabelli 
Author-Name: Giovanna Hirsch 
Author-X-Name-First: Giovanna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hirsch 
Title: Italian Industrial Districts on the Move: Where Are They Going? 
Abstract:
  Since the second half of the 1990s the Italian economy has experienced a
 significant slowdown in the rate of economic growth. The
 &#x201C;dwarfism&#x201D; of its manufacturing firms, their specialization
 in traditional sectors and their organization in industrial districts have
 been identified by many scholars as major structural weaknesses in the
 Italian industrial system. Nevertheless, there is a vast and flourishing
 empirical literature showing that many industrial districts are actually
 changing in terms of sector specialization, international and innovation
 strategies and emergence of new forms of enterprise organization. In this
 paper, we provide a critical survey of the new and different patterns of
 industrial organization emerging in industrial districts. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 19-41 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2007 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802513914 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802513914 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan Kr&#xE4;tke 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kr&#xE4;tke 
Author-Name: Arno Brandt 
Author-X-Name-First: Arno 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brandt 
Title: Knowledge Networks as a Regional Development Resource: A Network Analysis of the Interlinks between Scientific Institutions and Regional Firms in the Metropolitan region of Hanover, Germany 
Abstract:
  The debate on regional innovation potentials has concentrated in recent
 times upon the topic of regional knowledge networking. This article
 presents the findings of the first phase of a detailed network analysis of
 the cooperation relations between scientific institutions and firms in the
 &#x201C;metropolitan region Hanover-Brunswick-G&#xF6;ttingen&#x201D;. The
 research concentrated on the regional and supra-regional cooperation
 relations of approximately 500 science establishments of the region,
 including their interlinks with private sector firms. This analysis of a
 polycentric metropolitan region's knowledge networks in different fields
 of competence produced detailed information on the density of knowledge
 interlinking within the region, on the degree of connectivity between the
 region's scientific institutions and private sector firms, and on central
 network nodes within the regional innovation networks. The case study
 exemplifies the methodical approach of a regional network analysis and
 emphasizes the role of knowledge networks as a development resource which
 is of particular relevance to the region's innovation capacities. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 43-63 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2007 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802513930 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802513930 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tore Sager 
Author-X-Name-First: Tore 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sager 
Title: Planners' Role: Torn between Dialogical Ideals and Neo-liberal Realities 
Abstract:
  Planners are inclined to be in favour of public involvement and open
 processes and opposed to manipulation and lenient control of developers.
 The hypothesis here is that the attitudes of the typical Nordic planner,
 in particular, are much closer to communicative planning theory than to
 New Public Management. The planner role is currently under cross pressure
 from conflicting values and expectations held by educators and part of the
 professional community influenced by communicative planning theory on the
 one hand, and politicians and administrators promoting New Public
 Management on the other hand. However, patches of common ground are also
 identified and analysed, in particular the concern for user influence,
 service quality, and client satisfaction. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 65-84 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2007 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802513948 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802513948 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tom Kauko 
Author-X-Name-First: Tom 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kauko 
Title: Policy Impact and House Price Development at the Neighbourhood-level&#x2014;a Comparison of Four Urban Regeneration Areas using the Concept of &#x201C;Artificial&#x201D; Value Creation 
Abstract:
  Urban planning measures and restructuring policies tend to cause
 unintended increases in house prices. The study compares urban renewal
 areas with respect to such policy impact on housing and neighbourhood
 quality and house prices in two city-contexts: Amsterdam and Budapest. It
 shows how four neighbourhoods that have been subject to various forms of
 urban regeneration differ in their trajectories of house price
 development. The results tie with well-documented, mostly Anglo-American
 experiences of related phenomena such as New Urbanism, Neo-traditional
 communities and gentrification. Furthermore, the study merges two research
 objectives that often are seen as incompatible: housing markets and urban
 regeneration. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 85-107 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2007 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802513963 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802513963 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2007:i:1:p:85-107




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Karien Dekker 
Author-X-Name-First: Karien 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dekker 
Author-Name: Ronald Van Kempen 
Author-X-Name-First: Ronald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Kempen 
Title: Participation, Social Cohesion and the Challenges in the Governance Process: An Analysis of a Post-World War II Neighbourhood in the Netherlands 
Abstract:
  In the past 5 years, several scientific articles have been written on the
 theme of social cohesion in urban neighbourhoods. In most cases this
 literature focuses on the loss of social cohesion in these areas. In
 addition, many problems, such as a declining quality of life, physical
 deterioration, and social isolation have been related to a lack of social
 cohesion. Another set of articles has increased our knowledge on urban
 governance. While this work adds considerably to our general understanding
 of the changing role of the organization of urban social policy and its
 effects on neighbourhoods, there has been little attempt to date to
 analyse how policy-makers experience this relationship. This experience is
 crucial, because it is the basis of policy practice and action. The first
 aim here is therefore to analyse to what extent policy-makers experience
 an effect of participation on social cohesion, although the number of
 participants is relatively low. The empirical findings show that
 policy-makers do experience a positive effect of participation on the
 various dimensions of social cohesion. The second aim of the paper is to
 explain the level of participation by evaluating the governance process.
 The analyses indicate that the policy-makers face challenges related to
 the diversity of the population in the participation process, as well as
 reconciling different needs within decision-making processes. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 109-130 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2007 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802514011 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802514011 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2007:i:1:p:109-130




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Brita Hermelin 
Author-X-Name-First: Brita 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hermelin 
Title: Spatial Strategic Planning in the Stockholm Region&#x2014;Discourses on the Space-economy and Growth Factors 
Abstract:
  This article analyses strategic spatial planning for city regions. The
 analysis uses a strategic development plan for a region as an example and
 is intended to contribute to discussion about the role of politics and the
 state in economic structures and processes. The objective was to define
 the types of discourses in the Stockholm plan. Norman Fairclough's
 (<roman>Analysing Discourse</roman>, New York, Routledge, 2003)
 methodological framework for analysing texts in social research was an
 important source of the study design. The analysis focused on assumptions
 in the text and the compatibility of these with different concepts of
 dynamic development and economic growth in city regions. These concepts
 were city as clusters, city as interconnection, city as milieu and city as
 symbol. Outcomes of the analysis showed that the strategic development
 plan for the Stockholm region stresses large-scale international economic
 activities and specialized cluster activities, but it marginalizes other
 activities. In the context of city regions comprising a multiplicity of
 actors and activities, such a one-sided approach may hinder broad economic
 development. A more nuanced representation of the urban economy in
 strategic planning is called for. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 131-148 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2007 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802514029 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802514029 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2007:i:1:p:131-148




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adolfo Maza 
Author-X-Name-First: Adolfo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maza 
Author-Name: José Villaverde 
Author-X-Name-First: José 
Author-X-Name-Last: Villaverde 
Author-Name: María Hierro 
Author-X-Name-First: María 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hierro 
Title: Regional Productivity Distribution in the European Union: Which are the Influencing Factors? 
Abstract:
  The aim of this paper is to analyse some relevant aspects on productivity
 distribution in the European Union at regional level. Firstly, the paper
 examines its external shape and intra-distribution dynamics. Subsequently,
 an analysis of the factors that might be behind the productivity
 distribution and its dynamics is carried out. The results, represented by
 means of a relatively new visualization tool, highlight the role played by
 factors such as geographical location, compensation per employee and
 investment per employee in explaining this issue. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 149-159 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802514052 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802514052 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:1:p:149-159




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lale Berkoz 
Author-X-Name-First: Lale 
Author-X-Name-Last: Berkoz 
Author-Name: &#x15E;.   &#x15E;ence Turk 
Author-X-Name-First: &#x15E;.   &#x15E;ence 
Author-X-Name-Last: Turk 
Author-Name: &#xD6;mer   L. Kellekci 
Author-X-Name-First: &#xD6;mer   L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kellekci 
Title: Environmental Quality and User Satisfaction in Mass Housing Areas: The Case of Istanbul 
Abstract:
  In a residence environment, housing and housing groups constitute a
 fundamental life space to meet the needs of the residents, to satisfy
 them, and to maintain the overall health of individuals and public.
 Various needs that appear due to the problems caused by housing and
 residence environment situated in a physical, psychological and
 socio-cultural environment together with their surroundings affect
 resident satisfaction and attitude, while directing the overall
 individual/family and public health, happiness and welfare. Most
 researchers argue about and try to determine the residents' needs related
 to their expectations of and satisfaction in housing and residence
 environment, within the framework of basic needs of human beings. In this
 study, in order to assess the factors that improve housing and
 environmental quality satisfaction, the concepts of housing and its
 environment, and the subject of housing and environmental quality
 satisfaction have been investigated; the conceptual model of housing and
 environmental quality satisfaction has been developed, which takes up the
 subject of user satisfaction in housing and environment quality as a
 whole; and the factors to increase the level of satisfaction in housing
 and environmental quality have been specified. A sum of 400 questionnaire
 inquiries has been made in planned mass housing areas in the Istanbul
 Metropolitan Area. Applying factor analysis to the data that have been
 gathered as a result of questionnaire inquiries, the following factors
 have been determined according to their order of importance to increase
 the level of user satisfaction in housing and environmental quality. The
 findings of this study show that, the elements influencing these factor
 groups include accessibility to various function areas in the inhabited
 housing area, environmental features of the housing, satisfaction in the
 various facilities in the inhabited environment, environmental security,
 neighbour relationships, and the appearance of the housing environment. A
 logistic regression model has been made to assess whether there are any
 differences among the factors influencing housing and environmental
 quality satisfaction for mass housing users on location choice (central
 districts and peripheral districts) at the metropolitan level. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 161-174 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802514086 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802514086 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:1:p:161-174




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gareth Rice 
Author-X-Name-First: Gareth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rice 
Title: Book Review 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 175-177 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802514094 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802514094 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:1:p:175-177




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David   A. Wolfe 
Author-X-Name-First: David   A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wolfe 
Title: Introduction: Embedded Clusters in the Global Economy 
Abstract:
  The growing literature on both clusters and regional innovation systems
 highlights the relevance of networks of interrelated firms as key factors
 in the ability to produce innovative new products or processes in a timely
 fashion for global markets. These, and related, bodies of literature
 recognize that in a global marketplace, local input factors and inter-firm
 dynamics are critical to a firm's ability to innovate and thereby gain
 competitive advantage. The key questions that arise from this literature
 concern the way in which local conditions influence or constrain the
 developmental path of individual clusters, the extent to which they are
 grounded in specific local agglomerations of key factors that contribute
 to their growth, the relative influence of local dynamics in stimulating
 the competitive capabilities of the cluster and the extent to which
 external institutional supports in the form of research infrastructure,
 government policy or more intangible associational supports underpin the
 vitality of the local cluster. The papers gathered in this special issue
 synthesize the results of a 5-year study of 26 industrial clusters
 conducted by members of the Innovation Systems Research Network in Canada. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 179-187 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802553407 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802553407 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2008:i:2:p:179-187




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew Lucas 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lucas 
Author-Name: Anita Sands 
Author-X-Name-First: Anita 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sands 
Author-Name: David   A. Wolfe 
Author-X-Name-First: David   A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wolfe 
Title: Regional Clusters in a Global Industry: ICT Clusters in Canada 
Abstract:
  This paper reports the results of a 5-year study of eight information and
 communication technology clusters across Canada. It summarizes the key
 findings from the individual cases and poses several questions: What are
 the critical factors that contributed to the emergence and development of
 the individual clusters in their specific locations? What is the relative
 importance of local versus non-local factors in supporting the overall
 dynamism of the clusters? And what are the most important factors that
 contribute to the ongoing competitiveness of the clusters? In conclusion,
 it summarizes the import of our findings for the cluster literature in
 general and sets out the main policy implications. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 189-209 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802553415 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802553415 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2008:i:2:p:189-209




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John N. H. Britton 
Author-X-Name-First: John N. H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Britton 
Author-Name: Diane-Gabrielle Tremblay 
Author-X-Name-First: Diane-Gabrielle 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tremblay 
Author-Name: Richard Smith 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith 
Title: Contrasts in Clustering: The Example of Canadian New Media 
Abstract:
  New media is part of the new information economy, and its roots lie in
 computer graphics and in creative specialized services used in motion
 picture production, advertising, and other programming especially for
 television. This paper examines the similarities and differences between
 Canada's three new media concentrations in the metropolitan centres of
 Vancouver, Toronto, and Montreal. It investigates whether the industry
 emerged from similar activities and whether differences in the pattern of
 development in each region explain contemporary new media activities. It
 evaluates differences in local market opportunities and whether local
 specializations have emerged. The third focus is on the predominance of
 small firms in new media and whether there are differences in the social
 foundations of production. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 211-234 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802553456 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802553456 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2008:i:2:p:211-234




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Meric   S. Gertler 
Author-X-Name-First: Meric   S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gertler 
Author-Name: Tara Vinodrai 
Author-X-Name-First: Tara 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vinodrai 
Title: Life Sciences and Regional Innovation: One Path or Many? 
Abstract:
  Despite the widespread interest of national, regional and local
 governments in promoting their own biotechnology industry, it is now well
 known that this sector exhibits characteristically high levels of
 geographical clustering in a relatively small number of locations.
 However, what is less well understood is how these regions have emerged
 and evolved through time. While there is a tendency to conceive of the
 necessary and sufficient conditions in fairly universal and formulaic
 terms&#x2014;strong research universities with leading medical schools, a
 well-developed local venture capital industry, and a deep labour market in
 highly skilled scientific occupations are factors that are most commonly
 emphasized&#x2014;we contend that the evolutionary pathways followed by
 individual regions with successful life science sectors are far from
 identical. Differences in local historical, geographical and institutional
 conditions are likely to shape and constrain the subsequent actual
 evolution of life science industries in particular places in distinctive
 ways. In this paper, we examine this issue through the lens of a national,
 5 years, collaborative research initiative analyzing cluster development
 and evolution in Canada. We present findings from the study of life
 science industries in Canada's three largest city regions (Montreal,
 Toronto and Vancouver), as well as in three smaller city regions (Ottawa,
 Saskatoon and Halifax). Despite the conventional wisdom that public and
 private research institutions determine the trajectory of life sciences
 cluster development, our research suggests that a multiplicity of
 institutional and non-institutional actors, alongside background regional
 conditions and chance events, provide the impetus for cluster emergence
 and growth. We find that regional-scale policy interventions within an
 overarching national institutional framework have both intended and
 unintended consequences in helping determine the shape and nature of each
 region's life science clusters. Finally, we find that both local and
 non-local sources of knowledge are important to sustaining growth,
 innovation and dynamism within life science clusters. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 235-261 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802553514 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802553514 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2008:i:2:p:235-261




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Betsy Donald 
Author-X-Name-First: Betsy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Donald 
Title: Contested Notions of Quality in a Buyer-Driven Commodity Cluster: The Case of Food and Wine in Canada 
Abstract:
  In this paper, I examine how different notions of &#x201C;quality&#x201D;
 are used to shape the direction of a food and wine cluster. In particular,
 I explore the powerful role of the retailer--distributor in shaping that
 direction. The retailer--distributor can be either public or private, but
 ultimately plays a significant role in shaping the food and wine supply
 chain. &#x201C;Alternative&#x201D; quality-claiming retail and
 distribution venues have exploded in numbers recently (i.e. farmers
 markets, internet sellers, community supportive agriculture and direct
 tourist-inspired farm-gate sales). However, like Goodman (2004, Rural
 Europe redux? Reflections on alternative agro-food networks and paradigm
 change, Sociologia Ruralis, 44(1), pp. 3--16), I argue for a more modest
 estimation of their &#x201C;paradigmatic potential&#x201D; to shape the
 future &#x201C;quality&#x201D; direction of food and wine clusters in
 Canada&#x2014;especially as the larger food and wine retail-distributors
 continue to dominate the food and wine supply system. That said, given the
 political and social tensions surrounding the public regulation of food,
 there is still room for the growth of more localized
 &#x201C;quality&#x201D;-based agro-food-wine clusters if policymakers deem
 them important to grow. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 263-280 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802553522 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802553522 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2008:i:2:p:263-280




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Warrian 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Warrian 
Author-Name: Celine Mulhern 
Author-X-Name-First: Celine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mulhern 
Title: From Metal Bashing to Materials Science and Services: Advanced Manufacturing and Mining Clusters in Transition 
Abstract:
  Pressures to innovate and sustain competitive advantage in global markets
 are shifting the structure of advanced manufacturing industries towards a
 pattern typical of nimbler, high technology clusters. Industries that have
 historically been structured through vertical supply chains and
 internalized R&D are adopting a clustered pattern of industrial
 organization, characterized by regional concentrations of networked
 suppliers, inter-firm learning and a decentralized and flattened
 production chain. This paper synthesizes the findings on innovation and
 learning in six industrial clusters in advanced manufacturing and mining
 sectors, as they face the challenge of making the transition from one form
 of industrial production to another. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 281-301 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802553548 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802553548 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2008:i:2:p:281-301




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hugo Pinto 
Author-X-Name-First: Hugo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pinto 
Title: The Diversity of Innovation in the European Union: Mapping Latent Dimensions and Regional Profiles 
Abstract:
  Regional innovation systems are a relevant approach when analysing
 territories from either a theoretical or an operational point of view. In
 the last few years, the development of several different comparisons of
 innovative profiles of sub-national level demonstrates the interest in
 this paradigm. The article proposes, through an analysis of 175 regions, a
 typology of regional innovative profiles to understand the diversity of
 innovation in the European Union. Multivariate statistics were used to
 find the dimensions underlying the innovation phenomena and to create
 homogenous groups of regions that display similar profiles. First,
 Factorial Analysis was used to reduce regional indicators to their latent
 dimensions (Technological Innovation, Human Capital, Economic Structure
 and Labour Market Availability). Second, a hierarchical analysis of
 clusters was undertaken, resulting in five groupings of regions
 (Disadvantaged Regions, Average Regions, Central Regions, Large Economic
 Centres and Innovating Regions). The results of the study are compared
 with other relevant analyses and some consensual ideas are achieved.
 Physical proximity still has a relevant impact on innovation processes.
 The planning and policy-making of innovation must take into account this
 profile diversity and should originate actions adapted to each specific
 context. With a political agenda such as Lisbon's, which intends to create
 a competitive territory, the focus on an indicator such as gross domestic
 product is extremely inadequate for fundamental decisions related to
 financing regional policy. More meaningful analysis like the one carried
 out in the article could be an example to evaluate future regional budgets
 in terms of European regional policy. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 303-326 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802553571 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802553571 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:2:p:303-326




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: E. Yaslioglu 
Author-X-Name-First: E. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yaslioglu 
Author-Name: S.   T. Akkaya Aslan 
Author-X-Name-First: S.   T. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Akkaya Aslan 
Author-Name: M. Kirmikil 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kirmikil 
Author-Name: K.   S. Gundogdu 
Author-X-Name-First: K.   S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gundogdu 
Author-Name: I. Arici 
Author-X-Name-First: I. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Arici 
Title: Changes in Farm Management and Agricultural Activities and Their Effect on Farmers' Satisfaction from Land Consolidation: The Case of Bursa--Karacabey, Turkey 
Abstract:
  In Turkey, the scattered, fragmented plots in agricultural areas are one
 of the major problems preventing agricultural efficiency. Land
 consolidation is an effective tool in improving efficiency, but the
 success depends greatly on farmers' satisfaction and adoption. Therefore,
 determination of issues important to farmers can positively influence
 future land consolidation projects. As such, land consolidation studies
 must be accelerated and extended nationwide in countries where land
 fragmentation is common and rural development is essential. This study
 determined the effects of changes in farm structures and agricultural
 activities on satisfaction with land consolidation. Nine villages in the
 Bursa--Karacabey (Turkey) plain irrigation area were selected as study
 sites, and the logit model was used to analyse survey data including 190
 respondents. Our results indicate that farmers' age (AGE), easiness in
 crop pattern planning (CRPT), reduction in distance between farmstead
 centre and plots (DFCP), reduction in time consumed in accessing the plots
 (TIMES) and improvement in working conditions in the fields (WORC)
 significantly affected the satisfaction with land consolidation. All of
 these factors except farmers' age (AGE) are related to consolidation of
 scattered, fragmented and tiny parcels into larger plots with suitable
 shape and size for agriculture. Consolidation also increased production
 and further improved working conditions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 327-340 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802553639 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802553639 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:2:p:327-340




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Phil Cooke 
Author-X-Name-First: Phil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke 
Title: Towards New Nordic Regions: Politics, Administration & Regional Development 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 341-343 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802553654 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802553654 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:2:p:341-343




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mikel Olazaran 
Author-X-Name-First: Mikel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Olazaran 
Author-Name: Eneka Albizu 
Author-X-Name-First: Eneka 
Author-X-Name-Last: Albizu 
Author-Name: Beatriz Otero 
Author-X-Name-First: Beatriz 
Author-X-Name-Last: Otero 
Title: Technology Transfer between Technology Centres and SMEs: Evidence from the Basque Country 
Abstract:
  Public policies (often at the regional level) favouring pre-competitive
 research and cooperative research and development have played a decisive
 role in the development of technology centres in Europe and all over the
 world. The technology offer model gave priority to the creation of
 technology transfer organizations and structures, but there is increasing
 evidence that this model did not attach enough attention to the needs of
 small- and medium-sized companies (SMEs) and in particular, to their
 capacity to take in knowledge. In this paper, based on qualitative
 research, we show in detail some of the main issues involved in the
 relationships between technology centres and SMEs in the Basque Country, a
 region that has developed intensive policies favouring technology transfer
 organizations over the years. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 345-363 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2007 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802618010 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802618010 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2007:i:3:p:345-363




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: José   M. Díaz-Puente 
Author-X-Name-First: José   M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Díaz-Puente 
Author-Name: Adolfo Cazorla 
Author-X-Name-First: Adolfo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cazorla 
Author-Name: Ignacio de los Ríos 
Author-X-Name-First: Ignacio 
Author-X-Name-Last: de los Ríos 
Title: Policy Support for the Diffusion of Innovation among SMEs: An Evaluation Study in the Spanish Region of Madrid 
Abstract:
  Innovation is increasingly supported by public authority action focused
 on regions and small and medium enterprises (SMEs). In this line, the
 region of Madrid launched a programme to create Technology Diffusion
 Centres (TDCs) in order to promote innovation culture among the SMEs of
 the region. This article analyses the nature of innovation activities in
 these firms, and the achievements of the TDCs through their work with
 them. Different types of TDCs are compared according to the approach they
 applied and the agent to which they were linked. Ten indicators were used
 to examine the degree of embeddedness and performance of the different
 TDCs among the SMEs. Results show that a sectoral approach in conjunction
 with links to business association is the best option for the TDCs in
 urban and industrial areas. However, in the peripheral or less favourable
 areas, such as rural ones, a territorial approach in conjunction with
 links to local entities is the most effective alternative. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 365-387 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2007 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802618028 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802618028 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2007:i:3:p:365-387




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Salvador Pérez-Moreno 
Author-X-Name-First: Salvador 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pérez-Moreno 
Title: An Assessment of the Causal Relationship between Growth and Inequality in Spanish Regions 
Abstract:
  This paper analyses the causal relationship between economic growth and
 income inequality in Spanish regions from 1970 to 2000. We examine such a
 relationship using a panel of data with four time observations on the
 level variables for each region. Thus, we use a modified form of
 traditional Granger causality tests to suit the short times series that
 are available. Applying a sum--difference test, we conclude that the
 empirical evidence supports the hypothesis that gross domestic product
 (GDP) per capita growth in Spanish regions leads to less income
 inequality, rather than any other possible causal relationship. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 389-400 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2007 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802625296 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802625296 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2007:i:3:p:389-400




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Deborah Peel 
Author-X-Name-First: Deborah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Peel 
Author-Name: Greg Lloyd 
Author-X-Name-First: Greg 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lloyd 
Author-Name: Alex Lord 
Author-X-Name-First: Alex 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lord 
Title: Business Improvement Districts and the Discourse of Contractualism 
Abstract:
  Business improvement districts (BIDs) are increasingly being advanced in
 a range of national contexts as a new delivery mechanism for securing
 improvement, regeneration and enhanced service delivery in specifically
 delineated districts. This paper considers BIDs as an example of a modern
 institutional design that is reconfiguring existing economic and legal
 regimes within town centres. Drawing on the theories of new institutional
 economics and transaction costs, the paper discusses how the contractual
 turn in urban governance advances our conceptual understanding of the
 rationale, scope and significance of partnership working. The discussion
 brings together emerging literatures around new ways of understanding
 partnership working in government thinking. It contrasts the advocacy and
 use of BIDs with the (previously established) practices of town centre
 management. It asserts that BIDs represent a new form of formalized and
 contractualized partnership working in sub-municipal governance, which has
 particular spatio-temporal implications for state--market--civil
 relations. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 401-422 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2007 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802618044 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802618044 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tiit Tammaru 
Author-X-Name-First: Tiit 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tammaru 
Author-Name: Kadri Leetmaa 
Author-X-Name-First: Kadri 
Author-X-Name-Last: Leetmaa 
Author-Name: Siiri Silm 
Author-X-Name-First: Siiri 
Author-X-Name-Last: Silm 
Author-Name: Rein Ahas 
Author-X-Name-First: Rein 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahas 
Title: Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of the New Residential Areas around Tallinn 
Abstract:
  New housing construction is the most visible manifestation of the rapid
 suburbanization process taking place in the former centrally planned
 countries of Central Eastern Europe. This paper analyses residential
 housing construction around Tallinn, the capital city of Estonia, in the
 period 1991--2005. Our data comes from the New Residential Area Survey
 that was carried out in 2006. The main results of the study reveal that
 housing construction was modest in the 1990s, but grew rapidly in the
 2000s. In comparison with the Soviet period, private interest led new
 housing construction to take place in areas closer to Tallinn that were
 earlier reserved for other functions; that is former agricultural and
 coastal (often military) areas. Instead of the sprawl of detached housing
 further away from the capital city seen over time, we find increasing
 in-fills and multifamily housing construction in the 2000s around Tallinn.
 This leads to changes both in the internal structure (small but merging
 settlements close to Tallinn are different from the Soviet time compact
 settlements located all over the rural areas) and functioning (increase in
 daily commuting) of the metropolitan area. We argue that the transition
 period ends in the housing market when a new and better balance between
 public and private interests emerges in Estonia like in Western Europe. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 423-439 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2007 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802618077 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802618077 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2007:i:3:p:423-439




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Murray 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Murray 
Author-Name: John Greer 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Greer 
Author-Name: David Houston 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Houston 
Author-Name: Stephen McKay 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: McKay 
Author-Name: Brendan Murtagh 
Author-X-Name-First: Brendan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Murtagh 
Title: Bridging Top Down and Bottom Up: Modelling Community Preferences for a Dispersed Rural Settlement Pattern 
Abstract:
  This paper explores the scope to bridge top-down and bottom-up
 perspectives on spatial planning by drawing on EU-funded action research
 in relation to rural settlement planning in Northern Ireland. The
 empirical work is located within a review of planning theory that exposes
 a long running tension between the technocratic stances of government
 planners and the aspirations of engaged citizens. It demonstrates the
 operation of a large group planning methodology that delivers community
 preference with environmental responsibility as a participatory input into
 planning policy formulation. Transferable insights into the dynamics of
 spatial planning are identified. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 441-462 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2007 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802618101 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802618101 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2007:i:3:p:441-462




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David   B. Audretsch 
Author-X-Name-First: David   B. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Audretsch 
Author-Name: Heike   M. Grimm 
Author-X-Name-First: Heike   M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grimm 
Author-Name: Stephan Schuetze 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schuetze 
Title: Local Strategies within a European Policy Framework 
Abstract:
  This article discusses the Lisbon Agenda from the perspective of
 entrepreneurship policy. After a brief overview of the events leading up
 to the development of the Lisbon Agenda, the authors describe the goals
 and content of this policy framework as well as of the structural funds.
 Using examples of initiatives towards implementation at the local level,
 the authors illustrate the necessity to promote entrepreneurship in order
 to foster economic growth in communities and regions. We assess how the
 new European growth policy became translated into an action plan realized
 through structural funds and community initiatives and demonstrate that a
 greater focus on entrepreneurship policy could strengthen the Lisbon
 Strategy and aid in the achievement of its goals. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 463-486 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802618119 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802618119 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:3:p:463-486




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fumi Kitagawa 
Author-X-Name-First: Fumi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kitagawa 
Title: Creating Critical Mass of Research Excellence in the Region: The Case of Scottish Research Pooling Initiatives 
Abstract:
  This article examines the recent development of, and policy rationale for
 &#x201C;research pooling&#x201D; initiatives in Scotland. Research pooling
 initiatives have been started with financial support from the Scottish
 Funding Council in order to form inter-organizational
 &#x201C;international critical mass&#x201D; of research excellence at
 universities at the regional level. This article examines the development
 of university cooperations at the regional level as vehicles for obtaining
 &#x201C;strategic resources&#x201D;. Then the &#x201C;multi-level
 governance&#x201D; structure of research pooling is explored in light of
 the future development of a Scottish regional innovation system (RIS).
 Particular attention is drawn to challenges concerning knowledge transfer,
 which is critical in integrating research pooling initiatives in the
 development of RIS in Scotland. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 487-495 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802618127 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802618127 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:3:p:487-495




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Phil Cooke 
Author-X-Name-First: Phil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke 
Title: The Use of Future-Oriented Knowledge in Regional Innovation Processes: Research on Knowledge Generation, Transfer & Conversion 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 497-499 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802618143 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802618143 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:3:p:497-499




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tone Haraldsen 
Author-X-Name-First: Tone 
Author-X-Name-Last: Haraldsen 
Author-Name: Arne Isaksen 
Author-X-Name-First: Arne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Isaksen 
Title: Regional Resources, Global Knowledge Networks, and Innovation Policy: Special Issue in Honour of Bj&#xF8;rn Asheim 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 501-504 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802682057 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802682057 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:4:p:501-504




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fiorenza Belussi 
Author-X-Name-First: Fiorenza 
Author-X-Name-Last: Belussi 
Author-Name: Silvia   Rita Sedita 
Author-X-Name-First: Silvia   Rita 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sedita 
Title: Life Cycle vs. Multiple Path Dependency in Industrial Districts 
Abstract:
  The aim of this article is to shed light on the evolutionary process of
 industrial districts (IDs), evaluating the role of path dependence in
 their growth trajectories. We intend here to identify the districts' life
 cycles and the factors that influence the origin, development and maturity
 stages. Following an evolutionary economics approach, we investigated the
 path-dependence mechanism behind the evolution of IDs. By adopting a
 qualitative meta-study approach, the paper shows how different IDs have
 changed over time and how their growth pattern is partially determined by
 initial conditions and by heterogeneous capabilities cultivated by
 district firms. The analysis is applied to 12 case studies of Italian IDs
 developed in the literature, following the model of qualitative
 meta-analysis for theory building. The results provided add new insights
 to the present literature on evolutionary geography by indicating some key
 triggering factors. Our contribution shows that instead of a standardized
 life cycle, Italian IDs follow a multiple growth pattern in their
 development. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 505-528 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802682065 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802682065 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Atle Hauge 
Author-X-Name-First: Atle 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hauge 
Author-Name: Anders Malmberg 
Author-X-Name-First: Anders 
Author-X-Name-Last: Malmberg 
Author-Name: Dominic Power 
Author-X-Name-First: Dominic 
Author-X-Name-Last: Power 
Title: The Spaces and Places of Swedish Fashion 
Abstract:
  Fashion companies are involved not only in producing material commodities
 (clothes), but also in the parallel production of ideas (fashion). The
 consistent use of outsourcing in the fashion industry means that material
 production is constantly on the move to low-cost locations. Still
 high-cost countries have managed to retain a sizable presence in the world
 of fashion. For firms in such countries, the creation of value and
 profitability commonly rests on the ability to produce innovative design,
 brand value, efficient marketing channels, logistics and distribution.
 Sweden, for instance, plays host to a range of fashion firms: from the
 multinational giant Hennes & Mauritz to small innovative designers. This
 creates an interesting strategic problem for firms: why root knowledge
 intensive functions in Sweden when customers are mainly found in distant
 export markets? What localized knowledge processes, networks and other
 factors make these firms keep their home base in Sweden? The article
 suggests that both spatial proximity and the role of place are important
 to answering these questions. In conclusion, three main findings are
 discussed: that the Swedish fashion cluster is not based on high-tech but
 it is nevertheless knowledge intensive; that fashion has a multifaceted
 relationship with space and is produced under conditions simultaneously
 characterized by both localization and globalization; that place does play
 a distinct role in processes of fashion branding and more generally in the
 creation of immaterial value. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 529-547 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802682073 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802682073 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Cooke 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke 
Author-Name: Oliver Ehret 
Author-X-Name-First: Oliver 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ehret 
Title: Proximity and Procurement: A Study of Agglomeration in the Welsh Aerospace Industry 
Abstract:
  The notion that knowledge and skills are at the heart of innovation and
 competitiveness has become widely accepted by spatial academics and
 policy-makers. The role that knowledge and skills play in aerospace has
 only been examined by few accounts, however, and outsourcing as a key
 feature has hardly been studied. Hence, this article investigates how and
 to what extent knowledge and skills influence the outsourcing decisions of
 the aerospace industry, located in two agglomerations, in Wales. It
 emerges that the availability of technological capabilities and
 competencies is indeed the key to understanding outsourcing decisions.
 Airbus compensates for its own knowledge deficits through outsourcing to
 benefit from suppliers' enhanced expertise. The availability of
 well-developed skills is crucial to the success of the Airbus supply chain
 and other aerospace firms. Although skilled companies perform well today,
 challenges from future technologies must be addressed to remain
 competitive. An overdue upgrading of knowledge and skills, if met,
 promises to improve the competitive position of Welsh aerospace. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 549-567 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802682115 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802682115 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2008:i:4:p:549-567




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arne Isaksen 
Author-X-Name-First: Arne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Isaksen 
Author-Name: Bo   Terje Kalsaas 
Author-X-Name-First: Bo   Terje 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kalsaas 
Title: Suppliers and Strategies for Upgrading in Global Production Networks: The Case of a Supplier to the Global Automotive Industry in a High-cost Location 
Abstract:
  The paper analyses the possibilities for a Norwegian supplier
 incorporated into global production networks in the automotive industry to
 perform knowledge upgrading and innovation activity. A consistent finding
 is that different departments of the supplier are parts of different types
 of global network. The serial production of the supplier is distinguished
 by quasi-hierarchical governance by customers and by lean forms of work
 organization in the production that stimulate continuous, incremental
 upgrading of the production process. The development department has
 network relations with customers and learning forms of work organization,
 which triggers production and functional upgrading. The learning and
 innovation capacity of the supplier builds on its long tradition as a
 producer for the global automotive industry, on its location in a regional
 cluster with strong industrial traditions and on its involvement in a
 strong Norwegian &#x201C;aluminium innovation system&#x201D;. The
 supplier's capability complements the strategic needs of global automotive
 firms and contributes to embedding the supplier in a high-cost location. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 569-585 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802682131 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802682131 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2008:i:4:p:569-585




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lars Coenen 
Author-X-Name-First: Lars 
Author-X-Name-Last: Coenen 
Author-Name: Jerker Moodysson 
Author-X-Name-First: Jerker 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moodysson 
Title: Putting Constructed Regional Advantage into Swedish Practice 
Abstract:
  This paper presents a study of the pre-history and evolution of a
 regional innovation system initiative supporting activities at the
 intersection of traditional food production and modern biotechnology.
 Drawing on established ideas on the triple helix of industry, university
 and government and its impact on innovative capacity (as they are
 formulated in the regional innovation systems approach) and more recently
 introduced ideas on &#x201C;differentiated industrial knowledge
 bases&#x201D;, the study illustrates how regional innovation system
 support initiatives are formulated and implemented in close dialogue with
 the actors and activities constituting the systems under support. The
 initiative analysed in this paper is a good example of pro-active and
 fine-tuned regional innovation policy, referred to as &#x201C;constructed
 regional advantage&#x201D;. By focusing on an initiative targeting the
 renewal of a mature industry in a declining phase of its life cycle, the
 paper fills a gap in the literature which so far has dealt mostly with
 emerging industries at the start of their life cycle. Two innovation
 trajectories that contributed to the formulation of the initiative, and
 now benefits from it, are used to illustrate the arguments. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 587-604 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802682180 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802682180 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2008:i:4:p:587-604




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Heikki Eskelinen 
Author-X-Name-First: Heikki 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eskelinen 
Author-Name: Matti Fritsch 
Author-X-Name-First: Matti 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fritsch 
Title: Polycentricity in the North-eastern Periphery of the EU Territory 
Abstract:
  Polycentricity, a key element of the European Spatial Development
 Perspective, has become an increasingly dominant concept in
 supra-national, national and regional spatial planning activities.
 However, the concept's fuzzy and imprecise nature opens doors for it to be
 used in widely different ways, in diverse contexts and by different
 professional communities such as researchers, planners and policy-makers.
 This article investigates the process of adoption of polycentricity at the
 level of an individual country, Finland, and explores its spatial
 characteristics and development in terms of an interpretive framework
 informed by the notion of polycentricity. The initial focus is on the
 theoretical foundations of the concept of polycentricity and its status as
 a transdiscursive boundary concept between research and policy-making.
 This is followed by a review of Finnish and European interpretations of
 polycentricity as an example of how adaptations to prevailing spatial and
 institutional conditions are reflected in the process of Europeanization
 of spatial planning at the level of individual countries. After clarifying
 the potential for, and challenges of, a polycentricity-based strategy in
 more empirical terms, using eastern Finland as a case in point, the
 article concludes with an assessment of the suitability of a
 polycentricity-based strategy for Finnish conditions, and highlights the
 findings' implications for a European-wide spatial strategy. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 605-619 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802682206 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802682206 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:4:p:605-619




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Evren Ozus 
Author-X-Name-First: Evren 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ozus 
Title: Determinants of Office Rents in the Istanbul Metropolitan Area 
Abstract:
  From the 1980s onwards, restructuring of economy and globalization has
 increased the number and size of companies in Istanbul and demand for
 office space accordingly. Indeed, Istanbul has become an attractive
 location for the international business firms due to its strategic
 location between Europe and Asia. Since the old CBD did not have
 sufficient space for the modern office building, multi-centre developments
 in Istanbul with different locational and physical characteristics were
 established. This study investigates the factors which effect office rents
 by the use of hedonic price analysis. According to the results of the
 analysis, the number of floors of the buildings is the most important
 factor to affect office rents. Other factors according to their importance
 are as follows: vacancy rate in the vicinity, social facilities in the
 buildings, aesthetics of the buildings, rental office floor, banks in the
 vicinity, and accessibility. On the other hand, management cost, age, view
 and distances to the old CBD and the major highways are not fund
 significant since these sub-centers are already located on major highways.
 The results of the study can be useful for the investors, real estate
 agents, urban planners, architects and policy makers. For further
 research, time series analysis of office rents is suggested. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 621-633 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902811598 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902811598 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:4:p:621-633




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Phil Cooke 
Author-X-Name-First: Phil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke 
Title: The Evolution of a Creative Industry: The Industrial Dynamics and Spatial Evolution of the Global Fashion Design Industry 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 635-637 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802682222 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802682222 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:4:p:635-637




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roberta Capello 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Capello 
Title: Spatial Spillovers and Regional Growth: A Cognitive Approach 
Abstract:
  Spatial spillover effects are widely studied in the literature, as an
 important source of externality and therefore of discrepancy between
 private and social optimum, creating the emergence for ad-hoc policy
 interventions. Within the literature, their spatially-bounded nature is
 highly emphasised, but the mechanisms for their spatial diffusion are
 generally considered as a black box, with no reference to territorialized
 channels through which these externalities spread around. The study aims
 to present a literature review on the spatial spillover concept,
 emphasising two main stages of reflection, the so-called spatial approach
 and the functional approach. This work identifies in a third approach, the
 <italic>cognitive approach</italic>, a new perspective to the
 interpretation of spatial spillovers and their conditions, and on this
 approach it elaborates theoretically and empirically. The main assumption
 is that the capabilities of economic agents to absorb and utilize
 spillovers&#x2014;implicitly assumed by the spatial spillover theory to be
 invariant with respect to space&#x2014;in reality highly depend on
 strongly territorialized and un-imitable assets, such as local trust,
 sense of belonging and creativity. This assumption is tested empirically
 on all NUTS 2 of the 27 European member countries, thanks to a regional
 forecasting growth model developed by the author, called MASST. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 639-658 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2007 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902778045 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902778045 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2007:i:5:p:639-658




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dylan Jones-Evans 
Author-X-Name-First: Dylan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones-Evans 
Author-Name: Piers Thompson 
Author-X-Name-First: Piers 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thompson 
Title: The Spatial Dispersion of Informal Investment at a Regional Level: Evidence from the UK 
Abstract:
  Although there have been various studies on the geographical
 specialization of venture capital in the UK, there remains a gap in the
 research on regional differences in the behaviour of those informal
 investors who make a significant contribution to the funding of
 entrepreneurial ventures. Utilizing a unique data set from the Global
 Entrepreneurship Monitor project, this study will estimate the level of
 informal investment activity across the different regions of the UK. The
 relationship between informal investment and early stage formal venture
 capital availability is also examined to determine which areas display the
 greatest funding gaps in the provision of equity finance. It shows that
 while formal and informal investments are heavily concentrated in highly
 prosperous areas such as London and the South East of England, informal
 investments make a larger relative contribution to early stage and
 expansion equity capital within poorer regions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 659-675 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902782138 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902782138 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2008:i:5:p:659-675




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Booth 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Booth 
Title: Planning and the Culture of Governance: Local Institutions and Reform in France 
Abstract:
  Legislation introducing major reform of the French planning system is now
 6 years old. It was intentionally seen as part of a trio of reforming
 statutes that linked spatial planning to institutional reform of local
 government. Taking as its starting point, the idea that planning is
 inevitably an embedded activity, it explores the relationship between
 institutional reform and the reform of planning in France generally, and
 then more specifically in the <italic>Région urbaine de Lyon</italic>. It
 concludes that the search for greater simplicity and clarity is not borne
 out by results on the ground. The French case demonstrates that the
 success or failure of planning reform is intimately linked to the nature
 of local government. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 677-695 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2007 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902778060 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902778060 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elizabeth   L. Sweet 
Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth   L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sweet 
Title: Ethnographic Understandings of Gender and Economic Transition in Siberia: Implications for Planners and Policy Makers 
Abstract:
  Economic transition has been defined by neo-liberal restructuring
 policies and understandings. Using ethnographic data from Omsk, Russia, I
 examine structural adjustment policy implementation in the context of
 socially constructed gender norms. These policies have complicated
 implications for women and men's economic survival. The ethnographic
 understandings gained from interviews with women provide vital information
 that would improve planning processes in Omsk. For example, using an
 economic gardening approach to support women's small business development
 and workforce development targeting survivors of violence would advance
 women's economic self-sufficiency. I suggest that if planners use
 ethnographic understandings they will be able to more effectively respond
 to planning challenges such as poverty, education and health care issues. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 697-713 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902778102 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902778102 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Beser   Oktay Vehbi 
Author-X-Name-First: Beser   Oktay 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vehbi 
Author-Name: &#x15E;ebnem   &#xD6;nal Ho&#x15F;kara 
Author-X-Name-First: &#x15E;ebnem   &#xD6;nal 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ho&#x15F;kara 
Title: A Model for Measuring the Sustainability Level of Historic Urban Quarters 
Abstract:
  The main aim of this paper is to propose a model for measuring the
 sustainability level of historic urban quarters and to indicate an
 appropriate strategy for their revitalization. Based on this aim, this
 study first presents the theoretical review on the concept of
 &#x201C;revitalization&#x201D;, and its relationship with sustainability;
 next, it introduces the characteristics, role, selection process and
 scaling method of sustainability indicators, which are essential for
 measuring the level of sustainability. The paper then, as the main
 contribution of this paper, proposes the model for measuring the level of
 sustainability in historic urban quarters and determines some proposals to
 achieve revitalized and sustainable historic urban quarters. Depending on
 the proposed model, there is a direct relationship between type and the
 level of obsolescence (revitalization) and the level of sustainability in
 the physical, economic and social structures of a particular area.
 Therefore, when the level of sustainability is high in any one of these
 three structures, it means that the level of obsolescence is low in the
 same structures of an historic urban quarter. The result of this paper
 leads us to say that, the level of sustainability is a new (additional)
 input in the strategic planning process of revitalization and sustainable
 urban revitalization of historic urban quarters. Finally, the paper
 concludes with a brief summary on the general arguments of the paper. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 715-739 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902778201 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902778201 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ipek   Ozbek Sonmez 
Author-X-Name-First: Ipek   Ozbek 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sonmez 
Title: Re-emergence of Suburbia: The Case of Izmir Turkey 
Abstract:
  In Turkey, suburbia has become a subject of debates since the 1990s
 relative to the reconfiguration of urban environments due to transnational
 economic relations, formation of new upper income groups, social
 polarization and changing consumption habits. With the help of a case
 study in the city of Izmir, this paper examines the extent of
 suburbanization in Turkey in relation to the theoretical works about this
 subject. The studies have shown that the emergence of suburbia in Izmir
 goes back to the periods of integration to the capitalist economy during
 the seventeenth century. Meanwhile, the Anglo-Saxon type suburbia in Izmir
 has reemerged especially in the recent decades and along the motorways to
 the city. However, this paper claims that these areas are not fully
 established in the case of Izmir due to costs of suburban life and lack of
 social and infrastructural facilities. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 741-763 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2007 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310802674526 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310802674526 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hans-Martin Zademach 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans-Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zademach 
Author-Name: Andrés Rodríguez-Pose 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrés 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodríguez-Pose 
Title: Cross-Border M&As and the Changing Economic Geography of Europe 
Abstract:
  This study investigates the patterns of corporate mergers and
 acquisitions (M&As) involving firms located in the EU25 as well as in the
 four EFTA countries between 1998 and 2003. Against the background of a
 reflection on the concept of the firm in economic geography, it uncovers
 the cross-border balance of M&As across European states and identifies the
 factors that may explain the levels and patterns of corporate takeovers
 across Europe. The results indicate that the traditional motives of access
 to new and core markets, the effects of geographical proximity, and the
 internalisation of localised capabilities (proxied by a skilled and
 innovative labour pool) represent the key drivers of European M&As, while
 institutional factors, such as European integration or language barriers,
 appear to be less influential. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 765-789 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902778276 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902778276 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2008:i:5:p:765-789




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francisco   Martínez Mora 
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco   Martínez 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mora 
Author-Name: Francisco   Javier S&#xE1;ez-Fern&#xE1;ndez 
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco   Javier 
Author-X-Name-Last: S&#xE1;ez-Fern&#xE1;ndez 
Title: An Empirical Enquiry into the Impact of Urban Planning Policy on Urban Growth 
Abstract:
  Recent research has stressed the need to evaluate the economic
 implications of urban planning policy. In this article, we present
 empirical evidence on the impact of this policy on the population growth
 of towns and cities. A simple theoretical model serves to highlight the
 mechanisms whereby this policy may affect urban growth. The model yields a
 reduced-form equation which we estimate for the towns and cities of
 Andalusia (Spain). The empirical model strongly supports the claim that
 urban planning policy considerably affects urban growth and thus, the
 distribution of population across space. Our results suggest that urban
 planning policy is contributing to the reduction of diseconomies of
 agglomeration in larger cities. On the negative side, we find that urban
 plans are subject to obsolescence, which slows down growth. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 791-811 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902778300 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902778300 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Hassink 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hassink 
Title: Local and Regional Development 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 813-815 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902778334 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902778334 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anne Lorentzen 
Author-X-Name-First: Anne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lorentzen 
Author-Name: Carsten   Jahn Hansen 
Author-X-Name-First: Carsten   Jahn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen 
Title: The Role and Transformation of the City in the Experience Economy: Identifying and Exploring Research Challenges 
Abstract:
  The article introduces the special issue on the role and transformation
 of the city in the experience economy and raises some research issues. The
 issue focuses on the transformative aspects that can be identified in
 relation to experience oriented planning and development. We show how
 experience economy is much related with affluence and the growth of
 leisure demand, and that place has a particular role to play in terms of
 amenities, narratives and identities. Places, and in particular cities,
 undergo development or commodification to attract leisure consumers, which
 are increasingly mobile. Both urban systems (the relative position and
 role of cities) and urban structures (the city fabric) change in the
 experience economy, and so does means and ends of planning, which can be
 seen to be increasingly entrepreneurial and stakeholder based. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 817-827 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902793978 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902793978 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2008:i:6:p:817-827




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anne Lorentzen 
Author-X-Name-First: Anne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lorentzen 
Title: Cities in the Experience Economy 
Abstract:
  This article addresses the opportunities of cities, big and small, in the
 experience economy. It proposes an understanding of &#x201C;experience
 economy&#x201D;, which encompasses not only entertainment and culture, but
 also services and places. To territorial development, the most interesting
 kind of experience consumption is the one co-located with its production.
 It is interesting because it invites people to stay and spend their money,
 either as residents or as tourists. Art and culture is known to cluster,
 and in big cities, the variety of the experience offer is an attraction in
 itself. Nevertheless, small cities embark on experience-based strategies,
 for example, related to events and branding. The article develops a
 theoretical framework that unfolds the territorial aspects of the
 experience economy. It does so in a comparative perspective, with a view
 to earlier (and coexisting paradigms), namely the industrial and the
 knowledge economy. Based on literature review it analyses the location
 patterns, the role of globalization, the changing governance forms and the
 mobility patterns, the latter being of utmost importance to the
 development of experience-based activities on the global market. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 829-845 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902793986 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902793986 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: S&#xF8;ren Smidt-Jensen 
Author-X-Name-First: S&#xF8;ren 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smidt-Jensen 
Author-Name: Christine   Benna Skytt 
Author-X-Name-First: Christine   Benna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Skytt 
Author-Name: Lars Winther 
Author-X-Name-First: Lars 
Author-X-Name-Last: Winther 
Title: The Geography of the Experience Economy in Denmark: Employment Change and Location Dynamics in Attendance-based Experience Industries 
Abstract:
  Recently the &#x201C;experience economy&#x201D; has been promoted as a
 vehicle for urban and regional growth, also in peripheral cities and
 regions. Little evidence is, however, provided to sustain this claim. To
 inform the discussion of the experience economy as a potential for urban
 and regional growth, the article provides an analysis of location dynamics
 and employment growth of a specific segment of the experience economy, the
 attendance-based experience industries, in Danish municipalities from 1993
 to 2006. Based on the analysis, it is concluded that the emerging
 experience economy in the Danish context produces new forms of uneven
 geographies: first, employment growth is significantly higher in large
 cities compared with that in small- and medium-sized cities, and second,
 the level of education for persons employed in the experience economy is
 higher in the largest cities compared with that in small- and medium-sized
 cities. Hence, the potential of the experience economy as a vehicle for
 growth even in peripheral cities and regions has in many cases (not yet)
 been fulfilled. Thus, using the experience economy as a lever to obtain
 future prosperity may be a very fragile strategy for the majority of
 cities and municipalities outside the main growth centres and classic
 tourist destinations. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 847-862 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902793994 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902793994 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gitte Marling 
Author-X-Name-First: Gitte 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marling 
Author-Name: Ole   B. Jensen 
Author-X-Name-First: Ole   B. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jensen 
Author-Name: Hans Kiib 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kiib 
Title: The Experience City: Planning of Hybrid Cultural Projects 
Abstract:
  This article takes its point of departure in the pressure of the
 experience economy on European cities&#x2014;a pressure which in recent
 years has found its expression in a number of comprehensive
 transformations of the physical and architectural environments, and new
 eventscapes related to fun and cultural experience are emerging. The
 physical, cultural and democratic consequences of this development are
 discussed in the article, as well as the problems and the new
 opportunities in the &#x201C;experience city&#x201D;. It focuses on the
 design of the &#x201C;Danish experience city&#x201D; with a special
 emphasis on hybrid cultural projects and on performative urban spaces.
 &#x201C;Hybrid cultural projects&#x201D; are characterized by a conscious
 fusion between urban transformation and new knowledge centres, cultural
 institutions and experience environments. &#x201C;Performative urban
 spaces&#x201D; are characterized by stages for performance, learning and
 experience. The performative activity can take on the guise of
 events&#x2014;something temporary, but still recurring, which influences
 the shape and identity of the space. The article contains four sections.
 In the first section, we present three European cases outside Denmark in
 order to relate to the wider international debate and development. In
 Section 2, we present the main theoretical concepts and framings that will
 guide the understanding and the analysis of the experience city. In
 Section 3, we focus on the design of the &#x201C;Danish experience
 city&#x201D; and present the first research findings. The projects are
 categorized according to their content, structure and urban localization.
 In particular, the cases are labelled in relation to their strategic and
 urban planning importance, their social and cultural content and their
 architectural representation and the programmes they contain. The article
 ends in a discussion of the trajectory for future research. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 863-885 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902794018 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902794018 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Claus Lassen 
Author-X-Name-First: Claus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lassen 
Author-Name: Carla   K. Smink 
Author-X-Name-First: Carla   K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smink 
Author-Name: S&#xF8;ren Smidt-Jensen 
Author-X-Name-First: S&#xF8;ren 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smidt-Jensen 
Title: Experience Spaces, (Aero)mobilities and Environmental Impacts 
Abstract:
  This article investigates how aeromobility is used as a core element in
 the development of new urban strategies of experience and transformation
 of urban spaces. Two examples have been selected and studied: the
 municipalities of Billund (Denmark) and Nyk&#xF6;ping (Sweden). It is
 argued that both examples are not just showing a simple form of causality,
 where increased access to air travelling creates a new experience
 destination. They also illustrate the complex impact of the increasing
 prevalence of air travel on the spatial, social and economic development
 of the cities, and at the same time, how the spatial, social and economic
 reorganization contributes to the prevalence of air traffic, airports and
 air spaces. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 887-903 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902794034 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902794034 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Allingham 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Allingham 
Title: Experiential Strategies for the Survival of Small Cities in Europe 
Abstract:
  The aim of this article is to analyse, discuss and evaluate different
 methods of branding applied in experiential strategies for the survival of
 small cities in Europe. After the introduction that refers to the advent
 of the experience economy in the post-Fordist era, the article introduces
 various branding methods applied in experiential strategies. Then follows
 an analysis of how those branding methods are applied in experiential
 strategies for the development and survival of two small cities in
 Germany, Dresden and Wolfsburg, in which car production and city
 development have been combined. The article concludes with an evaluation
 of the branding methods, which includes considerations of whether they can
 be used as models of survival for other small European cities. The
 evaluation refers to recent views on the question of representation and
 authenticity, and the role of cultural heritage in experiential
 strategies. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 905-923 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902794042 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902794042 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hans   Peter Therkildsen 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans   Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Therkildsen 
Author-Name: Carsten   Jahn Hansen 
Author-X-Name-First: Carsten   Jahn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen 
Author-Name: Anne Lorentzen 
Author-X-Name-First: Anne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lorentzen 
Title: The Experience Economy and the Transformation of Urban Governance and Planning 
Abstract:
  This article discusses the relationship between experience-oriented
 development and urban governance and planning, based on a case study of
 the city of Frederikshavn (DK). Triggered in 1999 by a sudden local
 economic crisis, Frederikshavn entered a process that reinvented its
 &#x201C;mental frame&#x201D; and transformed not only its urban
 development, but also its identity, image and governance towards an
 experience economic and entrepreneurial profile. We investigate what
 influenced urban strategy-making and planning in Frederikshavn and allowed
 the city to move towards an experience economy. Municipal investments,
 internal reorganization and public--private cooperation played significant
 roles. Traditional spatial (land use) planning and regulation were
 replaced with transformative urban growth strategies and more risk-taking
 experimental approaches. The municipality became a project partner that
 favours &#x201C;actions because they create new opportunities&#x201D;.
 Experience-oriented projects thrived in this entrepreneurial environment.
 However, recent political tensions between growth and welfare agendas
 indicate that Frederikshavn thereby exemplifies a test to the reaches or
 limits to government-supported neoliberal approaches in urban development
 and governance&#x2014;and thereby also to the role of the local state. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 925-941 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902794059 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902794059 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2008:i:6:p:925-941




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sally Davenport 
Author-X-Name-First: Sally 
Author-X-Name-Last: Davenport 
Author-Name: Shirley Leitch 
Author-X-Name-First: Shirley 
Author-X-Name-Last: Leitch 
Title: Creating Space for the Successor: The Discourse Strategies of Pro- and Anti-GM Factions Regarding the Future of Agriculture in New Zealand 
Abstract:
  A struggle between different forms of food production for the future of
 agriculture space has been occurring in many regions of the world. Drawing
 on the literature of the geography of food and the theory of productive
 worlds, we propose that the discourse strategies deployed by competing
 actors should be considered part of the set of conventions that guide
 productive activities. Two examples of discourse strategies are outlined:
 the use of articulation to position a desired outcome within a
 historically resonant discourse in order to gain legitimacy; and the
 maintenance of a strategic tension between isomorphism and differentiation
 such that a stance is perceived as a credible choice. We describe and map
 the impacts of these discourse strategies as they were deployed by anti-
 and pro-genetic modification groups in the struggle to become the
 &#x201C;natural&#x201D; successor to New Zealand's conventional
 agricultural heritage. The shifts in discourse positions of the two
 protagonists highlight the increased hybridity and regional complexity of
 the worlds of food and the battle for agricultural space. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 943-961 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2007 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902949281 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902949281 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Doloreux 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Doloreux 
Author-Name: Arne Isaksen 
Author-X-Name-First: Arne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Isaksen 
Author-Name: Heidi   Wiig Aslesen 
Author-X-Name-First: Heidi   Wiig 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aslesen 
Author-Name: Yannik Melan&#xE7;on 
Author-X-Name-First: Yannik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Melan&#xE7;on 
Title: A Comparative Study of the Aquaculture Innovation Systems in Quebec's Coastal Region and Norway 
Abstract:
  This paper examines the actors and activities and the
 institutional--spatial dynamics that characterize innovation and knowledge
 processes within the aquaculture industry and its support organizations in
 the coastal region of Quebec, Canada. It aims to identify the main
 features and components of such support organizations and their roles in
 entrepreneurial and knowledge processes. Comparing this Canadian case with
 the more developed Norwegian innovation system in aquaculture, the paper
 concludes that the market possibilities for the products of aquaculture
 are almost the same in Norway and Quebec. However, it is the policy and
 institutional settings, as well as the historical trajectories of the
 respective innovation systems, which seem to explain the growth of the
 aquaculture industry in Norway and its less successful development in
 Quebec. The paper also investigates the conditions and institutional
 arrangements that may stimulate the building and development of a more
 mature aquaculture innovation system support in Quebec's coastal region. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 963-981 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902949240 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902949240 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2008:i:7:p:963-981




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrea Morrison 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison 
Author-Name: Roberta Rabellotti 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rabellotti 
Title: Knowledge and Information Networks in an Italian Wine Cluster 
Abstract:
  The aim of this article is to analyse the nature and extent of knowledge
 and information networks in an Italian wine cluster. Moreover, the
 relation between firms&#x2019; characteristics and the knowledge network
 structure is also explored. The empirical findings show that knowledge is
 unevenly distributed in clusters and that networks of knowledge and
 information differ a great deal in terms of their structure. In fact,
 knowledge flows are restricted to a tightly connected community of local
 producers, differing in terms of knowledge assets, innovation behaviour
 and overall economic performance with respect to the rest of the firms in
 the cluster. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 983-1006 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902949265 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902949265 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2008:i:7:p:983-1006




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Karin   Edvardsson Bj&#xF6;rnberg 
Author-X-Name-First: Karin   Edvardsson 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bj&#xF6;rnberg 
Title: Rational Goals for the Urban Environment: A Swedish Example 
Abstract:
  In Sweden, the government's aim to create sustainable urban environments
 is expressed through the environmental quality objective &#x201C;A good
 built environment&#x201D;. The objective embraces seven sub-goals and is
 designed to guide central, regional and local authorities&#x2019; planning
 towards urban sustainability. However, for objectives concerning the urban
 environment, such as the Swedish objective &#x201C;A good built
 environment&#x201D;, to form a solid basis for decision-making, two types
 of rationality (functionality) conditions ought to be met. First, the
 objectives should guide and motivate those who are responsible for their
 implementation. This is applicable when the goals satisfy the criteria of
 precision, evaluability, approachability and motivity. Second, when the
 goals are parts of larger goal systems, the goal systems should be
 coherent. Using the objective &#x201C;A good built environment&#x201D; as
 an empirical basis, this article gives a few examples of how environmental
 goals can fail to guide and motivate action towards improved urban
 sustainability. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1007-1027 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902949570 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902949570 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Erwin van der Krabben 
Author-X-Name-First: Erwin 
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Krabben 
Title: Retail Development in The Netherlands: Evaluating the Effects of Radical Changes in Planning Policy 
Abstract:
  After long years of a protective national retail planning policy, the
 Dutch national government decided in 2004 on a radical shift with respect
 to this policy, by abolishing restrictive retail regulations. The
 provinces have recently responded by reinstalling the main elements of the
 national retail planning model at the regional level. This article shows
 that nevertheless unintended structural changes in the Dutch retail
 landscape have occurred. Building on theoretical perspectives on
 institutional change and normative approaches to planning, the article
 evaluates the rationale behind the shifts in the planning regime and the
 extent to which the &#x201C;new&#x201D; planning regime meets the
 conditions for a collaborative planning approach. Additionally, regional
 differences in the effectiveness of retail planning are analysed and
 related to regional differences in the planning regime. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1029-1048 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902949596 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902949596 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2008:i:7:p:1029-1048




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Edwin Buitelaar 
Author-X-Name-First: Edwin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Buitelaar 
Title: Zoning, More Than Just a Tool: Explaining Houston's Regulatory Practice 
Abstract:
  The intent of this article is to understand why Houstonians reject zoning
 while simultaneously adopting a collection of mechanisms that serve
 zoning-type functions. The answer is found in discursive-institutionalist
 approaches that emphasize the symbolic meaning (besides the instrumental
 value) that people give to regulatory tools. Zoning as a label is
 generally associated with an interference with individual liberty.
 Apparently, the other interventionist instruments do not carry the same
 negative value, which makes it possible to implement them without much
 opposition. Discourses shape institutions, like planning regulations, and
 we need to unravel and to understand these processes in order to increase
 the performance of planning. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1049-1065 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902949588 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902949588 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luciano Vettoretto 
Author-X-Name-First: Luciano 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vettoretto 
Title: A Preliminary Critique of the Best and Good Practices Approach in European Spatial Planning and Policy-making 
Abstract:
  &#x201C;Good practices&#x201D; are found everywhere, particularly in
 European policies. They are usually taken for granted as familiar events
 in daily life. For actors involved in policy-making, it seems quite
 natural to produce, disseminate and use repertoires of good practices.
 This article discusses this phenomenon, arguing that &#x201C;good
 practices&#x201D; are one of the main tools in Europeanization processes,
 particularly for the European idea of &#x201C;good governance&#x201D;.
 Analyses of the Interact, Interreg and Urbact programmes of production of
 good practice repertoires lead to an examination of a number of
 characteristics of &#x201C;good practice&#x201D;: as a kind of regulation
 through sense-making processes, as a standardization tool in order to
 compare and measure performances in different situations, as an object of
 self-reflection and constitution of communities of practices, as a
 strategic representation and as an advocacy device. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1067-1083 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902949620 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902949620 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:7:p:1067-1083




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Annika Agger 
Author-X-Name-First: Annika 
Author-X-Name-Last: Agger 
Author-Name: Jacob   Norvig Larsen 
Author-X-Name-First: Jacob   Norvig 
Author-X-Name-Last: Larsen 
Title: Exclusion in Area-based Urban Policy Programmes 
Abstract:
  Area-based urban regeneration programmes such as the New Deal for
 Communities in the UK, the German Soziale Stadt and the Danish Kvarterloft
 are based on a participatory approach emphasizing active citizen
 participation and the involvement of local stakeholders. The article
 argues that these initiatives are not as open and inclusive as they strive
 to be, and in this article, we explore the different types of exclusion
 that can take place when such programmes are implemented. Based on the
 theoretical literature and on empirical data from the Danish Kvarterloft
 project, we identify three types of exclusion&#x2014;structural,
 discursive and deliberate exclusion&#x2014;and offer a theoretical
 analysis and an empirical account of these exclusions. The article
 concludes that practitioners as well as politicians need to reflect
 critically on different types of exclusion in order to create transparent
 and inclusive democratic processes. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1085-1099 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902949646 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902949646 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:7:p:1085-1099




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stijn Oosterlynck 
Author-X-Name-First: Stijn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Oosterlynck 
Title: Territorial Cohesion and the European Model of Society 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1101-1103 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902949653 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902949653 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:7:p:1101-1103




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bengt Johannisson 
Author-X-Name-First: Bengt 
Author-X-Name-Last: Johannisson 
Author-Name: &#xC5;sa   Lindholm Dahlstrand 
Author-X-Name-First: &#xC5;sa   Lindholm 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dahlstrand 
Title: Bridging the Functional and Territorial Views on Regional Entrepreneurship and Development: The Challenge, the Journey, the Lessons 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1105-1115 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902980971 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902980971 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bengt Johannisson 
Author-X-Name-First: Bengt 
Author-X-Name-Last: Johannisson 
Author-Name: &#xC5;sa Lindholm Dahlstrand 
Author-X-Name-First: &#xC5;sa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lindholm Dahlstrand 
Title: Bridging the Functional and Territorial Rationales&#x2014;Proposing an Integrating Framework for Regional Dynamics 
Abstract:
  In identifying and enacting roads to sustainable development in welfare
 states, several divides fragment the research community as well as the
 public policies being practised. First there is a major gap between what
 might be addressed as a functional and a territorial rationale. The former
 is supported by those who in the name of national development propose a
 concentration of efforts to advanced and boundary-spanning innovation
 systems, staged as resourceful coalitions between private business,
 policy-makers and the universities as major knowledge-creators. A
 territorial rationale in contrast withholds that the power of development
 is nested into the local community, its committed member firms and other
 stakeholders as a collective. The outcome of an analytical inquiry into
 the construction of these contradictory discourses is integrated into a
 three-dimensional model. These dimensions are: the dominant life-setting
 in the territory (place), the general outlook of the people in the
 locality/region and the critical competence needed to materialize ideas
 that emerge in the context. Based on our earlier research we then frame
 theoretically and illustrate empirically the argumentation in two Swedish
 territories, the industrial district (Gnosj&#xF6;) and an urban area
 (Gothenburg). Finally we propose that the very bridging of these
 rationales or rationales both analytically and in practice build a dynamic
 foundation for territorial development. This suggests the need for
 upholding an ongoing dialogue between contrasted rationales along each
 proposed dimension. The paper concludes with the implications of this view
 for public policy concerning localized business activity. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1117-1133 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902980989 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902980989 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:8:p:1117-1133




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Frederic Bill 
Author-X-Name-First: Frederic 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bill 
Author-Name: Bengt Johannisson 
Author-X-Name-First: Bengt 
Author-X-Name-Last: Johannisson 
Author-Name: Lena Olaison 
Author-X-Name-First: Lena 
Author-X-Name-Last: Olaison 
Title: The Incubus Paradox: Attempts at Foundational Rethinking of the &#x201C;SME Support Genre&#x201D; 
Abstract:
  Despite the lacking scientific support regarding efficiency, public
 authorities launch and owner-managers&#x2019; participate in public
 support programmes. Previous research has failed to address this enigma
 and dissolve the underlying paradox. Drawing on mythical inspiration, this
 article offers a framework grounded on the medieval demonic character of
 incubus/subbuci, by means of which this incubus paradox is analytically
 treated. Empirically, an indirect approach based on inserting a fictive
 case into a general focus-group method is adopted, thus avoiding leading
 questions. Two images of the small-business support syndrome emerge from
 the proposed mythical framework: The first one, which could be named just
 &#x201C;incubus&#x201D; ascribes malevolence to the helpers and a good
 deal of naivety on the part of the support programme participants. The
 second one, the paradox, suggests that there will be no measurable growth
 effect of support measures since none of the stakeholders identified in
 this discourse intend to actually foster development and growth in small
 and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The field material indicates that
 these two images jointly provide a comprehensive understanding, that there
 is not an incubus and a victim but rather several incubuses operating
 within the confines of a support programme. Thus, instead of claiming that
 the support agents are malevolent, the conclusion is that they have their
 own agenda. Since our inquiry, in addition indicates that this is true
 also for the participating SME representatives, they can hardly be seen as
 victims in the traditional sense. They rather exploit an arena where it is
 possible to strengthen one's own identity as responsible business persons
 bringing financial support to their region. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1135-1152 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902980997 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902980997 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:8:p:1135-1152




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: H&#xE5;kan Ylinenp&#xE4;&#xE4; 
Author-X-Name-First: H&#xE5;kan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ylinenp&#xE4;&#xE4; 
Title: Entrepreneurship and Innovation Systems: Towards a Development of the ERIS/IRIS Concept 
Abstract:
  This contribution addresses two important streams of
 research&#x2014;innovation system research basically addressing the system
 level and entrepreneurship research basically interested at the actor
 (firm or individual) level. Building on previous research in these fields
 (primarily on Cooke [(2001) Regional innovation systems, clusters and the
 knowledge economy, Industrial and Corporate Change, 10(4), pp. 945--974],
 Cooke and Leydesdorff [(2006) Regional development in the knowledge-based
 economy: The construction of advantage, Journal of Technology Transfer,
 31(1), pp. 5--15], Sarasvathy [(2001) Causation and effectuation: Toward a
 theoretical shift from economic inevitability to entrepreneurial
 contingency, Academy of Management Review, 6(2), pp. 243--263],
 Johannisson [(2000) Modernising the industrial district: Rejuvenation or
 managerial colonisation? in: E. Vatne & M. Taylor (Eds) The Networked Firm
 in a Global World, pp. 283--308 (Aldershot, Hants: Ashgate Publishing)]),
 a typology developed depicting characteristics both at the system level
 and at the actor level of an institutional regional innovation system
 (IRIS) and an entrepreneurial regional innovation system (ERIS) as well as
 a &#x201C;conceptual bridge&#x201D; between innovation system research and
 entrepreneurship research is suggested. While the developed ERIS type of
 regional innovation systems due to its marked orientation towards
 individual actors and their behaviour leans more towards the main stream
 of entrepreneurship research, the IRIS type of regional innovation systems
 has more similarities with conventional innovation system research. It is
 argued that by also applying concepts depicting different management
 preferences and behaviour from entrepreneurship research, we should be
 able to better understand the different logics guiding these two types of
 regional innovation systems. The relevance of the extended typology thus
 developed is then illustrated by two empirical cases located in northern
 Sweden and form the base for policy implications derived from this study. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1153-1170 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902981011 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902981011 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:8:p:1153-1170




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eva Berggren 
Author-X-Name-First: Eva 
Author-X-Name-Last: Berggren 
Author-Name: &#xC5;sa Lindholm Dahlstrand 
Author-X-Name-First: &#xC5;sa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lindholm Dahlstrand 
Title: Creating an Entrepreneurial Region: Two Waves of Academic Spin-offs from Halmstad University 
Abstract:
  This article presents a Swedish case study of the regional effects of
 academic spin-offs. It is based on empirical data from Halmstad University
 and the Halmstad region, on the west coast of Sweden. The Halmstad case
 functions as an illustration of co-existing territorial and functional
 rationales, where a &#x201C;rurban&#x201D; lifestyle is combined with an
 increasingly &#x201C;pracademic&#x201D; knowledge. Spillover effects of
 university research (directly as well as indirectly) in the form of
 academic spin-offs have been traced over time. In doing so, we are able to
 identify two waves of academic entrepreneurship with direct and indirect
 regional effects. These waves contribute to the strengthening of the
 regional entrepreneurship and the attractiveness of the region. The
 establishment and (early) actions of the university can be seen as a stone
 that was thrown in the water, causing several waves to appear in the
 region. Whether these waves will be reinforced enough to create an
 entrepreneurial region, or just slowly disappear as rings on the water,
 also depends on the creation of an absorptive capacity and construction of
 the regional innovation system. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1171-1189 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902981037 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902981037 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:8:p:1171-1189




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Johan Gaddefors 
Author-X-Name-First: Johan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gaddefors 
Author-Name: Niclas Cronsell 
Author-X-Name-First: Niclas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cronsell 
Title: Returnees and Local Stakeholders Co-producing the Entrepreneurial Region 
Abstract:
  The purpose of this article is to examine how returning entrepreneurs and
 local stakeholders are involved in co-producing an entrepreneurial region.
 A theoretical framework is proposed based on two metaphors: embeddedness
 and translation. Moreover, the value of the framework is illustrated by a
 case drawn from a study conducted over a 3-year period. The work is based
 on a constructionist approach, and the results emerged from a narrative
 analysis. Our partial ethnographic methodology gives us the opportunity to
 follow the interaction between entrepreneurs and local stakeholders over
 time. The findings show that what needs to become embedded to attain
 regional development is an entrepreneurial attitude to life in the region,
 not only the embeddedness of the returning entrepreneurs and their firms.
 Consequently, the framework results in a perspective emphasizing the
 interplay over time between entrepreneurs and local stakeholders. The
 value of the article is that it shows how the co-production of the
 entrepreneurial region between entrepreneurs and local stakeholders
 results in a continued regional development. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1191-1203 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902981045 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902981045 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:8:p:1191-1203




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anders   W. Johansson 
Author-X-Name-First: Anders   W. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Johansson 
Title: Regional Development by Means of Broadened Entrepreneurship 
Abstract:
  Today entrepreneurship does not constitute one grand narrative, rather it
 consists of a plurality of sub-discourses, some of them in sharp contrast
 to others. In academic texts as well as in practice, we find both dominant
 and broader meanings of entrepreneurship. It is discussed in this article
 how a dominant meaning of entrepreneurship historically can be associated
 with industrialization, large firms, hero entrepreneurs and ideas of
 &#x201C;b&#xFC;rgerlichen Gesellschaft&#x201D;. As we now live in a
 society where large manufacturing firms no longer dominate, broader
 conceptions of entrepreneurship emerges, allowing for the idea of an
 entrepreneurial potential of ordinary (wo)men. This article gives glimpses
 of how a broad entrepreneurship is enacted in a regional context. These
 glimpses illustrate the following. <list> <list-item> <label>1. </label>
 Networks which give plenty of room for spontaneous interaction can
 mobilize entrepreneurial identities. </list-item> <list-item> <label>2.
 </label> Individuals provide role models for how
 &#x201C;Gesellschaft&#x201D; can be resisted and balanced by
 &#x201C;Gemeinschaft&#x201D; in the society of today </list-item>
 <list-item> <label>3. </label> The core of entrepreneurship does not need
 to be thought of in terms of an exclusive capacity for innovation but
 rather as something which is an outflow of ordinary life when not
 restricted by discourse. </list-item> </list> Adopting a broad view of
 entrepreneurship implies for policy-makers to encourage the mobilization
 of entrepreneurship instead of trying to &#x201C;pick the winners&#x201D;. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1205-1222 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902981060 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902981060 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:8:p:1205-1222




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Olivier Crevoisier 
Author-X-Name-First: Olivier 
Author-X-Name-Last: Crevoisier 
Author-Name: Hugues Jeannerat 
Author-X-Name-First: Hugues 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jeannerat 
Title: Territorial Knowledge Dynamics: From the Proximity Paradigm to Multi-location Milieus 
Abstract:
  This paper addresses the issue of updating a research agenda about
 territorial innovation models (TIMs) such as innovative milieus,
 industrial districts, regional innovation systems, etc. The theoretical
 shift from innovation studies to the knowledge economy is taken into
 account by the suggested concept of territorial knowledge dynamics (TKDs).
 Observable major changes within society are also integrated, especially
 the huge increase in the mobility of production factors. The thesis
 developed is that the learning processes in TIMs were mainly cumulative
 knowledge dynamics that varies according to the scale of the region (the
 traditional local/global framework), whereas today's combinatorial
 knowledge dynamics develop in multi-location and multi-scalar ways.
 Knowledge circulates to a greater extent and is continuously mobilized and
 combined within interacting firms and regions. In this paper, ideal
 typical forms of TKDs are formulated from three research perspectives: a
 relational approach, a circulatory approach and a structuralist approach.
 This paper presents the theoretical background used by the European
 research project &#x201C;EURODITE&#x201D; on these specific issues. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1223-1241 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902978231 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902978231 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:8:p:1223-1241




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lale Berkoz 
Author-X-Name-First: Lale 
Author-X-Name-Last: Berkoz 
Author-Name: Sevkiye   Sence Turk 
Author-X-Name-First: Sevkiye   Sence 
Author-X-Name-Last: Turk 
Title: Locational Preferences of FDI Firms in Turkey: A Detailed Examination of Regional Determinants 
Abstract:
  Within the last decade, foreign direct investment (FDI) research studies
 have attracted the attention of scholars in the fields of international
 business and economics. Previous FDI studies primarily focused on sectoral
 or geographical distribution and were concerned with economic analyses. In
 Turkey, the number of empirical studies examining location-specific
 factors has remained relatively low. This study is based on a sample of 90
 companies that were surveyed in metropolitan areas in Turkey in 2006.
 Descriptive analysis and t-test statistical analysis techniques have been
 used in the analysis of the data obtained from the questionnaire. This
 one-sample t-test has been performed to determine whether the mean rating
 of a sample is significantly different from the population mean. According
 to the results of t-test, a determination has been made of the most
 important factors in location preference of foreign investment firms. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1243-1256 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902978223 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902978223 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:8:p:1243-1256




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alasdair Rae 
Author-X-Name-First: Alasdair 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rae 
Title: Whose Urban Renaissance? An International Comparison of Urban Regeneration Strategies 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1257-1259 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310902982209 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310902982209 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:8:p:1257-1259




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adelheid Holl 
Author-X-Name-First: Adelheid 
Author-X-Name-Last: Holl 
Author-Name: Ruth Rama 
Author-X-Name-First: Ruth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rama 
Title: The Spatial Patterns of Networks, Hierarchies and Subsidiaries 
Abstract:
  This article reviews evidence and arguments linking the networking
 behaviour of firms with geographic distance, before examining the spatial
 relationships of electronics firms in the three major electronics centres
 in Spain. The focus is on the spatial pattern and extent of different
 types of inter-firm relations. Based on the analysis of 184 surveyed
 establishments, displaying different ownership and organization
 characteristics, the results show that while regional linkages are
 important, significant extra-regional linkages are also maintained by
 firms in regional clusters. The spatial extent of linkages depends on the
 mode of relations; arm's length, network and hierarchy relations show
 different spatial patterns, as do different types of cooperation. The
 importance of extra-regional linkages also varies with firm- and
 plant-specific characteristics. Extra-regional linkages are more common
 among larger and more R&D-intensive firms, firms with greater presence in
 the rest of the country and firms with more experience of cooperation and
 more stable relationships. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1261-1281 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903053414 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903053414 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2008:i:9:p:1261-1281




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sibel   Ecemis Kilic 
Author-X-Name-First: Sibel   Ecemis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kilic 
Title: Proposals for Regional Administrative Structure and Planning in Turkey 
Abstract:
  On a global scale, the region which not only defines economic but also
 social unity has been brought once again to the agenda in a manner unlike
 those of the past, both as a result of globalization and localization
 tendencies, and with arguments towards formulating a more democratic
 administrative structure. Conversely, although regional planning and
 administrative pursuits and debates have ensued in Turkey since its
 foundation, regional plans have never been effectively administered, a
 regional administrative structure requiring continuity has not been
 established and problems requiring solutions at the regional level have
 increasingly continued their presence. In this study, proposals have been
 developed for regional planning and regional administration in Turkey,
 taking into consideration not only global tendencies but also the
 country's related experiences along with the current circumstances, and
 spatial unities that would form a basis for these have been defined. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1283-1301 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903053430 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903053430 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michelle Norris 
Author-X-Name-First: Michelle 
Author-X-Name-Last: Norris 
Author-Name: Nessa Winston 
Author-X-Name-First: Nessa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Winston 
Title: Rising Second Home Numbers in Rural Ireland: Distribution, Drivers and Implications 
Abstract:
  This article highlights a marked growth in the number of second homes in
 Ireland since the mid-1990s, which is concentrated in the rural and
 coastal parts of the peripheral Border, Midwest, Southeast, Southwest and
 West regions, together with parallel growth in the number of long-term
 vacant dwellings in these regions. These phenomena are linked to economic
 and population growth, the &#x201C;laissez faire&#x201D; nature of land
 use planning in rural Ireland, the generous fiscal treatment of housing,
 as well as tax incentives to encourage house building in economically
 marginal areas. The social and economic impacts of these dwelling on
 individual localities vary, depending on their number, usage patterns and
 the nature of the local economy and housing market. However, their
 environmental consequences are largely negative as is their impact on the
 national economy and on the economies of those regions where vacant
 dwellings are concentrated. Thus, our research questions the value of
 housing-led rural development, as they can result in excessive output of
 vacant and second homes and highlights the importance of adequately
 resourcing planning authorities if the worst excesses of rural housing
 overdevelopment are to be avoided. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1303-1322 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903053448 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903053448 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Omar Onnis 
Author-X-Name-First: Omar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Onnis 
Author-Name: Oliver Perra 
Author-X-Name-First: Oliver 
Author-X-Name-Last: Perra 
Author-Name: Franciscu Sedda 
Author-X-Name-First: Franciscu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sedda 
Author-Name: Frantziscu Sanna 
Author-X-Name-First: Frantziscu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sanna 
Author-Name: Martino Dibeltulo 
Author-X-Name-First: Martino 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dibeltulo 
Title: Localization in Sardinia and Its Obstacles: A Reply to Hospers' &#x201C;Localization in Europe's Periphery: Tourism Development in Sardinia&#x201D; 
Abstract:
  In this reply to Hospers' &#x201C;<italic>Localization in Europe's
 Periphery: Tourism Development in Sardinia&#x201D;</italic> by Gert-Jan
 Hospers (2003), we argue that the author's advocacy of localized economic
 policies as a viable means to the economic development of Sardinia does
 not take into account current institutional assets that prevent Sardinia
 from pursuing localized interests effectively. We first discuss the
 historical background of these institutional assets, highlighting that a
 top-down approach to decision-making has characterized relations between
 Sardinia and the central state for most of the modern era. We then discuss
 the institutional and economic impediments to Sardinian attempts to pursue
 localized policies in light of recent institutional conflicts between
 region and central state. Our conclusion is that the localization of
 economic strategies necessitates entwined localization of decision-making
 powers in order to be effective. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1323-1333 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903053471 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903053471 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:9:p:1323-1333




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sandro Fabbro 
Author-X-Name-First: Sandro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fabbro 
Author-Name: Beatrix Haselsberger 
Author-X-Name-First: Beatrix 
Author-X-Name-Last: Haselsberger 
Title: Spatial Planning Harmonisation as a Condition for Trans-National Cooperation 
Abstract:
  This paper explores a possible direction for enabling trans-national
 cooperation in Europe through forms of spatial planning harmonisation. The
 specific case considered is that of the trans-national border area located
 in the wider Alpine-Adriatic context, comprising Carinthia (Austria),
 Friuli Venezia Giulia (Italy) and Slovenia. Starting from a general
 analysis of spatial planning systems and identification of operational
 difficulties which may emerge within any one Member State's planning
 system&#x2014;and which then may be compounded in a trans-national
 context&#x2014;the paper considers the establishment of a &#x201C;shared
 knowledge base&#x201D; as well as a &#x201C;shared vision&#x201D; between
 the Member States as preconditions to fostering trans-national
 cooperation. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1335-1356 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903053521 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903053521 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2008:i:9:p:1335-1356




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Theodore Metaxas 
Author-X-Name-First: Theodore 
Author-X-Name-Last: Metaxas 
Title: Place Marketing, Strategic Planning and Competitiveness: The Case of Malta 
Abstract:
  This article investigates place marketing and strategic planning
 processes in the case of Malta Island as a competitive tourist
 destination. The article focuses on the main ingredients that compose the
 marketing and strategic planning performance and presents the
 repositioning process of Malta's image in the international tourism
 market. The article concludes that place marketing is a strategic process
 with particular phases of development that leads to the creation of a
 competitive and attractive destination. Finally, the article supports that
 strategic planning and place marketing could not operate by themselves,
 but they need to be built on partnerships among local actors and
 decision-makers. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1357-1378 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903053539 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903053539 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2008:i:9:p:1357-1378




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stan J. H. Majoor 
Author-X-Name-First: Stan J. H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Majoor 
Title: The Disconnected Innovation of New Urbanity in Zuidas Amsterdam, &#xD8;restad Copenhagen and Forum Barcelona 
Abstract:
  In the latest generation of large-scale European peripheral development
 projects, a growing ambition is visible to plan more urban environments.
 We refer to this intention as planning for &#x201C;new urbanity&#x201D;
 since the aim is to reintroduce into a new timeframe and location the
 traditional urban concepts of density and mixing uses. Empirical evidence
 shows, however, that the path to realize such ambitions has been very
 difficult. This article presents a study on governance factors influencing
 the trajectory from initial ambitions towards the first physical results
 in three cases. An analysis is made of the different dimensions of framing
 of these projects in their respective metropolitan action space and of the
 rules that structure their operational domains. This is the basis to
 question the extent to which the ambition for new urbanity has developed
 in a social norm influencing acceptable behaviour among actors. The
 conclusion is that the narrowly defined operation spheres of these
 projects are weakly connected to important societal domains that could
 have better supported these ambitions. New urbanity has, therefore,
 predominantly remained a disconnected, free-floating, &#x201C;good
 idea&#x201D; without strong material results. It is also in danger of
 becoming an extremely privatized planning concept, deviating from its
 original spatial and socially integrative nature. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1379-1403 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903053547 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903053547 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christian Zuidema 
Author-X-Name-First: Christian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zuidema 
Author-Name: Gert De Roo 
Author-X-Name-First: Gert 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Roo 
Title: Towards Liveable Cities: Progress in the European Union Urban Environmental Agenda 
Abstract:
  The 2006 &#x201C;Thematic Strategy on the Urban Environment&#x201D; is
 the first piece of official European Union (EU) policy solely focused on
 the urban environment. It follows a process of several years in which the
 EU has tried to promote an integrated approach to urban management. During
 the 2005--2007 &#x201C;Liveable Cities&#x201D; project, reflection was
 given to the &#x201C;Thematic Strategy&#x201D;. This resulted in important
 critiques on the EU's approach to the urban environment. Explaining how
 the initial top-down approach chosen by the EU contributed to the
 perceived &#x201C;failure&#x201D; of the &#x201C;Thematic
 Strategy&#x201D;, suggestions are made for alternative approaches to the
 creation of liveable cities in Europe. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1405-1419 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903053554 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903053554 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:9:p:1405-1419




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Celia Bilbao-Terol 
Author-X-Name-First: Celia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bilbao-Terol 
Title: Impacts of an Iron and Steel Plant on Residential Property Values 
Abstract:
  The hedonic price method is used to estimate the relationship between
 residential property values and proximity to an integrated iron and steel
 plant located in the outskirts of Gij&#xF3;n, a city in the north of
 Spain. Empirical results suggest that there is a statistically significant
 negative relationship between housing values and the distance from the
 iron and steel plant. From a partial equilibrium analysis, increasing the
 distance from the plant, decreasing plant production or dismantling the
 plant would lead to an increase in the value of the housing units. The
 results show as well that the housing units located nearest to the factory
 would be the most favoured by applying the aforementioned changes. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1421-1436 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903146036 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903146036 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wendy Steele 
Author-X-Name-First: Wendy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Steele 
Title: Book Review 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1437-1440 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903053570 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903053570 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:9:p:1437-1440




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ne&#x15F;e Kumral 
Author-X-Name-First: Ne&#x15F;e 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kumral 
Author-Name: A.   &#xD6;zlem &#xD6;nder 
Author-X-Name-First: A.   &#xD6;zlem 
Author-X-Name-Last: &#xD6;nder 
Title: Tourism, Regional Development and Public Policy: Introduction to the Special Issue 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1441-1443 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903141615 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903141615 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:10:p:1441-1443




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pennie   F. Henriksen 
Author-X-Name-First: Pennie   F. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Henriksen 
Author-Name: Henrik Halkier 
Author-X-Name-First: Henrik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Halkier 
Title: From Local Promotion Towards Regional Tourism Policies: Knowledge Processes and Actor Networks in North Jutland, Denmark 
Abstract:
  Public policies promoting the development of tourist destinations, not
 least in North-western Europe, have traditionally focused on attracting
 more tourists through local promotional activities, but in many localities
 these have now been supplemented by strategies that attempt to change the
 tourist product on offer, often operating at the regional level, and thus,
 tourism policies have changed with regard to scale, aims and instruments.
 Research on the tourism policy has mainly centred on the difficulties
 inherent in destination development with regard to orchestrating changes
 in the wide raft of services, typically provided by small local firms,
 that make up the tourist experience, while less attention has been given
 to an important prerequisite for these new, product-development
 strategies, namely the process of policy change from local promotion
 towards regional tourism policies, despite the potential difficulties
 involved in shifting geographical scales of governance and adopting a more
 risky focus on new types of visitors. The aim of this article is to
 investigate the factors that drive or hamper the tourism policy change
 from localized marketing towards regional innovation strategies, focusing
 especially on the role of stakeholder networks and knowledge processes in
 overcoming spatial fragmentation and product conservatism. Adopting an
 institutionalist perspective, an in-depth case study of a destination
 management organization, &#x201C;Top of Denmark&#x201D;, situated at the
 tip of one of northern Europe's prime locations for seaside tourism, is
 undertaken in order to identify factors that drive or hamper the policy
 change from localized marketing towards regional, product-development
 initiatives. This article concludes that the issue of localism has been
 effectively addressed by establishing and operating as a network-based
 body where individual stakeholders are mutually dependant on the specific
 capacities of their partners, a consensual style of decision-making is
 prevailing, and a division of labour has been established that engages
 local actors in destination-wide tasks while at the same time enabling
 them to maintain close links with small tourism businesses in their area.
 Both in the emergence and in the redevelopment of the organization, the
 internal wish for change has clearly been stimulated by
 extra-destinational incentives, but the perceived success of the early,
 joint-marketing activities has clearly made the current focus on
 product-development activities easier. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1445-1462 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903141631 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903141631 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Armando Montanari 
Author-X-Name-First: Armando 
Author-X-Name-Last: Montanari 
Author-Name: Barbara Staniscia 
Author-X-Name-First: Barbara 
Author-X-Name-Last: Staniscia 
Title: Culinary Tourism as a Tool for Regional Re-equilibrium 
Abstract:
  This paper is the result of research undertaken into the relationship
 between quality agriculture and wine-and-food tourism on the Apennines of
 central and southern Italy. Food is not merely a source of nourishment:
 depending on production methods, food can also become a cultural reference
 point, an element of regional development and a tourist resource. This
 occurs with &#x201C;local&#x201D; food, representing a model of production
 and consumption which suggests a strong link with the region in which the
 food is produced. In the marginal mountainous regions of central Italy,
 there is an important productive segment involving motivated and
 innovative entrepreneurs, regardless of the public sector that is not
 always up to the situation. Tourism linked to quality agriculture has not
 only proved to be an economic lever but a form of protection of a
 territory that is fragile and at risk; it is a sort of contemporary
 sustainable development. The process is at the initial phases and in need
 of public support according to a bottom-up approach. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1463-1483 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903141656 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903141656 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Craig Webster 
Author-X-Name-First: Craig 
Author-X-Name-Last: Webster 
Author-Name: Bernard Musyck 
Author-X-Name-First: Bernard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Musyck 
Author-Name: Stelios Orphanides 
Author-X-Name-First: Stelios 
Author-X-Name-Last: Orphanides 
Author-Name: David Jacobson 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jacobson 
Title: Working on the Other Side. Cooperative Tour Organizers and Uncooperative Hoteliers: Evidence from Greek Cypriot Tourism Professionals 
Abstract:
  In this research, the authors investigate the willingness of the Greek
 Cypriot tourism professionals to cooperate with the Turkish Cypriot
 counterparts in the industry. The analytical framework draws on the
 literature on the conflict in Cyprus, in general, and on the conflict and
 its impact on tourism, in particular. A few hypotheses are explored
 relating to what influences the tourism professionals towards cooperating
 with the Turkish Cypriots: their refugee experience, their increased level
 of contact with Turkish Cypriots, the size of the organization in which
 they work and the location and nature of these organizations. The data are
 based on a series of interviews on the support for cooperation between the
 tourism professionals among the Greek Cypriots. The findings show that
 there is clear evidence that the Greek Cypriot hotel managers are unlikely
 at present to cooperate with the Turkish Cypriot counterparts. On the
 other hand, the Greek Cypriot tour operators and tourist agencies are
 willing to collaborate with the other side. This paper follows with a case
 study of a Greek Cypriot tour-operating company which collaborates with
 the other side. It is suggested that policies could be designed that aim
 at the reconciliation of the Greek and Turkish Cypriots through the
 introduction of political correctness in the business, which is one of the
 theatres on which the Cyprus conflict is staged. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1485-1508 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903141706 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903141706 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yaprak G&#xFC;lcan 
Author-X-Name-First: Yaprak 
Author-X-Name-Last: G&#xFC;lcan 
Author-Name: Ye&#x15F;im Ku&#x15F;tepeli 
Author-X-Name-First: Ye&#x15F;im 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ku&#x15F;tepeli 
Author-Name: Sedef Akg&#xFC;ng&#xF6;r 
Author-X-Name-First: Sedef 
Author-X-Name-Last: Akg&#xFC;ng&#xF6;r 
Title: Public Policies and Development of the Tourism Industry in the Aegean Region 
Abstract:
  Evidence in developing countries, especially in the Mediterranean basin,
 shows that the tourism sector has an important role in regional
 industrialization and economic growth [Tosun, C., Timothy, D. &
 &#xD6;zt&#xFC;rk, Y. (2003) Tourism growth, national development, regional
 inequality in Turkey, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 11(2--3), pp.
 133--161]. Turkey has been successful in developing resort areas and
 attracting large number of tourists. The tourism sector is a highpoint
 industry and a crucial public policy area for the Mediterranean and Aegean
 Regions. The article has two aims: (1) to determine the significance of
 the tourism industry in the Aegean Region in Turkey by looking at
 specialization patterns in economic activities across the country and to
 identify the provinces of the region within which tourism is a highpoint
 industry and (2) to explore whether public investment in tourism in the
 Aegean Region has an impact on the value added created by the tourism
 industry. A comparison of regional structures of the regions reveals that
 30% of tourism licensed accommodation establishments are located in the
 Aegean Region. The results from the location quotient estimates for 1995
 and 2001 reveal that the Aegean Region is highly specialized in the
 tourism industry, particularly when the spatial distribution of the hotels
 is observed. Value added created by hotels of the Aegean Region is higher
 than the country average as well. In addition, the econometric model shows
 that the regional value added created by the tourism sector between 1995
 and 2001 is significantly enhanced by public policies that focus on the
 sector. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1509-1523 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903141722 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903141722 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:10:p:1509-1523




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A.   &#xD6;zlem &#xD6;nder 
Author-X-Name-First: A.   &#xD6;zlem 
Author-X-Name-Last: &#xD6;nder 
Author-Name: Aykan Candemir 
Author-X-Name-First: Aykan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Candemir 
Author-Name: Ne&#x15F;e Kumral 
Author-X-Name-First: Ne&#x15F;e 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kumral 
Title: An Empirical Analysis of the Determinants of International Tourism Demand: The Case of Izmir 
Abstract:
  Tourism has become an important sector in Turkey as a growing source of
 foreign exchange reserves and employment over the last two decades. After
 being one of the most important tourist destinations for decades, Izmir
 lost its relative importance after the 1990s. With its historical,
 cultural values and nature, Izmir still has a significant potential for
 tourism. Given the importance of this sector for Izmir, this paper
 investigates the factors affecting the international tourism demand in
 Izmir using the time series data between 1980 and 2005. The double
 logarithmic model is used in estimation. Real exchange rates, the GDP per
 capita of OECD countries, the GDP per capita of Izmir and the
 transportation public capital stock of Izmir are the variables used to
 explain Izmir's international tourist arrivals. The empirical results show
 that the prices and income of the tourist-generating country are the main
 determinants of the demand for tourism. Income and price elasticities are
 above 1. Local factors related to Izmir's level of development and the
 transportation public capital stock have no significant effect. Policy
 implications derivable from this study suggest that government should
 encourage alternative forms of tourism development besides mass tourism. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1525-1533 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903141748 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903141748 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:10:p:1525-1533




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: José   Ram&#xF3;n Cancelo 
Author-X-Name-First: José   Ram&#xF3;n 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cancelo 
Author-Name: J.   Andrés Faí&#xF1;a 
Author-X-Name-First: J.   Andrés 
Author-X-Name-Last: Faí&#xF1;a 
Author-Name: Jes&#xFA;s L&#xF3;pez-Rodríguez 
Author-X-Name-First: Jes&#xFA;s 
Author-X-Name-Last: L&#xF3;pez-Rodríguez 
Title: Measuring the Permanent Impact of European Structural Funds on Peripheral Objective 1 Regions: The Case of Galicia 
Abstract:
  We present a stylized, supply-side model to estimate the permanent
 effects of the Community Support Framework (CSF) programmes on a regional
 economy and use it to estimate the impact of the 1994--1999 and 2000--2006
 CSF programmes on the Spanish region of Galicia. The evolution of the
 economy is simulated under two scenarios, with and without CSF funds,
 studying the contribution of the European regional policy to the output,
 employment and different categories of capital. Our results suggest that
 the contribution of the Structural Funds to the growth of the Galician
 economy is remarkable and that the impacts of the European programmes
 extend well beyond the end of the aid. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1535-1558 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903141771 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903141771 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:10:p:1535-1558




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fatih Terzi 
Author-X-Name-First: Fatih 
Author-X-Name-Last: Terzi 
Author-Name: Fulin Bolen 
Author-X-Name-First: Fulin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bolen 
Title: Urban Sprawl Measurement of Istanbul 
Abstract:
  Sprawling urban development is one of the major issues that mainly refer
 to the extent of urbanization. Less urban sprawl and more compact
 residential development have been viewed as important components of the
 environmental agenda. In the major cities of developing countries like
 Istanbul, where the population is over 12 millions, urban sprawl threatens
 the natural resources through large-scale land consumption. Thus, many
 policy-makers are starting to look for ways to control sprawl through
 smart growth policies before it becomes unmanageable. Urban planners
 require information related to the rate of growth, pattern and extent of
 sprawl to provide basic measurements for planning strategies. The aim of
 this research is to provide a sprawl measurement methodology that
 contributes to the understanding of sprawl dynamics. Using geographic
 information systems and spatial data, it is possible to identify the
 pattern of urban sprawl. This paper presents the extent of urban sprawl in
 Istanbul over six periods from 1975 to 2005. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1559-1570 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903141797 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903141797 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Phil Cooke 
Author-X-Name-First: Phil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke 
Title: Governing the Metropolis: Principles and Cases 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1571-1573 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903141805 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903141805 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoff Vigar 
Author-X-Name-First: Geoff 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vigar 
Title: Towards an Integrated Spatial Planning? 
Abstract:
  The notion of &#x201C;spatial planning&#x201D; has emerged as something
 of a new planning orthodoxy. Underpinning it lie various notions of
 integration&#x2014;of policy communities and agendas, for example. This
 paper considers the evolution of integrated spatial planning in the
 various UK territories, focusing particularly on the experiences of
 Scotland. It analyses horizontal and vertical forms of integration using
 the notion of &#x201C;governance lines&#x201D;. These help explore the
 interaction between policies and actions at various spatial levels to
 examine how governance action can be re-scaled. A focus on Scotland
 highlights both divergence from European experience and a number of
 long-standing, but often subtly different, concerns for planners. Notable
 among these are the power spatial planning has in other policy sectors to
 pursue integration, and the co-ordination of land-use issues and
 infrastructure delivery. These issues present challenges for agendas of
 integration and highlights their political nature, raising as they do
 questions such as: how far can integration be pursued in the contemporary
 governance landscape; and thus to whom and on what might focuses on
 integration be directed? Such an analysis suggests potentials and
 limitations for a spatial planning agenda in the future. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1571-1590 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903226499 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903226499 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anastasia Petrou 
Author-X-Name-First: Anastasia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Petrou 
Author-Name: Irene Daskalopoulou 
Author-X-Name-First: Irene 
Author-X-Name-Last: Daskalopoulou 
Title: Innovation and Small Firms&#x2019; Growth Prospects: Relational Proximity and Knowledge Dynamics in a Low-tech Industry 
Abstract:
  The paper tests the hypothesis that innovation activity determines the
 growth prospects of small low-tech firms. Innovation here is analysed as a
 function of a firm's knowledge base and the relational proximity processes
 it is involved in. Analysis refers to small and medium- sized enterprises
 in tourism under the premise that important insights might be provided as
 regards to the functioning of innovation processes in low-tech industries. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1591-1604 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903226523 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903226523 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anders Waxell 
Author-X-Name-First: Anders 
Author-X-Name-Last: Waxell 
Title: Guilty by Association: A Cross-industrial Approach to Sourcing Complementary Knowledge in the Uppsala Biotechnology Cluster 
Abstract:
  A wide range of industrial studies recognize the tendency of similar and
 related economic activities to co-locate in so-called industrial systems
 or clusters. While a cluster is defined by its cross-industrial relations
 the supporting and complementary role of cluster actors is seldom fully
 explored. This study will focus on the dynamics of cluster relations and
 give an account for the complementary nature of clusters by analysing
 anchor firms and complementary agents (such as specialized service
 providers and institutions for collaboration) in the Uppsala biotechnology
 cluster in Sweden. The empirical data used involves a triangulation of
 interview, survey and individual-based register data based upon a mapping
 of cluster actors active in 2002 and 2003. It is shown that both the
 formerly dominant pharmaceutical company and the local university have
 actively taken the role as anchor firms/organizations creating a local and
 dynamic milieu for biotechnology activities. Furthermore, it is shown that
 the local cluster consists of a variety of complementary agents
 contributing to knowledge spillovers and cluster competitiveness. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1605-1624 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903230533 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903230533 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henrik Mattsson 
Author-X-Name-First: Henrik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mattsson 
Title: Innovating in Cluster/Cluster as Innovation: The Case of the Biotechvalley Cluster Initiative 
Abstract:
  It has been noted that innovation seems to take place to a higher degree
 in clusters than elsewhere and we have lately seen a worldwide wave of
 emerging cluster initiatives and similar innovation policy projects. Some
 of these are realistic efforts based on existing regional strengths and
 partly existing cluster structures. Most, however, are grasping at straws.
 The latter is especially true when it comes to technologies such as IT and
 biotech. We could subsequently add a new label&#x2014;&#x201C;pathetic
 clusters&#x201D;&#x2014;to the already existing list of embryonic,
 emerging, world-class or stagnating clusters. But what do we make of such
 &#x201C;pathetic clusters&#x201D; (are they really pathetic)? Although
 economic geographers often tend to explain innovation (competitiveness) by
 looking at cluster dynamics, in such accounts, the cluster concept itself
 can actually function as an innovation, imposing similar effects on the
 economy as more familiar types of innovation would, i.e. by creating a
 local competitive edge. It is reasonable to believe that if
 &#x201C;pathetic clusters&#x201D; play important roles in regional
 economies, then they do so in the form of social and organizational
 innovations rather than as Porterian drivers of innovation and industrial
 dynamics on a large scale. This function of the cluster concept&#x2014;as
 a local innovation&#x2014;is the focus of the paper at hand. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1625-1643 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903230558 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903230558 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Benneworth 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Benneworth 
Author-Name: Lars Coenen 
Author-X-Name-First: Lars 
Author-X-Name-Last: Coenen 
Author-Name: Jerker Moodysson 
Author-X-Name-First: Jerker 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moodysson 
Author-Name: Bj&#xF6;rn Asheim 
Author-X-Name-First: Bj&#xF6;rn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Asheim 
Title: Exploring the Multiple Roles of Lund University in Strengthening Scania's Regional Innovation System: Towards Institutional Learning? 
Abstract:
  Universities are increasingly seen as potential contributors to regional
 innovative capacity by serving as local knowledge conduits, bringing
 global state-of-the-art science and technology into the region. In
 practice, however, more active university engagement with their regional
 innovation systems is not as straightforward as it may seem. The article
 uses examples from a successful case by which less successful regions
 could be inspired. Our analysis considers how various forms of
 technological learning intersecting within Lund University around three
 distinct sectoral engagement efforts have been built up and how this
 created new structural regional innovation capacity. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1645-1664 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903230582 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903230582 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luciana Lazzeretti 
Author-X-Name-First: Luciana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lazzeretti 
Author-Name: Francesco Capone 
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Capone 
Title: Spatial Spillovers and Employment Dynamics in Local Tourist Systems in Italy (1991--2001) 
Abstract:
  Tourism has been an important main industry in the world economy for many
 decades. While its importance is recognized, the study of the reasons why
 some tourist destinations expand and grow faster than others as well as
 the main factors affecting these dynamics is underdeveloped. The aim of
 this paper is to analyse the factors affecting the long-period
 occupational dynamics of the Italian local tourist system, taking into
 consideration the existence of spatial spillovers. For instance, with
 other considerations being equal, tourist systems that are close to
 localities with a high growth rate in fact tend to be more developed. The
 opposite is true for localities with low-growth neighbouring systems. This
 paper therefore provides an interesting perspective on the development of
 tourism-dependent regions, in light of tourism being one of the most
 important economic sectors and yet the least explored within a regional
 development framework. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1665-1683 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903230616 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903230616 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sara   Santos Cruz 
Author-X-Name-First: Sara   Santos 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cruz 
Author-Name: Paulo Pinho 
Author-X-Name-First: Paulo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pinho 
Title: Closed Condominiums as Urban Fragments of the Contemporary City 
Abstract:
  Contemporary cities have witnessed the emergence of new real-estate
 products in which gated communities and closed condominiums (CCs) can be
 included. The proliferation of these urban products is worldwide, with
 similar patterns that are analysed in this paper according to five
 perspectives of analysis: physical, economic, social, political and
 cultural. These perspectives cross-cut some of the main issues of
 discussion of the contemporary urban debate associated with private
 residential developments. These developments seem to appeal to an
 increasing number of social groups and have been able to adapt to
 different planning systems. With a smaller scale, these developments
 emerged in Portugal in the form of CCs, and are analysed in a case study
 in Greater Oporto. The purpose of this paper is to present the Portuguese
 singularities of this phenomenon in comparison with the worldwide
 dimension. In our case study we find some important particularities
 strongly associated with the Portuguese planning system. Some of these
 particularities have negative impacts on the surrounding urban landscape.
 As a result, CCs demand specific planning policies to counteract the
 negative consequences they are likely to generate in local social and
 urban fabrics. In the absence of these policies, CCs, as well as other
 private residential developments, are likely to contribute further to an
 increasingly fragmented and divided urban landscape. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1685-1710 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903230640 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903230640 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Beatriz Plaza 
Author-X-Name-First: Beatriz 
Author-X-Name-Last: Plaza 
Author-Name: Manuel Tironi 
Author-X-Name-First: Manuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tironi 
Author-Name: Silke   N. Haarich 
Author-X-Name-First: Silke   N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Haarich 
Title: Bilbao's Art Scene and the &#x201C;Guggenheim effect&#x201D; Revisited 
Abstract:
  The article analyzes the effects of the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao (GMB),
 adopting a new research perspective and trying to pursue the links between
 the museum and Bilbao's art scene. Until now, the impact of the museum has
 been analyzed from two different perspectives. The first focused on the
 urban development and regeneration aspects and the success of the museum
 as a tourist magnet and an image-making device. The second perspective
 concentrated on the direct economic benefits of the museum, i.e. direct
 returns and effects on the economy. The missing lens in previous analyses,
 however, was the impact of the museum on the city's art landscape,
 including the art support activities. In this context, the article
 describes for the first time in a detailed way how the GMB has contributed
 to the shaping and propulsion of changes on commercial and non-profit art
 spaces in Bilbao. Although it is clear that other factors may play a role,
 it can be asserted that the effects of the museum are not only limited to
 an increase in tourism or fiscal return, but also contribute to the
 development and spatial articulation of the local art scene and public
 support of the arts. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1711-1729 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903230806 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903230806 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jon Mikel Zabala-Iturriagagoitia 
Author-X-Name-First: Jon Mikel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zabala-Iturriagagoitia 
Title: BOOK REVIEW 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1731-1732 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903230814 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903230814 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gro   Sandkjaer Hanssen 
Author-X-Name-First: Gro   Sandkjaer 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanssen 
Author-Name: Tom Johnstad 
Author-X-Name-First: Tom 
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnstad 
Author-Name: Jan   Erling Klausen 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan   Erling 
Author-X-Name-Last: Klausen 
Title: Regional Foresight, Modes of Governance and Democracy 
Abstract:
  The aim of this article is to discuss democratic potentials and pitfalls
 inherent in the use of Foresight methodologies, especially on the regional
 level. Foresight is used on the regional level as a tool for developing
 common visions about the future, strengthening the cohesion between
 regional actors and enabling coordinated action towards common goals.
 Based on broad participation, foresight represents a departure from
 expert-based scenario building and planning. The emphasis on building
 common goals and achieving coordinated action makes it feasible to
 conceptualize foresight processes as instances of governance. Based on a
 discussion on generalized modes of governance, a contention is made to the
 effect that foresight processes most closely resemble network governance
 as a general mode. With this point of departure, the paper uses arguments
 from the debate on democratic network governance to substantiate the
 discussion on the democratic aspects of foresight. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1733-1750 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903322272 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903322272 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Menelaos Gkartzios 
Author-X-Name-First: Menelaos 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gkartzios 
Author-Name: Mark Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Title: Planning for Rural Housing in the Republic of Ireland: From National Spatial Strategies to Development Plans 
Abstract:
  This paper examines the role of spatial planning as a policy framework
 for managing rural housing within an integrated territorial development
 strategy. The paper focuses on the Republic of Ireland, which provides a
 useful case for analysing spatial planning and rural housing
 relationships, due to the State's recent shift towards spatial planning
 (formalized with the publication of the Irish National Spatial Strategy),
 as well as the level of housing construction that has been observed in an
 increasingly post-productivist countryside (triggered by
 counter-urbanization flows, increased affluence and demands for second
 holiday homes, etc.). The paper reviews all policy instruments that have
 been used to manage rural housing at various scales (from national
 strategies to local level development plans). It is argued that while
 spatial planning adopts an integrative vocabulary, as policy moves down
 the spatial scale hierarchy, multi-dimensional spatial goals are
 implemented through traditional, narrow land-use regulation. This often
 leads to rural housing being addressed in isolation from its wider social
 and economic context, disconnecting housing from wider rural community
 issues and ultimately failing to deliver a coordinated and coherent
 spatial policy for managing rural settlements. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1751-1780 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903322298 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903322298 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nessa Winston 
Author-X-Name-First: Nessa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Winston 
Title: Urban Regeneration for Sustainable Development: The Role of Sustainable Housing? 
Abstract:
  This article examines the extent to which a number of urban regeneration
 approaches involve sustainable housing. Specifically, it assesses the
 potential of eco-neighbourhoods, urban villages and new urbanism to
 contribute to sustainable regeneration. The article highlights the
 advantages and disadvantages of each approach from a sustainable housing
 perspective and, in particular, evaluates the extent to which the
 environmental and social aspects are addressed in each. It concludes that
 both aspects are frequently neglected in regeneration programmes and that
 this is likely to result in unsustainable urban renewal in many cities. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1781-1796 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903322306 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903322306 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Terry van Dijk 
Author-X-Name-First: Terry 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Dijk 
Author-Name: Raoul Beunen 
Author-X-Name-First: Raoul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Beunen 
Title: Laws, People and Land Use: A Sociological Perspective on the Relation Between Laws and Land Use 
Abstract:
  Public policy is often implemented through formal laws. In contrast to
 the typically optimistic ex-ante analyses of the impact of a set of laws,
 in retrospect it may be hard to determine what the laws concretely
 produced. Particularly complicated to measure are the unintended and
 indirect effects on actors or values that were not the prime focus of the
 law. Despite the literature on these matters in other fields of research,
 among planners the theory of law implementation receives relatively little
 attention. This attitude may stem from the means-ends rationality that has
 been common to planning for so many years. This paper makes a plea for
 focusing on the interaction between people and laws so as to understand
 the outcomes. We do this by drawing insights from sociological
 perspectives on laws. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1797-1815 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903322314 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903322314 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gabi   Dei Ottati 
Author-X-Name-First: Gabi   Dei 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ottati 
Title: An Industrial District Facing the Challenges of Globalization: Prato Today 
Abstract:
  Industrial districts and clusters of small- and medium-sized enterprises
 specializing in manufacture are an important feature of the Italian
 economy (Becattini, G. & Coltorti, F. (2006) Areas of large enterprise and
 industrial districts in the development of post-war Italy. A preliminary
 survey, European Planning Studies, 14(8), pp. 1105--1138). The textile
 district of Prato is an exemplary case of the industrial district model
 (Becattini, G. (2001) The Caterpillar and the Butterfly. An Exemplary Case
 of Development in the Italy of the Industrial Districts (Felice Le
 Monnier: Firenze)), contributing 25% of the Italian exports of woollen
 products. The paper analyses the recent transformations of Prato facing
 the winds of globalization and in particular the dual challenge of global
 pressure from outside the district (due to competition from new
 industrialising countries) and from inside it (due to an ethnic economy
 formed by Chinese immigrants). The paper concludes with some
 recommendations for the revitalization of local development, and sketches
 a possible course for the Prato district. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1817-1835 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903322322 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903322322 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Silvia Sacchetti 
Author-X-Name-First: Silvia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sacchetti 
Author-Name: Philip   R. Tomlinson 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip   R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tomlinson 
Title: Economic Governance and the Evolution of Industrial Districts Under Globalization: The Case of Two Mature European Industrial Districts 
Abstract:
  For many mature European industrial districts, the present decade has
 been one of trying (and often failing) to meet the difficult challenges
 posed by the rising tide of globalization. The future of these districts
 in the new global economy has become a key issue for regional and local
 development policy, and, in this respect, it has sparked a renewed
 interest in economic governance. Economic governance is important in that
 it underpins a region's long-term economic development path. This article
 is a contribution to the study of the economic governance of industrial
 districts and the related policy debate. The article does so by
 specifically exploring the economic governance issue by considering the
 experiences and challenges currently facing two mature European industrial
 districts in the global economy. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1837-1859 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903322355 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903322355 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2008:i:12:p:1837-1859




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tomas   Gabriel Bas 
Author-X-Name-First: Tomas   Gabriel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bas 
Author-Name: Martin   H. Kunc 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin   H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kunc 
Title: National Systems of Innovations and Natural Resources Clusters: Evidence from Copper Mining Industry Patents 
Abstract:
  While natural resource-based industries are very efficient exploiting the
 natural endowments in developing countries and having an important
 participation in world markets (e.g. copper in Chile), most of them have
 not generated economic development based in knowledge-based resources in
 their societies. While this article reviews the national system of
 innovations in which the mining industry in Chile is based, we cannot
 neglect the importance of an international dimension in terms of its
 spatial dimension of the system of innovations [Fromhold-Eisebith, M.
 (2007) Bridging scales in innovation policies: How to link regional,
 national and international innovation systems, European Planning Studies,
 15, pp. 217--233.] given the globalized characteristics of the mining
 industry. We found that Chile contributes 36% of the total copper
 production in the world but the investments in research and development
 are very low compared with the revenues of the industry and there are
 almost no patents originated in Chile registered in the United States
 Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) data base, the most important market
 for knowledge-based innovations. We can conclude that Chile is still
 depending on comparative advantages rather than constructed advantages
 [Cooke, P. (2007) To construct regional advantage from innovation systems
 first build policy platforms, European Planning Studies, 15, pp.
 179--194.]. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1861-1879 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2008 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903322363 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903322363 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2008:i:12:p:1861-1879




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mei   Hsiu-Ching Ho 
Author-X-Name-First: Mei   Hsiu-Ching 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ho 
Title: How Regional Innovation Systems Play a Relative Competitive Role Within Knowledge Networks 
Abstract:
  This study aims to explain how specific regional innovation systems
 (RISs) play relative important role in the knowledge network within
 European regions. EC encourages the interactions between regions and
 develop toward a cohesion balance. The whole Europe can be taken as a
 knowledge network that consists of different RISs possessing diversified
 resources. The existences of hierarchical relationships between different
 regions seem to lead us to explain whether the path toward higher-order
 position can be done by RISs to shape the regional competence in specific
 technological fields. We establish the datasets on the basis of patent
 data (from EPO) and REGIO database. Regional-level dataset, including 129
 regions, helps to explore how different RIS develop their technological
 paths, and whether locational economic factors, technological conditions,
 and local innovativeness help RISs toward high-order position in the
 network. In addition, we also explore the role of the interaction of local
 factors for RISs in developing network position in Europe. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1881-1905 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903322389 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903322389 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:12:p:1881-1905




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephan Schmidt 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schmidt 
Title: Land Use Planning Tools and Institutional Change in Germany: Recent Developments in Local and Regional Planning 
Abstract:
  This paper seeks to understand how recent social, economic and
 institutional developments have affected the land use planning tools and
 instruments that German planners have at their disposal. Although
 traditional planning practice was focused on the equitable distribution of
 services and infrastructure and managing growth within a highly structured
 plan approval process, planning tools at both the local and regional level
 have become increasingly concerned with enhancing local or regional
 competitiveness, primarily through the inclusion of a greater number of
 actors in formulating land use decisions. I argue, however, that despite
 these changes, the overall institutional framework, which revolves around
 legal and procedural concerns such as the plan approval process or the
 granting of building permission, has generally remained unaffected, and a
 significant gap exists, particularly at the regional level, between the
 strategic goals of regional governance and actual land use planning tools. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1907-1921 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903322397 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903322397 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:12:p:1907-1921




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ivan Turok 
Author-X-Name-First: Ivan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Turok 
Title: The Moving Frontier: The Changing Geography of Production in Labour-Intensive Industries 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1923-1925 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 17 
Year: 2009 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903322405 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903322405 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:17:y:2009:i:12:p:1923-1925




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mari   Jose Aranguren 
Author-X-Name-First: Mari   Jose 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aranguren 
Author-Name: Marco Bellandi 
Author-X-Name-First: Marco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bellandi 
Author-Name: James Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Title: Territorial Industrial Development Policies and Innovation 
Abstract:
  Industrial policies are currently the focus of resurgent interest, in
 particular in the context of seeking to stimulate innovation. This
 interest has developed alongside a gradual shift in industrial
 policy-making capabilities to regional and local governments, such that
 the corresponding policies require analysis on multiple geographical
 scales. This paper introduces a special issue on territorial industrial
 development policies that are directed towards stimulating innovation. The
 issue has its roots in the 11th annual conference of the European Network
 of Industrial Policy (EUNIP), an academic network with specific interests
 in the analysis of industrial development and public policies. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1-5 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903343484 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903343484 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2010:i:1:p:1-5




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Knut Koschatzky 
Author-X-Name-First: Knut 
Author-X-Name-Last: Koschatzky 
Author-Name: Thomas Stahlecker 
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stahlecker 
Title: A new Challenge for Regional Policy-Making in Europe? Chances and Risks of the Merger Between Cohesion and Innovation Policy 
Abstract:
  Taking the implications of the cohesion policy framework for innovation
 governance as a starting point, it is the objective of this paper to
 discuss the challenges for regional policy-making with regard to a policy
 mix that is new to regional policy-makers. Based on two German regions
 representing &#x201C;convergence&#x201D; and &#x201C;competitive and
 employment&#x201D; regions it will be discussed how regional policy-makers
 can deal with this new policy approach and what could be the appropriate
 strategies, programmes and learning tools. What can be seen from both the
 Bavarian and the Saxony case studies is that the two regions apply a broad
 mix of different innovation policy measures, supporting all innovation
 policy tasks with relevance to the regional development. In both regions,
 innovation policy is not a new task, but Saxony as well as Bavaria can
 look back to a quite a long tradition in the implementation of this
 policy. Differences exist with regard to policy-learning in a way that,
 due the longer innovation policy experiences of Bavaria, more
 sophisticated structures and activities can be found in this federal
 state. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 7-25 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903343492 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903343492 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:1:p:7-25




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luciana Lazzeretti 
Author-X-Name-First: Luciana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lazzeretti 
Author-Name: Francesco Capone 
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Capone 
Author-Name: Tommaso Cinti 
Author-X-Name-First: Tommaso 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cinti 
Title: The Regional Development Platform and &#x201C;Related Variety&#x201D;: Some Evidence from Art and Food in Tuscany 
Abstract:
  A recent contribution to the regional/local development is the regional
 development platform (RDP), a tool of local policy and governance meant
 for the planning and implementation of a regional innovation system (RIS)
 with a sustainable and long-lasting competitive advantage. The aim of this
 paper is to contribute to the debate on local economic development through
 platforms of regional development, offering some specific cases in which
 the RDP model is developed not only as a top-down policy tool in support
 of innovation, but also as a bottom-up governance tool for the
 relationships among cognitively related industries. We introduce the case
 of an art and food platform in Maremma (south of Tuscany, Italy), where
 the related-variety approach is mainly focused on cross-fertilization
 among related and unrelated resources and sectors and is specifically
 applied to a rural area. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 27-45 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903343518 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903343518 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:1:p:27-45




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mari   Jose Aranguren 
Author-X-Name-First: Mari   Jose 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aranguren 
Author-Name: Miren Larrea 
Author-X-Name-First: Miren 
Author-X-Name-Last: Larrea 
Author-Name: James Wilson 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilson 
Title: Learning from the Local: Governance of Networks for Innovation in the Basque Country 
Abstract:
  As new concepts of innovation emphasizing interaction between agents have
 gained influence, regions have become acknowledged as relevant units for
 policy-making. This paper explores questions around multi-level governance
 with regards the promotion of local and regional networking initiatives
 designed to facilitate innovation. The specific case studied is that of
 the Basque Country region in Spain. As part of a response to the
 innovation challenge an initiative called Innobasque was launched in 2007
 as a region-wide framework through which to stimulate cooperation networks
 for innovation. While Innobasque is in its infancy, this paper seeks to
 draw lessons for the development of such projects from analysis of a
 smaller-scale, local case (Ezagutza Gunea) that has demonstrated
 considerable success. While the territorial coverage, goals and
 institutions implied are different in each case, the necessary
 rationalization of efforts made at different institutional levels makes it
 interesting to &#x201C;learn from the local&#x201D; in trying to
 understand complementarities and possible overlaps. We conclude that
 effective coordination of knowledge flows rooted in networks at different
 spatial scales and of different configurations (&#x201C;bottom-up&#x201D;
 and &#x201C;top-down&#x201D;) is a key challenge for regional
 policy-makers and an important area for future research. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 47-65 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903343526 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903343526 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:1:p:47-65




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marco Bellandi 
Author-X-Name-First: Marco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bellandi 
Author-Name: Annalisa Caloffi 
Author-X-Name-First: Annalisa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Caloffi 
Title: An Analysis of Regional Policies Promoting Networks for Innovation 
Abstract:
  The diffusion of system-based innovation policies calls for the
 development of an appropriate evaluation framework. Such a frame requires
 a careful definition of the unit of analysis and evaluation, since
 evaluation based on the sum of individual additional results cannot assess
 appropriately the emergence of system effects. Moreover, it requires
 experimenting with new tools for measuring the relational effects of the
 new policies. The paper aims to contribute to this challenge, proposing an
 analysis of the inner structure and the organization of regional
 innovation systems in terms of network relations, and considering its
 results for their potential contribution to the evaluation of innovation
 policies in a systemic perspective. The empirical application focuses on a
 set of policies implemented by the Tuscany Region in Italy. It highlights
 that the same policy intervention may lead to the emergence of different
 relational architectures connecting the world of research and that of
 production, depending on the different relational context
 (technological/sectoral and territorial) in which they are grounded. These
 two aspects&#x2014;the structure of the relations and the context in which
 they develop&#x2014;must be carefully combined in order to identify the
 effects of policies aimed at promoting innovation. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 67-82 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903343534 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903343534 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:1:p:67-82




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elisa Barbieri 
Author-X-Name-First: Elisa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barbieri 
Author-Name: Marco   R. Di Tommaso 
Author-X-Name-First: Marco   R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Di Tommaso 
Author-Name: Manli Huang 
Author-X-Name-First: Manli 
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang 
Title: Industrial Development Policy and Innovation in Southern China: Government Targets and Firms' Behaviour 
Abstract:
  The paper investigates the relation between firms' innovation behaviour
 and the industrial innovation policy promoted by the Guangdong Province
 Government in the framework of its &#x201C;Specialized Towns
 Program&#x201D;. In this context there are very few academic studies, and
 non-Chinese scholars are not involved in this debate; moreover, the
 attempt of self-evaluation of government institutions appears weak (or at
 least not accessible). In other words, little evidence is offered to check
 the real response of firms to the government policy apart from that
 diffused by the government itself. With the support of specific town and
 firm-level data, we investigate firms' responses to the local governments'
 innovation policy. In doing so, we suggest a set of relevant variables
 that should be considered as well as possible ways to measure them. We
 then run an empirical econometric analysis. The main findings suggest that
 among the most relevant determinants of a positive attitude towards
 government policies are the ownership structure, the background of the
 entrepreneurs in terms of their engagement in government activities and,
 to a lesser extent, the strength of the policy. We believe that, although
 these issues find in Guangdong a unique institutional setting, they are
 relevant not only for Guangdong, but can shed light on more general
 dynamics of contemporary industry. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 83-105 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903343542 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903343542 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:1:p:83-105




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nola Hewitt-Dundas 
Author-X-Name-First: Nola 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hewitt-Dundas 
Author-Name: Stephen Roper 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Roper 
Title: Output Additionality of Public Support for Innovation: Evidence for Irish Manufacturing Plants 
Abstract:
  Public support for private R&D and innovation is part of most national
 and regional innovation support regimes. In this article, we estimate the
 effect of public innovation support on innovation outputs in Ireland and
 Northern Ireland. Three dimensions of output additionality are considered:
 extensive additionality, in which public support encourages a larger
 proportion of the population of firms to innovate; improved product
 additionality, in which there is an increase in the average importance of
 incremental innovation; new product additionality, in which there is an
 increase in the average importance of more radical innovation. Using an
 instrumental variable approach, our results are generally positive, with
 public support for innovation having positive, and generally significant,
 extensive, improved and new product additionality effects. These results
 hold both for all plants and indigenously owned plants, a specific target
 of policy in both jurisdictions. The suggestion is that grant aid to firms
 can be effective in both encouraging firms to initiate new innovation and
 improve the quality and sophistication of their innovation activity. Our
 results also emphasize the importance for innovation of in-house R&D,
 supply-chain linkages, skill levels and capital investment, all of which
 may be the focus of complementary policy initiatives. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 107-122 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903343559 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903343559 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:1:p:107-122




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elvira Uyarra 
Author-X-Name-First: Elvira 
Author-X-Name-Last: Uyarra 
Author-Name: Kieron Flanagan 
Author-X-Name-First: Kieron 
Author-X-Name-Last: Flanagan 
Title: Understanding the Innovation Impacts of Public Procurement 
Abstract:
  Public procurement accounts for a significant proportion of overall
 demand for goods and services and is increasingly seen as an attractive
 and feasible instrument for furthering the goals of innovation policy.
 However, public procurement is already expected to address a wide range of
 social goals. Much of the current debate about harnessing procurement to
 promote innovation draws upon a limited set of examples which are not
 representative of the bulk of public purchasing and tend to downplay
 diversity in procurement practices and in the types of goods and services
 procured. They also downplay diversity in the nature of innovations and in
 the range of ways that procurement can impact upon innovation. A
 one-size-fits-all model is unlikely to work across all procurement
 contexts yet all types of public procurement are likely to have impacts
 upon innovation by shaping the demand environment in which suppliers
 innovate and compete. We propose a framework and typology based on the
 nature of the goods and services procured in order to explore the
 potential impacts upon markets and innovation of each. We conclude that
 public purchasing should first and foremost remain concerned with
 proximate public policy goals and that, rather than trying to co-opt
 public procurement into the innovation policy toolbox, policy-makers
 should focus on promoting innovation-friendly practices across all types
 of procurement at all levels of governance. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 123-143 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903343567 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903343567 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:1:p:123-143




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen Taylor 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor 
Title: War, Violence and Population: Making the Body Count 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 145-146 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903346255 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903346255 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2010:i:1:p:145-146




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lionel Artige 
Author-X-Name-First: Lionel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Artige 
Author-Name: Rosella Nicolini 
Author-X-Name-First: Rosella 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nicolini 
Title: Market Potential, Productivity and Foreign Direct Investment: Some Evidence from Three Case Studies 
Abstract:
  This paper aims at analysing the importance of local determinants to
 foreign direct investment (FDI) in three European regional case studies.
 The originality of the approach lies in the use of disaggregated data by
 sector and by region. The results are three-fold. First, regional demand
 and productivity are fundamental FDI determinants, confirming most studies
 with national data. Second, regional FDI inflows are more dependent on
 regional than national determinants. Finally, the effect of market
 potential measured with absolute gross domestic product (GDP) on regional
 FDI diminishes linearly with distance and does not when measured with GDP
 per capita. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 147-168 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903491531 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903491531 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:2:p:147-168




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tommi Inkinen 
Author-X-Name-First: Tommi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Inkinen 
Author-Name: Katri Suorsa 
Author-X-Name-First: Katri 
Author-X-Name-Last: Suorsa 
Title: Intermediaries in Regional Innovation Systems: High-Technology Enterprise Survey from Northern Finland 
Abstract:
  Intermediaries play an important role in national as well as in regional
 innovation systems, especially in innovation policy. In linking
 organizations within an innovation system, intermediaries are focusing on
 technology transfer, commercialization of ideas and funding. This research
 focuses on the role of intermediaries in high-technology product
 development in northern Finland. Based on a survey of 168 high-technology
 enterprises, funding services are regarded as the most important activity
 of intermediaries. Our results show that finance matters: a key actor
 within the Finnish innovation system in terms of direct funding and
 indirect collaborative resourcing, the Finnish Funding Agency for
 Technology and Innovation (TEKES), is considered the most important public
 sector organization in private sector product development. The survey also
 reveals that growth-driven companies with emphases on product innovation
 and high levels of investment in research and development for increasing
 their annual turnover benefit the most from intermediaries. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 169-187 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2008 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903491556 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903491556 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2008:i:2:p:169-187




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thierry Theurillat 
Author-X-Name-First: Thierry 
Author-X-Name-Last: Theurillat 
Author-Name: Jose Corpataux 
Author-X-Name-First: Jose 
Author-X-Name-Last: Corpataux 
Author-Name: Olivier Crevoisier 
Author-X-Name-First: Olivier 
Author-X-Name-Last: Crevoisier 
Title: Property Sector Financialization: The Case of Swiss Pension Funds (1992--2005) 
Abstract:
  Financialization is a major trend in Western economies. This paper shows,
 on the one hand, how it changes the management criteria and, on the other
 hand, the limits to financialization in the property sector. Between 1992
 and 2004, about 15% of Swiss pension funds' wealth was invested in
 property. As far as their investment policy is concerned, pension funds
 have two choices. First, they can directly own, and have management
 responsibility for, the properties in their portfolios. Alternatively,
 they can buy shares in mainly Zurich-based investment vehicles. In the
 first case, pension funds require staff with the relevant expertise along
 with the knowledge of property markets. Investments have a regional focus
 and are assessed internally by the funds. In the second case, pension
 funds are merely investors and investment appraisals and comparisons are
 made on the basis of market criteria such as yield, diversification in
 relation to risk and liquidity. In this case, property investments focus
 solely on the country's main urban areas. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 189-212 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2008 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903491507 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903491507 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2008:i:2:p:189-212




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ching-Mu Chen 
Author-X-Name-First: Ching-Mu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen 
Author-Name: Konstantinos   A. Melachroinos 
Author-X-Name-First: Konstantinos   A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Melachroinos 
Author-Name: Kang-Tsung Chang 
Author-X-Name-First: Kang-Tsung 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chang 
Title: FDI and Local Economic Development: The Case of Taiwanese Investment in Kunshan 
Abstract:
  The extent to which foreign direct investment (FDI) can foster the
 long-term economic development of lagging regions remains a highly debated
 issue in the literature, even in the current era of intense territorial
 competition for mobile investment and resources. The emergence of new
 industrial spaces in China that have flourished through FDI offers a good
 opportunity to revisit the topic. Kunshan in Suzhou, China has evolved
 from an impoverished area into a world-class information technology (IT)
 centre within 25 years. FDI, mainly from Taiwan, has enabled Kunshan to
 gradually upgrade its economy, following a development path that has been
 largely based on the transplant of entire production chains from Taiwan.
 Local innovative strategies for attracting and increasing the embeddedness
 of Taiwanese FDI are also an important element of Kunshan's success. This
 paper discusses the positive aspects, as well as the potential costs and
 negative facets, of FDI in Kunshan, with the view to draw some policy
 lessons regarding the impact of FDI on the economic development of lagging
 regions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 213-238 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2008 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903491564 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903491564 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2008:i:2:p:213-238




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Tewdwr-Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tewdwr-Jones 
Author-Name: Nick Gallent 
Author-X-Name-First: Nick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gallent 
Author-Name: Janice Morphet 
Author-X-Name-First: Janice 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morphet 
Title: An Anatomy of Spatial Planning: Coming to Terms with the Spatial Element in UK Planning 
Abstract:
  &#x201C;Spatial planning&#x201D; is a phrase that now resonates
 throughout many planning systems across the globe. It is being used as a
 label to describe pan-national, regional, strategic and even aspects of
 local planning processes. Within the UK, spatial planning is being
 utilized alongside, or even in place of, more traditional phraseology
 associated with planning, such as &#x201C;town and country
 planning&#x201D;. It is being used by a range of institutions of the
 State, professional groups and academic commentators to describe the
 processes of planning reform, modernization, policy integration, and
 strategic governance that politically are now required to make planning
 fit for purpose in the 21st century. The precise meaning and definition of
 spatial planning remains difficult to pin down, as does its origins within
 the UK. This paper attempts to dissect the various components of the
 spatial planning phrase and set out the meaning and origins of the term in
 the UK context. It covers re-territorialization, Europeanization and
 integration origins of spatial planning thinking and provides a
 conceptual, rather than practical, debate on the anatomy of spatial
 planning, situated within ongoing processes of institutional
 transformation, through the lens of governance and distinctiveness in
 state policy development. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 239-257 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2008 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903491572 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903491572 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthias Buchecker 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthias 
Author-X-Name-Last: Buchecker 
Author-Name: Christine Meier 
Author-X-Name-First: Christine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Meier 
Author-Name: Marcel Hunziker 
Author-X-Name-First: Marcel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hunziker 
Title: Measuring the Effects of Consensus-building Processes with Methods of Intervention Research 
Abstract:
  In recent years, both environmental policy and research have emphasized
 the importance of involving the public in decision-making. This push for
 more participation is driven by considerable optimism about its ability to
 improve the quality of decisions and developments. There is, however, a
 lack of empirical research to support this assumption. The few studies
 that have attempted to measure the effect of public participation are of
 limited validity, as they were based on <italic>ex-post</italic> data
 mainly gained from expert assessments or document analysis. This paper
 reports on a recent study to measure and compare the effect of two
 consensus-building processes in a systematic and reliable way. This
 involved developing a new evaluation method based on the methodology of
 intervention research in environmental psychology. It was tested and
 applied in this study with two similarly designed consensus-building
 processes conducted in two neighbouring valleys of the Eastern Swiss Alps.
 These evaluation experiments showed that (a) the new evaluation method can
 measure and compare the effects of consensus-building processes in a
 differentiated and reliable way; and (b) consensus-building processes have
 systematic and partly statistically significant effects (at least in the
 short term) on several aspects of regional consensus. The initial results
 suggest that this new evaluation method is a promising way of obtaining
 reliable evidence about the societal effects of participatory processes. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 259-280 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903491580 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903491580 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:2:p:259-280




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bahar Gedikli 
Author-X-Name-First: Bahar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gedikli 
Title: Examination of the Interpretation of Strategic Spatial Planning in Three Cases from Turkey1 
Abstract:
  Strategic spatial planning is a multi-actor approach through which
 relevant parties come together, discuss the problems and potentials of
 their locality and formulate a shared vision, strategies and projects for
 multiple sectors. Obviously, this planning approach comprises certain
 methods and techniques; however, it is reinterpreted in different ways in
 the planning systems of different countries due to their specific
 legislative, economic, administrative and social backgrounds. What is
 more, the use of this approach may vary even between localities in the
 same country, depending on the perception of the stakeholders and methods
 of collaboration. Despite varying perceptions and methods of adoption, it
 is possible to say that contemporary strategic planning practices display
 two constants, which are (1) a multi-actor (or participatory) planning
 process and (2) a multi-dimensional (or multi-sectoral) plan. Once these
 two characteristics are provided, the so-called nation-specific and
 local-specific differences show themselves in the organization of
 multi-actor planning processes, and in the contents and forms of strategic
 plans. The method of adoption and interpretation of the mentioned
 characteristics is illustrated by three cases (at regional, provincial and
 local levels) from Turkey. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 281-297 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903491481 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903491481 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:2:p:281-297




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Umberto   Janin Rivolin 
Author-X-Name-First: Umberto   Janin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rivolin 
Title: Spatial Units for EU Territorial Governance: Findings From a Study on North-Western Italy 
Abstract:
  This article explores the possibility of identifying spatial units that
 are more suitable to manage the European Union territorial governance
 process than the traditional administrative districts or crude statistical
 partitions. To this purpose, the article presents a study on North-Western
 Italy, which the author has developed recently in the framework of a
 research project promoted by the Italian Ministry of Infrastructures to
 prepare a spatial vision for the Italian National Strategic Reference
 Framework under the EU cohesion policy 2007--2013. While updating the
 reader on the Italian approach to EU cohesion policy and on developments
 in this area, the article particularly draws the attention of European
 planners to the concept of &#x201C;Interdependent Territorial
 Systems&#x201D; as spatial units contributing to combine the relevant
 dimensions of EU territorial governance in a proactive planning process. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 299-316 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903491598 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903491598 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2010:i:2:p:299-316




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J.   Adam Holbrook 
Author-X-Name-First: J.   Adam 
Author-X-Name-Last: Holbrook 
Author-Name: David Arthurs 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Arthurs 
Author-Name: Erin Cassidy 
Author-X-Name-First: Erin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cassidy 
Title: Understanding the Vancouver Hydrogen and Fuel Cells Cluster: A Case Study of Public Laboratories and Private Research&#x2021; 
Abstract:
  Conventional analyses of conventional industrial clusters look at the
 local, regional,1 national and global factors affecting their ability to
 compete and grow. However, it is beginning to become apparent that in at
 least a few cutting-edge, high-technology areas, firms compete directly on
 a global basis for talent and markets. A case study of the fuel cell
 cluster in Vancouver, Canada appears to confirm this proposition. Policy
 makers have realized that this cluster must compete on the world market if
 it is to succeed. The cluster is endowed with several favourable factors
 including a high quality of life for its human capital and strong support
 for demonstration projects. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 317-328 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903491648 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903491648 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Euan Hague 
Author-X-Name-First: Euan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hague 
Title: Mobility in Daily Life: Between Freedom and Unfreedom 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 329-331 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903498015 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903498015 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Chiarvesio 
Author-X-Name-First: Maria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chiarvesio 
Author-Name: Eleonora Di Maria 
Author-X-Name-First: Eleonora 
Author-X-Name-Last: Di Maria 
Author-Name: Stefano Micelli 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefano 
Author-X-Name-Last: Micelli 
Title: Global Value Chains and Open Networks: The Case of Italian Industrial Districts 
Abstract:
  Italian district small and medium enterprises (SMEs) developed aggressive
 strategies to extend their sales networks and supply chains abroad.
 Literature on districts offered alternative explanations about the impacts
 of internationalization on local manufacturing systems. The authors
 consider the evolution of Italian districts in the framework of global
 value chain approach, focusing on the role of leading firms. Based on a
 survey of 650 Italian SMEs and financial indicators, the paper describes
 the rise of a new district firm model, the open network, which becomes a
 key node of global value chains. The paper also analyses the relationships
 among internationalization, innovation strategies and performance of SMEs. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 333-350 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2008 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903497637 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903497637 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2008:i:3:p:333-350




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M.   D. Parrilli 
Author-X-Name-First: M.   D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Parrilli 
Author-Name: M.   J. Aranguren 
Author-X-Name-First: M.   J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aranguren 
Author-Name: M. Larrea 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Larrea 
Title: The Role of Interactive Learning to Close the &#x201C;Innovation Gap&#x201D; in SME-Based Local Economies: A Furniture Cluster in the Basque Country and its Key Policy Implications 
Abstract:
  This paper identifies an &#x201C;innovation gap&#x201D; in the
 (in)efficient relation between innovation structures and production
 systems in SME-based economies and, by elucidating an implicit aspect of
 key theoretical contributions from Lundvall and Cooke, among others, sets
 the basis for a policy focus that may help reducing those margins of
 inefficiency. In this work, we identify three interdependent drivers of
 innovation: the &#x201C;critical mass&#x201D; of firms in a specific
 geographical location; the formation of &#x201C;organizations&#x201D;
 devoted to the creation and diffusion of knowledge and innovations; the
 ignition of &#x201C;learning processes&#x201D; within the production
 system that help catalyse significant innovations within the local
 economy. We suggest that the importance of processes of codified knowledge
 flows needs to be complemented by interactive flows of tacit knowledge
 that help overcoming the &#x201C;innovation gap&#x201D; that often exists
 between firms and knowledge institutions. Since this gap represents the
 inefficiency of the innovation structures, we suggest that it should be
 targeted by policy-makers and business associations as a central issue for
 innovation promotion through actions that intensify interactions and
 learning processes through bottom-up initiatives. These elements are
 analysed in a furniture cluster in the Basque Country and are highlighted
 on the basis of successful micro-territorial experiences. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 351-370 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903497660 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903497660 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin T. W. Rosenfeld 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin T. W. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rosenfeld 
Author-Name: Christoph Hornych 
Author-X-Name-First: Christoph 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hornych 
Title: Could Cities in De-Industrialized Regions Become Hot Spots for Attracting Cultural Businesses? The Case of Media Industry in Halle an der Saale (Germany) 
Abstract:
  Policy-makers from many regions where old industrial structures in the
 field of manufacturing have collapsed are trying to stimulate
 entrepreneurial activities of businesses in the cultural industry. The
 question is whether this strategy could be successful. This article
 examines the strategy of supporting the sector of media industry
 (&#x201C;MI&#x201D;) by policy-makers in the region of Halle in East
 Germany, where a strong de-industrialization has taken place after the
 German reunification. Stimulated by the policy-makers' support measures,
 there actually was a remarkable development of MI. However, the number of
 MI firms and their employees did not further increase in recent years,
 after having reached a certain level. This illustrates the limits of
 political measures for turning a city's path of industrial development
 voluntarily. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 371-384 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2008 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903497694 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903497694 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Smith 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith 
Title: The Development of &#x201C;Sports-City&#x201D; Zones and Their Potential Value as Tourism Resources for Urban Areas 
Abstract:
  In recent years, several cities have constructed new sports facilities in
 concentrated areas or supplemented existing facilities to create a themed
 sport zone. Some have branded these areas as &#x201C;sports cities&#x201D;
 to give them visibility and coherence. This research assesses the
 rationale for these projects, in particular, their potential value as new
 tourist areas for cities. Although the relationship between sport and
 cities is an established part of urban studies, there is currently little
 research that explicitly addresses this new phenomenon of themed areas of
 cities dedicated to sport. To address the lack of previous work, existing
 literature on comparable manifestations of themed urban areas is used as a
 conceptual basis for the paper. A comparative analysis is then conducted
 of four specific schemes: &#x201C;SportCity&#x201D;, Manchester (UK);
 &#x201C;The International Sports Village&#x201D;, Cardiff (UK);
 &#x201C;The Aspire Zone&#x201D;, Doha (Qatar) and &#x201C;Dubai Sports
 City&#x201D; (UAE). These different sports-city zones are compared and
 evaluated with reference to issues raised in the literature. The paper
 concludes that, to be successful, sports-city zones need to be planned as
 such, and not merely employed as convenient brands for existing events
 facilities. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 385-410 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2008 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903497702 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903497702 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pavlos Karanikolas 
Author-X-Name-First: Pavlos 
Author-X-Name-Last: Karanikolas 
Author-Name: Sophia Hatzipanteli 
Author-X-Name-First: Sophia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hatzipanteli 
Title: The Decentralization Process of Rural Development Policy in Greece 
Abstract:
  This study aims at critically assessing the decentralization process of
 rural policy-making and delivery in Greece. Drawing upon a case study of
 the farm modernization scheme, research findings indicate that despite
 remarkable decentralization efforts, rural development in Greece seems to
 maintain its primarily state-emanated design and implementation.
 Long-standing top-down and sectoral orientation in the formulation of this
 policy still holds. Apart from the redistribution of responsibilities and
 the multiplication of competent authorities, a genuine delegation of
 competencies and resources is needed, coupled with a renewed awareness of
 integrated policies from the actors involved at all administrative levels. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 411-434 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2008 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903497710 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903497710 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jes&#xFA;s   Manuel L&#xF3;pez-Bonilla 
Author-X-Name-First: Jes&#xFA;s   Manuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: L&#xF3;pez-Bonilla 
Author-Name: Luis   Miguel L&#xF3;pez-Bonilla 
Author-X-Name-First: Luis   Miguel 
Author-X-Name-Last: L&#xF3;pez-Bonilla 
Author-Name: Borja Sanz-Altamira 
Author-X-Name-First: Borja 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sanz-Altamira 
Title: Designated Public Festivals of Interest to Tourists 
Abstract:
  Event tourism is part of the appeal of a destination and an important
 contributor to the well-being of communities. This paper examines the
 festivals classified of interest to tourists by the Spanish Tourist Board.
 The declaration of Festivals of Interest to Tourists (FITs) is granted to
 those festivals which demonstrate cultural values and popular traditions,
 with special consideration to their ethnological characteristics and to
 their particular importance as a tourist attraction. These festivals
 provide new opportunities to attract visitors to the places where they are
 held. Local and regional policies can take advantage of the FITs in order
 to increase the appeal of a tourist destination. This paper details an
 exploratory analysis of FITs in Spanish provinces. This study aims to
 group the provinces according to the characteristics of their FITs. To
 this end, a cluster analysis is performed and the validity is established
 using the unbiased estimator out-of-bag. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 435-447 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2008 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903497728 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903497728 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francisco   Javier De Miguel-Velez 
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco   Javier 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Miguel-Velez 
Author-Name: Jesus Perez-Mayo 
Author-X-Name-First: Jesus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Perez-Mayo 
Title: Poverty Reduction and SAM Multipliers: An Evaluation of Public Policies in a Regional Framework 
Abstract:
  The objective of this paper is to obtain several poverty reduction
 effects by using multipliers based on social accounting matrices.
 Expressions relating them to Foster, Greer and Thorbecke poverty measures
 were derived, and two simulations were carried out for the Spanish region
 of Extremadura. In the first, we posited a per capita transfer equivalent
 to certain social policy instruments already existing in this region.
 Structural path analysis is also used to determine the paths by which
 poverty reduction effects are transmitted. In the second, we calculate the
 minimum government expenditure in transfers needed to reduce the regional
 poverty indices to the national values. The results confirmed that the
 main feature of poverty in Extremadura is incidence. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 449-466 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2008 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903497751 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903497751 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2008:i:3:p:449-466




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kevin Thomas 
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thomas 
Author-Name: Steve Littlewood 
Author-X-Name-First: Steve 
Author-X-Name-Last: Littlewood 
Title: A European Programme for Skills to Deliver Sustainable Communities: Recent Steps Towards Developing a Discourse 
Abstract:
  Arguments about the need to improve &#x201C;skills for sustainable
 communities&#x201D; have emerged recently in the context of debates around
 spatial and territorial polices for the EU. This debate has been driven by
 the UK government as part of its contribution to framing debates around
 what should follow on from the European Spatial Development Perspective. A
 programme to shape spatial policy discourse around a skills agenda within
 EU policy circles was mounted, with considerable UK government support,
 and this paper explores the success of this attempt, using concepts
 familiar within environmental policy discourse analysis. We suggest that
 the attempt met with some success, but achieved a lower level of policy
 influence than was hoped for, and the paper goes on to examine the reasons
 for this. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 467-484 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903497793 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903497793 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2010:i:3:p:467-484




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alfia Mangano 
Author-X-Name-First: Alfia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mangano 
Title: Community Pharmacies in the City Area: Evidence from an Italian Province 
Abstract:
  Pharmacy opening and pharmacy location are heavily regulated in Italy.
 This paper investigates how pharmacies are positioned in the city area and
 analyses the role of some factors relevant for gaining access to pharmacy
 services and competition. For this purpose, a probit regression model has
 been estimated. A main finding is that the spread of pharmacies all over
 the city area is unbalanced. The number of residents in the surroundings
 is not a main determinant of location. In spite of the availability of
 competing outlets nearby, pharmacies tend to be situated in areas
 attracting visitors as part of the working and travel circuits. This
 contributes to good access to the extent to which consumers can easily get
 to the pharmacy from the doctor's office as well as from work or shopping.
 However, while multiple outlets are available in the areas offering better
 business opportunities, the other parts of the municipal district are
 often unsupplied. As a result, accessibility within the city area is not
 the same for all residents. Several aspects of the overall pharmacy market
 regulation prove unsuited for opposing this pattern of location. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 485-496 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310903498007 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310903498007 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2010:i:3:p:485-496




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlos   Nunes Silva 
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos   Nunes 
Author-X-Name-Last: Silva 
Title: Book Review 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 497-499 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003593796 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003593796 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2010:i:3:p:497-499




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: T&#xFC;z&#x131;n Baycan-Levent 
Author-X-Name-First: T&#xFC;z&#x131;n 
Author-X-Name-Last: Baycan-Levent 
Author-Name: Peter Nijkamp 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nijkamp 
Title: Diversity and Creativity as a Research and Policy Challenge 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 501-504 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003593812 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003593812 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:4:p:501-504




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Wedemeier 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wedemeier 
Title: The Impact of the Creative Sector on Growth in German Regions 
Abstract:
  The objective of this paper is to analyse the impact of the creative
 sector&#x2014;technological employees and bohemians&#x2014;on economic
 growth in Germany's planning regions. It is concluded that technological
 employees and bohemians foster growth. We find that growth is particularly
 dynamic in agglomerated and urbanized regions. Among regional factors
 relevant to the location decisions of creative professionals, diversity is
 analysed in particular, as it might stimulate growth because of its
 potential to increase the rate of interchange of different ideas and
 knowledge. The analysis of both&#x2014;creative professionals and
 diversity&#x2014;is related to two current topics in regional economics,
 namely the knowledge-based economy and its effects on city development,
 and the topic of creative cities. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 505-520 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003593473 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003593473 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:4:p:505-520




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ayda Eraydin 
Author-X-Name-First: Ayda 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eraydin 
Author-Name: Tuna Tasan-Kok 
Author-X-Name-First: Tuna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tasan-Kok 
Author-Name: Jan Vranken 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vranken 
Title: Diversity Matters: Immigrant Entrepreneurship and Contribution of Different Forms of Social Integration in Economic Performance of Cities 
Abstract:
  While it is quite common in studies of diversity to focus on its negative
 aspects, this paper specifically aims to emphasize the contribution of
 immigrants to the urban economic performance. By exploring different kinds
 of social integration, this paper discusses how immigrant groups can be
 important agents of urban economic growth and competitiveness by
 liberating creative forces and enhancing the competitiveness. Immigrant
 entrepreneurship is defined as the most important means of social
 inclusion and sustained economic performance in two different cities, with
 different features yet hosting considerable number of immigrants with
 diverse characteristics, namely Antwerp (Belgium) and Izmir (Turkey). The
 findings of our two case studies reveal that different kinds of diversity
 play an important role in urban economic performance. Immigrants
 contribute to the growth of different forms of production and services,
 not only because of their talents and skills, but also because of their
 social connections. Social capital enables immigrants to survive in a
 recipient country, and integrate into an economy as active agents. They
 can fill the gaps in an economy as entrepreneurs or the skilled labour,
 which are the most important assets for the cities aiming sustained
 economic growth in volatile economic conditions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 521-543 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003593556 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003593556 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:4:p:521-543




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aliye   Ahu G&#xFC;l&#xFC;mser 
Author-X-Name-First: Aliye   Ahu 
Author-X-Name-Last: G&#xFC;l&#xFC;mser 
Author-Name: T&#xFC;z&#x131;n Baycan-Levent 
Author-X-Name-First: T&#xFC;z&#x131;n 
Author-X-Name-Last: Baycan-Levent 
Author-Name: Peter Nijkamp 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nijkamp 
Title: Measuring Regional Creative Capacity: A Literature Review for Rural-Specific Approaches 
Abstract:
  Recent theories on regional creative capacity often focus on urban
 regions without taking into account rural regions. In addition, the
 application of such analyses to rural regions may lead to
 misrepresentation or misunderstanding of rural creative capacity. Against
 this background, the aim of the present study is to integrate the existing
 literature on different components of creative capacity, namely,
 knowledge, innovation, entrepreneurship and networks, in order to build a
 more comprehensive framework for rural creative capacity and its
 evaluation. In the light of the perspective from the empirical literature
 review on the evaluation of creative capacity in rural regions, various
 empirical measurements seem to misrepresent or underestimate the creative
 capacity of rural regions. Therefore, there is a clear need to use the
 locality in relation to its dynamics, i.e. tacit knowledge, cultural
 heritage and social and physical environment as the main and basic
 measurement unit for creative capacity analysis. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 545-563 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003593614 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003593614 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:4:p:545-563




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: T&#xFC;z&#x131;n Baycan-Levent 
Author-X-Name-First: T&#xFC;z&#x131;n 
Author-X-Name-Last: Baycan-Levent 
Title: Diversity and Creativity as Seedbeds for Urban and Regional Dynamics 
Abstract:
  The present study aims to investigate: (i) whether, why and how diversity
 affects the creative capacity of cities and regions, (ii) under which
 conditions diversity can be the source of urban and regional competitive
 advantage in knowledge-intensive activities and (iii) which are the key
 assets, infrastructures and policy tools required to foster the
 development of creative, competitive and cohesive places. Diversity and
 creativity are complex and multi-faceted issues, and to understand their
 roles and effects, contributions from various social sciences are
 required. Therefore, the study examines the dynamics of diversity and
 creativity at different levels from individual to group and society, at
 different scales from team or organization to cities and regions and from
 different perspectives including the disciplines of psychology, sociology
 and economics. While underlying the interconnection between diversity and
 creativity, the study specifically focuses on the direct economic, social
 and spatial implications of diversity and creativity in cities and
 regions. Why some places (cities and regions) are more attractive than
 some others for diverse and creative people and innovative and creative
 activities? The paper aims to put current debates about diversity and
 creative cities in context and perspective. The discussion considers the
 policy roadmap to the creative city and challenges for governments. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 565-594 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003593663 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003593663 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:4:p:565-594




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Nijkamp 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nijkamp 
Author-Name: Frank Zwetsloot 
Author-X-Name-First: Frank 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zwetsloot 
Author-Name: Sander van der Wal 
Author-X-Name-First: Sander 
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Wal 
Title: Innovation and Growth Potentials of European Regions: A Meta-Multicriteria Analysis 
Abstract:
  Creative regions are nowadays seen as foci of innovation and growth and
 are hence regarded strategic areas in a fierce&#x2014;and often
 global&#x2014;competition. This paper aims at providing an operational
 assessment framework for evaluating the innovation potential of competing
 regions on the basis of statistical indicators that mirror the indigenous
 regional creative resources. A set of five distinct evaluation methods is
 proposed to assess this innovation potential, on the basis of a
 comparative study on nine regions in Europe. This approach enables us to
 identify and rank the most promising regions. The robustness of the
 findings is tested by applying a meta-multicriteria analysis. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 595-611 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003593515 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003593515 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:4:p:595-611




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger   R. Stough 
Author-X-Name-First: Roger   R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stough 
Title: Leadership and Creativity in Regional Economic Development 
Abstract:
  Leadership and institutions have long been considered important elements
 in regional economic growth and change, but because they are for the most
 part latent variables in the more traditional methods of modelling
 economic growth and development, they have received limited attention of
 scholars in the field. This paper presents a theory of leadership and
 institutional grounded economic development and examines its efficacy
 through the presentation of a variety of case study material of regions
 that have experienced successful (and unsuccessful) economic development
 through leadership-directed change. Case studies are from various parts of
 the world. The contingency theory of leadership forms the core of the
 theoretical leadership element. The case studies illustrate the diversity
 of and therefore creative approaches taken to adapt economies to rapid
 change and disequilibrium conditions 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 613-627 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003593697 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003593697 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:4:p:613-627




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juan G&#xF3;mez García 
Author-X-Name-First: Juan 
Author-X-Name-Last: G&#xF3;mez García 
Author-Name: María del Rocio Moreno Enguix 
Author-X-Name-First: María 
Author-X-Name-Last: del Rocio Moreno Enguix 
Author-Name: Juan G&#xF3;mez Gallego 
Author-X-Name-First: Juan 
Author-X-Name-Last: G&#xF3;mez Gallego 
Title: Efficiency on the Implementation of Structural Funds by European Regions: An Analysis of the Objective 1 Regions over the Period 2000--2006 
Abstract:
  Given the large volume of resources employed in policies financed by the
 Structural Funds and the importance of the Objectives pursued, this paper
 seeks to perform an analysis of the efficiency of the application of these
 resources to increase productivity and employment by those regions
 classified as Objective 1 over the period 2000--2006. In the first place
 we are going to identify which are the most efficient regions by
 calculating both the level of efficiency according to the results obtained
 from the resources used (pure technical efficiency (PTE)) and the degree
 of efficiency according to their optimum production capacity (scale
 efficiency (SE)) and we have determine the &#x201C;Reference Set&#x201D;
 for inefficient regions. Finally, we will analyse the extent to which
 certain factors have repercussions on the efficiency such as country,
 geographical location and contribution of agriculture of GDP. The result
 indicates that the PTE of the regions are higher level although it does
 operate on an optimum scale. Furthermore, the country, geographical
 location and contribution of agriculture of GDP have significantly
 influences of PTE and SE. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 629-652 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003593754 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003593754 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2010:i:4:p:629-652




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yelda   Aydin Turk 
Author-X-Name-First: Yelda   Aydin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Turk 
Author-Name: &#x15E;&#x131;nas&#x131; Aydem&#x131;r 
Author-X-Name-First: &#x15E;&#x131;nas&#x131; 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aydem&#x131;r 
Title: Transformation in Retailing Behaviour, Patterns and Spatial Settings: The Case of the City of Trabzon 
Abstract:
  This paper investigates the spatial distribution and transformation of
 retailing and services in the city of Trabzon, which is historically a
 monocentric city and which has been in a process of changing into a
 polycentric form following the population and spatial growths of the city
 and the development of its trade and commerce. A questionnaire survey was
 conducted by Aydin in 2001 in 26 neighbourhoods of the city to quantify
 the distribution of central functions among them in order to understand
 the transformation in time, and comparisons were made with the findings of
 earlier studies made by Aydemir (<italic>1978, Do&#x11F;u Karadeniz
 B&#xF6;lgesi Trabzon Alt B&#xF6;lgesi (TBAB) Kentsel Etki
 Alanlar&#x131;n&#x131;n Saptanmas&#x131; &#x130;&#xE7;in Y&#xF6;ntem:
 Etkile&#x15F;im Esas&#x131;</italic> (&#x130;stanbul: &#x130;T&#xDC;,
 Mimarl&#x131;k Fak&#xFC;ltesi)) and Trabzon Analytical Study (1968,
 &#x130;ller Bankas&#x131;, Ankara, G&#xFC;zel Sanatlar Matbaas&#x131;
 A.&#x15E;.) to show the transformations in terms of quality, quantity and
 spatial dispersion. However, the transformation is ongoing since 2000 in
 the form of first shopping markets then shopping centres and the large
 shopping malls. The main findings of the paper are the changes in the
 number and quality in retail shopping, increasing specialization in
 central functions and spatial dispersion towards sub-centres which are not
 planned according to the current development plan. Therefore, there is a
 need for a planned development of these sub-centres and shopping centres
 in order to prevent a misuse of scarce land, which will be needed for
 further use in the future. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 653-664 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003593770 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003593770 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2010:i:4:p:653-664




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alasdair Rae 
Author-X-Name-First: Alasdair 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rae 
Title: Urban and Regional Policy and Its Effects (Volume 2) 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 665-667 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003593283 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003593283 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2010:i:4:p:665-667




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yael   M. Levitte 
Author-X-Name-First: Yael   M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Levitte 
Author-Name: Sharmistha Bagchi-Sen 
Author-X-Name-First: Sharmistha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bagchi-Sen 
Title: Demographics, Innovative Outputs and Alliance Strategies of Canadian Biotech Firms 
Abstract:
  This paper focuses on the characteristics of biotech firms that consider
 alliances as critical to the innovation and commercialization of
 biotech-based products. First, we consider alliances with both
 universities and industries. Next, we examine attributes for those firms
 who consider proximity to universities as critical compared with others
 that do not put high value on physical proximity. Our study is informed by
 the literature on the biotechnology industry as well as studies on
 absorptive capacity, alliances and clusters in exploration and
 exploitation of knowledge, research and technologies. We analyse data
 based on a 2002 survey of Canadian biotech firms and find that while
 collaborative arrangements with universities are the most common among our
 sample firms, those who assign a high value to such linkages are not
 necessarily always the biotech firms experiencing commercial success. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 669-690 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003593986 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003593986 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:5:p:669-690




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jessie P. H. Poon 
Author-X-Name-First: Jessie P. H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Poon 
Author-Name: Suksawat Sajarattanochote 
Author-X-Name-First: Suksawat 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sajarattanochote 
Title: Asian Transnational Enterprises and Technology Transfer in Thailand 
Abstract:
  Like many of its neighbours, Thailand is increasingly interested in
 upgrading the technological capability of its indigenous firms through the
 inward investment (foreign direct investment, FDI) of transnational
 enterprises (TNEs). Its science and technology policies, however, remain
 fragmented, and they compete with regional distribution priorities. This
 paper examines the nature of technology transfer between Asian TNEs (Japan
 and the newly industrializing economies (NIEs), that is, the NIEs of Hong
 Kong, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan) and Thai firms based on the
 responses of some 145 firms from a 2005 survey. It finds only modest
 levels of technological transfer in production and process technologies.
 Asian TNEs evaluate factor cost advantages and government incentives
 favourably. Logistic regressions, however, indicate that government
 incentives are negatively related to technology process modification
 between NIE subsidiaries and Thai customers. But, the technical training
 of Thai workers significantly increases the likelihood of Asian
 subsidiaries undertaking process technology transfers. Among NIE firms,
 the ability to import foreign skilled labour further increases the
 likelihood of such technological activities. Finally, forward linkages
 among the NIEs are positively associated with firm location in the urban
 agglomerations of Bangkok and Chon Buri, and, among smaller firms. Our
 study suggests that prevailing FDI policies have little influence on
 technology transfer, while technology policies that favour large TNEs work
 against smaller NIEs that are engaged in modest technology transfer. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 691-707 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003594026 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003594026 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:5:p:691-707




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Caroline   A. Rodenburg 
Author-X-Name-First: Caroline   A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodenburg 
Author-Name: Peter Nijkamp 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nijkamp 
Author-Name: Henri L. F. De Groot 
Author-X-Name-First: Henri L. F. 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Groot 
Author-Name: Erik   T. Verhoef 
Author-X-Name-First: Erik   T. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Verhoef 
Title: Willingness to Pay for Multifunctional Megaprojects: A Stated Preference Analysis Among Firms in the Amsterdam Zuidas Area 
Abstract:
  Urban (re-)development projects may generate various positive and
 negative spatial externalities to employers. The assessment of such
 benefits is fraught with many methodological and empirical problems. This
 study aims to assess the order of magnitude of expected net benefits for
 incumbent employers that may accrue from a large-scale development project
 in the Zuidas area in the South-Western part of Amsterdam, the
 Netherlands. This development project is planned to transform the area
 into a large multifunctional urban agglomeration. We employ a specific
 stated preference method (namely, a willingness-to-pay method) to gauge
 the project's net socio-economic benefits for the current firms in the
 area concerned, paying special attention to the benefits associated with
 multifunctionality. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 709-735 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003594042 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003594042 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:5:p:709-735




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eva   Irene Falleth 
Author-X-Name-First: Eva   Irene 
Author-X-Name-Last: Falleth 
Author-Name: Gro   Sandkjaer Hanssen 
Author-X-Name-First: Gro   Sandkjaer 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanssen 
Author-Name: Inger   Lise Saglie 
Author-X-Name-First: Inger   Lise 
Author-X-Name-Last: Saglie 
Title: Challenges to Democracy in Market-Oriented Urban Planning in Norway 
Abstract:
  Neo-liberal ideas have resulted in a planning practice characterized by
 an informal phase in which early agreements are reached in closed
 negotiations between municipal planners and private developers. This
 challenges norms of legitimacy and accountability found in traditional
 democratic theories, as well as deliberative planning and network
 governance theories. Input-based legitimacy may be weakened by the lack of
 participation as well as by asymmetry in resources available for
 participation (voice). The representative democracy's (vote)
 responsiveness to the electorate may be weakened due to the lack of
 knowledge of the views of those affected, early lock-in to agreements and
 weak meta-governance due to the lack of adherence to overall plans.
 Throughput legitimacy is reduced by the lack of transparency, and thus
 accountability, in the informal phase. Output legitimacy might justify the
 privileged position of developers if tangible results are achieved.
 However, lack of participation weakens the quality and long-term
 lastingness of decisions, and lack of deliberation weakens the
 acceptability of justifications for those burdened by the decisions. We
 argue that two different types of reforms are necessary to increase the
 input legitimacy of planning practices: representative democracy reforms
 that strengthen the role of politicians and reforms that strengthen the
 direct participation of stakeholders in planning. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 737-753 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003607729 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003607729 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:5:p:737-753




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francisco-J &#xD3;nega-L&#xF3;pez 
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco-J 
Author-X-Name-Last: &#xD3;nega-L&#xF3;pez 
Author-Name: Jose   Antonio Puppim de Oliveira 
Author-X-Name-First: Jose   Antonio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Puppim de Oliveira 
Author-Name: Rafael Crecente-Maseda 
Author-X-Name-First: Rafael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Crecente-Maseda 
Title: Planning Innovations in Land Management and Governance in Fragmented Rural Areas: Two Examples from Galicia (Spain) 
Abstract:
  Land fragmentation can be an important drawback for the development of
 rural areas. Due to the small size of the units, land management and
 planning are difficult from both the private and the public point of view.
 In some regions of Europe, land fragmentation can lead to the collapse of
 land-based activities such as agriculture and forestry. This process
 triggers land abandonment, which causes social, economic and environmental
 problems. Traditional interventions such as land consolidation have not
 worked because of the scale of land fragmentation, which leads to huge
 transaction costs. New planning instruments and governance structures for
 land management that balance the relations between property rights,
 management and labour force can be developed, in order to avoid the
 problems of land fragmentation. In this paper, we present two innovative
 examples of land management and governance structures for dealing with
 land fragmentation in rural areas of Galicia northwestern Spain. They were
 able to combine the use of individual and common property rights to make
 land use more sustainable, instead of trying to change land ownership. The
 new governance structures helped to increase efficiency and sustainability
 of the land use by, for example, increasing labour productivity,
 clarifying property rights and diminishing land abandonment. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 755-773 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003594067 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003594067 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:5:p:755-773




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M.   Oguz Sinemillioglu 
Author-X-Name-First: M.   Oguz 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sinemillioglu 
Author-Name: Can   Tuncay Akin 
Author-X-Name-First: Can   Tuncay 
Author-X-Name-Last: Akin 
Author-Name: Nese Karacay 
Author-X-Name-First: Nese 
Author-X-Name-Last: Karacay 
Title: Relationship Between Green Areas and Urban Conservation in Historical Areas and Its Reflections: Case of Diyarbakir City, Turkey 
Abstract:
  City planning is essential for providing physical environment for better
 community life and for providing green areas, while conserving historical
 heritage is an important achievement in city planning, particularly for
 historical cities such as Diyarbakir city. The focus of this paper is to
 outline how increasing the ratio of green area in the city centre of
 Diyarbakir, Turkey, with a land-use betterment model exemplified
 sustainable urbanism. We observed an applied urban design project that
 included both opening up free space to the public and increasing the
 amount of available green area. The project addressed an area adjacent to
 the Diyarbakir city walls, which are important not only for their history
 but also as reflections of the urbanization process of Diyarbak&#x131;r
 from prehistoric time to the twenty-first century. We have noticed that
 changes in the design area provided understanding of the city planning by
 public and supplied more green areas for children and women. Thus, the
 city became more desirable and more sustainable. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 775-789 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003612620 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003612620 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:5:p:775-789




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pavla &#x17D;í&#x17E;alov&#xE1; 
Author-X-Name-First: Pavla 
Author-X-Name-Last: &#x17D;í&#x17E;alov&#xE1; 
Title: Geography of Knowledge-based Collaboration in a Post-communist Country: Specific Experience or Generalized Pattern? 
Abstract:
  This article addresses the role of geographical proximity for knowledge
 and innovation collaboration patterns in the Czech Republic and assesses
 the factors which determine the spatial distribution of innovation
 co-operation. The article uses alternative sources of empirical data to
 map collaboration patterns of innovating companies, research institutes
 and universities and to find basic regularities. By this, the article aims
 to fill in the gap in current research focused rather on most advanced
 regions by adding new knowledge from a transformation, post-communist
 economy. Also, it aims to shed light on the issue of the role of proximity
 between actors involved in collaboration in the sphere of knowledge and
 innovation creation which still remains rather elusive. The findings
 indicate that even though co-location and intra-regional knowledge and
 innovation collaboration exist, it cannot be regarded as a decisive
 characteristic. Geographical proximity is not a crucial condition in
 knowledge and innovation collaboration as all actors are involved to an
 important degree in international linkages. Yet, the role of the specific
 institutional context and factors at micro-level influence the innovation
 co-operation pattern. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 791-814 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003744134 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003744134 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:5:p:791-814




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Willem   K. Korthals Altes 
Author-X-Name-First: Willem   K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Korthals Altes 
Title: Europeanization as Discontinuous Adjustment: A D&#xFC;sseldorf Court's Impact on Land Development Practice 
Abstract:
  Within the Single European Market, rules govern the procurement of public
 works contracts and concessions. While recent judgments by the European
 Court of Justice indicate that these rules could have a considerable
 impact on future land development planning, there has not yet been
 widespread Europeanization of local land development practice. In Germany,
 however, the Oberlandesgericht in D&#xFC;sseldorf (OLGD) has ruled that
 European public procurement rules must be followed in those cases in which
 the land sold forms part of an urban development plan. This has had a
 significant impact on German practice, with the number of official
 publications of tenders for land sales by German local authorities
 increasing from 3 in 2006 to 100 in 2008. This paper analyses the
 arguments that have been put forward by the OLGD and their impact on
 practice. We also reflect on how Europeanization as the application of
 European legislation in urban planning contexts not only constitutes a
 form of supranational intervention in local practices, but also depends on
 local agencies drawing on European-level powers in order to have an
 effect. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 815-832 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003607752 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003607752 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2010:i:5:p:815-832




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M&#xFC;ge   Akkar Ercan 
Author-X-Name-First: M&#xFC;ge   Akkar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ercan 
Title: Searching for a Balance Between Community Needs and Conservation Policies in Historic Neighbourhoods of Istanbul 
Abstract:
  Despite the recent rising interest in sustainability and
 community-related issues among urban regeneration policy-makers, it is
 still questionable how far the recent regeneration efforts in historic
 housing areas achieve a balance between the community needs and
 conservation policies. To answer this question, this article explores the
 interplay between conservation, community needs and sustainability in the
 context of Turkey, focusing on Istanbul. It premises on the assumption
 that finding the balance between the needs, aspirations and concerns of
 local communities and the conservation of the built environments will lead
 to more equitable and sustainable solutions to the problems Istanbul
 historic quarters are facing. The article explains the interrelation
 between sustainability, community needs and conservation, investigates
 whether these notions have been integrated into the urban conservation
 policy agenda of Turkey or not and then examines the assumption above by
 focusing on the recent regeneration story of Fener and Balat (F&B), a
 declining neighbourhood in the historic peninsula of Istanbul. Debating on
 the strengths and weaknesses of the recent conservation-led regeneration
 programme, the article gives clues for future regeneration initiatives to
 achieve a sustainable balance between the conservation and community needs
 policies in historic neighbourhoods of Istanbul. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 833-859 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003651552 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003651552 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Brian Simpson 
Author-X-Name-First: Brian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Simpson 
Title: Britain's New Towns: Garden Cities to Sustainable Communities 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 861-862 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003594075 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003594075 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2010:i:5:p:861-862




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roel Rutten 
Author-X-Name-First: Roel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rutten 
Author-Name: Hans Westlund 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans 
Author-X-Name-Last: Westlund 
Author-Name: Frans Boekema 
Author-X-Name-First: Frans 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boekema 
Title: The Spatial Dimension of Social Capital 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 863-871 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003701381 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003701381 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2010:i:6:p:863-871




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan   G. Lambooy 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan   G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lambooy 
Title: Knowledge Transfers, Spillovers and Actors: The Role of Context and Social Capital 
Abstract:
  Regional economic analysis relies heavily on the concept of knowledge
 spillovers to explain economic development. But this concept is too
 limited since it does not explain the actual transfer of knowledge. That
 requires looking into social networks and social capital in order to
 explain the flow of non-codified knowledge. This paper contributes to the
 literature by conceptualizing knowledge transfer and connecting it to the
 social network literature and the spatial dimension of social networks.
 The paper argues that knowledge flows, the spatial context of social
 networks and social capital are strongly linked. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 873-891 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003701407 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003701407 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:6:p:873-891




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hans Westlund 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans 
Author-X-Name-Last: Westlund 
Author-Name: Frane Adam 
Author-X-Name-First: Frane 
Author-X-Name-Last: Adam 
Title: Social Capital and Economic Performance: A Meta-analysis of 65 Studies 
Abstract:
  This paper summarizes 15 years of empirical research at various spatial
 levels on social capital and economic performance. On the firm level,
 results are unambiguous: there is strong evidence of the impact of social
 capital on firms' performance. However, the results become less clear for
 spatial units with a large number of anonymous actors. The contradictory
 results of studies on national and regional levels can be explained in
 part by insufficient measures of the main component parts of social
 capital: social networks and the norms and values distributed among them.
 To develop measures for values like creativity, entrepreneurship and
 tolerance, and to find better measures for social networks, are the main
 challenges to future research. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 893-919 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003701431 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003701431 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:6:p:893-919




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roel Rutten 
Author-X-Name-First: Roel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rutten 
Author-Name: John Gelissen 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gelissen 
Title: Social Values and the Economic Development of Regions 
Abstract:
  Social values are argued to effect economic life. The literature
 distinguishes several key social values, such as social capital, modernism
 and tolerance. Overlapping and conflicting views argue that higher levels
 of social values correlate with higher levels of economic development. Our
 paper contributes to the literature in two ways. First, we develop a
 comprehensive theoretical model on the relation between social values and
 economic development. Second, we test this model for European regions. Our
 findings suggest that social values matter but that they work on the level
 of subgroups in the population rather than the region as a whole. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 921-939 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003701456 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003701456 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:6:p:921-939




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Veronique Schutjens 
Author-X-Name-First: Veronique 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schutjens 
Author-Name: Beate V&#xF6;lker 
Author-X-Name-First: Beate 
Author-X-Name-Last: V&#xF6;lker 
Title: Space and Social Capital: The Degree of Locality in Entrepreneurs' Contacts and its Consequences for Firm Success 
Abstract:
  Social capital is valuable for entrepreneurs starting a business.
 Although many small businesses are located at the entrepreneurs' dwelling,
 little is known about entrepreneurs' local ties and their relevance for
 firm success. Distinguishing between local and non-local social capital,
 this contribution looks at the following: <list> <list-item>
 (1)&#x2002;The availability of local social capital </list-item>
 <list-item> (2)&#x2002;The relation between social capital and local
 social capital, and characteristics of firms and entrepreneurs
 </list-item> <list-item> (3)&#x2002;The relation between social capital
 and local social capital and firm performance </list-item> </list>
 Analysing data from the Survey of the Social Networks of Entrepreneurs,
 which contains information on entrepreneurs and their networks in 141
 Dutch neighbourhoods, this study finds a positive relation between social
 capital and firm performance. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 941-963 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003701480 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003701480 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:6:p:941-963




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hans Westlund 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans 
Author-X-Name-Last: Westlund 
Author-Name: Roel Rutten 
Author-X-Name-First: Roel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rutten 
Author-Name: Frans Boekema 
Author-X-Name-First: Frans 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boekema 
Title: Social Capital, Distance, Borders and Levels of Space: Conclusions and Further Issues 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 965-970 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003701506 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003701506 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2010:i:6:p:965-970




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Willem   K. Korthals Altes 
Author-X-Name-First: Willem   K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Korthals Altes 
Author-Name: Tuna Ta&#x15F;an-Kok 
Author-X-Name-First: Tuna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ta&#x15F;an-Kok 
Title: The Impact of European Public Contract Law on Networks of Governance: A Relational Approach 
Abstract:
  Scholars increasingly stress the importance of relations rather than
 locations in planning. Consequently, planning research might not only
 focus on land use and land-use regulations, but also on the way relations
 between urban and regional actors are regulated. This paper reflects
 critically on the European directive on public contracts, which regulates
 specific relationships between contracting authorities and economic
 operators, and its potential impact on urban and regional planning. The
 paper concludes that further juridification of these relations by
 procurement directive may result in the relative isolation of the actors
 involved in governance, both private and public, and may decrease the
 significance of these relational networks. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 971-988 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003701522 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003701522 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2010:i:6:p:971-988




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bastian Lange 
Author-X-Name-First: Bastian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lange 
Author-Name: Kerstin B&#xFC;ttner 
Author-X-Name-First: Kerstin 
Author-X-Name-Last: B&#xFC;ttner 
Title: Spatialization Patterns of Translocal Knowledge Networks: Conceptual Understandings and Empirical Evidences of Erlangen and Frankfurt/Oder 
Abstract:
  In this paper, we outline a perspective on the spatial levels of the
 organization of high-tech innovations. By contrasting two innovation
 networks in very different socio-economic regional set-ups&#x2014;one
 prospering like in Erlangen, one stagnating like in
 Frankfurt/Oder&#x2014;the article presents empirical results of different
 spatial knowledge formations. We will apply a relational notion of space
 on the way firm-based strategies are able to acquire external knowledge.
 The main question is: how do companies in high-tech innovation contexts
 deal with difficulties of acquiring and organizing external knowledge?
 Empirically driven results reflect on the possibilities and restrictions
 of translocal knowledge-transfer with respect to distinct regional context
 conditions. The point of departure of this article is Faulconbridge's
 attempt to conceptualize translocal knowledge networks &#x201C;stretching
 beyond a local fix&#x201D; (Faulconbridge, J. (2006) Stretching tacit
 knowledge beyond a local fix? Global spaces of learning in advertising
 professional service firms, <italic>Journal of Economic
 Geography</italic>, 6, pp. 517--540). Taking into account that
 innovation-oriented networks extend beyond the firm, the city's
 administrative ground, person-based social interaction abilities, we will
 argue for new conceptual understanding of the notion of space as
 introduced by Coe and Bunnell ((2003) &#x201C;Spatializing&#x201D;
 knowledge communities: Towards a conceptualization of transnational
 innovation networks, <italic>Global Networks</italic>, 3(4), pp.
 437--456). Knowledge workers and their communities are considered to
 represent the desired and much needed contextual &#x201C;innovation
 climate&#x201D; in urban-regional settings. At the same time, these
 &#x201C;long-distance-connections&#x201D; are of great importance for
 gaining access to different knowledge forms and expertise. So this paper
 starts with the assumption, that &#x201C;learning at a distance&#x201D;
 can be as important&#x2014;and sometimes even more important&#x2014;as
 local face-to-face contact when it comes to the question, how to generate
 new ideas and innovation in the field of high-tech-production. Two
 contrasting cases within the high-tech sector (Erlangen and
 Frankfurt/Oder) allow for drawing subordinate conclusions to new forms of
 gaining external knowledge. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 989-1018 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003701548 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003701548 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dellé Odeleye 
Author-X-Name-First: Dellé 
Author-X-Name-Last: Odeleye 
Title: Eco-Urbanity: Towards Well-mannered Built Environments 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1019-1021 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003701563 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003701563 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2010:i:6:p:1019-1021




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hugo Priemus 
Author-X-Name-First: Hugo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Priemus 
Title: Mega-projects: Dealing with Pitfalls 
Abstract:
  This paper is about the many pitfalls in the decision-making process on
 mega-projects, and how to deal with them. I present first a summary of the
 pitfalls, derived from hands-on experience and recent publications on
 large-scale projects in transport infrastructure. Then I explain how
 experts and the author of this contribution think these pitfalls should be
 tackled. Finally, I formulate some conclusions and recommendations. The
 basic idea behind the recommendations is that the decision-making process
 on mega-projects could be defined as a learning process, in which many
 stakeholders are involved. As early as possible alternatives have to be
 considered and options have to be maintained to guarantee flexibility,
 which enables the initiators to cope with changing markets, a changing
 political landscape, new technologies and new insights. Although not an
 exhaustive picture of all potential pitfalls and remedies is presented, I
 expect that the presentation adds to the knowledge on mega-projects and
 will assist an adaptive decision-making processes. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1023-1039 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003744159 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003744159 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:7:p:1023-1039




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A.   &#xD6;zlem &#xD6;nder 
Author-X-Name-First: A.   &#xD6;zlem 
Author-X-Name-Last: &#xD6;nder 
Author-Name: Ertu&#x11F;rul Delikta&#x15F; 
Author-X-Name-First: Ertu&#x11F;rul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Delikta&#x15F; 
Author-Name: Metin Karada&#x11F; 
Author-X-Name-First: Metin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Karada&#x11F; 
Title: The Impact of Public Capital Stock on Regional Convergence in Turkey 
Abstract:
  The effect of public capital on regional output and private sector
 productivity has been the subject of considerable research in the field of
 regional development literature. However, there have been only a few
 studies that develop linkages between public capital and regional economic
 convergence. This study examines the dynamic effects of public capital and
 transportation capital stocks on output <italic>per capita</italic> in
 terms of regional convergence in Turkey at NUTS 2 level. A conditional
 convergence model based on <italic>per capita</italic> gross domestic
 product and <italic>per capita</italic> public capital and transportation
 capital stocks is estimated using the panel data set for the Turkish
 regions for the time period of 1980--2001. The results reveal that public
 capital has a positive and significant effect on output <italic>per
 capita</italic> and thus on regional convergence in some of the models in
 the Turkish regions,. However, the transportation component of public
 capital stock has a negative effect on regional convergence in all models
 employed in the study. This implies that transportation capital stock
 leads to larger regional disparities between the Turkish regions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1041-1055 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003744167 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003744167 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:7:p:1041-1055




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kirsi Mukkala 
Author-X-Name-First: Kirsi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mukkala 
Title: The Role of Regional Policies in Promoting Networking and Innovative Activity: Evidence from Small Finnish High-tech Firms 
Abstract:
  The success of high-technology firms is strongly dependent on their
 innovation capacity and network relationships. There is a growing
 recognition that few firms are able to innovate in isolation. Cooperation
 can provide access to a complementary knowledge base and resources, and
 speed up the innovation process of firms. Regional developers are
 criticized for their inadequate ability to integrate themselves into the
 regional networks and innovation processes of firms and their ability to
 determine firms' needs for innovation and networking. The research topic
 of this study concentrates on the possibilities of regional developers of
 influencing the operational environment of high-tech firms through the
 development of networks and innovation activity of firms. Of particular
 interest are the micro-level policies and concrete actions by regional
 developers for meeting the needs of firms. The data used are based on
 interviews addressed to high-tech firms located in Jyv&#xE4;skyl&#xE4;
 Science Park in Finland. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1057-1076 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003744175 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003744175 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:7:p:1057-1076




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joris Knoben 
Author-X-Name-First: Joris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Knoben 
Author-Name: Anet Weterings 
Author-X-Name-First: Anet 
Author-X-Name-Last: Weterings 
Title: Employment Dynamics on Business Estates 
Abstract:
  The central question of this paper is: &#x201C;What is the magnitude of
 different forms of employment dynamics on business estates in the
 Netherlands between 2000 and 2005 and to what extent are the employment
 dynamics on business estates different from employment dynamics in
 general?&#x201D; In order to answer this question, we examine three kinds
 of local employment dynamics: (1) entries and exits, (2) inter-municipal
 relocation and (3) the growth/decline of existing firms. We find that new
 firm formation and inter-municipal relocation do not lead to employment
 growth on business estates. However, the in situ employment growth on
 business estates is higher than the general employment growth in the
 Netherlands. Therefore, it can be concluded that business estates play an
 important role in local employment dynamics by facilitating the growth of
 incumbent firms. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1077-1095 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003744183 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003744183 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:7:p:1077-1095




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Demetrio   Mu&#xF1;oz Gielen 
Author-X-Name-First: Demetrio   Mu&#xF1;oz 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gielen 
Author-Name: Tuna Tasan-Kok 
Author-X-Name-First: Tuna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tasan-Kok 
Title: Flexibility in Planning and the Consequences for Public-value Capturing in UK, Spain and the Netherlands 
Abstract:
  In the 1960s, flexibility was often seen in planning literature as a
 negative feature, whereas today it is perceived by planners and
 policy-makers as a positive asset to cope with the challenges of growing
 complexity, opportunism and diversity in cities. The discussion seems to
 rest between two approaches. While planning should be flexible to
 facilitate a non-linear and multi-layered decision-making system,
 implementation should not be too flexible as the public sector might lose
 the controlling power and the private sector might gain increasing
 influence in urban development. This paper uses empirical data from
 case-based research on British, Spanish and Dutch urban regeneration
 projects, and provides an analysis of the effects of an important feature
 of flexibility on public-value capturing. Public-value capturing is the
 level at which public bodies manage to make developers pay for public
 infrastructure&#x2014;infrastructure provision, public roads and space,
 public facilities and buildings, affordable and social housing&#x2014;and
 eventually capture part of the economic value increase. This important
 aspect of flexibility is the level of certainty about future development
 possibilities before negotiations between developers and local planning
 bodies take place. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1097-1131 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003744191 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003744191 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:7:p:1097-1131




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ignazio Cabras 
Author-X-Name-First: Ignazio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cabras 
Title: Use of E-procurement in Local Authorities' Purchasing and Its Effects on Local Economies: Evidence from Cumbria, UK 
Abstract:
  In the past decade, there has been an increasing interest shown by the
 Government and Local Authorities in issues concerning the implementation
 of new technologies and means of communication in the public
 administration. Several operations have been moved online, including some
 significant purchasing functions and procedures. Electronic procurement,
 or e-procurement, indicates the use of electronic tools or practices
 during each stage of the purchasing process. E-procurement is seen as a
 powerful instrument to achieve efficiency and cash savings. While
 e-procurement helps public sector bodies to achieve their budget targets,
 it also increases the level of competition among public sector suppliers.
 This may influence the level of economic activity generated at local
 levels and potentially reduce the level of business provided to local
 firms. In the worst case, this situation could produce a knock-on effect
 especially in peripheral and remote areas, where the public sector is
 often the major purchaser. This paper focuses on the significance of
 e-procuring and e-tendering practices among Local Authorities in Cumbria,
 North-West England. The paper explores how the tendency to use
 e-procurement may vary among public sector suppliers with regard to
 business characteristics such as size, headquarter location and sector of
 activities. In addition, the author investigates the suppliers' ability to
 deal with e-procurement practices and procedure, and examines how e-buying
 and e-tendering in the public sector affects Local Authorities' patterns
 of spend. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1133-1151 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003744209 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003744209 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2010:i:7:p:1133-1151




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fangzhu Zhang 
Author-X-Name-First: Fangzhu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang 
Author-Name: Philip Cooke 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke 
Title: Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Development in China: A Review 
Abstract:
  Hydrogen and fuel cells may have a major role in the future energy market
 if governments give a high priority to reduction of CO<sub>2</sub>
 emissions with associated R&D investment in efficient hydrogen
 technologies. It is predicted that China would have the highest share of
 hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in 2050 if their ambitious climate and energy
 security policies are adopted (OECD (Organisation for Economic
 Co-operation and Development)/IEA (International Energy Agency) (2005)
 Prospects for Hydrogen and Fuel Cells (Paris: OECD Publications)). R&D in
 hydrogen and fuel cell technologies in China has been pushed by the
 central government's commitment to reduce air pollution emissions from
 transportation, to enhance energy security and improve national
 competitiveness. The paper focuses on current policies and progress on
 hydrogen and fuel cell development in China. Development prospects and
 challenges are discussed with a view to achieving better understanding of
 the emerging hydrogen economy. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1153-1168 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003791366 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003791366 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2010:i:7:p:1153-1168




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tassilo Herrschel 
Author-X-Name-First: Tassilo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Herrschel 
Title: Growth and Innovation of Competitive Regions: The Role of Internal and External Connections 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1169-1172 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003744217 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003744217 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2010:i:7:p:1169-1172




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zeynep Gunay 
Author-X-Name-First: Zeynep 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gunay 
Title: Conservation versus Regeneration?: Case of European Capital of Culture 2010 Istanbul 
Abstract:
  The purpose of this research is to review different perceptions on the
 possible future role and impact of the European Capital of Culture (ECoC)
 2010 Istanbul in enabling conservation to contribute to regeneration. The
 paper attempts to understand the vicious relationship between conservation
 and regeneration and it analyses the ways in which the ECoC event can
 resolve potential contradictions enabling conservation to contribute to
 regeneration by constructing an empirical study based on interviews and
 documentary research. It concludes with specific remarks in the name of
 attaining more effective and sustainable outcomes from the process both
 for Istanbul and Turkey. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1173-1186 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003791234 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003791234 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: T&#xFC;zin Baycan-Levent 
Author-X-Name-First: T&#xFC;zin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Baycan-Levent 
Author-Name: Aliye   Ahu G&#xFC;l&#xFC;mser Akg&#xFC;n 
Author-X-Name-First: Aliye   Ahu 
Author-X-Name-Last: G&#xFC;l&#xFC;mser Akg&#xFC;n 
Author-Name: Seda Kundak 
Author-X-Name-First: Seda 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kundak 
Title: Success Conditions for Urban Networks: Eurocities and Sister Cities 
Abstract:
  The present paper investigates the role of urban networks in interaction
 and integration of cities by means of the &#x201C;sister city&#x201D;
 movement. The paper addresses the relationships of
 &#x201C;Eurocities&#x201D; with their &#x201C;sister cities&#x201D; to
 highlight the main factors behind the successful relationships. The data
 and information used for evaluation are based on the extensive survey
 questionnaires filled out by relevant departments or experts of
 municipalities in Eurocities. A logistic regression method is deployed to
 identify the most important factors in the success of sister city
 relationships. The results of our study show that the existence of any
 former relation with the sister cities affects the success of the
 relationship positively. This former relation makes it easier to have a
 future relation with an economic partnership while shortening the process
 and accelerating the economic partnership. The results also show that two
 factors, viz. similarities in urban problems and contributions of
 Eurocities to their sister cities stimulate the willingness of Eurocities
 to improve the relationship. The contributions as well as economic
 benefits provided from the sister city relationship and new business and
 investment opportunities have emerged as the most important factors in
 sister city relationship. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1187-1206 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003791259 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003791259 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:8:p:1187-1206




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlo Salone 
Author-X-Name-First: Carlo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Salone 
Title: Institutional Arrangements and Political Mobilization in the New Italian Regionalism: The Role of Spatial Policies in the Piedmont Region 
Abstract:
  The paper focuses on the resurgence of the regions as protagonists of the
 process of the state rescaling in many European countries. In the EU
 countries this process can be seen as a result of a mix of economic and
 institutional factors, which have been producing an increasing competition
 between the central governments and the regional authorities. The rise of
 the multi-level governance and of the so-called Euroregionalism has
 reinforced the role of the regional scale in the territorial development:
 on one hand, with new actors like agencies and organizations engaged in
 the economic development (FDI attraction, place marketing, innovation and
 learning), on the other hand by the resurgence of &#x201C;old&#x201D;
 actors, such as the regions, in many cases empowered by processes of
 institutional devolution. The literature has investigated this
 re-composition of the political space with regard to the &#x201C;hollowing
 out&#x201D; and the &#x201C;rescaling&#x201D; of the state. On the base of
 these theoretical underpinnings, we discuss some empirical evidence from
 the Italian experience, in order to show whether and how the regional
 structures are not only &#x201C;spaces for policies&#x201D;, but also
 &#x201C;spaces for politics&#x201D;. Over the last decade, the changes in
 legal framework, the external inputs from supranational levels of
 government&#x2014;the European Commission&#x2014;and the
 re-territorialization processes have introduced many elements of
 innovation in the role of the regions. By illustrating the case of the
 Piedmont Region, we try to demonstrate that the transition towards the
 region as an active space of politics can be mediated by the sphere of the
 policies, especially the spatial ones. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1207-1226 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003791267 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003791267 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elvira Uyarra 
Author-X-Name-First: Elvira 
Author-X-Name-Last: Uyarra 
Title: Conceptualizing the Regional Roles of Universities, Implications and Contradictions 
Abstract:
  The impact of universities on the economic wellbeing and innovative
 potential of regions has been the object of intense scholarly and policy
 interest in the last years. Despite this interest, a clear picture is
 missing in relation to the roles universities are seen to play, the
 benefits of university activities and the mechanisms through which they
 occur. This paper proposes a review and a critique of current views on the
 role of universities and their associated policy implications. To achieve
 this, the paper identifies five &#x201C;models&#x201D; for universities as
 they are reflected in the literature, each advocating different set of
 roles of universities, different spatial aspects of interactions, as well
 as different mechanisms for university engagement. National and regional
 innovation and research policies tend to explicitly or implicitly reflect
 one or a combination of several of these models, giving rise to potential
 contradictions or conflicts of policy rationales and objectives. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1227-1246 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003791275 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003791275 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hilal Erku&#x15F;-&#xD6;zt&#xFC;rk 
Author-X-Name-First: Hilal 
Author-X-Name-Last: Erku&#x15F;-&#xD6;zt&#xFC;rk 
Title: The Significance of Networking and Company Size in the Level of Creativeness of Tourism Companies: Antalya Case 
Abstract:
  The importance of creativeness and networking in the attainment of global
 competitiveness has been emphasized in local development literature. The
 level of creativeness of a company is influenced by its level of
 networking at both global and local levels, as well as its
 &#x201C;institutional thickness&#x201D;. The aim of this paper is to
 explore the role of local, global and associational networking, as well as
 company size, in the contribution of tourism companies to the level of
 their creativeness. Following a different approach from previous research,
 this paper addresses the tourism dimension of networking and creativeness
 not only to tourism but also to local development literature by providing
 empirical evidence and employing a quantitative method of analysis based
 on a firm-level survey. The findings of the paper reveal that there is a
 relationship not only between the associational and global levels of
 networking and creativeness, but also between the size of a tourism
 company and its level of creativeness. Based on these findings, this paper
 emphasizes the need of a tourism company to develop networks at global
 levels in particular, but also at local and associational levels, to
 develop creative practices and to facilitate the sustainable development
 of tourism regions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1247-1266 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003791283 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003791283 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arturo Rodríguez-Castellanos 
Author-X-Name-First: Arturo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodríguez-Castellanos 
Author-Name: Markus Hagemeister 
Author-X-Name-First: Markus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hagemeister 
Author-Name: Stanislav Ranguelov 
Author-X-Name-First: Stanislav 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ranguelov 
Title: Absorptive Capacity for R&D: The Identification of Different Firm Profiles 
Abstract:
  Being competitive requires continuously performing product and process
 innovations nowadays. Because of this reason, the absorption of externally
 generated R&D is increasingly important for companies. It is well known
 that companies differ regarding their aptitude for knowledge absorption.
 This paper aims at the identification of different firm profiles by means
 of the identification and valuation of drivers that support the absorption
 of external R&D. For this, we have carried out an empirical work that is
 based on a random sample of companies located in the northern Spanish
 county of Biscay. We identify four company conglomerates according to
 their attitude to absorb externally generated R&D. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1267-1283 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003791317 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003791317 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter   J. Taylor 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter   J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor 
Author-Name: Michael Hoyler 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoyler 
Author-Name: David   M. Evans 
Author-X-Name-First: David   M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Evans 
Author-Name: John Harrison 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harrison 
Title: Balancing London? A Preliminary Investigation of the &#x201C;Core Cities&#x201D; and &#x201C;Northern Way&#x201D; Spatial Policy Initiatives Using Multi-City Corporate and Commercial Law Firms 
Abstract:
  This paper reports a preliminary investigation into the economic efficacy
 of two spatial frameworks&#x2014;English Core Cities and the Northern
 Way&#x2014;recently promoted by national policy makers. We ask whether
 they are consistent with contemporary economic process in the UK space
 economy through analyses of commercial multi-city law firms. The latter
 are treated as an &#x201C;indicator sector&#x201D; to define the
 contemporary UK space economy as practised by law firms. Within this new
 space of flows, the location strategies of the law firms do confirm the
 salience of the Northern Way (as trans-Pennine corridor) and Core Cities
 as part of a larger UK metropolitan space of flows. Conflating the two
 spatial frameworks leads us to identify hints of a rebalancing of London
 within a metropolitan UK space. A Manchester polycentric mega-city region
 is found to be the likely candidate for this role. This finding in no way
 impinges on London's dominant global role, and we conclude that perhaps
 mutuality between London and provincial cities is beginning to replace
 past negative dependency relations. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1285-1299 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003791325 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003791325 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alberto Vanolo 
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vanolo 
Title: European Spatial Planning Between Competitiveness and Territorial Cohesion: Shadows of Neo-liberalism 
Abstract:
  This paper analyses the use of the concept of territorial cohesion in
 policy documents produced by the European Union. It is an idea celebrated
 in community documents, such as cohesion reports, the Territorial Agenda
 of the European Union and the Green Paper on Territorial Cohesion; after
 more than a decade of political debate, the concept is about to gain a
 legitimate institutional role, after being included in the Lisbon Treaty,
 and is among the competences that the EU shares with other member states.
 At first, territorial cohesion seems to oppose the logics of
 neo-liberalism by reinscribing welfare problems and policies in spatial
 terms. However, using the analytical framework of cultural critics, and
 intending cohesion to be a discourse carried on by a community of European
 scholars and policymakers, the research will discuss the conceptual
 relationship between competitiveness and territorial cohesion in European
 policies and narratives. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1301-1315 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003791358 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003791358 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Su-Li Chang 
Author-X-Name-First: Su-Li 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chang 
Author-Name: Yao-Hsien Lee 
Author-X-Name-First: Yao-Hsien 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee 
Author-Name: Chien-Yuan Lin 
Author-X-Name-First: Chien-Yuan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lin 
Author-Name: Tai-Shan Hu 
Author-X-Name-First: Tai-Shan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hu 
Title: Consideration of Proximity in Selection of Residential Location by Science and Technology Workers: Case Study of Hsinchu, Taiwan 
Abstract:
  The Hsinchu district has been one of the most rapidly developing areas of
 Taiwan during the past decade. The rise of the Hsinchu Science-based
 Industrial Park (HSIP) has significantly influenced population growth and
 living environment in the Hsinchu district. To obtain new knowledge via
 knowledge proliferation activities that occur following knowledge
 innovation, science and technology workers have been established based on
 the proximity of informal social network interactions and the existence of
 a common culture. Based on social, identified and cognitive proximities,
 this investigation examines whether science and technology workers
 directly assess their living environment while considering housing
 purchases, seeking information and making residential location decisions.
 This investigation employs regression analysis to examine the correlation
 between individual proximity factors and spatial proximity, based on the
 hypothesis that individual proximity influences residential location
 choices of science and technology communities. The study results indicate
 that the housing choice behaviours of the science and technology community
 follow two proximity paths, that is, internal and external proximity
 factors. Consequently, the pull created by individual proximity has slowed
 the spatial expansion of the Hsinchu region. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1317-1342 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.490651 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.490651 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sonia Roitman 
Author-X-Name-First: Sonia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Roitman 
Title: A World of Difference. Encountering and Contesting Development 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1343-1344 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654311003791374 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654311003791374 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicolas Bonnet 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicolas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonnet 
Title: The Functional Resilience of an Innovative Cluster in the Montpellier Urban Area (South of France) 
Abstract:
  The aim of this article is to evaluate the resilience of territories
 through a study of the morphology of local firms' networks: in this case,
 in the Montpellier urban area. Two types of data collection were used for
 the analysis: a statistical survey of a sample of firms and a list of
 shared patents pending. The first step of the approach enabled us to
 analyse the motives that led firms to develop innovative partnership. In
 the second step, we modelled the networks, using graph theory, over
 different periods of time. Ultimately, the analysis revealed pivotal firms
 within the network. These firms played an important role in the resilience
 and spatial organization of the territory. We found that the geographical
 concentration or dispersal of the firms thus continued under certain
 economic conditions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1345-1363 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.492580 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.492580 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nina Suvinen 
Author-X-Name-First: Nina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Suvinen 
Author-Name: Jari Konttinen 
Author-X-Name-First: Jari 
Author-X-Name-Last: Konttinen 
Author-Name: Mika Nieminen 
Author-X-Name-First: Mika 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nieminen 
Title: How Necessary are Intermediary Organizations in the Commercialization of Research? 
Abstract:
  As universities around the world are under pressure to produce commercial
 outputs of their research results, it is surprising how a few studies have
 been conducted about intermediary organizations and their role in this
 matter. The intermediaries&#x2019; basic roles to diminish market and
 system failures in innovation processes are targeted to respond to the
 challenges that may emerge in innovation processes, in general, especially
 in the commercialization of academic research. In this article, we analyse
 the roles of, and needs for, different kinds of intermediary organizations
 in two Finnish technology agglomerations from the perspective of the
 commercialization of new knowledge. We use the Triple Helix concept as a
 theoretical starting point for our empirical analysis. As many challenges
 in Triple Helix linkages prove that policy interventions to support the
 activities of intermediary organizations are justified up to certain
 point. However, the role of these &#x201C;go-between&#x201D; actors may
 also be irrelevant if networks between university--firm--government
 helices function well. In addition, many of the challenges in the
 commercialization of new knowledge originated from the failures of policy
 implementation concerning the public or semi-public intermediaries. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1365-1389 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.492584 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.492584 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xiaobo Wu 
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaobo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wu 
Author-Name: Shuai Geng 
Author-X-Name-First: Shuai 
Author-X-Name-Last: Geng 
Author-Name: Jun Li 
Author-X-Name-First: Jun 
Author-X-Name-Last: Li 
Author-Name: Wei Zhang 
Author-X-Name-First: Wei 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang 
Title: Shared Resources and Competitive Advantage in Clustered Firms: The Missing Link 
Abstract:
  This study examines the mechanism by which shared resources act on
 clustered firms' strategic resources to impact firm performance. Results
 indicate that five different kinds of cluster-specific shared resources
 have significant and positive effects on strategic resources to various
 degrees. Results also show that four elements of strategic resources have
 significant and positive effects on competitive advantage of firms. The
 framework developed in this study thus suggests that internal strategic
 resources and capabilities of firms mediate the relationship between
 shared resources and competitive advantage of firms in clusters. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1391-1410 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.492578 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.492578 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2009:i:9:p:1391-1410




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vanya Simeonova 
Author-X-Name-First: Vanya 
Author-X-Name-Last: Simeonova 
Author-Name: Arnold van der Valk 
Author-X-Name-First: Arnold 
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Valk 
Title: The Role of an Area-oriented Approach in Achieving Environmental Policy Integration in the Netherlands, and its Applicability in Bulgaria 
Abstract:
  An integrated approach to environmental policy and urban spatial planning
 has not yet been adopted by many local administrations in Europe. However,
 such integration is likely to provide a more streamlined planning process
 that incorporates environmental measures in the physical development of
 urban areas. In this paper, we argue that among many local governments
 there is already a growing wish to apply environmental policy integration
 (EPI) principles in spatial planning in an effort to achieve better
 quality of life in the cities and to preserve natural resources. Within
 Europe, most attempts to develop EPI approaches can be found in western
 countries, while efforts to find integrated approaches to the urban
 environment and spatial planning in Eastern Europe are in their infancy.
 The main reason for this is that most of the post-communist countries are
 still addressing the challenge of reconstructing their political, social,
 and economic systems. In this research, we analyse and compare policy
 practices for EPI in urban planning in the Netherlands and Bulgaria. We
 first discuss the Dutch area-oriented policy approach, which has gained
 popularity during the last decade as a means of integrating environmental
 qualities in urban land use plans. We then go on to analyse the
 effectiveness of specific area-oriented methods developed and applied in
 Rotterdam, and define their applicability in the planning practice of the
 local authorities of the city of Burgas in Bulgaria. The main conclusion
 of the study is that the degree of effectiveness of an area-oriented
 policy is dependent on the impact of specific success factors. Despite the
 differences between Rotterdam and Burgas in terms of the presence of these
 success factors, we assert that the area-oriented policy approach applied
 in Rotterdam can be transferable, and can be adapted to the specific local
 circumstances in Burgas and used as an instrument for integrating EPI into
 urban land use planning. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1411-1443 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.492579 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.492579 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Edward Kasabov 
Author-X-Name-First: Edward 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kasabov 
Title: Why Every Cluster Cannot be a Successful Community? 
Abstract:
  The study of clusters is an important area of academic research. Clusters
 are also an important tool for public sector economic development.
 Historically, many organically developed clusters were based around a
 community of like-minded people. This may have led to a commonly held
 assumption in the literature that all clusters are communities. We suggest
 that not every cluster is also a successful community, based on empirical
 findings for four biotechnology clusters. Three issues of interests to
 practitioners are causes for clusters not being communities, the link
 between cluster success and development of &#x201C;community&#x201D; and
 policy failure at creating community within clusters. The discussion also
 aims to extend theory, first, by dealing with the rarely discussed
 question of the lack of collaboration &#x201C;across&#x201D; communities,
 and secondly, by attempting to help develop a theory of community
 formation in clusters. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1445-1468 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.492586 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.492586 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jana Spilkov&#xE1; 
Author-X-Name-First: Jana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Spilkov&#xE1; 
Title: Retail Development and Impact Assessment in Czech Republic: Which Tools to Use? 
Abstract:
  The transformational period and especially the second half of the 1990s
 meant a dynamic expansion of Czech retailing and its spatial structure.
 The uncoordinated construction of the recently emerging large-scale retail
 outlet has raised a question whether their construction should be
 regulated. Due to the non-existent regulation of retail development on a
 national level, weak role of the local physical plans and feeble position
 of Building Offices compared with retailers and developers, no reference
 framework exists for retail development. In the light of these facts, it
 is obvious that a sensitive regulation tool is necessary for retail
 development. The paper discusses the results of a survey among Building
 Offices in the Czech Republic focused on the opinions on the need of the
 introduction of Retail Impact Assessment (RIA) study. More than half of
 the respondents oppose the RIA study and do not consider it necessary,
 mainly because they believe that the existing legislative and planning
 documentation is sufficient for the regulation of large-scale retail
 outlets. The results clearly show that the increase in the planning
 prestige and use of the existing regulation mechanisms within the physical
 plan are the priority for the Czech planning practice. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1469-1484 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.492583 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.492583 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Beser   Oktay Vehbi 
Author-X-Name-First: Beser   Oktay 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vehbi 
Author-Name: Naciye Doratli 
Author-X-Name-First: Naciye 
Author-X-Name-Last: Doratli 
Title: Assessing the Impact of Tourism on the Physical Environment of a Small Coastal Town: Girne, Northern Cyprus 
Abstract:
  The aim of this paper is to assess the impact of tourism on Girne, with
 special emphasis on the natural and built environments. With this aim in
 mind, the study first reviews the positive and negative impacts of tourism
 on the physical environment of the coastal cities. These impacts are used
 to develop the methodology for assessing the impacts in the second part.
 Accordingly, 11 negative impacts/indicators (4 for natural environment and
 7 for built environment) and 9 positive impacts/indicators (3 for natural
 environment and 6 for built environment) have been selected and founded as
 relevant for assessing tourism impacts of the case study. Then, each
 selected indicator has been measured by using a series of analyses
 results. Following these results, some suggestions are made for
 encouraging the positive impacts and for decreasing the pressure created
 by tourism on the physical environment of the town. The issues discussed
 in the paper are relevant to other small historic cities in the
 Mediterranean Basin. The paper concludes by emphasizing the need for
 proper planning strategies to minimize negative impacts on physical
 environment and significant difference of impacts between historic
 district and newly developing areas. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1485-1505 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.492587 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.492587 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adolfo Maza 
Author-X-Name-First: Adolfo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maza 
Author-Name: María Hierro 
Author-X-Name-First: María 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hierro 
Author-Name: José Villaverde 
Author-X-Name-First: José 
Author-X-Name-Last: Villaverde 
Title: Renewable Electricity in the EU: Are We Meeting the Targets? 
Abstract:
  This paper analyses differences in the degree to which European Union
 countries have achieved the renewable electricity (RES-E) targets set by
 the European Commission for each Member State for 2010. After defining an
 RES-E target achievement (TA) indicator, both conventional and novel
 techniques are used to examine the main features of its distribution,
 including the degree of inequality, external shape and intra-distribution
 dynamics, for the 1996--2006 time period. The analysis demonstrates that
 disparities in TA have been strongly reduced and that intra-distribution
 mobility was very high. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1507-1517 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.492581 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.492581 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: H&#xFC;rriyet   G. &#xD6;&#x11F;d&#xFC;l 
Author-X-Name-First: H&#xFC;rriyet   G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: &#xD6;&#x11F;d&#xFC;l 
Title: Urban and Rural Definitions in Regional Context: A Case Study on Turkey 
Abstract:
  Transformations in the urban and rural areas under the effects of global
 economic, social and political circumstances have rendered their
 boundaries more blurring. It has become increasingly difficult to make a
 clear distinction between urban and rural. This paper intends to bring
 definitions of urban--rural into discussion in the context of Turkey. It
 reveals the results of a research project (conducted by H&#xFC;rriyet G.
 &#xD6;&#x11F;d&#xFC;l with Serkan &#xD6;ngel and Habip Ulu&#xE7;ay from
 Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University, Istanbul, Turkey, in 2007 and financed
 by the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey and Mimar Sinan
 Fine Arts University Research Fund), aiming at revealing the degrees of
 the urbanity and rurality throughout the country, with an emphasis on the
 diversification of regions in the urban--rural context. The study is
 conducted at the NUTS 4 level. Districts are classified as
 &#x201C;dominantly rural, dominantly urban and transitional&#x201D;
 through the factor analysis based on six structures: agricultural
 production, non-agricultural production, employment, demography, education
 and flows of money, goods and people. The urban--rural profile of the
 country is found as rural and transitional. It is possible to observe some
 areas displaying deep rural characters in well-developed western regions
 and some &#x201C;prosperity spots&#x201D; dispersed throughout the
 less-developed eastern regions. Then, regional classifications ranging
 from &#x201C;concentrated urban regions&#x201D; to &#x201C;rural
 regions&#x201D; are made at the NUTS 1 level. Finally, the results are
 evaluated in perspectives of spatial planning of Turkey and entering
 process to the EU. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1519-1541 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.492589 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.492589 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rachael Unsworth 
Author-X-Name-First: Rachael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Unsworth 
Title: Book Review 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1543-1544 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.492590 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.492590 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Heike Mayer 
Author-X-Name-First: Heike 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mayer 
Author-Name: Paul Knox 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Knox 
Title: Small-Town Sustainability: Prospects in the Second Modernity 
Abstract:
  Small towns account for a significant fraction of the total population in
 many regions, but there has been a relative lack of research into small
 towns, with researchers' attention being drawn more to the effects of
 globalization and technological change on large cities and city regions.
 Yet, as the effects of globalization have become increasingly imprinted on
 small towns, transnational grassroots movements have emerged to address
 the needs, challenges and opportunities of small-town communities. Many of
 these movements involve partnerships and networks linking the local and
 international levels. They are often framed in terms of sustainability of
 their community, with an emphasis on liveability and quality of life. This
 article places the emergence of cross-border collaborations between small
 towns in the broader context of shifts from the &#x201C;first&#x201D; to
 the &#x201C;second modernity&#x201D;. Through in-depth case studies of
 movements such as Italy's Slow Food and Slow City movement, Sweden's
 eco-cities, economic gardening in the US and the creative cities project
 in Albania, we highlight four sensibilities that have emerged: local,
 organic and slow food; environmentalism; entrepreneurship and creativity. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1545-1565 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.504336 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.504336 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Allen   J. Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: Allen   J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Title: The Cultural Economy of Landscape and Prospects for Peripheral Development in the Twenty-first Century: The Case of the English Lake District 
Abstract:
  A brief characterization of the cultural economy of landscape is
 provided, with special reference to the English Lake District. The early
 growth of tourism in the Lake District in relation to its natural,
 literary and artistic assets is described. I examine the cultural economy
 of landscape in relation to three critical social groups, namely, local
 producers of goods and services, residents and visitors/tourists. I then
 offer a detailed account of the main elements of the Lake District's
 cultural economy and the tourist experience today. Attention is devoted to
 (a) the natural environment and its attractions, (b) the
 historical-artistic patrimony of the region and (c) the growing importance
 of food production, cuisine and crafts within the regional economy. I show
 how these elements of the cultural economy combine with a complex
 institutional milieu to generate a path-dependent trajectory of
 development. In the conclusion, I present a few remarks on the concept of
 creative regions and the senses in which peripheral areas like the Lake
 District might and might not be analysed in terms of this concept. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1567-1589 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.504337 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.504337 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kristina   Vaarst Andersen 
Author-X-Name-First: Kristina   Vaarst 
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersen 
Author-Name: Markus   M. Bugge 
Author-X-Name-First: Markus   M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bugge 
Author-Name: H&#xF8;gni   Kals&#xF8; Hansen 
Author-X-Name-First: H&#xF8;gni   Kals&#xF8; 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen 
Author-Name: Arne Isaksen 
Author-X-Name-First: Arne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Isaksen 
Author-Name: Mika Raunio 
Author-X-Name-First: Mika 
Author-X-Name-Last: Raunio 
Title: One Size Fits All? Applying the Creative Class Thesis onto a Nordic Context 
Abstract:
  The creative class thesis put forward by Florida [(2002a) The Rise of the
 Creative Class and How it's transforming Work, Leisure, Community and
 Everyday Life (New York: Basic Books)] has in recent years been subject to
 vivid debate and criticism. This article applies the creative class thesis
 onto a Nordic context in order to examine whether Florida's theory proves
 fruitful in a context different from the US. Based on qualitative data,
 the paper analyses the role of people climate and business climate for the
 location of the creative class and firms in three different kinds of
 regions in four Nordic countries. The analyses demonstrate that the people
 climate tends to be of secondary importance to the business climate in
 explaining the location of the Nordic creative class. This should be seen
 as a result of the urban hierarchy within the Nordic countries as well as
 a strong welfare policy, which ensures an equal distribution of public
 provision and supports dual career households. Together, these factors
 diminish the role of people climate for location choices. The study also
 finds that the notion of people climate has different meanings in various
 places, and what attracts or repels the creative class depends on the life
 phases of the members of the creative class. The study raises concerns
 about the potential for applying the creative class approach beyond large
 city regions, which limits its usability in regional planning. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1591-1609 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.504343 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.504343 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Benneworth 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Benneworth 
Author-Name: David Charles 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Charles 
Author-Name: Ali Madanipour 
Author-X-Name-First: Ali 
Author-X-Name-Last: Madanipour 
Title: Building Localized Interactions Between Universities and Cities Through University Spatial Development 
Abstract:
  Universities are important players in the global development of knowledge
 economy, alongside being significant contributors to the economic
 development of their host cities. They are both significant knowledge
 enterprises and the suppliers of the human and intellectual capital on
 which the knowledge-based economy depends. What seems under-explored is
 how deliberative partnerships between universities and city authorities
 can develop around projects of mutual benefit, especially based on campus
 development. In this paper, with the help of five case studies (QUT, MIT,
 Harvard, Twente and Newcastle universities), we investigate how the
 spatial development of universities can be one of the main meeting points
 between the city and university and how it can be used for stimulating
 economic development and managing growth. These cases show that
 university&#x2014;city collaborative initiatives focused on the university
 properties represent a desire to produce creative and competitive new
 urban spaces, which reinforce the position of the university and the city
 in global economy. They also show that these developments need to be
 jointly managed to avoid undesirable impacts on either side. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1611-1629 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.504345 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.504345 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Britta Klagge 
Author-X-Name-First: Britta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Klagge 
Author-Name: Katrin Klein-Hitpa&#xDF; 
Author-X-Name-First: Katrin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Klein-Hitpa&#xDF; 
Title: High-skilled Return Migration and Knowledge-based Development in Poland 
Abstract:
  It is by now well known that return migration of the highly skilled can
 have a significant impact on knowledge-based development in the regions to
 which they return. Whereas previous research has mainly focused on
 developing and newly industrializing countries, this paper looks at
 high-skilled return migration in an East European transformation economy,
 namely Poland. In our paper, we propose an analytical framework which
 integrates migration theory and regional development perspectives. Based
 on narrative interviews with high-skilled return migrants in Warsaw and
 Pozna&#x144;, we show that high-skilled return migrants have an impact on
 economic development by acting as both investors and innovators, i.e. that
 they transfer and successfully integrate financial means as well as
 different types of knowledge into these local economies. Furthermore, the
 Polish example illustrates that social relations and institutional context
 are crucial in understanding how high-skilled return migrants contribute
 to knowledge-based development. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1631-1651 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.504346 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.504346 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carina Weingaertner 
Author-X-Name-First: Carina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Weingaertner 
Author-Name: Austin R. G. Barber 
Author-X-Name-First: Austin R. G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barber 
Title: Urban Regeneration and Socio-economic Sustainability: A Role for Established Small Food Outlets 
Abstract:
  In recent years, the challenges of urban regeneration and sustainability
 have been brought together in discourses concerning the re-shaping of
 inner-city districts of large cities. Currently, sustainable development
 in regeneration policies is mostly dominated by the environmental
 dimension and qualities of the built environment, with some focus on the
 more easily quantifiable aspects of social and economic dimensions. There
 is, however, limited discussion about integrating socio-economic aspects
 of sustainable regeneration in the literature. This paper presents a
 critical exploration of the role of the existing small business base in
 facilitating more sustainable urban re-development from a socio-economic
 standpoint. Indigenous food outlets in Birmingham's Eastside
 district&#x2014;a re-development initiative branded as exemplar of
 sustainable urban development&#x2014;are used to illustrate the role of
 small businesses in the day-to-day life of districts undergoing
 regeneration. The paper reflects on challenges and benefits from retaining
 and supporting established businesses throughout the re-development
 process and concludes with some reflections on lessons learnt from the
 case study. It argues that planners, policy-makers and developers should
 accord greater attention to the role of established businesses to foster
 urban districts that strive towards integrating aspects of socio-economic
 sustainability. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1653-1674 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.504348 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.504348 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nuri Yavan 
Author-X-Name-First: Nuri 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yavan 
Title: The Location Choice of Foreign Direct Investment Within Turkey: An Empirical Analysis 
Abstract:
  This paper investigates the location choice of foreign direct investment
 (FDI) in Turkey over the period 1996--2003. Using FDI data at the
 provincial level and negative binomial model, the empirical evidence
 confirms that agglomeration economies and information costs are the most
 important determinants of FDI location in Turkey. Specifically, both
 foreign and domestic agglomerations and in particular urbanization
 economies strongly affect the location decision of foreign investors. The
 results also suggest that foreign investors are attracted to provinces
 with fast growing market, more educated labour force, high density of road
 network, greater public investment, milder climate, larger area and better
 quality of life. On the other hand, the empirical findings show that wage,
 productivity, labour availability, unionization, sea and air
 transportation, free zones and instability have no significant impacts on
 the location decision. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1675-1705 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.504350 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.504350 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rafael Boix 
Author-X-Name-First: Rafael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boix 
Author-Name: Joan Trullén 
Author-X-Name-First: Joan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Trullén 
Title: Industrial Districts, Innovation and I-district Effect: Territory or Industrial Specialization? 
Abstract:
  The I-district effect hypothesis establishes the existence of highly
 intense innovation in Marshallian industrial districts due to the presence
 of external localization economies. However, industrial districts are
 characterized by specific manufacturing specializations in such a way that
 this effect could be due to these dominant specializations. The objective
 of this research is to test whether the effect is explained by the
 conditions of the territory or by the industrial specialization and to
 provide additional evidence of the existence and causes of the highly
 intense innovation in industrial districts (I-district effect). The
 estimates for Spain of a fixed-effects model interacting territory and
 industry suggest that the high innovative performance of industrial
 districts is maintained across sectors, whereas the industrial
 specialization behaves differently depending on the type of the local
 production system in which it is placed. The I-district effect is related
 to the conditions of the territory more than to the industrial
 specialization. The territory is a key variable in explaining the
 processes of innovation and should be considered a basic dimension in the
 design of innovation and industrial policies. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1707-1729 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.504351 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.504351 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hugo Pinto 
Author-X-Name-First: Hugo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pinto 
Author-Name: Paulo   M. M. Rodrigues 
Author-X-Name-First: Paulo   M. M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodrigues 
Title: Knowledge Production in European Regions: The Impact of Regional Strategies and Regionalization on Innovation 
Abstract:
  In the last 15 years, the regional scale was used to implement innovation
 strategies in European Union. Departing from the discussion of the
 relevance of innovation policy at the regional level, the article benefits
 from the knowledge production function framework to estimate patterns
 considering 175 European regions. It is intended to understand whether
 regional innovation strategies developed and applied between 1994 and 2001
 were successful at an aggregated level in contributing for knowledge
 creation measured in terms of patents and high technology patents. The
 results underline the relevance of private R&D expenditure and medium and
 high technology employment to increase patent numbers. The models suggest
 also that administrative regionalization may be important to regional
 innovation and that the creation and implementation of a regional strategy
 have a positive contribution for high tech innovation. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1731-1748 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.504352 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.504352 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vedat Yorucu 
Author-X-Name-First: Vedat 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yorucu 
Author-Name: OZay Mehmet 
Author-X-Name-First: OZay 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mehmet 
Author-Name: Resmiye Alpar 
Author-X-Name-First: Resmiye 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alpar 
Author-Name: Pinar Ulucay 
Author-X-Name-First: Pinar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ulucay 
Title: Cross-Border Trade Liberalization: The Case of Lokmaci/Ledra Gate in Divided Nicosia, Cyprus 
Abstract:
  In the divided Walled City of Nicosia, there are two separate markets:
 one in the Greek Cypriot South and one in the Turkish Cypriot North. The
 division is the result of the unresolved Cyprus Problem. However,
 UN-sponsored negotiations are gradually liberalizing trade as well as
 movement of people across the border. On 3 April 2008, the Ledra
 Street/Lokmaci Gate was opened, allowing people, tourists and shoppers to
 cross to the other side. This event was further stimulated by action on
 the part of various aid agencies, principally the European Union, United
 States Agency for International Development and United Nations Development
 Program, who had invested heavily in revitalization projects to restore
 historic and heritage sites in the area. These two complementary effects
 (i.e. revitalization projects and opening the Gate) have generated
 significant trade creation in the business district near the Gate. It is
 the overall aim of this paper to quantify the &#x201C;trade creation
 effect&#x201D;. The paper reports the results of a special survey of
 primary shop owners in the neighbourhood of the Gate in the northern part
 of the capital. The study finds empirical evidence of substantial trade
 creation, especially for Turkish Cypriots. However, this optimistic
 finding is clouded by the on-going bitterness of the last divided European
 capital surrounded by barbwires and minefields of the UN buffer zone that
 prevent maximum economic prosperity of a potential political settlement. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1749-1764 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.504353 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.504353 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Phil Cooke 
Author-X-Name-First: Phil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke 
Title: 21st Century Cities in Canada: The Geography of Innovation 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1765-1767 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.504354 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.504354 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tan Yigitcanlar 
Author-X-Name-First: Tan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yigitcanlar 
Title: Making Space and Place for the Knowledge Economy: Knowledge-based Development of Australian Cities 
Abstract:
  The impact of what has been broadly labelled the knowledge economy has
 been such that, even in the absence of precise measurement, it is the
 undoubted dynamo of today's global market and an essential part of any
 global city. The socio-economic importance of knowledge production in a
 knowledge economy is clear, and it is an emerging social phenomenon and
 research agenda in geographical studies. Knowledge production, and where,
 how and by whom it is produced, is an urban phenomenon that is poorly
 understood in an era of strong urbanization. This paper focuses on
 knowledge community precincts as the catalytic magnet infrastructures
 impacting on knowledge production in cities. The paper discusses the
 increasing importance of knowledge-based urban development (KBUD) within
 the paradigm of the knowledge economy and the role of knowledge community
 precincts as instruments to seed the foundation of knowledge production in
 cities. This paper explores the KBUD, and particularly knowledge community
 precinct development, potentials of Sydney, Melbourne and Brisbane and
 benchmarks this against that of Boston, MA. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1769-1786 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.512163 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.512163 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hans Leinfelder 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans 
Author-X-Name-Last: Leinfelder 
Author-Name: Georges Allaert 
Author-X-Name-First: Georges 
Author-X-Name-Last: Allaert 
Title: Increasing Societal Discomfort About a Dominant Restrictive Planning Discourse on Open Space in Flanders, Belgium 
Abstract:
  The specific spatial context in the densely urbanized northern part of
 Belgium, Flanders, offers a sort of laboratory conditions to study, design
 and plan fragments of open space in an urbanizing context. A chronological
 analysis of documents in three periods relevant to Flemish spatial
 planning policy allows us to conclude that one single planning discourse
 has reigned spatial planning in Flanders already since the design of the
 first zoning plans 45 years ago. This planning discourse considers city
 and countryside as two separate and separated entities. Today, however,
 the validity of this dominant discourse is increasingly under pressure. An
 obvious societal need appears to be growing to turn around the perception
 of a possible contradiction between city and countryside. In a densely
 urbanized spatial context, alternative planning discourses should be based
 on the idea of open spaces that offer complementary services within a
 partnership between city and countryside. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1787-1804 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.512164 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.512164 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roar Amdam 
Author-X-Name-First: Roar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Amdam 
Title: Empowerment Planning in Regional Development 
Abstract:
  In the planning literature, there is a tendency to contradict top-down
 and bottom-up policies, government and governance and instrumental and
 communicative planning. However, through extensive action research in
 regional development practice, we have learnt that there is a need for
 combining them in adequate planning models, and we have found strong
 arguments in philosophy and theory for this combination when we go to the
 debate on modernization and the arguments in favour of better balance
 between communicative and instrumental rationalities. This article is a
 theoretical discussion of a planning model that we have called empowerment
 planning. In this discussion, we regard empowerment in regional
 development as a combination of top-down and bottom-up processes with the
 variables context, mobilization, organization, implementation and
 learning. Planning is regarded as a combination of instrumental and
 communicative rationalities in an institution-building process based on
 Habermas' will-forming process with different discourses. We present how a
 planning approach with institutional, strategic, tactical and operative
 levels of planning can stimulate different development variables,
 contribute to the institution-building process and strengthen the
 legitimacy of the planning institution. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1805-1819 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2008 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.512165 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.512165 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jes&#xFA;s   Manuel L&#xF3;pez-Bonilla 
Author-X-Name-First: Jes&#xFA;s   Manuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: L&#xF3;pez-Bonilla 
Author-Name: Luis   Miguel L&#xF3;pez-Bonilla 
Author-X-Name-First: Luis   Miguel 
Author-X-Name-Last: L&#xF3;pez-Bonilla 
Title: Tourism Planning in Sub-regional Destinations: Heterogeneity of the Tourist Experience on the Andalusian Coastal Municipalities 
Abstract:
  The present paper analyses tourist experience, studying the existing
 differences among geographical zones within a broader tourist destination
 with provincial character. Planning and management of tourist destinations
 must pay special attention to the maintenance and conservation of natural
 and artificial resources in tourist supply, attempting to improve their
 competitive position. Hence, this study compares several Andalusian
 coastal municipalities through different components of tourist supply.
 Among other obtained results, findings indicate the existence of
 significant differences in urban environments among the municipalities of
 Almeria, in beach quality among the municipalities of Cadiz and in
 accommodation among the municipalities of Malaga. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1821-1836 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.512167 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.512167 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ilir Nase 
Author-X-Name-First: Ilir 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nase 
Author-Name: Mehmet Ocak&#xE7;i 
Author-X-Name-First: Mehmet 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ocak&#xE7;i 
Title: Urban Pattern Dichotomy in Tirana: Socio-spatial Impact of Liberalism 
Abstract:
  Transition from a centralized to a market economy yielded different
 responses from the former Eastern Bloc countries with economic performance
 directly affecting spatial composition of the cities. Post-socialist urban
 transformations across Central and Eastern Europe exhibit main, common
 features but always preserve singularities, characteristic of individual
 states. This paper, by using comparative methods and urban planning
 analyses, emphasizes differences in the degree of change for inner city
 areas under same transition conditions. Drawing on empirical evidence from
 Tirana, the paper stresses the fact that besides the obvious general
 change in the communism-inherited urban fabric, the degree of this change
 is predicated on the area's centrality and its pre-transitional urban
 pattern. It is pointed out that this spatial change follows a mutually
 interactive, parallel path with the socio-economic composition of the
 city. The peculiarity of Tirana stands in the fact that post-socialist
 socio-spatial transformations are better defined by Balkanization
 (implying individuality and hostility) rather than segregation (which
 implies clustering). 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1837-1861 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.512169 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.512169 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nilay Evcil 
Author-X-Name-First: Nilay 
Author-X-Name-Last: Evcil 
Title: Designers' Attitudes Towards Disabled People and the Compliance of Public Open Places: The Case of Istanbul 
Abstract:
  Although accessibility has become one of the major concerns in both urban
 design and architecture, many urban facilities are still non-compliant
 with accessibility standards. This paper aims to assess designers'
 attitudes towards disabled people in Istanbul and to test their responses
 by determining the compliance with access standards for Istanbul's public
 open places. The study used the United Nations implementation checklist on
 accessibility, which covers 19 items of 4 main groups. Data were collected
 at four crowded public squares of old and new centres of Istanbul chosen
 randomly. The highest compliance was found in Kadik&#xF6;y square (39%),
 whereas the lowest was found in Be&#x15F;iktas (26.3%). To assess
 designers' knowledge of disabled people's needs, a questionnaire was
 presented to 114 architects and contractors. Data showed that the majority
 of them did not learn about disabled people's needs in the physical
 environment during their professional education and that in their projects
 today, they provide accessible environments only for wheelchair users. In
 short, due to gaps in the system that educates professional designers and
 the absence of enforcement, the examined open public squares in Istanbul
 have accomplished very little in terms of accessibility for disabled
 people. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1863-1880 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.512178 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.512178 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: René Wokoun 
Author-X-Name-First: René 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wokoun 
Author-Name: Jana Kourilova 
Author-X-Name-First: Jana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kourilova 
Author-Name: Martin Pelucha 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pelucha 
Author-Name: Viktor Kveton 
Author-X-Name-First: Viktor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kveton 
Title: Prospective Future Trends in Urban--Rural Relationships Within the Territorial Agenda of the EU: A Critical Analysis of Implementation with a Special Focus on the Example of the Czech Republic 
Abstract:
  In recent years, urban--rural relationships have attracted an increasing
 interest for more than just the issues they represent, i.e. the growing
 polarization of economic growth and the ever widening disparities between
 cities and the countryside. Another factor includes their conceptual
 context that concerns&#x2014;above all&#x2014;the implementation of the
 Territorial Agenda (TA) of the EU. This paper mainly focuses on
 identifying the solutions of urban--rural relationships under the umbrella
 of the TA EU within the practical context existing in the Czech Republic.
 The conclusions from this paper were used as the expert basis for primary
 research on this issue within the framework of the Czech Presidency of the
 Council of the EU in 2009. The recommendations for policy-making at both
 the EU and the CR levels can be applied over the long-term horizon and
 should also be seen in the next programming period. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1881-1896 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.512172 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.512172 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stuart A. Rosenfeld 
Author-X-Name-First: Stuart 
Author-X-Name-Last: A. Rosenfeld 
Title: Sustainable Food Systems Cluster, Vermont Style 
Abstract:
  Vermont, as one of the most rural and independent states in the U.S., has
 always relied heavily on agriculture and its natural environment to
 underpin its economy. This article examines the state's agricultural
 economy as a sustainable food systems cluster and how it is adapting to
 the global economy, corporate agriculture, and environmental concerns. It
 describes the scale and concentration of the cluster, its support
 structure, and the ways it impact other sectors of the economy, including
 energy, tourism, and the arts. It also explains how a cluster of largely
 small-scale and artisan enterprises that often represent lifestyle rather
 than economic choices can be innovative, collectively create a
 wealth-producing and branded cluster, and the implications of the new
 agricultural model for the state's educational system. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1897-1908 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.512173 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.512173 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Phil Cooke 
Author-X-Name-First: Phil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke 
Title: Organizing Regional Innovation Support: Sweden's Industrial Development Centres as Regional Development Coalitions 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1909-1910 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.512174 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.512174 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dirk Fornahl 
Author-X-Name-First: Dirk 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fornahl 
Author-Name: Christina Guenther 
Author-X-Name-First: Christina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Guenther 
Title: Persistence and Change of Regional Industrial Activities: The Impact of Diversification in the German Machine Tool Industry 
Abstract:
  The paper investigates the stability and change of regional economic
 activities in the long run. As the unit of analysis, we selected the
 machine tool industry in West Germany for the years 1953--2002. We spot a
 strong variance in the activities between different regions. These
 differences are relatively stable over time, and the regional activities
 are rather path-dependent. Nevertheless, the paper also identifies changes
 in the level of activities. As the main driving factors for these
 developments, we examine the effect of changing regional degrees of
 diversification over time. We find that those regions which generally
 broaden their scope of activities have a higher likelihood to grow than
 regions which are specializing. Furthermore, diversification into totally
 new technological and product fields is only beneficial under specific
 circumstances based on technological and market developments. Hence, in
 most cases, a broad diversification is superior to one focusing on new
 state-of-the-art technological fields. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1911-1936 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.515790 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.515790 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Uwe Cantner 
Author-X-Name-First: Uwe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cantner 
Author-Name: Elisa Conti 
Author-X-Name-First: Elisa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Conti 
Author-Name: Andreas Meder 
Author-X-Name-First: Andreas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Meder 
Title: Networks and Innovation: The Role of Social Assets in Explaining Firms' Innovative Capacity 
Abstract:
  The claim of a positive association between a firm's social assets and
 its innovative capacity is a widely debated topic in the literature.
 Although controversial, such an argument has informed recent innovation
 policy across Germany, increasingly directed to the cluster formation. In
 the light of the growing attention and financial efforts that
 cluster-based innovation policies are receiving, it is worth answering two
 main questions. First, are firms with a relatively high level of social
 capital likely to be more innovative? Secondly, do companies pursuing
 innovation in partnership innovate more? This paper empirically answers
 these questions by exploring a cross-sectoral sample of 248 firms based in
 the Jena region. On the one hand, the extent to which a firm is integrated
 in its community life does not contribute to an explanation of its
 innovative performance. On the other hand, directed cooperation with the
 specific goal of innovating shows a positive impact on innovative
 performance. However, the correlation between the extent of the network of
 co-innovators and firms' innovative capacity presents an inverted U-shaped
 relation: there is a threshold in the number of co-innovators justified by
 the costs of innovating by interacting. A policy lesson can be drawn from
 these findings: cluster-based policies are to be treated with caution as
 firms face costs of networking and not merely benefits. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1937-1956 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.515795 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.515795 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Harald Bathelt 
Author-X-Name-First: Harald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bathelt 
Author-Name: Nina Schuldt 
Author-X-Name-First: Nina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schuldt 
Title: International Trade Fairs and Global Buzz, Part I: Ecology of Global Buzz 
Abstract:
  This paper investigates the importance of temporary face-to-face (F2F)
 contact and the physical co-presence of global communities in establishing
 a particular information and communication ecology during international
 trade fairs, referred to as &#x201C;global buzz&#x201D;. International
 trade fairs bring together agents from all over the world and create
 temporary spaces for presentation and interaction. Within a specific
 institutional setting, participants not only acquire knowledge through F2F
 communication with other agents, but also obtain information by observing
 and systematically monitoring other participants. The fact that firms do
 not necessarily have to be in direct contact with a specific source of
 information to get access to this knowledge makes participation in these
 events extremely valuable. International trade fairs have become important
 expressions of new geographies of circulation through which knowledge is
 created and exchanged at a distance. This paper analyses the constituting
 components of global buzz and aims to dismantle the complexity of this
 phenomenon in a multi-dimensional way. When applying this concept to
 Internet trade fairs, the question arises whether a similar information
 and communication ecology, or virtual buzz, can be established. We explore
 similarities and differences between both forms of buzz, using the same
 classification scheme. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1957-1974 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.515815 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.515815 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Manuel Exp&#xF3;sito-Langa 
Author-X-Name-First: Manuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Exp&#xF3;sito-Langa 
Author-Name: F.   Xavier Molina-Morales 
Author-X-Name-First: F.   Xavier 
Author-X-Name-Last: Molina-Morales 
Title: How Relational Dimensions Affect Knowledge Redundancy in Industrial Clusters 
Abstract:
  This paper focuses on the effects of social capital on industrial
 clusters. Close networks with strong ties provide benefits for the
 companies involved in terms of knowledge flow; however, they can also have
 some negative effects such as knowledge redundancy and obsolescence. We
 propose an explanatory model to study factors and mediators affecting the
 redundancy of transmitted knowledge. The model has been applied to a
 sample of 152 companies in two Spanish industrial clusters. Findings
 suggest that although strength of ties was associated with redundancy,
 structural dispersion and local institutions have a negative effect on
 knowledge redundancy. The findings have a number of relevant implications
 for individual firms and their policies. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1975-1992 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.515817 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.515817 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arne Isaksen 
Author-X-Name-First: Arne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Isaksen 
Author-Name: James Karlsen 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Karlsen 
Title: Different Modes of Innovation and the Challenge of Connecting Universities and Industry: Case Studies of Two Regional Industries in Norway 
Abstract:
  The paper argues that no single formula exists for how universities can
 stimulate innovation activity and industrial development in a particular
 region. The type of university--industry cooperation must be fined-tuned
 according to the knowledge base of the university and to the dominant mode
 of innovation in the regional industry. This article discusses two
 different modes of innovation: science, technology, innovation (STI) and
 doing, using, interacting (DUI). The unit of analysis is innovation and
 cooperation with universities in two regional industries in Norway, which
 are dominated by the two modes of innovation: STI (marine biotechnology in
 Troms&#xF8;) and DUI (oil and gas equipment suppliers in Agder). The
 empirical analyses demonstrate the different roles that universities play
 in these two regional industries. The University of Troms&#xF8; is the
 main organization behind the development of the marine biotechnology
 industry in Troms&#xF8; and is an important knowledge node and source of
 biotechnology spin-offs. Equipment suppliers in Agder have become world
 leaders in some niches, almost without research cooperation with
 universities. A general lesson is that the dominant mode of innovation in
 a regional industry makes a difference to the role universities can play
 in stimulating the development of the industry. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1993-2008 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.516523 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.516523 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lois Labrianidis 
Author-X-Name-First: Lois 
Author-X-Name-Last: Labrianidis 
Title: The Greek University Stranded in the Policy of Establishing Regional Universities 
Abstract:
  The paper examines the policy implemented when it comes to establishing
 regional universities in a developed, yet semi-peripheral, EU country
 (i.e. Greece) and focuses on two central issues: whether regional
 universities contribute to local development and whether their location in
 the periphery harnessed their academic performance. The establishment of
 regional universities has become a widely used practice for facilitating
 regional development throughout the developed world, and the university's
 third role is quite widely accepted. The paper does not intend to question
 the policy of establishing regional universities itself, but rather the
 way these universities were established in Greece (as a case of a
 semi-peripheral regime) and possibly in other countries that are not in
 the forefront of international research. Regional universities in Greece
 were often established for clientelistic reasons; however, they do
 contribute in advancing local economic growth. These positive effects on
 the locality are often accompanied by a high cost for the Greek university
 and society itself, in the sense that regional universities have often
 been forced to operate under difficult conditions, thus undermining their
 fundamental mission (educational but primarily research). 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2009-2026 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.515818 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.515818 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laila Kule 
Author-X-Name-First: Laila 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kule 
Author-Name: August   E. R&#xF8;snes 
Author-X-Name-First: August   E. 
Author-X-Name-Last: R&#xF8;snes 
Title: Planning Control on the Northern European Periphery 
Abstract:
  From different pasts and currently different connections to EU, Latvia
 and Norway in the last few years have created new legal frameworks for
 their national planning systems and hence for planning control. This paper
 explores similarities and differences between these two planning control
 systems and related tendencies in the revision of planning legislation
 adopted in recent times. Methodologically, the study makes a distinction
 between acting organizational subjects and the rules of the game that
 affect their performance. Together with the planning organization, such
 formal institutional factors indicate modes of planning control as well as
 possibilities for creating coherence across planning hierarchies. The
 conclusion indicates similarities between the two systems, but also
 differences. These apply to some extent to organization, responsibilities
 and contents of planning control on regional and national levels and
 especially to their respective institutional approaches for creating
 consistency and symmetry in planning across local, regional and national
 levels. The recent legal revisions do not indicate any kind of tendency
 for convergence between these planning control systems. On the contrary,
 some of these changes reveal different approaches to modes of planning
 control. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2027-2048 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2009 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.515821 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.515821 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bruno Zanon 
Author-X-Name-First: Bruno 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zanon 
Title: Planning Small Regions in a Larger Europe: Spatial Planning as a Learning Process for Sustainable Local Development 
Abstract:
  An enlarged Europe is addressing the challenge of territorial cohesion on
 the basis of a disciplinary and operative framework formed by a number of
 evolving documents and provisions to be applied and developed at different
 administrative and planning levels. Rapid and profound changes have
 occurred in previous decades as far as institutional framework, the role
 of actors and issues to be tackled are concerned, within a re-scaling
 process of territorial governance. In this context, small territories can
 take advantage of European funds, but experience a hard confrontation with
 the market economy and supra-local visions, use of resources and
 infrastructure projects. A decisive role, in many countries, has been
 gained by regional authorities, which must mediate among various
 territorial levels, institutions and actors involved in a multilevel
 governance process. The paper focuses on spatial and regional/territorial
 planning processes among the European dimension, Member States and
 regions, on the basis of a case study conducted in Northern Italy. The aim
 is to determine the role of European spatial planning as a
 &#x201C;learning machine&#x201D; <italic>[Faludi, A. (2008) European
 Territorial Cooperation and Learning,</italic> disP<italic> 172, (1/2008),
 pp. 3--10.]</italic> able to support processes of mutual learning and
 cooperation, overcoming the attitude of compliance to upper level schemes
 and financial programmes rather than innovating usual procedures and
 territorial planning. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2049-2072 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.515822 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.515822 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2010:i:12:p:2049-2072




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gert-Jan Hospers 
Author-X-Name-First: Gert-Jan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hospers 
Title: Lynch's <italic>The Image of the City</italic> after 50 Years: City Marketing Lessons from an Urban Planning Classic 
Abstract:
  Exactly half a century ago, the MIT-scholar Kevin Lynch published The
 Image of the City <italic>(1960)</italic>. The book was agenda-setting,
 thanks to its original approach to the way people perceive the urban
 environment. Over the years, The Image of the City has become a classic
 among urban planners. Fifty years after its publication the study is still
 highly topical and relevant. In this contribution, we argue that not only
 urban planners, but also city marketers can learn from Lynch's most cited
 book. The framework Lynch devised to assess urban areas is of great use
 for cities that look for a distinctive image to market themselves. After a
 short review of the book, we explore the opportunities of the Lynchian
 framework for city marketing. Next we briefly discuss case examples of
 three European cities: the Finnish capital of Helsinki, Bielefeld in the
 German region of Westphalia and the old industrial city of Enschede in the
 Netherlands. The paper concludes by suggesting city marketers to do a
 &#x201C;picture postcard test&#x201D; to examine the link between the
 city's built environment and the city's marketing. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2073-2081 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.525369 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.525369 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:18:y:2010:i:12:p:2073-2081




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Phil Cooke 
Author-X-Name-First: Phil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke 
Title: Small Town Sustainability: Economic, Social and Environmental Innovation 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2083-2085 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 18 
Year: 2010 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.516502 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.516502 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nina Schuldt 
Author-X-Name-First: Nina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schuldt 
Author-Name: Harald Bathelt 
Author-X-Name-First: Harald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bathelt 
Title: International Trade Fairs and Global Buzz. Part II: Practices of Global Buzz 
Abstract:
  International trade fairs bring together agents from all over the world
 for a limited time period. They create a dense ecology of communication
 and information flows, referred to as &#x201C;global buzz&#x201D;. Global
 buzz associated with face-to-face (F2F) communication is extremely
 important for agents participating in these events as it generates access
 to developments occurring in different parts of the world. It helps to
 maintain and intensify existing networks, establish new networks or
 &#x201C;trans-local pipelines&#x201D; and support the development of
 shared attitudes and understandings. This paper aims to provide empirical
 evidence about the significance of global buzz in its manifold forms. Our
 research emphasizes the benefits that result from four sets of closely
 interrelated practices: (i) global knowledge exchange based on F2F
 interaction, (ii) exploration of market trends, (iii) problem solving and
 idea generation and (iv) network generation and pipeline-building in
 interpretative communities. The paper argues that practices of acquiring
 information, networking and dealing with competition differ substantially
 according to industry, firm and product characteristics. Our analysis of
 global buzz practices draws from more than 460 semi-structured interviews,
 which were conducted between 2004 and 2006 at seven national and
 international trade fairs in Frankfurt/Main, Hannover and N&#xFC;rnberg,
 Germany. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1-22 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.530390 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.530390 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Majella Giblin 
Author-X-Name-First: Majella 
Author-X-Name-Last: Giblin 
Title: Managing the Global--Local Dimensions of Clusters and the Role of &#x201C;Lead&#x201D; Organizations: The Contrasting Cases of the Software and Medical Technology Clusters in the West of Ireland 
Abstract:
  The purpose of this paper is to investigate &#x201C;leading&#x201D; firms
 in an industrial cluster to understand how the balance between global and
 local dimensions of the cluster can be managed. Two cases of industry
 clusters, the software and medical technology clusters in the west of
 Ireland, are employed to examine how certain organizations can occupy a
 &#x201C;lead&#x201D; position and how&#x2014;if at all&#x2014;such
 organizations generate an agglomerative effect in a cluster. In the case
 of the medical technology cluster, the study shows that when large firms
 enact a leading role by influencing the technology trajectory of the
 region and stimulating the local dynamic, they can generate agglomerative
 effects, thereby enhancing the relevance and sustainability of clusters.
 Most significantly, it shows how leading organizations act as an important
 facilitator in connecting the global and local dimensions of clusters even
 in the absence of extensive local formal linkages. At the same time, the
 case of the software cluster reveals that the presence of large
 organizations alone does not inevitably stimulate such a clustering effect
 and emphasizes that appropriate characteristics and conditions need to be
 in place. Overall, while the study substantiates previous research on the
 significance of temporary and organized forms of proximity, it also shows
 the value that permanent geographical proximity can have, thereby
 contesting recent research that downplays the relevance of the clustering
 institution (e.g. Lorentzen, A. (2007) The geography of knowledge
 sourcing&#x2014;A case study of Polish manufacturing enterprises, European
 Planning Studies, 15, pp. 467--486; Wickham, J. & Vecchi, A. (2008) Local
 firms and global reach: Business air travel and the Irish software
 cluster, European Planning Studies, 16, pp. 693--710). 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 23-42 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2009 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.530529 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.530529 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan Weigel 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Weigel 
Title: Medical Technology's Source of Innovation 
Abstract:
  This article presents research based on a case study of Bern University
 Hospital and the Greater Bern Area that analyses the hospital's influence
 on innovation in the regional medical device industry. The study draws
 upon the concept of sectoral innovation systems enlarged with a
 space-oriented model of agents' innovation-related behaviour. Its main
 data stem from semi-structured interviews with representatives from
 regional companies and the hospital. The findings confirm the systemic
 character of innovation in medical technology and the role of university
 hospitals as the main functional source of medical device innovation. At
 the inception of the medical device industry, innovations were implemented
 in a regional setting, but with the maturation of the industry, this
 setting has yielded to an almost global setting for innovation. This
 international setting became prevalent largely due to the marketing
 considerations of the industry, showing that from an industrial management
 point of view, product innovation and the diffusion of innovation are
 heavily interlinked activities. The article concludes that the hospital's
 relevant influence at a regional level lies not in the present but in the
 past, when timely innovative impulses from physicians enabled this
 regional industry's successful participation in the emerging medical
 device sector. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 43-61 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2009 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.530391 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.530391 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jun   Yeup Kim 
Author-X-Name-First: Jun   Yeup 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kim 
Title: Does Spatial Clustering of Foreign Direct Investment Foster Global Production Networks? The Case of Qingdao, China 
Abstract:
  This article examines how spatial clustering of foreign direct investment
 (FDI) can foster a global production network (GPN). The cluster concept,
 in general, stressed inter-firm relations between local and regional firms
 while neglecting global--local linkages in the spatial context. In
 contrast, GPN focuses on the advantages of international production
 organization and governance structure but underestimates regional or
 localized channels of production arrangement. By integrating the
 conceptual framework of spatial clustering of FDI and GPN, this paper
 provides empirical evidence of various channels to knowledge and
 innovation transfer between domestic firms and foreign-invested
 enterprises. This paper demonstrates that the different types of linkages
 formation are key determinant factors for establishing cluster through
 contributing to local economic development. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 63-76 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2009 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.530392 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.530392 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: G&#xFC;ldem &#xD6;zata&#x11F;an 
Author-X-Name-First: G&#xFC;ldem 
Author-X-Name-Last: &#xD6;zata&#x11F;an 
Title: Dynamics of Value Chain Governance: Increasing Supplier Competence and Changing Power Relations in the Periphery of Automotive Production&#x2014;Evidence from Bursa, Turkey 
Abstract:
  Adopting a global value chain (GVC) approach, this paper focuses on the
 ways in which global automotive transnational corporations coordinate
 their value chains with suppliers in the periphery of automotive
 production. In particular, it directs attention to particular forms of
 chain relations established by lead firms with suppliers in Turkey and the
 ways in which these chains are coordinated. Findings indicate that as
 component suppliers in the periphery of automotive production, such as
 those in Bursa, have gained the competencies not only to manufacture to
 the cost, quality and flexibility specifications required by their
 customers but also of design and product development, lead firms in the
 automotive industry have turned to modular value chains, where competent
 suppliers provide a range of services with less dependence on their
 customers, as a way of sourcing from these suppliers. I use this evidence
 to argue that GVC governance is dynamic and suppliers in the periphery
 have some room for breaking power asymmetries associated with specific
 modes of governance in GVCs. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 77-95 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2009 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.530393 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.530393 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mattias K&#xE4;rrholm 
Author-X-Name-First: Mattias 
Author-X-Name-Last: K&#xE4;rrholm 
Title: The Scaling of Sustainable Urban Form: A Case of Scale-related Issues and Sustainable Planning in Malm&#xF6;, Sweden 
Abstract:
  In this article, I investigate &#x201C;spatial scale&#x201D; as an aspect
 that needs to be more carefully addressed in the discussion and planning
 of &#x201C;sustainable urban forms&#x201D;. Focusing on the
 Malm&#xF6;--Lund region in Sweden, I discuss problems of scale as related
 to the new take on sustainability in Malm&#xF6; planning documents,
 especially the update of the Malm&#xF6; comprehensive plan from 2005. The
 article is divided into three sections. First, I discuss the concept and
 problem of spatial scale, contextualizing it in theory as well as in
 recent discussions on urban transformations. Second, I briefly discuss the
 discourse of sustainable urban forms, pointing out some scale-related
 issues that need to be more carefully addressed. In the third and main
 section of the article, I investigate plans and projects for urban
 development in Malm&#xF6;, focusing and elaborating on spatial scale and
 discussing the findings in terms of three kinds of scale stabilization: in
 terms of territory, size and hierarchy. The article concludes with a call
 for further work for the possibilities of a more dynamic and multi-scalar
 approach in urban planning. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 97-112 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2009 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.530394 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.530394 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Petter N&#xE6;ss 
Author-X-Name-First: Petter 
Author-X-Name-Last: N&#xE6;ss 
Author-Name: Teresa N&#xE6;ss 
Author-X-Name-First: Teresa 
Author-X-Name-Last: N&#xE6;ss 
Author-Name: Arvid Strand 
Author-X-Name-First: Arvid 
Author-X-Name-Last: Strand 
Title: Oslo's Farewell to Urban Sprawl 
Abstract:
  Sustainable mobility has been an important concern in urban planning and
 development in Oslo Metropolitan Area since the 1990s. The period has been
 characterized by concentrated and compact urban development, especially
 within the municipality of Oslo. This has contributed to a reduction in
 growth in car traffic. Analyses of selected land use and transport plans
 and policy documents, professional journal articles and interviews with
 key actors show that there has been a high degree of consensus about this
 spatial development strategy. Considerable investments have been made in
 public transport as well as in road development; the former based on broad
 consensus. Road capacity increases have been contested among professionals
 but widely supported by politicians. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 113-139 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2009 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.530395 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.530395 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eduardo Medeiros 
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Medeiros 
Title: (Re)defining the Euroregion Concept 
Abstract:
  The INTERREG-A, the largest of the Community Initiatives, has been
 supporting the cross-border cooperation (CBC) in European Union (EU)
 territory, over the past 19 years, thus contributing to redraw a new
 political map of Europe, by reducing the barrier effect and reinforcing
 common development strategies. During this period, several new
 partnerships and institutions have been established, creating networks
 that connect a wider range of local and regional actors into the CBC
 process, on both sides of the borders. Some of these entities have
 gradually started to call themselves Euroregions, based on non-rigid
 criteria, even though, in some cases, they lack legal personality and
 operate on an informal basis. Moreover, it was recently approved by the
 European Commission the possibility to establish European Groupings of
 Territorial Cooperation, with legal personality, in border areas, to
 overcome the obstacles to the CBC process. Therefore, in this article, we
 propose a new CBC typology which looks at the concept of Euroregion in a
 geographical perspective, supported on different criteria and adapted to
 the present-day reality of the European border territories. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 141-158 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.531920 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.531920 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Cooke 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke 
Author-Name: Julie Porter 
Author-X-Name-First: Julie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Porter 
Author-Name: Hugo Pinto 
Author-X-Name-First: Hugo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pinto 
Author-Name: Ana   Rita Cruz 
Author-X-Name-First: Ana   Rita 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cruz 
Author-Name: Fangzhu Zhang 
Author-X-Name-First: Fangzhu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang 
Title: Notes from the Iberian Algae Belt 
Abstract:
  In this paper, we explore regional innovation in the use of varieties of
 algae as inputs to industrial processes. It is important to understand
 that algae are one of nature's most bountiful products, with an almost
 infinite variety of applications. Algae have received prominence in the
 research literature because of the strong evidence that they can make a
 major contribution to the production and&#x2014;importantly&#x2014;storage
 of renewable energy. Following the introduction to this paper, Section 2
 reviews the nature and application of algae in two main aspects of clean
 energy production: first as biogasolene or biodiesel; second as
 large-scale storage batteries for electricity. The latter is particularly
 important as one classic deficiency of electricity is the difficulty in
 storing it for lengthy periods other than in short-life batteries. However
 (Section 3), there are other uses for algae, ranging from aquaculture to
 medicine and the production of cosmetics. In the southwest corner of the
 Iberian Peninsula, between Faro in Portugal through Huelva to Cadiz in
 Spain, is a significant research and commercial algae production zone. The
 paper describes the key system elements in play in this trans-border
 innovation network and considers prospects for new path creation towards
 biofuels, the main research and application centres for which are in the
 San Francisco Bay Area in California. Conclusions and recommendations for
 policy action are then drawn. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 159-173 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.525391 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.525391 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: St&#xE5;le Holgersen 
Author-X-Name-First: St&#xE5;le 
Author-X-Name-Last: Holgersen 
Title: Making Better Places&#x2014;The Planning Project in the Twenty-First Century 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 175-177 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.530397 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.530397 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlos Rodrigues 
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodrigues 
Title: Universities, the Second Academic Revolution and Regional Development: A Tale (Solely) Made of &#x201C;<italic>Techvalleys</italic>&#x201D;? 
Abstract:
  Universities are crucial organizations in the knowledge society. As such,
 a new social contract between academia and society is being developed,
 inducing significant dynamics of change in academia. Change is configured
 by the integration of economic development in the mission realm of
 universities, together with teaching and research, which set off an
 academic revolution. This revolutionary move within academia is being
 scholarly analysed mostly from the perspective of technology transfer and
 spin-off firms' development. Taking into account the nature and challenges
 of the contemporary society, this paper acknowledges that these dominant
 approaches to the changing academic mission provide an incomplete picture
 of the role universities can play in development processes. Accordingly,
 it uses a broader perspective on the academic revolution in order to
 detail the developmental role played by higher education and the relevant
 development resources that universities can provide and left out of the
 mainstreamed picture. It suggests that the need for broadening the
 perspective gains increased relevance when trying to know more about the
 role universities play in regional development. It asserts that
 universities, as regional development agents, are essential to help
 regions to combine and mobilize the knowledge and relational resources
 that nourish the capacity for collective action, i.e. to build up regional
 institutional capacity. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 179-194 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.532664 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.532664 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrés Barge-Gil 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrés 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barge-Gil 
Author-Name: Luis Santamaría 
Author-X-Name-First: Luis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Santamaría 
Author-Name: Aurelia Modrego 
Author-X-Name-First: Aurelia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Modrego 
Title: Complementarities Between Universities and Technology Institutes: New Empirical Lessons and Perspectives 
Abstract:
  This paper investigates the different roles played by universities and
 technology institutes (TIs) as innovation partners of firms. Comparing the
 characteristics of Spanish firms collaborating with these agents allows us
 to better define complementarities among the target groups of these
 organizations. Our findings show that those firms collaborating with
 universities are bigger, have higher internal capabilities and are less
 dependent on their external relationships while firms collaborating with
 TIs are smaller, have weaker internal capabilities but are more open to
 their environment and thus more reliant on external sources. We point to
 the implications of these findings for regional development. Universities
 have a role as partners of more technologically advanced firms. TIs, on
 the other hand, partner those firms, which though also quite advanced,
 require more external help in their innovation processes. These results
 should help policy-makers in the definition of more complex regional
 strategies and the provision of tools aimed at different goals. Managers
 of universities, TIs and client firms should find these results of help in
 developing more positive collaborations with one another. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 195-215 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.532665 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.532665 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tore Sager 
Author-X-Name-First: Tore 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sager 
Author-Name: Claus   Hedegaard S&#xF8;rensen 
Author-X-Name-First: Claus   Hedegaard 
Author-X-Name-Last: S&#xF8;rensen 
Title: Planning Analysis and Political Steering with New Public Management 
Abstract:
  Interviews with members of the Norwegian national assembly's Standing
 Committee for Transport and Communications were conducted in 1995, 1997,
 2001 and 2004. The politicians were asked about the usefulness of analytic
 input that planners contribute to national plans, first the Norwegian Road
 and Road Traffic Plan and later the National Transport Plan. Questions
 related to steering, coordination, delegation and the inclusiveness of the
 planning process were also posed. Changes in the politicians' attitudes to
 types of analytic planning input are outlined. Furthermore, the last round
 of interviews sheds light on the apparent paradox that parliamentarians
 accept delegation of highway investment decisions despite their profound
 scepticism regarding the cost--benefit analyses and impact calculations
 that are essential to management by objectives and results (MBOR), which
 was to give them continued political control despite delegation. Another
 conundrum is the parliamentarians' willingness to renounce the right to
 decide over most highway projects, even if these were seen as politically
 important, in order to obtain a strategic overview which they have been
 unable to use for changing the priorities set by the Government. The
 political concentration on strategic steering, the concomitant delegation,
 and MBOR are central components of New Public Management. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 217-241 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2008 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.532666 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.532666 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kaj Zimmerbauer 
Author-X-Name-First: Kaj 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zimmerbauer 
Title: From Image to Identity: Building Regions by Place Promotion 
Abstract:
  This article discusses the idea of institutionalizing a region and
 building a regional identity by constructing a regional image. Identity
 and image are thus regarded as intertwining both conceptually and in the
 everyday practices of regional development, where regional competitiveness
 is emphasized. It is argued that regional identity is to some extent a
 prerequisite for successful image building, but the interplay is
 nevertheless distinctly bidirectional. This means that non-standard or
 newly established regions are increasingly being constructed by place
 promotion outside the region, although they do also become familiar to the
 inhabitants of the region in such an institutionalization process, so that
 the inhabitants will identify with them accordingly. The link between
 regional identity and image will largely be shaped conceptually, but the
 sub-regions in Finland serve as case studies for scrutinizing this
 linkage. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 243-260 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2009 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.532667 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.532667 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2009:i:2:p:243-260




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michel Van Wijk 
Author-X-Name-First: Michel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Wijk 
Author-Name: Kes Brattinga 
Author-X-Name-First: Kes 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brattinga 
Author-Name: Marco   A. Bontje 
Author-X-Name-First: Marco   A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bontje 
Title: Exploit or Protect Airport Regions from Urbanization? Assessment of Land-use Restrictions in Amsterdam-Schiphol 
Abstract:
  Airports are no longer only places for take-off and landing, but
 increasingly became economic nodes in the urban development of
 metropolitan areas. Though it is debatable to what extent aviation growth
 is a cause or effect of economic growth, the reciprocal relationship
 cannot be denied. Most past developments near airports have been
 spontaneous and haphazard, but recently regional planners have
 increasingly included an airport focus. Airport planning aims to find a
 balance between exploitation of the economic potential and protecting the
 airport area from congestion and urbanization. This article examines the
 effects of land-use restriction policies near Amsterdam Airport Schiphol.
 Within the Schiphol area, only airport-related companies are allowed to
 establish their business near the airport. These policies have been
 implemented since 1987, but their success or failure was never evaluated
 in depth. For the first time empirical results show that land-use
 restriction policies could ban most of the undesired businesses near the
 airport. However, despite varieties of implementation and interpretation
 of the testing, few differences in effects are found. This study shows
 that airport-relatedness testing is a typically Dutch planning instrument,
 but can also be useful for other international airports. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 261-277 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.532671 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.532671 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2010:i:2:p:261-277




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nick Clifton 
Author-X-Name-First: Nick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clifton 
Author-Name: Rhys David 
Author-X-Name-First: Rhys 
Author-X-Name-Last: David 
Author-Name: Oliver Ehret 
Author-X-Name-First: Oliver 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ehret 
Author-Name: David Pickernell 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pickernell 
Title: An Analysis of Actual and Potential Clustering Structures, Stakeholder Governance Activities and Cross-locality Linkages in the Welsh Aerospace Industry 
Abstract:
  Commercial aerospace is a key sector in the Welsh economy, engaged in
 complex overlapping activities from aircraft manufacture (AM), through
 maintenance, repair and overhaul (MRO), to research, development and
 training (RDT). Defining and operationalizing a framework for analysis
 using both qualitative and quantitative data, this paper examines the
 actual and potential roles of the relationships in Wales between
 commercial aerospace firms, industry, government and institutional
 stakeholders, at both local and non-local levels. Concentrations of
 manufacturing in North Wales, and MRO in South Wales along with RDT
 operate as distinct constituent parts of aerospace clusters in
 neighbouring regions of England and beyond. The results, however,
 highlight links between the location of AM, MRO and RDT in Wales,
 emphasizing their (partially) geographically symbiotic relationships.
 Moreover, there are key inter-linkages that need consideration if the
 long-term health of Welsh aerospace is to be secured. Simultaneously, all
 three sub-sectors in Wales exhibit weaknesses which could render them
 vulnerable to greater external competition, particularly from developing
 countries. This emphasizes a need to alter the current governance
 arrangements and utilize different clustering characteristics that
 currently exist, with government, as a major sponsor of the industry,
 having a strong (but changing) role to play in encouraging these more
 balanced industry structures and decision-making processes. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 279-309 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.532676 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.532676 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Massimo Battaglia 
Author-X-Name-First: Massimo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Battaglia 
Author-Name: Fabio Iraldo 
Author-X-Name-First: Fabio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Iraldo 
Title: Spatial Effects of Labour Policies Promoted in Italy from 1996 to 2006: An Analysis in the EU Context 
Abstract:
  One of the most important economic and social facts concerning the
 European Union consists in the mismatch among its regions in terms of
 unemployment rates. The paper aims at examining and measuring the
 efficiency of Italian policies for labour market carried out in the last
 10 years, in terms of reduction in the regional disparities in comparison
 with the whole European distribution of unemployment. We question whether
 these policies have been successful or the territorial dimension has still
 a relevant role on the unemployment in Italy. We try to answer to this
 question by calculating the Theil Index using data from 1996 to 2006 on
 unemployment and participation from Eurostat at NUTS 2 level, comparing
 Italian data with those of other EU countries. Our results show that Italy
 has still a prominent role in the geographical disparities among regions
 and that its contribution to the geographical concentration of
 unemployment is still high (especially if we consider female and youth
 unemployment). 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 311-330 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.532678 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.532678 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2011:i:2:p:311-330




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Evren Ozus 
Author-X-Name-First: Evren 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ozus 
Author-Name: Sevkiye   Sence Turk 
Author-X-Name-First: Sevkiye   Sence 
Author-X-Name-Last: Turk 
Author-Name: Vedia Dokmeci 
Author-X-Name-First: Vedia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dokmeci 
Title: Urban Restructuring of Istanbul 
Abstract:
  After 1980s, the major cities of Turkey have experienced urban
 transformation process following the changes in the international trade
 policy and the impact of globalization. Istanbul took the highest amount
 of share from these transformation processes as being the most important
 economic, cultural and tourism centre and the most integrated centre to
 the world economy of the country. This paper describes Istanbul's
 historical development, investigates demographic profile and spatial
 distribution of employment and illustrates multi-centre development of the
 city. Decentralization of population and jobs illustrate the multi-centre
 development. Multi-centre development contributes to sustainable urban
 development which provides efficient energy use and prevents pollution.
 Istanbul having a long history, large population and being in a very
 strategic location between Asia and Europe greatly effected from
 globalization which is reflected in its transformation of urban structure
 and increased land values and thus offered great opportunities for the
 real estate investors. The role of Istanbul within the world hierarchy of
 cities is suggested for further research. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 331-356 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2010.515826 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2010.515826 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2011:i:2:p:331-356




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Phil Cooke 
Author-X-Name-First: Phil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke 
Title: Innovation in Multinational Companies 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 357-359 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.543802 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.543802 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2011:i:2:p:357-359




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: &#xD6;zlem &#xD6;z 
Author-X-Name-First: &#xD6;zlem 
Author-X-Name-Last: &#xD6;z 
Author-Name: Kaya &#xD6;zkaracalar 
Author-X-Name-First: Kaya 
Author-X-Name-Last: &#xD6;zkaracalar 
Title: What Accounts for the Resilience and Vulnerability of Clusters? The Case of Istanbul's Film Industry 
Abstract:
  In this paper, the film cluster in Turkey's cultural capital, Istanbul,
 is examined with the ultimate purpose of contributing towards a better
 understanding of the dynamics shaping the resilience and vulnerability of
 clusters. The paper seeks to shed light on the issue of how and why, in
 the face of a similar set of threats, Hollywood has proved so resilient
 but Istanbul's film cluster so vulnerable. Scrutinizing the emergence and
 the subsequent lock-in of the particular path followed by the Istanbul
 cluster and investigating the attributes of the proximate business
 environment that have been shaped along the way reveal that sustainability
 of a cluster seems to depend on three interrelated factors: how the
 cluster participants strategically respond to the upcoming threats, the
 structural capacity of the cluster to overcome such threats, and finally,
 the macro-socio-economic conditions (both at the national and global
 levels) against which the challenges occur and which mitigate or
 exacerbate them. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 361-378 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.548355 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.548355 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2010:i:3:p:361-378




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jose   M. Barrutia 
Author-X-Name-First: Jose   M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barrutia 
Author-Name: Carmen Echebarria 
Author-X-Name-First: Carmen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Echebarria 
Title: An Evolutionary View of Policy Network Management 
Abstract:
  This paper examines successful policy network (henceforth PN) practices
 in the Basque Country over an 18-year period, in relation to Cluster
 Associations, Quality Promotion and Local Agenda 21 Promotion. Basing our
 work on the Basque experience and on previous multi-disciplinary knowledge
 regarding learning processes, networking management and marketing, we
 contribute new insights that help to understand how PN management evolves.
 The need to analyse PN from an evolutionary perspective has been
 pinpointed by the various traditions of network research as one of the
 main gaps in the study of networking. Our research shows that expertise in
 PN management is generated through a long, performance-oriented
 dilemma-solving process that takes place in time and space. The first
 experiences provide initial knowledge and absorptive capacity, both of
 which improve through new and diverse experiences of increasing
 complexity. Step by step, a quantity of tacit and codified knowledge is
 created and shared, mainly through face-to-face contact, within the
 territory. Finally, the knowledge achieved is substantially similar to the
 normative knowledge that, though sparse, can be found in various
 networking literatures and needs to be brought together. But we also
 suggest that more emphasis on PN marketing is needed. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 379-401 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.548365 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.548365 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2010:i:3:p:379-401




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Theo Papaioannou 
Author-X-Name-First: Theo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Papaioannou 
Title: Public--Private Collaboration for New Life Sciences Innovation and Regional Development: The Cases of Cambridge and Scotland 
Abstract:
  Today, bioscientific research and commercialization are considered to be
 critical for improving a number of areas of social and economic life.
 Especially in the sector of human healthcare, the recent developments in
 new life sciences and biotechnology appear to constitute the main driving
 force of change. The most important characteristic of the new paradigm of
 technological change and innovation in life sciences is the close
 collaboration between all actors involved, including companies and
 research institutes, public policy initiatives and regional impacts. This
 paper examines in depth the complex collaborative relationships between
 public policy, public research and private firms in genomics and
 biotechnology, focusing on the cases of Cambridge and Scotland. On the
 basis of empirical evidence, it is argued that although these
 relationships are uneven and contradictory in both regions, they play
 significant roles in building firm-based and policy-making capabilities.
 Therefore, public--private collaborations in genomics and biotechnology
 are inevitable for regional innovation and development within the
 contemporary capitalist knowledge-based economy. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 403-428 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.548387 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.548387 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2010:i:3:p:403-428




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zorica Nedovi&#x107;-Budi&#x107; 
Author-X-Name-First: Zorica 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nedovi&#x107;-Budi&#x107; 
Author-Name: Dejan Djordjevi&#x107; 
Author-X-Name-First: Dejan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Djordjevi&#x107; 
Author-Name: Tijana Dabovi&#x107; 
Author-X-Name-First: Tijana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dabovi&#x107; 
Title: The Mornings after&#x2026;Serbian Spatial Planning Legislation in Context 
Abstract:
  This paper explores the changes in the Serbian spatial planning
 legislation and system as they relate to the political, socio-economic and
 institutional context and reflect societal dynamics and broad
 democratization processes. Drawing on the literature on societal and
 institutional embedding of planning, evolution of planning systems and the
 theory of transition, we present the case study of the changing societal
 context and planning legislation in the Republic of Serbia by comparing
 the contents, processes, and tools prescribed by the laws enacted in
 1985&#x2014;before the fall of communism&#x2014;and in 1995 and
 2003&#x2014;in the post-communist era. We find that the societal context
 and the level of political centralization in particular, are strong
 determinants of spatial planning legislation and system in Serbia. Other
 factors, such as the economic system and circumstances, professional
 culture and institutional maturity also significantly influence planning
 laws and their implementation. Planning systems and laws, indeed, mimic
 the societal dynamics with tendencies in path-dependency and discontinuity
 as well as innovation and re-invention that evade easy qualifications. The
 case study exposes the complex nature and meaning of societal transition
 vis-&#xE0;-vis evolutionary and transformational views of planning. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 429-455 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.548448 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.548448 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marc Parés 
Author-X-Name-First: Marc 
Author-X-Name-Last: Parés 
Title: River Basin Management Planning with Participation in Europe: From Contested Hydro-politics to Governance-Beyond-the-State 
Abstract:
  In recent years, new forms of governance have emerged in Europe engaging
 actors beyond the state in the act of governing. Water policy in general
 and basin management in particular, through the EU Water Framework
 Directive, is clearly one of the policies affected by these new forms of
 steering. Through two case studies carried out in Spain, this article
 analyses how in a few years hydro-politics in Europe has moved from a
 stage of social contestation to a new scenario of consensual governance.
 Wondering about the democratic qualities of these mechanisms and
 questioning the role of civil society on them, the research shows
 important differences in objectives and forms between social movements and
 the state around these new forms of governance. Although social movements
 are replacing strategies of contestation by strategies of collaboration
 with the state, the reproduction of geometries of power and the
 impossibility of tackling a political debate about the given framework of
 values established in a neo-liberal and market-driven context make the
 participation of civil society on governance mechanisms really difficult
 in terms of freedom and equality. We conclude that governance may be
 useful to avoid social conflict in a deliberative way, but is failing
 thinking citizens from a perspective of commonality. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 457-478 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.548454 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.548454 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: H.   Murat &#xC7;elik 
Author-X-Name-First: H.   Murat 
Author-X-Name-Last: &#xC7;elik 
Author-Name: Ersin T&#xFC;rk 
Author-X-Name-First: Ersin 
Author-X-Name-Last: T&#xFC;rk 
Title: Determination of Optimum Environmental Conservation: Using Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Techniques 
Abstract:
  The type and degree of conservation areas in Turkey legally dictate the
 kind of land uses that can and cannot take place in a conservation area.
 Thus, the conservation scheme is one of the most important criteria in
 designing an urban land-use plan. The aim of this study is to analyse the
 effects of various conservation decisions on land-use allocation holding
 everything else constant. This study uses a land-allocation mathematical
 programme formulated by Hanink and Cromley [(1998) Land-use allocation in
 the absence of complete market values, Journal of Regional Science, 38,
 pp. 465--480] that integrates the geographical information systems with a
 generalized assignment problem to determine an optimum level of
 conservation scheme in Cesme/Izmir, a coastal resort in Turkey. The
 findings state that the proposed technique is indeed very useful and
 promising to answer diversified practical issues on a more rational basis. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 479-499 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.548369 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.548369 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2010:i:3:p:479-499




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Pemberton 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pemberton 
Author-Name: Greg Lloyd 
Author-X-Name-First: Greg 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lloyd 
Title: Facilitating Institutional Reform in England: Reconciling City-regions and Community Planning for Efficiency Gains? 
Abstract:
  Considerable debate has taken place in England around the concept of the
 city-region. While there is contestation over the terminologies and
 interpretations of city-regionalism, this paper considers the extent to
 which it can offer a more integrative set of arrangements for community
 planning practices in England. Community planning is concerned with
 securing institutional efficiencies and sustainable development gains in
 the context of local service provision and integration. Attention is drawn
 to the extent to which the convergence of these two parallel processes may
 either exacerbate or ameliorate the institutional barriers to securing
 efficient and effective community planning. The paper argues that the
 effective translation of city-regionalism into practice is influenced by
 (i) variance in the territorial imaginaries/operational boundaries of
 local institutions and the impact on city-regional governance structures;
 (ii) the consistency of approach to city-regionalism that is evident
 within central government and the impact of national policy guidance on
 the establishment of functional city-regions and (iii) a lack of vertical
 integration between community planning and city-regional working. These
 impinge on the extent to which an effective &#x201C;spatial fix&#x201D;
 can be secured locally and the ability of community planning to act as a
 &#x201C;decongestant&#x201D; within an increasingly congested state. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 501-517 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.552567 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.552567 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2010:i:3:p:501-517




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlos Mendez 
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mendez 
Title: The Lisbonization of EU Cohesion Policy: A Successful Case of Experimentalist Governance? 
Abstract:
  This article traces the emergence of a new &#x201C;experimentalist
 governance architecture&#x201D; in EU Cohesion policy and assesses its
 effectiveness. Following trends in other EU policy areas, the core
 features of the architecture are the joint setting of objectives between
 EU institutions and the Member States, (semi-)autonomous implementation by
 the Member States and regions, the use of performance reporting and peer
 review mechanisms at the EU level and the periodic revision of policy
 objectives. The new architecture&#x2014;characterized by a hybrid mix of
 soft and hard new modes of governance&#x2014;has been instrumental in
 driving policy and governance change in the 2007--2013 strategies and
 delivery arrangements, although a direct and exclusive &#x201C;EU-driven
 effect&#x201D; is not always easy to discern. More fundamentally, the
 effects on mutual learning have so far been weak and are unlikely to
 improve unless a more structured and robust assessment and peer review
 process is introduced. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 519-537 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.548368 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.548368 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2011:i:3:p:519-537




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alper Aslan 
Author-X-Name-First: Alper 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aslan 
Author-Name: Ferit Kula 
Author-X-Name-First: Ferit 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kula 
Title: Is there Really Divergence Across Turkish Provinces? Evidence From the Lagrange Multiplier Unit Root Tests 
Abstract:
  Using data on per capita income among 67 provinces in Turkey over the
 period 1975--2001, regional stochastic convergence is evaluated. This
 study employees the LM unit root test to endogenously determine the number
 and location of structural breaks for each province. On the contrary,
 convergence literature on Turkish provinces, both univariate and panel LM
 tests provide strong evidence for convergence except for the provinces of
 Bitlis and Erzurum when structural breaks are taken into account. Our
 empirical results are in accordance with the neoclassical model. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 539-549 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.548359 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.548359 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2011:i:3:p:539-549




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Erik J&#xF6;nsson 
Author-X-Name-First: Erik 
Author-X-Name-Last: J&#xF6;nsson 
Title: Economy of Fascination: Dubai and Las Vegas as Themed Urban Landscapes 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 551-553 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.548370 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.548370 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2011:i:3:p:551-553




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rune Dahl Fitjar 
Author-X-Name-First: Rune Dahl 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fitjar 
Author-Name: Andrés Rodríguez-Pose 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrés 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodríguez-Pose 
Title: Innovating in the Periphery: Firms, Values and Innovation in Southwest Norway 
Abstract:
	      How do peripheral and relatively isolated regions innovate?
 Recent research has tended to stress the importance of agglomeration
 economies and geographical proximity as key motors of innovation.
 According to this research, large core areas have significant advantages
 with respect to peripheral areas in innovation potential. Yet, despite
 these trends, some remote areas of the periphery are remarkably innovative
 even in the absence of critical innovation masses. In this paper, we
 examine one such case--the region of southwest Norway--which has managed
 to remain innovative and dynamic, despite having a below average
 investment in R&D in the Norwegian context. The results of the paper
 highlight that innovation in southwest Norway does not stem from
 agglomeration and physical proximity, but from other types of proximity,
 such as cognitive and organizational proximity, rooted in soft
 institutional arrangements. This suggests that the formation of regional
 hubs with strong connections to international innovative networks may be a
 way to overcome peripherality in order to innovate.	      
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 555-574 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.548467 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.548467 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2011:i:4:p:555-574




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Annette Aagaard Thuesen 
Author-X-Name-First: Annette Aagaard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thuesen 
Title: Partnerships as Associations: Input and Output Legitimacy of LEADER Partnerships in Denmark, Finland and Sweden 
Abstract:
	      Formal EU regulations prescribe that LEADER local action
 groups (LAGs) should be organized as partnerships consisting of
 representatives from the different socioeconomic sectors. Three case
 studies of LAGs in Denmark, Finland and Sweden from the LEADER+ period
 2000-2006 indicate that LEADER partnerships have been organized in
 markedly different ways in the Nordic countries and that these differences
 have had consequences for the legitimacy of the groups. One important
 phenomenon is the increasing use of the associational form when organizing
 LAG partnerships. Through an evaluation of the input legitimacy and output
 legitimacy of the three LAGs, the article identifies different mixes of
 association and partnership and suggests combinations of the two
 organizational forms. It argues that without strict meta-governance,
 partnerships organized as associations have difficulties finding a place
 under the partnership umbrella.	  
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 575-594 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.548469 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.548469 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2011:i:4:p:575-594




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hans Thor Andersen 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans Thor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersen 
Author-Name: Lasse Møller-Jensen 
Author-X-Name-First: Lasse 
Author-X-Name-Last: Møller-Jensen 
Author-Name: Sten Engelstoft 
Author-X-Name-First: Sten 
Author-X-Name-Last: Engelstoft 
Title: The End of Urbanization? Towards a New Urban Concept or Rethinking Urbanization 
Abstract:
	      Urban growth and development have always been associated with
 specific nodes in an urban system. This association, however, does not
 make much sense in a world where the functional areas of many large cities
 have merged to form continuous urban landscapes. When more than 85% of a
 country's population is urbanized, the process of urbanization as commonly
 understood has come to an end, so that traditional means of analysis no
 longer suffice. Within a Danish context, this paper discusses limits to
 traditional urban analyses based on individual urban places and an urban
 rural dichotomy. It argues for the use of an alternative concept related
 to localization within a larger urban landscape and goes on to demonstrate
 how the pattern of urban growth in Denmark over the last 25 years may be
 explained by increasing mobility and improved access to labour markets.    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 595-611 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.548472 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.548472 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2011:i:4:p:595-611




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Gibney 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gibney 
Title: Knowledge in a "Shared and Interdependent World": Implications for a Progressive Leadership of Cities and Regions 
Abstract:
	      This paper suggests the need for a more penetrating research
 agenda around the theme of leadership for progressive urban and regional
 change. While a much improved understanding of the leadership contribution
 is emerging in the urban and regional studies context, no strong
 organizing discourse has yet surfaced in the debate around the leadership
 of cities and regions that might serve as a guide to the development of a
 more critical research and leadership development agenda going forward.
 This paper seeks to contribute to debate around theory and practice by
 exploring the idea that it is <italic>knowledge</italic> "writ large"--how
 it is created, developed, combined and deployed--that lies at the heart of
 a progressive transformation of cities and regions. And that consequently,
 we need to think of how leadership works in, for and through these
 settings alongside a broader understanding of the dynamics of knowledge.
 The paper draws on recent research and policy literature to present an
 argument for a re-framed leadership practice across European cities and
 regions and concludes with suggestions for a new combined and underpinning
 research agenda.	   
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 613-627 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.548474 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.548474 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Knippschild 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Knippschild 
Title: Cross-Border Spatial Planning: Understanding, Designing and Managing Cooperation Processes in the German-Polish-Czech Borderland 
Abstract:
	      Seven years after the accession of Poland and the Czech
 Republic into the European Union (EU) the intensity and the quality of
 cross-border cooperation along the new internal borders are still lagging
 behind. The physical barriers have been removed with the Schengen
 Agreement coming into force in 2007. However, the legal, institutional and
 mental barriers of cross-border cooperation still persist. Cross-border
 cooperation in spatial planning is often discontinuous and does not meet
 the expectations of the concerned parties. At the same time, the political
 pressure to cooperate is high and considerable financial means are
 available for territorial cooperation in the EU Structural Funds period of
 2007-2013. On the basis of three case studies in the area of the
 German-Polish border, the paper illustrates that there is a lack of
 knowledge and deficient competences for cross-border cooperation in
 municipalities and regional administrations. Impeding and supporting
 factors for cooperation have been identified. It has been proven that
 institutional capacity among the cooperating partners is crucial. The
 paper presents recommendations on how to design and manage cross-border
 communications to achieve transboundary strategy development for efficient
 and sustainable regional development in Central Europe's border regions.   
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 629-645 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.548464 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.548464 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Guido Codecasa 
Author-X-Name-First: Guido 
Author-X-Name-Last: Codecasa 
Author-Name: Davide Ponzini 
Author-X-Name-First: Davide 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ponzini 
Title: Public-Private Partnership: A Delusion for Urban Regeneration? Evidence from Italy 
Abstract:
	      Public-private partnership (PPP) is currently sought by
 scholars and policy-makers as a tool for overcoming the financial crisis
 of the State and low performance in public administration. Also, it is
 deemed as an opportunity to bring added value to projects and their
 contents in order to meet new, emerging social demands. Despite the
 growing attention paid to PPPs, international literature has been
 questioning their actual effectiveness and viability. PPPs suffer indeed
 from a lack of strategy-making and dynamism in public sector
 organizations: public action geared towards private business cooperation
 requires advanced accounting, management and steering skills that cannot
 be easily developed. Such issues match with the latest developments in the
 field of urban regeneration and represent a major stake for local
 governments. On the basis of empirical evidence from Italian urban
 regeneration projects, the paper highlights an actual paradox for urban
 policies. Even when favourable conditions for project management are met
 in the public sector, PPPs seem either unable to deliver innovative
 solutions or secure an actual, long-term engagement of private and public
 resources.	     
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 647-667 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.548471 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.548471 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Li Sheng 
Author-X-Name-First: Li 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sheng 
Title: Regional Competition and Sustainable Development: A Game Theory Model for Tourism Destinations 
Abstract:
	      The numerous side effects that accompany a rapid growth in
 tourism weaken the justification for an aggressive tourism development
 strategy. By applying a game theoretical framework to the context of
 strategic interactions between competitive and complementary destinations
 within a region, this paper shows that, for the sake of the destination's
 sustainable development, rational decision makers should choose moderate
 strategies instead of very aggressive ones.	      
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 669-681 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.548470 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.548470 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Dolores León 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dolores León 
Author-Name: Ana M. Fernández 
Author-X-Name-First: Ana M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández 
Author-Name: Esther Flores 
Author-X-Name-First: Esther 
Author-X-Name-Last: Flores 
Title: Scientific and Technological Knowledge of Universities in the EU-15: Implications for Convergence 
Abstract:
	      The construction of the new Europe based on knowledge
 strengthens the role of the regions and offers great potential for
 generating higher levels of growth and employment and greater prosperity
 and cohesion. In this paper, the geographical distribution of knowledge
 produced by European universities in the regions has been analysed by
 means of a sample from 213 regions in the EU-15, comparing its degree of
 concentration with that of economic activity and verifying whether a
 process of convergence of relevant indicators has taken place during the
 period 1998-2004. Finally, an evaluation as to whether this convergence of
 university scientific and technological knowledge affects the regional
 economic convergence has been carried out.	     
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 683-703 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.548468 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.548468 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Seda H. Bostanci 
Author-X-Name-First: Seda H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bostanci 
Author-Name: Mehmet Ocakçi 
Author-X-Name-First: Mehmet 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ocakçi 
Title: Innovative Approach to Aesthetic Evaluation Based on Entropy 
Abstract:
	      This paper describes an objective research method for the
 evaluation of cities in aesthetic terms. The evaluation in the research is
 carried out via urban skyline scale. The aesthetic value is brought into
 numerical quantity by adapting the visual codes of the design elements
 that compose the urban skyline. The connections and correlations between
 the visual codes represent the information capability of the urban
 skyline. The relation and the fictional order of the structure and
 landscape integrity, composing the urban skyline, define the aesthetic
 qualities of city. Entropy, according to the information theory, is the
 quantification of the information amount of the coded data. Skyline coding
 models connected to the formal aesthetic design criteria with the
 developed entropy approach are to be discussed in terms of their
 contributions to urban design researches. In this research, the skylines
 of Istanbul's various urban areas are evaluated by using entropy as an
 innovative method in urban design applications. For obtaining measurable
 quantitative aesthetic values for urban skylines, these values have been
 compared with each other. In accordance with this, it has been determined
 that Istanbul's urban identity attributes and skylines that represent its
 historical structures have more informational aesthetic value than other
 urban patterns. So, there is proximity between quantitative values of
 entropy and informational aesthetics. It has been proved that, based on
 formal aesthetic criteria, aesthetic qualities of cities are measurable
 with the entropy approach.	     
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 705-723 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.548473 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.548473 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Henning 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Henning 
Title: The Handbook of Evolutionary Economic Geography 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 725-726 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.548475 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.548475 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Niels   Boje Groth 
Author-X-Name-First: Niels   Boje 
Author-X-Name-Last: Groth 
Author-Name: S&#xF8;ren Smidt-Jensen 
Author-X-Name-First: S&#xF8;ren 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smidt-Jensen 
Author-Name: Thomas   Alexander Sick Nielsen 
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas   Alexander Sick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nielsen 
Title: Polycentricity: An Issue in Local Development Strategies? Findings from the Baltic Sea Region 
Abstract:
  Since its introduction in the mid-1990s, the concept of
 <italic>polycentricity</italic> has had a fashionable status in the EU
 countries. Polycentricity is seen as a means to create a more balanced
 development and increase the competitiveness for more peripheral cities
 and regions based on increases in mass and exploitation of complementary
 assets. However, this &#x201C;belief&#x201D; in polycentricity may be
 problematic as the geography of strategic relevance for many cities is in
 essence trans-local. The paper presents evidence on the geography of
 strategic networking assembled from three case cities from the Baltic Sea
 Region. The strategic networking of cities as they aim to re-develop their
 economies after decline in manufacturing, rarely rely on polycentric
 relations within the regions. Cities act as entrepreneurs and cooperate
 with the most relevant and competent &#x201C;players&#x201D; in the
 market. Strategic partnerships are matched with policies generally
 neglecting distance and regional associations. The weaknesses of
 polycentricity as a development concept, and its links to networks of
 innovation are discussed. Regionally based polycentricity should be seen
 as a special case of the more general conditions of a new relational
 geography, where polycentricity may be of relevance to cities depending on
 regional location and capacity for re-structuring. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 727-751 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.561034 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.561034 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Asbj&#xF8;rn Karlsen 
Author-X-Name-First: Asbj&#xF8;rn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Karlsen 
Title: &#x201C;Cluster&#x201D; Creation by Reconfiguring Communities of Practice 
Abstract:
  By asking how agglomerations of certain industries emerge, the paper
 investigates processes of local specialization inspired by evolutionary
 theory. Deductive reasoning found in the competitiveness literature is
 de-emphasized. The paper rather introduces an alternative approach to
 agglomeration formation, based on microsociology: &#x201C;The
 reconfiguring of communities of practice&#x201D;. Six Norwegian
 municipalities, having three times as high rate of employment in
 mechanical engineering industry as the nation, are subjects for
 comparative studies. The paper identifies and explains five different
 types of startup initiatives where new firms within this industry sector
 are added to the local firm population. They are all interpreted as
 reconfigurations of local communities of practice and as such considered
 as endogenous processes: parent firms as incubators for entrepreneurial
 spin-offs and serial entrepreneurs create growth in specialized
 agglomerations. Some local environments have particular capacities to
 generate an increasing number of firms. Prevailing family businesses limit
 growth at the firm level. &#x201C;Big company&#x201D; traditions hamper
 entrepreneurship. Deliberate demergers in order to cope with market crises
 compensate for the downsizing of dominant companies. It is surprising that
 the study has not identified examples of localizations from outside into
 the agglomerations. The theoretical approach and the empirical findings
 from the study have certain policy implications regarding facilitating
 endogenous development. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 753-773 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.561035 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.561035 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jean-Claude Boldrini 
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Claude 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boldrini 
Author-Name: Nathalie Schieb-Bienfait 
Author-X-Name-First: Nathalie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schieb-Bienfait 
Author-Name: Emmanuel Chéné 
Author-X-Name-First: Emmanuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chéné 
Title: Improving SMEs' Guidance Within Public Innovation Supports 
Abstract:
  In the 1980s, public bodies became aware of the importance of small- and
 medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in regional economic development. In order
 to stimulate their innovativeness and to overcome their inward limits,
 public policies set up innovation agencies all over European countries.
 Criticisms arose after 10 years of existence because of their low
 usefulness. This article aims to develop a better understanding of the
 relationship between SMEs and innovation agencies. It presents the
 implementation of a management scheme which experimented with new
 solutions in French SMEs, to overcome previous gaps. Our article seeks to
 enrich research exploring the links between the SME and the innovation
 agencies within knowledge-based clusters. It advocates new principles to
 improve SMEs' guidance in innovation processes and shows that they are
 still essential organizations to support SMEs' innovativeness, especially
 the structurally weak and inward-looking looking ones. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 775-793 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.561036 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.561036 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lauren Andres 
Author-X-Name-First: Lauren 
Author-X-Name-Last: Andres 
Title: Alternative Initiatives, Cultural Intermediaries and Urban Regeneration: the Case of <italic>La Friche</italic> (Marseille) 
Abstract:
  This paper discusses the role played by the cultural regeneration of a
 tobacco factory known as <italic>La Friche</italic> in the urban
 renaissance of Marseille. It builds an analytical framework to decrypt the
 extent to which the network and strategy building, the mobilization
 capacity and the project-making ability was developed in the two main
 episodes of governance by the cultural intermediaries <italic>Syst&#xE8;me
 Friche Thé&#xE2;tre</italic> (the collective in charge of the cultural
 initiative). This led to the rise of <italic>La Friche</italic> as one of
 the key cultural facilities in Marseille within the project
 Euroméditerranée and in the successful application to the 2013 European
 Capital of Culture schemes highlighting the sustainable development of
 this initiative initially supposed to be temporary. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 795-811 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.561037 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.561037 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ayda Eraydin 
Author-X-Name-First: Ayda 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eraydin 
Title: Changing Istanbul City Region Dynamics: Re-regulations to Challenge the Consequences of Uneven Development and Inequality 
Abstract:
  In this paper, it is claimed that the dynamics that enabled the emergence
 of city regions as new places of globalization brought about significant
 changes and restructuring in these areas in the early years of neo-liberal
 policies. Subsequently, from the 1990s onwards a new neo-liberalist
 agenda, in reply to the problems of the early period of globalization,
 defined new relations and new dynamics for city regions. The aim of this
 paper, with the help of earlier Istanbul case studies, is to discuss the
 changes taking place in city regions, including the outcomes of the
 neo-liberal policies induced by the competitiveness of the 1980s,
 especially those related to the distribution of welfare and social
 cohesion, which forced the nation state to reconfigure its neo-liberal
 project. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 813-837 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.561038 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.561038 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dilek Beyazli 
Author-X-Name-First: Dilek 
Author-X-Name-Last: Beyazli 
Author-Name: &#x15E;inasi Aydemir 
Author-X-Name-First: &#x15E;inasi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aydemir 
Title: Does Urban Consciousness Help Understand The Citizens' Role in Planning? 
Abstract:
  Planning theories and concepts have been evolved from the classical
 planning to post-modern planning. Which planning theory is appropriate to
 which community under which circumstances is still a matter of debate to
 be accentuated, particularly in developing countries. However, planning
 practice in Turkey is based on comprehensive planning theory, which is a
 bureaucratic and top-down approach. On the contrary, the contemporary
 planning approach espouses participation of the local citizens and locale.
 Public participation as a planning tool has not yet taken its place in
 Turkish planning rules and laws. So, public participation depends on the
 goodwill of local planning authorities and is practiced at a limited
 level. Having limited participation should be closely related with the
 quality of participants, recognition of planning site or community,
 awareness of problems of that community and the level of being. So, the
 following assumptions are of interest of this paper which is thought to be
 important in planning. Whether urban consciousness is a possessed merit or
 acquired afterwards, could citizens be enlightened in this matter. Whether
 being urban and having urban consciousness contribute to the solution of
 the urban problems through participation in the planning and
 plan-implementation processes. Whether the level of being urban is similar
 throughout the community or in the city. Whether being urban is related to
 the place where people live and to their social status, and if yes,
 whether being urban could be mapped/charted. Elaboration on the above
 assumptions/questions is the essence of this paper and the analytical
 parts of the study will clarify them. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 839-860 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.561040 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.561040 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jean Hillier 
Author-X-Name-First: Jean 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hillier 
Title: Encountering Gilles Deleuze in Another Place 
Abstract:
  Inspired by Deleuze and Foucault, I develop a cartographic methodology of
 tracing as a new analytical frame with greater insight for spatial
 planning practice. Working with Foucauldian genealogy and Deleuzean
 pragmatics, investigation of materialities, in addition to expressivities,
 facilitates not only exploration of the force relations of power,
 knowledge and subjectivation, but also of the variable roles which the
 elements of an assemblage may play and the processes in which they become
 involved. A tracing methodology investigates how something came to be.
 Analysing the force relations between elements, the processes and
 conditions of possibility of the relations, associations and encounters
 between actants, structures and events affords greater insight into
 actuality. I apply the methodology to the empirical case of Antony
 Gormley's installation, Another Place, on Crosby beach, north-west
 England, investigating how the iron men became configured in a series of
 encounters between those who desired Another Place to remain and those who
 opposed it. I conclude that a tracing methodology offers greater
 understanding of the politics of power in connection with broader
 political, social and economic structures and conditions of possibility. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 861-885 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.561041 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.561041 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tim Marshall 
Author-X-Name-First: Tim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marshall 
Title: Planning at the National Level in Europe in Relation to Major Infrastructure 
Abstract:
  This paper examines some recent cases of spatial planning at the national
 level. Such planning may be comprehensive, in some rare cases, or sectoral
 and with a more fuzzy and complex character. The paper concentrates on how
 such planning at the national level relates to the planning of major
 infrastructure in three European states. This reveals the wide range of
 approaches to such national-level planning, with quite differing
 arrangements and recent trajectories. The political economic circumstances
 of recent decades are layered on top of more enduring constitutional and
 historical--geographical characteristics, to frame the paths taken in each
 case. It is suggested that current arrangements are not likely to be up to
 the challenges now facing planning at this level. More careful academic
 focus on this level could help to suggest improved approaches. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 887-905 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.561042 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.561042 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yildiz Aksoy 
Author-X-Name-First: Yildiz 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aksoy 
Title: Green Planning According to Sustainable Growth and Development Potential in K&#xFC;&#xE7;&#xFC;k&#xE7;ekmece 
Abstract:
  The aim of this study is to investigate and analyse the forward looking
 green area system planning principles of the
 K&#xFC;&#xE7;&#xFC;k&#xE7;ekmece district from the point of view of
 sustainable growth and development potential and to explain the importance
 of green areas. This study has been conducted on the basis of the zoning
 plan on a 1/5000 scale for the K&#xFC;&#xE7;&#xFC;k&#xE7;ekmece district,
 and on quantitative data obtained from on the site research. As a result
 of this study, conclusions have been reached that the existing green areas
 of K&#xFC;&#xE7;&#xFC;k&#xE7;ekmece district are insufficient from a
 quantitative point of view, that they are distributed unevenly in the
 district as a whole, and that they are not used effectively from the point
 of view of the dynamics of sustainable growth and development. Proposals
 have been made concerning the future of the green area system from the
 point of view of sustainable growth and development. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 907-915 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.561043 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.561043 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ambra   G. Bergamasco 
Author-X-Name-First: Ambra   G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bergamasco 
Title: Planning Cultures in Europe. Decoding Cultural Phenomena in Urban and Regional Planning 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 917-919 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.561045 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.561045 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2011:i:5:p:917-919




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Satu Parjanen 
Author-X-Name-First: Satu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Parjanen 
Author-Name: Helin&#xE4; Melkas 
Author-X-Name-First: Helin&#xE4; 
Author-X-Name-Last: Melkas 
Author-Name: Tuomo Uotila 
Author-X-Name-First: Tuomo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Uotila 
Title: Distances, Knowledge Brokerage and Absorptive Capacity in Enhancing Regional Innovativeness: A Qualitative Case Study of Lahti Region, Finland 
Abstract:
  Scholars researching innovation are unanimous about the huge innovation
 potential in combining different fields of knowledge. Structural holes in
 innovation networks are especially fruitful in fostering new ideas and
 innovations. One problem in utilizing the innovation potential in
 structural holes stems from diversity or &#x201C;distance&#x201D; between
 the innovating partners. This study focuses on the concepts of distances,
 proximities, absorptive capacity and knowledge brokerage in relation to
 innovativeness in regional innovation networks. Knowledge brokers' own
 perceptions concerning their functions and roles in innovation policy are
 investigated by means of a case analysis of Lahti region in Finland. This
 study uses the experiences of the knowledge brokers to answer the question
 of how regional innovativeness could be skilfully enhanced by brokerage
 functions&#x2014;in particular, by utilizing distances and proximities. As
 a result of this study, five central roles are defined for knowledge
 brokers. Knowledge brokers' roles and functions are demanding as
 recognized by the brokers themselves. Successful brokerage and the related
 improvement of absorptive capacity require a holistic approach to entire
 innovation processes and their wider environment. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 921-948 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.568804 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.568804 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Udo Broll 
Author-X-Name-First: Udo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Broll 
Author-Name: Antonio Rold&#xE1;n-Ponce 
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rold&#xE1;n-Ponce 
Title: Clustering in Dresden 
Abstract:
  Several years after reunification, the situation of economic instability
 and social dissatisfaction demanded an ambitious plan to develop regions
 in East Germany. The key idea was to attract investment and business to
 the region. The peripheral situation of Saxony, and Dresden especially,
 has led to a focus on the non-traditional economic activities and sectors.
 Confronted with the challenge, policy-makers were able to find an
 imaginative solution: drawing on the inventive history of Dresden and the
 reputed Technische Universit&#xE4;t Dresden. The public leaders chose the
 high-tech path the moment the information technology business was booming.
 A cluster was created as a driver of prosperity in Dresden. A cluster
 means co-location of producers, service providers, educational and
 research institutions and other private and government institutions
 related through linkages of different types. The model of cluster can be
 understood as an analytical method of planning as well as a regional
 economic development policy. Dresden would be an interesting case study to
 identify the main operative elements of the term economic cluster. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 949-965 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.568806 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.568806 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ivo Mossig 
Author-X-Name-First: Ivo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mossig 
Title: Regional Employment Growth in the Cultural and Creative Industries in Germany 2003--2008 
Abstract:
  Since the end of the 1990s cultural and creative industries have
 generated increasing attention in academic, public and political
 discourse. Nowadays, these industries are seen to be important factors of
 regional development. Because an urban environment offers a special
 quality of place, which is stimulating, motivating, challenging and
 inspiring for creative people, cultural and creative industries are
 spatially highly concentrated in the major cities of each country.
 Furthermore, urban places have an advantage compared to more peripheral or
 rural regions by offering the creative talents particular surroundings
 with openness, diversity, tolerance and internationality to realize their
 individual life styles. Overall, it can be assumed, that the cultural and
 creative industries fulfil their role as engines of innovation, growth and
 increasing employment rates predominantly in major cities. The empirical
 analysis of regional employment shifts in the cultural and creative
 industries in Germany shows that the main hubs of the cultural and
 creative industries in Germany generated above-average growth rates
 between 2003 and 2008. The more rural regions declined in most cases
 against the overall employment growth of the cultural and creative
 industries in Germany by 5.0%. Hence, the peripheral regions afar from the
 urban cores could not benefit from the growth of cultural and creative
 industries. Furthermore, a shift analysis shows the importance of
 locational effects in explaining the regional employment dynamics in these
 industries. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 967-990 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.568807 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.568807 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eleonora Cutrini 
Author-X-Name-First: Eleonora 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cutrini 
Title: Moving Eastwards While Remaining Embedded: The Case of the Marche Footwear District, Italy 
Abstract:
  This article contributes to the knowledge about the evolution of
 industrial districts specialized in traditional manufacturing industries
 as a result of internationalization processes. On the basis of a
 longitudinal field study, the article describes the change in firms'
 delocalization that occurred in one of the main fashion-led Italian
 footwear districts during the period 2001--2009. After the well-known
 preferential destination towards Central and Eastern Europe, a second,
 more recent wave of delocalization over long distances is reported.
 Despite intensified delocalization, subcontracting relationships remain
 deeply embedded, and the updated evidence indicates a possible homecoming
 to the original area. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 991-1019 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.571062 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.571062 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jinn-Yuh Hsu 
Author-X-Name-First: Jinn-Yuh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hsu 
Author-Name: Le-Xin Lin 
Author-X-Name-First: Le-Xin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lin 
Title: The Leader Firms and the Evolution of an Industrial District: A Case Study of Hosiery District in Taiwan 
Abstract:
  The transformation of industrial districts has become a hot debate since
 the increasing globalization of national and regional economies occurred
 in the 1980s. This paper empirically examines the changing social
 networks, technological learning and industrial organization in the
 regional transformation of the hosiery district in Shetou, Taiwan. It
 shows that primordial social ties render the production networks costless
 and the networks of learning efficient for price competition in the early
 stage. However, as new challenges linked to the globalization process
 approach, the leader small and medium sized enterprises in Taiwanese
 industrial districts are not necessarily compelled to shift production
 jobs abroad, but they reposition themselves in local production chains
 with incurring extra-local resources to cope with the threats from new
 competitors. On the one hand, these leader firms take strategies of local
 reaction to rely overwhelmingly on local supply chains to meet the
 challenge. On the other hand, those owners of workshops which sit in the
 bottom of the local supply chains can do nothing but to live
 self-exploitative lives and face the perils of extinction. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1021-1041 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.568817 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.568817 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mattias K&#xE4;rrholm 
Author-X-Name-First: Mattias 
Author-X-Name-Last: K&#xE4;rrholm 
Author-Name: Katarina Nylund 
Author-X-Name-First: Katarina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nylund 
Title: Escalating Consumption and Spatial Planning: Notes on the Evolution of Swedish Retail Spaces 
Abstract:
  The aim of this article is to describe and investigate how the Swedish
 escalation in consumption and restructuring of retail spaces are dealt
 with in Swedish spatial planning. In the first part of this article, we
 present a history and an overview of the Swedish retail evolution. The
 major changes are presented, followed by a short discussion of some main
 actors in this evolution. In the second part of this article, we focus on
 policies and the planning process, discussing how the municipalities are
 expected to fulfil their tasks as the agents responsible for physical
 planning of commercial centres in the light of the ongoing rapid
 escalation of retail planning projects. Recent guidelines from the
 national and regional authorities for improvement of the current situation
 are analysed. Finally, we discuss recent research maintaining that a new
 form for project planning is emerging within commercial planning. This new
 form sometimes bypasses traditional planning practices and thus requires
 new instruments and organizations for a more effective planning of urban
 retail. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1043-1059 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.568819 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.568819 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kerem Arslanli 
Author-X-Name-First: Kerem 
Author-X-Name-Last: Arslanli 
Author-Name: Tuba Unlukara 
Author-X-Name-First: Tuba 
Author-X-Name-Last: Unlukara 
Author-Name: Vedia Dokmeci 
Author-X-Name-First: Vedia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dokmeci 
Title: Transformation of Public Spaces in Istanbul 
Abstract:
  Istanbul is the largest city in Turkey and is the most important
 socio-economic, cultural and touristic centre of the country. As the
 historical capital of three empires, its very rich cultural and social
 legacy is reflected in its public spaces. Despite its rapid growth and the
 transformation of its physical and social structures during the second
 half of the twentieth century, its public spaces still preserve much of
 their traditional social interactions, a quality which is difficult to
 find in many industrial cities. The purpose of this paper is to
 investigate the changes that have occurred through time in the social and
 physical characteristics of public spaces of the city. In the analysis,
 some distinguished streets, squares and waterfronts were chosen from
 different parts of the city and compared and contrasted with their
 previous and current physical and social characteristics. The results of
 this study illustrate that location, social and historical backgrounds,
 accessibility and investments for their redesign have played important
 roles in the successful transformation of these public spaces. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1061-1089 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.571434 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.571434 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fabio Manca 
Author-X-Name-First: Fabio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Manca 
Author-Name: Rosina Moreno 
Author-X-Name-First: Rosina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moreno 
Author-Name: Jordi Suri&#xF1;ach 
Author-X-Name-First: Jordi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Suri&#xF1;ach 
Title: The Role of the EU Internal Market in the Adoption of Innovation 
Abstract:
  This paper aims at analysing the impact of the regulation of the European
 Union (EU) internal market (IM) in the adoption of innovation. After
 constructing an indicator of innovation adoption based on the information
 provided by the Community Innovation Survey, in the first stage, we define
 the impact of some major IM regulations on cooperation, competition and
 trade across EU countries. The results of this first stage show how
 different IM regulations are important determinants of these three
 macroeconomic variables that we consider afterwards having an impact on
 innovation adoption. Hence, in the second stage we address whether
 innovation adoption rates significantly depend on the degree of
 cooperation, trade and competition as well as some control variables such
 as national legal structures and IPR regulations. Estimations have been
 computed using an econometric model whose dependent variable is total
 innovation adoption as well as its possible disaggregation into
 sub-categories. Results show that cooperation and its main IM determinants
 positively impact innovation adoption, leaving trade and competition as
 apparently minor channels of innovation adoption (and especially depending
 on the type of innovation adoption under examination). 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1091-1116 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.568821 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.568821 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tu&#x11F;ba &#x15F;ent&#xFC;rk 
Author-X-Name-First: Tu&#x11F;ba 
Author-X-Name-Last: &#x15F;ent&#xFC;rk 
Author-Name: Fatih Terzi 
Author-X-Name-First: Fatih 
Author-X-Name-Last: Terzi 
Author-Name: Vedia Dokmeci 
Author-X-Name-First: Vedia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dokmeci 
Title: Privatization of Health-care Facilities in Istanbul 
Abstract:
  A wide variety of health-care systems, ranging from the traditional
 private medical practice to medical care services, is organized by the
 government in Turkey. In the 1990s, as a result of privatization movement
 at the international level, the Turkish Government took the decision to
 financially support the establishment of new private health-care
 facilities in order to answer the increasing health-care needs of people
 and, at the same time, to create a competitive market to improve the
 quality of health care. This paper investigates, first, the growth pattern
 of the number of private hospitals beds versus public hospital beds and
 their spatial distribution in Istanbul; then, the relationships between
 the number of public and private hospital beds and the characteristics of
 the districts, such as population, income and education by using
 regression analysis. According to the results, while income and education
 are the most important factors to affect the number of private hospital
 beds, no relationship is found between the number of public hospital beds
 and the characteristics of the districts. Thus, most of the private
 hospitals are concentrated in the higher income neighborhoods. More
 efforts should be spent for balanced distribution of public and private
 hospital beds with respect to health-care needs of people. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1117-1130 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.571056 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.571056 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Storey 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Storey 
Title: Critical Toponymies. The Contested Politics of Place Naming 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1131-1132 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.568823 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.568823 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bj&#xF8;rn   T. Asheim 
Author-X-Name-First: Bj&#xF8;rn   T. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Asheim 
Author-Name: Jerker Moodysson 
Author-X-Name-First: Jerker 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moodysson 
Author-Name: Franz T&#xD6;dtling 
Author-X-Name-First: Franz 
Author-X-Name-Last: T&#xD6;dtling 
Title: Constructing Regional Advantage: Towards State-of-the-Art Regional Innovation System Policies in Europe? 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1133-1139 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.573127 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.573127 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Oliver Plum 
Author-X-Name-First: Oliver 
Author-X-Name-Last: Plum 
Author-Name: Robert Hassink 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hassink 
Title: On the Nature and Geography of Innovation and Interactive Learning: A Case Study of the Biotechnology Industry in the Aachen Technology Region, Germany 
Abstract:
  So far, relatively little research has been done on sectoral differences
 of innovation processes. In order to learn more about these differences,
 we apply the <italic>knowledge base</italic> concept which helps us to
 characterize the nature of critical knowledge that is indispensable for
 innovation activities. Two knowledge bases are distinguished: the
 <italic>analytical</italic> (science based) and the
 <italic>synthetic</italic> (engineering based) knowledge base. This paper
 focuses on the emerging biotechnology industry in the Aachen Technology
 Region in Germany. It aims to identify the knowledge base which is crucial
 for the development of new products and processes. Additional questions
 are as follows: How intense are cross-sectoral knowledge transfers and
 labour mobility? In which way can we observe innovation-oriented systemic
 interactions within the region and to which extent are the biotechnology
 firms connected to extra-regional knowledge sources? In order to
 investigate these questions, we apply social network analyses and
 descriptive statistics. Our results show that the knowledge base that is
 crucial for innovation activities is primarily of analytical nature.
 Interactive learning of biotechnology firms within the region is clearly
 dominated by industry--university links, while the vertical dimension of
 co-operative innovation processes is rather shaped on national and global
 scales for most firms. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1141-1163 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.573128 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.573128 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ingrid   H. Garmann Johnsen 
Author-X-Name-First: Ingrid   H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Garmann Johnsen 
Title: Formal Project Organization and Informal Social Networks: Regional Advantages in the Emergent Animation Industry in Oslo, Norway 
Abstract:
  This article focuses on the social networks that facilitate projects
 based activities in one particular part of cultural industries. Cultural
 industries are dependent on flexible ways of organizing their work because
 they operate in unpredictable markets. However, the organization of work
 in temporary projects challenges some key assumptions when it comes to the
 need for long-term, stable relationships for innovative and effective
 organizations. A key question is thus how firms that do not have a formal
 organization that creates stable relationships manage to create continuity
 in what they do. The study is based on semi-structured interviews with
 core firms that operate within the animation industry in Oslo, Norway. The
 findings show that in the animation industry, projects are part of the
 formal organization of the industry, while social networks are part of the
 informal organization and that different stages in the projects are
 governed by different types of network relations. The main conclusion is
 that mutual trust within the project networks and a strong shared sense of
 common vision between the members in the project networks are key factors
 that explain how the animation industry can function without formal
 organizational structures. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1165-1181 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.573129 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.573129 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roman Martin 
Author-X-Name-First: Roman 
Author-X-Name-Last: Martin 
Author-Name: Jerker Moodysson 
Author-X-Name-First: Jerker 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moodysson 
Title: Innovation in Symbolic Industries: The Geography and Organization of Knowledge Sourcing 
Abstract:
  This paper deals with geographical and organizational patterns of
 knowledge flows in the media industry of southern Sweden, an industry that
 is characterized by a strong &#x201C;symbolic&#x201D; knowledge base. The
 aim is to address the question of the local versus the non-local as the
 prime arena for knowledge exchange, and to examine the organizational
 patterns of knowledge sourcing with specific attention paid to the nature
 of the knowledge sourced. Symbolic industries draw heavily on creative
 production and a cultural awareness that is strongly embedded in the local
 context; thus knowledge flows and networks are expected to be most of all
 locally configured, and firms to rely on less formalized knowledge sources
 rather than scientific knowledge or principles. Based on structured and
 semi-structured interviews with firm representatives, these assumptions
 are empirically assessed through social network analysis and descriptive
 statistics. Our findings show that firms rely above all on knowledge that
 is generated in project work through learning-by-doing and by interaction
 with other firms in localized networks. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1183-1203 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.573131 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.573131 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tom Broekel 
Author-X-Name-First: Tom 
Author-X-Name-Last: Broekel 
Author-Name: Ron Boschma 
Author-X-Name-First: Ron 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boschma 
Title: Aviation, Space or Aerospace? Exploring the Knowledge Networks of Two Industries in The Netherlands 
Abstract:
  Little is known about the extent to which the structure of knowledge
 networks differs between industries and to what degree knowledge relations
 occur between actors in different industries. This paper presents a
 network study on the Dutch aviation and space industry. Both industries
 are often treated as similar and categorized as aerospace accordingly,
 although they show variations in their knowledge bases. Our study shows
 that the structure of the knowledge networks differs between the two
 industries, and few knowledge linkages have been established between the
 two. Our findings suggest that the gap between the two industries'
 knowledge networks is more pronounced for market knowledge than for
 technological knowledge. Non-profit organizations do seem to bridge the
 knowledge networks of the two industries. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1205-1227 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.573133 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.573133 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yaprak G&#xFC;lcan 
Author-X-Name-First: Yaprak 
Author-X-Name-Last: G&#xFC;lcan 
Author-Name: Sedef Akg&#xFC;ng&#xF6;r 
Author-X-Name-First: Sedef 
Author-X-Name-Last: Akg&#xFC;ng&#xF6;r 
Author-Name: Ye&#x15F;im Ku&#x15F;tepeli 
Author-X-Name-First: Ye&#x15F;im 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ku&#x15F;tepeli 
Title: Knowledge Generation and Innovativeness in Turkish Textile Industry: Comparison of Istanbul and Denizli 
Abstract:
  Regional innovation system (RIS) requires that two subsystems co-exist in
 a region: The first subsystem is the knowledge exploitation structure of
 the industrial base (symbolic, synthetic and analytic knowledge bases)
 [Moodysson, J., Coenen, L. & Asheim, B. (2008) Explaining spatial patterns
 of innovation: Analytical and synthetic modes of knowledge creation in the
 Medicon Valley life science cluster, <italic>Environment and Planning
 A</italic>, 40(5), pp. 1040--1056]. The second subsystem is the regional
 supportive infrastructure or knowledge-generating subsystem which consists
 of firms, educational institutions, knowledge organizations and other
 similar infrastructural bases in the region. The objective of the paper is
 to compare two textile-related clusters in Turkey with respect to the
 strengths and weaknesses of the RIS. The first region is Istanbul with a
 textile and fashion design cluster, the second region is Denizli which is
 an example of a traditional export-oriented centre for bathrobe and home
 textiles. Results of the empirical findings prove that the two regions
 having different knowledge bases and RISs have different deficiencies in
 innovative performance even if they are the subsectors of the same sector
 (textiles). 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1229-1243 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.573134 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.573134 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Franz T&#xF6;dtling 
Author-X-Name-First: Franz 
Author-X-Name-Last: T&#xF6;dtling 
Author-Name: Lukas Lengauer 
Author-X-Name-First: Lukas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lengauer 
Author-Name: Christoph H&#xF6;glinger 
Author-X-Name-First: Christoph 
Author-X-Name-Last: H&#xF6;glinger 
Title: Knowledge Sourcing and Innovation in &#x201C;Thick&#x201D; and &#x201C;Thin&#x201D; Regional Innovation Systems&#x2014;Comparing ICT Firms in Two Austrian Regions 
Abstract:
  In knowledge-based sectors such as ICT innovation is seen to be as a key
 factor for the competitiveness of firms. Nowadays, the innovation process
 is regarded to be highly interactive, so companies tend to rely on both
 internal and external knowledge. There are arguments that the character of
 knowledge and innovation links depends to a large extent on the density
 and the institutional setting of the respective regional innovation system
 (RIS). We investigate, therefore, whether firms in a metropolitan and
 non-metropolitan RIS exhibit different ways and patterns to source
 knowledge relevant for innovation. We expect that ICT companies in a
 metropolitan RIS such as Vienna rely to a much higher extent on local
 knowledge sources in particular from universities and research
 organizations. For firms in a non-metropolitan RIS, such as Salzburg, we
 expect a higher reliance on distant knowledge links with a variety of
 partners. At the beginning, we provide a conceptual frame, by introducing
 the concept of knowledge bases and a typology of knowledge links applying
 these to the innovation process in the ICT sector. Then we present some
 empirical evidence for ICT companies in the regions of Vienna,
 representing a metropolitan RIS with a high density of knowledge
 organizations and firms, and Salzburg standing for a non-metropolitan RIS
 with a lower size and density of such organizations. We analyse the types
 of knowledge sources, the channels of knowledge exchange and the spatial
 level of these interactions. In the final section, we will draw some
 policy conclusions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1245-1276 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.573135 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.573135 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2010:i:7:p:1245-1276




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ji&#x159;í Bla&#x17E;ek 
Author-X-Name-First: Ji&#x159;í 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bla&#x17E;ek 
Author-Name: Pavla &#x17E;í&#x17E;alov&#xE1; 
Author-X-Name-First: Pavla 
Author-X-Name-Last: &#x17E;í&#x17E;alov&#xE1; 
Author-Name: Petr Rumpel 
Author-X-Name-First: Petr 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rumpel 
Author-Name: Karel Skokan 
Author-X-Name-First: Karel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Skokan 
Title: Where Does the Knowledge for Knowledge-intensive Industries Come From? The Case of Biotech in Prague and ICT in Ostrava 
Abstract:
  The primary aim of this paper is to contribute to current discussion,
 concerning the role of geography of knowledge sources in
 knowledge-intensive industries from the perspective of a post-communist
 country (the Czech Republic), with its specific cultural and historical
 heritage, as well as its specific institutional and policy context. The
 article analyses the extent, to which the theoretical conceptualization of
 analytical and synthetic knowledge bases could be relevant for the
 geography of knowledge sources, within the emerging ICT and biotech
 sectors, in two selected regions of the Czech Republic (Prague and Ostrava
 regions). Our findings confirm the existence of significant variation in
 the geography of knowledge sources, according to the type of knowledge
 base (analytical versus synthetic) and the type of knowledge itself
 (technological versus market knowledge). The article is an outcome of the
 international project &#x201C;Constructing Regional Advantage: Towards
 State-of-the-art Regional Innovation Systems Policies in Europe?&#x201D;. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1277-1303 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.573136 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.573136 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2010:i:7:p:1277-1303




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Markku Sotarauta 
Author-X-Name-First: Markku 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sotarauta 
Author-Name: Tiina Ramstedt-Sen 
Author-X-Name-First: Tiina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ramstedt-Sen 
Author-Name: Sanna Kaisa Sepp&#xE4;nen 
Author-X-Name-First: Sanna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaisa Sepp&#xE4;nen 
Author-Name: Kati-Jasmin Kosonen 
Author-X-Name-First: Kati-Jasmin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kosonen 
Title: Local or Digital Buzz, Global or National Pipelines: Patterns of Knowledge Sourcing in Intelligent Machinery and Digital Content Services in Finland 
Abstract:
  In regional innovation systems (RIS), there is a need to identify the
 knowledge bases that firms draw upon and differentiate innovation policies
 accordingly. From this premise, the main aim of this paper is to compare
 two Finnish industries, intelligent machinery and digital content
 services, that draw upon different kinds of knowledge bases. The three
 main research questions discussed here are as follows: (a) do knowledge
 sources of the firms representing two different industries with two
 different knowledge bases differ from each other, and how; (b) how do the
 knowledge sources differ between different types of RIS and (c) what kind
 of extra-regional pipelines do the three different cases have? The RIS
 under scrutiny represent fragmented metropolitan (Helsinki metropolitan
 area), old industrial (Tampere region) and organizationally thin (South
 Ostrobothnia) RIS. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1305-1330 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.573139 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.573139 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2010:i:7:p:1305-1330




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alexandre Almeida 
Author-X-Name-First: Alexandre 
Author-X-Name-Last: Almeida 
Author-Name: Ant&#xF3;nio Figueiredo 
Author-X-Name-First: Ant&#xF3;nio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Figueiredo 
Author-Name: M&#xE1;rio Rui Silva 
Author-X-Name-First: M&#xE1;rio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rui Silva 
Title: From Concept to Policy: Building Regional Innovation Systems in Follower Regions 
Abstract:
  In the spirit of &#x201C;The Lisbon strategy&#x201D;, public policies are
 redirecting support from investment-driven policies to knowledge building
 as the main driver for competitiveness and innovation. This re-orientation
 poses different challenges to regions, and the regional innovation system
 (RIS) concept may be the central element, simultaneously goal and toolbox,
 for devising innovation-promotion policies. The RIS framework stresses the
 need to combine a systemic and inclusive view of innovation along with
 territorially embedded specificities. In this paper, we explore how to
 operationalize the concept of RIS in terms of innovation policy, arguing
 against a &#x201C;one-size-fits-all&#x201D; approach. Concentrating our
 analysis on follower regions, we bridge the concept of RIS with the
 structural deficiencies and challenges posing to this kind of regions, for
 which innovation policy should seek an adequate combination between
 science-push and demand-pull perspectives. We also address the importance
 of taking advantage of the catching-up status, building upon the research
 and development cost advantages and clustering around external initiatives
 as well as the correction of important constraints to the construction of
 a RIS. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1331-1356 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.573140 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.573140 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2011:i:7:p:1331-1356




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cristina Chaminade 
Author-X-Name-First: Cristina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chaminade 
Title: Are Knowledge Bases Enough? A Comparative Study of the Geography of Knowledge Sources in China (Great Beijing) and India (Pune) 
Abstract:
  Using firm-level data collected through a survey in 2008 followed by
 semi-structured interviews with firms in 2009--2010, this article
 systematically compares the geography of linkages of the software industry
 between two regions, one in India (Pune) and one in China (Great Beijing).
 In contrast to what the literature on knowledge bases and regional
 innovation systems argues the paper points out to marked differences both
 in the organization as well as in the geographical spread of the knowledge
 sources in the software industry between Pune and Greater Beijing. The
 paper suggests that the literature of knowledge bases could benefit from
 incorporating the insights from strategy studies as well as innovation
 systems studies. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1357-1373 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.573171 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.573171 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2011:i:7:p:1357-1373




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Diana Reckien 
Author-X-Name-First: Diana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Reckien 
Author-Name: Cristina Martinez-Fernandez 
Author-X-Name-First: Cristina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Martinez-Fernandez 
Title: Why Do Cities Shrink? 
Abstract:
  Cities and regions in different political contexts might play different
 roles in building communities, but when the cities shrink, they share
 common elements of what can be characterized as a &#x201C;shrinkage
 identity&#x201D;. One well-documented element is the independence from the
 country political context and a certain dependence on the effects of
 globalization on local industries. It can be described as economic
 structural dependency. Two other potential elements received very little
 attention: social structural dependency (so-called instituted behaviour)
 and urban sprawl. Case studies from Germany and England and observations
 in Australia witness that these three elements are specifications of the
 same analogue on different levels: spatial mismatches of needs and urban
 functions. This paper poses questions related to the role of the spatial
 mismatch concept and particularly interrogates social structural
 dependencies and urban sprawl as examples. It suggests that the latter are
 certainly contributing to long-term urban shrinkage (as cause and effect)
 and that spatial mismatches in general are hardly discussed as reasons for
 it. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1375-1397 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.593333 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.593333 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2010:i:8:p:1375-1397




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Annamaria Fiore 
Author-X-Name-First: Annamaria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fiore 
Author-Name: Maria   Jennifer Grisorio 
Author-X-Name-First: Maria   Jennifer 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grisorio 
Author-Name: Francesco Prota 
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Prota 
Title: Regional Innovation Systems: Which Role for Public Policies and Innovation Agencies? Some Insights from the Experience of an Italian Region 
Abstract:
  Increasing globalization, if properly exploited, can provide interesting
 opportunities for regional economies. Nevertheless, when they are not
 managed with a far-sighted approach, regions, and particularly those at an
 intermediate level of development, can lose their comparative advantages
 compared with regions of developing countries. Innovation is the main
 instrument for improving and ensuring competitiveness to enterprises and
 growth opportunities to local economies. The aim of this paper is to
 discuss the importance of public policies in reinforcing regional
 innovation systems and the role of regional innovation agencies. With this
 in mind, we describe the policies implemented by the &#x201C;Regional
 Agency for Technology and Innovation&#x201D; of Apulia, a region in
 Southern Italy, highlighting its main strengths and weaknesses. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1399-1422 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.586173 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.586173 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francisco Puig 
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Puig 
Author-Name: Helena Marques 
Author-X-Name-First: Helena 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marques 
Title: The Dynamic Evolution of the Proximity Effect in the Textile Industry 
Abstract:
  This paper tests the evolution of the relationship between localization
 and proximity and their effect on firm performance for a sample of 10,490
 Spanish textile firms in the period 2001--2006. Using coefficients of
 specialization two levels of geographical disaggregation are
 distinguished: (i) the provincial cluster and (ii) the industrial
 district. The results obtained show a positive and significant impact of
 the specialization level on productivity, both for industrial districts
 and provincial clusters (in this case only when the levels of
 specialization are high enough). In general, the effect is higher for
 industrial districts than for provincial clusters, although in both cases
 it decreases with time. Given that in most EU countries the textile
 industry has a tendency to be geographically concentrated in industrial
 districts, these results carry important implications for the textile
 industry. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1423-1439 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.586174 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.586174 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eleonora Lorenzini 
Author-X-Name-First: Eleonora 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lorenzini 
Title: The Extra-urban Cultural District: An Emerging Local Production System: Three Italian Case Studies 
Abstract:
  This paper seeks to identify the distinctive variables of a particular
 type of local production system: the extra-urban cultural district
 (E-UCD). Although cultural districts are becoming an important field of
 investigation, most of the literature has concentrated on urban clusters,
 cities of art and cities of culture. However, place-based policies for
 rural development are also increasingly focusing on the need to valorize
 natural and cultural amenities. This paper contributes to the developing
 body of theory on cultural districts in extra-urban areas. The three
 levers whose valorization determines the success of the development of the
 E-UCD are identified. Each issue is discussed in theory and in practice,
 drawing on research on the three Italian case studies of Cinque Terre, Val
 d'Orcia and Ravello. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1441-1457 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.586179 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.586179 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2010:i:8:p:1441-1457




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Huggins 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Huggins 
Title: The Growth of Knowledge-Intensive Business Services: Innovation, Markets and Networks 
Abstract:
  The increasing economic focus on knowledge has spurred the growth and
 development of knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS). This paper
 seeks to further understand the evolution and growth of KIBS firms and the
 nature of their networks and markets. It is argued that changing
 competitiveness conditions are heightening the requirement for firms in
 most sectors to innovate and take advantage of their core competences and
 knowledge. This is resulting in a growing trend by firms to outsource
 KIBS. The paper draws on interview data from a sample of KIBS firms in
 London and Helsinki. It is concluded that the growth of KIBS is stretching
 the limits of globalization through the creation of new spaces of
 knowledge flow. However, regions continue to be key knowledge bases and
 remain the primary spatial architecture underlying the systems of
 innovation within which KIBS are positioned. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1459-1480 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.586172 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.586172 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ana Colovic 
Author-X-Name-First: Ana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colovic 
Author-Name: Ulrike Mayrhofer 
Author-X-Name-First: Ulrike 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mayrhofer 
Title: Optimizing the Location of R&D and Production Activities: Trends in the Automotive Industry 
Abstract:
  This article analyses the location strategies pursued by multinational
 corporations. The empirical study is based on automobile MNCs of Triad
 nations, which need to optimize the location of their activities in order
 to remain competitive. The main objective of the paper is to determine to
 which extent automotive MNCs are globalized or regionalized. The analysis
 focuses on production and R&D activities, which play a strategic role in
 the global value chain of companies. The arguments presented show that,
 whilst most car manufacturers used to concentrate a large part of
 production and R&D activities in their country of origin or home region,
 they currently accelerate the geographic diversification of investments.
 Thus, the importance of production and, to a lesser extent, of R&D
 facilities based abroad is constantly growing, especially in emerging
 markets, which can be considered particularly attractive territories for
 MNCs. In a context in which the attractiveness of countries and regions
 appears to be in a state of constant change, the present study contributes
 to a better understanding of the location choices made by automotive MNCs. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1481-1498 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.586175 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.586175 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sandra Huning 
Author-X-Name-First: Sandra 
Author-X-Name-Last: Huning 
Author-Name: Matthias Naumann 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthias 
Author-X-Name-Last: Naumann 
Author-Name: Oliver Bens 
Author-X-Name-First: Oliver 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bens 
Author-Name: Reinhard   F. H&#xFC;ttl 
Author-X-Name-First: Reinhard   F. 
Author-X-Name-Last: H&#xFC;ttl 
Title: Transformations of Modern Infrastructure Planning in Rural Regions: The Case of Water Infrastructures in Brandenburg, Germany 
Abstract:
  Despite profound transformations of spatial development patterns, the
 &#x201C;modern infrastructure ideal&#x201D; of universal and standardized
 supply with infrastructure services continues to play an important role in
 discussions on the future of rural infrastructures in shrinking regions of
 East Germany. Regional planners have reacted to current demographic,
 socio-economic and environmental transformations by scrutinizing
 infrastructure standards, but have only begun to reflect upon enhancing
 the flexibility of infrastructure systems themselves. Until recently,
 infrastructure planning was treated as a more or less technical and
 economic problem, without taking into proper account regional
 specificities and local non-expert knowledge. This paper suggests that
 flexible, regionally specific and participatory approaches may offer
 opportunities for innovative and sustainable planning solutions also
 applicable beyond the infrastructure sector. Referring to the difficult
 case of the transformation of water supply and waste water disposal
 systems of Brandenburg in north-eastern Germany, the paper discusses
 <italic>(1)</italic> the mismatch between established
 infrastructure-related planning rationales and current planning problems
 and <italic>(2)</italic> potential guidelines that may be constitutive for
 sustainable water infrastructure planning in the future. These guidelines
 lead to more general reflections on how infrastructure planning may be
 conceptualized in view of transforming demographic, environmental and
 socio-economic conditions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1499-1516 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.586177 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.586177 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fernando Teig&#xE3;o dos Santos 
Author-X-Name-First: Fernando 
Author-X-Name-Last: Teig&#xE3;o dos Santos 
Author-Name: Maria   Ros&#xE1;rio Partid&#xE1;rio 
Author-X-Name-First: Maria   Ros&#xE1;rio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Partid&#xE1;rio 
Title: SPARK: Strategic Planning Approach for Resilience Keeping 
Abstract:
  In a world in growing turbulence, complexity and uncertainty, where
 crisis is becoming the norm rather than the exception, resilience is
 increasingly seen as a critical feature that reflects the capacity of a
 system to absorb disturbance and reorganize without collapsing. Resilient
 systems are more adaptable to change, are more able to learn and are less
 vulnerable to disturbance and external shocks (e.g. natural phenomena,
 economic crises or political shifts). The resilience theories are
 re-emerging as a field of research and practice with application to
 socio-ecological systems, fostering new insights in the discussions about
 sustainable development. The main purpose of this paper is to explore
 resilience as a concept and as a framework for promoting more sustainable
 trajectories, highlighting its potentialities and advantages for policy
 and planning processes. SPARK, or the strategic planning approach for
 resilience keeping is introduced in the paper as a new sustainability
 framework, following key underlying concepts and seven key principles that
 capture the essence of resilience theories. The paper advances a
 methodological concept proposal for resilience assessment and planning
 that aims to contribute to linking theory and practice, performing
 knowledge brokerage and enhancing policy learning. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1517-1536 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2009 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.533515 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.533515 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Verena Hachmann 
Author-X-Name-First: Verena 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hachmann 
Title: From Mutual Learning to Joint Working: Europeanization Processes in the INTERREG B Programmes 
Abstract:
  This paper analyses processes of Europeanization within the EU INTERREG B
 programmes, triggering the Europe-wide development of networks that can
 initiate policy transfer processes. The INTERREG B programmes
 have&#x2014;if at all&#x2014;been discussed with regard to Europeanization
 processes being discussed as a form of horizontal Europeanization. This
 paper analyses how horizontal Europeanization processes may take place in
 INTERREG B projects and shows additionally how the INTERREG B programmes
 also enable other forms of Europeanization processes&#x2014;top-down and
 bottom-up&#x2014;to take place. Identifying the potential channels of
 influence on policies and understanding their mechanisms constitute an
 important basis for project actors to make more active use of these
 channels and thus enhance the long-term impact of their project results.
 Furthermore, it enables programme actors to develop a better understanding
 of project mechanisms and programme frameworks to increase their impact
 and relevance. These questions are of relevance for the quality and impact
 aspects of INTERREG projects. Until now, however, evaluations of INTERREG
 B projects have rarely taken the less &#x201C;tangible&#x201D; policy
 transfer effects into account and have not addressed questions about
 causal mechanisms behind project and programme impacts. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1537-1555 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.594667 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.594667 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gokcen Kilinc 
Author-X-Name-First: Gokcen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kilinc 
Author-Name: Nuran   Zeren Gulersoy 
Author-X-Name-First: Nuran   Zeren 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gulersoy 
Title: Evaluation of the Potential for Districts/Counties to Become Provinces with Respect to the Level of Urbanization in Turkey 
Abstract:
  This paper presents the political, socio-economic, spatial and
 demographic aspects for the changing administrative status of
 districts/counties in Turkey in the last two decades (1990s and 2000s)
 with respect to urbanization and development levels. There has been a
 rapid increase in the number of provinces in Turkey recently. Fourteen
 districts/counties have been announced as new provinces in years between
 1989 and 1999. There were attempts and applications for the other 129
 districts, till the present day to become a &#x201C;province&#x201D;. In
 fact, attempts and requests to become a province for districts create
 pressures on policy makers, central government bureaucrats and members of
 the Parliament and prevent adequate formulation of urbanization and
 administrative subdivision. In this study, it is aimed to take a picture
 of the urbanization levels of districts by using the multivariate
 statistical analysis and to develop some proposals for the applications of
 changing the administrative status of settlements as well. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1557-1580 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.586176 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.586176 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jane Hardy 
Author-X-Name-First: Jane 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hardy 
Author-Name: Grzegorz Micek 
Author-X-Name-First: Grzegorz 
Author-X-Name-Last: Micek 
Author-Name: Pawe&#x141; Capik 
Author-X-Name-First: Pawe&#x141; 
Author-X-Name-Last: Capik 
Title: Upgrading Local Economies in Central and Eastern Europe? The Role of Business Service Foreign Direct Investment in the Knowledge Economy 
Abstract:
  This article introduces the main themes of the special issue on the role
 of business service foreign investment in Central and Eastern Europe and
 its propensity to upgrade regions and localities. The debate is firmly set
 in the context of an increasing emphasis on the knowledge economy. We
 point to conceptual and data problems which make it difficult to
 accurately gauge quantitative and qualitative trends. A connection is made
 between the drivers of offshoring and the potential benefits for
 localities. The importance of linking research findings to policy issues
 is underlined. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1581-1591 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.586180 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.586180 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2010:i:9:p:1581-1591




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Magdolna Sass 
Author-X-Name-First: Magdolna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sass 
Author-Name: Martina Fifekova 
Author-X-Name-First: Martina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fifekova 
Title: Offshoring and Outsourcing Business Services to Central and Eastern Europe: Some Empirical and Conceptual Considerations 
Abstract:
  The global structural shift towards service-based foreign direct
 investment (FDI) across the world is a relatively recent phenomenon
 resulting from the increased tradability of services. Although India and
 Ireland have traditionally been viewed as the main receiver countries, the
 Central and Eastern European (CEE) region is becoming an increasingly
 popular destination for business service offshoring and outsourcing. The
 article focuses first on the empirical and conceptual challenges to
 understanding the offshoring and outsourcing of business services in the
 context of significant difficulties with their definition, categorization
 and classification. It discusses the shortcomings of quantitative data and
 provides a theoretical framework needed to understand the specific
 patterns of service sector FDI in the context of CEE. Second, the article
 outlines the current position of CEE countries as destinations for service
 sector FDI: it analyses the patterns of service sector investment and
 discusses the reasons for its emergence as a receiver region. The
 empirical material is drawn from 30 interviews conducted with senior
 managers in business service foreign investment in the Czech Republic,
 Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. The article concludes that the composition
 of services FDI flows is changing, reflecting the growth of resource
 seeking vertical investment in the region. The share of CEE countries in
 the global flows of this type of investments is still low, but the region
 shows a growing potential. Its attractiveness is based on a number of
 factors, like availability of skilled labour with strong language skills,
 low costs, favourable business and stable political environment,
 well-developed infrastructure and geographical and cultural proximity to
 Western Europe. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1593-1609 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.586196 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.586196 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pawe&#x142; Capik 
Author-X-Name-First: Pawe&#x142; 
Author-X-Name-Last: Capik 
Author-Name: Jan Drahokoupil 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Drahokoupil 
Title: Foreign Direct Investments in Business Services: Transforming the Visegr&#xE1;d Four Region into a Knowledge-based Economy? 
Abstract:
  Foreign direct investments (FDIs) in the service sector are widely
 attributed an important role in bringing more skill-intensive activities
 into the Visegr&#xE1;d Four (V4). This region&#x2014;comprising Poland,
 the Czech Republic, Hungary and Slovakia&#x2014;relied heavily on FDIs in
 manufacturing, which was often found to generate activities with limited
 skill content. This contribution deconstructs the chaotic concept of
 &#x201C;business services&#x201D; by analysing the actual nature of
 service sector activities outsourced and offshored to the V4. Using the
 knowledge-based economy (KBE) as a benchmark, the paper assesses the
 potential of service sector outsourcing in contributing to regional
 competitiveness by increasing the innovative capacity. It also discusses
 the role of state policies towards service sector FDI (SFDI). The analysis
 combines data obtained from case studies undertaken in service sector
 outsourcing projects in V4 countries. Moreover, it draws on interviews
 with senior employees of investment promotion agencies and publicly
 available data and statistics on activities within the service sector in
 the region. It argues that the recent inward investments in business
 services in the V4 mainly utilize existing local human-capital resources,
 and their contribution to the development of the KBE is limited to
 employment creation and demand for skilled labour. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1611-1631 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.586181 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.586181 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jane Hardy 
Author-X-Name-First: Jane 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hardy 
Author-Name: Graham Hollinshead 
Author-X-Name-First: Graham 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hollinshead 
Title: The Embeddedness of Software Development in the Ukraine: An Offshoring Country Perspective 
Abstract:
  Since 2004 there has been an acceleration in offshoring tasks that
 engender high-level skills. The aim of this article is to examine the
 offshoring of software development to the Ukraine from the perspective of
 sender countries. We report the data gathered from interviews with CEOs or
 senior managers in Europe and the US that offshore software development to
 the Ukraine. We use a three-fold conceptual framework to analyse the data,
 which focuses on; structural embeddedness to identify constraining
 influences; cognitive-cultural embeddedness to examine how firms leverage
 tacit knowledge and network embeddedness to understand the role of
 offshoring in wider corporate strategies. We conclude that while
 offshoring to the Ukraine has brought higher level employment for
 individuals, territorially and temporally it is weakly embedded. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1633-1650 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.586189 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.586189 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Grzegorz Micek 
Author-X-Name-First: Grzegorz 
Author-X-Name-Last: Micek 
Author-Name: Jaros&#x141;aw Dzia&#x141;ek 
Author-X-Name-First: Jaros&#x141;aw 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dzia&#x141;ek 
Author-Name: Janusz G&#xF3;recki 
Author-X-Name-First: Janusz 
Author-X-Name-Last: G&#xF3;recki 
Title: The Discourse and Realities of Offshore Business Services to Krak&#xF3;w 
Abstract:
  This paper examines the scale and the scope of foreign-owned
 subsidiaries' local impact measured mainly by multiplier effects.
 Criticizing the political economy of offshoring from a host country
 perspective and the notion of &#x201C;cathedrals in the desert&#x201D;,
 the authors attempt to compare and contrast the perceived effects with the
 real contribution of foreign direct investment in business process
 outsourcing and shared service centres in Krak&#xF3;w. The empirical
 research is based on an in-depth research project looking at qualitative
 and quantitative impacts of foreign-owned subsidiaries on the local
 economy of Krak&#xF3;w. It draws on extensive primary and secondary data,
 including financial and employment data, press releases, interviews and an
 employee survey. The paper draws the conclusion that discourses presented
 by policy-makers, business organizations and companies differ
 significantly from the real local impacts and multiplier effects. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1651-1668 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.586195 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.586195 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zolt&#xE1;n G&#xE1;l 
Author-X-Name-First: Zolt&#xE1;n 
Author-X-Name-Last: G&#xE1;l 
Author-Name: Pavel Pta&#x10D;ek 
Author-X-Name-First: Pavel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pta&#x10D;ek 
Title: The Role of Mid-Range Universities in Knowledge Transfer in Non-Metropolitan Regions in Central Eastern Europe 
Abstract:
  This paper focuses on the specific role of mid-range universities in
 knowledge transfer and explores the knowledge flows from these mid-range
 universities which face a number of additional constraints in transitional
 Central Eastern European (CEE) regions. The first part focuses on the
 theoretical framework of knowledge transfers and on the types of
 university--industry linkages involving knowledge transfer in the case of
 mid-range universities. The next section examines the development path and
 specific trajectories of universities in post-communist countries. The
 following sections draw on the findings of the ERAWATCH research and focus
 on cases from the non-metropolitan regions of Hungary and the Czech
 Republic in order to examine the specific barriers to knowledge transfer
 and explain the reasons behind the traditionally weaker role of mid-range
 universities. The paper argues that ambitious university-based
 developmental models have to be revised in CEE regions and the future
 development role of universities has to be reconsidered from a more
 realistic perspective. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1669-1690 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.586186 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.586186 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthias Kiese 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthias 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kiese 
Author-Name: Martin Wrobel 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wrobel 
Title: A Public Choice Perspective on Regional Cluster and Network Promotion in Germany 
Abstract:
  Comparatively late by international standards, clusters and networks have
 now become established concepts in the development strategies of most
 German states and regions. However, there is a strong impression that
 policy and practice are running far ahead of our theoretical and empirical
 understanding of clusters. While conventional cluster theory fails to
 explain the spread and functions of such policies, this paper develops a
 Public Choice model that assumes different rationalities for consultants,
 politicians and practitioners, causing academic research and the practice
 of cluster development to drift apart. This is confronted with empirical
 evidence from two independent yet complementary surveys. The first covered
 134 practitioners, consultants and observers of regional cluster policy
 case studies with semi-structured interviews, while the second relied on a
 postal questionnaire yielding responses from 123 cluster and network
 managers. Our findings illustrate the self-conception of practitioners and
 their specific rationality, which can be confronted with the state of
 scholarly knowledge on clusters and networks. It is found that in the
 practical action space, conceptual differences between clusters and
 networks, as well as emergence and growth, hardly matter. Rather than
 emerging and evolving organically, both are understood as organized
 phenomena, and there is a strong technocratic belief in the ability to
 govern their development. The paper aims to shed some light on why the
 policy tail appears to be wagging the analytical dog by neglecting
 research findings and proper empirical identification of clusters and
 networks and what scholarly research could do to regain political and
 practical relevance. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1691-1712 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.615134 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.615134 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Blanca de Miguel Molina 
Author-X-Name-First: Blanca 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Miguel Molina 
Author-Name: María de Miguel Molina 
Author-X-Name-First: María 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Miguel Molina 
Author-Name: José   Albors Garrig&#xF3;s 
Author-X-Name-First: José   Albors 
Author-X-Name-Last: Garrig&#xF3;s 
Title: The Innovative Regional Environment and the Dynamics of its Clusters 
Abstract:
  This paper studies why some clusters in a certain region are more dynamic
 than others, even though they all operate within the same basic innovative
 regional environment. We first established which variables were to be used
 to measure the dynamics of a regional cluster. We included both inputs and
 outputs of the innovative regional environment and also cluster
 development-related variables. We then applied this to two clusters
 located in the Valencian Region, Spain. The first cluster is involved in
 the footwear industry, while the other is involved in the ceramic tile
 industry. The evolution of the variables which had an influence on their
 dynamics was studied to determine which variables had similar behaviours
 and how their evolution was related to the clusters' life cycle and to the
 evolution of regional income. The results show that regional innovation
 impacts on clusters&#x2019; productivity and that when clusters lose their
 dynamism, employment, sales and exports are the most affected variables. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1713-1733 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.614383 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.614383 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hilal Erku&#x15F;-O&#xA8;zt&#xFC;rk 
Author-X-Name-First: Hilal 
Author-X-Name-Last: Erku&#x15F;-O&#xA8;zt&#xFC;rk 
Title: Emerging Importance of Institutional Capacity for the Growth of Tourism Clusters: The Case of Antalya 
Abstract:
  Local development literature, recently, emphasizes the crucial role of
 institutions, institutional thickness and institutional capacity in
 addition to other classical factors of development in the competitiveness
 of regions. This paper attempts to analyze the role of tourism
 institutions and institutional capacity in the growth performance of
 tourism clusters. It uses not only the primary data gathered through
 structured interviews, but also the secondary data. This paper differs
 from previous research not only by discussing institutional capacity
 specifically for tourism literature but also by employing a quantitative
 method of analysis for explaining the factors influential on the growth of
 clusters. The findings reveal a very significant positive relation between
 the increase in institutional capacity and the growth of tourism clusters
 in Antalya. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1735-1753 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.614384 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.614384 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pablo Burillo 
Author-X-Name-First: Pablo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Burillo 
Author-Name: &#xC1;ngel Barajas 
Author-X-Name-First: &#xC1;ngel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barajas 
Author-Name: Leonor Gallardo 
Author-X-Name-First: Leonor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gallardo 
Author-Name: Marta García-Tasc&#xF3;n 
Author-X-Name-First: Marta 
Author-X-Name-Last: García-Tasc&#xF3;n 
Title: The Influence of Economic Factors in Urban Sports Facility Planning: A Study on Spanish Regions 
Abstract:
  Sports infrastructure development signals a major economic development in
 regional and local areas. It has considered one of the main policies
 related to promoting public health, by various studies. However, economic
 factors also come into play in the design and location of sports
 facilities. Our research aims to examine whether the economic development
 in the regions in Spain helps promote sports infrastructure development,
 using a synthetic indicator. We also examine the potential relationships
 in the main economic indicators that determine the wealth and economic
 development of the regions. There is a significant relationship between
 the degree of economic development in each Spanish region and the level of
 sports infrastructure resources. Insufficient investment in sports
 infrastructure, leads to fewer opportunities for Physical Activity by the
 population. These results should serve to redirect building planning and
 sports management policies onto the right path, and also give food for
 thought. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1755-1773 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.614385 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.614385 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jeroen van Schaick 
Author-X-Name-First: Jeroen 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Schaick 
Author-Name: Ina Klaasen 
Author-X-Name-First: Ina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Klaasen 
Title: The Dutch Layers Approach to Spatial Planning and Design: A Fruitful Planning Tool or a Temporary Phenomenon? 
Abstract:
  In 1998, a stratified model that distinguished spatial planning tasks on
 the basis of the differing spatial dynamics of substratum, networks and
 occupation patterns&#x2014;i.e. three layers&#x2014;was introduced in the
 national debate on spatial planning in the Netherlands. Although using
 layered models was not a new thing, this model hit a nerve in spatial
 planning practice, initially, in particular, on a national level, but
 later also on provincial and municipal levels. Since 1998, this
 &#x201C;layers model&#x201D; has developed into an approach to spatial
 planning and design: the Dutch layers approach. In the process, it got
 transformed in different ways. In this paper, we aim to provide
 information on and insight into the development of the layers approach
 between 1998 and 2009 both from a theoretical angle and from its
 application in practice, focusing on the variations of the layers approach
 that have been constructed since its introduction. We then add our own
 comments to the ongoing Dutch discourse concerning the layers approach,
 both in general and from the point of view of the relation between
 &#x201C;time&#x201D; and &#x201C;space&#x201D;. Concluding, we also answer
 the question posed in the title. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1775-1796 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.614387 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.614387 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katharina Manderscheid 
Author-X-Name-First: Katharina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Manderscheid 
Author-Name: Tim Richardson 
Author-X-Name-First: Tim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Richardson 
Title: Planning Inequality: Social and Economic Spaces in National Spatial Planning 
Abstract:
  While traces and techniques of power and contestation around the
 understanding and production of spaces are clearly recognized in the
 sociological and planning research literature, there has been little
 rigorous attention to how socio-spatial inequality is put at stake in
 strategic mobilization around particular spatial imaginaries. In an
 analysis of the German Spatial Planning Report, the paper examines how
 inequalities are represented in relation to space and movement in spatial
 strategy. The analysis shows how, in the report, the spatial dimension of
 the social is represented as a territorial container, in which the social
 merges into regional and national entities. Correspondingly, movement is
 only interpreted as a derived demand, ignoring its integrative aspect as
 precondition of participation and part of network capital. On the other
 hand, the spatiality of the economy is represented as something outside
 and fluid which is meant to be channelled into the territorial containers
 by means of regional development and spatial planning. These
 representations of the social suggest a territorialized culturally
 integrated society as the unquestioned frame of reference which has lost
 its adequacy and explanatory power against the background of a
 qualitatively and quantitatively increase of border transgressing
 relations and movements. However, this view &#xA0;covers the economic
 forces producing inequalities and reduces the political space of manoeuvre
 to redistributions within territorialized socialities, thus sustaining the
 dominant neoliberal paradigm. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1797-1815 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.614388 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.614388 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Munevver   Ozge Balta 
Author-X-Name-First: Munevver   Ozge 
Author-X-Name-Last: Balta 
Author-Name: Feral Eke 
Author-X-Name-First: Feral 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eke 
Title: Spatial Reflection of Urban Planning in Metropolitan Areas and Urban Rent; a Case Study of Cayyolu, Ankara 
Abstract:
  Settlements in metropolitan areas owing to urban development dynamics
 undergo a fast change and development in a short time. Planning policies
 which determine the land-use pattern of settlements supposedly shape this
 process. It is important to examine this process of change in order to
 control its consequences. Metropolitan areas in recent years have emerged
 as arenas for extreme land speculation. New development areas tend to
 coincide with the expectations of actors who are also very effective in
 the land market. With the increase in the number of plan amendments,
 partial plans on piece meal implementations, &#x201C;high urban
 rent&#x201D; has become a frequent and a familiar phenomenon. This article
 examines the speculative development that has occurred in the west
 corridor of Ankara metropolitan area and discusses the negative and
 positive roles of planning in this process. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1817-1838 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.614396 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.614396 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lucio   Carlos Freire-Gibb 
Author-X-Name-First: Lucio   Carlos 
Author-X-Name-Last: Freire-Gibb 
Title: The Rise and Fall of the Concept of The Experience Economy in the Local Economic Development of Denmark 
Abstract:
  This article discusses the evolution of the concept of &#x201C;The
 Experience Economy&#x201D; (TEE) in the Danish local economic policy. The
 term is rarely known worldwide; however, it has become quite popular among
 the Danes and other Scandinavians. Its origin comes from the American
 business-marketing field in the late 1990s, while in Denmark, it evolved
 as a multifaceted idea with notable effects for economic development at
 the local level. The concept is related to the cultural or creative
 economy, but in the Danish case, it became more diffuse. This article does
 not intend to be a critique of these two lines, nor to tourist
 attractions, which are also linked to TEE. However, it criticizes the
 implementation of an unorthodox idea to LED, even though it may have
 useful principles to other disciplines. This article reflects the line of
 recent research which has questioned its applications in LED. Local
 governments have supported this strategy because of the national
 government's key role. Also, academics and consultants contributed to the
 process. The article also investigates the reasons Denmark had for
 developing the concept of TEE in Danish local planning and development. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1839-1853 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.614391 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.614391 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maja Essebo 
Author-X-Name-First: Maja 
Author-X-Name-Last: Essebo 
Title: Transport for Suburbia 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1855-1856 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.614392 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.614392 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nick Clifton 
Author-X-Name-First: Nick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clifton 
Author-Name: Stefan G&#xE4;rtner 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan 
Author-X-Name-Last: G&#xE4;rtner 
Author-Name: Dieter Rehfeld 
Author-X-Name-First: Dieter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rehfeld 
Title: Companies, Cultures, and the Region: Interactions and Outcomes 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1857-1864 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.618683 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.618683 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Prud'homme van Reine 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Prud'homme van Reine 
Author-Name: Ben Dankbaar 
Author-X-Name-First: Ben 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dankbaar 
Title: A Virtuous Circle? Co-evolution of Regional and Corporate Cultures 
Abstract:
  This paper presents the results of a comparative analysis of the
 interaction between corporate cultures and regional cultures in seven
 different regions. First, we develop the hypothesis that under certain
 conditions, the interaction between corporate cultures and regional
 cultures becomes a virtuous circle, in which corporate performance and
 regional performance reinforce each other. Based on the literature on
 corporate and regional (innovation) cultures, nine different fields are
 identified in which the interaction between corporate culture and regional
 culture takes place and potentially contributes to the &#x201C;virtuous
 circle&#x201D;. The interaction of regional and corporate actors in the
 seven regions is then analysed for each of these fields of potential
 tension and synergy, resulting in a comparative overview of the regions,
 detailing where virtuous circles appear to be present and where the
 interaction appears to be absent or even counterproductive. Subsequently,
 the analysis zooms in on the cases where interaction between corporate and
 regional actors resulted in virtuous consequences, in order to identify
 actions of companies and regional actors that contributed to the
 &#x201C;virtuous circle&#x201D;. It is concluded that successful regions
 are regions that are handling the potential tensions in a balanced way.
 This requires mutual orientation in the actions of companies and regional
 actors and the development of change competencies on both sides. The
 results underline that the circle of interaction between corporate and
 regional cultures must be an open circle, so that external events can be
 used as an opportunity to trigger change and to set the &#x201C;virtuous
 circle&#x201D; in motion. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1865-1883 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.618684 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.618684 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Franz T&#xF6;dtling 
Author-X-Name-First: Franz 
Author-X-Name-Last: T&#xF6;dtling 
Author-Name: Peter Prud'homme van Reine 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Prud'homme van Reine 
Author-Name: Steffen D&#xF6;rh&#xF6;fer 
Author-X-Name-First: Steffen 
Author-X-Name-Last: D&#xF6;rh&#xF6;fer 
Title: Open Innovation and Regional Culture&#x2014;Findings from Different Industrial and Regional Settings 
Abstract:
  The concept of open innovation, building upon ideas of
 &#x201C;interactive innovation&#x201D; and &#x201C;innovation
 networking&#x201D; has gained interest more recently. It argues that
 companies should increasingly also rely on ideas and knowledge developed
 externally, and create external paths for innovation. There are various
 mechanisms used by companies for acquiring external knowledge such as R&D
 and innovation collaboration with other firms and universities, relations
 to spin-off companies, and informal knowledge interactions within local
 milieux and &#x201C;open innovation campuses&#x201D;. Open innovation and
 networking are no general phenomena but depend on certain company and
 regional characteristics such as the respective innovation culture. The
 interrelationship between open innovation and regional culture has been
 explored by studies on regional advantage emphasizing socio-cultural
 aspects of opening up innovation, the literature on regional clusters,
 emphasizing knowledge sharing in networks, and the contributions to
 regional innovation systems, emphasizing the role of the institutional
 environment. We investigate examples of open innovation for different
 regions of Europe including high-tech and low-tech industries: The
 Southeast region of The Netherlands (high-tech systems centred on Philips
 and performance materials centred on DSM), Basel (Life Science industry
 focused on Novartis and other firms) and Styria (metal industry). We
 analyse the ways and mechanisms at work for open innovation, and the way
 these are related to regional culture. We find that open innovation
 strategies of companies benefit from certain regional culture
 characteristics and that there is no uniform &#x201C;model of open
 innovation that applies to all types of regions&#x201D;. Region-specific
 solutions and policies are required that account for divergent regional
 conditions. The research shows that we rarely find the ideal model of
 &#x201C;uncontrolled&#x201D; open innovation, but rather different forms
 of innovation practices that are somewhere in between the open and the
 closed model. Both corporate cultures and regional cultures in the regions
 studied still show many aspects hampering open innovation, underlining
 that change towards a culture facilitating open innovation takes
 considerable time. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1885-1907 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.618688 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.618688 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2011:i:11:p:1885-1907




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Cooke 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke 
Author-Name: Dieter Rehfeld 
Author-X-Name-First: Dieter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rehfeld 
Title: Path Dependence and New Paths in Regional Evolution: In Search of the Role of Culture 
Abstract:
  The aim of this paper is to explore the extent to which regional culture
 informs the organizational culture of incumbent firms in specific regions
 and vice versa. To achieve this, we draw on a repertoire of conceptual and
 theoretical instruments, few of which have featured in the analysis of
 regional evolution hitherto. For example, the ideas of innovation systems
 of paradigm and regime are deployed as regional paradigms and regimes to
 access the dynamics of regional evolution. The concept of
 &#x201C;spacing&#x201D; is used to reveal the ways actors shape given
 places by meanings or symbols. Subsequently, the methodology of
 &#x201C;cultural framing&#x201D; is used to position key regional
 narratives and their meaning for regional evolution. This approach is then
 tested in a stylized manner against the main focal regions of the CURE
 project before being used in more detail to compare and contrast two of
 the more distinctive regional and corporate settings, Westphalia and
 Wales. In conclusion, we show the path inter-dependences and new path
 creations of both cast a new light on regional evolution in general and
 that of these regions in particular. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1909-1929 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.618685 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.618685 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2011:i:11:p:1909-1929




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan G&#xE4;rtner 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan 
Author-X-Name-Last: G&#xE4;rtner 
Title: Corporations and Regions: Capturing Multiple Vicinity Spaces in European Regions 
Abstract:
  While researching intersections of regional cultures and corporations the
 question arises which spaces are relevant for corporations? Instead of
 researching regions as fixed and bordered administrative or political
 entities, regions need to be deconstructed as varying and overlapping
 spaces. After a discussion of space in theory, three European regions are
 researched in this paper. Thinking in different space-layers is not only
 an academic exercise, but also has relevance for regional policy at
 different policy levels. It is of interest to understand companies'
 transaction spaces and the spaces perceived as relevant, to capture spaces
 for which companies are willing to take responsibility and to understand
 identity spaces. The sums of these spaces build the territory, which in
 contrast to the region as an administrative entity; comprises the social,
 cultural and historical spheres. In order to understand and govern
 territories, however, &#x201C;Multispace-Governance&#x201D; research in
 vertical structure is needed. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1931-1950 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.618687 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.618687 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2011:i:11:p:1931-1950




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Steffen D&#xF6;rh&#xF6;fer 
Author-X-Name-First: Steffen 
Author-X-Name-Last: D&#xF6;rh&#xF6;fer 
Author-Name: Christoph Minnig 
Author-X-Name-First: Christoph 
Author-X-Name-Last: Minnig 
Author-Name: Ulrich Pekruhl 
Author-X-Name-First: Ulrich 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pekruhl 
Author-Name: Peter Prud'homme van Reine 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Prud'homme van Reine 
Title: Contrasting the Footloose Company: Social Capital, Organizational Fields and Culture 
Abstract:
  In this article, we build on the discussion in economic sociology
 literature about the embeddedness of economic actions. We argue that the
 idea of a &#x201C;footloose&#x201D; company (a business whose performance
 is relatively independent of location decisions) is based on a simplified
 understanding of the social embeddedness of companies. An organizational
 field approach offers an appropriate theoretical framework in which recent
 developments of economic sociology and regional studies can be integrated.
 We depict the concepts of regional (organizational) fields, social capital
 and culture as an analytical triangle for empirical investigations of the
 embeddedness of companies. Then, we apply and test the theoretical
 framework in an analysis of four regions investigated in the
 &#x201C;Corporate Culture and Regional Embededness&#x201D; project (Basel
 area, East Westphalia-Lippe, the Southeast Netherlands and the Gy&#xF6;r
 region). From the empirical cases, we find strong support for the
 hypothesis that cultural embeddedness and long-term engagement within
 regions provide an added value for companies. This holds for companies
 with traditional roots in a region as well as for companies that are based
 within a region but are originally from outside. In the empirical cases,
 several manifestations of regional embeddedness can be distinguished. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1951-1972 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.618686 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.618686 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2011:i:11:p:1951-1972




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nick Clifton 
Author-X-Name-First: Nick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clifton 
Title: Regional Culture in the Market Place: Place Branding and Product Branding as Cultural Exchange 
Abstract:
  In the modern consumer economy, the intangible or symbolic qualities of a
 product play a decisive role in its success or otherwise in the market
 place. Moreover, this applies to places as well as to physical products.
 This in turn poses a key research question&#x2014;how can regions
 establish and maintain their distinctiveness in an ever more globalized
 and standardized world? Employing empirical data from the 6th framework
 project CURE, we observe three European regions (Gy&#xF6;r, Styria and
 Wales) as taking different paths in response to comparable challenges that
 are economic but more specifically in relation to issues of branding and
 image. The rationale for this paper is then to investigate one of these
 regions in some detail&#x2014;the case of Wales&#x2014;in order to explore
 how the interaction between regional products and cultural manifestations
 of regional identity can play out in a specific European region (or nation
 in this case). We then speculate on the generalizability of these findings
 and suggest an agenda for further research. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1973-1994 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.618689 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.618689 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2011:i:11:p:1973-1994




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mikl&#xF3;s Losoncz 
Author-X-Name-First: Mikl&#xF3;s 
Author-X-Name-Last: Losoncz 
Title: Continuity and Discontinuity in the Interaction of Regional and Corporate Cultures: Potsdam (Germany) and Gy&#x151;r (Hungary) 
Abstract:
  The paper compares the specific identical and different features of the
 relationship and interaction between corporate and regional cultures in
 Potsdam (Germany), on the one hand, and in Gy&#x151;r (Hungary), on the
 other hand, based on the empirical research results obtained in the
 Corporate Culture and Regional Embeddedness project. The major conclusion
 is that regional and, to some extent, broadly defined corporate cultures
 survived the socialist episode of history in both regions to a more
 pronounced extent than in the rest of the respective countries, thereby
 representing a high degree of continuity. Although the driving forces were
 different, embedded in a set of specific factors, the mobilization of this
 social capital produced a vicious circle after the transition to market
 economy in both regions, making the adjustment to the new situation more
 successful than in the other regions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1995-2008 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.618690 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.618690 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2011:i:11:p:1995-2008




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jean   Pierre Gilly 
Author-X-Name-First: Jean   Pierre 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gilly 
Author-Name: Damien Talbot 
Author-X-Name-First: Damien 
Author-X-Name-Last: Talbot 
Author-Name: Jean-Marc Zuliani 
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Marc 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zuliani 
Title: Hub Firms and the Dynamics of Territorial Innovation: Case Studies of Thales and Liebherr in Toulouse 
Abstract:
  The principal objective of this paper was to offer an approach to the
 notion of hub firms using concepts from the economy of proximity. It shows
 that the specificity of the hub firm lies in its ability to combine
 technical and relational skills, allowing early involvement with, for
 example, an aircraft manufacturer in order to take part in the design and
 production of systems or sub-assemblies. A particular characteristic of
 the hub firm is the way it develops linked organizational and geographical
 proximities which this article analyses in detail. In particular, such
 firms demonstrate the capacity to establish different types of
 organizational proximity based on whether they are co-ordinating with the
 architect-integrators or with sub-contractors, proximities sometimes
 reinforced by a temporary geographical proximity. When hub firms
 co-ordinate with industrial or scientific partners, which help them to
 conceive and master particular sets of skills, they often forge links
 based on geographical proximity in order to develop the innovations
 necessary for the acquisition and master of these in-house skills. These
 theoretical arguments are then tested in the cases of the hub firms Thales
 Aerospace and Liebherr Aerospace in the Toulouse aeronautical complex. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2009-2024 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2011 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.632904 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.632904 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2011:i:12:p:2009-2024




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joan Crespo 
Author-X-Name-First: Joan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Crespo 
Title: How Emergence Conditions of Technological Clusters Affect Their Viability? Theoretical Perspectives on Cluster Life Cycles 
Abstract:
  Clusters have been largely analysed in the literature. But most of the
 studies, adopting a static vision, have treated them as pre-established
 and successful structures. In contrast, this paper, by adopting a dynamic
 approach, studies the cluster life cycles. The changes of the cluster
 through time depend on the joint evolution of two dynamics that are
 mutually influenced: technological dynamics and regional dynamics.
 Consequently, we argue that clusters are not pre-established but emerge
 through a double competition process of technological and regional nature.
 Moreover, faced to a changing environment they are not always successful.
 Their long-term evolution depends on their viability capacities. We argue
 that viability is dependent on the emergence conditions, because different
 forms of emergence create clusters with different structures and so with
 different capacity to face threats and opportunities. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2025-2046 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.633824 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.633824 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2010:i:12:p:2025-2046




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cosmina   Lelia Voinea 
Author-X-Name-First: Cosmina   Lelia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Voinea 
Author-Name: Hans Van Kranenburg 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Kranenburg 
Title: Colocation Patterns of Foreign-Owned Firms in a Small Open Economy: Evidence from the Netherlands 
Abstract:
  This research addresses the colocation or agglomeration patterns of
 foreign-owned firms in the small open economy of the Netherlands. The
 empirical evidence shows that foreign-owned firms exhibit different
 regional colocation patterns than domestic firms for the following
 industries: mining, construction, transport and communications, services,
 and trade industry across the 12 Dutch provinces. In the agriculture
 industry, forestry and fishing industry, and the manufacturing industry
 the colocation patterns of the domestics and foreign-owned firms are
 similar. Empirical results also validate that firm size affects the
 agglomeration behaviour of foreign-owned firms; large foreign companies
 exhibit different collocation blueprints than smaller and, medium-sized
 enterprises. Related to industry, large foreign-owned firms target mainly
 the trade industry and the manufacturing industry. Results confirm that
 young established foreign-owned firms exhibit similar colocation patterns
 around older, more experienced foreign counterparts in the host economy.
 Furthermore, the colocation patterns of foreign-owned firms vary also
 according to different home countries. Firms coming from countries in
 proximity with the host economy reveal different colocation patterns than
 firms coming from more distanced countries. Our results strengthen the
 theoretical argumentation line that foreign-owned firms value location
 attributes differently depending on firm characteristics and they also
 exhibit a different location pattern than domestic counterparts. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2047-2072 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.633823 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.633823 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2010:i:12:p:2047-2072




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bal&#xE1;zs Lengyel 
Author-X-Name-First: Bal&#xE1;zs 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lengyel 
Author-Name: Bence S&#xE1;gv&#xE1;ri 
Author-X-Name-First: Bence 
Author-X-Name-Last: S&#xE1;gv&#xE1;ri 
Title: Creative Occupations and Regional Development in Hungary: Mobility of Talent in a One-centred Transition Economy 
Abstract:
  This paper gives an example of how human capital contributes to regional
 development in a small transition economy. We add new categories of
 creative occupation in order to have better possibilities for regional
 education level-creative class comparisons. Efforts are also taken to
 handle mobility of talent by the type of knowledge being exploited in the
 occupations. The data are collected from 168 Hungarian sub-regions from
 2001 and from 20 counties from years 1996 and 2005. Our findings suggest
 that contrary to the results in more developed countries, indicators of
 Hungarian creative occupations do not outperform education level measures
 of local labour force in describing regional development. Creative core is
 proved to have stronger effect on regional development than creative top
 and creative professionals. Moreover, university graduates with
 internationally mobile knowledge seem to be less attracted to the capital
 city than graduates, whose knowledge is more embedded into the national
 context. These latter occupations concentrate with a growing intensity in
 the capital, since it has been strengthened as the gate for the global
 market during the transition from planned to market economy. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2073-2093 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.633825 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.633825 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2010:i:12:p:2073-2093




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Johnston 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Johnston 
Title: The Economic Performance of UK Cities, 1995--2005: Driven by Knowledge-based Sectors or Consumption-based Sectors? 
Abstract:
  Within the current discourse on regional economic development, cities
 have increasingly become conceptualized as &#x201C;knowledge hubs&#x201D;
 and centres of innovative activity. Yet, cities are also centres of
 consumer spending and are the location for a large number of
 consumption-based sectors, that is, retail, restaurants and entertainment.
 This paper examines the contribution of both these sectors to economic
 development of UK cities using data from the period 1995--2005. The
 results suggest that the proportion employed in knowledge-based sectors is
 significantly higher within cities than in the non-city regions, while
 there are no significant differences in the proportion employed in
 consumption-based sectors between cities and non-city regions. In
 addition, despite the fact that employment in the two sectors is broadly
 similar within cities, higher levels of knowledge-based employment within
 a city are positively correlated with higher levels of both Gross Value
 Added (GVA) per capita and the growth rate of overall GVA. However,
 knowledge-based employment varies widely between cities; therefore, while
 cities may be viewed as the centres of knowledge-based employment as a
 whole, not all UK cities can be said to be dominated by knowledge-based
 employment. Finally, while employment in consumption-based sectors may not
 be associated with superior growth rates, these sectors still account for
 a similar proportion of employment within UK cities. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2095-2108 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.633821 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.633821 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2010:i:12:p:2095-2108




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Raine M&#xE4;ntysalo 
Author-X-Name-First: Raine 
Author-X-Name-Last: M&#xE4;ntysalo 
Author-Name: Inger-Lise Saglie 
Author-X-Name-First: Inger-Lise 
Author-X-Name-Last: Saglie 
Author-Name: G&#xF6;ran Cars 
Author-X-Name-First: G&#xF6;ran 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cars 
Title: Between Input Legitimacy and Output Efficiency: Defensive Routines and Agonistic Reflectivity in Nordic Land-Use Planning 
Abstract:
  The article describes tensions generated in land-use planning practices
 in Norway, Finland and Sweden, due to the shift towards New Public
 Management in actual governance practices, while the ideals of
 deliberative democracy in planning discourses and legislation have been
 retained. These tensions are studied empirically by making comparative
 observations of planning systems and practices in each country. The
 theoretical approach is developed by combining democracy and legitimacy
 theories with double bind theory and organizational learning theory. Based
 on this theoretical work, the article offers insights for reflectivity on
 the tensions. The Nordic ideal of deliberative democracy, expressed in the
 primary aims of our planning laws, may prohibit open acknowledgement of
 the uneasiness which follows from the fact that liberal democratic values
 (rights of landownership, free enterprise, etc.) are also secured. Thereby
 planners act and speak in terms of mixed messages, potentially habituated
 into defensive routines that may prohibit metacommunication on the basic
 tensions. The idea of agonistic reflectivity is offered as an approach to
 planning, which would acknowledge the tension between input legitimacy and
 output efficiency as a legitimate condition in itself, requiring ongoing
 political debate where the tension has to be continually discussed without
 actually ever being resolved. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2109-2126 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.632906 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.632906 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2010:i:12:p:2109-2126




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Erwin Van Der Krabben 
Author-X-Name-First: Erwin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Der Krabben 
Author-Name: Edwin Buitelaar 
Author-X-Name-First: Edwin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Buitelaar 
Title: Industrial Land and Property Markets: Market Processes, Market Institutions and Market Outcomes: The Dutch Case 
Abstract:
  Outcomes of land and property markets may be understood by studying the
 effects of (interventions in) market processes and market institutions.
 Many studies have paid attention to the meaning of institutions for land
 and property development processes. The standpoint of this paper is that
 changes in the institutional order of the market may be considered to
 arrive at more desirable market outcomes. It will be argued that
 institutional economic theory offers a valuable theoretical approach to
 bring forward possible interventions in this institutional order. This
 theoretical approach to land and property development processes is applied
 to analyse one specific market outcome, the spatial layout of industrial
 parks in the Netherlands. Starting from the analysis of the oversupply of
 industrial land and the deterioration of existing industrial parks, the
 paper focuses on possible interventions to change the institutional order
 that should lead to more favourable market outcomes. For the present
 <italic>submarket for industrial land</italic> (building plots), a number
 of interventions are discussed to internalize the externalities that occur
 in this market and to increase the number of suppliers. Additional
 interventions are proposed to create a &#x201C;new&#x201D;
 <italic>submarket for new leasehold industrial property</italic>, which is
 almost absent in the case of industrial estates. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2127-2146 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 19 
Year: 2010 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.633822 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.633822 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:19:y:2010:i:12:p:2127-2146




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hugo Priemus 
Author-X-Name-First: Hugo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Priemus 
Author-Name: Simin Davoudi 
Author-X-Name-First: Simin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Davoudi 
Title: Introduction to the Special Issue 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1-6 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.638495 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.638495 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:20:y:2012:i:1:p:1-6




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patricia Romero-Lankao 
Author-X-Name-First: Patricia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Romero-Lankao 
Title: Governing Carbon and Climate in the Cities: An Overview of Policy and Planning Challenges and Options 
Abstract:
  Urban centres play a crucial role in managing global carbon emissions
 (mitigation) and reducing vulnerability to climate change (adaptation).
 This paper describes some of the mitigation and adaptation entry points
 and challenges for city-relevant planning and policy-making posed by the
 processes defining urban greenhouse gas emissions, vulnerabilities and
 adaptive capacities. It finds that although many cities are already
 responding to the climate challenge, existing initiatives are fragmented
 and a piecemeal rather than a strategic approach is very common.
 Frequently mitigation and adaptation responses do not address many of the
 key drivers and determinants involved (e.g. consumption patterns and
 equity issues determining differentiated access to the determinants of
 adaptive capacity), nor do they fit with the issues they are intended to
 address. This is so because climate responses and the issues they are
 intended to address are multi-scale in nature because most of the
 processes involved operate at multiple sectoral, temporal and spatial
 levels. In the face of the complexity of the interconnected processes
 involved in the relationships between cities and climate change, it is not
 surprising that local authorities tend to move towards rhetoric rather
 than meaningful responses. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 7-26 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.638496 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.638496 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:20:y:2011:i:1:p:7-26




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan Greiving 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Greiving 
Author-Name: Mark Fleischhauer 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fleischhauer 
Title: National Climate Change Adaptation Strategies of European States from a Spatial Planning and Development Perspective 
Abstract:
  The aim of this article is to give an overview and systematic
 characterization of different national approaches to developing strategies
 of climate change adaptation from a spatial planning or regional
 development perspective, respectively. Based on this analysis,
 recommendations are made for the implementation of the Territorial Agenda
 of the European Union. The central research hypotheses addressed in this
 article are: (1) climate change impacts in Europe are distributed
 differently in European regions which influence the design of national
 adaptation strategies (NASs) in Europe as well as the planning-related
 fields of action; (2) the legal framework and the political-administrative
 system significantly determine how national adaptation responses are
 designed and by which institutions they are implemented and (3) spatial
 planning has the potential to play an important role in climate change
 adaptation due to its integrative, cross-sectoral character. In order to
 discuss the hypotheses, a meta-evaluation of already existing assessments
 of climate adaptation strategies was carried out, as well as nine in-depth
 country studies (Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Spain,
 The Netherlands and the UK). The results show that spatial planning is
 only given minor attention in the assessed analyses and national
 strategies and that it is rather a matter of political willingness and
 capacity building than particular instruments or a high climate change
 vulnerability if spatial planning, however, plays an important role in an
 NAS. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 27-48 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.638493 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.638493 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simin Davoudi 
Author-X-Name-First: Simin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Davoudi 
Title: Climate Risk and Security: New Meanings of &#x201C;the Environment&#x201D; in the English Planning System 
Abstract:
  Planning in England1 represents an important arena for the development
 and contestation of environmental discourses. Over the last century the
 changing assumptions about human-nature relationship have led to numerous
 meanings of &#x201C;the environment&#x201D; in planning. These have in
 turn influenced the choices made between: preserving, enhancing,
 protecting, compromising, trading, exploiting or guarding against, the
 environment. While recognizing the nuances of the environmental
 discourses, this paper identifies eight distinct meanings of the
 environment in contemporary plans including the environment: as local
 amenity, as heritage landscape, as nature reserve, as storehouse of
 resources, as tradable commodity, as problem, as sustainability and as
 risk. The latter has emerged as a result of growing climate change
 awareness. The paper argues that, while the emphasis on climate change
 mitigation has reinforced some aspects of the sustainability discourse,
 the adaptation agenda has introduced a new meaning of the environment as
 risk. This portrays the environment not so much in terms of assets to be
 sustained for human benefit, but in terms of threats against which human
 well-being should be safeguarded. Framed in the language of risk and
 security, this new discourse is bringing to the fore some of the outmoded
 approaches to planning. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 49-69 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.638491 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.638491 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Han Meyer 
Author-X-Name-First: Han 
Author-X-Name-Last: Meyer 
Author-Name: Anne   Loes Nillesen 
Author-X-Name-First: Anne   Loes 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nillesen 
Author-Name: Wil Zonneveld 
Author-X-Name-First: Wil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zonneveld 
Title: Rotterdam: A City and a Mainport on the Edge of a Delta 
Abstract:
  Within Europe, Rotterdam is by far the largest port and supplier of
 fossil energy sources. City and port have a &#x201C;sandwich&#x201D;
 position in the low lands between a sea with a rising level and rivers
 with increasing peak discharges. It is certainly no exaggeration to say
 that sustainability forms a matter of life or death for Rotterdam as a
 Delta City. The question of a sustainable Rotterdam or not is related to
 the following issues: (1) water management (preventing hazards; the
 restoration of the estuary; salinization); (2) urban renewal; (3) the
 spatial and climate footprint of the ever-growing port and (4) energy
 transition. Currently all these issues are dealt with largely
 independently of one another. For a genuinely sustainable future, linkages
 have to be made between strategies, projects and actors. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 71-94 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.638498 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.638498 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bert van Wee 
Author-X-Name-First: Bert 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Wee 
Author-Name: Kees Maat 
Author-X-Name-First: Kees 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maat 
Author-Name: Cees De Bont 
Author-X-Name-First: Cees 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Bont 
Title: Improving Sustainability in Urban Areas: Discussing the Potential for Transforming Conventional Car-based Travel into Electric Mobility 
Abstract:
  To reduce the environmental burden of urban road traffic, researchers and
 policy-makers have focused on reducing car use in urban areas, and
 improving public transport. Current expectations with respect to electric
 cars are high, not only for environmental reasons, but also because of the
 expected depletion of fossil fuels. Using a conceptual model for
 environmental burden caused by cars and a categorization of policy
 instruments and their effects, this paper discusses policies to encourage
 the adoption of electric cars. The paper also discusses the implications
 of the successful introduction of electric cars for conventional urban
 transport policies. The paper concludes that electric vehicles could bring
 substantial benefits to the environment and energy consumption, but the
 long-term environmental benefits largely depend on the size of potential
 rebound effects, the life-cycle effects with respect to energy,
 differences between electric cars and their competitors in
 &#x201C;well-to-wheel&#x201D; consumption, and&#x2014;more
 particularly&#x2014;improvements with respect to its main competitor:
 improved internal combustion engine powered cars. Secondly, the paper
 shows that policies to encourage electric cars should be adaptive.
 Probably in the early stages of introduction, privileges in central urban
 areas are useful. But in the long run, driving and parking electric
 vehicles should be limited for reasons of liveability. Thirdly, electric
 cars will never become a full substitute for public transport, the main
 reasons for this being land take and inefficient use of infrastructure. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 95-110 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.638497 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.638497 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Milly Tambach 
Author-X-Name-First: Milly 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tambach 
Author-Name: Henk Visscher 
Author-X-Name-First: Henk 
Author-X-Name-Last: Visscher 
Title: Towards Energy-neutral New Housing Developments. Municipal Climate Governance in The Netherlands 
Abstract:
  The Dutch government intends to sharpen the current energy performance
 standard of the national building regulations for new buildings (Energy
 Performance Coefficient) step by step to an energy-neutral level by 2020.
 In their climate policies, municipalities are preparing to meet this level
 for new buildings&#x2014;some of them even earlier. Nevertheless,
 possibilities to impose energy performance levels, higher than formulated
 at national level, are limited for municipalities. This paper
 investigates, how and through which policy instruments Dutch municipal
 authorities can promote energy-neutral new housing developments. This
 research suggests the following municipal climate governance approach and
 instruments: (1) an integrated design strategy for sustainable energy
 systems throughout the city: in both urban areas and buildings; (2)
 market-party-selection in tendering procedures based on sustainability
 criteria, including the energy performance of dwellings; (3) encouragement
 of community engagement for the deployment of renewable energy sources;
 (4) (inter)regional cooperation among cities in similar climatic zones on
 the development of both more uniform calculation methods for zero-energy
 buildings, and of a more uniform methodology for cities to monitor
 progress towards the self-set targets. However, stable and
 long-term-oriented European and national financial support for
 municipalities seems to be needed for municipal climate governance to
 become successful. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 111-130 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.638492 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.638492 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Minna Sunikka-Blank 
Author-X-Name-First: Minna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sunikka-Blank 
Author-Name: Jun Chen 
Author-X-Name-First: Jun 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen 
Author-Name: Judith Britnell 
Author-X-Name-First: Judith 
Author-X-Name-Last: Britnell 
Author-Name: Dimitra Dantsiou 
Author-X-Name-First: Dimitra 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dantsiou 
Title: Improving Energy Efficiency of Social Housing Areas: A Case Study of a Retrofit Achieving an &#x201C;A&#x201D; Energy Performance Rating in the UK 
Abstract:
  Currently, the majority of the European housing stock falls towards the
 bottom of the energy efficiency rating scale on the EU Energy Performance
 Certificate. If governments and businesses are to successfully address
 ambitious CO<sub>2</sub> reduction targets, then it will be imperative
 that energy-efficient measures and policies focus on existing housing. In
 order to understand what kind of retrofit is needed to achieve an
 &#x201C;A&#x201D; energy performance rating in social housing, the paper
 reports the findings of an on-going research project in the UK. The paper
 draws on a case study from the Technology Strategy Board's
 &#x201C;Retrofit for the Future&#x201D; competition entry in Cambridge.
 The upgrade strategy improved the home's energy performance rating to A,
 aimed to radically reduce carbon dioxide emissions
 (17&#xA0;kg&#xA0;m-super-&#x2212;2&#xA0;year-super-&#x2212;1) and provided
 affordable warmth for the tenants. In order to get an impression of the
 actual energy consumption in the case study, energy use behaviour of the
 household was observed. Based on the barriers identified in the case
 study, the feasibility of the current UK policy strategies (e.g. Smart
 Meters and Feed-in-Tariffs) to facilitate the acceptance of energy
 measures in social housing is discussed. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 131-145 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2011.638494 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2011.638494 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Author-Name: Declan Redmond 
Author-X-Name-First: Declan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Redmond 
Author-Name: Paula Russell 
Author-X-Name-First: Paula 
Author-X-Name-Last: Russell 
Title: Active Citizenship and Local Representational Politics in Twenty-First Century Ireland: The Role of Residents Groups within Dublin's Planning Arena 
Abstract:
  This paper explores the relationship between active citizenship at a
 local level and the workings of local government, focusing on urban
 planning processes in the Greater Dublin Area, Ireland. The paper argues
 that to fully understand the role of community actors within urban
 planning, there is a need to look beyond the institutions of planning and
 formal avenues of decision-making to examine the overlapping, disorganized
 and informal practices that are increasingly mobilized to influence
 planning outcomes. We argue that a key motivation for community action
 within our case study areas relates to the perceived failure in
 traditional representative democracy in managing rapid urban growth and
 addressing quality of life concerns of local residents. Rather than
 collaborate with the state in organized planning arenas, community actors
 play a key role in informal politics both outside and against the state,
 leading to tensions between state efforts to promote active citizenship
 and the resultant community action. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 147-170 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2010 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.650905 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.650905 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henrik Gudmundsson 
Author-X-Name-First: Henrik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gudmundsson 
Author-Name: Eva Ericsson 
Author-X-Name-First: Eva 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ericsson 
Author-Name: Miles Tight 
Author-X-Name-First: Miles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tight 
Author-Name: Mary Lawler 
Author-X-Name-First: Mary 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lawler 
Author-Name: Pelle Envall 
Author-X-Name-First: Pelle 
Author-X-Name-Last: Envall 
Author-Name: Maria   J. Figueroa 
Author-X-Name-First: Maria   J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Figueroa 
Author-Name: Katarina Evanth 
Author-X-Name-First: Katarina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Evanth 
Title: The Role of Decision Support in the Implementation of &#x201C;Sustainable Transport&#x201D; Plans 
Abstract:
  Improved decision support is deemed essential for the planning and
 implementation of sustainable transport solutions, but limited evidence
 exists that decision-relevant information is effectively used for these
 purposes. This paper applies a framework inspired by research in
 &#x201C;knowledge utilization&#x201D; to examine to what extent various
 kinds of decision support are used and have become influential in three
 different planning situations&#x2014;a local cycle plan in Copenhagen, the
 Stockholm congestion charging trial and the UK national transport
 strategy. The results reveal the extensive use of decision support but
 also the difficulty of unpicking its exact role in each case. Stockholm
 presented the most successful case, with a mix of academic and
 experience-based knowledge inputs facilitating understanding and
 acceptance. The cycle plan example revealed very limited influence of
 cycling design guidance. The UK national transport strategy fell somewhere
 in between with evidence of assessment and monitoring of the plans being
 well bedded in the culture of the organizations involved, but less
 supportive of sustainability objectives. While decision support and
 monitoring are clearly relevant, they provide no guarantee for the
 implementation of sustainable transport solutions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 171-191 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2010 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.650903 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.650903 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Massimo Battaglia 
Author-X-Name-First: Massimo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Battaglia 
Author-Name: Tiberio Daddi 
Author-X-Name-First: Tiberio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Daddi 
Author-Name: Francesco Rizzi 
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rizzi 
Title: Sustainable Tourism Planning and Consultation: Evidence from the Project INTER.ECO.TUR 
Abstract:
  Expansion of territories targeted by travellers and growth of attendance
 rates make tourism sector of significant interest for the implementation
 of policies on environmental protection at the European Union (EU) level.
 The need to protect local natural heritage, to integrate tourism industry
 development policies with the ones pertaining to other sectors that
 characterize a given territory and to enhance the overall environmental
 performance are some of the priorities that may appear conflicting at
 times. This paper discusses a method of analysis and planning aiming to
 promote potential directives of local governance. This method,
 representing the outcome of a process coordinated and shared across
 territories, is oriented towards the sustainable development of the area
 and refers to the implementation of integrated policies, The Interreg Eco
 Tourism (INTER.ECO.TUR) project, co-financed by the European Commission
 under the EU's INTERREG IIIC, provided the research with a useful case
 study to analyse the dynamics of sustainable tourism development within
 the European Mediterranean area. The debate of its results offers
 evidences on the possibility to develop such a governance process
 effectively, providing insight into an assessment methodology enriched by
 a clear-cut analysis of its applied experiences. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 193-211 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2010 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.650908 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.650908 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alexander Kubis 
Author-X-Name-First: Alexander 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kubis 
Author-Name: Matthias Brachert 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthias 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brachert 
Author-Name: Mirko Titze 
Author-X-Name-First: Mirko 
Author-X-Name-Last: Titze 
Title: Economic Structure and Regional Performance in Germany, 2002--2007 
Abstract:
  This paper explores the impact of industrial clusters on regional growth
 at the German labour market region level using a regional convergence
 model. Based on the results of an exploratory study of the geography of
 German industrial clusters, we are able to differentiate the impact of
 industrial clustering from a horizontal and a vertical perspective while
 taking regional convergence into consideration. The results indicate that
 in addition to an all-German process of convergence, a specific East
 German one can be identified. The different types of industrial clusters
 show mixed effects within this framework. While vertically isolated
 industrial clusters have a negative impact on regional growth in this
 period, positive growth effects can be identified when industrial clusters
 show an intra-regional vertical interconnectedness. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 213-229 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2010 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.650904 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.650904 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Amnon Frenkel 
Author-X-Name-First: Amnon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Frenkel 
Title: High-Tech Firms&#x2019; Location Considerations within the Metropolitan Regions and the Impact of Their Development Stages 
Abstract:
  The determinants of firms' location choice have changed over time, in
 particular in the high-tech industry. Few studies that investigate the
 factors that influence firms' location decision distinguish between firms
 in their early stages of life cycle and more established high-tech firms.
 This study identifies the considerations prioritized by high-tech firms in
 both categories in the process of choosing a location within a
 metropolitan region for establishing or relocating their business. The
 intra-metropolitan competition for high-tech plants was examined using
 data gathered through field surveys of managers of such firms in the
 Tel-Aviv metropolitan region. The findings shed light on the importance
 ascribed to internal and external factors in the decision on location made
 by the firms' managers. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 231-255 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2010 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.651799 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.651799 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aitziber Elola 
Author-X-Name-First: Aitziber 
Author-X-Name-Last: Elola 
Author-Name: Jesus   M. Valdaliso 
Author-X-Name-First: Jesus   M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Valdaliso 
Author-Name: Santiago   M. L&#xF3;pez 
Author-X-Name-First: Santiago   M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: L&#xF3;pez 
Author-Name: Mari   Jose Aranguren 
Author-X-Name-First: Mari   Jose 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aranguren 
Title: Cluster Life Cycles, Path Dependency and Regional Economic Development: Insights from a Meta-Study on Basque Clusters 
Abstract:
  In this study, we aim at evaluating the role of path-dependent and
 past-dependent forces in the historical trajectory of clusters. For that
 purpose, we study the life cycles of four of the main industrial clusters
 in the Basque Country (paper-making, electronics and information and
 communication technology, maritime industries and aeronautics) and analyse
 the factors that account for the origin, development, maturity and, if so,
 decline of those clusters, considering factors related to both cluster
 dynamics and the regional environment. Our analysis shows that the
 existence of a life cycle does not imply a straightforward growth path.
 Clusters follow multiple growth patterns in their development. The
 heterogeneity of growth patterns may be, in some cases, due to different
 initial conditions. However, despite similar initial conditions and/or
 resource endowments and opportunities for development, we can observe
 heterogeneous evolutionary patterns. Clusters react differently to the
 same external shocks (e.g. international demand, global competition and
 technological change) and evolve differently according to their
 capabilities. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 257-279 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2010 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.650902 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.650902 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M&#xAA;   Teresa Martínez-Fern&#xE1;ndez 
Author-X-Name-First: M&#xAA;   Teresa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Martínez-Fern&#xE1;ndez 
Author-Name: Josep Cap&#xF3;-Vicedo 
Author-X-Name-First: Josep 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cap&#xF3;-Vicedo 
Author-Name: Teresa Vallet-Bellmunt 
Author-X-Name-First: Teresa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vallet-Bellmunt 
Title: The Present State of Research into Industrial Clusters and Districts. Content Analysis of Material Published in 1997--2006 
Abstract:
  The aim of this work is to help gain a better understanding of the
 research conducted on territorial agglomerations of firms at a
 multidisciplinary level. To this end, an analysis was performed of the
 contents of the most significant scientific literature on economics,
 management, planning and development, urban studies and geography
 published over the period 1997--2006. From the results, a database of 142
 papers from 43 journals was then elaborated. An analysis of these works
 reveals the level of development of the main lines of research in this
 field and, consequently, makes it possible to detect the topics that
 require greater attention and that can be the object of future research
 for researchers and academics. The main conclusions include the growing
 number of studies conducted on the subject in recent years, as well as a
 greater predominance of empirical research over conceptual work, and the
 existence of a significant change in the topics or lines of research
 throughout the period under study. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 281-304 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2010 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.650906 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.650906 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:20:y:2010:i:2:p:281-304




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sven Stremke 
Author-X-Name-First: Sven 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stremke 
Author-Name: Ferry Van Kann 
Author-X-Name-First: Ferry 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Kann 
Author-Name: Jusuck Koh 
Author-X-Name-First: Jusuck 
Author-X-Name-Last: Koh 
Title: Integrated Visions (Part I): Methodological Framework for Long-term Regional Design 
Abstract:
  The growing complexity of regional planning and design, in combination
 with increasing concerns about climate change and resource depletion, has
 revived the discussion on strategic thinking. Spatial planning and
 landscape architecture develop long-term visions to facilitate the gradual
 adaptation of the physical environment. Despite accomplishments in both
 disciplines, the two domains have yet to exploit the full potential of a
 joint approach to long-term regional design. The objective of the
 multidisciplinary study reported in this paper was to explore alternative
 means of developing imaginative yet robust long-term visions. The study
 combined literature study with the development of several long-term
 visions for the creation of sustainable energy landscapes. This paper
 focuses on the emerging methodological framework for long-term regional
 design, and argues that three modes of change should be integrated into
 the design process: change due to current projected trends, change due to
 critical uncertainties and intended change. Subsequently, a five-step
 approach to the development of long-term visions is derived and
 illustrated in this paper. The second paper of this two-part series, which
 will be published in the April 2012 issue of European Planning Studies,
 centres on the application and the discussion of the five-step approach to
 integrated visions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 305-319 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2010 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.650909 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.650909 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:20:y:2010:i:2:p:305-319




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: María   Del Rocio Moreno-Enguix 
Author-X-Name-First: María   Del Rocio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moreno-Enguix 
Author-Name: Juan G&#xF3;mez-García 
Author-X-Name-First: Juan 
Author-X-Name-Last: G&#xF3;mez-García 
Author-Name: Juan   C. G&#xF3;Mez-Gallego 
Author-X-Name-First: Juan   C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: G&#xF3;Mez-Gallego 
Title: An Impact Analysis of the European Structural Funds on the Variation of the Rate of Employment and Productivity in Objective 1 Regions 
Abstract:
  Regional policies seek to enable regions to increase their
 competitiveness and development, and as such one priority objective of
 activities financed by Structural Funds is higher employment, higher
 productivity and economic activity. How efficiently the regions apply the
 funds is a fundamental issue for the development and continuity of
 regional policies. We, therefore, consider that determining the efficiency
 of European regional policies is an issue of high importance, and this is
 the main aim of this study. We have considered it appropriate to use the
 available information to apply a mathematical technique known as data
 envelopment analysis, which allows us to calculate the technical
 efficiency and inefficiency of the Structural Funds applied in the
 Objective 1 regions for the period 2000--2006. Furthermore, we wish to
 determine if the regions have been more efficient in increasing their
 levels of employment or in increasing productivity. Our study applies this
 methodology along with other methods such as regression analysis, profit
 analysis and factorial analysis to determine the variation in the rate of
 unemployment and productivity in these European Regions. The study reveals
 that only eight regions are efficient, although none of them is in all the
 models run. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 321-340 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2010 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.650907 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.650907 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:20:y:2010:i:2:p:321-340




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aysegul Eruygur 
Author-X-Name-First: Aysegul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eruygur 
Author-Name: Muhtesem Kaynak 
Author-X-Name-First: Muhtesem 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaynak 
Author-Name: Merter Mert 
Author-X-Name-First: Merter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mert 
Title: Transportation--Communication Capital and Economic Growth: A VECM Analysis for Turkey 
Abstract:
  This paper analyses the short- and long-term relationships between the
 transportation--communication capital and the output for Turkey. The study
 applies a Cobb--Douglas production function under the assumption of
 constant returns to scale and employs co-integration analysis by
 estimating a vector error correction model (VECM). As a result of the VECM
 estimation, one co-integrating relationship is detected. The results based
 on the impulse response function analysis imply that per labour
 transportation--communication capital appears both to have been a crucial
 input in the Turkish productive process and to have had a positive
 crowding in effect on the per labour non-residential total capital
 formation. Moreover, the results support the argument that the
 transportation--communication capital has a lagged impact on economic
 growth. The long-term accumulated elasticity of output to
 transportation--communication capital has been found to be 0.59. The
 long-term accumulated marginal product was also calculated. It implies
 that a 1 Turkish Lira increase in per labour transportation--communication
 capital results in a long-term rise of 1.45 Turkish Liras in per labour
 output. All these findings suggest that transportation--communication
 capital may be a powerful tool for policy-makers to promote long-term per
 labour real output growth in Turkey. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 341-363 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.650901 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.650901 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Huw Thomas 
Author-X-Name-First: Huw 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thomas 
Title: The Purpose of Planning 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 365-366 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.650910 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.650910 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lars Coenen 
Author-X-Name-First: Lars 
Author-X-Name-Last: Coenen 
Author-Name: Bernhard Truffer 
Author-X-Name-First: Bernhard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Truffer 
Title: Places and Spaces of Sustainability Transitions: Geographical Contributions to an Emerging Research and Policy Field 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 367-374 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.651802 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.651802 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luís Carvalho 
Author-X-Name-First: Luís 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carvalho 
Author-Name: Giuliano Mingardo 
Author-X-Name-First: Giuliano 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mingardo 
Author-Name: Jeroen Van Haaren 
Author-X-Name-First: Jeroen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Haaren 
Title: Green Urban Transport Policies and Cleantech Innovations: Evidence from Curitiba, G&#xF6;teborg and Hamburg 
Abstract:
  Facing climate change challenges, many local governments worldwide became
 active deploying green urban transport policies (GUTP). By doing so, their
 central objective was to curb CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and manage the
 latent tension between accessibility, mobility and quality of life.
 However, in some cases, those policies indirectly foster the localized
 development of cleantech innovations. In this paper, we analyse in-depth
 the mechanisms through which this phenomenon takes place. Combining
 literatures from innovation studies and economic geography, we ground our
 analysis on the experiences of three cities active in GUTP: Curitiba
 (Brazil), G&#xF6;teborg (Sweden) and Hamburg (Germany). We start by
 framing the emergence and development of GUTP within a co-evolutionary
 context. Subsequently, for each case, we decompose the relevance of GUTP
 in providing a mix of incentives to cleantech innovation processes: (i)
 levering technological exploration; (ii) providing room for
 experimentation and testing and (iii) creating ground for exploitation and
 demonstration of new technologies. We illustrate how GUTP can foster rich
 processes of localized learning, but also support local anchoring and
 diffusion of cleantech mobile knowledge. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 375-396 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.651801 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.651801 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ulrich Dewald 
Author-X-Name-First: Ulrich 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dewald 
Author-Name: Bernhard Truffer 
Author-X-Name-First: Bernhard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Truffer 
Title: The Local Sources of Market Formation: Explaining Regional Growth Differentials in German Photovoltaic Markets 
Abstract:
  Sustainable transitions in the energy sector have gained only
 insufficient attention in economic geography so far. Conversely,
 transition scholars do not pay sufficient attention to the spatial
 dimension of these dynamics. This paper introduces a conceptual framework
 for analysing the spatial characteristics of market formation processes in
 emerging technological innovation systems, thus proposing a shared field
 of research for economic geographers and transition scholars. Drawing on a
 social constructivist analysis of market formation processes, we propose
 to differentiate &#x201C;market formation&#x201D; into three sub-processes
 for which we additionally specify spatial characteristics: (1) the
 formation of market segments, (2) market transactions and (3) end-user
 profiles. We apply this conceptual and explanatory framework to explain
 the uneven geography of photovoltaic market formation in Germany, the
 current world market leader in this field. By analysing the role of local
 solar initiatives in shaping and supporting local market formation
 processes, we are able to provide a more encompassing explanation of the
 German PV success story than alternative accounts that merely focus on
 strong incentive structures and favourable geophysical conditions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 397-420 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.651803 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.651803 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mike Hodson 
Author-X-Name-First: Mike 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hodson 
Author-Name: Simon Marvin 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marvin 
Title: Mediating Low-Carbon Urban Transitions? Forms of Organization, Knowledge and Action 
Abstract:
  Increasingly at the scale of cities, strategies and plans to respond to
 the challenges of climate change and constrained resources are being
 developed. A range of climate change plans, low-carbon strategies, peak
 oil preparations and so on have been developed, often with ambitious
 aspirations. At the same time, new and reconstituted
 &#x201C;intermediary&#x201D; organizational forms are working between the
 priorities of these plans and the contexts of their
 &#x201C;application&#x201D;. This is the movement between the
 &#x201C;what&#x201D; of the plans, strategies and preparations and the
 priorities they embody and the &#x201C;how&#x201D; of attempts at their
 accomplishment. Drawing on research in Greater Manchester, in this paper
 we examine the organizational contexts constituted for such a purpose and
 ask fundamental questions about whose priorities are being advocated,
 where and how this is organized and what the implications of this are for
 forms of urban transition. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 421-439 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.651804 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.651804 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. Maassen 
Author-X-Name-First: A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maassen 
Title: Heterogeneity of Lock-In and the Role of Strategic Technological Interventions in Urban Infrastructural Transformations 
Abstract:
  In the context of current interest in &#x201C;low-carbon&#x201D;
 interventions and &#x201C;energy transitions&#x201D;, this paper provides
 a comparative perspective across three European cities (Barcelona, London
 and Paris) on the role of photovoltaics (PV) technology in wider
 transformative processes affecting crucial sites in which the
 &#x201C;sustainability&#x201D; of the built environment is being
 contested: the powering, planning and construction of cities. For
 conceptualizing far-reaching urban infrastructural change processes, the
 combined innovation frameworks of &#x201C;strategic niche
 management&#x201D; (SNM) and the &#x201C;multi-level perspective&#x201D;
 (MLP) on &#x201C;systems in transition&#x201D; offer valuable
 contributions. However, some implicit assumptions of these innovation
 frameworks make them not unproblematic when applied to the urban. This
 paper proposes a way of operationalizing the SNM/MLP for urban transition
 studies, by drawing on contributions from actor-network theory (ANT) and
 ANT-inspired scholarship. From this conceptual engagement, a refined
 understanding of the relationship between technological novelty and the
 existing obduracies, or &#x201C;lock-in&#x201D;, is developed, which
 enables a fuller appreciation of the potential heterogeneity of
 &#x201C;lock-in&#x201D; and the cumulative impacts of different
 actors&#x2019; strategic technological interventions in reconfiguring
 deeply engrained patterns of obduracies in their efforts to promote a
 specific technology; thus providing scope to link the analysis of local
 processes to insights into the more general processes of transforming
 unsustainabilities. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 441-460 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.651807 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.651807 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philipp Sp&#xE4;th 
Author-X-Name-First: Philipp 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sp&#xE4;th 
Author-Name: Harald Rohracher 
Author-X-Name-First: Harald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rohracher 
Title: Local Demonstrations for Global Transitions&#x2014;Dynamics across Governance Levels Fostering Socio-Technical Regime Change Towards Sustainability 
Abstract:
  Which role do spatial dimensions play in the transformation of
 socio-technical regimes, in particular the energy system, towards more
 sustainable configurations? Concepts such as the multi-level perspective
 on socio-technical change have not given sufficient attention to space and
 place so far. We develop our considerations around the case of an
 &#x201C;Energy Region&#x201D; in Austria where people try to bring about a
 substantive shift in their &#x201C;local&#x201D; energy supply structure
 and have the ambition to contribute to a &#x201C;general&#x201D;
 transition towards sustainable energy systems. However, if this ambition
 is to stand the test of reality, what are the mechanisms and processes
 through which regional governance can have a broader impact on the
 transition of the energy system? What are the resources it can draw upon?
 What are the linkages with other governance levels? We investigate in
 detail how one regional showcase for the feasibility of a non-fossil,
 sustainable energy system was set up in Murau, a remote, alpine district
 of Austria. Starting from the multi-level framework for the modelling of
 niche-regime interaction, we put particular emphasis on the formation of
 discourse coalitions and dynamics of multi-level governance. Our findings
 support the view to pay considerably more attention to the interplay of
 local and non-local discourses and the dynamic relations between local
 initiatives and non-local networks which can provide specific
 opportunities for the legitimization and entrenchment of alternative
 socio-technical configurations. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 461-479 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.651800 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.651800 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juho Luukkonen 
Author-X-Name-First: Juho 
Author-X-Name-Last: Luukkonen 
Author-Name: Helka Moilanen 
Author-X-Name-First: Helka 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moilanen 
Title: Territoriality in the Strategies and Practices of the Territorial Cohesion Policy of the European Union: Territorial Challenges in Implementing &#x201C;Soft Planning&#x201D; 
Abstract:
  This article contributes to the discussion about spatial planning in and
 for Europe by discussing territoriality in the strategies and practices of
 the territorial cohesion policy of the European Union (EU). The need for
 new ways of thinking and acting spatially are strongly promoted within the
 EU's spatial development policies, and the addition of territorial
 cohesion as one of the main objectives of the EU alongside the economic
 and social cohesion has brought the debate on European spatial planning
 back onto the political agenda. Territorial cohesion policy advocates the
 idea of soft planning, where new soft planning spaces cross the
 administrative borders within the EU territory. Accordingly, strategic
 planning and development policies at national and regional levels are
 engaged with the policy by promoting soft spatial imaginaries
 characterized by relational understandings of space. The article explores
 through two empirical materials related to the Member States&#x2019;
 definitions about territorial cohesion and the case of the Bothnian Arc,
 whether, and if so, how, the new soft planning spaces are visible in the
 conceptualizations and regional-level practices of territorial cohesion
 policy. The study illustrates that the conceptualizations of territorial
 cohesion and regional practices still lean on traditional understandings
 of territoriality. Clearly, there are mismatches between the soft planning
 visions for single European space and the practical development governed
 through traditional administrative territories. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 481-500 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.651806 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.651806 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carina Listerborn 
Author-X-Name-First: Carina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Listerborn 
Title: Translocal Geographies. Spaces, Places, Connections 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 501-503 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.651805 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.651805 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Svensson 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Svensson 
Author-Name: Magnus Klofsten 
Author-X-Name-First: Magnus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Klofsten 
Author-Name: Henry Etzkowitz 
Author-X-Name-First: Henry 
Author-X-Name-Last: Etzkowitz 
Title: An Entrepreneurial University Strategy for Renewing a Declining Industrial City: The Norrk&#xF6;ping Way 
Abstract:
  Norrk&#xF6;ping, a small urban area formerly dependent upon old
 labour-intensive industries, has developed a knowledge-based renewal
 strategy inspired by ideas emanating from its superseded local economy.
 Using a longitudinal case study, this paper explicates the dynamics of
 change among a triple helix of university, industry and government actors
 that involved building consensus within the city and with its neighbouring
 city of Link&#xF6;ping. The keys to success have been cross-institutional
 entrepreneurship, aggregating regional and national resources to realize a
 unique, locally generated strategy rather than adopting the usual list of
 hot high-tech topics such as information technology, biotechnology or
 alternative energy, and striking a balance between intra-regional
 competition and collaboration in order to achieve common objectives and
 avoid any stasis arising from hyper-competitiveness. This paper utilizes a
 triple-helix &#x201C;spaces&#x201D; framework and makes comparisons with
 other relevant cases to develop a theoretical model of regional renewal
 through the hybridization of old and new industrial and knowledge
 elements. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 505-525 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2010 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.665616 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.665616 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Einar Rasmussen 
Author-X-Name-First: Einar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rasmussen 
Author-Name: Magnus Gulbrandsen 
Author-X-Name-First: Magnus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gulbrandsen 
Title: Government Support Programmes to Promote Academic Entrepreneurship: A Principal--Agent Perspective 
Abstract:
  The commercialization of research has become a key task of universities
 and public research institutions. This development is partly stimulated by
 an increasing number of government support programmes (GSPs) that are
 designed to stimulate academic entrepreneurship. Nevertheless, the role
 that is played by this new type of actor in the innovation system is not
 very well understood. We use a principal--agent theory to guide our
 analysis of a Norwegian GSP. The programme contributes to reducing the
 agency problems of adverse selections and moral hazards in the
 relationships between the government and the actors that are involved in
 the commercialization of research. Key tasks include collecting and
 sharing information, engaging in long-term relationships with principals
 and agents, developing strategies and specific contractual relationships,
 taking higher risks for risk-averse agents and using multiple indicators.
 The programme also plays an institutional role by reducing goal conflicts.
 This approach requires a long-term effort that is generally less visible
 for outside stakeholders, and it is under constant pressure from
 short-term expectations. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 527-546 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2010 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.665035 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.665035 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miika Varis 
Author-X-Name-First: Miika 
Author-X-Name-Last: Varis 
Author-Name: Hannu Littunen 
Author-X-Name-First: Hannu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Littunen 
Title: SMEs and Their Peripheral Innovation Environment: Reflections from a Finnish Case 
Abstract:
  As it has now been widely argued, innovation is ever more seldom the
 product of isolated firms but usually requires a combination of multiple
 technologies, skills and competences, part of which have to be acquired
 from outside the boundaries of the innovating firm. As the literature on
 regional systems of innovation and other territorial innovation models
 suggests, the region is the most appropriate spatial level for
 investigating and understanding the nature of firms&#x2019; external
 knowledge acquisition in their innovation processes, as well as for
 identifying the critical actors and factors contributing to them. Unlike
 the majority of studies focusing on the innovation activities of firms at
 the regional level, this paper focuses not on the actual importance of
 different location factors, but on the perceptions of small- and
 medium-sized firms entrepreneurs of the quality of different factors in
 their regional innovation environment. By identifying differences between
 the perceptions of innovative and less-innovative firms, this study
 contributes to the literature on innovation as a regional-level
 phenomenon, and also tentatively puts forward some managerial and policy
 implications, as well as suggestions for further research. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 547-582 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.665034 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.665034 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rolf Sternberg 
Author-X-Name-First: Rolf 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sternberg 
Title: Do EU Regional Policies Favour Regional Entrepreneurship? Empirical Evidence from Spain and Germany 
Abstract:
  The European Commission in the scope of its cohesion policy tries to
 increase competitiveness of the European Union (EU) regions by supporting,
 beside many other instruments, entrepreneurial activities in the EU
 sub-national regions. This paper sheds an empirical light on the
 relationship between entrepreneurial activities and entrepreneurial
 perceptions on the one hand and the economic performance of regions
 eligible for EU regional policies in Spain and Germany on the other. Based
 on empirical data on the NUTS2 level, there will be analysis of whether
 previous EU support has later had an impact on entrepreneurial activities
 and/or entrepreneurial perception in the regions. The results show
 empirical evidence for a relationship between entrepreneurial activities
 and EU regional policies. However, other determinants such as gender and
 the role model function have an even stronger impact. Some of the results
 may help to increase the effectiveness of EC regional policies and of
 regional policies of the national governments, especially if the
 interdependence of entrepreneurship support policies and proper regional
 policies is considered. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 583-608 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.665030 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.665030 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sven Stremke 
Author-X-Name-First: Sven 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stremke 
Author-Name: Jusuck Koh 
Author-X-Name-First: Jusuck 
Author-X-Name-Last: Koh 
Author-Name: Kees Neven 
Author-X-Name-First: Kees 
Author-X-Name-Last: Neven 
Author-Name: Arjan Boekel 
Author-X-Name-First: Arjan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boekel 
Title: Integrated Visions (Part II): Envisioning Sustainable Energy Landscapes 
Abstract:
  Climate change and resource depletion are driving the transition to
 renewable energy sources. Both the supply of renewables and the demand for
 energy are influenced by the physical environment and therefore concern
 spatial planning and landscape design. Envisioning the long-term
 development of alternative energy landscapes -- that is sustainable energy
 landscapes -- present spatial planners and landscape architects with new
 challenges. The first paper of this two-part series discussed several
 existing approaches to long-term regional planning and landscape design,
 and presented an alternative, five-step approach for the composition of
 integrated visions <italic>[Stremke, S., Kann, F. Van & Koh, J. (2012)
 Integrated Visions (part I): Methodological Framework</italic>, European
 Planning Studies, <italic>[20(2), pp. 305--320]</italic>. This paper
 illustrates how the five-step approach was employed to compose a set of
 integrated visions for the development of sustainable energy landscapes in
 &#xA0;south of the Netherlands. The proposed five-step approach is then
 examined with respect to a set of criteria stressed in the planning and
 design literature. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 609-626 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.665617 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.665617 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrick   Arthur Driscoll 
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick   Arthur 
Author-X-Name-Last: Driscoll 
Author-Name: &#xC1;sdís   Hl&#xF6;kk Theod&#xF3;rsd&#xF3;ttir 
Author-X-Name-First: &#xC1;sdís   Hl&#xF6;kk 
Author-X-Name-Last: Theod&#xF3;rsd&#xF3;ttir 
Author-Name: Tim Richardson 
Author-X-Name-First: Tim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Richardson 
Author-Name: Patience Mguni 
Author-X-Name-First: Patience 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mguni 
Title: Is the Future of Mobility Electric? Learning from Contested Storylines of Sustainable Mobility in Iceland 
Abstract:
  Planning for sustainable mobility is a complex and demanding task and the
 knowledge of how to trade off multiple, often conflicting, goals is not
 entirely clear. One of the most contentious and confounding issues in the
 context of urban planning has been, and continues to be, the place of the
 automobile within the evolving sustainable mobility paradigm. The recent
 emergence of strong policy and planning support for the introduction of
 electric vehicles raises thorny questions as to whether or not this
 development will be complementary to, or conflicting with, other
 sustainable mobility planning goals, such as the pursuit of compact
 cities, restrictions on automobiles, promotion of walking and bicycling,
 and support for public transport. The results of a recent pilot study
 conducted in the Reykjavik city region suggest that a strategy of
 provision for electric vehicles on a large scale may represent a
 continuation of the dominant transport engineering approach, drawing
 scarce financial and institutional resources away from path-breaking
 measures such as the efforts to create denser development patterns and
 promote non-motorized and public forms of transport. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 627-639 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.665036 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.665036 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:20:y:2011:i:4:p:627-639




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Albert Llaus&#xE0;s 
Author-X-Name-First: Albert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Llaus&#xE0;s 
Author-Name: Maggie Roe 
Author-X-Name-First: Maggie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Roe 
Title: Green Infrastructure Planning: Cross-National Analysis between the North East of England (UK) and Catalonia (Spain) 
Abstract:
  As green infrastructure (GI) plans are being developed and implemented in
 a number of regions throughout the UK and interest in the theory and
 methods is emerging in various other countries there is opportunity to
 explore the potentials for GI planning throughout Europe. Using the
 experience of the UK, and particularly that of stakeholders and
 organizations in the North East of England, we analyse the functions and
 benefits that a GI network can provide and, through cross-national
 comparison, we critically theorize the potentials for GI planning in
 Catalonia. While recognizing that there are key differences between these
 regions, particularly in relation to climate, societal characteristics,
 institutional organizations and frameworks for landscape planning, we
 discuss the transferability of the characteristics which appear to be
 provided from GI planning in the UK. We conclude that, overall, the
 implementation of GI planning would be relatively easy to achieve and
 mostly beneficial under a Mediterranean environment. Our conclusions are
 tempered by a recognition that the provision of functions and benefits are
 subject to the influence of the particular organizational characteristics
 and the cultural background of each region, and in particular the
 different impacts that climate change is likely to have. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 641-663 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.665032 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.665032 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hilal   Erku&#x15F; &#xD6;zt&#xFC;rk 
Author-X-Name-First: Hilal   Erku&#x15F; 
Author-X-Name-Last: &#xD6;zt&#xFC;rk 
Author-Name: Pieter Terhorst 
Author-X-Name-First: Pieter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Terhorst 
Title: Variety of Urban Tourism Development Trajectories: Antalya, Amsterdam and Liverpool Compared 
Abstract:
  Savitch and Kantor explain divergent trajectories of urban development
 with the help of four variables, namely, market conditions,
 inter-governmental support, local culture and popular control in their
 theory. In this article, we apply Savitch and Kantor's theory to the urban
 tourism development of Antalya, Amsterdam and Liverpool. The case study is
 partly based on written documents and partly on face-to-face interviews
 with representatives from public, semi-private and private organizations
 of the tourism sector. We found that Savitch and Kantor's theory of urban
 development is only partly helpful in explaining divergent urban tourism
 development trajectories. A centralized unitary state does not necessarily
 lead to a social-centred urban development trajectory but can be just as
 good a pre-condition to a neo-liberal urban development strategy as seen
 in Antalya and Liverpool. And although &#xA0;market conditions are
 favourable, an integrated inter-governmental support, a well-developed
 popular control, and a post-materialist culture have enabled Amsterdam to
 follow a social-centred urban policy, it has unintentionally and
 paradoxically resulted in gentrification and a commodification of heritage
 and culture. A strong social-centred urban policy in a first stage has
 created an urban milieu that has become exploited by gentrifiers and the
 tourism industry in a later stage. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 665-683 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.665037 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.665037 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: María del   Rocio Moreno Enguix 
Author-X-Name-First: María del   Rocio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moreno Enguix 
Author-Name: Juan G&#xF3;mez García 
Author-X-Name-First: Juan 
Author-X-Name-Last: G&#xF3;mez García 
Author-Name: Juan   C&#xE1;ndido G&#xF3;mez Gallego 
Author-X-Name-First: Juan   C&#xE1;ndido 
Author-X-Name-Last: G&#xF3;mez Gallego 
Title: An Impact Analysis of the European Structural Funds on the Variation of the Rate of Employment and Productivity in Objective 1 Regions 
Abstract:
  Regional policies seek to enable regions to increase their
 competitiveness and development, and as such one priority Objective of
 activities financed by Structural Funds is higher employment, higher
 productivity and economic activity. How efficiently the regions apply the
 funds is a fundamental issue for the development and continuity of
 regional policies. We therefore consider that determining the efficiency
 of European regional policies is an issue of high importance, and this is
 the main aim of this study. We have considered it appropriate to use the
 available information to apply a mathematical technique known as Data
 Envelopment Analysis (DEA), which allows us to calculate the technical
 efficiency and inefficiency of the Structural Funds applied in the
 Objective 1 regions for the period 2000--2006. Furthermore, we wish to
 determine if the regions have been more efficient in creasing their levels
 of employment or in increasing productivity. Our study applies this
 methodology along with other methods like regression analysis, profit
 analysis and factorial analysis to determine the variation in the rate of
 unemployment and productivity in these European Regions. The study reveals
 that only eight regions are efficient, although none of them is run in all
 the models. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 685-705 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.665038 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.665038 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ignazio Cabras 
Author-X-Name-First: Ignazio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cabras 
Author-Name: Gail   Cecile Mulvey 
Author-X-Name-First: Gail   Cecile 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mulvey 
Title: Nuclear Economies and Local Supply Chains in Peripheral Areas: The Case of West Cumbria 
Abstract:
  The aim of this paper is to fill the gap in data relating to local supply
 chains in the proximity of nuclear sites by investigating the site of
 Sellafield in West Cumbria, UK. Using information obtained from invoice
 data provided by Sellafield Ltd, the site-licenced company, and from
 primary research, the authors explore the relevance of nuclear procurement
 within the area, by evaluating levels of economic leakage and seepage
 resulting from suppliers&#x2019; subcontracting and work carried out
 locally. The study shows that the presence of a nuclear site has a crucial
 role for the surrounding area and for its economy. The results indicate a
 significant level of financial retention in the area with regard to work
 carried out in-house and local subcontracting at a first tier. In
 particular, the results identify cash flows related to second-tier
 suppliers located in West Cumbria, demonstrating that about a third of the
 total work carried out or subcontracted at the nuclear site stays in the
 area. These findings underline the significant impact of Sellafield on the
 West Cumbria economy and, more generally, provide an overview of the
 importance of nuclear sites for local supply chains in peripheral and
 remote areas. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 707-724 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.665031 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.665031 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Phil Cooke 
Author-X-Name-First: Phil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke 
Title: Portugal in the Era of the Knowledge Society 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 725-727 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.665618 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.665618 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:20:y:2012:i:4:p:725-727




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Simmie 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Simmie 
Title: Path Dependence and New Path Creation in Renewable Energy Technologies 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 729-731 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.667922 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.667922 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Karn&#xF8;e 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Karn&#xF8;e 
Author-Name: Raghu Garud 
Author-X-Name-First: Raghu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Garud 
Title: Path Creation: Co-creation of Heterogeneous Resources in the Emergence of the Danish Wind Turbine Cluster 
Abstract:
  This paper employs path creation as a lens to follow the emergence of the
 Danish wind turbine cluster. Supplier competencies, regulations, user
 preferences and a market for wind power did not pre-exist; all had to
 emerge in a tranformative manner involving multiple actors and artefacts.
 Competencies emerged through processes and mechanisms such as co-creation
 that implicated multiple learning processes. The process was not an
 orderly linear one as emergent contingencies influenced the learning
 processes. An implication is that public policy to catalyse clusters
 cannot be based on an assumption that linear learning dynamics will
 unfold. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 733-752 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.667923 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.667923 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James Simmie 
Author-X-Name-First: James 
Author-X-Name-Last: Simmie 
Title: Path Dependence and New Technological Path Creation in the Danish Wind Power Industry 
Abstract:
  In this paper, it is argued that in order to overcome the limitations of
 canonical path dependence and new path creation theories that arise from
 the different ontological approaches of economics and sociology, a hybrid
 socio-economic theory is required that examines the contributions of
 intelligent agents to the creation of new technological pathways in
 conditions of path dependence. The main aim of such a theory is to explain
 the processes by which agents may collectively contribute to the emergence
 of new technological pathways and overcome the barriers confronting them
 as a result of the evolution of historical forces that establish the
 path-dependent trajectories of contemporary technologies. The arguments
 are illustrated empirically by analysing the roles of inventors and
 innovation pioneers located in economic niches together with the diffusion
 of new technologies to the attainment of critical mass and the creation of
 new pathways. The roles and processes engaged in by such actors, and the
 path-dependent barriers confronting them, are illustrated using the
 historical creation the renewable energy technological pathway in wind
 power in Denmark. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 753-772 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.667924 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.667924 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Raimo Lovio 
Author-X-Name-First: Raimo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lovio 
Author-Name: Paula Kivimaa 
Author-X-Name-First: Paula 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kivimaa 
Title: Comparing Alternative Path Creation Frameworks in the Context of Emerging Biofuel Fields in the Netherlands, Sweden and Finland 
Abstract:
  Several studies on innovation have brought forward different conceptions
 on how innovations and new technological paths are created. Theoretical
 arguments differ regarding the foundational ontologies and the major
 factors influencing path formation. The article aims to compare two
 strands of literature related to new path formation: (1) strategic niche
 management and the related multi-level perspective and (2) technological
 innovation systems. The article examines how these models operate in the
 context of empirical analyses hypothesizing that there may be fewer
 differences in empirical results than in theoretical argumentation and
 that new empirical findings can give a good impetus also for theoretical
 elaborations. Thus, the article compares empirical analyses made in the
 same context, namely the transport biofuel field. The actual development
 of biofuel fields in the Netherlands, Sweden and Finland are also
 compared. Our analysis suggests some areas in which the two theoretical
 frameworks might be developed to take recent empirical observations and
 the spatial dimension better into account. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 773-790 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.667925 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.667925 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J&#xFC;rgen Essletzbichler 
Author-X-Name-First: J&#xFC;rgen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Essletzbichler 
Title: Renewable Energy Technology and Path Creation: A Multi-scalar Approach to Energy Transition in the UK 
Abstract:
  This paper examines the potential contribution of UK regions for
 developing and deploying renewable energy technologies to achieve the
 government target of obtaining 20% of its energy from renewable sources by
 2020. The paper argues for a multi-scalar approach to energy transition
 theory and policy. National-scale processes and policies need to be
 complemented by regional and local policies in order to discover and
 incorporate meso-level sources of renewable energy, recognize that niche
 or path creation is a geographically localized process and mobilize
 heterogeneous, local actors around common &#x201C;regional energy
 visions&#x201D; to improve implementation of renewable energy projects.
 After critically reviewing the main theoretical approach to energy
 transitions, the multi-level perspective, the paper employs patent data to
 describe the comparative position of UK regions in the renewable energy
 sector and examines the success of Danish, German and Spanish regions
 resulting from strong government intervention at the national level
 supplemented by region-specific strategies. A number of policy strengths
 and shortcomings are identified in the evolutionary trajectory of the UK
 energy system including weak technology push and policy pull factors.
 Finally, the paper reviews existing regional renewable energy policy and
 speculates on the potential impact of recent changes in spatial and energy
 policies on the ability to deploy and develop renewable energy sources in
 the UK. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 791-816 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.667926 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.667926 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Cooke 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke 
Title: Transversality and Transition: Green Innovation and New Regional Path Creation 
Abstract:
  Since Paul David first published his economic histories of path-dependent
 innovation, the subject has exerted fascination upon scholars of
 innovation and technological change and, latterly, regional scientists and
 economic geographers. This paper speaks of the third and fourth of these
 communities in the main, though it may have theoretical and empirical
 elements of interest to the first two as well. It begins with an overview
 of recent perspectives and critiques concerning the relevance of the path
 dependence concept to the understanding of regional economic development
 and its associated governance. It then goes on to discuss the contribution
 of evolutionary economic geography to thinking about
 &#x201C;branching&#x201D; from path dependence and the creation of new
 paths. Evidence for key generic spatial processes of path transition is
 provided before the main content of the paper concludes with new insights
 into the contributions of regional innovation policy to path evolution.
 Conclusions are then drawn. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 817-834 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.667927 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.667927 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dirk Fornahl 
Author-X-Name-First: Dirk 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fornahl 
Author-Name: Robert Hassink 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hassink 
Author-Name: Claudia Klaerding 
Author-X-Name-First: Claudia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Klaerding 
Author-Name: Ivo Mossig 
Author-X-Name-First: Ivo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mossig 
Author-Name: Heike Schr&#xF6;der 
Author-X-Name-First: Heike 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schr&#xF6;der 
Title: From the Old Path of Shipbuilding onto the New Path of Offshore Wind Energy? The Case of Northern Germany 
Abstract:
  Wind energy-related employment has been surging recently in Germany: it
 rose from 9200 in 1997 to 90,000 in 2007 and is estimated to be 112,000 in
 2020. The industry particularly emerged in coastal, Northern Germany.
 Recently, big hopes have been particularly set on the offshore wind energy
 industry. Two recently discussed evolutionary concepts explain the
 emergence of new industries, such as wind energy, in space: the windows of
 locational opportunity concept stresses the locational freedom in the
 earliest stages of industrial development, whereas path creation
 emphasizes the role of existing industrial development paths, such as
 shipbuilding, from which new industrial paths, such as wind energy,
 emerge. This paper aims at analysing whether the new industrial path of
 offshore wind energy emerged out of existing paths, mainly shipbuilding,
 in the five states of coastal Germany, namely Bremen, Lower Saxony,
 Hamburg, Schleswig-Holstein and Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. It concludes that
 shipbuilding only indirectly affected the emergence of the new industrial
 development path of the offshore wind energy industry in Northern Germany. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 835-855 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.667928 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.667928 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gregory Theyel 
Author-X-Name-First: Gregory 
Author-X-Name-Last: Theyel 
Title: Spatial Processes of Industry Emergence: US Wind Turbine Manufacturing Industry 
Abstract:
  This research seeks to understand the underlying locational resources and
 dynamics explaining the location and growth of new, environmental
 technology industries. Beginning with the location patterns of the US wind
 turbine manufacturing industry, this research uses demand, supply and
 policy factors to explain how the resources and dynamics of a location
 help shape its future industrial composition. The findings include the
 prominent role of demand factors, including wind power resources, existing
 installed wind power and electricity prices as well as supply factors, but
 the weakness of the influence of governmental policy. This research can
 assist companies, investors and policy-makers understand the spatial
 dynamics of industry emergence in order to better align their strategies
 and policies. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 857-870 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.667929 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.667929 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicholas Howarth 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Howarth 
Title: Clean Energy Technology and the Role of Non-Carbon Price-Based Policy: An Evolutionary Economics Perspective 
Abstract:
  Much academic attention has been paid to the role of carbon pricing in
 developing a market-led response to low-carbon energy innovation. Taking
 an evolutionary economics perspective, this paper makes the case as to why
 price mechanisms alone are insufficient to support new energy technologies
 coming to market. In doing so, we set out the unique investment barriers
 in the clean energy space. For guidance on possible approaches to
 non-carbon price-based policies that seek to tackle these barriers, we
 turn to case studies from Asia, a region which has experienced a strong
 uptake in climate policy in recent years. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 871-891 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.667930 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.667930 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: H&#xF8;gni Kals&#xF8; Hansen 
Author-X-Name-First: H&#xF8;gni Kals&#xF8; 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen 
Title: Key Concepts in Economic Geography 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 893-894 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.667931 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.667931 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Dunford 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dunford 
Author-Name: Diane Perrons 
Author-X-Name-First: Diane 
Author-X-Name-Last: Perrons 
Title: Regional Inequality in the EU: How to Finance Greater Cohesion 
Abstract:
  After outlining the overall scale and evolution of European Union (EU)
 public expenditure, this paper examines the mechanisms driving the
 allocation of Cohesion Policy resources. The analysis reveals the extent
 to which the outcome of the policy's principle- and formula-driven
 allocation mechanisms is modified by precedent and politico-economic
 considerations. In particular it shows that the consequent <italic>per
 capita</italic> final financial allocations (the intensity of aid) are
 greatest not for the poorest areas: up to 84% of EU GDP per head, aid
 increases as income increases. The analysis also emphasizes the on--off
 nature of the EU policy. In the light of these results a series of
 simulations are carried out. Attention is given first to a more
 economically sensitive treatment of transition regions, whose relative
 growth results in shifts from one category to another and to a mechanism
 capable of providing differentiated support to all disadvantaged regional
 economies. Attention is then given to ways of ensuring that final
 allocations are inversely proportional to income, and that most aid is
 concentrated on the most disadvantaged areas (Section 5). In the
 conclusions attention is paid to guidelines which might apply to the
 reform of the EU Cohesion Policy. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 895-922 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.673562 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.673562 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maciej Sme&#xB8;tkowski 
Author-X-Name-First: Maciej 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sme&#xB8;tkowski 
Author-Name: Piotr W&#xF3;jcik 
Author-X-Name-First: Piotr 
Author-X-Name-Last: W&#xF3;jcik 
Title: Regional Convergence in Central and Eastern European Countries: A Multidimensional Approach 
Abstract:
  The paper examines the dynamics of regional income at the NUTS3 level of
 the new EU Member States from Central and Eastern Europe in the years
 1998--2005. The authors apply a wide range of methods and tools including
 classical beta and sigma convergence analysis supplemented by transition
 matrices, kernel density estimations and spatial autocorrelation
 statistics. Results of such a multi-dimensional empirical study reveal
 some previously unrecognized patterns of regional growth in Central and
 Eastern European Countries (CEECs). Well-acknowledged metropolization and
 marginalization processes that cause regional divergence at the national
 scale are accompanied by the following processes. Firstly, at the
 macroregional scale, regional convergence has been observed as a result of
 differences in growth rates between individual countries. Secondly, at the
 national scale, petrification of existing regional structures has been
 prevailing in majority of the countries. Furthermore, weak convergence of
 clubs has been observed separately among the richest metropolitan regions
 and between the group of the poorest regions. In general, the polycentric
 spatial structure of the macroregion has reduced the impact of rapid
 growth of rich capital city-regions on convergence processes.
 Simultaneously, diffusion of development processes had a rather limited
 range and polarization in larger metropolitan regions have been a
 characteristic feature of CEECs. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 923-939 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.673560 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.673560 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roger   Henning Normann 
Author-X-Name-First: Roger   Henning 
Author-X-Name-Last: Normann 
Author-Name: Mikaela Vasstr&#xF6;m 
Author-X-Name-First: Mikaela 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vasstr&#xF6;m 
Title: Municipalities as Governance Network Actors in Rural Communities 
Abstract:
  The concept of rural network governance can include different practices,
 and it is important to gain insight into governance role formation
 processes. The ability of rural municipalities to effectively perform
 their role as &#xA0;governance network actors is significantly influenced
 by municipal organization and norms. Small differences can have big
 consequences and lead municipalities into different types of governance
 network roles. This is important to consider in situations where rural
 communities are facing imbalances and the municipalities increasingly are
 expected to engage in new roles and take more responsibility for local
 development. Effective strategies for using local network structures can
 help rural communities achieve sustainable development. We develop four
 different governance network models and discuss how the municipal
 authorities and citizen groups in two rural communities in Setesdal,
 Norway, perceive the current governance role of the municipality as well
 as their views on how this role ideally should be performed. We conclude
 that explanations for the different strategies relate mainly to norms and
 processes that are endogenous to the communities, which may indicate that
 rural municipalities have a great deal of autonomy in deciding how to use
 local network resources. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 941-960 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.673565 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.673565 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tobias Chilla 
Author-X-Name-First: Tobias 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chilla 
Author-Name: Estelle Evrard 
Author-X-Name-First: Estelle 
Author-X-Name-Last: Evrard 
Author-Name: Christian Schulz 
Author-X-Name-First: Christian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schulz 
Title: On the Territoriality of Cross-Border Cooperation: &#x201C;Institutional Mapping&#x201D; in a Multi-Level Context 
Abstract:
  Territoriality is mostly discussed as the political competence to exert
 control on a certain space, in particular with regard to the nation state.
 Globalization and European Integration have initiated some debate on this
 understanding, but cross-cross-border cooperation has rarely been linked
 to this debate. In these areas enormous political changes have been seen
 during the recent years. Still, the territorial dimension cannot be
 addressed, as territoriality as known from nation states is challenging
 politics. However, the territorial implications are manifold and are
 increasing throughout Europe. Against this backdrop is conceptual
 reflection. This paper starts with a brief overview of discussions and the
 empirical implementation of the territoriality debate. Based on this, the
 paper attempts to catch up with the political changes -- the reflection of
 cross-border territorialities in a two-fold way. The purpose of this paper
 is to contribute to this field.  First, we propose a methodological
 approach to study the essential aspects. We study from a conceptual point
 of view, the dimensions of territoriality in cross-border contexts. These
 are explored as well as the political-juridical background of cross-border
 cooperation. Based on this, a C-B-IM-tool (Cross-Border Institutional
 Mapping) has been introduced, involving three steps: (a) (a1) multi-level
 mapping of cross-border institutions, (b) (a2) mapping of policy arenas
 and (c) (a3) mapping of the political topography in the sense of going
 beyond formalized and codified governance patterns. Secondly, with the
 example of the Greater Region around Luxembourg, the empirical and
 conceptual findings on cross-border territoriality are illustrated. We can
 state an establishing cross-border territoriality that does not replace
 domestic, state-centric territorialities but that inserts new and complex
 elements of a multi-level territoriality system. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 961-980 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.673563 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.673563 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thomas Block 
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Block 
Author-Name: Kristof Steyvers 
Author-X-Name-First: Kristof 
Author-X-Name-Last: Steyvers 
Author-Name: Stijn Oosterlynck 
Author-X-Name-First: Stijn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Oosterlynck 
Author-Name: Herwig Reynaert 
Author-X-Name-First: Herwig 
Author-X-Name-Last: Reynaert 
Author-Name: Filip De Rynck 
Author-X-Name-First: Filip 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Rynck 
Title: When Strategic Plans Fail to Lead. A Complexity Acknowledging Perspective on Decision-Making in Urban Development Projects&#x2014;The Case of Kortrijk (Belgium) 
Abstract:
  Nowadays, cities formulate long-term strategies to address the challenges
 and opportunities they face. Numerous strategic plans or planning
 instruments are developed for this purpose. In this article, we would like
 to examine the role, impact and relevance of these types of plans in
 decision-making processes concerning urban development projects (UDPs) in
 the Flemish Region of Belgium. To what extent do strategic plans succeed
 in capturing and steering the complexity of spatial interventions in
 contemporary urban contexts? We argue that a complexity-acknowledging
 perspective provides a more realistic and adequate view here by seeing
 strategic plans as only one among many elements in the set of tangled
 inter- and intrastrategic processes which together determine UDPs. A
 comparative and qualitative case study was carried out in the city of
 Kortrijk. The decision-making of three UDPs was studied thoroughly.
 Interviewing key actors and analysing policy documents helped us to
 (re)construct the complex decision-making processes and to stipulate the
 meaning of all involved formal plans and planning tools. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 981-997 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2010 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.673561 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.673561 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kristof Van Assche 
Author-X-Name-First: Kristof 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Assche 
Author-Name: Joseph Salukvadze 
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph 
Author-X-Name-Last: Salukvadze 
Author-Name: Martijn Duineveld 
Author-X-Name-First: Martijn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Duineveld 
Title: Speed, Vitality and Innovation in the Reinvention of Georgian Planning Aspects of Integration and Role Formation 
Abstract:
  In this paper, we investigate the influence of speedy reform in a
 transitional country on the reinvention of spatial planning. For the
 country of Georgia, we briefly outline the evolution of the planning
 system since communism, and then analyse through two case studies how the
 specific transitional pathway of Georgia manifests itself in the
 reorganization of spatial governance in city (Tbilisi) and natural areas
 (Borjomi). It is argued that role formation and transformation play a
 crucial role in such processes, roles being catalysts and modifiers of
 further reform. We analyse and argue that the mixed results of reform
 speed and re-centralization of power enable fast change of formal
 institutions but simultaneously raise obstacles for the crystallization of
 roles necessary to implement those formal reforms. Our analysis
 incorporates key concepts derived from institutional economics (in the
 line of Douglass North) and social systems theory, in Niklas Luhmann's
 version.&#x2021;<fn id="FN0001">  -super-&#x2021; This paper is based on a
 presentation at the Woodrow Wilson Center, Washington, DC, in November
 2009. </fn>  
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 999-1015 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.673568 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.673568 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paolo Veneri 
Author-X-Name-First: Paolo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Veneri 
Author-Name: David Burgalassi 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Burgalassi 
Title: Questioning Polycentric Development and its Effects. Issues of Definition and Measurement for the Italian NUTS-2 Regions 
Abstract:
  Polycentric development is a widely used term both in academic research
 and in the normative agenda. However, its theoretical foundations and
 economic implications are still unclear and the concept of polycentricity
 still does not have a shared definition or a shared measurement method.
 The aim of this study is two-fold. First, it defines and measures
 polycentricity at a NUTS-2 regional level, by comparing functional and
 morphological methods. Second, in the light of the role assigned to
 polycentric development in terms of policy, the study investigates the
 relationships between the degree of regional polycentricity and the key
 economic variables of performance, namely, competitiveness, social
 cohesion and environmental sustainability. Our main finding was that
 functional and morphological methods lead to similar results. In addition,
 we find a correlation between polycentricity and a more unequal income
 distribution and a higher level of productivity, especially when
 polycentricity was measured in functional terms. No stable correlations
 were found between polycentricity and measures of environmental
 sustainability, such as land consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1017-1037 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.673566 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.673566 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andy Inch 
Author-X-Name-First: Andy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Inch 
Title: Deconstructing Spatial Planning: Re-interpreting the Articulation of a New Ethos for English Local Planning 
Abstract:
  This article reviews recent debates about the emergence of
 &#x201C;spatial planning&#x201D; as a new ethos for English planning,
 suggesting that continued uncertainty around the term's use is partly
 caused by a failure to consider its emergence as the product of a
 contested political process. Drawing on an interpretive approach to policy
 analysis, the article goes on to show how this new organizing principle is
 a complex articulation of different and potentially contradictory reform
 impulses. The result is to destabilize the concept of spatial planning,
 showing how it has been constructed as an &#x201C;empty signifier&#x201D;,
 an unstable and tension-filled discursive stake in an ongoing politics of
 reform. Finally, it is argued that this has significant implications for
 the ways in which implementation success and failure should be understood
 and for analysis of planning reform initiatives and systems more widely. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1039-1057 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.673564 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.673564 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: José   Antonio Rodríguez Martín 
Author-X-Name-First: José   Antonio Rodríguez 
Author-X-Name-Last: Martín 
Author-Name: María   Del Mar Holgado Molina 
Author-X-Name-First: María   Del Mar Holgado 
Author-X-Name-Last: Molina 
Author-Name: José   Antonio Salinas Fern&#xE1;ndez 
Author-X-Name-First: José   Antonio Salinas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fern&#xE1;ndez 
Title: An Index of Social and Economic Development in the Community's Objective-1 Regions of Countries in Southern Europe 
Abstract:
  In this article we calculate an indicator of social and economic
 development using the DP<sub>2</sub> distance method to measure the
 disparities in Objective-1 regions of southern European countries for
 2006. In addition to per capita income, socio-economic components such as
 health, education, employment, scientific and technological development
 and infrastructure provision have been incorporated into the index. We
 examine the issue of whether the Europe Union regions included in the
 Convergence Objective achieved a lower level of development than the
 regions no longer covered in this objective for the 2007--2013 programming
 period by establishing a territorial classification based on the value
 yielded by the variables of the DP<sub>2</sub>. Our indicator constitutes
 a novel contribution insofar as it was constructed using a large number of
 variables. In essence, we show that not all the regions of the Convergence
 Objective presented a lower level of economic and social development than
 those that lost this consideration between 2007 and 2013 and the opposite. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1059-1074 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.673571 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.673571 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fernando Moliní 
Author-X-Name-First: Fernando 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moliní 
Author-Name: Miguel Salgado 
Author-X-Name-First: Miguel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Salgado 
Title: Sprawl in Spain and Madrid: A Low Starting Point Growing Fast 
Abstract:
  This article comments upon the situation of sprawl in Spain and Madrid,
 especially residential sprawl. It does not appear to be a serious problem
 due to its low starting point, but artificial surface and residential
 sprawl is growing rapidly. For that reason, it may be an issue in the
 future. Between 2000 and 2006, urban residential land use grew 0.4% in
 Spain and 0.2% in Europe per year, land use of industrial and commercial
 areas grew 2.3% in Spain and 0.4% in Europe and total artificial surface
 grew 2.7% in Spain and 0.6% in Europe (EEA, 2010). Further, we will study
 the legislation on maximum and minimum urban density in Spain. The highest
 maximum urban density is established by the Basque Country, with 230
 dwellings per hectare, and the highest minimum urban density is
 established by Catalonia, with 50 dwellings per hectare. In both cases, it
 is applied to only certain types of territories. Finally, we will analyse
 what happens in the Region of Madrid in relation to sprawl. It has very
 similar patterns compared with the rest of Spain, although more
 pronounced. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1075-1092 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.673570 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.673570 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James   Wesley Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: James   Wesley 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Author-Name: Manfred K&#xFC;hn 
Author-X-Name-First: Manfred 
Author-X-Name-Last: K&#xFC;hn 
Title: Urban Change and Urban Development Strategies in Central East Europe: A Selective Assessment of Events Since 1989 
Abstract:
  This introductory article to the present collection outlines a
 comparative research perspective that focuses on processes of
 post&#x2010;socialist urban transformation and strategies of urban
 regeneration in different cities of Central Eastern Europe. In particular,
 urban regeneration will be discussed within the context of
 post&#x2010;socialist urban governance and processes of institutional
 change. This paper consists of three sections. The first deals with trends
 of socio&#x2010;spatial change, including &#x201C;shrinkage&#x201D;,
 socio&#x2010;economic polarization, industrial restructuring and
 simultaneous tends of gentrification and &#x201C;downgrading&#x201D;
 within inner city neighbourhoods. Discussion then follows with an overview
 of urban development challenges associated with these socio&#x2010;spatial
 changes. We will also describe at length conceptual approaches of
 strategic planning as a form of governance that addresses processes of
 urban decline. Critical sources of debate that stem for the experiences of
 West European cities will be summarized and their relevance to East German
 and Central European contexts discussed. The last part of the essay
 provides brief overviews of the six essays featured in this special issue
 of European Planning Studies, indicating how they address questions of
 urban regeneration and the strategic management of urban development
 processes. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1093-1109 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.674345 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.674345 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Krisztina Keresztély 
Author-X-Name-First: Krisztina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Keresztély 
Author-Name: James   W. Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: James   W. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Title: Urban Regeneration in the Post-Socialist Context: Budapest and the Search for a Social Dimension 
Abstract:
  Based on a case study of Budapest, the authors discuss how regeneration
 strategies are being negotiated within post-socialist transformation
 contexts. Post-socialist transformation is in many ways a pronounced case
 of globalization and accommodation to market-driven logics of urban
 development. The example of regeneration strategies in Budapest highlights
 many of the contradictions involved in realizing socially sustainable and
 integrated regeneration strategies in post-socialist countries. Weak
 levels of state intervention, institutional fragmentation and powerful
 market incentives to promote speculative redevelopment tend to hinder the
 emergence of an affective social dimension. At the same time, the case
 studies presented here also provide evidence for incremental processes of
 learning that reflect local socio-spatial realities as well as
 &#x201C;grander&#x201D; designs of urban regeneration. This essay thus
 addresses processes of experimentation that are taking place in Budapest
 within a tense political space characterized by market-driven
 redevelopment, administrative fragmentation, autocratic governing styles
 and new multiactor approaches&#x2014;partly funded by the European
 Union&#x2014;to socially inclusive regeneration. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1111-1134 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.674346 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.674346 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Iwona Sagan 
Author-X-Name-First: Iwona 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sagan 
Author-Name: Maja Grabkowska 
Author-X-Name-First: Maja 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grabkowska 
Title: Urban Regeneration in Gda&#x144;sk, Poland: Local Regimes and Tensions Between Top-Down Strategies and Endogenous Renewal 
Abstract:
  Based on case studies of the Polish city of Gda&#x144;sk, the authors
 &#xA0;identified problems of post-socialist urban governance that hinder
 both the development of strategic, long-term approaches to regeneration as
 well as a reflection of &#x201C;locale&#x201D; in urban-regeneration
 strategies. The paper begins with a description of the demographic,
 economic and political processes negatively affecting the inner city and
 that have given rise to response strategies. Three revitalization case
 studies will be discussed in detail as examples of decidedly top-down
 approaches. At the same time, the authors also draw attention to more
 spontaneous processes of regeneration in the form of in-migration of
 middle-income households to pre-war tenement houses as well as attempts to
 involve local residents in &#x201C;community-building&#x201D; projects.
 More progressive urban policies that improve key local services, such as
 the quality of schools, might support endogenous social-regeneration
 processes even with relatively limited financial resources. Our findings
 suggest that the regeneration (not only) of post-socialist cities requires
 flexible policies and comprehensive approaches that make use of synergies
 emanating from &#x201C;spontaneous&#x201D; processes of revitalization.
 This, however, is contingent upon a gradual change in the
 &#x201C;strategic mindsets&#x201D; of key players. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1135-1154 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.674347 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.674347 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Heike Liebmann 
Author-X-Name-First: Heike 
Author-X-Name-Last: Liebmann 
Author-Name: Thomas Kuder 
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kuder 
Title: Pathways and Strategies of Urban Regeneration&#x2014;Deindustrialized Cities in Eastern Germany 
Abstract:
  Following the collapse of the German Democratic Republic in 1989, many
 cities of Eastern Germany embarked on a long-term process of shrinking,
 characterized by the complex interplay of changes in the demographic,
 socio-economic and urbanistic structure of the cities. Shrinking processes
 can be traced back to the complex interplay of processes associated with
 post-socialist transformation with overall processes of economic
 re-structuring in globalization context. The article begins with an
 overview of research on characteristics of shrinking processes in
 different medium-sized cities of the new federal states. Next, the article
 researches the political responses and the development policies of
 selected cities as a means of managing shifts in basic social, economic
 and investment conditions. The principal focus here is the different
 institutional pathways of regeneration that cities have embarked upon as a
 consequence of &#x201C;shrinkage&#x201D; and the concrete strategies that
 have emerged. As yet, however, no long-term or dominant development paths
 can be discerned in local governance modes and the formulation of new
 regeneration strategies. The regeneration of shrinking cities and the
 associated development of new futures for these cities must be understood
 as part of a long process, in which many paths of development can emerge
 through the long selection process, as each competes for acknowledgement,
 attention and limited financial resources. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1155-1172 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.674348 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.674348 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Annegret Haase 
Author-X-Name-First: Annegret 
Author-X-Name-Last: Haase 
Author-Name: G&#xFC;nter Herfert 
Author-X-Name-First: G&#xFC;nter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Herfert 
Author-Name: Sigrun Kabisch 
Author-X-Name-First: Sigrun 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kabisch 
Author-Name: Annett Steinf&#xFC;hrer 
Author-X-Name-First: Annett 
Author-X-Name-Last: Steinf&#xFC;hrer 
Title: Reurbanizing Leipzig (Germany): Context Conditions and Residential Actors (2000--2007) 
Abstract:
  After many decades of inner-city decline and massive suburbanization
 during the post-socialist transition of the 1990s, in eastern Germany
 there has been recently evolving a new, specific phenomenon: the
 simultaneousness of shrinkage, fading suburbanization and rising
 reurbanization. In this paper, the focus is on processes of
 reurbanization. Starting from a critical debate of conceptual approaches,
 the paper aims to scrutinize whether reurbanization can serve as an
 appropriate explanatory framework for the currently changing patterns of
 spatial development in eastern Germany. Reurbanization is applied to both
 processes on the urban macro-scale and the meso-scale of inner-city
 districts. By using regional, local and small-scale data from municipal
 statistics and questionnaire surveys, reurbanization processes will be
 analysed mainly for the city of Leipzig. In our paper, we argue that there
 is evidence for reurbanization in the sense of the model by van den Berg
 <italic>et al</italic>. (1982) mainly for some bigger cities since 2000.
 It occurs as an increasing in-migration as well as diminishing
 out-migration from the inner city. Taken together, reurbanization
 processes lead to a stabilization of the housing function of the core
 city. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1173-1196 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.674349 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.674349 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giancarlo Cotella 
Author-X-Name-First: Giancarlo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cotella 
Author-Name: Neil Adams 
Author-X-Name-First: Neil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Adams 
Author-Name: Richard   Joseph Nunes 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard   Joseph 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nunes 
Title: Engaging in European Spatial Planning: A Central and Eastern European Perspective on the Territorial Cohesion Debate 
Abstract:
  The following paper sets out to determine the differential extent of the
 engagement of Central and Eastern European (CEE) member states with the
 European spatial planning (ESP) debate over territorial cohesion. It
 focuses on the written statements submitted in response to the European
 Commission &#x201C;Green Paper on Territorial Cohesion&#x201D;
 consultation in 2009. The geographical distribution of the respondents is
 analysed, before CEE member states&#x2019; responses are examined in
 detail, to explore the diverse interpretations of the concept of
 &#x201C;territorial cohesion&#x201D; among CEE actors. While the data
 collection for this paper has been restricted empirically to the
 consultation process, it reflects its findings in consideration of member
 states&#x2019; engagement with the debate as it manifested before and
 after the Green Paper. The debate over the exact conceptual and
 operational &#x201C;framing&#x201D; of territorial cohesion, launched by
 the European Commission's Green Paper, constitutes one of the many arenas
 through which ESP currently evolves, together with the transnational
 initiatives developed in the framework of the European Territorial
 Cooperation objective, the European Observation Network for Territorial
 Development and Cohesion (ESPON) and the process that recently led to the
 publication of the Territorial Agenda of the European Union 2020. The
 paper concludes that the overall level of engagement of CEE actors in ESP
 is proportionally lower in comparison with that of their northwestern
 European counterparts. The increasing involvement of some CEE member
 states within the ESPON 2013 Programme, as well as the activities
 undertaken by the Hungarian and Polish EU Presidencies in 2011, suggests
 that this level of CEE engagement is growing albeit differentially. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1197-1220 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.673567 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.673567 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Turgay   Kerem Koramaz 
Author-X-Name-First: Turgay   Kerem 
Author-X-Name-Last: Koramaz 
Author-Name: Vedia Dokmeci 
Author-X-Name-First: Vedia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dokmeci 
Title: Spatial Determinants of Housing Price Values in Istanbul 
Abstract:
  The aim of this study was to measure the effect of spatial
 characteristics on housing prices and to integrate an interpolation and
 regression model in terms of spatially predicting housing price values. In
 this paper, housing price is investigated by taking into consideration
 distance to city centre, transportation arteries and coasts, in addition
 to housing and neighbourhood characteristics as control variables. This
 investigation is conducted in two stages: firstly by the utilization of
 multiple regression analysis, and then by an interpolation technique which
 is generated to predict the spatial pattern of housing price on a
 continuous surface in order to test the reliability and consistency of the
 regression model. The results reveal that housing prices are significantly
 affected by spatial determinants referred to as the distance variables. By
 conducting a residual analysis from the regression model, housing price
 values are analysed and visualized in a continuous map which is globally
 consistent with the housing markets in Istanbul. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1221-1237 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.673569 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.673569 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katrin   B. Anacker 
Author-X-Name-First: Katrin   B. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Anacker 
Title: Book Review 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1239-1241 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.674344 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.674344 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luciana Lazzeretti 
Author-X-Name-First: Luciana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lazzeretti 
Author-Name: Francesco Capone 
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Capone 
Author-Name: Rafael Boix 
Author-X-Name-First: Rafael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boix 
Title: Reasons for Clustering of Creative Industries in Italy and Spain 
Abstract:
  Creative industries and creative employment tend to concentrate around
 medium and large cities, forming creative local systems. We follow a
 multidisciplinary approach, based on cultural and creative economics,
 evolutionary geography and urban economics, in order to analyse the forces
 behind the clustering of employment in creative industries in a
 comparative analysis of Italy and Spain. The results show different
 patterns of clustering of creative employment in both countries. The
 historical and cultural endowments, the average size of creative
 industries, the size of the place, the productive diversity, and the
 concentration of human capital and creative class have been determined to
 be common factors leading to a concentration of creative firms and
 creative employment in both countries. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1243-1262 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.680585 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.680585 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Blanca de-Miguel-Molina 
Author-X-Name-First: Blanca 
Author-X-Name-Last: de-Miguel-Molina 
Author-Name: Jose-Luis Hervas-Oliver 
Author-X-Name-First: Jose-Luis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hervas-Oliver 
Author-Name: Rafael Boix 
Author-X-Name-First: Rafael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boix 
Author-Name: Maria De-Miguel-Molina 
Author-X-Name-First: Maria 
Author-X-Name-Last: De-Miguel-Molina 
Title: The Importance of Creative Industry Agglomerations in Explaining the Wealth of European Regions 
Abstract:
  This paper examines the existence of regional agglomerations of
 manufacturing, service and creative industries, the relationship between
 these industries and the wealth of regions and their industrial structure.
 Through an analysis of 250 European regions, three important conclusions
 can be inferred from the results obtained in this paper. The first is that
 creative industries play an important role in the wealth of a region. The
 second is that the most creative regions are characterized by having more
 high-tech manufacturing industries than the rest of the regions although
 the number of low-tech manufacturing firms is similar. Lastly, the
 industrial structure of each region has a greater influence on regional
 wealth than the existence of industrial agglomerations. The importance of
 this paper resides in the fact that up until now no analysis has
 demonstrated that creative industries are the most important industries in
 regional wealth. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1263-1280 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.680579 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.680579 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hans   Kjetil Lysg&#xE5;rd 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans   Kjetil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lysg&#xE5;rd 
Title: Creativity, Culture and Urban Strategies: A Fallacy in Cultural Urban Strategies 
Abstract:
  Two fields of knowledge have been of special importance for the emergence
 of culture-led urban planning in Norwegian cities: one concerns the
 understanding of the potential of culture as an economic driving force in
 urban regeneration, while the other focuses on the emergence of the
 concept of the &#x201C;creative class&#x201D; and has drawn attention to
 the importance of competence and creativity in urban development. Despite
 clear connections between the two fields, it may appear that false
 connections have been made in regeneration strategies in a number of
 cities. Based on analyses of the culture-led urban strategy of
 Kristiansand, a small Norwegian city, these knowledge fields are discussed
 and it is claimed that there seems to be a fallacy in how they are treated
 in the culture-led urban strategy. The fallacy concerns the way that
 creativity is equated with culture and further how theories about the
 emergence of the creative class are equated with a culture industry
 approach to urban planning. Questions are raised about the potential of
 culture industry strategies and it is argued that the potential for growth
 in small cities may not be as great as the public debate and research
 conducted in large metropolises might suggest. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1281-1300 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.680581 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.680581 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dilek &#xC7;etindamar 
Author-X-Name-First: Dilek 
Author-X-Name-Last: &#xC7;etindamar 
Author-Name: Ay&#x15F;e G&#xFC;nsel 
Author-X-Name-First: Ay&#x15F;e 
Author-X-Name-Last: G&#xFC;nsel 
Title: Measuring the Creativity of a City: A Proposal and an Application 
Abstract:
  Cities are considered to be the major drivers of the global economy for
 many reasons, including their creative and innovative potential in
 generating sustainable economic growth. Istanbul is one of the global
 cities searching for a long-term growth strategy. This paper starts with a
 modest effort of composing an index to be used in the evaluation of the
 creative potential of cities. Our proposed index, &#x201C;global creative
 index&#x201D;, consists of five main criteria: (1) creativeness, (2)
 innovativeness, (3) intellectual development, (4) global network
 connectivity and (5) world cityness emphasizing multinational corporate
 economy, international division of labour and high intensity of producer
 and financial services. The use of the index is illustrated through the
 comparison of nine cities: Hong Kong, Istanbul, London, Los Angeles,
 Moscow, New York, Shanghai, Singapore and Toronto. The analysis of these
 nine cities shows that Istanbul is building an innovation environment, but
 it still lacks research and development infrastructure, technical support
 and investment in higher education. This comparison offers guidelines for
 policy-makers to sketch the growth of Istanbul along the lines of
 creativity and innovativeness. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1301-1318 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.680583 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.680583 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria-del-Val Segarra-O&#xF1;a 
Author-X-Name-First: Maria-del-Val 
Author-X-Name-Last: Segarra-O&#xF1;a 
Author-Name: Lluís   Gaspar Miret-Pastor 
Author-X-Name-First: Lluís   Gaspar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Miret-Pastor 
Author-Name: Angel Peiro-Signes 
Author-X-Name-First: Angel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Peiro-Signes 
Author-Name: Rohit Verma 
Author-X-Name-First: Rohit 
Author-X-Name-Last: Verma 
Title: The Effects of Localization on Economic Performance: Analysis of Spanish Tourism Clusters 
Abstract:
  The sun, sea and sand model that has characterized the Spanish tourism
 sector and has caused Spain's tourist sector to become a world-class
 industry is actually undergoing drastic changes. This model is based on
 the existence of major tourism destinations characterized by high levels
 of industry specialisation, which makes them a target of analysis as
 tourism clusters in which the geographic concentration of synergies
 reinforces the competitive position. In this study, Spanish tourism
 clusters are identified using quantitative methods and the current
 validity of the economies of location that have made them possible are
 also analysed. Although all the identified clusters can be defined as
 mature and became less significant during the last decade in Spanish
 tourism, according to the results the creation of externalities measured
 in terms of higher generation of profit is higher in companies belonging
 to the tourism clusters than in those outside of them. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1319-1334 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.680586 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.680586 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adelheid Holl 
Author-X-Name-First: Adelheid 
Author-X-Name-Last: Holl 
Author-Name: Rafael Pardo 
Author-X-Name-First: Rafael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pardo 
Author-Name: Ruth Rama 
Author-X-Name-First: Ruth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rama 
Title: Comparing Outsourcing Patterns in Domestic and FDI Manufacturing Plants: Empirical Evidence from Spain 
Abstract:
  To fully understand the local linkages of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI)
 plants, we argue it would be useful to analyze the outsourcing patterns of
 such plants in comparison to domestic plants. Consequently, we examined
 1031 industrial plants, both domestic and foreign, located in Spain. The
 FDI plants show patterns similar to those of domestic plants with regard
 to the level of outsourcing, the incidence of outsourced production on the
 companies&#x2019; total sales and the economic content of outsourcing
 relationships. Further, our results show that levels of embeddedness in
 the local and regional economy of FDI plants are not significantly
 different from domestic plants. However, FDI plants are highly
 concentrated spatially in the largest industrial agglomerations. For such
 plants, Barcelona not only seems a preferred site for location but also
 for contracting manufacturing tasks. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1335-1357 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.680582 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.680582 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel Galland 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Galland 
Title: Understanding the Reorientations and Roles of Spatial Planning: The Case of National Planning Policy in Denmark 
Abstract:
  Spatial planning commonly adopts a diversity of functions and logics in
 contributing to the handling of growth and development. Being influenced
 by an array of contextual driving forces that result in specific
 institutional practices and policy agendas, spatial planning seems to be
 constantly reoriented in terms of its purposes and reasoning. This article
 sets out to explore the diverse orientations and roles that spatial
 planning has assumed in Denmark over a 50-year period. In doing so, the
 article examines the evolution of national planning policy by means of a
 multi-disciplinary framework comprising analytical concepts drawn from
 planning theory, state spatial theory and discourse analysis. Based on an
 in-depth study, the article then attempts to qualify, illustrate and
 synthesize the diverse roles that spatial planning has assumed in Denmark
 throughout that timeframe. The article concludes that spatial planning
 initially assumed a steering role, which has been either supplemented or
 substituted by balancing and/or strategic roles over the course of the
 past two decades. As a whole, this case is thought to contribute to
 current discussions regarding how spatial planning is shaped in different
 parts of Europe. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1359-1392 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.680584 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.680584 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:20:y:2011:i:8:p:1359-1392




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chiara   F. Del Bo 
Author-X-Name-First: Chiara   F. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Del Bo 
Author-Name: Massimo Florio 
Author-X-Name-First: Massimo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Florio 
Title: Infrastructure and Growth in a Spatial Framework: Evidence from the EU regions 
Abstract:
  This paper examines the return to infrastructure in the European Union
 regions in a spatial framework. It innovates on the earlier literature on
 infrastructure and growth by a combination of regional focus,
 disaggregation of infrastructure types and consideration of spatial
 dependence. Different types of infrastructure capital are considered as
 determinants of economic performance at the Nomenclature des Unités
 Territoriales Statistiques level. To account for growth spillovers among
 regions, a spatial Durbin model is estimated. The results confirm the
 important role of infrastructure and identify the highest rates of return
 as associated with telecommunication, quality and accessibility of
 transportation networks, with a positive impact of roads and railways. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1393-1414 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.680587 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.680587 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Cooke 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke 
Title: From Clusters to Platform Policies in Regional Development 
Abstract:
  This short briefing paper addresses the next stage in the evolution of
 regional development policy. It is clear that the cluster idea has held
 sway in this field for some 20 years. By now, practitioners and academics
 are widely sceptical of policy capabilities to create let alone build
 clusters. Recessionary times make this more difficult. Moreover, where
 some recent success can be seen, it is associated with command economies
 such as China where normal market and democratic barriers to large public
 investments in such measures are absent. Nevertheless, clusters exist in
 many places and there is evidence, displayed in this paper, that in some
 regions they have mutated into multi-cluster platforms. Now, as regions
 seek to rebalance, platform policies are evolving and being implemented.
 This paper shows how this is in part a response to &#x201C;Grand
 Challenges&#x201D; and the emergence of &#x201C;challenge-driven&#x201D;
 innovation. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1415-1424 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.680741 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.680741 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrea   I. Frank 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea   I. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Frank 
Title: Metropolitan Governance&#x2014;Different Paths in Contrasting Contexts: Germany and Israel 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1425-1427 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.680743 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.680743 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marina Ranga 
Author-X-Name-First: Marina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ranga 
Author-Name: Henry Etzkowitz 
Author-X-Name-First: Henry 
Author-X-Name-Last: Etzkowitz 
Title: Great Expectations: An Innovation Solution to the Contemporary Economic Crisis 
Abstract:
  The causes and cures of the contemporary economic crisis have been a
 matter of intense debate since 2007--2008, but the persisting signs of
 decline in virtually all economic sectors question the effectiveness of
 the measures adopted so far. Stimulus packages have been the most common
 policy tool for government intervention aimed to revive economic growth,
 but their success is difficult to assess, and is further complicated by
 political considerations and an insufficient time frame to observe
 longer-term results. The cautious approach adopted by many governments,
 focusing mostly on less resource-intensive and austerity policy measures,
 has failed to bring about the expected recovery, and now there is a
 growing call for a bold government intervention to spur economic growth.
 The papers selected for this Special Issue emphasize a number of ideas
 that we believe are essential in promoting an innovation-based solution to
 the economic crisis: (i) targeted and integrated innovation policies are
 an essential complement to the structural and financial adjustments
 proposed so far as solutions to the crisis; (ii) large-scale government
 funding, combined with international donor resources, is needed to secure
 the investment necessary for the growth of new industries with high job
 creation potential, and to encourage private investors to follow suit; and
 (iii) valuable lessons can be drawn from the experience of the past and
 used to inspire policy actions in the present. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1429-1438 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.709059 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.709059 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henry Etzkowitz 
Author-X-Name-First: Henry 
Author-X-Name-Last: Etzkowitz 
Title: An Innovation Strategy to End the Second Great Depression 
Abstract:
  This paper provides insights into a science-based strategy aimed to
 address the Great Depression of the 1930s and examines its relevance to
 policies addressing the contemporary economic crisis. This early
 science-based strategy was not accepted at the national level at the time,
 but was enacted at the regional level in New England and became the basis
 of an innovation response to the Second World War emergency. A few key
 individuals, like Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Karl Compton,
 President, and Vannevar Bush, dean of engineering, led this effort. The
 resulting innovation system, which had a significant triple-helix
 structure, was taken apart after the war, but key elements persisted,
 under a banner of support for basic research, health and military
 innovation, and provided the foundation of the contemporary US innovation
 system. We argue that a dual strategy to address the contemporary economic
 crisis should be pursued, combining Keynesian stimulation of the
 &#x201C;old economy&#x201D; with coherent support to the &#x201C;new
 economy&#x201D; through advanced technology development. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1439-1453 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.709060 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.709060 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mats Benner 
Author-X-Name-First: Mats 
Author-X-Name-Last: Benner 
Title: Innovation Policy in Hard Times: Lessons from the Nordic Countries 
Abstract:
  The current economic crisis has so far mostly triggered short-term
 responses like corporate bailouts and rescue packages for ailing
 industries. This indicates that the crisis has been constructed as an
 event, a &#x201C;great recession&#x201D;, primarily caused by governance
 failures in the financial sector. However, it may also be interpreted as a
 more fundamental crisis of the economic growth model as such, calling for
 a broad-ranged overhaul of policies for economic growth and employment,
 entailing a more pivotal role for innovation policy. This paper analyses
 the preconditions for such radical policy changes. The economic crisis of
 the Finnish and Swedish economies in the early 1990s was countered by a
 three-layered transformation of public policies, comprising macroeconomic
 stringency, renovations of social and employment policies, and massive
 investments in public innovation support. The institutional preconditions
 for such layered policy responses are discussed and some implications for
 contemporary crisis policy are presented. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1455-1468 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2010 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.709061 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.709061 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christiane Gebhardt 
Author-X-Name-First: Christiane 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gebhardt 
Title: The Entrepreneurial State: The German Entrepreneurial Regions&#x2019; Programme as an Attenuator for the Financial Crisis 
Abstract:
  The financial crisis encourages governments to identify innovation
 programmes that had proven successful in contributing to regional
 resilience. In this context, the federal programme <italic>Innovative,
 Regional Growth Core</italic> (<italic>Innovative Regional Growth
 Core</italic>, <italic>IRGC</italic>) developed under the umbrella of the
 <italic>Entrepreneurial Regions Programme Portfolio</italic>
 (<italic>ERP</italic>) (Based on a formative evaluation of the BMBF
 programme &#x201C;IRGC&#x201D; in the context of the ERP and 18 clusters
 in different funding stages (<italic>ex post</italic> funding stage after
 3 years, funded and cluster in the proposal stage) running from 2003 to
 2005. See Gebhardt <italic>et al</italic>. 2005, Endbericht der Evaluation
 des BMBF&#x2014;&#x201C;Innovative Regionale Wachstumskerne&#x201D;
 2003--2005. Report to the BMBF.) of the German Ministry of Education and
 Research (BMBF) deserves new consideration for its contribution to
 regional robustness. IRGC was designed as a crisis recovery tool to jump
 start East German economy after reunification. Since 2001, the programme
 has continuously generated a moderate number of new firms, spin-offs from
 universities and enhanced employment as well as private investments in the
 politically induced clusters, which have also shown a relatively stable
 development even in the economic downturn of the recent financial crisis.
 As a new programmatic feature, the BMBF demands a well-grounded
 market-oriented strategy from the regional consortia aiming at developing
 innovative and economically successful products from science. The German
 innovation programme IRGC illustrates the shift in innovation policy from
 passive funder to active entrepreneur. Through this strategic approach,
 government plays an important role in inducing, encouraging and organizing
 knowledge-based economic development. We discuss how these policies can
 add to the viability and resilience of innovative clusters by encouraging
 them to build up management competences. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1469-1482 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.709062 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.709062 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlos Rodrigues 
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodrigues 
Author-Name: Ana Melo 
Author-X-Name-First: Ana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Melo 
Title: The Triple Helix Model as an Instrument of Local Response to the Economic Crisis 
Abstract:
  In an attempt to overcome the impact of the economic crisis that emerged
 in 2007--2008, the triple helix model (THM) is increasingly being used as
 an inspiration source for local development policy, even though many
 localities and regions have not been able to create and sustain the
 innovation dynamics and sub-dynamics described and prescribed by the
 model. In fact, in less-advanced contexts, an adaptation and
 simplification of the THM to the local conditions and practice is likely
 to occur. Based on semi-structured interviews and direct observation of
 the evolution of a THM-driven local development environment in a
 Portuguese small municipality, the authors claim that when the originally
 complex model is simplified, it seems to be able to mobilize local
 innovation agents, to legitimize policy efforts and to improve coherence
 between different policy strands affecting innovation. Even though
 deprived of its conceptual complexity, the simplified THM may be an
 effective framework for less-advanced economies to promote innovation and
 counteract the effects of the economic crisis. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1483-1496 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.709063 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.709063 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:20:y:2012:i:9:p:1483-1496




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marina Ranga 
Author-X-Name-First: Marina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ranga 
Title: Stimulating R&D and Innovation to Address Romania's Economic Crisis: A Bridge Too Far? 
Abstract:
  This paper discusses the effects of the global crisis on the Romanian
 economy, in general, and the R&D and innovation system, in particular, and
 the set of anti-crisis measures that the government adopted in the attempt
 to contain the damage. Notably absent from the anti-crisis package were
 measures in support of R&D and innovation, a sector that was heavily
 affected by the crisis and that could have had a significant potential to
 contribute to the economic recovery, if supported by adequate policies and
 funding schemes. We argue that, learning from the missed opportunities of
 the recent years, bold and integrated measures in support of R&D and
 innovation need to be adopted in the country in the short to medium term,
 in order to speed up the economic recovery and realize a significant
 national and regional innovation potential that has been largely
 underexploited so far. The &#x201C;creative destruction&#x201D;
 (Schumpeter (1942) <italic>Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy</italic>
 (New York: Harper)) in the R&D and innovation system triggered by the
 crisis could thus catalyse an ample process of creative reconstruction and
 provide an opportunity for renewal and improvement that is too good to
 miss. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1497-1523 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.709145 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.709145 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michele Cincera 
Author-X-Name-First: Michele 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cincera 
Author-Name: Claudio Cozza 
Author-X-Name-First: Claudio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cozza 
Author-Name: Alexander T&#xFC;bke 
Author-X-Name-First: Alexander 
Author-X-Name-Last: T&#xFC;bke 
Author-Name: Peter Voigt 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Voigt 
Title: Doing R&D or Not (in a Crisis), That Is the Question &#x2026; 
Abstract:
  This study investigates how corporate R&D evolves in the light of the
 contemporary economic crisis. We study empirical evidence from past
 downturns, discuss the relevant literature and perform an empirical
 analysis of recent business survey data (collected during 2009). Pivotal
 for our considerations is the question whether companies tend to spend
 more or less on R&D and innovation activities during periods of recession.
 We empirically analyse what general patterns can be distinguished in this
 regard, given the particular circumstances of the most recent crisis. Our
 findings suggest that company behaviour varies: some companies have
 recently reduced their innovation activities significantly, while others
 maintained them and a third group even significantly increased their
 activities to reap the benefits in the expected upswing. Overall, we
 observe a deceleration of R&D and innovation activities induced by the
 crisis, but the trend figures remain positive. Driven by the companies
 that reinforce their R&D and innovation efforts to thrive through the
 downturn and thus seek to gather the benefits in the upswing to come, the
 R&D and innovation landscape is likely to look different in the aftermath
 of the crisis. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1525-1547 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.709064 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.709064 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lisa Van Well 
Author-X-Name-First: Lisa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Well 
Title: Conceptualizing the Logics of Territorial Cohesion 
Abstract:
  This paper explores the multiple conceptualizations of territorial
 cohesion on various levels, and specifically in connection with European
 Union Cohesion Policy instruments. It examines a number of European-wide
 &#x201C;storylines&#x201D; of territorial cohesion, creating a type of
 &#x201C;meta-storyline&#x201D; to show the diversity of ways that the
 concept is seen in Europe. Secondly, the paper examines how territorial
 cohesion is explicitly and implicitly conceptualized in Cohesion Policy
 instruments and asks if there are different logics informing territorial
 cohesion? If so, when in the discourse and storylines does one logic seem
 to take precedence over the other and why? 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1549-1567 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.708021 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.708021 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roman Martin 
Author-X-Name-First: Roman 
Author-X-Name-Last: Martin 
Title: Measuring Knowledge Bases in Swedish Regions 
Abstract:
  Within the literature on innovation systems, there are a growing number
 of scholars emphasizing the importance of differentiated knowledge bases
 underlying innovation activities. The existing work on knowledge bases is
 largely grounded on in-depth case studies; while surprisingly little
 effort has been done so far to operationalize the concept in a more
 systematic manner. In this article, an attempt is made to develop a scheme
 of analysis to identify the knowledge base of a regional economy. We
 suggest using occupation data in association with a location quotient
 analysis, to assess whether a regional economy has a particular strength
 in one (or more) knowledge bases. To bring the analytical scheme into
 practice and assess it, we apply it on the county level in Sweden. The
 results are explained and contrasted with insights into the regional
 economies taken from secondary sources. We conclude that the proposed
 scheme of analysis leads to fairly reliable results, and could stimulate
 further empirical research on differentiated knowledge bases. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1569-1582 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.708022 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.708022 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tuomo Uotila 
Author-X-Name-First: Tuomo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Uotila 
Author-Name: Vesa Harmaakorpi 
Author-X-Name-First: Vesa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harmaakorpi 
Author-Name: Raine Hermans 
Author-X-Name-First: Raine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hermans 
Title: Finnish Mosaic of Regional Innovation System&#x2014;Assessment of Thematic Regional Innovation Platforms Based on Related Variety 
Abstract:
  The emphasis of Finnish innovation policy has very much been on promoting
 actions that can be labelled as science--technology--innovation mode of
 innovation, which is based on the production and use of codified
 scientific and technical knowledge. However, recent research has
 emphasized also the importance of more experienced-based mode of learning
 and innovation, which can be labelled as doing--using--interacting mode of
 innovation. This study is an attempt to shed light on the current
 development phase of Finnish innovation system facing the new paradigm.
 The Finnish innovation system is seen as a mosaic of regional innovation
 systems. The regional innovation systems are analysed through a developed
 framework including elements of theories of innovation systems and cluster
 theories as well as two recent national-level strategy documents. One of
 the main concepts of the study is related variety in regional innovation
 platforms. This study also aims at creating a pragmatic framework for
 describing related variety at the regional level by combining aspects from
 two theoretical frameworks. The empirical data were gathered in a series
 of workshops in all the Finnish regions during the year 2008. The result
 maps Finnish thematic regional innovation platforms fuelled by related
 variety. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1583-1602 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.713331 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.713331 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sverre Herstad 
Author-X-Name-First: Sverre 
Author-X-Name-Last: Herstad 
Author-Name: Thomas Brekke 
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brekke 
Title: Globalization, Modes of Innovation and Regional Knowledge Diffusion Infrastructures 
Abstract:
  Firms increasingly transcend the boundaries of regional innovation
 systems in their search for technology and complementary capabilities, and
 only rarely can they build their knowledge bases on science system output
 alone. Whereas the former decouple firms from regional user--producer
 networks, the latter raises important questions concerning the role of
 local science and education system actors in industrial development. By
 applying the &#x201C;modes of innovation&#x201D; concept on a Norwegian
 region, this paper discusses how science and education institutions can
 respond to the challenges of knowledge base complexity and globalization.
 It concludes that such institutions may play a vital role in supporting
 knowledge-based development, albeit different from that of academic
 knowledge exploration followed by linear technology transfer to industry. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1603-1625 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.713334 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.713334 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Erwin van Tuijl 
Author-X-Name-First: Erwin 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Tuijl 
Author-Name: Luis Carvalho 
Author-X-Name-First: Luis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carvalho 
Author-Name: Willem van Winden 
Author-X-Name-First: Willem 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Winden 
Author-Name: Wouter Jacobs 
Author-X-Name-First: Wouter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jacobs 
Title: Multinational Knowledge Strategies, Policy and the Upgrading Process of Regions: Revisiting the Automotive Industry in Ostrava and Shanghai 
Abstract:
  This paper revisits how and why new multinational knowledge-based
 strategies and multi-level governmental policies influence the upgrading
 process of regions in developing economies. Automotive multinationals
 traditionally exploited local asset conditions, but it is shown that they
 have also been contributing to knowledge-generation systems via
 investments in R&D centres and cooperation with regional knowledge
 producers. We discern three elements of the upgrading process of
 regions&#x2014;upgrading of domestic firms, subsidiary evolution and
 establishment of strategic relations with local knowledge
 institutes&#x2014;to analyse two case studies: Ostrava (Czech Republic)
 and Shanghai (China). The cases show that all types of
 upgrading&#x2014;product, process, chain and functional&#x2014;have taken
 place in the last years, and that follow sourcing may have a positive
 impact on regional upgrading. These observations provide lessons for
 governments in developing economies which aim to strengthen
 innovation-based regional development. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1627-1646 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.713329 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.713329 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jaanus Veemaa 
Author-X-Name-First: Jaanus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Veemaa 
Title: Internationalizing the Spatial Identity of Cross-Border Cooperation 
Abstract:
  The adoption of Schengen Agreement and acceleration of cross-border
 region building among European Union (EU) member states have considerably
 diversified the character of identity policies in European border areas.
 One important outcome is the formation of different spatial identities for
 improving the policies of cross-border cooperation. Using the formation of
 internationalized spatial identity of North European twin cities Haparanda
 (Sweden) and Tornio (Finland) as study example, this article argues that
 the promoters of cross-border cooperation still pay little attention to
 the strategic planning and coordination of identity policies. As a result,
 the promotion of an international spatial identity of cross-border
 cooperation remains unbalanced failing adequately to support the aims of
 cooperation policies. The ineffective integration between cooperation
 policies and international identity of cooperation complicates the
 building of competitive and dynamic cross-border regions in the EU
 peripheral areas as well as responding to challenges of EU's territorial
 cohesion. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1647-1666 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.713335 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.713335 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert B&#xFC;gl 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: B&#xFC;gl 
Author-Name: Michael Stauffacher 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stauffacher 
Author-Name: Ulrich Kriese 
Author-X-Name-First: Ulrich 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kriese 
Author-Name: Daniel   Lehmann Pollheimer 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel   Lehmann 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pollheimer 
Author-Name: Roland   W. Scholz 
Author-X-Name-First: Roland   W. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scholz 
Title: Identifying Stakeholders' Views on Sustainable Urban Transition: Desirability, Utility and Probability Assessments of Scenarios 
Abstract:
  The assessment of different urban planning scenarios by stakeholders can
 yield important insights which, in turn, inform sustainable urban
 transition. Yet to gain in-depth insight, this assessment needs to be
 multi-faceted and should go beyond a unidimensional &#x201C;most/least
 desired&#x201D; approach. Accordingly, we use indicators that distinguish
 between desirability, utility and probability assessments. We compare
 these assessments within and between various stakeholder groups based on a
 set of literature-based hypotheses. We constructed six planning scenarios,
 systematically varied with respect to sustainability for the case study,
 &#x201C;Erlenmatt&#x201D;, a major urban redevelopment area in
 Switzerland. Three stakeholder groups (housing suppliers, the non-profit &
 public sector and housing target groups,
 <italic>n</italic>&#x2009;=&#x2009;80) were investigated. The results of
 the statistical analyses suggest that more sustainable scenarios are
 preferred with respect to both their desirability and utility and that
 their probability is not lower than that of the other scenarios. The
 non-profit & public sector is the most pessimistic about the probability
 of a sustainable district while housing suppliers desire it less. We
 conclude that such detailed subjective scenario assessments can provide
 informative and detailed guidance for sustainable urban transition. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1667-1687 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.713332 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.713332 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kristian Olesen 
Author-X-Name-First: Kristian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Olesen 
Author-Name: Tim Richardson 
Author-X-Name-First: Tim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Richardson 
Title: Strategic Planning in Transition: Contested Rationalities and Spatial Logics in Twenty-First Century Danish Planning Experiments 
Abstract:
  In this article, we analyse how contested transitions in planning
 rationalities and spatial logics have shaped the processes and outputs of
 recent episodes of Danish &#x201C;strategic spatial planning&#x201D;. The
 practice of &#x201C;strategic spatial planning&#x201D; in Denmark has
 undergone a concerted reorientation in the recent years as a consequence
 of an emerging neoliberal agenda promoting a growth-oriented planning
 approach emphasizing a new spatial logic of growth centres in the major
 cities and urban regions. The analysis, of the three planning episodes, at
 different subnational scales, highlights how this new style of
 &#x201C;strategic spatial planning&#x201D; with its associated spatial
 logics is continuously challenged by a persistent regulatory, top-down
 rationality of &#x201C;strategic spatial planning&#x201D;, rooted in
 spatial Keynesianism, which has long characterized the Danish approach.
 The findings reveal the emergence of a particularly Danish approach,
 retaining strong regulatory aspects. However this approach does not sit
 easily within the current neoliberal political climate, raising concerns
 of an emerging crisis of &#x201C;strategic spatial planning&#x201D;. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1689-1706 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.713333 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.713333 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miodrag Vujo&#x161;evi&#x107; 
Author-X-Name-First: Miodrag 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vujo&#x161;evi&#x107; 
Author-Name: Slavka Zekovi&#x107; 
Author-X-Name-First: Slavka 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zekovi&#x107; 
Author-Name: Tamara Mari&#x10D;i&#x107; 
Author-X-Name-First: Tamara 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mari&#x10D;i&#x107; 
Title: Post-Socialist Transition in Serbia and Its Unsustainable Path 
Abstract:
  Since the beginning of its post-socialist transition, Serbia has been
 going through a major political and economic crisis, thus isolated from
 the mainstream trends of the European integration and convergence. The
 country's comparative advantages and competitiveness have worsened in
 terms of two key aspects, that is, its structural qualities and its
 territorial capital. The economic recovery after the year 2000 assumed a
 form of &#x201C;growth without development&#x201D;, mostly based on poorly
 legitimized transition reforms, whereby Serbia's inherent unsustainable
 spatial development patterns have been perpetuated. Today, Serbia finds
 itself in the position of an economic, ecological and financial
 semi-colony of a few powerful international political, economic and
 financial actors, paralleled by the collapse of its strategic thinking,
 research and governance. Rather bleak development prospects for Serbia
 call for prompt further research on predictable development scenarios.
 Therefore, we have discussed the key issues in the current planning system
 and practice and analysed the basic elements of the prospective future
 using the scenario approach. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1707-1727 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.713330 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.713330 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sini&#x161;a Trkulja 
Author-X-Name-First: Sini&#x161;a 
Author-X-Name-Last: Trkulja 
Author-Name: Branka To&#x161;i&#x106; 
Author-X-Name-First: Branka 
Author-X-Name-Last: To&#x161;i&#x106; 
Author-Name: Zora &#x17D;ivanovi&#x107; 
Author-X-Name-First: Zora 
Author-X-Name-Last: &#x17D;ivanovi&#x107; 
Title: Serbian Spatial Planning among Styles of Spatial Planning in Europe 
Abstract:
  The classification of spatial planning styles in Europe has been
 successively reviewed a few times. Most recently, it has been done in the
 framework of the European Spatial Planning Observatories Network (ESPON)
 2.3.2 project dealing with the territorial governance. Based on national
 overviews for 29 European countries, this project uses the classification
 of spatial planning systems in four styles: comprehensive-integrated,
 regional-economic, land-use and urbanism. This study did not take into
 account the spatial planning system in Serbia since it is neither in the
 European Union nor a member of the ESPON similar to Norway and
 Switzerland. This article uses the form of national overviews elaborated
 for the ESPON project and puts Serbia in a comparative spatial planning
 perspective, classifying it between the comprehensive-integrated and
 land-use planning styles. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1729-1746 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.713327 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.713327 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thilo Lang 
Author-X-Name-First: Thilo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lang 
Title: Shrinkage, Metropolization and Peripheralization in East Germany 
Abstract:
  Since around 2000, there has been extensive research on questions
 regarding shrinkage and urban renewal in Germany after a task force report
 revealed approximately 1.4 million vacant flats in East Germany. Since
 then, most towns and cities have been labelled &#x201C;shrinking
 cities&#x201D; there. While from a planning perspective urban decline and
 also shrinking cities are widely studied phenomena throughout the
 industrialized world and a substantial literature exists on the phenomenon
 in Germany, the impact of political debates and normative considerations
 is under-researched. This paper highlights the role of
 political--normative ideas of metropolization and societal relations
 within this complex core--periphery process, elaborating on the concept of
 peripheralization and calling for further research. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1747-1754 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.713336 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.713336 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Phil Cooke 
Author-X-Name-First: Phil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke 
Title: China's Specialized Markets 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1755-1756 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.724205 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.724205 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henrik Halkier 
Author-X-Name-First: Henrik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Halkier 
Author-Name: Laura James 
Author-X-Name-First: Laura 
Author-X-Name-Last: James 
Author-Name: Margareta Dahlstr&#xF6;m 
Author-X-Name-First: Margareta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dahlstr&#xF6;m 
Author-Name: Jesper Manniche 
Author-X-Name-First: Jesper 
Author-X-Name-Last: Manniche 
Title: Knowledge Dynamics, Regions and Public Policy 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1759-1766 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.723419 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.723419 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henrik Halkier 
Author-X-Name-First: Henrik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Halkier 
Title: Knowledge Dynamics and Policies for Regional Development: Towards a New Governance Paradigm 
Abstract:
  If regional policies are to make a difference, they must address the
 underlying issues that propel growth in successful regions and hamper
 development in others. This implies that in the wake of structural changes
 like the ongoing change from an industrial towards a knowledge-economy
 paradigm, policies for regional economic development must be reconsidered.
 This article reviews the development of new forms of regional policy in
 the context of the governance challenges created by the emergence of new
 knowledge dynamics. Having outlined a conceptual framework and reviewed
 the literature on the transformation of regional policy in Europe, the
 article explores current policy patterns in European regions, combining
 the results of a survey of the policies regional development bodies in
 European regions, and the findings about the impact of public policies on
 the basis of an extensive series of in-depth case studies of economic
 change processes in firms and regions. It is concluded that although
 important changes have taken place with regard to adopting policies to
 emerging processes in the knowledge economy, further adjustments may be
 called for in order for localities to fully benefit from new knowledge
 dynamics in an increasingly global era. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1767-1784 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.723420 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.723420 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lise   Smed Olsen 
Author-X-Name-First: Lise   Smed 
Author-X-Name-Last: Olsen 
Title: Territorial Knowledge Dynamics: Making a Difference to Territorial Innovation Models and Public Policy? 
Abstract:
  The concept of territorial knowledge dynamics (TKDs) has been introduced
 as an update to existing territorial innovation models (TIMs), questioning
 the focus of TIMs on technological innovation, as well as the traditional
 distinction between production and consumption. This paper considers
 whether the TKD concept can &#x201C;make a difference&#x201D; compared to
 traditional TIMs, in general, and, in particular, in relation to public
 policy played out at the regional level. This paper identifies three
 elements highlighted in the TKD concept, which have been introduced as
 additions to the literature on TIMs. These involve the necessity of
 acquiring a combination of different types of knowledge in innovation
 processes, establishing external relations and taking into consideration
 the complexity of producer and consumer relations. This paper analyses the
 role which has been assigned to the administrative region within the
 framework of three selected TIMs, the regional innovation system, clusters
 and the learning region, and the way in which policy has been implemented
 in regions in ways that relate to the three elements highlighted in the
 TKD concept. This paper suggests that the main way in which the TKD
 concept adds to existing TIMs is with its focus on active regional
 outreach, in establishing external relations and supporting
 producer--consumer relations. The TKD approach could be seen as a new
 &#x201C;intermediate synthesis&#x201D; in the ongoing process of the TIM
 concept development, much like the learning regions a decade earlier. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1785-1801 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.723421 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.723421 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laura James 
Author-X-Name-First: Laura 
Author-X-Name-Last: James 
Title: Education and Skills Policy for the Knowledge Economy: Insights from Territorial Innovation Models and Territorial Knowledge Dynamics 
Abstract:
  This article explores the conceptualizations of learning that underpin
 conventional education and skills policy for the knowledge economy and
 those which underpin territorial innovation models (TIMs) and the
 territorial knowledge dynamics (TKD) approach. The TIM literature has been
 very influential in the area of regional development policy and frequently
 discusses concepts such as learning, knowledge creation and skills or
 competencies. Despite this, it has had little impact on skills and
 education policy-making in the UK or elsewhere in Europe. This article
 uses the UK as a case study and explores the implications of TIMs and TKD
 for national education and skills policies in the context of the knowledge
 economy. In conventional skills policy, learning for the knowledge economy
 has been conceptualized primarily as individuals acquiring credentialized
 knowledge or skills through formal education and training, which are then
 transferred into the economy as they move through the labour market. This
 article argues that TIMs offer a quite different perspective on learning
 for the knowledge economy, which focuses on the relationship between
 firms, regions and institutions. More recently, the notion of TKD has been
 developed, particularly through the FP6 EURODITE project, and represents
 the extension and update to the TIM literature. This article argues that
 the TKD concept has important implications for the development of
 appropriate education and skills policies for the knowledge economy in
 European countries. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1803-1821 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.723422 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.723422 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jesper Manniche 
Author-X-Name-First: Jesper 
Author-X-Name-Last: Manniche 
Title: Combinatorial Knowledge Dynamics: On the Usefulness of the Differentiated Knowledge Bases Model 
Abstract:
  On the basis of existing literature and newly collected empirical
 evidence this article discusses the theoretical, empirical, research
 methodological and policy implications of a recently introduced knowledge
 taxonomy, the so-called Differentiated Knowledge Bases model (Asheim
 <italic>et al</italic>., 2011), which distinguishes between three
 epistemologically different approaches that are summarized in the notions
 of analytical (theoretically understanding), synthetic (instrumentally
 solving problems) and symbolic (culturally creating meanings). The article
 suggests that these differentiated knowledge bases, though ideal-typical
 constructs, seem applicable to micro-level, intra- or inter-organizational
 modes and communities of learning involved in firm innovation but that
 firms and meso- and macro-level social systems (sectors, clusters,
 regions, etc.) rarely rely on one single knowledge base but coordinate its
 actions in more learning modes and communities. The potentials for
 innovation research of this particular knowledge taxonomy are mainly
 connected with its integrative and wide perspective on the identification
 of the types of knowledge, modes of learning and institutional contexts
 that are relevant for firm innovation and regional economic development
 and that exceed the sectoral divides and production bias often
 characterizing innovation research. For innovation policy, this
 integrative perspective may provide new opportunities for encouraging the
 development, diffusion and use of economically valuable knowledge of
 different kinds and from varying societal spheres in ways that truly break
 with one-size-fits-all policies. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1823-1841 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.723423 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.723423 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simone Strambach 
Author-X-Name-First: Simone 
Author-X-Name-Last: Strambach 
Author-Name: Benjamin Klement 
Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Klement 
Title: Cumulative and Combinatorial Micro-dynamics of Knowledge: The Role of Space and Place in Knowledge Integration 
Abstract:
  The changing nature of innovation processes is a significant feature of
 the global structural transformation towards knowledge economies. Much
 more than in the past, innovation processes require the integration of
 highly specialized knowledge bases distributed over heterogeneous actors.
 Hence, we claim that there is a hidden qualitative shift in knowledge
 dynamics towards combinatorial knowledge. The geography of these knowledge
 dynamics on the micro-level is at the centre of this article. It explores
 the ways in which space and place shape cumulative and combinatorial
 knowledge dynamics by proximity economies and the institutional
 embeddedness of actors and in turn reshape territory and territorial
 configurations of actors. Knowing more about these interrelations may
 provide an improved basis for regional policy-making regarding the reform
 of established institutions and practices. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1843-1866 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.723424 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.723424 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Margareta Dahlstr&#xF6;m 
Author-X-Name-First: Margareta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dahlstr&#xF6;m 
Author-Name: Laura James 
Author-X-Name-First: Laura 
Author-X-Name-Last: James 
Title: Regional Policies for Knowledge Anchoring in European Regions 
Abstract:
  The design of regional policy tools for supporting economic development
 in the knowledge economy requires an understanding of the links between
 extra- and intra-regional knowledge interactions. In this paper, we argue
 that policymakers must shift from focusing primarily on the development of
 regionalized relationships and institutions, in which knowledge is
 &#x201C;embedded&#x201D;, to a more outward looking approach. We develop
 the idea of <italic>knowledge anchoring</italic> which refers to the many
 ways in which firms (and other actors) incorporate new knowledge into
 regional economies through interactions and relations that include actors
 who are located close by as well as at a distance. In this way, knowledge
 may be &#x201C;anchored&#x201D; territorially because it has become part
 of the routines and activities of many firms in a particular region.
 Whilst individual firms are concerned to access extra-regional knowledge
 and secure it within their own organizations, policymakers are concerned
 with wider knowledge anchoring to tie knowledge into a regional economy.
 The paper explores the ways in which existing regional policy supports
 extra-regional knowledge interactions and the subsequent recirculation of
 knowledge. We suggest that the key features of knowledge anchoring as a
 policy concept are that it is flexible with regard to the nature and scale
 of knowledge interactions, and that it focuses on the linking of extra-
 and intra-regional relations via the combination and
 &#x201C;stretching-out&#x201D; of knowledge interactions across time and
 space. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1867-1887 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.723425 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.723425 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Cooke 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke 
Title: Relatedness, Transversality and Public Policy in Innovative Regions 
Abstract:
  The aims of this paper are to reflect on policy evolution observed in the
 EURODITE study regions, to identify the most innovative policy
 trajectories for delivering growth opportunities to regional firms and to
 explain this in terms of key theoretical findings about the virtuous
 policy cycles that arise from geographical proximity, co-evolution, path
 inter-dependence, relatedness and transversality. Accordingly, the paper
 involves, first, assessing the role of varieties of
 &#x201C;proximity&#x201D; in the formation of spatial distinctiveness.
 Second it investigates the appropriateness or otherwise of notions of
 &#x201C;path dependence&#x201D; to understanding spatial co-evolution.
 This leads to insights about &#x201C;relatedness&#x201D; in the
 interaction of path dependences, or more accurately path inter-dependence
 in evolving spatial processes, notably interactions between regional
 innovation paradigms and regimes in explaining regional variety. This
 allows eventual conjecture regarding the evidence for &#x201C;regional
 regime variety&#x201D; based on appropriately selected EURODITE regions
 (Bavaria, Midi-Pyrénées, Sk&#xE5;ne, Styria) both as an advanced
 &#x201C;platform&#x201D; model of regional evolution and as a fundamental
 process that blocks regional homogenization. This would explain how
 regional culture influences policy to maintain regional specificities
 under forces like globalization and &#x201C;digital culture&#x201D; that
 are purported to be erosive of regional distinctiveness. Strong empirical
 evidence is adduced for co-evolutionary and multi-level spatial
 distinctiveness in paradigms and regimes that condition contemporary
 innovation knowledge flows. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1889-1907 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.723426 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.723426 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Inessa Laur 
Author-X-Name-First: Inessa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Laur 
Author-Name: Magnus Klofsten 
Author-X-Name-First: Magnus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Klofsten 
Author-Name: Dzamila Bienkowska 
Author-X-Name-First: Dzamila 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bienkowska 
Title: Catching Regional Development Dreams: A Study of Cluster Initiatives as Intermediaries 
Abstract:
  This article focuses on actors and activities of cluster initiatives
 which are intermediaries within clusters of similar and related firms. A
 case study method is used; the cases show that their success and longevity
 depend to a large extent on their actors sharing a common vision. It is
 proposed that actors involved in cluster initiatives can be categorized
 according to a typology consisting of key players, target and support
 groups. Managing cluster initiatives requires striking a balance between
 well-developed and anchored targeted activities and experimental
 activities exploring future needs. This requires some openness and
 flexibility within the shared vision. Cluster initiatives can therefore be
 viewed as dream-catchers that rather than control and govern the clusters
 perform a more subtle role of gathering and visualizing potential
 opportunities in regional contexts and articulating and realizing them
 through an entrepreneurial process. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1909-1921 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.725161 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.725161 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Brian Simpson 
Author-X-Name-First: Brian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Simpson 
Title: The Imaginative Institution: Planning and Governance in Madrid 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1923-1924 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2012 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.724204 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.724204 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mika Kautonen 
Author-X-Name-First: Mika 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kautonen 
Title: Balancing Competitiveness and Cohesion in Regional Innovation Policy: The Case of Finland 
Abstract:
  This article sheds light on the relationship and tension between
 competitiveness and cohesion as undercurrents and continuous causes of
 controversies in the regional innovation policy. The in-built problems in
 regional innovation policy that emerge because this policy is essentially
 a synthesis of different policies with different rationales are
 contemplated. Empirically, this article outlines the main phases of
 evolution and drivers of development in the Finnish regional innovation
 policy. It also discusses the recent developments from the perspective of
 regional (and national) competitiveness and cohesion nexus. These
 empirical outlines are then used to feed the views back into the
 discussion on a more theoretical level. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1925-1943 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.737991 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.737991 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Helen McGuirk 
Author-X-Name-First: Helen 
Author-X-Name-Last: McGuirk 
Author-Name: Declan Jordan 
Author-X-Name-First: Declan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jordan 
Title: Local Labour Market Diversity and Business Innovation: Evidence from Irish Manufacturing Businesses 
Abstract:
  This paper estimates the effect of diversity within local labour markets
 on business-level innovation. Using survey data and Irish census data, the
 paper explores whether the diversity of human capital at county level is
 associated with higher innovation output. Diversity in age, nationality
 and educational attainment is measured using an index of heterogeneity and
 its effect on business innovation is estimated using an innovation
 production function approach. It is found that diversity in nationality
 and educational attainment is positively associated with the probability
 of a business product innovating. The findings also suggest that greater
 external labour market diversity and greater levels of internal
 third-level education may be substitutes. Where a business is in a diverse
 location, it may not require higher levels of educational attainment among
 its workforce to source knowledge for product innovation. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1945-1960 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722918 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722918 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Filippo Randelli 
Author-X-Name-First: Filippo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Randelli 
Author-Name: Ron Boschma 
Author-X-Name-First: Ron 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boschma 
Title: Dynamics of Industrial Districts and Business Groups: The Case of the Marche Region 
Abstract:
  Italian industrial districts are undergoing fundamental changes due to
 globalization. Taking a firm perspective, we argue that the analysis of
 firm strategies, in particular the rise of business groups, is key to
 understand the organizational adjustments industrial districts have
 recently gone through. Due to the typical family structure of industrial
 district firms in the Marche region, as in other fragmented Italian
 districts, the organizational form adopted by firms to manage growth is
 that of the business group. We evaluate the empirical relevance of
 business groups in the Marche region, and we describe different transition
 strategies that turned firms into business groups. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1961-1974 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.665040 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.665040 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carla De Laurentis 
Author-X-Name-First: Carla 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Laurentis 
Title: Renewable Energy Innovation and Governance in Wales: A Regional Innovation System Approach 
Abstract:
  This paper draws on research commissioned to investigate the regional
 innovation system of Wales on green innovation, focusing on the renewable
 energy sub-sectors of wind, solar and biomass. It shows how many
 innovative firms operate within regional networks, cooperating and
 interacting not only with other firms such as suppliers, customers and
 competitors, but also with research and technology resource organizations,
 innovation support agencies, venture capital funds, and local and regional
 government bodies. The paper argues that within the region there is the
 presence of various renewable energy production platforms, usually based
 on core technologies (wind, solar, biomass, marine, etc.) at different
 levels of development. They involve a mix of established energy utilities
 and new sustainable energy businesses that are positioned at different
 levels within the renewable energy supply chain. The research shows that
 the regional government is playing an important role in supporting the
 renewable energy industry; nevertheless, more needs to be done to
 facilitate planning control, provide skills and create new demands for
 renewable energy that will further foster business growth and further
 strengthen the existing manufacturing base and innovation in Wales. The
 paper identifies some weaknesses in the Welsh energy innovation system,
 not least that energy is not a devolved responsibility and it argues that
 there is some scope for the Welsh Assembly Government to further
 investigate gaps within the green innovation supply chain and act on
 strengthening regional capabilities within the industry but also to
 support and investigate further opportunities for inward investment. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1975-1996 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.665041 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.665041 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shuhai Zhang 
Author-X-Name-First: Shuhai 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang 
Author-Name: Gert De Roo 
Author-X-Name-First: Gert 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Roo 
Author-Name: Bin Lu 
Author-X-Name-First: Bin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lu 
Title: China: What About the Urban Revolution? Rapid Transformations in Chinese Planning and Its Links with a Slowly Emerging European Planning Theory 
Abstract:
  This new global financial crisis has required us to recognize how closely
 and deeply different regions and countries around the world are connected
 and how they interact with each other. In this interconnected context,
 planning theory and experiences also become fluid rather than being
 confined within certain boundaries. This paper explores the links between
 Chinese planning and European (or &#x201C;Western&#x201D;-oriented)
 spatial planning by critically analysing the development of Chinese
 planning. In China, modern European planning theories have been under
 discussion and partly in practice for years. Indeed, they have been
 playing an important role over the past 30 years in, for example, urban
 growth management, land-use regulation and environmental protection, and
 also in helping achieve sustainable development. However, the evolution of
 Chinese planning, now in a highly dynamic phase, has distinguished itself
 from that of European planning by adopting a highly rational, coordinated
 and top-down approach. This paper argues that there are several reasons
 for this. However, beyond this mere observation, there are a wide range of
 possibilities to be considered and reflected on with respect to these two
 different trajectories of planning development, which could enhance
 planning theory and practice. In other words, there are lessons to be
 learnt in comparing contemporary Chinese and European planning. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1997-2011 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.665039 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.665039 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen Jay 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jay 
Author-Name: Thomas Klenke 
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Klenke 
Author-Name: Frank Ahlhorn 
Author-X-Name-First: Frank 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahlhorn 
Author-Name: Heather Ritchie 
Author-X-Name-First: Heather 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ritchie 
Title: Early European Experience in Marine Spatial Planning: Planning the German Exclusive Economic Zone 
Abstract:
  Marine spatial planning is emerging as an integrated, resource
 management-led approach to governing the use of the seas. Recent
 initiatives include those of some north European countries, including
 Germany, which has now completed a plan for its federal offshore
 territory. In this article, an analysis is presented of this pioneering
 plan and the consultation process behind its production, with a particular
 emphasis on the treatment of different sectoral interests around which the
 plan was structured. This revealed the attempts to coordinate not only the
 different demands at sea by means of allocation of areas and
 cross-sectoral considerations, but also the uneven representation of
 activities with certain interests gaining strongly and others effectively
 marginalized. This study provides early empirical evidence of the tensions
 involved in the attempt to adopt a spatial approach to marine governance.
 This new domain for planning is situated in the overlapping, but distinct
 domains of marine management and spatial planning. The conceptual
 backgrounds of both are drawn upon in assessing the strengths and
 weaknesses of the plan and in suggesting how marine plans might gain by
 giving close attention to the broader principles of marine and strategic
 planning. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2013-2031 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722915 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722915 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John   Paul McCarthy 
Author-X-Name-First: John   Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: McCarthy 
Author-Name: Arie Romein 
Author-X-Name-First: Arie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Romein 
Title: Cruise Passenger Terminals, Spatial Planning and Regeneration: The Cases of Amsterdam and Rotterdam 
Abstract:
  Recent growth in the cruise tourism industry has been accompanied by the
 development of new cruise passenger terminals in many port cities, in part
 to assist aims for spatial planning and urban regeneration. Such terminals
 can bring specific benefits but also problems, though application of
 spatial planning and related policy can help to maximize benefits and
 ameliorate or mitigate problems. The cases of cruise terminal developments
 in Amsterdam and Rotterdam in the Netherlands are illustrative in this
 context, and offer lessons for spatial planning and regeneration involving
 cruise tourism elsewhere. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2033-2052 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722914 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722914 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tom Kauko 
Author-X-Name-First: Tom 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kauko 
Title: An Institutional Analysis of Property Development, Good Governance and Urban Sustainability 
Abstract:
  It can be argued that creating a reputation for sustainable development
 for the benefit of a competitive advantage resonates with institutional
 theory. In principle, this opens up the possibility to relate a given
 sustainability agenda with theoretical frameworks based on old
 institutional economics (OIE) and/or new institutional economics. This is
 particularly true in arenas where qualitative factors cause a
 discontinuous change from the previous structure, such as amid urban
 regeneration. Using empirical evidence from three very different European
 cities, Budapest, Amsterdam and Trondheim, it is shown that OIE has plenty
 to offer for a &#x201C;patchy&#x201D; and evolving problem area such as
 the analysis of planning and property development in an urban setting. The
 position taken here is that good community governance needs the support of
 the private sector too. Smart policies, regulations and especially
 incentives set at the local and regional levels are an imperative to meet
 the sustainability goals set out in the Rio-1992 agenda. This
 international comparison attempts to provide some guiding answers to the
 empirical question as to how sustainable the three cases of country- and
 city-specific governance are in terms of their property development. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2053-2071 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 20 
Year: 2011 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722926 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722926 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bas Spierings 
Author-X-Name-First: Bas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Spierings 
Author-Name: Martin van der Velde 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Velde 
Title: Cross-Border Mobility, Unfamiliarity and Development Policy in Europe 
Abstract:
	      In this special issue, we seek to explore experiences,
 performances and effects of both &#x201C;unfamiliarity&#x201D; and
 &#x201C;familiarity&#x201D; across a diversity of inner and outer borders
 of the European Union. In EU integration discourse, cross-border
 unfamiliarity is usually considered to obstruct international mobility and
 diminish opportunities for cross-border cohesion and communities to
 develop. European development policy, therefore, often focuses on creating
 mutual understanding in border regions, especially through diminishing the
 barrier effect of borders. One of the consequences is that more
 cross-border familiarity is created. However, too much familiarity may
 also have undermining implications for cross-border mobility, integration
 and community-building. This special issue, therefore, scrutinizes what
 &#x201C;being&#x201D; and &#x201C;feeling&#x201D; (un)familiar imply in
 cross-border contexts and what consequences both have for spatial
 practices in and representations of borderlanders in several
 Euroregions&#x2014;as well as for European regional development policies
 aiming for cross-border mobility, integration and community-building.	    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1-4 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.716235 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.716235 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bas Spierings 
Author-X-Name-First: Bas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Spierings 
Author-Name: Martin van der Velde 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Velde 
Title: Cross-Border Differences and Unfamiliarity: Shopping Mobility in the Dutch-German Rhine-Waal Euroregion 
Abstract:
	      Many international differences can be experienced in shopping
 spaces on both sides of a national border. Other languages, unfamiliar
 goods and unknown spatial codes are only a few of the physical-functional
 and socio-cultural differences that could cause exciting and stimulating
 situations but could also be perceived as problematic and deterring. This
 paper analyses perceptions, motivations and practices of cross-border
 (non-)shoppers and provides insights into ways in which people from
 cross-border regions deal with differences and the extent to which they
 interact across borders. The aim is to both theoretically and empirically
 substantiate the dynamic concept of (un)familiarity by scrutinizing the
 impact of &#x201C;push&#x201D;, &#x201C;pull&#x201D;, &#x201C;keep&#x201D;
 and &#x201C;repel&#x201D; factors on shopping (im)mobility in the
 Dutch-German Rhine-Waal Euroregion. These factors are seen as rooted in
 dynamic processes of constructing, deconstructing and reconstructing
 differences between places on both sides of the border. In so doing,
 attention is paid to changing shopping practices and motivations and
 influencing changing perceptions of international differences. As such,
 the paper also discusses &#x201C;familiarization processes&#x201D; in
 cross-border regions. The concluding section provides critical reflections
 on the current European policy approach towards cross-border regional
 development. In fact, the paper ends with a plea for more instead of less
 borders, as borders are markers of international differences which could
 promote cross-border mobility. 	 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 5-23 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.716236 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.716236 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria de F&#xE1;tima Amante 
Author-X-Name-First: Maria 
Author-X-Name-Last: de F&#xE1;tima Amante 
Title: Recovering the Paradox of the Border: Identity and (Un)familiarity Across the Portuguese--Spanish Border 
Abstract:
	      European internal borders have been involved in a process of
 reconfiguration. Political discourses have emphatically commented upon the
 dismantling of borders, the Single Market and free movement of products
 and people. This paper addresses these changes in relation to a specific
 European internal border&#x2014;the Portuguese--Spanish border. To reflect
 on the changes referred to above, three different axes are explored: the
 relationship between borders and mobility, between borders and identity
 and between borders and memory. It is by stressing these relationships
 that concepts of familiarity and unfamiliarity will be equated and
 discussed. Drawing on my fieldwork experience and on documented studies on
 different sections of the border, I will explore how territorial and
 social dissimilarities affect the relationship with the border and in what
 ways (un)familiarity acts as a motivation for border crossing. I will
 argue that although there is a feeling of familiarity (constructed by past
 experience) and that despite the fact that Iberian states are imposing a
 new paradigm of relations across the border (that of cross-border
 cooperation) people living on the border are using concepts of
 differentiation to sustain their identity in a discursive manner.	    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 24-41 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.716237 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.716237 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:1:p:24-41




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dorte                        Jageti&#x107; Andersen 
Author-X-Name-First: Dorte                        Jageti&#x107; 
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersen 
Title: Exploring the Concept of (Un)familiarity: (Un)familiarity in Border Practices and Identity-Formation at the Slovenian--Croatian Border on Istria 
Abstract:
	      In border region studies, the concept of (un)familiarity is
 applied in empirical studies of consumer culture across borders,
 illustrating how feelings of unfamiliarity can have an off-putting
 influence on cross-border interaction (e.g. because of dislike of or lack
 of attraction to the other side) at the same time as it can be an
 incentive for people living at borders to cross them (e.g. to explore the
 exotic other side). The concepts explanatory scope has, thus, far
 responded to the normative claim that a borderless Europe encourages and
 increases mobility. However, in previous studies applying the concept of
 (un)familiarity, an explanatory problem remains concerning people's
 unarticulated and perhaps deeper reasons for mobility and lack thereof.
 This leaves a question mark as to why feelings of (un)familiarity occur in
 the first place as well as the actual degree to which they constitute
 barriers and provide incentives for mobility. The concern in this article
 is to deepen our understanding of the concept of (un)familiarity. It
 enriches the bandwidth of the unfamiliarity concept by relating it to a
 notion of socio-spatial identity-formation, which takes into consideration
 the psychological aspects involved when identities form. By doing so, the
 concepts explanatory scope is extended, making it possible to explain some
 of the complexity involved when feelings of (un)familiarity occur. It,
 thus, also answers the question why (un)familiarity cannot be translated
 into normative claims about cross border mobility.	     
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 42-57 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.716238 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.716238 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carsten Yndigegn 
Author-X-Name-First: Carsten 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yndigegn 
Title: Reviving Unfamiliarity&#x2014;The Case of Public Resistance to the Establishment of the Danish--German Euroregion 
Abstract:
	      In common sense perceptions of lay people, borders are
 perceived as essentialist, as things that demarcate inhabitants in one
 state from those in another, but being defined as state borders is too
 narrow a perspective on the spatial divisions of people. In sociological
 theory, borders are considered as social constructions. Borders are
 socially constructed; however, the kinds of constructions take on
 different forms. State borders&#x2015;or political borders&#x2015;initiate
 and work in a complex set of relations with other types of borders such as
 cultural, linguistic and economical. Whilst borders in political theory
 are considered the outcome of institutional processes, often as a
 consequence of political power struggles, for example, wars, borders are
 addressed differently in other theoretical approaches. A dominant paradigm
 in border studies perceives borders as social constructions created
 through both institutional practices and everyday social interaction. The
 social construction of borders takes place in the specific daily life
 interaction among people. The article focuses on two central concepts in
 its analytical strategy. First, the concept of unfamiliarity is introduced
 as a concept that addresses the mental categorizations that are created in
 interactions across borders. Second, the concept of
 &#x201C;borderwork&#x201D; by Rumford is introduced as an analytic tool in
 order to identify processes of border constructions in individuals&#x2019;
 daily interaction. The main aim of the article is to establish the
 relationship between borderwork and unfamiliarity. The analytical frame
 has been adapted to the specific case of introducing a Euroregion in the
 Danish--German border region, and it is demonstrated how interplay between
 unfamiliarity and borderwork may contribute to explain the resistance
 towards formal cross-border interaction. Furthermore, the case analysis
 draws attention towards the subtle mechanisms that contribute to
 maintaining borders as barriers in a formally debordered Europe.	   
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 58-74 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.716239 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.716239 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:1:p:58-74




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: James                        Wesley Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: James                        Wesley 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Title: Constructing Familiarity in Finnish--Russian Karelia: Shifting Uses of History and the Re-Interpretation of Regions 
Abstract:
	      This paper will present evidence of regionalization processes
 taking shape in &#x201C;Finnish--Russian&#x201D; Karelia based on the
 construction of &#x201C;familiarity&#x201D;. This region-building strategy
 harks back to the well-known Euroregion model developed within the context
 of European integration. However, if Euroregions can be seen as largely
 public sector projects of &#x201C;place-making&#x201D; the construction of
 familiarity is a much more socially grounded process. The major shift
 under consideration is that of transcending the national appropriations of
 Karelia that have characterized Finnish, Russian and Soviet policies in
 the past. The focus will be on two aspects: (1) notions of a common
 regional space in order to promote cross-border co-operation and (2) the
 re-framing of history and the influence of tourism in developed
 multifaceted (partly post-national) regional ideas of Karelia. Rather than
 understand Karelia within the framework of nationalizing historiographies,
 these contemporary interpretations depict Karelia as a
 borderland&#x2014;as a space of cultural and historical ambiguity marked
 but not dominated by alternating phases of Russification, Finnishization
 and Sovietization.	     
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 75-92 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.716240 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.716240 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:1:p:75-92




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alexander Izotov 
Author-X-Name-First: Alexander 
Author-X-Name-Last: Izotov 
Author-Name: Jussi Laine 
Author-X-Name-First: Jussi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Laine 
Title: Constructing (Un)familiarity: Role of Tourism in Identity and Region Building at the Finnish--Russian Border 
Abstract:
	      This paper investigates the role of tourism in the
 construction of (un)familiarity in Karelia at the Finnish--Russian
 borderland. From a historical perspective, it deals with a culturally
 homogenous space, which more recently became divided by the border into
 two nation states that differ politically, ethnically and linguistically.
 In the course of the Cold War, unfamiliarity was one of the tools used by
 the Soviet political elite in construction of national identity. However,
 after the collapse of the Soviet Union, when the border regime became
 liberalized and cross-border interaction began, familiarity became one of
 the key factors of the regional identity construction. The case of
 Sortavala, on which this study focuses, allows us to analyse how identity
 was constructed in official and media discourses. Although familiarity in
 the local context is more prominent, unfamiliarity is also at stake, not
 only in a negative sense, but also from a sense of curiosity about
 historical ties between the different parts of Karelia. This paper
 contributes to an understanding of EU external bordering politics. It also
 highlights the role of local actors in the (re-)construction and
 (re-)interpretation of borders. Tourism is seen as one of the facets of
 local identity formation. This study attempts to understand tourism-driven
 cross-border region-building processes.	  
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 93-111 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.716241 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.716241 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:1:p:93-111




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Phil Cooke 
Author-X-Name-First: Phil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke 
Title: Exploring Knowledge-Intensive Business Services: Knowledge Management Strategies 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 112-114 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 1  
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.745258 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.745258 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:1:p:112-114




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Knut Hidle 
Author-X-Name-First: Knut 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hidle 
Author-Name: Roger                        Henning Normann 
Author-X-Name-First: Roger                        Henning 
Author-X-Name-Last: Normann 
Title: Who Can Govern? Comparing Network Governance Leadership in Two Norwegian City Regions 
Abstract:
	      What social and structural mechanisms determine where
 hands-on leadership of city-region governance networks is anchored? In
 this article, we discuss the origin of city-region governance leadership
 in two Norwegian city regions. Based on empirical analysis, we argue that
 variations in terms of leadership practices cannot be fully explained in
 terms of levels of trust, social capital and institutional set-up. Issues
 related to how power is institutionalized needs to be explored and
 explained in order to improve our understanding of processes associated
 with the construction of leadership of governance networks. We also
 recognize that where this type of leadership is anchored can have
 important implications for both regional economic development as well as
 defining the qualities of local democracy.	     
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 115-130 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722924 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722924 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:2:p:115-130




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jose                        M. Mart&#xED;nez-Paz 
Author-X-Name-First: Jose                        M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mart&#xED;nez-Paz 
Author-Name: Angel Perni 
Author-X-Name-First: Angel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Perni 
Author-Name: Federico Mart&#xED;nez-Carrasco 
Author-X-Name-First: Federico 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mart&#xED;nez-Carrasco 
Title: Assessment of the Programme of Measures for Coastal Lagoon Environmental Restoration Using Cost--Benefit Analysis 
Abstract:
	      The degradation of marine and coastal ecosystems has given
 rise to the creation of specific protection rules. The Marine Strategy
 Framework Directive and the Water Framework Directive are the standards
 agreed in the European Union with the aim of obtaining a good ecological
 status in marine and coastal waters by applying a programme of measures,
 if necessary. These measures must be technical, social and economically
 feasible, in such a way that costs do not exceed benefits. This work
 expounds the implementation of two economic tools to assess the programme
 of measures intended for the environmental restoration of one of the most
 important coastal ecosystems in Europe, the Mar Menor coastal lagoon (SE
 Spain). Thus, the cost--benefit analysis (CBA) (and its extensions) and
 the contingent valuation method are used to assess the aforementioned
 programme in terms of economic and environmental profitability. Results
 prove the socioeconomic and environmental profitability of the actions due
 to be undertaken, with rates of return of around 10%. From a
 methodological point of view, there is a clear need to widen the classic
 CBA scheme by using the extended CBA and the dual CBA to gauge this type
 of environmental restoration actions.		
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 131-148 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722923 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722923 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:2:p:131-148




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Renato                        Miguel Carmo 
Author-X-Name-First: Renato                        Miguel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carmo 
Title: Polycentrism as a Multi-Scalar Relationship Between Urban and Rural Areas: The Case of Portugal 
Abstract:
	      This article introduces a reflective analysis of
 polycentrism. Since the 1990s, polycentrism has provided the foundation
 for countless spatial planning policies in Europe. Most studies highlight
 the importance of cities and towns as the principal nodes for regional
 development. This article discusses whether polycentrism is the best
 planning solution for managing the imbalances and relationships between
 urban and rural areas. Empirically, it will focus on the polycentric
 discourse that has recently gained strength in Portugal, by evaluating the
 national spatial planning policy programme and its consequences for
 regional development. It will make a comparative analysis between the
 national spatial development perspective proposed by the programme and
 certain sociological findings that characterized the rural areas caught
 out between urbanization and marginalization. This will be illustrated
 with research on the Alentejo region, one of the largest rural areas in
 Portugal.	    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 149-166 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722912 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722912 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:2:p:149-166




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anna                        Maria Colavitti 
Author-X-Name-First: Anna                        Maria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colavitti 
Author-Name: Nicola Usai 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicola 
Author-X-Name-Last: Usai 
Author-Name: Sandra Bonfiglioli 
Author-X-Name-First: Sandra 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonfiglioli 
Title: Urban Planning in Italy: The Future of Urban General Plan and Governance 
Abstract:
	      This article aims to highlight and, whenever possible,
 demonstrate that the urban general plan is still the instrument of the
 utmost importance to trigger and steer urban transformations. Within the
 current Italian context, the article examines the characteristics,
 contradictions, weaknesses and opportunities of urban planning set of
 rules and practices and tries to propose concrete answers to questions and
 issues strictly connected that affect the municipality's urban planning:
 how to manage and govern a contemporary metropolis or city agglomeration,
 the concerns associated with overlapping jurisdictions and different rules
 for various hierarchical administrative levels, the costs of social and
 common services, the need to include in the urban plan the possible use of
 European Union Structural Funds, the real estate market affecting new
 development and urban regeneration programmes and investments. All these
 aspects should be included in a unifying and strong planning instrument,
 the urban plan, which could address and steer effectively the urban
 planning policies and their governance.	  
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 167-186 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722913 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722913 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ignasi Domingo 
Author-X-Name-First: Ignasi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Domingo 
Author-Name: Raoul Beunen 
Author-X-Name-First: Raoul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Beunen 
Title: Regional Planning in the Catalan Pyrenees: Strategies to Deal with Actors' Expectations, Perceived Uncertainties and Conflicts 
Abstract:
	      Drawing on three case studies in the Catalan Pyrenees
 (Spain), this paper shows how interactions between planners and
 stakeholders influence expectations, uncertainties and conflicts during
 the planning process. Therewith, it provides further understanding of
 performance of regional planning beyond the formality of plans and
 policies. The case studies illustrate how planners' actions can either
 generate uncertainty, conflicts and frustration, or common understanding,
 agreements and positive expectations. With these insights, planners can be
 more conscious about the effects of their communicative strategies on the
 multiple perceptions of the planning process. Planners need to deal with
 interpretations of other actors, and they have to be aware of others'
 expectations and uncertainties. The positive effect of interactions has
 limitations because of the unavoidable existence of different perceptions
 and interests concerning a plan. Nevertheless, planners can generate even
 greater conflicts themselves if the perceptions from other stakeholders
 are ignored.	       
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 187-203 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722916 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722916 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:2:p:187-203




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ulrich Kriese 
Author-X-Name-First: Ulrich 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kriese 
Author-Name: Robert B&#xFC;gl 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: B&#xFC;gl 
Author-Name: Roland                        W. Scholz 
Author-X-Name-First: Roland                        W. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scholz 
Title: Market Actors' Views on Urban Family Living: Informing Urban Planning and Place Marketing in Preparation for Urban Transitions 
Abstract:
	      Cities want to attract young families as residents instead of
 losing them to the suburbs. This asks for profound and specific
 understanding of the housing-related needs and expectations of those
 families desiring urban living. The article presents and discusses these
 needs and expectations, focussing on social and environmental issues, as
 seen by different market actors with regard to a major urban transition
 area in Basel, Switzerland, a typical middle-sized western European city.
 We used the exploration parcours technique, which allows for what is
 called &#x201C;information acceleration&#x201D; including an in-depth
 encounter with different scenarios of urban design before responding to a
 questionnaire on urban family living (N&#x2009;=&#x2009;80). The results
 indicate that housing suppliers underestimate young families' demand for
 participation, for the recognition of children's needs, and, to a large
 extent, for high environmental standards.	    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 204-231 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722917 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722917 
File-Format: text/html
File-Restriction: Access to full text is restricted to subscribers. 
Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:2:p:204-231




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maie Kiisel 
Author-X-Name-First: Maie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kiisel 
Title: Local Community Participation in the Planning Process: A Case of Bounded Communicative Rationality 
Abstract:
	      The article contributes to the discussions of the
 relationships between planners and the local community, with a focus on
 the intervention of the planner in reaching reflexivity and just
 decisions. In spite of the commonly acknowledged phenomenon of local
 communities that protest against &#x201C;unwanted&#x201D; risk facilities,
 the principal contradiction in the problem formulation between their
 lifeworld and the structure of modern institutions has received little
 attention. This is the focus of the following case study, which explores
 the communicative activity of the local community within a planning
 process of mining in a new EU member state. In the theoretical section, I
 discuss the theory of Habermas to re-investigate the widely criticized
 foundations of communicative planning. I approach the statements of
 Habermas with the help of Luhmann to reveal that their different
 viewpoints may be complementary rather than oppositional. The empirical
 analysis focuses on the lifeworld of the affected community members and
 the decision-making process by institutions. The analysis reveals
 preconditions embedded deeply in the planning process that prevents
 community members from the introduction of their vision of the issue.	    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 232-250 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722921 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722921 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:2:p:232-250




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ertugrul Deliktas 
Author-X-Name-First: Ertugrul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Deliktas 
Author-Name: A. &#xD6;zlem &#xD6;nder 
Author-X-Name-First: A. &#xD6;zlem 
Author-X-Name-Last: &#xD6;nder 
Author-Name: Metin Karadag 
Author-X-Name-First: Metin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Karadag 
Title: The Size Distribution of Cities and Determinants of City Growth in Turkey 
Abstract:
	      The aim of this study is two-fold. Firstly, this study
 examines the size distribution of cities by using Zipf's law. The second
 objective of this study is to investigate the effects of determinants of
 urban growth in Turkey by using the data for the 1980--2007 time period.
 The main findings of the study show that there is some evidence that
 Zipf's law holds in Turkey. Moreover, according to the rank-minus-half
 rule, the results suggest stronger support for Zipf's law in size
 distribution of the cities. Furthermore, the regression results indicate
 that fertility rate, location of the city, migration, agglomeration in
 services and specialization in manufacturing industry have positive
 impact, whereas schooling rate has a negative effect on growth of the
 urban population regarding Turkey.	     
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 251-263 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722922 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722922 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:2:p:251-263




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jose-Ramon Monrobel 
Author-X-Name-First: Jose-Ramon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Monrobel 
Author-Name: Angeles Camara 
Author-X-Name-First: Angeles 
Author-X-Name-Last: Camara 
Author-Name: Miguel-Angel Marcos 
Author-X-Name-First: Miguel-Angel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marcos 
Title: Modelling European Regional Policy 2007--2013: Applied General Equilibrium Analysis of the Economic Impact on the Madrid Region 
Abstract:
	      The main purpose of this study was to present an applied
 general equilibrium model to the economy of the Madrid region. The model
 developed is considered a neoclassical version of the Walrasian
 equilibrium, modelling production sectors on perfect competition, full use
 of production factors and the clearing of all markets of goods. The model
 thus enables the second objective of the study: to estimate the impact of
 the 2007--2013 Structural Funds received on the economy of the Madrid
 region. The effects resulting from the injection of the funds are
 quantified by simulations performed using the developed model. This
 analysis of the quantification of effects is extremely important, as the
 priority objectives of the European Regional Policy have changed with
 respect to the previous period. In the current operational programme, the
 Madrid region comes under the regional competitiveness objective, which
 focuses on the priorities of innovation, research, the information society
 and business development. The sectors that have traditionally benefited,
 mainly infrastructure, therefore give way to others and the injection of
 funds into the Madrid economy is to be through other areas. In addition,
 there has been a reduction of the European aid received by our Region, as
 compared with previous Programmes.	     
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 264-280 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722925 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722925 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ivan Turok 
Author-X-Name-First: Ivan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Turok 
Title: Green Cities of Europe 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 281-283 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.745261 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.745261 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:2:p:281-283




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Karima Kourtit 
Author-X-Name-First: Karima 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kourtit 
Author-Name: Peter Nijkamp 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nijkamp 
Author-Name: Mark D. Partridge 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Partridge 
Title: The New Urban World 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 285-290 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.716242 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.716242 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:3:p:285-290




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Nijkamp 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nijkamp 
Author-Name: Karima Kourtit 
Author-X-Name-First: Karima 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kourtit 
Title: The &#x201C;New Urban Europe&#x201D;: Global Challenges and Local Responses in the Urban Century 
Abstract:
	      Modern cities in the open European space-economy are
 powerhouses of creative ideas, smart technologies, sustainable
 developments and socio-economic wealth. They play a pivotal role in the
 future of an urbanized Europe, but they are also confronted with grand
 challenges, notably far-reaching demographic transformations,
 environmental decay and climatological change, unequal social
 participation and ever-rising mobility trends. The challenges for urban
 environments may be turned into new opportunities, in particular, in such
 domains as advanced infrastructure and logistic systems, environmental and
 climate-neutral facilities, creative and knowledge-intensive strategies
 for socio-economic prosperity and well-being. Cities&#x2014;and in
 particular metropolitan areas&#x2014;may thus act as spearheads of
 sustainable economic growth for European countries. These observations
 call for appropriate long-range policy strategies for metropolitan
 areas&#x2014;and networks of cities&#x2014;in the highly diversified
 European space-economy. Such policy actions would need to be supported by
 solid, multidisciplinary and evidence-based research on the challenges and
 opportunities of urban environments in Europe. The main contribution of
 this paper lies in the systematic strategic approach to transform urban
 megatrends and challenges into research and policy concerns for Europe.
 The analytical framework employed to highlight and better understand such
 research and policy response in Europe from a typological perspective is
 built around four interconnected pillars (cornerstones) that form the
 focal points for identifying strategic future images that may be
 instrumental in mapping out the research and policy challenges for the
 &#x201C;New Urban Europe&#x201D;.	    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 291-315 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.716243 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.716243 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:3:p:291-315




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roberta Capello 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Capello 
Title: Recent Theoretical Paradigms in Urban Growth 
Abstract:
	      The aim of this article is to present a critical view of the
 theoretical toolboxes developed in urban economics to explain urban city
 size. The article starts with the consideration that, during the 1960s and
 1970s, the question of optimal city-size tended to be expressed in a
 misleading way. The real issue is not an &#x201C;optimal city size&#x201D;
 but an &#x201C;efficient size&#x201D;, which depends on the functional
 characteristics of the city and on the spatial organization within the
 urban system. Economies of scale exist up to a certain city size. However,
 urban development generates conditions leading to structural readjustments
 which lead to new economic advantages. These structural adjustments may be
 either sectoral transformations towards higher-order functions, or the
 emergence of external linkages with other cities. The article provides
 recent empirical evidence of the role played by urban functions and city
 networking in explaining urban equilibrium size. The empirical analyses
 reported here witness the importance of the structural adjustment of
 cities needed to achieve a higher equilibrium size.	      
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 316-333 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.716244 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.716244 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:3:p:316-333




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lewis Dijkstra 
Author-X-Name-First: Lewis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dijkstra 
Author-Name: Enrique Garcilazo 
Author-X-Name-First: Enrique 
Author-X-Name-Last: Garcilazo 
Author-Name: Philip McCann 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: McCann 
Title: The Economic Performance of European Cities and City Regions: Myths and Realities 
Abstract:
	      The ever-increasing concentration of people and economic
 growth in the largest cities relative to the rest of the country has
 slowed down or even reversed in many of the developed European countries
 over the last decade. This trend contradicts what the global cities, urban
 economics and new economic geography literature would predict. This trend
 can be interpreted from two points of view: (1) the trend is due to large
 obstacles to further large city urbanization and thus is inefficient or
 (2) this trend highlights alternative pathways to growth than the
 mega-city approach and may be as, if not more, efficient. This trend may
 be linked to Europe's uniquely polycentric urban structure with high
 number of small- and medium-sized cities. In addition, improvements in the
 access to services, including broadband, outside large cities may have
 facilitated the higher growth rates of smaller centres and rural regions
 and increased their appeal for residents and firms. Last but not least,
 negative externalities in the large cities, such as congestion costs,
 pollution, labour crowding and high cost of living, may increase the
 appeal of smaller centres and rural regions.	       
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 334-354 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.716245 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.716245 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:3:p:334-354




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrés Rodr&#xED;guez-Pose 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrés 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodr&#xED;guez-Pose 
Author-Name: Rune Dahl Fitjar 
Author-X-Name-First: Rune Dahl 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fitjar 
Title: Buzz, Archipelago Economies and the Future of Intermediate and Peripheral Areas in a Spiky World 
Abstract:
	      In a world where large urban agglomerations are increasingly
 regarded by scholars and policy-makers alike as the engines of economic
 development, the options at the disposal of intermediate and peripheral
 areas are dwindling. Doing nothing is, according to the dominating
 theories, likely to result in a steady decline which may jeopardize their
 very economic viability. Adopting active measures is thus the way forward.
 In this paper, we argue that the main solution being
 proposed&#x2014;interactive learning through the promotion of local
 agglomeration (buzz option)&#x2014;may yield limited results, if at all,
 as it would stifle the circulation of new knowledge and lead to lock-in.
 By contrast, promoting interaction outside the comfort zone of
 geographical, cognitive, social and institutional proximity (pipeline
 option) is more likely to succeed in generating interactive learning and
 in facilitating the generation, diffusion and absorption of innovation. We
 illustrate this point by resorting to the case of firm innovation in
 Norwegian city regions.	  
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 355-372 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.716246 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.716246 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:3:p:355-372




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel Shefer 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Shefer 
Author-Name: Malka Antonio 
Author-X-Name-First: Malka 
Author-X-Name-Last: Antonio 
Title: Spatial Inequality Between and Within Urban Areas: The Case of Israeli Cities 
Abstract:
	      Central areas enjoy greater efficiency in the production of
 goods and services than do outlying areas. Because of the inherent
 advantages of central areas over outlying areas, disparities among regions
 do not vanish over time. On the contrary, centripetal forces increase
 inequalities across space. The phenomena of increased globalization, trade
 liberalization and treaties among countries not only enable the flow of
 labour, products (export) and foreign direct investment but also help
 reduce spatial inequality between countries. These phenomena also induce
 greater spatial economic concentration within a country. Thus, although
 disparities among countries decrease, a widening gap is observed between
 regions within countries and within large urban areas. In the empirical
 part, we analyse the general patterns of spatial inequality found among 55
 localities in Israel with population size over 20,000. Looking at the
 spatial inequality relationship, both within and between cities in Israel,
 we show how all economic indicators measured, including inequality,
 decrease with distance from the core. Localities in the periphery that
 experience greater equality also experience lower average income, lower
 education, less self-employment and more unemployment. 	 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 373-387 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.718198 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.718198 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:3:p:373-387




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark D. Partridge 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark D. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Partridge 
Author-Name: Amanda L. Weinstein 
Author-X-Name-First: Amanda L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Weinstein 
Title: Rising Inequality in an Era of Austerity: The Case of the US 
Abstract:
	      US inequality has rapidly increased since the early 1970s.
 For advanced economies, inequality is linked to stronger incentives that
 enhance growth, education, innovation and entrepreneurship. However, the
 rise in US inequality is concentrated in the top 1%. Hence it is
 increasingly possible that economic rewards may be too uncertain to
 promote effort, suggesting the US has crossed a tipping point in which
 inequality reduces growth. Other costs include more social and political
 instability, making inequality the next potential &#x201C;crisis&#x201D;
 facing America. This study first examines trends in inequality and then
 reviews arguments that suggest that it is both good and bad for growth in
 America's cities. We then provide evidence that there has been a reversal
 in the effects of inequality after 2000 with it now being associated with
 less income and job growth in US metropolitan areas. We conclude by
 arguing that no general solution is possible without significant political
 reforms that equalize political influence.	     
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 388-410 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.716247 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.716247 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:3:p:388-410




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: H. S. Geyer 
Author-X-Name-First: H. S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Geyer 
Author-Name: H. S. Geyer 
Author-X-Name-First: H. S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Geyer 
Author-Name: D. J. Du Plessis 
Author-X-Name-First: D. J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Du Plessis 
Title: Migration, Geographies of Marginality and Informality&#x2014;Impacts on Upper and Lower Ends of Urban Systems in the North and South 
Abstract:
	      Since the onset of post-industrialism, the research focus in
 the developed world has increasingly shifted to the role of the
 information and communication technology, knowledge workers and the
 creative sector in the global economy. It has led to what could be
 described as an iceberg approach to economic research. In this approach,
 the focus is primarily on what happens in the part of the global economic
 iceberg above the waterline&#x2014;the &#x201C;clean&#x201D;,
 &#x201C;fast-moving&#x201D;, &#x201C;technologically advanced&#x201D;
 elements of the global economy. However another element of the global
 economy, the informal sector, is growing at an alarming rate in cities in
 both the developed and developing worlds. These activities are
 unobtrusively operating in a part of the iceberg below the waterline that
 receives relatively little attention from the research community. The
 purposes of this paper are to demonstrate how the information networks
 created in the iceberg above the waterline are being used by a growing
 section of the society in the developing world in order to reach
 first-world destinations. It shows how informality is changing the urban
 landscape in first-world cities where large concentrations of non-Western
 populations occur. The paper then shifts its attention to the
 overwhelmingly informally driven economies of African cities and outlines
 the inappropriateness of standard economic measures to accurately portray
 conditions there.	    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 411-431 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.716248 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.716248 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:3:p:411-431




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jannika Mattes 
Author-X-Name-First: Jannika 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mattes 
Title: The Regional Embeddedness of Multinational Companies: A Critical Perspective 
Abstract:
	      Multinational companies (MNC) face a constant tension between
 a regional orientation which entails regional embeddedness and their
 world-spanning activities. The relationship between MNCs and their
 regional surroundings is here analysed at two levels, the institutional
 level of the &#x2018;fit&#x2019; between the regional environment and the
 MNC's activities, and the project-specific level in which direct,
 innovation-related interaction between the company and regional players
 takes place. It can be shown that these two levels may show very different
 characteristics with regard to one and the same company, and that
 selective and dynamic forms of regional embeddedness occur. Furthermore,
 regional embeddedness of innovation projects does not necessarily take
 place even if the region offers ample possibilities for cooperation and
 regional links of the MNC at the institutional level may be strong. A
 thorough understanding of an MNC's relationship to its region is hence
 dependent upon a process-oriented two-level analysis.		
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 433-451 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722919 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722919 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:4:p:433-451




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michela Lazzeroni 
Author-X-Name-First: Michela 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lazzeroni 
Author-Name: Nicola Bellini 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicola 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bellini 
Author-Name: Gisella Cortesi 
Author-X-Name-First: Gisella 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cortesi 
Author-Name: Anna Loffredo 
Author-X-Name-First: Anna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Loffredo 
Title: The Territorial Approach to Cultural Economy: New Opportunities for the Development of Small Towns 
Abstract:
	      In recent years, there has been a notable development of
 research on the role of culture in regional and local development models
 and on the relevance of the so-called cultural economy. Despite the
 existence of several nuances, it is possible to identify two basic
 research approaches to the issue. The first is focused on analysing the
 industry of culture, showing the processes of concentration of cultural
 activities in some places and the links with other sectors of the local
 economy. The other approach, more oriented towards the territory,
 emphasizes the role that a system of cultural assets can play in the
 dynamics of economic and social development of a specific area. In
 contrast to the first, which concerns larger cities, the territorial
 approach privileges medium- and small-sized towns and rural areas. In
 adopting this perspective, we present the case study of Volterra, a small
 Italian town whose cultural heritage has been considered in recent years
 as the main local development driver. By means of a direct survey and
 interviews with opinion leaders, we have attempted to assess the
 perceptions and reactions of residents and visitors and to identify the
 connections between the local heritage, cultural activities and strategies
 of urban development.		
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 452-472 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722920 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722920 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:4:p:452-472




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Judith Westerink 
Author-X-Name-First: Judith 
Author-X-Name-Last: Westerink 
Author-Name: Dagmar Haase 
Author-X-Name-First: Dagmar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Haase 
Author-Name: Annette Bauer 
Author-X-Name-First: Annette 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bauer 
Author-Name: Joe Ravetz 
Author-X-Name-First: Joe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ravetz 
Author-Name: Fran&#xE7;oise Jarrige 
Author-X-Name-First: Fran&#xE7;oise 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jarrige 
Author-Name: Carmen B.E. M. Aalbers 
Author-X-Name-First: Carmen B.E. M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aalbers 
Title: Dealing with Sustainability Trade-Offs of the Compact City in Peri-Urban Planning Across European City Regions 
Abstract:
	      The compact city has become a leading concept in the planning
 of peri-urban areas. The compact city concept is often advocated as
 &#x201C;sustainable&#x201D; because of claims that include lower emissions
 and conservation of the countryside. The literature shows, however, that
 there are certain trade-offs in striving for compaction, especially
 between environmental and social aspects of sustainability. In this
 article, we describe expressions of the compact city concept in the
 planning practice of several European urban sample regions, as well as
 policies and developments that contradict the compact city. We look at
 examples of positive and negative impacts of the compact city that were
 observed in the sample regions. Further, we discuss attempts by planners
 to deal with sustainability trade-offs. Being aware that developments in
 the peri-urban areas are closely connected to those in the inner city, we
 compare the sample regions in order to learn how the compact city concept
 has been used in planning peri-urban areas across different contexts in
 Europe: in Western, Central and Mediterranean Europe, and with growing,
 stable or declining populations. We conclude with recommendations with
 respect to balance in applying the compact city concept.	   
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 473-497 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722927 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722927 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:4:p:473-497




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marco Bettiol 
Author-X-Name-First: Marco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bettiol 
Author-Name: Valentina De Marchi 
Author-X-Name-First: Valentina 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Marchi 
Author-Name: Eleonora Di Maria 
Author-X-Name-First: Eleonora 
Author-X-Name-Last: Di Maria 
Author-Name: Roberto Grandinetti 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grandinetti 
Title: Determinants of Market Extension in Knowledge-Intensive Business Services: Evidence from a Regional Innovation System 
Abstract:
	      Several studies have emphasized the role of
 knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS) in fostering innovation in
 metropolitan areas and regional innovation systems. Such areas are capable
 of expressing a strong demand for KIBS and consequently stimulate the rise
 and growth of KIBS. Despite an abundance of literature on KIBS emphasizing
 the relevance of spatial proximity to customers, many KIBS develop
 relationships on a broader national or even international scale. No
 studies have focused explicitly on this apparent discrepancy as yet. The
 aim of this paper is therefore to fill this theoretical and empirical gap
 by explaining the firm-level factors relating to the market extension of
 KIBS within the framework of regional innovation systems. Our analysis is
 based on a quantitative study on more than 150 KIBS supplying design or
 communication services located in the Veneto region (north-eastern Italy),
 an area that can be described as a regional innovation system. Five
 variables were considered, that is, size, experience, service
 standardization, investments in network technologies and relational
 intensity. Our results confirm that three of these variables, but not
 service standardization and relational intensity, correlate positively
 with the market extension of KIBS. Policy implications are also discussed. 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 498-515 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722930 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722930 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:4:p:498-515




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rolf G. Heinze 
Author-X-Name-First: Rolf G. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Heinze 
Author-Name: Fabian Hoose 
Author-X-Name-First: Fabian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoose 
Title: The Creative Economy: Vision or Illusion in the Structural Change? 
Abstract:
	      This contribution discusses the hopes associated with the
 rise of the creative industries and gives explanations for the debates in
 politics, science and the media. In doing so, our underlying thesis is
 that the culture and creative economy is a virtual sector and that a
 uniform promotion&#x2014;also by means of staged events that attract a lot
 of media attention&#x2014;needs to be challenged. In a further step, the
 scientific implications will also be outlined on the basis of the term's
 &#x201C;career&#x201D; in the public debate. A brief analysis of the
 empiricism of the creative economy will provide further insight into its
 real significance and demonstrate possible definitional weaknesses of the
 term. The creative industries are an essential element of modern economic
 infrastructure. They will play an important role in the future, especially
 for cluster strategies. However, the scientific research so far is not
 able to reach more accurate conclusions regarding the effects of
 governance on the culture and creative industry. Therefore, this
 contribution shows future research fields. We will conclude by venturing
 an outlook on the further development of the sector and demonstrate its
 social and economic effects using the example of the Ruhr Area in North
 Rhine-Westphalia.	    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 516-535 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722936 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722936 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:4:p:516-535




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Evers 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Evers 
Author-Name: Jochem de Vries 
Author-X-Name-First: Jochem 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Vries 
Title: Explaining Governance in Five Mega-City Regions: Rethinking the Role of Hierarchy and Government 
Abstract:
	      With the fundamental rescaling of socio-economic
 relationships, the mega-city region (MCR) has emerged as an important
 geographical space for governance. At the same time it is highly
 fragmented institutionally, making it difficult to overcome collective
 action problems such as providing regional public transport and protecting
 open spaces. In practice, different arrangements are employed to address
 these problems, including hierarchical approaches, competitive
 self-coordination and joint decision-making. Drawing on experiences in
 five MCRs in Europe and the US, the relative use and success of these
 approaches was investigated. The analysis suggests that the composition of
 the actor constellation (e.g. the number and kind of parties involved) and
 local political support proved to be important factors in explaining the
 performance of a particular governance approach. In addition, the findings
 provide a new appreciation for the role of the state, particularly the
 national government, in governing MCRs.	  
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 536-555 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722944 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722944 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:4:p:536-555




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mads Bruun Ingstrup 
Author-X-Name-First: Mads  Bruun 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ingstrup 
Author-Name: Torben Damgaard 
Author-X-Name-First: Torben 
Author-X-Name-Last: Damgaard 
Title: Cluster Facilitation from a Cluster Life Cycle Perspective 
Abstract:
	      Clusters influence the way firms cooperate, organize and
 compete, but clusters and their related benefits rarely come spontaneously
 in a straight line of expansion. It is argued that clusters typically
 develop in accordance with a life cycle, which includes an evolutionary
 sequence of steps where actors from the private and public sectors are
 engaged and where one or more cluster facilitators are coordinating and
 promoting the process. In the literature, the role of cluster facilitators
 has almost exclusively been described as static, leaving a research gap
 about how this particular role changes during the life cycle of clusters.
 Inspired by that research gap, this paper contributes to the understanding
 of the relationship between cluster development and cluster facilitation.
 It brings forward a framework for describing and discussing the exact
 changes taking place in the role of cluster facilitators, including the
 facilitation focus, competencies and tasks that they make use of along the
 cluster life cycle. This investigation is based on a multiple case study
 consisting of nine different clusters located in Denmark.	    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 556-574 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722953 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722953 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew Cocks 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cocks 
Title: Conceptualizing the Role of Key Individuals in Urban Governance: Cases from the Economic Regeneration of Liverpool, UK 
Abstract:
	      This paper argues that the role of key individuals in the
 governance of urban regeneration is often overlooked in empirical studies
 and theorizations, despite it often being an important causal factor in
 urban change. The paper provides a &#x201C;starter&#x201D;
 conceptualization of this phenomenon through combining Weber's [(1947) The
 Theory of Social and Economic Organization&#x2014;Translated by A.M.
 Henderson and Talcott Parsons (London: Collier Macmillan Publishers)]
 conceptualizations of authority and Kim, Dansereau and Kim's [(2002)
 Extending the concept of charismatic leadership: An illustration using
 Bass&#x2019; (1990) categories, in: B. J. Avolio & F. J. Yammarino (Eds)
 Transformational and Charismatic Leadership: The Road Ahead, Vol. 2, pp.
 143--172 (Amsterdam: JAI-Elsevier Science)] typologies of leadership.
 Detailed research into the economic regeneration of Liverpool, UK, between
 1978 and 2008 is drawn upon and a series of key individuals highlighted
 which played important roles in governance and policy outcomes. It is
 argued that, whilst the action of individual agents should not be isolated
 from wider structures and institutional settings, it is often necessary to
 consider their activities more substantially if a deeper understanding of
 the causalities behind urban and economic change is to be gained.	    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 575-595 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722955 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722955 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:4:p:575-595




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicola Francesco Dotti 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicola Francesco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dotti 
Title: The Unbearable Instability of Structural Funds' Distribution 
Abstract:
	      In order to promote &#x201C;cohesion, competitiveness and
 cooperation&#x201D; across Europe, the EU has established a common
 regional policy to support underdeveloped territories. This EU regional
 policy required to set up a very complex mechanism to implement such a
 huge effort to coordinate many interventions across highly differentiated
 territories. However, those territories are provided with very different
 institutional settings, and then the mechanism to coordinate all of them
 becomes particularly complex. The aim of this paper is to discuss the EU
 multi-level governance for structural funds (SFs), revising the origin,
 rationale and evolution of this policy in order to identify the limits of
 the institutional mechanism for the implementation of this policy. These
 limits will show their effects on the unstable distribution of SFs across
 the EU regions on a long-term perspective. Results show that the
 intervention of the EU is neither constant nor stable across regions,
 independently from their development paths. This instability should
 provide further arguments on the discussion about the SF policy and
 governance in order to take into considerations also institutional limits
 of the EU.	     
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 596-614 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722956 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722956 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:4:p:596-614




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alexander T&#xF6;lle 
Author-X-Name-First: Alexander 
Author-X-Name-Last: T&#xF6;lle 
Title: National Planning Systems Between Convergence and Incongruity: Implications for Cross-Border Cooperation from the German--Polish Perspective 
Abstract:
	      Convergence of national planning systems in Europe has become
 an important issue in the context of transnational and cross-border
 planning, which in turn plays a key role in the policy of creating a
 cohesive European space. Converging trends concerning planning styles and
 structures may undoubtedly be detected and also include new European Union
 (EU) member countries. Yet, by a minute's inspection of the
 (long-established) German and of the (created in the run-up to EU
 membership) Polish planning system from a cross-border planning
 perspective, it becomes obvious that similar structures may not coincide
 with a similar idea of what spatial planning is about. As highlighted by
 two chosen examples&#x2014;cross-border twin-city and metropolitan
 planning&#x2014;this results in significant hindrances for planning
 cooperation in its own right. The article concludes that any convergence
 of planning systems&#x2014;if it was to have a constructive impact on
 cross-border planning&#x2014;needs to be based on the acceptance of joint
 planning standards, objectives and values.	     
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 615-630 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722957 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722957 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:4:p:615-630




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arnoud Lagendijk 
Author-X-Name-First: Arnoud 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lagendijk 
Author-Name: Roos Pijpers 
Author-X-Name-First: Roos 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pijpers 
Title: Beyond the Regional Cradle and Policy Trap: Proximity and Embedding as Development Potentialities 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 631-636 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.734457 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.734457 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:5:p:631-636




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martijn J. Smit 
Author-X-Name-First: Martijn J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smit 
Author-Name: Henri L.F. de Groot 
Author-X-Name-First: Henri L.F. 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Groot 
Title: Stocking Up: The Role of Temporal and Spatial R&D Stocks 
Abstract:
	      Endogenous growth models are built around the concept of a
 knowledge stock. This knowledge stock can also be interpreted as a
 localized stock that operates at the regional level, as is common in the
 regional innovation systems literature. We use data from the second, third
 and fourth Community Innovation Surveys (covering 1994--1996, 1998--2000
 and 2002--2004) to measure the build-up of knowledge at a very low
 regional aggregation level (&#x201C;across streets and hallways&#x201D;)
 in the Netherlands. In doing so, we account for regional agglomeration
 effects. We find that such local knowledge stocks have a small influence
 on innovation and are far outweighed by firm-specific characteristics.     
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 637-665 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.745266 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.745266 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:5:p:637-665




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marina van Geenhuizen 
Author-X-Name-First: Marina 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Geenhuizen 
Author-Name: Danny P. Soetanto 
Author-X-Name-First: Danny P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Soetanto 
Title: Benefitting from Learning Networks in &#x201C;Open Innovation&#x201D;: Spin-off Firms in Contrasting City Regions 
Abstract:
	      R&D and innovation increasingly take place in networks that
 extend beyond the boundaries of a single firm, with customers in an
 important role in the learning processes involved. This phenomenon is
 captured by the term &#xA0;&#x201C;open innovation&#x201D;. Advantages of
 open innovation encompass cost reduction and an increased competitiveness.
 Spatial innovation theory however indicates that the potential of open
 innovation is not the same for all urban regions, there may be differences
 between large metropolitan areas and small cities. In this context, the
 authors compare university spin-off firms in two contrasting urban regions
 in Europe, Delft in the Netherlands and Trondheim in Norway (a
 metropolitan area versus an isolated city) with regard to the profile of
 their learning networks and the contribution of these networks to growth.
 Learning networks appear to differ in structure and strength, in spatial
 configuration and also in the influence on job growth. Thus, networks in
 Delft (in a large metropolitan area) tend to be stronger compared to those
 in Trondheim (isolated city), whereas the influence of network strength on
 growth tends to be negative in Delft but positive in Trondheim. Overall,
 firms in Trondheim tend to rely more on own resources and capabilities and
 less on learning networks in open innovation.		
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 666-682 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.733504 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.733504 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Holger Schiele 
Author-X-Name-First: Holger 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schiele 
Author-Name: Alexander Ebner 
Author-X-Name-First: Alexander 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ebner 
Title: The Role of Domestic and International External Cluster Linkages Explored on the Example of Buyer--Supplier Relations in Learning Regions: A Cross-Functional Assessment 
Abstract:
	      This paper analyses three levels of interaction among firms:
 regional, domestic and international, the analysis relying on
 cross-functional supplier evaluations by their customers. The statistical
 analysis reveals that indeed three groups with different evaluation
 results can be distinguished. Contrary to expectations, though, regional
 suppliers were not better evaluated than domestic suppliers, while
 international suppliers scored weakest. Cross-functional differences in
 assessment were found, which urges researchers to collect cross-functional
 data for cluster assessment. We conclude that external linkages play an
 important role in understanding clusters and that the domestic level has
 to be taken into consideration of an analytical entity of its own.	    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 683-699 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.734458 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.734458 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:5:p:683-699




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geert Vissers 
Author-X-Name-First: Geert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vissers 
Author-Name: Ben Dankbaar 
Author-X-Name-First: Ben 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dankbaar 
Title: Knowledge and Proximity 
Abstract:
	      Over the years knowledge has come to be seen as crucial for
 economic progress, and proximity as conducive to knowledge exchange. As a
 result, knowledge-related processes are often considered as possible
 explanation of the spatial agglomeration of economic activities. However,
 knowledge and proximity are general concepts that have to be detailed
 before it is possible to specify the concrete mechanisms at work. Building
 on recent work that focuses on proximity, this paper develops a
 perspective in which proximity features as an enabling element, but no
 more than that, in ongoing processes of knowledge creation, transfer,
 absorption, and change. We argue that knowledge is to be viewed as
 activity and process, rather than object or commodity. Concentrating on
 &#x201C;knowledge agents&#x201D;&#x2014;those engaged in knowledge-related
 processes, individuals and collectives&#x2014;will be more productive than
 persisting to rely on the distinction between tacit and codified knowledge
 to explain spatial aspects of the economy. Finally, we argue that regions
 are different when it comes to the extent, and the way, they facilitate
 creation, transfer, and other knowledge processes. Contributions to local
 or regional economic development, whether through research or policy, have
 to take existing repertoires&#x2014;patterns in collective
 knowledge&#x2014;into account. 	 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 700-721 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.734459 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.734459 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roel Rutten 
Author-X-Name-First: Roel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rutten 
Author-Name: Frans Boekema 
Author-X-Name-First: Frans 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boekema 
Title: Beyond the Learning Region: A New Direction for Conceptualizing the Relation between Space and Learning 
Abstract:
	      The learning region has been unsuccessful in delivering its
 main ambition of conceptualizing the relation between space and learning.
 Taking the region as the level of analysis biased the learning region
 towards learning in regional networks up to the point where it conflates
 regions with networks. As learning is a process of social interaction
 between individuals, innovation networks of individuals are suggested as
 the alternate level of analysis. The spatial dimension of innovation
 networks is two-fold. Their reach may vary between the local and the
 global. Second, regional social capital and norms and values affect
 learning as they are brought into the networks by spatially sticky
 individuals.	       
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 722-734 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.733505 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.733505 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:5:p:722-734




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miranda Ebbekink 
Author-X-Name-First: Miranda 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ebbekink 
Author-Name: Arnoud Lagendijk 
Author-X-Name-First: Arnoud 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lagendijk 
Title: What's Next in Researching Cluster Policy: Place-Based Governance for Effective Cluster Policy 
Abstract:
	      Despite their immense popularity and rapid proliferation and
 development, local cluster policies have met mixed results, and often
 suffer from limited effectiveness. In this paper, we argue that an
 important reason for the limited success can be found in the way policies
 have been grafted onto a particular policy rationale, namely of
 &#x201C;cluster building&#x201D;. Responding to this critique, we propose
 an alternative rationale, that of &#x201C;policy leverage&#x201D;, and a
 governance model which, in the pursuit of &#x201C;policy leverage&#x201D;,
 presents a new approach to intelligence gathering and to collective
 strategy-making. The model assigns a key role to &#x201C;civic
 entrepreneurs&#x201D; who operate at the interfaces of public and private
 spheres, and, of endogenous and exogenous drives, in line with
 &#x201C;place-based&#x201D; approaches.	  
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 735-753 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.734460 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.734460 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hugo Pinto 
Author-X-Name-First: Hugo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pinto 
Author-Name: Tiago Santos Pereira 
Author-X-Name-First: Tiago 
Author-X-Name-Last: Santos Pereira 
Title: Efficiency of Innovation Systems in Europe: An Institutional Approach to the Diversity of National Profiles 
Abstract:
	      Globalization did not create convergence to a unique economic
 model among countries. Even in developed countries, the answers to the
 pressures of markets underline the existence of a variety of capitalisms.
 The analysis of innovation systems, in particular at the national level,
 is adequate as a preliminary approach to understand the diversity of
 profiles and institutional architectures. The article benefits from the
 broader notion of national innovation system to understand the profiles of
 15 European countries. By analysing central building blocks and
 institutional complementarities through the creation of indexes based on
 64 variables and a cluster analysis, it was possible to understand the
 different levels of institutional efficiency in the analysed dimensions
 for the selected groups of countries.		
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 755-779 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.665033 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.665033 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:6:p:755-779




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Judith Westerink 
Author-X-Name-First: Judith 
Author-X-Name-Last: Westerink 
Author-Name: Arnoud Lagendijk 
Author-X-Name-First: Arnoud 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lagendijk 
Author-Name: Stefanie Dühr 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefanie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dühr 
Author-Name: Pat Van der Jagt 
Author-X-Name-First: Pat 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van der Jagt 
Author-Name: Annet Kempenaar 
Author-X-Name-First: Annet 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kempenaar 
Title: Contested Spaces? The Use of Place Concepts to Communicate Visions for Peri-Urban Areas 
Abstract:
	      In Dutch planning, there has always been an important role
 for spatial concepts. Their role has arguably changed with the recent
 decentralization of planning to the regional and local level. At the
 national level, guiding concepts of a more procedural nature have replaced
 the more substantive and place-based spatial concepts, leaving more room
 for regional and local interpretation. At the regional and local level,
 spatial concepts are still in use, but this seems to be in a more
 communicative, negotiating and developing role than before. In this paper,
 we analyse how place concepts are used to exercise power, mobilize
 recourses and frame meaning over the use of the peri-urban areas, in the
 changing Dutch planning context. This paper focuses on two competing place
 concepts for overlapping green urban fringe areas in The Hague Region,
 which have been promoted by different actor constellations and which
 represent different visions about the meaning of these peri-urban areas.
 The case study allows conclusions about the changing role of spatial
 concepts in Dutch spatial planning.	      
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 780-800 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.665042 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.665042 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:6:p:780-800




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roos M. Den Uyl 
Author-X-Name-First: Roos M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Den Uyl 
Author-Name: Martin J. Wassen 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wassen 
Title: A Comparative Study of Strategies for Sustainable Development of Multifunctional Fen Landscapes: Signposts to Explore New Avenues 
Abstract:
	      The present study comparatively analyses local and
 supra-local strategies for sustainable development of multifunctional fen
 landscapes in Germany (five strategies), the Netherlands (six strategies)
 and the UK (seven strategies)&#x2014;thereby filling a gap in the existing
 academic literature. Fen landscapes have a peat soil which may be
 irreversibly lost once decomposed. These landscapes are currently under
 pressure due to drainage and land-use changes. A variety of strategies is
 applied and no particular type of strategy dominates in efforts to achieve
 sustainability. Such variety may be explained by differences in national
 policy contexts, decision-making and designing traditions, and, views on
 urgency and priorities of sustainability issues. Yet, the landscapes of
 our research focus exist in the organized mutual context of the European
 Union. Our study provides essential characteristics of steering
 interventions, to be considered by European policy-makers, when supporting
 initiatives for sustainable development of these landscapes. These
 include: focus on slowing down peat loss by reserving about 20--30% of an
 area for rewetting and/or nature conservation; development of a long-term
 vision; facilitation of a fair, transparent, inclusive and careful
 negotiation process on goals, means and sacrifices.	      
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 801-837 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.692773 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.692773 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andries Brandsma 
Author-X-Name-First: Andries 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brandsma 
Author-Name: d'Artis Kancs 
Author-X-Name-First: d'Artis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kancs 
Author-Name: Pavel Ciaian 
Author-X-Name-First: Pavel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ciaian 
Title: The Role of Additionality in the EU Cohesion Policies: An Example of Firm-Level Investment Support 
Abstract:
	      Additionality is one of the key principles driving the
 functioning of the EU cohesion policies (ECP). The present paper studies
 how additionality affects the impact of firm-level investment support on
 firm investment behaviour in differently competitive markets. We find that
 the investment additionality and the level of competition importantly
 affect the firm investment behaviour. Imposing additionality on the ECP
 investments in perfectly competitive markets causes distortions in the
 capital market and leads to lower welfare levels. In contrast, without the
 enforcement of additionality, the distortions are zero and the investment
 support fully benefits the firms. In an imperfectly competitive
 environment, the firm-level investment support may increase investment and
 may be welfare increasing with and without the enforcement of the
 investment additionality.	    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 838-853 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722928 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722928 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:6:p:838-853




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mehmet Güçlü 
Author-X-Name-First: Mehmet 
Author-X-Name-Last: Güçlü 
Title: Manufacturing and Regional Economic Growth in Turkey: A Spatial Econometric View of Kaldor's Laws 
Abstract:
	      In this paper, the regional economic growth process of Turkey
 during the period 1990--2000 is analysed within the context of Kaldor's
 laws. The validity of Kaldor's three growth laws is empirically tested by
 spatial econometric methods as well as traditional econometric method. The
 empirical results reported in this paper demonstrate the validity of the
 laws for Turkey over the period under discussion. In testing the first
 law, spatial dependence is detected. The presence of spatial dependence
 indicates that the growth of neighbouring regions (and indirectly, the
 growth of their manufacturing sectors) has an effect on the growth of a
 region. All the empirical findings suggest that manufacturing has a key
 role in regional economic growth.	    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 854-866 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722929 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722929 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:6:p:854-866




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lisa Rayle 
Author-X-Name-First: Lisa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rayle 
Author-Name: Christopher Zegras 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zegras 
Title: The Emergence of Inter-Municipal Collaboration: Evidence from Metropolitan Planning in Portugal 
Abstract:
	      Inter-organizational collaboration as a means for policy
 coordination has come to be seen as a solution to difficult and complex
 urban challenges. In Portugal, where metropolitan governance structures
 are highly fragmented, critics highlight the need for better coordination
 between municipalities-a situation typical in many countries. We
 seek to understand the forces behind the emergence of inter-municipal
 collaboration around land use and mobility issues, using a case study
 method. Based on nine cases from Portugal's two largest metropolitan
 areas, we test a model of inter-municipal collaboration, attempting to
 identify the factors and conditions which contribute to the emergence of
 collaborative relationships. The analysis suggests several points of
 validation as well as propositions for extending and refining the model.
 We find that collaboration is facilitated by a combination of positive
 incentives, ambiguity and flexibility in the institutional system, an
 external catalyst, existing inter-organizational networks, and specific
 organizational characteristics. The existence of any one of these factors
 is not enough. A combination of several factors, possible but apparently
 uncommon in Portugal, is necessary. This research suggests that the
 Portuguese planning system may be most likely to achieve metropolitan
 policy coordination through a metropolitan association that can
 incentivize collaborative projects.	      
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 867-889 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722932 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722932 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Will Bartlett 
Author-X-Name-First: Will 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bartlett 
Title: Structural Unemployment in the Western Balkans: Challenges for Skills Anticipation and Matching Policies 
Abstract:
	      Rapid economic restructuring has led to the emergence of
 serious skill gaps in many transition economies. Such changes have been
 especially pronounced in the countries of the Western Balkans due to the
 break-up of the former Yugoslavia and the subsequent reorientation of
 previous patterns of economic activity. Structural unemployment has
 increased to high levels, yet the education and training systems have
 failed to adapt to the needs for new skills in service sectors and sectors
 subject to global technological change. This article investigates the use
 of various skills anticipation methods to inform education and training
 policy in the region. It argues that the information on skill gaps
 gathered through these methods are not being used effectively to address
 skill mismatch, and that existing supply-led matching policies have failed
 to meet the challenge of high levels of structural unemployment. An
 alternative demand-led approach is identified, which relies on more
 decentralized methods to place effective power and influence in the hands
 of users, whether employers, employees, job-seekers or discouraged
 workers. It is suggested that this would provide a more appropriate model
 for the improvement of workforce skills in the Western Balkan countries.   
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 890-908 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722933 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722933 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: &Oslash;yvind Helgesen 
Author-X-Name-First: &Oslash;yvind 
Author-X-Name-Last: Helgesen 
Author-Name: Erik Nesset 
Author-X-Name-First: Erik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nesset 
Author-Name: &Oslash;ivind Strand 
Author-X-Name-First: &Oslash;ivind 
Author-X-Name-Last: Strand 
Title: "Brain Drain" or "Brain Gain"? Students' Loyalty to their Student Town: Field Evidence from Norway 
Abstract:
	      In the global economy regions fight a two-front
 'war' to attract young people. On the one hand, they compete
 against more urban areas because young people leave home to study and do
 not return to their home region ('brain drain'). On the
 other hand, they struggle to attract new residents, students and
 entrepreneurs to their local region ('brain gain'). The
 context is a student town of a strong industrial region characterized by a
 net export of young people and an increasing demand for highly qualified
 labour. The purpose is to gain insight into how student loyalty to a
 student town may be enhanced. A partial least square path modelling
 approach is used to estimate a structural equation model of student town
 loyalty. One finding is that the creation of student town satisfaction has
 more influence on student town loyalty than reputation building.
 'Social activity' is the most important loyalty driver. This
 antecedent is mediated through student town satisfaction and reputation,
 as well as university college reputation. The town municipalities and the
 university college should thus be coordinated in their effort to increase
 student town loyalty to bring down the 'brain drain' and
 increase the 'brain gain' in the region. 	 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 909-943 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722934 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722934 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julio Alberto Soria 
Author-X-Name-First: Julio Alberto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Soria 
Author-Name: Luis Miguel Valenzuela 
Author-X-Name-First: Luis Miguel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Valenzuela 
Title: A Method for the Evaluation of Metropolitan Planning: Application to the Context in Spain 
Abstract:
	      The metropolitan urbanization shows evidence that planning at
 the regional, subregional and municipal levels with its wide range of
 territorial, urban and sectorial competences is now longer able to
 significantly influence territorial development. This has led to a greater
 demand for alternative approaches, methods and instruments. For this
 research study, the metropolitan area of Granada was used as a field
 laboratory to assess the capacity of metropolitan planning to have an
 impact on metropolitan processes and dynamics. For this purpose, a method
 for metropolitan planning evaluation, MPE methodology, was proposed, which
 involves two evaluation processes. This method first evaluated the
 coherence of plans of different competences and at different scales within
 the metropolitan context (trans-scalar evaluation); it then evaluated the
 interaction between methods and proposals in plans and metropolitan
 dynamics (interactive evaluation).	     
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 944-966 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722935 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722935 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mario Davide Parrilli 
Author-X-Name-First: Mario Davide 
Author-X-Name-Last: Parrilli 
Author-Name: Khalid Nadvi 
Author-X-Name-First: Khalid 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nadvi 
Author-Name: Henry  Wai-Chung Yeung 
Author-X-Name-First: Henry Wai-Chung 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yeung 
Title: Local and Regional Development in Global Value Chains, Production Networks and Innovation Networks: A Comparative Review and the Challenges for Future Research 
Abstract:
	      Globalization as a process has developed exponentially over
 the past 20 years, generating multiple and opposite effects for local and
 regional development (LoRD). This has created both new opportunities as
 well as raising new threats for local actors, both public and private.
 This special issue sets out to consider the prospects for LoRD in this
 context. Our aim in the introductory article is to consider how
 globalization may bring about LoRD. We do this through a comparative
 review of three critical analytical frameworks that have been used in
 recent years to examine the changing dynamics of globalization and their
 consequences for local production systems, namely global value chains,
 global production networks and global innovation networks. We provide an
 overview of these distinct approaches, identifying their strengths and
 weaknesses. Our argument is not that any one of these approaches is
 necessarily 'better' than the others, but rather that to
 formulate a more complete and dynamic territorial perspective on regional
 development in the context of globalization, there needs to be an attempt
 at (eclectically) integrating the elements of these three distinct
 frameworks. The article then goes on to show how individual contributions
 in this special issue push forward this agenda, drawing on these distinct
 analytical frameworks to consider the transformative prospects for LoRD.   
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 967-988 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.733849 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.733849 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aitziber Elola 
Author-X-Name-First: Aitziber 
Author-X-Name-Last: Elola 
Author-Name: Mario Davide Parrilli 
Author-X-Name-First: Mario Davide 
Author-X-Name-Last: Parrilli 
Author-Name: Roberta Rabellotti 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rabellotti 
Title: The Resilience of Clusters in the Context of Increasing Globalization: The Basque Wind Energy Value Chain 
Abstract:
	      In this paper, we study how globalization impacts on the
 structure and governance patterns of value chains and on the resilience of
 local clusters. We study the value chains related to two Basque (Spain)
 companies in the wind energy industry, Iberdrola and Gamesa, and the local
 cluster to which they belong. We find that firms within the cluster have
 different types of relationships with lead companies depending on their
 competences and the complexity of their products. As a consequence, firms
 also present different potential for growth and/or resilience: some have
 the capacity to internationalize their operations and/or shift to the
 offshore wind market, others are vulnerable to competition from providers
 in the emerging countries. Against this context, we discuss how the
 cluster responds to these challenges and the role of policy.	       
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 989-1006 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.734456 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.734456 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:7:p:989-1006




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yohanes Kadarusman 
Author-X-Name-First: Yohanes 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kadarusman 
Author-Name: Khalid Nadvi 
Author-X-Name-First: Khalid 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nadvi 
Title: Competitiveness and Technological Upgrading in Global Value Chains: Evidence from the Indonesian Electronics and Garment Sectors 
Abstract:
	      Indonesia is a rapidly growing and internationally
 competitive economy that is well integrated into globalized production
 systems. The global value chain (GVC) model has proven to be a popular
 analytical framework to explain how global lead firms structure and
 organize global production through dispersed global suppliers. Indonesia's
 leading export sectors, garments and electronics, are well integrated into
 GVCs. Engagement in GVCs, often led by leading global brands, is seen as a
 basis for local producers to become globally competitive and to grow. It
 also comes with challenges-local producers must meet the demanding
 pressures from lead firms on prices, on-time delivery, product quality,
 and social, environmental and labour standards. The possibilities for
 local producers to learn, acquire new capabilities and upgrade to enhance
 their competitiveness are often conditioned by the nature of ties that
 they have with their global lead firms. Yet, this paper argues, the GVC
 model fails to recognize agency on the part of local firms in this
 learning process. Moreover, particular forms of governance arrangements
 within GVC ties can restrict the prospects for local producers to enhance
 capabilities and upgrade. Drawing on selected case study evidence from the
 Indonesian garments and electronics sectors, the paper explores the
 relationship between distinct types of GVC engagements and firm-level
 learning and upgrading, and considers how some GVC ties may restrict
 upgrading.	     
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1007-1028 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.733850 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.733850 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aitziber Elola 
Author-X-Name-First: Aitziber 
Author-X-Name-Last: Elola 
Author-Name: Jes&uacute;s M&ordf; Valdaliso 
Author-X-Name-First: Jes&uacute;s M&ordf; 
Author-X-Name-Last: Valdaliso 
Author-Name: Santiago López 
Author-X-Name-First: Santiago 
Author-X-Name-Last: López 
Title: The Competitive Position of the Basque Aeroespatial Cluster in Global Value Chains: A Historical Analysis 
Abstract:
	      In this paper, based on the case study of the aerospace
 cluster of the Basque Country (Spain), we aimed at analysing how local
 industries develop a new specialization, that is, how a cluster emerges,
 and how it evolves over time. For that purpose, apart from considering
 local factors (both forces that are internal to the cluster and to the
 territory), we explicitly consider the role of institutional and
 technological changes, and how they affect industry structure and
 governance patterns of global value chains (GVCs). We observe that
 global-scale regulations (deregulation and competition policy) and
 technological change, together with local factors such as the existence of
 anchor firms, local policies, related variety and social capital at
 regional and cluster levels played a significant role in the emergence of
 the cluster and how it became inserted in the GVCs. Later on, the
 development of suppliers' capabilities also had a relevant role in the
 evolution of the governance patterns of GVCs.		
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1029-1045 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.733851 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.733851 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chun Yang 
Author-X-Name-First: Chun 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang 
Title: From Strategic Coupling to Recoupling and Decoupling: Restructuring Global Production Networks and Regional Evolution in China 
Abstract:
	      The global production networks (GPNs) perspective, especially
 its focal concept of 'strategic coupling' has been widely
 applied to regional studies in the era of globalization. The 2000s,
 especially the aftermath of the 2008 global financial crisis, has
 witnessed a dramatic restructuring of the governance structure of GPNs;
 the effects on regional evolution have, however, been understudied.
 Echoing to MacKinnon's [(2012) Beyond strategic coupling: Reassessing the
 firm-region Nexus in global production networks, <italic>Journal of
 Economic Geography</italic>, 12, pp. 227--245] recent plea for
 conceptualizing the types, degree and depth of strategic coupling in the
 GPNs framework, this paper postulates that regional trajectories have been
 reshaped by the transition from strategic coupling to recoupling and
 decoupling, as a result of regional selection and abandonment of
 transnational corporations (TNCs) in host regions in China. Based on
 updated field investigation and in-depth interviews during the period of
 mid-2008 and early 2012, this paper examines and compares the
 transformation of the cross-border production networks driven by Hong Kong
 and Taiwan-based TNCs, particularly their divergent engagements in
 decoupling from source regions in coastal China, e.g. the Pearl River
 Delta and recoupling with the inland provinces, such as Sichuan and Hubei.
 Particular attention is paid to the changing power relations among TNCs
 and concerned regions with the emergence of key supplier-led domestic
 market-oriented production networks in China. Through developing an
 evolutionary framework on strategic coupling, the paper puts forward
 pertinent topics on the research agenda to explore dynamic interaction
 between GPN restructuring and regional evolution in the contemporary
 global economy.	  
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1046-1063 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.733852 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.733852 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jose-Luis Hervas-Oliver 
Author-X-Name-First: Jose-Luis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hervas-Oliver 
Author-Name: Rafael Boix-Domenech 
Author-X-Name-First: Rafael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boix-Domenech 
Title: The Economic Geography of the Meso-global Spaces: Integrating Multinationals and Clusters at the Local--Global Level 
Abstract:
	      The local--global phenomenon literature is fragmented between
 the fields of international business and economic geography (EG). In the
 case of the latter, the literature, produced within the global production
 networks (GPNs) and global value chain frameworks, does not address the
 central role of firms, especially multinationals which co-locate and
 connect territories along GPNs. This paper develops a cross-field
 conceptual integration in order to enrich the EG perspective, using
 qualitative research methodology to test the framework. The results have
 important implications for scholars and policymakers.		
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1064-1080 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.733853 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.733853 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:7:p:1064-1080




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Cooke 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke 
Title: Global Production Networks and Global Innovation Networks: Stability Versus Growth 
Abstract:
	      This paper works with global production network (GPN) as
 compared to global innovation network (GIN) theory and focuses on the
 global information and communication technologies (ICT), specifically the
 hard disk drive (HDD) aspects of that system. In this respect it has a
 double distinction to examine: it concerns complex socio-economic and
 political governance processes focused upon innovation, argued by many to
 be the guiding principle of the construction of economic advantage in the
 contemporary era and it utilizes theory to capture important contrasts in
 the condition of key and changing building blocks in the global ICT
 industry. Methodologically, it is qualitative and necessarily so, based in
 this instance on much secondary information interpretation and some
 interviews. The larger project of which these findings are a small part
 had a balance of the two methods of inquiry. Empirically, the paper finds
 that GPN set-ups are not particularly innovation-inducing, tend to
 stabilizing over the long term and firm growth is largely by acquisition.
 The contemporary global ICT system is, by contrast, endogenously
 innovative, far from stable and has greater developmental potential
 because of its key GIN characteristic, which is its capacity for novelty.  
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1081-1094 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.733854 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.733854 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel Baumgartner 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Baumgartner 
Author-Name: Marco Pütz 
Author-X-Name-First: Marco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pütz 
Author-Name: Irmi Seidl 
Author-X-Name-First: Irmi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Seidl 
Title: What Kind of Entrepreneurship Drives Regional Development in European Non-core Regions? A Literature Review on Empirical Entrepreneurship Research 
Abstract:
	      Regional policies across Europe aim at stimulating regional
 development in non-core regions through fostering entrepreneurship.
 However, the policies applied in non-core regions and the concepts of
 entrepreneurship these policies are based on differ. Therefore, the goal
 of this review is to identify different understandings of entrepreneurship
 and their role for regional development processes in European non-core
 regions. To this end, empirical studies investigating entrepreneurship in
 European non-core regions from 1999 to 2011 were analysed. The results of
 the analysis are presented along three drivers and outcomes of
 entrepreneurship identified inductively from the literature: innovation,
 social capital and institutional change. We made out seven different types
 of entrepreneurship in European non-core regions. These seven types of
 entrepreneurship comprise particular mechanisms through which they
 stimulate regional development. Further research should study the
 interplay between these different mechanisms of regional development in
 non-core regions which may induce a more territorial approach to
 understand entrepreneurship in non-core regions across Europe. 	 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1095-1127 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722937 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722937 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sylvie Van Damme 
Author-X-Name-First: Sylvie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Damme 
Author-Name: Hans Leinfelder 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans 
Author-X-Name-Last: Leinfelder 
Author-Name: Pieter Uyttenhove 
Author-X-Name-First: Pieter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Uyttenhove 
Title: Landscape as a Medium for Integration in Design Practice: The Case of Flanders, Belgium 
Abstract:
	      The twenty-first century has seen a remarkable revival of
 interest in landscape by disciplines of spatial design, such as landscape
 architecture, urban design and architecture. Inspired by the principles of
 the European Landscape Convention (ELC), several authors have suggested
 extending the concept of landscape into a metaphor for inclusive
 multiplicity and pluralism in design and planning. However, the
 implementation of the ELC is rather complex as it deliberately contains no
 methodological or practical guidelines. In this paper, we explore whether
 or not the holistic approach towards landscape in the spirit of the ELC
 actually affects Flemish design in practice. To this end, we study
 interviewees' perspectives on the use of landscape in design and their
 experiences with it by means of a qualitative interpretive research design
 with multiple triangulation of data collection methods. First, we present
 the perspectives of the study on landscape as a medium to facilitate
 integration in design projects, by discussing four separate topics where
 this is the case. Second, we conceptualize the integration of landscape in
 spatial design as an expertise which can be obtained by spatial designers,
 regardless of their disciplinary background through awareness-raising,
 training and education.	  
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1128-1152 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722938 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722938 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Switzer 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Switzer 
Author-Name: Leonie Janssen-Jansen 
Author-X-Name-First: Leonie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Janssen-Jansen 
Author-Name: Luca Bertolini 
Author-X-Name-First: Luca 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bertolini 
Title: Inter-actor Trust in the Planning Process: The Case of Transit-oriented Development 
Abstract:
	      Inter-actor trust (or the absence of it) plays an important
 role in complex planning processes. Trust has received much attention in
 management science, but surprisingly little in planning literature despite
 the similarities between the two and its increasing importance in ensuring
 coordination between multiple, heterogeneous actors in delivering
 developments. This paper aims to explore the role of trust in coordination
 in transit-oriented developments processes, based on literature research
 and two empirical case studies in the region of Toronto in Canada and the
 province of Zuid-Holland in the Netherlands. This research suggests that
 in both planning contexts trust is an important element in achieving
 successful outcomes. Trust was often identified at a personal level as
 something which can bridge differences between organizations, but that can
 be hindered by a history of distrust between organizations. The building
 of trust between stakeholders seems dependent on a commitment to building
 a good relationship early and openness throughout. Breaches of trust, as
 long as they are not fatal for the relationship, can lead to a stronger
 trust relationship in the long term. Trust, however, is not just an
 individual or organizational matter: the broader institutional context was
 also found to have pronounced impacts on the ability of trust to take
 root.		
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1153-1175 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722940 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722940 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:8:p:1153-1175




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luca Salvati 
Author-X-Name-First: Luca 
Author-X-Name-Last: Salvati 
Title: "A Chronicle of a Death Foretold": Urban Expansion and Land Consumption in Rome, Italy 
Abstract:
	      The article analyses the long-term changes in the spatial
 distribution and density of the urban settlements in Rome (Italy), a
 compact Mediterranean city recently undergoing low- and medium-density
 expansion. Eight density classes were considered: no buildings, >0.5
 buildings per hectare, 0.5--1.0, 1--2, 2--3, 3--5, 5--10, >10 buildings
 per hectare. Non-urbanized land amounted to 89% of the investigated area
 in 1919 and fell to 30% in 2001. Building density increased over time
 suggesting that both concentration and diffusion processes occurred in the
 study area. During 1919--2001, the building density was stable in only 37%
 of the investigated land. In that period, the largest part of the area
 (47%) underwent a low increase in building density, while 12% of the area
 passed from a low-density to a high-density class. Settlement density
 decreased rapidly with the distance from the city centre in 1919 and 1945,
 while a marked increase was observed in areas progressively further away
 from Rome since 1961. In recent years, land consumption was partly
 determined by the planning strategies adopted by Rome's municipality with
 the aim of producing a more balanced and polycentric region. More
 effective policies preserving the quality of the environment and promoting
 the sustainable development of peri-urban Mediterranean regions are
 needed.	  
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1176-1188 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722941 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722941 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:8:p:1176-1188




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ren Lu 
Author-X-Name-First: Ren 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lu 
Author-Name: Ruikan Zhang 
Author-X-Name-First: Ruikan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang 
Author-Name: Torger Reve 
Author-X-Name-First: Torger 
Author-X-Name-Last: Reve 
Title: Relations among Clusters in Six Chinese City Regions 
Abstract:
	      Despite the considerable number of papers that have discussed
 industrial clusters, it is surprising that there is little research
 evidence on relations among clusters. This article collects longitudinal
 data on three low-tech and two high-tech industrial clusters in six cities
 in the dynamic Pearl River Delta of the People's Republic of China. The
 findings provide empirical support to both the Marshall--Arrow--Romer
 model, which argues for the importance of homogeneous (specialized)
 clusters and the Jacobs model, which argues for the importance of
 heterogeneous (diversified) clusters. Both homogeneous and heterogeneous
 clusters in the same region influence one another's cluster size and
 economic output.	   
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1189-1209 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722942 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722942 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kjell Andersson 
Author-X-Name-First: Kjell 
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersson 
Author-Name: Per Angelstam 
Author-X-Name-First: Per 
Author-X-Name-Last: Angelstam 
Author-Name: Robert Axelsson 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Axelsson 
Author-Name: Marine Elbakidze 
Author-X-Name-First: Marine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Elbakidze 
Author-Name: Johan Törnblom 
Author-X-Name-First: Johan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Törnblom 
Title: Connecting Municipal and Regional Level Planning: Analysis and Visualization of Sustainability Indicators in Bergslagen, Sweden 
Abstract:
	      Sustainable development as a process towards sustainability
 requires collaboration among societal actors and stakeholders at multiple
 levels. A key issue is to provide them with that they have comprehensive
 and transparent knowledge base representing the state and trends of
 different dimensions of sustainability. This study addresses the need to
 analyse and present data of sustainability as a foundation for the
 sustainable development process within municipalities, and among them. As
 a case study, we focus on 18 municipalities in the crisis-struck
 Bergslagen region in Sweden and compare them with 101 surrounding
 municipalities. Data from 2001 and 2006 on 15 indicators representing
 ecological, economic and social sustainability criteria were transformed
 to a common scale through normalization around the median, and summarized.
 Bergslagen region municipalities performed poorer than the surrounding
 ones for all dimensions in 2006. The change from 2001 to 2006 was positive
 for economic and social criteria, while the ecological dimension developed
 negatively in all municipalities. We stress the need for municipalities to
 collaborate with each other and other actors both at municipal and
 regional levels, and to use sustainability indicators as a base for
 informed planning processes. We propose visualization of indicators using
 maps to support decision-making and social learning.	       
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1210-1234 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722943 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722943 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Caroline Gallez 
Author-X-Name-First: Caroline 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gallez 
Author-Name: Vincent Kaufmann 
Author-X-Name-First: Vincent 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaufmann 
Author-Name: Hanja Maksim 
Author-X-Name-First: Hanja 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maksim 
Author-Name: Mariane Thebért 
Author-X-Name-First: Mariane 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thebért 
Author-Name: Christophe Guerrinha 
Author-X-Name-First: Christophe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Guerrinha 
Title: Coordinating Transport and Urban Planning: From Ideologies to Local Realities 
Abstract:
	      In Europe, the idea that coordinating transportation and
 urban planning is a necessary condition for setting sustainable urban
 development into motion has spread throughout academic and professional
 circles. While this concern is not new, the objectives underlying
 transport and urban planning coordination have deeply changed over the
 last decades. How have local authorities translated the requirements and
 objectives of national laws? How have they accounted for the evolution of
 these global objectives? What factors explain innovation and continuity in
 the relationship between land use planning and transport policies? In a
 comparative research between Switzerland and France, we addressed the
 question of political change by reconstituting the
 'trajectories' of four urban areas: Geneva and Bern in
 Switzerland and Strasbourg and Bordeaux in France. We have described the
 policy paths of these urban areas since the end of the 1960s by focusing
 on the contents of master plans, the principal technical solutions and
 projects that have been implemented, and the means of inter-sectorial
 coordination used. For each case, factors of change or inertia have been
 identified by focusing on three main variables that are often studied
 alternatively in public policy analysis: ideas, institutions and
 interests.	     
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1235-1255 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722945 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722945 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bart Sleutjes 
Author-X-Name-First: Bart 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sleutjes 
Author-Name: Veronique Schutjens 
Author-X-Name-First: Veronique 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schutjens 
Title: Anchoring of Firms in the Neighbourhood: Does Local Social and Physical Order Affect Local Firms' Investment Strategies? 
Abstract:
	      An increasing number of small- and medium-sized firms, whose
 low relocation propensity seems to point to strong local anchors, have
 moved to residential neighbourhoods. On the one hand, the neighbourhood
 context, an attractive production milieu with rich social network
 potential, may enable entrepreneurs to increase investments in either
 human capital (personnel) or physical capital (premises, production
 goods). These investments further anchor firms in a neighbourhood, where
 they contribute to a thriving local economy. On the other hand, high crime
 rates, a deteriorated physical environment and a lack of social capital
 can discourage entrepreneurs from investing locally. In this study, we
 conducted a multilevel analysis on the relative contribution of
 neighbourhood characteristics to entrepreneurial investment strategies and
 controlled for firm and entrepreneur characteristics. We found that
 neighbourhood cohesiveness and liveability-but not local market
 characteristics-make a small but significant contribution to
 explaining local entrepreneurs' investments. This contribution is even
 stronger for the smallest firms. Therefore, a spatially targeted policy
 aimed at improving social cohesion and safety is likely to benefit both
 residents and small local firms.	   
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1256-1275 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722946 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722946 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: José María Tubío-Sánchez 
Author-X-Name-First: José María 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tubío-Sánchez 
Author-Name: Francisco Ónega-López 
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ónega-López 
Author-Name: Wim Timmermans 
Author-X-Name-First: Wim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Timmermans 
Author-Name: Rafael Crecente-Maseda 
Author-X-Name-First: Rafael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Crecente-Maseda 
Title: Institutional Change in Land Planning: Two Cases from Galicia 
Abstract:
	      Why do societies implement land policies? A number of
 arguments have been put forward in the literature, ranging from economic
 conceptions based on market failure and the problem of negative
 externalities to a more social conception based on welfare distribution
 and collaborative planning. However, neither all societies with similar
 market failures or negative externalities develop and implement land
 planning nor implemented land planning always results from collaborative
 planning. The arguments found in the literature seem not to fit the
 reality and, in most cases, cannot explain why societies create or
 undertake innovations in land planning. Within the framework of
 institutional change theory and based on the analysis of the emergence of
 two land planning devices-a land use law and a land banking
 law-in Galicia, Northwest Spain, this paper argues that land
 planning is developed to tackle negative outcomes of former institutional
 setups. However, the negativity of such outcomes is measured not in terms
 of economic performance, but in terms of social acceptance. The search for
 a workable definition of property within the Galician society seems to be
 the main driver of institutional change in land use planning analysed in
 this paper.	      
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1276-1296 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722947 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722947 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francesca Cabiddu 
Author-X-Name-First: Francesca 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cabiddu 
Author-Name: Daniela Pettinao 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniela 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pettinao 
Title: External Knowledge, Territorial Inertia and Local Development: An Exploratory Case Study 
Abstract:
	      This study examines the relationship between an
 entrepreneur's absorptive capacity, the spiral of knowledge and local
 development. Although a great number of theoretical and empirical studies
 have pointed out the importance of local networking and informal contacts
 when spreading knowledge locally, very few of them have provided robust
 evidence on the role of the entrepreneur's absorptive capacity and
 external knowledge in local development. This paper tries to explain the
 reasons why this problem can no longer be ignored and provides a
 preliminary examination, through an exploratory case study, of the role
 that the entrepreneur's absorptive capacity and external knowledge play in
 overcoming territorial inertia and enhancing local development.	  
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1297-1316 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722948 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722948 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris van Egeraat 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Egeraat 
Author-Name: Dieter F. Kogler 
Author-X-Name-First: Dieter F. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kogler 
Title: Global and Regional Dynamics in Knowledge Flows and Innovation Networks 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1317-1322 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.755827 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.755827 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Cooke 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke 
Title: Qualitative Analysis and Comparison of Firm and System Incumbents in the New ICT Global Innovation Network 
Abstract:
	      This paper presents a qualitative analysis of the changing
 fortunes of firms and territorial innovation systems in the emergent
 handheld devices segment of the global innovation network (GIN) in
 information and communication technology (ICT). The conceptual approach
 draws fairly lightly upon evolutionary complexity theory from which
 important concepts such as "path interdependence" "strange attractors" and
 system "self-organization" derive. In this version of a suite of papers on
 the GINs topic, particular emphasis is placed upon supply chain
 displacements of western chipmakers by Asian chipmakers from the first and
 second versions of the <italic>Apple</italic> "smartphone",
 forerunner of its equally successful "tablet" technology. These are the
 apotheosis of innovative "convergence" in which knowledge recombination
 produces unanticipated novelty in products and services. It is shown how
 <italic>Apple</italic>, like earlier transitioning ICT firms such as
 <italic>IBM</italic>, <italic>Microsoft</italic> and, more recently,
 <italic>Hewlett Packard</italic>, engaged in "modularization" largely by
 acquisition in order to re-position themselves in new global markets.
 Spatial proximities and policies are seen as crucial to many of the
 processes described.	       
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1323-1340 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.755828 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.755828 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pedro Campos Silva 
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro Campos 
Author-X-Name-Last: Silva 
Author-Name: Britta Klagge 
Author-X-Name-First: Britta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Klagge 
Title: The Evolution of the Wind Industry and the Rise of Chinese Firms: From Industrial Policies to Global Innovation Networks 
Abstract:
	      Powered by a growing environmental awareness and the
 perception of ending fossil-based energy sources, wind energy has evolved
 as a reliable, mature and increasingly price-competitive alternative to
 fossil and nuclear energy sources. Along with incremental technological
 progress, the wind industry, i.e. the development and manufacturing of
 wind turbines, has developed very dynamically both with respect to
 organization and location. Originating mainly in small and medium-sized
 enterprises in a core region of Northern Europe, the wind industry is now
 a global industry with an increasing significance of Chinese turbine
 manufacturers. Informed by evolutionary thinking and recent discussions on
 the concept of path dependence, we will trace this organizational change
 and geographical shift over time and space. We will show that the
 development of the wind industry is an example of on-path evolution in
 which the accumulation of small and incremental change has led to
 fundamentally new structures. The main drivers of this development have
 been politics and various types of public policies as well as, more
 recently, the globalization of knowledge production in global innovation
 networks--thus illustrating the need to better integrate the role of the
 state and of institutions at multiple levels into evolutionary thinking.   
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1341-1356 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.756203 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.756203 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Seamus Grimes 
Author-X-Name-First: Seamus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grimes 
Author-Name: Debin Du 
Author-X-Name-First: Debin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Du 
Title: Foreign and Indigenous Innovation in China: Some Evidence from Shanghai 
Abstract:
	      This paper examines the contribution of multinational R&D
 activity in China within an evolving policy environment which increasingly
 emphasizes indigenous innovation and the reduction of dependence on
 foreign sources of technology. This drive to ensure the development of
 Chinese-owned technology in the medium term is an understandable attempt
 by China to move up the value chain from being a major low-cost
 manufacturing node within global production networks and develop a more
 sustainable economic model. On the basis of considerable field
 investigations of multinational R&D centres in Shanghai, consideration is
 given to both the contribution of this activity to innovation and the
 implications for it arising from indigenous innovation policy. Will there
 be unintended consequences arising from a policy which uses market access
 and public procurement to capture elements of global R&D activity within
 China's territory?	     
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1357-1373 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.755829 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.755829 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dieter F. Kogler 
Author-X-Name-First: Dieter F. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kogler 
Author-Name: David L. Rigby 
Author-X-Name-First: David L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rigby 
Author-Name: Isaac Tucker 
Author-X-Name-First: Isaac 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tucker 
Title: Mapping Knowledge Space and Technological Relatedness in US Cities 
Abstract:
	      The accumulation of knowledge is a key driver of
 technological change and economic growth. Significant attention has been
 directed to the processes of knowledge production in a spatial context,
 but little attention has been given to the type of knowledge produced
 within specific places. The objectives of the present study are to map the
 US technology/knowledge space, to examine the evolution of that space over
 the time period 1975--2005, and to investigate the character of knowledge
 cores within US cities. The knowledge space is based on the proximity of
 technology classes, utilizing measures derived from co-classification
 information contained in patent documents. Results show that over time,
 patents increasingly cluster within technology classes that are located
 close to one another in technology space. They also reveal considerable
 heterogeneity in measures of technological specialization across US
 metropolitan areas. In general, smaller cities tend to display higher
 levels of knowledge relatedness, often because invention is controlled by
 a small number of firms with a limited range of technological know-how.
 Larger cities generate knowledge that is more broadly dispersed across the
 US knowledge space. Some cities maintain their technological coherence
 over time, the technological trajectories of others fracture and
 dissipate, while yet in other cities new technology cores emerge and
 develop. Higher levels of technological relatedness (specialization) in
 cities are linked to faster rates of knowledge production and to
 distinctive trajectories of knowledge evolution.	   
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1374-1391 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.755832 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.755832 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Heike Mayer 
Author-X-Name-First: Heike 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mayer 
Title: Firm Building and Entrepreneurship in Second-Tier High-Tech Regions 
Abstract:
	      This paper examines how a second-tier high-technology region
 leveraged corporate assets-mostly from transnational
 firms-in building a knowledge-based economy. The paper reviews how
 firm building and entrepreneurship influence the evolution of a peripheral
 regional economy. Using a case study of Boise, Idaho (the US), the
 research highlights several important sources of entrepreneurship.
 Entrepreneurial firm formation is closely linked with a region's ability
 to grow incubator organizations, particularly innovative firms. These
 innovative firms provide the training ground for entrepreneurs. Firms,
 however, differ and the ways in which firm building activities influence
 regional entrepreneurship depend on firm strategy and organization. Thus,
 second-tier high-tech regions in the US are taking a different path than
 their well-known counterparts such as Silicon Valley or Route 128 around
 Boston.	  
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1392-1417 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.755833 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.755833 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roman Martin 
Author-X-Name-First: Roman 
Author-X-Name-Last: Martin 
Title: Differentiated Knowledge Bases and the Nature of Innovation Networks 
Abstract:
	      It is argued in this paper that the nature of innovation
 networks can vary substantially with regard to the type of knowledge that
 is critical for innovation. Subject to the knowledge base of an industry,
 networks between companies can differ in various aspects, such as their
 geographical configuration, their structure, the type of actors holding a
 strategic position and the type of relations between actors. The paper
 comprises a conceptual discussion on social capital theory and networks,
 followed by a theoretically informed discussion on differentiated
 knowledge bases and innovation networks, which is subsequently illustrated
 with empirical material. The empirical analysis is based on social network
 analysis in association with exclusive data about patterns of cooperation
 and knowledge exchange in a number of regional industries located in
 different parts of Europe. The findings suggest that networks in
 analytical industries are not much constrained by geographical distance;
 knowledge is exchanged in a highly selective manner between research units
 and scientists in globally configured epistemic communities. Synthetic
 industries source knowledge within nationally or regionally configured
 networks between suppliers and customers, and within communities of
 practice. Symbolic industries rely on knowledge that is culturally defined
 and highly context specific, resulting in localized networks that are
 temporary and flexible in nature.	    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1418-1436 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.755836 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.755836 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris van Egeraat 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Egeraat 
Author-Name: Sean O'Riain 
Author-X-Name-First: Sean 
Author-X-Name-Last: O'Riain 
Author-Name: Aphra Kerr 
Author-X-Name-First: Aphra 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kerr 
Title: Social and Spatial Structures of Innovation in the Irish Animation Industry 
Abstract:
	      This paper assesses the relevance of the knowledge base
 conceptualization and the relationship between the symbolic knowledge base
 and the spatiality of knowledge flow in the context of the animation
 industry in Ireland. The paper draws on findings from a study of four
 innovation case studies. In broad terms, the findings provide further
 support for the applicability of the knowledge base approach and the
 association of the animation industry with the symbolic knowledge base.
 However, in relation to the spatiality of knowledge flows, the findings
 contradict the theoretically deduced postulations. Nearly all of the
 knowledge sources are located overseas. In addition, the study finds
 little support for the role of local buzz in knowledge flow. The local
 animation community 'buzzes globally' at international
 events.	  
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1437-1455 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.755838 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.755838 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ju Liu 
Author-X-Name-First: Ju 
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu 
Author-Name: Cristina Chaminade 
Author-X-Name-First: Cristina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chaminade 
Author-Name: Bjorn Asheim 
Author-X-Name-First: Bjorn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Asheim 
Title: The Geography and Structure of Global Innovation Networks: A Knowledge Base Perspective 
Abstract:
	      This paper explores the geography and structure of global
 innovation networks (GINs) of two multinational companies belonging to
 industries with different knowledge bases. It contributes to the existing
 literature on knowledge bases, by studying both intra-firm and inter-firm
 GINs. By means of social network analysis based on primary data, we
 identify two different forms of GINs, namely the globally organized model
 and the locally organized model. The paper finds that, in addition to
 influencing the geographic spread of a GIN, the knowledge base also
 influences the way that a GIN is organized.	      
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1456-1473 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.755842 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.755842 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shin S. Lee 
Author-X-Name-First: Shin S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee 
Author-Name: Christopher J. Webster 
Author-X-Name-First: Christopher J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Webster 
Author-Name: Gonzalo Melián 
Author-X-Name-First: Gonzalo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Melián 
Author-Name: Gabriel Calzada 
Author-X-Name-First: Gabriel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Calzada 
Author-Name: Richard Carr 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carr 
Title: A Property Rights Analysis of Urban Planning in Spain and UK 
Abstract:
				 This study compares urban planning and
 land management in Spain and the UK. Its purpose is to identify key
 differences in the legal bases for these activities in the two countries
 and to comment on the way in which the institutions that deliver them
 allocate property rights between the state and private organizations and
 individuals. In particular, we analyse the respective approaches to
 allocating rights to compensation and betterment value associated with
 land development, commenting on the efficiency and equity of each system
 and, in Coasian tradition, the influence the assignment of property rights
 has on municipal government behaviour. 		       
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1475-1490 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722950 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722950 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Konstantinos A. Melachroinos 
Author-X-Name-First: Konstantinos A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Melachroinos 
Author-Name: Nigel Spence 
Author-X-Name-First: Nigel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Spence 
Title: The Territorial Impact of the Knowledge Economy: Intangibles and Regional Inequality in Great Britain 
Abstract:
				 Knowledge-based activities are an
 important source of national and regional competitiveness. In the UK and
 other European Union countries knowledge industries represent not only one
 of the fastest growing sources of new jobs, but also account for an
 increasing share of Gross Value Added (GVA) and exports. Nonetheless,
 there are also indications that the actual importance of the knowledge
 economy still remains understated. Within the conventional System of
 National Accounts, expenditure on intangible assets, such as research and
 development or human and organizational capital, is not considered either
 as part of GVA or as investment. In the UK, Marrano <italic>et
 al</italic>. (2009) report increased market sector GVA figures by as much
 as 13% in 2004 after treating intangibles as investment. Considering that
 expenditures on intangibles vary considerably across regions, it is likely
 that the territorial impact of this aspect of the knowledge economy has
 remained largely unreported so far. Spatial inequalities in the investment
 in intangibles should result in sharper inequalities in regional output.
 This paper aims to address this issue, first by adjusting the UK regional
 GVA series for investment in intangibles and second by exploring the
 trends in regional economic convergence during the period 1991--2004.	    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1491-1508 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722951 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722951 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kobe Boussauw 
Author-X-Name-First: Kobe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boussauw 
Author-Name: Georges Allaert 
Author-X-Name-First: Georges 
Author-X-Name-Last: Allaert 
Author-Name: Frank Witlox 
Author-X-Name-First: Frank 
Author-X-Name-Last: Witlox 
Title: Colouring Inside What Lines? Interference of the Urban Growth Boundary and the Political--Administrative Border of Brussels 
Abstract:
				 This paper discusses the relationship
 between the political--administrative border and the urban growth boundary
 (UGB) around Brussels, the Belgian capital. Our hypothesis is that the
 interests of the various regions and language groups in Belgium interfere
 strongly with urban planning policies, implying that the administrative
 border of the Brussels-Capital Region (BCR) operates in reality as an
 unintended UGB. Based on demographics, commuter data and property market
 features, we argue that this situation may cause excessive urban
 compaction of the BCR, while spillover effects to municipalities that are
 rather distant from Brussels may result in undesired forms of
 suburbanization and long-distance commuting.		       
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1509-1527 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722952 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722952 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sandrine Ville 
Author-X-Name-First: Sandrine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ville 
Author-Name: Jesus Gonzalez-Feliu 
Author-X-Name-First: Jesus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gonzalez-Feliu 
Author-Name: Laetitia Dablanc 
Author-X-Name-First: Laetitia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dablanc 
Title: The Limits of Public Policy Intervention in Urban Logistics: Lessons from Vicenza (Italy) 
Abstract:
				 For over 15 years, the subject of urban
 logistics has preoccupied many stakeholders, including both private and
 public decision-makers. The purpose of this paper is to present a study of
 the limits of public policy regulations restricting vehicle access to
 limited traffic zones to promote the use of urban consolidation centres
 (UCCs). After examining the main technical and economic aspects of
 implementing an UCC, we present the case of Vicenza (Italy), which has
 implemented very restrictive regulations. We study the municipal
 regulations and their legal consequences, by analysing court rulings
 issued between 2006 and 2009, following a lawsuit brought by an
 association of freight transport carriers due to these restrictions.
 Although this case seems applicable to a specific context, we identify
 several lessons that can be extrapolated to other cities. Therefore, the
 lessons drawn for other urban areas in Europe are presented, and their
 advantages and possible transferability studied.		    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1528-1541 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722954 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722954 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vincent Nadin 
Author-X-Name-First: Vincent 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nadin 
Author-Name: Dominic Stead 
Author-X-Name-First: Dominic 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stead 
Title: Opening up the Compendium: An Evaluation of International Comparative Planning Research Methodologies 
Abstract:
				 It is two decades since the
 <italic>European Compendium of Spatial Planning Systems and
 Policies</italic> was conceived. Since its publication in 1997, the
 <italic>Compendium</italic> has become a widely cited reference in
 comparative planning literature.-super-1 It remains one of the few
 comprehensive reviews of spatial planning policy and practice across
 western Europe. The <italic>Compendium</italic> also represents one of the
 few studies to develop a typology for distinguishing between national
 planning systems. A number of comparative research studies on spatial
 planning have since built on the methodological foundations laid by the
 <italic>Compendium</italic> although its typology of national planning
 systems is not always used or interpreted as originally intended for a
 variety of reasons. In the context of extensive reform of planning
 approaches in Europe, the paper examines what can be learned about
 methodologies for international comparative research in planning based on
 the experience of the <italic>Compendium</italic> study and subsequent
 major comparative planning studies. We conclude that while broad
 typologies remain useful in explaining general trends, they may hide as
 much as they reveal. Future studies should widen the criteria used to
 build ideal types beyond formal characteristics in order to address
 planning in practice.			   
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1542-1561 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722958 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722958 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Lawless 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lawless 
Title: Reconciling "Bottom-Up" Perspectives with "Top-Down" Change Data in Evaluating Area Regeneration Schemes 
Abstract:
				 During the 2000s, policy development in
 the UK was increasingly underpinned by evidence-based research. This was
 seen as providing policy-makers with a more robust scientific base upon
 which to make decisions, although in practice other impulses, such as the
 need to legitimize decisions, proved as important as the evidence base in
 defining policy. Evaluations of area-based initiatives (ABIs) are complex
 because of a range of both generic and operational constraints. England's
 New Deal for Communities (NDC) Programme was subject to a long-term
 evaluation based on a mixed methods research design involving both
 "top-down" quantitative data and "bottom-up" qualitative case-study
 findings examining how regeneration played out at the local level. There
 were marked inconsistencies between the two sets of evidence, due largely
 to local observers being overly optimistic about change associated with
 the Programme's three key design principles: establishing NDC
 Partnerships; working with agencies; and placing the community at the
 heart of the initiative. Findings have implications for evaluating, and
 justifying, ABIs.		      
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1562-1577 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722959 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722959 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Schwartz 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schwartz 
Author-Name: Maximilian Goethner 
Author-X-Name-First: Maximilian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Goethner 
Author-Name: Claus Michelsen 
Author-X-Name-First: Claus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Michelsen 
Author-Name: Nathalie Waldmann 
Author-X-Name-First: Nathalie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Waldmann 
Title: Start-up Competitions as an Instrument of Entrepreneurship Policy: The German Experience 
Abstract:
				 The number of aspiring entrepreneurs in
 high-tech industries who successfully complete the transition from a
 nascent start-up project towards an operational new venture is
 comparatively low in Germany. Since the mid-1990s, policy-makers have
 initiated numerous start-up competitions (SUCs or business plan
 competitions) to facilitate this important step in the venture creation
 process. SUCs have two key objectives. They are aimed at increasing
 start-up activity by motivating potential entrepreneurs, while they should
 also help to increase the likelihood of subsequent entrepreneurial success
 through providing necessary entrepreneurial skills to prospective
 entrepreneurs. With our explorative study, we provide the first
 comprehensive empirical evidence from a cross-sectional survey of existing
 SUCs in Germany. Overall, 71 SUCs are identified which are analysed
 regarding their development, regional distribution, and main structural
 characteristics. Finally, we outline an agenda of future research
 questions concerning the effectiveness and efficiency of SUCs as an
 instrument of entrepreneurship policy. 		      
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1578-1597 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722960 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722960 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Meike Albers 
Author-X-Name-First: Meike 
Author-X-Name-Last: Albers 
Author-Name: Sonja Deppisch 
Author-X-Name-First: Sonja 
Author-X-Name-Last: Deppisch 
Title: Resilience in the Light of Climate Change: Useful Approach or Empty Phrase for Spatial Planning? 
Abstract:
				 In the context of adaptation to climate
 change and spatial planning, the idea of urban and regional resilience has
 been attracting increasing attention because it recognizes both the given
 uncertainty of climate change and the complexity of cities and regions.
 Even if initial attempts have been made to operationalize the concept of
 resilience, a gap exists between the intense theoretical discussion and
 the use of resilience thinking in planning practice. On the basis of a
 discussion of existing attempts that define resilience principles, the
 authors derive eight principles for urban and regional resilience:
 diversity, redundancy, flexibility and adaptability, modularity,
 interdependency, stabilizing and buffering factors, mobility, as well as
 planning and foresight. Referring to two exploratory studies--the City and
 Region of Stockholm (Sweden) and the City and Region of Rostock
 (Germany)--this article aims to explore whether spatial planning already
 contributes to these principles and so to build resilience. The analysis
 shows that spatial planning already contributes to urban and regional
 resilience. Also, the principles, as suggested here, can be used to
 operationalize the idea of resilience. Prospectively, such principles may
 support spatial planning to choose adaptation measures and specific
 objectives and to contribute to urban and regional resilience. 	    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1598-1610 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722961 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722961 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cecilia Pasquinelli 
Author-X-Name-First: Cecilia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pasquinelli 
Author-Name: Jukka Teräs 
Author-X-Name-First: Jukka 
Author-X-Name-Last: Teräs 
Title: Branding Knowledge-intensive Regions: A Comparative Study of Pisa and Oulu High-Tech Brands 
Abstract:
				 Place marketing and branding have drawn
 much attention both in the literature and in practice especially in the
 1990s and 2000s. However, the research literature of place branding
 related to the dynamic evolution of knowledge-intensive regions is
 limited. This article aims at providing an analysis of place branding
 processes in knowledge-intensive regions in relation to the evolution of
 their high-tech clusters, in an attempt to identify the relation between
 brand development and cluster performance from a longitudinal perspective.
 The article discusses the results of a multiple case study, including
 Pisa, Italy and Oulu, Finland<bold>.</bold> The findings suggest that, in
 these two cases, branding consisted more in labelling an existing economic
 phenomenon rather than in fostering or having a bet on it in a visionary
 way. This is related to the political nature of branding which may provoke
 a mismatch between the timing of the high-tech cluster dynamics and the
 timing of branding initiatives, a mismatch which is likely to affect
 branding effectiveness and which should be considered when evaluating
 branding impacts.		     
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1611-1629 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722962 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722962 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ingmar van Meerkerk 
Author-X-Name-First: Ingmar 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Meerkerk 
Author-Name: Beitske Boonstra 
Author-X-Name-First: Beitske 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boonstra 
Author-Name: Jurian Edelenbos 
Author-X-Name-First: Jurian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Edelenbos 
Title: Self-Organization in Urban Regeneration: A Two-Case Comparative Research 
Abstract:
				 Urban regeneration processes in which
 local stakeholders take the lead are interesting for realizing tailor made
 and sustainable urban regeneration, but are also faced with serious
 difficulties. We use the concept of self-organization from complexity
 theory to examine the relationship between local stakeholders' initiatives
 and vital urban regeneration processes. We conducted a two-case
 comparative research, Caterham Barracks and Broad Street Business
 Improvement Districts Birmingham (UK), in which local stakeholders take
 the lead. We analyse the evolution of these regeneration processes by
 using two different manifestations of self-organization: autopoietic and
 dissipative self-organization. We found that a balanced interplay between
 autopoietic and dissipative self-organization of local stakeholders is
 important for vital urban regeneration processes to establish. We
 elaborate four explanatory conditions for this interplay. These conditions
 provide at the one hand stability and identity development, but also the
 needed connections with established actors and institutions around urban
 regeneration and flexibility to adjust to evolving demands during the
 process of regeneration. However, consolidation of such initiatives does
 mean a challenge for existing structures for the government, market and
 society that will need to adapt and change their roles to new governance
 realities. In this way self-organizing processes become meaningful in the
 regeneration of urban areas.			
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1630-1652 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722963 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722963 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emilie-Pauline Gallié 
Author-X-Name-First: Emilie-Pauline 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gallié 
Author-Name: Anna Glaser 
Author-X-Name-First: Anna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Glaser 
Author-Name: Valérie Mérindol 
Author-X-Name-First: Valérie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mérindol 
Author-Name: Thierry Weil 
Author-X-Name-First: Thierry 
Author-X-Name-Last: Weil 
Title: How Do Pre-existing R&D Activities in a Region Influence the Performance of Cluster Initiatives? The Case of French Competitiveness Clusters 
Abstract:
				 This article explores the diversity of 66
 French competitiveness clusters, which were all accredited in 2005
 according to the same specifications, by characterizing the initial
 context in which they emerged and taking a close look at the link between
 this initial context and their current performance. Since French
 competitiveness cluster policy is based on state co-funding of R&D
 projects, we establish a typology based on a multiple component analysis
 and a hierarchical ascending classification of the R&D potential of the
 cluster's territory, the respective R&D efforts of companies and academic
 laboratories, the kinds of actors setting up the cluster and their
 pre-existing relationships. We then measure the differences among the five
 classes relating to their clusters' capacity to obtain state funding for
 their projects. Our results show that initial context can partially
 explain competitiveness clusters' performance. Competitiveness clusters in
 territories possessing significant R&D resources, and involving large
 companies capable of organizing projects, are the most efficient in
 obtaining state funding. In contrast, competitiveness clusters without
 prior cooperation experience perform poorly.			
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1653-1675 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722939 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722939 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joaquín M. Azagra-Caro 
Author-X-Name-First: Joaquín M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Azagra-Caro 
Author-Name: Dimitrios Pontikakis 
Author-X-Name-First: Dimitrios 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pontikakis 
Author-Name: Attila Varga 
Author-X-Name-First: Attila 
Author-X-Name-Last: Varga 
Title: Delocalization Patterns in University--Industry Interaction: Evidence from the Sixth R&D Framework Programme 
Abstract:
				 Increasing university--industry
 interaction (UII) and university contribution to the local economy are
 compatible--conventional wisdom would say. However, similar to other
 university activities, interaction with industry may be limited due to a
 lack of absorptive capacity in local firms. The data of those
 participating in the European Union's (EU's) Sixth R&D Framework Programme
 (FP6) were used to obtain values for the number and, notably, the budgets
 of UII projects at the regional level for the EU27. Two types of
 interactions were considered: inside and outside the region. Our analysis
 indicates that universities from regions whose firms have low absorptive
 capacity participate more often in FP6 projects with firms outside the
 region. Our results highlight the value of policies that facilitate firm
 R&D to enhance collaboration with regional universities.		    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1676-1701 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722949 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722949 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthias Brachert 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthias 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brachert 
Author-Name: Uwe Cantner 
Author-X-Name-First: Uwe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cantner 
Author-Name: Holger Graf 
Author-X-Name-First: Holger 
Author-X-Name-Last: Graf 
Author-Name: Jutta Günther 
Author-X-Name-First: Jutta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Günther 
Author-Name: Michael Schwartz 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schwartz 
Title: Which Regions Benefit from Emerging Industries? 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1703-1707 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.854944 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.854944 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Claus Michelsen 
Author-X-Name-First: Claus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Michelsen 
Author-Name: Harald Wolf 
Author-X-Name-First: Harald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wolf 
Author-Name: Michael Schwartz 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schwartz 
Title: Regional Entrepreneurial Opportunities in the Biotech Industry: Exploring the Transition from Award-Winning Nascent Entrepreneurs to Real Start-Ups 
Abstract:
				 Knowledge of factors that determine the
 transition from nascent entrepreneurship to real entrepreneurship is of
 major importance for policies aiming to stimulate start-ups effectively.
 Scholars have concentrated mainly on person-specific factors to explain
 transition probabilities, and environmental characteristics have been
 relatively neglected. Given that entrepreneurship is a strongly localized
 phenomenon, this paper argues that regional entrepreneurial opportunities
 are a driving force behind the transition from nascent entrepreneurship to
 new venture creation. Based on unique data from 103 nascent entrepreneurs
 in the German biotechnology industry, we empirically assess the importance
 of regional entrepreneurial opportunities for transition probabilities.
 Further, we introduce a new approach to measure nascent entrepreneurship
 by capturing details of individuals who participate actively in start-up
 competitions and have won at least one of these. Controlling for
 technology and individual characteristics, we find strong support for our
 hypotheses relating to the significant impact of general regional
 opportunities, specific regional opportunities and the entrepreneurial
 environment on the probability of transition from award-winning nascent
 entrepreneurs to real start-ups.			
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1708-1734 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.753693 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.753693 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dirk Engel 
Author-X-Name-First: Dirk 
Author-X-Name-Last: Engel 
Author-Name: Timo Mitze 
Author-X-Name-First: Timo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mitze 
Author-Name: Roberto Patuelli 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Patuelli 
Author-Name: Janina Reinkowski 
Author-X-Name-First: Janina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Reinkowski 
Title: Does Cluster Policy Trigger R&D Activity? Evidence from German Biotech Contests 
Abstract:
				 This article evaluates the research and
 development (R&D) enhancing effects of two large public grant schemes for
 the German biotechnology industry (BioRegio and BioProfile). Both grant
 schemes are organized in the form of contents for cooperation and aimed at
 fostering the performance of innovative firms by their organization in
 research clusters. We apply a difference-in-differences estimation
 technique in a generalized linear model framework, which allows us to
 control for different initial regional conditions in R&D activity of the
 biotech sector. Our econometric findings support the view that winners
 generally outperform non-winning participants during the treatment period,
 thus indicating that exclusive funding as well as the stimulating effect
 of being a "winner" have positive effects on R&D activity in the
 short-term. Apart from this direct winner effect, for the non-winning
 participants no beneficial indirect effect due to a mobilization of local
 actors during the application phase could be detected. Finally, first
 attempts in estimating the long-term effects of the contests for
 cooperation approach on the winner regions' R&D activity in the
 post-treatment period show ambiguous results.			
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1735-1759 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.753689 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.753689 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Wyrwich 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wyrwich 
Title: The Role of Regional Conditions for Newly Emerging KIBS Industries in the Face of Radical Institutional Change 
Abstract:
				 This paper is devoted to analysing the
 effect of regional conditions on start-up activities in the
 knowledge-intensive business service (KIBS) industries. The region under
 analysis is the former German Democratic Republic (GDR), which experienced
 a "shock transition" of the institutional framework in the course of its
 reunification with the Federal Republic of Germany in 1990. KIBS
 industries did not exist in the former GDR. The results show that KIBS
 start-up activity emerged in densely populated areas and in regions with a
 large market size. The regional stock of knowledge has a significant
 positive effect on start-up activity as well. Altogether, the findings
 show that regional conditions matter even if the economic system that
 shaped these conditions followed completely different guiding principles
 from a market economy. 		   
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1760-1778 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.753694 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.753694 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sebastian Henn 
Author-X-Name-First: Sebastian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Henn 
Title: Transnational Entrepreneurs and the Emergence of Clusters in Peripheral Regions. The Case of the Diamond Cutting Cluster in Gujarat (India) 
Abstract:
				 This paper argues that through their
 close-knit community networks transnational entrepreneurs can transfer
 focused knowledge about external markets and technologies over great
 geographical distances at low costs. When integrating this external
 knowledge with the knowledge flows between their peers at a given
 location, they can shape the preconditions for the emergence of clusters
 even at places that do not appear to have any industry-specific amenities
 at all. In general, such patterns of cluster evolution are of particular
 importance in labour-intensive manufacturing sectors in developing
 countries or emerging markets which are characterized by low labour costs
 and a lack of knowledge in production techniques. The empirical part of
 this paper focuses on the evolution of the diamond cutting cluster in the
 Indian state of Gujarat which only developed after World War II but today
 is the world's most important location for diamond manufacturing. The
 study is based on semi-structured interviews with 120 diamond firm
 representatives and workers in Mumbai, Surat, New York and Antwerp, as
 well as on an analysis of immigration files from the Antwerp city
 archives.			   
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1779-1795 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.753690 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.753690 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Antje Klitkou 
Author-X-Name-First: Antje 
Author-X-Name-Last: Klitkou 
Author-Name: Lars Coenen 
Author-X-Name-First: Lars 
Author-X-Name-Last: Coenen 
Title: The Emergence of the Norwegian Solar Photovoltaic Industry in a Regional Perspective 
Abstract:
				 Norway has built up a remarkable solar
 photovoltaic (PV) industry over the last 15 years with central industrial
 players such as the Renewable Energy Corporation Group and Elkem.
 Norwegian companies are mainly active in manufacturing materials for solar
 cells, but also other elements of the value chain for solar PVs, such as
 manufacturing of solar cells, recycling of silicone and of solar cells
 have become a business target. Analyses of industry and innovation
 dynamics in renewable energy technology have been dominated by the
 technological innovation systems (TISs) approach. This paper seeks to
 complement existing TIS analyses by drawing explicitly on the regional
 innovation system approach to analyse the spatially differentiated
 development of solar PV industry in Norway. The historical account of the
 Norwegian PV industry and network analyses of its knowledge dynamics
 display a marked spatial pattern of both intra- and inter-regional
 industrial development. With its origin in Oslo-based Elkem, an industrial
 branching process took place which partly reinforced the Oslo region as a
 localized cluster for the PV industry and partly initiated the built-up of
 industrial activities in other regions. The latter process illustrates how
 PV industry emergence drew on knowledge spillovers from incumbent process
 industries through related variety. In contrast, the former drew to a
 great extent on urbanization advantages because of the regional knowledge
 infrastructure in and around Oslo. While this spatial unevenness perhaps
 has facilitated the built-up of industry, it also poses considerable
 limitations and challenges in the longer term. 			
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1796-1819 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.753691 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.753691 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthias Brachert 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthias 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brachert 
Author-Name: Christoph Hornych 
Author-X-Name-First: Christoph 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hornych 
Author-Name: Peter Franz 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Franz 
Title: Regions as Selection Environments? The Emergence of the Solar Industry in Germany from 1992 to 2008 
Abstract:
				 The spatial evolution of the German solar
 industry is analysed in the light of the "window of locational
 opportunity" and the "selection environment" approach. The paper argues
 that differences in the regions' ability to promote the emergence of local
 external economies contribute to increasing regional differentiation in
 the German structure of the industry. Applied empirical methods enclose
 longitudinal firm entry and network analysis. A special focus is given
 upon the realignment processes in the science system. Our findings show a
 relatively rapid spatial concentration of production in eastern Germany
 since the year 2000. This process is accompanied by intensified networking
 between firms and between firms and universities as well as research
 institutes. The responsiveness of regional institutions and the
 self-organizing capabilities of the solar firms substantiate some
 propositions of the "selection environment" approach.			  
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1820-1837 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.753688 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.753688 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:11:p:1820-1837




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mark Knell 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Knell 
Title: Multi-Source Energy Networks and the ICT Revolution 
Abstract:
				 Oil and gas provided the cheap energy
 source for the era of mass production and consumption and the first half
 of the information and communication technology (ICT) revolution. However,
 increasing scarcity and the addition of carbon pollution taxes are making
 this source of energy more costly, while economies of scale, the Internet
 and the use of microprocessors are making multi-source renewable energy
 networks an attractive alternative. How might the emergence of low-carbon
 energy generation technologies, such as solar photovoltaic fit into the
 current techno-economic paradigm? This article explores some of the
 possibilities and anticipates how the ICT revolution might unfold over the
 next decades.			  
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1838-1852 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.753692 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.753692 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Klimis Vogiatzoglou 
Author-X-Name-First: Klimis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vogiatzoglou 
Author-Name: Theodore Tsekeris 
Author-X-Name-First: Theodore 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsekeris 
Title: Spatial Agglomeration of Manufacturing in Greece: Sectoral Patterns and Determinants 
Abstract:
		      <italic>This article aims to demonstrate how the
 industry characteristics of manufacturing sectors affect the patterns of
 their spatial agglomeration. It also addresses several intricate issues
 concerning the measurement of localization economies and estimation of
 their main determinants in manufacturing industries. The original
 empirical analysis employs annual industrial data from the Hellenic
 Statistical Authority (ELSTAT) during the period 1993--2006 in Greece at
 the prefecture level, i.e. for 51 prefectures. The data processing reveals
 three important findings. The first is the temporal persistence of
 localization economies in the Greek manufacturing. The second refers to
 the high level of agglomeration associated with the high-technology
 industries as well as the resource- and scale-intensive industries.
 Lastly, there are significant effects of industry characteristics related
 to knowledge externalities, labour skills and productivity, scale
 economies and own-transport expenditure on spatial agglomeration, as
 resulted from the use of alternative geographic concentration indices and
 panel data models. Results obtained have implications for policy-makers,
 who can enhance the regional manufacturing activity by affecting these
 industry-specific factors. Amongst others, planning measures and policies
 which aim at promoting the local development and regional convergence
 should focus on reducing transport costs for firms or sectors, by
 improving the infrastructure capacity, interconnectivity and quality of
 services.</italic>						      
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1853-1872 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722964 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722964 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emma Folmer 
Author-X-Name-First: Emma 
Author-X-Name-Last: Folmer 
Author-Name: Anne Risselada 
Author-X-Name-First: Anne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Risselada 
Title: Planning the Neighbourhood Economy: Land-Use Plans and the Economic Potential of Urban Residential Neighbourhoods in the Netherlands 
Abstract:
				 This article
 investigates the relationship between zoning by-laws, as put forward in
 governmental land-use plans and the viability of urban residential
 neighbourhood economies. The Dutch planning tradition has long been
 characterized by strict separation of functions and top-down planning. We
 argue that profound changes in social and economic structures make
 land-use planning practices less suitable for the current policy formula
 of "mixed urban milieus". Although the residential neighbourhood might not
 be the location of large firms, it definitely attracts small ones, and
 facilitates starting businesses whose presence (and potential growth) can
 be beneficial to the city as a whole. We present a typology of spatial
 patterns of neighbourhood economies based on land-use plans and describe
 whether these are related to the distinctive economic development of the
 neighbourhood over the period 1999--2007.			   
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1873-1894 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722965 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722965 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anli Ataov 
Author-X-Name-First: Anli 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ataov 
Author-Name: Svein-Tore Kristiansen 
Author-X-Name-First: Svein-Tore 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kristiansen 
Title: In Search for a Common Ground: An Empirical Derived Model of the Formation of Common Ground among Voluntary Exchange Relation 
Abstract:
				 Knowledge
 generation is one of the main forces in collaboration, because people
 connect to each other in such a process under the spell of the collective
 knowledge constructed through conversation. The process of collective
 knowledge construction itself becomes a conversational process. We argue
 that such a process transforms underorganized exchange relations into
 organized group action when a common ground is built upon a shared
 meaning. To illustrate this, we present two cases of collaborative
 processes: the strategic planning process of Ankara in Turkey and the
 inter-firm network formation of electronics and software industries in
 Vestfold County in Norway.			
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1895-1918 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 12  
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722931 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722931 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:12:p:1895-1918




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arne Isaksen 
Author-X-Name-First: Arne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Isaksen 
Author-Name: Magnus Nilsson 
Author-X-Name-First: Magnus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nilsson 
Title: Combined Innovation Policy: Linking Scientific and Practical Knowledge in Innovation Systems 
Abstract:
				 New research
 indicates that firms combining the science-based STI (Science, Technology,
 Innovation) and the experience-based DUI (Doing, Using, Interacting) modes
 of innovation are more efficient when it comes to improving innovation
 capacity and competitiveness. With regard to innovation policy, the STI
 mode calls for a supply-driven policy, typically aimed to commercialize
 research results. The DUI mode suggests a demand-driven policy approach,
 such as supporting the development of new products or services to specific
 markets. This article analyses how the two types of innovation policies
 and the two innovation modes can be combined in regional innovation
 systems (RISs). The analysis builds on studies of the food industry and
 related knowledge organizations in two counties, Rogaland County (Norway)
 and Skåne County (Sweden), and two policy initiatives (NCE Culinology and
 Skåne Food Innovation Network) aimed at strengthening the innovative
 capability of the RISs. The analysis indicates that policies aimed to link
 science- and user-driven innovation activity should focus on building
 absorptive capacity of DUI firms (e.g. through increased scientific
 competence) and implementation capacity of STI firms (e.g. through
 increased market and process competence).		       
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1919-1936 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722966 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722966 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ersin Türk 
Author-X-Name-First: Ersin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Türk 
Author-Name: Hüseyin Murat &Ccedil;elik 
Author-X-Name-First: Hüseyin Murat 
Author-X-Name-Last: &Ccedil;elik 
Title: Impacts of Planners' Different Viewpoints on Optimum Land-Use Allocation 
Abstract:
				 Development of
 different viewpoints/perspectives in the planning process and discussion
 of their empirical results will allow creation of "better land-use plans".
 In this sense, one of the deficiencies met by the land-use planners is
 lack of decision support system that can analyse the empirical results of
 different viewpoints analytically. The aim of this study is to analyse
 impacts between planners' different viewpoints and the optimum land-uses
 allocation empirically and analytically. The study uses a generalized land
 assignment model formulated by Hanink and Cromley (1998) [Land-use
 allocation in the absence of complete market values, <italic>Journal of
 Regional Science</italic>, 38(3), pp. 465--480] that integrates the
 geographical information systems with multi-criteria decision-making
 techniques in Cesme/Izmir in Turkey. The study results indicated that the
 model is very useful to analyse impacts between planners' viewpoint and
 optimum land-use allocation.			     
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1937-1957 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722967 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722967 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:12:p:1937-1957




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Teemu Makkonen 
Author-X-Name-First: Teemu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Makkonen 
Author-Name: Tommi Inkinen 
Author-X-Name-First: Tommi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Inkinen 
Title: Innovative Capacity, Educational Attainment and Economic Development in the European Union: Causal Relations and Geographical Variations 
Abstract:
				 This article sets
 out to examine the innovative capacity of the European Union (EU)
 countries and regions vis-à-vis educational attainment and economic
 development, as it is frequently stated that innovation and the
 availability of human capital, specifically education, are the key drivers
 of economic growth. In addition to the aggregate level, the countries and
 NUTS-2 regions of the EU, and traditional indicators of the studied
 dimensions, were used as observation units. Granger causality tests
 identified education as a driving force behind innovative capacity and
 economic development, whereas the relationship between innovative capacity
 and economic development is bidirectional. The study results also confirm
 the existence of innovation paradoxes in form of rising research and
 development expenditures but modest rate of gross domestic product growth.
 The implications of the results concern the recognition of spatial
 generalizations and national variations, identification and creation of
 development strategies and the horizontal and vertical collaborations
 between the public and private sectors.			
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1958-1976 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722968 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722968 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Neil Lee 
Author-X-Name-First: Neil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee 
Author-Name: Emma Drever 
Author-X-Name-First: Emma 
Author-X-Name-Last: Drever 
Title: The Creative Industries, Creative Occupations and Innovation in London 
Abstract:
				 London is a global
 hub of the creative industries. These industries are seen as both
 innovative in themselves and an input in innovation processes in other
 sectors. Yet few studies have tested these relationships. This article
 investigates these issues using large-scale survey data for London. Using
 four measures of product and process innovation, we find no evidence that
 London's creative industries are more innovative than other sectors. Yet,
 individuals doing creative occupations in other sectors are a robust
 driver of product innovation in London's firms. The results suggest that
 occupations performed in London may be an important driver of product
 innovation in the city, and firms in other sectors may use creative
 occupations to develop new products in the capital. This finding is
 supportive of policies attempting to stimulate the creative industries by
 integrating creative occupations into firms across the whole economy.	    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1977-1997 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722969 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722969 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:12:p:1977-1997




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ioannis Spilanis 
Author-X-Name-First: Ioannis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Spilanis 
Author-Name: Thanasis Kizos 
Author-X-Name-First: Thanasis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kizos 
Author-Name: Michail Vaitis 
Author-X-Name-First: Michail 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vaitis 
Author-Name: Nikoletta Koukourouvli 
Author-X-Name-First: Nikoletta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Koukourouvli 
Title: Measuring the Economic, Social and Environmental Performance of European Island Regions: Emerging Issues for European and Regional Policy 
Abstract:
				 Islands in the European Union (EU) are
 very diverse, with many small or very small islands and are recognized as
 territories facing particular development challenges. In this study, we
 seek to compare the state and the attractiveness of island administration
 units in their national and EU context and highlight their divergence in
 different dimensions, building on existing analysis of the European
 Commission and of ESPON, using more indicators than the GDP per capita.
 The assessment is performed with the use of five different indexes: one
 for the state of development, one for changes during 2000--2006 and three
 for the attractiveness of islands (direct effects of insularity to
 attractiveness, indirect effects and natural and cultural potential of
 islands). Findings for economy demonstrate that islands with better
 economic performance either specialize in a low added value activity
 (tourism), or have their GDP "boosted" by exogenous influences (duty free
 area, oil extraction or the public sector). For attractiveness, most of
 the islands perform very low and the situation of small islands and
 archipelagos is worse. Since insularity can be considered as a permanent,
 natural feature affecting negatively, directly and indirectly, most of the
 factors that make islands attractive, the need for a territorial policy
 emerges.			 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1998-2019 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722970 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722970 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Pemberton 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pemberton 
Author-Name: Janice Morphet 
Author-X-Name-First: Janice 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morphet 
Title: Libertarian Paternalism as a Tool to Explore Strategic Sub-Regional Planning in England? 
Abstract:
				 Across Europe, a
 series of revisions and realignments are currently taking place in
 sub-national governance structures. In England, this involves the creation
 of a new scalar construct through the dismantling of the regional tier and
 the creation of new sub-regional institutions. Through focusing on the
 move towards subsidiarity, this article considers the extent to which
 libertarian paternalism--or "don't do anything unless you have to"--and
 the adoption of some of these key principles by the UK government--can
 help to illuminate and explain such contemporary processes of
 restructuring and rescaling of governance. In turn, the article considers
 (i) the form, process and outcomes of planning practices within this
 restructuring; and (ii) the implications arising in respect of the
 democratic accountability and strategic efficiency of the new
 arrangements, and the interests that are being privileged therein.	    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2020-2036 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722971 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722971 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:12:p:2020-2036




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fulvio Coltorti 
Author-X-Name-First: Fulvio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Coltorti 
Title: Italian Industry, Decline or Transformation? A Framework 
Abstract:
				 Debates over
 Italian growth (or lack thereof) are often conducted without due regard
 for the facts and statistics on which they are based. For instance, those
 who see Italy as being in decline lament the static production, the lack
 of increase in productivity, the loss of share in international markets
 and the lack of sophistication in industrial goods compared with high-tech
 products. Some call for greater emphasis on services, others want
 manufacturing to be abandoned, while others see the future in artisanship.
 These issues are important, because flawed judgement of Italian
 performance could lead to deterioration in the results expected at the
 critical financial market phases, beyond what might be justified by the
 facts. The purpose of this article is to establish a micro- and
 macro-framework to interpret the problems correctly, given the
 inconsistency of statistical data currently used, and to offer some
 solutions for long-term growth. The latter, in particular, should be seen
 in the context of a transformation process, induced on the one hand by the
 crisis in large-scale enterprise, and on the other by the emergence of a
 new class of medium-sized businesses, dubbed the "fourth capitalism", with
 high innovation capabilities. The transformation that the Italian
 industrial system is experiencing enables the country to maintain its
 share of global markets. The new production structure originates largely
 from local production systems, is family-owned and tends to borrow little,
 operate in networks and retain its local roots, which is precisely why it
 represents a new and efficient driver of Italian growth.		    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2037-2077 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722972 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722972 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:12:p:2037-2077




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thanos Fragkandreas 
Author-X-Name-First: Thanos 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fragkandreas 
Title: When Innovation Does Not Pay Off: Introducing the "European Regional Paradox" 
Abstract:
				 In the last few
 decades, innovation has been widely recognized to be the engine of wealth
 and prosperity as it intensifies competition and increases productivity,
 which both in turn lead to significant economic benefits such as higher
 income per capita and increased employment. However, empirical evidence in
 this article illustrates that innovation seems not to have paid-off for
 some of the most innovative regions in Europe, as these regions, despite
 being highly innovative, grow at a slower pace than their national
 counterparts, as well as presenting poor economic outcomes such as low
 income per capita and high unemployment rates. The aim of this article is
 to communicate this intriguing observation to both innovation scholars and
 to policy-makers, since its very existence seems to cast doubt not only on
 one of the most principal assumptions in the field of innovation studies
 (i.e. innovation as the engine of growth) but also on one of the most
 fundamental pillars currently underpinning several regional, national and
 supranational economic policies.			
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2078-2086 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 21 
Year: 2013 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.741566 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.741566 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:21:y:2013:i:12:p:2078-2086




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Liang-Chih Chen 
Author-X-Name-First: Liang-Chih 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen 
Author-Name: Zi-Xin Lin 
Author-X-Name-First: Zi-Xin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lin 
Title: Examining the Role of Geographical Proximity in a Cluster's Transformation Process: The Case of Taiwan's Machine Tool Industry 
Abstract:
				 This paper examines the relationship
 between geographical proximity and a cluster's sustained dynamism with a
 specific focus on the role of geographical proximity in the transformation
 of cluster firms' production and learning organizations. Using Taiwan's
 machine tool cluster as an empirical case, this article studies the nature
 of various intra- and extra-cluster technological networks established by
 local firms to tackle the cluster's developmental inertia. In contrast to
 most recent studies that seem to consider geographical proximity less
 relevant to the sustained prosperity of incumbent clusters, our case study
 finds that geographical proximity continues to be a critical factor
 underlying agglomerated firms' capacity to maintain and explore diverse
 capabilities within and outside the clusters. On the one hand, co-location
 allows these firms and their coupled actors to experiment with a range of
 technological networks and organizational forms in the face of the
 changing competitive conditions. On the other hand, while the spatial
 boundaries of important technological networks in the cluster are not
 necessarily confined to the locality, we find that geographical proximity
 among networked members is the key to the emergence of and better
 governing over those crucial extra-cluster networks. In addition to
 responding to the call for empirical work exploring the relationships
 between geographical proximity and non-geographical proximity in knowledge
 creation and exchange, this article contributes to the cluster literature
 by providing evidence on the evolution of clusters and whether the
 advantages associated with geographical clustering persist over time.	    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1-19 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722973 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722973 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:22:y:2014:i:1:p:1-19




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arkadiusz Michal Kowalski 
Author-X-Name-First: Arkadiusz Michal 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kowalski 
Author-Name: Andrzej Marcinkowski 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrzej 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marcinkowski 
Title: Clusters versus Cluster Initiatives, with Focus on the ICT Sector in Poland 
Abstract:
				 The article focuses on the topic of
 clustering, which has become a popular concept, both from the academic and
 political perspective, and as an efficient business model. The distinction
 between clusters, understood as geographical concentrations of specific
 industries, and cluster initiatives, understood as more formalized actions
 undertaken by regional actors, is proposed. The primary objective of this
 study is to verify if these two types of structures are overlapping each
 other. This problem arises because the motivation for forming some cluster
 initiatives may be different economic policy instruments rather than
 existing market potential of a specific regional economy. The study finds
 that not all of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) cluster
 initiatives in Poland represent real concentration of ICT-related
 divisions included in statistical classification of economic activities in
 the European community Rev. 2 classification, as measured by location
 quotients (LQs) for indicators on employment, firms' incomes and number of
 enterprises. However, there is a visible pattern that the LQs are higher
 in smaller geographic areas (NUTS 4 (Nomenclature of units for territorial
 statistics)), which usually represent big cities, being the cores of
 cluster initiatives. The study also discusses the phenomenon of the
 internationalization of clusters and the value added to that process from
 forming formalized cluster initiatives, which create favourable
 institutional framework for transborder cooperation.			 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 20-45 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.731040 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.731040 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Counsell 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Counsell 
Author-Name: Graham Haughton 
Author-X-Name-First: Graham 
Author-X-Name-Last: Haughton 
Author-Name: Philip Allmendinger 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Allmendinger 
Title: Growth Management in Cork Through Boom, Bubble and Bust 
Abstract:
				 This paper develops a novel framework for
 analysing how planning became implicated in the Irish boom, bubble and
 bust years, as planners and politicians alike focused on generating
 positive visions for the future, whilst variously working to displace,
 defer and transfer the political tensions of the present. Empirically we
 focus on both national planning reforms and the high hopes for city
 regional planning in Cork Ireland after the publication of an innovative,
 non-statutory strategic plan in 2001. A decade or so later, the plan has
 faltered, unable to broker a sustained commitment to its core principles
 from all partners. The reasons for this, we argue, relate to the wider
 problems of planning in Ireland during the Celtic Tiger years, as an
 economic boom got translated into a property bubble, something that few
 officials cared to recognize or challenge publicly at the time. There
 were, however, doubters--but they were sidelined or vilified. Framing our
 analysis in terms of recent literature on soft spaces and post-politics,
 we argue that soft space planning for metropolitan Cork exposes
 deep-seated problems in Irish planning.		       
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 46-63 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722975 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722975 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Davide Antonioli 
Author-X-Name-First: Davide 
Author-X-Name-Last: Antonioli 
Author-Name: Alberto Marzucchi 
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marzucchi 
Author-Name: Sandro Montresor 
Author-X-Name-First: Sandro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Montresor 
Title: Regional Innovation Policy and Innovative Behaviour: Looking for Additional Effects 
Abstract:
				 This paper aims to evaluate the
 additionality of innovation policy in terms of innovative behaviours at
 the regional level. Innovative behaviours are identified both within and
 across firm and regional boundaries. The role of policy is evaluated for a
 sample of firms in the Italian region of Emilia--Romagna (ER), exploiting
 an original, survey-based data set. Propensity score matching is applied
 to investigate the effects of an innovation subsidy. Funded firms are
 found to be more likely to upgrade their competencies, compared with
 similar non-subsidized firms. On the other hand, in most cases, innovation
 cooperation with other business partners within or outside the region is
 not significantly affected by policy. Ultimately, the investigated
 innovation policy in the ER region seems to show what might be termed
 "cognitive capacity additionality", rather than "network additionality".   
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 64-83 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722977 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722977 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:22:y:2014:i:1:p:64-83




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henk-Jan Kooij 
Author-X-Name-First: Henk-Jan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kooij 
Author-Name: Kristof Van Assche 
Author-X-Name-First: Kristof 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Assche 
Author-Name: Arnoud Lagendijk 
Author-X-Name-First: Arnoud 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lagendijk 
Title: Open Concepts as Crystallization Points and Enablers of Discursive Configurations: The Case of the Innovation Campus in the Netherlands 
Abstract:
				 In this paper, we reflect on the role of
 concepts in spatial planning as reproductive devices of discursive
 configurations. In contrast to instrumentalist interpretations of spatial
 concepts, we start from the idea that spatial planning concepts are
 inherently political. Building on post-structuralist strands of thought,
 we discuss the theoretical concepts of "empty signifier" and "master
 signifier" and instead, after analysis, put forward "open concepts", in
 order to grasp the richness of meanings and functions of seemingly vague
 concepts. This manoeuvre allows us to analyse the trajectory and
 performance of the spatial concept of the "innovation campus" in the
 Netherlands. This, in turn, opens the door to an analysis of planning
 concepts as crystallization points and enablers of discursive
 configurations. The Dutch innovation campus is shown to be a result of a
 confluence of various national and international discourses, an open
 concept, flexible enough to enable the continuation of the planning game
 within the familiar set of coordinates. Because of the particular set of
 expectations associated with the innovation campus, promising structural
 change, it is bound to produce disappointment. 		     
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 84-100 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.731039 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.731039 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:22:y:2014:i:1:p:84-100




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miika Varis 
Author-X-Name-First: Miika 
Author-X-Name-Last: Varis 
Author-Name: Timo Tohmo 
Author-X-Name-First: Timo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tohmo 
Author-Name: Hannu Littunen 
Author-X-Name-First: Hannu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Littunen 
Title: Arriving at the Dawn of the New Economy: Is Knowledge-Based Industrial Renewal Possible in a Peripheral Region? 
Abstract:
				 In the contemporary knowledge economy,
 characterized by both globalization and localization of economic
 activities, the ability of both firms and their respective regions to
 adapt to changes in their external environment and to retain their
 competitiveness is closely related to their capacity to innovate and to
 continually upgrade existing structures, practices and knowledge bases. In
 this respect, co-location of firms operating in the new
 knowledge-intensive sectors is typically considered to be beneficial for
 both the firms themselves and for their respective regional economies. In
 this study, we considered whether knowledge-based industrial renewal is
 possible in peripheral regions. The empirical study was designed to
 identify tendencies towards and potential concentrations of new
 knowledge-intensive industries in the relatively peripheral region of
 Pohjois-Savo in Finland. The strength of such tendencies was determined by
 employing the Herfindahl index and location-quotient methods. The analysis
 indicates that while the more traditional industries still appear to be
 dominating the region's economic landscape, the new knowledge-intensive
 industries have gained at least a foothold in the region, indicating a
 potential target for local policymakers' further development efforts.
 Pohjois-Savo can be considered to be a typical Finnish region,
 characterized by a large central city with a university, a few smaller
 sub-regional centres and the surrounding large rural periphery. However,
 earlier literature with the same focus is lacking and regional strategies
 and entrepreneurial structures differ in different regions; thus, we
 cannot establish whether these conclusions hold in other regions in
 Finland or how applicable these results are in an international context.   
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 101-125 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.731041 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.731041 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Knut Hidle 
Author-X-Name-First: Knut 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hidle 
Author-Name: Einar Leknes 
Author-X-Name-First: Einar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Leknes 
Title: Policy Strategies for New Regionalism: Different Spatial Logics for Cultural and Business Policies in Norwegian City Regions 
Abstract:
				 This article asks about differences and
 similarities in the way cultural policy and business policy deal with
 regions in Norwegian city regions. The article discusses New Regionalism
 as a particular spatial practice, and stresses the difference between
 regionalism as a bottom-up process driven by local stakeholders and
 regionalization as a top-down process driven by state bodies. The role and
 significance of New Regionalism in city-regional policy-making is
 investigated. Empirical findings shows that cultural policy at the
 city-regional level is still under strong influence from a top-down state
 regionalization, while business policy at the city-regional level is, to a
 large extent, an example of bottom-up regionalism. The spatial logic of
 these two policy-fields differs from each other. Business policy rests on
 an interpretation of region/place as a container of established networks,
 relations and interactions that should be coordinated in order to
 strengthen the region in its competition with other regions. Cultural
 policy rests on another interpretation that is not territorial in the same
 degree, but rather on a logic that place/region is created as relations
 between persons, groups and institutions within a geographical scope that
 is not predefined and fixed with borders and boundaries.		    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 126-142 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.741565 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.741565 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:22:y:2014:i:1:p:126-142




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Isabel Díez-Vial 
Author-X-Name-First: Isabel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Díez-Vial 
Author-Name: Marta Fernández-Olmos 
Author-X-Name-First: Marta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández-Olmos 
Title: How Do Local Knowledge Spillovers and Experience Affect Export Performance? 
Abstract:
				 This research paper
 tries to analyse the role that knowledge about foreign markets has in
 increasing firms' exports in clustered spaces. We consider two
 interrelated sources of this knowledge, a firm's direct experience and its
 indirect experience from other clustered firms. In particular, it is
 proposed that firms can improve their export performance by accessing
 others' knowledge as long as they have some previous direct experience
 that allows them to identify, understand and exploit these. Nevertheless,
 this positive influence of previous direct experience on exports continues
 only to a certain point, at which time it becomes less relevant or even
 negative. Firms with broad international experience have little to learn
 from local interactions, being more enriching establishing relationships
 with agents from outside the cluster. Empirical evidence gathered from
 wine producers located in La Rioja, Spain, confirms the moderating but
 decreasing importance of previous experience.			       
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 143-163 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.741570 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.741570 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan &Zcaron;enka 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan 
Author-X-Name-Last: &Zcaron;enka 
Author-Name: Josef Novotn&yacute; 
Author-X-Name-First: Josef 
Author-X-Name-Last: Novotn&yacute; 
Author-Name: Pavel Csank 
Author-X-Name-First: Pavel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Csank 
Title: Regional Competitiveness in Central European Countries: In Search of a Useful Conceptual Framework 
Abstract:
				 The goal of this
 discussion paper is to examine the relevance of selected influential
 theoretical and conceptual approaches to regional competitiveness for
 specific geographical and institutional contexts of Central European (CE)
 regions. We argue that strategic documents and policies (both nation- and
 region-wide) in CE countries are based on un-critical applications of a
 few popular concepts of competitiveness that were originally proposed and
 mainly applied in Western European and US regions. Existing empirical
 evidence documents a strong role of exogenous factors of competitiveness
 in CE regions, the in-house character of firm innovations and weak demand
 for innovations, and other impediments of R&D collaboration. We suggest
 that these (and other factors) limit the applicability of concepts such as
 regional innovation systems and Porterian clusters in the context of many
 CE regions. On the other hand, we argue that some other concepts such as
 the global production networks perspective or related variety and economic
 complexity can provide some relevant and inspiring frameworks for
 analysing regional competitiveness in CE countries.			    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 164-183 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.731042 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.731042 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jean-Baptiste Harguindéguy 
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Baptiste 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harguindéguy 
Author-Name: Katy Hayward 
Author-X-Name-First: Katy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hayward 
Title: The Institutionalization of the European Internal Cross-Border Co-operation Policy: A First Appraisal 
Abstract:
				 In the space of
 just 20 years, internal cross-border co-operation (CBC) has transformed
 from a marginal issue for European integration into an important strand of
 the third objective of European Union's (EU's) regional policy. How might
 this process of transformation be explained? This study intends to
 reconstruct the chronology of its development through interviews and use
 of archival material. The emergence of the current CBC policy was not, we
 argue, an inevitable solution to the problem of border management but,
 rather, the result of a struggle between the actors of that policy
 sub-system. The dramatic rise of CBC is the result of a series of factors
 that originated with the signing of the Single European Act in 1986. The
 construction of CBC as a set of problems and solutions by a network of
 policy actors at the margins of the EU through a series of technical
 reports, together with the policy window opened by the appointment of the
 Delors Commission, allowed the launching of an innovative CBC policy which
 has consolidated over time.			 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 184-203 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.741571 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.741571 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:22:y:2014:i:1:p:184-203




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Frank P. van den Heuvel 
Author-X-Name-First: Frank P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: van den Heuvel 
Author-Name: Peter W. de Langen 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter W. 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Langen 
Author-Name: Karel H. van Donselaar 
Author-X-Name-First: Karel H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Donselaar 
Author-Name: Jan C. Fransoo 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fransoo 
Title: Identification of Employment Concentration Areas 
Abstract:
				 This article presents a method to identify
 "Absolute and Relative Employment Concentration (AREC) areas" for a
 particular industry. Two novel characteristics of the method are that it
 simultaneously analyses AREC, and that it combines spatial concentration
 per area with the spatial concentration in neighbouring areas. The method
 is easy to understand and apply. It is developed to assist regional policy
 makers and corporate decision-makers with their investment decisions
 related to new infrastructure or plants. The identification of
 concentration areas also allows for analysing the performance of these
 areas in relation to characteristics such as infrastructure availability
 and the housing and labour market. This can yield new academic insights
 that are relevant for regional planners. An application of the newly
 developed method to five industries in a Dutch province subdivided into
 502 areas illustrates the value of the method in comparison to other
 methods.		     
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 204-226 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.741573 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.741573 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:22:y:2014:i:1:p:204-226




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Till Koglin 
Author-X-Name-First: Till 
Author-X-Name-Last: Koglin 
Title: City Cycling 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 227-228 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.798111 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.798111 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:22:y:2014:i:1:p:227-228




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carmelo J. León 
Author-X-Name-First: Carmelo J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: León 
Author-Name: Matías González 
Author-X-Name-First: Matías 
Author-X-Name-Last: González 
Author-Name: Jorge E. Araña 
Author-X-Name-First: Jorge E. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Araña 
Author-Name: Javier de León 
Author-X-Name-First: Javier 
Author-X-Name-Last: de León 
Title: An Evaluation of Endogenous Sustainable Development Planning for the Rural--Urban Environment in Gran Canaria 
Abstract:
<italic>Urban developments can transform adjacent
 rural areas by degrading their natural resource base and environmental
 values. In this paper we provide evidence on the implementation of an
 endogenous sustainable development plan for the rural--urban environment
 in the city of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria. The objective was the
 generation of endogenous development in the rural areas by implicating the
 local population in developing activities in line with natural values and
 the recuperation of traditional cultures. At the same time, urban
 societies were expected to benefit from the preservation and availability
 of these rural environments. The plan was implemented in a large rural
 valley located between adjacent urban areas. The valley represents an
 opportunity for urban dwellers to benefit from a large rural park in the
 urban environment for leisure and cultural activities. The overall
 accomplishment of the plan was evaluated and contrasted with the benefits
 to the urban population, which were also measured with a discrete choice
 experiment. The results highlight that the principal objectives failed
 because of the lack of political determination to promote the
 participatory channels that would lead to the preservation of natural
 resources in a dynamic process of social change.</italic>		    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 229-245 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722974 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722974 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jacek Zaucha 
Author-X-Name-First: Jacek 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zaucha 
Author-Name: Tomasz Komornicki 
Author-X-Name-First: Tomasz 
Author-X-Name-Last: Komornicki 
Author-Name: Kai Böhme 
Author-X-Name-First: Kai 
Author-X-Name-Last: Böhme 
Author-Name: Dariusz &#x15a;wi&#x105;tek 
Author-X-Name-First: Dariusz 
Author-X-Name-Last: &#x15a;wi&#x105;tek 
Author-Name: Piotr &#x17b;uber 
Author-X-Name-First: Piotr 
Author-X-Name-Last: &#x17b;uber 
Title: Territorial Keys for Bringing Closer the Territorial Agenda of the EU and Europe 2020 
Abstract:
		      <italic>The recent developments of the economic
 theory suggest that due attention to territorial context increases
 efficiency and improves delivery of the policies. This in turn calls for
 better linkages between spatial and socio-economic efforts. The paper
 analyses the concept of policy territorialization and proposes policy
 tools for that purpose. The relevant theoretical models are used, mainly
 evolutionary economics and new economic geography. The key outcome is a
 set of territorial keys supposed to enhance territorial approach in
 developmental policies. Also some plausible ways of making use of those
 keys are proposed and then tested using Polish territory as a case
 study.</italic>							 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 246-267 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.722976 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.722976 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:22:y:2014:i:2:p:246-267




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ali Durmuş 
Author-X-Name-First: Ali 
Author-X-Name-Last: Durmuş 
Author-Name: Sevkiye Sence Turk 
Author-X-Name-First: Sevkiye Sence 
Author-X-Name-Last: Turk 
Title: Factors Influencing Location Selection of Warehouses at the Intra-Urban Level: Istanbul Case 
Abstract:
		      <italic>Depending on the worldwide developments in
 the industry and services sectors, the increased significance of the
 logistic sector is continuing. In parallel to this tendency, the need for
 warehousing as one of the basic activities of logistics has increased and
 the warehouses have returned to the important function areas for urban
 sites. In recent years, warehouses are demanded in the real estate market
 just like houses and offices. In the literature, although there are many
 supply chain studies focused on location selection of warehouses, there is
 a lack of studies discussing the behaviour of warehouse location at the
 intra-urban level. The article investigates the factors affecting the
 location selection of warehouses and their degree of importance in
 Istanbul as a case area by using a logistic regression model. It was found
 that location-specific factors are effective on the location selection of
 warehouses in the Istanbul metropolitan area, and warehouse location
 follows a certain economic rationality at the intra-urban level.</italic>  
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 268-292 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.731038 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.731038 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:22:y:2014:i:2:p:268-292




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Willem Salet 
Author-X-Name-First: Willem 
Author-X-Name-Last: Salet 
Title: The Authenticity of Spatial Planning Knowledge 
Abstract:
				 This article intends to start a debate on
 the authentic disciplinary grounds of spatial planning studies as a
 scientific discipline of spatial intervention closely interrelated with
 practices of spatial development. In a volatile epoch of regrouping
 academic specializations, scientists feel a strong incentive to reflect on
 the authentic grounds of their discipline. This certainly goes for spatial
 planning studies that heavily rely on intensive interaction with a wide
 range of disciplines. What justifies its own position? Spatial planning
 studies are intensely interrelated with practices of planning, which
 demarcates its scientific position in a specific way. The author does not
 claim an exclusive position for spatial planning studies (the diversity of
 external relations and alliances enriches the field of study) but defines
 the authentic identity of the spatial planning discipline in the
 conceptual coherence of five dimensions: practical context, spatial norms,
 knowledge and action, to be validated in new contexts of practice. The
 author states that different planning paradigms interconnect the five
 dimensions in their own way and in doing so innovate the authentic body of
 planning knowledge. To invest in this authenticity is crucial in this era
 of organizational proliferation.		       
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 293-305 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.741567 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.741567 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:22:y:2014:i:2:p:293-305




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cormac Walsh 
Author-X-Name-First: Cormac 
Author-X-Name-Last: Walsh 
Title: Rethinking the Spatiality of Spatial Planning: Methodological Territorialism and Metageographies 
Abstract:
				 This paper argues for increased attention
 to the role of territory and territoriality in framing sociospatial
 discourses in the context of spatial plan making. In particular, it is
 suggested that the engagement of political actors with processes of
 spatial planning tends to be framed within particular spatial imaginaries
 which reflect established political-administrative and territorial
 boundaries. It is contended that a critical analysis of the territorial
 framing of processes of spatial planning is necessary in order to
 understand the capacity for spatial strategies to effectively challenge
 and reconfigure established sociospatial imaginaries in functional or
 relational terms. It is suggested that spatially explicit public policy
 statements, such as planning strategies, may be characterized by specific
 assumptions of territorial space, in a similar manner to which mainstream
 social science has contained implicit assumptions of state-centrism. The
 salience of territorial spatial imaginaries is demonstrated in the case of
 European spatial planning and through a local case study of city-regional
 spatial planning and politics in the Greater Dublin Area.		    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 306-322 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.741568 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.741568 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:22:y:2014:i:2:p:306-322




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sander Lenferink 
Author-X-Name-First: Sander 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lenferink 
Author-Name: Wim Leendertse 
Author-X-Name-First: Wim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Leendertse 
Author-Name: Jos Arts 
Author-X-Name-First: Jos 
Author-X-Name-Last: Arts 
Author-Name: Taede Tillema 
Author-X-Name-First: Taede 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tillema 
Title: Public--Private Plan Development: Can Early Private Involvement Strengthen Infrastructure Planning? 
Abstract:
				 Private parties, who are usually involved
 in later stages of design, construction and maintenance, can potentially
 strengthen the early plan-making stages of infrastructure planning. They
 can bring in knowledge, expertise and experience to help address
 complexity in planning. Such early private involvement can be accommodated
 through several models for which experiences in Dutch infrastructure
 planning practice differ. In this article, we assess the potential of
 early private involvement for strengthening infrastructure plan
 development by examining evaluative studies and conducting interviews with
 public and private actors involved in four early private involvement
 models in Dutch infrastructure planning: market consultation, early design
 contest, market reconnaissance and unsolicited proposal. We conclude that
 in order to unlock the potential of early private involvement government
 needs to incorporate incentives for creativity, reward private involvement
 and strike a balance in the setup of the investigated models between
 conceptual freedom for private solutions and transparent public guidance
 in preconditions and regulations. Early private involvement could, thus,
 provide opportunities for conceptual creativity and innovation and
 opportunities for public--private collaboration, which can strengthen plan
 development.			
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 323-344 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.741569 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.741569 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alex Lord 
Author-X-Name-First: Alex 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lord 
Author-Name: Mark Tewdwr-Jones 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tewdwr-Jones 
Title: Is Planning "Under Attack"? Chronicling the Deregulation of Urban and Environmental Planning in England 
Abstract:
				 Successive attempts to reform planning
 practice in England have given rise to an impression that planning is
 "under attack". Various academic commentaries have performed the valuable
 service of cataloguing aspects of this reform agenda, often within the
 context of the analytical framework offered by neoliberalization. In this
 paper, we seek to chronicle the cumulative effects of the sustained
 programme of neoliberalization to which urban and environmental planning
 has been subjected in England over a period spanning approximately the
 last 15 years. In doing so, we hope to show why planning has been such an
 intractable issue for all governments that have sought its reform
 irrespective of the particularities of their political agenda. 	    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 345-361 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.741574 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.741574 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:22:y:2014:i:2:p:345-361




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Josje J. Hoekveld 
Author-X-Name-First: Josje J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoekveld 
Title: Understanding Spatial Differentiation in Urban Decline Levels 
Abstract:
				 The economic and demographic changes
 currently manifest in many Western cities--referred to as urban decline or
 urban shrinkage--are receiving increased attention in public and academic
 debates. Although the general processes driving these changes have been
 identified, such processes cannot explain why regions and cities which
 have been exposed to similar processes still differ in their economic and
 demographic developments. This Western European and US-based literature
 review attempts to answer the question of how this interregional and
 intraregional variation in levels of economic and demographic decline can
 be understood. It is argued that the degree to which wider societal forces
 (such as deindustrialization, changes in international and domestic
 migration and changing fertility levels) impact on a particular area
 depends on how these forces are filtered, first, through the institutional
 and, second, the spatial context that the region or city is located in. To
 understand the differences between the cities within one region (being
 part of the same institutional and spatial contexts), we need to descend
 to the city level and take account of the local (dis)amenities, comprising
 its physical, social and economic assets, and the influence of (the place
 characteristics of) other cities in the vicinity and the socio-political
 framework.		       
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 362-382 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.744382 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.744382 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Candan Oguz 
Author-X-Name-First: Candan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Oguz 
Author-Name: Ipek Ozbek Sonmez 
Author-X-Name-First: Ipek Ozbek 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sonmez 
Title: Towards the New Regionalism Approach in the Metropolitan Governance of Turkey 
Abstract:
				 The Greater Municipality Law (no. 5216)
 was enacted in 2004 in order to coordinate the governance of metropolitan
 areas in Turkey. In fact, this law has been a part of the restructuring
 process of the government in public domain as well as of the
 centralization and metropolitan governance approaches. However, the
 evaluation of this law displays many conflicts and uncertainties discussed
 by this study. Analysing the Law no. 5216, this study explores the case of
 Izmir Greater Municipality from the aspects of metropolitan governance
 approaches. The study findings suggest that this law conflicts with the
 issues of functionality along with its definition of metropolitan area
 boundaries, has problems related to the boundaries, efficiency and incomes
 of the district municipalities, causes complexities about the distribution
 of authority between district municipalities and greater municipalities in
 an unbalanced structure of responsibility and authority for planning
 issues, and has uncertainties related to the principles of sustainable
 planning and participation processes.			     
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 383-399 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 2  
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.752441 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.752441 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:22:y:2014:i:2:p:383-399




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Loris Servillo 
Author-X-Name-First: Loris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Servillo 
Author-Name: Valeria Lingua 
Author-X-Name-First: Valeria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lingua 
Title: The Innovation of the Italian Planning System: Actors, Path Dependencies, Cultural Contradictions and a Missing Epilogue 
Abstract:
				 The paper aims at investigating the
 changes in the Italian planning system that took place in the last two
 decades. It is of interest because different directions of changes and
 combination of modes, tools and approaches have been developed and
 experimented. Such a plethora of changes however has been developed
 without a sound national reform capable to provide a legislative,
 disciplinary and cultural framework. At the same time, though, the
 condition of legislative immobility at the national level has
 characterized an unexpected experimenting ground for different actors and
 approaches at different administrative levels. In order to present its
 arguments, the paper combines an institutionalist approach with a
 strategic-relational perspective as starting point for the identification
 of the main interpretative categories for the processes of change. The
 modernization of the planning system can be investigated through its
 actors and the achieved innovations, its institutional path dependencies,
 as well as its cultural planning divergences. As a concluding
 consideration, we wonder if in occasion of the challenges that the ongoing
 socio-economic and institutional crisis has brought, the accumulated
 planning cultural capital can be the base ground for a new possible
 reforming season that would put order to a rich but scattered situation.   
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 400-417 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.752443 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.752443 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:22:y:2014:i:2:p:400-417




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Willem K. Korthals Altes 
Author-X-Name-First: Willem K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Korthals Altes 
Title: The Europeanization of Development Planning in Valencia 
Abstract:
				 Europeanization involves the diffusion of
 European institutions. In Valencia, the system of land development
 prompted many foreign property owners to appeal to European institutions.
 The Petitions Committee of the European Parliament took up their case and
 requested intervention by the European Commission. The European public
 procurement proceedings provided the strongest foothold for action in
 Europe and the European Commission instituted infringement proceedings on
 the selection of private urbanizing agents who are placed in charge of the
 land readjustment and the servicing and financial arrangements for
 comprehensive development zones. The European Court of Justice dismissed
 the action as the Commission did not provide sufficient evidence to show
 that these relationships were not a service concession, as Spain
 maintained. This case shows that even in cases that flout European law, it
 is still European law that decides whether they are exempt and,
 consequently, that the deliberate construction of practices to keep a case
 outside the scope of European law may qualify as Europeanization.	    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 418-436 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.757585 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.757585 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:22:y:2014:i:2:p:418-436




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jörg Plöger 
Author-X-Name-First: Jörg 
Author-X-Name-Last: Plöger 
Author-Name: Sabine Weck 
Author-X-Name-First: Sabine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Weck 
Title: Confronting Out-Migration and the Skills Gap in Declining German Cities 
Abstract:
				 High-skilled groups are regarded as a key
 asset for economic growth and urban development and are thus increasingly
 targeted by cities. Within this context, the paper analyses the effects of
 urban decline and intra-national migration trends on cities. The impact of
 both processes on population development varies considerably between
 cities and regions and calls for micro- and macro-level policy responses.
 The contribution focuses on the local impact of the (out-)migration of
 higher-skilled groups and addresses the research questions: how do local
 stakeholders and decision-makers evaluate the consequences of the
 out-migration of highly qualified residents and how are they responding?
 Our analysis combines the findings of two research projects and draws
 mainly on qualitative data. The case studies are located in Germany and
 comprise three medium-sized cities outside of major agglomerations and
 three large cities within metropolitan areas. The six cities share the
 common characteristic of urban decline as a result of structural change
 and have been experiencing population decline. While medium-sized cities
 lose the highly skilled after they complete schooling, larger old
 industrial cities lose them after they complete higher education degrees.
 The paper discusses the implications of intra-national migration for these
 cities.			 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 437-455 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.757587 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.757587 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Vang 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vang 
Title: Multinationals and Economic Geography: Location, Technology and Innovation 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 456-458 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.846094 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.846094 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:22:y:2014:i:2:p:456-458




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Claire Colomb 
Author-X-Name-First: Claire 
Author-X-Name-Last: Colomb 
Author-Name: Gonçalo Santinha 
Author-X-Name-First: Gonçalo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Santinha 
Title: European Union Competition Policy and the European Territorial Cohesion Agenda: An Impossible Reconciliation? State Aid Rules and Public Service Liberalization through the European Spatial Planning Lens 
Abstract:
				 The territorial and spatial planning
 impacts of European Union (EU) economic and competition policies have
 remained under-researched in the field of European spatial planning, in
 contrast to other EU policy fields. This briefing explores how two
 elements of the EU competition policy, the regulation of "state aid" and
 the liberalization of "services of general interest (SGI)", have
 significant implications for the pursuit of the objective of territorial
 cohesion through spatial planning and territorial development policies at
 different scales. The paper first reviews the development of the concept
 of territorial cohesion in the EU discourse and policy agenda since the
 mid-1990s, as well as the contribution of public services (Services of
 General Interest, or SGI in EU jargon) to it. It, then, reviews how the EU
 state aid rules and liberalization policies affect the state's ability to
 intervene (i) in support of sub-national territories which are lagging
 behind or suffering decline, and (ii) in the provision of public services
 across the national territory, specifically in peripheral regions or areas
 where the provision is not catered for by the market. The conclusion of
 the paper outlines the additional challenges to the pursuit of territorial
 cohesion in the EU posed by the post-2008 economic crisis and suggests
 avenues for future research.			   
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 459-480 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.744384 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.744384 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:22:y:2012:i:3:p:459-480




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tuuli Lähdesmäki 
Author-X-Name-First: Tuuli 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lähdesmäki 
Title: European Capital of Culture Designation as an Initiator of Urban Transformation in the Post-socialist Countries 
Abstract:
				 Since 1985, the EU has designated cities
 as European Capital of Culture (ECOC) for 1 year at a time. Various ECOCs
 have used the designation as a tool to revive the city space. The cultural
 initiatives, such as the ECOC designation, are the EU's political
 instruments, whose significance has increased during the recent decades,
 and through which the EU aims to influence various political objectives,
 such as the unity of the Union and economic growth. These particular
 objectives were brought into the focus of the ECOC initiative during the
 Eastern enlargement of the Union. Since 2007, various Central and Eastern
 European cities have aimed to regenerate their economy through large
 construction projects, developing and repairing public spaces, investing
 in creative industries and transforming the image of the city, with the
 help of the ECOC brand. On one hand, the investments have recreated the
 cities with a unified modern look and an up-to-date atmosphere. On the
 other hand, the ECOC designation can be criticized for homogenizing the
 urban spaces in European cities by forcing the cities to follow certain
 criteria and expecting them to obey certain cultural values and trends in
 the urban development. 			
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 481-497 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.752438 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.752438 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:22:y:2012:i:3:p:481-497




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yi-De Liu 
Author-X-Name-First: Yi-De 
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu 
Title: Cultural Events and Cultural Tourism Development: Lessons from the European Capitals of Culture 
Abstract:
				 One of the major forms of cultural tourism
 development undertaken throughout Europe has been the staging of a growing
 number of cultural events. The event of European Capitals of Culture
 (ECOC) is probably the best example of the new trends of cultural tourism
 in Europe, which is therefore used in this article to demonstrate some of
 the key issues surrounding the event-led strategy for cultural tourism
 development. Based on case study, historical approach and document
 analysis, this study reviewed systematically the cases, documents and
 literatures of ECOC over a 20-year period. The research findings point to
 a number of ways in which the ECOC constitutes a boost for the development
 of cultural tourism in terms of realizing experience economy, enhancing
 city image, facilitating urban regeneration, promoting cultural production
 and consumption, as well as establishing partnerships. 		  
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 498-514 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.752442 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.752442 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:22:y:2012:i:3:p:498-514




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Viktor Kveton 
Author-X-Name-First: Viktor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kveton 
Author-Name: Jiri Louda 
Author-X-Name-First: Jiri 
Author-X-Name-Last: Louda 
Author-Name: Jan Slavik 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Slavik 
Author-Name: Martin Pelucha 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pelucha 
Title: Contribution of Local Agenda 21 to Practical Implementation of Sustainable Development: The Case of the Czech Republic 
Abstract:
				 Local Agenda 21 (LA21), a voluntary tool
 for implementing sustainable development (SD) in local level, is one way
 of implementing sustainability principles in practice. Twenty years after
 the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development Conference in
 Rio de Janeiro, which made the first reference of LA21 (intended as a
 framework for the twenty-first century respecting SD principles), this
 article deals with evaluating the real contribution of this initiative to
 the implementation of SD in practice on the example of selected
 municipalities in the Czech Republic. This contribution is examined by a
 comparative analysis of the indices of change in selected indicators
 (three to four indicators for each pillar of SD) for municipalities
 involved in the LA21 initiative in comparison with reference
 municipalities, which have not been involved in LA21 so far. The analysis
 results indicate that different trends in some of the indicators can be
 observed in municipalities implementing LA21 and in the others. This
 applies, in particular, to the environmental indicators (such as the
 degree of waste separation, indicating in part the degree of environmental
 awareness), but also to some of the economic ones (municipal capital
 expenditures indicating investment activity).			
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 515-536 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.753994 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.753994 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giovanni Perucca 
Author-X-Name-First: Giovanni 
Author-X-Name-Last: Perucca 
Title: The Role of Territorial Capital in Local Economic Growth: Evidence from Italy 
Abstract:
				 Territorial capital is defined as the
 system of territorial assets of economic, cultural, social and
 environmental nature that ensures the development potential of places. The
 potential of this concept resides in the recognition of possible
 interactions between factors of different nature. So far, however, very
 few studies have focused on the empirical verification of the links
 between territorial capital and economic growth. This work is devoted to
 the analysis of the relationship between economic growth and territorial
 capital in Italian NUTS3 regions between 1999 and 2008. The distribution
 of territorial assets across regions points out the huge gap between
 Italian macro-areas. These divergences do not clearly reproduce the
 differentials in GDP growth. The second part of the analysis is focused on
 the joint effect of the territorial capital components on the regional
 economic performance. Our findings emphasize the role of some endogenous
 factors in explaining the differentiation of regional growth patterns.
 Moreover, they point out the importance of soft assets in correspondence
 of an external shock, as the one represented by the recent financial
 crisis.			
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 537-562 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.771626 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.771626 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:22:y:2012:i:3:p:537-562




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Alejandro Cardenete 
Author-X-Name-First: M. Alejandro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cardenete 
Author-Name: M. Carmen Delgado 
Author-X-Name-First: M. Carmen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Delgado 
Author-Name: M. Carmen Lima 
Author-X-Name-First: M. Carmen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lima 
Title: The Structural Funds in Andalusia for the Programming Period 2014--2020: Time for Tightening Belts 
Abstract:
				 During the period 2014--2020 it will be
 the first time since Spain joined the European Economic Community that the
 Southern region of Andalusia will not be considered as one of the
 Objective 1 priority areas for the European Regional Policy. This paper
 analyses the economic impact of the foreseeable withdrawal of an important
 amount of European Structural Funds in the region. Our point is to develop
 a dynamic general equilibrium model to assess, under different simulation
 scenarios, the effects of the removal of this funding on the main regional
 economic indicators, specially focusing on GDP growth, a key variable for
 the future of the region.		       
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 563-586 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.771622 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.771622 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:22:y:2012:i:3:p:563-586




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Margarita Argüelles 
Author-X-Name-First: Margarita 
Author-X-Name-Last: Argüelles 
Author-Name: Carmen Benavides 
Author-X-Name-First: Carmen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Benavides 
Title: Analysing How Environmental Concerns are Integrated in the Design of the EU Structural Funds Programmes 
Abstract:
				 This paper analyses
 the environmental measures co-financed by the European Union (EU)
 Structural Funds in the less-developed regions. Specifically, it studies
 if these environmental measures are tailored to the specific needs of the
 different regions and whether they are driven by an ecological
 modernization approach. The inclusion of environmental goals into the
 regional policy is also tested by analysing its connection with the main
 European environmental directives. We find a suitability of the regional
 programmes to the regional specific environmental factors, a scarce
 presence of the ecological modernization paradigm behind the programmes
 implementation and a clear orientation of the regional programmes to meet
 the EU legislation.			    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 587-609 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.771625 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.771625 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:22:y:2012:i:3:p:587-609




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matej Makarovi&#x10d; 
Author-X-Name-First: Matej 
Author-X-Name-Last: Makarovi&#x10d; 
Author-Name: Janez &#x160;u&#x161;ter&#x161;i&#x10d; 
Author-X-Name-First: Janez 
Author-X-Name-Last: &#x160;u&#x161;ter&#x161;i&#x10d; 
Author-Name: Borut Ron&#x10d;evi&#x107; 
Author-X-Name-First: Borut 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ron&#x10d;evi&#x107; 
Title: Is Europe 2020 Set to Fail? The Cultural Political Economy of the EU Grand Strategies 
Abstract:
				 The European Union (EU) has been
 continuously rethinking its global position amidst emerging economic and
 geopolitical challenges and attempting to formulate strategies to increase
 its competitiveness. However, its long-standing policy implementation
 deficit is also recognized for its grand strategies, including the
 initially ambitious Lisbon Strategy. Is Europe 2020 set to fail as well?
 In this paper, we are arguing that strategic steering is essentially a
 discursive practice influenced by both semiotic and extra-semiotic
 factors. Hence, success or failure of a strategy essentially depends on
 ability to steer the discourse. Niklas Luhmann's social systems theory
 offers a theoretical framework against which limitations and potentials of
 strategic steering at the EU level can be analysed. While high levels of
 rationality and reflection capacities can improve strategic steering, it
 is limited by the increasing complexity. Recognizing limitations of direct
 and centralized interventions, we look for analytical and strategic
 solutions in sophisticated mechanisms of contextual steering: variation,
 selection and retention of strategic discourses. These mechanisms are
 integral to the "cultural political economy" approach. In the final part
 of the paper, we show how cultural political economy can explain the
 implementation shortcomings of the EU strategies.			
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 610-626 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.782387 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.782387 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:22:y:2013:i:3:p:610-626




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bernard Elissalde 
Author-X-Name-First: Bernard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Elissalde 
Author-Name: Frédéric Santamaria 
Author-X-Name-First: Frédéric 
Author-X-Name-Last: Santamaria 
Author-Name: Philippe Jeanne 
Author-X-Name-First: Philippe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jeanne 
Title: Harmony and Melody in Discourse on European Cohesion 
Abstract:
				 From a corpus constituted by the five
 Cohesion Reports written by the European Commission, the article, using
 the methods of textual analysis, highlights the production of a European
 discourse on the territories participating to a process of
 institutionalization. Thus, starting from various authors analyses who
 validate the idea of institutionalization, the authors propose here to
 further explore this idea, using a method based on a lexical analysis
 software. The aim is then, on the one hand, to assess the extent to which
 the discourse of the Commission has elements of stability to justify the
 idea of institutionalization or, in the other hand, the elements of change
 over time that could compromise the very idea of institutionalization. The
 authors present the following results: the Commission discourse has
 important features of stability. Nevertheless, beyond this finding, there
 are changes at work. Their expression is rendered possible by the polysemy
 of the notions mobilized, and they are driven partly by a "rational"
 representation, but above all by the interplay of the succession of
 tensions and mind-shaping contexts in the construction of Europe.	    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 627-647 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.782389 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.782389 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Karel Martens 
Author-X-Name-First: Karel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Martens 
Author-Name: Peter van Weelden 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Weelden 
Title: Decision-Making on Transport Infrastructure and Contested Information: A Critical Analysis of Three Approaches 
Abstract:
				 Information is highly contested in
 virtually all decision-making processes on large infrastructure projects,
 leading to the delay or cancellation of projects. Contested information
 has two characteristics: uncertainty and ambiguity. The uncertainty of
 information refers to the lack of reliable knowledge about the
 characteristics and future effects of infrastructure projects. The
 ambiguity of information means that different actors have different
 (legitimate and valid) perspectives on the characteristics and effects of
 infrastructure projects. Information is contested if both uncertainty and
 ambiguity apply. In this paper, we develop a theoretical framework based
 on different perspectives on rationality and the role ascribed to
 information in decision-making. We then use this framework to analyse
 three approaches aiming to deal with the contested nature of information.
 The analysis shows that none of the approaches can fully deal with the
 contested nature of information, because no practically feasible approach
 has yet been developed to effectively address the ambiguity of
 information. We end with a brief discussion of the possible responses to
 this finding.			       
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 648-666 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.783665 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.783665 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lina Olsson 
Author-X-Name-First: Lina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Olsson 
Title: The Collaborating Planner? Practitioners in the Neoliberal Age 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 667-669 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.846501 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.846501 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Garri Raagmaa 
Author-X-Name-First: Garri 
Author-X-Name-Last: Raagmaa 
Author-Name: Dominic Stead 
Author-X-Name-First: Dominic 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stead 
Title: Spatial Planning in the Baltic States: Impacts of European Policies 
Abstract:
 Baltic societies have been transformed rapidly since the beginning of the
 1990s, whereas planning institutions and organizational cultures in the
 Baltic States have only changed rather incrementally despite various
 national and European pressures for reform. As a consequence, the extent
 of Europeanization of spatial planning has been limited in the Baltic
 region, and the effects of cohesion and structural policy measures have
 been quite modest. This paper focuses on these changes in spatial planning
 in the Baltic States and is divided into three main parts. The paper
 begins by describing the historical and cultural context of spatial
 development in the Baltic States. Second, it discusses processes of
 Europeanization of spatial planning in the specific context of the Baltic
 States, and third, it considers whether these processes may be leading to
 policy convergence in the region.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 671-679 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.772730 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.772730 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dominic Stead 
Author-X-Name-First: Dominic 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stead 
Title: European Integration and Spatial Rescaling in the Baltic Region: Soft Spaces, Soft Planning and Soft Security 
Abstract:
 Spatial rescaling arguably represents one of the
 most significant recent changes in planning. Rescaling processes do not
 merely imply changes in powers across existing layers of decision-making,
 but also entail new scales of intervention, new actor constellations and
 new geometries of governance. A wide range of examples of spatial
 rescaling can be seen across Europe, varying from local through to
 regional and international. The emergence of "soft spaces"-regions in
 which strategy is made between or alongside formal institutions and
 processes-is one of the phenomena associated with contemporary spatial
 rescaling. These spaces are often overlapping and characterized by fuzzy
 geographical boundaries. The formation of soft spaces is often articulated
 in terms of breaking away from the rigidities associated with the
 practices and expectations of working within existing political or
 administrative boundaries but can also be viewed as providing a means of
 bypassing formal procedures and reducing democratic accountability.
 Focusing on European territorial cooperation and development strategies in
 the Baltic region, this paper discusses how they are contributing to
 spatial rescaling in soft spaces and how the strategies can be seen as a
 form of soft planning and as a means to promote soft security policy
 (which could be considered as a wider form of foreign policy).
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 680-693 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.772731 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.772731 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jussi Sakari Jauhiainen 
Author-X-Name-First: Jussi Sakari 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jauhiainen 
Title: New Spatial Patterns and Territorial-Administrative Structures in the European Union: Reflections on Eastern Europe 
Abstract:
 Spatial patterns and territorial-administrative
 structures in Eastern Europe are a mix of historical - territorial
 path-dependencies influenced by the current path-creating policies. Since
 the early 2000s, the European Union (EU) policies, practices and
 challenges have concerned also Eastern Europe. This article discusses
 spatial patterns and territorial-administrative structures in theory,
 illustrates their practices and presents scenarios for their future in the
 EU contexts. The Europeanization of spatial policy and planning and the
 territorial-administrative structure harmonization are the key current
 trends. The transposition and implementation of the EU spatial policy
 mechanisms and practices in Eastern Europe are influenced by contextual
 path-dependent legacies and the uncertain long-term future of the EU.
 Conditionality as governmentality and relational regions open new
 perspectives to territorial dynamics in the EU and Eastern Europe.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 694-711 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.772732 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.772732 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Neil Adams 
Author-X-Name-First: Neil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Adams 
Author-Name: Giancarlo Cotella 
Author-X-Name-First: Giancarlo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cotella 
Author-Name: Richard Nunes 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nunes 
Title: The Engagement of Territorial Knowledge Communities with European Spatial Planning and the Territorial Cohesion Debate: A Baltic Perspective 
Abstract:
				 Recent, dramatic
 spatial development trends have contributed to the consolidation of a
 unique territorial governance landscape in the Baltic States. The paper
 examines the transformation of this evolving institutional landscape for
 planning practice and knowledge, which has been marked by the
 disintegration of Soviet institutions and networks, the transition to a
 market-based economy and the process of accession to the EU. It explores
 the evolution of territorial knowledge channels in the Baltic States, and
 the extent and nature of the engagement of actors' communities with the
 main knowledge arenas and resources of European spatial planning (ESP).
 The paper concludes that recent shifts in the evolution of these channels
 suggest the engagement of ESP has concentrated among epistemic communities
 at State and trans-national levels of territorial governance. The limited
 policy coordination across a broader spectrum of diverse actors is
 compounded by institutionally weak and fragmented professional communities
 of practice, fragmented government structures and marginalized advocacy
 coalitions.			    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 712-734 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.772735 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.772735 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Bachtler 
Author-X-Name-First: John 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bachtler 
Author-Name: Carlos Mendez 
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mendez 
Author-Name: Hildegard Ora&zcaron;e 
Author-X-Name-First: Hildegard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ora&zcaron;e 
Title: From Conditionality to Europeanization in Central and Eastern Europe: Administrative Performance and Capacity in Cohesion Policy 
Abstract:
 This article assesses the role of administrative
 capacity in explaining the performance of eight Central and Eastern
 European countries in managing Cohesion policy over the 2004-2008 period.
 Drawing on a conceptual framework from the Europeanization literature, it
 explores whether pre-accession administrative adjustment to comply with
 the "acquis" continued in the post-accession period, against a backdrop of
 critical assessments about the state of administrative capacity for
 managing Cohesion policy. We conclude that administrative capacity was
 developed faster and more substantially than commentators predicted. The
 findings have implications for our understanding of the post-accession
 compliance record of the EU8, challenging the contention that they fall
 within a "world of dead letters". Administrative capacity has been
 underestimated and insufficient attention has been given to the dynamics
 of capacity evolution and learning.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 735-757 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.772744 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.772744 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laila K&#x16b;le 
Author-X-Name-First: Laila 
Author-X-Name-Last: K&#x16b;le 
Title: Urban-Rural Interactions in Latvian Changing Policy and Practice Context 
Abstract:
 This article aims at a better comprehension of
 urban-rural interactions as a spatial concept and its utilization for
 spatial and regional policies. Based on literature review and on
 interviews with planners and experts, the article explores how the concept
 of urban-rural interactions is defined, characterized and structured. The
 understanding of urban and rural, how they are connected provides a basis
 for capturing complexities and development of urban-rural interactions.
 The study, reviews urban-rural policies and practises in Latvia.
 Contemporary built-up areas and lifestyles are influenced by imprints of
 past urban-rural interactions. Aspects of contextuality, cross-sectorality
 and informality have to be taken into consideration when urban-rural
 interactions are applied to the policy field. The article introduces a
 typology to capture both the diversity and particularity of places in
 terms of urban-rural connectivity. An insight is given how the current
 Latvian local government territorial structure can contribute to building
 target-oriented urban-rural partnerships.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 758-774 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.772785 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.772785 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:22:y:2014:i:4:p:758-774




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Garri Raagmaa 
Author-X-Name-First: Garri 
Author-X-Name-Last: Raagmaa 
Author-Name: Tarmo Kalvet 
Author-X-Name-First: Tarmo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kalvet 
Author-Name: Ragne Kasesalu 
Author-X-Name-First: Ragne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kasesalu 
Title: Europeanization and De-Europeanization of Estonian Regional Policy 
Abstract:
 Over the last two decades, the role of the EU can
 be considered highly important in advancing institutional reforms and
 overall development in Estonia. The article focuses on Estonian regional
 policy (RP) and analyses whether it has gone through Europeanization (i.e.
 convergence with EU regulations and values, or followed its own
 development path). The institutional cycle model of territorial governance
 is used for establishing the analytical framework. The research was
 largely carried out as a second-person action research and used interviews
 over the period of 1990-2011. The article concludes that Estonian RP shows
 considerable dynamics as public and political support to RP,
 administrative structures and policy tools have changed. Europeanization
 of Estonian RP was most visible in 1994-1998, when an institutional
 framework was created, in parallel with intensive learning from the West.
 Overall, in 1999-2004 the application of EU cohesion policy tools took
 place with significant convergence. After joining the EU in 2004, national
 RP programmes were reduced, the institutional framework was frozen and a
 selective application of EU rules and the use of EU cohesion policy
 measures for achieving some personal political agendas started, driving
 Estonian RP away from common European values.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 775-795 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.772754 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.772754 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Külliki Tafel-Viia 
Author-X-Name-First: Külliki 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tafel-Viia 
Author-Name: Andres Viia 
Author-X-Name-First: Andres 
Author-X-Name-Last: Viia 
Author-Name: Erik Terk 
Author-X-Name-First: Erik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Terk 
Author-Name: Silja Lassur 
Author-X-Name-First: Silja 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lassur 
Title: Urban Policies for the Creative Industries: A European Comparison 
Abstract:
 Although the development of creative industries
 (CI) has formed into extensive and significant phenomenon in European
 cities, the conceptualization and generalization of these practices and
 policies is still rather weak. In addition to the attempts to explain the
 formation of these kinds of practices in the cities and discuss the
 path-dependent character of CI policies, the challenging task is to
 identify the main alternatives and inherent logic of CI policies,
 especially due to the existing rich and diverse experiences of European
 cities. This article aims to build a typology of the policy practices
 relating to CI. We make use of an "ideal types" approach, which focuses on
 determining a limited number of parameters to characterize alternative CI
 policies in different (European) cities; this is based on how one kind of
 CI policy practice can be distinguished from another. The article examines
 how the CI policies in four post-socialist cities (three of which are
 located in the Baltic region) contrast with the policies found in a range
 of other cities in Europe.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 796-815 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.772755 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.772755 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martijn J. Burger 
Author-X-Name-First: Martijn J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Burger 
Author-Name: Bert van der Knaap 
Author-X-Name-First: Bert 
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Knaap 
Author-Name: Ronald S. Wall 
Author-X-Name-First: Ronald S. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wall 
Title: Polycentricity and the Multiplexity of Urban Networks 
Abstract:
 Empirical studies on polycentric urban regions
 (PURs) tend to analyse their spatial organization by examining only one
 type of functional linkage between cities. However, it has generally been
 accepted that urban networks are multiplex phenomena and that spatial
 interactions between cities can take many different forms, for example,
 commuting, shopping trips, and inter-firm trade. The spatial organization
 of each of these functional linkages is not necessarily identical, and,
 therefore, a region can appear to be polycentric and spatially integrated
 based on the analysis of one type of functional linkage but monocentric
 and loosely connected based on the analysis of another type of functional
 linkage. The aim of this paper is to stimulate further discussion on the
 multiplexity of urban networks with regard to the relational complexity of
 urban regions. Focusing on one PUR (Randstad Holland), we compare the
 geographical scope and spatial structure of different functional networks
 within it. Our results indicate that the spatial organization of the urban
 network depends on the lens through which it is assessed.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 816-840 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.771619 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.771619 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joana Almodovar 
Author-X-Name-First: Joana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Almodovar 
Author-Name: Aurora A.C. Teixeira 
Author-X-Name-First: Aurora A.C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Teixeira 
Title: Assessing the Importance of Local Supporting Organizations in the Automotive Industry: A Hybrid Dynamic Framework of Innovation Networks 
Abstract:
 The advancement of knowledge on networks entails
 acknowledging the heterogeneity of their participants, more precisely, the
 organizations that lie beyond the scope of the activities of firms.
 Adopting a dynamic perspective of networks, and considering different
 types of innovation exchanges, we propose a hybrid and wider notion of
 industry which implies taking account of a set of local supporting
 organizations (LSOs) in domains such as research and technology,
 production factors, consultancy and training, and public support. Based on
 a rich data set built from face-to-face interviews with Portuguese
 automotive organizations, which resulted in a network comprising 867
 organizations, we apply social network analysis techniques to analyse the
 structure, content and dynamics of the networks. The evidence gathered
 unveiled huge industry turbulence and significant changes in the
 boundaries of the Portuguese automotive networks over a 20-year period,
 with the emergence (and decline) of different prominent organizations.
 Specifically, following AutoEuropa major foreign direct investment (in
 1995), the analyses reflect a clear increase in connectivity within the
 industry (from 524, before 1995, up to 2327 connections after 1995), with
 greater involvement among suppliers and between suppliers and LSOs, with
 the latter achieving top positions in the ranking of innovation networks.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 841-865 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.771621 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.771621 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Valentina De Marchi 
Author-X-Name-First: Valentina 
Author-X-Name-Last: De Marchi 
Author-Name: Joonkoo Lee 
Author-X-Name-First: Joonkoo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee 
Author-Name: Gary Gereffi 
Author-X-Name-First: Gary 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gereffi 
Title: Globalization, Recession and the Internationalization of Industrial Districts: Experiences from the Italian Gold Jewellery Industry 
Abstract:
 Globalization and the recent recession crisis are
 significantly challenging Italian industrial districts (IDs), leading to
 deep transformations in their internationalization, innovation and
 organization strategies. With our empirical focus on a single industry
 (gold jewellery) and a specific country (Italy) and through the
 theoretical lenses of the global value chain (GVC) approach, the evidence
 in this article sheds light on the differences in how three IDs within
 Italy's gold jewellery sector (Valenza Po, Arezzo and Vicenza) compete in
 the global arena. Our comparative analysis reveals striking differences
 among these districts with regard to their upstream and downstream
 internationalization strategies in response to two industry shocks:
 increasing global competition in the early 2000s and the world economic
 recession of 2008-2009. Our explanation for the varied gold jewellery
 district responses to these two global crises involves both internal and
 external factors: (1) structural differences between the three IDs; (2)
 distinct business strategies; and (3) how these districts are linked to
 the gold jewellery GVC.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 866-884 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.771624 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.771624 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:22:y:2014:i:4:p:866-884




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eduardo Oliveira 
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Oliveira 
Title: Making Strategies in Spatial Planning-Knowledge and Values 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 885-888 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.872385 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.872385 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fabian Faller 
Author-X-Name-First: Fabian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Faller 
Title: Regional Strategies for Renewable Energies: Development Processes in Greater Manchester 
Abstract:
 Making the transition to renewable, low-carbon forms of energy could be
 the defining question of our times. Especially for complex problems such
 as energy supply the regional scale and new forms of control, coordination
 and cooperation-subsumed under the term regional governance-are widely
 discussed both in politics (e.g. G8 conferences, Climate Summits, etc.)
 and academia. The turn from conventional to renewable energies is one
 major topic of discussion. For this process of change, regional governance
 can be seen as the best way to initiate it. With the help of a case study
 conducted in Greater Manchester, UK, this article concentrates on two
 points: (1) the development of regional governance arrangements in the
 light of a low-carbon agenda as mixture of path-dependent bottom-up and
 top-down approaches and (2) the impacts of specific constellations and
 environments for regional energy development that include institutional
 rules, strategic behaviour of actors and strategic discourses. This
 article shows that the integration of a regional governance structure into
 the strategic development process can achieve a substantial qualitative
 improvement for the development of a regional energy strategy.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 889-908 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.741572 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.741572 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ioannis Panteladis 
Author-X-Name-First: Ioannis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Panteladis 
Author-Name: Maria Tsiapa 
Author-X-Name-First: Maria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsiapa 
Title: Fragmented Integration and Business Cycle Synchronization in the Greek Regions 
Abstract:
 This paper examines the degree of business cycle synchronicity among Greek
 regions and investigates the determinants of the business cycle
 co-movements of output associated with specific functional and spatial
 aspects of the integration process among the Greek regions. We analyse
 nearly 30 years (1980-2008) of data at the NUTSIII level (prefectures). We
 conclude that the business cycles of prefectures are more synchronized
 with the NUTSII regional cycle than with the national business cycle
 revealing a regional (NUTSII) border effect. Moreover, the intensification
 of the integration process seems to diachronically affect the structural
 characteristics of the Greek regions and the geography of cyclical
 synchronization. Our study reveals a two-stage integration process where
 in the first stage we detect the existence of urbanization economies,
 while in the second one the existence of localization economies.
 Furthermore, our study reveals that the metropolitan regions have a low
 level of business cycle synchronicity with the other regions, stressing
 Greece's pattern of economic and structural dualism.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 909-928 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.744381 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.744381 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:22:y:2014:i:5:p:909-928




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sabrina Fredin 
Author-X-Name-First: Sabrina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fredin 
Title: The Dynamics and Evolution of Local Industries-The Case of Linköping, Sweden 
Abstract:
 This article aims to analyse how innovative, individual actions influence
 the evolution of local industries according to three stages. When
 discussing the evolution of industries or economies, the concept of path
 dependency is often a central element. Its vague nature makes it however
 difficult to be used as an interpretative lens when studying the evolution
 of local industries. In order to limit the broad concept, several aspects
 have been identified for discussion; all are explicitly linked to path
 dependency in economic geography literature and all are acknowledged to be
 of significance for stimulating the evolution of local industries. Based
 on a review of the evolutionary economic theory literature, the following
 three stages have been identified: first, the entering of new knowledge
 which may, or may not, be the starting point for a new local industry;
 second, the formation of the new local industry; third, the anchoring
 process of the new local industry. All three stages are intertwined and
 include the question how the new emerging industry and the existing local
 structures relate to each other. The three stages will be illustrated
 through the discussion of the evolution of the IT industry in Linköping,
 Sweden.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 929-948 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.744383 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.744383 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Manuel Acosta 
Author-X-Name-First: Manuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Acosta 
Author-Name: Daniel Coronado 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Coronado 
Author-Name: Esther Ferrándiz 
Author-X-Name-First: Esther 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferrándiz 
Author-Name: M. Dolores León 
Author-X-Name-First: M. Dolores 
Author-X-Name-Last: León 
Title: Regional Scientific Production and Specialization in Europe: The Role of HERD 
Abstract:
 This paper analyses the effects of R&D expenditure in the higher education
 sector on the scientific production across regions in Europe 15. Our
 research questions relate to the regional production of science and the
 role of academic R&D expenditures on regional scientific output. The
 results show that money affects the production of scientific results in
 regions. On average, we found different impacts and lags of R&D
 expenditure according to the level of regional development. Our findings
 also suggest that scientific specialization is a significant factor
 affecting scientific outputs, although its effects differ across
 disciplines and regions.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 949-974 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.752439 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.752439 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marie Ferru 
Author-X-Name-First: Marie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferru 
Title: Partners Connection Process and Spatial Effects: New Insights from a Comparative Inter-Organizational Partnerships Analysis 
Abstract:
 This article attempts to give new explanations of the spatial patterns of
 collaborations focusing on the partners' connection process. Taking into
 account actors are embedded in an historical, interpersonal and
 institutional space, we first consider organizations can construct a new
 collaboration or renew an old one when they decide to build a research
 project with a partner. Then, going back to the moment when they initially
 connect with their partners through the analysis of the genesis of
 collaborations, we assume that they can turn to their interpersonal ties
 or to coordination resources. This process of connection may influence the
 spatial dimensions of collaborations regarding notably the literature
 linking the use of interpersonal ties and the spatial proximity effects
 observed in innovation activities. We test empirically these theoretical
 propositions through the collection of individual data about more than 200
 histories of inter-company (IC) and science-industry (SI) partnerships.
 The qualitative and quantitative treatments of these data reveal the way
 partners connect each other and the spatial patterns of collaborations are
 significantly dependent on the nature of the partnerships. A strong
 regularity is nevertheless highlighted: for both partnerships (IC and SI
 ones), actors renewed prior collaborations in 57% of the total of studied
 partnerships.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 975-994 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.752440 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.752440 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Campbell 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Campbell 
Title: Imaginary Success?-The Contentious Ascendance of Creativity 
Abstract:
 This paper posits that a set of "creative industries" centred around
 cultural practice have played a key role within a dominant "economic
 imaginary" in recent years. The success and stability of this role is
 considered, and a coherent position regarding the nature of creativity is
 outlined. Examination of the "evidence" gathering projects used to bulwark
 this position, however, reveals how the data which emerge from such
 projects may no longer appropriately serve to support the position the
 creative industries have come to occupy within the dominant imaginary. It
 is argued that this imaginary persists in providing a coherent framework
 for understanding and for action, however, regardless of the
 contradictions it contains. A tangible example of this "imaginary success"
 is briefly considered within the UK context, via an examination of
 developments around the staging of the European Capital of Culture
 programme in Liverpool, England in 2008. In this case, it is also argued
 that apparent contradictions are successfully concealed by dominant
 positions regarding culture and creativity. In conclusion, some
 explanations for this state of affairs are considered, and it is argued
 that the increased attention being paid to cultural creativity may render
 the continued concealment of these contradictions untenable.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 995-1009 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.753993 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.753993 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Barrie Needham 
Author-X-Name-First: Barrie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Needham 
Author-Name: Gerard Hoekveld 
Author-X-Name-First: Gerard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoekveld 
Title: The European Union as an Ethical Community and What This Means for Spatial Planning 
Abstract:
 The European Union has adopted in its official publications a number of
 ethical values which can be identified and made explicit: they are values
 which concern the material content of policies and values of human rights.
 Although the relationship between those values and practice is not always
 direct, it can legitimately be expected that the values influence the
 content of the EU's spatial policy. With the extension of the EU policy to
 include territorial cohesion, the core values have been given an
 explicitly spatial dimension. Nor can the member states ignore those
 values, because formal legislation of the EU works through into the
 practice of those states: that increases the significance of EU values for
 the spatial planning of the member states. For those reasons, planners
 should know what those values are and how they can influence spatial
 planning.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1010-1026 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.757586 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.757586 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Güldem &Ouml;zata&#x11f;an 
Author-X-Name-First: Güldem 
Author-X-Name-Last: &Ouml;zata&#x11f;an 
Author-Name: Ayda Eraydin 
Author-X-Name-First: Ayda 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eraydin 
Title: The Role of Government Policies and Strategies Behind the Shrinking Urban Core in an Expanding City Region: The Case of Izmir 
Abstract:
 Over the last few decades, the term urban shrinkage has come to be
 accepted as a valid concept in international academic circles, and has
 gradually gained importance, with its causes the subject of
 well-documented discussion. While previous discussions of urban shrinkage
 have directed attention to cities shrinking as a whole, recent research
 started to recognize the case of shrinkage in growing cities and regions.
 As such, recent discussions of urban shrinkage indicate that patterns of
 shrinkage vary considerably from city to city, and from sub-region to
 sub-region, with the importance of local dynamics in responding to
 changing economic pressures given much consideration. Recent studies have
 tended to disregard the role of government policies and strategies put in
 place to facilitate the adaptation of the urban economies to the new
 conditions. Taking Izmir as an example, being a fast-growing metropolitan
 region in Turkey, this paper presents evidence of government policies and
 strategies aimed at enhancing the development of peripheral areas that
 have led to shrinkage of the metropolitan core. This paper focuses on this
 experience and discusses its implications.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1027-1047 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.757588 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.757588 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rachel Parker 
Author-X-Name-First: Rachel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Parker 
Author-Name: Damian Hine 
Author-X-Name-First: Damian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hine 
Title: The Role of Knowledge Intermediaries in Developing Firm Learning Capabilities 
Abstract:
 Regional innovation systems (RISs) literature has emphasized the critical
 role of interactive learning and knowledge exchange amongst firms and a
 variety of spatially connected innovation institutions as the foundation
 of regional innovation. Knowledge intermediaries have been analysed in
 terms of the technology-transaction services they provide firms and/or
 knowledge producers such as universities and therefore the role they play
 in facilitating interaction within the RIS. However, innovation also
 depends on the capability of the firm to learn. Some studies have
 suggested that intermediaries also play a role in that regard as
 participation in intermediary knowledge transfer programmes can contribute
 to the development of firm capabilities for problem-solving and learning.
 Our research is based on two case study intermediary programmes involving
 interviews with facilitators and participants. Our data show that
 knowledge intermediaries affect organizational learning capabilities by
 impacting on firms' network relationships, internal and external
 communication channels and internal learning processes which in turn
 affect the ability to interpret and use knowledge within the firm. This
 suggests that the role of knowledge intermediaries might be greater than
 facilitating interactions in the innovation system, as knowledge
 intermediation may affect the ability of firms to learn and absorb
 knowledge from their environment.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1048-1061 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.758688 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.758688 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Doloreux 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Doloreux 
Author-Name: Evelyne Lord-Tarte 
Author-X-Name-First: Evelyne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lord-Tarte 
Title: Innovation in the Canadian Wine Industry: Evidence from Three Wine-Producing Regions 
Abstract:
 The aim of this article is to investigate if and how different regional
 conditions influence innovation patterns in the Canadian wine industry.
 The empirical analysis draws from an original survey at the firm level and
 compares the regions of Ontario, British Columbia and Quebec. The results
 show that, contrary to expectations, firms innovate very similarly in the
 three wine-producing regions in spite of substantial historical and
 territorial differences. Therefore, distinct regional characteristics do
 not lead to variations in innovation in the Canadian wine industry.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1062-1080 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.758689 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.758689 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tai Shan Hu 
Author-X-Name-First: Tai Shan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hu 
Author-Name: Kuang Chieh Chen 
Author-X-Name-First: Kuang Chieh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen 
Title: Creative Talent Drive Transformation of Professionals' Constitution in the Modern City: A Case Study of Fashion Talent Flow in Taipei 
Abstract:
 Taipei is the economic and cultural centre of Taiwan. To compete with
 other Asian countries, Taipei has adopted pragmatic innovation and
 development strategies to achieve competitive advantage. Analysis of data
 obtained in face-to-face interviews indicates that Taipei may have a
 unique fashion economy. This study confirms the potential of the Taiwan
 fashion industry from the perspective of its cultural and creative
 economies. The main goal of this study is to determine how fashion
 professionals promote and affect the Taiwan fashion industry. First,
 fashion-related industries in the Taiwan cultural and creative system are
 defined and classified. Based on these definitions, statistical employment
 data and interview data are used to show how the distribution of fashion
 professionals provides directions for urban development by fashion
 clusters.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1081-1105 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.758690 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.758690 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christian Kj&aelig;r Monsson 
Author-X-Name-First: Christian Kj&aelig;r 
Author-X-Name-Last: Monsson 
Title: Keys to the City: How Economics, Institutions, Social Interaction, and Politics Shape Development 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1106-1108 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.872386 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.872386 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chris van Egeraat 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Egeraat 
Author-Name: Declan Curran 
Author-X-Name-First: Declan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Curran 
Title: Social Networks and Actual Knowledge Flow in the Irish Biotech Industry 
Abstract:
 This paper presents an analysis of networks among
 small and medium-sized enterprises in the Irish biotech sector. The study
 applies social network analysis to determine the structure of networks of
 company directors and inventors in the biotech sector. In addition, on the
 basis of interviews, this article analyses the extent of actual knowledge
 flow through these industry networks. The paper makes both a theoretical
 and methodological contribution to innovation network research. In
 relation to theory, the findings of the social network analysis indicate
 that the extent and path of knowledge flow are influenced by both the type
 of knowledge in question and whether the network is of a formal or
 informal nature. Methodologically, the results of this paper raise
 questions about the application of social network analysis in innovation
 studies.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1109-1126 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2012.761746 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2012.761746 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mehmet Ali Yüzer 
Author-X-Name-First: Mehmet Ali 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yüzer 
Author-Name: Ayşe şebnem Yüzer 
Author-X-Name-First: Ayşe şebnem 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yüzer 
Title: Changes in Land-Use Preferences of Small-, Medium- and Large-Scale Industries Located in Metropolitan Areas (Case Study in Istanbul) 
Abstract:
 In metropolitan areas, the changing spatial
 land-use preferences of the industrial sector are the most important
 determinants in the forming of the macro-form. Metropolitan areas,
 especially in developing European and Asian countries, become troubled
 cities with agglomerations of population and investment as a result of
 failures to apply satisfactory macro-policies and plans throughout the
 country. Industrial investments on various scales and the land-use
 preferences of investors have changed over time. The land preferences of
 production and headquarters of the manufacturing sectors have become basic
 determinants in the formation of settlement systems due to the
 transformations that occur alongside technological, economic and social
 development. This article examines whether or not the basic land-use
 criterion of the manufacturing sector changes in small-, medium- and
 large-scale businesses according to their labour structure, defined
 through an examination of the sectoral structure and relations of scale.
 Taking the increasing rate of the Gross National Product of the industrial
 sector in metropolitan areas in every country into account, and examining
 the land-use preferences of various industrial sub-sectors and scales will
 serve as an important input when making new planning decisions. The
 industrial land-use criterion will be effective in the transformation,
 reorganization or directing of new focuses for the agglomerated industrial
 structure, especially in Istanbul, which features both Asian and European
 metropolitan area characteristics. This article will define the existing
 industrial structure of the Istanbul metropolitan area; and differences
 between the various scales of land-use preferences within industrial
 investments will be presented, based on the findings of two investigations
 carried out over a 5-year period. Several important criteria for
 industrial investors seeking to establish themselves in metropolitan areas
 will be determined in the article.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1127-1142 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.764156 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.764156 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pawe&#x142; Churski 
Author-X-Name-First: Pawe&#x142; 
Author-X-Name-Last: Churski 
Author-Name: Joanna Dominiak 
Author-X-Name-First: Joanna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dominiak 
Title: The Impact of Innovations on Growth and Stagnation Regions in Poland 
Abstract:
 The goal of this article is to identify the impact
 of innovations on growth and stagnation regions in Poland. The research
 procedure consists of two stages. At stage one, Polish administrative
 units (voivodeships) were arranged on a scale of economically robust and
 weak regions following data clustering, indicators organized in line with
 the following aspects of social and economic growth: (1) population and
 settlement, (2) the economy structure and the labour market, (3) the
 technical infrastructure and spatial accessibility and (4) the financial
 situation and level of affluence. Stage two includes identification of the
 relation between the regional diversification and the distribution of
 growth and stagnation regions in Poland which is based on canonical
 correlation.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1143-1164 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.767494 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.767494 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mirjam de Groot 
Author-X-Name-First: Mirjam 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Groot 
Author-Name: Madelinde H. Winnubst 
Author-X-Name-First: Madelinde H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Winnubst 
Author-Name: Nienke van Schie 
Author-X-Name-First: Nienke 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Schie 
Author-Name: Jacko A. van Ast 
Author-X-Name-First: Jacko A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Ast 
Title: Visioning with the Public: Incorporating Public Values in Landscape Planning 
Abstract:
 This article focuses on the incorporation of values in visioning, an early
 stage of landscape planning from a social learning perspective. After an
 introduction of social learning in planning and visioning directed at
 expert knowledge and public values, two visioning cases are evaluated. The
 authors assess methods of making public values manifest and ways to
 include them in the visioning process. The cases show that surveys,
 semi-structured interviews and the emphasis on values during the visioning
 exercise itself were suitable methods to acquaint civilians with both
 their own values and those of others. The explicit values made
 communication more effective and enhanced social learning. In both cases,
 the civilians proved to be capable of expressing their values and
 visioning in conjunction with experts. The article concludes with the
 impact of integrating values in landscape planning, the learning process
 that emerged between the stakeholders and the implication of the findings
 for visioning practices elsewhere.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1165-1181 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.770218 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.770218 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Burcin Yazgi 
Author-X-Name-First: Burcin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yazgi 
Author-Name: Vedia Dokmeci 
Author-X-Name-First: Vedia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dokmeci 
Author-Name: Kerem Koramaz 
Author-X-Name-First: Kerem 
Author-X-Name-Last: Koramaz 
Author-Name: Gulay Kiroglu 
Author-X-Name-First: Gulay 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kiroglu 
Title: Impact of Characteristics of Origin and Destination Provinces on Migration: 1995-2000 
Abstract:
 <italic>During the second half of the twentieth
 century, internal migration in Turkey played an important role in the
 redistribution of the population, the concentration of capital in major
 cities, and the expansion and restructuring of metropolitan areas. To be
 able to explain the results of this restructuring process, it is important
 to investigate the provincial differences in migration determinants. The
 aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of the characteristics of
 origin and destination provinces and the distances between them on
 internal migration at the end of the twentieth century in Turkey using
 global and local forms of regression analysis. Therefore, there are two
 main parts of the study. The first part includes analyzing the
 in-migration globally. Second, the spatial distribution of the
 out-migration with respect to determinants among all the provinces of
 Turkey is investigated. According to the results, in-migrants are
 correlated with the characteristics of provinces such as industrial
 employment, service sector employment and number of university students.
 Out-migration is investigated for each province according to the
 aforementioned characteristics of the destination provinces and the
 distances between them. The results of the study reveal that there are
 locally varying relationships in out-migration in Turkey.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1182-1198 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.771620 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.771620 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Filippo Randelli 
Author-X-Name-First: Filippo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Randelli 
Author-Name: Mauro Lombardi 
Author-X-Name-First: Mauro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lombardi 
Title: The Role of Leading Firms in the Evolution of SME Clusters: Evidence from the Leather Products Cluster in Florence 
Abstract:
 <italic>Clusters that emerged in the past have
 changed during the latest decades, so that today the research challenge in
 economic geography is on their evolution over time. The aim of this paper
 is to update the evolutionary path of SME Italian clusters, which faced
 the economic crisis are undergoing a process of decline in the number of
 firms. Furthermore, changes in the techno-economic landscape and in the
 competitive environment have generated new challenges. In this context,
 some leading firms, able to connect local resources (and firms) to global
 networks, have emerged over time and today they act as a gatekeeper. The
 focus will be on local networks interacting with leading firms and
 particular attention will be devoted to the pattern of co-evolution and to
 the geographical dimension of this co-evolutionary process. To empirically
 verify if other firms in the cluster may co-evolve with the leading firm
 over time, a deep analysis of the Gucci network in the leather products
 cluster in Florence will be carried out.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1199-1211 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.773963 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.773963 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Virgilio Panapanaan 
Author-X-Name-First: Virgilio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Panapanaan 
Author-Name: Tuomo Uotila 
Author-X-Name-First: Tuomo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Uotila 
Author-Name: Anne Jalkala 
Author-X-Name-First: Anne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jalkala 
Title: Creation and Alignment of the Eco-innovation Strategy Model to Regional Innovation Strategy: A Case from Lahti (Päijät-Häme Region), Finland 
Abstract:
 <italic>This study focuses on the importance of
 eco-innovation in regional innovation strategy and policy development. It
 is conducted to get an in-depth understanding and learning about
 eco-innovation at the regional level and to draw some principles that are
 important in creating and aligning the eco-innovation strategy model to
 regional innovation strategy. The study highlights the new eco-innovation
 strategy model called SAMPO which was created and developed through a
 series of multi-stakeholder consultations which embodied the strengthening
 of the region's expertise-learning and knowledge-generating environment,
 design and innovation. These three areas of regional expertise are
 translated in the SAMPO model as three spearheads of innovation activities
 categorized as practice-based innovation, eco-design and sustainable
 innovation. Some principles are derived from the creation of the SAMPO
 model and put forward as strategic learning points in regional innovation
 strategy. The SAMPO model as positively acknowledged by the Päijät-Häme
 Regional Council, business clusters, research institutes and academic
 organizations may serve as a new framework that is useful in formulating
 and recreating eco-innovation policy in the region.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1212-1234 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.774322 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.774322 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Inmaculada C. Álvarez 
Author-X-Name-First: Inmaculada C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Álvarez 
Author-Name: Ángel M. Prieto 
Author-X-Name-First: Ángel M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Prieto 
Author-Name: José L. Zofío 
Author-X-Name-First: José L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zofío 
Title: Cost Efficiency, Urban Patterns and Population Density When Providing Public Infrastructure: A Stochastic Frontier Approach 
Abstract:
 Relying on stochastic frontier analysis we propose
 a methodology to study the technological characteristics and cost
 efficiency levels related to the provision of public infrastructure for
 basic utilities. The methodology assumes a cost minimizing behaviour on
 the part of public officials when planning the construction of local
 infrastructure, which is represented by way of a flexible translog cost
 function. Introducing relevant definitions of scale economies, associated
 with larger numbers of inhabitants and dwellings, as well as economies of
 density, brought about by reductions in urban dispersion, we analytically
 determine the optimal population densities for which average cost is
 minimized. We illustrate our model with the water cycle sector, including
 water distribution, sewage collection and cleansing of wastewater, and
 considering data at the municipality level for the Spanish region of
 Castilla y León. The obtained results indicate potential cost savings in
 the form of decreasing average costs, as relevant scale and density
 economies are present, along with large inefficiency levels. Relevant
 policy guidelines favouring larger and denser urban sizes are drawn, as
 the observed cost excess is the result of a general suboptimal urban size
 in terms of population density, and the negative effects of dispersed
 settlement patterns.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1235-1258 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.778957 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.778957 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Evans 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Evans 
Author-Name: Jay Karecha 
Author-X-Name-First: Jay 
Author-X-Name-Last: Karecha 
Title: Staying on Top: Why is Munich so Resilient and Successful? 
Abstract:
 <italic>This article seeks to explain why Munich,
 Germany's most economically successful city in recent decades, has proved
 so resilient despite various challenges and shocks. It begins by
 discussing different theoretical understandings of resilience and our
 methodological approach which builds on complex adaptive systems and
 evolutionary economic geography perspectives. Using a blend of historical
 analysis and in-depth investigation of the dynamics of one of the city's
 most innovative clusters, we argue that Munich's resilience essentially
 stems from the complex interplay of Germany's distinctive political
 history and federal system, which has promoted multi-level governance and
 a strong urban system, longstanding city regional leadership and
 entrepreneurialism, Munich's inherent assets and diverse economy and the
 combined strength of its many knowledge institutions, innovation system
 and networks. The evidence suggests that historic, structural and
 locational factors and agglomeration effects largely explain Munich's rise
 to prominence but that sustained urban and regional leadership and
 effective governance and policy especially in the technological,
 scientific and educational spheres coupled with intelligent urban planning
 have played an increasingly important role in sustaining its
 competitiveness.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1259-1279 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.778958 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.778958 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pere Serra 
Author-X-Name-First: Pere 
Author-X-Name-Last: Serra 
Author-Name: Ana Vera 
Author-X-Name-First: Ana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vera 
Author-Name: Antoni Francesc Tulla 
Author-X-Name-First: Antoni Francesc 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tulla 
Title: Spatial and Socio-environmental Dynamics of Catalan Regional Planning from a Multivariate Statistical Analysis Using 1980s and 2000s Data 
Abstract:
 <italic>This article summarizes the protocol
 applied to analyse the spatial consequences of diverse regional plans
 included in the General Spatial Planning of Catalonia (GSPC)
 municipalities since 1985. The main aims of the GSPC were to achieve a
 more balanced distribution of population, avoiding Barcelona metropolitan
 region congestion, coastal overcrowding and mountain areas depopulation,
 and to improve mobility infrastructures and social welfare. The
 methodology used was based on factor analysis that reduced 30
 socioeconomic and geographic variables provided by different sources into
 a smaller number of common factors. Afterwards a non-hierarchical
 clustering was employed to simplify the analysis of dynamics. The six
 first common factors retained in the model explained the 82.6% of total
 variance. After labelling them, six clusters were mapped to describe the
 most important dynamics: urban sprawl, urbanalization, depopulation,
 reterritorialization and coastalization. Finally, some socio-environmental
 consequences of such dynamics are discussed.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1280-1300 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.782388 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.782388 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anna M. Hersperger 
Author-X-Name-First: Anna M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hersperger 
Author-Name: Maria-Pia Gennaio Franscini 
Author-X-Name-First: Maria-Pia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gennaio Franscini 
Author-Name: Daniel Kübler 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kübler 
Title: Actors, Decisions and Policy Changes in Local Urbanization 
Abstract:
 Land-use policies have long been recognized as
 important driving forces of urbanization, but little research has been
 conducted on the interrelationship of actors, policy decision processes
 and changes in the built environment. In this paper, we use the advocacy
 coalition framework to analyse policy decisions that affected the
 development of the built environment in three Swiss municipalities between
 1970 and 2007. We found that all three municipalities experienced the same
 major policy changes, namely a new definition of the role of urban
 management (1970s); the adoption of an environment- and problem-oriented
 approach in land-use planning (1980s) as well as an increased emphasis on
 public participation and intra-municipal coordination (1990s). Although
 national laws and actors have shaped the crucial driving forces of urban
 change, local actors, their coalitions and the local distribution of
 resources crucially determined these decisions in the study period. Our
 findings suggest that a stronger focus on local actors, their coalitions
 and resources could greatly improve our understanding of spatial
 development processes in Switzerland. For instance, as land ownership
 turned out to be a crucial resource, Swiss municipalities could benefit
 from engaging more actively in the land market.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1301-1319 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.783557 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.783557 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Szilvia Gyimóthy 
Author-X-Name-First: Szilvia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gyimóthy 
Title: Trends in European Tourism Planning and Organisation 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1320-1323 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.874238 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.874238 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zoltán Bajmócy 
Author-X-Name-First: Zoltán 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bajmócy 
Author-Name: György Málovics 
Author-X-Name-First: György 
Author-X-Name-Last: Málovics 
Author-Name: Judit Gébert 
Author-X-Name-First: Judit 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gébert 
Title: On the Informational Basis of Regional Innovation Policy: From Growth to Capabilities 
Abstract:
 The shift from the linear to the innovation
 system-based approach has resulted in the emergence of differentiated
 regional innovation policy. However, certain common presumptions bind
 these location-specific policies together. The set of information that is
 used to design these policies and the set of information excluded are
 fairly similar. The theoretical sections of this paper provide a critical
 review on the informational basis of regional innovation policy by
 contrasting the interpretations of the welfare effects of technological
 change in the utilitarian tradition and in Sen's capability approach. The
 empirical sections analyse the correspondence of the innovation capacity
 and welfare (well-being) situation in a Hungarian micro-regional data set.
 We conclude that the conventional informational basis of innovation policy
 is too narrow from a welfare perspective. Not only should the differences
 in the innovation systems, but also the peculiarities of the region's
 welfare situation be considered during the design of innovation policy.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1325-1341 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.786682 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.786682 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Espinosa 
Author-X-Name-First: Maria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Espinosa 
Author-Name: Demetrios Psaltopoulos 
Author-X-Name-First: Demetrios 
Author-X-Name-Last: Psaltopoulos 
Author-Name: Fabien Santini 
Author-X-Name-First: Fabien 
Author-X-Name-Last: Santini 
Author-Name: Euan Phimister 
Author-X-Name-First: Euan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Phimister 
Author-Name: Deborah Roberts 
Author-X-Name-First: Deborah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Roberts 
Author-Name: Sebastien Mary 
Author-X-Name-First: Sebastien 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mary 
Author-Name: Tomas Ratinger 
Author-X-Name-First: Tomas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ratinger 
Author-Name: Dimitris Skuras 
Author-X-Name-First: Dimitris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Skuras 
Author-Name: Eudokia Balamou 
Author-X-Name-First: Eudokia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Balamou 
Author-Name: Manuel A. Cardenete 
Author-X-Name-First: Manuel A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cardenete 
Author-Name: Sergio Gomez y Paloma 
Author-X-Name-First: Sergio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gomez y Paloma 
Title: <italic>Ex-Ante</italic> Analysis of the Regional Impacts of the Common Agricultural Policy: A Rural-Urban Recursive Dynamic CGE Model Approach 
Abstract:
 A recursive dynamic regional Computable General
 Equilibrium model is developed to assess the economic impacts of two
 Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) scenarios in six NUTS-3 (Nomenclature of
 Territorial Units for Statistics) (NUTS-1: major socio-economic regions,
 NUTS-2: basic regions for the application of regional policies, NUTS-3:
 small regions for specific diagnoses) regions of the European Union (EU).
 The main goal of the analysis is to assess the scenario effects (change in
 production, prices, income, employment) in the rural and urban parts of
 these regions as well as on the different sectors. The two scenarios
 analysed are related to a 30% reduction in Pillar 1 (market measures and
 direct support to farmers) support and the introduction of an EU-wide flat
 rate level of Pillar 1 support complemented by a 45% increase in Pillar 2
 (Rural Development Policy) funds. Results show that the overall gross
 domestic product effects are not significant, due to the relatively low
 importance of both the agricultural sector and CAP spending in the
 regional economies. However, impacts on the agricultural sector are quite
 important and differ according to the nature of the policy shock. Also,
 the structural characteristics of each case study influence the
 rural-urban and sectoral spillovers, including impacts on region-specific
 agricultural activity.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1342-1367 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.786683 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.786683 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dominic Stead 
Author-X-Name-First: Dominic 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stead 
Title: The Rise of Territorial Governance in European Policy 
Abstract:
 The notion of territorial governance has relatively
 recently emerged onto the European policy agenda, and often used in
 relation to the concept of territorial cohesion. To date, the notion has
 been understood and conceptualized in various ways and has been defined
 rather loosely when invoked. This paper examines how the notion is used
 and understood in European policy debates. It questions whether the notion
 is different to general concepts of governance and multi-level governance.
 Three specific characteristics are suggested that might distinguish
 territorial governance from other types of governance: (i) managing
 territorial dynamics, (ii) assessing territorial impacts and (iii)
 delineating policy boundaries.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1368-1383 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.786684 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.786684 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nessa Winston 
Author-X-Name-First: Nessa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Winston 
Title: Sustainable Communities? A Comparative Perspective on Urban Housing in the European Union 
Abstract:
 This paper examines the sustainability of urban
 housing in the European Union. It outlines a number of key criteria for
 assessing the sustainability of urban housing including mixed-use
 developments, higher residential densities, high-quality dwellings and
 neighbourhoods, affordability and food production. Utilizing the 2007
 tranche of the European Quality of Life Survey, it finds significant
 variations between countries in the sustainability of urban housing and
 communities and highlights the leaders and laggards in this regard. The
 relative success of urban areas in Austria, Denmark, Sweden and Finland
 deserves some additional research, although there is scope for
 considerable improvement even in these "leader" countries. The paper
 highlights significant problems with housing and communities in some urban
 locations which must significantly retract from (a) the quality of life of
 residents in these locations and (b) the sustainability of their cities.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1384-1406 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.788612 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.788612 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Teresa González-Gómez 
Author-X-Name-First: Teresa 
Author-X-Name-Last: González-Gómez 
Author-Name: Estrella Gualda 
Author-X-Name-First: Estrella 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gualda 
Title: Cross-Border Networks in Informal and Formal Cooperation in the Border Regions Andalusia-Algarve-Alentejo and South Finland-Estonia 
Abstract:
 Fostering border relations among the people in
 border regions seems a precondition for the future envisagement and
 success of cross-border regions and European Integration. Related studies
 to border relations observe the weakness of these informal border contacts
 and relations. However, weak ties represent an opportunity for
 interaction, and little has been said about how they might play in the
 construction and performance of institutional cross-border cooperation
 (CBC). In this work, we examine the nature of personal border networks of
 professionals working in CBC and how they are interconnected with the
 institutional CBC. This paper is based on a mainly qualitative research of
 two different border regions: Andalusia, Algarve and Alentejo (AAA) and
 South Finland and Estonia (SFE). Nevertheless, the methodology is
 multi-method, using semi-structured interviews, with specific questions
 for applying a social network analysis. Conclusions point out different
 patterns of border relations in both border regions. In AAA, most of the
 cross-border relations are weaker and related to their professional
 involvement in institutional CBC. In SFE, border relations rely both on
 working and personal reasons. All of these cross-border relations imply a
 significant value as opportunities for social capital construction across
 the borders and, hence, for greater interaction and cross-border
 integration.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1407-1424 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.789487 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.789487 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Burcu Turkcan 
Author-X-Name-First: Burcu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Turkcan 
Title: Knowledge Externalities and Knowledge Spillovers in Social Networks: The Case of Izmir Metalwork Industrial District 
Abstract:
 Social networks are the networks based on
 relationships between social entities. Since social interactions are
 directly associated with externalities, these relationships are assumed to
 create opportunities for the network members by providing especially
 knowledge flows. In this context, the main objective of this study is to
 show the role of knowledge externalities in social networks. By following
 this aim, some theoretical derivations are delivered and survey results in
 a small-world network are explained. Consequently, after a brief
 introduction, the first section of this study consists of a theoretical
 model derived by including knowledge externalities in social networks. In
 the second section, a survey applied in Izmir Metalwork Industrial
 District is explained. Finally, in the third section, survey results are
 presented and then conclusions and discussions for further research are
 revealed. Contributions of this study to the related literature are
 three-fold. Firstly, knowledge externalities are added to the models of
 knowledge flows in social networks explicitly. Secondly, a questionnaire
 trying to measure knowledge spillovers and knowledge externalities
 separately is introduced and applied for the first time in the literature.
 Finally, such an analysis is the first for Izmir which is the third
 metropolitan city of Turkey.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1425-1443 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.789488 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.789488 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ulla Higdem 
Author-X-Name-First: Ulla 
Author-X-Name-Last: Higdem 
Author-Name: Gro Sandkj&aelig;r Hanssen 
Author-X-Name-First: Gro Sandkj&aelig;r 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanssen 
Title: Handling the Two Conflicting Discourses of Partnerships and Participation in Regional Planning 
Abstract:
 <italic>This article argues that regional planning
 is dominated by two conflicting discourses that have different principles
 of involvement: the discourse of partnerships and the discourse of broad
 participation. These discourses and principles are not easy to reconcile
 in practice. On the basis of studies in the literature and a comprehensive
 case study, this article discusses how these conflicting discourses in
 regional planning challenge democratic norms, and how this problem is
 dealt with by the regional political leadership. The article shows that
 the use of meta-governance strategies and broad arenas of participation
 might be used in this respect, for example, by constantly having a focus
 on maintaining democratic anchorage when partnerships are used in regional
 planning processes.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1444-1461 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.791966 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.791966 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Manuel Fernández-Esquinas 
Author-X-Name-First: Manuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández-Esquinas 
Author-Name: Hugo Pinto 
Author-X-Name-First: Hugo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pinto 
Title: The Role of Universities in Urban Regeneration: Reframing the Analytical Approach 
Abstract:
 Universities have resources for urban dynamics that
 are difficult to provide by other means. For this reason, these
 organizations are crucial actors in urban regeneration. This article sets
 out a conceptual framework for the analysis of the role played by higher
 education institutions in urban renewal initiatives. It is based on an
 integrated analysis of the uses of the university both as promoters of
 business innovation and in terms of their civic and social outcomes. Urban
 regeneration of cities in decline is used as a "strategic research site"
 to understand universities' potential. The discussion is organized around
 four types of contributions: physical infrastructure, human resources,
 economic development and civic engagement. The debate enlightens the
 options for integrating universities' capabilities as an asset for urban
 regeneration and sets out implications for the institutionalization of
 practices and decision-making in this field.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1462-1483 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.791967 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.791967 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tim Marshall 
Author-X-Name-First: Tim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marshall 
Title: The European Union and Major Infrastructure Policies: The Reforms of the Trans-European Networks Programmes and the Implications for Spatial Planning 
Abstract:
		      <italic>The European Union (EU) has been involved in
 influencing major infrastructure in the fields of transport and energy
 mainly by means of the Trans-European Networks (TENs) programme begun in
 the 1990s. Other macro-planning and wider spatial planning exercises,
 including the European Spatial Development Perspective, made reference to
 such infrastructure systems, particularly in relation to the need for
 connectivity and mobility, but normally did not attempt to intervene in an
 area seen as one of the prerogatives of national states. Much more
 important have been the wider programmes of liberalization pressed by the
 EU since the 1980s, but these have had no specific geographical content. A
 revision of the TENs programmes since 2008 has led to proposals to
 increase the role of the EU, by drawing up continent wide schemas
 indicating needs for future investment in many fields of both transport
 and energy, and introducing new procedures to streamline decision-making
 by designating projects as of European interest. The initiatives in
 transport and energy are described here, including the two Regulations
 currently under discussion within the EU institutions. These include major
 proposals for cross-European multi-modal transport corridors within an EU
 core network, and regional schemas for energy drawn up primarily by energy
 industries and government counterparts. Both are likely to be of real
 significance for spatial planners throughout the continent, and have major
 impacts on the shapes of future infrastructure networks. These proposals
 are analysed, as cases of the rescaling and re-ordering of government,
 giving more force to the EU in these fields, and reinforcing sectoral- or
 silo-based decision-making. It is argued that somewhat different outcomes
 will result in the few areas, such as the Baltic, where long-term
 macro-regional collaboration has been present, from the rest of Europe,
 where these sectoral programmes may complicate further the mix of planning
 impacting on each region, making even more confused the accountability of
 governance. Suggestions are made for the careful assessment of these
 schemas by national and regional governments, and for the creation of some
 spatial planning analytical capability at the EU level, which could
 examine this type of proposals, with powerful spatial impacts.</italic>    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1484-1506 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.791968 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.791968 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gert-Jan Hospers 
Author-X-Name-First: Gert-Jan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hospers 
Title: Policy Responses to Urban Shrinkage: From Growth Thinking to Civic Engagement 
Abstract:
 More and more European cities are confronted with
 population decline in a structural sense. This development of "urban
 shrinkage" has different causes, but similar effects: the city's hardware,
 software and mindware deteriorate. In this paper, we explore and assess
 policy strategies to respond to urban shrinkage in a European context.
 Four strategies are identified: (1) trivializing shrinkage, (2) countering
 shrinkage, (3) accepting shrinkage and (4) utilizing shrinkage. We suggest
 that accepting shrinkage by improving the quality of life for the city's
 existing residents is the most suitable and sustainable strategy. Dealing
 with shrinkage is a complex urban governance process that asks for a
 mental transformation from growth to shrinkage as well as regional rather
 than local thinking. Moreover, due to the fiscal burden of shrinkage, city
 governments will be increasingly dependent on the willingness of citizens
 to help. Civic engagement, however, is not something that can be simply
 dictated. Therefore we conclude that the authorities of Europe's shrinking
 cities should first enable their citizens to care for their community
 before asking them to do so.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1507-1523 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.793655 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.793655 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Petter N&aelig;ss 
Author-X-Name-First: Petter 
Author-X-Name-Last: N&aelig;ss 
Title: Urban Form, Sustainability and Health: The Case of Greater Oslo 
Abstract:
 Several studies have shown dense urban structures to be favourable in
 order to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from transport, limit energy
 consumption in buildings and protect farmland and natural areas in the
 surroundings of the city. There may, however, be some tensions between
 such a compact urban developmental strategy and considerations of public
 health in urban planning. This paper reviews findings from international
 research on the relationships between urban form and health and
 illustrates some of these effects by comparing statistics on life
 expectancy and the frequency of heart attacks among inhabitants of
 different urban districts in the Norwegian capital Oslo. Since we have
 only had access to aggregate figures at the level of urban districts, the
 results must be interpreted with caution. The currently available results
 do, however, suggest that the densification strategies often recommended
 for reducing the ecological footprints of cities might be encumbered with
 some important drawbacks, seen from a public health perspective. Based on
 the findings, some dilemmas and perspectives for sustainability- and
 health-oriented urban planning are discussed.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1524-1543 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.797383 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.797383 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bastian A. Vollmer 
Author-X-Name-First: Bastian A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vollmer 
Title: Territoriality and Migration in the E.U. Neighbourhood-Spilling over the Wall 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1544-1546 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.887383 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.887383 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henrik Halkier 
Author-X-Name-First: Henrik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Halkier 
Author-Name: Marek Kozak 
Author-X-Name-First: Marek 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kozak 
Author-Name: Bo Svensson 
Author-X-Name-First: Bo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Svensson 
Title: Innovation and Tourism Destination Development 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1547-1550 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.784571 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.784571 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anders Larsson 
Author-X-Name-First: Anders 
Author-X-Name-Last: Larsson 
Author-Name: Kristina N. Lindström 
Author-X-Name-First: Kristina N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lindström 
Title: Bridging the Knowledge-gap Between the Old and the New: Regional Marine Experience Production in Orust, Västra Götaland, Sweden 
Abstract:
 Today many regions in the industrialized world have
 to deal with a transformation from traditional industry such as
 agriculture or manufacturing to service-oriented production such as
 tourism. Nevertheless, few studies highlight the possibilities and
 limitations of inter-sectoral knowledge sharing among stakeholders
 representing these sectors and hence there seem to be missed opportunities
 for mutual collaboration in the era of experience production. Using an
 evolutionary perspective, this article aims to analyse how the leisure
 boat manufacturing and the tourism sectors in the municipality of Orust on
 the Swedish west coast, combine knowledge from these two sectors as a way
 to spur innovation in experience production. The article shows how there
 are a number of limitations to sectoral knowledge interaction. Some of
 them can be linked to the conservative nature of the traditional industry,
 and to the immature nature of the tourism sector, others to the role of
 policy. However, at the same time as there being a number of obstacles for
 collaboration, the article reveals some interesting possibilities to form
 inter-sectoral knowledge sharing.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1551-1568 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.784578 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.784578 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eva Gustafsson 
Author-X-Name-First: Eva 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gustafsson 
Author-Name: Mia Larson 
Author-X-Name-First: Mia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Larson 
Author-Name: Bo Svensson 
Author-X-Name-First: Bo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Svensson 
Title: Governance in Multi-Project Networks: Lessons from a Failed Destination Branding Effort 
Abstract:
 This article describes and analyses the process in
 which the establishment of a Christmas market led to an attempt to
 establish a regional destination brand named "Delightful Christmas". Our
 focus is on the network dynamics of the process, in particular its
 multi-project network characteristics. Empirical findings are based on
 qualitative data from personal interviews, participant observation and
 documentation in an action research approach. The process is analysed as a
 so-called project network (Hellgren & Stjernberg, 1995) involving
 different actors having different aims in event and destination brand
 development, thus creating a process with actors of existing, but
 resource-lacking, dependencies. Despite the disagreements between actors,
 the common beliefs and hopes for the integrated destination theme remained
 and innovative work continued for about three years in an environment
 where conditions were difficult due to insufficient financial resources,
 project coordination and long-term strategic planning. Conclusions concern
 the dynamics of a complex multi-project network organization and how its
 failure can be explained.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1569-1586 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.784588 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.784588 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bodil Stilling Blichfeldt 
Author-X-Name-First: Bodil Stilling 
Author-X-Name-Last: Blichfeldt 
Author-Name: Henrik Halkier 
Author-X-Name-First: Henrik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Halkier 
Title: Mussels, Tourism and Community Development: A Case Study of Place Branding Through Food Festivals in Rural North Jutland, Denmark 
Abstract:
 Rural areas are facing prospects of marginalization
 and peripherality in an age of globalization where the attention of
 governments and media focuses increasingly on the (lack of)
 competitiveness of urban and metropolitan regions in Europe. Many rural
 areas have, therefore, searched for ways to improve their position
 vis-à-vis other localities by mobilizing local resources and employing
 policy tools that are believed to foster indigenous social and economic
 development, including place branding. Unsurprisingly, using food as a
 means to profile rural localities has become widespread, with branding
 efforts revolving around local food festivals that commodify local
 cultural resources. The article attempts to illuminate the challenges
 faced by branding processes in rural areas through a case study of
 Løgstør, a small rural town in North Jutland, Denmark, which builds its
 branding efforts around an annual mussel festival. The analysis focuses on
 the relationship between stakeholders and branding strategies, and in
 particular aims to uncover the role of the food festival in aggravating or
 alleviating inherent tensions between different stakeholders and target
 groups. It is argued that in the case of Løgstør making a food festival
 pivotal, a signature event for the place branding efforts has been
 created, which appeals to both external and internal audiences, and that
 this may hold wider lessons for place-branding initiatives in other small
 towns across Europe.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1587-1603 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.784594 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.784594 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marek W. Kozak 
Author-X-Name-First: Marek W. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kozak 
Title: Innovation, Tourism and Destination Development: Dolno&#x15b;l&#x105;skie Case Study 
Abstract:
 There is more to success in destination development
 than just natural or cultural heritage and assets. Increasing
 globalization and changes in the realm of tourism, both in supply and
 demand, helped to identify and recognize new development factors. Skilful
 application of various drivers and mobilization of stakeholders around
 well-defined development objectives may bring unique results in terms of
 creating a multidimensional, complex and innovative mega-product. Until
 now, public administration has been unable to identify timely innovative
 features and the high promotional and social potential in the Palaces and
 Gardens Valley project. Instead, the main drivers behind its success have,
 therefore, to be sought outside public policies, among new development
 factors utilized by private sector and non-governmental organizations.
 However, in the long run, recently intensifying close cooperation of
 public and private bodies is a condition of further development of the
 project in question.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1604-1624 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.784597 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.784597 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Susanna Heldt Cassel 
Author-X-Name-First: Susanna Heldt 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cassel 
Author-Name: Albina Pashkevich 
Author-X-Name-First: Albina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pashkevich 
Title: World Heritage and Tourism Innovation: Institutional Frameworks and Local Adaptation 
Abstract:
 The interest in heritage as a tool for destination
 development has recently been substantial in Sweden, especially when it
 comes to receiving World Heritage (WH) status. The possibility of using
 the WH brand in developing tourism products and marketing destinations has
 great potential for many heritage destinations. The aim of this paper is
 to discuss innovation processes within heritage tourism. The focus is on
 the role of WH status as a factor influencing innovative practices at
 different Swedish WH sites. This study uses qualitative methods, such as
 interviews and analysis of written material from five selected Swedish WH
 sites, with in-depth analysis of the Great Copper Mountain in Falun. To
 what extent does WH status change the preconditions for tourism
 development at WH destinations? What is the role of institutional
 frameworks in this process? This paper will show how WH may facilitate
 tourism innovation mainly through developing new products and marketing
 strategies, but also by institutional innovations concerning new forms of
 collaboration and networks.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1625-1640 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.784605 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.784605 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ingeborg Nordbø 
Author-X-Name-First: Ingeborg 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nordbø 
Title: Beyond the Transfer of Capital? Second-Home Owners as Competence Brokers for Rural Entrepreneurship and Innovation 
Abstract:
 The current paper addresses the possible role of
 second-home owners as competence brokers in terms of rural
 entrepreneurship and innovation. Empirically, the paper draws on a case
 study of second-home owners from two municipalities in Telemark, one of
 the regions with the highest densities of second homes in Norway. Data
 were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire on 2200 second-home
 owners and with a response rate of 43% and 47%, respectively. The study
 results show that the second-home owners demonstrate in different ways a
 genuine interest in their second-home community, and also a willingness to
 use their knowledge and competence to contribute to the development of the
 local economy. Furthermore, we have also seen that an impressive number of
 second-home owners are educated to a higher level, within a variety of
 industrial fields and sectors, and have extensive managerial and hands-on
 experience from establishing and developing companies: in other words,
 they have both the interest and willingness and the required skills and
 experiences to become important competence brokers for local
 entrepreneurship and innovation.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1641-1658 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.784608 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.784608 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henrik Halkier 
Author-X-Name-First: Henrik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Halkier 
Title: Innovation and Destination Governance in Denmark: Tourism, Policy Networks and Spatial Development 
Abstract:
 For more than a decade, tourist destinations in
 Denmark have experienced decreasing market shares and numbers of
 international visitors in comparison with the early 1990s. Despite this
 stagnation, destination development initiatives and national tourism
 policies have continued largely unaltered, relying on traditional efforts
 like collective marketing and local visitor information services, while
 giving limited priority to innovation-oriented measures that could improve
 the international attractiveness of Danish destinations by renewing the
 tourist experiences available. The article argues (1) that important
 reasons for the slow adoption of new destination development strategies
 can be found in the domination of tourism-related policy networks by
 short-term sectoral and localist interests, and (2) that recent reforms of
 subnational and sectoral governance have only improved the prospects of
 introduction of more innovation-oriented destination development policies
 to a limited extent.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1659-1670 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.784609 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.784609 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Markus Pillmayer 
Author-X-Name-First: Markus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pillmayer 
Author-Name: Nicolai Scherle 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicolai 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scherle 
Title: Tourism Lobbying in Bavaria: Between Ignorance, Parochialism and Opportunism 
Abstract:
 The subject of lobbying in the context of
 destinations is still a largely unstudied research field both in relation
 to specific destinations and from the perspective of planning. This is all
 the more remarkable when we consider that-despite its ambivalent public
 perception-successful lobbying is a crucial success factor in the
 positioning of destinations on a highly globalized tourism market with its
 rapidly changing supply and demand structures. In this article, we analyze
 the current lobbying structures in Bavaria, one of the leading European
 destinations. Bavarian tourism finds itself in an exceedingly complex
 situation today caught between diminishing competitiveness, especially
 considering the persistent investment backlog, and exceedingly ambitious
 tourism policies. Using semi-structured interviews we investigated how key
 policy-makers and representatives of the tourism business currently
 appraise tourism lobbying in Bavaria. From their assessments, we derive
 recommendations that should help to optimize lobbying structures and
 processes.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1671-1692 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.784612 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.784612 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Teis Hansen 
Author-X-Name-First: Teis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen 
Author-Name: Lars Winther 
Author-X-Name-First: Lars 
Author-X-Name-Last: Winther 
Author-Name: Ronnie Fib&aelig;k Hansen 
Author-X-Name-First: Ronnie Fib&aelig;k 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen 
Title: Human Capital in Low-Tech Manufacturing: The Geography of the Knowledge Economy in Denmark 
Abstract:
 An essential feature associated with the rise of
 the knowledge economy has been the increasing focus on the importance of
 human capital as a precondition for economic growth. Human capital has
 been found to have a positive impact on the economic growth of high-tech
 industries, however, the influence of human capital on the development of
 low-tech industries is yet to be analysed. This paper provides such an
 examination of low-tech industries based on an analysis of employment data
 within manufacturing industries in Denmark in the period 1993-2006. The
 findings highlight, first, that human capital appears to be equally
 important for economic development in low-tech industries and, second,
 that the divide between the large urban regions, especially Copenhagen,
 and the rest of the country plays the primary role in explaining the
 geography of human capital. These findings stress the relevance of a broad
 conception of the knowledge economy which goes beyond high-tech
 industries.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1693-1710 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.797384 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.797384 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nina Buhr 
Author-X-Name-First: Nina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Buhr 
Author-Name: Michael Rode 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rode 
Author-Name: Helga Kanning 
Author-X-Name-First: Helga 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kanning 
Title: Effectiveness of Planning Instruments for Minimizing Spatial Conflicts of Biogas Production 
Abstract:
 The energy policy in Germany encourages an
 ever-greater utilization of biomass to produce biogas. But this
 utilization interferes on the natural resources and affects new conflicts
 regarding other forms of land use particularly flood prevention measures,
 drinking water supply and recreation. A forward-looking planning is needed
 to minimize these conflicts. Hence, this paper aims to derive quality and
 protection standards, summarized in checklists, assessing the
 effectiveness of different planning instruments with respect to the impact
 of biogas production in practice. These checklists were used in four model
 districts in Lower Saxony to evaluate the effectiveness of planning
 instruments on the regional level. The results show that the investigated
 Regional Planning Programmes do not contain any explicit planning
 statements as to the production of biomass or biogas. Specific regulations
 regarding potential conflict situations are mainly to be found in the
 respective Protected Area Regulations. However, generally the German
 spatial planning and sectoral planning provide options to control the
 production of biogas in a way that it is compatible with the majority of
 competing land uses.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1711-1734 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.798266 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.798266 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Li Sheng 
Author-X-Name-First: Li 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sheng 
Title: The Effects of Foreign Expansion on Local Growth: The Case of Macao 
Abstract:
 This paper develops a simple model to illustrate
 the scenario of unsustainable development in a foreign-dominated casino
 city. We argue that instead of allowing the uncontrolled expansion of
 foreign casinos, the host community should protect and promote local
 gambling businesses for the sake of promoting sustainable development.
 Macao is used as a case study.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1735-1743 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.799634 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.799634 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Richard Lang 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lang 
Author-Name: Andreas Novy 
Author-X-Name-First: Andreas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Novy 
Title: Cooperative Housing and Social Cohesion: The Role of Linking Social Capital 
Abstract:
 The article examines the role of housing
 cooperatives for social cohesion in the city by introducing linking social
 capital which grasps the vertical dimension of social capital. Housing
 cooperatives represent a crucial intermediate level between residents and
 urban housing policy, thus providing opportunity structures for
 bottom-linked citizen participation. Drawing on the case of Vienna, a
 large-scale household survey and interviews with key informants provide
 empirical evidence on the importance of a form of social capital which
 links actors at different levels in the spatial hierarchy: residents,
 housing managers and political decision-makers. The findings add to our
 understanding of the opportunities and problems with resident
 participation in a policy field structured by multi-level governance. Our
 two-level analysis shows that the dominant model of governance, top-down
 as well as neoliberal, has structurally limited the room for participatory
 practices in cooperative housing. Nevertheless, we argue that professional
 housing cooperatives have a potential to give residents a voice beyond the
 neighbourhood. Their strong linkages with public decision-makers at
 different scales can help leverage ideas and resources of residents.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1744-1764 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.800025 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.800025 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Trandberg Jensen 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin Trandberg 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jensen 
Title: Handbook on the Experience Economy 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1765-1767 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.888280 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.888280 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan Szücs 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Szücs 
Author-Name: Olof Zaring 
Author-X-Name-First: Olof 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zaring 
Title: Innovation Governance Nexuses: Mapping Local Governments' University-Industry Relations and Specialization in High Technology in Sweden 
Abstract:
 In this paper, we take as a point of departure an
 assumption that innovation governance matters as a local and regional
 policy instrument, and consequently we investigate whether local policy
 can be linked to local industry. To do this, we use Swedish survey data on
 policy and high-tech agglomeration at the level of municipalities and
 present evidence on innovation governance nexuses, i.e. locations with
 greater industrial specialization paired with stronger formalization of
 innovation governance. Theoretically, this paper follows the literature on
 regional advantage, but a novel approach is used in which innovation
 governance literature is linked to that advantage. The findings indicate
 that these types of policy instruments are useful by creating networks
 that channel and direct resource and knowledge flows, particularly at
 locations with higher education institutions.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1769-1782 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.801401 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.801401 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sharmistha Bagchi-Sen 
Author-X-Name-First: Sharmistha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bagchi-Sen 
Author-Name: Helen Lawton Smith 
Author-X-Name-First: Helen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lawton Smith 
Title: Firm Heterogeneity in Biotech: Absorptive Capacity, Strategies and Local-Regional Connections 
Abstract:
 This paper focuses on the characteristics of
 biotech firms with various levels of research and development (R&D)
 activity. It is done by exploring the relationship between R&D intensity,
 alliances and the extent of regionalization of firms' activities using
 evidence from a survey of US-based biotechnology firms. We profile two
 firm prototypes: research-oriented firms and product-oriented firms,
 focusing on their characteristics, strategies and operations. These
 include activities devoted to exploration and exploitation through
 alliances with universities (more exploration) and with pharmaceutical
 companies (exploration and exploitation), and locational needs which
 facilitate both exploration and exploitation.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1783-1801 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.801572 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.801572 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Massimo Florio 
Author-X-Name-First: Massimo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Florio 
Author-Name: Luigi Moretti 
Author-X-Name-First: Luigi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moretti 
Title: The Effect of Business Support on Employment in Manufacturing: Evidence from the European Union Structural Funds in Germany, Italy and Spain 
Abstract:
 This study investigates employment growth in the
 business activities supported by the European Cohesion Policy. We examine
 cross-industry, cross-regional variations in a sample of fourteen
 manufacturing industries and seventy European regions (in Germany, Italy
 and Spain) and take advantage of detailed European Union Structural Funds
 data at the regional level for the period 2000-2006. We show that business
 support is positively associated with higher employment growth in
 industries that are initially smaller and in those with higher growth
 opportunities. The results suggest that direct support to businesses by
 the European Cohesion Policy contributes to the growth process of
 employment in different industries. Because previous estimated effects at
 the aggregate level may in fact conceal large differences across
 industries, we conclude that our empirical analysis contributes to the
 understanding of how Structural Funds can affect industrial and regional
 development as well as adjustment paths.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1802-1823 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.805731 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.805731 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Constance Carr 
Author-X-Name-First: Constance 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carr 
Title: Discourse Yes, Implementation Maybe: An Immobility and Paralysis of Sustainable Development Policy 
Abstract:
 Sustainable development policies are on the move.
 Cities the world over are repositioning, repackaging and remarketing
 themselves as green and sustainable, and sustainable development is the
 moniker imported to spark the process. At the same time, sustainable
 development, as a normative point of departure, is itself going through
 cycles of reinterpretation and re-composition. The research in this
 article aims to understand this process by mapping the trajectories of
 sustainable development policies, and understanding sustainable
 development as a contextually grounded policy in motion. In Luxembourg, as
 planners are confronted with finding ways to manage growth, sustainable
 development has come to permeate all levels of the planning system. To
 understand how this came into being, research methods were employed that
 included document screening and a series of conversational interviews that
 were later transcribed and coded. In so doing, the discourse around
 sustainable development policy could be reconstructed and analysed. The
 results showed that the multi-scalar, cross-national, and simultaneously
 micro-level governance structures pose many obstructions to the
 implementation of sustainable development policies that are imported from
 abroad. Thus, policy is ultimately immobile, and a policy paralysis can be
 considered.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1824-1840 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.806433 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.806433 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michelle Norris 
Author-X-Name-First: Michelle 
Author-X-Name-Last: Norris 
Author-Name: Menelaos Gkartzios 
Author-X-Name-First: Menelaos 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gkartzios 
Author-Name: Dermot Coates 
Author-X-Name-First: Dermot 
Author-X-Name-Last: Coates 
Title: Property-Led Urban, Town and Rural Regeneration in Ireland: Positive and Perverse Outcomes in Different Spatial and Socio-Economic Contexts 
Abstract:
 In the mid-1980s, fiscal incentives were introduced
 to encourage the construction and refurbishment of residential
 developments in declining inner-city districts in Ireland. These were
 abolished in 2006 but, during the intervening period, their focus was
 extended to include: large towns, small towns and a large rural region.
 Concurrently, the context for their implementation changed as an economic
 boom replaced prolonged economic stagnation. This article examines the
 changing design of these incentives, their outputs and their intended and
 unintended impacts. It argues that, initially they were successful in
 drawing development into declining neighbourhoods, but the extension of
 their lifespan and spatial focus created negative perverse impacts and
 deadweight costs for the exchequer. Thus it concludes that this
 regeneration strategy is useful for animating development in brownfield
 sites, where there is demand for housing but also barriers to its
 development. If applied to rural areas where housing demand is weaker,
 they can generate excess supply and limited benefits for public
 investment.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1841-1861 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.806434 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.806434 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Srholec 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Srholec 
Author-Name: Pavla &Zcaron;í&zcaron;alová 
Author-X-Name-First: Pavla 
Author-X-Name-Last: &Zcaron;í&zcaron;alová 
Title: Mapping the Geography of R&D: What Can We Learn for Regional Innovation Policy in the Czech Republic and Beyond? 
Abstract:
 Administrative regions do not necessarily
 correspond to areas that are homogenous in terms of innovation intensity.
 Although this has been recognized in the literature, quantitative evidence
 that explicitly considers this problem is rare. Using spatial exploratory
 analysis on detailed regional data derived from a census of R&D performers
 in the Czech Republic, we identify local spatial clusters of R&D
 activities and assess the extent of their (mis)match with administrative
 borders. Overall, the results support the arguments for regionalization of
 innovation policy. However, the existing policy units do not appear well
 suited for this purpose. On one hand, there is a need for policy
 coordination between multiple administrative regions. On the other hand,
 however, there are diverse patterns within them. Similar problems are
 likely to haunt the regionalization process in many other countries, which
 is alarming, as the regional accent of innovation policies becomes ever
 more vehement over time.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1862-1878 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.806435 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.806435 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vassilis Tselios 
Author-X-Name-First: Vassilis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tselios 
Title: Urbanization and Socioeconomic Status in the European Regions: The Role of Population Ageing and Capital City Regions 
Abstract:
 Using the European Community Household Panel data
 survey and confirmatory factor analysis, this paper explores the causal
 relationship between the multidimensional concepts of urbanization and
 socioeconomic status in the European Union. It shows that income,
 education and occupation are strongly related to status, and the density
 of population area and the town size, to urbanization. The relationship
 between urbanization and status is positive. This means that urban areas
 contain the residences of the elite, such as the rich, those with high
 levels of educational attainment and people with high-calibre jobs. This
 paper does not provide evidence to support the idea that individuals lose
 socioeconomic status as they age and that status is higher in capital city
 regions. The relationship between urbanization and status is relatively
 stronger for the old working-age cohort and for the non-capital city
 regions. These results have policy implications with regard to social
 welfare and urban and regional planning and development.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1879-1901 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.812063 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.812063 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mads Bruun Ingstrup 
Author-X-Name-First: Mads Bruun 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ingstrup 
Title: When Firms Take the Lead in Facilitating Clusters 
Abstract:
 This paper focuses on the role of lead firms and
 their efforts to facilitate the development of clusters. Several clusters
 are known for the location of the lead firms that create and shape them,
 for example, by increasing their skill base, attracting suppliers and
 creating entrepreneurial activity. However, the literature suffers from
 insufficient dialogue on the role of lead firms as facilitators of
 clusters and on how the developmental differences in clusters affect the
 facilitation performed, and thus the benefits delivered, by lead firms. A
 key question then is how does the facilitation by lead firms differ in a
 top-down cluster from that in a bottom-up cluster? The paper is based on a
 comparative case study investigating the facilitating role of a lead firm
 within two clusters: Medicon Valley (top-down) and Mechatronics Cluster
 Denmark (bottom-up). The main conclusion reached is that lead firms in
 top-down clusters and in bottom-up clusters contribute with quite similar
 and overlapping cluster benefits, but the way in which these benefits are
 delivered differs greatly.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1902-1918 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.812064 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.812064 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrew Smith 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith 
Title: "De-Risking" East London: Olympic Regeneration Planning 2000-2012 
Abstract:
 The concept of legacy has emerged in the
 twenty-first century as a dominant narrative within mega-event projects.
 Accordingly, event hosts now engage in detailed legacy planning. This
 often means creating new agencies and new plans; something that has
 important implications for wider urban governance and planning. This paper
 focuses on initiatives attached to the 2012 Olympic Games in London. One
 of the main aims of staging the Games was regenerating East London; and
 the pre-event planning (2000-2012) associated with this legacy promise is
 the focus here. Using evidence collected from primary and secondary
 research, the paper records how the governance and planning arrangements
 evolved over 2000-2012. These were designed to achieve regeneration
 effects at different scales; in the Olympic Park, the fringes of the Park
 and in the wider sub-region. The paper acknowledges the pioneering work
 undertaken in London, but also identifies the key issues, challenges and
 dilemmas involved. The paper concludes that Olympic regeneration planning
 has rescaled regeneration governance in London, privileging city-wide and
 national stakeholders. It also suggests that, rather than a process driven
 by corporate interests and public-private partnerships, London 2012
 regeneration planning is best understood as government intervention that
 de-risked East London for private-sector investors.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1919-1939 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.812065 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.812065 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shaowei He 
Author-X-Name-First: Shaowei 
Author-X-Name-Last: He 
Author-Name: Stewart MacNeill 
Author-X-Name-First: Stewart 
Author-X-Name-Last: MacNeill 
Author-Name: Jinmin Wang 
Author-X-Name-First: Jinmin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang 
Title: Assessing Overall Network Structure in Regional Innovation Policies: A Case Study of Cluster Policy in the West Midlands in the UK 
Abstract:
 Revisiting the theoretical roots of the key
 concepts of "embeddedness" and "networks" that underpin many recent
 regional innovation polices, this paper strives to achieve a more
 systematic understanding of the overall network structure of geographic
 agglomerations, which helps to form a more convincing model of regional
 development based on learning. This also helps to establish an analytical
 framework with indicators to assess the overall network structure in
 regional innovation policies. Employing the framework, the examination of
 cluster policy in the West Midlands highlights its weakness in addressing
 the overall cluster network structure and the contingent factors
 influencing the structure. The analysis suggests that there may be similar
 weaknesses in other regional innovation policies and the theories
 underpinning them as they share a common weakness in addressing the
 structural characteristics of overall networks.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1940-1959 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.812066 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.812066 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eduardo Medeiros 
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Medeiros 
Title: Assessing Territorial Impacts of the EU Cohesion Policy: The Portuguese Case 
Abstract:
 This article examines the territorial impacts of
 the EU Cohesion Policy in Portugal, between 1990 and 2010, at the national
 level. To reach some conclusions, after a brief overview of the existing
 literature on territorial impact assessment (TIA) procedures, we present
 the main features of a proposed TIA technique, which we called TARGET_TIA,
 and applied to our study case. This analysis permitted us to go beyond the
 general scope of the EU Cohesion Policy evaluations, which concentrate
 mainly on the socioeconomic and environmental dimensions, by placing on
 evidence other key-territorial dimensions, such as Territorial
 Governance/Cooperation and Polycentricity. Findings indicate that, in
 general, the EU Cohesion Policy had positive territorial impacts in
 Portugal, namely by supporting the construction of absent and necessary
 physical infrastructures. However, the lack of spatial planning and
 strategic vision limited a more effective and efficient use of Cohesion
 Funds in Portugal.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1960-1988 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.813910 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.813910 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Harry Pettit 
Author-X-Name-First: Harry 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pettit 
Title: Cities Without Suburbs: A Census 2010 Perspective, 4th Edition 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1989-1991 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.924219 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.924219 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Asgeir Skålholt 
Author-X-Name-First: Asgeir 
Author-X-Name-Last: Skålholt 
Author-Name: Taran Thune 
Author-X-Name-First: Taran 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thune 
Title: Coping with Economic Crises-The Role of Clusters 
Abstract:
 The paper analyses the role clusters can play in
 coping with the impacts of economic crises, specifically by addressing how
 cluster organizations have acted to meet the challenges following the
 economic crises in Norway in the period 2008-2010. The paper investigates
 whether cluster maturity influences how the cluster acts in response to a
 crisis. To shed light on these questions, survey data from Norwegian
 cluster organizations were collected in two waves (spring 2009 and autumn
 2010), and case studies of four cluster organizations provide further
 detail. The data indicate that clusters play a role in reducing
 uncertainty and improving access to necessary resources in crises periods.
 The data indicate that these advantages are not only due to increased
 collaboration between firms within the cluster, but that cluster
 organizations engage in considerable lobbying on behalf of their firms in
 regards to regional and national policy makers and public funding bodies.
 When comparing the impact experienced by mature and emerging clusters and
 their adaptation strategies, the data show that more mature clusters
 adapted to recent crises by implementing new innovation strategies and
 increasing collaboration and competence-building activities, to a greater
 extent than emerging clusters.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1993-2010 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.813909 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.813909 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Antti Lönnqvist 
Author-X-Name-First: Antti 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lönnqvist 
Author-Name: Jonna Käpylä 
Author-X-Name-First: Jonna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Käpylä 
Author-Name: Henna Salonius 
Author-X-Name-First: Henna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Salonius 
Author-Name: Tan Yigitcanlar 
Author-X-Name-First: Tan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yigitcanlar 
Title: Knowledge That Matters: Identifying Regional Knowledge Assets of the Tampere Region 
Abstract:
 The existing literature considers knowledge as one
 of the key drivers of regional development. The idiosyncratic nature of
 regional knowledge is also acknowledged: each region possesses its unique
 knowledge assets which serve as the basis of value creation. However, what
 is currently not well-known is how the region-specific knowledge assets
 can be identified, for example, in order to manage and develop them. Thus
 this paper aims first to explore how the relevant knowledge assets can be
 identified for a given region, and, second, to describe what the
 context-specific knowledge assets are. These objectives are pursued using
 a qualitative case approach. As a case region, this study focuses on the
 Tampere Region in Finland. The study makes a contribution by providing a
 new insight regarding the contextual identification of regional knowledge
 assets and by illustrating the key knowledge assets of the case region.
 These insights are considered valuable for the regional actors responsible
 for carrying out similar initiatives in their respective regions.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2011-2029 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.814621 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.814621 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Markus Steen 
Author-X-Name-First: Markus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Steen 
Author-Name: Gard Hopsdal Hansen 
Author-X-Name-First: Gard Hopsdal 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen 
Title: Same Sea, Different Ponds: Cross-Sectorial Knowledge Spillovers in the North Sea 
Abstract:
 Knowledge spillovers are crucial to innovation and
 upgrading, but it is largely unclear what knowledge spillovers are made of
 and how they actually happen. The importance of Marshall-Arrow-Romer vs.
 Jacobs externalities is also a debated matter, whereas the concept of
 "related variety" has recently come to occupy a middle-ground position.
 However, the relatedness concept is ambiguous in terms of
 operationalization and emphasizes codified knowledge on behalf of other
 knowledge resources that are important for innovation, particularly if
 firms cross into new sectors. This paper sheds light on the "black box"
 concepts of knowledge spillovers and relatedness by exploring
 cross-sectorial transfers from the mature offshore oil and gas sector into
 the emerging offshore wind industry. A qualitative research design allows
 for a more nuanced understanding of the contents of knowledge spillovers
 and (un)relatedness between sectors.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2030-2049 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.814622 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.814622 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Caterina Cortese 
Author-X-Name-First: Caterina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cortese 
Author-Name: Annegret Haase 
Author-X-Name-First: Annegret 
Author-X-Name-Last: Haase 
Author-Name: Katrin Grossmann 
Author-X-Name-First: Katrin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grossmann 
Author-Name: Iva Ticha 
Author-X-Name-First: Iva 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ticha 
Title: Governing Social Cohesion in Shrinking Cities: The Cases of Ostrava, Genoa and Leipzig 
Abstract:
 Social cohesion always appears more frequently as a
 policy goal of the European strategy that promotes the integration of
 spatial, economic, and social dimensions of growth. This comprehensive
 approach also has to deal with the social consequences of demographic
 change,  tackle urban poverty, and  guarantee access to amenities in
 isolated neighbourhoods. Such objectives represent specific challenges for
 shrinking cities, where processes of population decline, job losses and
 economic constraints as well as financial restrictions create a much more
 complicated starting position and might make the achievement of the social
 cohesion even more difficult than in non-shrinking cities. Set against
 this background, this paper analyses the efforts of three shrinking cities
 (Ostrava, Genoa, Leipzig) to promote social cohesion under the condition
 of urban shrinkage, and examines which policies are being promoted to
 solve problems such as ethnic segregation, ageing, and socio-spatial
 inequalities. The results  show that even though shrinkage does lead to
 increased challenges for social cohesion, the attempts of policies to
 tackle them still appear to be secondary priorities, sectoral rather than
 comprehensive, and involve a certain delay.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2050-2066 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.817540 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.817540 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rob Roggema 
Author-X-Name-First: Rob 
Author-X-Name-Last: Roggema 
Title: Dutch and Australian Planning Regimes: Are They Ready to Face Extreme Climate Impacts? 
Abstract:
 In this study, Dutch and Australian planning
 regimes are examined to determine whether they are ready to face climate
 extremes. Five different "cultural" facets of spatial planning determine
 the differences between the two regimes. These planning characteristics
 are first confronted with current climate change. The Dutch planning
 regime performs better under these conditions than the Australian.
 Secondly, a suite of spatial scenarios is confronted with both current
 change and a changed risk landscape, in which climate extremes are
 introduced. Again, the performance of planning characteristics to deal
 with these new vulnerabilities is tested. For type-1 impacts, exaggerating
 current change, a limited number of Dutch planning characteristics still
 hold, where the majority of Australian planning properties is likely to
 lose functionality. Under type-2 impacts, surprising climate events, the
 Dutch approach is no longer sufficient, while some Australian
 characteristics suddenly imply opportunities. The sectored planning
 approach, together with culturally determined individual responses, might
 prove to offer solace, under the condition that dealing with extreme
 events is made priority. Overall, current regimes face difficulties in
 dealing with surprising climate events and a fundamentally different
 planning approach is required. Swarm Planning, which dynamically deals
 with uncertainty, is proposed as a beneficial new planning method.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2067-2093 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.817541 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.817541 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: José A. Camacho-Ballesta 
Author-X-Name-First: José A. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Camacho-Ballesta 
Author-Name: Yulia Melikhova 
Author-X-Name-First: Yulia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Melikhova 
Author-Name: Manuel Hernández-Peinado 
Author-X-Name-First: Manuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hernández-Peinado 
Title: Localization of Business Services in European Regions: Large Urban Areas Stand Out 
Abstract:
 The recent increase in business services in terms
 of both value added and employment has had a positive effect on regional
 economies, helping them to create a comparative advantage and contributing
 to the general development of regional productive systems. This
 heterogeneous set of activities is characterized, among others, by its
 uneven distribution in the territory. In this paper we aim to identify the
 key factors that influence the location of business services within the
 NUTS 2 regions of the European Union. Using a multivariate analytical
 approach (combining a principal components factor analysis and a multiple
 linear regression by means of ordinary least squares), four key factors
 have been identified. In terms of their influence on the location of
 business services, we can pinpoint the following factors: urban dimension,
 competitiveness, accessibility and economic dynamism. It was found that
 business services tend to locate in urban, densely populated and dynamic
 areas with high levels of competitiveness and easy access.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2094-2115 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.819416 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.819416 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Axel Stein 
Author-X-Name-First: Axel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stein 
Title: Rural Strategies for Coping with the Spatial Unevenness in the Knowledge Society 
Abstract:
 Knowledge has long been a motor for societal
 development. However, the way knowledge is produced, distributed and
 applied has changed considerably and is regionally differentiated. In this
 paper, it is argued that different types of spatial profiles are
 discernable at the broader, national level: (i) Prominent hubs emerge,
 influenced by the knowledge society. (ii) The knowledge society expands to
 rural areas, being located between metropolitan regions, forming corridors
 of development. (iii) Regions with a knowledge society deficit, which
 might be perceived as a sort of "novel periphery", remain. Drawing on
 examples from Germany, this paper examines rural regions which can be seen
 to fit with these profiles, revealing how planning paradigms change in the
 knowledge society and how spatially sensitive stakeholders can and do use
 knowledge as a strategic resource.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2116-2133 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.819734 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.819734 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gareth Abrahams 
Author-X-Name-First: Gareth 
Author-X-Name-Last: Abrahams 
Title: What "Is" Territorial Cohesion? What Does It "Do"?: Essentialist Versus Pragmatic Approaches to Using Concepts 
Abstract:
 The question, "what is territorial cohesion" has
 reverberated through European spatial policy since the publication of the
 European Spatial Development Perspective in 1999. Over the last 10 years,
 the European Spatial Policy Observation Network (ESPON) has made many
 efforts to define and measure the concept of "territorial cohesion". Many
 such attempts assume that a policy concept must be defined in order to be
 "operationalized". Or, in other words, that we must determine what the
 concept is before we can determine what it can or should do. This paper
 challenges this assumption in two parts. In the first, I review a number
 of ESPON projects to show how complex and uncertain these essentialist
 definitions have become. In the second, I analyse a number of national,
 regional and local government responses to the 2008 Green paper. I show
 that, whilst a clear and coherent definition has not been established,
 this concept is already operationalized in different policy frameworks.
 Bringing this together, I argue that users of such concepts ought to
 approach the issue differently, through a pragmatic line of enquiry: one
 that asks what territorial cohesion does, what it might do and how it
 might affect what other concepts, practices and materials do.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2134-2155 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.819838 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.819838 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sabine Weck 
Author-X-Name-First: Sabine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Weck 
Author-Name: Sabine Bei&szlig;wenger 
Author-X-Name-First: Sabine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bei&szlig;wenger 
Title: Coping with Peripheralization: Governance Response in Two German Small Cities 
Abstract:
 Urban governance processes and strategies in small
 cities in times of an integrated global economy have received little
 attention in urban research. However, in Germany as elsewhere they form
 the backbone of the urban system. On the basis of research in two small
 German cities-Pirmasens and Völklingen-this paper discusses local
 governance approaches in reaction to peripheralization. Peripheralization
 here is defined as a process of out-migration, dis-connection, dependency
 and stigmatization. The two case studies show quite different patterns of
 political governance. Pirmasens demonstrates a collective local project on
 how to deal with structural change, while Völklingen shows a more
 fragmented approach to overcoming peripheralization. These different
 political reactions are analysed and related to aspects of specific local
 settings. It is to be hoped that in future cohesion policy at the European
 level, but also on the respective national levels, more active policies
 will be targeted towards nurturing place-based opportunities for small
 cities.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2156-2171 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.819839 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.819839 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sara Cruz 
Author-X-Name-First: Sara 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cruz 
Author-Name: Aurora A.C. Teixeira 
Author-X-Name-First: Aurora A.C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Teixeira 
Title: Assessing the Magnitude of Creative Employment: A Comprehensive Mapping and Estimation of Existing Methodologies 
Abstract:
 The present study surveys and maps the existing
 methodological approaches for measuring creative employment. Based on a
 unique matched employer-employee data-set which encompasses over three
 million Portuguese workers, we found that the magnitude of the creative
 class varies considerably between approaches, ranging from 2.5%, using the
 conventional industry-based taxonomy and 30.8%, using Florida's
 occupational proposal. The disparities are justified on the basis of the
 departure definition of what creative employment is and 
 operationalization issues regarding which industries and occupations
 should  be included. Interestingly, when we focus on "core" creative
 employment, the figures conveyed by the distinct approaches are strikingly
 similar (around 6%), suggesting that, at least where core creative
 employment is concerned, the distinct approaches converge. The diversity
 of approaches and measurements are not necessarily a bad thing in itself,
 but has to be adequately acknowledged in order to accomplish adequate
 public-policy guidance.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2172-2209 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.822475 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.822475 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ann-Katrin Bäcklund 
Author-X-Name-First: Ann-Katrin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bäcklund 
Title: Fair Shared Cities-The Impact of Gender Planning in Europe 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2210-2211 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.906897 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.906897 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sibel Ecemis Kilic 
Author-X-Name-First: Sibel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ecemis Kilic 
Author-Name: Muhammed Aydogan 
Author-X-Name-First: Muhammed 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aydogan 
Title: Spatial Reflections of Population Movements in Gokceada and Sustainable Tourism 
Abstract:
 Since the foundation of the Republic of Turkey 
 Gokceada has experienced many population movements due to various internal
 and external factors. While some of the citizens of the Island who were
 the inhabitants of the traditional settlements left, they were replaced by
 new dwellers. This transformation in the population undoubtedly has paved
 the way for certain changes in the cultural and spatial structure. Besides
 all these changes, the demand for tourism in the Island has increased
 recently. Yet, there is a general expectation that the unique natural
 beauty and historical heritage of the Island should be preserved, and for
 this reason the quality of tourism has an immense significance in terms of
 preserving its natural areas, and its history as a social memory. In this
 study, population movements have occurred since  the foundation of the
 Republic of Turkey is evaluated with respect to the preservation of the
 cultural heritage and sustainability of tourism. For this purpose, a
 literature search, an analysis of the population data and the assessment
 of field surveys have been carried out.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2213-2230 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.820884 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.820884 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: José M. Díaz-Puente 
Author-X-Name-First: José M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Díaz-Puente 
Author-Name: Francisco J. Gallego 
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gallego 
Author-Name: Pablo Vidueira 
Author-X-Name-First: Pablo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vidueira 
Author-Name: María J. Fernández 
Author-X-Name-First: María J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández 
Title: Facilitation in Community Development. Twenty-Five Years of Experience in Rural Territories in Cuenca, Spain 
Abstract:
 The process of facilitation aims to solve community
 problems by encouraging the exploitation of skills through different tools
 implemented by the facilitator. Facilitation has been analysed in the
 context of advanced and established groups with well-defined objectives,
 but not at the start of these groups. This article analyses the
 facilitation process carried out by the Institute of Community Development
 over 25 years with four work groups in rural areas of Cuenca, Spain. The
 leadership role taken on by the facilitator is crucial when it comes to
 identifying and managing the initial efforts required to start the group
 work. During the facilitation process, training and information tools are
 essential. It is also important to see a suitable transfer of roles
 between the facilitator and the stakeholders as they acquire new skills.
 This transfer is crucial for the continuity of the group and can cause
 difficulties if it does not happen.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2231-2247 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.830695 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.830695 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mircea Munteanu 
Author-X-Name-First: Mircea 
Author-X-Name-Last: Munteanu 
Author-Name: Loris Servillo 
Author-X-Name-First: Loris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Servillo 
Title: Romanian Spatial Planning System: Post-Communist Dynamics of Change and Europeanization Processes 
Abstract:
 This paper addresses the post-communist history of
 Romania's spatial planning system with the two-fold aim of describing its
 evolution and identifying the role played by the EU in this process.
 Taking as a starting point the contradiction between the formal goals of
 Romanian spatial planning and the actual spatial development patterns, the
 paper proposes a contextualized analysis of the system's changes. It
 complements the focus on the formal technical dimension with a look at the
 broader socio-political context, driving forces and path dependencies. It
 identifies five episodes within this time frame and argues that they were
 catalysed by factors outside the immediate technical dimension of spatial
 planning, such as the changes in the Romanian political scene, the
 dynamics in the governance and planning culture, the evolution of the
 economy, the actual development patterns and most notably, by the process
 of Europeanization. While often the role of the EU is taken for granted as
 a general positive force for Romania, the paper makes instead the
 distinction between the use of Europeanization as a rhetorical external
 driving force and the real changes brought about by the process.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2248-2267 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.830696 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.830696 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sofie Storbjörk 
Author-X-Name-First: Sofie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Storbjörk 
Author-Name: Mattias Hjerpe 
Author-X-Name-First: Mattias 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hjerpe 
Title: "Sometimes Climate Adaptation is Politically Correct": A Case Study of Planners and Politicians Negotiating Climate Adaptation in Waterfront Spatial Planning 
Abstract:
 Today, spatial planning is expected to deliver
 climate adaptation and to manage, merge and balance various societal
 interests and priorities. To what extent proactive shaping of change is
 enabled by spatial planning practice is less explored. This paper
 illustrates how the ideals and ambitions of climate adaptation are
 manifested in waterfront spatial planning via a case study of Norrköping,
 Sweden. Based on interviews with spatial planners and politicians
 responsible for strategic urban development planning, our study identifies
 a divergence in ambitions, approaches and positions. In local development
 plans, the position taken has less to do with climate risk severity than
 with an area's perceived political and economic attractiveness. When
 perceived attractiveness is low, precautionary climate adaptation serves
 as a pretext not to develop, whereas high perceived attractiveness leads
 to negotiated pragmatism allowing continued waterfront exploitation. We
 also identify a fragmentation in spatial planning, with weak interplay
 between municipal comprehensive planning and local development plans,
 resulting in ad hoc, case-by-case planning. Furthermore, different
 planning actors are organizationally compartmentalized, creating
 unfortunate intra-sectoral silos. We conclude that the integrative,
 proactive and reflexive potentials of spatial planning to deliver climate
 adaptation have yet to be realized.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2268-2286 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.830697 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.830697 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Manuel López-estornell 
Author-X-Name-First: Manuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: López-estornell 
Author-Name: David Barberá-tomás 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barberá-tomás 
Author-Name: Andrés García-reche 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrés 
Author-X-Name-Last: García-reche 
Author-Name: Francisco Mas-verd&uacute; 
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mas-verd&uacute; 
Title: Evolution of Innovation Policy in Emilia-Romagna and Valencia: Similar Reality, Similar Results? 
Abstract:
 This paper examines the evolution of regional
 innovation policy in Emilia-Romagna and Valencia, two regions with similar
 economic features that implemented close innovation policies in the 1970s
 and 1980s. We investigate whether their similarities have led to parallel
 targets, policy tools and governance developments. We show that innovation
 policy in both regions suffered from the effects of privatization, budget
 constraints and changes to manufacturing during the 1990s and we highlight
 the consequences. Although Emilia-Romagna experienced deeper changes to
 its innovation policy, privatizations and/or the replacement of public
 funds promoted commercial approaches and induced market failures in both
 regions. The worst effects of these policies were the implementation of
 less-risky innovation projects, the shift towards extra-regional projects
 and markets, and the favouring of large firms.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2287-2304 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.831398 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.831398 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Markus Grillitsch 
Author-X-Name-First: Markus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grillitsch 
Author-Name: Michaela Trippl 
Author-X-Name-First: Michaela 
Author-X-Name-Last: Trippl 
Title: Combining Knowledge from Different Sources, Channels and Geographical Scales 
Abstract:
				 The aim of this
 article is to examine conceptually and empirically how innovative firms
 combine knowledge (1) provided by different sources, (2) accessed at
 different spatial scales and (3) acquired through different channels. We
 add to the conceptual debate by contrasting and synthesising the
 perspectives offered on these issues by four key concepts, namely the
 local buzz and global pipelines argument, the knowledge-base approach, the
 notions of Science-Technology-Innovation and Doing-Using-Interacting modes
 of innovation as well as the regional innovation systems concept. The
 empirical part of the article contains an analysis of knowledge-sourcing
 activities employed by 181 firms belonging to the Austrian automotive
 supplier industry. Our findings reveal that it is, indeed, combinations of
 knowledge sourced from different partners located at different spatial
 scales and acquired through different channels that are relevant. However,
 it is particular combinations that dominate while others are negligible.
 Austrian automotive supplier firms combine knowledge provided by customers
 with knowledge inputs from a variety of other sources. Most of the
 combinations involve the European or global levels combined with the
 regional and/or national level. Finally, firms combine spillovers with a
 variety of other channels to acquire innovation-relevant knowledge.	    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2305-2325 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.835793 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.835793 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrick Witte 
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Witte 
Author-Name: Frank Van Oort 
Author-X-Name-First: Frank 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Oort 
Author-Name: Bart Wiegmans 
Author-X-Name-First: Bart 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiegmans 
Author-Name: Tejo Spit 
Author-X-Name-First: Tejo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Spit 
Title: European Corridors as Carriers of Dynamic Agglomeration Externalities? 
Abstract:
				 Transport corridors
 are viewed as a promising way forward in European Union (EU) transport
 policy, assumed to contribute positively to regional economic development.
 However, the validity of this assumption is not evident. The aim of this
 paper is to empirically test whether agglomeration economies in European
 transport corridor regions are positively related to indicators of
 regional economic development compared to regions outside the scope of
 corridors. The results build on the notion that the type of agglomeration
 economy in combination with the structure of the economy matters for
 prospects of structural economic growth in different regions. In this way,
 the analysis not only contributes to enhancing the empirical scrutiny of
 the corridor concept in EU transport policy, but also provides new
 insights into how corridors contribute to regional economic growth. We
 find only limited evidence for a corridor effect across European regions
 on productivity and employment growth externalities. Instead, we find a
 large degree of spatial heterogeneity interacting with corridors-a
 heterogeneity that has been little recognized in EU policies. We suggest
 that recent attention to place-based development strategies may accord
 well with the kinds of agglomeration effects related to corridor
 development observed in this study.		      
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2326-2350 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.837153 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.837153 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jin-Liao He 
Author-X-Name-First: Jin-Liao 
Author-X-Name-Last: He 
Author-Name: Hans Gebhardt 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gebhardt 
Title: Space of Creative Industries: A Case Study of Spatial Characteristics of Creative Clusters in Shanghai 
Abstract:
				 The rapid rise of creative or cultural
 industries not only contributes to regional economic growth, but also to a
 revised spatial model of urban structure, helping in the redevelopment of
 old town spaces. However, the spatial characteristics of creative
 clusters, especially at the micro-city level, are not fully understood.
 This study attempts to characterize the spatiality of creative clusters on
 the basis of a literature review and empirical study of Shanghai. By using
 Geographical Information System (GIS) spatial analysis and interviews,
 this paper examines the spatial features of creative clusters in Shanghai
 and their connection with urban historical, social, cultural and political
 aspects. It finds that creative clusters are primarily distributed in
 particular locations of Shanghai, namely in the inner-city, old industrial
 districts, places close to universities, Central Business Districts
 (CBDs), and entertainment and tourist zones. The old colonial zones in
 Shanghai play an important role in fostering the agglomeration of creative
 industries because of the special image of these spaces, in particular due
 to the abundant workshop spaces remaining from the industrial heritage.
 Great intimacy between creative industries and urban spaces becomes
 apparent in the case of Shanghai, demonstrating that the creative economy
 has become an important instrument in regenerating cities. Moreover, a
 differentiation in space among various categories of creative clusters in
 Shanghai was also noticed in this study.			
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2351-2368 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.837430 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.837430 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ana Mafalda Madureira 
Author-X-Name-First: Ana Mafalda 
Author-X-Name-Last: Madureira 
Title: Physical Planning in Entrepreneurial Urban Governance-Experiences from the Bo01 and Brunnshög Projects, Sweden 
Abstract:
				 Recent research has
 argued that urban policy has turned towards entrepreneurial forms of urban
 governance, resulting in a more fragmented and decentralized setting
 within which public policy is formulated and implemented. This implies
 that the context for public sector urban planning is also influenced by
 this "turn". This article questions this "turn" by arguing that, in Sweden
 and in practice, forms of fragmentation and decentralization coexist with
 remnants of coherence and centralization. It focuses on two planning
 projects, one in Malmö and one in Lund. A case study approach is followed,
 using official documentation and expert interviews. The article indicates
 that public authorities and planners remain crucial in urban development
 projects as initiators of projects, when they bring in financial
 incentives or lease out the plots for development, or when they add to the
 project's political legitimacy and bring to the table different actors
 that would otherwise be less likely to join forces. It concludes by
 discussing how public sector urban planning is adjusting to the changes
 brought forward by entrepreneurial urban governance. The article
 contributes to the literature on how urban planning is adapting to changes
 in the context for urban governance.			    
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2369-2388 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.843650 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.843650 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rune Njøs 
Author-X-Name-First: Rune 
Author-X-Name-Last: Njøs 
Author-Name: Stig-Erik Jakobsen 
Author-X-Name-First: Stig-Erik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jakobsen 
Author-Name: Jens Kristian Fosse 
Author-X-Name-First: Jens Kristian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fosse 
Author-Name: Christine Engelsen 
Author-X-Name-First: Christine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Engelsen 
Title: Challenges to Bridging Discrepant Knowledge Bases: A Case Study of the Norwegian Centre for Offshore Wind Energy 
Abstract:
 From a theoretical perspective, it is possible to
 enhance the innovation of firms and institutions by combining the analytic
 (scientific) knowledge base of research and development (R&D) institutions
 with the synthetic (practical) knowledge base of industries. Such
 combinations of knowledge are also believed to support regional
 development. One such initiative to bridge knowledge from the R&D sector
 and industry is the Norwegian Centre for Offshore Wind Energy (NORCOWE).
 However, as our case study shows, it is hard to bridge knowledge from
 these two partner groups. We found that this is mainly because of
 differences in the partners' timelines (long versus short), their
 attitudes toward knowledge (research based versus experience based),
 application of the knowledge (knowledge per se versus commercialization),
 and organizational dimensions (linear/closed process versus
 interactive/open process). These differences show that the knowledge bases
 of these two groups may not just be different; they can also be seen as
 discrepant. We also argue that the NORCOWE initiative is influenced by a
 "policy push" logic. This implies that the initiative was not properly
 embedded in the industrial or R&D institutions before being launched, but
 was instead driven by a political will to promote the development of a new
 renewable energy source.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2389-2410 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.843651 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.843651 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:22:y:2014:i:11:p:2389-2410




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Beata Namy&#x15b;lak 
Author-X-Name-First: Beata 
Author-X-Name-Last: Namy&#x15b;lak 
Title: Cooperation and Forming Networks of Creative Cities: Polish Experiences 
Abstract:
 The goal of this article is to draw attention to
 one of the currently observed trends in the geography of cities in the
 context of the networking of cities of similar development profiles. In
 that context, the most important examples of the urban networks were
 analysed, including the following networks: the UNESCO Creative Cities
 Network and Eurocities as well known side-network initiatives of the
 European Capital of Culture. Each network was analysed in the context of
 business objectives and the conditions for participation. In addition to
 that, the article describes the idea of cluster forming with particular
 emphasis on creative industries clusters. Moreover, this article is
 devoted to Polish experiences connected with the participation of the
 Polish cities in international networks of creative cities, establishing
 creative clusters in Poland and with cluster initiatives.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2411-2427 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.843652 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.843652 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Allan Watson 
Author-X-Name-First: Allan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Watson 
Author-Name: Calvin Taylor 
Author-X-Name-First: Calvin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor 
Title: Invisible Agents and hidden Protagonists: Rethinking Creative Cities Policy 
Abstract:
 This article acts as an introduction to the special issue on creative
 cities policy. We begin the article with a discussion of recent critical
 accounts of cultural/creative industries and creative cities policy,
 arguing that the failure of policies to fully understand the often hidden
 complexities of cultural production has fostered simplistic and often
 self-defeating policy design and intervention. We then move on to present
 a series of papers that are concerned in various ways with both developing
 an understanding of the complex dimensions of cultural production and with
 tackling the often weak and implicit links between research, policy and
 urban planning.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2429-2435 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.790586 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.790586 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Oli Mould 
Author-X-Name-First: Oli 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mould 
Author-Name: Tim Vorley 
Author-X-Name-First: Tim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vorley 
Author-Name: Kai Liu 
Author-X-Name-First: Kai 
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu 
Title: Invisible Creativity? Highlighting the Hidden Impact of Freelancing in London's Creative Industries 
Abstract:
 The creative industries have been identified as a key sector for the UK's
 economic recovery. Despite the intense focus, however, the working
 practices of their labour force remain largely enigmatic to public policy.
 Particularly, freelancers, who make up a large proportion of labour within
 the creative industries, remain largely under-researched. This paper seeks
 to highlight the importance of freelancers to the creative industries
 through a case study of London's creative economy. Moreover, by discussing
 the prevalence of project-based work, this research shows there is a high
 propensity for firms to regularly engage with freelancers on a project
 basis-but it is the freelancers who often conduct the more creative
 aspects of the work. The paper concludes by suggesting that freelancers
 are a crucial component of the creative industries and should be included
 in future political decision-making.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2436-2455 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.790587 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.790587 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roberta Comunian 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Comunian 
Author-Name: Calvin Taylor 
Author-X-Name-First: Calvin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Taylor 
Author-Name: David N. Smith 
Author-X-Name-First: David N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith 
Title: The Role of Universities in the Regional Creative Economies of the UK: Hidden Protagonists and the Challenge of Knowledge Transfer 
Abstract:
 The Triple-Helix model of knowledge - industry - government relationships
 is one of the most comprehensive attempts to explain the changing
 institutional frameworks for innovation and growth, especially in the
 regional and urban contexts. Since the 1970s policies have been developed
 across Europe to evolve this institutional landscape. Since the late
 1990s, regional and urban development strategies have also sought to
 harness the growth potential of the cultural and creative industries to
 regional and urban economic development. However, whilst the regional and
 urban planning literature has examined the growth-promoting potential of
 universities very closely, their possible role in relation to regional and
 urban creative economic development has received less attention. This
 paper aims to begin addressing this gap by interrogating the relationship
 between universities and the regional creative economy using, as a
 starting point, a model of analysis suggested by the Triple-Helix
 theoretical framework. The paper finds that whilst universities possess
 often long and hidden associations with regional and urban creative
 activities-as hidden protagonists-there are important institutional and
 professional challenges in the possibility of their developing an explicit
 and sustainable role as new actors in the regional and urban creative
 economies. The paper identifies the nature of these challenges with a view
 to developing a clearer understanding of the system, policy and
 institutional realities that underpin the often complex dynamics of
 knowledge creation - practice relationships found in arts and humanities
 disciplines.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2456-2476 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.790589 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.790589 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rachel C. Granger 
Author-X-Name-First: Rachel C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Granger 
Title: Spatial-Relational Mapping in Socio-Institutional Perspectives of Innovation 
Abstract:
 In recent years innovation studies have extended key discussions beyond
 scientific knowledge into more symbolic and cultural forms, and with it
 brought cultural and creative industries to the centre stage of economic
 innovation. However, the development of more wide-ranging research
 approaches has failed to keep pace with the advancements occurring in
 conceptual debates. In this paper, the author draws on the original
 arguments of the social innovation discourse to highlight the importance
 of more socialized approaches to the study of innovation, an approach
 which highlights the importance of understanding more about social
 networks, local institutions, local scenes and environments, and
 relational capital. It is known that in practice, and especially with
 non-scientific knowledge, new ideas are mediated by social relations,
 institutions and all manner of other intangibles such as conversations;
 all of which are acknowledged in some literature but have never been part
 of the mainstream. In this vein, the paper outlines the contribution that
 spatial-relational mapping can make to the study of innovation by
 illuminating the social spaces of innovation in and around Coventry and
 Birmingham, UK, and by raising new patterns of relationships, which
 emphasize the existence of sector convergence, underground scenes and path
 lock-in.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2477-2489 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.790591 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.790591 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Jacob Trip 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan Jacob 
Author-X-Name-Last: Trip 
Author-Name: Arie Romein 
Author-X-Name-First: Arie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Romein 
Title: Creative City Policy and the Gap with Theory 
Abstract:
 The creative city concept is popular among researchers and policy-makers.
 On the one hand, academic literature elaborates, on a conceptual level,
 the importance of creativity and innovation for urban competitiveness; on
 the other, numerous cities develop and implement creative city policies in
 practice. The connection between these two is rather weak and,
 accordingly, creative city policy tends to be ad hoc. Our purpose in this
 paper is to narrow the above-mentioned gap between theory and practice, by
 addressing the question of how conceptual insights into the creative city
 can be converted into an elaborated operational approach for local policy
 practice. We propose a three-step approach: (1) to position a city's
 current creative places and communities within the context of social and
 economic structures, urban narratives and prevailing governance structures
 and style by means of a systematic analytical framework; (2) to assess the
 spatial, social and symbolic place qualities of the creative production
 and consumption; (3) to identify options for effective policy
 intervention. We further examine how these steps may be applied in
 practice, and use the city of Delft in the Netherlands as an example. A
 discussion of the applicability and implementation of this approach
 concludes the paper.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2490-2509 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.790592 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.790592 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert C. Kloosterman 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert C. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kloosterman 
Title: Cultural Amenities: Large and Small, Mainstream and Niche-A Conceptual Framework for Cultural Planning in an Age of Austerity 
Abstract:
 Cultural planning has been high on the agenda of many policy-makers. From
 an end in itself, it has been transformed into an instrument to regenerate
 neighbourhoods and even whole cities and as a means to boost the quality
 of place to attract high-skilled workers. With the current crunch on
 public spending, the question arises what will happen to cultural planning
 initiatives and what scope will remain for them. To explore what may
 happen to cultural planning in this age of austerity, we present a concise
 typology of cultural amenities based on two underlying, business model,
 dimensions. The first dimension concerns the supply side, namely the scale
 of provision of the cultural amenities. The second dimension, located on
 the demand side, is the market: orientation of the amenities: mainstream-
 or niche-oriented. Each type is associated with a specific location
 pattern, impact on the quality of place and funding configuration. We
 expect that the budget cuts will especially affect the small-scale,
 niche-oriented cultural amenities which are crucial for the quality of
 place. We also expect a trend towards further commercialization and
 commodification threatening the authenticity of the large-scale,
 niche-oriented cultural amenities.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2510-2525 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.790594 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.790594 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Charlotte Halpern 
Author-X-Name-First: Charlotte 
Author-X-Name-Last: Halpern 
Title: Urban Mobility: What Role for the European Union? Explaining Dynamics of European Union Policy Design Since 1995 
Abstract:
 This research briefing provides a timely assessment of European Union (EU)
 intervention in the urban mobility policy field, by examining the
 relationship between forms of policy design and the EU
 institutionalization process. More precisely, it questions whether or not
 this continued intervention has benefited EU institutions. In order to do
 so, it analyses evolving relationships between three dimensions of EU
 policy design-namely policy objectives, policy structures and policy
 instruments-in a long-term perspective. Drawing on an original dataset,
 the article shows that in the absence of a stabilized understanding of the
 issue at stake, the lack of dedicated financial and organizational
 resources, and the import of policy instruments from other policy domains,
 the institutionalization of urban mobility at EU level is incomplete.
 These findings contribute to current debates on the Europeanization of
 cities and urban policies.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2526-2541 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.844775 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.844775 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Angelika Münter 
Author-X-Name-First: Angelika 
Author-X-Name-Last: Münter 
Author-Name: Kati Volgmann 
Author-X-Name-First: Kati 
Author-X-Name-Last: Volgmann 
Title: The Metropolization and Regionalization of the Knowledge Economy in the Multi-Core Rhine-Ruhr Metropolitan Region 
Abstract:
 The currently observed urban rescaling is characterized by two opposing
 trends: the regionalization of core cities and their metropolization. Such
 restructuring processes have consequences for a city-region's spatial and
 functional structure, even in traditionally multi-core metropolitan
 regions. This paper looks at the hypothesis that city-based business
 sectors belonging to the knowledge economy, dependent on their function,
 transaction costs and the need for geographical proximity for innovation,
 form different polycentric business patterns engendering either
 metropolization or regionalization. The aim of the paper is to analyse the
 metropolization and regionalization of knowledge-intensive business
 activities at both a municipal and a locational level, thereby shedding
 light on the complexity of polycentric business structures in traditional
 multi-core metropolitan regions. The spotlight here is on the Rhine-Ruhr
 metropolitan region, a prime example of a polycentric metropolitan region
 without a traditionally dominant metropolitan core. We show that
 metropolization can be seen as an agglomerating phenomenon, applying also
 to traditional multi-core metropolitan regions, while-with specific
 reference to the Rhine-Ruhr metropolitan region-"regionalization" would
 seem to have only a slight effect on the knowledge economy.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2542-2560 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.844776 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.844776 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Iain Deas 
Author-X-Name-First: Iain 
Author-X-Name-Last: Deas 
Author-Name: Stephen Hincks 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hincks 
Title: Migration, Mobility and the Role of European Cities and Regions in Redistributing Population 
Abstract:
 Increased policy interest in geographical mobility necessitates a fuller
 understanding of the uneven spatial patterning of migration in Europe.
 This paper reports on research exploring the experience of cities and
 regions in respect of migration, and the socio-economic factors associated
 with disparities in net migration across sub-national areas. This involved
 modelling the relationship between net migration over the period 2001-2006
 and the underlying socio-economic circumstances across European cities and
 regions, and generating an area typology that captured variable
 experiences with regard to migration. The results of multivariate analysis
 suggest that urban areas are more likely than other types of areas to have
 net in-migration levels which exceed those expected given their
 socio-economic characteristics, both for places with flourishing economies
 and unmet demand for labour as well as those whose economic fortunes are
 less buoyant. The results also suggest that the experience of cities and
 regions is polarized, with large urban areas featuring prominently among
 the best and worst performing areas in respect of net in-migration. The
 potential implication of this complex pattern is that bespoke, rather than
 blanket, policy interventions are required to address the variable
 experiences of cities and regions in relation to migration.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2561-2583 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.847062 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.847062 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rikard H. Eriksson 
Author-X-Name-First: Rikard H. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eriksson 
Author-Name: Fredrik Forslund 
Author-X-Name-First: Fredrik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Forslund 
Title: How Do Universities Contribute to Employment Growth? The Role of Human Capital and Knowledge Bases 
Abstract:
 The aim of this paper is to analyse whether employment growth is faster in
 regions housing a university compared to non-university regions. We argue
 that universities per se are less likely to trigger externalities that
 facilitate employment growth. Instead, we propose that it depends on the
 concentration of different skills in that particular region. This is
 analysed by running a number of ordinary least squares regressions, based
 on official data on a municipal level from Statistics Sweden, on how
 concentrations of human capital, analytic, synthetic and symbolic
 knowledge bases in Swedish university regions influence employment growth
 in 2002-2008. The results indicate that the presence of universities per
 se does not influence employment growth. However, the findings suggest
 that university regions with high concentrations of human capital and, in
 particular, with employees characterized by the synthetic knowledge base,
 show higher growth rates. This implies that the influence of universities
 on employment is greatest in regions with high concentrations of skills
 able to apply the knowledge created in universities. Consequently, the
 regional composition of skills needs to match the knowledge produced by
 universities for significant university-induced spillovers to occur.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2584-2604 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.849227 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.849227 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bjørnar S&aelig;ther 
Author-X-Name-First: Bjørnar 
Author-X-Name-Last: S&aelig;ther 
Title: Socio-economic Unity in the Evolution of an Agricultural Cluster 
Abstract:
 An agricultural cluster in Norway is investigated through a combination of
 analytical perspectives from studies of industrial clusters and industrial
 districts within economic geography and agricultural geography. Both the
 emergence of the cluster and its current operation are analysed. The
 sociocultural dimension of the cluster has been important for the
 evolution of the cluster. The notion of the diligent farmer is central to
 the expansion and stability of the cluster. The emergence of the diligent
 farmer is related to the religious and moral values prevailing in the
 region, which has been instrumental to the cluster's identity. The role of
 a specialized labour market is less important than in industrial clusters.
 Specialized knowledge and service providers are present. The cluster is
 now in a sustained mode, partly due to reduced heterogeneity.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2605-2619 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.849228 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.849228 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sylvia Kruse 
Author-X-Name-First: Sylvia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kruse 
Author-Name: Marco Pütz 
Author-X-Name-First: Marco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pütz 
Title: Adaptive Capacities of Spatial Planning in the Context of Climate Change in the European Alps 
Abstract:
 This study delivers empirical evidence regarding the adaptive capacities
 of spatial planning systems and related factors both supporting and
 hindering climate change adaptation in the European Alps. Many
 international and national adaptation strategies consider spatial planning
 an important policy field for climate change adaptation. Existing
 adaptation studies, which focus on spatial planning, support these
 expectations but deliver only a small amount of empirical evidence
 regarding the specific capacities of spatial planning that support or
 hinder climate change adaptation. The objectives of this study are firstly
 to assess how climate change adaptation is addressed in spatial planning
 systems, and secondly to identify the adaptive capacities of spatial
 planning to climate change. The study focuses on spatial planning systems
 in the European Alps and builds upon a content analysis of spatial
 planning legislation and instruments, as well as an expert survey
 administered to planning authorities. The findings suggest two approaches
 for building adaptive capacities: enhancing access to relevant climate
 information and professional support for spatial planning authorities, and
 mainstreaming adaptation within the institutional framework of spatial
 planning.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2620-2638 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.860516 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.860516 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rogier van der Groep 
Author-X-Name-First: Rogier 
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Groep 
Title: Flirting with Amsterdam: Reorganizing the Dutch Broadcasting Industry in Hilversum 
Abstract:
 I will show in this article that there are two distinct audiovisual
 clusters in the Netherlands. One is situated in Amsterdam, the cultural
 capital of the Netherlands, and one in Hilversum, the broadcasting centre
 of the Netherlands, 20 km east of Amsterdam. I will propose that the
 organizational structure of the audiovisual industry cluster in Amsterdam,
 in contrast to the one in Hilversum, fits the description of other
 cultural industry clusters as found in the international literature. In
 addition, I will demonstrate that employment numbers in the broadcasting
 cluster in Hilversum-after a window of locational opportunity in the
 1990s-are stagnating, while employment numbers in the broadcasting segment
 in Amsterdam are increasing. I will conclude that this tendency can be
 related to deregulation processes in the broadcasting industry in 1989.
 The paper is based on quantitative employment data.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2639-2655 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.861801 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.861801 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katrin B. Anacker 
Author-X-Name-First: Katrin B. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Anacker 
Title: Garden Suburbs of Tomorrow? A New Future for the Cottage Estates 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2656-2658 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 22 
Year: 2014 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.957909 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.957909 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thorsten Wiechmann 
Author-X-Name-First: Thorsten 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiechmann 
Author-Name: Marco Bontje 
Author-X-Name-First: Marco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bontje 
Title: Responding to Tough Times: Policy and Planning Strategies in Shrinking Cities 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1-11 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.820077 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.820077 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sílvia Sousa 
Author-X-Name-First: Sílvia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sousa 
Author-Name: Paulo Pinho 
Author-X-Name-First: Paulo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pinho 
Title: Planning for Shrinkage: Paradox or Paradigm 
Abstract:
 A great number of contributions regarding shrinking cities correspond to
 generic discourses on urban problems, which cover planning policies with
 approaches and strategies developed in somewhat diverse or even very
 different urban contexts. The debate on shrinkage is still feeble and
 fragmented. Perhaps this is owing to the character of shrinkage or its
 relative novelty. An explicit, unequivocal, and comprehensive theoretical
 debate and framework on the topic of planning for shrinkage is lacking.
 This entails a previous reflection about what shrinkage means or should
 mean, the role of urban and regional planning, and the contradictions of
 planning for shrinkage, which cause the paradox of planning for shrinkage.
 How can planning deal with shrinkage? What should policies for shrinkage
 look like? Is planning for shrinkage, planning for population decrease? Is
 it managing population decrease? Is it business as usual: planning to
 resume growth? What does managing shrinkage mean? The paper presents a
 theoretical debate and some preliminary conclusions addressing these
 questions.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 12-32 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.820082 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.820082 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simón Sánchez-Moral 
Author-X-Name-First: Simón 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sánchez-Moral 
Author-Name: Ricardo Méndez 
Author-X-Name-First: Ricardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Méndez 
Author-Name: José Prada-Trigo 
Author-X-Name-First: José 
Author-X-Name-Last: Prada-Trigo 
Title: Resurgent Cities: Local Strategies and Institutional Networks to Counteract Shrinkage in Avilés (Spain) 
Abstract:
 Avilés is a medium-sized city in Asturias, the Spanish region hardest hit
 by industrial crisis since the 1970s. The crisis of the state-owned iron
 and steel works and subsequent restructuring caused significant job
 losses, demographic decline and social tension. Since the 1990s, the
 Spanish Government, with regional and local governments and other local
 stakeholders, has been involved in new forms of urban governance focused
 on finding alternatives to shrinkage and a new model of urban development.
 This model recognizes several strategic aims: to (i) restructure and
 privatize the state-owned iron and steel works and attract new
 multinationals, (ii) promote a new economy based on innovation and culture
 using flagship urban projects, and (iii) improve the urban environment
 with rehabilitation of the historic centre, environmental restoration of
 the estuary and recuperation of wasteland for a new business park. This
 paper focuses on the influence of local actors, resources and networks on
 impulse regeneration strategies, analysing statistical information and
 data obtained from interviews with agents involved in urban development,
 combined with a selection of the major initiatives implemented. In brief,
 it discusses the transition to the resurgence of Avilés, including some of
 the uncertainties and future challenges identified, which are highlighted
 in the conclusion.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 33-52 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.820084 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.820084 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juha Kotilainen 
Author-X-Name-First: Juha 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kotilainen 
Author-Name: Ilkka Eisto 
Author-X-Name-First: Ilkka 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eisto 
Author-Name: Eero Vatanen 
Author-X-Name-First: Eero 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vatanen 
Title: Uncovering Mechanisms for Resilience: Strategies to Counter Shrinkage in a Peripheral City in Finland 
Abstract:
 In order to theorize the phenomenon of urban shrinkage, the paper draws
 from resilience theories that focus on the ability of communities to react
 to abrupt as well as slowly occurring disturbances. Mechanisms for
 resilience are defined and identified. The empirical case study is a
 peripherally located small city in Finland. It is a specific feature for
 shrinking cities in Finland that many of them, now facing the challenge of
 population decline, have grown to be economically dependent on the
 utilization and processing of natural resources, most importantly timber
 and minerals. Recent transformations in the global division of labour have
 caused employment opportunities to decline, resulting in out-migration and
 ageing. Due to lack of a general regional policy dealing with this issue,
 these cities and settlements now have to find individual strategies to
 adapt to these wider-scale transformations. Nevertheless, these
 communities have faced such situations previously and, therefore, it is
 possible to learn from their former adaptation strategies. The conditions
 under which the case city has been able to adapt to change in the past are
 analysed as well as the preconditions for future adaptation, thereby
 making it possible to refine theories of resilience and adaptability from
 the perspective of industrialized Northern Europe.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 53-68 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.820086 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.820086 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Walter Schenkel 
Author-X-Name-First: Walter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schenkel 
Title: Regeneration Strategies in Shrinking Urban Neighbourhoods-Dimensions of Interventions in Theory and Practice 
Abstract:
 The article aims at addressing questions of shrinkage processes and
 regeneration strategies in urban neighbourhoods. It focuses more
 specifically on a case study that corresponds to the relevant developments
 and challenges of urban regeneration in Switzerland. Regeneration
 strategies have indeed been implemented during recent years in Swiss
 cities, and several industrial wastelands have been transformed into new
 residential areas. As a result, Swiss cities have been experiencing a new
 period of demographic growth since the end of the 1990s. However, some
 urban neighbourhoods, peripheral cities and suburban municipalities face
 the threat of shrinkage and decline. The Tscharnergut is an urban
 neighbourhood with high-rise buildings from the 1950s, concentrations of
 socially disadvantaged groups and a rather bad image. In that sense,
 Tscharnergut is representative of many neighbourhoods in European cities
 where regeneration is a key issue. Based on an agreement between public
 and private actors, the Tscharnergut neighbourhood is at the beginning of
 a structural change process: (a) improving residential housing and living
 conditions, renewing building stock as well as urban physical structure
 (hardware interventions); (b) strengthening future socio-economic
 structures (social and economic interventions); (c) improving urban
 governance, based on an agreement between the housing associations
 (owners) and city authorities, and the internal and external image of the
 declining area based on identity and participation (software
 interventions). The paper gives valuable insights on strategies applied at
 the neighbourhood level to counter decline and degeneration. It follows a
 deductive approach, i.e. examining planning approaches to apply it to a
 concrete case study.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 69-86 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.820089 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.820089 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Koen Elzerman 
Author-X-Name-First: Koen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Elzerman 
Author-Name: Marco Bontje 
Author-X-Name-First: Marco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bontje 
Title: Urban Shrinkage in Parkstad Limburg 
Abstract:
 Once a flourishing mining area, Parkstad Limburg in the south of the
 Netherlands is now facing limited economic vitality and structural changes
 in its demographic composition. In a process of selective migration, young
 and highly educated people tend to move out of the region, while elderly
 and less- educated people stay. Shrinkage in Parkstad Limburg has resulted
 in a declining basis for economic activity, an unbalanced housing market,
 and policy responses in order to deal with these phenomena. Unfortunately
 acceptance of the phenomenon is a difficult step and a time-consuming
 process. While after years of denial most politicians and policy-makers in
 Parkstad Limburg have finally accepted the decline, the inhabitants of the
 region have to be confronted with inconvenient decisions like demolishing
 houses and the closure of public facilities. Based on the findings in
 Parkstad Limburg, it is concluded that a suitable policy response consists
 of the acceptance of shrinkage, developing a long-term vision, engaging
 the inhabitants in the process, restructuring the housing market, and
 fostering intensive regional collaboration.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 87-103 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.820095 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.820095 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:23:y:2015:i:1:p:87-103




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yoan Miot 
Author-X-Name-First: Yoan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Miot 
Title: Residential Attractiveness as a Public Policy Goal for Declining Industrial Cities: Housing Renewal Strategies in Mulhouse, Roubaix and Saint-Etienne (France) 
Abstract:
 Residential attractiveness is a relatively new concept coming from a
 territorial development paradigm based on competitiveness and public
 policies in order to restore the social mix by an inverted social
 diversification. Residential attractiveness is progressively becoming a
 central feature of public policy in renewal processes for declining
 cities. Mulhouse, Roubaix and Saint-Etienne are emblematic cases of these
 housing renewal strategies. These cases reveal strategies of attracting
 new populations to nurture economic growth: the former population
 seemingly a social burden. Politically sensitive questions asked in a 
 social contex are, what are the results of residential attractiveness as a
 public policy goal? Considering the case of Roubaix, some results of this
 policy are presented.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 104-125 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.820098 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.820098 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Domenico Camarda 
Author-X-Name-First: Domenico 
Author-X-Name-Last: Camarda 
Author-Name: Francesco Rotondo 
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rotondo 
Author-Name: Francesco Selicato 
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Selicato 
Title: Strategies for Dealing with Urban Shrinkage: Issues and Scenarios in Taranto 
Abstract:
 Shrinkage has increasingly become a "standard pathway" of urban and
 regional development in many European cities and regions. Shrinking is
 generally seen in the literature as a negative phenomenon: certain
 strategies may, however, trigger-off positive effects, such as social
 networking opportunities, affordable housing, and an increased sense of
 identity and opportunity change. Focusing on the effects of urban
 development should be seen as a priority, attempting to seize
 opportunities for the integration of a range of urban policies, making the
 most of scarce resources. This paper begins with a short introduction, a
 sort of "reading guide" clarifying in which steps the document's argument
 is developed in the following sections; then it presents a theoretical
 framework with some central questions on strategies for shrinking cities
 and neighbourhoods, with a short review of the literature. An empirical
 section follows describing the case of Taranto as a de-industrialized city
 and the main features of its shrinkage, attempting to understand the
 effects of regeneration policies and urban planning strategies already put
 into place to tackle shrinkage at various administrative levels. This is
 followed by an evaluation of existing theoretical knowledge, comparing key
 points with the main features of shrinkage in the case of Taranto. This is
 carried out to contribute to a better understanding of the questions
 addressed, highlighting various unsolved problems that are then dealt with
 in the concluding section, as research challenges that remain open-ended.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 126-146 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.820099 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.820099 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:23:y:2015:i:1:p:126-146




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kadri Leetmaa 
Author-X-Name-First: Kadri 
Author-X-Name-Last: Leetmaa 
Author-Name: Agnes Kriszan 
Author-X-Name-First: Agnes 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kriszan 
Author-Name: Mari Nuga 
Author-X-Name-First: Mari 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nuga 
Author-Name: Joachim Burdack 
Author-X-Name-First: Joachim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Burdack 
Title: Strategies to Cope with Shrinkage in the Lower End of the Urban Hierarchy in Estonia and Central Germany 
Abstract:
 Population shrinkage has become an unavoidable process in many cities and
 calls for new planning approaches. Typically, economic restructuring
 causes small urban centres in peripheral locations to lose economic
 functions and population. In small towns however, social capital has been
 considered as a specific resource. In this article, we focus on small
 postsocialist towns in Estonia and Central Germany that have mostly
 experienced severe shrinkage since the end of state socialism, especially
 during the first transition decade. We aim to clarify to what extent local
 planning strategies accept the ongoing shrinkage and how various forms of
 local social capital have contributed to these strategies and the
 development of the localities in general. Interviews with different
 stakeholders in selected towns in Estonia and Germany revealed that
 shrinkage has not been systematically accepted in local planning. Instead,
 planning is strongly steered by the external financial resources to
 strengthen the remaining urbanity. In all towns, specific key development
 niches have been found in the 2000s to compensate for the peripherality.
 We also demonstrate that local public institutions need to adjust their
 governance culture to the existing specific local forms of social capital
 in order to achieve synergy between local actors.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 147-165 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.820100 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.820100 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen McKay 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: McKay 
Title: Wind Power Planning: Problems and Perceptions in Practice and Procedure 
Abstract:
 Despite the fact that the UK has the highest potential in the European
 Union to generate renewable energy from wind, it lags behind its European
 partners. The departure point for this study is provided by the fact that
 the land use planning system has been perceived by some to create
 difficulties in the pursuit of the achievement of National Action Plan
 targets. In the course of a review of literature, legislation, policy and
 case files, a number of issues emerge relating not only to operational
 practice but also structural concerns regarding knowledge, legitimacy and
 ethics. These are scrutinized in an empirical investigation which provides
 insights into the ontologies behind how knowledge is used and abused.
 Concerns are highlighted regarding the tactical manipulation of knowledge
 and the difficulties associated with objectifying evidence so that it can
 be understood, validated and authenticated. The paper concludes by
 reflecting on the implications for the regulatory framework, the
 legitimization of decisions and the ethics of the profession and how
 these, in turn, are conditioned by the production, use and transparency of
 planning knowledge.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 166-187 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.861804 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.861804 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fiorenza Belussi 
Author-X-Name-First: Fiorenza 
Author-X-Name-Last: Belussi 
Author-Name: Silvia R. Sedita 
Author-X-Name-First: Silvia R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sedita 
Title: Going Alone: The "Entrepreneurial-Growth Model" in the Life Science Industry in Italy 
Abstract:
 This article investigates different models of financing firms and firm
 expansion in the Italian life science sector. Building on a broad
 secondary data base ("Zephyr"), the authors present a descriptive analysis
 of 438 financial transactions in which Italian life science firms were
 involved between 1997 and 2006. The results of this analysis demonstrate
 that forms of risk capital, such as private equity and venture capital
 play only a marginal role in financing Italian life science firms. In
 contrast, an "entrepreneurial growth model" based on traditional models of
 financing firm expansion-such as, e.g. mergers and acquisitions-dominates
 in quantitative terms. In an additional in-depth analysis of the
 Zephyr-database, the authors further identify six "emerging business
 strategies" of Italian life science firms, namely: horizontal expansion,
 cross-border expansion, forward vertical integration, specialization,
 technological upgrading and diversification. These strategies are
 illustrated in more detail using seven representative cases of individual
 firms.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 188-210 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.861805 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.861805 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Vang 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vang 
Title: Towards Better Work - Understanding Labour in Global Apparel Value Chains 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 211-213 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.962283 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.962283 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:23:y:2015:i:1:p:211-213




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cristina Chaminade 
Author-X-Name-First: Cristina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chaminade 
Author-Name: Monica Plechero 
Author-X-Name-First: Monica 
Author-X-Name-Last: Plechero 
Title: Do Regions Make a Difference? Regional Innovation Systems and Global Innovation Networks in the ICT Industry 
Abstract:
 <italic>Access to global innovation networks (GINs) has been unequal
 across the regions of the world. While certain regions are considered
 knowledge hubs in GINs, others still remain marginalized; this points to
 the role of regional innovation systems (RISs) in the emergence and
 development of GINs. Using firm-level data collected through a survey and
 case studies in 2009-2010, this paper systematically compares the patterns
 of global networks in the information and communications technology
 industry in a selection of European, Chinese and Indian regions. The
 results show that GINs are more common in regions which are not
 organizationally and institutionally thick, suggesting that GINs may be a
 compensatory mechanism for weaknesses in the RIS</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 215-237 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.861806 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.861806 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sang-Tae Kim 
Author-X-Name-First: Sang-Tae 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kim 
Title: Regional Advantage of Cluster Development: A Case Study of the San Diego Biotechnology Cluster 
Abstract:
 <italic>The concept of "clusters" has become central to regional economic
 development strategies, especially in the high-technology and
 biotechnology industries. Numerous studies have examined the significance
 of industrial clusters and their components, but comparatively less
 attention has been directed towards understanding the roots and processes
 of industrial localization. In particular, emerging biotechnology clusters
 such as that in San Diego have not drawn adequate scholarly attention
 given their policy implications with regard to clustering and regional
 development. Based on in-depth interviews, historical archives and
 participatory observations, this paper examines how the San Diego
 biotechnology cluster emerged and grew into an entrepreneurial habitat
 that has nurtured hundreds of biotechnology companies that have produced a
 series of innovative products. The author suggests that the regional
 context of the existence of a number of small biotechnology companies
 rather than a group of large firms, a continuous flow of talent, and
 leadership that fosters collaborations have been critical in promoting
 knowledge creation, circulation and accumulation, which are essential to
 spawning startups. The regional advantage of San Diego in stimulating
 entrepreneurship and innovation lies in its edge in creating and
 exploiting knowledge and practices through its entrepreneurs' robust
 interactions and participation in local communities of practice</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 238-261 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.861807 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.861807 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:23:y:2015:i:2:p:238-261




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christophe Carrincazeaux 
Author-X-Name-First: Christophe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carrincazeaux 
Author-Name: Frederic Gaschet 
Author-X-Name-First: Frederic 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gaschet 
Title: Regional Innovation Systems and Economic Performance: Between Regions and Nations 
Abstract:
 <italic>This article aims at assessing the diversity of regional
 innovation systems and their economic performance in Europe. We propose to
 adapt the social systems of innovation and production (SSIP) framework at
 the regional level by identifying the specific arrangements of each part
 of the innovation and production system. Three key features of European
 regions are investigated using this framework: the diversity of regional
 SSIP, the interplay of regional and national determinants of such systems,
 and the impact of SSIP on regional performance. We identify a typology of
 regional configurations resulting from the combination of scientific,
 technological, educational and industrial indicators, using multivariate
 data analysis. A variance analysis approach is then developed in order to
 test the existence of specific regional growth regimes. The results
 highlight a persistently high level of diversity of regional
 configurations, notably among knowledge intensive regions, but also show
 that national institutional settings remain of fundamental importance in
 shaping a number of regional configurations. A final conclusion relates to
 the weak correlation observed between the structural characteristics of
 regions and their performance over the 2003-2007 period: regional
 performance remains primarily shaped by national trends. Overall, the
 paper questions the regional dimension of these "systems"</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 262-291 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.861809 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.861809 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:23:y:2015:i:2:p:262-291




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cristina Maria Serbanica 
Author-X-Name-First: Cristina Maria 
Author-X-Name-Last: Serbanica 
Author-Name: Daniela Luminita Constantin 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniela Luminita 
Author-X-Name-Last: Constantin 
Author-Name: Gabriela Dragan 
Author-X-Name-First: Gabriela 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dragan 
Title: University-Industry Knowledge Transfer and Network Patterns in Romania: Does Knowledge Supply Fit SMEs' Regional Profiles? 
Abstract:
 <italic>Universities' potential to contribute to regional value creation
 has been extensively discussed so far and significant literature has been
 devoted to celebrated cases in highly industrialized and developed
 countries. Assuming that it would be misleading to generalize from
 "exceptional" cases, some authors have focused their attention
 specifically on the influence of universities in less developed areas
 regions and countries, where university-industry relations are far from
 being a Triple Helix. This paper focuses on the mechanisms of
 university-industry knowledge transfer (KT) in Romania, a post-communist
 country with relatively weak regional innovation performances, except for
 the capital region Bucharest-Ilfov. The purpose of the study is to
 construct an index to compare university-industry KT across the eight
 Romanian regions. Data to be aggregated are collected from 90 Romanian
 higher education institutions and refer to their KT potential in terms of
 human, financial and relational inputs, outputs and outcomes (patent
 applications, new products and services, spin-offs and commercial income).
 Finally, universities' regional KT performances are compared to small and
 medium enterprises territorial patterns and issuing policy implications
 are discussed</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 292-310 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.862215 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.862215 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:23:y:2015:i:2:p:292-310




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sebastien Darchen 
Author-X-Name-First: Sebastien 
Author-X-Name-Last: Darchen 
Author-Name: Diane-Gabrielle Tremblay 
Author-X-Name-First: Diane-Gabrielle 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tremblay 
Title: Policies for Creative Clusters: A Comparison between the Video Game Industries in Melbourne and Montreal 
Abstract:
 <italic>This paper analyses whether the video game industries in the main
 video game hubs in Australia and Canada have the attributes of creative
 clusters. Three components are analysed: (1) The significance of
 cross-fertilization with other creative fields in the emergence and growth
 of the cluster; (2) The benefits of clustering; (3) The role of policies
 in the maturation of those clusters. The case studies included are the
 most notable video game clusters in Canada and Australia: Montreal and
 Melbourne. The research methods applied are semi-directed interviews with
 policy advisors and game developers in each context. As an outcome of this
 research, its findings reveal that the video game industry in Melbourne
 cannot yet be qualified as a creative cluster but is rather still very
 much embedded in a technology culture. In Montreal, the cluster is more
 mature and presents the attributes of a creative cluster, as there are
 interrelations between the various actors of the cluster, and with other
 creative activities. In both contexts the impact of policies on the
 maturation of the cluster is limited; rather, attaining a critical mass of
 video game companies is necessary for cross-fertilization to
 occur</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 311-331 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.865712 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.865712 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:23:y:2015:i:2:p:311-331




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rick Vermeulen 
Author-X-Name-First: Rick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vermeulen 
Title: Pursuing the Peripheral Path? A Path-Dependent Analysis of the Frankfurt and Munich Fairs 
Abstract:
 <italic>As a result of increasing competition and internationalization,
 many Western European cities have invested in exhibition facilities.
 Surprisingly, many new exhibition centres emerge in the urban periphery.
 An assessment of the 34 largest exhibition centres in Western Europe shows
 that only 16 are still centrally located while 18 now have a peripheral
 location. This is a drastic break from the traditional location of these
 centres in inner city cores. Behind this observation of spatial change is
 a complex set of dilemmas about investments in current or new locations. A
 fresh analytical model (based on assumptions of path dependency) is
 constructed and employed to analyse time and place specific determinants
 and opportunities. Two contrasting cases are selected in comparable German
 cities. Frankfurt decided to renew its facilities in the centre of the
 city, whereas Munich opened a relocated exhibition centre in 1998. Based
 on these case studies, the paper concludes that there is no autonomous
 force pulling exhibition centres towards the periphery, but it is rather a
 misfit between the central location and new physical, functional, spatial,
 and institutional demands that causes a facility to move</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 332-348 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.867318 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.867318 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:23:y:2015:i:2:p:332-348




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Raine Mäntysalo 
Author-X-Name-First: Raine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mäntysalo 
Author-Name: Karoliina Jarenko 
Author-X-Name-First: Karoliina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jarenko 
Author-Name: Kristina L. Nilsson 
Author-X-Name-First: Kristina L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nilsson 
Author-Name: Inger-Lise Saglie 
Author-X-Name-First: Inger-Lise 
Author-X-Name-Last: Saglie 
Title: Legitimacy of Informal Strategic Urban Planning-Observations from Finland, Sweden and Norway 
Abstract:
 <italic>In Finnish, Swedish and Norwegian cities and urban regions,
 strategic approaches in urban planning have been developed by introducing
 different kinds of informal strategic plans. The means of improving the
 strategic quality of urban and regional planning have thus been searched
 from outside the statutory land use planning system, determined by the
 national planning laws. Similar development has also taken place
 elsewhere. When strategic plans are prepared outside the statutory
 planning system, these processes also lack the legal guarantee for
 openness, fairness and accountability. This is a serious legitimacy
 problem. In this article, the problem is examined theoretically and
 conceptually by combining democracy- and governance-theoretical
 perspectives. With this framework, four different approaches to legitimacy
 are derived: accountability, inclusiveness, liberty and fairness. The
 article concludes that strategic urban planning must find a balance
 between the four approaches to legitimacy. Concerning political processes,
 this requires agonistic acknowledgement of different democracy models,
 excluding neither deliberative nor liberalist arguments. Concerning
 administrative processes, it requires acknowledgement of the
 interdependence of statutory and informal planning instruments and the
 necessity of developing planning methods for their mutual
 complementarity-thus avoiding the detachment of informal strategic
 planning into a parallel planning "system"</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 349-366 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.861808 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.861808 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:23:y:2015:i:2:p:349-366




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Manfred Kühn 
Author-X-Name-First: Manfred 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kühn 
Title: Peripheralization: Theoretical Concepts Explaining Socio-Spatial Inequalities 
Abstract:
 <italic>The current increase in socio-spatial inequalities in Europe has
 led to a revival of the terms "peripheralization" and "marginalization" in
 spatial research. In contrast to the geographical notion of a "periphery",
 which is synonymous with distance to a centre and being situated on the
 fringes of a city, region or nation, research on "peripheralization"
 describes the production of peripheries through social relations and their
 spatial implications. The main part of the article provides a critical
 review of theoretical concepts which attempt to explain socio-spatial
 disparities between centralization and peripheralization processes. This
 includes theories of economic polarization, social inequality and
 political power. Building on this, a multidimensional concept of
 socio-spatial polarization is outlined, one which comprises processes of
 centralization and peripheralization in economic, social and political
 dimensions. Finally, implications are drawn for spatial planning regarding
 the polarization between metropolitan and non-metropolitan regions and
 areas for further research are highlighted</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 367-378 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.862518 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.862518 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:23:y:2015:i:2:p:367-378




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Domingos Martins Vaz 
Author-X-Name-First: Domingos Martins 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vaz 
Author-Name: Maria Jo&atilde;o Matos 
Author-X-Name-First: Maria Jo&atilde;o 
Author-X-Name-Last: Matos 
Title: Regional Polycentrism in a Mountainous Territory: The Case of Covilh&atilde; (Portugal) and Alpine Cities 
Abstract:
 <italic>The Portuguese mountain city of Covilh&atilde; possesses a
 singular industrial tradition. Today, many of the urban interventions
 undertaken result in an urban space and landscape disconnected from the
 mountains. Alpine mountain cities emerge as emblematic, given the
 representativeness the Alps assume within the context of European
 mountains. In the Alpine region, the polycentric system of cities
 condenses the characteristics associated with the topographical
 particularities and singular types of inter-municipal and cross-border
 relationships, where the economic changes and regional policies can be
 observed with greater clarity due to their specificity. In general terms,
 the quality of life, based on the landscape values, the identification of
 the citizens with their territory, and on the territorial planning at
 different scales, emerges as being linked to the construction of a brand
 identity based on sustainable urban development. It is in this sphere that
 the study of Alpine cases can inspire good practices to be applied in the
 Portuguese territory of the Beira Interior, namely in the medium-sized
 cities and in the synergies between them and the natural spaces. Thus
 Covilh&atilde; finds itself in an advantageous position to use its
 situation to construct a city brand in harmony with the mountain
 territory</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 379-397 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.865711 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.865711 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vasco Barbosa-Brand&atilde;o 
Author-X-Name-First: Vasco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Barbosa-Brand&atilde;o 
Author-Name: Inés Santé Riveira 
Author-X-Name-First: Inés 
Author-X-Name-Last: Santé Riveira 
Author-Name: Rafael Crecente Maseda 
Author-X-Name-First: Rafael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Crecente Maseda 
Title: Evolution of Legal Criteria for the Identification and Zoning of Rural Settlements in Galicia, NW Spain 
Abstract:
 <italic>Planning of rural areas is essential for the preservation of the
 countryside and the rural settlements (RSs), as well as for the provision
 of services, infrastructures and resources. In this paper the criteria for
 the identification and delimitation of RSs established by the successive
 land use laws in Galicia (a region of NW Spain) are assessed to determine
 if these criteria have successfully contributed to spatial delimitation.
 With this aim the relevance, effectiveness, efficiency, impact,
 sustainability, coherence and added value indicators, established by the
 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development for the evaluation
 of policies, have been used, as well as the objectivity, space typology
 and consistency indices. The results indicate that the legal criteria for
 RS planning have evolved towards a more objective and quantitative
 approach, especially through an improvement in the spatial concept of RS.
 This improvement is due to the definition and description of different
 typologies of RS areas and the incorporation in the criteria of
 qualitative and quantitative descriptions</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 398-429 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.867317 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.867317 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:23:y:2015:i:2:p:398-429




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christine Benna Skytt-Larsen 
Author-X-Name-First: Christine Benna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Skytt-Larsen 
Title: Regional Development and Proximity Relations 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 430-432 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.975972 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.975972 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:23:y:2015:i:2:p:430-432




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thomas B. Fischer 
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas B. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fischer 
Author-Name: Olivier Sykes 
Author-X-Name-First: Olivier 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sykes 
Author-Name: Thomas Gore 
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gore 
Author-Name: Naja Marot 
Author-X-Name-First: Naja 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marot 
Author-Name: Mojca Golobi&#x10d; 
Author-X-Name-First: Mojca 
Author-X-Name-Last: Golobi&#x10d; 
Author-Name: Paulo Pinho 
Author-X-Name-First: Paulo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pinho 
Author-Name: Bas Waterhout 
Author-X-Name-First: Bas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Waterhout 
Author-Name: Anastassios Perdicoulis 
Author-X-Name-First: Anastassios 
Author-X-Name-Last: Perdicoulis 
Title: Territorial Impact Assessment of European Draft Directives-The Emergence of a New Policy Assessment Instrument 
Abstract:
 <italic>European Union directives, along with their transposing
 arrangements in EU member states, can have unanticipated and sometimes
 undesirable impacts on certain regions and places. These include impacts
 on the use of space (e.g. new infrastructure or sprawl), governance, and
 on wider social, economic or environmental dimensions. Although ex-ante
 assessment of the potential impacts of EU initiatives has been carried out
 since 2002 through the European Commission's Impact Assessment procedure
 and also through national equivalents in some member states, important
 impacts are still overlooked, frequently because of their territorially
 heterogeneous nature within and between EU member states. This paper
 presents the results of the ESPON EATIA research project, in which a new
 territorial impact assessment methodology was developed for national and
 regional administrations in EU member states in order to inform their
 national positions during the negotiation of European draft directives and
 potentially other policy proposals.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 433-451 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.868292 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.868292 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:23:y:2015:i:3:p:433-451




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Benneworth 
Author-X-Name-First: Paul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Benneworth 
Author-Name: Mikolaj Herbst 
Author-X-Name-First: Mikolaj 
Author-X-Name-Last: Herbst 
Title: The City as a Focus for Human Capital Migration: Towards a Dynamic Analysis of University Human Capital Contributions 
Abstract:
 <italic>Universities' contributions to urban development frequently focus
 on their micro- or macro-scale effects, ignoring the meso-scale effects
 they have on inter-territorial relationships. Although universities are
 seen as an essential part of the recipe for successful urban development,
 there is a lacuna to understanding how they make places and shape urban
 hierarchies, and this article addresses this question. This article
 focuses on one university-urban development process, the creation and
 embedding of highly skilled graduates, to explore what the aggregate
 effects of universities on places are; it develops a set of indicators to
 measure graduate attraction and retention as well as the overall composite
 place effect. The article develops a typology based on these three
 indicator sets, and tests this using a data set developed from a Polish
 social media website. It finds that these indicators are a good way of
 measuring the effects of human capital creation and mobility at the urban
 scale. The article concludes by arguing that a greater focus is required
 in studying the roles that universities play in fostering through-flow in
 places, changing these places' nature as nodes within wider urban systems
 and hierarchies, in the context of university-regional
 development.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 452-474 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.868869 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.868869 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:23:y:2015:i:3:p:452-474




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sauli Eerola 
Author-X-Name-First: Sauli 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eerola 
Author-Name: Tomi Tura 
Author-X-Name-First: Tomi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tura 
Author-Name: Vesa Harmaakorpi 
Author-X-Name-First: Vesa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harmaakorpi 
Author-Name: Pentti Järvelä 
Author-X-Name-First: Pentti 
Author-X-Name-Last: Järvelä 
Title: Advisory Professorship Model as a Tool for Practice-Based Regional University-Industry Cooperation 
Abstract:
 <italic>The growing importance of "practice-based innovation models" has
 challenged the current consensus on the role of universities as main
 drivers of regional innovation systems. New models are needed to ensure
 the efficiency of co-operation between the region and universities. In
 this article, we present and analyse the effects of one practice-based
 innovation tool, the advisory professorship model, developed in the Lahti
 region, Finland. The Lahti region is relatively big by Finnish standards,
 but has no university of its own, which makes new types of knowledge
 transfer necessary. The empirical analysis is based on interviews of the
 companies that participated in the materials technology advisory
 professorship programme, developed and operated by Tampere University of
 Technology. In the analysis, we utilize the conceptual framework and
 analytical matrix developed by Tura <italic>et al</italic>. [(2008)
 Breaking inside the black box: Towards a dynamic evaluation framework of
 regional innovative capability, <italic>Science and Public
 Policy</italic>, 35(10), pp. 733-744] in the measuring of regional
 innovation capability. The study approach is based on regional and
 industrial viewpoints. In the light of the study, the programme had
 positive impacts on the innovation capability and innovation processes of
 companies. The advisory professorship model can be considered a useful
 practice-based innovation tool for regional university-industry
 co-operation with some limitations.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 475-493 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.869558 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.869558 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:23:y:2015:i:3:p:475-493




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kate Pangbourne 
Author-X-Name-First: Kate 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pangbourne 
Author-Name: Deborah Roberts 
Author-X-Name-First: Deborah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Roberts 
Title: Small Towns and Agriculture: Understanding the Spatial Pattern of Farm Linkages 
Abstract:
 <italic>Agricultural policy and farm lobby groups often stress the role of
 farm production in sustaining local economies. This paper considers the
 spatial pattern of upstream and downstream agricultural transactions of
 farms in North East Scotland and, in particular, the extent to which they
 take place within the locality of the farm holding. Three alternative
 definitions of "local" are considered: a distance-based measure; a measure
 which takes into account the location of the farm in relation to the
 nearest town; and a measure which takes into account the location of
 agribusinesses, defining a transaction as local if the farmer buys from
 (sells to) the nearest available input supplier (output purchaser). The
 results highlight the importance of allowing for context when explaining
 farmer purchasing and sales decisions. They also reveal a highly complex
 pattern of production-related linkages in the region, with many farmers
 choosing to bypass their most proximate agribusinesses. Certain towns are
 found to dominate agriculture-related transactions in the region,
 reflecting the spatial concentration of upstream and downstream
 agribusinesses. The findings provide new insights into theoretical debates
 on the role of small towns in the urban system and the changing importance
 of geographical distance in determining business transactions.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 494-508 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.872231 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.872231 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:23:y:2015:i:3:p:494-508




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tobias Chilla 
Author-X-Name-First: Tobias 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chilla 
Author-Name: Christian Schulz 
Author-X-Name-First: Christian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schulz 
Title: Spatial Development in Luxembourg: Mimetic Evolution or Emergence of a New Planning Culture? 
Abstract:
 <italic>Luxembourg's planning system is currently undergoing a fundamental
 reform with the establishment of completely new structures in some parts
 of it. The present paper reflects these developments in the following
 steps: We start by proposing a heuristic based on the planning culture
 perspective originally developed by Frank Othengrafen and colleagues,
 taking into account (a) planning artefacts, (b) the planning environment,
 and (c) the societal environment. Before we subsume the contemporary
 developments of the planning system we provide a brief description of
 Luxembourg's spatial context which, due to the country's small size and
 the high growth rates of its economy and population in the past years,
 displays a number of peculiar features. Applying the planning culture
 perspective on the planning system and its societal context reveals not
 only hybrid characteristics with regard to neighbouring systems. It also
 provides the important characteristics of the small state and shows the
 limits of the planning culture perspective.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 509-528 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.875129 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.875129 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Krister Salamonsen 
Author-X-Name-First: Krister 
Author-X-Name-Last: Salamonsen 
Author-Name: Jan Terje Henriksen 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan Terje 
Author-X-Name-Last: Henriksen 
Title: Small Businesses Need Strong Mediators: Mitigating the Disadvantages of Peripheral Localization Through Alliance Formation 
Abstract:
 <italic>This paper investigates how small entrepreneurial firms in two
 peripheral regions developed by entering the oil and gas industry. The
 paper draws on previous studies related to the establishment of strategic
 alliances and emerging clusters and contributes to these research streams
 by examining the disadvantages of peripheral localization and small firm
 size. We use a longitudinal case study based on primary data consisting of
 54 in-depth interviews conducted between 2007 and 2012 to illustrate that
 when large-scale oil and gas projects enter a peripheral region, oil
 companies can moderate local firms' disadvantages related to peripheral
 localization by actively facilitating relationships with established
 national firms. By facilitating such relationships and maintaining an
 active moderating role, strategic alliances and emerging cluster
 structures can arise. A cross-case analysis illustrates that the oil
 company had a decisive role in one of the two cases in two dimensions: its
 role as intermediary between local firms and national firms and its role
 in fostering the development of an emerging cluster structure by
 stimulating the establishment of new firms through the oil and gas
 project. In the second case, the oil company was unable to facilitate
 regional development.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 529-549 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.876975 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.876975 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:23:y:2015:i:3:p:529-549




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tihomir Viderman 
Author-X-Name-First: Tihomir 
Author-X-Name-Last: Viderman 
Title: REFINA-An Integrated and Multilevel Approach to Dealing with Land Consumption? 
Abstract:
 <italic>In Germany, land consumption for settlement and transport
 development amounts to 100 ha/day, thus significantly exceeding the goal
 set by Germany's sustainability strategy, which aims at reducing the rate
 of the expansion of built-up areas to 30 ha/day by the year 2020.
 Increased orientation of local authorities and stakeholders towards the
 promotion of economic competitiveness, complex interrelations between
 actors involved in planning, substantial planning autonomy of Germany's
 local administrative units, as well as stronger democratic norms in
 planning, render a traditional linear planning scheme obsolete. The
 federal administration and publicly funded research institutions therefore
 opted for a non-legislative approach aiming at the production of a body of
 methodologies, which would engage participation processes and deliberative
 decision-making. The name being a German acronym for "Research for the
 Reduction of Land Consumption and for Sustainable Land Management", this
 collaborative national programme gathered a number of planning actors who
 have framed the complex topic of sustainable land use into a series of
 manageable, fundable and adjustable projects which take into account
 multiple spatial and time scales. This paper emphasizes the elements found
 within REFINA which lead the way towards a strategic communication-based,
 integrated and multilevel approach to dealing with land
 consumption.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 550-567 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 3  
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.878311 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.878311 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:23:y:2015:i:3:p:550-567




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eloy Solís Trapero 
Author-X-Name-First: Eloy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Solís Trapero 
Author-Name: Inmaculada Mohíno Sanz 
Author-X-Name-First: Inmaculada Mohíno 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sanz 
Author-Name: José María de Ureña Francés 
Author-X-Name-First: José María de Ureña 
Author-X-Name-Last: Francés 
Title: Global Metropolitan-Regional Scale in Evolution: Metropolitan Intermediary Cities and Metropolitan Cities 
Abstract:
 <italic>The case of Madrid is used as empirical focus to propose a new
 classification of the metropolitan region urban medium-sized or secondary
 city system. Based on a methodology that integrates the morphological
 (size, location and socioeconomic history) and the functional dimensions
 (centrality index, advanced producer services (APS) concentration and
 commuting), the article compares new employment centres-cities with
 metropolitan origin-and historical cities-previously free standing cities,
 progressively integrated in metropolitan processes. The results show a
 distinction between (1)</italic> metropolitan cities<italic>, with a
 traditional intermediation role, and (2)</italic> metropolitan
 intermediary cities<italic>, that include an additional quality to their
 traditional intermediation role, that of concentrating APS. The article
 confirms that some medium-sized cities-metropolitan intermediary
 cities-linked to different origins and up to 100 km away from the
 metropolis are more visible in the global scene and are establishing an
 emerging global multicore-network at a metropolitan-regional
 scale</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 568-596 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.878691 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.878691 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:23:y:2015:i:3:p:568-596




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Massimo Giovanardi 
Author-X-Name-First: Massimo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Giovanardi 
Title: A Multi-scalar Approach to Place Branding: The 150th Anniversary of Italian Unification in Turin 
Abstract:
 <italic>This study draws from an interpretation of scale as a social
 construct to elaborate a multi-scalar approach to place branding that
 represents a growing set of theories and managerial practices aimed at
 leveraging the reputational capital of places. The article unveils that
 far from consisting of clear-cut processes which occur within a pre-given
 and fixed set of scalar boundaries, city, regional, country and
 supra-national brandings actually converge in a complex mechanism of
 intertwined practices and discourses. By grounding its theoretical
 investigation in a case study about the celebration of the 150th
 anniversary of Italian unification, this paper furthers the understanding
 of place branding from a multi-level perspective, addressing the tendency
 of previous studies to treat scale as a fixed hierarchy of nested levels.
 The findings show that scalar boundaries remain significant for the
 purpose of coordination and identification among the institutional actors
 involved. And yet, the investigation highlights that scalar boundaries do
 not constitute a structure of ontologically given contexts, but rather are
 the outcome of an ongoing dialectic process among place stakeholders
 through which scalar relations are constantly reproduced and nurtured
 during the staging of the place branding project</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 597-615 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.879851 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.879851 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephen McKay 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen 
Author-X-Name-Last: McKay 
Title: Attitudes and Ethics: Evaluating Knowledge and Regulatory Constructs in Planning Enforcement Practice 
Abstract:
 <italic>The departure point for the paper is the need to scrutinize
 previously unconsidered dimensions which are fundamental to understanding
 the dynamics of the planning enforcement system. Drawing upon emerging
 themes in regulation theory the paper fuses these with knowledge
 constructs. The rationale is that the regulatory regimes must be informed
 by knowledge imparted from a range of sources and the resultant quality of
 decision making in pursuit of remedies is inextricably linked to the
 robustness of the evidence base collated. The theoretical analysis,
 coupled with radical legislative changes, provides a lens for an empirical
 investigation which scrutinizes tactics, strategies, operational
 mechanisms, attitudinal dimensions and ethics with a view to identifying
 the key factors impacting upon enforcement efficacy. Prizes and pitfalls
 are identified in the course of the analysis and evaluation, with
 evidence-based remedies suggested where appropriate. The paper concludes
 by reflecting on the importance of theoretical synergy and epistemological
 advancement, taking cognisance of ethical and attitudinal challenges
 facing the planning profession; and, brings to book those who flagrantly
 breach the Code of Professional Conduct</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 616-637 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.884055 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.884055 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:23:y:2015:i:3:p:616-637




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Vang 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vang 
Title: The Metropolitan Revolution-How Cities and Metros Are Fixing Our Broken Politics and Fragile Economy 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 638-639 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.990607 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.990607 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:23:y:2015:i:3:p:638-639




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: André Torre 
Author-X-Name-First: André 
Author-X-Name-Last: Torre 
Title: New Challenges for Rural Areas in a Fast Moving Environment 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 641-649 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.945811 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.945811 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:23:y:2015:i:4:p:641-649




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: André Torre 
Author-X-Name-First: André 
Author-X-Name-Last: Torre 
Author-Name: Frédéric Wallet 
Author-X-Name-First: Frédéric 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wallet 
Title: Towards New Paths for Regional and Territorial Development in Rural Areas 
Abstract:
 <italic>The aim of this article is to shed some light on issues of
 territorial development and of rural development and to identify what
 links and opposes them. Indeed, everything pushes towards joining these
 two dimensions, which for a long time seemed disconnected. On the one
 hand, the policies targeting rural areas explicitly include the
 territorial dimension, while the distinction between rural and urban is
 getting blurred. In the meantime, decentralization, subsidiarity, the
 regionalization of agriculture, short circuits and local foods take place
 in parallel with the generalization of an urban model. Finally, we find
 that regional sciences are paying increasing attention to rural and
 agricultural dimensions, while studies concerning rural questions are
 starting to consider territorial issues. The first section of the article
 provides a critical presentation and attempts to define and distinguish
 the notions of development, territory and the rural. The second section
 addresses questions of regional and territorial development by presenting
 the main theories and public policies and concludes with a discussion
 about the possibilities of reconciling the theories and the policies. The
 third section follows the same structure, applied to the question of rural
 development, from analyses to grass-roots policies</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 650-677 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.945812 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.945812 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:23:y:2015:i:4:p:650-677




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aliye Ahu Akgün 
Author-X-Name-First: Aliye Ahu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Akgün 
Author-Name: Tüzin Baycan 
Author-X-Name-First: Tüzin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Baycan 
Author-Name: Peter Nijkamp 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nijkamp 
Title: Rethinking on Sustainable Rural Development 
Abstract:
 <italic>In many countries, rural areas have shown a new spatial-economic
 dynamics that have meant a contrast with the traditional urban-rural
 dichotomy. In particular, the need to use economic-ecological
 sustainability as a guiding principle for new rural development is a
 prominent feature. But how will rural areas, sometimes suffering from lack
 of economic development, peripheral positions and relatively low social
 well-being be able to face new challenges? Can they be attractive,
 innovative and developed ("hot spots") while maintaining their
 sustainability and continuity? This question was the background in
 conducting our research. Hence, this study aims to answer this question in
 three steps, namely (i) offering a contemporary overview, (ii) identifying
 the critical factors for and (iii) developing a set of sustainable
 development scenarios. In order to reach our aims, we applied the
 so-called pentagon model and used multi-criteria analysis, namely regime
 analysis. The data and information deployed in this study were obtained
 from field surveys conducted in 60 European and 17 Turkish rural areas.
 The results show that future choices are different among rural users and
 between European and Turkish villages. European users seem more consistent
 about their future and their will while the will of Turkish villages are
 still more concentrated on economic development rather than sustainable
 development itself</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 678-692 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.945813 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.945813 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kent Eliasson 
Author-X-Name-First: Kent 
Author-X-Name-Last: Eliasson 
Author-Name: Hans Westlund 
Author-X-Name-First: Hans 
Author-X-Name-Last: Westlund 
Author-Name: Mats Johansson 
Author-X-Name-First: Mats 
Author-X-Name-Last: Johansson 
Title: Determinants of Net Migration to Rural Areas, and the Impacts of Migration on Rural Labour Markets and Self-Employment in Rural Sweden 
Abstract:
 <italic>Across most of Europe, the countryside seems to show a polarized
 development in which large districts are depopulating, while certain
 areas, mainly around big- and mid-sized cities, are increasing in
 population. The latter development is often described in concepts of
 "rural gentrification" and "rurbanization", symbolizing a transformation
 of rural communities to communities with urban values and lifestyles. Most
 studies of the effects of these processes have focused on social and
 cultural consequences, as e.g. the displacements of lower-income
 households with higher-income residents and of rural culture and values
 with urban ones. This paper examines the phenomenon from another
 perspective, namely the effects of the "rurbanization" processes on
 countryside's labour markets and economic life. This paper aims at
 analysing the determinants of net migration to rural areas in general and
 to different types of regions, and the impacts of in-migration on rural
 labour markets, self-employment and other socio-economic conditions in
 Sweden for the period of 2003-2005. We find that net migration into rural
 areas increases with the size of adjacent local and regional centres,
 whereas net migration decreases with the average commuting distance of
 workers in the rural areas. When comparing in-migrants to rural areas with
 rural area stayers, our results indicate that the former has lower
 incomes, a lower employment ratio and a lower degree of entrepreneurial
 activities. These differences could-at least partly-be explained by the
 fact that rural area stayers were on average 6 years older than rural area
 in-migrants, i.e. the two groups were in different stages of their life
 cycles</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 693-709 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.945814 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.945814 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maryline Filippi 
Author-X-Name-First: Maryline 
Author-X-Name-Last: Filippi 
Author-Name: Pierre Triboulet 
Author-X-Name-First: Pierre 
Author-X-Name-Last: Triboulet 
Author-Name: Sébastien Chantelot 
Author-X-Name-First: Sébastien 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chantelot 
Author-Name: Stéphanie Peres 
Author-X-Name-First: Stéphanie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Peres 
Title: The Spatial Distribution of French Agricultural Cooperatives: An Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis 
Abstract:
 <italic>This paper studies the spatial dynamics of French agricultural
 cooperatives using the recently developed exploratory spatial data
 analysis tool. Analysis at the level of French districts in 1995 and 2005
 shows strong evidence for global and local spatial autocorrelations in the
 geographical distribution of agricultural cooperatives. The presence of
 spatial disparities between French districts is confirmed by the detection
 of such specific spatial patterns as district clusters, a group of
 neighbouring districts with the same high or low level of agricultural
 cooperative activities. A typology of all the different Regions is
 developed to examine the specific spatial patterns of the agricultural
 cooperative activities. The results indicate that major organizational
 changes in cooperatives do not significantly modify the initial dynamics
 concerning the location of activities</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 710-732 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.945816 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.945816 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eric Vaz 
Author-X-Name-First: Eric 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vaz 
Author-Name: Marco Painho 
Author-X-Name-First: Marco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Painho 
Author-Name: Peter Nijkamp 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nijkamp 
Title: Linking Agricultural Policies with Decision-Making: A Spatial Approach 
Abstract:
 <italic>The loss of agricultural land and its implications have been of
 great concern in the last decade. By undertaking a spatial analysis of the
 appropriation of agricultural land for urban use with an overlay of
 population and urban data, a focus on the consequences of certain
 regulations on the dynamics of land-use change is explored. This is
 achieved by integration of data inventories of agricultural land use for
 Portugal, and linking this information with CORINE Land Cover data as to
 assess change in the Algarve. An integrated assessment of agricultural
 land loss follows, undermined by the consequences of urban sprawl. In this
 sense, this paper expands on the currently existing decrees which provide
 support to sustainable development in the region while providing a
 qualitative assessment of future roles based on ethical values and
 economic efficiency and offering a feasible framework for policy-makers
 regarding the trends of urban/agricultural dichotomy in a planning and
 decision-making context</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 733-745 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.945818 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.945818 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Clarisse Cazals 
Author-X-Name-First: Clarisse 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cazals 
Author-Name: Jeanne Dachary-Bernard 
Author-X-Name-First: Jeanne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dachary-Bernard 
Author-Name: Marie Lemarié 
Author-X-Name-First: Marie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lemarié 
Title: Land Uses and Environmental Conflicts in the Arcachon Bay Coastal Area: An Analysis in Terms of Heritage 
Abstract:
 <italic>Coastal zones are specific areas which usually have natural
 resources of particular interest from ecological and heritage points of
 view. They are nevertheless subject to considerable pressure because of
 their attractiveness. Integrated coastal zone management is supposed to
 take into account these multiple factors in order to preserve natural
 resources and to allow for coastal development. In this context, land-use
 conflicts may emerge. This study aims to identify such conflicts and to
 explain them in terms of heritage conventions. An interesting methodology
 is implemented, using both focus groups' representations and daily press
 articles concerning the specific coastal zone of Arcachon Bay in the south
 west of France. The results raise questions on the link between water and
 land in coastal land-use management</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 746-763 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.945819 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.945819 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Markus M. Bugge 
Author-X-Name-First: Markus M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bugge 
Author-Name: Sara &Oslash;iestad 
Author-X-Name-First: Sara 
Author-X-Name-Last: &Oslash;iestad 
Title: The Micro-foundations of Regional Branching-the Case of Digitization of Publishing 
Abstract:
 <italic>Theorizing within evolutionary economic geography on regional
 branching of industries has so far been depicted as evolving through
 routine replication among different economic actors that hold various
 degrees of relatedness. Methodologically, related variety and unrelated
 variety have been studied quantitatively, treating relatedness between
 economic agents as pre-defined industrial classifications. This represents
 a need for a complementary qualitative and in-depth understanding of how
 knowledge is re-combined in various settings. Based on a qualitative case
 study in the publishing industry, whose technological platforms and
 business models are currently facing severe challenges associated with
 digitization, this paper seeks to improve our understanding of how
 knowledge is re-combined and re-applied in various ways. The paper
 explores and discusses how this industry branches out into new activities,
 and reflects upon the channels through which these processes unfold. How
 is the old and the new in the economy bridged? How is the relationship
 between specialization and diversification played out? In this sense, the
 paper seeks to contribute to improving our understanding of the epistemic
 micro-foundations for regional branching and economic
 development</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 764-784 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.970131 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.970131 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anna Lewandowska 
Author-X-Name-First: Anna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lewandowska 
Author-Name: Mateusz Stopa 
Author-X-Name-First: Mateusz 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stopa 
Author-Name: Grzegorz Humenny 
Author-X-Name-First: Grzegorz 
Author-X-Name-Last: Humenny 
Title: The European Union Structural Funds and Regional Development. The Perspective of Small and Medium Enterprises in Eastern Poland 
Abstract:
 <italic>The article concentrates on the role of European Union (EU)
 structural funds in the development of small and medium enterprises
 (SMEs). The analysis presented in this paper is based on the results of
 computer-assisted telephone interviews conducted with 394 representatives
 of enterprises localized in three Polish Voivodships: the Podkarpackie,
 the Lubelskie and the Podlaskie. The entire EU structural funds are based
 on the assumption that by additionally financing the development of SMEs,
 they influence regional development indirectly. Even though EU structural
 funds are not the only factor influencing economic growth and the creation
 of Gross Domestic Product, they affect the development potential of
 enterprises indirectly. However, from the perspective of the
 representatives of researched SMEs, EU structural funds are not so
 significant for commitment to investment. Actually, for SMEs in Eastern
 Poland, they have no effect on future investment plans. This bottom-up
 perspective researched in one of the poorest areas of the EU puts the
 assumption of the positive relation between the EU structural funds and
 regional development into doubt</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 785-797 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.970132 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.970132 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anne Aguilera 
Author-X-Name-First: Anne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Aguilera 
Author-Name: Virginie Lethiais 
Author-X-Name-First: Virginie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lethiais 
Author-Name: Alain Rallet 
Author-X-Name-First: Alain 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rallet 
Title: Spatial Proximity and Intercompany Communication: Myths and Realities 
Abstract:
 <italic>Spatial proximity is credited with numerous virtues in the
 economic literature. In particular, for a company to be located near other
 companies is seen as conducive to the development of business relations.
 Spatial proximity is also considered to contribute to the quality and
 efficiency of these relations by facilitating face-to-face meetings that
 foster the exchange of complex knowledge and, in particular, the emergence
 of innovation. This article explores the notion of spatial proximity in
 intercompany relations, its capacity to facilitate exchange, as well as
 the link with the methods of communication employed (information and
 communication technologies and face-to-face). It is based on a distinction
 between real proximity (the spatial distance between firms), perceived
 proximity (the spatial distance as evaluated by the firm itself) and
 active proximity (spatial proximity that facilitates the exchanges). The
 data come from a survey conducted in 2008 with more than 2000 firms
 located in the Brittany region (France). The findings emphasize the
 relative nature of the notion of spatial proximity and the distinction in
 some cases between real and active proximities, and show that the positive
 perception of the role of spatial proximity is sustained by the increased
 face-to-face contact it entails</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 798-810 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.979137 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.979137 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Johanna Liljenfeldt 
Author-X-Name-First: Johanna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Liljenfeldt 
Title: Legitimacy and Efficiency in Planning Processes-(How) Does Wind Power Change the Situation? 
Abstract:
 <italic>In land-use planning processes there often exists a tension
 between, on the one hand, making efforts to increase the democratic
 legitimacy of the process and, on the other, ensuring efficiency in the
 procedures. This is not least relevant in the case of large-scale wind
 power where development decisions balance between the need to safe-guard
 local self-determination and the urgency of mitigating climate change.
 This paper investigates how the issue of legitimacy versus efficiency is
 managed within the national planning systems of Finland, Norway and Sweden
 when faced with the expansion of wind power and how the national
 strategies for wind power planning are perceived by different
 stakeholders. As the EU Renewable Energy Directives set the conditions for
 national policy in the field, the empirical work starts with an
 examination of these documents before moving on to a comparison of the
 national planning and permitting processes. The results show that the
 development of wind power has been moving planning procedures away from
 more inclusive planning methods in favour of more top-down and streamlined
 ones</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 811-827 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.979766 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.979766 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ren Lu 
Author-X-Name-First: Ren 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lu 
Author-Name: Torger Reve 
Author-X-Name-First: Torger 
Author-X-Name-Last: Reve 
Title: Relations among Clusters<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN0000"/> 
Abstract:
 <italic>Many papers on economic geography have analysed industrial
 clusters, but few have addressed the relations among clusters. This paper
 discusses three types of relations among clusters to better understand why
 they occur and the roles that human resources, capital, knowledge and
 markets play in such relations. It provides theoretical ideas, empirical
 illustrations and suggestions for future research on the relations among
 clusters in a globalized economy</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 828-845 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.984661 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.984661 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Vang 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vang 
Title: Asian Entrepreneurship 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 846-847 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1006757 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1006757 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carola Fricke 
Author-X-Name-First: Carola 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fricke 
Title: Spatial Governance across Borders Revisited: Organizational Forms and Spatial Planning in Metropolitan Cross-border Regions 
Abstract:
 <italic>In Europe, cross-border cooperation in spatial planning has
 intensified in recent years. Organizations with varying institutional
 characteristics have emerged in urban areas that cross a national border.
 They deal with problems stemming from the cross-border situation. The
 institutional and spatial aspects of organizations on the sub-national
 level in nine European cross-border metropolitan regions are compared in
 this article. The analytical concept of metropolitan governance applied
 here takes into account the simultaneous existence of different
 cross-border organizations as well as their spatial and functional
 relationships. Subsequently, this article assesses the impact of
 governance on spatial planning in two cases, Basel and Lille, where
 institutional changes occurred on the sub-national level between 2000 and
 2010. The way organizational and spatial attributes of new forms of
 cross-border metropolitan governance influence the coordination of spatial
 policies is discussed here. The comparison of organizational
 characteristics and capacity to coordinate reveals important differences.
 Furthermore, comparing spatial scales shows how new cross-border
 perimeters are drawn along existing national territories. Organizations'
 competences and interests are decisive for the coordination and
 implementation of spatial policies</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 849-870 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.887661 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.887661 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: V.E. Balz 
Author-X-Name-First: V.E. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Balz 
Author-Name: W.A.M. Zonneveld 
Author-X-Name-First: W.A.M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zonneveld 
Title: Regional Design in the Context of Fragmented Territorial Governance: South Wing Studio 
Abstract:
 <italic>In the Netherlands, the formation of governance arrangements
 around planning issues that cross administrative boundaries has been
 assisted frequently by a design approach that is often referred to as
 "regional design". This is a distinctive method of policy argumentation
 that makes use of spatial representations of the plausible future of
 regions. Such representations are intended not only to indicate physical
 changes, but also to stimulate debate on sharing responsibilities and
 resources for planning tasks among planning actors. This paper contributes
 to a better understanding of the performance of regional design in the
 context of fragmented regional governance through a case study in the
 southern part of the Randstad in the Netherlands. We argue that regional
 design has contributed to institutional capacity in a complex polycentric
 and, looking at the governance structure, pluricentric region like the
 Randstad South Wing, largely by allowing for multiple
 interpretations.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 871-891 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.889662 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.889662 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anna Emmoth 
Author-X-Name-First: Anna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Emmoth 
Author-Name: Sabine Gebert Persson 
Author-X-Name-First: Sabine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gebert Persson 
Author-Name: Heléne Lundberg 
Author-X-Name-First: Heléne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lundberg 
Title: Interpartner Legitimacy Effects on Cluster Initiative Formation and Development Processes 
Abstract:
 <italic>In spite of the growing interest in cluster initiatives (CIs) as a
 means of regional development, there are still few studies of CIs that
 offer an inside perspective. This article takes such an inside
 perspective, focusing on the internal legitimacy aspects of the formation
 and evolving processes of CIs. We propose the inclusion of interpartner
 legitimacy effects in order to better understand the formation and
 development of CIs. A case study method is applied on a Swedish CI in the
 tourism industry. Faced with the situation that their region was lagging
 behind other Swedish regions in the development of tourism, the actors
 were spurred to promote a CI. Its central purposes were to consolidate the
 regional tourism industry, strengthen the regional brand and to establish
 the entire region as a single coherent destination. This paper contributes
 to the research body of regional development and CIs by showing how
 different types of interpartner legitimacies hinder and facilitate the CI
 process.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 892-908 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.891567 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.891567 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Silvia Crivello 
Author-X-Name-First: Silvia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Crivello 
Title: Urban Policy Mobilities: The Case of Turin as a Smart City 
Abstract:
 <italic>This article analyses urban policy mobilities taking into
 consideration the idea of the smart city, which is currently a sort of
 leitmotif used in many cities within the framework of discourses on urban
 development. More specifically, this article offers an analysis concerning
 the circulation and implementation of the idea of the smart city in Turin,
 Italy. It investigates the actors, processes and networks involved in the
 mobilization and reproduction of the idea, as well as the mechanisms,
 concerning the embedding of the smart city discourse in the institutional
 fabric of the city of Turin, Italy. It also emphasizes how urban policy
 mobility can develop even without processes of "imitation" and
 "adaptation" of best practices from other cities.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 909-921 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.891568 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.891568 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bernadette Andreosso-O'Callaghan 
Author-X-Name-First: Bernadette 
Author-X-Name-Last: Andreosso-O'Callaghan 
Author-Name: Helena Lenihan 
Author-X-Name-First: Helena 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lenihan 
Author-Name: Padraic Reidy 
Author-X-Name-First: Padraic 
Author-X-Name-Last: Reidy 
Title: The Development and Growth of the Software Industry in Ireland: An Institutionalized Relationship Approach 
Abstract:
 <italic>Ireland's software industry emerged in the 1970s and 1980s due to
 significant international developments and, more importantly, the
 industrial policy approach adopted in Ireland. The attraction of software
 foreign direct investment during these decades was followed by the
 emergence of an internationally competitive Irish software sector. A
 multitude of factors combine to explain the trajectory of software in
 Ireland: from developments related to globalization and international
 trade, to policy makers' efforts to promote an industry where Ireland
 could forge a comparative advantage internationally. An analysis of
 industrial dynamics and institutionalized relationships (IRs) furthers our
 understanding of significant developments in the industry in terms of
 interactions between firms, government and other stakeholders. This paper
 makes a novel contribution by analysing Ireland's software industry within
 the IR framework. The IR approach we employ focuses on the finance IR, the
 purchase IR, the employment IR, and the commercial IR. The adoption of the
 IR framework approach is particularly insightful in the Irish case as it
 facilitates a multifaceted analysis of the complex relationships that have
 moulded the Irish software industry. Such an approach also facilitates a
 study of the policy implications and policy prescriptions that are
 pertinent to the software sector.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 922-943 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.892572 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.892572 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Piotr Dawidko 
Author-X-Name-First: Piotr 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dawidko 
Author-Name: Grzegorz Micek 
Author-X-Name-First: Grzegorz 
Author-X-Name-Last: Micek 
Title: The Spatial Evolution of the Polish Biotech Industry: A Path-Dependent Process? 
Abstract:
 <italic>In Poland, similarly to other Central and Eastern European
 countries, the development of the biotech industry dates back to the late
 1980s, when the first private companies were established. The political
 and economic transformation of 1989 enabled mass development of private
 enterprises, but over the course of 20 years of development, only a couple
 of dozens biotech firms have emerged in Poland. The spatial evolution of
 the industry shows a strong concentration in Poland's six largest urban
 centres, which are characterized by the best scientific base, access to
 financial capital, and a well-developed local entrepreneurial culture.
 Given that all biotech clusters are also important centres of the
 pharmaceutical industry, despite the fact that there are no strong direct
 relationships between Poland's biotech and pharmaceutical companies, the
 authors of this paper put forward the thesis that the institutional
 environment of the pharmaceutical sector also affects the development of
 the biotech industry.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 944-962 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.897307 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.897307 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laura Pierantoni 
Author-X-Name-First: Laura 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pierantoni 
Title: Governing Regional Development Through Culture and Creativity: The Case of the Veneto Region 
Abstract:
 <italic>This article has adopted a focus on culture and creativity in
 order to reflect on existing policies for the governance of large
 polycentric territories. Two trends, namely the increasing importance of
 regions in the urban planning field of study and culture as a strategic
 factor for territorial development, are combined to see how culture can be
 used as a strategic element within processes of regional development.
 Culture-led strategies are found to be instrumental to regional
 development, especially in territories undergoing a moment of inertia. The
 case of the Veneto Region shows that this momentum has now evidently also
 arrived in Italy. At a time in which the whole country is experiencing
 economic crisis, the Veneto region seems to be trapped in a transition
 stage between its successful past and the uncertainty of these days. While
 the Regione del Veneto is only somewhat trying to include culture and
 creativity in its official regional planning documents, some bottom-up
 initiatives have highlighted culture as a strategic factor for governing
 large territories and for their all-embracing development. In this
 context, culture and creativity can be seen as tools for governing
 territories that do not follow the policy orientation given by Regione del
 Veneto, but rather have a new understanding of regional governance taken
 forward by the private sector working together with the local
 administrations</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 963-978 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.915013 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.915013 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marthe Indset 
Author-X-Name-First: Marthe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Indset 
Author-Name: Knut Bjørn Stokke 
Author-X-Name-First: Knut Bjørn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stokke 
Title: Layering, Administrative Change and National Paths to Europeanization: The Case of the Water Framework Directive 
Abstract:
 <italic>The EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) can be seen as a reform
 effort that intervenes in the member states' domestic administrative
 system by obliging "whole of government" measures across sectoral lines of
 authority and levels of government. This puts pressure on the sectoral
 authorities to coordinate their activities. In this article we ask the
 following questions: How do the state executives respond to the WFD? How
 can we understand their behaviour and action choices in the implementation
 of EU law? And third: What can our findings tell us about changes to the
 European administrative system? This article reveals that despite
 resistance and strong cognitive priors among the state executives, the WFD
 logic of ecosystem-based management is gaining a foothold as an
 administrative principle. Thus, in order to explain changes in the
 administrative system, we need to take the regional level into account.
 Our findings suggest that attention needs to be paid to the role of
 complex, multi-level structures, which includes the regional, river basin
 district level in the development of a European administrative
 order</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 979-998 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.915014 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.915014 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mendel Giezen 
Author-X-Name-First: Mendel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Giezen 
Author-Name: Luca Bertolini 
Author-X-Name-First: Luca 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bertolini 
Author-Name: Willem Salet 
Author-X-Name-First: Willem 
Author-X-Name-Last: Salet 
Title: Adaptive Capacity Within a Mega Project: A Case Study on Planning and Decision-Making in the Face of Complexity 
Abstract:
 <italic>There is a tendency in policy to reduce the complexity of planning
 and decision-making by simplifying both the process and the scope of
 projects. However, by framing a planning project's scope or process in a
 narrow way at an early stage, the possibility of adapting to changes in
 the context, and thus dealing with unexpected challenges, is limited. This
 paper explores the mechanisms that enhance or limit the adaptive capacity
 within the process of decision-making and planning. We develop the concept
 of adaptive capacity using organizational learning theory and use
 empirical data from a mega project in The Netherlands to identify the
 moments of adaptation and to discern these mechanisms. Mega projects are
 especially useful objects of analysis as the complexity of their planning
 and decision-making is extreme, with characteristically very long and
 controversial processes dotted by recurring deadlocks. In this empirical
 research we find that incremental adaptations such as mitigation measures
 are the initial response to deadlocks, but that for deadlocks caused by
 strong opposition, radical adaptations are needed. A more proactive
 approach to enhancing adaptive capacity is desirable and might
 paradoxically even lead to cheaper and more relevant projects and faster
 planning and decision-making.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 999-1018 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.916254 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.916254 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Krzysztof Janc 
Author-X-Name-First: Krzysztof 
Author-X-Name-Last: Janc 
Title: Geography of Hyperlinks-Spatial Dimensions of Local Government Websites 
Abstract:
 <italic>The purpose of this paper is to determine whether the connections
 in cyberspace relate in any way to borders as understood in geographical
 terms. This goal requires testing Tobler's First Law of Geography.
 Analyses of hyperlinks come under the domain of webometrics, which seeks
 to answer the fundamental question: Is it possible to measure the Web?
 This study identified all websites which have hyperlinked to the websites
 of local authorities in the region of Lower Silesia. These websites were
 classified by the geographical location of the entity determining their
 content and thematic category. On the whole, it can be said that
 connections in cyberspace largely reflect actual functional borders.
 However, the main functional node dominating cyberspace is a country's
 capital</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1019-1037 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.889090 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.889090 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dianne Dredge 
Author-X-Name-First: Dianne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dredge 
Title: Contemporary Perspectives on Jane Jacobs: Reassessing the Impacts of an Urban Visionary 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1038-1040 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1015784 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1015784 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roberto Camagni 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Camagni 
Author-Name: Roberta Capello 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Capello 
Title: Second-Rank City Dynamics: Theoretical Interpretations Behind Their Growth Potentials 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1041-1053 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.904994 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.904994 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Parkinson 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Parkinson 
Author-Name: Richard Meegan 
Author-X-Name-First: Richard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Meegan 
Author-Name: Jay Karecha 
Author-X-Name-First: Jay 
Author-X-Name-Last: Karecha 
Title: City Size and Economic Performance: Is Bigger Better, Small More Beautiful or Middling Marvellous? 
Abstract:
 <italic>This article discusses the contribution that second-tier cities
 can and do make to the economic performance of national economies across
 Europe. It reviews the competing theories about size, investment and
 economic performance. It presents a range of evidence about the
 performance of over 150 European capital and second-tier cities in 31
 countries. It identifies some key policy messages for local national and
 European policy-makers. It presents evidence that decentralizing
 responsibilities, powers and resources, spreading investment and
 encouraging high performance in a range of cities rather than
 concentrating on the capital city produces national benefits. It argues
 that in a period of austerity national governments should resist pressures
 to concentrate investment in capital cities and invest more in second-tier
 cities when there is evidence that: (i) the gap with capitals is large and
 growing (ii) the business infrastructure of second-tier cities is weak
 because of national underinvestment and (iii) there is clear evidence
 about the negative externalities of capital city growth. It argues that
 the issues have slipped down the European Commission's agenda and it
 should do more to ensure its strategies help realize the economic
 potential of second-tier cities in future</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1054-1068 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.904998 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.904998 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roberto Camagni 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Camagni 
Author-Name: Roberta Capello 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Capello 
Author-Name: Andrea Caragliu 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea 
Author-X-Name-Last: Caragliu 
Title: The Rise of Second-Rank Cities: What Role for Agglomeration Economies? 
Abstract:
 <italic>In the last 15 years, empirical evidence has emerged about the
 fact that European first-rank cities have not always led national economic
 performance, and when they did, the difference between first- and
 second-rank cities in explaining national growth has not been significant.
 A recent work [Dijkstra, L., Garcilazo, E. & McCann, P. (2013) The
 economic performance of European cities and city regions: Myths and
 realities</italic>, European Planning Studies, <italic>21(3), pp. 334-354]
 claims that second-rank cities have in fact outperformed first-rank
 cities, becoming the main driving forces in national economic performance.
 In the debate that emphasizes the role of second-rank cities in national
 growth, a simplified view of the role of agglomeration economies is
 provided; they are taken for granted in small- and medium-sized cities and
 only in large cities will the problem of a downturn in urban returns to
 scale emerge. In this paper, a more complex view is assumed, claiming that
 the oversimplified interpretation that urban economic performance simply
 depends on the exploitation of agglomeration economies and that these
 agglomeration economies merely depend on urban size alone should be
 abandoned. Some already existing theoretical frameworks in urban economics
 can help in recalling the role of possible bifurcations in the development
 path of cities, linked to the capability to attract or develop new and
 higher-order functions, increase internal efficiency and reach scale
 economies through cooperation networks with other cities (the city-network
 theory). All these elements work as conditions for fully exploiting
 agglomeration economies and ways to overcome urban decreasing
 returns</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1069-1089 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.904999 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.904999 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martijn J. Burger 
Author-X-Name-First: Martijn J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Burger 
Author-Name: Evert J. Meijers 
Author-X-Name-First: Evert J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Meijers 
Author-Name: Marloes M. Hoogerbrugge 
Author-X-Name-First: Marloes M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoogerbrugge 
Author-Name: Jaume Masip Tresserra 
Author-X-Name-First: Jaume Masip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tresserra 
Title: Borrowed Size, Agglomeration Shadows and Cultural Amenities in North-West Europe 
Abstract:
 <italic>It has been argued that the concept of "borrowed size" is
 essential to understanding urban patterns and dynamics in North-West
 Europe. This paper conceptualizes this idea and provides an empirical
 exploration of it. A place borrows size when it hosts more urban functions
 than its own size could normally support. A borrowed size for one place
 means that other places face an "agglomeration shadow" because they host
 fewer urban functions than they would normally support. This paper
 explores the extent to which size and function are related for places in
 North-West Europe and tries to explain why one place borrows size while
 the other faces an agglomeration shadow by examining the position of
 places within the regional urban system. The presence of urban functions
 was approximated using high-end cultural amenities. We conclude that the
 largest places in their functional urban area (FUA) are better able to
 exploit their own mass. The largest place in a FUA is also better able to
 borrow size from nearby places and from (inter)national urban networks
 than the lower-ranked places</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1090-1109 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.905002 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.905002 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Frank van Oort 
Author-X-Name-First: Frank 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Oort 
Author-Name: Stefan de Geus 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Geus 
Author-Name: Teodora Dogaru 
Author-X-Name-First: Teodora 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dogaru 
Title: Related Variety and Regional Economic Growth in a Cross-Section of European Urban Regions 
Abstract:
 <italic>This paper introduces indicators of regional related variety and
 unrelated variety to conceptually overcome the current impasse in the
 specialization-diversity debate in agglomeration economics. Although
 various country-level studies have been published on this
 conceptualization in recent years, a pan-European test has been missing
 from the literature until now. A pan-European test is more interesting
 than country-level tests, as newly defined cohesion policies,
 smart-specialization policies, place-based development strategies and
 competitiveness policies may be especially served by related variety and
 unrelated variety conceptualizations. We test empirically for the
 significance of variables based on these concepts, using a cross-sectional
 data set for 205 European regions during the period 2000-2010. The results
 confirming our hypotheses are that related variety is significantly
 related to employment growth, especially in small and medium-sized
 city-regions, and that specialization is significantly related to
 productivity growth. We do not find robust relationships that are
 hypothesized between unrelated variety and unemployment growth</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1110-1127 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.905003 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.905003 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Monica Brezzi 
Author-X-Name-First: Monica 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brezzi 
Author-Name: Paolo Veneri 
Author-X-Name-First: Paolo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Veneri 
Title: Assessing Polycentric Urban Systems in the OECD: Country, Regional and Metropolitan Perspectives 
Abstract:
 <italic>Contemporary urban systems in OECD countries are structured around
 functional regions, which often overcome established city-boundaries.
 Reading space in terms of functional regions allows assessing changes in
 urban hierarchies and spatial structures, including the polycentricity of
 urban systems at national, regional and metropolitan scales. By using a
 harmonized definition of functional urban areas in OECD countries, this
 paper first provides a sound definition of polycentricity at each spatial
 scale, highlighting for each of them the different links with policy.
 Second, it provides measures of polycentricity and explores the economic
 implications of different spatial structures. Results show that relatively
 more monocentric regions have higher GDP per capita than their more
 polycentric counterparts. At the country level, on the other hand,
 polycentricity is associated with higher GDP per capita</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1128-1145 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.905005 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.905005 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chiara Agnoletti 
Author-X-Name-First: Chiara 
Author-X-Name-Last: Agnoletti 
Author-Name: Chiara Bocci 
Author-X-Name-First: Chiara 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bocci 
Author-Name: Sabrina Iommi 
Author-X-Name-First: Sabrina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Iommi 
Author-Name: Patrizia Lattarulo 
Author-X-Name-First: Patrizia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lattarulo 
Author-Name: Donatella Marinari 
Author-X-Name-First: Donatella 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marinari 
Title: First- and Second-Tier Cities in Regional Agglomeration Models 
Abstract:
 <italic>This work has the purpose of inquiring into the presence of an
 urban hierarchy within second-tier city areas and alternative
 agglomeration models differing in their self-propelling ability and
 territorial sustainability. To this aim we confront regional polycentric
 areas, by going inside the traditional agglomeration and variety economies
 and the land settlement model of small-medium urban poles. In particular,
 the present work compares four Italian regions characterized by a
 territorial development driven by second-tier cities. The first two
 sections of the paper evaluate the functional pattern of the different
 urban systems and subsequently measure their rank in terms of
 extra-regional attractiveness on demand, which is expressed by rare
 services (Sections 2 and 3). Sections 4 and 5 tackle the issue of
 sustainability of settlements by taking into account land consumption and
 the degree of territorial fragmentation caused by different urbanization
 models. We discovered good urban performances and settlement
 sustainability of the second-tier cities agglomeration model in Italian
 regions, which is stronger when based on the co-presence of specialized
 small cities (which can assure a minimum amount of local demand for
 advanced services) and a multifunctional medium urban centre (which can
 ensure rarer functions). These findings bring strong recommendations on
 urban policies</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1146-1168 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.905006 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.905006 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rudolf Giffinger 
Author-X-Name-First: Rudolf 
Author-X-Name-Last: Giffinger 
Author-Name: Johannes Suitner 
Author-X-Name-First: Johannes 
Author-X-Name-Last: Suitner 
Title: Polycentric Metropolitan Development: From Structural Assessment to Processual Dimensions 
Abstract:
 <italic>In this paper we aim to enhance the prevailing structural
 perspective on metropolization by pointing to the mutual relationship
 between the processes of metropolization and polycentric development. We
 claim that a processual view is needed to emphasize the temporal
 dependencies between different layers of polycentricity, and to reveal
 that European city-regions are situated in different stages of polycentric
 metropolitan development (PMD). To illustrate this empirically, we first
 analyse Bratislava and Vienna as two European city-regions that recently
 decided to jointly approach metropolitan development, while their
 contextual conditions and development trajectories differ significantly.
 It is shown upon an indicator-based analysis that the two are in different
 phases of the metropolization process. Confronting this evidence with
 stakeholder assessments of the need for strategic intervention in
 metropolitan development further uncovers the importance of the strategic
 dimension in metropolitan research. Building upon that, we conduct cluster
 analysis for a sample of 50 European city-regions by the same indicator
 set. It is shown that even this large sample of agglomerations can be
 grouped by different types of metropolizes, reflecting distinct effects of
 the metropolization process on urban-regional transformation. Hence, we
 conclude that a processual understanding in strategic approaches to PMD is
 necessary. Only if the different phases, paces, and effects of the
 metropolization process are taken into account, we can formulate serious
 recommendations for the polycentric development of distinct European urban
 territories. The move from structural to processual understanding is an
 essential foundation to learning processes for the governance of future
 PMD. Furthermore, the emphasis on different types of metropolizes should
 be taken into account in the formulation of future European policies on
 metropolitan development</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1169-1186 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.905007 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.905007 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christophe Sohn 
Author-X-Name-First: Christophe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sohn 
Author-Name: Rudolf Giffinger 
Author-X-Name-First: Rudolf 
Author-X-Name-Last: Giffinger 
Title: A Policy Network Approach to Cross-Border Metropolitan Governance: The Cases of Vienna and Bratislava 
Abstract:
 <italic>This paper presents a structural analysis of the governance
 arrangements established between Vienna and Bratislava close to the
 Austrian-Slovak border. We unravel the metropolitan governance
 relationships built in the context of territorial debordering and
 critically assess the policy relevance of cross-border cooperation (CBC).
 We particularly focus on cross-border economic positioning as a policy
 domain of strategic importance in a neoliberal era marked by urban and
 regional entrepreneurialism. In order not to embed the analysis in a
 predefined territorial configuration or geographic scale, this paper
 argues for an approach based on policy networks. The key point is that
 those private and public actors involved in building cross-border regions
 are developing a diffuse form of governance that relies on a set of
 flexible and tangled connections that do not necessarily conform to the
 territorial boundaries of the states concerned. Based on original
 fieldwork and data on the exchange of information between the stakeholders
 involved in cross-border economic positioning, we use a social network
 analysis to describe the relational patterns of the policy network and
 complement the analysis with a qualitative assessment of actors' interests
 and strategies. The roles and positions of the actors reflect the sharp
 imbalances in interest and resources, highlighting the persistence of
 border-related barrier effects that hamper CBC initiatives between Vienna
 and Bratislava</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1187-1208 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.994089 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.994089 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rocío Pérez-Campaña 
Author-X-Name-First: Rocío 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pérez-Campaña 
Title: Vegas and Deltas in the Vicinity of Medium-Sized Cities in Andalucia, Spain: Landscapes under Pressure but Scarcely Considered in Planning 
Abstract:
 <italic>Peri-urban deltas and vegas (irrigated plains) in Andalucía are
 especially complex landscapes combining agricultural, natural, urban and
 cultural heritage elements. Their agricultural and peri-urban
 characteristics entail both conflicts and opportunities as highlighted by
 the European Economic and Social Committee among other national and
 regional agreements. In this research we analyse the general context of
 peri-urban agriculture of vegas and deltas in Andalucía and their land-use
 transformations between 1956 and 2007, focusing on the network of
 medium-sized cities. In addition, we assess the consideration of vegas and
 deltas in spatial planning at the regional level and the way in which
 these plans have-or have not-faced the singularity of these spaces. The
 results reveal that peri-urban, agricultural deltas and vegas are changing
 their land use and in some cases even disappearing, with the meagre
 attention and the vague consideration that spatial planning pays to these
 areas</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1209-1227 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.994090 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.994090 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Petter N&aelig;ss 
Author-X-Name-First: Petter 
Author-X-Name-Last: N&aelig;ss 
Title: Critical Realism, Urban Planning and Urban Research 
Abstract:
 <italic>The paper discusses key meta-theoretical presuppositions for urban
 planning to be possible and meaningful, pointing at critical realism as a
 fruitful philosophical position for research within urban planning and
 urban studies. For ontological reasons, critical realism considers that
 interdisciplinary integration is necessary to arrive at valid knowledge,
 whereas competing positions such as positivism and poststructuralism tend
 to neglect important parts of reality. Critical realism acknowledges the
 independent causal powers of both agents and structures and thus provides
 a suitable platform for investigating causal relationships between social
 conditions, spatial urban structures and the actions of agents (including
 those of planners). Moreover, a critical realist view on the possibilities
 of research-based predictions squares well with the qualitative impact
 assessments of alternative solutions and the modest, context-adapted
 estimates of magnitudes of effects typical within urban planning</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1228-1244 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.994091 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.994091 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Annalisa Caloffi 
Author-X-Name-First: Annalisa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Caloffi 
Author-Name: Federica Rossi 
Author-X-Name-First: Federica 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rossi 
Author-Name: Margherita Russo 
Author-X-Name-First: Margherita 
Author-X-Name-Last: Russo 
Title: What Makes SMEs more Likely to Collaborate? Analysing the Role of Regional Innovation Policy 
Abstract:
 <italic>The last 20 years have witnessed the diffusion of regional
 innovation policies supporting networks of innovators. The underlying aim
 of these policies is to encourage firms, particularly small and
 medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), to undertake collaborations with
 organizations possessing complementary knowledge. Focusing on a set of
 SMEs that have participated, over time, in several innovation networks
 funded by the same regional government, the paper investigates how their
 relationships have evolved with respect to the following aspects: (i)
 reiteration of pre-existing relationships as opposed to experimentation
 with new relationships; (ii) collaboration with organizations possessing
 complementary rather than similar knowledge and competencies; (iii)
 creation of local relationships rather than experimentation with
 extra-local collaborations; (iv) reliance upon intermediaries to connect
 with other organizations. Our findings reveal that the involvement in
 these policy-supported networks changed the firms' relational patterns,
 leading them to collaborate with a wider variety of agents than those with
 whom they were linked before the policies. Sectoral heterogeneity had a
 negative effect on the probability of collaborating, while co-localization
 increased the likelihood of collaborating. Mutual involvement with
 intermediaries also had a positive effect. However, in the case of
 firm-to-university relationships only specialized intermediaries were
 likely to perform a positive role and, therefore, encourage
 networking.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1245-1264 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.919250 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.919250 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Susanne Stenbacka 
Author-X-Name-First: Susanne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stenbacka 
Title: Insights into Transforming Regional Gender Relations--A Call for Space-Sensitive Dialogue to Enhance Regional Learning 
Abstract:
 <italic>The European Union (EU) constitutes a space that offers a wealth
 of opportunities for regional learning. This article addresses how the
 learning process takes place in an interregional project and how
 contextual factors affect the learning process. The work presented here
 draws upon theories on regional learning and the dissemination of
 management ideas, as well as taking agency and structure components into
 account. The internal project arenas are investigated in order to shed
 light on the learning process and how spatial relations play a critical
 role. A conclusion is that the learning process within EU financed
 projects will gain from developing the practice of reflection and
 space-sensitive dialogues. One challenge to be dealt with is the
 relationship between the metamessage of the project, and local variations
 and various gender narratives.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1265-1281 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.928672 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.928672 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jon P. Knudsen 
Author-X-Name-First: Jon P. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Knudsen 
Author-Name: Aase Marthe Johansen Horrigmo 
Author-X-Name-First: Aase Marthe Johansen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Horrigmo 
Author-Name: Erle Holstad Wright 
Author-X-Name-First: Erle Holstad 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wright 
Author-Name: Tor Borgar Hansen 
Author-X-Name-First: Tor Borgar 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen 
Title: Piloting Regional Innovation or Much Ado about Nothing?--Evaluating the R&D Policy Initiative of Nordland, Norway 
Abstract:
 <italic>This article evaluates the results of almost a decade of
 experience with regional R&D development and implementation for enhanced
 innovation in the county of Nordland, Norway. Following a 2002 national
 devolution initiative, the county of Nordland was the first among
 Norwegian counties to coin and implement a distinct R&D policy for
 business-related innovation and development. This was done by setting up a
 broad regional partnership, framing a regional strategy and by
 coordinating substantial budgetary resources to implement the strategy.
 The evaluation describes the results of this process as ambiguous. This
 article looks at the process from three perspectives. First, we look at
 the organizational side of how the policy formation and implementation
 processes have performed. Second, we evaluate the business community
 response to the policy initiative to see whether any signs of altered
 behaviour can be found. Third, we look at how the partnership dynamic can
 explain policy outcomes. Theoretically and policy-wise we then discuss how
 our findings contribute to new insights in the field of analysing and
 generating regional innovation policy.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1282-1301 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.928673 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.928673 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlos Pinho 
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pinho 
Author-Name: Celeste Varum 
Author-X-Name-First: Celeste 
Author-X-Name-Last: Varum 
Author-Name: Micaela Antunes 
Author-X-Name-First: Micaela 
Author-X-Name-Last: Antunes 
Title: Structural Funds and European Regional Growth: Comparison of Effects among Different Programming Periods 
Abstract:
 <italic>Strengthening social, economic and territorial cohesion is a
 central objective of the European Union (EU) and the Structural Funds
 reflect the main financial effort of the EU to pursue this goal. So far we
 have gone through four programming periods; to what extent the EU Funds
 have become more effective in promoting growth and reducing the
 disparities between EU Member countries is a matter of concern. We
 investigate the existence (or not) of learning effects and efficiency
 improvements following the reforms of Regional Policy. The study is
 applied to data from EU regions (EU12) in the most recent programming
 periods where data are available. The results suggest an improvement of
 the Funds efficiency in growth in 2000-2006 when compared to the previous
 programming period. Moreover, the returns from investments of Funds tend
 to be higher in richer, higher-educated and more innovative regions.
 Finally, the Cohesion group has not been able to transform the large
 transfers received into additional growth.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1302-1326 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.928674 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.928674 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Balázs István Tóth 
Author-X-Name-First: Balázs István 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tóth 
Title: Territorial Capital: Theory, Empirics and Critical Remarks 
Abstract:
 <italic>Territorial capital has gained considerable attention in the past
 few years. The aim with this work is to throw light on some underlying
 aspects of territorial capital research. The study focuses on the
 theoretical and empirical issues of territorial capital and highlights
 some critical remarks related to the topic. On the one hand, the focus of
 the study is on the comparison of concepts and approaches in connection
 with territorial capital; then an in-depth look is taken at "capital
 frameworks" related to the research field. On the other hand, a
 comprehensive overview is presented of empirical investigations by
 comparing the applied methods, dimensions and variables of territorial
 capital. An argument is also made for a critical assessment concerning the
 topic with regard to the sense and function of territorial capital in
 regional economics and local economic development and highlights some
 further dilemmas concerning the "properties of capital" and "territorial
 capital paradigm". Finally, some suggestions are provided for the future
 of territorial capital analysis. The main result of the study is an own
 belief in the concept of territorial capital.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1327-1344 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.928675 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.928675 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dan Kaufmann 
Author-X-Name-First: Dan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaufmann 
Author-Name: Miki Malul 
Author-X-Name-First: Miki 
Author-X-Name-Last: Malul 
Title: The Dynamic Brain Drain of Entrepreneurs in Peripheral Regions 
Abstract:
 <italic>Using a theoretical model, this paper analyses the evolution of
 gaps in entrepreneurial activity between the core regions of a country and
 the periphery. Using data from Israel, the results of the model indicate
 that endogenous decisions made by entrepreneurs increase the gap in
 entrepreneurship between the regions, creating a dynamic in which the gap
 grows continuously. When the model allows for movement between the
 regions, we find that the most talented entrepreneurs migrate from the
 periphery to the core region, leading to a brain drain of entrepreneurs
 from the periphery. Implications of the findings and recommendations based
 on them are also discussed. The paper contributes to the existing
 literature by analysing entrepreneurs as individuals, not as one unified
 group. Doing so facilitates a better understanding of the dynamic process
 that contributes to the growing gaps between core regions and the
 periphery.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1345-1356 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.929639 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.929639 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stephan Schmidt 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schmidt 
Author-Name: Stefan Fina 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fina 
Author-Name: Stefan Siedentop 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Siedentop 
Title: Post-socialist Sprawl: A Cross-Country Comparison 
Abstract:
 <italic>This paper presents a land-use change analysis of five Central and
 Eastern European (CEE) countries. We utilize CORINE (Coordination of
 Information on the Environment) Land-Cover and Urban Audit data for two
 distinct time periods: 1990-2000 and 2000-2006 aggregated at urban,
 suburban and non-metropolitan geographies. The literature on
 post-socialist cities suggests that urbanization rates and patterns in the
 post-socialist period are quite variable and divergent, both
 "inter"nationally and "intra"-nationally, and we expect to find both
 spatial and temporal differences. We compare and contrast urbanization
 patterns at the national scale, using cities and their functional urban
 regions as the unit of comparative analysis. Our results show that unlike
 other eastern European countries, metropolitan areas in the former German
 Democratic Republic began sprawling (defined as a decline in urban
 density) in the 1990s. Similar changes only became visible in other CEE
 countries later during the 2000s. We also demonstrate that larger cities
 which were better connected to the political elite and more economically
 integrated with global investment patterns experienced more extensive
 urban sprawl than their smaller and mid-sized counterparts.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1357-1380 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.933178 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.933178 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Guido Capaldo 
Author-X-Name-First: Guido 
Author-X-Name-Last: Capaldo 
Author-Name: Margarida Fontes 
Author-X-Name-First: Margarida 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fontes 
Author-Name: Lorella Cannavacciuolo 
Author-X-Name-First: Lorella 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cannavacciuolo 
Author-Name: Pierluigi Rippa 
Author-X-Name-First: Pierluigi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rippa 
Author-Name: Cristina Sousa 
Author-X-Name-First: Cristina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sousa 
Title: Networks Mobilized to Access Key Resources at Early Stages of Biotech Firms: A Comparative Analysis in Two Moderately Innovative Countries 
Abstract:
 <italic>This paper investigates the networking behaviour of biotechnology
 start-ups in peripheral locations. The aim is to understand whether the
 conditions found in this type of environment introduce some specificities
 in the networking process, namely in network building and early
 mobilization to access key resources. The paper compares biotechnology
 start-ups in Portugal and in Southern Italy, focusing on relationships
 with research organizations and on the relevance assumed by international
 connections, and investigating the role played by entrepreneurs' personal
 networks. The research identified some common features that diverge from
 the typical biotechnology start-up behaviour and can be regarded as firms'
 adaptive responses to the conditions faced. Notwithstanding the frequent
 presence of close connections with local research organizations--that
 often play functions that go much beyond that of a knowledge source--the
 local environment is a lesser determinant for a substantial proportion of
 firms than would be expected in start-ups. A distinctive feature of these
 firms is an extensive reliance on foreign sources, for different purposes
 and from the very early stages. Entrepreneurs' personal networks are found
 to be instrumental, both to identify and obtain knowledge in the vicinity
 and to support the establishment of more complex distant
 relationships.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1381-1400 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.934206 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.934206 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Caterina Branzanti 
Author-X-Name-First: Caterina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Branzanti 
Title: Creative Clusters and District Economies: Towards a Taxonomy to Interpret the Phenomenon 
Abstract:
 <italic>This paper deals with the occurrence of district economies in
 creative clusters, through the systematization of the extensive literature
 on the spatial concentration of creative activities. The research
 contributes to a larger understanding of creative clusters according to a
 revised taxonomy, formerly applied to traditional industrial districts,
 based on the four main advantages that district economies seem to trigger:
 reduction of production and transaction costs, increased efficiency of
 factors of production and enhancement of dynamic efficiency. Addressing
 the extent to which the same factors can be found in creative clusters,
 the paper, firstly, seeks to review some of the most important
 contributions that deal with such externalities, in the context of
 creative industries. Secondly, it provides some related reflections on
 strengths and weaknesses and possible future research developments. The
 net result is an effective analytical framework that can be used to
 interpret this peculiar geographic agglomeration, combining the notion of
 district economies and the exceptional features of creative
 industries.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1401-1418 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.935930 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.935930 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vesa Karvonen 
Author-X-Name-First: Vesa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Karvonen 
Author-Name: Matti Karvonen 
Author-X-Name-First: Matti 
Author-X-Name-Last: Karvonen 
Author-Name: Andrzej Kraslawski 
Author-X-Name-First: Andrzej 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kraslawski 
Title: Mapping the Activities Between a Public Research Organization and Interest Groups: A Case Study of LUT CST in Finland 
Abstract:
 <italic>The management of interest groups is the key element of fund
 raising and project development for a public research organization (PRO).
 Management is never a simple task. However, its complexity increases
 considerably when the research field of the PRO is generic, with numerous
 potential industries utilizing the research results. This paper discusses
 the identification and managing of interactions between a PRO and its
 interest groups. The case example is the Lappeenranta University of
 Technology (LUT), hosting the Centre for Separation Technology
 (CST).</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1419-1436 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.938222 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.938222 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Casper Laing Ebbensgaard 
Author-X-Name-First: Casper Laing 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ebbensgaard 
Title: Urban Lighting, Light Pollution and Society 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1437-1440 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1046613 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1046613 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Heidenreich 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Heidenreich 
Author-Name: Beatriz Plaza 
Author-X-Name-First: Beatriz 
Author-X-Name-Last: Plaza 
Title: Renewal through Culture? The Role of Museums in the Renewal of Industrial Regions in Europe 
Abstract:
 <italic>Bilbao has become a role model for the regeneration of declining
 urban and industrial regions. The debate on the so-called Bilbao effect
 showed that rundown industrial cities and regions might profit from
 culture-based development strategies, even if successful urban
 regeneration cannot be induced by only one flagship project without an
 appropriate local and regional context. Based on the comparative analysis
 of six, in general recently founded, museums in five countries (Guggenheim
 Museum Bilbao; Louvre in Lens; Centre Pompidou in Metz; Istanbul Modern
 Art Museum; Museum Folkwang in Essen; Museum of Natural History in
 Florence), the authors of this special issue discuss the role of these
 museums in building the image and the attractiveness of their local and
 regional environment, &nbsp;the cross-fertilization of ideas and &nbsp;the
 integration of a region in global circuits and networks. Museums can play
 an important role in building up "social capital", creating networks
 between different professionals, groups, sectors and segments of society,
 bridging diverse social backgrounds, lowering coordinating costs for
 individuals and businesses, and increasing the capacity of firms to
 reconnect</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1441-1455 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.817544 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.817544 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Beatriz Plaza 
Author-X-Name-First: Beatriz 
Author-X-Name-Last: Plaza 
Author-Name: Silke N. Haarich 
Author-X-Name-First: Silke N. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Haarich 
Title: The Guggenheim Museum Bilbao: Between Regional Embeddedness and Global Networking 
Abstract:
 <italic>This paper aims to show the levels of local and regional
 embeddedness of the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao (GMB) as well as its effects
 on the position of Bilbao within global networks. Although it is often
 said that the GMB as an international art franchise did not fit well with
 the local traditions, values and culture of Bilbao and the Basque Country,
 this paper attempts to show that the GMB is quite embedded into the local
 and regional context of institutions, private agents and policies. This
 effect increases with the growing recognition of the potential effects of
 the GMB on the creative and service industry in the Bilbao region. On the
 other hand, there is also an increasing tendency for Bilbao and the GMB to
 be included in global networks, as can be demonstrated by the branding
 effect of the GMB on the attraction of tourists or the increasing
 importance of the term "Bilbao" in semantic networks. The authors conclude
 with some recommendations on strengthening both the regional embeddedness
 and the global networking potential of museums in order to generate
 positive effects on urban regeneration and regional development</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1456-1475 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.817543 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.817543 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Guy Baudelle 
Author-X-Name-First: Guy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Baudelle 
Title: The New Louvre in Lens: A Regionally Embedded National Project 
Abstract:
 <italic>The creation of a second</italic> Musée du Louvre <italic>in Lens,
 a declining manufacturing city, clearly refers to the prototypical case of
 the Guggenheim Bilbao. However, this paper shows that the motivation and
 origin of the Louvre-Lens museum are very different, since it was decided
 by the central state and primarily funded by the regional authorities with
 a shared belief in the necessity of bringing art to the working class in a
 city lacking cultural facilities. This shortcoming made the project highly
 risky, and its successful implementation can only be explained from a
 theoretical perspective by various kinds of regional embeddedness.
 Finally, regarding the impact, even though this project was not directly
 inspired by the example of Guggenheim Bilbao, a positive effect is hoped
 for, and the paper aims to assess the possibility of producing the Bilbao
 effect</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1476-1493 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.819075 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.819075 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gerhard Krauss 
Author-X-Name-First: Gerhard 
Author-X-Name-Last: Krauss 
Title: The Creation of a Second Centre Pompidou in Metz: Social Embedding of a New Regional Cultural Facility and Formation of a Strategic Action Field 
Abstract:
 <italic>The present article analyses the process of the creation of a
 second Centre Pompidou outside Paris, based on the hypothesis that the
 success of the project depends on its social embeddedness. It is argued
 that a strong indicator of this embeddedness is the emergence of a new
 strategic action field--crystallizing the meeting and linking of different
 actors with divergent interests, but shared understandings about the
 common stakes. The process starts from a coincidence of cultural,
 political and economic motives that have their origins in related fields.
 These different interests are promoted by a few key protagonists who
 negotiate a preliminary, but still fragile social order, mixing idealistic
 ideas and values with political and economic issues. The analysis reveals
 that social institutions of French culture exert a strong influence, while
 internal governance units in Paris retain significant powers of control.
 Although new network connections seem to form smoothly around the Centre
 Pompidou-Metz globally in the region, in both the cultural and the
 economic domain they have developed quite unevenly</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1494-1510 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.817542 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.817542 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jean-Francois Polo 
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Francois 
Author-X-Name-Last: Polo 
Title: The Istanbul Modern Art Museum: An Urban Regeneration Project? 
Abstract:
 <italic>In the 2000s, contemporary art institutions have flourished in
 Istanbul. New museums (mostly private) and art galleries have been
 created; biennials and fairs of contemporary art have attracted a growing
 number of visitors. To what extent could this fostering of culture be
 linked with the "Bilbao effect"? To what extent are the promoters of these
 cultural investments betting on economic development and urban
 regeneration through these projects? Focusing on the Istanbul Modern Art
 Museum (IM), this article analyses the process of its creation and its
 potential impact on its environment. It argues that the development of
 culture investments in modern arts in Turkey is mainly due to the private
 initiatives of large industrial groups and the wealthiest families, most
 of the time with political support. More than the expected economic impact
 of cultural investments, the main reason for these public-private
 collaborations is the symbolic dimension that contemporary art provides to
 a country which strives to be perceived as modern, developed and European.
 From the IM to Istanbul European Capital of Culture 2010, cultural
 investments are a means of strengthening an international image in the
 context of the "membership" negotiations between "Turkey and the European
 Union".</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1511-1528 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.819074 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.819074 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Heidenreich 
Author-X-Name-First: Martin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Heidenreich 
Title: The New Museum Folkwang in Essen. A Contribution to the Cultural and Economic Regeneration of the Ruhr Area? 
Abstract:
 <italic>The "Bilbao effect" shows that major cultural investments can
 contribute to the regeneration of old industrial cities and regions. Four
 different contributions can be distinguished: the (1) direct economic
 effects of such an investment; (2) social functions of a cultural
 institution which often serves as a point of contact for local and
 regional elites; (3) symbolic functions as an expression of a new regional
 identity and (4) cognitive functions, for example, the contribution to
 regional diversity and the cross-fertilization of ideas. Taking the
 example of a major cultural investment in Germany, namely the renovation
 of Museum Folkwang prior to the European Capital of Culture RUHR.2010,
 this article discusses the economic, social, symbolic and cognitive
 contributions of this investment to the economic transformation of the
 town and the Ruhr area, which is now one of the largest urban
 agglomerations in Europe. A Bilbao effect was not intended and did not
 take place. The museum, however, contributed to the incremental
 transformation of the town by creating a different image of the town, its
 role as a meeting place and point of identification for local elites and
 companies and its contribution to the emergence of an integrated cultural
 district</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1529-1547 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.817545 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.817545 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luciana Lazzeretti 
Author-X-Name-First: Luciana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lazzeretti 
Author-Name: Francesco Capone 
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Capone 
Title: Museums as Societal Engines for Urban Renewal. The Event Strategy of the Museum of Natural History in Florence 
Abstract:
 <italic>The paper aims to contribute to the debate on urban renewal,
 departing from the so-called Bilbao effect. Focusing on the resurgence of
 a societal function of cultural heritage, we discuss the idea of the
 museum as a societal engine through a case study. Although the literature
 has been mainly dedicated to assessing the economic impact of large art
 museums in former industrial regions, the paper focuses on a small
 scientific museum, the Museum of Natural History in Florence, and on its
 strategy of social enhancement through the organization of small- and
 medium-sized cultural events in the historical city centre. Through the
 application of social network analysis to 17 temporary exhibitions between
 2000 and 2012 and the analysis of 790 events divided into three
 macro-areas (relations with territory, educational networks and scientific
 networks), the role played by the museum, the density and variety of
 events will be investigated. The resulting picture is that of a proactive
 museum located at the centre of a network of--mostly local--institutional
 actors that have effectively contributed to the re-vitalization of
 scientific knowledge and education as well as relations with the
 citizenship and the territory, therefore representing a valuable example
 of a societal enhancement of culture</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1548-1567 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2013.819073 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2013.819073 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: &#x141;ukasz Damurski 
Author-X-Name-First: &#x141;ukasz 
Author-X-Name-Last: Damurski 
Title: From Formal to Semi-formal and Informal Communication in Urban Planning. Insights from Polish Municipalities 
Abstract:
 <italic>The communicative turn within planning theory results in a high
 diversity of planning forms, adapted to particular spatial and social
 contexts. The degree of their embedment in the official planning law is
 varied, therefore a precise definition of what is "formal", "semi-formal"
 or "informal" may be a difficult task. Nevertheless, such attempts need to
 be made if we want to achieve a general conceptual and normative order in
 planning theory. In this study, 18 Polish municipalities experiencing a
 relatively fast growth in urban planning in recent years were examined.
 The analysis of the emerging new forms of public communication gave the
 following results: all the information produced within the planning
 process is perceived as public, though not all is publicly available;
 formal planning procedures are usually extended by the multiplication of
 statutory communication channels; the list of actors taking part in
 planning is dominated by landlords, developers and entrepreneurs, which
 affects plan formulation with an overbalance of economic factors. A
 general conclusion is that we may be witnessing a gradual shift from the
 traditional, hierarchical mentality in Polish planning towards a more
 communicative model</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1568-1587 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.993935 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.993935 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Munthe-Kaas 
Author-X-Name-First: Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Munthe-Kaas 
Title: Infrastructuring Public Sector Innovation: Challenging Municipal Work Practices in Copenhagen 
Abstract:
 <italic>In a complex and changing field, influenced by globalization,
 technological development, and increased differentiation and complexity in
 all parts of society, urban planners are increasingly required to rethink
 and innovate the way they manage and develop cities. As the contemporary
 focus on public sector innovation and "liveability" in cities gains
 momentum, the pressure on planners to re-invent their practices is
 becoming an interesting focal point for urban studies and raises the
 question of how research can engage with, and participate in, the
 development of new urban planning practices. This article reports from the
 action research project "Create your City", which intervened in the
 innovation strategy of the Technical and Environmental Administration of
 Copenhagen during the period 2011-2013. The article shows how researchers
 can engage with the contemporary challenges for urban planning by staging
 interventions that allow planners to imagine the city in new ways, and
 develop new planning practices in the process. By analysing the
 infrastructuring of "Create your City", the article shows how the project
 contributed to the development of new innovative practices in the
 administration, and points towards new potentials for scholarly engagement
 in the field of urban planning</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1588-1608 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.941791 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.941791 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vitnarae Kang 
Author-X-Name-First: Vitnarae 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kang 
Author-Name: Willem K. Korthals Altes 
Author-X-Name-First: Willem K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Korthals Altes 
Title: Flexibility and Public Accountability in Public Land Development Projects in Progress 
Abstract:
 Local authorities have moved many entrepreneurial activities outside the
 direct control of the municipal council. This includes land development
 activities relating to planning policies which involve both private
 development and public infrastructure. Many studies have shown that
 positioning activities outside the control of elected bodies undermines
 public accountability. Less is known, however, about public accountability
 in contexts where entrepreneurial activities are still run by the local
 authority. This issue may be particularly relevant when it comes to
 projects that are already underway because entrepreneurial activities
 imply flexibility and the choices made as part of this flexibility also
 need to be justified. This paper is based on a study of five key projects
 in a single municipality, Midden-Delfland in the Rotterdam/The Hague
 metropolitan region in the Netherlands, and analyses how land development
 projects are organized within a local authority. It shows that while they
 are structured to allow for flexibility in the process, the level of
 public accountability is not ideal. The quality of arguments used and the
 way in which decisions are justified leave room for improvement, which
 might be promising because they are organized within the local authority.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1609-1626 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.941792 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.941792 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Claudia Trillo 
Author-X-Name-First: Claudia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Trillo 
Title: Non-financial Compensation, Social Housing and Urban Design Quality: Beyond "<italic>Perequazione</italic>" 
Abstract:
 <italic>This paper investigates the use of public-private non-financial
 compensation in urban planning, aimed at achieving social housing goals.
 In so doing, it aims: first, to explain the current situation of housing
 policy in Italy and how it relates to the planning system; second, to
 explore how non-financial compensatory tools can be included in urban
 plans and third, to investigate successes and failures of selected case
 studies, in order to clarify the opportunities and threats of these
 innovative public-private tools. Drawing from qualitative empirical
 analysis of three case studies, the paper concludes that public-private
 non-financial compensatory tools may help to achieve public benefits,
 including social housing goals; however, it is essential to incorporate
 them into the ordinary planning instruments, in order to provide them with
 the appropriate framework through which to control sustainability and
 urban design quality</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1627-1645 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.942598 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.942598 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Amnon Frenkel 
Author-X-Name-First: Amnon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Frenkel 
Author-Name: Emil Israel 
Author-X-Name-First: Emil 
Author-X-Name-Last: Israel 
Author-Name: Shlomo Maital 
Author-X-Name-First: Shlomo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maital 
Title: The Evolution of Innovation Networks and Spin-off Entrepreneurship: The Case of RAD 
Abstract:
 <italic>We conducted an in-depth analysis of an Israeli startup, RAD
 Bynet, founded in 1981, that has intentionally, through the vision of its
 founder, given rise to 129 other startups employing some 15,000 workers,
 and created a unique "cloud". Through a survey of the existing firms, we
 sought to explore the nature of this ecosystem and to quantify the
 relationships that exist between the mother company and the enterprises
 that emerge from it. Our main findings were: (a) social and technological
 proximity encourages the tendency of the companies to maintain business
 relationships that probably contribute to knowledge exchange, while
 technological diversity drives innovation and startup formation; and (b)
 firms will choose to cooperate on the basis of a shared past and personal
 proximity relations, as well as technological proximity at a certain
 level; "viral clouds" of startups like the one we studied can thus
 intentionally be designed and developed</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1646-1670 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.998171 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.998171 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Casper Laing Ebbensgaard 
Author-X-Name-First: Casper Laing 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ebbensgaard 
Title: Cities of Light--Two Centuries of Urban Illumination 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1671-1674 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1046635 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1046635 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martina Fromhold-Eisebith 
Author-X-Name-First: Martina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fromhold-Eisebith 
Title: Sectoral Resilience: Conceptualizing Industry-Specific Spatial Patterns of Interactive Crisis Adjustment 
Abstract:
 <italic>While the regional resilience approach stresses major
 place-specific factors of adaptability to economic crises,
 industry-sector-specific mechanisms of shock response, which often
 cross-regional boundaries, still require conceptualization relating to
 aspects of resilience. This paper proposes the concept of sectoral
 resilience, which acknowledges that the actors who constitute the value
 chains and production systems of an industry sector, when struck by a
 major global crisis, collectively and interactively form a sector-specific
 pattern of response and adaptation. As these actors often strategically
 use assets at different locations, industry-specific spatial patterns of
 adaptation emerge that affect various regions in differing ways. After
 defining the suggested concept and related terminology, its geographical
 logics are outlined. Then major conceptual pillars of sectoral resilience
 are depicted, relating to six major, partly interdependent process fields.
 For each of them, mechanisms of shock adaptation of an industry sector and
 major factors of inter-sectoral distinctions of resilience patterns are
 pointed out, briefly illustrated by the examples of the automotive and
 mechanical engineering sectors. The approach helps us better understand
 industry-specific features of crisis adaptation and intersections of
 regional and corporate logics of resilience.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1675-1694 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1047329 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1047329 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christophe Carrincazeaux 
Author-X-Name-First: Christophe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Carrincazeaux 
Author-Name: Marie Coris 
Author-X-Name-First: Marie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Coris 
Title: Why Do Firms Relocate? Lessons from a Regional Analysis 
Abstract:
 <italic>In recent years, the qualitative evolution of relocations (from
 low-cost offshoring to more technologically intensive relocations) has
 become a new concern in political debate. Focusing on these new trends,
 the aim of this paper is to better understand relocations from the firms'
 point of view. The concept of relocation is reformulated by adopting a
 broad definition considering it as a specific dimension of firms' mobility
 options. We consider three analytical dimensions: relocation as a
 productive problem ("relational space" for coordination), relocation in a
 territorial dimension ("geographical space") and relocation as a complex
 decision-making process ("political space"). On this basis, we combine two
 strands of literature (economics of proximity and institutional approaches
 of the firm) for a better understanding of the decision-making process and
 the resulting diversity of situations. The framework is finally applied to
 the specific case of the Aquitaine region of southwest France in order to
 identify the conditions of anchoring and mobility of firms in spatial
 terms. Our aim is to show that the decision-making process of relocations
 cannot be reduced to a simple cost calculation, leaving room for local
 public policies.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1695-1721 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1048186 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1048186 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michaela Trippl 
Author-X-Name-First: Michaela 
Author-X-Name-Last: Trippl 
Author-Name: Tanja Sinozic 
Author-X-Name-First: Tanja 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sinozic 
Author-Name: Helen Lawton Smith 
Author-X-Name-First: Helen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lawton Smith 
Title: The Role of Universities in Regional Development: Conceptual Models and Policy Institutions in the UK, Sweden and Austria 
Abstract:
 <italic>The literature on universities' contributions to regional
 development is broad and diverse. A precise understanding of how regions
 may draw advantages from various university activities and the role of
 public policy institutions in promoting such activities is still missing.
 The aim of this paper is to provide a framework for analysing
 universities' contributions to regional economic and societal development
 in differing national contexts and the policy institutions that underpin
 them. To do this, we review four conceptual models: the entrepreneurial
 university model, the regional innovation system (RIS) model, the mode 2
 university model and the engaged university model. The paper demonstrates
 that these four models emphasize very different activities and outputs by
 which universities are seen to benefit regional economy and society. It is
 also shown that these models differ markedly with respect to the policy
 implications and practice. Analysing some of the public policy imperatives
 and incentives in the UK, Austria and Sweden, the paper highlights that in
 the UK, policies encourage all four university models. In contrast, in
 Sweden and Austria, policy institutions tend to privilege the RIS
 university model, whilst at the same time, there is some evidence for
 increasing support of the entrepreneurial university model.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1722-1740 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1052782 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1052782 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Franz Tödtling 
Author-X-Name-First: Franz 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tödtling 
Author-Name: Markus Grillitsch 
Author-X-Name-First: Markus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grillitsch 
Title: Does Combinatorial Knowledge Lead to a Better Innovation Performance of Firms? 
Abstract:
 <italic>The knowledge base concept in the past was often applied in its
 "pure form", i.e. it was assumed that there are dominant knowledge bases
 in particular sectors and firms shaping knowledge and innovation processes
 and related networks. For "analytical sectors" such as biotech, it has
 been argued that codified knowledge generated by universities and R&D
 organizations is the key for innovation, whereas "synthetic sectors" such
 as machinery innovate more incrementally by recombining existing knowledge
 often drawn from suppliers or service firms. Empirical literature has
 partly confirmed these patters, but also shown more complex knowledge
 processes. More recently it has been argued that combinations of different
 knowledge bases might enhance the innovation performance of firms. For
 example in "analytical sectors", firms might benefit not just from new and
 basic knowledge generated by research, but also from recombining existing
 and applied knowledge or by drawing on symbolic knowledge. Combinatorial
 knowledge bases might also be relevant for "synthetic" and "symbolic
 sectors", but in different forms. This study investigates for the ICT
 sector in regions of Austria if the reliance on combinatorial knowledge
 leads to a better innovation performance than the use of more narrow
 knowledge bases.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1741-1758 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1056773 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1056773 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Erik Stam 
Author-X-Name-First: Erik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stam 
Title: Entrepreneurial Ecosystems and Regional Policy: A Sympathetic Critique 
Abstract:
 <italic>Regional policies for entrepreneurship are currently going through
 a transition from increasing the quantity of entrepreneurship to
 increasing the quality of entrepreneurship. The next step will be the
 transition from entrepreneurship policy towards policy for an
 entrepreneurial economy. The entrepreneurial ecosystem approach has been
 heralded as a new framework accommodating these transitions. This approach
 starts with the entrepreneurial actor, but emphasizes the context of
 productive entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship is not only the output of
 the system, entrepreneurs are important players themselves in creating the
 ecosystem and keeping it healthy. This research briefing reviews the
 entrepreneurial ecosystem literature and its shortcomings, and provides a
 novel synthesis. The entrepreneurial ecosystem approach speaks directly to
 practitioners, but its causal depth and evidence base is rather limited.
 This article provides a novel synthesis including a causal scheme of how
 the framework and systemic conditions of the ecosystem lead to particular
 entrepreneurial activities as output of the ecosystem and new value
 creation as outcome of the ecosystem. In addition it provides a framework
 for analysing the interactions between the elements within the ecosystem.
 This offers a much more rigorous and relevant starting point for
 subsequent studies into entrepreneurial ecosystems and the regional policy
 implications of these.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1759-1769 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1061484 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1061484 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Krister Salamonsen 
Author-X-Name-First: Krister 
Author-X-Name-Last: Salamonsen 
Title: The Effects of Exogenous Shocks on the Development of Regional Innovation Systems 
Abstract:
 <italic>Drawing on previous studies related to the evolutionary aspects of
 regional innovation systems (RIS), this paper examines how an exogenous
 shock reduced organizational thinness, fragmentation and lock-in and
 thereby facilitated path creation and RIS emergence in a peripheral
 region. A longitudinal case study approach, based on primary data from 39
 interviews conducted between 2008 and 2012, is used to investigate how a
 region was affected by the sudden entry and subsequent activity of a
 multinational oil company. A multi-level analysis illustrates how this
 exogenous shock facilitated change at the firm, public authority and macro
 (regional) levels and thus provides a holistic understanding of the
 complex mechanisms that underlie regional transformation. The analysis
 illustrates how the entry of the oil company reduced organizational
 thinness by stimulating the establishment of external firms. The existing
 regional actors then managed to reduce their organizational lock-in by
 adapting their skills and resource bases to new knowledge provided through
 interfirm relationships (reduced fragmentation), and this reduced
 organizational lock-in and fragmentation ultimately strengthened the
 industrial structure and further contributed to regional path creation. A
 number of innovations were observed, and in combination with the
 "thickened" institutional structure, this represented the means for an
 emerging RIS.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1770-1795 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1038221 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1038221 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sérgio Nunes 
Author-X-Name-First: Sérgio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nunes 
Author-Name: Raul Lopes 
Author-X-Name-First: Raul 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lopes 
Title: Firm Performance, Innovation Modes and Territorial Embeddedness 
Abstract:
 <italic>This paper seeks to identify different innovation modes and their
 territorial embeddedness, relating them to firms' innovative and economic
 performance. We also analyse the relationship between the different
 innovation modes and the economic impact of the crisis on firms'
 performance. These relationships are tested by regression and latent class
 models for the Portuguese population of firms, using a sample of 397 firms
 classified according to technological intensity, size and region. Our
 results show three different innovation modes: a DUI (Doing, Using and
 Interacting) mode, an STI (Science, Technology and Innovation) mode and a
 TEI (Territorial Embeddedness Innovation) mode in which territory plays a
 key role. These innovative modes are related in different ways to firms'
 economic and innovative performance and also have marked distinctions in
 terms of resilience to the economic crisis. These findings lead to a
 reflection on regional innovation policy in the European context.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1796-1826 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1021666 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1021666 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jose-Luis Hervas-Oliver 
Author-X-Name-First: Jose-Luis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hervas-Oliver 
Author-Name: Gregorio Gonzalez 
Author-X-Name-First: Gregorio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gonzalez 
Author-Name: Pedro Caja 
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro 
Author-X-Name-Last: Caja 
Author-Name: Francisca Sempere-Ripoll 
Author-X-Name-First: Francisca 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sempere-Ripoll 
Title: Clusters and Industrial Districts: Where is the Literature Going? Identifying Emerging Sub-Fields of Research 
Abstract:
 <italic>The industrial district and cluster literature has generated an
 extraordinary quantity of articles, debates and topics for discussion, and
 encompasses one of the most vibrant lines of research in the field of
 economics, geography, management and related disciplines. The literature,
 however, is fairly fragmented. In this paper, "bibliometric" methods are
 used to analyse the cluster literature published between 1957 and 2014 in
 order to explore "prospective" research priorities through the method of
 "bibliographic coupling". Beyond focusing on foundational works in the
 past, this approach shifts the focus away from the practice of analysing
 co-citations and seminal contributions to one of looking at current and
 emerging trends in the literature. Using the ISI Web of Knowledge (Web of
 Science) as a database, an examination of two samples of 3955 and 2419
 articles is made. Results reveal the existence of sub-fields of inquiry
 that follow their own particular research agendas, which remain distinct
 yet interconnected to one another.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1827-1872 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1021300 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1021300 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Seamus Grimes 
Author-X-Name-First: Seamus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grimes 
Author-Name: Marcela Miozzo 
Author-X-Name-First: Marcela 
Author-X-Name-Last: Miozzo 
Title: Big Pharma's Internationalization of R&D to China 
Abstract:
 <italic>China's increasing integration into the global pharmaceutical
 value chain is occurring at a time when big pharma's traditional R&D model
 has entered a period of crisis, and when China faces significant
 challenges in providing healthcare for its huge and rapidly ageing
 population. Despite China's ambitions of promoting its own pharmaceutical
 sector, it is likely to continue to depend for some time on significant
 contributions from foreign companies. While this situation provides
 considerable opportunities for big pharma companies to expand their
 markets in China, they are also hoping that offshoring aspects of their
 R&D to China may contribute to reconfiguring their current R&D model with
 its weak record of producing new drugs. Drawing on interviews with a small
 number of pharma R&D centres in Shanghai, patent analyses and industry
 reports, we provide insights into both the challenges and the
 opportunities associated with the early stages of establishing such
 centres in an emerging region with a rapidly growing market. This paper
 contributes towards a more nuanced view of the internationalization of R&D
 in emerging regions.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1873-1894 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1029442 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1029442 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christine Benna Skytt-Larsen 
Author-X-Name-First: Christine Benna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Skytt-Larsen 
Author-Name: Lars Winther 
Author-X-Name-First: Lars 
Author-X-Name-Last: Winther 
Title: Knowledge Production, Urban Locations and the Importance of Local Networks 
Abstract:
 <italic>This paper analyses the relationship between knowledge production
 and urban locations in industrial design, a knowledge-intensive business
 service (KIBS). KIBS concentrate in urban locations. This is often
 explained by the co-location of client firms and market access in large
 cities. Recent research on knowledge production, however, reveals that
 knowledge productive networks are significant for both the competitiveness
 and location of KIBS. Thus, to understand the urban location of industrial
 design, it is important to analyse how knowledge production is organized
 within the industry. Industrial design is concentrated in urban locations,
 but most of its clients are located elsewhere. Hence, it seems that
 industrial design firms concentrate in urban locations mainly because
 their knowledge networks include specific types of formal and informal
 local social networks.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1895-1917 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1042840 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1042840 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shahamak Rezaei 
Author-X-Name-First: Shahamak 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rezaei 
Author-Name: Meghan Moquin Luhman 
Author-X-Name-First: Meghan Moquin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Luhman 
Title: Policy Discourses on Irregular Migration in Germany and the United Kingdom 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1918-1920 
Issue: 9 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 9 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1046638 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1046638 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dirk Fornahl 
Author-X-Name-First: Dirk 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fornahl 
Author-Name: Robert Hassink 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hassink 
Author-Name: Max-Peter Menzel 
Author-X-Name-First: Max-Peter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Menzel 
Title: Broadening Our Knowledge on Cluster Evolution 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1921-1931 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1016654 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1016654 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marta Gancarczyk 
Author-X-Name-First: Marta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gancarczyk 
Title: Enterprise- and Industry-Level Drivers of Cluster Evolution and Their Outcomes for Clusters from Developed and Less-Developed Countries 
Abstract:
 <italic>This article aims to discuss the international strategies of lead
 companies and the modularization of production networks as drivers of
 cluster evolution in developed countries, and to formulate propositions
 regarding the impact of those drivers on relationships with clusters in
 less-developed countries, based on literature reviews. Three streams of
 literature were combined, namely, that on (1) the role of lead companies
 in the development of industrial agglomerations, (2) the life cycle and
 evolution of clusters, founded on evolutionary economic geography and (3)
 the possibilities of upgrading by suppliers from less-developed countries.
 The article contributes by proposing a conceptual model that covers
 internal cluster evolution and the evolution of inter-cluster
 relationships globally to inform business and policy choices. Moreover,
 the research gap is addressed to study how the cluster dynamics in
 developed countries affect the upgrading opportunities for clusters in
 less-developed countries. The theoretical input consists in using the
 constructs of knowledge exploration and exploitation as mechanisms that
 determine cluster development prospects. Cluster development perspectives
 are shown as determined by those clusters' capacity to jointly pursue
 knowledge exploration and exploitation activities.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1932-1952 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.959811 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.959811 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christian Livi 
Author-X-Name-First: Christian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Livi 
Author-Name: Hugues Jeannerat 
Author-X-Name-First: Hugues 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jeannerat 
Title: Born to be Sold: Start-ups as Products and New Territorial Life Cycles of Industrialization 
Abstract:
 <italic>Territorial innovation models and policy practices traditionally
 tend to associate the emergence, resurgence and growth of start-ups with
 the development of local industries, either as industrial pioneers or as
 innovative spinoffs embedded in a regional production system. This
 approach is in line with a "life cycle" pattern of innovation and of
 industrialization marked by sequential waves of growth and decline, by
 technological renewal and by sectorial transitions. In a knowledge and
 financial economy characterized by combinatorial knowledge dynamics, by
 even shorter project-based innovations and by global financial and
 production networks, this approach is called into question. Through the
 case of Swiss medical technologies (Medtech), this paper highlights how
 local medtech start-ups' evolution is shaped, from its early phase on, by
 the corporate venture strategies of multinational companies. While the
 economic potential of start-ups was traditionally perceived in a longer
 run, they seem to be more often "born to be sold" today. New research
 avenues and policy issues are finally derived from this particular case to
 address territorial innovation and competitiveness in the future.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1953-1974 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.960180 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.960180 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tanja Sinozic 
Author-X-Name-First: Tanja 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sinozic 
Author-Name: Franz Tödtling 
Author-X-Name-First: Franz 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tödtling 
Title: Adaptation and Change in Creative Clusters: Findings from Vienna's New Media Sector 
Abstract:
 <italic>This paper investigates some of the features of technological
 heterogeneity in the New Media cluster in Vienna and the local and global
 factors that have shaped territorial learning conditions over time.
 Technological heterogeneity is given a central role in cluster evolution
 for the expansion of local capacities and opportunities for change. In
 this paper, it is argued that technological heterogeneity is an important
 but insufficient motor for cluster evolution. Rather, what is required are
 local technological capabilities and learning conditions for the
 exploitation of technologies for operations and procedures that are
 relevant for firm and cluster performance, as posited by evolutionary
 theories of technical change. These perspectives are used to interpret the
 complex, variegated and partially unpredictable features of technological
 heterogeneity in the New Media cluster in Vienna, revealing the importance
 of the capabilities embodied in people and local conditions of managing
 uncertainty mediated via heterogeneity in products, processes and client
 needs. For this sector, conditions of technological instability create
 increasing importance for local learning and networks if clusters are to
 be propelled more deeply into existent or more radically into novel
 specializations.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1975-1992 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.946641 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.946641 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Su-Hyun Berg 
Author-X-Name-First: Su-Hyun 
Author-X-Name-Last: Berg 
Title: Creative Cluster Evolution: The Case of the Film and TV Industries in Seoul, South Korea 
Abstract:
 <italic>Can the concept of co-evolution help to analyse and explain the
 dynamics of creative industries? This article tackles the question by
 investigating the film and TV cluster in Seoul, South Korea. The analysis
 of the 35 semi-structured interviews confirms the dynamics of the film and
 TV industries in Korea. First, Hallyu began with the export of Korean TV
 drama series across East Asia. The state deregulation and neo-liberal
 reforms during the 1990s in Korea boosted an explosion of the export of
 the Korean film and TV industry. Second, the core of the film and TV
 production is concentrated within Seoul, while dispersion of those
 industries occurred in Gyeong-gi province. Third, from an institutional
 perspective, tensions between the central government and the film and TV
 industry can be observed, which have been intensifying since 2006. This
 paper concludes that particularly co-evolution could potentially be an
 important concept to explain and analyse dynamics in creative
 industries.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1993-2008 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.946645 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.946645 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hanna Martin 
Author-X-Name-First: Hanna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Martin 
Author-Name: Lars Coenen 
Author-X-Name-First: Lars 
Author-X-Name-Last: Coenen 
Title: Institutional Context and Cluster Emergence: The Biogas Industry in Southern Sweden 
Abstract:
 <italic>According to some scholars in evolutionary economic geography
 (EEG), the role of (territory-specific) institutions is relatively small
 for explaining where a new industry emerges and grows as firms develop
 routines in a path-dependent and idiosyncratic manner. This article
 evaluates this assertion by studying the evolution of the biogas industry
 in the region of Scania in Southern Sweden. The biogas is predominantly
 used as a fuel in the regional transport system and is considered as a
 crucial means to achieve environmental goals in the region. Recently,
 regional public policy has been actively promoting this biogas industry,
 aiming for cluster development. Drawing on literature from EEG and
 technological innovation systems, this article seeks to unpack the
 evolutionary process that has led to the emergence of this industry. In
 particular, it studies to what extent territory-specific institutions have
 been crucial in that respect. The analysis is case-based, drawing
 predominantly on in-depth interviews with key stakeholders and firms in
 the industry. By doing so, the paper seeks to make a contribution to our
 understanding of cluster development, considering the interplay between
 technology, industry dynamics and institutions.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2009-2027 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.960181 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.960181 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michaela Trippl 
Author-X-Name-First: Michaela 
Author-X-Name-Last: Trippl 
Author-Name: Markus Grillitsch 
Author-X-Name-First: Markus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grillitsch 
Author-Name: Arne Isaksen 
Author-X-Name-First: Arne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Isaksen 
Author-Name: Tanja Sinozic 
Author-X-Name-First: Tanja 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sinozic 
Title: Perspectives on Cluster Evolution: Critical Review and Future Research Issues 
Abstract:
 <italic>The past two decades have witnessed an ever-growing scholarly
 interest in regional clusters. The focus of research has mainly been on
 exploring why clusters exist and what characteristics "functioning"
 clusters possess. Although the interest in more dynamic views on clusters
 is not new, in recent years, however, greater attention has been paid to
 providing better explanations of how clusters change and develop over
 time, giving rise to an increasing popularity of the cluster life-cycle
 approach. This paper discusses the key ideas and arguments put forward by
 the main protagonists of this approach and identifies several missing
 elements, such as indifference to place-specific factors, neglect of
 multi-scalar impacts and underappreciation of the role of human agency.
 Based on this critical assessment, a number of suggestions for future
 research are made. We argue that there is a need to study the influence of
 the wider regional environment on cluster evolution and to explore how
 cluster development paths are influenced by a multiplicity of factors and
 processes at various spatial scales. Finally, it is claimed that future
 research should pay more attention to the role of human agents and the
 ways they shape the long-term development of regional clusters. We outline
 how future studies can tackle these issues.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2028-2044 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.999450 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.999450 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Annika Agger 
Author-X-Name-First: Annika 
Author-X-Name-Last: Agger 
Author-Name: Jesper Ole Jensen 
Author-X-Name-First: Jesper Ole 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jensen 
Title: Area-based Initiatives--And Their Work in Bonding, Bridging and Linking Social Capital 
Abstract:
 <italic>In this article, we provide a conceptual and argumentative
 framework for studying how Area-based Initiatives (ABIs) can facilitate
 contact between networks in deprived neighbourhoods and external forms of
 power (linking social capital). These relations provide the residents and
 other members of civil society with crucial access to leveraging
 resources, ideas and information. Although few studies on linking social
 capital have been carried out in relation to urban regeneration, there is
 empirical evidence that suggests that it can play a positive role in
 establishing trust and relations between civil society and a municipality.
 We set out with a review of how social capital literature has been applied
 in an urban context, and then demonstrate empirical examples from Denmark
 of how, in different contexts (village, town and city), ABIs have
 facilitated processes that generated different forms of social capital
 (bridging, bonding and linking). The article concludes that ABIs
 contribute to creating linking social capital, but the extent of the
 contribution depends on the level of bonding and bridging social capital
 in the area. We argue that public planners as well as evaluators of the
 ABIs should increase their awareness about the potentials of an ABI to
 create linking social capital in deprived neighbourhoods.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2045-2061 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.998172 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.998172 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fangzhu Zhang 
Author-X-Name-First: Fangzhu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang 
Title: Building Biotech in Shanghai: A Perspective of Regional Innovation System 
Abstract:
 <italic>This paper examines the development of biotech in Shanghai using
 the perspective of regional innovation system (RIS). Three important
 components of RIS, namely land, human capital and the regional system, are
 investigated. The development of these components has to be understood in
 the specific Chinese context. For the land, the role of Zhangjiang
 High-Tech Park Development Corporation is discussed with reference to the
 land development mechanism after the establishment of Chinese land
 markets. For human capital, the policy of the central and local
 governments in talent concentration is analysed. For the regional system,
 the spatial distribution of biotech in Shanghai is introduced to create
 interconnected innovation spaces in the metropolitan region. The paper
 enriches our understanding of RIS in the context of biotech development in
 Shanghai.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2062-2078 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.1001322 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.1001322 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henning Kroll 
Author-X-Name-First: Henning 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kroll 
Title: Efforts to Implement Smart Specialization in Practice--Leading Unlike Horses to the Water 
Abstract:
 <italic>This paper reflects on the implementation of the RIS3 policy
 agenda. Based on two surveys and various phone interviews, it underlines
 that Europe's diverse pattern of institutional arrangements poses locally
 contingent policy challenges in which regional governance capacities are
 at least as important an issue as techno-economic potentials. In detail,
 it demonstrates how Southern Europe profited from novel practices while
 Eastern Europe had to invest substantially to change existing routines.
 Concluding, it argues that the main merit of RIS3 processes may, in fact,
 lie in their contribution to changing routines and practices of governance
 even if those, for now, remain without measurable effect on
 policy.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2079-2098 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.1003036 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.1003036 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:23:y:2015:i:10:p:2079-2098




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Markus Grillitsch 
Author-X-Name-First: Markus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Grillitsch 
Title: Institutional Layers, Connectedness and Change: Implications for Economic Evolution in Regions 
Abstract:
 <italic>The overall objective of this paper is to better understand
 regional change from institutional and economic perspectives. The paper
 introduces the concept of institutional layers in order to analyse the
 interdependencies between institutions of different types and spatial
 scales, and to investigate institutional change processes in a regional
 context. It suggests that the diversity and connectedness of institutional
 layers are key dimensions for explaining economic evolution in regions.
 Based on these two dimensions, the paper introduces a typology of regions
 and relates this typology to economic evolution and growth as well as the
 likelihood of fragmentation, lock-ins and disruptive changes.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2099-2124 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.1003796 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.1003796 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christian Franklin Svensson 
Author-X-Name-First: Christian Franklin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Svensson 
Title: Can Tocqueville Karaoke? Global Contrasts of Citizen Participation, the Arts and Development 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2125-2126 
Issue: 10 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 10 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1054106 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1054106 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dominic Stead 
Author-X-Name-First: Dominic 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stead 
Author-Name: Jochem de Vries 
Author-X-Name-First: Jochem 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Vries 
Author-Name: Tuna Tasan-Kok 
Author-X-Name-First: Tuna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tasan-Kok 
Title: Planning Cultures and Histories: Influences on the Evolution of Planning Systems and Spatial Development Patterns 
Abstract:
 <italic>This special issue addresses the influences of planning cultures
 and histories on the evolution of planning systems and spatial
 development. As well as providing an international comparative perspective
 on these issues, the collection of articles also engages in a search for
 new conceptual frameworks and alternative points of view to better
 understand and explain these differences. The articles focus on three main
 aspects: the change in planning systems and its impact on spatial
 development patterns; the interrelationship between planning cultures and
 histories from a path-dependency perspective; and the variations in
 physical development patterns resulting from different planning cultures
 and histories. Papers from different parts of the European continent
 present evidence at different scales to illustrate these aspects. In all
 cases, the specific combinations of political, ideological, social,
 economic and technological factors are important in determining urban and
 regional planning trajectories as well as spatial development
 patterns.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2127-2132 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1016402 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1016402 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joerg Knieling 
Author-X-Name-First: Joerg 
Author-X-Name-Last: Knieling 
Author-Name: Frank Othengrafen 
Author-X-Name-First: Frank 
Author-X-Name-Last: Othengrafen 
Title: Planning Culture--A Concept to Explain the Evolution of Planning Policies and Processes in Europe? 
Abstract:
 <italic>This article examines the complex relations between spatial
 planning and its cultural context (including the specific socio-economic
 patterns and related cultural norms, values, traditions and attitudes). To
 be able to analyze the extent to which spatial planning adapts to external
 pressures such as Europeanization, a "culturized planning model" with the
 three dimensions "planning artefacts", "planning environment" and
 "societal environment" is used. It can be observed that the
 "harmonization" of spatial planning practices can result from external
 pressures such as EU regulations as well as (horizontal) collective
 learning processes. However, "harmonization" does not necessarily result
 in convergence. Adaptational pressures such as Europeanization often
 result in the customization of existing structures, frames and policies
 ("planning artefacts" and "planning environment") but do not fundamentally
 change the underlying core cultural traits ("societal environment"). These
 cultural traits are quite resistant to change and help maintain a
 diversity of planning cultures and policies in Europe.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2133-2147 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1018404 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1018404 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jochem de Vries 
Author-X-Name-First: Jochem 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Vries 
Title: Planning and Culture Unfolded: The Cases of Flanders and the Netherlands 
Abstract:
 <italic>Planning culture has been frequently invoked in recent years to
 explain the differences in spatial planning across different countries. In
 discussing planning culture, most contributions emphasize the
 characteristics and particularities of spatial planning practice in
 particular contexts. This paper discusses the roles of culture and
 institutions in relation to the distinct urbanization patterns that have
 emerged in Flanders and the Netherlands. It concludes that it is not the
 differences between planning cultures (interpreted as the culture of
 planners, their ideals and practices and the features of the planning
 system) that provide the major explanation for different urbanization
 processes. It is rather the fit between the planning culture and the
 broader societal culture that seems to be an important explanation for how
 spatial development is managed.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2148-2164 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1018406 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1018406 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joost Tennekes 
Author-X-Name-First: Joost 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tennekes 
Author-Name: Arjan Harbers 
Author-X-Name-First: Arjan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Harbers 
Author-Name: Edwin Buitelaar 
Author-X-Name-First: Edwin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Buitelaar 
Title: Institutional Arrangements and the Morphology of Residential Development in the Netherlands, Flanders and North Rhine-Westphalia 
Abstract:
 <italic>This article aims to highlight the mechanisms through which
 institutional arrangements influence the morphology of residential
 development. By comparing the Netherlands, Flanders and North
 Rhine-Westphalia, which have quite similar socio-economic and landscape
 characteristics, it investigates how differences in national institutional
 environments have contributed to differences in the urban morphology of
 residential areas. This article fits within a broader institutional "turn"
 in planning research. While most of these studies focus on how
 institutions affect the behaviour of actors in the process of planning and
 development, this article focuses on the physical outcomes of these
 processes. The institutional analysis of physical outcomes suggests that
 urban morphology is not only linked to planning systems--the subject of
 this special issue--but also to housing cultures and property
 regimes.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2165-2183 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1018437 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1018437 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tuna Tasan-Kok 
Author-X-Name-First: Tuna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tasan-Kok 
Title: Analysing Path Dependence to Understand Divergence: Investigating Hybrid Neo-liberal Urban Transformation Processes in Turkey 
Abstract:
 <italic>This paper explores some deeply embedded differences between urban
 development processes. These are revealed in a Turkish case study by
 systematically analysing exogenous contingent events and trajectories. The
 study tests the concept of path dependence as a framework for analysing
 urban transformation. It examines the hybrid neo-liberal urban
 transformation along the Levent-Maslak axis, the extension of Istanbul's
 CBD (central business district). Commercial property development along the
 Levent-Maslak axis started in the late 1960s and, since the 1990s, the
 axis has become the financial heart of the city (even of the
 country)</italic>.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2184-2209 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1018458 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1018458 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Deborah Peel 
Author-X-Name-First: Deborah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Peel 
Author-Name: Michael Gregory Lloyd 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael Gregory 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lloyd 
Title: Towards a Framework for Cooperation: Spatial Public Diplomacy on the Island of Ireland 
Abstract:
 <italic>European spatial planning arguments advocate a blend of strategic
 thinking, coordination and related initiatives to promote and secure
 territorial cohesion. These ambitions embrace a set of normative agendas
 around economic, social and environmental convergence, competitiveness,
 policy coordination and efficient infrastructure provision across space.
 In practice, territorial management then involves devising interventions
 across inter-connecting scales of governance which comprise complex agency
 relations, differentiated places and defined communities. In transnational
 contexts, attempts to foster appropriate spatial governance arrangements
 and relations across sovereign borders necessitate re-crafting planning
 and development cultures and service delivery practices to advance
 territorial cohesion. Transnational working necessarily involves
 cooperation across an extended range of institutions, interests,
 influences and potential actors. This paper examines attempts to secure
 bi-lateral commitment to a joint planning framework for the two distinct
 territories on the island of Ireland. Specifically, it traces the formal
 and informal activities involved in the development of the 2013
 <italic>Framework for Cooperation</italic> between the Republic of Ireland
 and Northern Ireland. Informed by ideas of cross-border regionalism, it
 discusses the necessary spatial public diplomacy involved in the social
 reconstruction of strategic spatial planning to improve policy
 coordination and cross-border working.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2210-2226 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.942601 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.942601 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Breandán Ó hUallacháin 
Author-X-Name-First: Breandán 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ó hUallacháin 
Author-Name: Kevin Kane 
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kane 
Title: Regional Aspects of Collaborative Invention Across National Innovation Systems 
Abstract:
 <italic>This article analyzes the association between intraregional
 collaboration and levels of invention in nine developed countries. Patent
 data of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
 regions of nine inventive countries are used to determine if a significant
 positive correlation exists between reliance on own region partners and
 overall invention. Strong intraregional collaboration is also related to
 the knowledge bases of technologies and to the tendency for inventors to
 team up in the first place. Results show strong evidence that inventors in
 highly inventive regions co-patent more with own region partners and that
 they have a greater tendency to collaborate in the first place. Support
 for the hypothesis that information and computer technologies favour own
 region collaboration and that more biotechnology invention encourages
 external alliances is mixed. However, there is far less evidence that more
 biotechnology invention encourages more external alliances. Variation in
 the results between countries is interpreted as evidence that national
 innovation systems have distinctive internal locational attributes. The
 findings refute the assertion that strengthening aspatial network
 proximities has eclipsed the pivotal role of intraregional linkages in
 technological advance.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2227-2252 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.942602 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.942602 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hung-Nien Hsieh 
Author-X-Name-First: Hung-Nien 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hsieh 
Author-Name: Chi-Mei Chen 
Author-X-Name-First: Chi-Mei 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen 
Author-Name: Jun-Yao Wang 
Author-X-Name-First: Jun-Yao 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang 
Author-Name: Tai-Shan Hu 
Author-X-Name-First: Tai-Shan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hu 
Title: Knowledge-Intensive Business Services as Knowledge Intermediaries in Industrial Regions: A Comparison of the Hsinchu and Tainan Metropolitan Areas 
Abstract:
 <italic>The literature repeatedly stresses the role of knowledge-intensive
 business services (KIBS) as a provider of knowledge and information to
 other businesses and organizations. KIBS simultaneously promotes, mediates
 and enables client innovation. This investigation mainly seeks to link
 KIBS to the analytical structure of concepts, including regional
 innovation systems, knowledge exchanges and innovation patterns. This
 investigation interprets the role of KIBS as that of a knowledge
 intermediary that mediates and transmits knowledge among actors. This
 study also clarifies the mechanism of knowledge exchanges in different
 geographic innovation systems. The analytical results obtained by this
 investigation are applied to analyse the intermediary functions of KIBS in
 various metropolitan areas in southern and northern Taiwan. This
 investigation demonstrates variations in how KIBS act as knowledge
 intermediaries, and that these variations depend mostly on industrial
 cluster patterns, the dominant innovation patterns at their locations and
 the birth of sustainable KIBS. KIBS in large/core metropolitan regions,
 thus, are initially based on science, technology and innovation industrial
 activities, and further closely resemble doing, using and interaction
 industrial activities. Consequently, more informal learning processes,
 such as local buzz and discussion/competition relations, tend to develop
 in such regions.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2253-2274 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.958133 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.958133 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ward Ronse 
Author-X-Name-First: Ward 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ronse 
Author-Name: Kobe Boussauw 
Author-X-Name-First: Kobe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boussauw 
Author-Name: Dirk Lauwers 
Author-X-Name-First: Dirk 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lauwers 
Title: Shopping Centre Siting and Modal Choice in Belgium: A Destination-Based Analysis 
Abstract:
 <italic>Although modal split is only one of the elements considered in
 decision-making on new shopping malls, it remarkably often arises in the
 arguments of both proponents and opponents. Today, this is also the case
 in the debate on the planned development of three major shopping malls in
 Belgium. Inspired by such debates, the present study focuses on the impact
 of the location of shopping centres on the travel mode choice of the
 customers. Our hypothesis is that destination-based variables such as
 embeddedness in the urban fabric, accessibility and mall size influence
 the travel mode choice of the visitors. Based on modal split data and
 location characteristics of 17 existing shopping centres in Belgium, we
 develop a model for a more sustainable siting policy. The results show a
 major influence of the location of the shopping centre in relation to the
 urban form, and of the size of the mall. Shopping centres that are part of
 a dense urban fabric, measured through population density, are less car
 dependent. Smaller sites will attract more cyclists and pedestrians.
 Interestingly, our results deviate significantly from the figures that
 have been put forward in public debates on the shopping mall issue in
 Belgium.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2275-2291 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.965132 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.965132 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Irene Bernhard 
Author-X-Name-First: Irene 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bernhard 
Author-Name: Elin Wihlborg 
Author-X-Name-First: Elin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wihlborg 
Title: Municipal Contact Centres: A Slower Approach Towards Sustainable Local Development by E-government 
Abstract:
 <italic>It is Swedish government policy to use information and
 communication technologies to increase sustainability. This has
 implications for planning and local organization of communities. In the
 municipalities where most public services are provided, there are growing
 numbers of local contact centres (CCs) aiming to meet citizens' needs for
 information and coordination of public services. The CCs localize public
 services and combine different services into a one-stop practice focusing
 on needs and demands of individual citizens and their unique situations.
 The municipalities hereby have to plan for service provision in new ways
 to meet more individualized needs that are also in line with improved
 sustainability. CCs are both local offices and advanced services on-line,
 as e-governmental services. E-government could be considered fast
 government, but this article aims to turn that obvious first impression
 upside down and discuss how e-government can slow down and make services
 more local, personalized and sustainable. Theoretically we take off from a
 time-geographical modelling of slow processes that has implication for
 slower, more sustainable development. Based on in-depth case studies of
 municipal CCs we argue that they are tools towards improved sustainability
 and localism, and that they are "slowing up" administrative processes. In
 particular, we point out that e-government has a potential to plan for,
 and promote, sustainability and slow local development.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2292-2309 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.942599 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.942599 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maartje Bulkens 
Author-X-Name-First: Maartje 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bulkens 
Author-Name: Claudio Minca 
Author-X-Name-First: Claudio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Minca 
Author-Name: Hamzah Muzaini 
Author-X-Name-First: Hamzah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Muzaini 
Title: Storytelling as Method in Spatial Planning 
Abstract:
 <italic>Drawing on the case of the Wageningse Eng in the Netherlands, this
 paper considers the role of "storytelling" within spatial planning
 practices. It moves away, though, from seeing it as merely a model of
 spatial planning, where "storytelling" is sometimes used to justify
 planners' ideals for the landscape, or a model for spatial planning, which
 pushes for a normative use of "storytelling" as a means of encapsulating
 local knowledge and the views of those who live in, and use, the
 landscape. Rather, the paper engages "storytelling" as a method for
 revealing how formal planning practices may be destabilized by more
 vernacular narratives seeking to subvert dominant discourses and
 processes. In doing so, it seeks to not only show the contested nature of
 participatory planning within the Netherlands, but also the ways in which
 narratives--as revealed via such a method--construct specific
 positionalities with real implications for notions of inclusivity within
 planning practices.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2310-2326 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.942600 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.942600 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shahamak Rezaei 
Author-X-Name-First: Shahamak 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rezaei 
Title: International Handbook on Migration and Economic Development 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2327-2329 
Issue: 11 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 11 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1058467 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1058467 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nick Clifton 
Author-X-Name-First: Nick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clifton 
Author-Name: Roberta Comunian 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Comunian 
Author-Name: Caroline Chapain 
Author-X-Name-First: Caroline 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chapain 
Title: Creative Regions in Europe: Challenges and Opportunities for Policy 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2331-2335 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1104815 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1104815 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julie Brown 
Author-X-Name-First: Julie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown 
Title: Home from Home? Locational Choices of International "Creative Class" Workers 
Abstract:
 <italic>This paper focuses on the international migration dynamics of the
 highly skilled "creative class". To date, little research has been
 undertaken to provide an in-depth understanding of the underlying reasons
 behind the movements of these workers. By providing a micro-level,
 qualitative analysis of the motivations, experiences and migration
 trajectories of a sub-group of these workers, namely "creative Bohemians",
 this paper offers a perspective that is currently lacking in the
 literature. These individuals are considered to be particularly attracted
 by diverse and open urban milieus, as well as being instrumental in
 creating the type of urban environment that attracts other members of the
 "creative class". Birmingham, UK, was chosen as an example of a European
 city emulating "creative city" policies and being potentially well-placed
 to attract international talent due to its culturally diverse population
 and reputation for "tolerance". Findings call for a more nuanced
 understanding of the factors associated with both the attraction and
 retention of international talent, as it is clear that migration decisions
 depend on factors other than simply "quality of place" or diversity and
 tolerance. Policies focusing on subjective concepts of place
 attractiveness are thus unlikely to be successful. Instead, cities need
 carefully targeted policies that address their particular socio-economic
 and physical realities.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2336-2355 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.988012 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.988012 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Oli Mould 
Author-X-Name-First: Oli 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mould 
Author-Name: Roberta Comunian 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Comunian 
Title: Hung, Drawn and Cultural Quartered: Rethinking Cultural Quarter Development Policy in the UK 
Abstract:
 <italic>Throughout the last two decades, cultural quarters have been used
 by many local councils across the UK as attempts to redevelop and
 revitalize declining urban centres. Cities have spent millions of pounds
 developing cultural quarter policies, justified by the prevailing rhetoric
 of culture revitalizing the local economy and the creation of a "cultural
 milieu" that stimulates creative industry activity. However, in many cases
 in the UK, visitor numbers remain lower than expected, and in some cases,
 flagship projects have been sold off or closed down. High rents force out
 small and freelance creative industry actors, and (non-commercial)
 artistic interventions are strictly policed. Forming part of the wider
 debate on the political circumscription of the creativity paradigm, this
 paper argues that cultural quarters have been viewed within a
 predominately economistic, dichotomous and simplistic framework. This
 paper argues that there is a need for a more practiced-based, subjective
 account of cultural quarters that goes beyond such a traditional framework
 to include more deleterious practices such as community impoverishment,
 precariousness and short-termism.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2356-2369 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.988923 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.988923 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nick Clifton 
Author-X-Name-First: Nick 
Author-X-Name-Last: Clifton 
Author-Name: Tony Macaulay 
Author-X-Name-First: Tony 
Author-X-Name-Last: Macaulay 
Title: Creativity, Cohesion and the 'Post-conflict' Society: A Policy Agenda (Illustrated from the Case of Northern Ireland) 
Abstract:
 <italic>The intertwining of economic crises and political violence has
 been an ongoing narrative for Northern Ireland over the past four decades.
 However, with the end of 'The Troubles' and the transition to what has
 been termed a 'post-conflict' society (i.e. one in which the violence has
 largely ceased but its legacy remains), what is an appropriate agenda for
 economic development? To this end, we consider the current context in
 Northern Ireland in terms of cohesion, diversity and inclusion, and the
 implications therein of present policies. The geography of creative
 individuals within Northern Ireland is reviewed, and found to be
 particularly polarized within Belfast. That the highest areas of present
 deprivation are typically found in those most affected by past conflict
 suggests failures of policy since the 'Good Friday' Agreement of 1998. If
 economic growth, tolerance and diversity are linked, then all stakeholders
 must address these issues. Northern Ireland should neither be seen as a
 'normal' lagging region nor one into which a standard neo-liberal
 development agenda can be transplanted free of context. At present, social
 cohesion appears to be regarded as an outcome of economic prosperity
 rather than as a factor that might actually drive it.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2370-2389 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1103993 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1103993 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sophie Bennett 
Author-X-Name-First: Sophie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bennett 
Author-Name: Steven McGuire 
Author-X-Name-First: Steven 
Author-X-Name-Last: McGuire 
Author-Name: Rachel Rahman 
Author-X-Name-First: Rachel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rahman 
Title: Living Hand to Mouth: Why the Bohemian Lifestyle Does Not Lead to Wealth Creation in Peripheral Regions? 
Abstract:
 <italic>Using demographic data from a study of micro and small business
 owners operating in the crafts industry in rural Mid and West Wales, this
 paper identifies a mismatch between government business incentives and the
 bohemian values of local enterprises. This is highlighted as a
 contributing factor to explain why creative organizations in Wales do not
 generate the regional economic wealth expected from those working within
 the creative industries. Chaston [2008. Small creative industry firms: A
 development dilemma?</italic> Management Decision, <italic>46(6), pp.
 819-831] suggests that national policy relating to the economic
 development of regions is misguided because it is based on data collected
 in major cities. In periphery locations, many creative operations are
 concentrated in art and craft, yet little is currently known about these
 enterprises, and a limited amount of research has been conducted involving
 the craft sector in general. An initial investigation into micro and small
 craft enterprises is presented here, which indicates that although
 policy-makers view all creative firms as capable of economic development
 that will deliver growth and jobs [Oakley, 2011. In its own image: New
 labour and the cultural workforce,</italic> Cultural Trends,
 <italic>20(3-4), pp. 281-289], the type of creative firm attracted to the
 periphery regions of Mid and West Wales does not necessarily exhibit the
 type of growth anticipated from the creative industries sector.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2390-2403 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.988010 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.988010 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Montserrat Pareja-Eastaway 
Author-X-Name-First: Montserrat 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pareja-Eastaway 
Author-Name: Marc Pradel i Miquel 
Author-X-Name-First: Marc Pradel i 
Author-X-Name-Last: Miquel 
Title: Towards the Creative and Knowledge Economies: Analysing Diverse Pathways in Spanish Cities 
Abstract:
 <italic>Until 2007, many Spanish cities developed ambitious policies and
 programmes to foster the creative economy in a context of economic
 expansion mainly driven by the growth of the real estate sector. The goal
 was common but the means were considerably diverse. Currently, the
 development of creative sectors and the emergence of new economic
 activities in Spain have to cope with the deep economic recession
 affecting the country: given the considerably different specializations
 and prospects of employment creation, cities' strategies differ from one
 to the next. In this paper, these differences are explored through the
 analysis of four Spanish cities: Madrid, Barcelona, Bilbao and Valencia.
 First, we analyse how different paths of industrialization and
 modernization paved the way for different forms of transition towards the
 creative economy. Secondly, we elaborate on how the local context, defined
 by the set of actors interacting and the existence of economic traditions,
 frames a specific vision on creative and knowledge industries. Finally,
 the paper indicates to what extent the development of the creative economy
 in the four Spanish cities depends on the combination of trajectories and
 disruptive changes.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2404-2422 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.988018 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.988018 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thomas Perrin 
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Perrin 
Title: Creative Regions on a European Cross-Border Scale: Policy Issues and Development Perspectives 
Abstract:
 <italic>This article discusses the creative and cultural policies that are
 developed on a European cross-border scale. It provides a comparative case
 study of the Pyrenees-Mediterranean Euroregion, located on the
 French-Spanish eastern border and the Greater Region between Luxembourg,
 Germany, Belgium and France. The analysis is based on the concept of
 cultural development, which is related to Euroregions to emphasize the
 uses of culture, identity and creative resources in strategies of
 territorial attractiveness and institutional capacity-building. The
 analysis then shows how the dynamics of cultural development concretely
 impact Euroregional policies: implications, or even strengthening, of arts
 and creativity in cross-cutting policies--tourism and sustainable
 development, promotion of cultural diversity and the human dimension of
 development. Furthermore, these dynamics underline the contribution of
 cultural policy to the construction of territoriality, and subsequently
 the contribution of Euroregions to the territorial and cultural
 construction of Europe.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2423-2437 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.988017 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.988017 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christoph Alfken 
Author-X-Name-First: Christoph 
Author-X-Name-Last: Alfken 
Author-Name: Tom Broekel 
Author-X-Name-First: Tom 
Author-X-Name-Last: Broekel 
Author-Name: Rolf Sternberg 
Author-X-Name-First: Rolf 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sternberg 
Title: Factors Explaining the Spatial Agglomeration of the Creative Class: Empirical Evidence for German Artists 
Abstract:
 <italic>The paper contributes to the on-going debate about the relative
 importance of economic and amenity-related location factors for attracting
 talent or members of the creative class. While Florida highlights the role
 of amenities, openness and tolerance, others instead emphasize the role of
 regional productions systems, local labour markets and externalities. The
 paper sheds light on this issue by analysing the changes in the spatial
 distribution of four groups of artists over time: visual artists,
 performing artists, musicians and writers. Little evidence is found for
 amenity-related factors influencing the growth rates of regional artist
 populations. Moreover, artists are shown to be a heterogeneous group
 inasmuch as the relative importance of regional factors significantly
 differs between artistic branches.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2438-2463 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.979767 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.979767 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Wedemeier 
Author-X-Name-First: Jan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wedemeier 
Title: Creative Professionals, Local Amenities and Externalities: Do Regional Concentrations of Creative Professionals Reinforce Themselves Over Time? 
Abstract:
 <italic>This research analyses the impact of the creative sector on total
 employment and on the creative sector's employment growth in Western
 Germany's regions from 1977 to 2004. For the analysis, the definitions of
 the creative sector follow a technologically and culturally oriented
 definition and, alternatively, Florida's creative class (2002). These
 approaches are contrasted with a skill-based approach. Using a
 fixed-effects panel model with time lags, the results support the view
 that the creative sector fosters the regional growth rate of total
 employment. The results suggest, moreover, that an initially large share
 of regional creative professionals pushes the regional concentration of
 those professions in agglomerated regions further. The driving force
 behind the concentration of creative professionals is local
 amenities--measured by bohemians--and it is assumed that knowledge
 spillovers--possibly accelerated by diversity and close
 proximity--contribute to this polarization. These results are also
 confirmed for highly skilled agents.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2464-2482 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2014.988015 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2014.988015 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fredrik Kopsch 
Author-X-Name-First: Fredrik 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kopsch 
Title: Winners, Losers and Optimal Re-location of a Mining Town: An Approach Using Alonso Bid-Rent Functions 
Abstract:
 <italic>Kiruna, a mining town in the northern part of Sweden, is currently
 facing a serious planning problem. Rich quantities of iron ore underneath
 the town centre have led to a decision to re-locate the city and its
 residents. However, this does not affect all residents as some live just
 outside the risk zone. Thus, a re-distribution of wealth will occur when
 the distance to the town centre changes. This paper addresses two issues;
 first, is the re-location efficient in terms of this wealth
 re-distribution, that is, are the gains in property values larger than the
 losses from moving the city to the new location? and second, does the new
 location of Kiruna yield an efficient outcome, or could planners have
 chosen another location that would result in larger gains and smaller
 losses? Using a measure derived from Alonso bid-rent functions which is
 estimated with the spatial Durbin model, both these questions are assessed
 and the results indicate that moving the city centre does lead to gains
 that outweigh the losses, however, the proposed location of Kiruna does
 not yield an optimal result from this perspective.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2483-2496 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1006123 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1006123 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stan Majoor 
Author-X-Name-First: Stan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Majoor 
Title: Urban Megaprojects in Crisis? &Oslash;restad Copenhagen Revisited 
Abstract:
 <italic>Urban megaprojects that aim to attract and spatially accommodate
 (inter)national investment money have played a prominent role in urban
 policies in Europe in the last three decades. The 2007 global economic and
 real-estate crisis has disturbed the context in which contemporary
 projects are developed. Have projects been able to respond to these
 changing settings? We regard the management challenge that these projects
 face as the ambidextrous challenge of combining exploitative and
 explorative activities. In-depth fieldwork has been conducted on
 &Oslash;restad in Copenhagen, a project that originated in the early
 1990s. We analyse its pre- and post-crisis responses to this challenge and
 conclude that its particular new town development model has hampered its
 performance in this regard.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2497-2515 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1014780 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1014780 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mattias Qviström 
Author-X-Name-First: Mattias 
Author-X-Name-Last: Qviström 
Author-Name: Jens Bengtsson 
Author-X-Name-First: Jens 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bengtsson 
Title: What Kind of Transit-Oriented Development? Using Planning History to Differentiate a Model for Sustainable Development 
Abstract:
 <italic>Transit-oriented development (TOD) is frequently cited as a
 planning strategy which facilitates sustainability transitions on urban
 and regional levels. Its supporters emphasize its innovative nature, but
 this tends to downplay the importance of the long history of
 transit-oriented strategies. This study examined whether scrutinizing
 planning history, particularly regarding rural-urban interplay, can
 differentiate TOD strategies and facilitate a discussion on desirable
 kinds of future TOD. The analysis used the case of the town Skurup in
 Sweden, tracing its partial dependencies on past planning and urban
 development through archival studies, maps, interviews and field studies.
 Particular attention was paid to the establishment of the rurban village
 in the late 19th century and to modern planning in the 1960s. It was
 concluded that the "divergence" from the TOD strategy of the former period
 and the "similarities" with modern planning need to be critically
 discussed in developing future TOD strategies. Based on the case,
 strategies for going beyond modern planning and referring more clearly to
 earlier TOD approaches are suggested, not least in order to maintain the
 cultural heritage of the town and its hinterland.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2516-2534 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1016900 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1016900 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adolfo Maza 
Author-X-Name-First: Adolfo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Maza 
Author-Name: José Villaverde 
Author-X-Name-First: José 
Author-X-Name-Last: Villaverde 
Title: A New FDI Potential Index: Design and Application to the EU Regions 
Abstract:
 <italic>The aim of this paper is to propose a new way of computing the FDI
 Potential Index to address the issue of FDI attractiveness at the EU
 regional level. This new index employs a sound way of selecting the
 variables involved in its construction, for which a factor analysis is
 performed. Accordingly, six factors ("economic potential", "market size",
 "labour situation", "technological progress", "labour regulation" and
 "competitiveness") are identified. Next, by applying the methodology of
 composite indicators and considering different weighting and aggregation
 schemes, three versions (un-weighted linear, weighted linear and weighted
 geometric) of the new FDI Potential Index are computed. Afterwards, the
 comparison of the weighted linear version of the Potential Index with the
 conventional FDI Performance Index allows us to apply the United Nations
 Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) FDI typology. The results
 reveal considerable heterogeneity among EU regions in terms of FDI
 attractiveness, and that regions belonging to the same group of the UNCTAD
 classification are highly concentrated from a geographical perspective. In
 view of these findings, we compute an additional version of both the FDI
 Potential and Performance indices, in which the geographical location of
 each region plays a key role. Based on these spatial indices, some general
 policy implications are drawn.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2535-2565 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1020771 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1020771 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francesco Chiodelli 
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chiodelli 
Title: What is really different between cohousing and gated communities? 
Abstract:
 <italic>The paper focuses on differences and similarities between two
 types of intentional private residential communities: cohousing and gated
 communities. The academic debate is dominated by the view that cohousing
 and gated communities are completely different phenomena in terms of aims,
 goals, nature and characteristics. However, I do not find these opinions
 entirely convincing: hence, in this paper, I shall discuss some of their
 weaknesses with regard to the (alleged) differences between cohousing and
 gated communities in terms of the reasons guiding the choice of the
 community, openness of communal spaces and the speculative nature of the
 projects. Some critical perspectives in terms of public policy are
 introduced in the last part of the paper.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2566-2581 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1096915 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1096915 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matti Fritsch 
Author-X-Name-First: Matti 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fritsch 
Author-Name: Sarolta Németh 
Author-X-Name-First: Sarolta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Németh 
Author-Name: Minna Piipponen 
Author-X-Name-First: Minna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Piipponen 
Author-Name: Gleb Yarovoy 
Author-X-Name-First: Gleb 
Author-X-Name-Last: Yarovoy 
Title: Whose partnership? Regional participatory arrangements in CBC programming on the Finnish-Russian border<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN0001"/> 
Abstract:
 <italic>Cross-border cooperation (CBC) serves as a tool to combat
 peripherality of border regions and integrate formerly disconnected
 borderlands. Resting on the principles of partnership and multi-level
 governance, CBC activities are deemed by the European Union (EU) to
 include local/regional authorities, economic and social partners at
 various stages of the cooperation process. Even at the EU's external
 borders, where EU regional development principles of CBC are endorsed in
 an often uneasy combination with external policy principles, joint
 cross-border administrative arrangements and regional programme designs
 have been introduced through successive administrative reforms. Analysing
 the preparations for the European Neighbourhood Instrument Karelia CBC
 (2014-2020), it is argued that in order to promote regional development
 goals the priorities of CBC programmes should be in line with the aims of
 local/regional stakeholders, which requires resilient consultation and
 participatory processes throughout the programming cycle. Participant
 observation of the Finnish-Russian Karelia CBC programme preparations
 helped the authors pinpoint achievements and weaknesses of current joint
 programming solutions and investigate ways in which the partnership
 principle is put into practice in the preparatory processes. In the
 current political climate, it is interesting to note that CBC was not
 included by the EU or Russia in sanctions/countersanctions that were the
 result of the crisis in Ukraine.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2582-2599 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1096916 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1096916 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carmen Merchán-Hernández 
Author-X-Name-First: Carmen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Merchán-Hernández 
Author-Name: Oihana Valmaseda-Andia 
Author-X-Name-First: Oihana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Valmaseda-Andia 
Author-Name: Manuel Fernández-Esquinas 
Author-X-Name-First: Manuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández-Esquinas 
Title: The challenges of connecting science-industry in peripheral regions: researchers' attitudes and organizational and institutional features as determinants 
Abstract:
 <italic>Researchers' attitudes towards knowledge transfer are considered
 to be one important barrier to interaction with the business sector
 despite institutional and organizational determinants. This study focuses
 on the empirical analysis of a catch-up region and provides relevant
 results to enable understanding of the dynamics of emergence of knowledge
 transfer in less industrialized contexts. The purpose of the analysis lies
 in the combined study of the influence of determinants from three
 different levels in the development of interaction with firms at the
 organizational, institutional and individual levels, which refers to
 researchers' attitudes towards interaction. The empirical analysis is
 based on a face-to-face survey designed for this purpose addressed to a
 representative sample of 765 research team leaders in a peripheral region.
 The results suggest that team leaders' attitudes are not a significant
 barrier to interaction with firms compared to other variables related to
 institutional and organizational levels and highlight implications for
 policy-makers.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2600-2620 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1085497 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1085497 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bjarke Refslund 
Author-X-Name-First: Bjarke 
Author-X-Name-Last: Refslund 
Title: Global Production Networks: Theorizing Economic Development in an Interconnected World 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 2621-2624 
Issue: 12 
Volume: 23 
Year: 2015 
Month: 12 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1073907 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1073907 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lennart J. Lundqvist 
Author-X-Name-First: Lennart J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lundqvist 
Title: Planning for Climate Change Adaptation in a Multi-level Context: The Gothenburg Metropolitan Area 
Abstract:
 <italic>Individual local governments are key players in Sweden's strategy
 for climate adaptation but their authority does not match the scale of
 climate change and its impacts. Competences are divided among local,
 regional and national authorities. Climate adaptation thus requires
 cooperation, particularly in metropolitan regions. This raises issues of
 coordination, legitimacy and effectiveness of adaptation measures
 recommended in local Master Plans. The focus here is on how the 13
 municipalities in the Gothenburg Metropolitan Area--expected to be the
 part of Sweden most affected by impacts of climate change--address and act
 upon issues of climate change adaptation within the framework of Sweden's
 Planning and Building Act, which places responsibility for the "common
 interest" of climate adaptation with local governments. Analysing
 municipal Master Plans, as well as the comments on these plans from the
 regional County Administrative Board and from <italic>Göteborg Region
 Association of Local Authorities</italic>, the inter-municipal association
 charged with infrastructural planning, I identify patterns in terms of
 coordination, legitimacy and effectiveness of planning for climate change
 adaptation. Results are discussed in relation to propositions from recent
 research on planning for climate adaptation in multi-level
 contexts.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1-20 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1056774 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1056774 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Gunder 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gunder 
Title: Planning's "Failure" to Ensure Efficient Market Delivery: A Lacanian Deconstruction of this Neoliberal Scapegoating Fantasy 
Abstract:
 <italic>Our neoliberal governance model places a burden on planning to
 often take "responsibility" for the failure of market-lead governance to
 deliver its policy promises of betterment, security and future enjoyment.
 These include promised, but often-unachievable policies, such as those of
 increased global competitiveness for areas of structural economic decline;
 or housing affordability in areas of population growth and constrained
 land availability. Resultant policy failures then result in a scapegoating
 response where planning is held responsible. Examples include that
 economic development, or housing affordability, is obstructed by planning
 impediments, such as regulatory controls or process delays, which are
 claimed to hamper efficient market delivery. To deconstruct this
 neoliberal fantasy that planning often impedes policies for market-lead
 success, the article will first document exemplars of this scapegoating
 process. It will then explore the role of fantasy and ideology in
 governance policy formulation and, from a Lacanian perspective, the
 theorization that underlies this process. Then, it will investigate the
 role of the "scapegoat" for public policy facilitation so as to explain
 why planning is often placed in this role, and why this role is often
 ideologically necessary, at least for neoliberal governance, when planning
 undertaking its statutory responsibility of facilitating the public
 interest.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 21-38 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1067291 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1067291 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Krisztina Varró 
Author-X-Name-First: Krisztina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Varró 
Author-Name: László Faragó 
Author-X-Name-First: László 
Author-X-Name-Last: Faragó 
Title: The Politics of Spatial Policy and Governance in Post-1990 Hungary: The Interplay Between European and National Discourses of Space 
Abstract:
 <italic>There is now a wealth of literature discussing how regional
 development and spatial planning practices in Central Eastern Europe have
 been shaped through the alignment with EU policy frameworks. However,
 scholars have tended to study governance dynamics in terms of adaptation
 and learning, paying thus little attention to how spatial policy change is
 inherently interlinked with the political contestation of nation-state
 spaces. This paper proposes to address this lack by combining insights
 from political economic work on state spatial restructuring and discourse
 theory. From this perspective, the institutionalization of spatial
 policies is examined as a political process in which particular
 understandings of space become seen legitimate and stabilized depending on
 how well they fit existing discourses. The paper demonstrates the added
 value of this approach through a case study of spatial policy change in
 post-1990 Hungary, and argues that the approach is more generally
 applicable to examine shifts in spatial policies and to address concerns
 with the increase in uneven development at different scales.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 39-60 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1066760 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1066760 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joaquim Rius-Ulldemolins 
Author-X-Name-First: Joaquim 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rius-Ulldemolins 
Author-Name: Gil-Manuel Hernàndez I Martí 
Author-X-Name-First: Gil-Manuel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hernàndez I Martí 
Author-Name: Francisco Torres 
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Torres 
Title: Urban Development and Cultural Policy "White Elephants": Barcelona and Valencia 
Abstract:
 <italic>The importance of culture in defining new models of local
 development has been increasingly emphasized. However, less attention has
 been paid to the influence of local development models on local cultural
 policy. This article will focus on analysing two cities that have used
 culture as a central element in their economic and urban development. In
 both cases, they have followed different strategies but the two have
 finally finished generating two "white elephants": the Universal Forum of
 Cultures in the case of Barcelona and the City of Arts and Sciences in the
 case of Valencia. From a comparison of the two cases, the paper analyses
 the causes of this urban phenomenon, which combines cultural legitimation,
 wasteful investments, financial and social unsustainability and, last but
 not least, corruption. These four characteristics of cultural white
 elephants express the depletion of a neoliberal city model based on real
 estate speculation and tourism, which de facto relegates culture - in
 spite of discourses about social cohesion and sustainability - as an
 instrument of urban branding and elite socio-economic domination.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 61-75 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1075965 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1075965 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:24:y:2016:i:1:p:61-75




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Pemberton 
Author-X-Name-First: Simon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pemberton 
Author-Name: Glen Searle 
Author-X-Name-First: Glen 
Author-X-Name-Last: Searle 
Title: Statecraft, Scalecraft and Urban Planning: A Comparative Study of Birmingham, UK, and Brisbane, Australia 
Abstract:
 <italic>Recent discussions on state rescaling have pointed towards the
 need for a greater focus on how and why state activity may change over
 time in order to generate insights into the provenance, trajectories and
 outcomes of rescaling in different global regions and national state
 spaces. Consequently, this paper explores the dialectical and recursive
 relationship between the concepts of "statecraft" and "scalecraft" to
 explore the evolving sites, objects and mechanisms for urban planning
 within two key urban centres in different parts of the world--Birmingham,
 UK, and Brisbane, Australia. It is illustrated how a range of actors--from
 the national to the local level--have sought to craft and reshape the
 strategies and structures for urban planning according to different
 imperatives. In turn, the implications for a tighter specifying of the
 process of state rescaling are considered, as well as the subsequent
 nature of urban planning arrangements.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 76-95 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1078297 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1078297 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:24:y:2016:i:1:p:76-95




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pier Domenico Tortola 
Author-X-Name-First: Pier Domenico 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tortola 
Title: Europeanization in Time: Assessing the Legacy of URBAN in a Mid-size Italian City 
Abstract:
 <italic>The 2007 mainstreaming of URBAN raised important questions about
 the sustainability of its regeneration approach under the new regulatory
 regime, and particularly about the policy legacy left by this Community
 Initiative in its participating cities. Taking advantage of the recent
 conclusion of the 2007-2013 programming period, these questions are
 tackled here both theoretically and empirically. Building on the general
 model of Europeanization, the article posits a trade-off between local
 misfit with the URBAN approach and the durability of the policy change
 induced by the scheme. The argument is then illustrated through an
 in-depth study of Pescara, a mid-size Italian city that participated
 successfully in URBAN only to lose most of its policy innovations in the
 immediately subsequent programming period, when it took part in the
 country's mainstreamed funding scheme, the "Programmi integrati di
 sviluppo urbano". With hindsight, the study suggests that URBAN was set up
 to fail exactly those cities with little experience in integrated and
 participatory regeneration that it was supposed to help the most. It also
 concludes that future European Union policy-making and implementation
 should factor in the misfit/durability trade-off to maximize effectiveness
 given the Union's goals as well as its involvement expectations.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 96-115 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1062083 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1062083 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ji&#x159;í Mal&yacute; 
Author-X-Name-First: Ji&#x159;í 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mal&yacute; 
Title: Impact of Polycentric Urban Systems on Intra-regional Disparities: A Micro-regional Approach 
Abstract:
 <italic>From the normative perspective of EU regional policy, polycentric
 spatial development has been seen as an effective tool to overcome
 regional disparities since the adoption of the European Spatial
 Development Perspective. However, the impact of a polycentric spatial
 structure on equal spatial development is ambiguous and still waits for
 its clarification. This paper examines the relationship by focusing on the
 local scale, where medium-sized towns play a crucial role as local centres
 in everyday human lives. Using functional regions of the Czech Republic,
 this paper defines polycentric urban systems at the micro-regional scale.
 Subsequently, the level of mono/polycentricity is compared with
 intra-regional disparities. Based on the results of the analysis, it can
 be argued that the connection of polycentricity with balanced spatial
 development is strongly determined by selected indicators. However, the
 findings do not provide evidence about the strictly positive impact of
 polycentricity on intra-regional disparities. In a light of these results,
 the conclusion is rather sceptical about the unique role of polycentricity
 in spatial development and due to the lack of similar studies, further
 research is recommended.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 116-138 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1054792 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1054792 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emanuela Abis 
Author-X-Name-First: Emanuela 
Author-X-Name-Last: Abis 
Author-Name: Chiara Garau 
Author-X-Name-First: Chiara 
Author-X-Name-Last: Garau 
Title: An Assessment of the Effectiveness of Strategic Spatial Planning: A Study of Sardinian Municipalities 
Abstract:
 <italic>A political and technical debate about the effectiveness of
 strategic spatial planning results is ongoing. The debate has taken this
 direction, rather than focusing on the methods, procedures and
 organization of spatial planning, because it is difficult to contextualize
 the development of programmed steps within the time required for their
 implementation. This article explores the potentialities and challenges of
 this debate, focusing on its evolutionary excursus in Italy and the region
 of Sardinia. The aim of this article is to propose a qualitative
 assessment methodology, capable of comparing different spatial strategic
 plans, in order to understand the extent to which the plans' stated
 objectives were achieved, and to assess what changes the implementation of
 these objectives achieved in the external environment over the medium and
 long term.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 139-162 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1031091 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1031091 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Willem K. Korthals Altes 
Author-X-Name-First: Willem K. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Korthals Altes 
Title: Freedom of Establishment Versus Retail Planning: The European Case 
Abstract:
 <italic>Studies on retail planning in European Union (EU) Member States
 tend to be nationally oriented and, at best, compare national retail
 planning systems. They also appear to be based on an implicit assumption
 that retail planning should not be designed to fit the Single European
 Market (SEM). This paper analyses a series of judgments by the European
 Court of Justice and activities undertaken by the European Commission and
 concludes that this assumption is misguided and incorrect. The bottom line
 is that retail planning can interfere with freedom of establishment--one
 of the fundamental EU freedoms laid down in the Treaty of Rome--by
 limiting the realization of new shopping outlets and by redirecting retail
 to preselected locations. Such restrictions may be allowable if the Member
 State in question is able to demonstrate that they are non-discriminatory,
 appropriate and proportional on the basis of the interpretations of these
 fundamental principles in European Law. There is a European Retail Action
 Plan which aims to organize national retail planning systems in such a way
 that they are compatible with the principles of the SEM.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 163-180 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1029441 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1029441 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pablo Elinbaum 
Author-X-Name-First: Pablo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Elinbaum 
Author-Name: Daniel Galland 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Galland 
Title: Analysing Contemporary Metropolitan Spatial Plans in Europe Through Their Institutional Context, Instrumental Content and Planning Process 
Abstract:
 <italic>This article sets out to propose and apply a qualitative framework
 for thinking about how to analyse and compare metropolitan spatial plans
 in a milieu of divergent spatial planning traditions and discretionary
 planning practices. In doing so, the article reviews and develops an
 understanding concerning the institutional context, instrumental content
 and planning processes associated with four contemporary metropolitan
 spatial plans in Europe, namely those of London, Copenhagen, Paris and
 Barcelona. Through the results of a multiple case study and a subsequent
 cross-comparative analysis, the article stresses that contemporary
 metropolitan spatial plans tend to merge the characteristics associated
 with project-based and strategy-based spatial plans, thus contrasting with
 the typical land-use character of municipal plans and the often strategic,
 growth-oriented pursuit of regional plans in Europe. In this sense, the
 metropolitan scale is treated less explicitly as a planning scale per se;
 rather, it tends to emerge as a "concealed" scale between municipal and
 regional scales and also between local and regional knowledge in planning.
 Moreover, the analysis suggests that while metropolitan plans seem to
 converge in terms of their general themes, they cannot be ultimately
 "typified" in view of ad hoc variations related to their institutional
 contexts, instrumental contents and planning processes.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 181-206 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1036843 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1036843 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:24:y:2016:i:1:p:181-206




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fernando Rubiera Morollón 
Author-X-Name-First: Fernando 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rubiera Morollón 
Author-Name: Victor M. González Marroquin 
Author-X-Name-First: Victor M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: González Marroquin 
Author-Name: José Luis Pérez Rivero 
Author-X-Name-First: José Luis 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pérez Rivero 
Title: Urban sprawl in Spain: differences among cities and causes 
Abstract:
 <italic>Urban sprawl has a major impact on the environment, public health
 and the socio-economic evolution of cities. The causes are numerous, being
 mainly related to the generalized use of the automobile in modern cities.
 Urban sprawl has been especially relevant in US cities since the 1950s,
 rapidly spreading to other cities in the rest of the world. This paper
 studies the case of Spain using recent data. Spanish cities have grown
 rapidly over the 90s and 2000s. The country has completed the process of
 urbanization and has suffered the effects of a major real estate bubble.
 In this context, we are interested in measuring and explaining where and
 why urban sprawl has appeared in Spanish cities. Digital mapping carried
 out around the year 2000 providing full coverage of Spain is used to
 calculate an Urban Sprawl Index. It is applied to all urban areas and
 municipalities throughout the country, providing an objective, comparable
 measurement of sprawl and identifying which areas are most affected by
 this phenomenon. A second stage of analysis is conducted in an attempt to
 explain the causes of the differences in sprawl among Spanish cities with
 a regression model based on the literature. We have found that the cases
 most affected by sprawl are the latest urban developments on the
 Mediterranean coast as well as certain areas in the vicinity of large
 cities: the mountains to the north of Madrid and the coastline near
 Barcelona and Valencia. In some cases, urban sprawl is starting to become
 a&nbsp;problem for the environment and urban sustainability, with
 important consequences for the future evolution of the affected
 cities.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 207-226 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1080230 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1080230 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shahamak Rezaei 
Author-X-Name-First: Shahamak 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rezaei 
Title: The International Handbook on Gender, Migration and Transnationalism: Global and Development Perspectives 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 227-229 
Issue: 1 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 1 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1070541 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1070541 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:24:y:2016:i:1:p:227-229




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Agatino Rizzo 
Author-X-Name-First: Agatino 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rizzo 
Title: Declining, transition and slow rural territories in southern Italy Characterizing the intra-rural divides 
Abstract:
 As metropolitan areas around the world keep expanding, behind them, rural
 areas continue to be affected by greater rates of depopulation. This is
 not a new phenomenon: rural to urban migration has been reported in the
 developed world at least from the period between the two world wars.
 However, recent rural depopulation trends have dramatically intensified in
 both the developed and the developing countries worldwide. In planning
 literature, greater emphasis is placed on the &#x201c;urban--rural&#x201d;
 divide, that is, people leaving the countryside to look for better
 opportunities in urban areas. However, a growing body of literature points
 to the fact that not all rural areas are declining at the same rate.
 Indeed, some rural towns have managed to retain population and even to
 grow. Therefore, at least in developed countries, an
 &#x201c;intra-rural&#x201d;&#xa0;divide notion is emerging. To exemplify
 this notion, we have studied rural towns in Southern Italy.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 231-253 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1079588 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1079588 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ignazio Cabras 
Author-X-Name-First: Ignazio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cabras 
Author-Name: Matthew Mount 
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mount 
Title: Economic Development, Entrepreneurial Embeddedness and Resilience: The Case of Pubs in Rural Ireland 
Abstract:
 <italic>Public houses, or &#x201c;pubs&#x201d;, have and always had an
 important role in the Irish culture, economy and society. Even more, pubs
 located in the Irish countryside represent vital networking places for
 local communities, and provide a significant contribution to local supply
 chains with their purchasing. Their decline in number, registered in
 recent decades, significantly affects local communities, determining the
 vanishing of many jobs and business opportunities in areas frequently
 characterized by small population catchments, infrastructural deficit and
 spatial remoteness. This paper explores the impact of pubs in creating
 economic development in rural areas of Ireland. The paper examines the
 current pattern of procurement and employment associated with pubs in the
 Irish countryside and its effects upon local supply chains. In addition,
 the paper investigates pubs' activities and publicans influence with
 regard to concepts such as entrepreneurial embeddedness and resilience.
 The authors present and discuss findings from an analysis conducted on a
 unique data set obtained with the use of a survey questionnaire,
 corroborated by information gathered from interviews with pub owners and
 managers. Results increase the level of knowledge about the formation of
 social networks and economic capital in rural Ireland, and provide
 valuable insights for practitioners and policy-makers about the role
 played by pubs within rural supply chains.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 254-276 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1074163 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1074163 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arthur Parkinson 
Author-X-Name-First: Arthur 
Author-X-Name-Last: Parkinson 
Author-Name: Mark Scott 
Author-X-Name-First: Mark 
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott 
Author-Name: Declan Redmond 
Author-X-Name-First: Declan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Redmond 
Title: Defining &#x201c;Official&#x201d; Built Heritage Discourses within the Irish Planning Framework: Insights from Conservation Planning as Social Practice 
Abstract:
 <italic>Conservation of built heritage is a key planning process and goal
 which shapes urban development outcomes across European cities. In
 Ireland, conservation of the built heritage is a key part of the planning
 framework, albeit one that is, in comparative terms, only recently
 established. While it is widely recognized that the underlying rationale
 for conservation of built heritage varies considerably (from cultural
 priorities to place marketing), the literature suggests that heritage and
 conservation professionals perform a key role in controlling
 decision-making through an official or &#x201c;authorized&#x201d; heritage
 discourse&#xa0;(AHD), emphasizing expert values and knowledge and based
 around selective heritage storylines often reflecting elite tastes.
 Drawing on policy and practice in Ireland, in this paper, we contribute to
 these debates by further unpacking the AHD, exploring tensions within the
 heritage policy elite through examination of competing views and
 representations relating to the purpose of built heritage protection.
 Based on a discourse analysis following interviews with key national
 actors, we identify two key narratives&#x2014;a
 &#x201c;museum-curatorial&#x201d; discourse and an &#x201c;inclusive
 heritage&#x201d; discourse&#x2014;which in turn frame conservation
 practices. We argue that subtle variations of heritage meanings have the
 potential to either reproduce (museum-curatorial discourse) or challenge
 (inclusive heritage discourse) conventional modes of practice,
 particularly relating to the relationship between built heritage and
 identity and the role of public engagement.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 277-296 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1077782 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1077782 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan Hartman 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hartman 
Author-Name: Constanza Parra 
Author-X-Name-First: Constanza 
Author-X-Name-Last: Parra 
Author-Name: Gert de Roo 
Author-X-Name-First: Gert 
Author-X-Name-Last: de Roo 
Title: Stimulating spatial quality? Unpacking the approach of the province of Friesland, the Netherlands 
Abstract:
 The article introduces the concepts of robustness and flexibility into the
 discussion on spatial quality to unpack the approach adopted by the Dutch
 province of Friesland in pursuit of their ambition to stimulate spatial
 quality. The analysis of how robustness and flexibility are manifested in
 Friesland, respectively the capacity to counteract negative impacts on
 spatial quality and the capacity to progress to more enhanced forms of
 spatial quality, reveals a multi-component, dynamic and selective
 approach. Multi-component refers to the combination of regulations, the
 building of purposeful organizations and teams and deliberate actions to
 influence spatial development projects and plans. It is dynamic because
 the approach is adapted to the dynamics of the multilevel governance
 system wherein the province and its actions are embedded. It is selective
 because spatial quality is reduced to a limited set of factors,
 decision-making is done by a selected set of actors and some measures tend
 to address a limited set of themes. The findings suggest that stimulating
 spatial quality strongly depends on how spatial quality is conceptualized
 and formalized in the arena of politics and planning, negotiated in
 multilevel decision-making processes alongside decisions on whether to
 make resources available for this purpose.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 297-315 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1080229 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1080229 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:24:y:2016:i:2:p:297-315




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Krzysztofik 
Author-X-Name-First: Robert 
Author-X-Name-Last: Krzysztofik 
Author-Name: Mirek Dymitrow 
Author-X-Name-First: Mirek 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dymitrow 
Author-Name: Iwona Kantor-Pietraga 
Author-X-Name-First: Iwona 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kantor-Pietraga 
Author-Name: Tomasz Sp&#xf3;rna 
Author-X-Name-First: Tomasz 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sp&#xf3;rna 
Title: The Concept of Urban Hibernation 
Abstract:
 <italic>Today, as a result of fast-paced societal transformations, many
 small towns face severe developmental challenges and an uncertain future.
 Departing from the broader theory of developmental disequilibrium, we
 launch the concept of urban hibernation to explain the process of periodic
 small-town regress. The concept&#x2014;along with its key stages and
 turning points&#x2014;is presented to the background of urbanization
 processes encountered in Poland. At the same time, the focus on small
 towns offers an alternative and more context-sensitive explication to
 eclectic development models inherent to larger cities. As such, we argue
 that the concept of urban hibernation is apt to serve as a more precise
 research and planning tool in the context of small towns, and particularly
 in the critical moments of rise and recession. By applying a historical
 perspective, we address the importance of proper identification of the
 various and ever-changing city-forming factors, including their role for
 spatial planning at different scales. Urban hibernation should thus be
 considered as an intrinsic part of the geographic environment, which, due
 to the volatility of its socio-economic components, transcends the
 traditional rural--urban divide. Our conceptual contribution may thus
 serve as a background for a fuller understanding of the variability and
 dynamics of intra-urban structures.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 316-343 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1078296 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1078296 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Terje Skjeggedal 
Author-X-Name-First: Terje 
Author-X-Name-Last: Skjeggedal 
Author-Name: Kjell Overv&#xe5;g 
Author-X-Name-First: Kjell 
Author-X-Name-Last: Overv&#xe5;g 
Author-Name: jan &#xe5;ge Riseth 
Author-X-Name-First: jan &#xe5;ge 
Author-X-Name-Last: Riseth 
Title: Land-Use Planning in Norwegian Mountain Areas: Local Development or Nature Protection? 
Abstract:
 <italic>This article discusses how land-use planning and management can
 combine the aim of local development with the protection of mountain
 areas. The basis for this double approach comprises protected areas and
 the land-use element of the Municipal Master Plan according to the Nature
 Diversity Act and the Planning and Building Act (PBA), respectively. Case
 studies performed in six mountain municipalities show that the planning
 processes in general are performed by a combination of rationalistic and
 communicative rationality based on consensus and with little awareness of
 power structures. Today's two-part system is dominated by the interests
 backing protection, not only in the protected areas, but also in the
 buffer-zones. Though the conflicts are rather few, they nevertheless often
 seem deep-set and rooted in national--local power relations. We argue that
 a more agonistic and decentralized approach where the protection-area
 management is transferred to the PBA will, to a larger extent, be able to
 combine both use and protection and to stimulate local development in
 mountain municipalities.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 344-363 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1048187 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1048187 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:24:y:2016:i:2:p:344-363




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Antti Pelkonen 
Author-X-Name-First: Antti 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pelkonen 
Author-Name: Mika Nieminen 
Author-X-Name-First: Mika 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nieminen 
Title: How Beneficial is a Knowledge-based Development Strategy for Peripheral Regions? A Case Study 
Abstract:
 <italic>This paper aims to contribute to the debate on the success factors
 of peripheral regions in the knowledge economy. It explores the viability
 of the knowledge-based development model for peripheral regions by
 examining the experiences of a follower region in Finland. The empirical
 case is Sein&#xe4;joki region in Western Finland which adopted a
 determined knowledge, research and innovation-driven development strategy
 in the 1980s. The article analyses the evolution of this strategy and
 assesses the progress and results that have been achieved until 2012. The
 results show that the strategy has improved the preconditions and
 structures for innovation, but there have been difficulties in turning
 these into real innovation outcomes. Peripheral regions may benefit from a
 knowledge-based development strategy but the development is slow and only
 takes place through building base capacity in the region.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 364-386 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1047740 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1047740 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:24:y:2016:i:2:p:364-386




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pieter Van den Broeck 
Author-X-Name-First: Pieter 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van den Broeck 
Author-Name: Kristine Verachtert 
Author-X-Name-First: Kristine 
Author-X-Name-Last: Verachtert 
Title: Whose Permits? The Tenacity of Permissive Development Control in Flanders 
Abstract:
 <italic>This paper explains how a permissive planning permit system is
 embedded in Belgian/Flemish society and how this contributes to urban
 sprawl. We base our analysis on an institutionalist approach as developed
 in previous and current research and analyse the Flemish planning permit
 system since 1962 as one of different interacting planning systems, all
 (re)produced, maintained, transformed and struggled over by specific
 individual and collective actors and shaped by a range of institutional
 dynamics. The analysis shows how in the dynamics of the Flemish planning
 permit system, a general struggle between actors defending property-based
 private initiative and actors arguing for collective action in space is
 especially apparent. In this struggle, property ownership expressed
 through a permissive planning permit system and limited enforcement of
 regulations is seen to be predominant, especially in the 1960s, 1980s and
 2000s. Changes in the 1990s, making the planning permit system more
 strict, have partly and momentarily challenged the institutional frame
 which structures the predominant planning permit practice, but left the
 logic of individual property largely untouched. Today, the Flemish
 planning permit system has again been reoriented towards the protection of
 private property, which hampers the capacity of government to implement a
 coherent spatial policy.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 387-406 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1045838 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1045838 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:24:y:2016:i:2:p:387-406




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Abid Mehmood 
Author-X-Name-First: Abid 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mehmood 
Title: Of resilient places: planning for urban resilience 
Abstract:
 This paper argues that resilience of a place cannot necessarily be
 associated only with the level of its vulnerability to the environment or
 security. A place-based perspective to resilience helps understand the
 capacity of communities to withstand or adapt with change. Resilience of a
 place does not only refer to contingencies&#x2014;such as formulating
 immediate responses to crisis situations or incidents such as earthquakes,
 floods or other disasters in vulnerable areas&#x2014;but also considers
 long-term mitigation and adaptation strategies to face social, economic
 and environmental challenges. To this purpose, the paper applies an
 evolutionary resilience framework to the case of Transition towns in the
 UK as resilient places in terms of their capacity for learning,
 robustness, ability to innovate and adaptability to change. In conclusion,
 socially innovative actions and initiatives are found to be a primary
 source of resilience through bottom-up creativity among communities and
 stakeholders to help improve social relations, support socio-political
 empowerment and fulfil the basic needs of the people.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 407-419 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1082980 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1082980 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:24:y:2016:i:2:p:407-419




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chandrima Mukhopadhyay 
Author-X-Name-First: Chandrima 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mukhopadhyay 
Title: Megaregions: Globalization's New Urban Form? 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 420-422 
Issue: 2 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 2 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1087178 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1087178 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:24:y:2016:i:2:p:420-422




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J&#xe9;r&#xf4;me Stuck 
Author-X-Name-First: J&#xe9;r&#xf4;me 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stuck 
Author-Name: Tom Broekel 
Author-X-Name-First: Tom 
Author-X-Name-Last: Broekel 
Author-Name: Javier Revilla Diez 
Author-X-Name-First: Javier 
Author-X-Name-Last: Revilla Diez 
Title: Network Structures in Regional Innovation Systems 
Abstract:
 <italic>While interactive learning and inter-organizational relations are
 the fundamental building blocks in regional innovation system (RIS)
 theory, the framework is rarely related to investigations of regional
 knowledge network structures, because in RIS literature relational
 structures and interaction networks are discussed in a rather fuzzy and
 generic manner, with the &#x201c;network term&#x201d; often being used
 rather metaphorically. This paper contributes to the literature by
 discussing theoretical arguments about interactions and knowledge exchange
 relations in the RIS literature from the perspective of social network
 analysis. More precise, it links network-theoretical concepts and insights
 to the well-known classification of RIS types by Cooke [(2004)
 Introduction: Regional innovation systems -- an evolutionary approach, in:
 P. Cooke, M. Heidenreich & H.-J. Braczyk (Eds)</italic> Regional
 Innovation Systems: The Role of Governances in a Globalized World,
 <italic>2nd ed., pp. 1--18 (London: UCL Press)]. We thereby exemplarily
 show how the RIS literature and the literature on regional knowledge
 networks can benefit from considering insights of the respective
 other.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 423-442 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1074984 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1074984 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Declan Curran 
Author-X-Name-First: Declan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Curran 
Author-Name: Chris van Egeraat 
Author-X-Name-First: Chris 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Egeraat 
Author-Name: Colm O'Gorman 
Author-X-Name-First: Colm 
Author-X-Name-Last: O'Gorman 
Title: Inherited competence and spin-off performance 
Abstract:
 <italic>In this paper we extend the hereditary theory of spin-off
 formation, developed by Klepper, by relating the concept of inherited
 competence to two different types of spin-offs&#x2014;university and
 private sector spin-offs&#x2014;and two different types of inherited
 competence&#x2014;R&D competence and innovation competence. We then
 utilize this extension of Klepper's framework to study the evolution of a
 science-based industry&#x2014;the biotech industry. Using the Irish
 biotech industry as a case-study, we find that differences in pre-entry
 experience manifest themselves most markedly in terms of the firm's
 capacity to attract venture capital, with private sector spin-offs
 considerably outperforming university spin-offs. We argue that the
 superior performance of the private sector spin-offs is explained by the
 nature of their inherited competence in that they are characterized by
 higher levels of innovation competence.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 443-462 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1101055 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1101055 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: R&#xfc;diger Wink 
Author-X-Name-First: R&#xfc;diger 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wink 
Author-Name: Laura Kirchner 
Author-X-Name-First: Laura 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kirchner 
Author-Name: Florian Koch 
Author-X-Name-First: Florian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Koch 
Author-Name: Daniel Speda 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Speda 
Title: There are Many Roads to Reindustrialization and Resilience: Place-based Approaches in Three German Urban Regions 
Abstract:
 <italic>Reindustrialization has become a major political objective in the
 European Union. This paper provides three urban case studies on
 reindustrialization pathways and experiences during the global economic
 crisis to reveal the specificities of place-based approaches on the local
 level despite common policies on EU, federal and state levels. Moreover,
 the evolutionary perspective on reindustrialization and economic
 resilience shows the importance of adaptive capabilities on the local
 level, although the sources for these capabilities differ according to
 context- and place-specific structures.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 463-488 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1046370 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1046370 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:24:y:2016:i:3:p:463-488




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Helin&#xe4; Melkas 
Author-X-Name-First: Helin&#xe4; 
Author-X-Name-Last: Melkas 
Author-Name: Tuomo Uotila 
Author-X-Name-First: Tuomo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Uotila 
Author-Name: Tomi Tura 
Author-X-Name-First: Tomi 
Author-X-Name-Last: Tura 
Title: Policies of related variety in practice: the case Innovation Session Method 
Abstract:
 <italic>The article describes the foundations of related-variety policies
 in practice, delineating the roles that related variety and fruitful
 distances may play in innovation policy. The main focus is on methods of
 managing related variety. Three types of regional collaboration and
 renewal processes are identified. By presenting empirical research on the
 Innovation Session Method developed in the Lahti region of Finland, the
 article provides insights into the practical implementation of innovation
 policy based on related variety. This study finds that Innovation Sessions
 appear to function quite well in the related-variety context, serving as a
 practical implementation of innovation policy that is in transition. The
 role of an optimal combination of distances is highlighted. This study
 contributes to the development of effective methods for innovation
 policy.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 489-510 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1088515 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1088515 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ana Paula Lisboa Sohn 
Author-X-Name-First: Ana Paula Lisboa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sohn 
Author-Name: Filipa Dion&#xed;sio Vieira 
Author-X-Name-First: Filipa Dion&#xed;sio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Vieira 
Author-Name: Nelson Casarotto Filho 
Author-X-Name-First: Nelson Casarotto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Filho 
Author-Name: Idaulo Jos&#xe9; Cunha 
Author-X-Name-First: Idaulo Jos&#xe9; 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cunha 
Author-Name: Paula Regina Zarelli 
Author-X-Name-First: Paula Regina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zarelli 
Title: Knowledge Transmission in Industrial Clusters: Evidence from EuroClusTex 
Abstract:
 <italic>Covering the knowledge economy scenario, this article attempts to
 illustrate the analysis of the employment of knowledge transmission
 channels in the EuroClusTex, cross-border textile and clothing cluster
 between northern Portugal and Galicia. Therefore, an exploratory research
 was conducted. Primary data were obtained through participation in events,
 from interviews with key informants (entrepreneurs, leaders of cluster
 support institutions and government representatives). The secondary data
 were provided by the cluster support institutions, international
 organizations and the literature review. The results showed that
 EuroClusTex contributes to the competitiveness of regions, boosting trade
 relations between Galicia and northern Portugal. The most effective
 knowledge transmission channels in EuroClusTex were identified as:
 imitation, relationship with suppliers, public policy and human resources
 training. Experiences similar to EuroClusTex can be considered and served
 as examples for the development of clustering policies in other
 countries.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 511-529 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1053845 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1053845 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicola Francesco Dotti 
Author-X-Name-First: Nicola Francesco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dotti 
Title: Unwritten Factors Affecting Structural Funds: The Influence of Regional Political Behaviours on the Implementation of EU Cohesion Policy 
Abstract:
 <italic>While EU regional policy has the ambitious objective of supporting
 lagging regions and promoting inter-regional convergence, its impact is
 dependent on the ability of regional policymakers to secure and use EU
 funding to meet the region's needs. This paper aims to show under which
 conditions politics has a defining influence on the distribution,
 allocation and utilization of structural funds (SF), specifically in
 Objective 1 regions. The empirical analysis focuses on the 2000--2006
 programming cycle in France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK. The results
 show that regions politically aligned with national governing coalitions
 tend to perform better in terms of received SF support and enjoy more
 flexibility in implementing SF. However, the influence of regional
 political behaviours on economic performances is very limited. The
 findings confirm the importance of politics in influencing SF
 implementation, but its limited influence on economic outcomes.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 530-550 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1047328 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1047328 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:24:y:2016:i:3:p:530-550




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Declan Curran 
Author-X-Name-First: Declan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Curran 
Author-Name: Theo Lynn 
Author-X-Name-First: Theo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lynn 
Author-Name: Colm O'Gorman 
Author-X-Name-First: Colm 
Author-X-Name-Last: O'Gorman 
Title: The Role of Personal Factors in the Location Decision of Software Services Start-up Firms 
Abstract:
 <italic>This paper explores the factors which influence the business
 location decisions of start-ups, focusing in particular on the role of
 personal factors. Established explanations of industry location emphasize
 proximity to firms in the same or related industries and proximity to a
 wider set of business services, though recent research suggests that
 personal factors may play an important role in explanations of industry
 location&#x2014;particularly in technology-enabled sectors. A survey of 97
 new firms, founded between 2008 and 2012, in the Irish software services
 sector, shows that the business location decision is influenced by the
 personal motivation of entrepreneurs to attain a desired quality of life,
 and that this outweighs economic factors such as proximity to firms within
 the same or related industries, proximity to a broader set of supporting
 business services, infrastructure or the availability of government
 support schemes. Personal factors are particularly important to firms
 located outside the Dublin metropolitan area and to home-based businesses.
 This has important policy implications for national and regional
 governments seeking to encourage entrepreneurship in technology-enabled
 service sectors.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 551-567 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1046369 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1046369 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luciana Lazzeretti 
Author-X-Name-First: Luciana 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lazzeretti 
Author-Name: Francesco Capone 
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Capone 
Author-Name: I. Erdem Se&#xe7;ilmi&#x15f; 
Author-X-Name-First: I. Erdem 
Author-X-Name-Last: Se&#xe7;ilmi&#x15f; 
Title: In search of a Mediterranean creativity. Cultural and creative industries in Italy, Spain and Turkey 
Abstract:
 <italic>The Mediterranean region has been increasingly receiving attention
 in recent years. This is due to the heterogeneity of the countries
 composing it, which raises several problems in business collaborations,
 but also unfolds several cross-national economic opportunities among
 Mediterranean countries. The analysis of cultural and creative industries
 can be useful to show that this area has many similarities, making
 intercultural exchange and cross-national economic development possible.
 This research starts from the comparison of three main Mediterranean
 countries situated both in Europe and outside, Italy, Spain and Turkey,
 and aims at highlighting the most striking similarities and differences of
 their features. The creativity specialization found in this region is
 alike, which allows us to begin to discuss the idea of a Mediterranean
 creativity.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 568-588 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1082979 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1082979 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elena Zukauskaite 
Author-X-Name-First: Elena 
Author-X-Name-Last: Zukauskaite 
Author-Name: Jerker Moodysson 
Author-X-Name-First: Jerker 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moodysson 
Title: Multiple paths of development: knowledge bases and institutional characteristics of the Swedish food sector 
Abstract:
 <italic>The aim of this paper is to explore the relation between the
 critical knowledge base of firms and how firms respond to incentives
 embedded in the institutional framework surrounding them. The analysis
 gives us a better understanding of the complex development of the food
 sector in Southern Sweden in the past decades. Theoretically, the paper
 combines concepts of path dependency and knowledge bases, and applies this
 framework to a set of development trajectories of firms in the Scanian
 food sector. Three development paths are identified&#x2014;path extension,
 path renewal and new path creation. Findings illustrate that these are
 rooted in different knowledge base combinations of firms, which make them
 respond differently to similar place- and sector-specific institutional
 conditions.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 589-606 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1092502 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1092502 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:24:y:2016:i:3:p:589-606




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zs&#xf3;fia Benedek 
Author-X-Name-First: Zs&#xf3;fia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Benedek 
Author-Name: B&#xe1;lint Bal&#xe1;zs 
Author-X-Name-First: B&#xe1;lint 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bal&#xe1;zs 
Title: Current status and future prospect of local food production in Hungary: a spatial analysis 
Abstract:
 <italic>There is an increasing interest in Hungary to relocalize food.
 Spatial patterns and development potential of local food systems (LFSs)
 are analysed in this paper to help spatial planning practices. A composite
 Policy Intervention for Food Relocalization Index (PIFRI) is introduced to
 quantitatively reveal how rural development programme measures should be
 allocated efficiently to promote local food production. PIFRI points out
 lagging areas and hidden dimensions of development that need further
 support, and thus helps setting desirable and realistic policy goals.
 Besides socio-economic processes, biophysical limitations (availability of
 agricultural areas) are also accounted for. Results show that LFS
 development is at an early stage in Hungary. The present level of local
 food activity and future prospects mismatch. Eastern Hungary has the
 highest potential for further development as it has relatively widespread
 and intensive local food production activity. The few small-scale farmers
 operating in the Budapest area have been already engaged in short food
 supply chains to enjoy various benefits (and higher profit). Results imply
 a complex mix of several underlying causes behind the experienced
 patterns.</italic>
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 607-624 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1096325 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1096325 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katrin B. Anacker 
Author-X-Name-First: Katrin B. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Anacker 
Title: Making Suburbia: New Histories of Everyday America 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 625-627 
Issue: 3 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 3 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1086072 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1086072 
File-Format: text/html
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:24:y:2016:i:3:p:625-627




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Karyn Morrissey 
Author-X-Name-First: Karyn 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morrissey 
Author-Name: Valerie Cummins 
Author-X-Name-First: Valerie 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cummins 
Title: Measuring relatedness in a multisectoral cluster: an input--output approach 
Abstract:
 Studies in evolutionary economic geography have found that knowledge
 spillovers, crucial for the development and maintenance of clusters, tend
 to flow between sectors that are related via similar inputs and/or
 outputs. Thus, there is a growing body of literature stating that
 industrial variety within clusters is beneficial for economic growth,
 whereby local industrial diversity sparks creativity, new ideas and
 innovations. Within this context, the Irish Maritime and Energy Resource
 Cluster (IMERC) is a diverse, multisectoral cluster. Using an
 Input--Output table this paper examines the intra-cluster linkages, as
 well as the relatedness in terms of inputs and outputs across the four
 IMERC pillars: Marine Energy; Shipping, Logistics and Transport; Maritime
 Safety and Security; and Yachting Products and Services. This analysis
 found that although IMERC has weak intra-cluster linkages, the four
 pillars share a high number of related inputs and outputs. Based on this
 analysis, IMERC has the potential to develop into a strong maritime
 cluster.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 629-644 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1127898 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1127898 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Riccardo Crescenzi 
Author-X-Name-First: Riccardo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Crescenzi 
Author-Name: Carlo Pietrobelli 
Author-X-Name-First: Carlo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pietrobelli 
Author-Name: Roberta Rabellotti 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rabellotti 
Title: Regional strategic assets and the location strategies of emerging countries&#x2019; multinationals in Europe<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN0000"/>  
Abstract:
 This paper explores the location strategies of multinational enterprises
 (MNEs) from emerging countries (EMNEs) in search for regional strategic
 assets. The analysis is based on a systematic comparison between EMNEs and
 multinationals from advanced countries (AMNEs) in order to unveil
 similarities and differences between these two major sources of foreign
 investment into the regions of the European Union. The empirical results
 suggest that EMNEs follow a distinctive logic in their location
 strategies. They are attracted by the availability of technological
 competences only when their subsidiaries pursue more sophisticated and
 technology-intensive activities. Conversely, EMNEs share some behavioural
 similarities with AMNEs in their response to the spatial agglomeration of
 investments.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 645-667 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1129395 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1129395 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:24:y:2016:i:4:p:645-667




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roberta Capello 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Capello 
Title: What makes Southern Italy still lagging behind? A diachronic perspective of theories and approaches<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN0000"/> 
Abstract:
 Since the unification of the country in 1861, Italy has faced a large
 North--South divide, which persists despite the huge efforts made to
 determine the reasons for its existence. This paper has the aim of
 building a unified, coherent and logically structured theoretical review
 of theories and approaches that have dealt with the backwardness of the
 South of Italy. It further assesses the extent these are able to highlight
 the reasons for the emergence of a particular interpretation, the reasons
 for its failure once applied at a normative level, and for the rise of the
 subsequent theoretical interpretation. A logical storyline in the
 development of thought on the Mezzogiorno emerges on building the
 theoretical framework from a diachronic perspective, and policy lessons
 can be learnt.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 668-686 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1128402 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1128402 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marco Bellandi 
Author-X-Name-First: Marco 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bellandi 
Author-Name: Annalisa Caloffi 
Author-X-Name-First: Annalisa 
Author-X-Name-Last: Caloffi 
Title: Industrial policies in a Marshallian-based multilevel perspective 
Abstract:
 Drawing on a multilevel framework of Marshallian external economies, we
 present a perspective on the foundations of enterprise policies across
 different levels of government. In so doing, we add complexity to the
 traditional approach to industrial districts, which often disregards the
 role of supra-local policies. The argument is based on the idea that the
 main task of policy-makers is not just to provide generic public goods for
 communities of people defined by administrative boundaries, but also to
 support the provision of public goods that strengthen the competitiveness
 and innovative capacity of social and productive systems functioning at
 various territorial scales, from that of compact centres of industry to
 the nation-state and beyond. We apply this multilevel framework to the
 interpretation of the Italian enterprise policies.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 687-703 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1125856 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1125856 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alberto Francesconi 
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto 
Author-X-Name-Last: Francesconi 
Author-Name: Claudia Dossena 
Author-X-Name-First: Claudia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Dossena 
Title: Learning to design cultural districts and learning from designing them 
Abstract:
 Cultural districts are becoming an important field of study to promote a
 growing number of initiatives for local development. Despite substantial
 research in this field, knowledge gaps remain, especially with regard to
 initiatives at supra-urban level. Many policy-makers, funding agencies,
 local administrators and managers still face important design issues. This
 paper contributes to the developing body of theory on cultural districts
 in two ways. Firstly, focusing on concepts from complexity theory, it
 expands the debate on the conception of cultural districts as complex
 adaptive systems. Secondly, it highlights the dysfunctional tensions that
 can arise from conflicting ways of conceiving organizations, organizing
 and designing among &#x2018;promoters&#x2019; and designers. We have been
 involved for three years in a large project aimed at designing a wide
 supra-urban cultural district in Italy, financed by a major banking
 foundation. Adopting an organizational perspective and through
 participative action research, we develop an explorative case study. Our
 core argument is that a linear, predictable and deterministic approach to
 analysis and design presents many limitations for such complex projects,
 offering learning opportunities from the design experience.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 704-722 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1133565 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1133565 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:24:y:2016:i:4:p:704-722




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Satu Rinkinen 
Author-X-Name-First: Satu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rinkinen 
Author-Name: Tuija Oikarinen 
Author-X-Name-First: Tuija 
Author-X-Name-Last: Oikarinen 
Author-Name: Helin&#xe4; Melkas 
Author-X-Name-First: Helin&#xe4; 
Author-X-Name-Last: Melkas 
Title: Social enterprises in regional innovation systems: a review of Finnish regional strategies 
Abstract:
 The aim of modern innovation policies is to enhance the innovation
 capability of regions, their organizations and people. Regional innovation
 system (RIS) theory has been one of the most popular frameworks for
 realizing innovation policies. Yet, adopting the perspective of
 sustainable innovation policy where innovation is also seen as a solution
 to various societal and environmental problems has been slow. Social
 enterprises (SEs) are discussed here as a means to address those problems,
 particularly through collaboration between sectors and focusing on social
 sustainability. The aim of this paper is to identify whether and in what
 way SEs are communicated as an innovative solution and as a source of
 innovations for economic and development activities through regional
 strategies. The data consist of regional innovation and business
 strategies from all Finnish regions, analysed using qualitative content
 analysis. We argue that there is a need to go deeper and include effective
 support mechanisms for SEs in these documents. Better inclusion of SEs as
 part of innovation systems and communicating this through regional
 strategies would help to develop SEs and to have them perceived as
 potential innovators and active entrepreneurial actors in innovation
 systems contributing to economically, environmentally and socially
 sustainable development.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 723-741 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1108394 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1108394 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anders Waxell 
Author-X-Name-First: Anders 
Author-X-Name-Last: Waxell 
Title: Writing up the region: anchor firm dismantling and the construction of a perceived regional advantage in Swedish news media 
Abstract:
 This study investigates how geographic representations and regional
 industrial identity in news media are used to mobilize local/regional
 actors and to attract inward and outward investments by mediating and
 narrating stories of the recovery and rebirth of a region in distress --
 that is, how media contribute to economic development in or of the region.
 The study targets media attention covering the dismantling and relocation
 of two regionally embedded life science and likewise anchor firms: the
 Pharmacia and Upjohn merger in Uppsala in 1995 and the closure of
 AstraZeneca's operations in Lund in 2010. By drawing on the method of
 framing and content analysis of news articles derived from a public media
 database, the analysis show that: (a) geographic representation and
 associations are intensified in times of media turbulence; (b) news
 coverage follows two subsequent phases (an initial &#x2018;crisis&#x2019;
 phase and a following more optimistic &#x2018;recovery&#x2019; phase) and
 (c) news media (as intermediary actors and arenas) by communicating ideas
 of a shared regional industrial identity contribute to the construction of
 a &#x2018;perceived regional advantage&#x2019; (as understood and
 communicated by news media). Thus, regional industrial identity-building
 and how the region is perceived by internal and external audiences are
 important for regional development.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 742-761 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1128885 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1128885 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kan-Chung Huang 
Author-X-Name-First: Kan-Chung 
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang 
Author-Name: Tai-Shan Hu 
Author-X-Name-First: Tai-Shan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hu 
Author-Name: Jun-Yao Wang 
Author-X-Name-First: Jun-Yao 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang 
Author-Name: Kuang-Chieh Chen 
Author-X-Name-First: Kuang-Chieh 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen 
Author-Name: Hsin-Mei Lo 
Author-X-Name-First: Hsin-Mei 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lo 
Title: From fashion product industries to fashion: upgrading trends in traditional industry in Taiwan 
Abstract:
 In the 1990s, China opened its economic markets and replaced the New
 Institutional Economics (NIEs) of East Asia as the global centre for
 sourcing labour. This event changed the spatial and economic structure in
 Asia, especially in Taiwan. Based on the historical evolution of the
 textile and clothing industry in Taiwan, this study examined how
 traditional textile and apparel manufacturing was upgraded in Taipei, the
 capital of Taiwan, and in Tainan, the most historical city of Taiwan,
 under varying resource availability and under different city policies.
 While referring to both second-hand information and the literature, the
 results of interviews with fashion industry professionals were also
 considered. This study revealed that the potential to upgrade the fashion
 industry was highly associated with regional background characteristics.
 Additionally, lack of talent and the limited market for domestic brands
 create the largest bottleneck in the current fashion industry in Taiwan.
 Accordingly, the optimal solution for the fashion industry in Taiwan is to
 promote affordable Taiwanese brands and to use e-commerce. Such
 integration may enhance the position of the Taiwanese fashion industry in
 global networks.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 762-787 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1126556 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1126556 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Josef Novotn&#xfd; 
Author-X-Name-First: Josef 
Author-X-Name-Last: Novotn&#xfd; 
Author-Name: Ji&#x159;&#xed; Bla&#x17e;ek 
Author-X-Name-First: Ji&#x159;&#xed; 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bla&#x17e;ek 
Author-Name: Viktor Kv&#x11b;to&#x148; 
Author-X-Name-First: Viktor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kv&#x11b;to&#x148; 
Title: The anatomy of difference: comprehending the evolutionary dynamics of economic and spatial structure in the Austrian and Czech economies 
Abstract:
 The research on the economic convergence of Central and Eastern European
 countries towards the old EU members is voluminous, and it has an obvious
 appeal to both policy-makers and public. Unlike the traditional literature
 concerned with selected macro-patterns of the European convergence
 process, this paper presents a comparative study of two economies,
 attempting to comprehend more nuanced aspects and underlying mechanisms
 shaping their evolution. It examines the evolutionary dynamics of the
 structure and spatial organization of the Czech and Austrian economies
 since the late 1980s. Therefore, as a basis for subsequent analysis, the
 conceptual part attempts to systematize the key specific factors of the
 former command economies. The empirical results show that, despite
 significant similarities in the structure of these economies, the absolute
 and relative productivity as well as the spatial relatedness of the main
 types of industries reveal important differences between these two
 countries. These distinctions tend to be disregarded when making
 inferences about the European convergence process on the basis of
 traditional literature concerned predominantly with macro-patterns.
 Consequently, this study shows that since the collapse of socialism,
 Czechia has been reintegrated into the global economy in a different way
 from Austria, implying different evolutionary trajectories in the future.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 788-808 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 4 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1139060 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1139060 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Marek 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marek 
Author-Name: Ji&#x159;&#xed; Bla&#x17e;ek 
Author-X-Name-First: Ji&#x159;&#xed; 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bla&#x17e;ek 
Title: The challenge of breaking the academia--business firewall in Czechia: comparing the role of differentiated knowledge bases in collaborative R&D projects 
Abstract:
 Contemporary innovation processes increasingly involve a large number of
 networked actors, and cross-fertilization between knowledge institutions
 and firms has thus become a significant driver for innovation. Important
 insights into the differing nature of research and development (R&D)
 collaboration in particular sectors have been provided by research
 inspired by the knowledge-base approach embedded within innovation system
 (IS) theory. This study aims to contribute to this body of literature by
 applying the concept of differentiated knowledge bases to the former
 state-socialist countries, where the IS operates through a firewall
 between academia and industry. Data on collaborative R&D projects
 co-financed by public resources have allowed a detailed analysis of the
 nature of collaboration networks, revealing emerging patterns of
 academia--industry linkages and questioning the propositions stemming from
 the knowledge-based approach. The study concludes that collaborative
 science--industry networks show a very distinct topography when analytical
 and synthetic knowledge is compared.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 809-831 
Issue: 4 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1121204 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1121204 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pia Wassmann 
Author-X-Name-First: Pia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Wassmann 
Author-Name: Daniel Schiller 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schiller 
Author-Name: Stephan L. Thomsen 
Author-X-Name-First: Stephan L. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Thomsen 
Title: Spatial cooperation patterns and their impact on innovation outcomes: lessons from firms in a low-technology region 
Abstract:
 This paper examines cooperation patterns of firms in the German
 low-technology region of Lower Bavaria. Particular emphasis is placed on
 the interplay among the spatial scale of cooperation, the form of
 cooperation and the type of innovation. Generic results show that overall,
 firms with a spatially more diverse set of cooperation linkages have a
 higher likelihood of innovating. However, the innovation outcomes differ
 depending on the spatial scale of cooperation. While cooperation with
 regional partners positively correlates with low-threshold innovations,
 cooperation with spatially distant partners positively correlates with
 product innovations. Surprisingly, it is application-oriented cooperation
 that channels the relation in both cases. The findings support the view
 that innovation of firms in low-technology regions is driven by
 &#x2018;development&#x2019; rather than &#x2018;research&#x2019;. It also
 suggests that innovation-driven growth may even be possible in regions
 with limited values on the traditional innovation-supporting factors.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 833-864 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1140721 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1140721 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anja B. Nelle 
Author-X-Name-First: Anja B. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nelle 
Title: Tackling human capital loss in shrinking cities: urban development and secondary school improvement in Eastern Germany 
Abstract:
 Selective migration, and the loss of highly qualified employees that it
 implies, is frequently mentioned as a major problem related to urban
 shrinkage [Fol, S. (2012). Urban shrinkage and socio-spatial disparities:
 Are the remedies worse than the disease? <italic>Built
 Environment</italic>, <italic>38</italic>(2), 259--275.] However, despite
 the fact that research conducted on the issue of shrinking cities has
 increased, urban development strategies targeting human capital loss are
 rarely discussed in the literature on urban decline. This paper addresses
 this research gap. It focuses on the investment in secondary school
 infrastructure in Eastern Germany and presents the findings of an
 empirical study that observed how the issue of secondary education
 improvement was integrated into the urban development strategies of
 shrinking cities. Two case studies will be discussed in order to highlight
 initiatives for educational advancement, which directly targeted the
 problem of human capital loss. On the basis of this &#x2018;reality
 check', the paper argues that an investment in secondary education is part
 of a potentially rewarding strategy in dealing with urban shrinkage that
 may be linked to the concept of social innovation.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 865-883 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1109611 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1109611 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Igor Etxabe 
Author-X-Name-First: Igor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Etxabe 
Author-Name: Jes&#xfa;s M. Valdaliso 
Author-X-Name-First: Jes&#xfa;s M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Valdaliso 
Title: Measuring structural social capital in a cluster policy network: insights from the Basque Country 
Abstract:
 Cluster Associations (CAs) attempt to promote competitiveness through
 inter-firm collaboration, and are generally seen as drivers of social
 capital formation in the region. We map in this paper, by using Social
 Network Analysis, the cluster policy network of the Basque Country in
 2013, which may be considered a proxy of the structural dimension of
 social capital in the region. Besides, we identify the central agents of
 this network and attempt to explain the reasons for their centrality and
 the roles that they play. We take the affiliation of an organization to at
 least two CAs as a first indicator of the overall pattern of connections
 within the cluster policy network. Later on, we filter it with data about
 the Boards of Directors of CAs, and the Basque Contact Points created to
 concur with the Seventh Framework Programme for Research launched by the
 European Commission. We contend that those organizations that are present
 in these three networks form a &#x2018;small world&#x2019; that numerous
 studies have shown to be favourable for creative output, where they might
 play a dual role of gatekeepers of knowledge and innovation within and
 between clusters and drivers of bridging social capital formation in the
 Basque Country.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 884-903 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 5  
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1117582 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1117582 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kalle Emil Holst Hansen 
Author-X-Name-First: Kalle Emil Holst 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen 
Title: Local labour markets and socio-economic change: evidence from Danish towns, 2008--2013 
Abstract:
 The recent financial and economic crisis had substantial but spatially
 differentiated impacts on growth. However, there is still a lot left to be
 understood about the local aspects of the crisis. One of these aspects is
 its socio-economic consequences. This paper investigates local
 socio-economic change to Danish towns from 2008 to 2013, with a focus on
 the impact of local labour market (LLM) structures on change.
 Socio-economic change in towns is measured both directly as mean income
 and employment growth, and indirectly as population and human capital
 growth. The paper relies on micro-data and uses robust regression to
 generate results. Several findings are presented, but the two main
 conclusions are: first, the LLM structures of towns still influence local
 socio-economic development; and, second, towns experience better
 socio-economic development if they are in close proximity to a larger
 labour market and/or have a large ratio of commuters in the working
 population.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 904-925 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1142937 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1142937 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marija Drobnjakovi&#x107; 
Author-X-Name-First: Marija 
Author-X-Name-Last: Drobnjakovi&#x107; 
Author-Name: Milena Pani&#x107; 
Author-X-Name-First: Milena 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pani&#x107; 
Author-Name: &#x408;asmina &#x110;or&#x111;evi&#x107; 
Author-X-Name-First: &#x408;asmina 
Author-X-Name-Last: &#x110;or&#x111;evi&#x107; 
Title: Traditional undeveloped municipalities in Serbia as a result of regional inequality 
Abstract:
 This paper examines the issue of traditionally underdeveloped areas of
 Serbia, with special emphasis on development trends of the south,
 south-east and south-west areas of Central Serbia. The observed area is
 represented through a continuous time and space zone which includes rural,
 hilly-mountainous, border areas and the contact zone with the AP Kosovo
 and Metohija, including 22 municipalities, the majority of which belong to
 the so-called traditionally underdeveloped municipalities, that is, those
 that have had this status for a few decades. For the purpose of monitoring
 development trends, the indicators of the settlement structure,
 demographic and socio-economic characteristics and the level of
 development of the observed municipalities were used. Then, an evaluation
 and comparison to the national average were carried out. The presented
 results show a deviation and significant lagging behind of almost all
 parameters for the analysed municipalities in the period since 2002 until
 the present day, which indicates that the several-decade-long gap is still
 being intensified. A cluster analysis was performed for the typology of
 observed municipalities in order to determine the level of undevelopment
 and socio-economic marginalization.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 926-949 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1129396 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1129396 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Esther Gonz&#xe1;lez-Gonz&#xe1;lez 
Author-X-Name-First: Esther 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gonz&#xe1;lez-Gonz&#xe1;lez 
Author-Name: Soledad Nogu&#xe9;s 
Author-X-Name-First: Soledad 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nogu&#xe9;s 
Title: Regional polycentricity: an indicator framework for assessing cohesion impacts of railway infrastructures 
Abstract:
 Territorial cohesion has become one of the main objectives in transport
 planning. This has fostered the development of assessment methodologies to
 quantitatively estimate the territorial impact of major transport
 infrastructures, which are particularly scarce at the intra-regional
 level. Linked to cohesion, polycentricity has been defined as the best
 spatial configuration to achieve balanced regions where population and
 opportunities are distributed among several entities linked by functional
 relationships. This paper aims to present a methodology to estimate these
 impacts based on the use of a new regional composite polycentricity
 indicator. The proposed indicator is tested by comparing the effects of
 conventional and high-speed railway (HSR) alternatives in the territorial
 system of a northern region of Spain. This quantitative assessment is a
 ranking tool for prioritizing rail network alternatives in terms of
 achieving the most balanced territory, which is especially relevant in
 countries where HSR networks follow cohesion goals. Our results show that
 new HSR links should only be complementary to regional railway services,
 and that the suppression of secondary lines should be avoided if a
 reduction in polarization is to be achieved.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 950-973 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1142506 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1142506 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michiel van Meeteren 
Author-X-Name-First: Michiel 
Author-X-Name-Last: van Meeteren 
Author-Name: Kobe Boussauw 
Author-X-Name-First: Kobe 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boussauw 
Author-Name: Ben Derudder 
Author-X-Name-First: Ben 
Author-X-Name-Last: Derudder 
Author-Name: Frank Witlox 
Author-X-Name-First: Frank 
Author-X-Name-Last: Witlox 
Title: Flemish Diamond or ABC-Axis? The spatial structure of the Belgian metropolitan area 
Abstract:
 This contribution traces the evolution of the Belgian urban system by
 adopting a historical taxonomy of agglomeration-economy regimes, and poses
 the question whether a new centralizing agglomeration-economy regime based
 on renewed &#x2018;metropolization&#x2019; can be observed. Belgium has
 federalized into three regions during the last decades and different
 spatial perspectives emerged about how the central metropolitan area
 crosscuts the regional borders. After placing Belgian metropolization in
 its historical context, we engage with its contemporary geography. We
 inquire if the metropolitan area of Belgium is more akin to the
 &#x2018;Flemish Diamond&#x2019;, with capital city Brussels as the
 southernmost node, or whether a spatial pattern reminiscent of the
 historical &#x2018;Antwerp-Brussels-Charleroi (ABC)-Axis&#x2019; is a more
 adequate description. To answer these questions, we examine the spatial
 integration of the Belgian labour market utilizing the connectivity field
 method and a 2010 nationwide travel-to-work data set. Based on this
 analysis, inferences are drawn about labour market interdependencies
 between various parts of the urban system. The results indicate that
 contemporary metropolization in Belgium can be topographically expressed
 as an area that is more trans-regional than the Flemish Diamond yet more
 polycentric than an extension of Brussels, thus pointing to renewed
 economic centralization tendencies at the supra-regional level.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 974-995 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1139058 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1139058 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rodrigo V. Cardoso 
Author-X-Name-First: Rodrigo V. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cardoso 
Author-Name: Evert J. Meijers 
Author-X-Name-First: Evert J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Meijers 
Title: Contrasts between first-tier and second-tier cities in Europe: a functional perspective 
Abstract:
 Second-tier cities have been experiencing renewed interest within policy
 and research contexts, which is reversing a tradition of relative neglect
 due to the long-standing focus on large cities and capitals. This paper
 compares European second-tier and first-tier cities with regard to the
 presence of urban functions and how these are spread over their urban
 regions. The analysis shows the existence of a substantial &#x2018;first
 city bonus&#x2019;: a surplus of urban functions in first-tier cities
 which cannot be explained by their size or network embeddedness. We also
 show that second-tier cities are better served with urban functions in the
 absence of a dominant capital. In first-tier urban regions, the core
 municipality exploits the critical mass of the urban region to support its
 own functions, leaving that region functionally underserved. Second-tier
 cities lack this absorptive capacity, and their urban regions are endowed
 with more urban functions. These functional differences mean that
 second-tier cities demand a differentiated research and policy approach,
 in which city-regional integration becomes an important territorial
 development strategy. Rather than the dispersion process in first-tier
 cities leading to a &#x2018;regionalization of the city&#x2019;,
 integration in second-tier urban regions may be seen as a process of
 &#x2018;citification of the region&#x2019;.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 996-1015 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1120708 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1120708 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Gallardo 
Author-X-Name-First: M. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gallardo 
Author-Name: J. Mart&#xed;nez-Vega 
Author-X-Name-First: J. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Mart&#xed;nez-Vega 
Title: Three decades of land-use changes in the region of Madrid and how they relate to territorial planning 
Abstract:
 In recent decades, the region of Madrid has experienced extensive changes
 in land use-land cover (LULC). Most of these changes are related to an
 increase in developed areas (urban, industrial, commercial and transport)
 and abandonment of agricultural uses. The general guideline for regional
 management has been disregarded and the legal framework overstepped,
 allowing such changes to go ahead unchecked. Using four maps for different
 points in time, 1982, 1990, 2000 and 2006, LULC dynamics are analysed and
 the changes are related to Madrid regional policies. The IDRISI Land
 Change Modeller is used in order to quantify the changes and find out
 where they took place. The results show that developed areas doubled in
 size between 1982 and 2006. Changes were concentrated around the Madrid
 metropolis and around the main road network, with an increase in urban
 sprawl and with new, small urban patches in mountain areas of high scenic
 beauty. These fast and extensive changes were largely made possible by
 public disinterest and limitations in land and natural resource
 conservation mechanisms and in housing market regulation.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1016-1033 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1139059 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1139059 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bjarke Refslund 
Author-X-Name-First: Bjarke 
Author-X-Name-Last: Refslund 
Title: The outsourcing challenge: organizing workers across fragmented production networks 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1034-1036 
Issue: 5 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 5 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1152738 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1152738 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mehmet Penpecio&#x11f;lu 
Author-X-Name-First: Mehmet 
Author-X-Name-Last: Penpecio&#x11f;lu 
Author-Name: Tuna Ta&#x15f;an-Kok 
Author-X-Name-First: Tuna 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ta&#x15f;an-Kok 
Title: Alienated and politicized? Young planners&#x2019; confrontation with entrepreneurial and authoritarian state intervention in urban development in Turkey 
Abstract:
 Planning in Turkey is dominated by powerful market interests and
 authoritarian state regulation, resulting in a conflictual socio-political
 environment. Caught in the crossfire between interventionist urban
 policies and a planning education system that is oriented towards the
 public good, planners have come to feel alienated from their work. This
 paper considers how young planners respond to these challenges, drawing
 upon questionnaires and semi-structured in-depth interviews with planners
 with fewer than 10 years of experience. Their confrontation with
 entrepreneurial and authoritarian state interventions in urban development
 alienates them from their ideals, leading them to explore new ways of
 dealing with increasing political authority and economic neoliberalism.
 The participants of the study came up with a number of diverse responses
 related to this process. Disappointed with the practice of their
 profession &#x2018;lost planners' begin searching for alternative pathways
 outside their practice towards a more meaningful society. In contrast,
 &#x2018;profiteer planners' focus on getting more business and play a
 conformist and opportunistic role in the existing planning practice; while
 &#x2018;struggling planners' develop alternative ways to pursue the public
 good by participating in urban movements. In short, they cope with
 alienation through politicization, solidarity and the identification of
 new means of engaging with society.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1037-1055 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1135233 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1135233 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Monica Plechero 
Author-X-Name-First: Monica 
Author-X-Name-Last: Plechero 
Author-Name: Cristina Chaminade 
Author-X-Name-First: Cristina 
Author-X-Name-Last: Chaminade 
Title: Spatial distribution of innovation networks, technological competencies and degree of novelty in emerging economy firms 
Abstract:
 This paper analyses the relationship of the accumulation of technological
 competencies at the firm level, the spatial distribution of the firm's
 innovation networks and the degree of novelty of product innovation.
 Firm-based primary data collected in two innovative regions in emerging
 economies are used to predict higher degrees of novelty in emerging
 economy firms. Similarly to advanced economy firms, the results show that
 international linkages are associated with higher degrees of novelty.
 However, new-to-the-world innovation in emerging country firms is
 fundamentally externally driven, suggesting that international linkages
 seem to be a compensating mechanism for the initially lower technological
 capabilities rather than a complementary source of knowledge.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1056-1078 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1151481 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1151481 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Els Terryn 
Author-X-Name-First: Els 
Author-X-Name-Last: Terryn 
Author-Name: Luuk Boelens 
Author-X-Name-First: Luuk 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boelens 
Author-Name: Ann Pisman 
Author-X-Name-First: Ann 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pisman 
Title: Beyond the divide: evaluation in co-evolutionary spatial planning 
Abstract:
 Spatial developments are becoming increasingly a-linear and dynamic with a
 wide range of possible actors. The awareness of uncertainty is growing
 and, therefore, projects need to integrate a high level of flexibility.
 But simultaneously, there is a growing demand for more informed and
 well-argued decisions. Predictions from the &#x2018;best estimated
 model&#x2019; are no longer credible nor accepted, being too fragile and
 uncertain. How can we keep long-lasting, multi-actor projects in permanent
 transition on track? This expresses an important demand for more
 integrated evaluation in spatial planning. In this respect, this paper
 analyses existing theoretical evaluation strategies and how these
 strategies deal with spatial developments. They are still usually
 structured along static, generic and circular approaches; in fact, many
 neglect the dynamic, plural and a-linear realities. Therefore, this paper
 develops a post-structural evaluation approach for various planning issues
 and different playing fields of actors, followed by an illustration of the
 various settings for this approach in a Flemish case. Finally, we discuss
 how spatial planning and future plans might be evaluated with a
 dissipative role for evaluation.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1079-1097 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1154019 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1154019 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julia R. Kotzebue 
Author-X-Name-First: Julia R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kotzebue 
Title: The EU integrated urban development policy: managing complex processes in dynamic places 
Abstract:
 One of the European Union&#x2019;s 2014--2020 cohesion policy&#x2019;s new
 aims is to promote integrated urban development strategies that enhance
 sustainable urban development. Following the emergence of the integrated
 urban development policy, city policies in EU show a trend in that
 direction but overall changes towards a sustainable integrated urban
 development are limited. One of the major problems for planners and
 implementing actors seems to be the management of complexity, which
 originates in three sources: the policy, the planning and implementation
 processes as well as the implementation place. The paper elaborates on the
 question: what is triple complexity and how can planning and implementing
 actors of the EU integrated sustainable urban development policy manage
 it? The paper suggests the use of a place-oriented theory and proposes a
 theory-guided ex-durante (ongoing) evaluation called Place Scan. I assume
 that the method can support planners and implementing actors to manage
 complexity and to improve quality of ex-durante evaluations.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1098-1117 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1153048 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1153048 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Silvia Lombardi 
Author-X-Name-First: Silvia 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lombardi 
Author-Name: Fabio Sforzi 
Author-X-Name-First: Fabio 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sforzi 
Title: Chinese manufacturing entrepreneurship capital: evidence from Italian industrial districts 
Abstract:
 The purpose of this paper is to obtain a better understanding of the
 presence of Chinese manufacturing entrepreneurship in industrial districts
 compared to other Italian local economies. Statistical data are used to
 uncover where Chinese manufacturing entrepreneurs localize their
 businesses and to what extent this localization is an innovation within
 the geographical pattern of industrial districts. Data on Chinese
 manufacturing micro-enterprises (i.e. with less than 10 persons employed)
 started up in years 2005--2007 and 2008--2010 are cross-tabulated by
 industrial districts and other local economies to investigate their change
 over time. The empirical findings show a dominance of industrial
 districts: those located in Tuscany are on top and Prato district ranks
 first.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1118-1132 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1155538 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1155538 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sabine M&#xfc;ller 
Author-X-Name-First: Sabine 
Author-X-Name-Last: M&#xfc;ller 
Title: A progress review of entrepreneurship and regional development: What are the remaining gaps? 
Abstract:
 This study reviews the literature related to regional entrepreneurship. It
 identifies the main topical perspectives, advancements and shortcomings,
 discusses several research gaps and proposes ways forward. The literature
 review is based on 170 peer-reviewed articles in the leading journals of
 entrepreneurship and regional science. The findings reveal that major
 debates occur within the disciplines of regional economics, sociology and
 economic geography, but discussions across disciplines are scant. While
 regional economists tend to overlook the role of contextualized agency,
 and thus neglect processes that may influence entrepreneurs&#x2019; acting
 in distinctive localities, entrepreneurship scholars tend to overlook the
 role of the spatial and proximate contextual conditions in the
 entrepreneurial process. Future research should intensify its efforts on
 the interrelation between entrepreneurial agency and regional structuring
 in order to expand current understandings of which types of
 entrepreneurship prevail in different localities.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1133-1158 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1154506 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1154506 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Nones 
Author-X-Name-First: Michael 
Author-X-Name-Last: Nones 
Title: Is public participation an added value for river basin management? 
Abstract:
 The Water Framework Directive (WFD) represents one of the most advanced
 pieces of water policy developed during the last decades. Since its
 introduction in 2000, several technical and political issues arose
 regarding this Directive and its implementation, and have to be managed by
 European Member States at the national level, but in strict collaboration
 with local authorities and stakeholders. Whilst several studies have
 analysed the WFD from a technical point of view, a few are available that
 assess and compare the quality of public participation processes in river
 basin management at the European level. The present paper shows the
 outcomes of an own-developed questionnaire sent to European water and
 environmental authorities during 2015, which highlights the variable
 situation in terms of stakeholders&#x2019; involvement and methods adopted
 to interact with them, and also points out the scarce results that the
 consultation has obtained in terms of innovative measures to fulfil the
 requirements of the WFD. In light of the present situation, a better
 consideration of public consultation and associated methodologies is
 necessary for future management cycles, as well as a better coordination
 between Member States sharing river basins.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1159-1174 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1164125 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1164125 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marco te Br&#xf6;mmelstroet 
Author-X-Name-First: Marco 
Author-X-Name-Last: te Br&#xf6;mmelstroet 
Author-Name: Carey Curtis 
Author-X-Name-First: Carey 
Author-X-Name-Last: Curtis 
Author-Name: Anders Larsson 
Author-X-Name-First: Anders 
Author-X-Name-Last: Larsson 
Author-Name: Dimitris Milakis 
Author-X-Name-First: Dimitris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Milakis 
Title: Strengths and weaknesses of accessibility instruments in planning practice: technological rules based on experiential workshops 
Abstract:
 Accessibility instruments can play a valuable role in urban planning
 practice by providing a practical framework for exploring and testing
 relationships between land use and transport infrastructure. Despite many
 available accessibility instruments, they are still not widely used in
 planning practice. This paper explores the background of this problem by
 examining the findings of a EU-funded study on the usability and
 usefulness of existing accessibility instruments. The study applied 16
 instruments in local planning contexts according to a standardized process
 protocol. The outcomes of these so-called experiential workshops were
 analysed through a standardized measurement protocol, which included
 participant observation along with pre- and post-workshop practitioner
 questionnaires. This broad investigation presents a rich analytical tool
 for understanding how different types of accessibility measures, spatial
 resolutions of output and levels of comprehensiveness affect usability and
 usefulness. Based on this we propose 10 technological rules that (a) can
 be used directly in practice to improve usability of accessibility
 instruments and (b) can provide hypotheses to be examined in further
 academic studies. Our results suggest that instead of striving for the
 ultimate accessibility measure, it would be more effective to identify
 which measures could successfully serve different user needs in
 accessibility planning.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1175-1196 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1135231 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1135231 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ida Andersson 
Author-X-Name-First: Ida 
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersson 
Title: &#x2018;Green cities&#x2019; going greener? Local environmental policy-making and place branding in the &#x2018;Greenest City in Europe&#x2019; 
Abstract:
 A growing number of cities around the world have taken advantage of their
 green image of the purpose of place branding. In the research literature,
 it is suggested that these practices are motivated by place-based
 competition over financial and social capital, combined with more holistic
 motives of sustainable urban development. However, although an increasing
 number of green cities are engaged in place branding, few studies have
 researched the impact of place branding on environmental policy-making in
 a city, building up to the question: how is local environmental
 policy-making affected by green place branding? Addressing this issue,
 this paper critically investigates how the continuity of local
 environmental policy-making is affected by place-branding practices. To
 tackle this task, the paper firstly develops an analytical framework
 aiming to understand how green cities emerge and become famous based on
 their policy-making. Secondly, using that framework, this paper present an
 in-depth case study of a city branding itself as the &#x2018;Greenest City
 in Europe&#x2019;. Drawing on the growing body of work on green cities,
 this paper investigates the &#x2018;understudied&#x2019; practice of using
 policy for the purpose of place branding as well as the impact of place
 branding &#x2018;on the environment&#x2019;.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1197-1215 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1152233 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1152233 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Darja Reuschke 
Author-X-Name-First: Darja 
Author-X-Name-Last: Reuschke 
Author-Name: Donald Houston 
Author-X-Name-First: Donald 
Author-X-Name-Last: Houston 
Title: The importance of housing and neighbourhood resources for urban microbusinesses 
Abstract:
 Economic research has rarely considered the significance of the home and
 neighbourhood context of where business owners live for their business.
 Conversely, urban and neighbourhood research has overlooked how housing
 and neighbourhood shape business and entrepreneurship outcomes. This paper
 investigates the importance of housing and neighbourhood resources for
 microbusinesses using a random sample of microbusinesses in Edinburgh (UK)
 including those that are informal and home-based, and various
 characteristics of the neighbourhood in which the business owner lives
 were attached to the survey records. The data capture whether business
 owners have business premises outside their homes, and have used
 neighbourhood contacts, housing equity or space in the house for their
 business. In short, housing and neighbourhood resources are used by a
 large majority (82%) of microbusinesses. The findings challenge a number
 of common assumptions on the separation of commercial and residential
 functions, how neighbourhoods feature in the evolution of businesses, the
 nested conceptualization of home within a neighbourhood and on the nature
 of home-based businesses. It is concluded that multi-use (rather than
 mixed-use) neighbourhood planning would help foster more flexible and
 dynamic use of neighbourhoods and urban districts, although recognizing
 that this is a political issue.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1216-1235 
Issue: 6 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 6 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1168364 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1168364 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Davide Ponzini 
Author-X-Name-First: Davide 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ponzini 
Title: Introduction: crisis and renewal of contemporary urban planning 
Abstract:
 Since 2008, cities in the Western world have been under stress due to
 pressures that have been labelled as the 'crisis' and its 'consequences'.
 Despite the fact that several years have passed, international planning
 debates have not fully highlighted what we have learned from this
 challenging phase. How and to what extent have these stresses and changes
 affected planning activities and knowledge? How are current reforms of
 national and local planning systems influenced by the crisis beyond its
 discursive appearance? How can we cultivate critical approaches and how
 can we pragmatically translate critical knowledge into practice during and
 after a time of crisis? This article outlines the broad questions that
 were addressed, under different perspectives, by the authors in the theme
 issue. The article serves as an introduction by, first, briefly reviewing
 relevant positions in the planning and urban studies debates and
 explaining the relationships between urban planning and the crisis;
 second, by presenting the papers in the issue and highlighting
 planners&#x2019; roles, responsibilities and relevance in the crisis and
 in subsequent phases; and third, by calling for closer attention to the
 current signals of crisis in planning theory and practice, as well as by
 considering new responses derived from research.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1237-1245 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1168782 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1168782 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matti Siemiatycki 
Author-X-Name-First: Matti 
Author-X-Name-Last: Siemiatycki 
Author-Name: Elliot Siemiatycki 
Author-X-Name-First: Elliot 
Author-X-Name-Last: Siemiatycki 
Title: The role of the scholar in times of crisis 
Abstract:
 In its causes and consequences, the global financial crisis of 2008 was
 fundamentally an urban phenomenon. In this article, we survey the degree
 to which urban planning and other social science scholars have
 incorporated issues surrounding the global financial crisis into their
 research agendas. Through a content analysis of key journals in the fields
 of urban planning, geography, urban studies and economics, we demonstrate
 that the scholarly publication output of urban planners has largely not
 reflected the impact that the global financial crisis has had on Western
 cities. We argue that the limited response of scholars in planning and
 other proximate disciplines may be explained by a variety of factors
 including the existence of many different crises at any one time, the
 structure of academic publishing, the presence of disciplinary boundaries
 and the personal difficulties of developing new research agendas. In the
 context of a discipline particularly concerned with societal relevance and
 the interface between knowledge and action, we argue that urban planning
 scholars need to find innovative ways to provide real-time and real-world
 knowledge about urban economic, social and environmental crises.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1246-1261 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1168783 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1168783 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tore Sager 
Author-X-Name-First: Tore 
Author-X-Name-Last: Sager 
Title: Activist planning: a response to the woes of neo-liberalism? 
Abstract:
 Neo-liberalism provokes many forms of resistance, and activist planning is
 here shown to be one of them. The strong influence on planning of those
 that are able to contribute most to the economy, and those that emphasize
 material values, motivates progressive planners and planning-oriented
 social movements to take direct action to challenge the economism of urban
 plans and protect vulnerable segments of the population. The article
 offers a systematization of activist planning modes, concentrating on
 planning that is unconcealed and recognized by the government, and
 including efforts of both lay and professional planners. Particular
 attention is given to modes of activist planning that are not among the
 most familiar, such as critical-alternative initiatives, community-based
 activist planning and modes that position the planner as an intermediary
 between partisan interests. These modes are used for organizing
 alternative thinking in planning contexts where policy change is higher on
 the activists&#x2019; agenda than system change. For most of the discussed
 planning modes, a number of examples illustrate activist planning&#x2019;s
 critical relationship with neo-liberalism.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1262-1280 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1168784 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1168784 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Edwin Buitelaar 
Author-X-Name-First: Edwin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Buitelaar 
Author-Name: Arjan Bregman 
Author-X-Name-First: Arjan 
Author-X-Name-Last: Bregman 
Title: Dutch land development institutions in the face of crisis: trembling pillars in the planners&#x2019; paradise 
Abstract:
 The international planning community has long regarded Dutch planning
 culture as atypical and even exemplary. This article claims that this
 common view might need revision, because of large changes that are taking
 place in planning and development practice. The three pillars of Dutch
 planning and development culture -- integration (of land uses, actors and
 financial sources), comprehensiveness and the support of these by an
 active municipal land policy -- are trembling. The crisis of 2008 has
 shown (rather than caused) that the large scale and interconnectedness of
 land-development projects have created a &#x2018;tightly coupled
 system&#x2019; in which a shock in one part travels to other parts and
 causes the whole system to shake or even collapse. Organic forms of urban
 land development, with an open-ended plan, a greater role for smaller
 private actors and an enabling role for government, are better at allowing
 for adapting to changing circumstances. Experiments with organic
 development can be found in abundance, but whether this type of
 development will institutionalize in the long run and lead to a culture
 shift depends on the vitality of existing power structures.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1281-1294 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1168785 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1168785 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:24:y:2016:i:7:p:1281-1294




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefano Moroni 
Author-X-Name-First: Stefano 
Author-X-Name-Last: Moroni 
Title: Interventionist responsibilities for the emergence of the US housing bubble and the economic crisis: &#x2018;neoliberal deregulation&#x2019; is not the issue 
Abstract:
 Many commentators and scholars blame a lack of regulation for the present
 economic crisis. They maintain that the crisis is mainly due to the
 alleged neoliberal deregulation of the socio-economic system. This article
 considers a different possible explanation, attributing greater
 responsibility to interventionist public policies. In this perspective,
 and within a framework of general reform, the role of land and building
 regulations in particular will be critically discussed. To avoid any
 misunderstanding: the idea is not to put &#x2018;all&#x2019; the blame on
 public intervention, but to also recognize its contribution.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1295-1312 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1168786 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1168786 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:24:y:2016:i:7:p:1295-1312




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Klaus R. Kunzmann 
Author-X-Name-First: Klaus R. 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kunzmann 
Title: Crisis and urban planning? A commentary 
Abstract:
 The author argues that the global financial crisis of 2008 did not have
 any lasting effect on planners. Though the crisis has stirred much
 political attention, it is not the crisis that has caused the decline of
 planning. It is rather the mainstream neo-liberal politico-economic
 environment that is weakening planning in society. Thus, remaining
 cocooned in planning theory circles and debating about the crisis will not
 raise the influence of planners in the real world. Planners have to
 acknowledge that it is not in their hands to reduce the social disparities
 in market-led environments. Critical planners can only articulate their
 concerns about growing welfare gaps; and they can mobilize the discourse
 about disparities, equity and social responsibility. Benefiting from the
 existence and influence of social media they can raise their voice, engage
 in activist planning initiatives, and try to convince opinion leaders and
 multipliers in other policy fields. They should encourage debates within
 the planning community about future challenges to the profession in a
 market-led and re-nationalizing Europe, where national egoisms dominate
 urban and regional policies and where Europe as a common idea is
 regrettably vanishing.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1313-1318 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1168787 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1168787 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miren Estensoro 
Author-X-Name-First: Miren 
Author-X-Name-Last: Estensoro 
Author-Name: Miren Larrea 
Author-X-Name-First: Miren 
Author-X-Name-Last: Larrea 
Title: Overcoming policy making problems in smart specialization strategies: engaging subregional governments 
Abstract:
 Since the concept of Smart Specialization was launched, an effort has been
 made to clarify and establish criteria for its implementation. Part of the
 difficulties in implementing Research and Innovation Smart Specialization
 Strategies (RIS3) is their emphasis on bottom-up approaches, which are
 required because there are public and private stakeholders that are better
 positioned than governments to find the domains in which the region is
 likely to excel. Regions must shift towards a new generation of
 <italic>industrial policy</italic> and the difficulties for advancing in
 this direction are already visible. Designing and implementing a smart
 specialisation strategy at regional level: Some open questions. The
 centrality of entrepreneurial discovery in building and implementing a
 smart specialisation strategy. Efforts to implement smart specialization
 in practice -- leading unlike horses to the water. The paper is based on
 four cases related to governance and learning for smart specialization in
 the Basque Country (Spain) and presents three main lessons learnt. The
 first has to do with connections between regional and sub-regional
 governments in order to construct networks of territorial actors that can
 act as the senses of governments in the territory. The second is about the
 challenge of handling complexity and conflict and the third is about the
 integration of social researchers in RIS3 processes.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1319-1335 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1174670 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1174670 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Suzanne Van Brussel 
Author-X-Name-First: Suzanne 
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Brussel 
Author-Name: Luuk Boelens 
Author-X-Name-First: Luuk 
Author-X-Name-Last: Boelens 
Author-Name: Dirk Lauwers 
Author-X-Name-First: Dirk 
Author-X-Name-Last: Lauwers 
Title: Unravelling the Flemish Mobility Orgware: the transition towards a sustainable mobility from an actor-network perspective 
Abstract:
 Large mobility projects in Flanders end up in wicked problems. In the
 quest for efficient and sustainable mobility, the Flemish government
 becomes entangled in endless struggles between ever more involved and
 changing stake- and shareholders. The role and effectiveness of the
 government is exposed to rising challenges from inside and outside. Since
 most new projects focus on infrastructural (hardware) or (socio-)technical
 innovations in the use of mobile means (software), innovations within the
 organizational structure of mobility (&#x2018;orgware&#x2019;) have mostly
 remained untouched. We address this hiatus by approaching mobility
 projects as complex adaptive systems, comprising various, dynamic
 actor-networks. Following actor-networks through space and time is
 necessary to obtain an idea of the upcoming, and leading associations of
 various mobility actors, that are decisive for the success, failure and
 efficiency of mobility projects. To grasp these complex challenges, one
 needs to unravel the orgware and identify the potentials of the mobility
 systems regarding the travel, transport and traffic mobility arenas. We
 draw upon a combination of actor-network theory and institutional theory
 insights applied to conceptual mobility frameworks. The resulting research
 framework for the Flemish mobility orgware will be first applied to the
 Oosterweel link case in Antwerp.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1336-1356 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1169248 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1169248 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rhiannon Pugh 
Author-X-Name-First: Rhiannon 
Author-X-Name-Last: Pugh 
Author-Name: Eleanor Hamilton 
Author-X-Name-First: Eleanor 
Author-X-Name-Last: Hamilton 
Author-Name: Sarah Jack 
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah 
Author-X-Name-Last: Jack 
Author-Name: Amy Gibbons 
Author-X-Name-First: Amy 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gibbons 
Title: A step into the unknown: universities and the governance of regional economic development 
Abstract:
 As the social and economic landscape changes, universities are coming
 under growing pressure to contribute to the economic development of their
 localities. This paper explores the increasing trends towards universities
 as key actors in the governance of regional economic development through
 activities to support economic and entrepreneurship development in their
 regions. A case study is presented of an institution in the UK which is
 increasingly situating itself in the economic governance sphere. Drawing
 on the experiences of those working at the coalface of economic governance
 activities, the opportunities and potential challenges faced by a
 university when engaging in such activities are explored. The ultimate
 goal of this paper is to shed light on universities&#x2019; activities in
 the realm of regional economic governance, an area currently
 under-explored in extant literature.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1357-1373 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1173201 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1173201 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Niels Beerepoot 
Author-X-Name-First: Niels 
Author-X-Name-Last: Beerepoot 
Author-Name: Iris Roodheuvel 
Author-X-Name-First: Iris 
Author-X-Name-Last: Roodheuvel 
Title: Internationalization strategies of emerging market-based multinationals: integration of Indian ICT-ITES companies on the Dutch service outsourcing market 
Abstract:
 This paper examines the entry of Indian information and communication
 technology--information technology-enabled services (ICT-ITES) companies
 on the Dutch service outsourcing market. Using this case study, the paper
 integrates two academic debates: the rise of emerging country-based
 multinationals and the international dynamics in the ICT-ITES sector.
 Indian ICT-ITES firms can no longer only rely on cheap labour in their
 home country and need to build global delivery capacity in order
 effectively to compete with Western ICT-ITES multinationals. By examining
 their entry strategy in the Dutch service outsourcing market, this paper
 highlights the difficulties of latecomer multinationals in entering the
 more profitable domains of the ICT-ITES market.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1374-1391 
Issue: 7 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 7 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1170107 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1170107 
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:24:y:2016:i:7:p:1374-1391




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roberta Capello 
Author-X-Name-First: Roberta 
Author-X-Name-Last: Capello 
Author-Name: Henning Kroll 
Author-X-Name-First: Henning 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kroll 
Title: From theory to practice in smart specialization strategy: emerging limits and possible future trajectories 
Abstract:
 The smart specialization strategy is now a reality. With regions and
 nations having completed the technical fulfillment of the ex-ante
 conditionality and the related action plans, the first evaluation studies
 have been launched with the aim to assess the consistency of the concept,
 once moving from the design (theory) to the implementation phase
 (practice). From these first evaluation exercises, strengths and
 weaknesses emerge in the way the smart specialization strategy has been
 conceived that lead to reflections on its possible future adjustment
 trends. The paper highlights emerging bottlenecks (e.g. the lack of local
 pre-conditions in the local economy and limits of governance) as well as
 possible future trajectories to overcome such bottlenecks, like the shift
 from a compulsory to a voluntary RIS, and from an industry-focused to a
 territorial development strategies.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1393-1406 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1156058 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1156058 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip McCann 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: McCann 
Author-Name: Raquel Ortega-Argil&#xe9;s 
Author-X-Name-First: Raquel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Ortega-Argil&#xe9;s 
Title: The early experience of smart specialization implementation in EU cohesion policy 
Abstract:
 This paper discusses the early-stage experience of the smart
 specialization agenda within EU Cohesion Policy. The analysis examines the
 types of policy prioritization choices made by different member states and
 regions and seeks evidence on the extent to which weaker regions, in
 particular, might be constrained in their choices. The paper then reviews
 the evidence arising out of various surveys of policy-makers&#x2019; own
 experience and perceptions of the agenda, and concludes with a discussion
 of the major features of the policy progress so far and the main
 challenges ahead.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1407-1427 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1166177 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1166177 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dominique Foray 
Author-X-Name-First: Dominique 
Author-X-Name-Last: Foray 
Title: On the policy space of smart specialization strategies 
Abstract:
 This paper is about &#x2018;smart specialization strategies&#x2019; as an
 innovation (or industrial) policy approach. Being a sector non-neutral
 policy, while promoting a bottom-up principle of entrepreneurial
 initiative and dynamics, &#x2018;smart specialization strategies&#x2019;
 occupy a particular place in the innovation policy space. This place is
 naturally not only filled with &#x2018;smart specialization
 strategies&#x2019;, but also several other approaches in development
 policy and industrial policy share similar goals and logics. In the paper
 we will build the innovation policy space, emphasize two important
 bifurcations within it and explain why various policy approaches are
 located in the same subspace and what makes them rather similar in terms
 of governance principles.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1428-1437 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1176126 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1176126 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alexander Kleibrink 
Author-X-Name-First: Alexander 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kleibrink 
Author-Name: Carlo Gianelle 
Author-X-Name-First: Carlo 
Author-X-Name-Last: Gianelle 
Author-Name: Mathieu Doussineau 
Author-X-Name-First: Mathieu 
Author-X-Name-Last: Doussineau 
Title: Monitoring innovation and territorial development in Europe: emergent strategic management 
Abstract:
 Innovation strategies for smart specialization have become the new
 framework for organizing innovation support in European regions and
 states. This article examines how policy-makers conceive monitoring in the
 context of the current European territorial and innovation policy. In this
 setting, monitoring activities have to move beyond an audit-oriented logic
 in order to integrate a range of strategic functions such as producing the
 information needed to manage evidence-based policy decisions effectively
 and keep stakeholders informed and engaged in the policy cycle. To analyse
 this transition, we first conceptualize the logic of intervention of smart
 specialization. In a second step, we present the findings from a survey of
 policy-makers on their perceptions of this intervention logic and
 monitoring. We find that strategy monitoring is an exercise that must go
 beyond a narrow audit focus. Regional policy-makers involve stakeholders
 to interpret monitoring results for strategy revision and they adopt a
 priority-specific intervention logic, albeit with problems of implementing
 this logic in practice.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1438-1458 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1181717 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1181717 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henning Kroll 
Author-X-Name-First: Henning 
Author-X-Name-Last: Kroll 
Author-Name: Immo B&#xf6;ke 
Author-X-Name-First: Immo 
Author-X-Name-Last: B&#xf6;ke 
Author-Name: Daniel Schiller 
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel 
Author-X-Name-Last: Schiller 
Author-Name: Thomas Stahlecker 
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas 
Author-X-Name-Last: Stahlecker 
Title: Bringing owls to Athens? The transformative potential of RIS3 for innovation policy in Germany's Federal States 
Abstract:
 This paper reports on the impact of smart specialization policies in an
 economically already well-developed and politically experienced
 environment. Arguably, German regions were quite experienced with
 strategic innovation policy long before the ex-ante conditionality was
 imposed and their first reaction to it was accordingly reserved.
 Nonetheless, our case studies illustrate that the process related to the
 development of regional innovation strategies has in many German regions
 led to advances in methodology as well as improved communication and
 coordination in polities where information failures constitute a relevant
 challenge. Accordingly, a number of key challenges remain, in part related
 to many German regions&#x2019; understanding of their own mandate within
 the country's multi-level governance system.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1459-1477 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1159666 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1159666 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Marlow 
Author-X-Name-First: David 
Author-X-Name-Last: Marlow 
Author-Name: Kevin Richardson 
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Richardson 
Title: How smart is England&#x2019;s approach to smart specialization? A policy paper 
Abstract:
 A previous paper on RIS3 assessed its potential to influence growth
 strategies and their delivery. It held that significant further investment
 work was needed in tools and techniques, data and intelligence, and
 innovation in leadership capacity and capabilities. It further asserted
 that such investment was needed to be part of a commitment to a long-run
 learning and evaluation process. This paper considers synergies and
 dissonances between these national approaches to development in England.
 In particular, it explores how far RIS represents a step change from
 previous approaches to innovation-led growth. Alternatively, is it more
 accurately an incremental facelift and rebranding of previous orthodoxies?
 Does it add value to or detract from national policy for England? What
 roles might the approach play in the so-called &#x2018;devolution
 revolution&#x2019;? Can the (small scale, &#x2018;light touch&#x2019;)
 Advisory Hub approach support and promote those roles? What, if anything,
 might the England experience have for other nations and regions of Europe?
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1478-1493 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1179267 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1179267 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Cooke 
Author-X-Name-First: Philip 
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke 
Title: Four minutes to four years: the advantage of recombinant over specialized innovation -- RIS3 versus &#x2018;smartspec' 
Abstract:
 Today, the EU has changed its economic development support strategy for
 regions from a mainly procedural budgeting model to a more substantive
 one, especially regarding the priority to promote regional innovation.
 Thus, instead of a regional operational programme that emphasized
 budgetary controls, phasing and expenditure refinement, this was to be
 paralleled by a regional innovation strategy (RIS phase 3 or RIS3) to
 attract EU regional funding assistance. This was a radical departure from
 all hitherto prevailing ERDF/FEDER methodologies by which regions and
 their member states submitted such funding requests. This article explores
 this policy transition, its strengths and weaknesses. In particular, it
 presents empirically informed accounts of the ways in which RIS3 was
 received, comprehended and implemented in three regions of Portugal. In
 addition, it presents results of interviews also conducted with key
 central state actors in Lisbon. A major aim was to see how each policy
 level reacted to the way innovation was pre-defined in terms of regional
 &#x2018;smart specialization' whereby regions dropped un-innovative
 activities and projected their best candidate specializations. Questioning
 of the validity of the notion in the innovation context occurs based on
 both primary and secondary research. A secondary aim was to investigate
 the methodologies, concepts and policy frameworks actually deployed in
 developing RIS3s in three Portuguese regions; Algarve, Centro and Norte.
 Third, another important aim in a follow-up section was to conduct an
 <italic>ex post</italic> evaluation of the resulting approved
 implementation strategy. Discussion and conclusions are drawn in the final
 section.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1494-1510 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1151482 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1151482 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Donato Iacobucci 
Author-X-Name-First: Donato 
Author-X-Name-Last: Iacobucci 
Author-Name: Enrico Guzzini 
Author-X-Name-First: Enrico 
Author-X-Name-Last: Guzzini 
Title: Relatedness and connectivity in technological domains: missing links in S3 design and implementation 
Abstract:
 European guidelines for the smart specialization strategy (S3) required
 regions to identify synergies between technological domains within the
 same region (relatedness) and potential links of the chosen domains with
 other European regions (connectivity). The aim of this paper is to analyse
 if and to what extent regions have been able to implement such indications
 and the methodology adopted. The paper is based on a content analysis of
 the S3 documents approved by Italian regions. The empirical analysis
 reveals that only in a few cases regions considered relatedness and
 connectivity of technological domains. Moreover, the methods adopted by
 regions to detect potential links between the specialization domains is
 based more on anecdotal evidence than on the application of theoretically
 grounded methodologies. The paper suggests that the explanation for this
 omission is the absence of a consolidated methodology to deal with these
 issues and proposes some preliminary guidelines to overcome the problem.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1511-1526 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1170108 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1170108 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adrian Healy 
Author-X-Name-First: Adrian 
Author-X-Name-Last: Healy 
Title: Smart specialization in a centralized state: strengthening the regional contribution in North East Romania 
Abstract:
 Regional Innovation Strategies 3 (RIS3) are intended to promote the
 economic transformation of European Union (EU) regions, particularly those
 that are lagging in development. The introduction of RIS3 has not been
 without its critics. This is not unexpected given its rapid, and, for
 some, rather hasty, move from conceptual idea to mainstream EU policy.
 This paper explores the introduction of the RIS3 approach in North East
 Romania, one of the EU&#x2019;s least developed regions. Whilst Romania
 has launched a national RIS3, the Regional Development Agency for North
 East Romania also voluntarily embarked upon a process of developing a
 regional RIS3 for the North East region. This provides a valuable
 opportunity to explore different spatial dimensions of the smart
 specialization approach and offers the opportunity to consider the extent
 to which active and well-regarded research actors can act as anchors to a
 RIS3 approach in a less developed region. The paper argues that whilst the
 experience of developing a regional RIS3 offers strong learning benefits,
 the effectiveness of this will be dependent on supporting institutional
 structures.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1527-1543 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1184233 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1184233 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kevin Morgan 
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin 
Author-X-Name-Last: Morgan 
Title: Collective entrepreneurship: the Basque model of innovation 
Abstract:
 The Basque Country enjoys a distinctive status as an old industrial region
 that successfully met the economic challenges of the 1980s and 1990s, so
 much so that today it is lauded by the Organisation for Economic
 Cooperation and Development as a regional transformation success story.
 The article seeks to explain this experience and assess its implications
 in and beyond the Basque Country. Firstly, it defines the Basque model and
 traces its institutional evolution from the 1980s to the present day,
 highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of the model. Secondly, it
 examines how the Basque model is adjusting to and addressing the
 challenging agenda of smart specialization, the latest regional innovation
 programme in the European Union. Finally, it uses the Basque experience to
 illuminate four key issues in regional innovation policy studies, namely
 the balance between continuity and novelty, the policy complexity problem,
 the interplay between intra-regional and extra-regional learning and
 state-centric versus network-oriented approaches to place-based
 innovation.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1544-1560 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1151483 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1151483 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ramojus Reimeris 
Author-X-Name-First: Ramojus 
Author-X-Name-Last: Reimeris 
Title: New rules, same game: the case of Lithuanian Smart specialization 
Abstract:
 The main goal is to discuss the development of regional innovation
 strategies 3 (RIS3) in Lithuania as the primary instrument for accessing
 European Structural Investment Funds (ESIF) for the research and
 innovation (R&I) system. The article analyses the landscape of the
 Lithuanian R&I system, which has not gone through any major changes yet in
 relation to the RIS3. A proposition is raised, that the development of
 RIS3 can be seen as a set of certain type of rules and procedures to
 fulfil the <italic>ex ante</italic> conditionality, which has been
 enforced by the European Commission (EC) to access the ESIF, but the
 result is not obvious at the moment. The development of RIS3 can be seen
 as a game of developing a strategy without a real obligation to implement
 it. As it did not bring substantial changes to the landscape or
 performance of the R&I system of Lithuania yet, it did change certain
 policy-making practices and stakeholder involvement. This does indicate
 that the rules of RIS3 development itself are a mechanism of some change,
 even if the ideal result of a well-performing R&I system would not be
 achieved. RIS3 should be seen as a continuous process, which now is a
 precursor for future policy-making practices.
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1561-1583 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1179722 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1179722 
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shahamak Rezaei 
Author-X-Name-First: Shahamak 
Author-X-Name-Last: Rezaei 
Title: The state and the grassroots immigrant transnational organizations in four continents 
Journal: European Planning Studies 
Pages: 1584-1586 
Issue: 8 
Volume: 24 
Year: 2016 
Month: 8 
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1185253 
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1185253 
File-Format: text/html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Book Reviews
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 447-450
Issue: 3
Volume: 12
Year: 2004
X-DOI: 10.1080/0965431042000194895
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/0965431042000194895
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Francesca Savarese
Author-X-Name-First: Maria Francesca
Author-X-Name-Last: Savarese
Author-Name: Luigi Orsi
Author-X-Name-First: Luigi
Author-X-Name-Last: Orsi
Author-Name: Fiorenza Belussi
Author-X-Name-First: Fiorenza
Author-X-Name-Last: Belussi
Title: New venture high growth in high-tech environments
Abstract: 
 The aim of this article is to understand the triggering factors of new firm growth in high-tech environments (life science, knowledge-intensive business services [KIBS] and engineering) by studying a representative sample of high-growth Italian start-ups. Our empirical research uses the information gathered during direct interviews with managers through a semi-structured questionnaire, which was presented to 382 new Italian firms. Considering the characteristics of new firms, this article summarizes the key growth factors. Investment in acquiring new competencies both in technology and marketing, development of dynamic capabilities (investment in human resources and new routines) and access to external knowledge and information sources emerged as significant.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1937-1958
Issue: 11
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1232700
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1232700
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Romain Melot
Author-X-Name-First: Romain
Author-X-Name-Last: Melot
Author-Name: Jean-Christophe Paoli
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Christophe
Author-X-Name-Last: Paoli
Title: Testing the waters of coastal urbanization: contested projects on Corsica’s protected lands
Abstract: 
 In the wake of the decentralization reforms implemented in France in the early 1980s, the Coast Protection Act (‘loi littoral’) was enacted in 1986 to counterbalance the significant regulatory powers devolved through those reforms to local municipalities in matters of urban planning. The act’s purpose was to contain urban sprawl, especially in heretofore undeveloped and protected areas such as those found on the Corsican coastline. Many local officials protested that the act would freeze any development on vast tracts of land and become a hindrance to carrying out potentially lucrative tourism projects on the most attractive coastal frontage parcels. The inquiry draws on a statistical sample of 252 legal arguments put forward in 180 claims, which were filed in the Corsican Administrative Court during the 2004–2011 period. From a sociological perspective, we examine in this article the strategies behind litigation and the use of the administrative courts as a means to resolve conflicts that have arisen over the attempted development of protected coastal areas. Special attention is paid to disputes over proposed development projects against which claims have been filed by local inhabitants and state administrators with the intention of containing urban sprawl.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1959-1977
Issue: 11
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1219698
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1219698
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hana Černá Silovská
Author-X-Name-First: Hana Černá
Author-X-Name-Last: Silovská
Author-Name: Jana Kolaříková
Author-X-Name-First: Jana
Author-X-Name-Last: Kolaříková
Title: Observation and assessment of local economic development with regard to the application of the local multiplier
Abstract: 
 This contribution deals with the observation and evaluation of the issues of local economic development with a focus on the relatively new method of the local multiplier LM3. The main objective of this article is to evaluate the application possibilities of selected tools for the analysis of local economic development, in order to verify the effectiveness of the methodology of the local multiplier LM3 and to discuss the possibilities of its practical use. This LM3 method is perceived to be one of the convenient methods on how to capture certain components of local economic development. This indicator of the power of local economies is verified within field research in two case studies conducted in the Šumava region in Southwest Bohemia. The added value of this contribution is both methodological and practical. Currently, there exist only very few studies using the LM3 method in the Czech Republic and they do not offer satisfying evaluation of possible broader use of this method in the area of local development in the specific Czech regions. Having summarized two new case studies, this article contributes to the methodological discussion of the LM method and includes concrete practical recommendations for future research and also practical use.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1978-1994
Issue: 11
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1233941
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1233941
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Franziska Sielker
Author-X-Name-First: Franziska
Author-X-Name-Last: Sielker
Title: A stakeholder-based EU territorial cooperation: the example of European macro-regions
Abstract: 
 In the last decade, European regional policy has faced considerable changes typified by the introduction of the place-based approach with the Barca Report. One of the most prominent changes in European territorial cooperation (ETC), supposedly reflecting this shift, is the development of macro-regions, the dynamic of which are only just beginning to influence policy-making. This paper aims to analyse contemporary styles of ETC under the place-based narrative by identifying characteristics of macro-regional cooperation. Drawing on empirical studies in the Danube, Alpine and North Sea regions, the paper shows that stakeholders’ primary rationale for getting involved is the opportunity for agenda-setting, and the intention to evoke changes in debates and in other stakeholders’ influence. The main argument the paper follows is that macro-regional experiences reveal a crucial dependence on relatively strong stakeholders. With the term ‘stakeholder-based’, the paper draws attention to the importance of stakeholder settings in these new forms of ETC. The paper concludes that conceptualizations of approaches to European regional policies would need to acknowledge the regional differences of stakeholder settings more explicitly, and highlights the need to better acknowledge the implications for political transparency and relative power in agenda-setting.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1995-2013
Issue: 11
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1221383
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1221383
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrés Rodríguez-Pose
Author-X-Name-First: Andrés
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodríguez-Pose
Author-Name: Callum Wilkie
Author-X-Name-First: Callum
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilkie
Title: Context and the role of policies to attract foreign R&amp;D in Europe
Abstract: 
 This paper explores the effectiveness of policies ‘in’ attracting the foreign research and development (R&amp;D) of multinational enterprises (MNEs) to specific countries in Europe. We develop a macroeconomic investigation covering 29 European countries during the period between 1990 and 2012 in order to address: (a) whether the provision of direct financial support for business R&amp;D is effective for the attraction of foreign R&amp;D; (b) whether direct support is more effective than indirect support for this purpose and (c) whether the link between direct financial support for business R&amp;D and the foreign R&amp;D of MNEs is conditioned by the context within which the support is provided. The results of the analysis show that, first, the provision of direct financial support is generally effective for the attraction of foreign R&amp;D by MNEs. Second, direct support for business R&amp;D is more effective for this purpose than indirect support. Third, the provision of direct financial support for business R&amp;D yields greater returns in contexts that are more socio-economically suitable for knowledge-intensive, innovative activity.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2014-2035
Issue: 11
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1226783
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1226783
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simon Goess
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Goess
Author-Name: Martin de Jong
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: de Jong
Author-Name: Evert Meijers
Author-X-Name-First: Evert
Author-X-Name-Last: Meijers
Title: City branding in polycentric urban regions: identification, profiling and transformation in the Randstad and Rhine-Ruhr
Abstract: 
 In polycentric urban regions several distinct cities, none of which is dominant, cooperate and compete with each other to attract inhabitants and firms. In such settings city branding strategies do not solely affect one city, but the entire region. We examined how city branding in the face of ecological modernization, that is, delivering higher added economic value, while lowering environmental impacts, is playing out in the Dutch Randstad and the German Rhine-Ruhr. Our findings show that regional identity formation occurs at the sub-polycentric urban region level, coinciding more with (historical) economic profiles than with planning imaginaries. The Dutch cities profile themselves more along the lines of ecological modernization than their German counterparts. Differences between subregions within each polycentric urban region are also noticeable, where more industrialized regions, such as the Ruhr or southern Randstad focus on ‘green’, ‘liveable’ and ‘knowledge-oriented’, while cities with stronger knowledge-intensive sectors portray themselves as ‘smart’ or ‘sustainable’. Cities generally substantiate their profiles through projects, but a significant gap persists between reality and aspirations for improved environmental conditions. This is especially true for the Dutch cities, where many claims, but little visible action can be observed.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2036-2056
Issue: 11
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1228832
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1228832
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Abbas Ziafati Bafarasat
Author-X-Name-First: Abbas
Author-X-Name-Last: Ziafati Bafarasat
Title: In pursuit of productive conflict in strategic planning: project identification
Abstract: 
 This paper discusses three normative standpoints on conflict in strategic spatial planning: no conflict, conflict for consensus and conflict for meta-consensus on the validity of dispute. These views apply to the questions of whether and why projects, as a major source of conflict, should be identified in the process of strategic planning. In their approaches to these questions, the performance school advocates the production of general guidelines to avoid conflict, the collaborative perspective supports the identification of projects in strategic planning in order to utilize their potential in a conflict-to-consensus journey and the conflict-oriented perspective favours the identification of projects in strategic planning in order to arrive at meta-consensus on the immediate disputability of robust agreements. Reflecting on the collaborative perspective, this paper tests a hypothetical model of how conflicts created in the face of project identification can feed in making consensual strategies. Findings in the North West region of England support the model and suggest some difficulties with reviewing such consensus around which a resistance network forms. The paper puts forward some recommendations for overcoming the review challenge.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2057-2075
Issue: 11
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1231800
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1231800
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Petr Janský
Author-X-Name-First: Petr
Author-X-Name-Last: Janský
Author-Name: Tomáš Křehlík
Author-X-Name-First: Tomáš
Author-X-Name-Last: Křehlík
Author-Name: Jiří Skuhrovec
Author-X-Name-First: Jiří
Author-X-Name-Last: Skuhrovec
Title: Do EU funds crowd out other public expenditures? Evidence on the additionality principle from the detailed Czech municipalities’ data
Abstract: 
 European Union (EU) funds flowing into budgets of public sector organizations of its member states should be additional to their nationally funded expenditures. To investigate this additionality principle systematically, we develop a new empirical method. Our main hypothesis is that some of the EU-funded projects are crowding out national public expenditures. Not being able to reject the hypothesis would be consistent with violating the additionality principle. To test the hypothesis, we examine how EU funding translates into actual spending of relatively comparable municipalities of the Czech Republic. We innovatively match the municipal authorities’ budgetary data on EU-funded expenditure projects with their other, nationally funded, expenditures. We find no systemic crowding out of national public expenditures by EU funds at the level of operational programmes in the Czech municipalities’ data, which is consistent with no evidence of violating the additionality principle. Nonetheless, going down to the municipal level enables us to show how the results can pinpoint individual cases of EU fund’s potential mismanagement in Czech municipalities. Overall, we provide the first evaluation of the additionality principle at the level of individual recipients of EU funds and in doing so we develop a methodological approach potentially applicable to other fund recipients.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2076-2095
Issue: 11
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1233168
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1233168
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Erratum
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: iii-iii
Issue: 11
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1238198
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1238198
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: José M. Pastor
Author-X-Name-First: José M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Pastor
Author-Name: Carlos Peraita
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Peraita
Author-Name: Lorenzo Serrano
Author-X-Name-First: Lorenzo
Author-X-Name-Last: Serrano
Author-Name: Ángel Soler
Author-X-Name-First: Ángel
Author-X-Name-Last: Soler
Title: Higher education institutions, economic growth and GDP per capita in European Union countries
Abstract: 
 This paper presents an estimation of the contribution of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) to economic growth and the Gross Domestic Product per capita of the European (EU) countries over the period 2000–2015. For this purpose, we analyse the universities’ effects on the supply side of their national economies, especially the contribution of the R&amp;D of HEIs to technological capital of the European (EU) countries. We proposed a methodology of counterfactual scenarios, which assume a hypothetical situation in which HEIs do not exist, to estimating the effects of HEIs, applying techniques of growth accounting. The results obtained indicate that these effects are a significant source of growth in European (EU) countries, contributing to mitigating the adverse effects of the periods of crisis. The estimates show that GDP per capita would currently be more than 11% higher than that corresponding to a scenario without HEIs. The results obtained also show significate differences in GDP per capita between European (EU) countries associated with the activity of HEIs.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1616-1637
Issue: 8
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1480707
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1480707
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carl Caesar
Author-X-Name-First: Carl
Author-X-Name-Last: Caesar
Author-Name: Fredrik Kopsch
Author-X-Name-First: Fredrik
Author-X-Name-Last: Kopsch
Title: Municipal land allocations: a key for understanding tenure and social mix patterns in Stockholm
Abstract: 
 A socially mixed population is a political ambition in Stockholm. By providing a mix of tenure alternatives throughout all neighbourhoods this objective could, at least partially, be fulfilled. Since current tenure proportions display a weak balance in many neighbourhoods it could be assumed that governing politicians – by primarily utilizing Stockholm’s vast landownership and municipal housing developers – attempt to bridge observed gaps. Distribution of new rental and ownership apartments in municipal land allocations should acknowledge the existing tenure composition in a neighbourhood. Methodically this article focuses on all (nearly 50,000) apartments channelled through Stockholm’s land allocation system between 2002 and 2012. After classification of all apartments based on tenure, location, year and developer (private or municipal) the information is merged with yearly housing stock characteristics for 128 neighbourhoods. The outcome is a unique data set allowing for statistical assessment of whether Stockholm’s tenure (and in extension social) mix ambition is reflected in practice. The present article aims to highlight the crucial importance of landownership in Swedish municipalities with an aspiration to achieve or maintain a balanced tenure mix. While the findings indicate Stockholm is complying fairly well with its ambition, the results do reveal some contradicting signs.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1663-1681
Issue: 8
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1484427
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1484427
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elena Batunova
Author-X-Name-First: Elena
Author-X-Name-Last: Batunova
Author-Name: Maria Gunko
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Gunko
Title: Urban shrinkage: an unspoken challenge of spatial planning in Russian small and medium-sized cities
Abstract: 
 Shrinkage since the collapse of state socialism has been evident in many Russian cities, especially in small and medium-sized (SMS) ones. The Russian state, de jure, has been promoting the idea of self-governance; thereby, urban municipalities ought to develop and adopt own planning decisions to cope with various challenges, including those related to depopulation. The current research focuses on planning responses to urban shrinkage. It aims at understanding how the phenomenon is conceptualized in the planning documents of Russian SMS cities and what solutions are proposed to cope with it in the conditions inherited from the Soviet times housing and infrastructural deficit. The empirical evidence for the analysis is drawn from over 70 SMS cities located in Central and Southern Russia. Results state that despite obvious and persisting urban shrinkage, most of the reviewed documents ignore or underestimate the phenomenon. Instead of suggesting flexible solutions, which would help overcome the shortage of urban infrastructure not aggravating shrinkages’ effects in the cityscape, long-term spatial plans are being developed with hope for future growth proposing measures that contribute to the intensification of urban sprawl and fragmentation.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1580-1597
Issue: 8
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1484891
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1484891
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Markus Grillitsch
Author-X-Name-First: Markus
Author-X-Name-Last: Grillitsch
Author-Name: Bjørn Asheim
Author-X-Name-First: Bjørn
Author-X-Name-Last: Asheim
Title: Place-based innovation policy for industrial diversification in regions
Abstract: 
 New industrial innovation policies like smart specialization aim at boosting economic growth by diversification towards more complex and higher value economic activities. This paper proposes a conceptual and analytical framework to support the design and implementation of such policies considering place-specific preconditions, particularly the differentiation of the regional system of innovation and entrepreneurship and the degree of current industrial diversification. The paper expands on the links between these preconditions and the barriers and opportunities for industrial diversification. Consequently, it proposes an archetypical place-based policy framework covering overall policy objectives as well as measures at the level of actors, networks, and the institutional and organizational support structures.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1638-1662
Issue: 8
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1484892
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1484892
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Hána
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Hána
Author-Name: Lenka Hellebrandová
Author-X-Name-First: Lenka
Author-X-Name-Last: Hellebrandová
Title: Spatial and sectoral differentiation of support to innovative companies from EU funds in Czechia
Abstract: 
 This paper aims to introduce a case study of Czechia in distribution of the EU funds and their spatial patterns. EU funds receive plenty attention from both European society and the scientific community. However, there is a lack of detailed evaluations of spatial and sectoral differentiation, which might bring a better understanding to the whole EU funds system. This paper attempts to fill this gap with a method of geographical differentiation analysis of the Czech operational programme Enterprise and Innovations 2007–15, which should increase the competitiveness of industry and develop services for commercial activities. Historically, subsidies often go to peripheral regions at the borderland with Slovakia and Poland, while regions along the borders with Germany and Austria receive only a low level of support. Jurisdictions of the major recipients from hi-tech sectors are mainly in the close vicinity of the largest cities (Praha, Brno), which are natural centres of high technologically demanding sectors, but a high share of high-tech subsidies goes to some peripheral districts as well. These findings can contribute not only to the academic discussion about contradictory developmental impacts of subsidies but to the all-European debate on the EU funds purposes as well.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1598-1615
Issue: 8
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1485135
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1485135
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Laura Grassini
Author-X-Name-First: Laura
Author-X-Name-Last: Grassini
Author-Name: Valeria Monno
Author-X-Name-First: Valeria
Author-X-Name-Last: Monno
Author-Name: Abdul Khakee
Author-X-Name-First: Abdul
Author-X-Name-Last: Khakee
Title: Evaluating strategic metropolitan planning in Bari and Taranto
Abstract: 
 Following the Italian Government’s decision to fund strategic planning in order to promote a sustainable and competitive development in city-regions in southern Italy, the regional governments were asked to steer proactively strategic planning initiatives within their respective territory. In the cases of Bari and Taranto, it was the first time that 31 municipalities constituting Metropolitan Bari and 28 municipalities constituting sub-region Taranto attempted to think collectively in order to prepare the strategic plan. This paper evaluates strategic planning in Bari and Taranto sub-regions and discusses lessons learnt for future efforts in strategic planning. We examine why were the strategic plans made and how was the planning process organized and what, if any, impact these attempts had on development strategies and governance models at the urban-regional level.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1682-1700
Issue: 8
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1488953
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1488953
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rachael Durrant
Author-X-Name-First: Rachael
Author-X-Name-Last: Durrant
Author-Name: Jacob Barnes
Author-X-Name-First: Jacob
Author-X-Name-Last: Barnes
Author-Name: Florian Kern
Author-X-Name-First: Florian
Author-X-Name-Last: Kern
Author-Name: Gordon Mackerron
Author-X-Name-First: Gordon
Author-X-Name-Last: Mackerron
Title: The acceleration of transitions to urban sustainability: a case study of Brighton and Hove
Abstract: 
 Cities raise major challenges and opportunities for achieving sustainability. Much literature on urban sustainability focuses on specific aspects such as planning practices, urban policy or the diffusion of more sustainable technologies or practices. However, attempts at understanding the mechanisms of structural change towards sustainability have resulted in the emergence of an interdisciplinary field of sustainability transitions research. Transitions research has developed a phase model of transitions in which predevelopment, take-off, acceleration and stabilization phases are distinguished. However, the acceleration phase has received limited attention so far. This is a crucial gap as policy-makers are keen to accelerate transitions. This paper aims to enhance our understanding of how local actions contribute towards accelerating urban sustainability transitions. It does so by testing an acceleration mechanisms framework through exploring the collective agency of local initiatives in urban sustainability transitions. Drawing on a case study of the city of Brighton and Hove (UK), the paper finds that despite favourable local political conditions, there is a lack of evidence of acceleration apart from in individual domains such as food or mobility. Progress is found to depend on the agency of initiatives to both scale up sustainable practices and embed these practices into local governance arrangements.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1537-1558
Issue: 8
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1489783
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1489783
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Britta Restemeyer
Author-X-Name-First: Britta
Author-X-Name-Last: Restemeyer
Author-Name: Margo van den Brink
Author-X-Name-First: Margo
Author-X-Name-Last: van den Brink
Author-Name: Johan Woltjer
Author-X-Name-First: Johan
Author-X-Name-Last: Woltjer
Title: Resilience unpacked – framing of ‘uncertainty’ and ‘adaptability’ in long-term flood risk management strategies for London and Rotterdam
Abstract: 
 Resilience is held as a promising concept to produce a paradigm shift from traditional flood control to an integration of flood risk management and spatial planning. Central ideas to the resilience narrative are that ‘nothing is certain except uncertainty itself’ and ‘adaptability’ is key to ‘governing the unknown’. However, this terminology is far from clear, yet increasingly used, which raises the question how it is made sense of in practice. To answer this question, we examine two long-term flood risk management strategies in the London and Rotterdam region with a policy framing perspective (i.e. the English Thames Estuary 2100 Plan and the Dutch Delta Programme). In both strategies, uncertainties are a key concern, leading to adaptive strategic plans. Reconstructing the framing processes shows that the English adopted a ‘scientific pragmatism’ frame and the Dutch a ‘joint fact-finding’ frame. While this led to different governance approaches, there are also striking parallels. Both cases use established methods such as scenario planning and monitoring to ‘manage’ uncertainties. Similarly to previous turns in flood risk management, the resilience narrative seems to be accommodated in a technical-rational way, resulting in policy strategies that are maintaining the status quo rather than bringing about a paradigm shift.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1559-1579
Issue: 8
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1490393
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1490393
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ties Vanthillo
Author-X-Name-First: Ties
Author-X-Name-Last: Vanthillo
Author-Name: Jeroen Cant
Author-X-Name-First: Jeroen
Author-X-Name-Last: Cant
Author-Name: Thierry Vanelslander
Author-X-Name-First: Thierry
Author-X-Name-Last: Vanelslander
Author-Name: Ann Verhetsel
Author-X-Name-First: Ann
Author-X-Name-Last: Verhetsel
Title: Understanding evolution in the Antwerp chemical cluster: the role of regional development strategies
Abstract: 
 Research on regional economic development increasingly embraces more nuanced perspectives on the evolution of clusters, industries and agglomerations. The extent to which the emergence and decline of clusters can be directed with intentional regional development strategies is, however, a major point of discussion. The article links the cluster life cycle concept to regional development strategies in order to examine the trajectory of Europe’s largest chemical complex in and around the Port of Antwerp (Belgium). This chemical cluster has matured and currently is in a state of stability. Although the cluster did not experience growth over the last decades in terms of new entrants, it did transform internally and maintained its importance as a production centre. Thus, whereas lock-in mechanisms hampered growth, they also prevented the cluster from going into a state of decline. We argue that while regional development strategies stimulated new emerging clusters in the Flemish region, vested interests in the port and associated lock-in mechanisms have resisted such developments in Antwerp. New growth trajectories based on the chemical cluster were therefore difficult to recreate in the Antwerp region.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1519-1536
Issue: 8
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1491952
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1491952
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Verena Radinger-Peer
Author-X-Name-First: Verena
Author-X-Name-Last: Radinger-Peer
Author-Name: Sabine Sedlacek
Author-X-Name-First: Sabine
Author-X-Name-Last: Sedlacek
Author-Name: Harvey Goldstein
Author-X-Name-First: Harvey
Author-X-Name-Last: Goldstein
Title: The path-dependent evolution of the entrepreneurial ecosystem (EE) – dynamics and region-specific assets of the case of Vienna (Austria)
Abstract: 
 The paper sheds light on the path-dependent development of the Viennese entrepreneurial ecosystem (EE). By taking into account temporal dynamics from the 1990s onwards as well as region-specificities we are able to demonstrate the evolution of the EE is not a linear process, but rather the various pillars of the EE may develop in distinct directions and find themselves in discrete development stages. Our in-depth analysis supports the understanding of how various pillars of the EE – especially the regulatory and finance/funding pillar – interrelate. Furthermore, the detected cause–effect interlinkages are not balanced, but are rather shaped by power-constellations and temporal imprinting as well as other regional specificities, which influence the overall success of the EE.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1499-1518
Issue: 8
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1494136
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1494136
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luciana Lazzeretti
Author-X-Name-First: Luciana
Author-X-Name-Last: Lazzeretti
Author-Name: Philip Cooke
Author-X-Name-First: Philip
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke
Title: Responding to and resisting resilience
Abstract: 
 The purpose of this Special Issue is to contribute to the still under-researched debate on regional and urban economic resilience by proposing some reflections focused on the contribution of art and culture to revitalization of de-activated spaces. In this sense, the idea that some creative regions, ‘corridors’ or cities are also resilient is to be examined to see the extent they are capable of re-energization. This means not only preserving but also transforming themselves in response to external pressures, generating local development, innovation and growth. The contributions included then offer, using a multidisciplinary perspective – in terms of theoretical approaches, research methodologies and empirical findings – an interesting contribution to a better understanding of the concept of this specific kind of regional and urban resilience. The Special Issue is composed of eight articles.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1-9
Issue: 1
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1270911
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1270911
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Annalisa Colombino
Author-X-Name-First: Annalisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Colombino
Author-Name: Alberto Vanolo
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Vanolo
Title: Turin and Lingotto: resilience, forgetting and the reinvention of place
Abstract: 
 Lingotto used to be an important industrial site and a highly symbolic space at the heart of the city of Turin, Italy. The aim of this article is to analyse the multiple trajectories, spatialities and layers of memories, meanings and practices that overlapped within and across Lingotto in the last decades, following the changing economic conditions and connected discursive paradigms associated with the evolution of the local economy since the Fordist crisis of the 1970s. The analysis shows that Lingotto may be interpreted as a mirror of Turin’s resilience strategies used to cope with the economic crises that have hit the city. Furthermore, it shows how Lingotto is a highly resilient urban fragment and building. Contrary to mainstream debates about the need to conserve and stage local urban heritages, this paper offers an account of Lingotto’s resilience, which highlights how forgetting the past may be a strategy for tackling the present and being resilient. The analysis of the evolution of Lingotto thus contributes to understanding urban processes that entwine with the quest for resilience in the contemporary post-industrial city, stressing the ambiguous role of the often-implicit politics of forgetting and amnesia in a framework of urban resilience.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 10-28
Issue: 1
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1254598
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1254598
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rafael Boix
Author-X-Name-First: Rafael
Author-X-Name-Last: Boix
Author-Name: Pau Rausell
Author-X-Name-First: Pau
Author-X-Name-Last: Rausell
Author-Name: Raül Abeledo
Author-X-Name-First: Raül
Author-X-Name-Last: Abeledo
Title: The Calatrava model: reflections on resilience and urban plasticity
Abstract: 
 The article introduces a critical reflection on the effects that the version of cultural capitalism based on large events and architectural symbols has on the resilience of cities when used as an engine, and not as a complement to the policies of urban transformation. The article introduces as a case of study the so-called ‘Calatrava model’ of the city of Valencia. The model of a cultural bubble of Valencia, designed to enable a new space, is developed and contrasted with other two examples of urban transformation designed to revitalize spaces: Bilbao – symbolically represented by Frank Gehry's Guggenheim museum – and the Barcelona 22@ – symbolically represented by Jean Nouvel's Agbar Tower. Through the notion of ‘plasticity’ we analyse how, despite the overall failure of the Calatrava model and its negative effect on the short-term ability of the city to absorb shocks, Valencia is able to adapt and absorb the urban transformation around the Calatrava's architectural complex and to incorporate it into their processes of dynamic resilience.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 29-47
Issue: 1
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1257570
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1257570
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Cooke
Author-X-Name-First: Philip
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke
Title: Resilience in ruins: the idea of the ‘arrested dialectic’ in art after resilience’s failures
Abstract: 
 This article questions the relevance of the concept of ‘resilience’. It traces the origins of this optimistic social variant of an ecological process that itself can be questioned for its belief in ultimate recovery. In the socio-spatial context, although this is seldom admitted, much of the modern space economy has been abandoned, lays derelict with city fabric often in ruins. The insights of Art History are drawn upon to expose this ‘dark side’ of past urban and regional development. This is because just as art thrives in propitious economic conditions, so it also declines when the money runs out. Certain unpleasant events can be traced to the exhaustion of Utopian practice, Enlightenment ideals and a weakness of states. This led to a fascination with the apparent decay of long-established values formerly expressed in western culture that now share more nihilistic elements with contemporary eastern culture. A proposal that a better interaction between the late capitalist ‘arrested dialectic’ of long-term stasis and the exhaustion of Art’s wellsprings is that a new purpose can be found in fashioning an ‘Art of Warning of Incipient Disaster’.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 48-66
Issue: 1
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1259398
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1259398
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefania Oliva
Author-X-Name-First: Stefania
Author-X-Name-Last: Oliva
Author-Name: Luciana Lazzeretti
Author-X-Name-First: Luciana
Author-X-Name-Last: Lazzeretti
Title: Adaptation, adaptability and resilience: the recovery of Kobe after the Great Hanshin Earthquake of 1995
Abstract: 
 In the past few years, the concept of resilience has captured the attention of academics, politicians and public opinion and has been identified as the source of recovery policies of local, regional and national economies. As a result, searching for the so-called resilient factor has led governments to manage territories and resources, combining sustainability and adaptation in an increasingly risky world. The purpose of this paper is to investigate resilience in response to natural disasters through the analysis of the recovery process of the city of Kobe destroyed by the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake in 1995. Japanese regions have always coexisted with significant external pressures often leading to environmental disasters and consequent relevant economic and social damage. Kobe has been an emblematic case because of its rapidity in urban reconstruction and speeding of economic recovery. Kobe and the Great Hanshin Earthquake of 1995 represent a successful case of resilient city able to adapt to changing circumstances and to foster local development proposing a renewed image of a creative city.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 67-87
Issue: 1
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1260093
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1260093
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:25:y:2017:i:1:p:67-87




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marco Bellandi
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Bellandi
Author-Name: Erica Santini
Author-X-Name-First: Erica
Author-X-Name-Last: Santini
Title: Resilience and the role of arts and culture-based activities in mature industrial districts
Abstract: 
 In this paper, we build on the results of previous research on how industrial districts (IDs) well-endowed with innovation capabilities fall into decline, and sometimes react against it. Major challenges may bring about deep crises. In particular, mature IDs stuck into the cognitive core and the institutional frames, which have featured their past growth, have often weak or slow reactions to such crises, demonstrating lack of adaptability and low resilience. However, lock-ins can be avoided or overcome by the activation and integration of a multiplicity of secondary know-how nuclei. The present paper combines some conceptualizations on such ID dynamics with the roles of their cultural backgrounds, and the possible activation of place-based arts and culture-based activities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 88-106
Issue: 1
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1268096
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1268096
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:25:y:2017:i:1:p:88-106




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marilena Vecco
Author-X-Name-First: Marilena
Author-X-Name-Last: Vecco
Author-Name: Andrej Srakar
Author-X-Name-First: Andrej
Author-X-Name-Last: Srakar
Title: Blue notes: Slovenian jazz festivals and their contribution to the economic resilience of the host cities
Abstract: 
 In this article we explore the effects of two Slovenian jazz festivals on the economic resilience of the host cities: Jazzinty Novo Mesto and Jazz Cerkno. We analyse to what extent the two jazz festivals contribute to the original pre-crisis status (e.g. static economic resilience) of the two host cities as reaction to the financial crisis of 2008. Using a monthly based dataset of Statistical Office of Republic of Slovenia, covering the period 2008–2015, and ex-post econometric verification methodology (time series and panel data methods), we estimate the effects of these festivals on tourism inflows and employment. The results confirm important effects of the events in both cities, but with wide variation across the years, being more present in the earlier years of the festivals, and being on a very different scale for both cities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 107-126
Issue: 1
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1272548
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1272548
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andy C. Pratt
Author-X-Name-First: Andy C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Pratt
Title: Beyond resilience: learning from the cultural economy
Abstract: 
 The aim of this paper has been to address the apparent paradox that culture has been the high-profile victim of funding cuts in the period of austerity; at the same time, culture has prospered. Is culture then the ‘poster child for resilience’? The paper seeks to de-couple the notion from neo-liberalism and austerity. It counters with an argument that resilience as a concept is relational, it does not have a unitary meaning and its forms will change depending on context (that is, the cultural field and the field of governance). Hence, the strange survival of culture is explained not by austerity, but by the dynamism of the cultural field. However, this disjunction between governance and culture also carried a number of risks and problems.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 127-139
Issue: 1
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1272549
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1272549
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicola Bellini
Author-X-Name-First: Nicola
Author-X-Name-Last: Bellini
Author-Name: Francesco Grillo
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco
Author-X-Name-Last: Grillo
Author-Name: Giulia Lazzeri
Author-X-Name-First: Giulia
Author-X-Name-Last: Lazzeri
Author-Name: Cecilia Pasquinelli
Author-X-Name-First: Cecilia
Author-X-Name-Last: Pasquinelli
Title: Tourism and regional economic resilience from a policy perspective: lessons from smart specialization strategies in Europe
Abstract: 
 This paper deals with the contribution of tourism to regional economic resilience and questions the ways regional policy-makers recognize the relevance of tourism and integrate it into their regional development strategies (and, in particular, in regional innovation strategies). An exploratory analysis was carried out with a focus on the ‘smart specialization strategy’ documents, issued in Europe as required by the new programming phase of the structural funds. After defining the potential relevance of tourism as factor of regional economic resilience, a list of emerging innovation policies involving tourism was identified and linked to one of the following three types of regional economic resilience: ‘engineering resilience’, ‘ecological resilience’ and ‘evolutionary resilience’.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 140-153
Issue: 1
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1273323
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1273323
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alois Humer
Author-X-Name-First: Alois
Author-X-Name-Last: Humer
Title: Linking polycentricity concepts to periphery: implications for an integrative Austrian strategic spatial planning practice
Abstract: 
 This contribution searches for a regional planning conception that allows for a mutual recognition and practical translation between strategies for urban regions and peripheries beyond separate urban and rural categories; taking the Austrian strategic spatial planning context as the example. For this, various notions of polycentricity are discussed and assessed with regard to periphery. The Austrian strategic spatial development concept ÖREK sets out a focused work programme with changing responsibilities and participation of actors. The objectives are targeted and the processes are implementation oriented. Amongst other topics, urban regional issues and peripheral, declining regions are worked on separately. A conceptually integrative, plan-like strategic instrument across the topics and for the whole of Austria is lacking. The ESPON notion of ‘inner peripheries’ is proposed as a complementary concept to the ESDP notion of polycentricity, helping to create a bridge between urban regional and periphery strategies. This has the potential to guide strategic planning practice efforts in Austria towards a yet missing strategic spatial plan for the whole of the country beyond urban and rural categories. Practice relevant conclusions related to the case of Austrian strategic spatial planning are drawn and a need for further, comparative research in a European context is identified.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 635-652
Issue: 4
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1403570
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1403570
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ervin Sezgin
Author-X-Name-First: Ervin
Author-X-Name-Last: Sezgin
Title: New regionalism in Turkey: questioning the ‘new’ and the ‘regional’
Abstract: 
 Turkey’s regional policies are inspired by the new regionalism theory. During past two decades, key concepts of new regionalism, including knowledge economies, specialization, networked cities and innovation, have been incorporated in policy documents. At the same time, Turkey comes from a strong central state tradition that controls local and regional development. At first insight, new regionalism and strong central state control do not fit in the same frame. This research analyses the trajectory of regional policies in Turkey with the aim of explaining how these seemingly incompatible policies can coexist. It argues that regional policies developed at the central state level utilized new regionalism as a part of the strategy to maintain power in the course of transformation of the nation state.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 653-669
Issue: 4
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1403571
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1403571
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Willem Salet
Author-X-Name-First: Willem
Author-X-Name-Last: Salet
Title: Mapping metropolitan Italy
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 873-876
Issue: 4
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1413073
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1413073
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:26:y:2018:i:4:p:873-876




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Natália Barbosa
Author-X-Name-First: Natália
Author-X-Name-Last: Barbosa
Author-Name: Fábio Silva
Author-X-Name-First: Fábio
Author-X-Name-Last: Silva
Title: Public financial support and firm-specific characteristics: evidence from Portugal
Abstract: 
 This paper analyses the underlying factors explaining a firm’s use of public financial support and possible misalignments between policy goals and the characteristics of firms holding a public grant. Using firm-level data for a sample of Portuguese manufacturing firms over the 2006–2013 period, we investigate how public financial support at the firm level is related to observable firm’s characteristics. Our findings suggest that firms lacking resources, capabilities and international involvement seem to be those with great barriers to use public financial support. Therefore, it cast doubts on the efficiency of public financial support programmes aiming to mitigate market failures, by assisting constrained firms. In turn, public financial support seems to boost market selection mechanisms by favouring ‘good’ firms and pushing less-endowed firms outside the market.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 670-686
Issue: 4
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1417358
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1417358
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:26:y:2018:i:4:p:670-686




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Konstantinos N. Moutsopoulos
Author-X-Name-First: Konstantinos N.
Author-X-Name-Last: Moutsopoulos
Author-Name: Christos P. Petalas
Author-X-Name-First: Christos P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Petalas
Title: Water supply of Greek cities: the WFD and the principles of integrated water resources management
Abstract: 
 In this paper, the water supply conditions in the major Greek cities have been investigated and a comprehensive description is provided. It has occurred that the choice of the catchment area as the administrative unit for water management purposes is rather more adapted to urban water management in Western Europe, than in Greece. In fact, while the major cities in France, Spain and the UK can be mainly supplied by water issued from the catchment area in which they are located, interbasin water transfer is necessary in Greece. The reasons are both hydrological, with the typical catchment area size in Greece being rather small, and because the economic activities of the Greek cities are not linked to rivers; so only a few of them are built on large watersheds. The reduction of water losses due to network leakage is suggested as a method for the decrease of interbasin transfer volumes.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 687-705
Issue: 4
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1421909
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1421909
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jose Antonio Belso-Martinez
Author-X-Name-First: Jose Antonio
Author-X-Name-Last: Belso-Martinez
Author-Name: Isabel Diez-Vial
Author-X-Name-First: Isabel
Author-X-Name-Last: Diez-Vial
Author-Name: Maria Jose Lopez-Sanchez
Author-X-Name-First: Maria Jose
Author-X-Name-Last: Lopez-Sanchez
Author-Name: Rosario Mateu-Garcia
Author-X-Name-First: Rosario
Author-X-Name-Last: Mateu-Garcia
Title: The brokerage role of supporting organizations inside clusters: how does it work?
Abstract: 
 The objective of this research is to examine in depth the brokerage roles that supporting institutions play in conducting local business and applying technical knowledge inside clusters. We identify three main roles: a coordination role, characterized by the efforts that organizations play in internally coordinating themselves and establishing a shared institutional framework; an interconnector role, where organizations foster communication along the value chain of the industry; and a gatekeeper role that allows organizations to connect cluster members with external networks. Results obtained in the Toy Valley cluster provide evidence that each kind of supporting organization tends to specialize in specific roles, since universities are best for a coordination role with regard to technical knowledge while private organizations are key for vertical communication and coordination. Similar results were obtained when analysing the extra-cluster contacts that these organizations develop as gatekeepers, as they tend to establish specific communication conduits with similar alters in external networks.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 706-725
Issue: 4
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1422482
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1422482
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: José Antonio Cañete
Author-X-Name-First: José Antonio
Author-X-Name-Last: Cañete
Author-Name: Francisco Navarro
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco
Author-X-Name-Last: Navarro
Author-Name: Eugenio Cejudo
Author-X-Name-First: Eugenio
Author-X-Name-Last: Cejudo
Title: Territorially unequal rural development: the cases of the LEADER Initiative and the PRODER Programme in Andalusia (Spain)
Abstract: 
 This paper studies the territorial effects of the LEADER approach in Southern Europe, by analysing the region of Andalusia (Spain). Our research has revealed that, in many cases, projects were concentrated in the most dynamic, most populated areas, with a well-established business network with the financial and organizational capacity required to access European funding. In these areas, the economic leadership of the most dynamic municipalities has been reinforced at the expense of more depressed areas with little social capital and few businesses. These programmes have not, therefore, helped to mitigate territorial imbalances. In a minority of rural areas, however, this trend was not observed, which shows that although territorial inequality is a widespread problem in the practice of neo-endogenous rural development, it does not affect all areas to the same degree.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 726-744
Issue: 4
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1424118
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1424118
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:26:y:2018:i:4:p:726-744




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marlies Meijer
Author-X-Name-First: Marlies
Author-X-Name-Last: Meijer
Author-Name: Erwin van der Krabben
Author-X-Name-First: Erwin
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Krabben
Title: Informal institutional change in De Achterhoek region: from citizen initiatives to participatory governance
Abstract: 
 As in other European countries, the formal planning task of Dutch governments is subjected to devolution and austerity measures. Not only did these developments lead to outsourcing planning tasks to lower-level governments, also citizens are increasingly ‘invited’ to take responsibility for providing public facilities and services. In De Achterhoek, a Dutch region, these shifts are amplified due to population change and traditional active citizenship, and led to institutional change. Since a decade local governments stimulate citizen initiatives, under the umbrella of participatory governance. This process of institutional change did not alter formal institutions, but was the result of an informal and dialectic process between local governments and citizen organizations. In this paper, we will demonstrate the process of change and how it affected planning practices in De Achterhoek, building on theories of informal institutional change and its driving forces. The empirical part of this paper draws on the results of three focus group meetings, in which a diverse set of local stakeholders discussed the effects of change they observed and how it shaped planning practices. In the final section, we reflect on the degree of institutionalization, by examining the robustness and resilience of the observed change.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 745-767
Issue: 4
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1424119
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1424119
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:26:y:2018:i:4:p:745-767




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Demetrio Muñoz Gielen
Author-X-Name-First: Demetrio
Author-X-Name-Last: Muñoz Gielen
Author-Name: Sander Lenferink
Author-X-Name-First: Sander
Author-X-Name-Last: Lenferink
Title: The role of negotiated developer obligations in financing large public infrastructure after the economic crisis in the Netherlands
Abstract: 
 The economic crisis that started in 2009 has negatively impacted in the Netherlands the available financial resources for urban development. Dutch municipalities struggle since then with falling local financial sources, especially since active public land policy, traditionally an important additional financial source, became not so profitable anymore. One supposed effect is the limited degree to which municipalities can nowadays finance public infrastructure that serves wider areas, thus more than one specific development site (i.e. ‘large’ public infrastructure). Until now, however, there are no data available that support this claim. In this paper, we explore this and the role that developer obligations can play as an alternative, compensating financial source. Developer obligations are in many countries a growing popular public value capturing instrument, but in the Netherlands, a relative new phenomenon. On the basis of surveys, interviews and policy analysis, we conclude that at least a quarter of Dutch municipalities use developer obligations to obtain financial sources for large infrastructure. This seems, however, so far not to compensate for the diminishing of other municipal financial sources. The paper ends with some speculation about the future evolvement of developer obligations in the Netherlands.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 768-791
Issue: 4
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1425376
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1425376
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:26:y:2018:i:4:p:768-791




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xabier Gainza
Author-X-Name-First: Xabier
Author-X-Name-Last: Gainza
Title: Industrial spaces for grassroots creative production: spatial, social and planning facets
Abstract: 
 Former industrial premises provide material and symbolic resources for grassroots creative production, but planning is complex as these sites are transitory and excessive intervention may stifle creativity. This paper analyses the transformations of La Ribera (Bilbao), a mixed-use peninsula waiting to be redeveloped, where, in the meantime, creative-based grassroots projects have settled. Drawing upon relevant planning documents, documentary material and interviews with key actors, the paper explores (i) the spatial and built form advantages of these spaces, (ii) their impact on neighbourhood life and (iii) the contradictions faced in the planning process. The analysis suggests that spatiality plays a critical role, but it is threatened by market pressures, local governments’ interest to encourage the city's reputation and neighbours’ mistrust for the changes they may trigger. As a result, we contend that art spaces’ institutionalization in the neighbourhood is decisive for their sustainability, but the conflicts that arise for the symbolic appropriation of space should be considered. Regarding policy, governance approaches that preserve users’ autonomy and spaces’ built form and atmospheric qualities are rather suitable responses if they are part of a comprehensive agenda that includes local socio-economic conditions and neighbours’ aspirations.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 792-811
Issue: 4
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1425377
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1425377
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Riccardo Privitera
Author-X-Name-First: Riccardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Privitera
Author-Name: Valentina Palermo
Author-X-Name-First: Valentina
Author-X-Name-Last: Palermo
Author-Name: Francesco Martinico
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco
Author-X-Name-Last: Martinico
Author-Name: Alberto Fichera
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Fichera
Author-Name: Daniele La Rosa
Author-X-Name-First: Daniele
Author-X-Name-Last: La Rosa
Title: Towards lower carbon cities: urban morphology contribution in climate change adaptation strategies
Abstract: 
 Non-urbanized areas (NUAs) play an important role in reducing the effects of climate change by providing both carbon storage and sequestration. Urban areas are responsible for the emission of 60% of global greenhouse gas, 50% of which are produced by buildings. During the past decades, increasing urban growth and sprawl processes produced several urban layouts characterized by different morphological features and a common lack of sustainable energy and environmental solutions. Investigating the relationship between urban morphology, energy demand and carbon emission/sequestration represents a relevant topic for urban planning practices implemented to face urban climate change effects. This study proposes a method for a transformability assessment aimed at investigating the transformation suitability of different urban morphology types. The case study is the metropolitan area of Catania (Italy), characterized by an impressive urban growth since the 1960s. The proposed method identification of limits and options for increasing sustainability of urban areas considering the contribution of both NUAs and built-up areas. This approach allows to identify appropriate planning tools for new layouts of urban fabrics while increasing the objectivity of the decision process. In the framework of climate change mitigation and adaptation, the outcomes of this research may lead to innovative urban planning practices.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 812-837
Issue: 4
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1426735
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1426735
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marija Maksin
Author-X-Name-First: Marija
Author-X-Name-Last: Maksin
Author-Name: Vladica Ristić
Author-X-Name-First: Vladica
Author-X-Name-Last: Ristić
Author-Name: Marina Nenković-Riznić
Author-X-Name-First: Marina
Author-X-Name-Last: Nenković-Riznić
Author-Name: Srdjan Mićić
Author-X-Name-First: Srdjan
Author-X-Name-Last: Mićić
Title: The role of zoning in the strategic planning of protected areas: lessons learnt from EU countries and Serbia
Abstract: 
 This paper aims to highlight the problems and possibilities for improving the nature protection zoning of protected areas (PA) in spatial planning. It analyses and compares the systems of spatial planning and the legal basis for protecting nature in PAs in selected EU countries and Serbia. It investigates and compares the role of nature protection zoning and the practice of spatial planning for selected European countries. The case study of a national park in each of the selected countries is used to analyse the nature protection zoning and its role in the coordination of spatial planning for PAs and their surroundings. The initial hypothesis is tested and confirmed that, regardless of differences in the planning systems of the selected European countries, the models of nature protection zoning established for PAs are defining for the coordination of planning instruments in achieving the protection and sustainable development of PAs. The lessons learnt concern the identification of similarities and differences in approaches to nature protection zoning, and their relationship with the spatial planning for PAs in six European countries. Based on these lessons and existing research, recommendations are given for improving the legal basis for the nature protection zoning and spatial planning of PAs in Serbia.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 838-872
Issue: 4
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1426736
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1426736
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Evers
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Evers
Author-Name: Joost Tennekes
Author-X-Name-First: Joost
Author-X-Name-Last: Tennekes
Title: Europe exposed: mapping the impacts of EU policies on spatial planning in the Netherlands
Abstract: 
 National laws, local traditions and practices largely define which spatial planning policies are pursued and how they are carried out. Still, like many other policy areas, an unmistakeable process of Europeanization is underway in planning. On the one hand, informal bottom-up Europeanization is occurring through the increasing interaction between scholars and practitioners and by the growing body of spatial information and analyses available at the European Union (EU) level. On the other hand, formal top-down Europeanization occurs when EU policies – competition, economic development, agriculture, nature protection, air quality, etc. – impact domestic spatial planning systems, policy and practice. In this study, we investigate this second kind of Europeanization, using the case of the Netherlands as an example. Specifically, we construct a map revealing the location of EU sectoral policy using six distinct impact types. We observed that many policies overlap and various inter-sectoral tensions (horizontal coordination) are present. The empirical analysis moreover revealed, in line with recent theoretical literature on multilevel governance, that domestic policies and practices, particularly at the national level, determine the way European policies affect planning. This finding has implications for all member states, but particularly those whose national planning is undergoing fundamental reform.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1747-1765
Issue: 10
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1183593
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1183593
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dorel N Manitiu
Author-X-Name-First: Dorel N
Author-X-Name-Last: Manitiu
Author-Name: Giulio Pedrini
Author-X-Name-First: Giulio
Author-X-Name-Last: Pedrini
Title: Urban smartness and sustainability in Europe. An  assessment of environmental, social and cultural domains
Abstract: 
 The aim of the paper is to define a set of smartness and sustainability indicators applicable to European cities and to assess their outcome in an ex ante perspective with regard to the implementation of Europe 2020 strategy. Following the DPSIR (Driving forces, Pressures, State, Impact, Response) model, we select a bundle of indicators for three relevant sustainability domains (environmental, social and cultural), which are proper to the smart city definition. Then we define groups of homogeneous cities for each domain by using a two-step cluster analysis. Results show the existence of heterogeneous groups of cities that are likely to become smart in the cultural domain, side by side with groups of more developed urban areas that have acquired a substantial advantage in the environmental and social dimensions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1766-1787
Issue: 10
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1193127
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1193127
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Magnus Bohlin
Author-X-Name-First: Magnus
Author-X-Name-Last: Bohlin
Author-Name: Daniel Brandt
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Brandt
Author-Name: Jörgen Elbe
Author-X-Name-First: Jörgen
Author-X-Name-Last: Elbe
Title: Tourism as a vehicle for regional development in peripheral areas – myth or reality? A longitudinal case study of Swedish regions
Abstract: 
 In the contemporary so-called ‘competition state era’, many rural and peripheral regions are in decline. Tourism is increasingly viewed as being able to alleviate and rejuvenate regions that are facing economic difficulties. The European Union has launched several programmes with the goal of stimulating growth and employment in peripheral areas. These programmes are often used to support tourism development projects. In this paper, a longitudinal analysis of spatial changes in Swedish tourism is conducted. The analysis is based on statistics regarding overnight stays in Swedish commercial accommodation facilities. The aim is to investigate if tourism and tourism policy contribute to the reduction in disparities between regions. Although there are exceptions, the main findings indicate that the potential for creating sustainable rural tourism growth through tourism policy seems to be much less than the popular discourse suggests.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1788-1805
Issue: 10
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1194807
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1194807
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fredriika Jakola
Author-X-Name-First: Fredriika
Author-X-Name-Last: Jakola
Title: Borders, planning and policy transfer: historical transformation of development discourses in the Finnish Torne Valley
Abstract: 
 European Union spatial policies have become a key institutional context in which to study policy transfer processes in European border areas. These policies are, however, only the most recent part of these transformation processes which raises a need for more historically sensitive approaches. An historical perspective is important, since border regions are historical processes with particular path-dependent development trajectories and power structures. This paper aims to contribute to the discussion concerning the transformation of European border regions by looking at the policy transfer of regional development discourses in the Finnish Torne Valley. The study material consists of strategic development documents produced by the Finnish border municipalities and the municipal-based co-operation organizations from the 1930s to 2013. The examination, based on critical discourse analysis, shows that the transformation process is driven by national trends and the dominant planning discourse. Nevertheless, the particular border setting and local discourse on ‘united Torne Valley’ have also intertwined with political and economic processes during different time periods.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1806-1824
Issue: 10
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1194808
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1194808
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Antoine Decoville
Author-X-Name-First: Antoine
Author-X-Name-Last: Decoville
Author-Name: Frédéric Durand
Author-X-Name-First: Frédéric
Author-X-Name-Last: Durand
Title: Building a cross-border territorial strategy between four countries: wishful thinking?
Abstract: 
 Since 2010 and the launch of the METROBORDER project, funded by ESPON, Luxembourg and the neighbouring regions in Belgium, France and Germany have pursued the objective of creating a cross-border polycentric metropolitan region. In order to achieve this goal, the political actors have decided to elaborate a cross-border territorial strategy to bring more coherence and cohesion to a cross-border region characterized by its strong functional integration, due to the very high number of cross-border commuters. This paper reflects the approach that we have followed, as external advisors, to animate the debate between the stakeholders and to provide evidence for the decision-making process. Its objective is to examine the content of this cross-border territorial strategy and to question whether such a strategy between four countries is at all possible, efficient and able to answer to challenges of cross-border integration. An analytical framework has been designed, taking into consideration different approaches of cross-border integration, in order to examine, in a critical way, the content of the cross-border strategy.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1825-1843
Issue: 10
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1195796
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1195796
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rui António Rodigues Ramos
Author-X-Name-First: Rui António Rodigues
Author-X-Name-Last: Ramos
Author-Name: Fernando Pereira Fonseca
Author-X-Name-First: Fernando Pereira
Author-X-Name-Last: Fonseca
Title: A methodology to identify a network of industrial parks in the Ave valley, Portugal
Abstract: 
 In recent decades in Europe, municipalities have promoted many poorly qualified and widespread industrial parks. These policies have caused various problems such as oversupply of industrial land, obsolescence and high vacancy rates. The future of these sites is uncertain and has become a key issue in planning. Nowadays, policies are focused on upgrading these sites and on implementing regional coordinated practices. This paper describes a methodological approach to identifying a subregional network of industrial parks in the Ave valley, Portugal. The network is based on the parks’ attractiveness and has the purpose of supporting planning policies in terms of upgrading and providing new sites. The approach was based on a multi-criteria analysis whereby the parks were ranked according to their attractiveness considering their coverage in terms of infrastructures, services and accessibility. Results show that the majority of the existing and planned parks, even if upgraded, will not be very attractive and will be limited to a municipal scale due to structural problems related to their location and poor coverage. Moreover, the paper also discusses the challenges in implementing this planning approach at a subregional level. Despite the specificities of the case study, this methodology could be adopted in similar studies.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1844-1862
Issue: 10
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1202201
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1202201
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adelheid Holl
Author-X-Name-First: Adelheid
Author-X-Name-Last: Holl
Author-Name: Ruth Rama
Author-X-Name-First: Ruth
Author-X-Name-Last: Rama
Title: Persistence of innovative activities in times of crisis: the case of the Basque Country
Abstract: 
 By drawing on a large sample of Spanish manufacturing and service sector firms, the changes in firms’ innovation expenditures that have taken place since the onset of the 2008 economic crisis are analysed, as is the relationship between such changes and the location of the company. Special focus is placed on firms in the Basque Country. Compared to other Spanish regions, the Basque Country differs in terms of its fiscal status, its earlier experience of crises, its innovation performance and its greater focus on innovation-related policies. Our results show that the impact of the crisis on firms’ innovation expenditures in the Basque Country has indeed differed from that in comparable Spanish regions. Even after controlling for sectoral differences and for detailed characteristics at the firm level, firms with R&amp;D employment in the Basque Country showed a significantly lower probability of abandoning innovation activities and even a somewhat higher probability of increasing their innovation efforts. This regional effect is especially significant for small and medium-sized enterprises.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1863-1883
Issue: 10
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1204426
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1204426
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Corrigendum
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: i-i
Issue: 10
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1215873
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1215873
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Edward Kasabov
Author-X-Name-First: Edward
Author-X-Name-Last: Kasabov
Title: Modelling life-science clusters in terms of resources and capabilities
Abstract: 
 Life-science clusters have been extensively researched; however, comprehensive models in terms of resources and capabilities appear to be rare. Such models are needed to assist the analysis of sources of success of some clusters, to distinguish successful from less successful or mature from early stage locations, and to help formulate templates for developing emerging and peripheral locations. Due to the scarcity of systemic and holistic models, a model is proposed and is empirically tested during a decade-long research programme combining separate qualitative and quantitative studies analysing four clusters: Central Scotland, Oxford, South West England and Ireland. Through successive stages of testing, the model is shown to be a reliable tool capable of assessing cluster traits and performance in terms of resources and capabilities, by uncovering systematic differences across the studied locations. The model application generates surprising findings which could not have been reached through simpler measures and which would be difficult to identify or theorize without the model. Confirmed are consistent associations across cluster resources and capabilities, outcomes, and institutional conditions. The model helps distinguish globally leading, mature clusters from peripheral, less-mature locations and assists the theorization of locations across life-cycle stages.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1884-1912
Issue: 10
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1206849
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1206849
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jessica Ferm
Author-X-Name-First: Jessica
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferm
Author-Name: Edward Jones
Author-X-Name-First: Edward
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones
Title: Mixed-use ‘regeneration’ of employment land in the post-industrial city: challenges and realities in London
Abstract: 
 This article explores the relationships between land-use planning, property and economic development, with a focus on the changing attitudes towards employment land in post-industrial cities. Drawing on case study data from two London local authorities, it finds that planning authorities are moving away from protecting employment land to actively promoting the mixed-use redevelopment of employment sites, even when there are thriving businesses on these sites and a shortage of supply of employment premises and land, relative to demand. We examine the drivers for changing policy including the national and regional policy contexts, housing targets, the influence of austerity measures, rise of Neighbourhood Planning and changing conceptions of regeneration and the role of housing therein. The article highlights the complex task faced by local planners and the tensions involved in simultaneously finding sites for housing, fostering economic development and promoting mixed-use redevelopment in planning policy and decisions. We find that changes in policy are fuelling speculation for housing development on sites occupied by viable businesses, supporting rather than responding to deindustrialization. This is leading to a gap between aspirations for delivering mixed-use environments on hitherto employment sites and realities on the ground.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1913-1936
Issue: 10
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1209465
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1209465
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Cooke
Author-X-Name-First: Philip
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke
Title: Retrospect and prospect: from a new dark age to a new dawn of planning enlightenment
Abstract: 
 This is a summary of the Editorial of the 25th Anniversary Special Issue of European Planning Studies. The editorial summarizes three representative articles from planners and economic policy actors published in 1993, the first year of publication of the journal. These write of threats and possibilities from privatized planning, from the European Single Market and the prospects for regional innovation policy. In the second part, nine papers are summarized. These range from an exegesis of the Anthropocene, the rise of populism and the transition in neoliberalist planning, and migration as a city planning issue in European cities. Other papers then analyse aspects of evolutionary change upon city and region policy and process dynamics. Finally a group of papers explore the rise of creative cities, 4.0 era industry and services and the role of &#x2018;starchitects&#x2019; in city renewal as well as 4.0 digital settlements.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1701-1713
Issue: 9
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1499429
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1499429
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Kaika
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaika
Title: Between the frog and the eagle: claiming a &#x2018;Scholarship of Presence&#x2019; for the Anthropocene
Abstract: 
 Even before officially sanctioned as a new geological epoch, the Anthropocene conquers the imaginary and is reified as awareness-raising, inspiring, universalist, capitalist-technocratic, dangerous. As critical scholarship discerns in this name-nomination an opportunity to rethink the human/more-than-human/environmental nexus, debating the Anthropocene becomes in itself more policy/politically relevant than its actual confirmation as a new geological epoch. However, the Anthropocene debate remains remarkably disembodied, engaging rarely with emerging actors and practices across the world that drive precisely the socio-ecological transformations that critical scholars advocate. Correspondingly, most actors involved in these practices are indifferent to the Anthropocene debate. And here, I argue, lies the task of academic labour: to engage in what I call a scholarship of presence; a scholarship that adds empirical weight to our theoretical musings around the Anthropocene. To do this, we need to be prepared simultaneously to explore the world like a frog and see it like an eagle; to be present locally, splashing (frog-like) into the murky waters of empirics; and to zoom-out broaden the gaze (eagle-like) from localized struggles, make comparisons and develop broader conceptual contributions. Such a scholarship of presence can be instrumental in making the Anthropocene the quilting point for articulating geographically fragmented struggles into a new ethico-aesthetic paradigm.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1714-1727
Issue: 9
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1484893
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1484893
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bob Jessop
Author-X-Name-First: Bob
Author-X-Name-Last: Jessop
Title: Neoliberalization, uneven development, and Brexit: further reflections on the organic crisis of the British state and society
Abstract: 
 Neoliberalization is a variegated series of processes with a core policy set that comprises: liberalization, deregulation, privatization, recommodification, internationalization, reductions in direct taxation, and decriminalization of predatory economic activities. Compared to the era of Atlantic Fordism and Spatial Keynesianism, neoliberalization promotes uneven development in the name of competitiveness and pursues policies that largely neglect its adverse economic, social, and political repercussions. Growing inequalities of income, wealth and life-chances have been ascending the political risk agenda and, through works such as Piketty&#x2019;s Capital in the twenty-first Century, have been &#x2018;conversationalized&#x2019;. Yet little concrete action occurs to remedy the results of uneven development in societies undergoing neoliberal regime shifts. This contribution relates these issues to Brexit as a symptom of the organic crisis of British society, marked by manifold economic, political and social crises, and the continuing failure to address uneven development. The referendum question falsely posited that Brexiting would resolve many of these problems. However, the real issue should have been &#x2018;in&#x2019; or &#x2018;out&#x2019; of neoliberalism. Failure to deliver the anticipated benefits of Brexit will interact with the continuing crisis of British society to reinforce environmental, economic, social, and political crises and provide further grounds for right-wing populist mobilization.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1728-1746
Issue: 9
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1501469
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1501469
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Manfred K&#xFC;hn
Author-X-Name-First: Manfred
Author-X-Name-Last: K&#xFC;hn
Title: Immigration strategies of cities: local growth policies and urban planning in Germany
Abstract: 
 Immigration is one of the most contentious fields in policy-making, not only on the European and national, but also on the local level. Due to the declining and ageing populations, European cities today increasingly need immigration. On the other side, right-wing populist parties are increasing, who are following an anti-migrant agenda. This paper examines the opportunities that cities have to more effectively attract migrants at the municipal level. The literature indicates that cities cannot pursue their own migration policies given their dependence on states&#x2019; migration regimes. Cities face a dilemma. They are responsible for integrating migrants but not for recruiting them. Urban growth policies and urban planning approaches often aim to attract highly skilled workers, creative classes and students. But cities have no control over the inflow of refugees, however, as they are allocated by the state. Against this backdrop, this article examines and compares the cities of Bremen and Leipzig to assess which immigration strategies German cities are developing and whether a shift from reactive integration plans to proactive immigration policies is occurring. In the conclusion, the paper reflects on factors that encourage and hinder the formulation of immigration strategies and explain the &#x2018;strategy gap&#x2019; at the local level.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1747-1762
Issue: 9
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1484428
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1484428
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Klaas Fr&#xF6;hlich
Author-X-Name-First: Klaas
Author-X-Name-Last: Fr&#xF6;hlich
Author-Name: Robert Hassink
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Hassink
Title: Regional resilience: a stretched concept?
Abstract: 
 Regional resilience has been criticized in the literature for being fuzzy. Based on that criticism one could expect it to suffer from conceptual stretching, that is that authors mean different things when they write about regional resilience. In this paper for the first time, a bibliometric analysis is presented to tackle the issue of fuzziness and stretching concerning regional resilience. With the help of that analysis, we identified three groups of research on regional resilience, urban ecology and policies (red), economic dynamics and regional evolutionary perspectives (green) and crisis management and engineering/modelling (blue). We also identified the key papers cited in these groups. In a second step, our qualitative analysis reveals that the divide between the red and green groups is not large and that the blue group is relatively isolated. Overall, the concept of regional resilience seems to be less stretched than we expected on the basis of the criticism expressed in the literature.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1763-1778
Issue: 9
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1494137
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1494137
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Franz T&#xF6;dtling
Author-X-Name-First: Franz
Author-X-Name-Last: T&#xF6;dtling
Author-Name: Michaela Trippl
Author-X-Name-First: Michaela
Author-X-Name-Last: Trippl
Title: Regional innovation policies for new path development &#x2013; beyond neo-liberal and traditional systemic views
Abstract: 
 How new regional growth paths emerge and what policy concepts are most adequate for nurturing their evolution constitute recurring themes in regional innovation and development studies. New industrial paths are often portrayed as the result of market-driven processes and Schumpeterian entrepreneurial efforts. This view goes along with a neoliberal policy approach that restricts the role of public interventions to setting up a suitable regulatory frame and supporting an entrepreneurial climate. The theoretical underpinnings and policy perspectives of this approach have been challenged by the innovation system literature, which offers a systemic view on the rise of new growth paths and advocates a more proactive role of public policy. This paper investigates the role of policy models beyond these traditional ones. We contrast different variants of systemic and multi-scalar policy concepts for new regional industrial path development. Our literature-based study shows that more recent models go beyond new path development and growth per se, paying more attention to the direction of innovation and change, and to policy approaches for achieving more sustainable forms of development. We scrutinize the theoretical and empirical bases of these new policy models and discuss why they are superior to neoliberal and older systemic ones.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1779-1795
Issue: 9
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1457140
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1457140
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fiorenza Belussi
Author-X-Name-First: Fiorenza
Author-X-Name-Last: Belussi
Title: New perspectives on the evolution of clusters
Abstract: 
 The literature on clusters is based on the seminal writings of Marshall, followed by Becattini&#x2019;s rediscovery of the concept of the &#x2018;industrial district&#x2019; and the analyses promoted during the 1980s by Porter, who highlighted the importance of geographically interconnected firms and institutions specialized in a particular field and clustered in a limited space. Although the cluster model is often described as being static and locally self-contained, various empirical studies and our analysis have pointed out the increasing involvement of cluster firms in the process of change, renewal and internationalization. In this context, several modalities may be studied within the cluster life cycle &#x2013; which proceeds from the process of multinational enterprise (MNE) entry to the development of global value chains and to the emergence of homegrown MNEs &#x2013; in addition to possible alliances between cluster firms and external MNEs. The recent entry of MNEs in clusters, as well as the phenomenon of homegrown MNEs, do not necessarily require a questioning of the cluster model per se, but they do contribute to showing how complex and interwoven the evolution of local economies is. A rich number of empirical cases will be presented in this review.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1796-1814
Issue: 9
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1492059
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1492059
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Cooke
Author-X-Name-First: Philip
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke
Title: Generative growth with &#x2018;thin&#x2019; globalization: Cambridge&#x2019;s crossover model of innovation
Abstract: 
 Changes in leading-edge urban and regional development processes and policies signify the rise of the &#x2018;Quaternary&#x2019; or 4.0 Era of economic growth. Few such spaces exist yet, but they have prodigious global reach from locations like Cambridge (as the exemplar here), Israel and Silicon Valley. Their surface spread has led to the designation &#x2018;thin globalization&#x2019; compared with &#x2018;thick&#x2019; antecedents based on manufacturing and routine services. Each displays &#x2018;post-cluster&#x2019; or &#x2018;platform&#x2019; inter-connectivity and even early signs of &#x2018;de-globalization&#x2019; via on-shoring of suppliers. Pioneers in &#x2018;crossover&#x2019; innovation 4.0 platform evolution include &#x2018;flagship&#x2019; corporations like FAGAMi (Facebook, Apple, Google, Amazon and Microsoft). These and other flagships acquire and site labs in proximity to Cambridge&#x2019;s and other university research institutes and talent. They work to what seems like a neoliberal &#x2018;Plan for the Future&#x2019; in at least three cases embedded in futuristic urban design utopias. This further advantages innovation &#x2018;microsystems&#x2019; like Cambridge and innovation &#x2018;macrosystems&#x2019; like Silicon Valley that evolve diversified &#x2018;platform-clusters&#x2019; of &#x2018;crossover&#x2019; innovations flowing from interactions among microelectronic systems, advanced mobility, machine learning, AI, robotics be mitigated healthcare. The research problem is how can such extreme uneven growth polarization and
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1815-1834
Issue: 9
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1421908
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1421908
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rhiannon Pugh
Author-X-Name-First: Rhiannon
Author-X-Name-Last: Pugh
Author-Name: Wadid Lamine
Author-X-Name-First: Wadid
Author-X-Name-Last: Lamine
Author-Name: Sarah Jack
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah
Author-X-Name-Last: Jack
Author-Name: Eleanor Hamilton
Author-X-Name-First: Eleanor
Author-X-Name-Last: Hamilton
Title: The entrepreneurial university and the region: what role for entrepreneurship departments?
Abstract: 
 This paper investigates the concept of the entrepreneurial university by examining roles of academic entrepreneurship departments in driving regional economic development outcomes. While a wealth of research investigates the role, activities and function of the entrepreneurial university, very little which focuses specifically on academic entrepreneurship departments, where much of the research, teaching and knowledge exchange concerning entrepreneurship takes place. Two case studies of large and active entrepreneurship departments are presented to illustrate the different roles and activities they undertake in the sphere of economic development in their regions or locales. A dual model of engagement is proposed, whereby the entrepreneurship department operates within the framework of the entrepreneurial university, but also as a regional actor in its own right.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1835-1855
Issue: 9
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1447551
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1447551
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luciana Lazzeretti
Author-X-Name-First: Luciana
Author-X-Name-Last: Lazzeretti
Author-Name: Stefania Oliva
Author-X-Name-First: Stefania
Author-X-Name-Last: Oliva
Title: Rethinking city transformation: Florence from art city to creative fashion city
Abstract: 
 The paper aims to contribute to the debate of the economic transformation on cities discussing the case of Florence and its evolution from &#x2018;art city&#x2019; to &#x2018;creative fashion city&#x2019;. According to the evolutionary vision of the path dependence model, the paper analyses the birth, development and establishment of the fashion industry within the city. This analysis seeks to understand if cultural and creative resources may contribute to the emergence of new trajectories or to the renewal&#xA0;&#x2013; or decline&#xA0;&#x2013; of existing ones. Results show that the existence of an endowment of cultural and creative assets and a base of knowledge and competences historically related to the artisanal tradition foster the creation of a fashion cluster. Despite the specificities of the case, the paper may give some insights of risks and opportunities related to rethinking the local economic transformation following a cultural-led and creativity-oriented approach.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1856-1873
Issue: 9
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1478951
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1478951
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nadia Alaily-Mattar
Author-X-Name-First: Nadia
Author-X-Name-Last: Alaily-Mattar
Author-Name: Dominik Bartmanski
Author-X-Name-First: Dominik
Author-X-Name-Last: Bartmanski
Author-Name: Johannes Dreher
Author-X-Name-First: Johannes
Author-X-Name-Last: Dreher
Author-Name: Michael Koch
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Koch
Author-Name: Martina L&#xF6;w
Author-X-Name-First: Martina
Author-X-Name-Last: L&#xF6;w
Author-Name: Timothy Pape
Author-X-Name-First: Timothy
Author-X-Name-Last: Pape
Author-Name: Alain Thierstein
Author-X-Name-First: Alain
Author-X-Name-Last: Thierstein
Title: Situating architectural performance: &#x2018;star architecture&#x2019; and its roles in repositioning the cities of Graz, Lucerne and Wolfsburg
Abstract: 
 Since the opening of the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao in 1997, the topic of how &#x2018;star architecture&#x2019; plays a decisive role in urban regeneration has been discussed in academic debates as well as in the media. Efforts to emulate the so-called Bilbao effect followed internationally. However, not every city that commissions the design of a public cultural building to a star architect seeks to replicate that effect. This overarching narrative has nevertheless constituted a powerful background representation. This paper discusses the supposed replicability of the &#x2018;effect&#x2019;. The aim is to emphasize relational situatedness and plurality of roles of star architecture as a device of urban regeneration. The process of repositioning of a city does not necessarily follow the logic of international economic competition. When it comes to medium-sized cities, we observe that they aim at distinction within a specific field, in their nation-state, or try to reinvent their internal dynamics. This process can have expressive and symbolic, not merely instrumental character, and be understood as more of a socio-cultural performance rather than a purely economic investment. We juxtapose three empirical cases to illustrate the argument: Kunsthaus in Graz, Culture and Congress Centre Lucerne and Phaeno Science Centre in Wolfsburg.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1874-1900
Issue: 9
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1465896
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1465896
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Corrigendum
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1901-1901
Issue: 9
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1491125
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1491125
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlo Salone
Author-X-Name-First: Carlo
Author-X-Name-Last: Salone
Author-Name: Sara Bonini Baraldi
Author-X-Name-First: Sara
Author-X-Name-Last: Bonini Baraldi
Author-Name: Giangavino Pazzola
Author-X-Name-First: Giangavino
Author-X-Name-Last: Pazzola
Title: Cultural production in peripheral urban spaces: lessons from Barriera, Turin (Italy)
Abstract: 
 Practices of cultural production within a peripheral urban neighbourhood can contribute to foster the sense of place, community belonging and local collective action. Starting from a critical perspective on the interconnections between cultural practices and urban regeneration, and developing on the concept of place-making, the paper has two main purposes: to investigate the nature of embeddedness of these practices and explore the ways of self-organization of cultural actors and their relationships with public policies. The case study concerns ‘Barriera di Milano’, a large peripheral area in Turin (Italy), formerly one of the most industrialized zones of the city. Over the past few years, and particularly after the real-estate bubble burst of 2007–2008, in Barriera a lively concentration of initiatives of culture has been taking place, redefining the urban and social space. These initiatives seem to be innovative for many reasons: firstly, while demonstrating a peculiar but significant embeddedness in the neighbourhood, they are mostly self-generated; secondly, the institutional assets, the economic self-sufficiency and the low degree of connection among initiatives support new forms of citizenship and place-making based on a ‘not-for-profit entrepreneurship’.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2117-2137
Issue: 12
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1327033
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1327033
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Markus Bugge
Author-X-Name-First: Markus
Author-X-Name-Last: Bugge
Author-Name: Lars Coenen
Author-X-Name-First: Lars
Author-X-Name-Last: Coenen
Author-Name: Pedro Marques
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro
Author-X-Name-Last: Marques
Author-Name: Kevin Morgan
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin
Author-X-Name-Last: Morgan
Title: Governing system innovation: assisted living experiments in the UK and Norway
Abstract: 
 Debates on how to address societal challenges have moved to the forefront of academic and policy concerns. Of particular importance is the growing awareness that to deal with issues such as ageing, it will be necessary to implement concerted efforts on technological, social, institutional or political fronts. Drawing on a number of theoretical perspectives – including socio-technical transitions and embedded state theory – the aim of this paper is to identify and understand different approaches to the governance of such system innovations by comparing state responses to assisted living in two contrasting national systems of care, namely that of the UK and Norway. Its findings highlight that state-supported and funded experimentation projects have been instrumental in designing and implementing system innovation: through their emphasis on co-design and co-creation, these projects demonstrated the value of early implementation pilots to explore the ‘fit’ between novel technologies and prevailing practices and institutional structures in national systems of care. Still, competition, biases or conflicting interests should not be ignored between well-established agents and institutions and experimental solutions whose efficacy remains relatively untested and which involve a combination of new technical, social, organizational and institutional solutions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2138-2156
Issue: 12
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1349078
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1349078
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Štěpán Nosek
Author-X-Name-First: Štěpán
Author-X-Name-Last: Nosek
Title: Territorial cohesion storylines in 2014–2020 Cohesion Policy
Abstract: 
 The purpose of this paper is to elaborate the concept of territorial cohesion in the context of 2014–2020 Cohesion Policy. The main goal is to investigate how European Union (EU) Member States (MSs) are coping with territoriality in their policies and to assess whether they are only fulfilling the minimum standards of a place-based approach or whether they are moving towards a new paradigm of policy-making characterized by a more territorially sensitive approach. This paper analyses Partnership Agreements which were signed between the European Commission and EU MSs and identifies the perception of territorial cohesion in the Cohesion Policy in the programming period 2014–2020. The analysis shows that different MSs choose different ways of addressing territoriality of their policies. It is thus possible to categorize countries into several groups sharing similar features and to discuss underlying ideas and approaches, which could shed some light on the still rather fuzzy concept of territorial cohesion.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2157-2174
Issue: 12
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1349079
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1349079
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Falk
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Falk
Author-Name: Eva Hagsten
Author-X-Name-First: Eva
Author-X-Name-Last: Hagsten
Title: Measuring the impact of the European Capital of Culture programme on overnight stays: evidence for the last two decades
Abstract: 
 This study explores the effects of the European Capital of Culture (ECoC) on tourism demand, measured as overnight stays, for the years 1998–2014. The analysis includes 34 ECoC hosts and makes use of data on approximately 800 European cities. A difference-in-differences propensity score matching estimator shows that hosting the ECoC leads to an increase in overnight stays of 8% on average during the year of the event but does not stimulate tourism demand in subsequent years. To account for deviations in the distribution of tourism inflows between ECoC and other cities, the quantile difference-in-differences estimator is used. This leads to similar but somewhat stronger results, especially for the year of the event and for the year after. Separate estimations of ECoC hosts reveal that there is a certain degree of heterogeneity in the effect. Long-term impacts can only be observed for a small group of cities (Essen, Guimarães, Salamanca and Tallinn).
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2175-2191
Issue: 12
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1349738
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1349738
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sophie C. Rudolf
Author-X-Name-First: Sophie C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Rudolf
Author-Name: Simona R. Grădinaru
Author-X-Name-First: Simona R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Grădinaru
Author-Name: Anna M. Hersperger
Author-X-Name-First: Anna M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hersperger
Title: Impact of planning mandates on local plans: a multi-method assessment
Abstract: 
 An increasing number of subnational government bodies mandate municipalities to establish a vision for their future development with a local plan. Outside the U.S., few studies have assessed whether these mandates succeed at increasing formal quality, policy focus and implementation of local plans. In addition, the reasons that prompt governments to impose mandates remain unclear. To tackle these issues, we used a multi-method approach combining interviews, plan content analysis and questionnaires to compare mandated and voluntary planning in Switzerland. Our analysis reveals that mandates only have limited impact on local plans. In particular, they do not produce higher quality plans than voluntary planning and do not improve implementation of policies. Our results may imply that (a) planning mandates from subnational governments are ineffective in general or (b) Swiss mandates in particular entail too few requirements and enforcement mechanisms to show a clear effect. Further studies could explore this issue empirically by comparing the characteristics of different planning mandates and assessing their effect on the quality and implementation of local plans. Alternatively, future research efforts could also examine how to find a compromise between mandated and voluntary planning in order to increase local commitment towards plan making.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2192-2211
Issue: 12
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1353592
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1353592
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Inge Hooijen
Author-X-Name-First: Inge
Author-X-Name-Last: Hooijen
Author-Name: Christoph Meng
Author-X-Name-First: Christoph
Author-X-Name-Last: Meng
Author-Name: Julia Reinold
Author-X-Name-First: Julia
Author-X-Name-Last: Reinold
Author-Name: Melissa Siegel
Author-X-Name-First: Melissa
Author-X-Name-Last: Siegel
Title: Competition for talent: retaining graduates in the Euregio Meuse-Rhine
Abstract: 
 Graduates are considered a convenient source of human capital in today’s knowledge-based economy. It is therefore crucial to understand what drives their mobility intentions to retain larger numbers of graduates. This is particularly true for peripheral regions, which need to compete with economic centres that are assumed to be more attractive. This paper adds a euregional perspective to the existing literature on graduate migration by investigating whether or not students intend to stay in the Euregio Meuse-Rhine (EMR) after graduation. It takes into account the role of hard and soft locational factors, social factors as well as individual characteristics in shaping future graduates’ mobility preferences. Using survey data from 2015 from five higher education institutions in the EMR, this paper finds that mobility intentions are determined by students’ perceptions of the quality of life, openness and career opportunities in the euroregion. In addition, distance to the partner and other social ties such as family and friends influence migration intentions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2212-2231
Issue: 12
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1354976
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1354976
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Erik Ronnle
Author-X-Name-First: Erik
Author-X-Name-Last: Ronnle
Title: Planners’ analysis and opportunism – benefit analysis in the Swedish HSR-project: a preliminary analysis
Abstract: 
 The dominating form of analysis in the transport sector is cost–benefit analysis (CBA). This study investigates the purpose and use of an alternative analysis intended to complement CBA in the Swedish high-speed rail project. According to CBA calculations, the project is heavily unprofitable. While some politicians called for project termination, the project leadership launched an alternative benefit analysis that calculated only benefits (disregarding costs). This was intended to be a basis for decision making on station localization and financing agreements, but it was quickly downplayed due to its methodological inconsistencies. However, the project leadership still used the identified benefits opportunistically as a counterweight to the negative CBA results. They also engaged local-level civil servants and politicians in making the reports. This built political momentum and made the local-level civil servants and politicians adopt the mindset of the project. This study shows how a methodologically flawed analysis is used for political manoeuvring. From a scientific CBA perspective, this is alarming, but from a political perspective it is not surprising. The findings echo earlier research showing that analysis for decision making is often used for political purposes. The results suggest that future research should consider how opportunism in alternative benefit analysis can be limited.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2232-2249
Issue: 12
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1355354
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1355354
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paweł Gajewski
Author-X-Name-First: Paweł
Author-X-Name-Last: Gajewski
Author-Name: Grzegorz Tchorek
Author-X-Name-First: Grzegorz
Author-X-Name-Last: Tchorek
Title: What drives export performance of firms in Eastern and Western Poland?
Abstract: 
 We use a unique firm-level survey dataset that draws from the EFIGE (European Firms in a Global Economy) questionnaire to unveil differences in factors driving export performance in the most structurally diverse areas of Poland. While conventional results regarding the role of size, foreign ownership and innovation activity are confirmed at the aggregate level, the picture breaks down when Western and Eastern macroregions are extracted. Our results suggest that the common perception of a more developed West (Poland ‘A’) and a backward East (Poland ‘B’) might be outdated. Rather, firms in both regions seem to follow distinct strategies for and have dissimilar success factors in competing internationally. Interestingly, export performance in the East is found to benefit from family ties in business, but also from product innovation and non-price competitiveness. In the West, it is associated mostly with size and foreign ownership. Overall, our results, on the one hand, add support to the ‘new’ new trade theory and the ‘new’ new economic geography’s premises related to the importance of microeconomic factors and, on the other, contribute to the discussion on the pattern of regional development in Poland. We also discuss some implications for policymakers and managers and suggest directions for further research.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2250-2271
Issue: 12
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1355890
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1355890
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tan Yigitcanlar
Author-X-Name-First: Tan
Author-X-Name-Last: Yigitcanlar
Author-Name: Ingi Runar Edvardsson
Author-X-Name-First: Ingi Runar
Author-X-Name-Last: Edvardsson
Author-Name: Hjalti Johannesson
Author-X-Name-First: Hjalti
Author-X-Name-Last: Johannesson
Author-Name: Md Kamruzzaman
Author-X-Name-First: Md
Author-X-Name-Last: Kamruzzaman
Author-Name: Giuseppe Ioppolo
Author-X-Name-First: Giuseppe
Author-X-Name-Last: Ioppolo
Author-Name: Surabhi Pancholi
Author-X-Name-First: Surabhi
Author-X-Name-Last: Pancholi
Title: Knowledge-based development dynamics in less favoured regions: insights from Australian and Icelandic university towns
Abstract: 
 Knowledge-based development (KBD) is a widely practiced policy and is signified as an effective development approach particularly for the metropolitan city-region context. Even though, increasing recognition of this policy resulted in some initiatives in less favoured regions – such as regional university towns – its appropriateness for this context has not been investigated adequately. This paper explores the concept thoroughly in regional university town settings from the lens of the triple-helix model – a critical element for success in KBD. The study aims to broaden our understanding on the challenges of implementing a successful triple-helix model in regional university towns by providing evidence from different country contexts – Australia and Iceland. The methodology of the comparative case investigation incorporates policy and stakeholder perception analyses. Results reveal the journey of the investigated cases, their limited accomplishments and failure factors. Findings shed light on the developmental challenges of regional university towns by highlighting critical issues relating to suitability, appropriate implementation and effectiveness of the KBD policy.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2272-2292
Issue: 12
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1358699
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1358699
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alexander Paulsson
Author-X-Name-First: Alexander
Author-X-Name-Last: Paulsson
Author-Name: Jens Hylander
Author-X-Name-First: Jens
Author-X-Name-Last: Hylander
Author-Name: Robert Hrelja
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Hrelja
Title: One for all, or all for oneself? Governance cultures in regional public transport planning
Abstract: 
 Due to the fragmented organizational landscape characterizing public transport, it is important to study and explore how regional governance of public transport adapts to national institutional reforms. By employing the term ‘governance cultures’ to a comparative case study of regional public transport planning in Sweden, we contribute to theories of governance by cultural sensitization. Combining governance theory with cultural analysis, we apply a cultural perspective to understand the two cases. We conclude that public transport planning in the Stockholm region is defined by ‘negotiations’ between stakeholders, whereas in the Västra Götaland region it is characterized by a governance culture of ‘collaboration’. The evidence from our case studies emphasizes the importance of understanding local governance practices as situated in cultural contexts as well as of viewing governance cultures as an important factor affecting the purpose, degree and outcomes of collaboration in planning practices.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2293-2308
Issue: 12
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1362376
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1362376
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dominik Santner
Author-X-Name-First: Dominik
Author-X-Name-Last: Santner
Title: Proximity and modes of innovation – evidence from two agricultural engineering industries in north-west Germany
Abstract: 
 Recently, policymakers realized the important role of traditional industries for regional development. However, traditional policies of the last decades mainly focussed on science-intensive high-tech industries. Therefore, it is important to understand, how traditional industries innovate and renew themselves. One of the most notable recent strands of literature distinguishing between the characteristics of high- and low-tech industries is the one on modes of innovation. However, another very important approach related to innovation and regional development, the proximity literature, has only partly discussed in relation to innovation modes. This paper seeks to contribute to this issue by focussing on two traditional agricultural engineering industries from north-western Germany that experienced processes of renewal in the first years of the twenty-first century. It is shown that these industries followed very different developments and utilized different forms of proximities in this process in very specific ways.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 877-894
Issue: 5
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1427700
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1427700
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel Gabaldón-Estevan
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Gabaldón-Estevan
Author-Name: Liney Manjarrés-Henríquez
Author-X-Name-First: Liney
Author-X-Name-Last: Manjarrés-Henríquez
Author-Name: F. Xavier Molina-Morales
Author-X-Name-First: F. Xavier
Author-X-Name-Last: Molina-Morales
Title: An analysis of the Spanish ceramic tile industry research contracts and patents
Abstract: 
 In this work, we apply a systemic approach to the analysis of a particular geographic territory, the industrial district. We are particularly interested in analysing the interaction between the productive-technological environment and the scientific environment by an examination of research contracts and patents. Our analysis shows that R&amp;D activity in the Spanish ceramic tile District Innovation System was mainly conducted by suppliers. Final producers’ innovation efforts were related to non-technological aspects and differentiation.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 895-914
Issue: 5
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1427701
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1427701
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: José León García-Rodríguez
Author-X-Name-First: José León
Author-X-Name-Last: García-Rodríguez
Author-Name: Carlos Castilla-Gutiérrez
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Castilla-Gutiérrez
Author-Name: Francisco J. García-Rodríguez
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco J.
Author-X-Name-Last: García-Rodríguez
Title: Internal borders and external factors in outermost island regions. The case of the Canary Islands
Abstract: 
 The defining element of island regions is their isolation, the separation of the islands from the mainland; there is an inherent notion of natural border. This condition has preserved ecosystems and protected against outside threats, stimulating ‘coevolution’ between man and the environment, a fundamental ingredient of sustainability. But insularity also means the evident added costs of access to markets which, together with territorial limits and the scarcity of basic resources, especially on small islands, hinders their socioeconomic development. These costs are even greater in the case of outlying islands, which suffer from a ‘double insularity’ in the form of both external and internal borders. For this reason, it is common for governments to establish various forms of support, from tax exemptions to the creation of permanent aid funds, like those implemented by the European Union for the outermost regions. This article discusses these aspects in the case of the Canary Islands, an example of a European outermost island region. The findings show that the support measures have not always been favourable for all the islands.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1028-1040
Issue: 5
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1428532
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1428532
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eva Purkarthofer
Author-X-Name-First: Eva
Author-X-Name-Last: Purkarthofer
Title: Diminishing borders and conflating spaces: a storyline to promote soft planning scales
Abstract: 
 At the latest since the argumentative turn, the crucial importance of language, narratives and discourses in the field of planning and policy-making is widely acknowledged. This can be particularly important for European spatial planning, for which the European Union (EU) does not have any formal competence. Thus, instead of enacting directives or regulations, the EU and its member states release legally non-binding documents, which contain ideas and objectives relevant to planning. In these documents, certain storylines can be identified, for example, regarding sustainability, balanced development and competitiveness. This article argues that there is another storyline, advocating the reduction of borders and the creation of new, soft spaces across Europe, such as city regions, cross-border regions or macro-regions. If picked up by national or sub-national actors, this storyline can play a crucial role in contributing to establish the legitimacy that soft spaces often lack. Based on empirical findings from the city region of Graz in Austria, the article aims to identify the elements of a discourse coalition, i.e. what the EU does to support soft spaces, who the actors reproducing the storyline are and how the storyline supports soft planning in practice.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1008-1027
Issue: 5
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1430750
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1430750
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Annica Kronsell
Author-X-Name-First: Annica
Author-X-Name-Last: Kronsell
Author-Name: Dalia Mukhtar-Landgren
Author-X-Name-First: Dalia
Author-X-Name-Last: Mukhtar-Landgren
Title: Experimental governance: the role of municipalities in urban living labs
Abstract: 
 Innovations in urban governance such as Urban Living Labs (ULL) are expected to accelerate the transition towards more sustainable and climate-resilient cities. This article reviews different ULL across Europe and explores the role and potential capacity of municipalities in the development of and/or facilitation of ULL as a form of experimental governance. It focuses on the role of the public sector in the multi-actor collaborations that often characterize experimental governance. The article draws on literature on cities in sustainability, climate and environmental governance, and bridges this with political science literature on governance. Based on institutional theory that emphasizes roles, identities, and perceived and actual acting space, three functional roles for the municipality are singled out – promoter, enabler and partner – in a framework with a set of indicators that are used to analyse 50 case studies of ULL (http://www.urbanlivinglabs.net). The aim is to advance knowledge on how municipalities can facilitate urban sustainability through experimental governance.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 988-1007
Issue: 5
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1435631
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1435631
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Grzegorz Masik
Author-X-Name-First: Grzegorz
Author-X-Name-Last: Masik
Title: An agency perspective of resilience: the case of Pomorskie region
Abstract: 
 This article starts with a discussion on four metaphors and four research fields of resilience. Special attention has been paid to the evolutionary approach of resilience and the agency perspective within it. Next, the author demonstrated a critical view of the concept including the role of state and social capital. Using a qualitative method of research, key determinants and policies which protected Poland, the only country which was protected in the European Union from recession, were identified. The identified determinants and policies are balance of international trade, weakening of the Polish currency, supporting competitiveness, countercyclical fiscal policy, conservative banking policy and flexible labour policy. The inflow of European funds and a high level of consumption have helped to overcome negative consequences of the crisis as well. The paper then includes a description of the structural aspects of Pomorskie region in Poland. Strategies for small businesses and those implemented on the labour market proved to be effective in short and medium spans. Also, diversification of economy and export, cost competitiveness, availability of patient capital, social capital and the role of human agents were found to be significant to response to the crisis and in the region’s resilience building.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1060-1077
Issue: 5
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1436700
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1436700
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Camilla Chlebna
Author-X-Name-First: Camilla
Author-X-Name-Last: Chlebna
Author-Name: James Simmie
Author-X-Name-First: James
Author-X-Name-Last: Simmie
Title: New technological path creation and the role of institutions in different geo-political spaces
Abstract: 
 This paper analyses the roles of institutions in facilitating or impeding the creation of new technological pathways in different countries. It is argued that the successful invention, innovation and diffusion of new technologies require the co-evolution of relevant institutions. It is argued that informal institutions, through their impact on people’s beliefs, perceptions and consequential behaviour, crucially influence whether formal institutions co-evolve with technological development and changing circumstances. At the same time, the rigidity of the pre-existing formal institutional arrangements impacts on whether agents can stimulate their co-evolution with the introduction of new technologies. These arguments are explored by comparing the creation of new wind power technologies in Britain and Germany since the 1970s.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 969-987
Issue: 5
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1441380
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1441380
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Seamus Grimes
Author-X-Name-First: Seamus
Author-X-Name-Last: Grimes
Title: Asian Century … on a knife-edge: a 360 degree analysis of Asia’s recent economic development
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1078-1079
Issue: 5
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1446781
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1446781
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Hassink
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Hassink
Author-Name: Yong-Sook Lee
Author-X-Name-First: Yong-Sook
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee
Title: Exploring international film festivals from a co-evolutionary perspective: the cases of Berlin and Busan compared
Abstract: 
 In the past two decades, the number of international film festivals strongly increased. As a research topic, however, these festivals have received little attention within economic geography and regional studies. The aim of this comparative paper is to explore the institutional history and impact on local economic development of two international film festivals, namely Berlin and Busan, from a co-evolutionary perspective. Based on qualitative empirical fieldwork done in Busan and Berlin we draw two conclusions. First, different institutional structures have led to different ways of success. However, Busan’s less stable and tenser institutional configuration may negatively affect the festival in the near future. Secondly, in both cities the festival affects the local economy, albeit in different ways.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 933-949
Issue: 5
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1446912
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1446912
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lucinda David
Author-X-Name-First: Lucinda
Author-X-Name-Last: David
Title: Agency and resilience in the time of regional economic crisis
Abstract: 
 Using a comparative case study on the closure of the research and development facilities of a pharmaceutical company in two regions in Sweden, this paper investigates the emergence of regional economic resilience from an agency perspective. Findings include a networked region engendering agency from non-state actors whilst substantial state intervention is needed to facilitate agency from a less networked region. The paper finds broad confirmation that interactions of actors are due to how a region is organized and the contingencies of its institutional context. Collective agency depends on the ability of actors to align interests and coalesce agendas which, as shown by the two cases, can be based on shared regional affinity as in the case of Södertälje or innovation strategies as in the case of Lund. Regional economic crises bring forth conditions and impetus for temporary modes of cooperation that mobilize resources to launch adaptive resilience strategies. Conflicts in resource distributions or operational complexity make developing agency-based resilience challenging. Emergent regional outcomes from agency-based resilience from these two cases exhibit adaptation with the potential for adaptability in Lund, and adaptability with degrees of adaptation in Södertälje.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1041-1059
Issue: 5
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1448754
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1448754
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tommi Inkinen
Author-X-Name-First: Tommi
Author-X-Name-Last: Inkinen
Author-Name: Maria Merisalo
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Merisalo
Author-Name: Teemu Makkonen
Author-X-Name-First: Teemu
Author-X-Name-Last: Makkonen
Title: Variations in the adoption and willingness to use e-services in three differentiated urban areas
Abstract: 
 This study analyses electronic service (e-service) adoption in regards to socio-spatial dynamics. Conceptually the paper focuses on the interrelations of both private and public e-services and on the influence that demographic variables have on e-service adoption. To empirically engage in this discussion the study uses segmented residential areas representing different socio-spatial characteristics; namely ‘city center’, ‘high-income suburban’ area, and ‘lower-income suburban’ area. With data from an extensive postal survey and standard statistical methods for analyzing survey data the paper shows the extent of existing differentiation in e-service use between genders and according to age, education and income, as well as spatial differences between the studied residential areas. The study results, thus, clearly indicate that the e-service use has still statistically differentiated user profiles, particularly if it is considered in a spatial setting. The paper concludes by addressing directions for the future research.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 950-968
Issue: 5
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1448756
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1448756
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giulio Carli
Author-X-Name-First: Giulio
Author-X-Name-Last: Carli
Author-Name: Andrea Morrison
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea
Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison
Title: On the evolution of the Castel Goffredo hosiery cluster: a life cycle perspective
Abstract: 
 The ‘life cycle’ approach has become popular in studies on industrial clusters. However, some concerns have been raised over the inherent determinism of this approach and its tendencies to focus exclusively on cluster internal dynamics while neglecting the role of external factors and socio-economic contingencies. This paper addresses these criticisms by investigating the long-term development of Castel Goffredo, a traditional textile cluster in Italy. In our analysis, we identify and characterize the main stages of the life cycle and its antecedents. We single out the main triggering factors behind each of these stages and show that a variety of factors, both external and internal to the cluster, contributed to its development. Our findings confirm that an ‘adaptive’ cycle approach, which focuses also on contingencies and external factors, appear to be appropriate for investigating the long-term evolution of clusters.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 915-932
Issue: 5
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1448757
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1448757
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zoltán Bakucs
Author-X-Name-First: Zoltán
Author-X-Name-Last: Bakucs
Author-Name: Imre Fertő
Author-X-Name-First: Imre
Author-X-Name-Last: Fertő
Author-Name: Ágnes Varga
Author-X-Name-First: Ágnes
Author-X-Name-Last: Varga
Author-Name: Zsófia Benedek
Author-X-Name-First: Zsófia
Author-X-Name-Last: Benedek
Title: Impact of European Union development subsidies on Hungarian regions
Abstract: 
 Since the collapse of the communist system, regional inequalities have increased in Central European Countries. This paper describes an assessment of the impacts of regional development programmes on the development of Hungarian regions at a highly disaggregated level between 2002 and 2008. We construct a multi-dimensional composite indicator to estimate the overall development of rural regions and capture social, economic and environmental dimensions. The impacts of rural development programmes were investigated through counterfactual analysis in combination with Propensity Score Matching and Difference-in-Differences approaches. There has been considerable variation with increasing concentration in the level of subsidies distributed during the analysed period. From a policy perspective, the results are disappointing. Irrespective of the subsidy measures or methodology employed, the impact of the former is very close to zero or non-significant. Our findings cast serious doubt on the effectiveness of development policy and the long-run convergence of European regions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1121-1136
Issue: 6
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1437394
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1437394
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tugce Sanli
Author-X-Name-First: Tugce
Author-X-Name-Last: Sanli
Author-Name: Tim Townshend
Author-X-Name-First: Tim
Author-X-Name-Last: Townshend
Title: Hegemonic power relations in real practices of spatial planning: the case of Turkey
Abstract: 
 There is a wide gap between planning ideology and planning practice in some regimes. In planning practice, contextual differences and traditional practices affect urban spatial configurations and their related societal dimensions, and also influence the legislative and administrative systems that dictate the process and production of the built environment. This is linked to situations where hidden practices and power relations among key actors may limit democratic participation in the planning process and challenge ethical practice. This paper focuses on the emerging traditions of planning practice in Turkey. We argue that by understanding the role(s) of the key actors in the process and investigating approval processes in detail, it can become evident that planning ‘on the ground’ is often tokenistic and circumvented by hegemonic power relations and tactical actions. These latter in turn side-step a requirement for democratic participation and encourage a ‘loosening’ of planning ethics.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1242-1268
Issue: 6
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1448755
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1448755
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paulo Caldas
Author-X-Name-First: Paulo
Author-X-Name-Last: Caldas
Author-Name: Brian Dollery
Author-X-Name-First: Brian
Author-X-Name-Last: Dollery
Author-Name: Rui Cunha Marques
Author-X-Name-First: Rui Cunha
Author-X-Name-Last: Marques
Title: European Cohesion Policy impact on development and convergence: a local empirical analysis in Portugal between 2000 and 2014
Abstract: 
 Substantial European Structural and Investment Funds (ESIF) monies have been directed at regional economic and social development in Portugal in which Portuguese local government plays a vital role. Given the magnitude of funding, an important question turns on the effect of the ESIF on overall local authority performance. This paper focuses on the impact of the ESIF on Portuguese municipality performance and development. In particular, it investigates whether the ESIF improved the performance of Portuguese local government and which factors best explain its effect on municipality development. The analysis considers all 308 Portuguese local authorities for the period 2000–2014. Various policy implications flowing from the empirical results of this analysis are explored.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1081-1098
Issue: 6
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1449815
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1449815
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gidon S. Jakar
Author-X-Name-First: Gidon S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Jakar
Author-Name: Eran Razin
Author-X-Name-First: Eran
Author-X-Name-Last: Razin
Author-Name: Mark S. Rosentraub
Author-X-Name-First: Mark S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Rosentraub
Author-Name: Gillad Rosen
Author-X-Name-First: Gillad
Author-X-Name-Last: Rosen
Title: Sport facility development: municipal capital and shutting out the private sector
Abstract: 
 Regime theory provides a framework for exploring changes in development patterns and internal dynamics of growth coalitions. Academic debates on sport and urban development have focused on large American and European markets, where such venues are increasingly led by urban regimes that aim to leverage public goals through private investment. Based on a detailed qualitative analysis of four projects in three major Israeli cities, this work examines a different typology of sport venue development – ‘public regime’, which operates in a small market context. The Israeli public regime neither allows the private sector to assume central roles in the design, development and operation of venues nor does it stimulate real estate development anchored by the venue. The assumption that professional sports is not a viable business in small markets is used to justify the public monopoly that regards the venues as public amenities, legitimizing the lack of strategic and business plans, producing benefits for the local political elite but doing little to stabilize professional sport and secure economic returns for the public. The more affluent city of Tel Aviv demonstrates a breakout from a pure public regime, where public control is retained but more business-oriented considerations are incorporated.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1222-1241
Issue: 6
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1451826
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1451826
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: José Luis Molina
Author-X-Name-First: José Luis
Author-X-Name-Last: Molina
Author-Name: Luis Martínez-Cháfer
Author-X-Name-First: Luis
Author-X-Name-Last: Martínez-Cháfer
Author-Name: Francesc Xavier Molina-Morales
Author-X-Name-First: Francesc Xavier
Author-X-Name-Last: Molina-Morales
Author-Name: Miranda J. Lubbers
Author-X-Name-First: Miranda J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Lubbers
Title: Industrial districts and migrant enclaves: a model of interaction
Abstract: 
 So far, the relationship between Industrial Districts (IDs; clusters of interconnected local industries) and migrant enclaves (areas with a high concentration of international migrants from a single nationality) has been studied mostly by focusing on the emergence of ‘ethnic enclave economies’ within the district and/or by highlighting racist conflicts that achieved notoriety in the media. In this study, we contend that there is a more general and complex interaction between the two phenomena. This interaction is mediated by the local context, national regulations, and the organization of the international market, among other factors. By focusing on the case of the ceramic ID of Castelló de la Plana (Spain), we show how this ID with a high rate of job formality, combined with other job opportunities and a unique ‘institutional completeness’, set up the conditions for a non-conflictive Romanian migrant enclave that reached 14% of the town’s total population in 2012. Finally, and also considering another case study of ID and migrant enclave (Prato, and its Chinese enclave), we suggest a model of interaction that should be interpreted taking into account the general dynamics of the international organization of value and the requirements of flexibility and reduction of costs that frame IDs.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1160-1180
Issue: 6
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1455808
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1455808
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Tsiapa
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsiapa
Author-Name: Dimitris Kallioras
Author-X-Name-First: Dimitris
Author-X-Name-Last: Kallioras
Author-Name: Nickolaos G. Tzeremes
Author-X-Name-First: Nickolaos G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tzeremes
Title: The role of path-dependence in the resilience of EU regions
Abstract: 
 The paper studies the role of path-dependence in the resilience of EU regions. Particularly, employing a nonparametric analysis, the paper demonstrates that historical adjustments of EU regions materialized by productivity improvements, primarily in the manufacturing sector and incidentally in the sectors of construction, financial and non-market services, during the period 1995–2008 secured high(er) levels of regional resilience during the economic crisis period 2008–2013. Such a finding provides implications not only for theory but also for policy. Policies aiming at boosting regional productivity and competitiveness, which through a positive regional performance of high growth rates is concealed, a well-structured and robust production restructuring, might affect regional resilience in a way that shields regional economies not only from current imbalances but also from any future downturns.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1099-1120
Issue: 6
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1458284
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1458284
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dirk Dohse
Author-X-Name-First: Dirk
Author-X-Name-Last: Dohse
Author-Name: Dirk Fornahl
Author-X-Name-First: Dirk
Author-X-Name-Last: Fornahl
Author-Name: Julian Vehrke
Author-X-Name-First: Julian
Author-X-Name-Last: Vehrke
Title: Fostering place-based innovation and internationalization – the new turn in German technology policy
Abstract: 
 Since the mid-1990s German technology policy has experienced a paradigmatic shift from standard grant schemes towards a region-oriented and competition-based R&amp;D policy. Currently, a new policy experiment, the InterClust contest, is under way, trying to simultaneously foster place-based innovation, R&amp;D internationalization and the internationalization of innovative places. The current paper analyses the new policy, relating it to the recent literatures on heterogeneous firms and on cluster-life cycles, and presents results from a firm survey performed in 21 winner regions of InterClust. Findings show that the new funding scheme takes insights from recent theoretical developments into account and addresses important impediments to firm and cluster internationalization. Although it is too early for an overall assessment, it is argued that the long-term impact will critically depend on the inflow of heterogeneous knowledge and the strength of intra-regional mobilization effects.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1137-1159
Issue: 6
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1458285
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1458285
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:26:y:2018:i:6:p:1137-1159




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Naja Marot
Author-X-Name-First: Naja
Author-X-Name-Last: Marot
Author-Name: Mojca Golobič
Author-X-Name-First: Mojca
Author-X-Name-Last: Golobič
Title: Delivering a national spatial development strategy: a success story?
Abstract: 
 The Slovenian national planning policy has been in a renewal process since 2014. The process required an evaluation to reveal to which level the defined measures have been delivered and discuss the policy’s future role. The mixed-methods evaluation approach consisted of a document analysis, a questionnaire with local communities and interviews with representatives of the ministries. Implementation of measures depends on multiple factors: capacity, personal priorities of actors, interpretation skills, financial support, political will for co-operation, etc. The potential to mitigate the influence of factors on implementation through a co-evolutionary trend of planning is elaborated in the light of Europeanization.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1202-1221
Issue: 6
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1459502
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1459502
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jean-Paul D. Addie
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Paul D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Addie
Author-Name: Mariarosalba Angrisani
Author-X-Name-First: Mariarosalba
Author-X-Name-Last: Angrisani
Author-Name: Stefano De Falco
Author-X-Name-First: Stefano
Author-X-Name-Last: De Falco
Title: University-led innovation in and for peripheral urban areas: new approaches in Naples, Italy and Newark, NJ, US
Abstract: 
 This paper focuses on the spatial development problem of university-led innovation in peripheral urban areas. Highlighting issues of proximity, uneven geographic development, and multi-scalar urban governance as weaknesses of the regional innovation systems literature, we provide a novel synthesis of regional economics, innovation policy, and critical urban studies to assess the development roles of universities in concrete contexts. A comparative investigation of Naples and Newark, NJ captures the functional operation of regional innovation and urban development as a contested product of discourses, technologies (material and governance), and territorial arrangements. Our analysis demonstrates the significance of multi-scalar relationships in structuring innovation policy and practice in peripheral urban areas. The architecture of innovation is not simply rolled out into pre-determined spatial containers in places lacking established ‘institutional thickness’ or urban centrality. The spatial development of university-led innovation is a social product: material and governance infrastructures are essential components of the urban fabric and are essential to its co-constitution. Universities are shown to contribute differing resources dependent on their institutional strategic goals and the capacities and spatial imaginaries afforded to them by their situation in broader territorial governance regimes. We conclude by drawing comparative lessons and identifying directions for future research.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1181-1201
Issue: 6
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1459505
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1459505
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:26:y:2018:i:6:p:1181-1201




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. Rashidfarokhi
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Rashidfarokhi
Author-Name: L. Yrjänä
Author-X-Name-First: L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Yrjänä
Author-Name: M. Wallenius
Author-X-Name-First: M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wallenius
Author-Name: S. Toivonen
Author-X-Name-First: S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Toivonen
Author-Name: A. Ekroos
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ekroos
Author-Name: K. Viitanen
Author-X-Name-First: K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Viitanen
Title: Social sustainability tool for assessing land use planning processes
Abstract: 
 The aim of this paper was to develop a social sustainability tool to clarify what social sustainability means in land use planning processes. The tool was developed through a robust research process covering a large amount of scientific literature and built environment sustainability assessment tools. To assess how the developed tool works in practice, we used it as a coding system for the assessment of social sustainability in a case study from Finland. The case study includes the master planning process of a medium-sized city and the legal framework guiding it. The theoretical contribution of the paper lies in creating a holistic tool for the assessment of social sustainability in planning processes. This study also provides a strong practical contribution, as it goes beyond theoretical definitions to the pragmatic level by providing exemplary measures to be used in designing and implementing processes. Therefore, this paper is a valuable source for those stakeholders (for example planners, developers and policymakers), who struggle with the issue of the successful implementation of social sustainability practices, and it will help them to benchmark their processes against the themes found in the tool.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1269-1296
Issue: 6
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1461811
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1461811
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:26:y:2018:i:6:p:1269-1296




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Manuel Fernández-Esquinas
Author-X-Name-First: Manuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández-Esquinas
Author-Name: Madelon van Oostrom
Author-X-Name-First: Madelon
Author-X-Name-Last: van Oostrom
Author-Name: Hugo Pinto
Author-X-Name-First: Hugo
Author-X-Name-Last: Pinto
Title: Key issues on innovation, culture and institutions: implications for SMEs and micro firms
Abstract: 
 This Special Issue is devoted to studying the role of cultural aspects in the innovation dynamics of small firms within the context of their territorial environments. Cultural elements are viewed as strategic assets because of their capacity to enhance small firms’ action and to provide opportunities to compete in the knowledge economy. Innovation studies use a variety of approaches and definitions for studying how the symbolic aspects of social reality shape innovation. In this Guest Editorial, our aim is to help clarify this topic of research. Departing from the contributions of this Special Issue, we use analytical definitions of values, norms, cognitive repertoires and institutions as layers of the cultural domain that can be present both in firms and in the surrounding innovation system. We describe important mechanisms related to innovation processes in SMEs and micro firms. The 10 selected articles provide an intellectual map of current research and investigate different angles of cultural dynamics based on cases in Spain, Portugal, Belarus and the U.K. Based on the findings from these articles, we believe that cultural elements can be integrated and recombined by innovation policies as an essential component of local and regional development.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1897-1907
Issue: 11
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1364770
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1364770
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Miguel Gonzalez-Loureiro
Author-X-Name-First: Miguel
Author-X-Name-Last: Gonzalez-Loureiro
Author-Name: Maria José Sousa
Author-X-Name-First: Maria José
Author-X-Name-Last: Sousa
Author-Name: Hugo Pinto
Author-X-Name-First: Hugo
Author-X-Name-Last: Pinto
Title: Culture and innovation in SMEs: the intellectual structure of research for further inquiry
Abstract: 
 Regional and organizational cultures are commonly considered key enablers to innovation dynamics in organizations, in particular to small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Although this intersection is a crucial topic of research, studies addressing this issue remain limited in number and scope in the case of SMEs. In this article, a systematic literature review of that intersection is presented by gathering articles from ISI-WoS and Scopus databases. It combines a qualitative approach (content analysis) and a statistical procedure (HOMALS) to analyse the information from 1947 articles found. As a result, the contribution is twofold: a map of the intellectual structure of research and a codebook of descriptors. The study helps identify relevant gaps for future research, specifically the need for mixed approaches from a variety of social sciences with a particular focus on regional science. Future research should shift from a static to a dynamic perspective of culture in groups, organizations and territories. In the case of SMEs, this can be labelled as transformational culture: the study of how organizational and regional cultures may co-evolve along with the changes in the environment by seizing on the SMEs’ flexibility and flattened organizational structure.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1908-1931
Issue: 11
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1290052
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1290052
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Madelon van Oostrom
Author-X-Name-First: Madelon
Author-X-Name-Last: van Oostrom
Author-Name: Manuel Fernández-Esquinas
Author-X-Name-First: Manuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández-Esquinas
Title: Exploring the links between culture and innovation in micro firms: cultural dimensions, social mechanisms and outcomes
Abstract: 
 This article analyses the role of cultural components in the innovation processes of micro firms. The article develops an analytical and operational approach to the notion of culture of innovation departing from conceptual contributions from cultural and economic sociology. This framework is used in a study of micro firms in the Canary Islands (Spain). A survey, a group of open-ended interviews and in-depth case studies have been used to identify and explain the social and cultural mechanisms that make up the culture of innovation of small firms and shape their open innovation strategies. The results highlight the importance of firms’ knowledge base in the configuration of different innovation behaviours. The findings also help to explore the relationship between homogeneous and pluralistic conceptions of the culture of innovation.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1932-1953
Issue: 11
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1355355
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1355355
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:25:y:2017:i:11:p:1932-1953




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francesco Ramella
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco
Author-X-Name-Last: Ramella
Title: The ‘Enterprise of Innovation’ in hard times: corporate culture and performance in Italian high-tech companies
Abstract: 
 This article deals with the strategies that Italian innovative manufacturing companies have deployed in recent years. Italy has, in fact, been hit particularly severely by the international crisis, which has induced a sharp decline in employment and a narrowing of the productive base. That said, we know very little about the strategies used by Italian entrepreneurs to cope with the economic downturn, especially the more innovative ones. To address this topic, the author has used a sample of over 400 Italian companies with European patents in the sectors of mechanical engineering and high technology (European Patent Office (EPO) companies), which were investigated by means of a panel survey: a longitudinal study carried out on the same companies at different times (2010 and 2012). The analysis conducted in this article has two main goals: (1) to describe the socio-economic and territorial characteristics of EPO companies and their strategies in the years of the crisis and (2) to examine the influence of a ‘collaborative corporate culture’ on company performance. What emerges from the research into EPO companies is the complementarity of resources useful for innovation and economic performance among (a) the internal and external relations of the organization; (b) the variety of knowledge and the cohesion of relationships and (c) the short and long networks of collaboration. In conclusion, successful company strategies are those which – thanks to a collaborative company culture – are able to exploit the ‘embedded complementarity of innovative resources’.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1954-1975
Issue: 11
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1321621
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1321621
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Natalja Apanasovich
Author-X-Name-First: Natalja
Author-X-Name-Last: Apanasovich
Author-Name: Henar Alcalde-Heras
Author-X-Name-First: Henar
Author-X-Name-Last: Alcalde-Heras
Author-Name: Mario Davide Parrilli
Author-X-Name-First: Mario Davide
Author-X-Name-Last: Parrilli
Title: A new approach to business innovation modes: the ‘Research, Technology and Human Resource Management (RTH) model’ in the ICT sector in Belarus
Abstract: 
 Echoing previous contributions on ‘STI and DUI innovation modes’ (science and technology-based innovation, and innovation based on learning-by-doing, by-using and by-interacting), this study discusses their role in small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) ability to develop novel products. In particular, the RTH model (based on Research, Technology and Human Resource Management) is proposed so as to describe the most effective approach taken by innovative SMEs. On these bases, the STI and DUI modes are changed for a more empirical identification of business innovation modes centred on differentiating among three separate drivers of innovation: Research (R), non- research and development (R&amp;D) Technology (T) and Human Resource management (HRM). The study focuses on analysing how different drivers of innovation can be effectively aggregated within a firm to support its ability to produce innovation. We propose a new research instrument – RTH model – and test on a sample of SMEs in the ICT sphere that operates in a technology-follower country in transition, Belarus. The results of the econometric analyses show insightful outcomes, that is, the novelty of product innovation is more sensitive to the Technology and HRM drivers than to the Research driver.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1976-2000
Issue: 11
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1322040
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1322040
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julia Olmos-Peñuela
Author-X-Name-First: Julia
Author-X-Name-Last: Olmos-Peñuela
Author-Name: Ana García-Granero
Author-X-Name-First: Ana
Author-X-Name-Last: García-Granero
Author-Name: Elena Castro-Martínez
Author-X-Name-First: Elena
Author-X-Name-Last: Castro-Martínez
Author-Name: Pablo D’Este
Author-X-Name-First: Pablo
Author-X-Name-Last: D’Este
Title: Strengthening SMEs’ innovation culture through collaborations with public research organizations. Do all firms benefit equally?
Abstract: 
 The purpose of this paper is to explore whether collaborating with public research organizations (PROs) contributes to strengthening the innovation culture of small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). We examine to what extent their innovation culture is reinforced by collaborations with research organizations and investigate the type of organizational strategies that enhance this effect of collaboration. The empirical study is based on a survey of firms that collaborate with the largest Spanish PRO, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC). Our results indicate that SMEs differ greatly in their capacity to strengthen their innovation culture through collaboration with research organizations. We show also that firms with formal innovation plans that develop internal and external search strategies are more likely to improve their innovation culture as a result of collaboration with PROs. These findings provide managers with new insights into how to strengthen their firms’ innovation culture through collaboration with research organizations.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2001-2020
Issue: 11
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1279592
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1279592
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel Gabaldón-Estevan
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Gabaldón-Estevan
Author-Name: Josep-Antoni Ybarra
Author-X-Name-First: Josep-Antoni
Author-X-Name-Last: Ybarra
Title: Innovative culture in district innovation systems of European ceramics SMEs
Abstract: 
 We need to understand the dynamics of current local production systems in the form of industrial districts and, particularly, how culture and innovation are interlinked. In this paper, we argue that the district innovation system approach, which covers the innovation systems and industrial district literatures, provides a set of ideas useful for understanding the role of culture in innovation in industrial districts. We study the role of innovation culture in two of the most important European ceramics industrial districts in Italy and Spain. Specifically, we analyse how, within a given district system, the innovation culture, networks and social structure, and their inter-relations, influence the interactions among those agents actively participating in the development, diffusion or adoption of innovation. We identify the cultural elements that are decisive in these innovation systems and whether these elements are substantially equal between the two countries or whether there are differences in their cultures, processes and innovation systems. Our main finding is that the cultural dynamics in district innovation systems differs among countries.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2021-2036
Issue: 11
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1353591
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1353591
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:25:y:2017:i:11:p:2021-2036




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francisco J. García-Rodríguez
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco J.
Author-X-Name-Last: García-Rodríguez
Author-Name: Esperanza Gil-Soto
Author-X-Name-First: Esperanza
Author-X-Name-Last: Gil-Soto
Author-Name: Inés Ruiz-Rosa
Author-X-Name-First: Inés
Author-X-Name-Last: Ruiz-Rosa
Author-Name: Desiderio Gutiérrez-Taño
Author-X-Name-First: Desiderio
Author-X-Name-Last: Gutiérrez-Taño
Title: Entrepreneurial process in peripheral regions: the role of motivation and culture
Abstract: 
 The entrepreneurial potential of a region is a key factor in linking innovation to the market, thus leading to economic growth. This is especially important in peripheral regions that are characterized by low innovative dynamism. This paper analyses the entrepreneurial process in a European peripheral region, the Canary Islands, Spain. It attempts to determine possible cultural specificities and the role of motivation in the entrepreneurial process. To do this, an analysis of entrepreneurial intention (EI) is framed within the theory of planned behaviour and using motivation, opportunity and ability theory. An empirical study was carried out using a sample of 1457 university students participating in the Global University Entrepreneurial Spirit Students’ Survey project. Results indicate that motivation influences EI directly and indirectly through an individual’s attitude towards entrepreneurial behaviour. The perception of business opportunities is also a significant antecedent of entrepreneurial motivation. Consequently, entrepreneurial education and policies to foster entrepreneurship in peripheral regions should not attempt to transform individuals’ attitudes towards entrepreneurship directly, but rather focus on improving motivation using intensive pedagogical strategies in creativity that go beyond mere informative content. Methodologies and content focused on recognizing opportunities and problem-solving would also be effective elements in educational programmes of entrepreneurship.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2037-2056
Issue: 11
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1262827
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1262827
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eneka Albizu
Author-X-Name-First: Eneka
Author-X-Name-Last: Albizu
Author-Name: Mikel Olazaran
Author-X-Name-First: Mikel
Author-X-Name-Last: Olazaran
Author-Name: Cristina Lavía
Author-X-Name-First: Cristina
Author-X-Name-Last: Lavía
Author-Name: Beatriz Otero
Author-X-Name-First: Beatriz
Author-X-Name-Last: Otero
Title: Making visible the role of vocational education and training in firm innovation: evidence from Spanish SMEs
Abstract: 
 The interactive learning model argues the importance of incremental innovation, linked to production activities, and the role in that innovation of qualified workers – including those with a vocational training degree – in opposition to the supremacy of scientific personnel that tends to characterize high-tech industries. However, scarcely any attention has been paid to the role of intermediary workers in innovation processes. This study, based on a survey of 1142 Spanish industrial small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), examines the degree to which technicians and employees with a vocational education and training (VET) profile are represented in these firms and their involvement in innovation activities. In order to identify the importance of the factors studied in a multivariate model, a binary logistic regression was performed with an index of VET workers’ participation as a dependent variable, segmenting the companies by technological level. The study shows that for sectors with greatest R&amp;D intensity, the presence of VET personnel in technical posts and the existence of external co-operation in innovation were found to triple the probability of greater participation. In more low-tech sectors, these variables continue to exercise a strong influence, but the multiplier effect of another two has also been detected, specifically the innovative capacity of the company and a greater level of involvement of operators in organizational learning practices.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2057-2075
Issue: 11
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1281231
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1281231
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francesca Froy
Author-X-Name-First: Francesca
Author-X-Name-Last: Froy
Author-Name: Howard Davis
Author-X-Name-First: Howard
Author-X-Name-Last: Davis
Title: Pragmatic urbanism: London’s railway arches and small-scale enterprise
Abstract: 
 Marginal spaces are increasingly being taken up for commercial use in London. This includes railway arches, which are appropriated for many different social and economic activities. This article presents the findings of a study on 165 arches in three London neighbourhoods (Hackney, Bethnal Green and Bermondsey), which found the arches to host a disproportionate amount of manufacturing, in addition to concentrations of sectors such as food and drink; and taxi services. Despite being part of Britain’s industrial heritage, the arches have proved highly adaptable ‘hybrid’ spaces supporting office, retail, wholesale and production. They are also modular – businesses move into neighbouring arches as they expand. The arches are therefore well-suited to the postfordist economy of the inner city, which incorporates a highly networked system of small-scale manufacturers and retailers that require flexible and affordable small spaces close to commercial centres. Being arranged side-by-side, and open onto the street, they support knowledge-sharing between firms, while also bringing life to neighbourhoods. The arches have a spatial/functional configuration that might be copied in new forms of industrial development. Indeed, they suggest the possibility of a new spatial form – ‘industrial streets’ as opposed to industrial estates.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2076-2096
Issue: 11
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1367141
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1367141
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:25:y:2017:i:11:p:2076-2096




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marisa Cesário
Author-X-Name-First: Marisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Cesário
Author-Name: Dora Agapito
Author-X-Name-First: Dora
Author-X-Name-Last: Agapito
Author-Name: Helena Almeida
Author-X-Name-First: Helena
Author-X-Name-Last: Almeida
Author-Name: Sílvia Fernandes
Author-X-Name-First: Sílvia
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernandes
Title: The use of design as a strategic tool for innovation: an analysis for different firms' networking behaviours
Abstract: 
 Current research indicates that the use of design strategy in companies is related to innovation and leads to competitiveness. This research aims empirically to analyse the relationship between firms' networking behaviours and their propensity to engage in design activities. Although much of the literature on networks focuses on the relationship between the development of external linkages and innovation, we argue that small and medium-sized enterprises’ (SMEs)' relationships with different agents and intermediaries, on diverse geographic scales, play an important role for how companies use design as an element of innovation. Using the Community Innovation Survey (CIS 2012) database for Portugal, a logistic regression was performed using the ‘strategic use of design’ as a binary dependent variable. We found that firms' engagement in informal relationships with heterogeneous agents, such as public customers, consultants or conference partners, is positively associated with the strategic use of design. The use of firms' internal assets as information sources also proved to be significant. Regarding market relations, the results indicate that a geographic scaling-up contributes to increasing the odds of a firm recognizing the strategic role of design for competitiveness.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2097-2116
Issue: 11
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2015.1135232
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2015.1135232
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:25:y:2017:i:11:p:2097-2116




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arne Isaksen
Author-X-Name-First: Arne
Author-X-Name-Last: Isaksen
Author-Name: Stig-Erik Jakobsen
Author-X-Name-First: Stig-Erik
Author-X-Name-Last: Jakobsen
Title: New path development between innovation systems and individual actors
Abstract: 
 This special issue is devoted to studying mechanisms that may stimulate or hamper the renewal of existing industry paths and the growth of new paths. In this guest editorial, we look closely at the role of policy instruments in situations where the majority of regional industries are embedded in strong regional and/or national innovation systems. This theme is currently very relevant in (parts of) Norway, where the dominant oil sector is downsizing and new growth paths are required to maintain employment and welfare. The guest editorial presents a theoretical framework for new regional industrial path development, followed by a discussion on how two Norwegian policy tools contribute to new path development. The 10 articles of the special issue study different aspects of new regional industrial path development based on cases in Norway, Sweden and Spain. Some papers also discuss the role of policy in new path development. Based on the findings from these articles, we believe that new path development is fostered by policies that incorporate both actor-based and system-based elements. Such policy mix could provide a vital push towards new path development.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 355-370
Issue: 3
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1268570
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1268570
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Doloreux
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Doloreux
Author-Name: Igone Porto Gomez
Author-X-Name-First: Igone
Author-X-Name-Last: Porto Gomez
Title: A review of (almost) 20 years of regional innovation systems research
Abstract: 
 The literature on regional innovation systems (RISs) has grown impressively in the last two decades. The objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive assessment of all RIS articles published in scholarly journals between 1998 and 2015. It aims to inform researchers of the empirical results obtained so far and highlight areas that need further work. This review describes how the RIS field has developed, charts the current body of RIS research and discusses recommendations for moving the RIS field forward.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 371-387
Issue: 3
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1244516
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1244516
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elisabet S. Hauge
Author-X-Name-First: Elisabet S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hauge
Author-Name: Nina Kyllingstad
Author-X-Name-First: Nina
Author-X-Name-Last: Kyllingstad
Author-Name: Natalia Maehle
Author-X-Name-First: Natalia
Author-X-Name-Last: Maehle
Author-Name: Ann Camilla Schulze-Krogh
Author-X-Name-First: Ann Camilla
Author-X-Name-Last: Schulze-Krogh
Title: Developing cross-industry innovation capability: regional drivers and indicators within firms
Abstract: 
 The role of firms in the process of regional renewal and path development is a somewhat neglected area in the existing literature. With few exceptions, the literature is mainly concerned with aggregated development paths. To cover this gap, the current study turns its attention to cross-industry innovation capability (CIIC) building in firms and discusses how conditions for innovation and learning in a region drive this process. We introduce a new concept of CIIC – that is, the firm’s ability to transform knowledge and ideas from different industries into new products, processes and systems and/or its ability to adapt existing products, processes and systems to new industries – and identify its drivers and indicators. The discussion is supported by empirical studies of firms in three Norwegian case regions that undergo the restructuring process due to the recent severe decrease in oil prices. Our empirical data demonstrate that organizationally thick and diversified regions are more favourable for firms’ abilities to develop CIIC and cross-industry innovation activity. As a result, we emphasize that future regional policies should have a stronger focus on the linkages between internal firm characteristics and regional innovation systems to contribute to the firms’ absorptive capacity for developing cross-industry innovation.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 388-405
Issue: 3
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1276158
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1276158
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Gjelsvik
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Gjelsvik
Author-Name: Jarle Aarstad
Author-X-Name-First: Jarle
Author-X-Name-Last: Aarstad
Title: Entrepreneurial industry structures and financial institutions as agents for path dependence in Southwest Norway: the role of the macroeconomic environment
Abstract: 
 Guided by an evolutionary perspective, we study how macroeconomic shifts as an exogenous factor contribute to the endogenous roles of financial institutions and the entrepreneurial industry structure as indicators for path extension or diversification in Southwest Norway. Path extension implies that new firm formation reproduces itself with limited variation. Path diversification implies a departure from existing paths, in that entrepreneurial activities expand into unrelated or related industries. Between 1992 and 1998, we observe a departure from path extension and an increase in entrepreneurial path diversification into unrelated industries, but this trend declines in the following years. The increase and decline are stronger for Southwest Norway than for the rest of the country. Throughout the whole period of observation (1992–2011), we observe a steady decline in path diversification into related industries. Thus, Southwest Norway, and the country as a whole, experiences an extension of an industry structure that increasingly reproduces itself, which implies stronger path dependence and decreasing diversification of related and unrelated entrepreneurial activity. Financial institutions mostly reinforce path extension, even in periods when abundant capital is available, but to some degree, they also induce related path diversification.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 406-424
Issue: 3
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1226786
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1226786
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mary Genevieve Billington
Author-X-Name-First: Mary Genevieve
Author-X-Name-Last: Billington
Author-Name: James Karlsen
Author-X-Name-First: James
Author-X-Name-Last: Karlsen
Author-Name: Line Mathisen
Author-X-Name-First: Line
Author-X-Name-Last: Mathisen
Author-Name: Inger Beate Pettersen
Author-X-Name-First: Inger Beate
Author-X-Name-Last: Pettersen
Title: Unfolding the relationship between resilient firms and the region
Abstract: 
 This research explores organizational resilience in four manufacturing firms in four different regions of Norway. While regional resilience has gained attention in research, there have been few studies with a micro-level focus, investigating firms and their distinctive features of resilience. We chose a qualitative multiple-case study approach and employed a critical incident technique to study resilience in selected firms that had experienced external shocks and shifts in regard to changing markets, globalization and advances in technology. Each, however, had managed to continually develop resilience capacity over time. Our framework considered three dimensions of organizational resilience: the cognitive, the behavioural and the contextual. We address how resilience is sustained over time, the evolutionary nature of organizational resilience in firms and how resilient firms relate to the region. We found that all three dimensions of resilience capacity were evident in each firm, but appeared as a complex and unique blend. Furthermore, each dimension was supported by regional ties and affiliations. The findings suggest that organizational resilience is a dynamic capability conditioned by firm–region interactions, which are cultural, social and economic. Regional resilience is built through the contribution of the firm to the economic and social systems of the region.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 425-442
Issue: 3
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1276886
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1276886
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Heidi Wiig Aslesen
Author-X-Name-First: Heidi Wiig
Author-X-Name-Last: Aslesen
Author-Name: Katja Maria Hydle
Author-X-Name-First: Katja Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Hydle
Author-Name: Kristin Wallevik
Author-X-Name-First: Kristin
Author-X-Name-Last: Wallevik
Title: Extra-regional linkages through MNCs in organizationally thick and specialized RISs: a source of new path development?
Abstract: 
 This paper explores how global innovation networks (GIN) within multinational companies (MNCs) act as extra-regional sources for path development in a regional innovation system (RIS) specializing in the oil and gas sector. We combine the literature on intra-firm knowledge dynamics in MNCs’ GIN with the literature on RISs to better understand their interrelatedness and their dynamics. Based on interviews with 15 MNCs located in the south-west of Norway, we find that firms are highly dependent on competence throughout the MNCs’ entire networks, as well as interaction with the overall RIS. The findings expose that MNCs’ GINs can act as extra-regional sources for path ‘extension’ in thick and specialized RISs through intra-firm mobility, observation and sharing of routines and best practice, mainly resulting in incremental innovations. We find some signs of potential path ‘renewal’, including radical innovation ideas. However, there are hampering factors linked to strong internal competition for innovation projects, pressure for local profitability and ownership motivation. At the level of RISs, new initiatives going beyond existing cluster initiatives and specializations need support.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 443-461
Issue: 3
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1273322
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1273322
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arnt Fløysand
Author-X-Name-First: Arnt
Author-X-Name-Last: Fløysand
Author-Name: Rune Njøs
Author-X-Name-First: Rune
Author-X-Name-Last: Njøs
Author-Name: Trond Nilsen
Author-X-Name-First: Trond
Author-X-Name-Last: Nilsen
Author-Name: Vigdis Nygaard
Author-X-Name-First: Vigdis
Author-X-Name-Last: Nygaard
Title: Foreign direct investment and renewal of industries: framing the reciprocity between materiality and discourse
Abstract: 
 Informed by the evolutionary literature on economic geography, this paper develops a conceptual framework for analysing the complexity between foreign direct investment (FDI) and renewal of industries. Present contributions tend to explain the impact of FDI on regional industry evolution as a static, output-oriented phenomenon, that is, informed by an instrumental rationale in which the dynamism of FDI and regional industry development is linked to polarization of stagnation/decline vs. growth/development. Opposing this, we argue for an epistemological shift in approach to the reciprocity between FDI and renewal of industries as dynamism between material outcomes and discursive processes. To accomplish this, we build on key concepts and understandings from evolutionary economic geography; review the regional effects of FDI literature and build a framework sensitive to contextual dimensions of FDI. We focus on multinational companies’ practices and material outcomes in terms of regional spillovers and the discursive processes in terms of FDI narratives. This framework is exemplified by data from the salmon farming industry and the subsea industry in Hordaland and the oil and gas industry and the mining industry in Finnmark.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 462-480
Issue: 3
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1226785
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1226785
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Johan Miörner
Author-X-Name-First: Johan
Author-X-Name-Last: Miörner
Author-Name: Michaela Trippl
Author-X-Name-First: Michaela
Author-X-Name-Last: Trippl
Title: Paving the way for new regional industrial paths: actors and modes of change in Scania’s games industry
Abstract: 
 Recent scholarly work has enhanced our understanding of how new path development activities are enabled or constrained by ‘regional environments’, made up of pre-existing industrial structures, knowledge organizations, support structures and institutional configurations. This paper moves beyond overly static views on regional environments. We develop a dynamic perspective by analysing conceptually and empirically how a constraining environment can be transformed into one that enables the development of new growth paths. The paper offers a typology of various modes of change, including layering, adaptation and novel application that are used by key actors to ‘manipulate’ the regional support structures to facilitate new regional industrial path development. The conceptual framework is applied to a case study of the digital games industry in the region of Scania, southern Sweden. Our findings suggest that the creation of a more enabling environment for the growth of the digital games industry has been the outcome of multi-scalar processes and combinations of various modes of change employed by a few key individuals operating in the newly emerging path.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 481-497
Issue: 3
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1212815
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1212815
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ann Karin T. Holmen
Author-X-Name-First: Ann Karin T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Holmen
Author-Name: Jens Kristian Fosse
Author-X-Name-First: Jens Kristian
Author-X-Name-Last: Fosse
Title: Regional agency and constitution of new paths: a study of agency in early formation of new paths on the west coast of Norway
Abstract: 
 This article analyses regional agency in the early phases of new path constitution. We argue that the early stages of new path constitution can be explained by both structural factors and the strong presence of agency. With a specific focus on agency, this article contributes to the literature by providing a study of the role of agency at different stages of path constitution. The study shows that two types of agency operate together. Public policy agency is carried out through a common thrust for policy tools that can enhance the room to manoeuvre together. In addition, strong entrepreneurial agency functions as a locomotive for other firms which are important trigger points, and pushes the process forward. These two forms of agency need to be interrelated to constitute new paths.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 498-515
Issue: 3
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1276159
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1276159
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rune Dahl Fitjar
Author-X-Name-First: Rune Dahl
Author-X-Name-Last: Fitjar
Author-Name: Bram Timmermans
Author-X-Name-First: Bram
Author-X-Name-Last: Timmermans
Title: Regional skill relatedness: towards a new measure of regional related diversification
Abstract: 
 This paper proposes a novel index of regional skill-relatedness and calculates this measure for all Norwegian labour-market regions. Studies of regional related diversification rely on measures of related variety, which build on the industry classification hierarchy. However, the growing literature identifying similarities in knowledge and competences across industries demonstrates that these classifications fail to identify a great deal of actual skill relatedness, and that measures based on empirical measures of industry relatedness are required. The skill relatedness measure builds on labour mobility flows across industries to develop a relatedness matrix for Norwegian industries. It further uses social network analysis to identify the number of other regional industries to which each industry in a particular region is related. Comparing this measure to the related variety index, the analysis shows that the two measures are highly correlated, but that the regional skill relatedness index is able to identify more of the relatedness across industries. In particular, the related variety index tends to underestimate the level of relatedness in many of Norway’s most technologically sophisticated manufacturing regions, whereas these rank highly in the regional skill relatedness index. Consequently, the regional skill relatedness index represents a promising new tool for identifying relatedness in regional systems.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 516-538
Issue: 3
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1244515
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1244515
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aitziber Elola
Author-X-Name-First: Aitziber
Author-X-Name-Last: Elola
Author-Name: Jesus M. Valdaliso
Author-X-Name-First: Jesus M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Valdaliso
Author-Name: Susana Franco
Author-X-Name-First: Susana
Author-X-Name-Last: Franco
Author-Name: Santiago M. López
Author-X-Name-First: Santiago M.
Author-X-Name-Last: López
Title: Public policies and cluster life cycles: insights from the Basque Country experience
Abstract: 
 This paper contributes to the study of the role of public policies in the origins and evolution of clusters. Building on the existing literature, we set up a taxonomy of nine public policies that may have an impact on the emergence and evolution of clusters. Based on in-depth case studies of six clusters of the Basque Country, particularly representative of the industrial history of the region, we analyse the relevance of the different types of policies both in the emergence and evolution of clusters over time. In agreement with cluster literature, the paper concludes that public policies seem to have played only an indirect role across clusters and over their life cycles. Moreover, it points to the necessity of taking history and context into account, as most of the important policy measures highlighted by cluster literature today do not fit well with the previous policy and economic context. Finally, it also concludes that for cluster policies to be effective, the stages of the life cycle should be taken into consideration.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 539-556
Issue: 3
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1248375
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1248375
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chandrima Mukhopadhyay
Author-X-Name-First: Chandrima
Author-X-Name-Last: Mukhopadhyay
Title: Untamed urbanism
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 557-559
Issue: 3
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1255294
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1255294
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jeroen Content
Author-X-Name-First: Jeroen
Author-X-Name-Last: Content
Author-Name: Koen Frenken
Author-X-Name-First: Koen
Author-X-Name-Last: Frenken
Title: Related variety and economic development: a literature review
Abstract: 
 Since the introduction of the related variety concept in 2007, a number of studies have been undertaken to analyse its effect on economic development. Our review of 21 studies makes clear that most studies find support for the initial hypothesis that related variety supports employment growth, though some studies suggest that the growth effects of related variety may be specific to knowledge-intensive sectors only. From the review, we list a number of further research questions regarding methodology, the role of unrelated variety, different forms of relatedness and the effect of related variety on knowledge production and entrepreneurship.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2097-2112
Issue: 12
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1246517
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1246517
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Junic Kim
Author-X-Name-First: Junic
Author-X-Name-Last: Kim
Title: The platform business model and business ecosystem: quality management and revenue structures
Abstract: 
 A platform is a two-sided market. It is an environment established to allow multiple groups such as suppliers and consumers to exchange their views for fair transactions. Platforms evolve through the connection and interaction of participants, and act as ecosystems of coexistence that can provide values and benefits to all participants. Care must be taken in building such a business ecosystem to successfully stabilize the platform model. This research indicates how a business ecosystem can be constructed by analysing quality management and revenue structures – core elements in any platform business model with a distinct group of users on either side. Through 12 case studies using 30 in-depth interviews and 2 focus group interviews, this research suggests the conceptual framework, ‘12 different types of quality management and revenue structure strategies’. These will serve as the conceptual framework from which to build platform business model ecosystems.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2113-2132
Issue: 12
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1251882
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1251882
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Susana Borrás
Author-X-Name-First: Susana
Author-X-Name-Last: Borrás
Author-Name: Jacint Jordana
Author-X-Name-First: Jacint
Author-X-Name-Last: Jordana
Title: When regional innovation policies meet policy rationales and evidence: a plea for policy analysis
Abstract: 
 In spite of recent advancements regarding regional innovation policy rationales and evidence, there are few analyses about the actual features of existing regional innovation policies. Nevertheless, a policy analysis perspective is important in order to recognize their distinctive patterns across regions, and to understand how rationales and evidence can be translated into policy-making. To this purpose, this paper develops a framework to study the extent to which regional innovation policies have changed during the past few years. Since the mid-2000s, there has been an important development of innovation policy rationales, advocating for more specialization; likewise, greater data availability at the regional level has allowed more sophisticated assessment of innovation performance. Finally, the crisis since 2008 has had ravaging effects in some regions, with job losses and severe economic sluggishness. Therefore, it is reasonable to expect transforming dynamics in regional innovation policies. Against this backdrop, the paper compares the institutional frameworks and budgetary priorities of four Spanish regions during the period 2001–2014: Catalonia, the Basque Country, Galicia and Andalusia. In so doing, it aims at studying the extent to which regional governments have readily addressed past and new challenges related to their regional innovation system, and if so, how.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2133-2153
Issue: 12
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1236074
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1236074
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christian Diller
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Diller
Title: The development of metropolitan regions in Germany in light of the restructuring of the German states: two temporally overlapping discourses
Abstract: 
 The topics of the territorial structure of the German states and the strategic development of the metropolitan regions are at first glance two completely separate discourses. However, this paper demonstrates that the development of the metropolitan regions in Germany, supported by Federal Spatial Planning, has at least in some cases been influenced by the possibility of offering an alternative to state restructuring and that the metropolitan regions today continue to represent a basis for interstate cooperation. The in-depth observation of four cross-state metropolitan regions makes clear that different development paths have been followed. Thus, while certain metropolitan regions have distanced themselves from issues relevant to interstate cooperation, the examples of Hamburg and Berlin-Brandenburg show the value of metropolitan regions for cooperation between states and as an alternative to state restructuring.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2154-2174
Issue: 12
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1258040
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1258040
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wisdom Kanda
Author-X-Name-First: Wisdom
Author-X-Name-Last: Kanda
Author-Name: Olof Hjelm
Author-X-Name-First: Olof
Author-X-Name-Last: Hjelm
Author-Name: Kajsa Kairento
Author-X-Name-First: Kajsa
Author-X-Name-Last: Kairento
Author-Name: Marcus Nygårds
Author-X-Name-First: Marcus
Author-X-Name-Last: Nygårds
Title: Export of environmental technologies by publicly owned companies: approaches, drivers and obstacles among Swedish municipal companies
Abstract: 
 This article focuses on the export of environmental technology by publicly owned companies. The export of such technologies has the potential to contribute to economic competitiveness and environmental sustainability. However, research on this emerging topic has so far largely focused on privately owned SMEs compared to publicly owned companies. Using interviews with 12 Swedish municipally owned companies which develop such systems and a survey with 36 others, we analyse their approaches, drivers for and obstacles to export. These companies use a combination of different approaches such as subsidiaries, independent projects, licensing and private-public partnerships to engage in export. However, in contrast to private companies which are often driven by internal factors such as extra sales, these municipally owned companies are largely motivated by external factors such as customer requests and opportunities to contribute to environmental sustainability. Furthermore, their main export barriers relate to differences between the business culture and political systems in their home and target markets. Their export experiences are influenced by their municipal ownership, the types of technologies they develop and the institutional contexts within which they operate. This study reveals an actor type struggling to find a balance between domestic obligations and commercialization in international markets.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2175-2196
Issue: 12
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1251881
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1251881
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rodrigo V. Cardoso
Author-X-Name-First: Rodrigo V.
Author-X-Name-Last: Cardoso
Title: Overcoming barriers to institutional integration in European second-tier urban regions
Abstract: 
 Within the debates about the socio-economic advantages of cohesive urban regions, several barriers to institutional integration are said to exist, especially when a metropolitan government is absent and integration relies on inter-municipal cooperation. Some barriers are associated with different urban region structures, such as the asymmetric power relations and sociocultural contrasts between municipalities in systems with dominant core cities, or the lack of a leading city to overcome fragmentation and provide a shared identity in polycentric urban regions (PURs). This paper investigates whether urban regions formed around second-tier cities, whose features depart from both dominant core and PUR models, are able to mitigate these barriers when pursuing integration strategies. The analysis relies on interviews with municipal leaders in three representative European case studies, examining how they perceive the barriers to inter-municipal relations in second-tier urban regions. The findings show that perceptions vary not only between regions, with the three cases following different trajectories of integration, but also within regions, according to the geographical and socio-economic context of municipalities and the legacy of past relations. In general, barriers to integration are not minimized without explicit efforts to rebalance power relations, approach political cultures, mobilize core city leadership and develop a metropolitan identity.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2197-2216
Issue: 12
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1251883
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1251883
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: William M. Brady
Author-X-Name-First: William M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Brady
Title: Territorial development, planning reform and urban governance: the case of Ireland’s second-tier cities
Abstract: 
 The increased emphasis within Europe on the role of second-tier cities has implications for the ways in which these urban centres are considered within national spatial planning strategies. In centralized, monocentric states such as Ireland, there has been a general ambivalence towards urban policy for cities outside the capital city, and historically, this has prevented the development of a strong, diversified urban hierarchy undermining prospects for balanced regional development. This paper examines the extent to which a new found emphasis on Ireland’s second-tier cities which emerged in the ‘Gateways’ policy of the National Spatial Strategy was matched by subsequent political and administrative commitment to facilitate the development of these urban centres. Following a discussion of the position of second-tier cities in an international context and a brief overview of recent demographic and economic trends, the paper assesses the relative performance of Ireland’s second-tier cities in influencing development trends, highlighting a comprehensive failure to deliver compact urban growth. In this context, the paper then discusses the implications of current development plans for the second-tier cities and proposals for Irish local government reform for securing compact urban development.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2217-2240
Issue: 12
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1248906
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1248906
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roberto Antonietti
Author-X-Name-First: Roberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Antonietti
Author-Name: Giulio Cainelli
Author-X-Name-First: Giulio
Author-X-Name-Last: Cainelli
Title: Urban size and KIBS vertical disintegration: the case of Milan
Abstract: 
 The literature shows that market size favours firms’ vertical disintegration because it reduces transaction and knowledge coordination costs. The existing evidence is based primarily on cross-sectional data and on the manufacturing sector, with little or no attention is given to longitudinal data and services. This paper estimates the effect of urban size on the purchase of service inputs by knowledge-intensive business service firms located in the metropolitan region of Milan. Relying on a rich panel dataset, and adopting different econometric techniques to overcome endogeneity, we find a positive and statistically significant effect of increased urban population on the degree of KIBS vertical disintegration only when urban size is measured at the province level. We also find that this effect holds particularly in the case of traditional professional- rather than technology-related activities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2241-2256
Issue: 12
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1251576
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1251576
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Vang
Author-X-Name-First: Jan
Author-X-Name-Last: Vang
Title: How real estate developers think – design, profits and community
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2257-2258
Issue: 12
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1245516
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1245516
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Editorial Board
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: ebi-ebi
Issue: 12
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1266769
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1266769
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Łukasz Damurski
Author-X-Name-First: Łukasz
Author-X-Name-Last: Damurski
Author-Name: Marcin Oleksy
Author-X-Name-First: Marcin
Author-X-Name-Last: Oleksy
Title: Communicative and participatory paradigm in the European territorial policies. A discourse analysis
Abstract: 
 Communicative planning has been widely criticized for having little to do with the official legal procedures and for low-quality spatial solutions. It has also been blamed to be an empty concept, referring to an action that in itself has no content. This critique gives ground to the question: what is actually the role of the communicative and participatory paradigm in contemporary territorial policies? In this paper, we adopt discourse analysis methods to study the European documents on spatial planning in their three characteristic strands: smart city, integrated planning and multilevel governance. By extracting eight core principles (governance, sustainability, communication, participation, resilience, innovation, cooperation and coordination), we measure the importance of the communicative and participatory paradigm in the current planning discourse in Europe. We find that despite critique it remains one of the fundamental building-blocks of the European territorial policy. Communicative planning principles are visibly present in all the analysed strands of spatial planning in Europe.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1471-1492
Issue: 7
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1462302
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1462302
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Neuman
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Neuman
Author-Name: Wil Zonneveld
Author-X-Name-First: Wil
Author-X-Name-Last: Zonneveld
Title: The resurgence of regional design
Abstract: 
 Regional design, long a backbone for spatial planning, even if under other names, has become topical again for two reasons – as a key strategy and as a key tool in spatial management. This is due to several reasons. New conditions of urbanization that result from the convergence of several factors highlight the need for spatial strategy formation and application at supra-metropolitan scales. These new conditions include globalization, climate change, booming urban population, increased mobility and interconnectivity, and new infrastructure technologies. These forces driving urbanization today and into the future play out at the urban scale, which is increasingly encompassed in the city-region. The solutions to the impacts and problems that these forces cause must be dealt with by a strategic urbanism at a scale that matches. This scale of urbanism can be denoted as regional design. To justify these claims and to understand the origins of regional design and its relevance today and into the future, the master strokes in its history are presented next. After that, we discuss current concepts and practices in regional design. In conclusion, we offer answers to the question: why a resurgence of regional design?
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1297-1311
Issue: 7
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1464127
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1464127
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Viktor Květoň
Author-X-Name-First: Viktor
Author-X-Name-Last: Květoň
Author-Name: Vojtěch Kadlec
Author-X-Name-First: Vojtěch
Author-X-Name-Last: Kadlec
Title: Evolution of knowledge bases in European regions: searching for spatial regularities and links with innovation performance
Abstract: 
 This paper aims at a greater comprehension of the distribution of differentiated knowledge bases and their association with innovation performance. Drawing on evolutionary economic geography, we applied a combinatorial and dynamic view on knowledge bases. The main contribution is the examination of changes and transformations of knowledge bases over time in particular group of regions in Europe and links with innovation performance. Our study revealed systematic regularities between regions with different innovation performance and their knowledge bases. With decreasing regional innovation performance the volatility of knowledge bases over time increases. Innovation leaders evinced stability over time and the most balanced composition of knowledge bases (compared with Central and Eastern Europe regions). Western European countries and regions exhibit the most balanced structure of knowledge bases. An important complementarity and synergy has been identified in the close relatedness of the symbolic knowledge base to the analytical knowledge base. The highest intensity of SME cooperation takes place in regions with a strong analytical base and in regions with the most balanced mix among all three bases (particularly in the UK, the Netherlands and Belgium. Underperforming in innovation show a balanced mix of synthetic and symbolic knowledge bases.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1366-1388
Issue: 7
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1464128
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1464128
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dália Liberato
Author-X-Name-First: Dália
Author-X-Name-Last: Liberato
Author-Name: Elisa Alén
Author-X-Name-First: Elisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Alén
Author-Name: Pedro Liberato
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro
Author-X-Name-Last: Liberato
Author-Name: Trinidad Domínguez
Author-X-Name-First: Trinidad
Author-X-Name-Last: Domínguez
Title: Governance and cooperation in Euroregions: border tourism between Spain and Portugal
Abstract: 
 There are several obstacles to establish tourism governance policies in a border area and to improve the conceptualization of tourism in border territories transcending the transnational level, using territorial delimitation at Euroregional level. At borders, tourism usually works as a strategic policy tool to strengthen the regional image, shape common identity narratives and facilitate interactions, becoming these regions, nowadays, challenges for the actors of the territory, representing a priority area for the application of territorial development strategies at local level and at the level of the European Union itself. A qualitative analysis was based on performed semistructured interviews with key tourism stakeholders. From the intervieweeś perspective, cooperation should be achieved through cooperation agreements between the business sector and economic agents to develop natural, cultural and heritage resources.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1347-1365
Issue: 7
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1464129
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1464129
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aleksandar D. Slaev
Author-X-Name-First: Aleksandar D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Slaev
Author-Name: Zorica Nedović-Budić
Author-X-Name-First: Zorica
Author-X-Name-Last: Nedović-Budić
Author-Name: Nikola Krunić
Author-X-Name-First: Nikola
Author-X-Name-Last: Krunić
Author-Name: Jasna Petrić
Author-X-Name-First: Jasna
Author-X-Name-Last: Petrić
Author-Name: Diliana Daskalova
Author-X-Name-First: Diliana
Author-X-Name-Last: Daskalova
Title: Suburbanization and sprawl in post-socialist Belgrade and Sofia
Abstract: 
 The goal of this research is to examine the processes of suburbanization and sprawl in two post-socialist capital cities in Southeast Europe – Belgrade, Serbia and Sofia, Bulgaria. Our analysis begins with a survey of relevant historical developments in the two cities, which illustrates the impact of major political, economic and social drivers on urban development processes and form. We follow this with an empirical study aimed at identifying contemporary features of peri-urban processes occurring in the two cities. Specifically, we explore spatial patterns, general population trends and changes in urban densities. Our study confirms earlier observations by other researchers that processes of suburbanization are occurring in Belgrade and Sofia. Yet this research goes further and emphasizes the specific combination of conditions inherited from the era of state socialism and the features of South-east European urban culture. Thus regarding the form of urban expansion, we observe relatively weak trends of sprawl with strong local specifics. On this basis, we discuss our empirical results with the objective of identifying the specifics of studied processes in Belgrade and Sofia as a grounds for the articulation of an appropriate policy framework.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1389-1412
Issue: 7
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1465530
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1465530
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cheng-Yi Lin
Author-X-Name-First: Cheng-Yi
Author-X-Name-Last: Lin
Title: Local and trans-local dynamics of innovation practices in the Taipei design industry: an evolutionary perspective
Abstract: 
 Spatial-organizational proximities are crucial elements underpinning the innovation practices of creative industries. However, few studies have systematically explored how creative industries integrate the heterogeneous synergies of local and trans-local innovation practices as the diversity driving the evolution of a creative cluster within an Asian city. This paper contributes to unpacking the spatiality of local and trans-local innovation practices in the design industry from an evolutionary perspective. Based on 55 semi-structured interviews with Taipei product designers from 2011 to 2015, this paper presents a multi-dimensional framework for the spatiality of innovation practices, which exhibit two evolutionary dynamics in Taipei’s design industry cluster. First, the political-economic context enables the design industry to recombine heterogeneous knowledge by illustrating different proximities and diversities in various spatial-temporal environments. Second, the design industry increasingly depends on local and trans-local innovation practices, leading to a dynamic spatial strategy of design product differentiation. Studying the spatiality of innovation practices in the design industry reveals that the role of strategic agency, not spatial conditions, is crucial to understanding the transformation of the design economy.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1413-1430
Issue: 7
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1465895
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1465895
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dianne Dredge
Author-X-Name-First: Dianne
Author-X-Name-Last: Dredge
Title: The Oxford handbook of megaproject management
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1493-1495
Issue: 7
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1466411
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1466411
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eóin Meehan
Author-X-Name-First: Eóin
Author-X-Name-Last: Meehan
Title: Attracting visitors to ancient neighbourhoods: creation and management of the tourist-historic city of Plymouth, UK
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1495-1497
Issue: 7
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1466422
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1466422
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joana Almeida
Author-X-Name-First: Joana
Author-X-Name-Last: Almeida
Author-Name: José Antunes Ferreira
Author-X-Name-First: José Antunes
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferreira
Author-Name: Beatriz Condessa
Author-X-Name-First: Beatriz
Author-X-Name-Last: Condessa
Author-Name: Ricardo Tomé
Author-X-Name-First: Ricardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Tomé
Title: Improving land readjustment practice. Application of management models to Portugal
Abstract: 
 Whilst the advantages of the application of Land Readjustment (LR) are well known, there are nevertheless numerous countries in which application of LR is difficult or has not been successful. In its analysis of land readjustment constraints, conditions and the international practice, this paper contributes to improving the implementation of an LR system, particularly with respect to the management process. At the international level, management models in seven countries were studied: Australia, France, Germany, Japan, South Korea, Spain and Sweden. In Portugal, three case studies in the municipalities of Almada, Coimbra and Lisbon were selected, with semi-structured interviews being conducted with the respective managing entities. The management models are distinguished by the type of initiative and leadership processes, relations among stakeholders, managing entities and operating rules. It can be concluded that the role of the public authority as the process facilitator from the very initial stages, the existence of a managing entity and a board of specialists, and the legal conditions governing expropriation are key factors for the improvement of land readjustment management.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1431-1449
Issue: 7
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1470228
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1470228
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pedro Porfírio Coutinho Guimarães
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro Porfírio Coutinho
Author-X-Name-Last: Guimarães
Title: The Transformation of Retail Markets in Lisbon: An Analysis through the Lens of Retail Gentrification
Abstract: 
 The relationship between cities and retail is strong and historical. This article focuses on the analysis of traditional retail markets, a retail concept that has lost its relevance in previous decades. However, more recently there has been a reversal of this trend following increased interest in the rehabilitation of these markets. This reinvestment follows the divestment stage and is characterised by the active role that private interests play in the management and operation of these retail precincts. This evolutionary process challenges the capacity of traditional retailers to continue their operations in these markets and the ability of disadvantaged customers to continue shopping there. Furthermore, this development may be indicative of retail gentrification. In this article, the ongoing process of market rehabilitation in Lisbon is analysed to determine whether evidence of retail gentrification has occurred. The use of case studies forms a significant part of the methodology. In addition, eleven retailers were interviewed in three traditional retail markets in Lisbon. The article concludes that direct displacement did not occur in the markets studies. However, because of the divestment in these retail precincts, indirect displacement did affect several retailers.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1450-1470
Issue: 7
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1474177
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1474177
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Corrigendum
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: i-i
Issue: 7
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1474558
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1474558
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Satu Parjanen
Author-X-Name-First: Satu
Author-X-Name-Last: Parjanen
Author-Name: Mirva Hyypiä
Author-X-Name-First: Mirva
Author-X-Name-Last: Hyypiä
Title: Innovation platforms as a solution to the proximity paradox
Abstract: 
 The paper studies what kind of proximities and distances can be found in complex innovation environments. Case-study methods were used, with the research strategy building on experiences of creating a regional innovation platform aimed at development of new models for collaborative co-operation between the private, public and third sector in the context of physical-activity promotion. Building the innovation platform brought various proximities and distances between actors into focus. Distances may explain why some of the actions have not been successful or why some actions involved should be repeated several times. However, this study also highlights the role of distances as sources of various innovation. Distances and proximities are not static, and they could be exploited from a position of knowledge.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1312-1329
Issue: 7
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1476469
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1476469
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jos van den Broek
Author-X-Name-First: Jos
Author-X-Name-Last: van den Broek
Author-Name: Paul Benneworth
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Benneworth
Author-Name: Roel Rutten
Author-X-Name-First: Roel
Author-X-Name-Last: Rutten
Title: Border blocking effects in collaborative firm innovation
Abstract: 
 Border regions are not often associated with innovation and economic prosperity. And even when they are prosperous, cross-border interaction is still mostly limited. The opening up of borders in Europe has presented new opportunities for firms located in these border regions to co-operate for innovation and knowledge to flow across borders. Despite the reduction of the importance of borders, firms seeking to access cross-border knowledge resources need still to ‘cross’ the border and address the various effects it brings. This paper therefore asks the question of how the presence of a border affects the processes by which firms attempt to build up productive co-operations for innovation. We use a heuristic of collaborative innovation across borders as building up through four sequential cooperation stages, and each of these different stages is susceptible to different kinds of border effects. Using a case study of firms co-operating across the Dutch-Flemish border, we empirically explore these border crossing processes in order to shed further light on how border processes play out.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1330-1346
Issue: 7
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1476470
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1476470
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shengjun Zhu
Author-X-Name-First: Shengjun
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu
Author-Name: Wenwan Jin
Author-X-Name-First: Wenwan
Author-X-Name-Last: Jin
Author-Name: Canfei He
Author-X-Name-First: Canfei
Author-X-Name-Last: He
Title: On evolutionary economic geography: a literature review using bibliometric analysis
Abstract: 
 During the past few decades, there has been growing attention paid towards evolutionary economic geography (EEG) perspectives, methodologies, and concepts in various disciplines such as geography, urban studies, and regional science. In order to better understand the development of EEG studies, this paper employs multiple bibliometric analyses. Specifically, it examines the temporal evolution of keyword co-occurrence network and the reference co-citation network of EEG publications during the last few decades to reveal the temporal evolution and spatial distribution of EEG publications, scholarly communication, research fronts, and intellectual structure of the scientific field.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 639-660
Issue: 4
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1568395
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1568395
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adam Whittle
Author-X-Name-First: Adam
Author-X-Name-Last: Whittle
Title: Local and nonlocal knowledge typologies: technological complexity in the Irish knowledge space
Abstract: 
 This paper advances a measure of knowledge complexity to analyse for Ireland whether more complex knowledge is generated by local or foreign firms. Information on assignees, technological structure and global ownership contained within a recently developed Irish patent database forms the basis for distinguishing between technologies developed by local and nonlocal firms. Thereafter, our knowledge complexity index uses a modified bipartite network to link these technologies to their country of origin, i.e. local or nonlocal. Our results indicate that the most complex technologies tend to be produced in a few diverse regions. Furthermore, the majority of complex knowledge is generated in technology classes where the share of foreign activity is greater than local firms.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 661-677
Issue: 4
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1567695
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1567695
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Loris Servillo
Author-X-Name-First: Loris
Author-X-Name-Last: Servillo
Title: Tailored polities in the shadow of the state&#x2019;s hierarchy. The CLLD implementation and a future research agenda
Abstract: 
 The paper provides a theoretical contribution to the multi-level governance debate, discussing the role of the policy instruments in tailoring polities for local development strategies. To this purpose, it examines the Community-Led Local Development (CLLD), a policy tool of the EU Cohesion Policy 2014&#x2013;2020, which has generated more than 3000 local initiatives across the EU. An institutionalist perspective enables a reflection on the multi-level normative dimensions of these local initiatives. A combination of the post-functionalist governance theory, the soft space debate, state-theory and strategic-relational approach provides an interpretative framework to be deployed for a dedicated research agenda. The interpretative challenge is about whether the CLLD enables spatial-temporal fixes in which a deliberative polity pursues a spatial imaginary for an ad-hoc territory. The consequent analytical dimensions can be found in (a) the relationship between attendant ad-hoc polity, policy agenda, territorial design and societal processes; and (b) the meta-governance dimensions that locate the bottom-up constituency of this institutional technology in the shadow of state&#x2019;s hierarchy. An overview of the CLLD implementation across the EU provides evidence on the latter.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 678-698
Issue: 4
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1569595
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1569595
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maja Ro&#x10D;ak
Author-X-Name-First: Maja
Author-X-Name-Last: Ro&#x10D;ak
Title: Perspectives of civil society on governance of urban shrinkage: the cases of Heerlen (Netherlands) and Blaenau Gwent (Wales) compared
Abstract: 
 In light of the ongoing urban shrinkage debate, planners stressed the need for new planning concepts and strategies. In this respect, the relevance of involving civil society in governance of urban shrinkage has been emphasized. So far, however these issues have received limited attention. This paper aims to contribute to the debate by investigating (1) how actors in civil society experience urban shrinkage and (2) their perspectives on the governance of urban shrinkage. We study this in two shrinking medium-sized cities: Heerlen (the Netherlands) and Blaenau Gwent (Wales). To answer these research questions, we make use of the concept of social capital. We follow a comparative case study design, primarily basing the analysis on data from 52 in-depth interviews. In the case studies, specific patterns of social capital can be observed: strong place attachment, strong informal participation and weak trust of civil society in local governments. However, the experience of urban shrinkage and the reaction to shrinkage differs. We conclude that understanding shrinkage and addressing it are predominately context related. Explanations based on historical developments and welfare state provisions are offered. The paper ends with reflections on the implications of these findings for governance of urban shrinkage.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 699-721
Issue: 4
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1549208
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1549208
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Helle Nedergaard Nielsen
Author-X-Name-First: Helle Nedergaard
Author-X-Name-Last: Nielsen
Author-Name: Sara Bj&#xF8;rn Aaen
Author-X-Name-First: Sara Bj&#xF8;rn
Author-X-Name-Last: Aaen
Author-Name: Ivar Lyhne
Author-X-Name-First: Ivar
Author-X-Name-Last: Lyhne
Author-Name: Matthew Cashmore
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew
Author-X-Name-Last: Cashmore
Title: Confronting institutional boundaries to public participation: a case of the Danish energy sector
Abstract: 
 Although public participation has become an integrated part of planning practice, experience and documents literature still document difficulties in implementing participatory planning processes that provide arenas where citizens can truly influence planning. Based on a combination of institutional theory and action research methodology, this paper focuses on the institutional boundaries to introducing participatory practices by exploring openings and closures to the adoption of participatory planning processes by the Danish energy transmission system operator (TSO). Public participation in the Danish energy sector is characterized by complex institutional arrangements. The study shows how institutional boundaries are perceived by planners and how openings and closures can be identified and developed in an action research approach. The study reveals that citizen involvement has the potential to influence existing power structures but is highly challenged by an instrumentialised and sector-divided planning.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 722-738
Issue: 4
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1569594
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1569594
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kaisa Granqvist
Author-X-Name-First: Kaisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Granqvist
Author-Name: Sauli Sarjamo
Author-X-Name-First: Sauli
Author-X-Name-Last: Sarjamo
Author-Name: Raine M&#xE4;ntysalo
Author-X-Name-First: Raine
Author-X-Name-Last: M&#xE4;ntysalo
Title: Polycentricity as spatial imaginary: the case of Helsinki City Plan
Abstract: 
 The paper analyses with a case study the use of a widely applied normative concept of polycentricity as spatial imaginary. The case study of Helsinki City Plan and the conflict over its city-boulevard scheme draws on qualitative content analysis of planning documents and expert interviews. It demonstrates the instrumental role of multiple interpretations of polycentricity in tension-ridden metropolitan and city-regional spatial planning. The conflict reveals how the conceptual ambiguity of polycentricity and the institutional vagueness of city-regional planning have together enabled advancing contradictory political aims under their guise. In conclusion, the paper emphasizes the persuasive performativity and fluidity of polycentricity as a spatial imaginary in multi-scalar planning settings.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 739-758
Issue: 4
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1569596
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1569596
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefano De Falco
Author-X-Name-First: Stefano
Author-X-Name-Last: De Falco
Title: Are smart cities global cities? A European perspective
Abstract: 
 Typical of the 1990s, the global cities phenomenon preceded the past decade&#x2019;s massive spread of smart cities. Yet the question of how the two phenomena currently coincide remains to be considered, as well as an analysis based on viewing smart cities as global cities. An analysis related to the European scenario is developed in this article, aimed at giving a response to the previous considerations. An index is also proposed; concerning the global character of the cities, it considers the ability of the cities to attract Foreign Direct Investments (FDI). Results of the proposed analysis show that in Europe four main scenarios exist. Two regarding positive and negative correlations between the diffusion of global and smart cities, and another two scenarios demonstrate cases in which the two features are not correlated. The first two cases are respectively related to smart cities that are also global cities. The last two cases deal with the presence of different drivers that are not related to smart urban plans, which could, however, drive the attraction of FDI or which could also promote smart actions without the thrust of FDI. Correlation and regression analyses complement the work.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 759-783
Issue: 4
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1568396
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1568396
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:27:y:2019:i:4:p:759-783




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roberto Cellini
Author-X-Name-First: Roberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Cellini
Author-Name: Tiziana Cuccia
Author-X-Name-First: Tiziana
Author-X-Name-Last: Cuccia
Title: Do behaviours in cultural markets affect economic resilience? An analysis of Italian regions
Abstract: 
 The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relation between the economic resilience and cultural behaviour, resorting to the evidence provided by 20 Italian regions at the time of Great Recession. We consider specific cultural behaviours, which provide a specific meaning of culture; its relation with the economic resilience of regions is analysed. We document that higher levels of supplied and demanded quantity of cultural goods in a region are associated with higher regional economic resilience as measured by the ability of limiting employment drop; the relation with the considered cultural behaviours is weaker in the case of economic resilience as measured by the ability of limiting income drop. We propose possible explanations for this asymmetry.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 784-801
Issue: 4
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1568397
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1568397
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: T&#xFC;lin Selvi &#xDC;nl&#xFC;
Author-X-Name-First: T&#xFC;lin
Author-X-Name-Last: Selvi &#xDC;nl&#xFC;
Title: Urban memory and planning: investigating the use of oral history
Abstract: 
 Investigation of the reciprocal relation between individuals and space within its cultural and historical evolution allow us to conceive the intrinsic qualities and dynamics of any space in its context and to develop new conceptions to explain what kind of a place it is. Oral history provides opportunities to listen to the voice of space as well as a new way to discover its unique and different characteristics that give the users the feeling of belonging and place attachment. In this study, the place of oral history method in historiography, its use in diverse disciplines related to the shaping of urban space, such as urban planning and architecture, and the possible contribution of oral history to planning and designing urban space are discussed. It is revealed that the use of oral history in research and practice can give effect to develop a sense of belonging for all users and to achieve sustainability of urban memory. For this reason, place-based studies and utilization of oral history method within them are of significant importance, for either acquiring the knowledge embedded in memories or understanding the expectations of users or to provide solutions to place-based problems.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 802-817
Issue: 4
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1567696
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1567696
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Petr &#x160;a&#x161;inka
Author-X-Name-First: Petr
Author-X-Name-Last: &#x160;a&#x161;inka
Author-Name: Josef Kunc
Author-X-Name-First: Josef
Author-X-Name-Last: Kunc
Author-Name: Bohumil Frant&#xE1;l
Author-X-Name-First: Bohumil
Author-X-Name-Last: Frant&#xE1;l
Author-Name: Zden&#x11B;k Dvo&#x159;&#xE1;k
Author-X-Name-First: Zden&#x11B;k
Author-X-Name-Last: Dvo&#x159;&#xE1;k
Title: Cooperation differs. Intentions of municipalities towards metropolitan cooperation in post-socialist space &#x2013; Brno, Czech Republic
Abstract: 
 The long-term regional policy of metropolitan regions contributes to the socio-economic development of the entire functional region as it prevents the disharmony in the activity of the interested actors. In the Czech environment, metropolitan cooperation has not been institutionalized yet, which is remarkable while its importance is emphasized in many developed countries and the development of metropolitan regions is greatly supported by EU through the tool ITI. Moreover, a fully-fledged expert interdisciplinary discussion on this issue, which would provide valid conclusions for the needs of the planning practice, is developing rather slowly. The presented contribution is filling this research gap by analysing and assessing the potential of municipalities for metropolitan cooperation in post-socialist space (mainly through institutional cooperation), using a relevant literature, assessing the results of a questionnaire survey and empirical experiences from the model territory of Brno metropolitan area (BMA). The results of the research indicate a willingness to set-up more formal institutionalization of metropolitan cooperation. It would be feasible to transfer some competencies to a newly established metropolitan expert platform/agency. However, cooperation is significantly linked to the awareness of its benefits (not only of a financial character) and to the requirement of keeping &#x2018;basic&#x2019; self-governing competencies.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 818-840
Issue: 4
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1569597
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1569597
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Silvia Rita Sedita
Author-X-Name-First: Silvia Rita
Author-X-Name-Last: Sedita
Author-Name: Ivan De Noni
Author-X-Name-First: Ivan
Author-X-Name-Last: De Noni
Author-Name: Luciano Pilotti
Author-X-Name-First: Luciano
Author-X-Name-Last: Pilotti
Title: Out of the crisis: an empirical investigation of place-specific determinants of economic resilience
Abstract: 
 This article attempts to isolate the structural characteristics that affect the resilience of a regional economy. It focuses on the role played by related/unrelated variety and differentiated knowledge bases as drivers for regional resilience and originally explores their interdependences. Italy is the empirical setting, and Italian local labour systems the unit of analysis. Regional resilience is measured as growth of the employment rate after the Great Recession that began in 2008. Results confirm the importance of related variety and of differentiated knowledge bases as drivers for regional resilience. We found support of the creative capacity of culture argument, providing evidence that a moderate concentration in symbolic knowledge-based economic activities contributes to resilience. Synthetic and analytical knowledge-based activities provide positive and no support to regional resilience, respectively. Finally, the relatedness of the symbolic knowledge-based activities increases regional economic resilience. Some policy implications are then derived from these findings.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 155-180
Issue: 2
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1261804
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1261804
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jacopo Canello
Author-X-Name-First: Jacopo
Author-X-Name-Last: Canello
Title: Outward foreign direct investment, offshore outsourcing and local network resilience in industrial districts
Abstract: 
 The internationalization of production activities is having a profound impact on regional economies. In this regard, it is generating externalities not only in the countries where production is offshored, but also in the domestic networks in which the internationalizing firms are located. Therefore, this paper investigates the effects of outward foreign direct investment and offshore outsourcing activities on domestic supplier populations in industrial districts (IDs). The aim is to evaluate the ability of these systems to react to the structural shocks associated with internationalization strategies. The results show that local network resilience is generally higher in advanced forms of IDs, where the role of large firms or service activities is more relevant.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 181-201
Issue: 2
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1257568
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1257568
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mads Bruun Ingstrup
Author-X-Name-First: Mads Bruun
Author-X-Name-Last: Ingstrup
Author-Name: Susanne Jensen
Author-X-Name-First: Susanne
Author-X-Name-Last: Jensen
Author-Name: Poul Rind Christensen
Author-X-Name-First: Poul Rind
Author-X-Name-Last: Christensen
Title: Cluster evolution and the change of knowledge bases: the development of a design cluster
Abstract: 
 Most studies portray cluster knowledge bases as a given resource, tied to specific industries and locations. However, this paper challenges that view and uncovers their dynamic nature by identifying endogenous and exogenous triggering events that influence and change the cluster knowledge base mix over time. This is done by building on the theoretical concepts of pre-existing conditions, triggering events and knowledge bases and by drawing on a case study of the design cluster located in the Triangle Area of Denmark. The paper concludes that the design cluster has changed its mix of knowledge bases several times during its evolution. Starting out as a firm-driven cluster with a dominant synthetic knowledge base, it then evolved into an artistic and creative cluster with a prevailing symbolic knowledge base. In the last few years, the cluster has increasingly adopted an analytical knowledge base at the expense of other knowledge bases. These developments have caused numerous changes in both knowledge building and the sources of knowledge in and around the cluster. These findings have implications for the framing of cluster knowledge bases, considering how they emerge, change and combine, as well as how that affects clusters’ composition of actors, activities and resources.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 202-220
Issue: 2
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1276885
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1276885
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jannes van Loon
Author-X-Name-First: Jannes
Author-X-Name-Last: van Loon
Author-Name: Manuel B. Aalbers
Author-X-Name-First: Manuel B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Aalbers
Title: How real estate became ‘just another asset class’: the financialization of the investment strategies of Dutch institutional investors
Abstract: 
 The managers of a growing wall of money are continuously searching for investment opportunities. The financialization literature describes how this mobile capital puts pressure on commodities, debt, public services and economic activities to transform into investable, tradable, financial products. Regarding real estate, these investigations show how opaque, local, non-standardized goods, highly depending on both local legislation and developments, have been transformed into liquid, globally traded financial assets. By analysing the real estate investment strategies of Dutch institutional investors since the 1980s, this paper shows how a quantitative framework increasingly provides the basis for institutional investors’ real estate investment strategies. Direct ownership of properties has been exchanged into shares of properties, that is, fictitious capital, creating an impetus for ‘objectified numbers’ to measure the performance of these indirect investments. As knowledge about real estate has been outsourced, Dutch institutional investors now perceive real estate increasingly as ‘just another asset class’, thereby increasing leverage and volatility. This paper not only shows how finance ‘financialized’ itself by adopting a quantitative investment perspective, but it also offers an empirical account on how investment properties are transformed into financial assets that put pressure on state agencies to mobilize urban planning to deliver more of such assets.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 221-240
Issue: 2
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1277693
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1277693
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Guido Ferilli
Author-X-Name-First: Guido
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferilli
Author-Name: Pier Luigi Sacco
Author-X-Name-First: Pier Luigi
Author-X-Name-Last: Sacco
Author-Name: Giorgio Tavano Blessi
Author-X-Name-First: Giorgio
Author-X-Name-Last: Tavano Blessi
Author-Name: Stefano Forbici
Author-X-Name-First: Stefano
Author-X-Name-Last: Forbici
Title: Power to the people: when culture works as a social catalyst in urban regeneration processes (and when it does not)
Abstract: 
 This article focuses upon the relationship between culture, urban regeneration schemes, and their impact on socio-cognitive assets – namely, social and human capital. It examines three major urban regeneration projects in the districts of Saint Michel (Montreal, Canada), Auburn (Sydney, Australia) and Bicocca (Milan, Italy), where culture has been invoked as a main transformational driver at the economic and socio-environmental levels, but with different approaches and results. Through comparative analysis, we develop a more general reflection on the social impact of culture-led urban transformation processes, questioning the actual role of cultural initiatives – particularly those related to the creation of new cultural facilities and the programming of big cultural flagship events – and participation as a means to improve the local social milieu. We find that a key role for social efficacy is played by projects’ capacity to elicit the commitment of residents through inclusive cultural participation, as opposed to instrumental top-down initiatives mainly addressing city and neighbourhood branding and real estate marketing purposes.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 241-258
Issue: 2
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1259397
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1259397
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juho Luukkonen
Author-X-Name-First: Juho
Author-X-Name-Last: Luukkonen
Title: A practice theoretical perspective on the Europeanization of spatial planning
Abstract: 
 This paper provides a practice theoretical approach for examining the processes of the Europeanization of spatial planning. While the supply of studies on the questions of how, where and when the Europeanization of spatial planning takes place is rich and diverse, the temporal and spatial aspects of the processes have been studied from a rather narrow perspective. In many of the studies, time and space have been examined as objective, pre-existing features of the processes, which has resulted in interpretations of Europeanization as a temporally successive and spatially scalar process. The paper has two main goals. First, it seeks to outline European spatial planning as a distinctive field of political and academic interaction whose central constitutive elements are interconnected policy and research practices. Second, as a more general theoretical goal, the paper develops a practice theoretical approach for examining the processes of Europeanization. In this paper, it is argued that the policy and research practices constitute a temporal–spatial infrastructure for Europeanization. This infrastructure consists of both objective configurations of the practices and the existential temporal–spatial dimensions opened in the practices.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 259-277
Issue: 2
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1260092
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1260092
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marija Maksin
Author-X-Name-First: Marija
Author-X-Name-Last: Maksin
Author-Name: Marina Nenković-Riznić
Author-X-Name-First: Marina
Author-X-Name-Last: Nenković-Riznić
Author-Name: Saša Milijić
Author-X-Name-First: Saša
Author-X-Name-Last: Milijić
Author-Name: Vladica Ristić
Author-X-Name-First: Vladica
Author-X-Name-Last: Ristić
Title: The impacts of spatial planning on the sustainable territorial development of the Rhine-Danube Trans-European Transport Corridor through Serbia
Abstract: 
 The Danube River is both the international waterway E-80 and the Rhine-Danube Core Network Corridor of nine European corridors in the trans-European transport network, and it is the core area of the most significant Danubian development axis in the Republic of Serbia. The present research focus of this paper is the integrated impact of spatial planning on achieving the sustainable territorial development of the Rhine-Danube Corridor through Serbia and its potential transboundary impact. Integrated assessment (environmental and social), based on the combined application of the standard strategic environmental assessment (SEA) method and the newly presented adapted strategic environmental assessment (ASEA) method, has made it possible to predict the effects of future activities on the sustainable territorial development of the waterway corridor, not only in Serbia, but also in other Danubian countries. The applied combination of the SEA and ASEA methods is presented in the form of key planning solutions in three selected sectors: international inland waterway, water management infrastructure and tourism. The results indicate that the negative impacts of potential conflicts between the planning solutions are far greater than the negative impacts of individual planning solutions, and that it is more difficult to control and mitigate or neutralize them.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 278-297
Issue: 2
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1260691
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1260691
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: José Miguel Navarro-Azorín
Author-X-Name-First: José Miguel
Author-X-Name-Last: Navarro-Azorín
Author-Name: Andrés Artal-Tur
Author-X-Name-First: Andrés
Author-X-Name-Last: Artal-Tur
Title: How much does urban location matter for growth?
Abstract: 
 This paper analyses the effect of location characteristics on urban growth using regression cubic splines. Our empirical analysis shows that in Spain, differences in accessibility to major urban centres and geographic isolation help explain differences in population growth rates across municipalities between 2001 and 2014. Moreover, even though physical proximity to large cities is usually assumed to be closely related to the attractiveness of a municipality, we found that urban population growth is even more related to the joint effect of distance to major centres and agglomeration. In this respect, there seems to be a threshold from which agglomeration diseconomies come into play such that a greater proximity to major cities and/or being localized within a more densely populated area goes against local growth.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 298-313
Issue: 2
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1262825
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1262825
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Irène Mboumoua
Author-X-Name-First: Irène
Author-X-Name-Last: Mboumoua
Title: Revisiting the growth coalition concept to analyse the success of the Crossrail London megaproject
Abstract: 
 There is a common perception that infrastructure megaprojects are difficult to implement, as they face many obstacles (cost overruns, political barriers and time delays). This was particularly the case in the UK where many projects were difficult to develop given a complex, centralized and turbulent financial context (e.g. the jubilee Line extension, the Eurostar project). Despite this complex British system, London is developing the Crossrail mega infrastructure project which is recognized to be on time and built within a planned budget. The paper aims to analyse the reasons for the development of this project in a turbulent political and financial British system. The main argument I defend is that Crossrail benefited from the constitution of a specific and localized growth coalition. Revisiting the notion developed by Logan and Molotch, I show how the aggregation of different interests (political and economic) has been essential in the concretization of this project. Actors motivated by the will to promote the growth of London and to sustain the growth of population and jobs have been at the forefront to defend Crossrail. These elements have put Crossrail on a route of success. The paper concludes by characterizing and analysing such a success.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 314-331
Issue: 2
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1272547
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1272547
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:25:y:2017:i:2:p:314-331




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel Rauhut
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Rauhut
Title: Polycentricity – one concept or many?
Abstract: 
 This paper aims to discuss polycentrism and its implications. Polycentricity plays a key role in EU Cohesion Policy and has done so since 1999 when the notion was included in the European Spatial Development Perspective. Politically, it emerged as a key tool because of its ability to fuse together the two primary and conflicting perceptions of spatial–economic development, cohesion and competitiveness. No agreed definition of polycentricity exists. Furthermore, different actors and disciplines define polycentrism differently. The absence of a concise and coherent definition makes it difficult to measure polycentricity. Moreover, several studies have concluded that it is difficult to identify empirical evidence to support the positive claims made in its name. Polycentrism is assumed toolbox to reduce regional disparities, but polycentric countries display higher regional disparities than monocentric countries. Polycentric countries do not perform better than monocentric countries with regard to competitiveness and GDP/cap. As such, this paper concludes that not only does the political meaning of polycentricity struggle over aims with the inherit dichotomy at its heart, it also struggles in terms of basic credibility.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 332-348
Issue: 2
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1276157
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1276157
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:25:y:2017:i:2:p:332-348




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ole H. Sørensen
Author-X-Name-First: Ole H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sørensen
Title: The governance of socio-technical systems: explaining change
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 349-350
Issue: 2
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1253326
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1253326
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eduardo Oliveira
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Oliveira
Title: Situated practices of strategic planning – an international perspective
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 351-354
Issue: 2
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1254322
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1254322
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Valtteri Laasonen
Author-X-Name-First: Valtteri
Author-X-Name-Last: Laasonen
Author-Name: Jari Kolehmainen
Author-X-Name-First: Jari
Author-X-Name-Last: Kolehmainen
Title: Capabilities in knowledge-based regional development – towards a dynamic framework
Abstract: 
 There are only a few studies dealing with capabilities in the knowledge-based regional development and especially in implementation of contemporary innovation policy. Drawing upon the resource-based view, the capability perspective identifies combinations of regional resources and capabilities that generate competitive advantage. In light of theoretical and empirical advancement, this paper introduces a capability framework to reveal the multi-layered and dynamic nature of capabilities in knowledge-based regional development. The paper argues that in the regional context, it is important to consider and analyse (1) the organizational level resource and knowledge base and (2) ways in which the regional networks of organizations, engaged in knowledge-based development activities, exploit and renew regional resources and capabilities. The empirical analysis is based on personal in-depth interviews and document analysis. The findings indicate that studies on knowledge-based regional development should pay more attention to the capabilities of the actors involved in development processes. Innovation policy should be viewed as a means to mobilize, renew, build and acquire new resources and capabilities in a region and should aim to build and stimulate regional network-level capabilities for economic renewal.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1673-1692
Issue: 10
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1337727
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1337727
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luciana Lazzeretti
Author-X-Name-First: Luciana
Author-X-Name-Last: Lazzeretti
Author-Name: Francesco Capone
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco
Author-X-Name-Last: Capone
Author-Name: Niccolò Innocenti
Author-X-Name-First: Niccolò
Author-X-Name-Last: Innocenti
Title: Exploring the intellectual structure of creative economy research and local economic development: a co-citation analysis
Abstract: 
 The aim of the present research is to investigate the intellectual structure of creative economy research (CER) with a bibliometric analysis based on co-citation. Firstly, we try to reconstruct the evolution of academic research on creative economy with particular attention to the themes of regional and local economic development. Secondly, we investigate the community of contributions/actors that contributed to its generation throughout social network analysis. We analyse publications collected from ISI Web of Science, which includes all academic works starting from the seminal contribution of Department of Culture Media and Sport in 1998. Through the analysis of 941 publications produced over 16 years, we investigate the evolution of CER. Then we apply a relational analysis exploring co-citations of ‘disseminators’ and founders’ work’ of CER. Results underline that creative economy may be considered as a successful multidisciplinary paradigm born and developed in English-speaking countries, developed even on a global level, and still in a developmental phase. The internal structure of research appears fragmented in many sub-communities concentrated around some key concepts. Whereas creative class and creative city contribute to the foundation of the field, cultural and creative industries are the most important and recent topic.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1693-1713
Issue: 10
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1337728
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1337728
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rokhsaneh Rahbarianyazd
Author-X-Name-First: Rokhsaneh
Author-X-Name-Last: Rahbarianyazd
Author-Name: Naciye Doratli
Author-X-Name-First: Naciye
Author-X-Name-Last: Doratli
Title: Assessing the contribution of cultural agglomeration in urban regeneration through developing cultural strategies
Abstract: 
 The recent discussion regarding contemporary urban regeneration has underlined the increasing role of art and cultural agglomeration as an essential part of a progressive agenda for local development. In fact, there is a good deal of literature which is related to specific and finite cultural strategies. Although scholars, in some cases, may suggest other perspectives, their value narrows to a comprehensive evaluation regarding the possible interpretation of cultural agglomeration in respect of urban regeneration. Accordingly, this study, by using an interdisciplinary systemic approach based on the clustering of cultural carriers, developed the cultural strategies under a six concepts scheme. The study then, through developing a method based on modes and development approach of cultural agglomeration, recategorized the six mentioned strategies into three major categories of cultural strategies, to find out their contribution in the process of urban regeneration. Overall, the study revealed the extent of cultural agglomeration as a method of developing cultural strategies in urban regeneration.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1714-1733
Issue: 10
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1317721
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1317721
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ingvild Jøranli
Author-X-Name-First: Ingvild
Author-X-Name-Last: Jøranli
Author-Name: Sverre J. Herstad
Author-X-Name-First: Sverre J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Herstad
Title: Urban concentration and labour market linkages in the Norwegian ICT services sector
Abstract: 
 Building on research that emphasizes the dependence of services firms on the networks and experiences of individual employees, this paper investigates the urban concentration of information and communication technology services employment in Norway from the perspective of labour market linkages. It finds that urban regions generally provide firms with access to sector-specific expertise. Beyond this, intrinsic region characteristics determine the position of individual firms in national labour markets for expertise: Firms in the dominant university town have strong contact points to academic labour markets, whereas firms in the industrial stronghold of the Western Capital region exploit a broader range of recruitment channels than firms in any of the other urban and non-urban locations. The results illustrate how capability building through recruitment is influenced by local conditions, and imply that the industry will continue to concentrate in the large-city regions where surrounding organizations provide firms with priveliged access to expertise. Implications for research, innovation policy and societal development more generally are drawn.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1734-1755
Issue: 10
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1337726
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1337726
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rikard H. Eriksson
Author-X-Name-First: Rikard H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Eriksson
Author-Name: Høgni Kalsø Hansen
Author-X-Name-First: Høgni Kalsø
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen
Author-Name: Lars Winther
Author-X-Name-First: Lars
Author-X-Name-Last: Winther
Title: Employment growth and regional development: industrial change and contextual differences between Denmark and Sweden
Abstract: 
 This paper explores the potential drivers behind uneven regional development in the context of employment growth in Denmark and Sweden. In particular, we are interested in the roles of urbanization, industrial change and the rise of the new economy as manifested in the growth of the two economies in 2002–2007. The aim of this paper is, therefore, to analyse the impact of a number of key industrial sectors on regional employment growth in the two countries. The empirical analysis is based on longitudinal matched employer–employee data retrieved from official registers in each economy from 2002 to 2007, a period of strong national growth following the crisis of early 2000. Our findings indicate that the two economies follow a similar pattern in addressing total employment growth; but looking at changes in employment levels across the national borders of these two relatively similar open economies, we find that, although in general these economies react relatively similarly to changes, embarking on a narrower analysis of the individual sectors reveals marked national differences. This indicates that context matters in the analysis of regional economic dynamics in terms of structure, system and policy.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1756-1778
Issue: 10
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1338673
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1338673
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Liisa Horelli
Author-X-Name-First: Liisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Horelli
Title: Engendering urban planning in different contexts – successes, constraints and consequences
Abstract: 
 Cities are rapidly transforming into complex places which traditional approaches to urban planning have difficulties to deal with. The new EU- and UN-urban agendas still lack gender-awareness concerning the supportive infrastructure of everyday life that enhances the opportunities for both women and men with different backgrounds and orientations to muddle through in the complex daily contexts. I argue that, in addition to mainstreaming gender equality as a top-down endeavour, there is a need for an expansion of engendering urban planning, which requires different ways of dealing with varying types of planning from the gender perspective. The aim of the article is to present and discuss the results of an explorative study with qualitative methods which has tested with examples a framework for engendering urban planning in different contexts. These are (1) Gender mainstreaming comprehensive urban planning (Vienna); (2) Gender-sensitive advocacy planning (Barcelona); (3) Gender+ self-organizing around urban planning &amp; development (Helsinki); (4) Gender-aware co-governance with public, private, people-partnerships (Athens). The results corroborate the argument but lead to a new one concerning the engendering of new approaches, such as Expanded urban planning that might alleviate dealing with complexities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1779-1796
Issue: 10
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1339781
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1339781
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ilaria Zambon
Author-X-Name-First: Ilaria
Author-X-Name-Last: Zambon
Author-Name: Pere Serra
Author-X-Name-First: Pere
Author-X-Name-Last: Serra
Author-Name: Massimiliano Bencardino
Author-X-Name-First: Massimiliano
Author-X-Name-Last: Bencardino
Author-Name: Margherita Carlucci
Author-X-Name-First: Margherita
Author-X-Name-Last: Carlucci
Author-Name: Luca Salvati
Author-X-Name-First: Luca
Author-X-Name-Last: Salvati
Title: Prefiguring a future city: urban growth, spatial planning and the economic local context in Catalonia
Abstract: 
 This study undertook a quantitative analysis of town master plans to define future urban growth. Spatial direction and intensity of urban expansion were analysed in relation to local contexts using land zoning and a comprehensive database of socio-economic indicators at the municipal scale in Catalonia, Spain. Our results illustrate a progressive shift towards discontinuous settlements consolidating urban centres in most accessible rural areas. Contrary to what was hypothesized (and partly observed) in recent decades, settlement expansion will modestly contribute to a balanced urban spatial structure. Future urban development in Catalonia will not follow a polycentric model, fuelling instead the growth of medium and small urban centres. This process may consolidate the incipient divide in rural areas with high accessibility and a dynamic economic base with remote inland areas experiencing land abandonment and depopulation. The use of indicators derived from town master plans in the assessment of (scattered or polycentric) future urbanization in Europe is finally discussed.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1797-1817
Issue: 10
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1344193
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1344193
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marilena Papageorgiou
Author-X-Name-First: Marilena
Author-X-Name-Last: Papageorgiou
Title: Spatial planning in transition in Greece: a critical overview
Abstract: 
 Greece is a country undergoing major changes in its course towards recovering from the recession and meeting the desirable economic standards. Over the past years, a series of legislative acts have reformed not only the sectoral policies and guidelines for the development of the main economic sectors of the country, but also the spatial planning policy and system, which in the period of just two years (between 2014 and 2016) underwent a double reform (Laws 4269 and 4447). Planning procedures became more ‘favourable’ to investments and the market’s needs. However, despite this early shift towards a more flexible and neoliberal approach, competitiveness and economic growth have not yet been achieved, whilst spatial planning is still ‘on hold’, leading to further entrepreneurial hesitancy and to a further delay in meeting the State’s requisite economic goals. The paper aims to contribute to the ongoing discussion regarding the future of spatial planning in Greece, in view of achieving economic stability and prosperity. The paper concludes that a suitable spatial planning model for Greece should prioritize public interest and territorial justice, in a way that it will not asphyxiate or discourage private sector initiatives that are so needed for the economic recovery.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1818-1833
Issue: 10
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1344194
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1344194
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luisa Alamá-Sabater
Author-X-Name-First: Luisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Alamá-Sabater
Author-Name: Maite Alguacil
Author-X-Name-First: Maite
Author-X-Name-Last: Alguacil
Author-Name: Joan Serafí Bernat-Martí
Author-X-Name-First: Joan Serafí
Author-X-Name-Last: Bernat-Martí
Title: New patterns in the locational choice of immigrants in Spain
Abstract: 
 During recent years, Spain has experienced an important revolution in its migration flows. With the 2008–2013 Spanish financial crisis, the model of economic growth that attracted a large number of foreign people disappeared, and the entry of immigrants for reasons other than economic issues gained relevance. Linked with this phenomenon are the new patterns of locational choice across provinces and the variation in the nature of immigrants. In this paper, we examine the differential patterns and drivers of immigration across Spanish regions before and after the financial crisis. Special attention is paid to the question of how the characteristics of individual migrants influence their locational preferences. To answer this question, we use the Dirichlet multinomial regression model. The results obtained show a sharp change in the locational patterns of Spanish immigrants after the economic recession, confirming that traditional economic incentives are less relevant, while non-economic factors linked with a better lifestyle gain importance. They also reveal that, regardless of the economic conditions, network effects are strong. Finally, and what is probably more important for us, our estimates support the hypothesis that the locational preferences rely on the interaction between the immigrants’ characteristics and the underlying locational features.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1834-1855
Issue: 10
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1344622
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1344622
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eduardo Medeiros
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Medeiros
Title: From smart growth to European spatial planning: a new paradigm for EU cohesion policy post-2020
Abstract: 
 Formally initiated in 1989, European Union (EU) cohesion policy (ECP) has since passed through a series of metamorphoses, along its five programming periods, while becoming the most financed EU policy. As its name indicates, its initial goals were earmarked for promoting economic and social cohesion, following the intentions expressed in the Single European Act. Since then, from a policy strategy intervention point of view, ECP has shifted into a financial tool to promote investment for growth and jobs. In the meantime, European spatial planning (ESP), which had its debating pinnacle with the release of the European Spatial Development Perspective, by 1999, has declined in interest and narrowed into a novel notion of Territorial Cohesion. In this challenging context, this article analyses the implementation and main impacts of ECP and proposes a new strategic paradigm, built around a novel ‘ESP’ vision, backed by the main pillars and dimensions of territorial development and cohesion. More particularly, we suggest that the current rationale for a smart, sustainable and inclusive growth could instead fuel an alternative strategic design based on a cohesive and sustainable development vision: green economy, balanced territory, good governance and social cohesion.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1856-1875
Issue: 10
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1337729
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1337729
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah De Boeck
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah
Author-X-Name-Last: De Boeck
Author-Name: David Bassens
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Bassens
Author-Name: Michael Ryckewaert
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Ryckewaert
Title: Easing spatial inequalities? An analysis of the anticipated effects of Urban Enterprise Zones in Brussels
Abstract: 
 This paper offers an ex-ante policy analysis of the Zone of Economic Expansion (ZEE) in inner-city neighbourhoods of the Brussels Canal Area. It identifies the anticipated effects by scrutinizing the impact of a similar and already implemented Urban Enterprise Zone – the Zone Franche Urbaine – in the city centre Roubaix (Lille). The key question is whether the ZEE can be interpreted as a policy measure to effectively reduce spatial inequalities, or rather, as a measure that will stimulate private land rent valorization strategies with (industrial) gentrification effects. The ex-ante analysis suggests that synchronously implemented territorial policies that seek to enhance functional mixing, will undercut the ability to boost local job creation, yet will displace economic activity and reinforce uneven development within the metropolitan area. Observing this conundrum, the paper reviews the potential of policies that centre on foundational and/or ethnic economic activities that are more in tune with already existing local economic activities and labour markets, and may be more fruitful in achieving social mobility of the current residents.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1876-1895
Issue: 10
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1333577
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1333577
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marco Capasso
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Capasso
Author-Name: Eric James Iversen
Author-X-Name-First: Eric James
Author-X-Name-Last: Iversen
Author-Name: Antje Klitkou
Author-X-Name-First: Antje
Author-X-Name-Last: Klitkou
Author-Name: Tore Sandven
Author-X-Name-First: Tore
Author-X-Name-Last: Sandven
Title: Which region to choose for an industrial policy? A research path to highlight restructuring opportunities
Abstract: 
 Our study explores research avenues that can help policymakers to assess regional capabilities for ‘green’ economic restructuring. After reviewing the relevant literature, and envisioning research paths which consider both market transactions and externalities, we propose possible ways to translate past research findings into novel statistical tools. Our point of departure is the ‘skill relatedness’ among economic sectors in Norway, as inferred from intersectoral labour flows (years 2008–2014). Then, on the basis of the industrial composition in each of the 161 Norwegian labour market areas, candidate regions that could benefit the most from a ‘green’ restructuring policy, aimed at photovoltaics in our empirical example, are brought forward.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1461-1482
Issue: 8
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1588855
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1588855
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Samson Afewerki
Author-X-Name-First: Samson
Author-X-Name-Last: Afewerki
Title: Firm agency and global production network dynamics
Abstract: 
 The Global production networks (GPN) framework has been influential in the analysis of globally coordinated economic arrangements. However, research on GPNs tend to focus on a well-established industries and their existing governance structures with a very little attention to the temporality and changes in these networks and their governance structures. Specifically, despite the central role of ‘lead-firms’ in GPNs, the literature lacks a clear depiction of their competitive and evolutionary trajectory. In response, this paper is concerned with (re)opening the ‘black-box’ of firms and showing how lead-firms’ strategies and practices shape the evolutionary dynamics of GPNs. The paper argues that changing lead firm strategies play a crucial role in shaping the evolution of GPNs, reflecting changes in the industrial and/or business and institutional environments. The paper investigates the Danish, multinational energy company, Ørsted, and discusses the importance of accounting for firm dynamic capabilities, i.e. intra-firm practices and extra-firm (evolutionary) dynamic drivers, in analytical frameworks that analyse GPN dynamics and industries. Lead-firm strategies are shaped by firm-specific capabilities, industry-specific competitive dynamics, and institutions. Accordingly, GPNs’ evolutionary process can be understood as an adapting and/or response mechanism by lead-firms to changes in local and international business as well as multi-scalar institutional environments.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1483-1502
Issue: 8
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1588857
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1588857
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip O’Brien
Author-X-Name-First: Philip
Author-X-Name-Last: O’Brien
Title: Spatial imaginaries and institutional change in planning: the case of the Mersey Belt in north-west England
Abstract: 
 One outcome of the increasing spatial sophistication in research on regions is a growing interest in how spatial imaginaries are institutionalized in processes of region-building. This article proceeds from the observation that the Mersey Belt spatial imaginary, in north-west England, exhibits an outstanding degree of durability as compared to other spatial imaginaries in the region. It is hypothesized that the Mersey Belt has come to function as an informal planning institution with which subsequent spatial imaginaries are compelled to engage. In order to test this hypothesis, Neuman's lifecycle theory of institutional change is adapted to examine a spatial imaginary as a planning institution, analyzing the relationship between the Mersey Belt and subsequent spatial imaginaries produced in the region. The article in this way adds to existing theories on the institutionalization of spatial imaginaries. Based on the findings, it is suggested that the Mersey Belt has become embedded within the region's planning culture, such that shifts in the spatial conception of the region based on new economic imaginaries have been expressed through the spatial imaginary of the Mersey Belt.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1503-1522
Issue: 8
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1588859
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1588859
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ewa Cieślik
Author-X-Name-First: Ewa
Author-X-Name-Last: Cieślik
Title: Towards more (un)balanced trade. Production linkages between China and the Visegrad countries: country-level and sector-level analysis
Abstract: 
 This article presents the Visegrad Group member countries with special focus on the role of these countries in global value chains (GVCs). The goal of this paper is to analyse the role these states play in global production linkages and evaluation of connections between the VG states and China. We verified two hypotheses: (1) the Visegrad countries have deteriorated their positions in GVCs in relation to China recently; (2) the Visegrad states have become more dependent on Chinese value added in selected sectors. The analysis consists of two steps. Firstly, we evaluated the role of the Visegrad countries in international production linkages with China using value-added foreign trade using country-level approach. Secondly, we focused on the sectoral links between China and the Visegrad countries.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1523-1541
Issue: 8
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1589424
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1589424
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mario Reimer
Author-X-Name-First: Mario
Author-X-Name-Last: Reimer
Author-Name: Karsten Rusche
Author-X-Name-First: Karsten
Author-X-Name-Last: Rusche
Title: Green infrastructure under pressure. A global narrative between regional vision and local implementation
Abstract: 
 This paper focuses on green infrastructure planning in three different regions, namely, the Ruhr in Germany, the Capital Region of Denmark and Greater Manchester in the UK. We investigate planning cultural research heuristics and propose a conceptual refinement of existing planning cultural research and approaches. We use framing and storytelling to show how societal beliefs and cultural assumptions are consolidated as spatial frameworks that guide planning practice. Theories of spatial governance describe how spatial frames are mediated, accepted and changed through institutionalized structures. We present arguments from urban design and implementation research to illustrate how planning ideas materialize. The empirical material presented in this paper shows how cultures of green infrastructure planning operate in diverse spatial contexts and that a dynamic perspective is useful for understanding how planning cultures develop and change over time.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1542-1563
Issue: 8
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1591346
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1591346
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alison L. Bain
Author-X-Name-First: Alison L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bain
Author-Name: Friederike Landau
Author-X-Name-First: Friederike
Author-X-Name-Last: Landau
Title: Assessing the local embeddedness dynamics of the Baumwollspinnerei cultural quarter in Leipzig: introducing the POSES Star Framework
Abstract: 
 This paper argues that it is important for urban scholars and practitioners to comparatively appraise the differential forms of local embeddedness of cultural quarters. Such appraisals can help to realize more sustainable practices of cultural quarter anchoring within neighbourhoods. The case study of Leipzig, Germany – a city that deploys both ‘creative city’ and ‘cultural industries’ models of urban development within a context of post-industrial, post-socialist transformation – is used to examine the adaptive re-use of a former cotton-spinning mill, the Baumwollspinnerei, into an internationally renowned cultural quarter. The POSES Star Framework is developed as an analytical tool to systematically outline multiple local embeddedness dynamics (political, organizational, social, ephemeral, and spatial) of a cultural quarter within a neighbourhood and within a specific urban planning and policy context. The application of the POSES Star Framework to the Baumwollspinnerei reveals that internal organizational concerns for site development and marketing are prioritized over external engagements with Leipzig's urban planning and cultural policy discourses.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1564-1586
Issue: 8
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1592120
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1592120
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eeva-Kaisa Prokkola
Author-X-Name-First: Eeva-Kaisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Prokkola
Title: Border-regional resilience in EU internal and external border areas in Finland
Abstract: 
 European border regions have witnessed a long history of remarkable mobility shocks stemming from complex ecological and economic changes and geopolitical events. The experience of near-continuous regional and global crisis has increased interest towards the idea of resilience, that is, the ability of communities and regions to adapt and cope with disturbances and transitions. Inspired by the literature of regional resilience and the evolutionary approach, this paper will examine the difference that borders and geopolitical conditions make from the perspective of regional resilience and especially ‘border-regional resilience’. Particular focus will be on irregular cross-border mobilities and consequent transitions in EU external and internal border towns, here the Finnish towns of Lappeenranta and Tornio. The study points out that the geopolitical environment and the openness of the border partly determine the regional development trajectories and the ways of coping with cross-border mobility-related changes. Although the border location entails some vulnerability, formal and informal cross-border institutions and relations of trust are of crucial importance from the perspective of border-regional resilience. The paper proposes a research agenda for studying border-regional resilience in the context of environmental, economic and social changes and geopolitical events.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1587-1606
Issue: 8
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1595531
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1595531
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mick Lennon
Author-X-Name-First: Mick
Author-X-Name-Last: Lennon
Author-Name: Richard Waldron
Author-X-Name-First: Richard
Author-X-Name-Last: Waldron
Title: De-democratising the Irish planning system
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the practices deployed to de-democratise elements of the Irish planning system. It does so through scrutinizing the processes by which a new streamlined planning procedure for large scale residential developments was institutionalized. The paper investigates how a development lobby group successfully prompted the institutionalization of this streamlined procedure by momentarily capturing the policy formulation agenda surrounding a housing crisis. It demonstrates how this was achieved by defining problems regarding the democratic character of the planning system and accruing agency through solution specification and resonance with the ideologies and rationalities of pertinent political and senior civil servant decision makers. The paper undertakes this analysis by situating a discourse analytical approach within the Multiple Streams Framework. In doing so, the paper provides an original contribution to academic scholarship through novelty of theoretical application on a disquieting aspect of neoliberalism in a planning context that as yet has received limited attention.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1607-1625
Issue: 8
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1595532
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1595532
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aidan While
Author-X-Name-First: Aidan
Author-X-Name-Last: While
Author-Name: Will Eadson
Author-X-Name-First: Will
Author-X-Name-Last: Eadson
Title: Households in place: socio-spatial (dis)advantage in energy-carbon restructuring
Abstract: 
 This paper advances a households-in-place perspective to understanding socio-spatial disadvantage in energy-carbon restructuring. This reflects evidence that the costs and benefits of low carbon restructuring will not be distributed evenly or fairly between people and places. Some households and localities will benefit from decarbonization but others will be disproportionately affected by rising energy costs and job loss. In this paper we use the example of England to explore different dimensions of advantage and disadvantage in low carbon restructuring and how they might be reinforced or mediated by intervention by governments, NGOs and citizens. The paper makes a distinctive contribution by linking different sites and policy areas in the distributional politics of decarbonization from the perspective of individuals and households. Emphasis is placed on understanding just energy-carbon transitions from a households-in-place perspective. The analytical framework is exemplified through case studies of the coming to ground of different strands of energy-carbon restructuring in England.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1626-1645
Issue: 8
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1595533
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1595533
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Krzysztofik
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Krzysztofik
Author-Name: Iwona Kantor-Pietraga
Author-X-Name-First: Iwona
Author-X-Name-Last: Kantor-Pietraga
Author-Name: Tomasz Spórna
Author-X-Name-First: Tomasz
Author-X-Name-Last: Spórna
Author-Name: Weronika Dragan
Author-X-Name-First: Weronika
Author-X-Name-Last: Dragan
Author-Name: Valentin Mihaylov
Author-X-Name-First: Valentin
Author-X-Name-Last: Mihaylov
Title: Beyond ‘logistics sprawl’ and ‘logistics anti-sprawl’. Case of the Katowice region, Poland
Abstract: 
 The growing role of logistics in the economic space of large metropolises is visible in an increasing number of objects of this kind as well as in their high spatial concentration. Taking into account these circumstances, a phenomenon known as ‘logistics sprawl’ is considered in the article. This is one of two problems concerning the development of logistics in metropolitan areas. Studying the Katowice conurbation in Poland, the authors note, however, that in this region the opposite phenomenon, which they define as a ‘logistics anti-sprawl’, is more noticable. Its characteristic feature is a location of logistics facilities not in the outer zone of the conurbation, but in its core. This phenomenon undoubtedly differs from the patterns of localization of logistics facilities in all major CEECs. It is caused by some chief factors which are disscused in the paper. Therefore, an attention is drawn on the period of socialist development of the region, its contemporary postindustrialism, urban shrinkage, as well as the polycentricity of the conurbation. The crucial question whether the expected reduction of the ‘sprawl logistics’ phenomenon may be based on the development model observed in the Katowice conurbation is also discussed in the article.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1646-1660
Issue: 8
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1598940
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1598940
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:27:y:2019:i:8:p:1646-1660




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Teemu Makkonen
Author-X-Name-First: Teemu
Author-X-Name-Last: Makkonen
Author-Name: Allan M. Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Allan M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Williams
Author-Name: Timo Mitze
Author-X-Name-First: Timo
Author-X-Name-Last: Mitze
Author-Name: Adi Weidenfeld
Author-X-Name-First: Adi
Author-X-Name-Last: Weidenfeld
Title: Science and technology cooperation in cross-border regions: a proximity approach with evidence for Northern Europe
Abstract: 
 Given the sheer number of cross-border regions (CBRs) within the EU, their socio-economic importance has been recognized both by policy-makers and academics. Recently, the novel concept of cross-border regional innovation system has been introduced to guide the assessment of integration processes in CBRs. A central focus of this concept is set on analyzing the impact of varying types of proximity (cognitive, technological, etc.) on cross-border cooperation. Previous empirical applications of the concept have, however, relied on individual case studies and varying methodologies, thus complicating and constraining comparisons between different CBRs. Here a broader view is provided by comparing 28 Northern European CBRs. The empirical analysis utilizes economic, science and technology (S&amp;T) statistics to construct proximity indicators and measures S&amp;T integration in the context of cross-border cooperation. The findings from descriptive statistics and exploratory count data regressions show that technological and cognitive proximity measures are significantly related to S&amp;T cooperation activities (cross-border co-publications and co-patents). Taken together, our empirical approach underlines the feasibility of utilizing the proximity approach for comparative analyses in CBR settings.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1961-1979
Issue: 10
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1500528
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1500528
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: P. K. Prodromídis
Author-X-Name-First: P. K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Prodromídis
Title: The regional division of Greece and the functional economic areas estimated from the 2011 commuting patterns
Abstract: 
 Written as the statistical institutes of the EU member-states discuss the development of a common technique for delineating functional economic areas (FEAs) after people's commuting patterns, the paper expresses concern over the imposition of qualifications that distort the economic reality on the ground, and over the use of asymmetric thresholds as they are bound to produce formations with different labor-market-related diffusion levels compared to the rest. To illustrate with in example, it algorithmically groups localities and delineates Greece's FEAs, entirely on the basis of people's travel-to-work flows at four different in- and out-commuting thresholds; and finds that unless neat shapes, equivalent sizes or other features are imposed by some assumption, they are not borne out by the situation on the ground. It also estimates the country's spatial fragmentation on the basis of the recovered formations; and compares the shapes of these formations to the regional/subregional division of Greece. To the extent the two grids diverge, there is room for better targeted policy interventions. On the whole, the paper advances our understanding regarding the diffusion of labour marker phenomena and interventions across the terrain in a crisis-hit country of the EU South, thus contributing to the analysis and formulation of relevant policies.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1980-1998
Issue: 10
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1501002
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1501002
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vratislav Havlík
Author-X-Name-First: Vratislav
Author-X-Name-Last: Havlík
Title: Competing discourses of territorial development: tensions between cities and regions as a result of the new regionalism
Abstract: 
 Competition between metropolitan areas and old regions is one of the most visible results of the ‘new regionalism’ policy in the EU. The aim of this paper is to explain the newly emerged tensions between the regions and the cities within the EU in the context of the ‘new regionalism’. The newly introduced ‘Integrated Territorial Investments’ (ITI), a potentially powerful instrument of the cohesion policy of the EU was presented as ‘a flexible mechanism for formulating integrated responses to diverse territorial needs’. However, this flexibility produced a competitive relationship between cities and regions in their chase for money. Based on interviews with sub-state officials, the study focuses on two countries: Czechia and Slovakia. They are both major recipients of EU structural funds and the ITI tool is being implemented in both of them, however with different outcomes. Three variables have been identified as major factors causing the tensions: insufficient administrative capacity, political challenges and lack of shared understanding of priorities of regional development among sub-state actors.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1999-2014
Issue: 10
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1504894
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1504894
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:26:y:2018:i:10:p:1999-2014




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mina Di Marino
Author-X-Name-First: Mina
Author-X-Name-Last: Di Marino
Author-Name: Johanna Lilius
Author-X-Name-First: Johanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Lilius
Author-Name: Kimmo Lapintie
Author-X-Name-First: Kimmo
Author-X-Name-Last: Lapintie
Title: New forms of multi-local working: identifying multi-locality in planning as well as public and private organizations’ strategies in the Helsinki region
Abstract: 
 Over the last decades, there has been a significant development towards new forms of multi-locality, particularly for job-related reasons. In addition to offices, many can work in multiple places (such as the home, co-working spaces, coffee shops and public libraries). In addition to workers in start-ups and small entrepreneurs, who are traditionally known to be more mobile, white-collar workers employed by organizations are increasingly becoming multi-local. However, little is known about the ways in which multi-locality is addressed within the urban regions. This phenomenon has been studied at Aalto and NMBU University within the BEMINE research project by analysing recent policy and planning documents, as well as organizations’ strategies within the Helsinki region. In addition to a literature review, a qualitative analysis of planning documents was conducted as well as semi-structured interviews with five organizations (both private and public) in Finland employing mobile white-collars. The findings reveal that while policy-makers and city planners have not yet addressed the complexity of multi-locality, both private and public organizations are focusing on more concrete multi-local strategies and working practices. More dialogue is needed amongst policy-makers, city planners and organizations to address multi-locality at different levels of analysis and planning.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2015-2035
Issue: 10
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1504896
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1504896
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Øystein Engebretsen
Author-X-Name-First: Øystein
Author-X-Name-Last: Engebretsen
Author-Name: Petter Næss
Author-X-Name-First: Petter
Author-X-Name-Last: Næss
Author-Name: Arvid Strand
Author-X-Name-First: Arvid
Author-X-Name-Last: Strand
Title: Residential location, workplace location and car driving in four Norwegian cities
Abstract: 
 Based on a study in four Norwegian cities (Oslo, Stavanger/Sandnes, Bergen and Trondheim) differing in size and centre structure, this article illuminates how residential and workplace location, local-area density and transit accessibility influence different aspects of travel behaviour. We find strong effects of residential and workplace distance to the city centre on overall driving distances and commuting distances. We also find clear effects of local area densities around residences and workplaces on the choice of car as a travel mode, along with less pronounced effects of the distance from dwellings and workplaces to the city centre. In the cities with the best developed transit provision, we also see clear effects of transit accessibility at the residence on the propensity of choosing the car as travel mode. The results provide strong support of Norwegian national policies of urban densification as a planning strategy to curb the growth in urban motoring. However, although the influences of urban structure on travel show many similarities across the four cities, there are also important differences reflecting variations in centre structure (predominantly mono- or polycentric) and population size. The magnitude of the influences of various urban structural characteristics on travel behaviour are thus highly context-dependent.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2036-2057
Issue: 10
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1505830
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1505830
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joan Trullén
Author-X-Name-First: Joan
Author-X-Name-Last: Trullén
Author-Name: Vittorio Galletto
Author-X-Name-First: Vittorio
Author-X-Name-Last: Galletto
Title: Inclusive growth from an urban perspective: a challenge for the metropolis of the twenty-first century
Abstract: 
 This paper addresses the study of inclusive growth from an urban perspective. It proposes to focus the relationship between urban economic growth and income distribution in cities in which manufacturing production and external demand play a central role. Opposed to the literature that considers economic growth leads to an increase in inequality in income distribution, we present some operative economic tools from Marshallian Industrial Districts theory and from urban economic theory with which to develop an economic strategy for inclusive urban growth, making possible to achieve simultaneously economic growth and improvements in income distribution. An interesting example of a metropolis with a dynamic of economic and employment growth compatible with a reduction in income inequality is provided by Barcelona. This metropolis disposes a Survey of living conditions and habits of the population since 1986 that allows an analysis in terms of inclusive urban growth.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1901-1919
Issue: 10
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1505831
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1505831
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Viktor Květoň
Author-X-Name-First: Viktor
Author-X-Name-Last: Květoň
Author-Name: Jiří Blažek
Author-X-Name-First: Jiří
Author-X-Name-Last: Blažek
Title: Path-development trajectories and barriers perceived by stakeholders in two Central European less developed regions: narrow or broad choice?
Abstract: 
 This paper aims at the comprehension of feasible development trajectories conceptualized within the new path-development model in the case of two less developed regions in Central Europe (CE). The main new element of this paper comprises the examination of the perception of key barriers and mechanisms hindering particular evolutionary trajectories by regional stakeholders and their comparison with those conceptualized in the literature. Although conceptual characteristics of prevailing path types in different regional innovation systems do exist, empirical verification from less developed regions such as those in CE is insufficient. On the basis of interviews with regional stakeholders, a typology of barriers for pathways conceptualized to date was elaborated from a CE perspective. Our study showed that the feasibility of a more radical path is hindered by a wide range of barriers operating at different levels. The elaborated typology of barriers for various path-development trajectories outlined the main hindrances constraining key regional actors, linkages and institutions. Given the general weakness of the overall RIS, path-extension and path-modernization trajectories are bound to be the most realistic options for this type of less developed regions. Our study revealed existing regional dynamics as built predominately upon incremental changes within rooted but prospective industrial branches.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2058-2077
Issue: 10
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1509061
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1509061
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fabio James Petani
Author-X-Name-First: Fabio James
Author-X-Name-Last: Petani
Title: Entrepreneurship in former Yugoslavia: Diversity, institutional constraints and prospects
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2099-2102
Issue: 10
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1509062
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1509062
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:26:y:2018:i:10:p:2099-2102




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aaron Gutiérrez
Author-X-Name-First: Aaron
Author-X-Name-Last: Gutiérrez
Author-Name: Antoni Domènech
Author-X-Name-First: Antoni
Author-X-Name-Last: Domènech
Title: The mortgage crisis and evictions in Barcelona: identifying the determinants of the spatial clustering of foreclosures
Abstract: 
 The article identifies the determinants of the uneven spatial distribution of housing accumulated by banks via foreclosures in the city of Barcelona. Working with a new data source, we geolocalised foreclosed housing and analysed its tendency to spatially cluster. Using the bivariate version of the Local Moran Indicator, we confirmed the spatial correlation between the concentration of foreclosed housing and indicators of the socio-economic vulnerability of the neighbourhoods containing it. We also applied an OLS model to identify and weight the determinants of this clustering at the neighbourhood level. Our findings revealed that the growth of unemployment, the concentration of (non-EU) immigrant population and a greater presence of residents with low levels of studies were the key variables that explain the uneven geography of foreclosures in Barcelona. The results obtained also allowed us to characterize the spatial distribution of the housing accumulated by the banks during the mortgage crisis. As a result of the massive wave of evictions, banks have emerged as large-scale property owners in Spain and key agents for present and future housing policies.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1939-1960
Issue: 10
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1509945
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1509945
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:26:y:2018:i:10:p:1939-1960




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julius Akotia
Author-X-Name-First: Julius
Author-X-Name-Last: Akotia
Author-Name: Enoch Sackey
Author-X-Name-First: Enoch
Author-X-Name-Last: Sackey
Title: Understanding socio-economic sustainability drivers of sustainable regeneration: an empirical study of regeneration practitioners in UK
Abstract: 
 The construction industry has been recognized as a major driver towards the delivery of UK sustainable regeneration objectives. Several construction organizations have played various roles in their quest to deliver sustainable regeneration projects in line with sustainable development objectives. Yet, to-date the delivery of such sustainable development objectives has continued to be an on-going challenge for these organizations involved in the delivery of regeneration projects. The study adopted an exploratory research approach, using a questionnaire survey to collect data from 193 construction organizations/practitioners involved in the delivery of sustainable regeneration projects in the UK. The findings revealed that the majority of construction organizations were promoting socio-economic sustainability principles to meet their own corporate business objectives. The findings further revealed that the majority of practitioners’ organizations were integrating socio-economic sustainability principles into their business practices because they believed doing so was the best way to gain advantage over their competitors and remain relevant in their market place.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2078-2098
Issue: 10
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1511685
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1511685
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:26:y:2018:i:10:p:2078-2098




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sònia Vives-Miró
Author-X-Name-First: Sònia
Author-X-Name-Last: Vives-Miró
Title: New rent seeking strategies in housing in Spain after the bubble burst
Abstract: 
 This paper analyses the new rent seeking strategies in housing implemented during Spain’s financial crisis. The Spanish Model presents a paradigmatic case of the need for capital to reinvent itself through the articulation of new mechanisms for the production and appropriation of urban rent, as the crisis revealed the limits of strategies that were implemented during the bubble period. Amongst these new strategies, the paper analyses the rescue of financial entities, the creation of a ‘bad bank’ and the establishment of Spanish REITs. These mechanisms are leading to financialisation of rental housing and the emergence of vulture funds as new transnational owners of housing.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1920-1938
Issue: 10
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1515180
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1515180
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Suzanne H. Crowhurst Lennard
Author-X-Name-First: Suzanne H.
Author-X-Name-Last: Crowhurst Lennard
Title: Call for Papers &amp; design awards competition
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2103-2104
Issue: 10
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1519888
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1519888
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:26:y:2018:i:10:p:2103-2104




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Birte Nienaber
Author-X-Name-First: Birte
Author-X-Name-Last: Nienaber
Author-Name: Christian Wille
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Wille
Title: Cross-border cooperation in Europe: a relational perspective
Abstract: 
 Cross-border cooperation, border regions, soft spaces? This special issue approaches cross-border informal planning processes in cross-border regions by analysing them from a perspective that combines networks, governance and territorialization. Such a relational perspective will be developed by papers which deal with a variety of European cross-border regions and empirical evidence related to the nexus of networks, governance and territorialization.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1-7
Issue: 1
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1623971
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1623971
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joanna Frątczak-Müller
Author-X-Name-First: Joanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Frątczak-Müller
Author-Name: Anna Mielczarek-Żejmo
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Mielczarek-Żejmo
Title: Networks of cross-border cooperation in Europe – the interests and values. The case of Spree–Neisse–Bober Euroregion
Abstract: 
 This article discusses the significance of cross-border partnerships, which are understood to be the social networks from which communities emerge based on the ties which satisfy the needs of their participants and those of the cross-border area’s inhabitants. The problems of the Euroregion, when seen from this perspective, are focused on the actions undertaken collectively which are part of realizing delineated interests and accepted values. The basic questions formulated by the current paper refer to three areas of the analysed network: (1) network construction, (2) network relations, and (3) network management. The main research area is the analysis of the relation between the participants of the Spree–Neisse–Bober Euroregion (SNBE), and the role which the SNBE plays in creating social connections. Based on the research, we have come to the conclusion that the SNBE replaces local institutions in creating cross-border cooperation. The analysis is the result of a research project conducted in 2013 which included content analysis, a survey (800 respondents), semi-structured interviews (70 experts from Poland and Germany), as well as content analysis covering the documents of the project and the web pages of the official SNBE website (Polish and German) for the years 2014–2016.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 8-34
Issue: 1
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1623972
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1623972
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrea Noferini
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea
Author-X-Name-Last: Noferini
Author-Name: Matteo Berzi
Author-X-Name-First: Matteo
Author-X-Name-Last: Berzi
Author-Name: Francesco Camonita
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco
Author-X-Name-Last: Camonita
Author-Name: Antoni Durà
Author-X-Name-First: Antoni
Author-X-Name-Last: Durà
Title: Cross-border cooperation in the EU: Euroregions amid multilevel governance and re-territorialization
Abstract: 
 Today, cross-border cooperation promoted by Euroregions all over the European Union is a consolidating reality. The article focuses on Euroregions as formal organizations in the field of cross-border cooperation. By using a data set of 61 Euroregions considered to be particularly active, the study investigates the characteristics of cross-border cooperation agreements. For each Euroregion, cross-country comparisons take into account the following essential parameters: the number of actors involved in the agreement, their administrative and political nature, as well as the official goals pursued. From a descriptive perspective, the study aims to provide some useful classifications regarding the wide variety of cross-border experiences that have developed in Europe in recent decades. From the analytical perspective, the paper challenges enthusiastic claims that interpret Euroregions as effective political instruments for re-territorialization or new modes of cross-border multilevel governance.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 35-56
Issue: 1
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1623973
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1623973
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Ulrich
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Ulrich
Title: Territorial cooperation, supraregionalist institution-building and national boundaries: the European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation (EGTC) at the eastern and western German borders
Abstract: 
 The article examines the interplay of territorial cooperation, national boundaries and supraregionalist institution-building with special focus on the EU legal instrument of the European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation (EGTC). After its introduction in 2006, the EGTC triggered a new push for a post-national Europe of the (cross-border) regions under a supranational roof. As a supraregionalist institution it pledged to provide competences to territorial authorities underneath the nation-state for autonomous territorial governance. Yet, despite the fact that the EGTC relies on an EU regulation, the applicable law in practice is still very much based on national jurisdiction. Moreover, recent renationalization processes also contribute to further rebordering so that national boundaries could be felt in different aspects of territorial governance. The research article, thence, investigates which specific boundaries that occur on national level between EU member states are ‘down-scaled’/‘downloaded’ towards the subnational (regional or local) level in the field of territorial governance. For this purpose, two EGTC projects with German participation will be scrutinized: the German–French EGTC Eurodistrict SaarMoselle and the German–Polish EGTC TransOderana. The analysis discloses the specific boundaries that either intentionally or unintentionally hinder cross-border governance processes and even impede successful EGTC foundation like in the case of the TransOderana.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 57-80
Issue: 1
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1623974
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1623974
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pauline Pupier
Author-X-Name-First: Pauline
Author-X-Name-Last: Pupier
Title: Spatial evolution of cross-border regions. Contrasted case studies in North-West Europe
Abstract: 
 The building process of cross-border territories in the EU is addressed in this paper with a geographical and political approach. The spatial evolution of institutionalized cross-border cooperation is investigated comparatively on two borders: the Cross-Channel Euroregion between France, Belgium and the United Kingdom, and the Upper Rhine region between France, Germany and Switzerland. Data collection on these case studies categorize the spatialization of cross-border cooperation. The links between the set of partners and the perimeter raise questions about the territorialisation process. The emergence, adjustments and even the disappearance of cross-border regions are examined, leading to a new quantitative and qualitative understanding of the spatial evolution of cross-border regions. Phenomena of juxtaposition and scaling fuel the multiplication of cross-border regions, while processes of shrinkage or disappearance are the exception. Adjustments of the cross-border perimeter are primarily due to enlargement, expansion and fusion. A few cross-border cooperation initiatives are developing a new relationship to their cross-border region, distinguishing the institutional perimeter of the partnership from the functional perimeter of projects. In an uncertain European context, cross-border regions tend to multiply and extend. Showing similarities with ‘soft spaces’, they prove themselves to be very adaptable in their spatial (re-)definition.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 81-104
Issue: 1
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1623975
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1623975
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nathalie Christmann
Author-X-Name-First: Nathalie
Author-X-Name-Last: Christmann
Author-Name: Martine Mostert
Author-X-Name-First: Martine
Author-X-Name-Last: Mostert
Author-Name: Pierre-François Wilmotte
Author-X-Name-First: Pierre-François
Author-X-Name-Last: Wilmotte
Author-Name: Jean-Marc Lambotte
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Marc
Author-X-Name-Last: Lambotte
Author-Name: Mario Cools
Author-X-Name-First: Mario
Author-X-Name-Last: Cools
Title: Opportunities for reinforcing cross-border railway connections: the case of the Liège (Belgium) – Maastricht (the Netherlands) connection
Abstract: 
 Efficient mobility is an essential driving force for the development of cross-border (CB) regions. The different settings and visions of neighbouring CB entities may lead to unsatisfactory transport connections across the border. This case study of a CB connection focuses on this issue and highlights, by means of a comparative analysis, how the differences in six perspectives (the economic context; urban and regional planning in Belgium and the Netherlands; the structure of the rail network; barriers in the exploitation of the railway; the current travel demand by rail; and the governance, public planning and policy context) lead to an unsatisfactory rail connection between Liège (Belgium) and Maastricht (the Netherlands). Based on the results of the analysis, we suggest reinforcing cross-mobility connections through several tools such as (i) the development of a common governance, not only at the institutional level but also at the counter level of institutional level, by including economic and social stakeholders; (ii) the development of joint technical projects in relation to the infrastructure, communication systems and the rolling stock; and (iii) the strengthening of flows between the two sides of the border, especially the home-work flows.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 105-124
Issue: 1
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1623976
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1623976
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eduardo Medeiros
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Medeiros
Title: Delimiting cross-border areas for policy implementation: a multi-factor proposal
Abstract: 
 This article debates the concept of border area and identifies a number of factors which should be considered when delimiting cross-border areas for policy implementation (CBAPI). These include historical, spatial, demographic, cultural, data, institutional, economic, infrastructural and environmental factors. The relevance of this debate for the border studies is twofold. Firstly, it covers a void in existing literatures, thus adding a valuable conceptual contribution to the delimitation of cross-border areas. Secondly, it provides a concrete theoretical platform for interested entities such as the European Commission to appropriately delimit CBAPI, for programmes like the INTERREG-A.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 125-145
Issue: 1
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1687654
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1687654
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Petter Næss
Author-X-Name-First: Petter
Author-X-Name-Last: Næss
Author-Name: Inger-Lise Saglie
Author-X-Name-First: Inger-Lise
Author-X-Name-Last: Saglie
Author-Name: Tim Richardson
Author-X-Name-First: Tim
Author-X-Name-Last: Richardson
Title: Urban sustainability: is densification sufficient?
Abstract: 
 Urban densification has for some decades been considered as the most relevant strategy for ecological modernization within the field of urban spatial development. Compared to outward urban expansion, densification has important environmental merits, but is not without negative environmental impacts. This paper critically examines how urban densification policies contain an assumption – implicit or explicit – that continual growth, expressed in per capita consumption of building stock and infrastructure, should be accommodated. This is argued to lead to a weakening of environmental sustainability. The Norwegian capital Oslo is used as an example, illustrating the environmental achievements and limitations of the densification strategy. These achievements and limitations are then discussed in the light of theoretical literature on tensions between economic growth and environmental sustainability. The paper concludes with a call for further critical scrutiny of how growth assumptions influence/subtly shape urban sustainability policies.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 146-165
Issue: 1
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1604633
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1604633
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stelios Gialis
Author-X-Name-First: Stelios
Author-X-Name-Last: Gialis
Author-Name: Dimitris Paitaridis
Author-X-Name-First: Dimitris
Author-X-Name-Last: Paitaridis
Author-Name: Stergios Seretis
Author-X-Name-First: Stergios
Author-X-Name-Last: Seretis
Author-Name: Alexis Ioannides
Author-X-Name-First: Alexis
Author-X-Name-Last: Ioannides
Author-Name: Anders Underthun
Author-X-Name-First: Anders
Author-X-Name-Last: Underthun
Title: In what terms and at what cost resilient? ‘Unregulated flexibilization’ in regional ‘troubled waters’
Abstract: 
 This paper sheds light on the debate on regional resilience to crisis in Greece, a country long suffering from insufficient planning mechanisms and recently hit by a severe economic crisis. In the paper, we discuss the spatialities of employment flexibilization vis-à-vis the devaluation of regional productive structures between 2005 and 2016. The paper critically builds on previous accounts of regional resilience, but also seeks to develop the concept through engaging in: (i) how different employment patterns, namely part-time work, present a powerful adaptive mechanism that is related to path-dependent regional production profiles; and (ii) why regions with less favourable pre-crisis production structures and anaemic growth seem to have been less affected by recession and may witness a faster recovery in its aftermath. The paper adopts a multi-layered methodology, using a variety of measures, offering an empirically grounded theorization of contemporary labour market changes within the Southern EU. The results indicate some key reasons for radically reformulating established regulatory and planning practices in order to promote a pattern of resilience that is more friendly to good and well-paid jobs. A prerequisite for the latter is the promotion of territorially cohesive strategies that reduce regional disparities and harness ‘unregulated flexibilization’.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 166-191
Issue: 1
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1677563
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1677563
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matthew Wargent
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew
Author-X-Name-Last: Wargent
Author-Name: Gavin Parker
Author-X-Name-First: Gavin
Author-X-Name-Last: Parker
Author-Name: Emma Street
Author-X-Name-First: Emma
Author-X-Name-Last: Street
Title: Public-private entanglements: consultant use by local planning authorities in England
Abstract: 
 Despite intermittent recognition of the input of private planning consultants in the UK planning system, there remains a paucity of empirical studies into their roles and influence in contemporary practice. Drawing on interviews with both public and private planners in England, this paper explores the nature of the public-private entanglements that increasingly define local planning practice. These include the heterogeneity of the consultant market, the rationales employed to justify consultant use, the nature of the expertise being deployed, and the asymmetrical nature of public/private relationships. The paper argues that the demands made on the public planning system and the planners that operate it are driving teleological explanations of the use of private expertise, displaying an ambivalence to the fact that Local Planning Authorities are in a position of critical dependency with private sector consultants. In concluding, it is argued that the knowledges that underpin planning practices are increasingly shaped by the market, with the potential to undermine planning’s public interest purpose.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 192-210
Issue: 1
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1677565
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1677565
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Lauermann
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Lauermann
Title: Leading cities: a global review of city leadership
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 211-212
Issue: 1
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1694237
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1694237
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: JinHyo Joseph Yun
Author-X-Name-First: JinHyo Joseph
Author-X-Name-Last: Yun
Author-Name: Philip Cooke
Author-X-Name-First: Philip
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke
Author-Name: JiYoung Park
Author-X-Name-First: JiYoung
Author-X-Name-Last: Park
Title: Evolution and variety in complex geographies and enterprise policies
Abstract: 
 This Special Issue showcases eight articles on the emergent idea of “entrepreneurial ecosystems”. As a subject it has begun to attract early attention because it professes to realise the fundamentally social processes of entrepreneurial practice as against the cartoon-like figure of the heroic entrepreneur much–beloved of those in entrepreneurial studies and policies of a more individualistic persuasion. Furthermore, it aims to assist development of coherence in the field of study occasioned by the great variety of forms and labels given to small and micro-businesses consequent on the erosion in scale and scope of many traditional large enterprises. A further introductory point to be made is that many of the articles on display originate in South Korea where the attenuation of large corporate actors, stagnating national growth rates and government support for entrepreneurship have been one response to the crisis. Hanjin is merely one of the recent casualties of the faltering of globalisation for the South Korean corporate sector, beneficiary of major port-related innovation investment in the past as the South Korea – China comparison paper reveals. Other papers anatomise “platform ecosystems” in ICT applications, green urban policies, clusters, creative industry and regional development. All of these impinge upon government support for entrepreneurial efforts to grow a more social economy and, indeed, economic sociology and geography of regional and national growth.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 729-738
Issue: 5
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1283790
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1283790
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Cooke
Author-X-Name-First: Philip
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke
Title: ‘Digital tech’ and the public sector: what new role after public funding?
Abstract: 
 Innovation scholars have long recognized entrepreneurship is ‘imitative’, whereas the commercialization of novelty is ‘innovative’. Thus they are highly distinctive skill-sets. Entrepreneurship, first, involves optimizing market sentiment for pure profit sometimes to the point of catastrophe and even fraudulence in many markets. These include: payment protection insurance (PPI) to ‘flash crashes’, automotive emission ‘defeat devices’, corporate bribery settlements, social media ‘hacking’, ‘fake news’ and a litany of other infractions and catastrophes. Innovation, by contrast, is more explorative and team-reliant. Even if patenting betrays the hope for commercialization on markets, patented innovation frequently fails. Some academic innovators even profess a preference for prizes over profits. Second, this means that collective ‘bonding’ among entrepreneurs, in the form of claimed ‘entrepreneurial ecosystems’, is often based on a single customer platform or as a supplier of a highly specialist type of ‘imitative’ service from identikit pizza chains to ‘me-too’ smartphone apps. Through the latter, fused with artificial intelligence some interactive machine-learning services have long-existed as ‘postsocial’ algorithms serving customers of, for example, investment banks in stock and currency markets. Finally, entrepreneurship is fundamentally competitive, individualistic and non-solidaristic, whereas ‘open innovation’ was born from the practices of ‘open science’ and the collegiate tradition of research. Accordingly, ‘entrepreneurial ecosystems’ can display more closure than RIS set-ups. This special issue explores aspects of these ecosystem platforms and their implications for emergent forms of urban and regional evolution in the near and nearly present future.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 739-754
Issue: 5
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1282067
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1282067
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Inga Erina
Author-X-Name-First: Inga
Author-X-Name-Last: Erina
Author-Name: Vladimir Shatrevich
Author-X-Name-First: Vladimir
Author-X-Name-Last: Shatrevich
Author-Name: Elina Gaile-Sarkane
Author-X-Name-First: Elina
Author-X-Name-Last: Gaile-Sarkane
Title: Impact of stakeholder groups on development of a regional entrepreneurial ecosystem
Abstract: 
 This paper discusses the relationship between the entrepreneurial ecosystem and stakeholder groups involved in sustainable development of regions. Findings from empirical research of Latvian regions brought researchers towards improvement of the entrepreneurial ecosystem model. This paper develops an ecosystem model that assists in the planning and designing of regional sustainable development. Findings from empirical research might help us to identify additional contributions of stakeholder groups for sustainable development of regional entrepreneurial ecosystems. The paper is aimed at improving understanding of entrepreneurial ecosystem structure and suggesting ways for individual companies to exploit the components of entrepreneurial ecosystems. By summarizing the research results, the impact of stakeholder groups involved in the sustainable development of a regional entrepreneurial ecosystem is explained.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 755-771
Issue: 5
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1282077
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1282077
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: JiYoung Park
Author-X-Name-First: JiYoung
Author-X-Name-Last: Park
Author-Name: G. William Page
Author-X-Name-First: G. William
Author-X-Name-Last: Page
Title: Innovative green economy, urban economic performance and urban environments: an empirical analysis of US cities
Abstract: 
 Green-city innovation uses industrial and entrepreneurial ecosystems that can reduce environmental and ecological risks and achieve sustainable urban development without degrading urban environments. In a city, entrepreneurship ecosystems include start-ups and supporting networks of coordinating entities which contribute to economies of scale; however, these systems may make a city’s green environment worse, by contributing to air or water pollution. Even though there is a widely held perception of an adverse relationship between urban economic performance and urban environmental conditions, green-city development involving clean industries can be a way to attract employees without affecting urban environments negatively. However, there is a dearth of empirical studies that examine how such a green-related innovative entrepreneurial system could become a growth engine of cities. This paper examines whether a greener city can contribute to the economic prosperity of the city. A two-stage econometrics approach is the method applied, using data from 2000 and 2005. This paper contributes to the field by distinguishing concerns about urban environments in green cities from concerns about economic performances related to innovative and entrepreneurial ecosystems.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 772-789
Issue: 5
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1282078
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1282078
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:25:y:2017:i:5:p:772-789




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Junghyun Yoon
Author-X-Name-First: Junghyun
Author-X-Name-Last: Yoon
Author-Name: Jaehoon Rhee
Author-X-Name-First: Jaehoon
Author-X-Name-Last: Rhee
Author-Name: Alisher Tohirovich Dedahanov
Author-X-Name-First: Alisher Tohirovich
Author-X-Name-Last: Dedahanov
Title: The roles of networks among innovators in regional innovation: comparative analysis between China and South Korea
Abstract: 
 In port cities, terminal operating companies (TOCs) are considered as regional innovators. Numerous studies have attempted to find their characteristics; however, relatively few studies have been devoted to exploring softer factors such as human resources or networks with other innovators such as universities and government agencies, not hard factors such as available cargo and cargo processing ability. Therefore, this study aims to examine both hard and softer factors perceived by 232 South Korean and Chinese regional innovators, TOC; the empirical relationships among these characteristics, networks among regional innovators such as industry–university–government networks (I–U–G networks), and regional innovation, the moderating role of the I–U–G networks in improving the regional innovation, and the comparative analysis between Chinese and Korean cases. To achieve these research purposes, an empirical model was employed. As a result, excepting government support policy, remaining variables significantly affected regional innovation. Further, the I–U–G networks moderated the relationships between determinants and regional innovation. These results imply that establishing effective I–U–G networks was pivotal in achieving regional innovation. In addition, this study provides a contribution, that there are national differences due to each other’s different environmental characteristics, by comparing characteristics between Korean and Chinese regional innovators with different characteristics.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 790-804
Issue: 5
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1282081
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1282081
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:25:y:2017:i:5:p:790-804




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: JinHyo Joseph Yun
Author-X-Name-First: JinHyo Joseph
Author-X-Name-Last: Yun
Author-Name: DongKyu Won
Author-X-Name-First: DongKyu
Author-X-Name-Last: Won
Author-Name: KyungBae Park
Author-X-Name-First: KyungBae
Author-X-Name-Last: Park
Author-Name: JeongHo Yang
Author-X-Name-First: JeongHo
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Author-Name: Xiaofei Zhao
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaofei
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao
Title: Growth of a platform business model as an entrepreneurial ecosystem and its effects on regional development
Abstract: 
 This paper analyses the dynamics of platform business models as an entrepreneurial ecosystem and its effects on regional development. Here, we seek to answer the following research questions: (1) What effects do platform business models have on regional development? (2) What factors and structures affect the dynamics of platform business models? (3) How can we describe the dynamics of platform business models in app stores and hotel-booking industries? To answer these questions, the authors first analysed two platform entrepreneurial ecosystems in the smartphone app store industry (Google Play’s Android market and Apple’s App Store) and two ecosystems in the hotel-booking industry (Hotels.com and Booking.com). Second, we analysed the effects of platforms as entrepreneurial ecosystems on the regional development of Daegu Metropolitan City. We used in-depth interview methods with a semi-structured questionnaire, system dynamics (SD) simulation, a literature review, and a statistical analysis as research methods. The results of these analyses yielded the following findings. First, platform business models as economic ecosystems motivate a change of regional development from focused areas to multiple areas, from a hierarchical structure of firms to a network of diverse firms, and from scope and scale economy-based firms leading regional development to creative economy-based firms leading regional development. Second, we identified three category factors that were important in a platform ecosystem, and built up and simulated causal and SD models of these factors. Third, we found that the dynamics of platform ecosystems differ from platform to platform because the openness of platforms produces different effects on firms according to the industry to which they belong.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 805-826
Issue: 5
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1282082
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1282082
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kwangho Jung
Author-X-Name-First: Kwangho
Author-X-Name-Last: Jung
Author-Name: Jong-Hwan Eun
Author-X-Name-First: Jong-Hwan
Author-X-Name-Last: Eun
Author-Name: Seung-Hee Lee
Author-X-Name-First: Seung-Hee
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee
Title: Exploring competing perspectives on government-driven entrepreneurial ecosystems: lessons from Centres for Creative Economy and Innovation (CCEI) of South Korea
Abstract: 
 Recent research suggests competing aspects of how to promote an entrepreneurial ecosystem for sustainable economic growth from a linear entrepreneurial ecosystem to non-linear ones involving diverse stakeholders beyond the dichotomy between state and market. Competing views and interests embedded in these multiple stakeholders can contribute to understanding how an entrepreneurial ecosystem can emerge, flourish and vanish. However, little systematic research has explored what aspects multiple stakeholders have for a new rising entrepreneurial ecosystem. This paper, relying on Q-methodology, explores different perspectives of stakeholders surrounding the Centres for a Creative Economy and Innovation (CCEIs) in South Korea. Application of Q-methodology with a qualitative and statistical approach allows us to clarify various competing stakeholder perspectives on entrepreneurial ecosystems embodied by the 17 government driven CCEIs. We found six different views on how to evaluate the role and function of the CCEIs deeply connected with strong state intervention and big conglomerate companies (BCCs): (1) the BCC-led CCEI ecosystem, (2) the CCEI own ecosystem, (3) a strong critic of the state-led CCEI ecosystem, (4) a negative viewpoint on the politics-led CCEI ecosystem, (5) the state-led CCEI ecosystem and (6) a strong critic of the current Korean venture capital system.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 827-847
Issue: 5
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1282083
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1282083
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sam Youl Lee
Author-X-Name-First: Sam Youl
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee
Author-Name: Meansun Noh
Author-X-Name-First: Meansun
Author-X-Name-Last: Noh
Author-Name: Ji Yung Seul
Author-X-Name-First: Ji Yung
Author-X-Name-Last: Seul
Title: Government-led regional innovation: a case of ‘Pangyo’ IT cluster of South Korea
Abstract: 
 This paper investigates the effective formulation and implementation of ‘Pangyo Techno Valley’ (PTV), a regional innovation cluster led by Gyeonggi province in Korea. It emphasizes the historical, institutional and regional contexts to understand the concept of regional innovation cluster by using the framework of indicators of regional innovation. Especially this paper investigates PTV in terms of open innovation in supply chains. The development of PTV is theoretically interesting since the local government played an active role in providing with various incentives including physical space next to Seoul. This paper investigates the success factors for establishing PTV in the context of RIS and how a local government-led RIS can overcome the existing limits shown in other development policies the Korean government had pursued so far. This paper argues that the strategic investment and administrative support by Gyeonggi province and the location of PTV have played a critical role for the success of PTV by attracting abundant numbers of IT companies and competent talents. The finding is expected to provide an ample policy reference for other developing countries as they are eager to emulate the success of ‘Silicon Valley’ but have kept failing.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 848-866
Issue: 5
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1282084
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1282084
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Junghee Han
Author-X-Name-First: Junghee
Author-X-Name-Last: Han
Author-Name: Youngjoo Ko
Author-X-Name-First: Youngjoo
Author-X-Name-Last: Ko
Title: Knowledge exploitation and entrepreneurial activity in a regional innovation system: first adaption of RFID at Kumho Tire in GwangJu, Korea
Abstract: 
 What characteristics make a firm more proactive to exploit knowledge and innovation? A company that adopts more cutting-edge technologies than its competitors distinguishes itself in terms of innovativeness. Here, we analyse and present a case of innovation at a specific company, which has implications for the pursuit of innovation in a regional innovation system. The case involves Kumho Tire (KT). The company was the first tyre manufacturer in the world to exploit radio-frequency identification. KT demonstrated institutional entrepreneurship that did not shy away from changing the rules and norms of the existing enterprises in a regional innovation system. In order to cope with the various dilemmas concerning knowledge exploitation, regional innovation policies and corporate entrepreneurship should be devised through diagnosing and monitoring of regional knowledge flows and open innovation.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 867-885
Issue: 5
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1282087
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1282087
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chia-Lin Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Chia-Lin
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Anastasia Loukaitou-Sideris
Author-X-Name-First: Anastasia
Author-X-Name-Last: Loukaitou-Sideris
Author-Name: Jos&#xE9; M. de Ure&#xF1;a
Author-X-Name-First: Jos&#xE9; M.
Author-X-Name-Last: de Ure&#xF1;a
Author-Name: Roger Vickerman
Author-X-Name-First: Roger
Author-X-Name-Last: Vickerman
Title: Spatial short and long-term implications and planning challenges of high-speed rail: a literature review framework for the special issue
Abstract: 
 This introduction to the Special Issue on the Spatial Implications and Planning Criteria for High-speed Rail Cities and Regions attempts to distinguish its short- and long-term impacts described in the literature, classifying them into regional and inter-urban effects, urban effects and wider economic impacts. Articles composing this Special Issue are listed at the outset and referred to in the relevant subsections. This literature review highlights the need to distinguish between short- and long-term effects and shows that cases are context-specific. Planning challenges appear at two major points: 1) during the initial planning stage that includes the route and location of stations; 2) during the development process that follows.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 415-433
Issue: 3
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1562658
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1562658
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jos&#xE9; M. Coronado
Author-X-Name-First: Jos&#xE9; M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Coronado
Author-Name: Jos&#xE9; M. de Ure&#xF1;a
Author-X-Name-First: Jos&#xE9; M. de
Author-X-Name-Last: Ure&#xF1;a
Author-Name: Jos&#xE9; Luis Miralles
Author-X-Name-First: Jos&#xE9; Luis
Author-X-Name-Last: Miralles
Title: Short- and long-term population and project implications of high-speed rail for served cities: analysis of all served Spanish cities and re-evaluation of Ciudad Real and Puertollano
Abstract: 
 Economic growth theories indicate that infrastructures are necessary but not enough for economic growth, providing the cities they serve with new comparative advantages. Today, 25 years after the first high-speed rail (HSR) services opened in Spain and after a complete economic cycle with the longest-running European HSR network, this network can be treated as a territorial laboratory for testing the relationship between new transport infrastructures and population growth. This article compares the population evolution of each HSR city with those of Spain overall, non-HSR municipalities, a random sample of non-HSR cities and similar non-HSR cities. This article also re-evaluates the implications for two small cities served by the first HSR line by means of analyses similar to those undertaken 10&#x2013;15 years ago to evaluate both the long-term implications and those that are less permanent and have either changed or disappeared. These analyses show that population growth depends on each city&#x2019;s degree of transportation changes, the time elapsed, and the location and size of the city. This article concludes that in the longer term, projects and strategies will be more or less successful depending on their relation to transport.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 434-460
Issue: 3
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1562652
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1562652
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Valerie Facchinetti-Mannone
Author-X-Name-First: Valerie
Author-X-Name-Last: Facchinetti-Mannone
Title: A methodological approach to analyze the territorial appropriation of high-speed rail from interactions between actions and representations of local actors
Abstract: 
 Because it is difficult to separate the specific transport impact from other factors influencing economic and spatial development, the focus in research is increasingly on understanding the process by which territorial changes occur in order to explain how economic and social agents and local authorities have appropriated new transportation systems. This appropriation plays a crucial part in territorial dynamics. The diversity of economic and spatial changes produced by high-speed rail indicates the existence of multiple modes of appropriation which vary according to the location of stations, the mobilization of local stakeholders confronted with the transport operators&#x2019; logic and the geographical and historical context of the infrastructure implementation. Appropriation is defined as a dialogical identity process that must be explained to better understand the gradual and mutual adjustments between the transportation system and the territory. After specifying the issues involve in an analysis of the appropriation of high-speed rail, the article adopts an analytical framework inspired by Brunel and Roux&#x2018;s research work on consumer habits in order to explain how appropriation has gradually taken shape over the various stages of a high-speed line project.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 461-482
Issue: 3
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1562653
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1562653
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:27:y:2019:i:3:p:461-482




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zhenhua Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Zhenhua
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Title: Measuring the regional economic impacts of high-speed rail using a dynamic SCGE model: the case of China
Abstract: 
 High-Speed Rail (HSR) has experienced a rapid development in many countries in the world, but how can planners and decision makers better understand the regional economic impact of the gigantic system remains a challenge. This paper introduces a comprehensive framework to assess the regional economic impacts of HSR using China as an example. The regional economic impacts of HSR are evaluated under a dynamic and spatial computable general equilibrium-modelling framework. Such a framework provides a comprehensive assessment of the impacts in terms of both temporal and spatial variations. The assessment provides an ex post evaluation of the impacts based on the actual data reflecting the infrastructure development and operation in the period 2002&#x2013;2013. The research findings confirm that HSR infrastructure development in China has generated a positive regional economic impact. The growth rate of the real GDP stimulated by rail infrastructure investment were found particularly substantial in the southwest, but relatively small in the developed eastern regions. Conversely, the real GDP level change was found to be relatively large in the developed regions, such as the south and the east. The disaggregated analysis shows that the contributions to regional economic growth are primarily derived from the productivity increase in rail transport sector and the stimulus effect of rail infrastructure capital investment. The research findings provide implications for future HSR development in both Europe and China.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 483-512
Issue: 3
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1562655
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1562655
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andres Monzon
Author-X-Name-First: Andres
Author-X-Name-Last: Monzon
Author-Name: Elena Lopez
Author-X-Name-First: Elena
Author-X-Name-Last: Lopez
Author-Name: Emilio Ortega
Author-X-Name-First: Emilio
Author-X-Name-Last: Ortega
Title: Has HSR improved territorial cohesion in Spain? An accessibility analysis of the first 25 years: 1990&#x2013;2015
Abstract: 
 High Speed Rail (HSR) in Spain began in 1992 and currently has a network of some 3200 km. In this 25-year period, accessibility has progressively increased, changing its spatial distribution throughout the country. However, improvements in the HSR network may or may not have contributed to a more balanced territorial distribution of accessibility levels. These distributional effects of HSR have important implications for territorial cohesion, which is a strategic planning goal for transport infrastructures in the European Union. This paper presents a methodology for evaluating &#x2018;accessibility-based&#x2019; territorial cohesion effects of HSR corridors. Accessibility values are calculated for successive five-year periods. Territorial cohesion effects are assessed based on changes in accessibility patterns and their spatial distribution. The results show that new HSR lines have significantly increased the accessibility levels of the Spanish population to most destinations. On average accessibility values have improved in the 1990&#x2013;2015 period by 48.6% due to HSR, with differences among locations depending if they are or not nodes of the HSR network. The study&#x2019;s findings show also a more balanced distribution of accessibility, with 15% reduction in the dispersion of accessibility values between 1990 and 2015, implying a positive contribution to territorial cohesion goals.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 513-532
Issue: 3
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1562656
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1562656
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Amparo Moyano
Author-X-Name-First: Amparo
Author-X-Name-Last: Moyano
Author-Name: Ana Rivas
Author-X-Name-First: Ana
Author-X-Name-Last: Rivas
Author-Name: Jose M. Coronado
Author-X-Name-First: Jose M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Coronado
Title: Business and tourism high-speed rail same-day trips: factors influencing the efficiency of high-speed rail links for Spanish cities
Abstract: 
 This paper presents an efficiency analysis of high-speed rail (HSR) connections in Spain, focusing on the quality of the services supplied and the friction introduced by all the links of the whole transport chain in same-day trips. The methods proposed consider variations in the efficiency of HSR connections depending first on the different purposes of travel &#x2013; tourism or business &#x2013; and second, on the sensitivity of the measure to different transport-related factors such as ticket prices, adequate timetables and local accessibility to/from HSR stations. The results obtained show that large cities in peripheral locations of the network are generally more favoured for business HSR connections, while intermediate cities are more likely to achieve higher efficiency for tourism. Also, the results highlight how for tourism trips, timetables are the key factor in the efficiency measure, while for business, access/egress to/from HSR stations is more relevant. The analysis of the efficiency of HSR connections and its sensitivity to different factors and travel purposes is a useful tool for transport planning, especially for cities, because they may do their best to achieve service quality improvements or even adapt their strategies to different activities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 533-554
Issue: 3
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1562657
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1562657
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Junghwa Kim
Author-X-Name-First: Junghwa
Author-X-Name-Last: Kim
Author-Name: Yeun-Touh Li
Author-X-Name-First: Yeun-Touh
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Jan-Dirk Schm&#xF6;cker
Author-X-Name-First: Jan-Dirk
Author-X-Name-Last: Schm&#xF6;cker
Title: Regional heterogeneity in Taiwan HSR demand developments: station accessibility and its effect on usage adoption
Abstract: 
 In order to maintain the sustainability of High Speed Railway (HSR), it is important to understand total and region-specific long-term demand. Our study targets the eight HSR stations that have been in operation in Taiwan since 2007. As the service itself has not undergone major changes, we examine the impact of other demand and supply factors in order to explain demand growth over time in consideration of regional heterogeneity. We focus on the effects of station accessibility as well as its impact on demand via usage &#x2018;adoption rates&#x2019;. The latter is related to product diffusion theory. By using monthly ridership data, we calculated yearly regional &#x2018;adoption ratios&#x2019; to describe the spread of THSR usage. Our results show that regional heterogeneity in adoption ratios exist and influence its HSR demand pattern. We also discuss that station accessibility by transit is an important factor to understand long-term HSR demand developments. We show that initial bus services (shuttle bus and bus rapid transit (BRT)) influence demand in the short and long term. Taking the findings together, we suggest that therefore improving access modes, has positive impacts to short- as well as long-term HSR demand and require careful consideration by decision makers.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 555-573
Issue: 3
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1562654
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1562654
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christophe Beckerich
Author-X-Name-First: Christophe
Author-X-Name-Last: Beckerich
Author-Name: Sylvie Benoit
Author-X-Name-First: Sylvie
Author-X-Name-Last: Benoit
Author-Name: Marie Delaplace
Author-X-Name-First: Marie
Author-X-Name-Last: Delaplace
Title: Are the reasons for companies to locate around central versus peripheral high-speed rail stations different? The cases of Reims central station and Champagne-Ardenne station
Abstract: 
 High-speed rail (HSR) can serve cities in two main ways: first and foremost, via city-centre stations, but increasingly also via peripheral stations. By analyzing the case of Reims, an intermediate-size city located 150&#x2005;km to the east of Paris and served by both a central station and a peripheral one, this article aims to identify the reasons that lead firms to locate around each type of station. Two surveys conducted in 2014 and 2015 enable us to show that HSR not only structures urban space but also segments it by function. While office availability is a very important location consideration for both station types, other location factors, including HSR, are type-specific. Moreover, the types of companies around each station are not the same. Business services located around Reims&#x2019; peripheral station are linked to the industrial base of the region, whereas firms around the central station are looking for proximity to final clients (either in connected cities or from regional markets) and to benefit from a positive neighbourhood image. As might be expected, HSR seems to produce urbanization economies (access to different transport modes and/or proximity to amenities) but in a different way around central and peripheral stations.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 574-594
Issue: 3
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1567111
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1567111
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cecilia Ribalaygua
Author-X-Name-First: Cecilia
Author-X-Name-Last: Ribalaygua
Author-Name: Silvia Perez-Del-Ca&#xF1;o
Author-X-Name-First: Silvia
Author-X-Name-Last: Perez-Del-Ca&#xF1;o
Title: Assessing spatial planning strategy in high-speed rail station areas in Spain (1992&#x2013;2018): towards a sustainable model
Abstract: 
 The expansion of new national high-speed rail (HSR) networks, together with the emergence of a new urban paradigm, requires a re&#xFB02;ection on previous experience, enabling the de&#xFB01;nition of better policy proposals for station-area planning. The HSR network in Spain o&#xFB00;ers one of the world&#x2019;s longest trajectories but in order to draw lessons from previous experience an appropriate analytical framework must be established, ful&#xFB01;lling at least three conditions: (a) inclusion of cases from di&#xFB00;erent periods -verifying an evolution or a constant pattern-; (b) basis in quanti&#xFB01;able parameters speci&#xFB01;c to HSR areas -allowing comparison among cases- and (c) coherence with contemporary planning criteria. With these three premises in mind, this paper builds a methodological framework analyzing parameters related to density, compactness, diversity of uses, public space, centrality and the barrier e&#xFB00;ect, extracted from the comparative analysis of 12 approved Station-area Plans. The results show a common pattern that reveals a mixed urban model which combines compactness with the creation of large open spaces; as well as a progressive minimization of the barrier e&#xFB00;ect over the last 25 years. The veri&#xFB01;cation of these results reinforces some hypotheses of the literature, but also introduces new criteria for incorporation into policy proposals for HSR stations.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 595-617
Issue: 3
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1564189
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1564189
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:27:y:2019:i:3:p:595-617




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nacima Baron
Author-X-Name-First: Nacima
Author-X-Name-Last: Baron
Title: Designing Paris Gare du Nord for pedestrians or for clients? New retail patterns as flow optimization strategies
Abstract: 
 This article explores the links between flow management and retail development in railway stations. Questioning the way in which planners as well as station managers consider the relations between movement and commerciality, it combines theoretical insight and empirical findings at Paris Gare du Nord. In the planning literature, the progress of pedestrian traffic models and the social understanding of passenger behaviour have long been perceived as separate scientific goals. Today, however, the two domains are converging towards a more comprehensive approach, which in recent times has become a crucial aspect of railway competition strategies. In light of this, dynamic mapping conducted over the period 2010&#x2013;2017 at Paris Gare du Nord shows how railway designers are reorganizing space to foster free movement and consumption. The article concludes with the presentation and discussion of two main principles of station retail planning and design. First, the production of a &#x2018;servicescape&#x2019; through the intensification of nudge strategies. Second, the delivery of a &#x2018;stationscape&#x2019; based on the use of trademarks as landmarks and a three-dimensional design that accentuates the socio-economic fragmentation of space.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 618-637
Issue: 3
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1562651
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1562651
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:27:y:2019:i:3:p:618-637




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vesa Harmaakorpi
Author-X-Name-First: Vesa
Author-X-Name-Last: Harmaakorpi
Author-Name: Helinä Melkas
Author-X-Name-First: Helinä
Author-X-Name-Last: Melkas
Author-Name: Tuomo Uotila
Author-X-Name-First: Tuomo
Author-X-Name-Last: Uotila
Title: Re-categorizing innovation policy according to broad-based innovation
Abstract: 
 This study lays the foundations for a theory of broad-based innovation and its potential role in innovation policy. The concept of broad-based innovation and its use in policy documents is discussed, followed by a discussion of the components of such innovation. This article proposes a re-categorization of modes of knowledge production in innovation activities to describe the need to more consistently consider and include different types of innovation activities in innovation policy. The study seeks to outline a novel theoretical structure that bridges a number of separate subfields in the study of innovation, providing a comprehensive treatment of the differential innovation puzzle. The study contributes by providing this novel theoretical framework for future planning and evaluation of innovation and innovation policies, systems and strategies.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1477-1496
Issue: 9
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1327035
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1327035
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Harald Bathelt
Author-X-Name-First: Harald
Author-X-Name-Last: Bathelt
Author-Name: Pengfei Li
Author-X-Name-First: Pengfei
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Yi-wen Zhu
Author-X-Name-First: Yi-wen
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu
Title: Geographies of temporary markets: an anatomy of the Canton Fair
Abstract: 
 While recent research on temporary clusters and temporary markets has emphasized the knowledge generation processes associated with trade fairs, little is known about the knowledge exchanges that are embedded in market relations at these events. This paper uses the case of the Canton Fair in Guangzhou, the largest trade fair in China, to illustrate that such events do not operate as a single market, but that they generate multiple dynamic market configurations, which entail different flows of knowledge, goods and people. In a typical case study, four types of market configurations are identified that simultaneously develop at this event. The findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the dynamics of market relations, knowledge and transactions in temporary spatial settings.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1497-1515
Issue: 9
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1327034
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1327034
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:25:y:2017:i:9:p:1497-1515




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: José Bilau
Author-X-Name-First: José
Author-X-Name-Last: Bilau
Author-Name: Colin Mason
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: Mason
Author-Name: Tiago Botelho
Author-X-Name-First: Tiago
Author-X-Name-Last: Botelho
Author-Name: Soumodip Sarkar
Author-X-Name-First: Soumodip
Author-X-Name-Last: Sarkar
Title: Angel investing in an austerity economy – the take-up of government policies in Portugal
Abstract: 
 Business angels (BAs) are recognized as playing a significant role in stimulating entrepreneurial activity. With the decline in both bank lending and venture capital investment since the onset of the global economic crisis, government efforts to stimulate BA activity have become a more significant component in strategies to increase the level of entrepreneurial activity. This paper examines the responsiveness of angels to such initiatives in so-called austerity economies – countries that were hardest hit by the financial crisis of 2008 and subsequent global recession and, as a consequence, had to take extreme economic and fiscal measures to reduce their budget deficits. We examine this question in Portugal which experienced one of the deepest recessions in the European Union following the implementation of severe austerity measures. This study confirms that government intervention to support angel investing can have a positive impact. However, the different types of intervention have varied in take-up rates. Other countries can learn from the Portuguese experience in three ways: the types of interventions that have the highest and lowest levels of take-up, the link between the design and the take-up of incentives, and types of intervention that should be considered but have not been implemented in Portugal.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1516-1537
Issue: 9
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1328045
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1328045
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:25:y:2017:i:9:p:1516-1537




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christine Hudson
Author-X-Name-First: Christine
Author-X-Name-Last: Hudson
Author-Name: Linda Sandberg
Author-X-Name-First: Linda
Author-X-Name-Last: Sandberg
Author-Name: Ulrika Schmauch
Author-X-Name-First: Ulrika
Author-X-Name-Last: Schmauch
Title: The co-creation (of) culture? The case of Umeå, European Capital of Culture 2014
Abstract: 
 Culture is often promoted as crucial in efforts to achieve economic growth and social cohesion. In recent debates, greater attention has been directed at the importance of culture in creating democratic and just cities. Drawing on theories concerning participation, we study the processes of citizen participation in the creation of culture in relation to the European Capital of Culture in Umeå in Northern Sweden. The city has been praised for its focus on participation and the ‘co-creation’ of culture. We scrutinize the idea of co-creation, how it is filled with meaning by different actors, the way it is operationalized by city officials and cultural actors/practitioners and the possibilities for public participation and the power relationships at play in the city. We conclude that culture tends to be depoliticized and turned into an arena available for all on supposedly equal terms and ignores the very unequal terms on which different actors participate. It ignores how power relations affect and construct who gets to speak and be heard; that there are conflicting meanings of culture and co-creation and how power influences whose definition of culture is accepted.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1538-1555
Issue: 9
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1327032
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1327032
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sabrina Fredin
Author-X-Name-First: Sabrina
Author-X-Name-Last: Fredin
Author-Name: Marina Jogmark
Author-X-Name-First: Marina
Author-X-Name-Last: Jogmark
Title: Local culture as a context for entrepreneurial activities
Abstract: 
 This paper examines how an industrial legacy leads to the formation of a distinct local culture and how the culture’s survival provides a context for the subsequent entrepreneurial activities in new local industries. The discussion about culture as a key driver of entrepreneurship and economic growth is well established in the academic debate. However, we know little about how culture is formed. Through a qualitative case study of two polar Swedish cities, the study highlights four key factors which are instrumental in the formation of local culture: initial conditions, characteristics of key players, network activities and composition of newcomers. We show how the local entrepreneurs responded to the underlying assumptions of the two different cultures.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1556-1574
Issue: 9
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1306028
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1306028
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matteo Berzi
Author-X-Name-First: Matteo
Author-X-Name-Last: Berzi
Title: The cross-border reterritorialization concept revisited: the territorialist approach applied to the case of Cerdanya on the French-Spanish border
Abstract: 
 The aim of this paper is to bring new elements into the theoretical discussion so as to better understand the realities of borderlands. Our goal involves projecting a new conceptualization of the cross-border territory and cross-border reterritorialization by refining the analytical framework envisioned by the current literature on border studies. More specifically, we apply the so-called ‘territorialist approach’, an innovative and culturally oriented approach for territorial studies that is rooted in the Italian geographical school. Cross-border territories are conceived as complex territorial units, whereby geographical, socioeconomic and cultural patterns are affected and thus altered by the fixation of international boundaries and territorialization. Nevertheless, the persistence of local cross-border networks, both formal and informal, contributes to the maintenance of a shared local milieu. The European integration processes, especially in view of the European Territorial Cooperation programmes, represent an important framework for supporting local cross-border cooperation and boosting new territorial strategies for borderlands. From this perspective, we hypothesize that new cycles of local cross-border reterritorialization can be observed along the EU borderlands by creating new forms of cross-border territorial capital. The case study of Cerdanya (French-Spanish border) illustrates the application of the theoretical framework by analysing the enduring experiences of cross-border cooperation.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1575-1596
Issue: 9
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1321622
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1321622
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xiaoyun Zhao
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaoyun
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao
Author-Name: Kenneth Carling
Author-X-Name-First: Kenneth
Author-X-Name-Last: Carling
Author-Name: Johan Håkansson
Author-X-Name-First: Johan
Author-X-Name-Last: Håkansson
Title: Residential planning, driver mobility and CO emission: a microscopic look at Borlänge in Sweden
Abstract: 
 In a city there are hotspots that attract citizens, and most of the transportation arises when citizens move between their residence and primary destinations (i.e. hotspots). However, an ex ante evaluation of energy-efficient mobility and urban residential planning has seldom been conducted. Therefore, this paper proposes an ex ante evaluation method to quantify the impacts, in terms of CO2 emissions induced by intra-urban car mobility, of residential plans for various urban areas. The method is illustrated in a case study of a Swedish midsize city, which is presently preoccupied with urban planning of new residential areas in response to substantial population growth due to immigration. In general, CO2 emissions increase from the continued urban core area (CUCA), to the sub-polycentric area (SPA), to the edge urbanization area (EUA), where CO2 emission of EUA is twice that of the CUCA. The average travel distances also increase in the same pattern, though the relative increase is more than four times. Apartment buildings could be more effective in meeting residential needs and mitigating CO2 emissions than dispersed single-family houses.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1597-1614
Issue: 9
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1317722
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1317722
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Helena Valve
Author-X-Name-First: Helena
Author-X-Name-Last: Valve
Author-Name: Minna Kaljonen
Author-X-Name-First: Minna
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaljonen
Author-Name: Pirkko Kauppila
Author-X-Name-First: Pirkko
Author-X-Name-Last: Kauppila
Author-Name: Jussi Kauppila
Author-X-Name-First: Jussi
Author-X-Name-Last: Kauppila
Title: Power and the material arrangements of a river basin management plan: the case of the Archipelago Sea
Abstract: 
 The drive towards collaborative governance has raised critical questions about the hidden forms of power practised in consensual planning processes. In the field of water governance, the issue has been analysed in terms that treat power as an intrinsic property of actors or planning settings. Alternatively power is located in the discursive means mobilized by the human participants. Drawing from actor-network theory, this paper calls attention to the material arrangements constitutive for the practicing of power in target-driven, consensus-seeking planning. It sets focus on the obligatory passage points and factual closures through which a planning task links, for example, to ecosystems, policy principles and trajectories of governance. In the meantime, some other entities and issues may lose their planning-steering potentiality. As shown by the analysis of a river-basin planning process, the arrangements that end up steering consensus-seeking cannot be treated as merely discursive outputs operating upon a passive non-human reality. Materialities and living processes contribute to the outcome. However, the link is not deterministic. With different means of arrangement, the planning reality can – and, in the studied case, could have – end up different.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1615-1632
Issue: 9
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1308470
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1308470
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marta Götz
Author-X-Name-First: Marta
Author-X-Name-Last: Götz
Author-Name: Barbara Jankowska
Author-X-Name-First: Barbara
Author-X-Name-Last: Jankowska
Title: Clusters and Industry 4.0 – do they fit together?
Abstract: 
 Industry 4.0 heralds the profound transformation of business models by enabling the fusion of virtual and real worlds and the application of digitization, automatization and robotics in manufacturing. We review the basic premises of Industry 4.0 and map them against the clusters’ features with the aim to establish the kind of relations between these two categories. By exploring the likely impact of clusters on Industry 4.0, our discussion revolves around the broader question of the role of regional ecosystems in industrial transformation. Clusters, thanks to the advantages such as knowledge base and mechanisms, agglomeration economies and externalities (labour pool and critical mass of firms) and favourable more stable, less uncertain environment of trust and cooperation, may facilitate the digital transformation, particularly its phasing-in and testing phases. Notwithstanding this potential, it should be stressed that not all clusters would be able to play such prominent role. Only these equipped with adequate knowledge base and providing some expertise in the field of IT solutions, robotics, automatics, and so on, i.e. the technologies crucial to Industry 4.0 seem predestined to contribute to the emergence of fully fledged industrial internet. Despite seemingly some inconsistency between these two categories, clusters can facilitate the business transformation towards Industry 4.0.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1633-1653
Issue: 9
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1327037
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1327037
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joks Janssen
Author-X-Name-First: Joks
Author-X-Name-Last: Janssen
Author-Name: Eric Luiten
Author-X-Name-First: Eric
Author-X-Name-Last: Luiten
Author-Name: Hans Renes
Author-X-Name-First: Hans
Author-X-Name-Last: Renes
Author-Name: Eva Stegmeijer
Author-X-Name-First: Eva
Author-X-Name-Last: Stegmeijer
Title: Heritage as sector, factor and vector: conceptualizing the shifting relationship between heritage management and spatial planning
Abstract: 
 Heritage is a highly malleable concept that is constantly in flux and whose substance and meaning are continuously being redefined by society. From such a dynamic perspective, it is inevitable that new approaches and practices have developed for dealing with heritage in the context of planned development. While most scholars acknowledge the existence of various heritage approaches, one of the major defining features is often neglected: their distinctive outlook on spatial dynamics. In this article, the shifting role and purpose of heritage conservation in Dutch spatial planning is analysed. A conceptual framework is introduced that frames three approaches to the planning treatment of heritage; the sector, factor and vector approach, respectively. Although these approaches have developed in a historical sequence, the new did not replace the old but rather gained ground amongst different actors. Thus, three quite different ways of treating the past in the present now coexist in Dutch planning practice. Although this coexistence can raise conflict, we argue that contemporary heritage planning does not call for a one-size-fits-all approach, but rather for a mixed-mode model.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1654-1672
Issue: 9
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1329410
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1329410
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: L. Lazzeretti
Author-X-Name-First: L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Lazzeretti
Author-Name: F. Capone
Author-X-Name-First: F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Capone
Author-Name: A. Caloffi
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Caloffi
Author-Name: S. R. Sedita
Author-X-Name-First: S. R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sedita
Title: Rethinking clusters. Towards a new research agenda for cluster research
Abstract: 
 Notwithstanding the wide research on clusters and industrial districts, most of the preceding contributions tried to analyse and investigate past research and rarely tried to critique or propose any future trajectories of this stream of research. The aim of this special issue is to identify and discuss the main themes of research that populate the current scientific debate and highlight the emergent lines that may well set the future research agenda. In order to provide a scenario for better understanding the content of this special issue, in this work, we encouraged a mix of quantitative and qualitative approaches. In particular, to identify the most important themes of current and future research, we present a bibliometric analysis of the papers that were presented at the international workshop ‘Rethinking Clusters’, which took place in Florence in 2018, with more than 100 participants. This exercise together with a wider literature review permits us to propose a new research agenda on cluster research according to eight main themes. These range from cluster life cycles, through creativity, innovation, knowledge networks, cluster policy issues, internationalization, sustainability, finally to cluster variety and relatedness.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1879-1903
Issue: 10
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1650899
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1650899
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nils Grashof
Author-X-Name-First: Nils
Author-X-Name-Last: Grashof
Author-Name: Kolja Hesse
Author-X-Name-First: Kolja
Author-X-Name-Last: Hesse
Author-Name: Dirk Fornahl
Author-X-Name-First: Dirk
Author-X-Name-Last: Fornahl
Title: Radical or not? The role of clusters in the emergence of radical innovations
Abstract: 
 Recently, radical innovations have received increasing attention in order to achieve long-term economic success. Regional clusters, being frequently used as an innovation policy instrument, have been shown to have the potential to support innovations in general. However, it remains unclear whether clusters are really a beneficial environment for the generation of radical innovations. This study aims to shed light on the specific role clusters can play in radical innovation processes. In order to do this, we apply a quantitative approach on the firm-level and combine several data sources (e.g. AMADEUS, PATSTAT, German subsidy catalogue). Our results show that clusters indeed provide a suitable environment for radical innovations. Furthermore, we find that radical innovations rather occur in the periphery of the cluster, where actors tend to be more open to the exchange of external knowledge. This happens in general through linkages with other actors, which we also find to be beneficial for the emergence of radical innovations up to a certain degree. Our findings implicate that policy makers should continue to support clusters and further develop funding schemes. Moreover, managers should be open to collaborations with other actors for the cross-fertilization of knowledge to promote radical innovations.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1904-1923
Issue: 10
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1631260
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1631260
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jose-Luis Hervas-Oliver
Author-X-Name-First: Jose-Luis
Author-X-Name-Last: Hervas-Oliver
Author-Name: Francisca Sempere-Ripoll
Author-X-Name-First: Francisca
Author-X-Name-Last: Sempere-Ripoll
Author-Name: Sofia Estelles-Miguel
Author-X-Name-First: Sofia
Author-X-Name-Last: Estelles-Miguel
Author-Name: Ronald Rojas-Alvarado
Author-X-Name-First: Ronald
Author-X-Name-Last: Rojas-Alvarado
Title: Radical vs incremental innovation in Marshallian Industrial Districts in the Valencian Region: what prevails?
Abstract: 
 This study’s objective consists of deciphering whether collocation in MIDs, exerts a potential effect on a firm’s discontinuous or radical innovative performance. The study explores and integrates economic geography with innovation literature in order to explore the relationship between Marshalllian Industrial Districts (MIDs) and firm innovation. Specifically, we encompass radical or discontinuous innovation, as opposed to an incremental or imitative one. We build a framework from which MIDs’ effect on discontinuous innovation is approached. Using CIS data in Spain in district and non-district firms in a region, our results show that: (i) collocated firms’ innovative performance is positively related to the District effect, as long as the innovation pursuit is incremental; (ii) collocation in MIDs does not facilitate the pursuit of radical innovation but mainly supports an incremental one, and (iii) district firms show asymmetric capabilities and innovative output, as long as the innovation pursuit is incremental, nor discontinuous. Implications for the MID framework are discussed.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1924-1939
Issue: 10
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1638887
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1638887
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rafael Boix-Domenech
Author-X-Name-First: Rafael
Author-X-Name-Last: Boix-Domenech
Author-Name: Vittorio Galletto
Author-X-Name-First: Vittorio
Author-X-Name-Last: Galletto
Author-Name: Fabio Sforzi
Author-X-Name-First: Fabio
Author-X-Name-Last: Sforzi
Title: Place-based innovation in industrial districts: the long-term evolution of the iMID effect in Spain (1991–2014)
Abstract: 
 The innovation-Marshallian industrial district (iMID) effect defines the existence of dynamic efficiency in the Marshallian industrial district (MID) in the form of a positive innovative differential compared to the average of the national economy. Cross-sectional analyses have proven the existence of the iMID effect. Nevertheless, these findings do not provide any evidence on the evolution in the iMID effect over a long period and, in particular, when phases of growth, crisis and economic recovery follow one another, as occurred in the world economy around 1990 and 2007. This paper aims at closing this gap in knowledge by measuring the evolution of the iMID effect for Spain for the period 1991–2014. The measurement is made using an exhaustive database of 143,229 patents and by estimating a knowledge production function for the local production systems (LPSs). The results show that MIDs registered the largest number of patents compared to the other LPSs during the time span considered, that the iMID effect is higher for the highest quantiles of innovative intensity, and that MIDs’ innovative intensity has been continuously above the national average, even after the 2007 economic crisis. MIDs are still fundamental for the generation of innovation in the Spanish economy.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1940-1958
Issue: 10
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1588861
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1588861
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roberto Grandinetti
Author-X-Name-First: Roberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Grandinetti
Title: Rereading industrial districts through the lens of entrepreneurship
Abstract: 
 This paper analyzes the link between industrial districts and entrepreneurship, building a bridge between the literature on entrepreneurship and the literature on industrial districts. Drawing a distinction between generic entrepreneurship and selective entrepreneurship leads us to acknowledge that a close association between industrial districts as a whole and entrepreneurship is only well-founded if we are speaking of the generic definition of the latter. Burt's theory of structural holes and its application to industrial districts enables us to identify two different types of industrial district, one featuring a high degree of density or closure (P-clusters), the other a high degree of brokerage or (selective) entrepreneurship (SV-clusters). The framework proposed here also suggests a novel interpretation of the transformations that industrial districts of the first type have undergone under the pressure of globalization.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1959-1977
Issue: 10
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1614151
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1614151
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cristina Chaminade
Author-X-Name-First: Cristina
Author-X-Name-Last: Chaminade
Author-Name: Marco Bellandi
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Bellandi
Author-Name: Monica Plechero
Author-X-Name-First: Monica
Author-X-Name-Last: Plechero
Author-Name: Erica Santini
Author-X-Name-First: Erica
Author-X-Name-Last: Santini
Title: Understanding processes of path renewal and creation in thick specialized regional innovation systems. Evidence from two textile districts in Italy and Sweden
Abstract: 
 The type of regional innovation system (RIS) strongly affects possibilities of paths of industrial transformation. This paper argues that traditional manufacturing districts, corresponding to specialized RISs and characterized by various nuclei of specialization and know-how, may foster different trajectories in combination with extra-regional networks. In particular, the paper analyses the interplay between regional and national innovation systems, providing an overview of the effect that different multilevel dynamics have on local trajectories. The cases of the textile districts in Prato (Italy) and Borås (Sweden) show SRISs can display not only path extension but also path renewal and creation strategies.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1978-1994
Issue: 10
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1610727
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1610727
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marco Bettiol
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Bettiol
Author-Name: Maria Chiarvesio
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Chiarvesio
Author-Name: Eleonora Di Maria
Author-X-Name-First: Eleonora
Author-X-Name-Last: Di Maria
Author-Name: Debora Gottardello
Author-X-Name-First: Debora
Author-X-Name-Last: Gottardello
Title: Local or global? Does internationalization drive innovation in clusters?
Abstract: 
 Innovation in clusters is initially rooted in proximity among specialized actors, but over time it results from an interplay between the local and global levels. The internationalization of production and the relocation of cluster manufacturing activities abroad open a debate on the impact of such dynamics upon innovation, between knowledge acquisition opportunities and the weakening of local innovation activities. This paper contributes to the debate by empirically testing whether internationalization has an impact on cluster firms’ innovation outputs. Based on a survey conducted among 259 Italian cluster firms, the results show that upstream and downstream internationalization per se does not impact innovation, measuring product, process, organizational, and marketing innovation outputs. On the contrary, collaboration with external actors, such as designers, research centres or universities, has a positive effect on firms’ innovation outputs. This is consistent with the cluster model and with previous studies focusing on innovation in the cluster context. Our analyses show that it is not internationalization that matters when it comes to innovation for cluster firms. Innovation performances are influenced by the relational capabilities of cluster firms to connect and manage collaboration even outside the cluster scale.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1995-2014
Issue: 10
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1626806
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1626806
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mario Davide Parrilli
Author-X-Name-First: Mario Davide
Author-X-Name-Last: Parrilli
Title: Clusters and internationalization: the role of lead firms’ commitment and RIS proactivity in tackling the risk of internal fractures
Abstract: 
 In this paper, we discuss the growth potential of clusters and industrial districts (CIDs) in international markets. Over the past two decades, CIDs have gone under increasing competitive pressure while markets have progressively globalized. Lead companies, either foreign or home-grown multinationals, have globalized their operations while often reducing their commitment (e.g. investments) within CIDs. As a result, a number of second, third and fourth-tier suppliers disconnect from global value chains coordinated by lead companies, leaving the cluster fractured and jeopardizing local development prospects. Only a few firms in the CID cope with globalization. This situation represents a challenge that CIDs need to take on. In this paper, we inquire about the importance of two factors that may represent crucial conditions for the upgrading of CIDs within global markets. The long-term commitment of lead companies with the local economy, together with the dense interaction between the regional innovation system and the lead companies and their new global innovation network, are found to be crucial elements for the resilience of CIDs and their small firms. A few successful CIDs are considered vis-à-vis others that face higher risks of internal fracture. Relevant cases in Spain, Italy, and Costa Rica are analysed here.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2015-2033
Issue: 10
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1635087
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1635087
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Niccolò Innocenti
Author-X-Name-First: Niccolò
Author-X-Name-Last: Innocenti
Author-Name: Luciana Lazzeretti
Author-X-Name-First: Luciana
Author-X-Name-Last: Lazzeretti
Title: Growth in regions, knowledge bases and relatedness: some insights from the Italian case
Abstract: 
 The present work uses an evolutionary economic geography framework to contribute to the literature on the combinatorial dimension of differentiated knowledge bases (DKB). The aim is to determine if there is a pattern of knowledge creation that does not rely on one specific knowledge base, and if the three knowledge bases require the presence of other related sectors to exploit their innovative capacity leading to the growth of the region. We apply Hidalgo, Klinger, Barabási, and Hausmann’s [2007. The product space conditions the development of nations. Science, 317(5837), 482–487.] methodology of a revealed relatedness measure between sectors, thus measuring the relatedness between the three KB and the relatedness of each KB with all other sectors (outside). The results show how, at the local level, the sectors characterized by synthetic and symbolic knowledge bases in the presence of other sectors with a high degree of relatedness are able to increase the employment growth of the area.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2034-2048
Issue: 10
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1588862
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1588862
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Hassink
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Hassink
Author-Name: Huiwen Gong
Author-X-Name-First: Huiwen
Author-X-Name-Last: Gong
Title: Six critical questions about smart specialization
Abstract: 
 During the last five years, we can observe a soaring academic interest in the concept of smart specialization. A burgeoning literature emerged both conceptually and empirically. In this paper, we pause for a while and take stock of six critiques so far identified in this emerging literature. The aim is to provide a critical lens for future research on smart specialization strategies and processes. We argue that: (1) Smart specialization is a confusing concept, as what it really means is diversification; (2) It is largely predicated on a conventional science and technology (S&T) model of innovation and regional economic development, whereas socio-ecological innovation and social innovation, have only been implicitly mentioned, at best; (3) It is the continuation of cluster policies, rather than a brand-new policy instrument; (4) It contains a delusional transformative hope, although the entrepreneurial discovery process could very likely lead to lock-ins; (5) Structurally weak regions might be less likely to benefit from smart specialization; and 6) more rigorous measurements of smart specialization are still needed. By engaging systematically with these six issues, we not only aim to improve the effects of smart specialization as a policy programme, but also to contribute to its conceptual advancement.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2049-2065
Issue: 10
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1650898
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1650898
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dominique Foray
Author-X-Name-First: Dominique
Author-X-Name-Last: Foray
Title: In response to ‘Six critical questions about smart spezialisation’
Abstract: 
 This paper has been written as a response to « Six critical questions about smart specialization » by R. Hassink and H. Gong. The paper starts with a reminder of what has not changed in terms of the basic principles and raison d’être of smart specialization. Then it proceeds to identifying what we have learned since 2014 and on this basis it will address the six critical questions posed by Robert and Huiven.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2066-2078
Issue: 10
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1664037
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1664037
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anders Kamp Høst
Author-X-Name-First: Anders Kamp
Author-X-Name-Last: Høst
Author-Name: Lars Winther
Author-X-Name-First: Lars
Author-X-Name-Last: Winther
Title: Job polarization in the new economy in Danish cities: location, size, and the role of the public sector
Abstract: 
 In this paper we examine the geographic patterns of employment growth and employment polarization in small and medium-sized cities (SMCs) in Denmark during the rise of the new economy. The geography of employment polarization in Danish cities is examined using register-based employment data on occupations and wages divided into the public and private sectors in the period 1993–2006; it therefore covers a long period of transformation and growth in the Danish economy. We conclude that employment growth is characterized by employment polarization combined with growth in low- and high-wage employment and a decline in medium-wage employment. However, these patterns of polarization differ across the public and private sectors, as well as by geography. While local labour market (LLM) size, city position and city specialization influence the geography of private-sector employment growth and polarization, municipal population and composition influence the geography of public-sector growth patterns across wage levels. Finally, public and private employment are positively associated within SMCs, predominantly driven by the positive association between public employment and private-sector low-wage employment. However, public employment is not associated with an increase in private low-wage employment in more remote areas.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1661-1686
Issue: 9
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1626351
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1626351
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ebru Mobedi
Author-X-Name-First: Ebru
Author-X-Name-Last: Mobedi
Author-Name: Mustafa Tanyeri
Author-X-Name-First: Mustafa
Author-X-Name-Last: Tanyeri
Title: Comparison of two cluster life stages in a synthetic knowledge base
Abstract: 
 Knowledge flows in clusters are highly important since they are related to innovation. Types and spatial levels of knowledge sources have been studied by many scholars. This study examines knowledge sources from evolutionary perspective. Evolutionary Economic Geography suggests that regional industries and their dynamics co-evolve. While conceptual and empirical studies argue that network characteristics take different characteristics throughout time, and that knowledge sources are subject to change, little is known about in what way they change in a synthetic knowledge base. In this study, we examined the knowledge sources in a specific knowledge base throughout time. The study was applied to two clusters in Turkey in a synthetic knowledge base yet in different life stages: emergence and maturity. The network structure was analysed by social network analysis, hypotheses were tested by Mann–Whitney U-Tests. The findings show that although network structure and density change through maturity, the types and spatial levels of knowledge sources do not vary between the two life stages, they keep the same characteristics of their knowledge bases.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1687-1708
Issue: 9
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1628182
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1628182
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sara Gustafsson
Author-X-Name-First: Sara
Author-X-Name-Last: Gustafsson
Author-Name: Sofia Päivärinne
Author-X-Name-First: Sofia
Author-X-Name-Last: Päivärinne
Author-Name: Olof Hjelm
Author-X-Name-First: Olof
Author-X-Name-Last: Hjelm
Title: Strategic spatial planning – a missed opportunity to facilitate district heating systems based on excess heat
Abstract: 
 Strategic spatial planning is important for developing long-term visions and strategies towards regional and local sustainability. This paper explores if and how strategic spatial planning could be useful for overcoming some barriers related to new sustainable ways of heating residential areas, using district heating systems based on industrial excess heat. This longitudinal study builds on interviews with municipal and private actors in six Swedish municipalities. It highlights that important barriers can be overcome by influencing the design and location of residential districts and industrial activities. Further, it identifies missed opportunities in local spatial planning practice as stakeholders are involved late in the planning when much is set, leaving little space for stakeholders to have an impact. Consequently, there might be a lack of knowledge and expertise in how such issues could enhance planning. Strategic spatial planning could facilitate conditions for excess heat-based systems of district heating as it implies a broader systems perspective which could enhance a broader planning scope. Plan programs could bring about more strategic spatial planning processes as these require early stakeholder involvement. If taking stakeholder involvement one step further to stakeholder collaboration or co-production, an even broader planning scope would be achieved.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1709-1726
Issue: 9
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1628924
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1628924
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria J. Ruiz-Fuensanta
Author-X-Name-First: Maria J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ruiz-Fuensanta
Author-Name: Marco Bellandi
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Bellandi
Title: Entrepreneurship dynamics and economic cycles: an analysis for local systems and industrial districts
Abstract: 
 We propose a research framework that expressly takes into account the moderating and differentiated influence that can be exerted on the dynamics of entrepreneurship capital by both the type of local system and the economic situation. Moreover, we investigate whether industrial districts are a more favourable context for the evolution of the entrepreneurship capital. We apply this framework to data of municipalities, grouped in local labour systems, of three Spanish regions and in two sub-periods of, respectively, crisis (2007–2011) and incipient recovery (2011–2014). Results are consistent with a set of sensible relations that can be extracted from the background literature.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1727-1747
Issue: 9
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1629396
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1629396
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Markku Sotarauta
Author-X-Name-First: Markku
Author-X-Name-Last: Sotarauta
Author-Name: Nina Suvinen
Author-X-Name-First: Nina
Author-X-Name-Last: Suvinen
Title: Place leadership and the challenge of transformation: policy platforms and innovation ecosystems in promotion of green growth
Abstract: 
 In this paper, we explore how place leadership aims at producing transformational changes in the context of green growth. We ask what the main leadership strategies are that key actors pursue to gain leverage in their efforts to boost green growth. We use the well-known categories of transactional and transformational leadership. The following are the main research questions: (a) What do place leaders do to boost green institutional paths? (b) How do they aim to amplify their limited power base? and (c) How do they amplify their ability to influence both place-based and placeless agents? We scrutinize these questions in the context of green path development in two Finnish regions. The empirical study follows a two parallel single case study design. The cases in this paper deal with the cleantech-related path development in the Tampere city-region and bioeconomy-related path development in Central Finland. The two case studies were carefully chosen to illustrate the two main green growth-related industries in two different Finnish regions. The empirical data was based on 30 interviews of the national and local/regional development agencies as well as from firms and research/educational organizations. Additionally, the written material from the Internet, relevant journals, related newspaper articles and respective policy documents were analysed.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1748-1767
Issue: 9
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1634006
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1634006
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefania Fiorentino
Author-X-Name-First: Stefania
Author-X-Name-Last: Fiorentino
Title: Different typologies of ‘co-working spaces’ and the contemporary dynamics of local economic development in Rome
Abstract: 
 Co-working spaces of different types are emerging as new economic and social intermediaries in the contemporary process of urban regeneration and urban economic growth. Despite their relevance, literature still fails to explore their role in the surrounding local economy. This paper intends to fill that gap, providing empirical evidence from the city of Rome and suggesting new policy perspectives. First, a taxonomy of the different spaces is provided, assessing their role in the related socio-economic ecosystem. Three main typologies have been identified: CWS1 acting as a ‘social incubator’ with an educational role and closer links to local authorities, CWS2 or ‘start-up incubator’ providing economic and technical support to the entrepreneurs-to-be, CWS3 or ‘real estate incubator’ which are mainly a commercial product. Their locational patterns are then discussed, highlighting the planning implication of their settlement in some in-between urban peripheral areas of Rome. Finally, suggestions for the creation of public/private partnerships or ‘social leases’ are proposed, foreseeing the integration of such spaces in the local offer of amenities. The current research paves the way for further discussion on the renewal of cities’ governance tools, processes of urban regeneration and policies tackling the new urban entrepreneurial class.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1768-1790
Issue: 9
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1620697
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1620697
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maximilian Benner
Author-X-Name-First: Maximilian
Author-X-Name-Last: Benner
Title: Smart specialization and institutional context: the role of institutional discovery, change and leapfrogging
Abstract: 
 Recent years have witnessed much experimentation with smart specialization strategies (RIS3) and entrepreneurial discovery processes (EDPs) in European regions. The EDP can be seen as an opportunity to address institutional questions. Because institutional patterns can explain why some policies are eventually successful while others are not, looking at the institutional context of regional economies can increase the effectiveness of regional policy. This article argues that the EDP functions as a framework to discover institutional patterns specific to a regional economy, and to define policies either consistent with existing institutions or aiming at institutional change. The article proposes a conceptual framework to understand and analyze the two institution-related roles of the EDP, first as an institutional discovery process and second as an institutional change process. The article builds on empirical case studies in two regions (Lower Austria, Austria and South Tyrol, Italy) and two small countries (Slovenia and Croatia). The case studies focus on how these regions or countries organized the EDP that eventually led to the formulation of their RIS3, and on the institutional dynamics of the EDP in discovering and changing institutions. The article concludes with policy implications that contribute to the debate on post-2020 EU Cohesion Policy.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1791-1810
Issue: 9
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1643826
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1643826
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pierre-Alexandre Balland
Author-X-Name-First: Pierre-Alexandre
Author-X-Name-Last: Balland
Author-Name: Ron Boschma
Author-X-Name-First: Ron
Author-X-Name-Last: Boschma
Author-Name: Julien Ravet
Author-X-Name-First: Julien
Author-X-Name-Last: Ravet
Title: Network dynamics in collaborative research in the EU, 2003–2017
Abstract: 
 A key objective of the EU Framework Programmes for Research and Innovation is the creation of cross-country research networks. We make use of Social Network tools to describe the evolution of the EU research network across countries on the basis of unique data covering collaborative projects launched during the first four years of implementation of Horizon 2020 and its predecessor programmes, the Sixth and Seventh Framework Programme. We describe the positioning of all EU-countries in the collaborative research network, the positioning of the older member EU-15 and the newer member EU-13 countries in particular, and to what extent the network has been subject to change during the period 2003–2017. EU-15 and EU-13 countries have become more integrated, and some organizations fulfil a bridging function in the EU research network. EU-13 countries are more heavily engaged in parts of the programme on lower complexity research activities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1811-1837
Issue: 9
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1641187
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1641187
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jose-Luis Hervas-Oliver
Author-X-Name-First: Jose-Luis
Author-X-Name-Last: Hervas-Oliver
Author-Name: Sofia Estelles-Miguel
Author-X-Name-First: Sofia
Author-X-Name-Last: Estelles-Miguel
Author-Name: Gustavo Mallol-Gasch
Author-X-Name-First: Gustavo
Author-X-Name-Last: Mallol-Gasch
Author-Name: Juan Boix-Palomero
Author-X-Name-First: Juan
Author-X-Name-Last: Boix-Palomero
Title: A place-based policy for promoting Industry 4.0: the case of the Castellon ceramic tile district
Abstract: 
 Digitization and its impact on regions and clusters remains overlooked in the literature, and constitute this present paper’s goal. How does an industrial district transit collectively to the adoption of new radical changes brought about by Industry 4.0? This study explores the role of collective actors and innovation platforms during the early stages of a pilot policy to stimulate a collective transition of an entire MID (Marshallian Industrial District) into Industry 4.0. We posit that institutional isomorphism and the existent social capital in MIDs is a double-sword phenomenon that can also positively constitute an enabler for fostering change on a collective-basis. Technology transitions, such as Industry 4.0, can be supported and led by collective actors that are central in facilitating the adoption of Industry 4.0 in MIDs, enticing innovative firms to engage in that transition, establishing, legitimizing, and embedding a new set of processes, practices and inter-firm arrangements for digitizing and then promoting imitation: the positive leverage of isomorphism. Thus, MID transition is facilitated through capitalizing on the MID logic of cooperation-competition and isomorphism, by developing and promoting a collective understanding of the new paradigm, building a supportive infrastructure, educating in the new technology and avoiding cognitive inertia.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1838-1856
Issue: 9
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1642855
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1642855
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mariangela Piazza
Author-X-Name-First: Mariangela
Author-X-Name-Last: Piazza
Author-Name: Erica Mazzola
Author-X-Name-First: Erica
Author-X-Name-Last: Mazzola
Author-Name: Lorenzo Abbate
Author-X-Name-First: Lorenzo
Author-X-Name-Last: Abbate
Author-Name: Giovanni Perrone
Author-X-Name-First: Giovanni
Author-X-Name-Last: Perrone
Title: Network position and innovation capability in the regional innovation network
Abstract: 
 This paper investigates the positioning of actors characterized by different natures in a regional innovation network and explores how these actors improve their innovation capabilities by assuming prominence or brokering positions. Innovation capability is widely seen to be the driving force in building regional competitive advantage, therefore investigating how the positioning of actors improves their innovation-related activities is relevant in terms of regional competitiveness. This paper builds on a survey conducted on the Sicilian regional area in Italy. A questionnaire was used to collect data concerning the relationships established between actors and the extent to which these relationships impact actors’ innovation capability. Results suggest that regional actors cannot be considered as a homogeneous group regarding their positioning in a regional network and that the innovation benefits of assuming different network positions depend on their nature. This paper offers some theoretical implications to the literature on regional innovation network and practical suggestions to organizations and regional policy makers.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1857-1878
Issue: 9
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1642856
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1642856
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Magnus Nilsson
Author-X-Name-First: Magnus
Author-X-Name-Last: Nilsson
Title: Proximity and the trust formation process
Abstract: 
 Trust is a key mechanism for explaining the ease and frequency of knowledge spillovers within regions. While the importance of trust is virtually uncontested, there have been few attempts to rigorously disentangle the way in which trust formation is related to space and proximity. The aim of this paper is to advance the understanding of trust formation in terms of its main antecedents within the context of regional studies. This is done by reviewing the rich literature on trust formation from psychology, sociology, and organization studies and connecting it conceptually to different types of proximity. In doing so, the paper maps out a number of avenues for future research on trust and geography.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 841-861
Issue: 5
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1575338
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1575338
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yossi Sheffi
Author-X-Name-First: Yossi
Author-X-Name-Last: Sheffi
Author-Name: Maria Jesus Saenz
Author-X-Name-First: Maria Jesus
Author-X-Name-Last: Saenz
Author-Name: Liliana Rivera
Author-X-Name-First: Liliana
Author-X-Name-Last: Rivera
Author-Name: David Gligor
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Gligor
Title: New forms of partnership: the role of logistics clusters in facilitating horizontal collaboration mechanisms
Abstract: 
 Although the benefits of horizontal collaboration have been well documented in the literature, research has yet to offer a detailed understanding of the mechanisms that firms employ to create successful horizontal collaboration. Further, the role of logistics clusters in facilitating horizontal collaboration is crucial but not clear yet. This paper addresses these gaps. In order to address the research objectives, we employ a systematic literature review methodology. As a result of this process, one hundred thirty-three (133) papers published in leading academic journals were systematically analyzed. These studies are reviewed under the theoretical lenses of the transaction cost economics (TCE) and the derived identification of governance mechanisms (i.e. joint value propositions, informal governance, formal governance and information exchange) to achieve successful horizontal collaboration. Further, we provide a detailed description of how logistics clusters can facilitate and promote the development of such mechanisms, illustrated with companies’ best practices. As a result, several testable research propositions are put forth.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 905-931
Issue: 5
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1575797
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1575797
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Viktor Květoň
Author-X-Name-First: Viktor
Author-X-Name-Last: Květoň
Author-Name: Karel Šafr
Author-X-Name-First: Karel
Author-X-Name-Last: Šafr
Title: Regional embeddedness, relatedness and inter-regional linkages among less developed regions in Central Europe
Abstract: 
 This paper aims at a comprehension of existing intra-/inter-regional production flows in a dynamically transforming, export-oriented economy in Central Europe. Drawing on evolutionary economic geography combined with input–output approaches, we have assessed the sectoral compositions and relationships between regions from a buyer-supplier interactions perspective. Inspired by contemporary literature we applied concepts of regional embeddedness, relatedness and vertically related variety. Conceptually we argue that the degree of embeddedness of regions is differentiated and spatially non-random. The differences will depend to a large extent on the economic characteristics and on the ability of key actors and institutions in these regions to respond actively to changing opportunities and threats. Empirically we have found: that economically more developed regions are relatively more embedded in terms of production flows and have greater sectoral variety, whereas regions with high export-dependence are economically backward, and have higher concentration of industry and negative associations with innovation activity and overall innovation potential. The intensity of interregional production flows increases as the regional economies vary more from each other, but beyond a certain level of structural difference the rate of mutual flows decreases; and that the intensity of interregional relations depends on the relatedness of the economic bases.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 862-884
Issue: 5
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1576591
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1576591
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henning Kroll
Author-X-Name-First: Henning
Author-X-Name-Last: Kroll
Title: Eye to eye with the innovation paradox: why smart specialization is no simple solution to policy design
Abstract: 
 This paper revisits common, yet often untested assumptions on factors hampering the implementation – or even clear articulation – of regional innovation strategies. Based on a dedicated framework drawing on political science literature, it reflects on whether there are merit and promise in future higher-level attempts to promote a more strategic take on regional innovation policy. It investigates which relevant factors in local politics, policy and administrative facilitate or prevent the definition of clear priorities for action. Drawing on a Europe wide survey of stakeholders managing strategic processes, it finds that while a number of obstacles need to be overcome, these are regionally specific rather than attributable to restrictive national cultures. Furthermore, it demonstrates how stakeholder involvement bears different challenges at different levels.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 932-951
Issue: 5
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1577363
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1577363
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Necmettin Çelik
Author-X-Name-First: Necmettin
Author-X-Name-Last: Çelik
Author-Name: Sedef Akgüngör
Author-X-Name-First: Sedef
Author-X-Name-Last: Akgüngör
Author-Name: Neşe Kumral
Author-X-Name-First: Neşe
Author-X-Name-Last: Kumral
Title: An assessment of the technology level and knowledge intensity of regions in Turkey
Abstract: 
 The paper investigates the patterns of technology and knowledge of the regions. The first aim of the paper is to determine cluster templates at the national level. The second aim of the paper is to investigate the technology and knowledge composition of the regional highpoint clusters. The paper identifies patterns of industrial linkages to define cluster templates and regional highpoints. The second part uncovers regional distributions of technology and knowledge. The data comes from Turkey’s 2012 input–output table. The location quotients use industrial employment statistics from the Turkish Statistical Institute. The technological and knowledge intensity classification follows Eurostat. The findings reveal 10 cluster templates in Turkey. Spatial distribution of the highpoint clusters reveals that most regions contain highpoint clusters with low technology and low knowledge-intensive sectors. The results reveal that highpoint clusters in Turkey’s regions contain industries whose technologies do not demand high skills, knowledge and sophistication. Limited existence of high-tech industries and low knowledge intensity in Turkey’s industry composition is a limiting factor for transition to high value-added manufacturing. Special emphasis should be directed towards constructing regional advantage, given the current levels of technology and knowledge intensity.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 952-973
Issue: 5
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1579301
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1579301
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tero Rantala
Author-X-Name-First: Tero
Author-X-Name-Last: Rantala
Author-Name: Juhani Ukko
Author-X-Name-First: Juhani
Author-X-Name-Last: Ukko
Title: Performance evaluation to support European regional development – A university–industry perspective
Abstract: 
 Regional-level innovation policies and development activities, which are not only technology oriented but that also address intellectual issues, knowledge and absorptive capacity enhancement as sources of innovation and economic growth, are posing challenges regarding their management. One of the main challenges that arises with these new types of regional-level development activities relates to their evaluation because insufficient attention is paid to the design and building of the current evaluation frameworks suggested for the context of regional development. This study presents a framework to design and build a performance evaluation system to support the performance measurement of regional development activities. Utilizing operational-level development activities as an empirical example, this study aims to improve the understanding of performance evaluation in university–industry collaborations in the context of regional development. The presented framework highlights the role of evaluation as part of the learning process in regional development activities between universities and industrial and public-sector organizations. The results of the study show that it is also possible to use the evaluation system to increase understanding of the interplay between operational level development activities and regional development programmes.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 974-994
Issue: 5
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1581728
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1581728
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Moritz von Oppenkowski
Author-X-Name-First: Moritz
Author-X-Name-Last: von Oppenkowski
Author-Name: Markus Hassler
Author-X-Name-First: Markus
Author-X-Name-Last: Hassler
Author-Name: Tim Roesler
Author-X-Name-First: Tim
Author-X-Name-Last: Roesler
Title: Informal markets and global value chains – the disembedding of Romanian dairy smallholders
Abstract: 
 The Romanian dairy-farming sector is marked by subsistence and semi-subsistence farms. Through consolidation in the retail and dairy sector, the price pressure has moved toward producers of raw milk. Through new European, national and private standards and global actors tapping into the Romanian market this development is reinforced. At the same time, the smallholders, formerly accepted to be acting on an informal level, cannot access their main distribution channels anymore. Additionally, through several legal constraints being developed since Romania’s accession to the European Union, the smallholders are neither able to issue invoices, nor to access certain subsidy programmes as they are not considered juridical persons. This article focuses on the consequences of this disembedding of farmers. The peasants are pushed toward informal activities or value chain positions, in which they do not have any bargaining power with the globally sourcing intermediaries they are supplying. The contemporary approaches of global value chains and global production networks build the theoretical framework for the study. Here it is argued that informal markets must be included into these approaches more concisely.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 995-1012
Issue: 5
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1584607
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1584607
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Véronique Favre-Bonte
Author-X-Name-First: Véronique
Author-X-Name-Last: Favre-Bonte
Author-Name: Elodie Gardet
Author-X-Name-First: Elodie
Author-X-Name-Last: Gardet
Author-Name: Catherine Thevenard-Puthod
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine
Author-X-Name-Last: Thevenard-Puthod
Title: The influence of territory on innovation network design in mountain tourism resorts
Abstract: 
 As there is little research on the link between territories and interorganisational networks, this paper examines how the nature of a territory influences the characteristics of innovation networks. It compares the innovation network forms of two types of territories (high-altitude and medium-altitude mountain resorts) regarding four characteristics of networks widely debated in the literature: the nature of the relationships between members, the mode of regulation used, the architecture, and the geographical proximity of members. This research makes a significant contribution to both the spatial development and innovation management literature: indeed, our results show that according to the nature of the territory, innovation networks differ in terms of partners, geographical proximity, and regulation mode. However, the nature of the territory does not seem to influence the architecture of the innovation network since those networks need a hub organization that orchestrates the partners’ actions. These results, by providing a better understanding of the characteristics of innovation networks, help tourist territories to better attract customers.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1035-1057
Issue: 5
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1588856
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1588856
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ross Brown
Author-X-Name-First: Ross
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown
Author-Name: Suzanne Mawson
Author-X-Name-First: Suzanne
Author-X-Name-Last: Mawson
Author-Name: Neil Lee
Author-X-Name-First: Neil
Author-X-Name-Last: Lee
Author-Name: Lauren Peterson
Author-X-Name-First: Lauren
Author-X-Name-Last: Peterson
Title: Start-up factories, transnational entrepreneurs and entrepreneurial ecosystems: unpacking the lure of start-up accelerator programmes
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the role of accelerator programmes in promoting transnational entrepreneurship. Designed to assist the growth of start-ups by providing seed finance and structured entrepreneurship support, these programmes are now a prominent feature in many entrepreneurial ecosystems around the world. Drawing on in-depth qualitative evidence focused on one particular programme, the paper shows accelerators play an important intermediary or ‘brokerage mechanism’ providing start-ups with enhanced relational connections and networks. Transnational entrepreneurs attracted to these programmes are highly focused on exploiting these networks whilst maintaining multiple levels of embeddedness in various contexts to maximize the opportunities afforded by accelerators. While many governments are attempting to replicate accelerators programmes within the public sector, the paper concludes that such attempts may prove problematic within weaker entrepreneurial ecosystems.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 885-904
Issue: 5
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1588858
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1588858
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roberta Capello
Author-X-Name-First: Roberta
Author-X-Name-Last: Capello
Author-Name: Silvia Cerisola
Author-X-Name-First: Silvia
Author-X-Name-Last: Cerisola
Title: Competitiveness through integration in the European Union Strategy for the Alpine Region: a ‘balanced development’ approach
Abstract: 
 In the last 10 years, the European Union has devoted specific attention and resources to the establishment of macro-regional strategies, with the objective of joining together transnational areas to favour the effective and organized management of common challenges. In most macro-regions, however, the identification of strategies to increase competitiveness is a rather difficult task, given the extreme internal diversity in economic activities. Focusing on the youngest macro-regional strategy – EUSALP – this paper highlights the specific combinations of territorial growth assets that allow to overcome the inefficient use of local abundant strategic resources, in line with a ‘balanced development’ approach. The results, obtained on the basis of a database gathered at NUTS3 level, are useful to provide policy suggestions to support the competitiveness of EUSALP through synergies and complementarities, according to a cooperation networks perspective.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1013-1034
Issue: 5
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1588860
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1588860
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: GIORGOS KALLIS
Author-X-Name-First: GIORGOS
Author-X-Name-Last: KALLIS
Author-Name: HENRI L.F. DE GROOT
Author-X-Name-First: HENRI L.F.
Author-X-Name-Last: DE GROOT
Title: Shifting Perspectives on Urban Water Policy in Europe
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 223-228
Issue: 3
Volume: 11
Year: 2003
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310303637
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310303637
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: DAVID SAURIÍ
Author-X-Name-First: DAVID
Author-X-Name-Last: SAURIÍ
Title: Lights and Shadows of Urban Water Demand Management: The Case of the Metropolitan Region of Barcelona
Abstract: The economic, social, and environmental limits of supplying water to metropolitan areas through conventional means (reservoirs, water transfers, etc.) have resulted in growing consideration of demand management actions as well as in the use of non-conventional sources of supply. In terms of demand management, economic instruments (pricing and taxes), domestic water-saving technologies, and educational campaigns to encourage water saving during periods of drought have received special attention. While demand management policies have an effect on conserving water and therefore should be welcome, they present problems and uncertainties as well. Using the example of the metropolitan region of Barcelona, in this article I argue that water demand management policies may be insufficient for reaching their ultimate goal of controlled water consumption when confronted with structural changes in urban development such as the expansion of low-density growth, the multiplication of the number of households, or gains in income, all of which lead to a potentially greater demand for water. This calls for more integration of water policies with land use and urban development policies.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 229-243
Issue: 3
Volume: 11
Year: 2003
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310303639
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310303639
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:3:p:229-243




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: G. KALLIS
Author-X-Name-First: G.
Author-X-Name-Last: KALLIS
Author-Name: H. COCCOSSIS
Author-X-Name-First: H.
Author-X-Name-Last: COCCOSSIS
Title: Managing Water for Athens: From the Hydraulic to the Rational Growth Paradigm
Abstract: Water management in Athens is at a turning point, since the relatively stable mode of State-organized and subsidized supply expansion has faced its limits in the drought-related crisis of 1989-1993. A shift in emphasis to the improvement of drinking water production and delivery efficiency is paralleled by an unimpeded and unquestioned growth in the scale of water use. In this article, we examine the intricacies of the evolving water management regime and argue that its contradictions will most likely reproduce the problems of the past, unless a more fundamental institutional change is worked out.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 245-261
Issue: 3
Volume: 11
Year: 2003
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310303633
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310303633
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: JASPER M. DALHUISEN
Author-X-Name-First: JASPER M.
Author-X-Name-Last: DALHUISEN
Author-Name: CAROLINE A. RODENBURG
Author-X-Name-First: CAROLINE A.
Author-X-Name-Last: RODENBURG
Author-Name: HENRI L.F. DE GROOT
Author-X-Name-First: HENRI L.F.
Author-X-Name-Last: DE GROOT
Author-Name: PETER NIJKAMP
Author-X-Name-First: PETER
Author-X-Name-Last: NIJKAMP
Title: Sustainable Water Management Policy: Lessons from Amsterdam
Abstract: This article focuses on the identification of critical water policy instruments, and opportunities and barriers to transforming urban water use in a sustainable and efficient direction in Amsterdam (The Netherlands). The main lessons that can be inferred from past and current water policies and management practices in Amsterdam show (1) the relevance of common action for increasing the quality of or general control over water resources when shared interests of different actors using the same water resource are present; (2) that the effectiveness and applicability of water policy instruments are strongly conditional upon receiving the support of both water users and suppliers; (3) that the governance structure of water provision plays a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of water use.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 263-281
Issue: 3
Volume: 11
Year: 2003
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310303636
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310303636
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:3:p:263-281




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: JOSEÍ E. CASTRO
Author-X-Name-First: JOSEÍ E.
Author-X-Name-Last: CASTRO
Author-Name: MARIA KAIKA
Author-X-Name-First: MARIA
Author-X-Name-Last: KAIKA
Author-Name: ERIK SWYNGEDOUW
Author-X-Name-First: ERIK
Author-X-Name-Last: SWYNGEDOUW
Title: London: Structural Continuities and Institutional Change in Water Management
Abstract: This article provides a synthetic account of the historical development of London's water supply system within its wider national context, and addresses the current organizational setting of the water sector. Particular attention is paid to the post-Second World War period, which marked a transition towards integrated water management in England and Wales, a trend that has been consolidated since the 1970s. The article emphasizes the continuities and contradictions arising from the different combinations of public and private management strategies characterizing the UK water sector, and their implications for the sustainable management of water resources. It argues that there exists an in-built contradiction in the current institutional framework between the profit-oriented rationale of the private operators and the goals of efficiency, equity, and environmental sustainability pursued by the water regulators. Within this framework, it highlights the key policy issues facing the metropolitan water systems, and suggests what their most likely trajectories might be in the foreseeable future.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 283-298
Issue: 3
Volume: 11
Year: 2003
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310303635
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310303635
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: MARIA KAIKA
Author-X-Name-First: MARIA
Author-X-Name-Last: KAIKA
Title: The Water Framework Directive: A New Directive for a Changing Social, Political and Economic European Framework
Abstract: This article examines the intricate process of developing the European Union's Water Framework Directive. It sees the Directive as a response to recent economic, political and social changes related to water management, including the shift from government to governance, the liberalization of water markets and the emergence of a new set of institutions, actors, etc. and their respective relations (i.e. social capital). The article focuses on the key points of disagreement between the Council of Ministers and the European Parliament that threatened to prevent the Directive from being materialized and interprets this controversy as the culmination of conflicting interests between different actors at the local, national and European levels. Finally, it asserts the increasingly important role of the nation state in the decision-making and implementation of the Directive and sets this against recent arguments about the death of the State.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 299-316
Issue: 3
Volume: 11
Year: 2003
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310303640
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310303640
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:3:p:299-316




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: DEIKE PETERS
Author-X-Name-First: DEIKE
Author-X-Name-Last: PETERS
Title: Cohesion, Polycentricity, Missing Links and Bottlenecks: Conflicting Spatial Storylines for Pan-European Transport Investments
Abstract: This article undertakes a discourse-centred investigation of the underlying rationales of European Union (EU) transport-sector investments. Its central contribution is the 'Conflicting-Storylines Proposition', stating that EU transport investments lack consistence and sustainability due to the existence of partially complementary, partially competing EU development objectives which are in turn expressed through four key storylines: 'cohesion', 'polycentricity', 'missing links' and, most recently, 'bottlenecks'. EU decision-making remains deeply conflicted and contested. Transport sector investments have to satisfy different aims related to growth, competitiveness, cohesion and sustainability. The Trans-European Network priority projects violate cohesion and sustainable development goals by concentrating investments in already privileged areas.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 317-339
Issue: 3
Volume: 11
Year: 2003
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310303638
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310303638
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: JOHN MCCARTHY
Author-X-Name-First: JOHN
Author-X-Name-Last: MCCARTHY
Title: The Cruise Industry and Port City Regeneration: The Case of Valletta
Abstract: Port cities in the Mediterranean and elsewhere are increasingly seeking to encourage tourism-related development, and the cruise industry is a significant potential source of revenue for such cities. Consequently, there is competition between port cities for infrastructure that allows increased cruise tourism, and many cities have encouraged the development of new cruise passenger terminal facilities. While such schemes have clear economic benefits, there are associated problems that may become evident only in the medium- or long-term. The case of the Valletta Waterfront Project illustrates a range of resulting issues and tensions, and indicates the need to more sensitively evaluate cruise tourism-related development proposals.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 341-350
Issue: 3
Volume: 11
Year: 2003
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310303634
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310303634
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:3:p:341-350




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Book Reviews
Journal: 
Pages: 351-356
Issue: 3
Volume: 11
Year: 2003
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310303632
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310303632
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:11:y:2003:i:3:p:351-356




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Víctor del-Corte-Lora
Author-X-Name-First: Víctor
Author-X-Name-Last: del-Corte-Lora
Author-Name: Teresa M. Vallet-Bellmunt
Author-X-Name-First: Teresa M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Vallet-Bellmunt
Author-Name: F. Xavier Molina-Morales
Author-X-Name-First: F. Xavier
Author-X-Name-Last: Molina-Morales
Title: How network position interacts with the relation between creativity and innovation in clustered firms
Abstract: 
 Several previous studies have investigated different ways to stimulate creativity, since it enhances innovation. However, although creativity can be considered the main input of innovation, it is not enough by itself. In this paper, we study the effects of the cluster on the firm’s levels of creativity and innovation. How does the position of a firm in a cluster affect its outcome of innovation? Is it better to be in a central position or to be isolated? Based on the creativity, innovation and social network analysis literature, a conceptual model has been developed to explain the interaction between creativity and network centrality, and tested in the ceramic industrial cluster in Spain. Empirical findings support interaction effects between creativity and network centrality that moderate the results of innovation. The implication of these results in relation to creativity and innovation theory and practices are discussed.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 561-582
Issue: 4
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1277984
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1277984
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Huiwen Gong
Author-X-Name-First: Huiwen
Author-X-Name-Last: Gong
Author-Name: Robert Hassink
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Hassink
Title: Exploring the clustering of creative industries
Abstract: 
 During the last decades, a large body of literature has been published on the clustering of creative industries, but it has not been reviewed in a systematic way. In this review paper, we fill this gap. The review leads to the identification of several deficiencies of current research. Based on that, we distil avenues for future empirical research on the drivers of the clustering of creative industries, which are embedded in a comprehensive analytical framework.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 583-600
Issue: 4
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1289154
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1289154
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:25:y:2017:i:4:p:583-600




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francesco Pagliacci
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco
Author-X-Name-Last: Pagliacci
Title: Regional paths towards Europe 2020 targets: a spatial approach
Abstract: 
 Europe 2020 is a 10-year EU strategy, promoting smart, sustainable and inclusive growth. Despite ambitious goals, its spatially blinded approach might seriously threaten its success. Actually, large territorial disparities still affect the EU, being the basis for a strong EU-wide cohesion policy and suggesting a general re-framing of sectoral policies on a regional basis. In this respect, the paper tackles the issue of regional disparities in achieving Europe 2020 Strategy targets. As the Strategy involves different targets, principal component analysis is applied to disentangle Europe 2020 domains and to describe major differences in EU-27 NUTS 2 regional performances. In particular, two components are returned: high-employment inclusive growth and smart growth. Territorial patterns of both components are analysed, by jointly considering some geographical features that may affect them. Both a rural and a spatial effect occur: rural and remote regions show poor performances whilst the presence of spatial autocorrelation may actually lock-in negative outcomes. When considering urban rural divides, also within-regions disparities matter. Results strengthen the idea that Europe 2020, as other sectoral policies, should be translated into a regional setting according to a place-based approach: although requiring large efforts, this represents the only way to fully achieve its own targets.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 601-619
Issue: 4
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1280002
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1280002
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:25:y:2017:i:4:p:601-619




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mika Kautonen
Author-X-Name-First: Mika
Author-X-Name-Last: Kautonen
Author-Name: Rhiannon Pugh
Author-X-Name-First: Rhiannon
Author-X-Name-Last: Pugh
Author-Name: Mika Raunio
Author-X-Name-First: Mika
Author-X-Name-Last: Raunio
Title: Transformation of regional innovation policies: from ‘traditional’ to ‘next generation’ models of incubation
Abstract: 
 This paper explores a widely employed instrument of regional innovation policy: the innovation incubator. It proposes that incubation approaches are moving away from a ‘traditional’ approach strongly premised on physical infrastructure and high-technology, to a more interactive, participatory and social mode of innovation, in line with broader developments in innovation policy and theory. To practically illustrate this shift, we take two cases: a ‘traditional’ style of incubation in Wales, UK, and a ‘next generation’ incubation programme in Finland. This paper reflects on incubators as a mode of regional innovation policy, both past developments and future trends, to ensure that new policies and programmes learn from best (and indeed, worst) practice and build on, rather than replicate, past approaches.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 620-637
Issue: 4
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1281228
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1281228
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:25:y:2017:i:4:p:620-637




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hy Dao
Author-X-Name-First: Hy
Author-X-Name-Last: Dao
Author-Name: Pauline Plagnat Cantoreggi
Author-X-Name-First: Pauline
Author-X-Name-Last: Plagnat Cantoreggi
Author-Name: Vanessa Rousseaux
Author-X-Name-First: Vanessa
Author-X-Name-Last: Rousseaux
Title: Operationalizing a contested concept: indicators of territorial cohesion
Abstract: 
 European territorial policies increasingly refer to broad goals such as sustainability, well-being and cohesion. For their operationalization as political goals, there is a need to create indicators. But how can an indicator be meaningful in relation to a complex concept that is not well defined? If the creation of an indicator is primarily aimed at quantifying a concept and making it more operational, in the case of a contested concept (such as territorial cohesion), the process of building indicators also helps stabilize it, allowing a potential decontestation. A participatory constructivist approach – as used by the ESPON project Indicators for Territorial Cohesion (INTERCO) – is considered to be the most suitable for building indicators of contested concepts. While ensuring computability of the indicators, it allows more flexibility and reconciles the different meanings of the concept in order to stabilize it. Ultimately, the validity of indicators of contested concepts lies in pragmatic criteria: usability, usefulness and use.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 638-660
Issue: 4
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1281230
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1281230
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:25:y:2017:i:4:p:638-660




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Seija Virkkala
Author-X-Name-First: Seija
Author-X-Name-Last: Virkkala
Author-Name: Antti Mäenpää
Author-X-Name-First: Antti
Author-X-Name-Last: Mäenpää
Author-Name: Åge Mariussen
Author-X-Name-First: Åge
Author-X-Name-Last: Mariussen
Title: A connectivity model as a potential tool for smart specialization strategies
Abstract: 
 The article contributes to the smart specialization literature by presenting a new approach, connectivity analysis, where Triple Helix (TH) relations (involving universities, companies and government) are at the centre of the entrepreneurial discovery process. Relations between helices may be seen, from the point of departure of proximity, as preconditions of connectivity, or interaction, measured through expectations and experiences. This offers potential solution to two limitations of proximity approach: its static nature and narrow focus on dyadic relationships. The connectivity analysis reveals the extent of mutual expectations, as well as tensions, or gaps. Based on this analysis, the article presents a policy model that is used to map structures of networks and gaps between TH actors. It may also identify strengths, weaknesses and problems. This analysis is used as input to structured dialogues between actors in leading positions in the TH and in smart specialization policy-making and implementation. This approach may lead to policy interventions supporting entrepreneurial discoveries. The model has been developed in partnership with researchers and the Regional Council of Ostrobothnia. The article also presents this case study and demonstrates the use of the connectivity model in practice.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 661-679
Issue: 4
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1283391
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1283391
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: María J. Angulo-Guerrero
Author-X-Name-First: María J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Angulo-Guerrero
Author-Name: Salvador Pérez-Moreno
Author-X-Name-First: Salvador
Author-X-Name-Last: Pérez-Moreno
Author-Name: Isabel M. Abad-Guerrero
Author-X-Name-First: Isabel M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Abad-Guerrero
Title: Disparities in entrepreneurial activity and attitude across EU countries
Abstract: 
 The levels and characteristics of entrepreneurship differ widely across EU countries and regions. Taking as reference data provided by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor on entrepreneurial activity and entrepreneurial attitude, this paper analyses the disparities in entrepreneurship indicators among EU member countries in 2007 and 2013, highlighting the most significant changes that occurred during the Great Recession. Some of the major indices of inequality are calculated (Gini, Theil and Atkinson) and the change in the Gini coefficient between these two years is additively decomposed into mobility and progressivity components. Overall, we find that cross-national inequalities tend to increase in the procyclical aspects of entrepreneurial activity and attitude, while they tend to decrease in the countercyclical aspects. For entrepreneurial activity indicators, we reveal that heterogeneity increases in indicators such as opportunity-driven entrepreneurial activity and total entrepreneurial activity, while necessity-driven entrepreneurial activity becomes more homogeneous across countries. Regarding entrepreneurial attitudes, disparities among countries decrease in all indicators, except in perceived opportunities, for which cross-national inequality grows considerably during the crisis period.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 680-702
Issue: 4
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1287163
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1287163
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nikos Kapitsinis
Author-X-Name-First: Nikos
Author-X-Name-Last: Kapitsinis
Title: Firm relocation in times of economic crisis: evidence from Greek small and medium enterprises’ movement to Bulgaria, 2007–2014
Abstract: 
 This paper examines firm relocation in the aftermath of the 2007 global economic crisis. In particular, the paper analyses the unprecedented recent increase in the movement of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) from Greece to Bulgaria using original insights by a survey of 103 Greek companies in Bulgaria. The findings suggest a reconsideration of the existing literature on firm mobility in order to explain the post-crisis movement of Greek SMEs. Entrepreneurs perceived firm relocation as a necessity, while, contrary to the existing literature, labour cost does not appear to have significantly influenced firm exit from Greece, the level of demand was highlighted as more important compared with the literature findings and access to external finance emerged as a major factor. Important among elements that attracted businesspeople to Bulgaria were low taxation and geographical proximity to Greece. The present analysis thus challenges the significance of firm relocation determinants in the literature.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 703-725
Issue: 4
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1288703
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1288703
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chandrima Mukhopadhyay
Author-X-Name-First: Chandrima
Author-X-Name-Last: Mukhopadhyay
Title: Green gentrification: urban sustainability and the struggle for environmental justice
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 726-727
Issue: 4
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1288677
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1288677
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lea Fuenfschilling
Author-X-Name-First: Lea
Author-X-Name-Last: Fuenfschilling
Author-Name: Niki Frantzeskaki
Author-X-Name-First: Niki
Author-X-Name-Last: Frantzeskaki
Author-Name: Lars Coenen
Author-X-Name-First: Lars
Author-X-Name-Last: Coenen
Title: Urban experimentation &amp; sustainability transitions
Abstract: 
 This special issue deals with various research questions regarding the impact of urban experimentation on transitions towards sustainability in different industries and sectors. Cities have been identified to play a vital role for sustainability transitions. Not only are they places with an increased urgency for change, but they also bring about many current sustainability initiatives and interventions. This special issue focuses on investigating the relationship between urban experimentation and institutional change. The articles shed light on various characteristics of urban environments that influence experimentation and potentially lead to institutional change and thus elaborate on some of the distinct mechanisms through which urban experimentation can lead to broader systemic changes.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 219-228
Issue: 2
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1532977
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1532977
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Timo von Wirth
Author-X-Name-First: Timo
Author-X-Name-Last: von Wirth
Author-Name: Lea Fuenfschilling
Author-X-Name-First: Lea
Author-X-Name-Last: Fuenfschilling
Author-Name: Niki Frantzeskaki
Author-X-Name-First: Niki
Author-X-Name-Last: Frantzeskaki
Author-Name: Lars Coenen
Author-X-Name-First: Lars
Author-X-Name-Last: Coenen
Title: Impacts of urban living labs on sustainability transitions: mechanisms and strategies for systemic change through experimentation
Abstract: 
 Urban Living Labs (ULL) are considered spaces to facilitate experimentation about sustainability solutions. ULL represent sites that allow different urban actors to design, test and learn from socio-technical innovations. However, despite their recent proliferation in the European policy sphere, the underlying processes through which ULL might be able to generate and diffuse new socio-technical configurations beyond their immediate boundaries have been largely disregarded and it remains to be examined how they contribute to urban sustainability transitions. With this study, we contribute to a better understanding of the diffusion mechanisms and strategies through which ULL (seek to) create a wider impact using the conceptual lens of transition studies. The mechanisms of diffusion are investigated in four distinct ULL in Rotterdam, the Netherlands and Malm&#xF6;, Sweden. The empirical results indicate six specific strategies that aim to support the diffusion of innovations and know-how developed within ULL to a broader context: transformative place-making, activating network partners, replication of lab structure, education and training, stimulating entrepreneurial growth and narratives of impact.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 229-257
Issue: 2
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1504895
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1504895
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rob Raven
Author-X-Name-First: Rob
Author-X-Name-Last: Raven
Author-Name: Frans Sengers
Author-X-Name-First: Frans
Author-X-Name-Last: Sengers
Author-Name: Philipp Spaeth
Author-X-Name-First: Philipp
Author-X-Name-Last: Spaeth
Author-Name: Linjun Xie
Author-X-Name-First: Linjun
Author-X-Name-Last: Xie
Author-Name: Ali Cheshmehzangi
Author-X-Name-First: Ali
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheshmehzangi
Author-Name: Martin de Jong
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: de Jong
Title: Urban experimentation and institutional arrangements
Abstract: 
 Currently little is known about how institutional arrangements co-evolve with urban experimentation. This paper mobilizes neo-institutional literature and recent urban experimentation literature as a framework to explore how and why institutional arrangements differ across urban contexts. Empirically the paper focusses on smart city initiatives in Amsterdam, Hamburg and Ningbo. These three cities are frontrunners in adopting a comprehensive smart city agenda, but they do so in different ways. The paper examines regulative, normative and cognitive elements of institutional arrangements, explores how they shape experimentation, and reflects on their place-based specificities. The comparative analysis suggests that the focus of, and approach to, experimentation can be understood as resting in a (possibly unique) combination of strategic agency and dynamics at multiple spatial scales.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 258-281
Issue: 2
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1393047
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1393047
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stine Hach Juul Madsen
Author-X-Name-First: Stine Hach Juul
Author-X-Name-Last: Madsen
Author-Name: Teis Hansen
Author-X-Name-First: Teis
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen
Title: Cities and climate change &#x2013; examining advantages and challenges of urban climate change experiments
Abstract: 
 This paper contributes to the literature on urban climate change experiments by analysing ascribed advantages and challenges of organizing climate change experiments at the urban scale, and by examining how local actions translate into effect. We here distinguish between effects of experiments in achieving actual sustainability gains (&#x2018;goal-oriented objectives&#x2019;) and instigating broader institutional change (&#x2018;process-oriented objectives&#x2019;). Empirically, we analyse efforts related to energy supply in two Danish urban climate change experiments: The &#x2018;CPH 2025 Climate Plan&#x2019; in Copenhagen, and &#x2018;ProjectZero&#x2019; in S&#xF8;nderborg. Our analysis poses considerable question marks over the importance of the advantages ascribed to urban climate change experiments including &#x2018;authority advantages&#x2019; and possibilities of &#x2018;engaging and mobilizing stakeholders&#x2019;.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 282-299
Issue: 2
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1421907
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1421907
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Udo Pesch
Author-X-Name-First: Udo
Author-X-Name-Last: Pesch
Author-Name: Wouter Spekkink
Author-X-Name-First: Wouter
Author-X-Name-Last: Spekkink
Author-Name: Jaco Quist
Author-X-Name-First: Jaco
Author-X-Name-Last: Quist
Title: Local sustainability initiatives: innovation and civic engagement in societal experiments
Abstract: 
 Local sustainability initiatives are studied from two scholarly perspectives: the perspective of sociotechnical innovation, which relates to the capacity of bottom-up initiatives to contribute to the development of sociotechnical alternatives; and the perspective of civic engagement which relates to the capacity of citizens to organize themselves in order to pursue community goals. This paper argues that taking both these perspectives into account overcomes the problem of being too instrumental or the problem of neglecting the role of technology and innovation in local initiatives. The perspective of sociotechnical innovation presents different types of innovation pursued by local initiatives: the creation of new technology, the application of existing technology and the development of social innovation. Furthermore, innovations might diffuse over wider society by: replication, scaling up, and translation. In turn, civic engagement may take the shape of: the strengthening of social capital, the formation of social movements, and the substitution of functions and services. The insights from literature are illustrated and qualified by applying them in the context of concrete local initiatives. Finally, local initiatives will be portrayed as social contexts that are successful in gathering actors with different motivations and world views and that may contribute to the democratization of innovation.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 300-317
Issue: 2
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1464549
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1464549
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Darcy Parks
Author-X-Name-First: Darcy
Author-X-Name-Last: Parks
Title: Energy efficiency left behind? Policy assemblages in Sweden&#x2019;s most climate-smart city
Abstract: 
 Smart city experiments have the potential to reshape urban climate change governance. Smart city initiatives have been supported by international technology companies and the European Union for many years and continue to be promoted by national and municipal governments. In relation to sustainability and climate change, such initiatives promise more efficient use of resources through the use of information and communications technology in energy infrastructure. Experiments with smart city technologies such as urban smart grids have shown the potential to restructure relationships between energy utilities, energy users and other actors by reconfiguring the dynamics of energy supply and demand. But do urban experiments lead to institutional change? The aim of the article is to provide a better understanding of how smart city experiments reshape the urban governance of building energy use. Hyllie, a new city district in Malm&#xF6;, Sweden, was home to two smart city experiments that contributed to the institutionalization of urban smart grid technology. However, the analysis of Hyllie&#x2019;s policy assemblages shows that this institutional change could redefine sustainability at the expense of energy efficiency.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 318-335
Issue: 2
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1455807
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1455807
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ralph Horne
Author-X-Name-First: Ralph
Author-X-Name-Last: Horne
Author-Name: Susie Moloney
Author-X-Name-First: Susie
Author-X-Name-Last: Moloney
Title: Urban low carbon transitions: institution-building and prospects for interventions in social practice
Abstract: 
 As we witness increasing numbers and range of low carbon experiments, attention inevitably turns to how they are sustained and whether they can generate more systemic change in carbon-related consumption. This paper responds to the &#x2018;spatial turn&#x2019; in socio-technical transitions, and the &#x2018;practice turn&#x2019; in social theory to consider the role of intermediary organizations in potential shifts from experiments to institutional arrangements favouring transitions.Through the example of Climate Change Alliances in Victoria, Australia, the paper examines how such intermediary organizations seek to experiment and in so doing contribute towards institution building. With a focus on the interstitial spaces between local authorities, regional firms, agencies, and state governments we speculate on the prospects for systemic change given the resources, positioning and social strategies of the Alliances as intermediary institution builders.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 336-354
Issue: 2
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1472745
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1472745
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrick R&#xE9;rat
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick
Author-X-Name-Last: R&#xE9;rat
Title: The return of cities: the trajectory of Swiss cities from demographic loss to reurbanization
Abstract: 
 Reurbanization refers to the new demographic growth of cities that previously lost population. How can we explain such a trend reversal? This paper discusses theoretically both phases of urban decline and reurbanization. It examines the trajectory of Swiss cities that have moved from a period of decline (1970&#x2013;2000) to a new growth (since 2000). It analyses the components behind the population evolution, discusses the socio-cultural, economic and political trends triggering or enabling reurbanization, and identifies three main results. First, reurbanization is due to several population groups: the growing international mobility of the labour force, the increasing number of non-family households (in the context of the second demographic transition) and the growing attractiveness of cities for young adults (extension of youth as a life stage). Second, reurbanization is not only housing-led (construction of dwellings due to planning strategies and real estate activities). It is also population-led: A generation replacement induces a rejuvanation of the age structure and an increase in the density of occupancy of dwellings. Third, reurbanization can be broadly interpreted as a return of cities in terms of residential aspirations, political agenda and real estate activities. As a conclusion, I outline a research agenda on reurbanization.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 355-376
Issue: 2
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1546832
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1546832
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joaquim Rius-Ulldemolins
Author-X-Name-First: Joaquim
Author-X-Name-Last: Rius-Ulldemolins
Author-Name: Ver&#xF2;nica Gisbert
Author-X-Name-First: Ver&#xF2;nica
Author-X-Name-Last: Gisbert
Title: The costs of putting Valencia on the map: the hidden side of regional entrepreneurialism, &#x2018;creative city&#x2019; and strategic projects
Abstract: 
 Strategic projects based on culture and sports have been one of the vectors of regional development since the 1990s. Accordingly, local and regional governments have drawn up entrepreneurial strategies to project their image internationally and foster investment and tourism. These developments have been described in Spain as &#x2018;The Calatrava Model&#x2019; for putting a city/region on the map and for boosting tourism. However, from the study of the case of Valencia and four strategic projects (The Fifth World Meeting of Families, The America's Cup, Formula 1 and The City of Arts and Sciences), we will show how there is a hidden side to this paradigm, which boils down to an unsustainable, top-down system whose sole purpose is to gain and maintain political hegemony. We will also assess the medium and long term impacts of these projects in terms of: opportunity costs, snowballing debt, corruption, and an utter breakdown of democratic controls as a result of Valencia&#x2019;s poor regional governance.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 377-395
Issue: 2
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1547367
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1547367
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juan Gabriel Tirado Ballesteros
Author-X-Name-First: Juan Gabriel
Author-X-Name-Last: Tirado Ballesteros
Author-Name: Mar&#xED;a Hern&#xE1;ndez Hern&#xE1;ndez
Author-X-Name-First: Mar&#xED;a Hern&#xE1;ndez
Author-X-Name-Last: Hern&#xE1;ndez
Title: Promoting tourism through the EU LEADER programme: understanding Local Action Group governance
Abstract: 
 For many European rural areas, the rural development programmes based on the LEADER approach constitute the main policy for promoting tourism. Going a step further than a rural development programme, LEADER represents an ideal method for overcoming some of the challenges involved in rural tourism development, such as the integration of tourism supply through public-private organizations or the coordination of multi-level policies. Despite its potential, there are difficulties involved in putting this approach into practice. This article aims to provide in-depth understanding of the challenges faced by some managers responsible for developing tourism strategies through the LEADER approach. To do this, semi-structured in-depth interviews have been held with Local Action Groups managers from Castilla-La Mancha (Spain). The main findings reveal that the actions of regional governments lead to the limitation and strangulation of the principle of subsidiarity according with the LAG manager&#x15B; opinion.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 396-414
Issue: 2
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1547368
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1547368
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christina Lidegaard
Author-X-Name-First: Christina
Author-X-Name-Last: Lidegaard
Author-Name: Massimiliano Nuccio
Author-X-Name-First: Massimiliano
Author-X-Name-Last: Nuccio
Author-Name: Trine Bille
Author-X-Name-First: Trine
Author-X-Name-Last: Bille
Title: Fostering and planning urban regeneration: the governance of cultural districts in Copenhagen
Abstract: 
 Policy-makers and urban planners struggle to find the right formula to implement urban regeneration processes based on cultural assets, often focusing on the desired outcomes, but rarely questioning how the policy process can shape them. This paper examines different governance models for the implementation and organization of cultural districts, and evaluates how they can affect their actual realization by investigating three cases in Copenhagen, Denmark. The deindustrialization of Copenhagen left many of the city’s harbour areas disused and in turn provided the opportunity to develop three new cultural districts in the city centre. The paper contributes to the literature on cultural districts by matching specificities and contingencies attached to a particular urban area with the governance model adopted for its development. The paper claims that temporal experimentation has to be included in cultural planning and a mix of bottom-up and top-down approaches is more desirable than both a totally unregulated initiative and a real estate-driven development and a totally unregulated initiative, as it ensures that initiatives remain financially viable and that the creative workers and companies retain a certain control of the area development, and in turn counteracts gentrification.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1-19
Issue: 1
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1364352
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1364352
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julio Berbel
Author-X-Name-First: Julio
Author-X-Name-Last: Berbel
Author-Name: Alfonso Expósito
Author-X-Name-First: Alfonso
Author-X-Name-Last: Expósito
Title: Economic challenges for the EU Water Framework Directive reform and implementation
Abstract: 
 The European Water Framework Directive (WFD) is a unique and historic piece of environmental legislation, combining ecological and economic dimensions. The aim of the WFD is to ensure sustainable socio-economic management of the resource, protecting the quantity and quality of water. The complexity of this political, ecological and economic framework has led to misinterpretation and implementation problems among Member States, and thus to unsatisfactory outcomes. This paper analyses the economic science challenges for the upcoming WFD reform and its subsequent implementation, and gives some recommendations about how to handle these challenges. Consensus is required on the definitions of the existing economic concepts and tools currently included in European Union (EU) water policy (through the original WFD) and the methods for operationalizing them. Additionally, this will help fill key gaps, such as the lack of suitably skilled practitioners and the need for homogeneous economic knowledge among Member States. Furthermore, it seems necessary to integrate additional emerging concepts into the water policy debate and its praxis in the EU context.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 20-34
Issue: 1
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1364353
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1364353
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Therese Bjärstig
Author-X-Name-First: Therese
Author-X-Name-Last: Bjärstig
Author-Name: Camilla Thellbro
Author-X-Name-First: Camilla
Author-X-Name-Last: Thellbro
Author-Name: Olof Stjernström
Author-X-Name-First: Olof
Author-X-Name-Last: Stjernström
Author-Name: Johan Svensson
Author-X-Name-First: Johan
Author-X-Name-Last: Svensson
Author-Name: Camilla Sandström
Author-X-Name-First: Camilla
Author-X-Name-Last: Sandström
Author-Name: Per Sandström
Author-X-Name-First: Per
Author-X-Name-Last: Sandström
Author-Name: Anna Zachrisson
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Zachrisson
Title: Between protocol and reality – Swedish municipal comprehensive planning
Abstract: 
 Spatial planning using a landscape approach has been recognized as being essential for reconciling ecological, cultural and socio-economic dimensions in sustainable development (SuD). Although embraced as a concept, there is a lack of planning tools capable of incorporating multi-level, multifunctional and multi-sectoral perspectives, especially in a rural context. The departure point in this paper is the legal requirements for municipal comprehensive planning (MCP) in Sweden and an e-mail survey about incentives, stakeholder involvement, policy integration and implementation in MCP in all 15 Swedish mountain municipalities. The purpose of this explorative study is to examine whether MCP could be a tool in planning for SuD. Results indicate a general lack of resources and a low status of MCP that affect, and even limit, stakeholder involvement, policy integration and implementation. However, legal requirements for MCP are targeted at SuD, and municipal personnel responsible for planning appreciate the potential of MCP. Therefore, there is potential to develop the MCP into an effective landscape planning tool. To accomplish this, the status of an active planning process has to be raised, the mandate of the local planning agency has to be secured, and residents and land users have to be involved throughout the planning process.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 35-54
Issue: 1
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1365819
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1365819
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Emanuele Giordano
Author-X-Name-First: Emanuele
Author-X-Name-Last: Giordano
Title: Outdoor lighting design as a tool for tourist development: the case of Valladolid
Abstract: 
 Practices of outdoor illumination have dramatically changed in the last decades as functional lighting has progressively given way to a more qualitative vision of light. Its traditional role for security purposes has been progressively matched by the use of illumination for city beautification. This is now a major consideration for new lighting strategies. As a result, a growing number of European cities explicitly include the development of nocturnal tourism among the objectives of their lighting policies. However, little attention has been paid by academic research to this growing trend. Focusing on the internationally renowned lighting project ‘Ruta de los Rios de Luz’, this research paper explores the use of lighting design for tourism purposes. Through interviews with individuals who played an important role in the project, the discussion below scrutinizes the lighting design decisions and the economic, environmental and political objectives that inspire the growing utilization of spectacular forms of illumination for tourism purposes.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 55-74
Issue: 1
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1368457
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1368457
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luís Carvalho
Author-X-Name-First: Luís
Author-X-Name-Last: Carvalho
Author-Name: Willem van Winden
Author-X-Name-First: Willem
Author-X-Name-Last: van Winden
Title: Making waves: the valuation of innovations in San Sebastian’s surf economy
Abstract: 
 This study takes a valuation perspective to study how and where products and innovations are gaining ‘economic significance’ in the contemporary economy. Building on a recent research stream in economic geography and urban and regional studies, it highlights that the economic value of many products is not formed within production systems alone, but relies on co-constructed connections between production and consumption systems, playing out across multiple geographies. It distinguishes between three types of economic valuation pathways – namely technical, experiential and identity-based – which although analytically distinct may actually build and reinforce one another. This approach is empirically illustrated with the case of the surf-related economy in the city of San Sebastian (Basque Country, Spain), which is used to make a broader point about the growing relevance of a valuation approach to understand competitive advantage and economic renewal in localized production systems.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 75-93
Issue: 1
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1372369
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1372369
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Célia Sousa Martins
Author-X-Name-First: Célia Sousa
Author-X-Name-Last: Martins
Author-Name: Cristina Soares Cavaco
Author-X-Name-First: Cristina Soares
Author-X-Name-Last: Cavaco
Title: Portuguese West Coast tourism resorts: an unfinished landscape of territorial liabilities
Abstract: 
 The research focuses on Portuguese West Coast tourism resorts and addresses the problem of unfinished estates as territorial liabilities left by the Global Financial Crisis on residential tourism and tourism-driven urbanization. After a significant expansion during the golden age, resorts have suffered drastic consequences under the crisis, financial imbalance and stagnation of the real estate market. This situation brings additional problems to land management and adequate responses have not been provided yet. Focusing on the municipality of Óbidos, this paper aims to describe the territorial changes induced by the development of resorts, criss-crossing a morphological analysis with the understanding of the context of the Global Financial Crisis and the assessment of the regulatory framework.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 94-114
Issue: 1
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1384450
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1384450
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vera Vicenzotti
Author-X-Name-First: Vera
Author-X-Name-Last: Vicenzotti
Author-Name: Mattias Qviström
Author-X-Name-First: Mattias
Author-X-Name-Last: Qviström
Title: 
 as a travelling concept: towards a critical discussion of mobile ideas in transnational planning discourses on urban sprawl
Abstract: 
 This article contributes to the advancement of the critical analysis of transnational flows of planning ideas with a particular focus on debates around urban sprawl. It emphasizes that travelling concepts tend to lose their critical content en route, and explores how they could be revived. Our argument starts by identifying the drawbacks of comparative studies in planning, and suggests an exploration of Edward Said’s notion of travelling theories to avoid these dangers. Chronicling the import of the German concept of Zwischenstadt – which literally translated means ‘(in)between city’ – into the Swedish planning research discourse on urban sprawl, we examine how travelling concepts tend to become institutionalized during their journey. We then explore ways to revive the critical content of Zwischenstadt by first considering translations of the context of travelling concepts and then deliberations on their literal translation, which emphasizes the fruitfulness of a landscape perspective as a critical lens on urbanization processes.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 115-132
Issue: 1
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1375082
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1375082
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Veronika Liebelt
Author-X-Name-First: Veronika
Author-X-Name-Last: Liebelt
Author-Name: Stephan Bartke
Author-X-Name-First: Stephan
Author-X-Name-Last: Bartke
Author-Name: Nina Schwarz
Author-X-Name-First: Nina
Author-X-Name-Last: Schwarz
Title: Hedonic pricing analysis of the influence of urban green spaces onto residential prices: the case of Leipzig, Germany
Abstract: 
 In the light of global urbanization and biodiversity loss, ecosystem services provided by urban green spaces (UGS) are becoming increasingly important, not least as a recovery and recreation opportunity for citizens. The valuation of UGS is significant for urban planners, who make decisions on the creation or removal of UGS. We analysed the influence of UGS on residential property prices in Leipzig, Germany, by applying a hedonic pricing analysis. This analysis complements the existing literature by considering both sale and rental prices for flats and houses; moreover, the shape of UGS is taken into account explicitly; finally, it is the first study in Germany to analyse UGS in hedonic studies to such an extent. The results demonstrate that the size of the nearest UGS has a stronger impact on prices compared to the distance from it. With respect to shape, we found that the simpler the UGS shape, the higher the prices. Although we find an impact of UGS on prices, the impact is smaller than that of other characteristics. The proposed valuation approach and obtained results inform urban planners regarding the design of new UGS and raise awareness about potential intended and unintended economic and social effects.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 133-157
Issue: 1
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1376314
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1376314
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mihai-Razvan Niță
Author-X-Name-First: Mihai-Razvan
Author-X-Name-Last: Niță
Author-Name: Ana-Maria Anghel
Author-X-Name-First: Ana-Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Anghel
Author-Name: Cristina Bănescu
Author-X-Name-First: Cristina
Author-X-Name-Last: Bănescu
Author-Name: Ana-Maria Munteanu
Author-X-Name-First: Ana-Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Munteanu
Author-Name: Sabina-Stella Pesamosca
Author-X-Name-First: Sabina-Stella
Author-X-Name-Last: Pesamosca
Author-Name: Mihuț Zețu
Author-X-Name-First: Mihuț
Author-X-Name-Last: Zețu
Author-Name: Ana-Maria Popa
Author-X-Name-First: Ana-Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Popa
Title: Are Romanian urban strategies planning for green?
Abstract: 
 Faced with growing economic, social and environmental challenges, urban settlements increasingly use green areas in the search for achieving sustainability and resilience. The first step is typically the development of policies and strategies that include a significant green component. This present study analyses the development policies and strategies of 213 Romanian cities and how they approach urban green areas as well as applied means of development and management. We constructed a database with information extracted from these documents, applied descriptive statistical analysis and mapped the resulting distribution of indicators. Results indicated the preference of local urban administrations for simple objectives such as increasing or maintaining surfaces of green areas but lacking activities for achieving identified targets in improving the multifunctional benefits of green areas. We concluded that there are no differences in approaches using geographical settings or urban ranks. We determined that further research is required to connect policies and strategies with their subsequent implementation at a local level and the ensuing perceived effects. Results are critical in analysing the performance of local authorities in weak planning systems common in south-east European countries.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 158-173
Issue: 1
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1382446
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1382446
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dominik Santner
Author-X-Name-First: Dominik
Author-X-Name-Last: Santner
Title: Cluster-internal and external drivers of cluster renewal: evidence from two German agricultural engineering case studies
Abstract: 
 The question on how regional clusters renew themselves and start a new cycle of prosperity is of vital interest for affected companies, politicians and regions. Recently, the idea of renewing clusters has been conceptualized within the cluster life cycle (CLC) literature. CLC approaches generally assume that cluster renewal is widely driven cluster-internally through agent capability building processes and the systemic utilization of novelty. Critique from other authors highlights the neglected role of the external environment in the CLC literature. This article sheds light on renewal processes in two German agricultural engineering clusters. It is shown that in the case of a farm trailer cluster renewal can be widely explained cluster-internally, while in the case of a stable technology cluster that diversified into the field of biogas technology, internal factors played a less significant role and much of the development was driven externally by political decisions on the national level. Possible explanations for diverging roles of cluster-internal and external factors lie in the differences in the stage of the novel technologies’ development and the complexity of the novel technology.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 174-191
Issue: 1
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1385730
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1385730
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lorenzo Ciapetti
Author-X-Name-First: Lorenzo
Author-X-Name-Last: Ciapetti
Author-Name: Paolo Perulli
Author-X-Name-First: Paolo
Author-X-Name-Last: Perulli
Title: New tech spaces for old tech places? Exploring the network of research and technology organizations across North Italian Regions
Abstract: 
 This paper explores the industrial affiliation and linkages of research and technology organizations (RTOs) in nine North Italian regions highly specialized in advanced manufacturing and introduces a methodology to assess the potential for a cross-regional technology platform. RTOs are supposed to operate in the development and application phases of innovation and are expected to provide access to key enabling technologies and R&amp;D infrastructures. An original survey panel of 55 Italian RTOs is used and Social network analysis is introduced to assess the potential of RTOs to operate as a single cross-regional platform across key industrial and technology domains. Centrality measures are used to build an empirical model on the factors that drive the higher centrality of RTOs. Centrality is increased by convergence on few key technology priorities and is positively correlated with collaborative ventures, the number of contracts with firms and the presence of distinctive R&amp;D infrastructures. Such a platform rests on specialized regional hubs, it operates with no gatekeepers and it only partially exploits geographical and technological proximity within the network. Future research avenues are discussed to improve the function of technology diffusion of RTOs in a cross-regional perspective.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 192-211
Issue: 1
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1386626
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1386626
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Kaika
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaika
Title: Between compassion and racism: how the biopolitics of neoliberal welfare turns citizens into affective ‘idiots’
Abstract: 
 A sharp increase in racism and xenophobia, alongside an increase in philanthropy and charity, mark Europe’s Janus-faced reaction to the social consequences of the economic crisis. This paper goes beyond the racism/xenophobia vs. charity/philanthropy dualism, arguing that these seemingly antithetical responses have more in common than we may think.
(1) Both are equally divisive and ‘othering’ practices. Whilst racism transforms human beings into de-humanized entities in order to be able to hate them, charity transforms human beings into dependent objects in order to be able to offer aid.
(2) Both are strongly affective yet deeply apolitical reactions of people who lose their political agency as they become imbued with fear and insecurity; of citizens who turned into indebted apolitical objects, when social solidarity and welfare provision turned from a collective responsibility into a private affair.
When housing, healthcare, etc. became accessible mainly through private loans and mortgage markets, private welfare debt became the biopolitical tool that enrolled the workforce into volatile financial speculative practices and turned citizens into fear-imbued ‘idiots’, i.e. private individuals who can only care for their private matters. Understanding the biopolitics of privatized welfare and increased household debt as the process that drives this transformation of citizens into ‘idiots’ allows us to move beyond the false dilemma of charity vs. racism, in search of a politics of solidarity.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1275-1291
Issue: 8
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1320521
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1320521
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Frederic Gaschet
Author-X-Name-First: Frederic
Author-X-Name-Last: Gaschet
Author-Name: Mathieu Becue
Author-X-Name-First: Mathieu
Author-X-Name-Last: Becue
Author-Name: Vanessa Bouaroudj
Author-X-Name-First: Vanessa
Author-X-Name-Last: Bouaroudj
Author-Name: Marina Flamand
Author-X-Name-First: Marina
Author-X-Name-Last: Flamand
Author-Name: André Meunie
Author-X-Name-First: André
Author-X-Name-Last: Meunie
Author-Name: Guillaume Pouyanne
Author-X-Name-First: Guillaume
Author-X-Name-Last: Pouyanne
Author-Name: Damien Talbot
Author-X-Name-First: Damien
Author-X-Name-Last: Talbot
Title: Related variety and the dynamics of European photonic clusters
Abstract: 
 This article aims at assessing the role of related variety, that is, the relatedness of knowledge bases used by different sectors within a region, as a major driver of clusters’ development. Some recent theoretical papers underline the role of clusters as ‘knowledge platforms’ organizing the recombination of technologies in overlapping industries, following the seminal definition of clusters by Porter as ‘geographic concentrations of linked industries’. In order to investigate the role of related variety in cluster dynamics, we analyse the patterns of development of clusters specializing in photonics in Europe. Photonics constitutes a new and rapidly evolving set of technologies with a high expected degree of technological recombination. However, due to inadequate traditional sectoral classifications, we propose an original method to delineate the perimeter of photonics in patent databases. A two-step algorithm is then used to identify systematically photonic clusters in Western Europe at the local level. In the last part of the paper, a typology of technological trajectories of clusters over the last decades is developed and then correlated with a set of quantitative measures of technological relatedness. The results highly confirm the role of related variety as a major driver of success, particularly for the biggest European clusters.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1292-1315
Issue: 8
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1306027
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1306027
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alexandre Dubois
Author-X-Name-First: Alexandre
Author-X-Name-Last: Dubois
Author-Name: Iryna Kristensen
Author-X-Name-First: Iryna
Author-X-Name-Last: Kristensen
Author-Name: Jukka Teräs
Author-X-Name-First: Jukka
Author-X-Name-Last: Teräs
Title: Outsmarting geography: implementing territorial innovation strategies in sparsely populated regions
Abstract: 
 The smart specialization literature has hardly addressed the role of geography in promoting novel approaches to local and regional innovation processes beyond classic clustering approaches. Based on empirical observations from five sparsely populated regions, the present article proposes original insights that contribute to the theoretical debate on the place-based nature and spatial dimension of entrepreneurial discovery, the key functional mechanism behind smart specialization. First, it advocates the added-value of integrating strategic spatial planning approaches at different stages of smart specialization implementation, from design to operationalization. Second, it suggests that more effective ways of creating domains through shared knowledge bases of existing sectors should aim at promoting collaboration between second-tier economic agents. Finally, the specificity of the territorial preconditions found in sparsely populated regions brings to the fore new forms of proximity relations based on institutional, cognitive and organizational proximity rather than on geographical clustering.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1316-1333
Issue: 8
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1320355
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1320355
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marlen Komorowski
Author-X-Name-First: Marlen
Author-X-Name-Last: Komorowski
Title: A novel typology of media clusters
Abstract: 
 Is the clustering of audio-visual companies in London’s Soho really the same as the clustering of Berlin’s new media industry? The media cluster approach has gained a lot of attention not only in academia, but also in political discourse. But, as appealing as the media cluster concept is, one of the most fundamental issues is the comparability of the phenomenon. This article tackles this issue and an analysis of 43 case studies has been conducted. The case studies have been grouped to find a new typology for media clusters. The research revealed six different types: The Creative Region, the Giant Anchor, the Specialized Area, the Attracting Enabler, the Real Estate and the Pooling Initiative. The typologies showed that they distinguish especially in their geographical scale and specialization in media activities, while at the same time cluster types can be found in the same area. They are driven by four rationales: agglomeration, urbanization, localization economies and artificial formation.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1334-1356
Issue: 8
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1303823
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1303823
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:25:y:2017:i:8:p:1334-1356




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Niklas Lundström
Author-X-Name-First: Niklas
Author-X-Name-Last: Lundström
Author-Name: Antti Mäenpää
Author-X-Name-First: Antti
Author-X-Name-Last: Mäenpää
Title: Wicked game of smart specialization: a player’s handbook
Abstract: 
 The objective of this article is to explore the theoretical foundations of a wicked game. The theoretical part is based on the notion of wicked problems, which is developed further. It is also illustrated that the latest innovation strategy of the European Union, called smart specialization, resembles a wicked game. Comparison between the two revealed several similarities gives new insights into the theory of wicked problems and into the process of smart specialization.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1357-1374
Issue: 8
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1307328
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1307328
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:25:y:2017:i:8:p:1357-1374




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pedro Marques
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro
Author-X-Name-Last: Marques
Title: From toys to automobiles: foreign investment, firm heterogeneity and intermediaries in a Portuguese industry
Abstract: 
 In the literature on territorial innovation systems there is a constant tension between the effect of endogenous and exogenous factors and their relative importance. In order to address this tension several approaches have sought to conceptualize the relational and multi-scalar dimension of innovation and to explain how external knowledge and economic flows in conjunction with regional contexts combine to produce regional growth, stagnation or decline. This paper will contribute to this debate, while also highlighting that even at the local level there is substantial heterogeneity between firms. It will also shed light on the role of intermediary organizations that can help address information and power asymmetries between multinational corporations and less competitive local firms. Empirically it will draw on the case study of the Portuguese moulds industry, which has successfully adapted to shifts in the global economy by drawing on local resources while also remaining integrated into global value chains.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1375-1393
Issue: 8
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1303822
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1303822
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elias Giannakis
Author-X-Name-First: Elias
Author-X-Name-Last: Giannakis
Author-Name: Adriana Bruggeman
Author-X-Name-First: Adriana
Author-X-Name-Last: Bruggeman
Title: Determinants of regional resilience to economic crisis: a European perspective
Abstract: 
 The impact of the economic crisis has been highly asymmetric across the European regions. The objective of this paper is to investigate the determinants of resilience to economic crisis across European regions. Regional economic resilience was assessed based on employment changes during 2008–2013, while socioeconomic determinants were analysed pre-crisis (2002–2007). A highly heterogeneous pattern of resilience was observed within countries, while significant differences were also revealed between the continental northern-central regions and the southern periphery. A multilevel logistic regression model indicated the magnitude of country-effects on the performance of regional employment during crisis periods. Both EU-referenced and country-referenced regional resilience identified the positive effect of accessibility and the negative effect of a large manufacturing sector in the ability of regions to withstand recessionary shocks. Education and economic development level positively affected the resilience of both large and small regional European economies. Investing in education enhances the spatial homogeneity across Europe in terms of its ability to react to economic shocks. The results reveal the importance of narrowing disparities among regions and formulating targeted and differentiated regional development policies at country level, taking into consideration the size of the economy of the regions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1394-1415
Issue: 8
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1319464
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1319464
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:25:y:2017:i:8:p:1394-1415




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Imre Lengyel
Author-X-Name-First: Imre
Author-X-Name-Last: Lengyel
Author-Name: Zsofia Vas
Author-X-Name-First: Zsofia
Author-X-Name-Last: Vas
Author-Name: Izabella Szakalne Kano
Author-X-Name-First: Izabella
Author-X-Name-Last: Szakalne Kano
Author-Name: Balazs Lengyel
Author-X-Name-First: Balazs
Author-X-Name-Last: Lengyel
Title: Spatial differences of reindustrialization in a post-socialist economy: manufacturing in the Hungarian counties
Abstract: 
 Over the past two and a half decades, the post-socialist countries of Central and Eastern Europe, including Hungary, have become an integral part of the global economy. Following the change of regime, the rate of foreign direct investment increased, modern industries emerged and exports became significant. However, this process was halted by the global economic crisis in many advanced and transition economies, and the concept of ‘reindustrialization’ emerged as one of the economic policy responses to the new challenges generated by the crisis. In our paper, we study whether reindustrialization is present following the lowest point of the crisis in one of the post-socialist countries of the EU, in Hungary. If so, in which regions and industries, and under what conditions? Our research indicates that reindustrialization can be generally observed only in a few rural regions after 2009, limited to only one or two industries, while, for instance, in the capital and in its agglomerations and in urban regions with large research universities, deindustrialization is more likely to take place.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1416-1434
Issue: 8
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1319467
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1319467
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christina Kakderi
Author-X-Name-First: Christina
Author-X-Name-Last: Kakderi
Author-Name: Anastasia Tasopoulou
Author-X-Name-First: Anastasia
Author-X-Name-Last: Tasopoulou
Title: Regional economic resilience: the role of national and regional policies
Abstract: 
 In recent years, economic resilience has become a popular term in both theory and policy practice. This interest was triggered by the fact that some regional economies were extremely vulnerable, while others have managed to overcome, more or less effectively, the worse consequences of the current economic crisis. Within this context, questions arise regarding the role that policies at both the national and subnational levels can play in shaping regional economic resilience. Although high in the academic and political agenda, understanding the policy and governance aspects of resilience still remains a relatively underdeveloped area. The paper contributes to this debate focusing on an area which has been most severely hit by crises, the Region of West Macedonia, in Greece. The case study builds on the historical trajectory of the region in order to explain how different types of policies have influenced the ability of West Macedonia to respond to economic slumps and crises of the last 30 years. Evidence suggests that national protectionist policies largely explain not only resilience of the region against previous crises, but also its vulnerability towards the still ongoing economic crisis.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1435-1453
Issue: 8
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1322041
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1322041
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marie-Caroline Vandermeer
Author-X-Name-First: Marie-Caroline
Author-X-Name-Last: Vandermeer
Author-Name: Jean-Marie Halleux
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Marie
Author-X-Name-Last: Halleux
Title: Evaluation of the spatial and economic effectiveness of industrial land policies in northwest Europe
Abstract: 
 This article stems from the discrepancy between the lack of attention paid to industrial land policy by academics and the predominant thought among elected representatives and development agencies, i.e. that industrial land policy plays a key role in the creation of growth and new jobs. The article begins with a reflection on the literature, which stresses the need to develop knowledge on industrial land policies. To help fill this research gap, we have developed an exploratory piece of research on the theme of their ‘spatial’ and ‘economic effectiveness’, on the basis of statistical analyses dedicated to seven countries. As regards ‘spatial effectiveness’, the results underline significant national differentials in terms of land consumption on the one hand, while highlighting the economic sprawl that affects France and Belgium on the other hand. As regards ‘economic effectiveness’, our results show that the impact of the development of economic estates on growth depends largely on regional contexts. In particular, the ‘intermediate regions’ in western Germany stand out as belonging to a specific context where land policies seem particularly effective from an economic standpoint. By contrast, the ‘economic effectiveness’ of industrial land policies requires readjustments in the Netherlands as well as in most ‘predominantly rural regions, close to a city’.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1454-1475
Issue: 8
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1322042
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1322042
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Corrigendum
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1476-1476
Issue: 8
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1314076
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1314076
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Best Article Prize, 1999
Journal: 
Pages: 5-5
Issue: 1
Volume: 9
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/713666441
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/713666441
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paula Clancy
Author-X-Name-First: Paula
Author-X-Name-Last: Clancy
Author-Name: Eoin O'Malley
Author-X-Name-First: Eoin
Author-X-Name-Last: O'Malley
Author-Name: Larry O'Connell
Author-X-Name-First: Larry
Author-X-Name-Last: O'Connell
Author-Name: Chris Van Egeraat
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Egeraat
Title: Industry Clusters in Ireland: An Application of Porter's Model of National Competitive Advantage to Three Sectors
Abstract: This paper examines the importance of industrial clusters, and the relevance of Porter's diamond model, in the context of the small open economy of Ireland. It analyses the experience of three relatively successful Irish indigenous sectors and it considers to what extent have clusters of related or connected industries been important in accounting for the degree of success attained in Ireland. We do not find evidence of well-developed clusters of the type described by Porter, and our study provides support for some previous critiques of Porter's model. It is concluded that Irish industrial policy does not need to be focused strongly on developing the type of industry clusters described in Porter's model. At the same time, different elements of Porter's model do prove to be relevant and we find that companies in Ireland benefit from being part of some form of wider grouping of connected or related companies and industries, although these groupings can differ from Porter's clusters in significant respects.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 7-28
Issue: 1
Volume: 9
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310124159
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310124159
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dieter Rehfeld
Author-X-Name-First: Dieter
Author-X-Name-Last: Rehfeld
Title: Global Strategies Compared: Firms, Markets and Regions
Abstract: This paper explores the disembedding effects of globalization upon regional social ties as proposed in the relevant literature. It then asks questions about the limitations of such disembedding in relation to the prospects for new social movements. The analysis proposed offers an understanding of globalization as a societal, historical process. It shows that firms adopt diverse and distinctive strategies for going global which structure the overall process in question. These developments have organizational and spatial-regional effects which create tensions in the globlization process.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 29-46
Issue: 1
Volume: 9
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310125352
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310125352
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ruth Rohr-Zänker
Author-X-Name-First: Ruth
Author-X-Name-Last: Rohr-Zänker
Title: How to Attract Managers and Professionals to Peripheral Regions? Recruitment Strategies in the Weser-Ems Region, Germany
Abstract: An adequate supply of highly qualified workers is a central prerequisite for the ability of peripheral and economically lagging regions to develop. In order to take advantage of endogenous potential, bottlenecks in human knowledge and know-how must be overcome by means of support from outside. An important element in this is migration. Taking as an example the Weser-Ems region in northwestern Germany, the strategies used by local enterprises to motivate managerial staff to move from other regions are shown and the level of success achieved is described. As is shown, the regional labour market has lost significance for the upper segment in the course of structural changes in the economy, which has led to an increase in the necessity for cross-regional searches in order to fill managerial posts. As enterprises in peripheral locations have poor starting conditions in the cross-regional competition for highly qualified workers, this development demands that more and more enterprises mobilize considerable resources for the recruitment of staff. Although the findings indicate that the potential of workers willing to migrate is greater and more diverse than is often assumed, they also show that certain types of enterprises have great difficulty in overcoming independently the personnel-related disadvantages resulting from the location, and require support through regional structural policy.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 47-68
Issue: 1
Volume: 9
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310124625
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310124625
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rainer Danielzyk
Author-X-Name-First: Rainer
Author-X-Name-Last: Danielzyk
Author-Name: Gerald Wood
Author-X-Name-First: Gerald
Author-X-Name-Last: Wood
Title: On the Relationship Between Cultural and Economic Aspects of Regional Development: Some Evidence from Germany and Britain
Abstract: This paper takes up the discussion on the relationship between culture and economic development and places it in the context of one British and several German case studies whose main interest it was to demonstrate the importance of cultural aspects (in the widest sense) for understanding regional development in general and the development of the study areas in particular. Despite the growing interest in the issue during the recent past in various academic disciplines there is as yet no consistent theoretical approach to it. This paper does not venture to fill that gap, but it addresses some of the open questions by looking into the case studies. The lessons learned are mainly two-fold. Firstly, the findings emphasize the general importance of the socio-cultural dimension for understanding regional development. Secondly, not least because of the empirical slant of the studies a closer link between the different theoretical approaches would seem very desirable.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 69-83
Issue: 1
Volume: 9
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310123666
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310123666
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lois Labrianidis
Author-X-Name-First: Lois
Author-X-Name-Last: Labrianidis
Title: 'Internal Frontiers' as a Hindrance to Development
Abstract: This paper analyses the socio-economic implications of the imposition of 'zone under surveillance' status upon an area along the northern borders of Greece, throughout most of the twentieth century. This zone was enclosed to the north by a border separating Greece from other countries and to the south by a frontier separating the Greeks in the zone from the rest of their country. This state of affairs has created many problems within the surveillance zone (such as a feeling among the population that their area is under threat, less developed than and only partially assimilated to the rest of Greece). The paper focuses on the function of the surveillance zone as an 'internal frontier', and not on its earlier function as a defence mechanism, and on one particular part of the zone, in the prefecture of Xanthi, which is inhabited by Pomaks.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 85-103
Issue: 1
Volume: 9
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310124542
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310124542
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefan Krätke
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan
Author-X-Name-Last: Krätke
Title: Strengthening the Polycentric Urban System in Europe: Conclusions from the ESDP
Abstract: The first European Spatial Development Perspective (ESDP) document agreed in May 1999 calls for closer cooperation at the EU level in response to the challenges posed by globalization and the increasingly transnational impact of spatial development in Europe. The ESDP maps out a common approach to spatial development in the EU member states and supports an integrated perspective for European spatial development which goes beyond specialist viewpoints. This article focuses on the relationship between key statements on the European urban system contained in the ESDP and the 'real' structures and changes within this urban system. It also examines possible conclusions from the ESDP for urban policy in Europe in the light of the activities already launched to translate the ESDP into practice in the urban dimension of European spatial development.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 105-116
Issue: 1
Volume: 9
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310123925
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310123925
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mehmet Ocakci
Author-X-Name-First: Mehmet
Author-X-Name-Last: Ocakci
Title: Commuting to the Istanbul Historical Core: The Case of Industrial Employees
Abstract: The aim of this paper is firstly, to determine the types of manufacturing activities which are at present active in the Istanbul Historical Core and secondly, to establish the daily commuting pattern of industrial employment. With this information to hand, it is then possible to assess the impact of the transportation pattern on the historical core and the metropolitan area as a whole. The results show that industrial employees commuting to work in the historical core face more difficulties, by way of duration-distance-change, than the average value observed in the metropolitan area. Moving manufacturing activities away from the historical core will not only decrease the difficulties faced by industrial employees in this area, but will also relieve this 2400 year old area from the burden of traffic congestion, environmental and noise pollution, and create usable building capacity .
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 117-127
Issue: 1
Volume: 9
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310123047
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310123047
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:1:p:117-127




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: BOOK REVIEWS
Journal: 
Pages: 129-133
Issue: 1
Volume: 9
Year: 2001
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654310020009542
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654310020009542
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:9:y:2001:i:1:p:129-133




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Robert Osman
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Osman
Author-Name: Ondřej Mulíček
Author-X-Name-First: Ondřej
Author-X-Name-Last: Mulíček
Author-Name: Daniel Seidenglanz
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Seidenglanz
Title: Regional heteroglossia: the metropolitan region as a dialogical landscape
Abstract: 
 Many metropolitan conceptualizations apply ‘territorial grammar’ when articulating the region. This paper approaches the metropolitan region as an entity whose extent and internal structure are negotiated in both space and time. We argue that the ‘planning imagination’, which is predominantly spatial in nature, must be temporalized by considering ‘temporal grammar’. The main objective of this study is to explore how a temporal dimension can be integrated more effectively into how the metropolitan region is imagined and conceptualized. Therefore, we employ the dialogical concept of heteroglossia to present the metropolitan region as a continuous dialogue between municipalities of different power, as an open, ongoing and negotiated spatiotemporal unit. Our secondary aim is to employ this conceptualization in an empirical description of the spatiotemporal arrangement of a particular region (Brno, Czech Republic, summer 2015). For this purpose, we use data related to the opening hours of shops selling fast-moving consumer goods. Analysis revealed four specific voices present in the complex heteroglossia of the region: the voice of the core, the city of Brno; the voice of secondary urban centres; the voice of municipalities located in the hinterlands of secondary urban centres; and the voice of traditional agricultural municipalities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2079-2098
Issue: 11
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1623866
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1623866
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Izabella Szakálné Kanó
Author-X-Name-First: Izabella
Author-X-Name-Last: Szakálné Kanó
Author-Name: Balázs Lengyel
Author-X-Name-First: Balázs
Author-X-Name-Last: Lengyel
Author-Name: Zoltán Elekes
Author-X-Name-First: Zoltán
Author-X-Name-Last: Elekes
Author-Name: Imre Lengyel
Author-X-Name-First: Imre
Author-X-Name-Last: Lengyel
Title: Agglomeration, foreign firms and firm exit in regions under transition: the increasing importance of related variety in Hungary
Abstract: 
 Related variety of economic activities is widely recognized to induce regional development; however, it is not clear how this mechanism takes place in regions that go through major structural and institutional transformation. Furthermore, foreign direct investment (FDI) is typically a major source of structural change in these areas; and we still need a better understanding on how foreign-owned (foreign) firms affect the dynamics of domestic-owned (domestic) companies. For these reasons we analyse firm-level exit in Hungarian city regions between 1996 and 2011, over the late post-socialist transition in manufacturing industries, focusing on the difference between foreign and domestic firms. Introducing ownership into the related variety calculation, we estimate the probability of firm exit with the region-level related variety calculated separately for foreign and domestic firms. Our results suggest that related variety of foreign firms decreases the probability of domestic firm exit earlier during the economic transition compared to the related variety of domestic firms. This finding supports the idea that FDI plays a formative role in regions under transition, and shows that domestic firms benefit from being in agglomerations where foreign firms are technologically related to each other.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2099-2122
Issue: 11
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1606897
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1606897
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gaston Heimeriks
Author-X-Name-First: Gaston
Author-X-Name-Last: Heimeriks
Author-Name: Deyu Li
Author-X-Name-First: Deyu
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Wout Lamers
Author-X-Name-First: Wout
Author-X-Name-Last: Lamers
Author-Name: Ingeborg Meijer
Author-X-Name-First: Ingeborg
Author-X-Name-Last: Meijer
Author-Name: Alfredo Yegros
Author-X-Name-First: Alfredo
Author-X-Name-Last: Yegros
Title: Scientific knowledge production in European regions: patterns of growth, diversity and complexity
Abstract: 
 We study regional patterns of scientific knowledge production in Europe using all scientific publications in the period 2000–2014 attributed to 813 scientific subfields. We show that the existing scientific portfolio of regions offers opportunities for related diversification and discourages the creation of knowledge on topics unrelated to the local knowledge base. Many lagging regions show clear growth, but complex knowledge production remains highly concentrated in regions in the North and West of Europe. For lagging regions there are advantages in not specializing too soon and to first diversify before moving into developing more complex knowledge.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2123-2143
Issue: 11
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1645814
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1645814
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Johan Miörner
Author-X-Name-First: Johan
Author-X-Name-Last: Miörner
Author-Name: Michaela Trippl
Author-X-Name-First: Michaela
Author-X-Name-Last: Trippl
Title: Embracing the future: path transformation and system reconfiguration for self-driving cars in West Sweden
Abstract: 
 The past years have witnessed a surge of academic interest into how new industrial paths are developed in regions. Transformation processes of existing regional industries have received less attention. This article focuses on radical innovation-based renewal processes of established paths and investigates how regional innovation systems are tackling challenges related to path transformation. Drawing on insights from the regional and technological innovation systems literatures, we develop an analytical framework that elucidates the relation between path transformation and system reconfiguration. The framework suggests that regional innovation system elements are created or adapted to (i) target the build-up of system functions regionally; (ii) link up to system functions in other locations, and (iii) transplant system functions from elsewhere. The analytical framework is applied to a case study of the transformation of the automotive industry in West Sweden towards self-driving cars. The empirical analysis provides support for the importance of the three types of system reconfiguration and emphasises the relevance of different types of assets. Furthermore, it highlights how actors tend to utilise previous networks and positions in global innovation systems rather than turning to the development of system functions regionally as the ‘default option’ of system reconfiguration.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2144-2162
Issue: 11
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1652570
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1652570
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Markus Grillitsch
Author-X-Name-First: Markus
Author-X-Name-Last: Grillitsch
Author-Name: Teis Hansen
Author-X-Name-First: Teis
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen
Title: Green industry development in different types of regions
Abstract: 
 At the regional level, the imperative of sustainable development often manifests itself in an emphasis on developing green industries. However, regions vary in their preconditions for achieving this. In this paper we link regional preconditions to various pathways for green industry development. This provides the foundation for identifying place-based policy implications for growing green industries in different types of regions, grounded in the emerging perspective in innovation studies on transformative innovation policy. The paper thereby helps to understand the pathways for greening the economy in different regional contexts and how such green pathways can be promoted through policy.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2163-2183
Issue: 11
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1648385
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1648385
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kathleen Bolger
Author-X-Name-First: Kathleen
Author-X-Name-Last: Bolger
Author-Name: Andréanne Doyon
Author-X-Name-First: Andréanne
Author-X-Name-Last: Doyon
Title: Circular cities: exploring local government strategies to facilitate a circular economy
Abstract: 
 Cities are growing rapidly, and the systems of production and consumption that support this growth are contributing to the depletion of natural resources and pollution of the environment. The circular economy model offers an alternative to the predominant take-make-dispose economic system. Local municipalities are seen to have the capacity to encourage sustainable development of the built environment. This paper aims to explore the role of strategic planning in facilitating a circular economy in urban settings. In particular, this research asks: How are local governments facilitating circular economy initiatives through strategic planning? What are the opportunities and barriers when applying circular economy principles through local strategic planning? The research approach used for this paper is a comparative case study of two international municipalities: the City of Melbourne, Australia and the City of Malmö, Sweden. Current strategic planning practice was examined with a focus on circular economy themes. The findings reveal that strategic urban planning can translate circular economy objectives into actions within specific urban areas, although barriers still exist to fully integrating the circular economy model.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2184-2205
Issue: 11
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1642854
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1642854
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andreas Kuebart
Author-X-Name-First: Andreas
Author-X-Name-Last: Kuebart
Title: Geographies of relational coordination in venture capital firms
Abstract: 
 Venture capital (VC) firms are crucial actors in entrepreneurial ecosystems. Through the development towards a digital economy, they have gained further relevance, which caused the VC industry to diversify in terms of business models. This article offers a new heuristic to study the VC industry by developing a classification of VC firms. By drawing on a framework of different dimensions of relational distance in investment relations, different types of relational coordination are identified by comparing VC firms in Germany. The types of VC business models are found to produce relational geographies of investing as they relate with their portfolio startups in different ways. A relational perspective on VC thus provides the opportunity to step beyond pure territorial approaches on VC.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2206-2226
Issue: 11
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1620696
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1620696
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:27:y:2019:i:11:p:2206-2226




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ivan-Damir Anić
Author-X-Name-First: Ivan-Damir
Author-X-Name-Last: Anić
Author-Name: Nicoletta Corrocher
Author-X-Name-First: Nicoletta
Author-X-Name-Last: Corrocher
Author-Name: Andrea Morrison
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea
Author-X-Name-Last: Morrison
Author-Name: Zoran Aralica
Author-X-Name-First: Zoran
Author-X-Name-Last: Aralica
Title: The development of competitiveness clusters in Croatia: a survey-based analysis
Abstract: 
 In order to stimulate growth and competitiveness, many EU member states have implemented cluster-based development strategies. Several works underline the benefits of policy-driven clusters, but understanding how clusters can create value for their members is still an open issue. This work contributes to the literature by investigating 13 Competitiveness Clusters in Croatia, a special type of policy-driven clusters developed within the country’s smart specialization strategy, using original data from a survey on 250 cluster members. Our results indicate the existence of very different attitudes towards the rationale for the initiative. In particular, while some members are more interested in lobbying activities, others see networking and innovation as the most important objectives of clusters. Findings also show that the evaluation of cluster management, governance and performance varies according to the desired objectives. Overall the Competitiveness Clusters initiative in Croatia did not meet members’ expectations.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2227-2247
Issue: 11
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1610726
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1610726
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:27:y:2019:i:11:p:2227-2247




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Louise Kempton
Author-X-Name-First: Louise
Author-X-Name-Last: Kempton
Title: Wishful thinking? Towards a more realistic role for universities in regional innovation policy
Abstract: 
 The past 30 years has seen an escalating interest in the potential role of universities in contributing to their regional economies, reflected in the increasing trend for regional innovation strategies to ascribe a central role for universities, particularly in peripheral, institutionally thin places. The global economic crisis and subsequent austerity measures implemented in many developed economies have put further pressure on universities from national and regional policymakers to become more explicitly involved in contributing to their local economies in order to justify their public funding. This paper will draw on the academic literature to consider how justified this focus is by questioning whether universities are willing or even able to play the roles expected of them in contributing to regional innovation. It will critique an approach to policymaking that often views universities as homogenous actors in the regional innovation system and places an over reliance on imitating success stories from other places without sufficient consideration of the specificities of local conditions. It will argue for a more realistic and nuanced approach to involving universities in regional innovation policy, concluding with key insights for both universities and policymakers.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2248-2265
Issue: 11
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1628183
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1628183
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:27:y:2019:i:11:p:2248-2265




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fabio Mazzola
Author-X-Name-First: Fabio
Author-X-Name-Last: Mazzola
Author-Name: Alessandro Cusimano
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandro
Author-X-Name-Last: Cusimano
Author-Name: Giuseppe Di Giacomo
Author-X-Name-First: Giuseppe
Author-X-Name-Last: Di Giacomo
Author-Name: Rosalia Epifanio
Author-X-Name-First: Rosalia
Author-X-Name-Last: Epifanio
Title: Local and territorial determinants in the realization of public–private–partnerships: an empirical analysis for Italian provinces
Abstract: 
 Relational networks and intangible factors are crucial elements for the competitiveness of a territory. Public–Private–Partnerships (PPPs), in particular, allow for the provision of goods and services that favour the exploitation of complementarities between public and private resources. They aim at promoting an increase in the overall efficiency of investment projects through a complex mechanism that distributes risk and revenues among stakeholders. This paper examines the local and territorial determinants of PPPs through an econometric analysis based upon Italian municipal data, grouped at the provincial level. Using a tobit model, we analyse the relationship between the realization of successful PPP initiatives and different sets of factors, including less analysed local and territorial determinants. We stress the role of the local management of infrastructure assets, the administrative efficiency of local authorities and the diffusion of previous local development initiatives. Local management and territorial context factors explain most of the occurrence of successful PPP initiatives in the pre-crisis period while usual determinants (infrastructure endowment and financial distress) display a weaker effect.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2266-2287
Issue: 11
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1640187
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1640187
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:27:y:2019:i:11:p:2266-2287




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Ženka
Author-X-Name-First: Jan
Author-X-Name-Last: Ženka
Author-Name: Ondřej Slach
Author-X-Name-First: Ondřej
Author-X-Name-Last: Slach
Author-Name: Adam Pavlík
Author-X-Name-First: Adam
Author-X-Name-Last: Pavlík
Title: Economic resilience of metropolitan, old industrial, and rural regions in two subsequent recessionary shocks
Abstract: 
 In this paper, we focus on the question of how particular types of regions react to economic shocks. Drawing on a case study of Czech microregions, we aim to determine if the old industrial regions differ significantly from other types of regions (metropolitan, urban, rural) in (post)crisis economic development. Two aspects of regional resilience (measured by unemployment growth) were considered: recession and recovery. We focused on the comparison of two subsequent recessionary shocks: the 2008–2010 global recession and the 2012–2013 austerity crisis. Metropolitan regions showed relatively stable economic development. Old industrial regions were more resilient than expected. Rural regions exhibited highly diverse reactions: lower resistance was characteristic for regions specialized (mostly) in automotive and some labour-intensive industries. The first wave of recession increased unemployment mostly in (rural) regions dependent on export-oriented manufacturing, the second wave especially hit larger cities with metropolitan functions. Regions that experienced a sharp unemployment increase in the first recession were generally more resistant in the second wave. All types of regions were internally highly diverse in their reactions to economic crises, which points to the importance of micro-regional variations of economic resilience, the performance of individual local firms and subsidiaries, and extra-regional factors of regional development.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2288-2311
Issue: 11
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1638346
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1638346
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. R. Murua
Author-X-Name-First: J. R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Murua
Author-Name: A. M. Ferrero
Author-X-Name-First: A. M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferrero
Title: Talking about regional resilience: evidence from two formerly rural Spanish regions
Abstract: 
 This research analyses the contrasting socio-economic performances of two neighbouring territories, which, while sharing similar starting points, have, for various reasons, diverged in terms of their dynamics and ultimately reached different economic resilience levels. Regional production structure, socio-economic assets, social capital endowment and leadership strength, together with institutional and governance quality are factors that may underlie their current differences. The results of the research confirm the hypothesis that these factors are indeed the key to their different resilience levels.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2312-2328
Issue: 11
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1615037
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1615037
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Agnieszka Szpak
Author-X-Name-First: Agnieszka
Author-X-Name-Last: Szpak
Title: How to deal with migrants and the State’s backlash – Polish cities’ experience
Abstract: 
 Over the last decades, Poland has witnessed a relatively dynamic increase in the number of immigrants. At the same time, current Polish central authorities, politicians of the ruling party and the majority of the population perceive migrants mostly as a threat and a challenge. Municipal authorities lack complex support from central authorities. However, the situation is slowly changing. Some Polish cities are adopting migration policies or including migration issues in the local development strategies. Considering this, the article aims to examine migrants’ integration policies in selected Polish cites considered leaders in this field: Lublin, Gdańsk, Kraków and Wrocław. The main research question is: how do Polish cities deal with the backlash from the national government and absence of clear legal regulations on their role and competences in the area of migrant integration? The research method is that of a legal-institutional analysis and case study. The former is used to interpret the legal acts and other documents. Its application is justified by the fact that this paper examines strategic documents adopted at the level of urban governments regarding the integration of migrants. Case study methods made it possible to examine the migrants’ integration policy in four Polish cities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1159-1176
Issue: 6
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1569598
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1569598
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: G. Yeliz Kahya
Author-X-Name-First: G. Yeliz
Author-X-Name-Last: Kahya
Author-Name: Anlı Ataöv
Author-X-Name-First: Anlı
Author-X-Name-Last: Ataöv
Title: Cultural actors as agents of generating social co-presences within the place: Istanbul’s contemporary art scene
Abstract: 
 This paper builds on the designation of cultural actors’ actions as a decisive factor in the emergence of urban patterns of art-driven social co-presences in Istanbul. It contributes to the creative city debate from the perspective of community development by incorporating the contemporary arts into urban social space making efforts. Methodologically, the locations of art organizations in the contemporary arts scene of Istanbul are approached as an urban pattern of art driven social co-presences that resulted from the ‘collective action’ in which a multitude of cultural actors are involved. We find that the clusters of art organizations serve as multidimensional social interactions among artist communities. There are, however, inefficiencies in spreading this interactive networking throughout different social segments. Research findings conclude that the cultural actors as agents of generating social co-presences within the place, are not effectively contributing to the society’s social coherence, particularly in terms of creating links with disadvantageous neighbourhood residents.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1177-1199
Issue: 6
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1577361
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1577361
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Silvio Caputo
Author-X-Name-First: Silvio
Author-X-Name-Last: Caputo
Author-Name: Fabiano Lemes de Oliveira
Author-X-Name-First: Fabiano Lemes
Author-X-Name-Last: de Oliveira
Author-Name: Dan Blott
Author-X-Name-First: Dan
Author-X-Name-Last: Blott
Title: Values for self-build urbanism
Abstract: 
 Self-build is lately attracting much interest as a solution to housing supply that can complement the insufficient delivery of housebuilding by the construction industry. The historical trajectory of self-build shows that from a practice which had a conflictual stance towards central authority in the past, it is now promoted by the same authority within a framework of empowerment of and central power devolution to local communities. Against this backdrop, the challenge is to preserve the spirit of independence that still pervades self-build and yet merge it with the planning frameworks which are used to control development generally. This approach has recently been experimented with by some large-scale self-build projects. Through literature review, this article firstly identifies important values that motivate self-builders; secondly it recognizes rule-based, rather than prescriptive codes such as generative codes, as those that can facilitate autonomy within a loose form of control; and finally it develops case studies that help understand how such values have been interpreted in different ways, reflecting the context. Elaborating on case studies, the discussion section outlines how values can inform different types of generative codes while increasing participation and an enhanced democracy of the planning process.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1200-1216
Issue: 6
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1579299
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1579299
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nikos Karadimitriou
Author-X-Name-First: Nikos
Author-X-Name-Last: Karadimitriou
Author-Name: Thanos Pagonis
Author-X-Name-First: Thanos
Author-X-Name-Last: Pagonis
Title: Planning reform and development rights in Greece: institutional persistence and elite rule in the face of the crisis
Abstract: 
 This paper discusses the process of development rights allocation in Greece and the changes to that process which occurred from 2009 onward. It argues that the interaction of institutions which regulate the allocation of development rights, with social practices of formal and informal land development, gives rise to development pathways which demonstrate institutional persistence. In the case of Greece, these pathways range from ‘urban development by state organisations’, to development without planning permission on land that is not owned by the developer. The crisis was a shock to the Greek governance system, yet the analysis in this paper shows that the reforms of the development rights allocation process followed the pre-existing ‘mentality of rule’. The paper therefore argues that development pathways reflect a political arrangement between the ruling elites and other social strata. The technologies of governance and the associated institutions and practices which support elite rule, were sustained, if not reinforced, during the crisis. This analytical approach therefore offers insights of relevance to other countries in Europe and around the world which contemplate reforms to their development rights allocation system.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1217-1234
Issue: 6
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1579300
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1579300
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tuna Tasan-Kok
Author-X-Name-First: Tuna
Author-X-Name-Last: Tasan-Kok
Author-Name: Martijn van den Hurk
Author-X-Name-First: Martijn
Author-X-Name-Last: van den Hurk
Author-Name: Sara Özogul
Author-X-Name-First: Sara
Author-X-Name-Last: Özogul
Author-Name: Sofia Bittencourt
Author-X-Name-First: Sofia
Author-X-Name-Last: Bittencourt
Title: Changing public accountability mechanisms in the governance of Dutch urban regeneration
Abstract: 
 Contemporary urban planning dynamics are based on negotiation and contractual relations, creating fragmented planning processes. On the one hand, they trigger technocratic forms of governance, which require the ‘legal instrumentalisation’ of planning in a piecemeal approach ensuring legal certainty. On the other hand, these processes require flexibility to enable easy, fast and efficient forms of implementation due to the increasing involvement of private sector actors in urban development. This article unravels the influence of these conflicting dynamics on the fundamentals of urban planning practices by focusing on changing public accountability mechanisms created through contractual relationships between public and private sector agencies. Dutch urban regeneration has demonstrated changing governance principles and dynamics in the last three decades. Representing instrumental and institutional measures, we connect accountability mechanisms to these changes and argue that they ‘co-exist’ in multiple forms across different contexts. This article embeds this evolution in wider theoretical discussions on the changing relationships between public and private sector actors in urban governance relative to the changing role of the state, and it addresses questions on who can be held accountable, and to what extent, when public sector actors are increasingly retreating from regulatory practices while private sector actors play increasingly prominent roles.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1107-1128
Issue: 6
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1598017
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1598017
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tuna Tasan-Kok
Author-X-Name-First: Tuna
Author-X-Name-Last: Tasan-Kok
Author-Name: Rob Atkinson
Author-X-Name-First: Rob
Author-X-Name-Last: Atkinson
Author-Name: Maria Lucia Refinetti Martins
Author-X-Name-First: Maria Lucia
Author-X-Name-Last: Refinetti Martins
Title: Complex planning landscapes: regimes, actors, instruments and discourses of contractual urban development
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1059-1063
Issue: 6
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1598018
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1598018
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mike Raco
Author-X-Name-First: Mike
Author-X-Name-Last: Raco
Author-Name: Nicola Livingstone
Author-X-Name-First: Nicola
Author-X-Name-Last: Livingstone
Author-Name: Daniel Durrant
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Durrant
Title: Seeing like an investor: urban development planning, financialisation, and investors’ perceptions of London as an investment space
Abstract: 
 There is a growing orthodoxy that since the global financial crisis European policy-makers and planning systems have become more dependent on inward investment and the availability of global finance to fund welfare services and projects. This process of financialisation, it is claimed, is driven by the needs of developers and investors, who are focused on maximizing returns and limiting their social and economic liabilities. Planning agencies and traditional territory-based arrangements are viewed with increasing suspicion, as standing in the way of investment and acting as a brake on much needed house-building and regeneration. However, in this paper, drawing on detailed research with investors and developers in London, we argue that there needs to be a stronger focus in academic and policy writing on the multiple, variegated, and diverse calculations and framings that private sector actors take when making investment decisions. Too often their perspectives are caricatured and/or over-simplified. We show that and imaginations of planning and regulation are complex and that many firms have realized that market success results from becoming more deeply embedded in the local political, social, and regulatory environments in which they are investing. A greater understanding of these multiple forms of calculation, in turn, opens up opportunities for the maintenance and/or implementation of more effective forms of territorially-based soft and hard regulation. The paper concludes by outlining a broader research agenda for planning and urban studies.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1064-1082
Issue: 6
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1598019
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1598019
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rob Atkinson
Author-X-Name-First: Rob
Author-X-Name-Last: Atkinson
Author-Name: Andrew Tallon
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Tallon
Author-Name: David Williams
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Williams
Title: Governing urban regeneration in the UK: a case of ‘variegated neoliberalism’ in action?
Abstract: 
 The article focuses on the redevelopment of previously developed land by public-private sector partnerships in three cities/towns in South-West England, two of which can be described as medium-sized places with little previous experience of such developments. In each case we situated the redevelopment process in its wider multi-level and horizontal relationships using Social Network Analysis to produce network and centrality maps to reveal the complex network of relationships the process was embedded within and shaped by. These developments took place in what is termed the ‘roll-out’ phase of neoliberalism and we illustrate how the overarching planning and regulatory regimes (including contracts), along with wider economic conditions, shaped the development process, with the proviso that in each case these factors were mediated and themselves shaped by the assortment and interaction of local organizational, political, economic and civic forces. These included local planning committees and their interpretation of planning regulations and the developers involved, but also opposition to the developments from local sources. Much, however, depended on the ‘capacity to act’ of the relevant partnerships, in the sense of mobilizing and deploying available resources to realize the proposed developments.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1083-1106
Issue: 6
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1598020
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1598020
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Lucia Refinetti Martins
Author-X-Name-First: Maria Lucia Refinetti
Author-X-Name-Last: Martins
Author-Name: Alvaro Luis dos Santos Pereira
Author-X-Name-First: Alvaro Luis dos
Author-X-Name-Last: Santos Pereira
Title: Urban Regeneration in the Brazilian urban policy agenda
Abstract: 
 This article aims to highlight the main arguments that sought to justify the incorporation and legitimization of Urban Regeneration in the urban policy agenda in Brazil. It shows how the convergence between different and even conflicting propositions related to urban development provided ideological support to the construction of discourses in which urban regeneration is portrayed as beneficial to society as a whole, and how recent international ideas on urban development were incorporated in urban policies of contemporary Brazil, considering our local socio-economic and political environment, planning tradition and regulatory frameworks. The focus will be on Rio de Janeiro and particularly São Paulo given the key role these two cities play in defining urban policy paradigms, guiding government agendas and exporting regulatory models to other parts of Brazil.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1129-1145
Issue: 6
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1598021
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1598021
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Willem K. Korthals Altes
Author-X-Name-First: Willem K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Korthals Altes
Title: Multiple land use planning for living places and investments spaces
Abstract: 
 Planning is assessed not only based on its ability to improve the living environment through place making, but also based on its role in facilitating investments in the built environment. This paper approaches the combination of these functions as planning for multiple land use. Contracts, rather than plans, are used to bridge these functions. This concept of multiple land use is used to reflect on the contributions in this special issue on regulation of private sector involvement and property market dynamics in urban development. Questions for further research are raised based on the concepts of legitimacy, effectiveness and efficiency. These questions can also be used to assess current planning practice in which private sector investment and place making are combined.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1146-1158
Issue: 6
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1598022
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1598022
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shengjun Zhu
Author-X-Name-First: Shengjun
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu
Author-Name: Wenwan Jin
Author-X-Name-First: Wenwan
Author-X-Name-Last: Jin
Author-Name: Canfei He
Author-X-Name-First: Canfei
Author-X-Name-Last: He
Title: Rejoinder to Professor Ho’s team on the article entitled ‘On evolutionary economic geography: a literature review using bibliometric analysis’
Abstract: 
 Professor Ho’s team has raised three questions about our paper entitled ‘On evolutionary economic geography: a literature review using bibliometric analysis’ published in European Panning Studies. The first one is about the number of articles in our search results. The second one is about the databases we have used in the Web of Science system. In the last comment, Professor Ho suggests a new searching strategy – ‘front page’ rule. We have responded to those three comments one by one in this rejoinder.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1238-1240
Issue: 6
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1608159
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1608159
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yuh-Shan Ho
Author-X-Name-First: Yuh-Shan
Author-X-Name-Last: Ho
Title: Critical comment on: Zhu, Jin, and He ‘On evolutionary economic geography: a literature review using bibliometric analysis’, European Planning Studies vol. 27, pp 639–660
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1235-1237
Issue: 6
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1611050
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1611050
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:27:y:2019:i:6:p:1235-1237




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yuh-Shan Ho
Author-X-Name-First: Yuh-Shan
Author-X-Name-Last: Ho
Title: Comments on the Reply to the Rebuttal to: Zhu, Jin, & He ‘On evolutionary economic geography: A literature review using bibliometric analysis’, European Planning Studies vol. 27, pp 639–660
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1241-1243
Issue: 6
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1613037
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1613037
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Markus Grillitsch
Author-X-Name-First: Markus
Author-X-Name-Last: Grillitsch
Author-Name: Cristina Chaminade
Author-X-Name-First: Cristina
Author-X-Name-Last: Chaminade
Title: Bridging the gap: citizenship diversity and global innovation networks in small and medium size companies
Abstract: 
 Recent literature stresses the increasing importance of global innovation networks (GINs) as a mechanism to organize innovation across geographical space. This paper investigates why and to what extent citizenship diversity of the firm's employees relates to the engagement of small and medium size companies in GINs. Citizenship diversity provides knowledge about the institutional context of other countries, increased capabilities to deal with institutional differences, larger social networks to build GINs and a broader search space. Further, the paper examines how the absorptive capacity of firms mediates the relationship between citizenship diversity and GINs. The empirical study is based on a linked employee-employer dataset with 6,771 observations of innovative small and medium size firms in Sweden. It provides strong evidence that the engagement in GINs is positively related to citizenship diversity, depending, however, on the absorptive capacity of firms.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2279-2303
Issue: 12
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1520812
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1520812
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anne Nygaard Tanner
Author-X-Name-First: Anne Nygaard
Author-X-Name-Last: Tanner
Title: Changing locus of innovation: a micro-process approach on the dynamics of proximity
Abstract: 
 The literature on the geography of innovation suffers from a lack of attention to temporal aspects of proximity in innovation processes. Consequently, an emerging literature on knowledge-creation processes has appeared to address this shortcoming. This paper adopts this perspective and develops an integrated framework for understanding knowledge creation and proximity dynamics across phases of the innovation process (idea generation, problem-solving and implementation). Geographical proximity plays a role in all stages of the innovation process, but its form varies. Three innovation biographies from the Danish wind power industry serve as principal examples of this integrated framework. It is demonstrated that innovation processes can be multilocational, meaning innovative activities are stretched in space and may take place at multiple sites.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2304-2322
Issue: 12
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1529143
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1529143
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrea Ciffolilli
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea
Author-X-Name-Last: Ciffolilli
Author-Name: Alessandro Muscio
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandro
Author-X-Name-Last: Muscio
Title: Industry 4.0: national and regional comparative advantages in key enabling technologies
Abstract: 
 Industry 4.0 is a name used to indicate a &#x2018;fourth industrial revolution&#x2019;, characterised by the emergence of smart factories in which cyber-physical systems monitor physical processes and communicate with each other and human beings in real time. European Member States and regions are committed to adapt their innovation systems to the trends of Industry 4.0 and Europe as a whole is facing the challenge of finding a balance between promoting research and innovation excellence and putting less advanced regions in the position to benefit from the ongoing industrial revolution. However, relatively little is known about the magnitude of this economic phenomenon, the comparative advantages of countries and regions and their technological specialisation. We use data from European regions&#x2019; participation in collaborative research projects promoted by the 7th Framework Programme for research and innovation to investigate relative and absolute advantages in the enabling technologies of Industry 4.0. Data are regionalised and categorised on the basis of an original taxonomy of technologies developed with the support of a team of European experts in each technological domain. The article also explores regional networks promoted by the Framework Programme and draws policy indications to support the competitiveness of European manufacturing.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2323-2343
Issue: 12
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1529145
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1529145
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elvira Uyarra
Author-X-Name-First: Elvira
Author-X-Name-Last: Uyarra
Author-Name: Chiara Marzocchi
Author-X-Name-First: Chiara
Author-X-Name-Last: Marzocchi
Author-Name: Jens Sorvik
Author-X-Name-First: Jens
Author-X-Name-Last: Sorvik
Title: How outward looking is smart specialisation? Rationales, drivers and barriers
Abstract: 
 The emergence of Smart Specialisation as place-based policy has attracted much scholarly debate. However, interest on the topic has been devoted principally to the process of entrepreneurial discovery and its embedded selective mechanisms for R&amp;I policy. This paper focuses on a less investigated dimension of Smart Specialisation, and specifically on the capacity of S3 to contribute to inter-regional connectivity via the outward looking approach to cooperation promoted by Smart Specialisation policies. In doing so, we use original data collected from a survey of EU regions and neighbouring countries and complemented by in-depth interviews. The survey collates information on instruments of collaboration and discusses drivers and barriers encountered by the regions during the implementation of their outward looking strategies of collaboration. Our results suggest that, while the value of collaboration and the options offered by the outward looking feature of S3 are widely recognised, lack of political commitment, relational inertia and complexities associated to joint programming and availability of R&amp;I instruments are hampering the development of long-term collaborations between regions in EU.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2344-2363
Issue: 12
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1529146
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1529146
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:26:y:2018:i:12:p:2344-2363




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ji&#x159;&#xED; Bla&#x17E;ek
Author-X-Name-First: Ji&#x159;&#xED;
Author-X-Name-Last: Bla&#x17E;ek
Author-Name: Kaoru Natsuda
Author-X-Name-First: Kaoru
Author-X-Name-Last: Natsuda
Author-Name: Jan S&#xFD;kora
Author-X-Name-First: Jan
Author-X-Name-Last: S&#xFD;kora
Title: Entrance-exit dynamics of suppliers and the repercussions for reshaping the structure of GVCs/GPNs
Abstract: 
 The analysis of entrance and exit dynamics of suppliers into and from GVCs/GPNs has remained on a sideline, despite emerging evidence of the substantial dynamics of suppliers exiting value chains, induced for example by a paradigm of streamlining the supply base. Thus, this article aims to contribute to research on global production via the identification of the key firm-level causal drivers guiding the entrance-exit dynamics of companies within GVCs/GPNs leading to substantial but variegated evolutionary dynamics reshaping the structure of particular chains or networks, resulting in profound impacts upon the companies, localities and regions concerned.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2364-2386
Issue: 12
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1533529
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1533529
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ida Hermanson
Author-X-Name-First: Ida
Author-X-Name-Last: Hermanson
Author-Name: Maureen McKelvey
Author-X-Name-First: Maureen
Author-X-Name-Last: McKelvey
Author-Name: Olof Zaring
Author-X-Name-First: Olof
Author-X-Name-Last: Zaring
Title: The evolution and embeddedness of knowledge-intensive entrepreneurial firms in creative industries: contrasting experienced and non-experienced entrepreneurs in the Swedish fashion industry
Abstract: 
 This article focuses on the micro-level processes whereby knowledge-intensive entrepreneurs become embedded in networks to access resources, and in doing so help transform a region. Our analysis contributes to theoretical debates about how the entrepreneurs achieve this aim in order to develop their knowledge-intensive entrepreneurial ventures in creative industries. Our conceptualization specifies how entrepreneurs can use embeddedness in networks in order to access specific types of resources, during the pre-entry phase, the establishment phase, and the post-entry phase. The textiles and fashion industry is an interesting setting to explore these topics because of the rapid industrial transformation from mass production of textiles to large e-commerce firms. Our results suggest that pre-history of the individual entrepreneur has long-term effects upon access to unique resources within the industry, enabling this group to more quickly build their entrepreneurial ventures. Our qualitative case study contributes to theoretical discussions of how micro-processes of KIE entrepreneurship can renew regions and traditional industries, because our analysis shows the enduring impact of past industrial, regional and family ties.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2387-2406
Issue: 12
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1535575
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1535575
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yuzhuo Cai
Author-X-Name-First: Yuzhuo
Author-X-Name-Last: Cai
Author-Name: Roger Normann
Author-X-Name-First: Roger
Author-X-Name-Last: Normann
Author-Name: R&#xF3;mulo Pinheiro
Author-X-Name-First: R&#xF3;mulo
Author-X-Name-Last: Pinheiro
Author-Name: Markku Sotarauta
Author-X-Name-First: Markku
Author-X-Name-Last: Sotarauta
Title: Economic specialization and diversification at the country and regional level: introducing a conceptual framework to study innovation policy logics
Abstract: 
 While there has been a shared understanding that innovation policy is about rendering institutional change, there has been an emerging interest in identifying the institutional logics underlying innovation policy. To date, few studies have attempted to conceptualise these logics. This paper develops a novel conceptual framework for understanding innovation policy logics based on seminal contributions from organizational and economic theory. The framework distinguishes four logics, namely, specialized exploitation, diversified exploitation, specialized exploration, and diversified exploration. It is illustrated in the empirical analysis of innovation policies and development on both national and regional levels in Norway and Finland. The findings reveal that in both countries there is a movement towards increasingly diversified innovation strategies, despite differences in logics underpinning the policies.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2407-2426
Issue: 12
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1529142
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1529142
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Toni Ahlqvist
Author-X-Name-First: Toni
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahlqvist
Title: Dynamic elements in regional development: an explorative genealogical analysis of the region of Southwest Finland
Abstract: 
 The paper suggests an explorative interpretative approach for conceptualizing regional change based on Foucault&#x2019;s theory of genealogy. The theoretical outline is built on two key concepts of Foucault&#x2019;s genealogy, (descent) and (emergence). The paper conceptualizes the heuristic notion of &#x2018;adaptive element&#x2019; on the basis of descent, and the notion of &#x2018;disruptive element&#x2019; on the basis of emergence. The paper demonstrates the use of these concepts in a brief case study of Southwest Finland from 1985 to 2001.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2427-2447
Issue: 12
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1530198
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1530198
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ji&#x159;&#xED; Tint&#x11B;ra
Author-X-Name-First: Ji&#x159;&#xED;
Author-X-Name-Last: Tint&#x11B;ra
Author-Name: Zenia Kotval
Author-X-Name-First: Zenia
Author-X-Name-Last: Kotval
Author-Name: Aime Ruus
Author-X-Name-First: Aime
Author-X-Name-Last: Ruus
Author-Name: Epi Tohvri
Author-X-Name-First: Epi
Author-X-Name-Last: Tohvri
Title: Inadequacies of heritage protection regulations in an era of shrinking communities: a case study of Valga, Estonia
Abstract: 
 Valga is a small shrinking town in Estonia where the heritage conservation area acts as the business, administrative and cultural centre of the town. Compared to the overall socio-economic situation of the town, the heritage conservation area suffers due to substantially faster depopulation and higher vacancy rates. Revitalization of the urban centre is a key part of the small town's strategy. This paper addresses the question: In an area of urban shrinkage, what role does heritage protection play in revitalization of a town centre? Drawing on a qualitative case study of the Valga heritage conservation area, the findings show that the current heritage protection system does not support revitalization efforts. There is a need to develop a new set of heritage conservation rules for shrinking cities and to adapt the current heritage conservation system to urban shrinkage. The paper further proposes some possible aspects of such system adaptation.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2448-2469
Issue: 12
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1518409
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1518409
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tobias Chilla
Author-X-Name-First: Tobias
Author-X-Name-Last: Chilla
Author-Name: Thomas Streifeneder
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Streifeneder
Title: Interrelational space? The spatial logic of the macro-regional strategy for the Alps and its potentials
Abstract: 
 In recent years, European regional policy has seen a surprising popularity of macro-regional strategies. We focus on the example of the Alpine strategy EUSALP and discuss which potential comes along with its underlying regionalization logics. We argue, firstly, that the still young regionalization process of the EUSALP neither follows the understanding of a homogenous nor that of a functional space in the classical understanding. Instead, the EUSALP addresses pre- and inner-alpine areas that are politically interlinked. This pattern we label as &#x2018;interrelational spaces&#x2019;. Secondly, we discuss if the interrelations cover the concept of &#x2018;common challenges&#x2019; that the official political documents put in the forefront. We reflect to what extent the macro-regional strategy can respond to these challenges from a spatial perspective. In doing so, we refer to two Alpine case studies &#x2013; transport policy (Brenner) and eco-system services (Po River catchment area). We conclude that the large perimeter and the governance setting bear the potential to address key challenges of the Alpine region. However, the weak instrumental toolbox leaves us sceptical if the EUSALP is capable to make a real difference in the end.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2470-2489
Issue: 12
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1532493
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1532493
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Correction
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: (i)-(i)
Issue: 12
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1543112
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1543112
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:26:y:2018:i:12:p:(i)-(i)




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Birgit Leick
Author-X-Name-First: Birgit
Author-X-Name-Last: Leick
Author-Name: Thilo Lang
Author-X-Name-First: Thilo
Author-X-Name-Last: Lang
Title: Re-thinking non-core regions: planning strategies and practices beyond growth
Abstract: 
 Periods of ongoing growth in the economy and demographics have come to a halt for many European regions for various reasons, challenging their economic development prospects. Despite the heterogeneous nature of stagnation, decline, peripheralization or even stigmatization to be found there, these configurations ‘beyond growth’ have in common that short-term ‘fire-fighting’ policy approaches aiming to foster regional economic growth face some important limitations. We argue that this has to do, among other things, with the overall direction of established and orthodox planning approaches that are predominantly based on growth-oriented paradigms and implicitly or explicitly work with dichotomous categories such as core–periphery and metropolitan versus non-metropolitan spaces; these do, however, not capture local realities in these cases. Using the notion of non-core regions, we plead for conceptualizing non-core regions and their regional economic development trajectories in different ways: thinking ‘beyond growth’. Such alternative ideas should be informed by alternative understandings of growth, development and sustainability in order to influence theories and concepts, but also to support new approaches to planning practice. To this aim, we discuss non-core regions from a social constructivist perspective, elaborating some points of departure for conceptualizing and practising regional planning ‘beyond growth’.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 213-228
Issue: 2
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1363398
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1363398
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrick Küpper
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick
Author-X-Name-Last: Küpper
Author-Name: Stefan Kundolf
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan
Author-X-Name-Last: Kundolf
Author-Name: Tobias Mettenberger
Author-X-Name-First: Tobias
Author-X-Name-Last: Mettenberger
Author-Name: Gesine Tuitjer
Author-X-Name-First: Gesine
Author-X-Name-Last: Tuitjer
Title: Rural regeneration strategies for declining regions: trade-off between novelty and practicability
Abstract: 
 Innovation comprises both novelty and practicability. These two dimensions of innovation correlate partly negatively in our analysis of survey data about planning processes in declining rural districts. As argued in the literature, declining regions need innovative concepts beyond traditional counteracting strategies to ‘shrink smart’. Competitions are suggested as feasible-to-initiate innovative local concepts by the state. The German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture invited 39 particularly affected rural districts to participate in such a competition among the best concepts. We address the questions of how the districts dealt with the requirements for novelty and practicability in their concepts and how the rules of competitive bidding procedures influence those concepts. Answering these questions, we conducted a survey and statistically tested hypotheses deduced from governance and innovation theory. Moreover, we analysed the bidding documents. The results show that most districts came up with hardly novel and only partly practicable concepts because the organization of the competition, and local bargaining processes impede innovation. Furthermore, the ministry’s requirements for the competition overburdened local actors with a lack of resources in declining regions. As a policy implication, we propose to integrate external experts in local networks and to accompany declining regions over a longer time instead of short-term competitions and projects.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 229-255
Issue: 2
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1361583
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1361583
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maciej Smętkowski
Author-X-Name-First: Maciej
Author-X-Name-Last: Smętkowski
Title: The role of exogenous and endogenous factors in the growth of regions in Central and Eastern Europe: the metropolitan/non-metropolitan divide in the pre- and post-crisis era
Abstract: 
 The aim of the paper is to analyse regional growth factors in Central and Eastern European Countries in the pre- and post-crisis era. The comparison is focused on core (metropolitan) and non-core (non-metropolitan) regions. The study found that the development processes of the analysed groups of regions were in many respects similar. Achieving a high level of development in the context of post-socialist transformation was possible mainly owing to exogenous factors such as the influx of foreign direct investment (FDI) and multimodal transport accessibility. In the case of endogenous factors, the number of small- and medium-sized enterprises per capita was of cardinal importance for a high level of development, but it was no guarantee of fast growth dynamics in non-core regions. The main differences between the core and non-core regions included the role of human capital and migrations as metropolitan regions represented growth poles which trained qualified specialists and served as destinations for migrants from non-core regions. However, the share of people with tertiary education played an important role in the development process of non-core regions. The crisis strengthened the role of exogenous growth factors, that is, the role of FDI inflow as well as the role of EU funds.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 256-278
Issue: 2
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1361585
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1361585
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jon P. Knudsen
Author-X-Name-First: Jon P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Knudsen
Title: Vicarious habitation – reinterpreting the role of peripheral living in a Nordic context
Abstract: 
 This article argues that some of the contemporary attention given to sustaining habitation of regions and communities beyond capacity and prospects of economic growth can be understood by introducing the concept of ‘vicarious habitation’. By this term is understood ‘the notion of rural habitation performed by an active minority but on behalf of a much larger number, who (implicitly at least) not only understand, but, quite clearly, approve of what the minority is doing’. In many late modern societies, a substantial portion of the population seems willing to pay symbolically and politically to let a minority act on their behalf as caretakers of rural peripheries left behind by structural transformations. Signs of vicarious habitation occur that may vary in form and importance from country to country. Empirically, the argument is substantiated by Norwegian examples.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 279-296
Issue: 2
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1361589
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1361589
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thomas Dax
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Dax
Author-Name: Michael Fischer
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Fischer
Title: An alternative policy approach to rural development in regions facing population decline
Abstract: 
 Many rural regions in Europe used to be characterized by weak economic performance and negative population development. While in a long-term perspective this is not any more valid for large parts of Western Europe, a number of rural regions face persistent population decline. By analysing the case of Austria, where approximately one-third of rural areas have experienced such negative population change over the past decades, this paper will examine the impact on economic performance, income levels and well-being patterns. Addressing the crucial and persistent obstacles to positive population trends, new theoretical approaches and perspectives are discussed for overcoming limitations in development. Future approaches for regional development have to go beyond strategies for targeting economic growth, but have to address issues of local participation, social innovation and establishing trust as preconditions to effectively impact well-being dimensions. Such a mobilization effort would be the result of a comprehensive social transition process which would foster an altered narrative for these rural regions compared to the current and predominant focus on compensation and growth policies. Despite strong interlinkages with other regions and actors, the needs of local people would be central and both would be a cornerstone for social innovation.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 297-315
Issue: 2
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1361596
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1361596
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tadeusz Stryjakiewicz
Author-X-Name-First: Tadeusz
Author-X-Name-Last: Stryjakiewicz
Author-Name: Robert Kudłak
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Kudłak
Author-Name: Przemysław Ciesiółka
Author-X-Name-First: Przemysław
Author-X-Name-Last: Ciesiółka
Author-Name: Bartłomiej Kołsut
Author-X-Name-First: Bartłomiej
Author-X-Name-Last: Kołsut
Author-Name: Paweł Motek
Author-X-Name-First: Paweł
Author-X-Name-Last: Motek
Title: Urban regeneration in Poland’s non-core regions
Abstract: 
 After many years of efforts aimed at reaching a cohesive and inclusive socio-economic development, Poland keeps witnessing some significant disparities in the distribution of wealth. Moreover, these disparities intensified in the course of the post-socialist transition and they have not been diminished by the regional policy of the EU. In this light, urban regeneration appears as an important, emerging sphere of public intervention intended to support the less developed regions. The objective of this study is twofold: first, to characterize the place of urban regeneration in the Polish strategic planning system, and second, to carry out an in-depth analysis of planning strategies and practices of urban regeneration at the regional level and conclude with recommendations for planning. The latter is achieved by examining the Polish experience with urban regeneration practices in the 1999–2015 period using Wielkopolska region as a case study. In order to reach this objective: (a) all strategic documents related to urban regeneration have been collected and analysed, (b) a survey has been conducted in 100 cities and towns of the region and finally (c) 50 interviews have been carried out with various stakeholders involved in the urban regeneration process. The article concludes with recommendations for planning and further urban regeneration projects aiming to alleviate the development disparities between core and non-core regions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 316-341
Issue: 2
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1361603
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1361603
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sandra Bürcher
Author-X-Name-First: Sandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Bürcher
Author-Name: Heike Mayer
Author-X-Name-First: Heike
Author-X-Name-Last: Mayer
Title: Are there differences in social capital related to corporate regional engagement in dynamic and less dynamic non-core regions?
Abstract: 
 This article explores corporate regional engagement and related social capital in non-core regions. Corporate regional engagement comprises various activities of firms to influence regional contexts, which are challenging in non-core regions (e.g. on account of their organizational or institutional thinness). Corporate regional engagement engenders positive effects for regional development when firms collaborate among themselves (bonding social capital) and with other actors (bridging social capital) to improve regional endowments. We assume that dynamic regions have at their disposal higher levels of inclusive social capital in terms of collaboration networks for regional concerns and trust, while less dynamic regions have more exclusive and fragmented social capital. Consequently, less dynamic regions in particular appear to have potential to develop in a more social sense by activating the endogenous potential of region-wide collaboration. Those assumptions are tested based on a survey with Chief Executive Officers from the manufacturing industry from three dynamic and three less dynamic Swiss regions. The findings show that in dynamic regions, more firms are members of regional cross-industry associations, favouring regional collaboration; in less dynamic regions, meanwhile, more firms are members of industry-specific associations and service clubs, where benefits seem to be higher for individual firms than for the regional business environment.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 342-364
Issue: 2
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1361604
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1361604
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nadir Kinossian
Author-X-Name-First: Nadir
Author-X-Name-Last: Kinossian
Title: Planning strategies and practices in non-core regions: a critical response
Abstract: 
 The development of non-core regions has attracted growing interest within the current debates of economic geography, regional studies and spatial planning. The divergence between economically successful core regions and less privileged non-core regions continues despite policy interventions aimed at tackling spatial disparities and income inequalities. While traditional growth-oriented policies raise concerns over their effectiveness and relevance beyond large cities and metropolitan regions, there is growing interest in exploring new research paths and policy options that are better able to address development challenges in non-core regions. Contributors to this special issue engage with these debates by reflecting on planning policies and practices in five European countries, paying special attention to identifying planning strategies for non-core regions. This paper argues that alternatives to growth-oriented models require additional conceptualization and analysis to translate values into policies and institutions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 365-375
Issue: 2
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1361606
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1361606
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Iva Pires
Author-X-Name-First: Iva
Author-X-Name-Last: Pires
Author-Name: Flávio Nunes
Author-X-Name-First: Flávio
Author-X-Name-Last: Nunes
Title: Labour mobility in the Euroregion Galicia–Norte de Portugal: constraints faced by cross-border commuters
Abstract: 
 Removing barriers to labour mobility is expected to contribute to processes of spatial integration in cross-border regions, by an efficient allocation of labour and consequently a convergence between territories separated by a common border. Nevertheless, despite the de-bordering process within the European Union, administrative, legal and language barriers still hamper cross-border labour mobility, preventing the process of labour market integration. The aim of this paper is to identify obstacles to the mobility of cross-border workers commuting within the Euroregion Galicia–Norte de Portugal. The methodology employed combines the analysis of official data on labour mobility with qualitative data gathered from interviews with cross-border commuters, aimed at finding explanations for the different attitudes towards cross-border mobility inside this Euroregion. While traditional push and pull factors remain relevant in explaining cross-border labour flows, the qualitative information offers new insights into different levels of indifference from cross-border workers. The result is a fragmented labour market where Norte de Portugal is providing low-qualified, low-wage labour, whereas Galicia is contributing with well-paid, qualified labour.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 376-395
Issue: 2
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1404968
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1404968
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sverre J. Herstad
Author-X-Name-First: Sverre J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Herstad
Title: Beyond ‘related variety’: how inflows of skills shape innovativeness in different industries
Abstract: 
 Building on recent evolutionary thinking, this paper focuses on inter-industry differences in the receptiveness of firms to inflows of skills from different domains of the external economy. The empirical analysis of innovation performance finds that firms’ dependences on recruiting outside their own industry domains were inversely related to the vibrancy of knowledge dynamics within them. Moreover, inflow distances that are ‘optimal’ from the perspective of learning are closer to manufacturing firms’ own industry domains, than they are to the domains of services firms. As a result, only low-tech manufacturing and technology-intensive services firms exhibit the receptiveness to inflows from ‘related’ industries found in prior evolutionary research. Firms in high-tech manufacturing, by contrast, capture strong learning benefits from intra-sectoral mobility flows, whereas firms in traditional professional services depend on skills developed outside their own industry domains. Implications for the theory, empirics and policy relevance of evolutionary economic geography are discussed.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 396-420
Issue: 2
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1392490
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1392490
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cheng-Yi Lin
Author-X-Name-First: Cheng-Yi
Author-X-Name-Last: Lin
Title: Emerging challenges of an urban creative economy: reflections on the governance of creative clusters in Taipei City
Abstract: 
 Retaining the global mobile creative class has been considered a crucial strategy for driving creative economic development in inner cities. However, implementing the global creative city strategy overemphasizes the significance of amenity-based creative economic landscapes over institutional collaborations in contributing to the situated governance dynamics of creative clusters. Drawing on insights from an evolutionary perspective, this paper scrutinizes the extent to which creative city strategies foster the situated development of creative clusters based on a case study of Taipei. The paper argues that developing the urban creative economy requires a context-specific understanding of the urbanization process, and should involve an institutional collaboration to articulate the socio-spatial co-evolution between the diversified dynamics of creative clusters and urban form. This paper advocates reflexive thinking on neoliberal city strategies to develop a conjunctive, diverse and substantial creative policy to support alternative paths of creative city development.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 421-437
Issue: 2
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1392489
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1392489
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: A. L. Gerritsen
Author-X-Name-First: A. L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gerritsen
Author-Name: A. Lagendijk
Author-X-Name-First: A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Lagendijk
Author-Name: R. P. Kranendonk
Author-X-Name-First: R. P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kranendonk
Author-Name: M. Cofino
Author-X-Name-First: M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Cofino
Title: Beyond the blind spot of knowledge-based territorial development: the mission of Metropolitan Food Clusters
Abstract: 
 The rise of knowledge-based territorial development has been fuelled primarily by aspirations of competitiveness and wealth creation. Another upcoming ambition is that of sustainability, not only as an accompanying goal but as a core mission driving territorial initiatives such as clusters development. This paper explores mission-driven territorial development along theoretical and empirical lines. The paper starts by discussing a basic heuristic model intersecting the three concepts of &#x2018;mission&#x2019;, &#x2018;knowledge&#x2019; (distinguishing &#x2018;substantive&#x2019; and &#x2018;significant&#x2019; knowledge) and &#x2018;governance&#x2019;. This leads to an analytical framework for territorial development focusing on (1) mission formulation, (2) production and exchange of knowledge in supportive milieus, (3) embedding of substantive knowledge, (4) anchoring of significant knowledge, and (5) feeding of significant knowledge into the (re) design of institutions and strategies of policy design and implementation. This framework is applied to three cases of &#x2018;Metropolitan Food Clusters&#x2019; to illustrate and test the framework. The paper shows how especially the continuous anchoring of significant knowledge poses major challenges to knowledge-based territorial development and should be a central issue in future research and policy.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1-20
Issue: 1
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1538325
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1538325
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Kaufmann
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaufmann
Author-Name: Rahel Meili
Author-X-Name-First: Rahel
Author-X-Name-Last: Meili
Title: Leaves in the wind? Local policies of small and medium-sized towns in metropolitan regions
Abstract: 
 Small and medium-sized towns (SMSTs) contribute to the economic performance of whole metropolitan regions. However, the variety of factors that influence the economic development of SMSTs is understudied and the impact and relevance of their local policies are especially unclear. This article studies local policies of SMSTs within the metropolitan region of Zurich (Switzerland) and the impact of local policies on the economic specialization of these towns. Switzerland serves as an interesting context in which to study SMSTs, particularly those in metropolitan regions, due to their constant growth and the high local autonomy enjoyed by Swiss local governments. Using a multiple case study design that relies on a pair-wise comparison, we find that the economic specialization of SMSTs can mainly be explained by factors that are exogenous to local policy-making such as the town&#x2019;s location and its connectivity. Land-use strategies are the only local policies that can influence the economic specialization of SMSTs. Therefore, SMSTs are well advised to invest in professionalized land-use departments and to coordinate their land-use strategies with neighbouring jurisdictions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 21-41
Issue: 1
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1535576
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1535576
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jakob Eder
Author-X-Name-First: Jakob
Author-X-Name-Last: Eder
Title: Peripheralization and knowledge bases in Austria: towards a new regional typology
Abstract: 
 Scholars are increasingly interested in innovation in peripheral areas. However, research and policy documents are still often based on a traditional understanding of the core&#x2013;periphery dichotomy. Here, the peripheralization discourse argues for a broader understanding and highlights the importance of economic, demographic, and political factors as well as knowledge intensity for defining core and peripheral areas. Concerning the latter, the differentiated knowledge base approach provides new insights, as it emphasizes the varying foundations for different kinds of innovations. By combining these hitherto unconnected strands of literature, this paper first develops a conceptual framework for a new regional typology, which considers both the degree of centralization/peripheralization and the prevailing knowledge base. Second, an exploratory analysis applies this framework to the 95 districts of Austria and provides first insights into peripheralization and issues of regional prosperity. The results show that there are indeed many nuances and that regions that are clearly either central or peripheral are the exception. Furthermore, peripheries come in many shades and are not uniform, as often assumed implicitly. Consequently, this paper argues that a tailor-made innovation policy for lagging regions would benefit from the incorporation of the peripheralization discourse. To conclude, it outlines directions for future research.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 42-67
Issue: 1
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1541966
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1541966
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ombretta Caldarice
Author-X-Name-First: Ombretta
Author-X-Name-Last: Caldarice
Author-Name: Stefano Cozzolino
Author-X-Name-First: Stefano
Author-X-Name-Last: Cozzolino
Title: Institutional contradictions and attempts at innovation. Evidence from the Italian urban facility planning
Abstract: 
 Spatial planning affects the way in which cities are created and developed, as well as their economics and welfare. It does so by constructing institutional frameworks that frequently undergo states of contradiction and demands for adjustment and revision. This situation is particularly evident by looking at the way in which urban facilities have been planned during the twentieth century. The article explores the issue of urban facility planning in Italy by taking into account the adaptations of the institutional framework governing and regulating their supply. In particular, it explores the central contradictions which guided reforms and revisions of urban facility planning in Italy, starting from the post-war period until now, and the main problems left unsolved after years of attempts at innovation aiming at a more flexible and quality-oriented approach. In order to contribute to this debate, specific policy implications and devices are presented.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 68-85
Issue: 1
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1531973
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1531973
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eva Purkarthofer
Author-X-Name-First: Eva
Author-X-Name-Last: Purkarthofer
Title: Investigating the partnership approach in the EU Urban Agenda from the perspective of soft planning
Abstract: 
 At the European level, several strategic documents concerned with spatial and urban development have been published during the last decades. While these documents are essential to communicate European ideas and objectives, they are often regarded least influential in practice due to their abstract nature, legally non-binding status and lack of allocated resources. Though these limitations apply to the EU Urban Agenda, this recently published policy paper introduces partnerships as a new implementation tool. The partnerships can be regarded as innovative in two respects: On the one hand, they involve new actors, most importantly cities, in European policy debates. On the other hand, they ensure the anchorage of the Urban Agenda with a broad range of actors at various spatial scales without challenging its legally non-binding status. The Urban Agenda can thus be understood as another example of the move towards soft European spatial planning and urban development. This article investigates the notion of partnership as a soft planning and governance tool within the Urban Agenda. Moreover, based on expert interviews, it presents early opinions and expectations of actors involved in the development of the Urban Agenda and the partnerships on affordable housing.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 86-105
Issue: 1
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1527294
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1527294
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Erik A. de Graaf
Author-X-Name-First: Erik A.
Author-X-Name-Last: de Graaf
Title: Daily urban systems explained from the household perspective: an exploratory research on how the spatial interactions of the individual households shape the structure of daily urban systems
Abstract: 
 The concept of the Daily Urban System (DUS) has gained relevance over the past decades as the entity to examine and explain the functionality of the urban landscape. Daily Urban Systems are usually defined and measured by the strength of commuter or shopper flows between the nodes of the system. It is important to realize that these Daily Urban Systems are the accumulated pattern of individuals making frequent, recurring trips to other localities than their own. Understanding the microeconomic decisions behind these spatial interactions will help in assessing the functional and spatial structure of DUS. In this paper is explored how, based on Dutch empirical data, the individual household&#x2019;s spatial interactions shape the daily urban system and how the destination of these interactions correlates with personal and spatial variables and motives for interaction. The results show that the occurrence of non-local spatial interactions can be explained by the size-based Christallerian hierarchy of the localities of residence, but that it is the regional population &#x2013; or market potential &#x2013; that explains and moderates the sorting of households and the intensity and direction of their spatial interactions in the DUS, matching agglomeration theory.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 106-125
Issue: 1
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1524454
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1524454
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Seher Demet Kap Y&#xFC;cel
Author-X-Name-First: Seher Demet
Author-X-Name-Last: Kap Y&#xFC;cel
Author-Name: Gizem Aks&#xFC;mer
Author-X-Name-First: Gizem
Author-X-Name-Last: Aks&#xFC;mer
Title: Urban morphological change in the case of Selcuk, Turkey: A mixed-methods approach
Abstract: 
 The purpose of this article is comparatively to determine changes in the urban morphology of the city of Selcuk in Izmir province, Turkey, using quantitative and qualitative methods, specifically cartographic redrawing and commented walk. Using two different methods makes it possible to include the human factor, which has not been studied extensively in the urban morphology literature. In the first section, the two methods are discussed in detail. Regarding cartographic redrawing, the 1897 map and aerial photographs of the area were used. For the qualitative part of the study, commented walks were carried out with 15 people. The city&#x2019;s morphological development can be divided into five historical periods from 1897 onwards, with the findings showing that the findings obtained by combining two different methods complement each other. Moreover, small-scale changes in form and function, which could not be revealed in detail by quantitative methods, were identified through the commented walks. These small changes have affected Selcuk&#x2019;s citizens at least as much as the large-scale changes.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 126-159
Issue: 1
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1515179
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1515179
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Magdalena G&#xF3;rczy&#x144;ska
Author-X-Name-First: Magdalena
Author-X-Name-Last: G&#xF3;rczy&#x144;ska
Author-Name: Przemys&#x142;aw &#x15A;leszy&#x144;ski
Author-X-Name-First: Przemys&#x142;aw
Author-X-Name-Last: &#x15A;leszy&#x144;ski
Author-Name: Michael A. Niedzielski
Author-X-Name-First: Michael A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Niedzielski
Title: Impact of property rights and ownership on the development of Warsaw&#x2019;s contemporary city centre
Abstract: 
 The paper raises the problem of the impact of unregulated property and ownership rights on the development of the city centre. It applies to Warsaw as a post-socialist city that has recorded fast economic growth since the country&#x2019;s communist regime collapsed in 1989. We follow the course of changes in the city centre of Warsaw, in particular, those pertaining to land use and high-rise buildings for office use as investments that encounter difficulties under the unregulated status of construction sites and lack of clear regulations for private property restitution that was nationalized under socialism. To describe and explain the difficulties, we provide data showing the location of large companies and office buildings, and examples of conflicts as well. Unregulated ownership issues and property rights weigh on Warsaw&#x2019;s city centre, now vastly dispersing and gravitating westwards, and prevent the district from rational and effective development.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 160-180
Issue: 1
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1531975
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1531975
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Neboj&#x161;a &#x10C;amprag
Author-X-Name-First: Neboj&#x161;a
Author-X-Name-Last: &#x10C;amprag
Title: Re-imagineering Belgrade and Skopje: urban megaprojects between politics and struggle
Abstract: 
 This comparative study on the urban re-imagineering performed through large-scale urban refurbishment focuses on the specific post-socialist and post-conflict contexts of former Yugoslavia. Through the analysis of legislative and planning documents, expert interviews, reports, and media coverage, this study shows how initiatives for the implementation of grandiloquent urban megaprojects (UMP) in the capital cities of Serbia and Macedonia became extreme examples of national image reconstruction, carried out through autocratic state-led interventions that disregarded public input. The two main insights that the study provides classify these cases as rather particular in the European framework. First, the national governments have played a decisive role in conceiving entrepreneurial strategies for national rebranding through urban re-imagineering of its capital cities. Second, this politically orchestrated processes advanced through non-transparent decision-making, in spite of the rising opposition by the civic alliances. In conclusion, autocratic implementation of UMPs in the urban contexts of the Yugoslavian successor states played out much more forcefully, overriding the imperative to satisfy genuine public interest.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 181-200
Issue: 1
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1545011
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1545011
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Lukavec
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Lukavec
Author-Name: Petr Kola&#x159;&#xED;k
Author-X-Name-First: Petr
Author-X-Name-Last: Kola&#x159;&#xED;k
Title: Residential property disparities in city districts in Prague, Czech Republic
Abstract: 
 City districts are often classified as &#x2018;rich&#x2019; or &#x2018;poor,&#x2019; a phenomenon that occurs within cities all over the world. While income inequality, wealth inequality, and other kinds of social inequality are frequently tracked, there is a surprising lack of research concentrating on how social inequality manifests as differences between parts of cities, especially outside of the U.S. That is mostly due to insufficient available data. In this paper, we propose a methodology for measuring the relative inequality between city districts by using the average prices of residential properties in various parts of the city, and assessing their relative difference. This approach has several advantages, as property listings are often readily available even in cities where income data is not. This methodology has potential for measuring developments in inequality in a much wider range of cities. As a proof of concept, we apply this methodology to property prices in Prague during the period 2003&#x2013;2012 to identify a trend of either growing or decreasing inequality among individual parts of the city. We have found that during this period the disparity has grown only 5.97%, which means the overall growth of disparity between the city districts was negligible.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 201-217
Issue: 1
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1545010
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1545010
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jesper Manniche
Author-X-Name-First: Jesper
Author-X-Name-Last: Manniche
Author-Name: Bjørnar Sæther
Author-X-Name-First: Bjørnar
Author-X-Name-Last: Sæther
Title: Emerging Nordic food approaches
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1101-1110
Issue: 7
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1327036
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1327036
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Henrik Halkier
Author-X-Name-First: Henrik
Author-X-Name-Last: Halkier
Author-Name: Laura James
Author-X-Name-First: Laura
Author-X-Name-Last: James
Author-Name: Egil Petter Stræte
Author-X-Name-First: Egil Petter
Author-X-Name-Last: Stræte
Title: Quality turns in Nordic food: a comparative analysis of specialty food in Denmark, Norway and Sweden
Abstract: 
 This article compares the development of specialty food in Denmark, Norway and Sweden using a number of quantitative indicators as well as a qualitative analysis of government policy. The analysis shows that specialty food has increased in importance in all three countries over the last twenty years, but there are important differences in the kind of specialty food that has developed and the nature of government intervention and governance structures. Overall, Sweden appears to have the largest production of specialty food and drink and is particularly strong in organic production and consumption, farm processing and farm shops. Norway has a large number of products with protected origin and also leads in the number of farmers’ markets. Denmark lags behind the other countries on most indicators, but has witnessed the fastest growth in microbreweries over the last five years. Theoretically, the article challenges the ‘negative’ definition of specialty food as ‘non-industrial’ or ‘alternative’, and suggests a more nuanced approach. Empirically, it points towards the possible existence of a ‘Scandinavian model’ of specialty food governance with extensive interaction between central government, local government and private firms to stimulate the growth of specialty food.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1111-1128
Issue: 7
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1261805
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1261805
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jacob von Oelreich
Author-X-Name-First: Jacob
Author-X-Name-Last: von Oelreich
Author-Name: Rebecka Milestad
Author-X-Name-First: Rebecka
Author-X-Name-Last: Milestad
Title: Sustainability transformations in the balance: exploring Swedish initiatives challenging the corporate food regime
Abstract: 
 This paper explores to what extent organic initiatives that go beyond mainstream organic (so-called Organic 3.0) can challenge the corporate food regime and how they can push the food system towards sustainability transformations. We depart from the assumption that individual initiatives may differ in their potential to influence the corporate food regime and that this potential can be assessed by examining traits linked to reformist, progressive or radical food regime/food movement trends that they may possess. Rather than establishing a dichotomy between niche and food regime or categorizing Organic 3.0 initiatives within one of these trends, we explore the nuances in niche–regime relationships within the food system from a multi-level perspective, using the cases of two Organic 3.0 initiatives in Sweden. The results show that relations between these initiatives and the food regime share key characteristics, but also differ in important respects. While a reformist strategy facilitates niche growth, progressive and radical approaches are more likely to challenge the regime. The choice of approach in both cases involves trade-offs between growth and organic values. We conclude that one of the primary roles of Organic 3.0 initiatives may be to illustrate the viability of alternative models.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1129-1146
Issue: 7
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1270908
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1270908
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gunn-Turid Kvam
Author-X-Name-First: Gunn-Turid
Author-X-Name-Last: Kvam
Author-Name: Hilde Bjørkhaug
Author-X-Name-First: Hilde
Author-X-Name-Last: Bjørkhaug
Author-Name: Ann-Charlott Pedersen
Author-X-Name-First: Ann-Charlott
Author-X-Name-Last: Pedersen
Title: How relationships can influence an organic firm’s network identity
Abstract: 
 A main challenge when organic food actors cooperate with conventional food actors is to maintain their identity in the relationship. In this paper, we analyse such a relationship through the use of the industrial marketing and purchasing perspective (IMP). The aim is to increase knowledge about changes in relationships that occur through growth processes and about how new relationships influence the identity of a quality-oriented firm. We use a case-study method when examining the relationship between the organic Røros Dairy and the retail chain Coop, and its effects on relationships within the dairy network. Results show that the focal relationship influences, and in turn is influenced by, the dairy’s network. Because of the dairy’s strong identity that preceded its formal cooperation with Coop, as well as its reputation for quality production and continuous product development, the dairy has strengthened its position in the network. We conclude that the IMP perspective contributes a valuable framework in this study of an organic food network. For business managers, our results highlight the importance of considering possible effects of relationships on the identity one would want to convey.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1147-1165
Issue: 7
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1270909
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1270909
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:25:y:2017:i:7:p:1147-1165




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Martin Hvarregaard Thorsøe
Author-X-Name-First: Martin Hvarregaard
Author-X-Name-Last: Thorsøe
Author-Name: Chris Kjeldsen
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Kjeldsen
Author-Name: Egon Noe
Author-X-Name-First: Egon
Author-X-Name-Last: Noe
Title: It’s never too late to join the revolution! – Enabling new modes of production in the contemporary Danish food system
Abstract: 
 The Danish food system has undergone a transition in the past 10–20 years, in which new quality conventions have evolved. Examples include increasing organic production and consumption, and increasing interest in local food, experience, community, taste and gastronomy. This article explores what influences if and how these new food trends are expressed in the food system. We conduct a comparative case study involving three product categories: craft beer, specialty flour and organic broilers. Craft beer and specialty flour have undergone a revolution, in which new flavours, products, practices and social relations are generated; by contrast, organic broilers have remained a relatively stable product category. The case studies demonstrate that the revolution is not just taking place in one domain, but it implies a multidimensional reconfiguration of the food system where an emphasis on multiple quality aspects and diversification of the product category is important. However, food trends are not the invention of the individual producer, but serve as common conventions that products can be related to, although their interpretation is not pre-given. In addition, a transition presupposes a shared vision and a coordination of activities among the actors in the food system or the mobilization of new actors who share this vision.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1166-1183
Issue: 7
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1267112
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1267112
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:25:y:2017:i:7:p:1166-1183




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lena Mossberg
Author-X-Name-First: Lena
Author-X-Name-Last: Mossberg
Author-Name: Dorthe Eide
Author-X-Name-First: Dorthe
Author-X-Name-Last: Eide
Title: Storytelling and meal experience concepts
Abstract: 
 The aim of this study is to explore how storytelling with local and regional origin can be used to develop meal experience concepts in restaurants. Focus is on Nordic food from the perspective of the experience economy. The first goal is to analyse the transformation of menus into experience concepts and dining areas into experiencescapes. The second goal is to investigate if storytelling activities in restaurants can lead to destination development. It is also reflected upon if meal experience storytelling in restaurants has implications for consumers’ everyday food consumption. Three cases in Sweden and Norway with different storytelling strategies are selected. In all these cases, the stories are unique, the places are linked to the stories and the personnel take part in the storytelling activities. The stories are easy to communicate and easy for the target group to connect to. The menus are linked to the story and are all based on local Nordic food culture and local food products. The menus are set and offered in experiencescapes that in various ways fit the stories. The concepts have contributed to the destinations with more visitors, more collaboration among businesses and increased media attention.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1184-1199
Issue: 7
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1276156
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1276156
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:25:y:2017:i:7:p:1184-1199




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Szilvia Gyimóthy
Author-X-Name-First: Szilvia
Author-X-Name-Last: Gyimóthy
Title: The reinvention of terroir in Danish food place promotion
Abstract: 
 This paper conceptualizes place branding narratives that mobilize local food and contemporary gastronomic trends by revisiting the notion of terroir (taste of place) as a strategic marketing asset. In particular, it explores how rural tourism destinations with little or no gastronomic heritage exploit the discourses of New Nordic Food to create a distinct sense of place. An extensive review of the literature identifies two conservationist strategies by which terroir narratives are constructed (accreditation and patrimonialization), neither of which fully captures the particular rhetorical approaches shaping the Nordic terroir. Drawing on empirical illustrations from Danish rural destinations, the paper argues that terroir can be reproduced and invented through manipulative rhetorical approaches and identifies two novel, transformational strategies framing terroir narratives (exoticizing and enterprising). The paper contributes with a conceptual model conceived through a unique combination of place-specific (typicality) themes and market-specific ideologies, which has the explanatory power to distinguish Nordic terroir narratives from earlier articulations of taste of place.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1200-1216
Issue: 7
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1281229
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1281229
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:25:y:2017:i:7:p:1200-1216




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alda Avdic Alagic
Author-X-Name-First: Alda Avdic
Author-X-Name-Last: Alagic
Author-Name: Luuk Boelens
Author-X-Name-First: Luuk
Author-X-Name-Last: Boelens
Author-Name: Marc Glaudemans
Author-X-Name-First: Marc
Author-X-Name-Last: Glaudemans
Title: Emergence of a region. Exploring the role of spatial planning in the emergence of high-tech region ELAt using assemblage and actor-network theory
Abstract: 
 Regions or regional development have not only gained importance in spatial planning, but also got fuzzy meanings. Originally regions refer to a specific geographical demarcated area, often with an inductive historic or cultural meaning. In the meantime, in our networked world, the concept also refers to transport regions based on models of daily urban systems, or functional regions based on distinctive urban or social functions. Within the post-industrial era, the concept also gained importance as economic regions. In this paper, we will explore how regional concepts emerge out of specific economic interest concerning technological innovation. We will focus on a cross-border municipal case, for example, the triangle Eindhoven–Leuven–Aachen. With the help of the assemblage and actor-network theory, we will show how the identity of regions is translated by evolving actor-networks, and how these actor-networks are influenced and adapted by those alternating regional identities themselves. From these insights, we will come up with some ideas and propositions how regional planning could play an important role within these co-evolving processes.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1217-1236
Issue: 7
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1317720
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1317720
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:25:y:2017:i:7:p:1217-1236




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xosé Martínez-Filgueira
Author-X-Name-First: Xosé
Author-X-Name-Last: Martínez-Filgueira
Author-Name: David Peón
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Peón
Author-Name: Edelmiro López-Iglesias
Author-X-Name-First: Edelmiro
Author-X-Name-Last: López-Iglesias
Title: Intra-rural divides and regional planning: an analysis of a traditional emigration region (Galicia, Spain)
Abstract: 
 The depopulation process of rural areas in Europe during the last decades is widespread. However, in many regions, this performance is largely an inheritance from past migration and the drag it causes in terms of an ageing population structure. Removing the inertial effects of past migration, we may find a much greater diversity in the current demographic dynamics of rural areas. We analyse the case of Galicia, a NUTS-2 region in Spain that represents a paradigmatic case of traditional emigration. We remove the drag from past migration to obtain the population performance of rural counties once the effects of that inertia were removed, and interpret the results. The analysis works as a descriptive tool: refined data help to identify which rural areas, however they continue to lose population, are being able to slow down or even revert the processes of depopulation inherited from the past. Finally, we explore possible explanations for such better performance, verifying that this is mainly related to key factors in regional planning and development such as the proximity to urban nodes and the quality of connections.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1237-1255
Issue: 7
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1319465
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1319465
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:25:y:2017:i:7:p:1237-1255




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Ángeles Sanfiel-Fumero
Author-X-Name-First: M. Ángeles
Author-X-Name-Last: Sanfiel-Fumero
Author-Name: Yaiza Armas-Cruz
Author-X-Name-First: Yaiza
Author-X-Name-Last: Armas-Cruz
Author-Name: Olga González-Morales
Author-X-Name-First: Olga
Author-X-Name-Last: González-Morales
Title: Sustainability of the tourist supply chain and governance in an insular biosphere reserve destination: the perspective of tourist accommodation
Abstract: 
 Small islands in peripheral regions are currently perceived as attractive tourist destinations. Governance plays an important role as a strategy for the revival of such destinations to achieve a more productive, environmental, social and sustainable management structure. ‘Good’ governance of a destination depends on all the actors involved in the tourism network. Such governance requires a redefinition of relations between government and society and minimal boundaries between public and private sectors. This paper has analysed the level of implementation of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in a tourist destination that is a biosphere reserve (BR), the island of Fuerteventura (Canary Islands, Spain), from a comprehensive approach involving a tourism supply chain (TSC) with private and public agents. The focal firms analysed within the TSC have been tourist accommodation establishments in Fuerteventura. The paper shows that the level of involvement of tourist accommodation in CSR is positive. However, this involvement is not sufficiently high to meet the requirements of a destination designated as a BR. Therefore, coordination policies should be developed that promote governance systems and further enhance sustainability in the destination.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1256-1274
Issue: 7
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1319466
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1319466
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:25:y:2017:i:7:p:1256-1274




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stig-Erik Jakobsen
Author-X-Name-First: Stig-Erik
Author-X-Name-Last: Jakobsen
Author-Name: Arnt Fløysand
Author-X-Name-First: Arnt
Author-X-Name-Last: Fløysand
Author-Name: John Overton
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Overton
Title: Expanding the field of Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) – from responsible research to responsible innovation
Abstract: 
 In the last decade, Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) has earned a prominent position in policy spheres by offering forward-looking approaches and a framework for reflecting on the societal impact of research and innovation. Nevertheless, RRI remains an immature and relatively narrow area of inquiry, with a top-down approach and guided by standardized principles. Further, the field lacks focus on how researchers, firms and other actors actually perform responsible research and innovation. By unveiling the heterogeneity of responsibility practice, this special issue broadens RRI’s scope in two ways. First, by expanding RRI’s narrow focus on the research processes towards an approach that also takes into account how new knowledge and new ideas are becoming research-based innovations in society. Second, by including a wider spectrum of responsible innovation processes, and not only those that are research-driven. This special issue includes 10 investigations of heterogeneous responsible innovation practices that cross sectors and regions. Using the lessons these contributions teach, we close the issue with suggestions for a new multidimensional, multi-scale avenue for RRI.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2329-2343
Issue: 12
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1667617
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1667617
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:27:y:2019:i:12:p:2329-2343




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dieter Rehfeld
Author-X-Name-First: Dieter
Author-X-Name-Last: Rehfeld
Title: Responsible research and innovation (RRI) and regional innovation studies (RIS) – reflecting on the normative aspects
Abstract: 
 The European approach of responsible research and innovation (RRI) placed the normative aspect of social science on the agenda of academic discussion. From a strategic viewpoint, RRI is an attempt to integrate quality criteria in the rising field of applied science. The point of reference is the societal impact that contributes to cope with the grand societal challenges. In this paper, RRI is discussed against the background of experience in applied research. The focus is on the substantial and procedural aspects of the normative base of regional innovation studies (RIS). Further on, the relationship between basic research and applied research is discussed and illustrated by a case study. In thematic terms the paper addresses a specific research topic (RIS), a certain societal background (strengthening the regional level in politics and economy), and a mode of applied research in social science that produces knowledge hand in hand with contractors and/or societal actors.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2344-2358
Issue: 12
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1667308
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1667308
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:27:y:2019:i:12:p:2344-2358




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elvira Uyarra
Author-X-Name-First: Elvira
Author-X-Name-Last: Uyarra
Author-Name: Barbara Ribeiro
Author-X-Name-First: Barbara
Author-X-Name-Last: Ribeiro
Author-Name: Lisa Dale-Clough
Author-X-Name-First: Lisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Dale-Clough
Title: Exploring the normative turn in regional innovation policy: responsibility and the quest for public value
Abstract: 
 The perceived ineffectiveness of traditional innovation policies in solving societal challenges such as poverty, ageing, climate change as well as problems of regional economic restructuring has motivated a recent ‘normative turn’ in innovation policy. This has shifted the debate on the rationales for intervention from market and system failures to accommodate more transformative views but also other approaches rooted in the notion of public value and has led innovation scholars to question not just the how and how much of innovation but also key issues of directionality, legitimacy and responsibility. By engaging the processes through which actors ‘know, investigate and perform innovation’, we argue that the concept of responsible research and innovation (RRI) offers a potentially useful lens for re-casting our understanding of innovation-related decision making. We apply RRI to assessing the opportunities and challenges of public procurement as an instrument of challenge-oriented and transformative innovation policy. More specifically, we look at how local authorities in the UK are using the Social Value Act to define priorities and articulate demand around social, environmental and community needs as well as coordinate different processes and actors, policy levers and processes.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2359-2375
Issue: 12
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1609425
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1609425
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:27:y:2019:i:12:p:2359-2375




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Philip Cooke
Author-X-Name-First: Philip
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke
Title: Responsible research and innovation? From FinTech’s ‘flash crash’ at Cermak to digitech’s Willow Campus and Quayside
Abstract: 
 Contemporary innovation destroys more value than it creates by three effects. First it mimics already existing basic technologies (phone, camera, directory, games) adding little value but displacing while disrupting existing services. Second, it exploits human rights to security, privacy and truthful reportage without seriously regulated or legislated accountability. Third, social media – the main offender – takes prodigious profits at huge social cost, by facilitating the grooming of terrorists, vulnerable persons and enabling varieties of criminality; it feloniously steals private property, notably human identities for advertising revenue; and it facilitates dissemination of fake news, research and propaganda. To parody Mark Zuckerberg’s injunction to his company’s corporate mission and its achievement of ‘monopoly advantage’ the company was, until recently, officially driven to ‘move fast and break things’ (i.e. the law).
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2376-2393
Issue: 12
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1556610
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1556610
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:27:y:2019:i:12:p:2376-2393




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: M. Ángeles Piñeiro-Antelo
Author-X-Name-First: M. Ángeles
Author-X-Name-Last: Piñeiro-Antelo
Author-Name: Rubén C. Lois-González
Author-X-Name-First: Rubén C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Lois-González
Title: The role of European fisheries funds for innovation and regional development in Galicia (Spain)
Abstract: 
 Social innovations are recognized as a pillar of sustainable rural development processes and are strongly conditioned by territorial capabilities. The objective of this study is to analyze the social innovations that have arisen in the coastal community of Lira (Galicia, Spain) since the early 2000s to provide a better understanding of the role of European fisheries policy on regional and local development. This study shows that the social innovations related to shared fishery resources management in protected areas, new tourism products linked to maritime heritage, or empowerment of women’s work in shellfish farming, were strongly conditioned by the volume of public funds invested in the community. They have provided progress that needs to be consolidated through reinforcing the capabilities of fisheries local action group (FLAG) structures, which have become examples of social innovation that strengthen the RRI paradigm. Nevertheless, the FLAGs must overcome limiting factors, such as the resistance to change from the local community, the difficulty in integrating the weakest actors or regional and local governments’ attempts to control the decision-making bodies of the FLAG.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2394-2410
Issue: 12
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1635996
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1635996
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:27:y:2019:i:12:p:2394-2410




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Svein Gunnar Sjøtun
Author-X-Name-First: Svein Gunnar
Author-X-Name-Last: Sjøtun
Author-Name: Rune Njøs
Author-X-Name-First: Rune
Author-X-Name-Last: Njøs
Title: Green reorientation of clusters and the role of policy: ‘the normative’ and ‘the neutral’ route
Abstract: 
 Cluster theory and cluster policy have lacked a focus on how to achieve ‘directionality’ in cluster evolution, and the literature lacks discussions regarding how to achieve green reorientation of clusters and how policy can support this. In contributing towards this gap, we argue for a more thorough integration of Evolutionary Economic Geography (EEG) and Transition Studies (TS), two frameworks that separately have been applied extensively in studies of technological and industrial change. We draw on a discussion of Technology–Organization–Discourse (TOD) dynamics in exemplifying how EEG and TS can inform cluster theory and policy. Empirically, we investigate how cluster strategies are linked to differentiated TOD dynamics by examining Norwegian cluster policy and the strategic responses of facilitators of a petroleum, a marine, and a maritime cluster in Western Norway. We identify two ‘routes’ to reorientation of clusters – a ‘neutral’ and a ‘normative’ route – and argue that the investigated cluster projects have, as a matter of differentiated TOD dynamics, taken different stances towards green reorientation. Furthermore, we argue that cluster theory and policy should take into consideration that several policy domains influence these dynamics, not just cluster policy.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2411-2430
Issue: 12
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1630370
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1630370
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:27:y:2019:i:12:p:2411-2430




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Overton
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Overton
Author-Name: Warwick E. Murray
Author-X-Name-First: Warwick E.
Author-X-Name-Last: Murray
Author-Name: Kelle Howson
Author-X-Name-First: Kelle
Author-X-Name-Last: Howson
Title: Doing good by drinking wine? Ethical value networks and upscaling of wine production in Australia, New Zealand and South Africa
Abstract: 
 There has been a rise in recent decades of consumer campaigns to promote more ethically responsible food and consumer goods production. These campaigns have spanned movements such as fair trade, food miles and organics. They have evoked significant if uneven response from producers and some government agencies. These responses, seen in changes to production methods, ownership structures, distribution systems and marketing have involved new ways of thinking and operating and can be regarded as interesting forms of Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI). Adopting combined sectoral and locality case study perspectives, this paper examines the example of the wine industry in a number of production locations (South Africa, Australia and New Zealand) and analyses how ethically responsible values of justice (fair trade), sustainability (organic production) and provenance (Geographical Indications) have been translated into forms of industrial innovation embodied and perpetuated through and in ‘ethical value networks’.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2431-2449
Issue: 12
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1628181
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1628181
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: José Luis Sánchez-Hernández
Author-X-Name-First: José Luis
Author-X-Name-Last: Sánchez-Hernández
Author-Name: Johannes Glückler
Author-X-Name-First: Johannes
Author-X-Name-Last: Glückler
Title: Alternative economic practices in Spanish cities: from grassroots movements to urban policies? An institutional perspective
Abstract: 
 Alternative economic practices (AEPs) challenge capitalism and have flourished in Spain since 2008, when the economic, social, and political crisis severely hit the country. Cities are the principal places in which these practices are developing because unemployment, poverty, and foreclosures quickly rose in urban areas between 2008 and 2015. After the local election in 2015, left-wing coalitions took office in the major Spanish cities. These new governments replaced the former neoliberal and pro-growth coalitions and assumed the promotion for alternative economic modes of coordination as a part of their political agendas and new regulations. This article draws on institutional theory to frame the locally contingent outcomes of the interaction between alternative institutions and formal regulation in six Spanish cities. Empirically, we found that comprehensive plans by local authorities to enhance AEPs led to mutual reinforcement of regulations and institutions in Madrid and Barcelona. In contrast, institutions of AEPs in Oviedo, Valencia, and Valladolid substituted for the absence of regulatory response. Finally, Salamanca illustrates the case of competition between AEP institutions and local regulations, which even worked to replace AEPs.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2450-2469
Issue: 12
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1644295
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1644295
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:27:y:2019:i:12:p:2450-2469




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Raj Kumar Thapa
Author-X-Name-First: Raj Kumar
Author-X-Name-Last: Thapa
Author-Name: Tatiana Iakovleva
Author-X-Name-First: Tatiana
Author-X-Name-Last: Iakovleva
Author-Name: Lene Foss
Author-X-Name-First: Lene
Author-X-Name-Last: Foss
Title: Responsible research and innovation: a systematic review of the literature and its applications to regional studies
Abstract: 
 While innovation should be about socioeconomic transformation of society, concerns have been raised about its negative externalities including growing disparities within and between regions. Arguably, Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) offers a potential solution to address these concerns. However, in theory, its conceptualization and operationalization remain ambiguous. Further, in practice, this makes its application to regional development difficult. Accordingly, this study first conducts a systematic literature review of conceptual papers on RRI. It identifies themes and categorizes them into four domains: drivers, tools, outcomes and barriers. Second, these domains are applied to regional innovation studies. The paper contributes to an increased understanding of RRI and its applications to sustainable regional development as well as how RRI and regional innovation studies can benefit from each other.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2470-2490
Issue: 12
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1625871
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1625871
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:27:y:2019:i:12:p:2470-2490




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul Benneworth
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Benneworth
Author-Name: Verena Schulze-Greiving
Author-X-Name-First: Verena
Author-X-Name-Last: Schulze-Greiving
Author-Name: Kornelia Konrad
Author-X-Name-First: Kornelia
Author-X-Name-Last: Konrad
Title: Knowledge bases and responsibility within regional innovation systems: reflections from the Twente region
Abstract: 
 Increasing public investments in distributed platform infrastructures created new opportunities for economic growth and social welfare but simultaneously were associated with growing societal distrust in science’s power to solve societal problems. The concept of Responsible Research and Innovation was advanced as providing mechanisms to recouple science and society ensuring that research and innovation continues to uphold its societal duties. In this paper, we explore the extent to which it is possible to identify repertoires of responsible innovation behaviour within extant regional research and innovation networks through the way that these innovation networks draw on informal regional innovation resources. We distinguish two kinds of regional innovation network, those based on primarily synthetic knowledge bases, and those based on primarily analytic knowledge bases, in the eHealth sector where there are substantive societal concerns regarding responsibility and innovation. We contend it appears that the coupling of patients to innovation networks through their prior association with innovators (e.g. as patients) affects the scope for responsibility. We therefore contend that more attention is required for understanding the dynamics of citizen-innovator coupling in regional innovation networks if responsibility is to become a more common systemic property.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2491-2509
Issue: 12
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1635086
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1635086
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:27:y:2019:i:12:p:2491-2509




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan R. Barton
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Barton
Author-Name: Álvaro Román
Author-X-Name-First: Álvaro
Author-X-Name-Last: Román
Author-Name: Johannes Rehner
Author-X-Name-First: Johannes
Author-X-Name-Last: Rehner
Title: Responsible research and innovation (RRI) in Chile: from a neostructural productivist imperative to sustainable regional development?
Abstract: 
 This paper addresses the nature of Chilean investment in science, research and innovation and how this feeds into a broader narrative of productivist versus regional development, with a particular focus on natural resources. The concept of neostructuralism is employed to describe this productivist public sector support for investment in science and policy in relation to socio-economic and environmental research. Against this productivist perspective, a responsible research and innovation (RRI) approach is highlighted which is characterized by contextual, geographical relevance rather than generic solutions: sustainable regional development. Examples are drawn from mining and aquaculture to provide sectoral detail of this productivist logic: the case of mining reveals the focus on generating a cluster while the dimensions of indigenous conflicts and water stress are left to critical social sciences, while aquaculture provides examples of state support for aquaculture promotion with comparatively little investment in impact studies and conflicts. The conclusions point to a strong bias in science and development policy towards product innovation and the protagonism of the private sector allied with science policy support, while sustainable regional development and the role of the decentralized public sector is relegated to a more marginal field of ‘critical’ research.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2510-2532
Issue: 12
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1658719
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1658719
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Helene Simoni
Author-X-Name-First: Helene
Author-X-Name-Last: Simoni
Author-Name: Eleni Georgoudaki
Author-X-Name-First: Eleni
Author-X-Name-Last: Georgoudaki
Title: The University of Patras, Greece, its city, and international students: insights from multiple cartographic perspectives
Abstract: 
 In this paper the interactions among the city of Patras, the University of Patras and its temporary international students are examined with the use of cartographic tools such as GIS, cartograms and mental mapping. Distribution maps of the Erasmus international agreements of the university suggest that the cultural profile of the city influences the content of the international partnerships of the university and motivates exchange students from abroad. On the other hand, the provision of cultural courses and experiences on campus increases the international students’ attraction to and engagement with the city. The international students manage to acquire a sound understanding of the city within 3–4 months of stay and are able to express themselves and convey much information. Their perceptions are expressed in sketch or digital maps that they create. Their drawings, if further processed in the form of cartograms can be very informative, since they highlight the strengths and weaknesses of their life in the city and in particular the failures in urban planning. The results of this study can contribute to the upgrading of the urban cultural environment, and the enhancement of the university internationalization strategy, while maximizing the international students’ satisfaction as agents of urban improvement.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 213-233
Issue: 2
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1632270
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1632270
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:28:y:2020:i:2:p:213-233




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eloïse Germain-Alamartine
Author-X-Name-First: Eloïse
Author-X-Name-Last: Germain-Alamartine
Author-Name: Saeed Moghadam-Saman
Author-X-Name-First: Saeed
Author-X-Name-Last: Moghadam-Saman
Title: Aligning doctoral education with local industrial employers’ needs: a comparative case study
Abstract: 
 Doctoral education was primarily designed to answer the human resources needs of academia. However, nowadays, increasing numbers of doctorate holders seek employment outside academia. Accordingly, doctoral education can be one of the means by which universities take part in the development of industry in their regions. This study explores whether and how doctoral-level skills are being adapted to the needs of local industrial employers in two different contexts. Two research and science parks situated next to research-intensive universities in Sweden and Spain were chosen as cases for an exploratory and comparative study. In these parks, local industrial employers conduct R&D activities that make them potentially attractive destinations for doctoral graduates. Similarities in the cases were found regarding the process of adaptation of doctoral education at the adjacent universities to meet the industrial employers’ needs in the parks. Discrepancies are also highlighted regarding stages of development, institutional settings, geography and culture. Implications for several stakeholders are formulated to improve the process analysed in the study concerning better alignment of doctoral education with industrial employers’ need for generic skills.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 234-254
Issue: 2
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1637401
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1637401
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Grzegorz Kwiatkowski
Author-X-Name-First: Grzegorz
Author-X-Name-Last: Kwiatkowski
Author-Name: Ove Oklevik
Author-X-Name-First: Ove
Author-X-Name-Last: Oklevik
Author-Name: Anne-Mette Hjalager
Author-X-Name-First: Anne-Mette
Author-X-Name-Last: Hjalager
Author-Name: Helene Maristuen
Author-X-Name-First: Helene
Author-X-Name-Last: Maristuen
Title: The assemblers of rural festivals: organizers, visitors and locals
Abstract: 
 The study aims to show how festivals might impact rural areas and how perceptions of festival impacts on rural areas diﬀer among key groups of festival assemblers (i.e. organizers, visitors, locals). By mobilizing the notion of placemaking, the study identiﬁes six dominant rural festival spinoﬀs (i.e. attraction, consolidation, promotion, transformation, reinvention, revitalization), thereby increasing the conceptual understanding of the role and value of festivals in the rural context. By applying a combination of three samples, the study provides evidence concerning the perception of diﬀerent festival eﬀects on host places depending on the evaluation group. The results show that festivals are meaningful events that might be strategically used to sustain, create and reinvent rural assets. Furthermore, the study oﬀers evidence that perceptions of festival spinoﬀs vary among groups of assemblers, whereas a direct association with festivals either by organization or participation strengthens a positive view of festival spinoﬀs. The results also demonstrate that festivals might be utilized by policy makers to empower local inhabitants, to promote rural assets and to perpetuate or reinvent somewhat forgotten rural traditions, habits and myths. The increased liveability of rural areas should in turn be used to counter rural decline and the outmigration of young people.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 255-272
Issue: 2
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1651829
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1651829
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mattijs van 't Hoff
Author-X-Name-First: Mattijs
Author-X-Name-Last: van 't Hoff
Author-Name: Ronald Wall
Author-X-Name-First: Ronald
Author-X-Name-Last: Wall
Title: Business districts: the spatial characteristics of FDI within cities
Abstract: 
 Many studies focus on the competitive characteristics of cities – such as accessibility, infrastructure, knowledge, creativity, institutions, face-to-face-contacts, tacit knowledge, and business interaction – and how these attract FDI, firms, and people. However, few studies focus on the spatial characteristics of urban clusters. In this study, knowledge-intensive FDI into 15 Northwestern European cities was explored. The FDI was geo-mapped at a district level, and the characteristics of these districts regarding proximity, functionality, urbanity and spatial quality were classified. The results revealed the spatial indicators that attract FDI in knowledge-intensive industrial activities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 273-295
Issue: 2
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1651830
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1651830
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marinka Lanne
Author-X-Name-First: Marinka
Author-X-Name-Last: Lanne
Author-Name: Outi Tuisku
Author-X-Name-First: Outi
Author-X-Name-Last: Tuisku
Author-Name: Helinä Melkas
Author-X-Name-First: Helinä
Author-X-Name-Last: Melkas
Author-Name: Marketta Niemelä
Author-X-Name-First: Marketta
Author-X-Name-Last: Niemelä
Title: My business or not? The perspective of technology companies on shifting towards care robotics
Abstract: 
 Many countries are investing in the development of robotic applications for health and elderly care services. Some care robots have already been commercialized, and new products are being prepared for future markets. However, generating profitable business from care robots is somewhat challenging and the business ecosystem is growing quite slowly. This paper focuses on emerging care robot business opportunities from the perspective of companies operating on the care technology field. Based on interviews of 10 companies and an online survey data of 13 companies, all from Finland, we highlight the potential and barriers in the care robot business, and suggest actions supporting the growing ecosystem. By using the service ecosystem framework, we describe the business enablers and challenges in a care robot context.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 296-318
Issue: 2
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1652249
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1652249
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tatjana Bennat
Author-X-Name-First: Tatjana
Author-X-Name-Last: Bennat
Author-Name: Rolf Sternberg
Author-X-Name-First: Rolf
Author-X-Name-Last: Sternberg
Title: Knowledge bases in German regions: what hinders combinatorial knowledge dynamics and how regional innovation policies may help
Abstract: 
 Due to the greater involvement of users and the co-creation of ideas with suppliers or other firms, innovation processes are increasingly based upon combinatorial knowledge. Thus, innovation is not restricted to research-and-development-driven, science-based knowledge, but is also the result of experiences and creative thinking. This has consequences for regional innovation policies because each knowledge type differs regarding policy requirements. Contributing to the under-researched topic of the barriers of combinatorial knowledge dynamics in practice, the aim of this paper was to guide government policies in transferring theoretical insights into a contemporary, place-based policy approach. In accordance with the knowledge base approach this paper clearly distinguishes between analytical knowledge, synthetic knowledge and symbolic knowledge. The analysis consists of in-depth interviews, conducted in two case-study regions in Germany. This paper deduces several local factors that have hampered combinatorial knowledge dynamics, and identifies obstacles that can only be overcome at the federal state or national levels.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 319-339
Issue: 2
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1656168
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1656168
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Agnieszka Szpak
Author-X-Name-First: Agnieszka
Author-X-Name-Last: Szpak
Author-Name: Robert Gawłowski
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Gawłowski
Author-Name: Joanna Modrzyńska
Author-X-Name-First: Joanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Modrzyńska
Author-Name: Paweł Modrzyński
Author-X-Name-First: Paweł
Author-X-Name-Last: Modrzyński
Title: Independent players or shadow compatriots. How did British cities deal with the Brexit process?
Abstract: 
 After the Brexit referendum in 2016, the United Kingdom has started the process of leaving the EU. In fact, it is not only a challenge for the British State but also for local governments and for British cities in particular. The aim of the article is to examine how the largest British cities have dealt with this process. We would like to check what the cities have done, in what way and what the current results are. In order to answer these questions we prepared a theoretical framework that helps us to distinguish different kinds of cities’ strategies. We conclude that cities have mostly dealt with the Brexit process on their own, focusing on information actions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 340-356
Issue: 2
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1656170
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1656170
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alia’a Amr
Author-X-Name-First: Alia’a
Author-X-Name-Last: Amr
Title: Re-centring peripheries along ring roads under a smart growth agenda: case studies of Espoo Innovation Garden and Vantaa Aviapolis in Finland
Abstract: 
 The study expands on the recent cluster-oriented smart growth vision in Greater Helsinki, Finland, and examines with two case studies the pertinent locational factor and locality-specific issues. The contemporary regional development tendencies of smart clustering have reframed place-making schemes with an aim of placing large concentrations of business activities on the periphery. The case studies of Espoo Innovation Garden and Vantaa Aviapolis draw on descriptive before-and-after analysis over a defined timeframe. The study addresses the formation and transformation of the spatial structure and its relative and relational qualities on an aggregated scale. It demonstrates the potential, challenges, tools, and strategies of the operating smart growth agenda generating spatial-economic competitiveness and attractiveness factors in these particular projects. The findings explain how the locational factor along ring roads parallel with the land-use management and former model of spatial and economic concentration and centralization are hampering the restructuring of new urban centralities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 357-379
Issue: 2
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1663794
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1663794
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sakura Yamamura
Author-X-Name-First: Sakura
Author-X-Name-Last: Yamamura
Author-Name: Paul Lassalle
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Lassalle
Title: Proximities and the emergence of regional industry: evidence of the liability of smallness in Malta
Abstract: 
 The interplays of different types of proximities are crucial to the emergence of new industries, including entrepreneurial ecosystems as pillar of the competitive advantage in regions. Though proximities can be advantageous, negative aspects on the economic development have also been discussed, leading to the discussion of the so-called proximity paradox. To better understand the effective functioning of these proximities, it must be concretized which institutional actors play a role, and how their collaboration and thus their proximity constellations contribute to the regional development. Based on empirical evidence of Malta, this paper operationalizes the different proximities types and conceptually investigates the different proximities between institutional actors in building a new regional industry, i.e. the gaming industry. The case of the Maltese gaming industry illustrates how regions with limited size and resource-scarcity, thus high proximities between actors (also prevalent in city-states and peripheral regions), can still defy the odds of the liability of smallness and, thus the proximity paradox. Results of this in-depth study shows how collaborative endeavour of proximate institutional actors can contribute to developing an effective entrepreneurial environment and the emergence of a new regional industry.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 380-399
Issue: 2
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1668915
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1668915
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Amonpat Poonjan
Author-X-Name-First: Amonpat
Author-X-Name-Last: Poonjan
Author-Name: Anne Nygaard Tanner
Author-X-Name-First: Anne Nygaard
Author-X-Name-Last: Tanner
Title: The role of regional contextual factors for science and technology parks: a conceptual framework
Abstract: 
 Literature on science and technology parks (STPs) lacks a systematic understanding of how regional contextual factors affect the performance of STPs. Most studies focus on park-internal factors and neglect the regional context and connections when evaluating STPs’ performance. This paper provides new insight on the role of regional factors for STPs by combining and discussing existing studies on STP performance with literature on regional innovation systems. We conduct an exploratory, systematic literature review of 64 papers that refer to park-external factors in their studies of STP performance. We identify five regional factors (university and research institutes, industrial structure, institutional settings, financial support and urbanization) and assess how these factors have been shown to play a role for STP performance in previous studies. Based on this review, the paper develops a comprehensive framework of how regional contextual factors influence the performance of STPs, which can be used in designing and/or improving STP-performance while taking regional characteristics and needs into consideration. We believe a dynamic and comprehensive understanding of these regional connections can help improve designs of STPs, and thereby their performance.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 400-420
Issue: 2
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1679093
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1679093
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Callum Ward
Author-X-Name-First: Callum
Author-X-Name-Last: Ward
Title: The new enclosure: the appropriation of land in neoliberal Britain
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 421-422
Issue: 2
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1694238
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1694238
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hung Hing Chan
Author-X-Name-First: Hung Hing
Author-X-Name-Last: Chan
Author-Name: Tai-Shan Hu
Author-X-Name-First: Tai-Shan
Author-X-Name-Last: Hu
Author-Name: Peilei Fan
Author-X-Name-First: Peilei
Author-X-Name-Last: Fan
Title: Social sustainability of urban regeneration led by industrial land redevelopment in Taiwan
Abstract: 
 Abandoned industrial sites, usually contaminated by hazardous substances, create social injustice in the surrounding communities. Redevelopment of industrial land has brought prospects of sustainable development to the communities that live in and around them. This research is to identify the critical factors facilitating urban regeneration and particularly social sustainability in Kaohsiung, an industrial city of Taiwan which experienced deindustrialization in recent decades, resulting in several abandoned industrial sites and decay of the adjacent urban communities. Two different industrial land redevelopment projects were examined; (1) Jhongdou Wetland Park, which focuses on environmental sustainability, and (2) Pier-2 Art Centre, which focuses on economic sustainability. Measured by the social sustainability indicators developed by the Oxford Institute for Sustainable Development and through findings from a questionnaire survey of community members, this study found that the redevelopment project of the Pier-2 Art Centre has a higher level of social sustainability than the Jhongdou Wetland Park, performing better in six out of nine themes. Critical dimensions resulting in the better performance in social sustainability of the Pier-2 Art Centre included rental affordability, heritage conservation, community image, cultural activity, community association, public space, local organization and higher accessibility to facility.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1245-1269
Issue: 7
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1577803
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1577803
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francisco Sergio Campos-Sánchez
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco Sergio
Author-X-Name-Last: Campos-Sánchez
Author-Name: Francisco Javier Abarca-Álvarez
Author-X-Name-First: Francisco Javier
Author-X-Name-Last: Abarca-Álvarez
Author-Name: Rafael Reinoso-Bellido
Author-X-Name-First: Rafael
Author-X-Name-Last: Reinoso-Bellido
Title: Assessment of open spaces in inland medium-sized cities of eastern Andalusia (Spain) through complementary approaches: spatial-configurational analysis and decision support
Abstract: 
 The benefits of urban open spaces for improving the quality of life and sustainability in cities are widely recognized. The functions they perform within the framework established by urban planning, as well as their metrics, are now more complex than in the past. It is convenient to develop methodologies for the evaluation of these spaces adapted to the present time to check their level of efficiency, which is useful in urban planning for the establishment of new urban open spaces. The aim of this study is to classify such spaces through a methodology that integrates spatial analysis, configuration analysis, and decision support so as to understand their complexity from a more advanced analytical perspective. In order to do this, a prior exploration of specific literature is carried out, which allows the characterization of the functions of urban open spaces by means of the corresponding analysis variables in a weighted manner. The integrated combination of these advanced tools is a step forward in achieving consistent and detailed results for urban open spaces. They perform their functions best in dense, central, equipped, accessible, connected, and easily walkable urban environments. In addition, future recommendations are provided.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1270-1290
Issue: 7
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1579302
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1579302
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kim Carlotta von Schönfeld
Author-X-Name-First: Kim Carlotta
Author-X-Name-Last: von Schönfeld
Author-Name: Wendy Tan
Author-X-Name-First: Wendy
Author-X-Name-Last: Tan
Author-Name: Carina Wiekens
Author-X-Name-First: Carina
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiekens
Author-Name: Willem Salet
Author-X-Name-First: Willem
Author-X-Name-Last: Salet
Author-Name: Leonie Janssen-Jansen
Author-X-Name-First: Leonie
Author-X-Name-Last: Janssen-Jansen
Title: Social learning as an analytical lens for co-creative planning
Abstract: 
 This article highlights the psychological dimension of social learning. Insights from psychology address the interrelated role of personal and group dynamics in social learning. This can provide a useful starting point for a rewarding use of social learning as an analytical tool in co-creative planning. Such an approach to social learning proves beneficial to (i) identify both positive and negative potential effects of social learning, (ii) untangle hidden power relationships at play at individual and small group levels in relation to social psychological factors, and (iii) discern the role of individuals and small groups within their larger contexts. The findings are empirically illustrated with a case of incremental urban development in Groningen, the Netherlands.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1291-1313
Issue: 7
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1579303
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1579303
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jairo Casares Blanco
Author-X-Name-First: Jairo
Author-X-Name-Last: Casares Blanco
Author-Name: Patricia Fernández-Aracil
Author-X-Name-First: Patricia
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández-Aracil
Author-Name: Armando Ortuño-Padilla
Author-X-Name-First: Armando
Author-X-Name-Last: Ortuño-Padilla
Title: Built environment and tourism as road safety determinants in Benidorm (Spain)
Abstract: 
 The rise in the number of urban road accidents is a challenge shared by all European cities, which seek to improve mobility while reducing transport problems. In recent years, urban road accidents in Spain have been constantly increasing and now account for a larger share of the total number of road accidents. This paper aims to analyse the impact of urban factors on road accidents. For this purpose, a small-scale analysis of land use and road infrastructure has been conducted in the town of Benidorm, one of the main tourist destinations in Spain. In addition, a regression analysis has been carried out using a Negative Binomial distribution. The results show that factors such as the level of mixed land uses, population density and road infrastructure are related to urban road accidents. The findings also reveal that tourism environments have a positive impact on pedestrian road safety. Small-scale analyses, particularly those related to exclusively-oriented environments, such as tourism developments, should be studied in detail in order to promote safety, liveability and sustainability in our cities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1314-1328
Issue: 7
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1579784
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1579784
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katja Udir Mišič
Author-X-Name-First: Katja Udir
Author-X-Name-Last: Mišič
Author-Name: Klement Podnar
Author-X-Name-First: Klement
Author-X-Name-Last: Podnar
Title: The role of resident-city identification in building residents’ city commitment
Abstract: 
 This paper examines how elements of perceived city marketing mix influence residents’ city identification and city commitment. The study also tests the role of resident-city identification in building residents’ city commitment. The research model, along with the hypotheses, are developed from the literature, and tested based on the data collected through a survey on a representative sample (residents of Ljubljana – capital city of Slovenia) of 402 respondents. Among the elements of city marketing mix, ‘City as a management system’ and ‘City as people’ have direct influence on city commitment, while the elements ‘City as people’ and ‘City as physical evidence’ have direct influence on city identification. The partly mediating role of city identification is also revealed between ‘City as people’ and ‘City commitment’. The paper also shows that city identification has the strongest influence on city commitment, as well as that both concepts are distinctive, and not theoretically interchangeable.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1329-1349
Issue: 7
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1580247
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1580247
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonne Hytönen
Author-X-Name-First: Jonne
Author-X-Name-Last: Hytönen
Author-Name: Toni Ahlqvist
Author-X-Name-First: Toni
Author-X-Name-Last: Ahlqvist
Title: Emerging vacuums of strategic planning: an exploration of reforms in Finnish spatial planning
Abstract: 
 The paper offers a theory-based evaluation of the ongoing reforms in the Finnish spatial planning regime. The paper argues that Finnish planning is moving in a reactive and market-driven direction. This development is not being brought about solely through a direct decrease in public discretionary powers in planning, but is also unfolding indirectly through a process of rescaling in the spatial planning regime. These processes increase municipal autonomy in relation to other planning scales, despite problems observed in the municipality-centred market-driven planning orientation. The resulting reduction in manoeuvring room in public planning is conceptualized in the paper as expanding vacuums of strategic planning. Building on concepts from the literature on state transformation theory and scale theory, the paper draws together theoretical and empirical conclusions from several case studies conducted in close-to-administration projects.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1350-1368
Issue: 7
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1580248
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1580248
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Donato Di Ludovico
Author-X-Name-First: Donato
Author-X-Name-Last: Di Ludovico
Author-Name: Federico D’Ascanio
Author-X-Name-First: Federico
Author-X-Name-Last: D’Ascanio
Title: European cross-scale spatial planning and territorial frames in the Italian Median Macroregion
Abstract: 
 This article describes the preliminary outcome of interdisciplinary research that arises from a study by the Italian Ministry of Infrastructures and Transport and the Abruzzo Region (IT) on local development processes in central Italy, and specifically in the Median Macroregion, whose results have been extended to European context. It concerns the European spatial planning, specifically the study of an original interpretative model of European space, called Territorial Frames – TFs, a particular multi-scale infrastructural mesh that connects the ‘local’ territories with ‘global’ ones and that can represent the activating element of processes and policies of spatial development of settlements, of processes of valorization of the productive, naturalistic and landscape sectors. This new model interfaces with the territorial reticular component through the concept of polycentrism, also projecting evolution, and with that of the governance of development projects, using the potential of European Macroregions. The main objective of the research is to feed the topic of spatial planning, oriented to the integration between territories through a cross-scale approach, and to the activation of new processes of sustainable territorial development, with reference to the economically disadvantaged inner areas in a context of Macroregional governance.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1369-1390
Issue: 7
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1581729
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1581729
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:27:y:2019:i:7:p:1369-1390




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tong Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Tong
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Jan Kazak
Author-X-Name-First: Jan
Author-X-Name-Last: Kazak
Author-Name: Qi Han
Author-X-Name-First: Qi
Author-X-Name-Last: Han
Author-Name: Bauke de Vries
Author-X-Name-First: Bauke
Author-X-Name-Last: de Vries
Title: A framework for path-dependent industrial land transition analysis using vector data
Abstract: 
 Industrial land is under transition globally. Insights into this transition are important to plan a sustainable future. Since industrial land follows parcel shapes and the transition process requires multi-year data to observe the impacts of such changes, multi-year vector data should be used to analyse industrial land transition. This paper presents a framework to analyse path-dependent regional industrial land transition processes using vector data. A step by step instruction is presented. In the analysis, the changed percentages of land use in the surroundings of appeared or disappeared industrial land are visualized. The visualized surrounding land use compositions give planners an idea on what causes land use transitions, the most frequent transition forms and their impacts on the surroundings, purely from a land use point of view to reduce data collection efforts. The North Brabant region in the Netherlands is used as a case study. The region is split into urban and non-urban areas to show the generic applicability of this framework.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1391-1412
Issue: 7
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1588852
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1588852
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jacob Witzell
Author-X-Name-First: Jacob
Author-X-Name-Last: Witzell
Title: Physical planning in an era of marketization: conflicting governance perspectives in the Swedish Transport Administration
Abstract: 
 Planning of transport infrastructure in Sweden has undergone successive legislative changes as well as neoliberal corporatization and marketization reforms in recent years, with a general aim to increase efficiency and effectiveness. This paper presents planning practitioners’ experiences of far-reaching marketization of physical planning practice in line with a strategy within the Swedish Transport Administration (STA) to become a ‘Pure Purchaser’. The strategy implies that all practical planning work should be carried out by procured consultants. The paper follows a qualitative, explorative approach based on document studies and interviews with practitioners actively involved in carrying out physical planning of road and rail investments. The concept of ‘modes of governance’ is applied to highlight and analytically interpret differences in perspectives on efficient and effective governance as expressed in the planning legislation, and the STA marketization strategy, respectively. The empirical results make evident that the recent marketization reforms are generally perceived as strongly and negatively affecting the efficiency and effectiveness of planning practices while also circumscribing professional discretion. The study highlights the importance of specific organization and management perspectives as explanatory factors in studying efficiency and effectiveness of planning practices.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1413-1431
Issue: 7
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1588853
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1588853
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alexandre Oliveira Tavares
Author-X-Name-First: Alexandre Oliveira
Author-X-Name-Last: Tavares
Author-Name: Mário Monteiro
Author-X-Name-First: Mário
Author-X-Name-Last: Monteiro
Author-Name: José Leandro Barros
Author-X-Name-First: José Leandro
Author-X-Name-Last: Barros
Author-Name: Pedro Pinto Santos
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro Pinto
Author-X-Name-Last: Santos
Title: Long-term land-use changes in small/medium-sized cities. Enhancing the general trends and local characteristics
Abstract: 
 Small and medium-sized cities represent the backbone of the European territory, promoting cohesion and an economic base for development. The study compares the spatial and temporal trajectories of land use in three small/medium-sized cities located in central Portugal, between 1958 and 2011. The cities of Viseu, Leiria and Castelo Branco were chosen because they are located in different urban sub-systems and because of the different factors that frame their alterations in land use, occupation and consequent urban development. The research evaluates the transformations, supported by indicators to explain the spatial dynamics of losses and gains and a principal component analysis compares the land-use trajectories for the three cities. The general results reveal an increase from the central part of the study areas to the periphery, contrasting with a continuous decrease of the agricultural parts, illustrating peri-urbanization and rururbanization processes. The study allows identification of the dynamics in the three analysed areas, highlighting the different rhythms of change and relating them to the particularities that exist in each city. The methodology represents an advantage for the analysis and evaluation of territorial dynamics related to land-use change, and made possible the identification of the different forces.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1432-1459
Issue: 7
Volume: 27
Year: 2019
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1588854
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1588854
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adam Radzimski
Author-X-Name-First: Adam
Author-X-Name-Last: Radzimski
Title: Involving small landlords as a regeneration strategy under shrinkage: evidence from two East German cases
Abstract: 
 In light of ongoing shrinkage processes affecting a number of cities and regions in Europe and around the world, the planning literature has suggested a need for new planning concepts and strategies, or even a new planning paradigm. This paper aims to contribute to the debate by investigating the adaptation of the process of urban regeneration to shrinkage. Urban regeneration is a common policy in cities facing population and economic decline. However, particularly for inner-city neighbourhoods, it has not been sufficiently documented how urban regeneration responds to challenges related to shrinkage. Looking first at the evolving national policy framework and then at two local case studies, this paper identifies conditions leading to the emergence of new practices of urban regeneration in inner-city neighbourhoods in Eastern Germany. These practices are characterized by the moderate usage of public subsidies combined with ‘soft’ measures like cooperation with individual property owners and potential investors as well as place marketing.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 526-545
Issue: 3
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1391178
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1391178
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Johan Högström
Author-X-Name-First: Johan
Author-X-Name-Last: Högström
Author-Name: Berit Balfors
Author-X-Name-First: Berit
Author-X-Name-Last: Balfors
Author-Name: Monica Hammer
Author-X-Name-First: Monica
Author-X-Name-Last: Hammer
Title: Planning for sustainability in expansive metropolitan regions: exploring practices and planners’ expectations in Stockholm, Sweden
Abstract: 
 In Sweden, local and regional planning practices are faced with the challenge of managing rapid growth in expansive urban regions. However, spatial planning should also contribute to the fulfilment of formalized sustainability objectives and support sustainable development. This includes addressing cross-cutting sustainability issues that transcend established administrative and territorial boundaries. Thus, the management of sustainability issues requires attention from actors at different levels, and challenges how contemporary planning practices plan for development. Based in the expansive Stockholm region, this study explores the cross-level interaction in spatial planning and decision-making and planning practitioners’ experiences and apprehensions of contemporary municipal planning practices with a focus on statutory plans to achieve sustainability targets and objectives. The results show that municipal planning organizations are under pressure because of rapid urban expansion. It is concluded that the role, format and content of statutory as well as informal planning instruments are decisive for the cross-level interaction between planning levels. Moreover, planning instruments find new trajectories resulting in mismatches in expectations from planners at adjacent planning levels. This influences the interplay and preconditions for achieving national and regional sustainability targets and objectives.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 439-457
Issue: 3
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1391751
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1391751
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katharina Koch
Author-X-Name-First: Katharina
Author-X-Name-Last: Koch
Title: The spatiality of trust in EU external cross-border cooperation
Abstract: 
 This paper argues that effective cross-border cooperation (CBC) networks closely interrelate with the building of ‘trust’ between actors. The aim is to contribute to the CBC literature by investigating the different forms of trust, their spatial attributes and impact on actor relations in the context of the Finnish–Russian European Neighbourhood Instrument (ENI) of CBC. The paper applies a specific spatial approach by identifying the territorial and relational aspects of four different forms of trust: rational-personal decisions, social-cultural understanding, general-personal interactions and the historical–institutional environment. The analysis, based on policy documents and semi-structured interviews with relevant Finnish ENI CBC actors, shows that the study of transnational cooperation networks benefits from a conceptualization of trust recognizing its spatial characteristics. The study concludes that sub-national actors are key agents in the formation and maintenance of trust. These actors negotiate with socio-cultural differences through the development of personal relationships which increase social capital in the actor–network. However, the cooperation network is vulnerable towards geopolitical circumstances affecting foreign relations. The paper demonstrates that Finnish ENI CBC actors are operating in a transnational network in which their activities are challenged by territorial constraints such as national border-crossing regulations.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 591-610
Issue: 3
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1393502
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1393502
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bahar Gedikli
Author-X-Name-First: Bahar
Author-X-Name-Last: Gedikli
Author-Name: Osman Balaban
Author-X-Name-First: Osman
Author-X-Name-Last: Balaban
Title: An evaluation of local policies and actions that address climate change in Turkish metropolitan cities
Abstract: 
 As sites of climatic impacts, cities have become key players in climate policy-making in order to reduce GHG emissions and vulnerabilities of settlements. They started taking actions in various fields such as built environment, water and waste management, transportation and urban greenery. However, the involvement of cities in climate policy-making varies over countries and regions; the extent of involvement differentiates even among the cities of the same country. This paper focuses on the Turkish case and elaborates the current status of climate policy-making in Turkish metropolitan cities. It aims at identifying achievements at the local level and pointing to challenges for an effective local climate action, which can be helpful for other contexts, too. Having conducted both desk-based and questionnaire surveys, it examines and categorizes climate-related actions in metropolitan municipalities, and highlights varying levels of achievements in terms of sectors and innovativeness. The study concludes with analysing the motives behind varying achievements of municipalities as well as the main challenges for local action and discussing policy implications to overcome them.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 458-479
Issue: 3
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1397107
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1397107
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Igone Porto-Gomez
Author-X-Name-First: Igone
Author-X-Name-Last: Porto-Gomez
Author-Name: Urko Aguirre-Larracoechea
Author-X-Name-First: Urko
Author-X-Name-Last: Aguirre-Larracoechea
Author-Name: Jon Mikel Zabala-Iturriagagoitia
Author-X-Name-First: Jon Mikel
Author-X-Name-Last: Zabala-Iturriagagoitia
Title: Tacit coopetition: chimera or reality? Evidence from the Basque Country
Abstract: 
 Coopetition is a strategy by which firms benefit from both collaboration and competition. Collaboration among competitors allows these to obtain advantages such as the joint creation and diffusion of knowledge, the exploration of new market opportunities, the identification of long-term innovation projects related to potential market, product or process diversification, or the gaining of access to external sources while still competing in certain areas. This paper focuses on the concept of tacit coopetition, which is defined as cooperation activities between neighbouring competitors located in the same region. Our goal is to assess the influence of tacit coopetition on the cooperative pattern of firms, as an alternative to promoting innovative projects among competitors. The analysis is performed in the county of Durango, located in the Basque Country (Spain). In particular, we seek evidence of whether tacit coopetition is a reality that can be objectively observed in Durango, and therefore, has the potential for a wider generalization of the phenomenon, or is instead a conceptual rhetoric (i.e. chimera) that is only observable in specific cases. The paper provides three major results. First, it sets out to identify whether tacit coopetition is occurring in Durango. Second, it identifies the factors influencing it, and finally, assesses the impact of tacit coopetition on firm performance.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 611-634
Issue: 3
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1402866
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1402866
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hugo Priemus
Author-X-Name-First: Hugo
Author-X-Name-Last: Priemus
Title: How housing, infrastructure and water determined the spatial structure of the Randstad
Abstract: 
 Between 1950 and 1990, housing was the driving force behind the spatial growth of the Randstad. Growth poles (1970s) and later VINEX locations (1990–2010) were the main components of growth management. Transport infrastructure has developed greatly since the 1920s. Since 1990, infrastructure development has increasingly become the structuring force for the spatial dynamics of the Randstad. Schiphol was seen as the mainport for airlines, and Rotterdam-Europoort as the mainport for shipping lines and container transport. The landside infrastructural connections for Schiphol and Europoort had a big impact on the growth in the capacity of continental roads and rail lines. ICT- and energy infrastructure are now developing quickly. Recently, Amsterdam Internet Exchange became the largest ICT node in Europe. Finally, the Delta programme was introduced, strengthening the coastal areas and leaving more room for the rivers. For the future, a combination of housing, infrastructure and water for spatial developments will determine the spatial structure of the Randstad further. A compartmentalized plan of the Randstad between the main dikes is presented, which will increase the resilience of functions of the Randstad in the future when the North Sea level is expected to rise substantially. The analysis presented could be relevant for many urban deltas worldwide.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 546-570
Issue: 3
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1402867
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1402867
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Phoebe Duvall
Author-X-Name-First: Phoebe
Author-X-Name-Last: Duvall
Author-Name: Mick Lennon
Author-X-Name-First: Mick
Author-X-Name-Last: Lennon
Author-Name: Mark Scott
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott
Title: The ‘natures’ of planning: evolving conceptualizations of nature as expressed in urban planning theory and practice
Abstract: 
 Over the course of the past century, the idea of nature in the city has become increasingly intricate, evolving from being viewed as a refuge separate from the city to being understood as an essential component of dynamic urban systems. As such, attempts are currently being made to ‘re-nature’ cities to support local and global ecosystems, increase human well-being and address environmental issues such as climate change. While the literature has examined changing assumptions about society–nature relationships in planning, a dearth of knowledge exists relating to the changing conceptualization of nature’s relationship with the ‘city’ and how this has influenced how urban planning with respect to ‘nature’ has evolved in both theory ‘and’ practice. In this paper, we address this lacuna by tracing the history of the entwined relationship between nature and city planning. The conceptual framework developed from this review is subsequently employed as an analytical lens through which to investigate an illustrative case study of planning for nature in Dublin City, Ireland. The paper concludes by reflecting on how exploring the natures of planning provides scope for greater critical attention to what we do as planners when we seek to address the challenge of safeguarding nature through policy.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 480-501
Issue: 3
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1404556
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1404556
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pablo Galaso
Author-X-Name-First: Pablo
Author-X-Name-Last: Galaso
Title: Network topologies as collective social capital in cities and regions: a critical review of empirical studies
Abstract: 
 This paper outlines a theoretical framework to study collective social capital at the local scale using social network analysis. To do so, it develops a review on empirical research that found evidence regarding the impact of networks on the performance of cities and regions. Eight network topologies are identified with collective social capital: size and composition, connectivity, closeness, clustering, small world, openness, centralization and heterophily. The paper inquires into the effects of these properties concluding that they influence two aspects that are highly relevant for territorial development: they facilitate the diffusion of information and they foster cooperation among actors. Results help tracing roots among three different academic fields: literature on social capital, local and regional economics, and social network analysis. Furthermore, the article suggests a framework to obtain relevant conclusions regarding political and economic aspects of territorial capacities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 571-590
Issue: 3
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1406898
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1406898
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Petar Vranić
Author-X-Name-First: Petar
Author-X-Name-Last: Vranić
Author-Name: Vesna Nikolić
Author-X-Name-First: Vesna
Author-X-Name-Last: Nikolić
Author-Name: Slobodan Milutinović
Author-X-Name-First: Slobodan
Author-X-Name-Last: Milutinović
Author-Name: Jelena D. Velimirović
Author-X-Name-First: Jelena D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Velimirović
Title: Local sustainable development: a knowledge base for adaptation planning
Abstract: 
 Towards the end of the century, Serbia will face a dramatic increase in annual temperature between 2°C and 6°C and decrease in annual accumulated precipitation up to 12%. Recent 2014 floods in Serbia, with more than 30 victims, and more than 30,000 displaced people, with overall damage close to €1.5 billion, reflected those trends and the likely risks that region will face due the changing climate. Those risks may influence the development process at the local level. This paper assesses the existing priority measures in local sustainable development strategies and re-interprets their characteristics using a methodological framework for the definition of adaptation measures. It offers a new understanding of the ongoing local sustainable development approach in the potentially most vulnerable municipalities in Serbia. The study focused on following properties of developmental measures: cost-effectiveness, structural characteristics, target realm, spatial determination, time frame, climate responsiveness, and sector and budget allocation of development measures at the local level. The results of the analysis suggest that the initiation of adaptation planning should consider the improvement of the methodological framework – the introduction of inter-sectoral and cross-sectoral planning practice, cost–benefit analysis, the involvement of individual actors in planning and dynamic planning approaches.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 502-525
Issue: 3
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1420144
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1420144
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Janna Alvedalen
Author-X-Name-First: Janna
Author-X-Name-Last: Alvedalen
Author-Name: Ron Boschma
Author-X-Name-First: Ron
Author-X-Name-Last: Boschma
Title: A critical review of entrepreneurial ecosystems research: towards a future research agenda
Abstract: 
 The entrepreneurial ecosystem (EE) literature has attracted much attention, especially in policy circles. However, the concept suffers from a number of shortcomings: (1) it lacks a clear analytical framework that makes explicit what is cause and what is effect in an EE; (2) while being a systemic concept, the EE has not yet fully exploited insights from network theory, and it is not always clear in what way the proposed elements are connected in an EE; (3) it remains a challenge what institutions (and at what spatial scale) impact on the structure and performance of EE; (4) studies have often focused on the EE in single regions or clusters, but lack a comparative and multi-scalar perspective and (5) the EE literature tends to provide a static framework taking a snapshot of EE without considering systematically their evolution over time. For each of these shortcomings, we make a number of suggestions to take up in future research on EE.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 887-903
Issue: 6
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1299694
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1299694
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Heidi Wiig Aslesen
Author-X-Name-First: Heidi Wiig
Author-X-Name-Last: Aslesen
Author-Name: Inger Beate Pettersen
Author-X-Name-First: Inger Beate
Author-X-Name-Last: Pettersen
Title: Entrepreneurial firms in STI and DUI mode clusters: do they need differentiated cluster facilitation?
Abstract: 
 This paper elaborates on the types of knowledge sources, actors and geographical space that are involved in innovation processes among small entrepreneurial firms located in two distinct city-based clusters in Norway with firms characterized as typical STI mode innovators (Oslo Cancer Cluster) and DUI mode innovators (Subsea cluster in Bergen). The aim of the paper is to see how, when and why firms source distinct knowledge and to what degree this aligns with their initial knowledge base and STI or DUI innovation mode. Findings show that the knowledge base and innovation mode approach hold for describing the early stages of the innovation process, suggesting cumulative path-dependent knowledge dynamics. However, at later stages, firms combine STI and DUI mode innovation logics and activate different types of sources, actors and geographical scales through combinatorial knowledge dynamics, largely pushed forward by the need to solve unforeseen challenges, to understand markets and by the need to reduce risks associated with the newness of innovations. Furthermore, we find that rigid regulatory regimes influence the dynamic interplay between sources, actors and geographical scales in the process of creating and transmitting knowledge. Based on these findings, the paper proposes cluster roles and facilitation initiatives.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 904-922
Issue: 6
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1300238
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1300238
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xiao Rui Xin
Author-X-Name-First: Xiao Rui
Author-X-Name-Last: Xin
Author-Name: Ivo Mossig
Author-X-Name-First: Ivo
Author-X-Name-Last: Mossig
Title: Co-evolution of institutions, culture and industrial organization in the film industry: the case of Shanghai in China
Abstract: 
 Research about the Chinese film industry is far behind the actual development of practice, especially considering its evolution and main influential factors. Furthermore, existing research on the film industry in economic geography is mostly conducted from the perspective of cluster theory, with lesser attention to institutions or culture. In this paper, the theory of co-evolution is used to tackle these two gaps. The role of institutions, culture and industrial organization as three fundamental elements of co-evolution is pointed out and discussed in the theoretical section. The phenomena of co-evolution in the Shanghai film industry as important examples of the Chinese film industry are analysed in the empirical part. We phase the development process in four periods and differentiate identified effects of co-evolution between institutions, culture and industrial organization based on the specific setting in each particular period.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 923-940
Issue: 6
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1300638
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1300638
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sarah Giest
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah
Author-X-Name-Last: Giest
Title: Big data analytics for mitigating carbon emissions in smart cities: opportunities and challenges
Abstract: 
 The paper addresses the growing scepticism around big data use in the context of smart cities. Big data is said to transform city governments into being more efficient, effective and evidence-based. However, critics point towards the limited capacity of government to overcome the siloed structure of data storage and manage the diverse stakeholders involved in setting up a data ecosystem. On the basis of this, the paper investigates the challenges city governments face when dealing with big data in the context of carbon emission reduction. Through the lens of the evidence-based policy and policy capacity literature, the cities of Copenhagen (Denmark), London (UK), Malmö (Sweden), Oxford (UK) and Vienna (Austria) are analysed. The cases reveal that the institutional complexity underlying big data integration limits local government capacity to set up data management structures that would allow further utilization of big data and that current solutions focus on local pilot sites and outsourcing of data analytics.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 941-957
Issue: 6
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1294149
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1294149
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Barbara Jankowska
Author-X-Name-First: Barbara
Author-X-Name-Last: Jankowska
Author-Name: Marta Götz
Author-X-Name-First: Marta
Author-X-Name-Last: Götz
Title: Internationalization intensity of clusters and their impact on firm internationalization: the case of Poland
Abstract: 
 Existing and dominant perspectives on determinants of firm internationalization have focused on the firm-specific and country-specific factors, paying less attention to the question ‘if and how can clusters foster internationalization of cluster firms’. To investigate this issue, we conducted the study focused on the Polish clusters. First, we conceptualize the impact of clusters on the internationalization of cluster firms by introducing the concepts of the propensity of internationalization and intensity of internationalization. Second, we assess the internationalization intensity of clusters in Poland and check how cluster managers facilitated the internationalization of cluster firms. The results obtained show that clusters play an important role in neutralizing the liability of foreignness suffered by cluster entities. The findings confirm that the need of internationalization which is related to the internationalization propensity emerges over the time as a cluster matures and internationalization intensity is higher in case of more dense clusters. By combining meso- and microeconomic perspectives, this study offers a more holistic approach for studying internationalization processes.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 958-977
Issue: 6
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1296111
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1296111
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kristian Olesen
Author-X-Name-First: Kristian
Author-X-Name-Last: Olesen
Title: Talk to the hand: strategic spatial planning as persuasive storytelling of the Loop City
Abstract: 
 The paper analyses how the spatial vision of the Loop City for the Øresund Region has played an important persuasive role in legitimizing and mobilizing local and national political support for a light rail link along the outer ring road in the Greater Copenhagen Area. The paper discusses the persuasive power of spatial concepts and supportive storylines in bringing transport infrastructure projects onto the national policy agenda. In conclusion, the paper calls for critical attention to the rationalities underpinning practices of persuasive storytelling in contemporary strategic spatial planning.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 978-993
Issue: 6
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1296936
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1296936
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Umberto Janin Rivolin
Author-X-Name-First: Umberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Janin Rivolin
Title: Global crisis and the systems of spatial governance and planning: a European comparison
Abstract: 
 Inadequate regulation of spatial development is at the origin of the current global crisis and increases, in years of crisis, the unequal distribution of wealth. The importance of the related risks for democracy draw attention to the systems of spatial governance and planning, through which States regulate spatial development. In Europe, the countries most affected by the unequal effects of the crisis have spatial planning systems that are traditionally based on the preventive assignation of rights for land use and development through a plan. The systems of other countries had established beforehand that new rights for land use and for spatial development are rather assigned only after the public control of development projects and their distributional effects. Despite the evidence that some models can operate better than others in ensuring public government of spatial development, the improvement of spatial planning systems is, however, limited by their complex nature of ‘institutional technologies’. Especially in a context of crisis, planners are responsible for the increase in public awareness concerning the role of spatial governance in economic and social life.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 994-1012
Issue: 6
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1296110
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1296110
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arie Stoffelen
Author-X-Name-First: Arie
Author-X-Name-Last: Stoffelen
Author-Name: Dominique Vanneste
Author-X-Name-First: Dominique
Author-X-Name-Last: Vanneste
Title: Tourism and cross-border regional development: insights in European contexts
Abstract: 
 This paper aims to structurally analyse the role of tourism in regional development processes in European cross-border regions with different historical development paths. Departing from an institutional perspective, the research is based on comparison of the position of tourism in region-building processes in the newly developing German–Czech cross-border region and the more ‘mature’ German–Belgian borderlands. Results indicate that the development of local cross-border tourism projects is no guarantee for positive destination-wide regional development impacts. In some cases, these projects may even reinforce asymmetrical socio-economic development directions of neighbouring borderlands. Rather, the socio-spatially equitable distribution of tourism benefits in cross-border contexts depends on several process-based aspects. These include the presence of ‘thick’ (cross-border) institutional arrangements, multi-scalar representation of tourism stakeholders in decision-making processes and a transversal position of tourism in regional development strategies. However, both with cross-border institutional ‘under-mobilization’ (Germany–Czech Republic) and with institutional ‘over-mobilization’ (Germany–Belgium), the informal network position of institutional brokers proved key for safeguarding the integrative character of tourism in the inevitably complex cross-border region-building process.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1013-1033
Issue: 6
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1291585
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1291585
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: László Faragó
Author-X-Name-First: László
Author-X-Name-Last: Faragó
Author-Name: James W. Scott
Author-X-Name-First: James W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott
Title: Policy governance from an autopoietic perspective: revisiting Hungary’s regionalization experience
Abstract: 
 This perspective on Hungary’s post-socialist regional policy governance is informed by an approach that relates region-building and regional governance to social autopoiesis and the self-referential and self-(re)producing nature of social systems such as states. Following debates in regional studies that reflect tensions between the local constitution and external determination of regional governance, we will demonstrate how Hungary has incorporated European Union (EU) policy frameworks through specific appropriations of territorial politics and regional ideas. These appropriations reflect Hungary’s post-socialist transformation not only in terms of responses to global forces, but also as specific spatial practices and regionalization experiences. As we argue, this has in effect resulted in a regionalism without regions – a strategy of Europeanizing territorial politics without creating institutional structures that directly challenge existing power relations. Autopoiesis thus helps explain the resilience of social systems, not only their resistance to institutional change but also their capability to ‘domesticate’ external influences. While criticisms of Hungary’s technocratic and post-political regionalization projects cannot be ignored, our analysis indicates why externally driven intervention in self-organizing governance processes, for example through EU conditionality, has had less impact than expected.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1034-1052
Issue: 6
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1298738
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1298738
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eero Valtonen
Author-X-Name-First: Eero
Author-X-Name-Last: Valtonen
Author-Name: Heidi Falkenbach
Author-X-Name-First: Heidi
Author-X-Name-Last: Falkenbach
Author-Name: Kauko Viitanen
Author-X-Name-First: Kauko
Author-X-Name-Last: Viitanen
Title: Development-led planning practices in a plan-led planning system: empirical evidence from Finland
Abstract: 
 Planning systems are generally divided into plan-led and development-led systems. However, it is quite common that the planning practice follows development-led planning although the planning system would structurally be plan-led. To study how development-led planning affects the implementation of large-scale urban development projects, we conducted a cross-sectional survey in Finland – a country with a hierarchical setting of legally binding zoning plans which can be prepared by following either plan-led or development-led practices. The survey respondents were civil servants managing implementation of large-scale urban development projects. Our results quite surprisingly suggest that development-led planning may cause the projects to become more vulnerable to property market uncertainty compared to the projects following the plan-led practises. These results challenge the usual output-based legitimation of development-led planning to some extent.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1053-1075
Issue: 6
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1301885
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1301885
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Shlomit Flint Ashery
Author-X-Name-First: Shlomit
Author-X-Name-Last: Flint Ashery
Title: ‘Decision not to decide’: a new challenge for planning
Abstract: 
 This article examines how the policy-maker’s ‘decision not to decide’ affects different levels of internal organization and how it is reflected in the residential patterns of different population groups. The article explores the dynamics of residential patterns in two case studies: the Collective behaviour of the Sylheti community along Whitechapel Road in Eastern London and the Group Action of the ‘Kol-Torah’ Community in Zangwill Street, Jerusalem, where Inner-markets activities create clear property lines around/within their boundaries and result in a similar homogeneous pattern. Identifying the main engines of organized neighbourhood change and the difficulties of planning and dealing with individuals in the housing market shed light on similar processes occurring in other city centres with diverse population groups.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1076-1098
Issue: 6
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1302411
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1302411
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Vang
Author-X-Name-First: Jan
Author-X-Name-Last: Vang
Title: Entrepreneurship in Western Europe: a contextual perspective
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1099-1100
Issue: 6
Volume: 25
Year: 2017
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1294380
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2017.1294380
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roberta Capello
Author-X-Name-First: Roberta
Author-X-Name-Last: Capello
Author-Name: Camilla Lenzi
Author-X-Name-First: Camilla
Author-X-Name-Last: Lenzi
Title: Persistence in regional learning paradigms and trajectories: consequences for innovation policy design
Abstract: 
 Inspired by the first evaluation processes on how nations and regions have interpreted and specified the smart specialization strategy, this paper applies the lens of evolutionary economic theory to interpret the causes of the lock-in mechanisms in learning processes that seem to prevail in most regions. The paper elaborates the notion of regional learning paradigms and trajectories to interpret evolution in the way innovation occurs in regions. By identifying the sources of path-dependence in regional learning paradigms and trajectories, the paper explains the difficulties faced by regions in ‘jumping’ on a new paradigm/trajectory and initiating an explorative entrepreneurial discovery process. Once the reasons for lock-in are highlighted, the paper advances some suggestions on possible adjustments to the design of a smart specialization strategy.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1587-1604
Issue: 9
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1177493
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1177493
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Markus Steen
Author-X-Name-First: Markus
Author-X-Name-Last: Steen
Title: Reconsidering path creation in economic geography: aspects of agency, temporality and methods
Abstract: 
 The emergence of new industrial development paths is an important topic in economic geography. However, current perspectives emphasizing the constraining forces of historical trajectories on innovation and change have shortcomings in accounting for how and where new industries arise. This article argues that more attention needs to be paid to agency, and that agency must be seen as inter-temporal in the sense that actors’ activities and strategies are framed by combinations of experiences and expectations. As such, the article combines insights from economic geography, transitions studies and the sociology of expectations (SoE) literature to expand extant theory on path creation. A brief analysis of the emerging Norwegian offshore wind power (OWP) sector serves to illustrate how experience (the past) and different types of expectations (the future) have tangible effects on agency, and in effect on path creation processes. These insights have methodological implications, essentially favouring qualitative approaches over quantitative ones to understand formative phases in industrial development.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1605-1622
Issue: 9
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1204427
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1204427
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Teemu Makkonen
Author-X-Name-First: Teemu
Author-X-Name-Last: Makkonen
Author-Name: Stephan Rohde
Author-X-Name-First: Stephan
Author-X-Name-Last: Rohde
Title: Cross-border regional innovation systems: conceptual backgrounds, empirical evidence and policy implications
Abstract: 
 The concept of cross-border regional innovation systems (CBRIS) surfaced in the literature on economic geography through discourses that highlighted the need for broadening innovation systems to cross-border contexts. Since these early discussions, the theoretical backgrounds of CBRIS have been elaborated through notions of geographical scale, proximity and related variety in a range of conceptual papers proposing CBRIS as a comprehensive framework for analysing regional cross-border integration. However, the empirical literature on CBRIS has failed to keep up with the advances in conceptualization. This paper discusses the reasons behind this mismatch, which means that the concept still rests upon and draws policy suggestions based on a thin evidence base. Directions for further research are pointed out by underlining the need for holistic empirical validation of the concept together with the need of understanding how suggested policy measures based on CBRIS reasoning have been implemented in border regions, and their effectiveness in promoting cross-border integration.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1623-1642
Issue: 9
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1184626
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1184626
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gavin Daly
Author-X-Name-First: Gavin
Author-X-Name-Last: Daly
Title: The neo-liberalization of strategic spatial planning and the overproduction of development in Celtic Tiger Ireland
Abstract: 
 This paper argues that the role of the planning system in the overproduction of development during Ireland’s Celtic Tiger needs to be analysed as instructive of contemporary neo-liberal transformations of strategic spatial planning. Leaning on a Foucauldian governmentality perspective, the genealogy of modern Irish planning practice is explored to elucidate how neo-liberal rationalities became embedded in institutional norms through consensus-driven partnership governance. The central premise is that the turn to ‘strategic spatial planning’, particularly with the publication of the National Spatial Strategy in 2002, was usefully exploited to mask the spatial politics of the ever-increasing need for the state to facilitate capital switching into built environment formation in order to maintain conditions of high economic growth. Using the empirical case study of housing development in the ‘Upper Shannon’ region and large-scale commercial development in County Meath, it is argued that this contributed to a destabilization of the planning system and an abandonment of basic planning principles. The paper concludes that, in the context of the new and deeply uneven economic geography of post-crisis Ireland, there is an urgent need for a repoliticized critique of normative interpretations of strategic spatial planning practice in order for more progressive practices to emerge.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1643-1661
Issue: 9
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1190813
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1190813
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wei-Ju Huang
Author-X-Name-First: Wei-Ju
Author-X-Name-Last: Huang
Author-Name: Ana María Fernández-Maldonado
Author-X-Name-First: Ana María
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández-Maldonado
Title: High-tech development and spatial planning: comparing the Netherlands and Taiwan from an institutional perspective
Abstract: 
 High-tech development has been broadly accepted as a prominent matter of regional development policies and plans at the global level. Strategies to enhance it have evident implications for spatial planning policies, plans and visions. Consequently, careful attention should be paid to the role that spatial planning policies play in the national and regional efforts to advance high-tech development in a particular place. This study addresses the relationship between the spatial planning system and high-tech development, searching to explain the spatial implications resulting from this relationship. It approaches the topic by comparing high-tech development experiences in the Netherlands and Taiwan from an institutional perspective. Although both countries have used a range of spatial strategies for economic growth through high-tech development, the results show that their different institutional settings, power relations between different levels of government and conceptions of science park have led to the implementation of two very distinct spatial strategies, shaping different spatial patterns of high-tech development clustering in these two regions. The findings demonstrate the potential of the institutional approach to study international planning issues, and contribute to theories of high-tech development and spatial planning.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1662-1683
Issue: 9
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1187717
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1187717
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Helena Guimarães
Author-X-Name-First: Maria Helena
Author-X-Name-Last: Guimarães
Author-Name: Luis Catela Nunes
Author-X-Name-First: Luis Catela
Author-X-Name-Last: Nunes
Author-Name: Ana Paula Barreira
Author-X-Name-First: Ana Paula
Author-X-Name-Last: Barreira
Author-Name: Thomas Panagopoulos
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Panagopoulos
Title: What makes people stay in or leave shrinking cities? An empirical study from Portugal
Abstract: 
 The attractiveness of cities as places to live determines population movements into or out of them. Understanding the appealing features is fundamental to local governments, particularly for cities facing population decline. Pull and push attributes can include economic aspects, the availability of amenities and psychological constructs, initiating a discussion around which factors are more relevant for migration. However, such discussion has been underexplored in studies of shrinking cities. In the present study, we contribute to the discussion by identifying pull and push factors in Portuguese shrinking cities. Data were collected using a face-to-face questionnaire of 701 residents in four shrinking cities: Oporto, Barreiro, Peso da Régua and Moura. Factor analysis and automatic linear modelling were used to analyse the data. Our results show that the economic activity is the most relevant feature for retaining residents. However, characteristics specific to each city, related to heritage and natural beauty, are also shown to influence a city’s attractiveness. The cause of population shrinkage was also found to influence residents’ assessments of the pull and push attributes of each city. Furthermore, the results show the relevance of social ties and of place attachment to inhabitants’ intention to continue living in their city of residence.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1684-1708
Issue: 9
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1177492
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1177492
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francesco Russo
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco
Author-X-Name-Last: Russo
Author-Name: Corrado Rindone
Author-X-Name-First: Corrado
Author-X-Name-Last: Rindone
Author-Name: Paola Panuccio
Author-X-Name-First: Paola
Author-X-Name-Last: Panuccio
Title: European plans for the smart city: from theories and rules to logistics test case
Abstract: 
 City evolution is connected to social, economic and technological evolutions. New technologies induce further changes, which are highly innovative, which again affect the urban and territorial systems. The city once again adjusts to new opportunities in relation to information and communications technologies, energy and mobility. In this paper, smart city, configured as a set of interacting systems with people, is focused as a possible model to follow for pursuing sustainability in real cities of the twenty-first century. Three processes are recalled: city development, city planning theories and city rules. Smart city seems to be the convergent point for all processes evolving in European urban areas. Theoretical definitions of smart city are recalled. At the same time, the European Commission is promoting smart city rules for implementation. Moreover, in the last years some local decision-makers implemented specific measures that today can be considered in the class of smart city measures. The objective of the paper is to analyse the European perspectives for smart city, trying to separate the three processes that are strongly integrated, but without formal links. To verify the European smart city approach, a study case concerning city logistics is considered.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1709-1726
Issue: 9
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1182120
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1182120
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrea De Montis
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea
Author-X-Name-Last: De Montis
Title: Measuring the performance of planning: the conformance of Italian landscape planning practices with the European Landscape Convention
Abstract: 
 The assessment of the performance of planning is debated. The evaluation of the conformance of a given national planning system with a set of principles is similarly received with critical and favourable remarks. A relevant case study consists of the conformance of European landscape planning practice with the principles of the European Landscape Convention (ELC). Italy incorporated in 2004 the principles of the ELC with the Code on Cultural Assets and Landscape (CL), which opened the way for new laws, tools, observatories and atlases. The aim of this article is to demonstrate the usefulness of an assessment exercise concerning the conformance with the ELC of planning practice in Italy. We scrutinize planning systems and tools established by peripheral administrations, according to a qualitative and comparative framework. We refine our analysis by focusing on 10 most recent cases and identifying critical issues in current landscape planning practice. The results are promising and show that landscape planning in Italy is increasingly in line with the ELC.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1727-1745
Issue: 9
Volume: 24
Year: 2016
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2016.1178215
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2016.1178215
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gabriela B. Christmann
Author-X-Name-First: Gabriela B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Christmann
Title: Introduction: struggling with innovations. Social innovations and conflicts in urban development and planning
Abstract: 
 The number of publications on social innovations has significantly increased over the past decades. Meanwhile even policy-makers build their hopes on socially innovative solutions and their ‘transformative power’. However, what is still needed is a better understanding of the processes and mechanisms of social innovations. This Special Issue focuses in particular on the genesis of social innovations in the context of urban development and planning. It addresses a research gap by systematically drawing the attention to the fact that innovative ideas often meet resistance or conflict and that the implementation of novel practices is hindered. The article gives a short introduction to the current state of research in the field. It explains the many-facetted concept of social innovation, defines how socially innovative urban development and planning can be understood in this context and discusses how the role of conflicts can be described. The article not least gives an overview of the contributions. The articles show that institutional friction and resistance are normal concomitants of innovation processes. This does not mean that conflicts necessarily result in the failure or delay of socially innovative developments. In cases where they are constructively processed, they rather lead to progress.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 423-433
Issue: 3
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1639396
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1639396
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Frank Moulaert
Author-X-Name-First: Frank
Author-X-Name-Last: Moulaert
Author-Name: Abid Mehmood
Author-X-Name-First: Abid
Author-X-Name-Last: Mehmood
Title: Towards a social innovation (SI) based epistemology in local development analysis: lessons from twenty years of EU research
Abstract: 
 This paper gives an overview of over two decades of research projects on the study of the relationship between local development and social innovation (SI) made by the international action research network coordinated by the first author and funded by the European Commission. It explains the need to study the relationships between local development and opportunities for human development, and the aspirations for an epistemological turn, away from local growth to local development, and from disciplinary to inter- and trans-disciplinary perspectives. Using a chronological overview, the paper concentrates on questions related to the specific objectives of the projects and their epistemological (ontological, theoretical, methodological and validation) challenges. It explains how by meeting these challenges, over the years the network built a Social Innovation Action Research framework that can now be used as a reference for mutual enrichment between different approaches in SI action research.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 434-453
Issue: 3
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1639401
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1639401
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dmitri Domanski
Author-X-Name-First: Dmitri
Author-X-Name-Last: Domanski
Author-Name: Jürgen Howaldt
Author-X-Name-First: Jürgen
Author-X-Name-Last: Howaldt
Author-Name: Christoph Kaletka
Author-X-Name-First: Christoph
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaletka
Title: A comprehensive concept of social innovation and its implications for the local context – on the growing importance of social innovation ecosystems and infrastructures
Abstract: 
 The significance of social innovations for successfully meeting social, economic, political and environmental challenges of the twenty-first century is recognized not only by stakeholders on the local, regional and even national level but also within the Europe 2020 strategy and on a global scale. However, despite this growing awareness, for a long time a sustained and systematic analysis of social innovation, its theories, characteristics and impacts was missing. In this setup, the paper seeks to contribute to a common theoretical ground in social innovation theory by elaborating on a comprehensive concept of social innovation grounded in social theory and discusses consequences for social innovations in the urban context. The paper starts with an outline of theoretical foundations of social innovation and investigates the relationship between social innovation and social change. It then discusses the consequences of a comprehensive concept of social innovation for the local level, highlighting its multi-sectoral perspective. Social innovation ecosystems are introduced as an emerging theoretical approach and heuristic model especially for urban social innovation. Here, results of a global mapping conducted by the international research project SI-DRIVE provide empirical insights into the diversity and current state of social innovation initiatives.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 454-474
Issue: 3
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1639397
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1639397
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elizabeth Strom
Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth
Author-X-Name-Last: Strom
Title: Revisiting the arts as a socially innovative urban development strategy
Abstract: 
 Arts and cultural activities have become an increasingly important aspect of urban and regional development. Can such projects be seen as socially innovative? Socially innovative projects are here understood as those that create new ways of looking at problems, new organisational means for dealing with problems and solutions that go beyond market efficiency. This paper considers arts-based redevelopment projects at regional, municipal and neighbourhood scales. Its focus is on US cities with some examples drawn from Europe. Initiatives to build regional creative economies and creative clusters, and to revitalise buildings and neighbourhoods through cultural activities can be seen as socially innovative, although they can also catalyse market processes that can have deleterious impacts on vulnerable communities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 475-495
Issue: 3
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1639398
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1639398
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gabriela B. Christmann
Author-X-Name-First: Gabriela B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Christmann
Author-Name: Oliver Ibert
Author-X-Name-First: Oliver
Author-X-Name-Last: Ibert
Author-Name: Johann Jessen
Author-X-Name-First: Johann
Author-X-Name-Last: Jessen
Author-Name: Uwe-Jens Walther
Author-X-Name-First: Uwe-Jens
Author-X-Name-Last: Walther
Title: Innovations in spatial planning as a social process – phases, actors, conflicts
Abstract: 
 The aim of this paper is to understand the social process of the emergence and institutionalization of innovations in spatial planning (which we describe as ‘social innovations’). The paper is based on a recently finished empirical and comparative study conducted in four distinct areas of spatial planning in Germany: urban design, neighbourhood development, urban regeneration and regional planning. The empirical cases selected in these areas encompass different topics, historical periods, degrees of maturity and spatial scales of innovation. As a temporal structure of the innovation processes in the different cases we identified five phases: ‘incubating, generating, formatting, stabilizing, adjusting’. In a cross-comparison of the case studies and along these phases, we furthermore found typical (groups of) actors, tensions and conflicts. In the focus of our case analyses are the following dimensions: (1) the content of the innovations, (2) actors, networks and communities involved as well as (3) institutions and institutionalization.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 496-520
Issue: 3
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1639399
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1639399
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Geoff Vigar
Author-X-Name-First: Geoff
Author-X-Name-Last: Vigar
Author-Name: Paul Cowie
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Cowie
Author-Name: Patsy Healey
Author-X-Name-First: Patsy
Author-X-Name-Last: Healey
Title: Innovation in planning: creating and securing public value
Abstract: 
 Innovation is a much hyped term and yet is difficult to define. In planning, this difficulty is partly explained by the ‘wicked’ nature of many planning problems and the complexities of evaluating diverse, often long-term cultural, social and environmental outcomes; but also because innovation is often associated with the economic. Explicitly expanding the concept of innovation to foreground non-financial outcomes helps the planning discipline understand the complex ways planning actions make novel, positive contributions to societal goals. An idea of public value helps evaluate how innovation in spatial planning provides benefits beyond private individuals. The concept is mobilized to test a framework of innovation in planning that underpins an empirical review. The framework and the wider review highlights five features present in innovative planning that delivers public value.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 521-540
Issue: 3
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1639400
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1639400
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Franz Füg
Author-X-Name-First: Franz
Author-X-Name-Last: Füg
Author-Name: Oliver Ibert
Author-X-Name-First: Oliver
Author-X-Name-Last: Ibert
Title: Assembling social innovations in emergent professional communities. The case of learning region policies in Germany
Abstract: 
 In this paper, we use the notion social innovation to shed light on the complex interrelations between the emergence and consolidation of new policy approaches and their geographical mobility. Empirically, the paper deals with learning region policies in Germany, which epitomize a shift of the main approach from ‘catching up’ to ‘reflexive experimentation’ during the 1980s/1990s in Germany. We highlight the nature of social innovations in spatial planning as complex assemblages of material, organizational and conceptual elements. These elements are not necessarily new themselves. Rather, the novelty lies in the unprecedented ways, in which these elements are re-combined. From an innovation perspective, the unfolding of the learning region policy model co-evolves with the growth and proliferation of a related professional community of practice. Longitudinal data covering the whole innovation process is analysed in combination with case study material from two recent instantiations of the respective policies: the REGIONALE 2016 Westmünsterland and the ‘Competition Impulse Regions’ in Saxony.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 541-562
Issue: 3
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1639402
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1639402
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:28:y:2020:i:3:p:541-562




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eduardo Medeiros
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Medeiros
Author-Name: Arno Van Der Zwet
Author-X-Name-First: Arno
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Der Zwet
Title: Evaluating Integrated Sustainable Urban Development Strategies: a methodological framework applied in Portugal
Abstract: 
 This paper debates the evolution and importance of the urban dimension of EU policies and in particular EU Cohesion Policy in the past three decades. It discusses the growing relevance for supporting a Urban Agenda for the EU, and the gradual adoption and implementation of Integrated Sustainable Urban Development Strategies (ISUDS), by pointing out their advantages vis-à-vis mainstream sectoral-focused policy strategies. In this light, the article proposes an evaluation framework to assess and compare ISUDS across Europe. Based on the Portuguese case study this analysis argues that despite their limited impacts, EU financed urban programmes (URBAN, POLIS, ISUDS) contributed positively to promoting a policy integrated approach, and enhanced urban physical and social environment of deprived urban neighbourhoods. More concretely, the initial results from the recent implementation of the 103 ISUDS reveal a gradual adoption by the urban and local authorities of more holistic and integrated urban development policy approaches to increasing policy effectiveness and efficiency.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 563-582
Issue: 3
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1606898
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1606898
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Evangelos Asprogerakas
Author-X-Name-First: Evangelos
Author-X-Name-Last: Asprogerakas
Author-Name: Vasiliki Zachari
Author-X-Name-First: Vasiliki
Author-X-Name-Last: Zachari
Title: The EU territorial cohesion discourse and the spatial planning system in Greece
Abstract: 
 This paper argues the changing nature of spatial planning in the recent decades, under the light of the relevant progressions that have been taking place at the EU level. It is suggested that the EU territorial cohesion discourse and its relevant -although less developed- policy tools are in line with and promote a new orientation of spatial planning that is characterized of an integrated approach which is spatially aware and aims to guide development in order to avoid or minimize spatial imbalances and to increase the effectiveness of policies according to the territorial characteristics. This is an attempt to bring into light the new dimensions of spatial planning through the analysis of the relevant European concepts. In the first part, the developments at the EU level and their contribution to this new approach of planning are analysed. Following that, what is examined is how these developments and the EU territorial cohesion perspective influenced the Greek planning system and, more specifically, how the new traits of planning have been integrated and the degree to which the new approach is reflected.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 583-603
Issue: 3
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1628925
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1628925
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vojtěch Bosák
Author-X-Name-First: Vojtěch
Author-X-Name-Last: Bosák
Author-Name: Ondřej Slach
Author-X-Name-First: Ondřej
Author-X-Name-Last: Slach
Author-Name: Alexandr Nováček
Author-X-Name-First: Alexandr
Author-X-Name-Last: Nováček
Author-Name: Luděk Krtička
Author-X-Name-First: Luděk
Author-X-Name-Last: Krtička
Title: Temporary use and brownfield regeneration in post-socialist context: from bottom-up governance to artists exploitation
Abstract: 
 In recent years, both academic and political circles have paid much attention to the use of culture and temporary use in the regeneration of industrial brownfields. Nevertheless, existing records are based, in particular, on examples of cities and regions from long-established free-market European countries. This text uses a case study to provide an analysis and interpretation of the transformation governance of a temporary cultural use into a permanent one with the example of the Hlubina Mine in the traditionally industrial post-socialist city of Ostrava. The findings point to the inconsistency of cultural regeneration outcomes, which mainly stem from the weak public sector role and the unequal power status of all the participants involved. The study also documents the physical and functional discrepancies between temporary and permanent use, and warns of pitfalls resulting from the rapid for-profit exploitative permanent use of the originally organic temporary one.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 604-626
Issue: 3
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1642853
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1642853
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jacek Zaucha
Author-X-Name-First: Jacek
Author-X-Name-Last: Zaucha
Author-Name: Kai Böhme
Author-X-Name-First: Kai
Author-X-Name-Last: Böhme
Title: Measuring territorial cohesion is not a mission impossible
Abstract: 
 Territorial cohesion, recognized by the Treaty of Lisbon, has been subject to various policy and academic debates. Despite various efforts to operationalize it, territorial cohesion has remained at the level of policy intention and overall guiding policy paradigm rather than a clearly defined policy goal or task. Recently new light on possible measurement of territorial cohesion has been shed by some ESPON research. This paper examines the reasons and conditions of successful measurement of territorial cohesion . We conclude that the operationalization of territorial cohesion is the most promising when using the frameworks of existing policies and that such operationalization on smaller geographical scales (below the EU) might be easier and more productive than at the EU level.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 627-649
Issue: 3
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1607827
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1607827
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rositsa T. Ilieva
Author-X-Name-First: Rositsa T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ilieva
Title: Urban gardening as politics
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 650-651
Issue: 3
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1694239
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1694239
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Antoine Decoville
Author-X-Name-First: Antoine
Author-X-Name-Last: Decoville
Author-Name: Olivier Klein
Author-X-Name-First: Olivier
Author-X-Name-Last: Klein
Title: Polycentrism and the accessibility of public facilities to the population. The example of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg and Belval
Abstract: 
 In this paper, we examine the theoretical impacts of a polycentric spatial planning strategy on the general and potential accessibility of public facilities to the population. We then test this using the concrete example of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg and Belval. To do so, we develop an approach that links a time-distance road matrix between all the localities and a comprehensive dataset of public facilities at two different dates: 2005 and 2015. This allows us to determine that the average and theoretical accessibility, outside of peak hours, shows a gain of 9%, after relocation of a number of facilities to Belval.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 653-671
Issue: 4
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1670141
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1670141
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: John Pendlebury
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Pendlebury
Author-Name: Mark Scott
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott
Author-Name: Loes Veldpaus
Author-X-Name-First: Loes
Author-X-Name-Last: Veldpaus
Author-Name: Wout van der Toorn Vrijthoff
Author-X-Name-First: Wout
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Toorn Vrijthoff
Author-Name: Declan Redmond
Author-X-Name-First: Declan
Author-X-Name-Last: Redmond
Title: After the Crash: the conservation-planning assemblage in an era of austerity
Abstract: 
 This paper focuses upon the practice of conservation applied through the planning systems of three European countries, Ireland, the Netherlands and England, here termed conservation-planning. The values and validated practice of conservation-planning are considered in terms of the concept of Authorised Heritage Discourses (AHDs) that are internationally-shaped but nationally articulated in each country, and by a distinct conservation-planning social entity that may be described as an ‘assemblage’. The post-2008 period has seen over-arching economic similarities in economic and political forces affecting conservation-planning practice in each country. In each case public-sector austerity measures have been accompanied by ideological re-positionings over the role of the state and a greater emphasis upon ‘selling the historic city’ has been accompanied by a declining public-sector capacity to manage change within the frame of traditionally established AHDs. The partial withdrawal of the state has in each case resulted in adjustments in the construction of the assemblage and thus in the ‘ownership’ of the AHDs with a greater involvement of the private sector in these processes. Despite similarities in conservation discourse, shaped by an international AHD, differences exist between the countries considered, which we can better understand by reference to the conservation-planning assemblage in each country.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 672-690
Issue: 4
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1629395
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1629395
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:28:y:2020:i:4:p:672-690




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Domingos Vaz
Author-X-Name-First: Domingos
Author-X-Name-Last: Vaz
Author-Name: José Luis Lalana Soto
Author-X-Name-First: José Luis
Author-X-Name-Last: Lalana Soto
Title: Landscape and post-rurality in a European borderland. The Raia Central Ibérica
Abstract: 
 This paper formulates the necessity of developing a new territorial culture, built from the complex and dynamic concept of landscape and geared towards the formulation of strategies for development and feasibility. This approach, based on the European Landscape Convention, requires a transdisciplinary perspective, and even though it's still novel, it's not only appropriate, but can be considered essential for some European rural cross-border territories marked by important economic and demographic problems, whose viability, in a globalization context, depends on the search for developmental alternatives and the creation of new territorial networks.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 691-712
Issue: 4
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1632271
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1632271
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Venny Veronica Natalia
Author-X-Name-First: Venny Veronica
Author-X-Name-Last: Natalia
Author-Name: Dirk Heinrichs
Author-X-Name-First: Dirk
Author-X-Name-Last: Heinrichs
Title: Identifying polycentricism: a review of concepts and research challenges
Abstract: 
 Assessment of polycentricism is one approach to understand the process of urban expansion and its structural changes. The assessment is important to provide knowledge as a basis for future planning and policy. This review article structures the existing concepts of polycentricism, examines the methodologies applied for polycentricism assessment at different spatial scales and across world regions. Based on this, it identifies future research challenges. The review shows that studies of polycentricism have been conducted primarily in cities across the more developed world regions while in the developing world regions, fewer studies are available and only began to emerge in the 1990s, two decades later than the West. The reviewed studies use employment distribution and travel behavior as the primary sources of data. To compensate for the lack of well-documented employment distribution and mobility data, more diverse indicators and sophisticated digital-based approaches have been applied in the latest studies that focus on cities in developing world regions. The reviewed studies demonstrate for the examined cases a general shift towards polycentric development. While in the more developed world regions polycentricism is influenced by employment decentralization, in the developing world regions this phenomenon is influenced by market forces and spatial planning policies.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 713-731
Issue: 4
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1662773
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1662773
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mikel Gurrutxaga
Author-X-Name-First: Mikel
Author-X-Name-Last: Gurrutxaga
Title: Incorporating the life-course approach into shrinking cities assessment: the uneven geographies of urban population decline
Abstract: 
 The demographic dynamics of urban areas is highly relevant for urban and regional planning, in a global context marked by rapid socioeconomic changes and growing competition between cities. Demographic and economic decline processes associated with shrinking cities are usually analyzed by the evolution of the overall population, indicators of the natural and spatial population dynamics and socioeconomic variables. This article proposes a complementary method to enrich the vision of urban dynamics, based on incorporating the life-course approach to the study of demographic variations. The evolution of population groups with an indicator value on socioeconomic changes over time is studied. The population groups correspond to different birth cohorts, including the generations that have reached higher education or their first jobs in the labour market, and the generations that have remained at a mature working age during the study period. The case study comprises 404 Spanish urban areas in 2002-2017, a time when the overall population of the country grew by 11.3%. While 7.2% of the cities saw a decline in the overall population, 65.1% experienced population decline in some population indicator group.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 732-748
Issue: 4
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1634007
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1634007
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mauro Francini
Author-X-Name-First: Mauro
Author-X-Name-Last: Francini
Author-Name: Lucia Chieffallo
Author-X-Name-First: Lucia
Author-X-Name-Last: Chieffallo
Author-Name: Annunziata Palermo
Author-X-Name-First: Annunziata
Author-X-Name-Last: Palermo
Author-Name: Maria Francesca Viapiana
Author-X-Name-First: Maria Francesca
Author-X-Name-Last: Viapiana
Title: Estimation of the Smart Land Index: application to the rural context of the Crati Valley
Abstract: 
 The smart land model plans, in a territorial perspective, to connect cities and minor suburban areas, integrating all aspects of the urban sphere and services to give rise to a stronger development system. The present research proposes a viable methodology on a territorial scale that, on the basis of a series of evaluation items, factors and variables, and measurable quantities, indicators, allows the expression and quantification of the degree of smartness in the area of interest. Specifically, in order to support the development of the implementation area, the Crati Valley (Italy), into a smart land, aspects relating to the ‘Territory’ factor which encompass the ‘Smart Environment’ thematic area were explored, since it is considered a key element for the implementation of a sustainable process of economic and productive growth, especially for a context, such as the one in question, with a rural vocation. These are the first results of research whose continuation envisages adopting a similar approach for all the other factors identified, in order to obtain a model that is able not only to quantitatively measure the level of ‘intelligence’ of the territory, but, above all, is able to highlight, qualitatively, any critical issues and suggest operational development strategies.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 749-770
Issue: 4
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1648384
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1648384
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kaj Zimmerbauer
Author-X-Name-First: Kaj
Author-X-Name-Last: Zimmerbauer
Author-Name: Anssi Paasi
Author-X-Name-First: Anssi
Author-X-Name-Last: Paasi
Title: Hard work with soft spaces (and vice versa): problematizing the transforming planning spaces
Abstract: 
 This article studies spaces and spatial imageries in planning from two viewpoints. First, it discusses how contemporary planning paradigms contribute to a process that can be labelled the ‘softening of hard spaces’. This means that typically old, well-established (planning) spaces with relatively hard administrative borders become redefined and treated in planning practice as soft entities with fuzzier or more porous borders. Second, it discusses how new soft spaces – such as gateways, new cross-border supranational spaces and ad hoc regional spaces – tend to simultaneously harden through intensifying institutional practices and discourses, as well as because of the need to define what is included and excluded in such new spatial structures/networks. These two processes, the softening of hard spaces and the hardening of soft spaces, are then scrutinized in tandem, and a conceptualization of intermediary hybrid planning spaces is proposed. This conceptual opening, labelled ‘penumbral’ space/border, is then examined. The explanatory value of these arguments is demonstrated by comparing the transformation of Northern Ostrobothnia, an old, well-established region in Finland, and the mobilization of Bothnian Arc, a new soft space stretching across the Swedish-Finnish border.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 771-789
Issue: 4
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1653827
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1653827
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aksel Ersoy
Author-X-Name-First: Aksel
Author-X-Name-Last: Ersoy
Author-Name: Wendy Larner
Author-X-Name-First: Wendy
Author-X-Name-Last: Larner
Title: Rethinking urban entrepreneurialism: Bristol Green Capital – in it for good?
Abstract: 
 Urban entrepreneurialism is generally characterized by a series of spectacular events, organized and orchestrated by powerful actors. Recently, this has given rise to a series of urban policy agendas that have become ubiquitous across the world. This paper draws attention to an emergent form of urban entrepreneurialism that privileges environmentalism, social inclusion and grassroots creativity. Based on the 2015 European Green Capital process taking place in Bristol in the United Kingdom, this paper shows how the European Green Capital Award is being used to engage a large and diverse range of organizations in the name of the Bristol Green Capital Partnership. We argue that rather than reiterating narratives of urban entrepreneurialism as dominated by narrow economic agendas and being socially exclusionary, this form of urban entrepreneurialism encourages us to look at cities as places that can be coproduced in context-sensitive ways by multiple entities. The paper is informed by primary data gathered through fieldwork conducted over 2014 and 2015, including primary documents, key informant interviews and participant observation.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 790-808
Issue: 4
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1635085
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1635085
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:28:y:2020:i:4:p:790-808




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adam Senetra
Author-X-Name-First: Adam
Author-X-Name-Last: Senetra
Author-Name: Patrycja Szarek-Iwaniuk
Author-X-Name-First: Patrycja
Author-X-Name-Last: Szarek-Iwaniuk
Title: Land use changes in urbanized areas located in the cities of the lake district – Ostróda residential areas case study
Abstract: 
 Land use changes in urbanized areas result from inter alia state policy, local policy, socio-economic situation and environmental conditions. The aim of this study was to present changes that occur in Ostróda town, which is located in the lake district, and to present the distribution, concentration and change trends in residential areas within the administrative boundaries of the town. The additional aim was implementing the research methods, which uses the modern geoinformation methods. The input data were maps from 1988 to 2017 and orthophotomaps. City surfaces were covered with a grid of squares that served as the base for interpolation. The next stage was to create maps that would present the distribution, concentration and changes in residential areas. The results indicate that residential concentration increased in both developed and undeveloped areas. The identification of areas characterized by the most extensive changes and the highest residential concentration was determined. The results show that city space undergoes constant changes and the location in the lake district can be both a potential and a partial development barrier. The presented research approach can be implemented in other spatial units, e.g. small, medium or large cities, metropolitan areas or rural areas.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 809-829
Issue: 4
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1607828
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1607828
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Malte Möck
Author-X-Name-First: Malte
Author-X-Name-Last: Möck
Author-Name: Patrick Küpper
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick
Author-X-Name-Last: Küpper
Title: Polycentricity at its boundaries: consistent or ambiguous?
Abstract: 
 Polycentricity describes a certain region by the relationship of a selection of its most central spatial entities. We identify two sources of shortcomings in measures of polycentricity: the delineation of the region under study and the number of units considered within it. Both bear the risk of manufacturing polycentricity before measuring it, the first by setting borders between regions, the latter by distinguishing ‘central’ and ‘peripheral.’ Building on a literature review, which traces these challenges in debates on polycentricity, we empirically investigate their impact for two German cases. The study utilizes rank-size analysis based on employment (morphological) and commuting (functional), to assess polycentricity and compare it over cases and dimensions. By varying scales and units considered, we extend the regular scope of analysis and uncover differences strengthening an interpretation of polycentricity as an ambiguous concept. This challenges descriptions and comparisons resting on clear-cut borders and ‘center’ definitions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 830-849
Issue: 4
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1666802
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1666802
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Neuman
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Neuman
Title: The poverty of territorialism: neo-medieval view of Europe and European planning
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 850-852
Issue: 4
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1694240
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1694240
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:28:y:2020:i:4:p:850-852




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julia Binder
Author-X-Name-First: Julia
Author-X-Name-Last: Binder
Author-Name: Antje Matern
Author-X-Name-First: Antje
Author-X-Name-Last: Matern
Title: Mobility and social exclusion in peripheral regions
Abstract: 
 Mobility largely depends on public services and constitutes a key factor for regional development. However, demographic and structural changes challenge public transport networks in peripheral regions and lead to economic shrinkage. This, in turn, undermines the principle of creating or maintaining equal living conditions across Germany and leads to spatial polarization. Limited mobility is closely connected to social exclusion and warrants an in-depth analysis. Our paper examines the commuting patterns of apprentices in rural Brandenburg, Germany. It is based on a survey of apprentices in tourism and the food industry. The study finds that apprentices in rural areas are confronted with public transport deficits but also apply strategies for dealing with these problems. The paper also shows how this relates to social exclusion and to current planning debates regarding co-production and digitalization in the context of public service provision.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1049-1067
Issue: 6
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1689926
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1689926
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Teresa Sá Marques
Author-X-Name-First: Teresa
Author-X-Name-Last: Sá Marques
Author-Name: Miguel Saraiva
Author-X-Name-First: Miguel
Author-X-Name-Last: Saraiva
Author-Name: Diogo Ribeiro
Author-X-Name-First: Diogo
Author-X-Name-Last: Ribeiro
Author-Name: Ana Amante
Author-X-Name-First: Ana
Author-X-Name-Last: Amante
Author-Name: Duarte Silva
Author-X-Name-First: Duarte
Author-X-Name-Last: Silva
Author-Name: Paulo Melo
Author-X-Name-First: Paulo
Author-X-Name-Last: Melo
Title: Accessibility to services of general interest in polycentric urban system planning: the case of Portugal
Abstract: 
 Today, major planning agendas in Europe steer the future of territorial organization towards an urban polycentric perspective. The accessibility to services of general interest (SGI), a significant source of spatial inequality in Europe, is one of the key challenges to address. However, instruments needed to support the implementation and monitoring of territorial policy measures regarding the distribution of, and accessibility to SGI are still under-developed. Studies generally relate to the (intra)regional and not the national scale. When they do so, they lose local specificity as they often consider the existence/availability of services at a given scale and not the actual capacity to reach their (often just estimated) location through the transport network. In the context of the revision of Portugal’s National Plan for Territorial Planning Policies, this paper presents a comprehensive multi-criteria location-based approach for measuring the factual accessibility to a representative range of SGI at the national Portuguese scale. Results are evaluated considering the dichotomy between centrality and periphery, high and low density, and the regional disparities found. High accessibility values do not necessarily mean greater territorial cohesion. Contributions to the development of national planning policies that respond to cohesion challenges are also debated.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1068-1094
Issue: 6
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1658718
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1658718
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Getzner
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Getzner
Author-Name: Justin Kadi
Author-X-Name-First: Justin
Author-X-Name-Last: Kadi
Title: Determinants of land consumption in Austria and the effects of spatial planning regulations
Abstract: 
 A substantial area of permanently habitable land in Austria is already sealed to be used for residential, commercial, and infrastructural purposes. Although the annual land consumption used for these purposes has slightly decreased over the last 20 years, it is still at an alarmingly high rate. In 1996, the daily land consumption corresponded to over 30 hectares, while it dropped to about 10 hectares in 2016. In this paper the determinants of land consumption were confirmed within the econometric framework of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC). In the EKC it is assumed that there is an inverted-U shaped connection between the GDP and land consumption. In this conceptual framework, the effectiveness of spatial planning frameworks, such as the Austrian Spatial Development Concept (ÖREK), was tested. The results show that, in Austria, there is a general trend towards a decrease in land consumption. The effectiveness of spatial planning frameworks is, however, not discernible from the general influence of an increase in the GDP. Both the increasing scarcity of land (reflected in the increasing land prices) and the increased efficiency of the use of land (as a result of population density and urbanization), contribute to the reduction of land consumption. This indicates that additional and more effective policy instruments, such as brownfield and inward development, land mobilization strategies, higher land taxes and urban contractual agreements are all urgently needed to reduce land consumption to much lower sustainable levels.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1095-1117
Issue: 6
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1604634
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1604634
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Keyang Li
Author-X-Name-First: Keyang
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Author-Name: Perrine Dethier
Author-X-Name-First: Perrine
Author-X-Name-Last: Dethier
Author-Name: Anders Eika
Author-X-Name-First: Anders
Author-X-Name-Last: Eika
Author-Name: D. Ary A. Samsura
Author-X-Name-First: D. Ary A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Samsura
Author-Name: Erwin van der Krabben
Author-X-Name-First: Erwin
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Krabben
Author-Name: Berit Nordahl
Author-X-Name-First: Berit
Author-X-Name-Last: Nordahl
Author-Name: Jean-Marie Halleux
Author-X-Name-First: Jean-Marie
Author-X-Name-Last: Halleux
Title: Measuring and comparing planning cultures: risk, trust and co-operative attitudes in experimental games
Abstract: 
 Cultural impacts in planning increasingly receive attention from both academics and practitioners around Europe. However, comparative planning cultures studies face the challenges of lacking systematic comparison and empirical evidence, especially at the micro level of planning actors’ behaviour in interaction. This article aims to fill these gaps by (1) operationalizing the concept of planning culture; and (2) measuring and comparing it. We base our operationalization on the culturized planning model (Knieling, J., & Othengrafen, F. (Eds.). (2009). Planning cultures in Europe: Decoding cultural phenomena in urban and regional planning. Farnham: Ashgate). We complement its explanatory power by building a link between planning culture and planning outcome through attitudes of planning actors. This article focuses on three attitudes: risk, trust and co-operation. To measure and compare these attitudes, we adopt three experimental economic games and conduct an experiment with public and private planning practitioners in three European countries: Belgium, the Netherlands and Norway. Both cross-country and public-private differences in these attitudes are tested in the experiment. Our experimental findings suggest that Dutch planning actors value risk aversion and trust; Norwegian planning actors value cooperation; while (French-speaking) Belgian planning actors do not value these variables that much.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1118-1138
Issue: 6
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1612325
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1612325
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Moneyba González Medina
Author-X-Name-First: Moneyba González
Author-X-Name-Last: Medina
Author-Name: María Ángeles Huete García
Author-X-Name-First: María Ángeles
Author-X-Name-Last: Huete García
Title: Real innovation in urban planning? Assessing the institutional capacity in the frame of the integrated sustainable urban development programmes
Abstract: 
 Since the 1990s, the EU Urban policy has provided several opportunities to explore innovation at local level. This policy is based on the so-called Integrated Sustainable Urban Development (ISUD) approach. This paper explores to what extent the URBANA programme, launched by the Spanish government in the frame of the EU Cohesion Policy 2007–2013, has promoted a ‘new way of doing things’ in local administrations. The research addresses three main objectives. Firstly, to identify which abilities are linked to the ISUD approach. Secondly, to understand how urban managers’ capacity has been developed within local administrations in the frame of the URBANA programme. Finally, to assess the effect of URBANA Institutional Capacity (IC) on the local administration. The information has been obtained from the analysis of EU and Spanish official documents, in-depth interviews and a questionnaire targeted to the local technicians. The general conclusion is that there is evidence of an urban Europeanisation in Spain. The mainstream of the ISUD approach is clear at formal level, but also in the level of acceptance of these requirements by the Spanish municipalities. The ISUD approach remains as a ‘way of doing’, even if proposals are not co-funded by EU funds.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1139-1160
Issue: 6
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1675601
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1675601
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sara Gustafsson
Author-X-Name-First: Sara
Author-X-Name-Last: Gustafsson
Author-Name: Ingrid Mignon
Author-X-Name-First: Ingrid
Author-X-Name-Last: Mignon
Title: Municipalities as intermediaries for the design and local implementation of climate visions
Abstract: 
 The transition to a sustainable society requires the development of visions paving the way for socio-technical changes. In recent years, the literature on sustainable transitions and urban planning has highlighted the intermediation role of municipalities to implement international and national goals and visions at a local level. Yet, empirical research studying municipalities from the lens of the intermediation theory are sparse. This paper aims at contributing to a better understanding of what strategies municipalities use when intermediating between and within different scales of governance (i.e. local, national and international), and what factors influence the choice of strategies. Through semi-structured interviews and document studies, three Swedish municipalities are studied. Results show that these municipalities translate the visions through local experiments, task delegation and coalitions. Additionally, the analysis indicates that the local circumstances, rather than the relations between the local level and the higher levels of governance or the guidance of national policies, influence the choice of intermediation strategy. Particularly, whether the management approach is centralized or decentralized, result- or process-oriented, participative or exclusive, is determinant. Results also indicate that municipalities perform both top-down and bottom-up intermediation, i.e. closing the loop from the local to the national and/or international levels.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1161-1182
Issue: 6
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1612327
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1612327
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christer Persson
Author-X-Name-First: Christer
Author-X-Name-Last: Persson
Title: Perform or conform? Looking for the strategic in municipal spatial planning in Sweden
Abstract: 
 In recent decades, various strategic approaches to spatial planning have been introduced and implemented in Sweden, although the planning system itself has not fundamentally changed. However, strategic spatial planning is not a fixed and regulated institutional practice in either planning in general or in the Swedish planning system. To investigate strategic planning practice in Sweden, 16 recently approved comprehensive plans were studied to elucidate how strategic planning is understood and conceptualized by planners and then expressed in a statutory planning instrument. Although there is no ‘right theory’ of strategic planning, to avoid an ‘anything-goes’ attitude towards strategic planning, the contents of the studied plans were set against an ideal, normative model compiled from the academic debate, thus researching practice in dialogue with theory. The results indicate that comprehensive plans, rather than being contextually embedded, follow generic models of environmental scanning and strategy making, and most visions reiterate common political goals and slogans found everywhere. The plans often become catalogues of detailed instructions that, although not legally binding, tend to steer practice into predefined paths framed by generic doctrines within the planning community, rather than being the flexible and open-minded planning instruments that academic ideals prescribe.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1183-1199
Issue: 6
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1614150
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1614150
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Claudia Popescu
Author-X-Name-First: Claudia
Author-X-Name-Last: Popescu
Title: ‘Back to the village’: the model of urban outmigration in post-communist Romania
Abstract: 
 The paper is based on the assumption that the ‘back-to-the-village’ movement is a spatial outcome of recent choices that people make in response to emerging social, political and economic changes of post-socialist cities. It examines the combined effect of counter and suburbanization processes on the redistribution patterns of population where the countryside ‘empowered’ by the land reform and the structural changes of urban economies explain the reversal of internal migration of population in search of social security and better livelihoods. Urban outmigration reflects the articulations between labour market, business dynamics, social exclusion, economic profile and urban function across the layers of the urban system. The findings pinpoint the main drivers of urban outmigration within the context of deindustrialization, de-urbanization and ‘ruralization’ of urban economies. While the urban outmigration shows that urban-rural dichotomy is deeply ‘blurred’ by the scale and nature of urban socio-economic transformations, interurban inequalities are growing and require specific policy interventions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1200-1218
Issue: 6
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1645815
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1645815
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tijana Dabović
Author-X-Name-First: Tijana
Author-X-Name-Last: Dabović
Author-Name: Dejan Djordjević
Author-X-Name-First: Dejan
Author-X-Name-Last: Djordjević
Author-Name: Bojana Poledica
Author-X-Name-First: Bojana
Author-X-Name-Last: Poledica
Author-Name: Milan Radović
Author-X-Name-First: Milan
Author-X-Name-Last: Radović
Author-Name: Marija R. Jeftić
Author-X-Name-First: Marija R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Jeftić
Title: Compliance with social requirements for integrated local land use planning in Serbia
Abstract: 
 Integrated local land use planning (ILLUP) is promoted as one of the planning instruments in giving territorial expression to societies’ goals, such as sustainable development. Similar efforts were invested in Serbia twice – during the post-WWII socialist period and during the transition towards democratic capitalism after 2000. However, our research on local land use planning as an integrated approach revealed significant inconsistencies in the practice in Serbia with the intended ILLUP. This directed the literature search and review and helped conceptualize not only process-, but also system-related social ILLUP requirements needed for employing the instrument. Apart from offering the heterarchical structure of ILLUP requirements, the paper explains its evolution and advocates calibrating the contextualization with standardization during ILLUP research.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1219-1241
Issue: 6
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1658720
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1658720
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sofia Pagliarin
Author-X-Name-First: Sofia
Author-X-Name-Last: Pagliarin
Author-Name: Anna M. Hersperger
Author-X-Name-First: Anna M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hersperger
Author-Name: Benoît Rihoux
Author-X-Name-First: Benoît
Author-X-Name-Last: Rihoux
Title: Implementation pathways of large-scale urban development projects (lsUDPs) in Western Europe: a qualitative comparative analysis (QCA)
Abstract: 
 As powerful landmarks to steer local and regional development, strategic projects are often linked with strategic spatial plans. However, the key question remains as to what extent strategic urban projects and plans can be regarded as aligned. By building on previous international comparative research, we identify five main conditions assumed to enable, in combination, the alignment between strategic projects and plans. By adopting a qualitative, multi-method empirical strategy (interviews, site visits, online questionnaire, additional literature) and by performing fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fs-QCA), we compare 38 European large-scale urban development projects (lsUDPs) and assess which combinations of conditions support concordance of the projects with strategic spatial plans (SSPs). Our analysis shows that there are five pathways, factored out into two main patterns, enabling alignment. Substantial variation in our cases appears to be captured by: (i) considerable involvement of the national state combined with (inter)national private actors and (ii) a considerable involvement of private actors combined with international external events.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1242-1263
Issue: 6
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1681942
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1681942
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Triin Ojari
Author-X-Name-First: Triin
Author-X-Name-Last: Ojari
Title: Housing Estates in the Baltic Countries: The Legacy of Central Planning in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1264-1265
Issue: 6
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1714849
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1714849
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arne Isaksen
Author-X-Name-First: Arne
Author-X-Name-Last: Isaksen
Author-Name: Nina Kyllingstad
Author-X-Name-First: Nina
Author-X-Name-Last: Kyllingstad
Author-Name: Jan Ole Rypestøl
Author-X-Name-First: Jan Ole
Author-X-Name-Last: Rypestøl
Author-Name: Ann Camilla Schulze-Krogh
Author-X-Name-First: Ann Camilla
Author-X-Name-Last: Schulze-Krogh
Title: Differentiated regional entrepreneurial discovery processes. A conceptual discussion and empirical illustration from three emergent clusters
Abstract: 
 The paper aims to contribute to better understanding of entrepreneurial discovery processes and regional industrial growth by examining (1) how different regional contexts affect entrepreneurial discoveries, and (2) how entrepreneurial discoveries support specific types of industrial path development in different regions. The paper includes empirical studies of the formation and growth of three ‘official’ regional clusters supported by Innovation Norway’s programme for immature clusters. The paper argues that entrepreneurial discoveries should be institutionalized (by system level entrepreneurs) to achieve considerable regional industrial effects. In our cases institutionalization occurs through the creation of cluster organizations and development of the knowledge infrastructure.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2200-2215
Issue: 11
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1530143
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1530143
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: L. Nieth
Author-X-Name-First: L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Nieth
Author-Name: P. Benneworth
Author-X-Name-First: P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Benneworth
Author-Name: D. Charles
Author-X-Name-First: D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Charles
Author-Name: L. Fonseca
Author-X-Name-First: L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Fonseca
Author-Name: C. Rodrigues
Author-X-Name-First: C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodrigues
Author-Name: M. Salomaa
Author-X-Name-First: M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Salomaa
Author-Name: M. Stienstra
Author-X-Name-First: M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Stienstra
Title: Embedding entrepreneurial regional innovation ecosystems: reflecting on the role of effectual entrepreneurial discovery processes
Abstract: 
 Collaboration between regional stakeholders is increasingly emphasized in innovation policy as a way to activate the inherent agency in a regional innovation system. Partnerships of diverse stakeholders have been identified as critical, being able to envisage and implement future pathways that in turn bring change to a region. Thus, the knowledge of various stakeholders is supposed to be combined in novel ways in order to define regional assets and possible future pathways. Nevertheless, it has been recognized that these agency activation approaches often fail to realize these long-term visions initially agreed by partners. We here draw on Sotarauta’s notion of policy ‘black holes’, where regional partners repeat past superficial successes rather than driving in to systemic change. We seek to understand the conditions under which regional stakeholders can build realistic and adaptable strategies that shift regional development trajectories. We explore this via a qualitative approach comparing entrepreneurial discovery processes in three peripheral regions, namely Twente (Netherlands), Aveiro (Portugal) and Lincolnshire (UK). We reflect on the potential value of more effectual (opportunistic/ flexible) approaches to entrepreneurial discovery. We argue that black hole problems may arise from the way agency activation strategies conceptualize long-term strategy development, if partners’ mind-sets are too causal and lacking flexibility to continually reorient strategies during implementation better towards these collective visions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2147-2166
Issue: 11
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1530144
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1530144
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carla Susana Marques
Author-X-Name-First: Carla Susana
Author-X-Name-Last: Marques
Author-Name: Chris Gerry
Author-X-Name-First: Chris
Author-X-Name-Last: Gerry
Author-Name: Carlos Peixeira Marques
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos Peixeira
Author-X-Name-Last: Marques
Title: The long road from one-size-fits-all SME promotion to bespoke business start-ups
Abstract: 
 This paper reports and reflects on the results of an evaluation of the contribution to local and regional development of the EDP Sustainable Entrepreneurship Award, as applied in the Tua Valley (North East Interior of Portugal). Using semi-structured interview schedules, data was collected from young participants in the programme – both those who had gone on to set up their own businesses and those who had opted not to proceed with their business plan. Municipal support staff – the institutional partners most closely involved in the programme – were also interviewed. Content analysis of interview transcripts suggests that the implementation of the programme delivered greater awareness of self-employment opportunities both to young people and to support staff, which in turn helped to develop local entrepreneurial potential and, ultimately, foster the emergence of sustainable new firms. Thus the programme set in motion a significant process of entrepreneurship and innovation in what is a relatively peripheral territory. Improvements to the monitoring of programme performance will allow new learning processes to evolve so that shifts in the dynamics of the programme’s stakeholder network can be more quickly reflected in operational terms, delivering greater capacity to stimulate business start-ups whose sustainability is based on policy initiatives that are ‘made-to-measure’ with respect to local conditions, extra-local opportunities and global challenges.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2216-2236
Issue: 11
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1530145
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1530145
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Luís Farinha
Author-X-Name-First: Luís
Author-X-Name-Last: Farinha
Author-Name: João Ferreira
Author-X-Name-First: João
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferreira
Author-Name: Vanessa Ratten
Author-X-Name-First: Vanessa
Author-X-Name-Last: Ratten
Title: Regional innovation systems and entrepreneurial embeddedness
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2105-2113
Issue: 11
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1530146
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1530146
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dieter Franz Kogler
Author-X-Name-First: Dieter Franz
Author-X-Name-Last: Kogler
Author-Name: Gaston Heimeriks
Author-X-Name-First: Gaston
Author-X-Name-Last: Heimeriks
Author-Name: Loet Leydesdorff
Author-X-Name-First: Loet
Author-X-Name-Last: Leydesdorff
Title: Patent portfolio analysis of cities: statistics and maps of technological inventiveness
Abstract: 
 Cities can be considered as engines of the knowledge-based economy, because they are the primary sites of knowledge production activities that subsequently shape the rate and direction of technological change and economic growth. Patents provide rich information to analyse the knowledge specialization of specific places, such as technological details and information on inventors and entities involved. The technology codes attributed at the level of individual patent documents can be used to indicate the diversity and scope of the knowledge claims underlying a specific invention. In this study we introduce tools for portfolio analysis in terms of patents that provide insights into the technological specialization of cities. The mapping and analysis of patent portfolios of cities exploits data derived from the Unites States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) and dedicated tools (at https://leydesdorff.net/software/patents/). The results allow policy makers and other stakeholders to identify promising areas of further knowledge development, including smart specialization strategies.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2256-2278
Issue: 11
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1530147
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1530147
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: João Lopes
Author-X-Name-First: João
Author-X-Name-Last: Lopes
Author-Name: Luís Farinha
Author-X-Name-First: Luís
Author-X-Name-Last: Farinha
Author-Name: João J. Ferreira
Author-X-Name-First: João J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferreira
Author-Name: Paulo Silveira
Author-X-Name-First: Paulo
Author-X-Name-Last: Silveira
Title: Smart specialization policies: innovative performance models from European regions
Abstract: 
 This research seeks to identify the factors that best explain the performance of regional innovation in Europe, in the era of smart specialization. Data were collected from the Regional Innovation Scoreboard 2016 and a quantitative methodology was followed using linear regressions as statistical methods. The results allowed us to reach four explanatory models of performance innovation for Innovative Regions Leader, Strong, Moderate and Modest. Some policies have also been suggested as possible regional innovation measures that can help policy makers to clarify and improve the innovation performance of these regions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2114-2124
Issue: 11
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1530148
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1530148
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marina Ranga
Author-X-Name-First: Marina
Author-X-Name-Last: Ranga
Title: Smart specialization as a strategy to develop early-stage regional innovation systems
Abstract: 
 This paper discusses the role of smart specialization in catalyzing the development of early-stage regional innovation systems in less advanced regions, either by facilitating the emergence of some defining elements that were lacking or accelerating the development of others, such as: a regional knowledge base and a dynamic learning process, institutional structures, network integration mechanisms among key innovation actors, regional industrial specializations, and collective identities. The paper exemplifies this process with the case of Romania, a country where the research and innovation system is centralized at national level and regional innovation systems are in the early days. The transformations taking place in the Romanian regions within the process of implementing smart specialization, assisted by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre in the project “Targeted Support to Smart Specialization in Romania”, suggest a dynamic coagulation of institutional, financial, policy, and human factors that catalyzed the development of regional innovation systems in the country and introduced a novel approach to innovation policy.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2125-2146
Issue: 11
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1530149
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1530149
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Kedron
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Kedron
Author-Name: Sharmistha Bagchi-Sen
Author-X-Name-First: Sharmistha
Author-X-Name-Last: Bagchi-Sen
Title: Explanations of firm survival in renewable energy in the United States: a study of ethanol refineries
Abstract: 
 Firm survival is key in understanding the evolution of industries and the larger economy. Although exit and entry are common occurrences during an industry’s life cycle, it is not always easy to predict who will survive. Literature suggests a range of factors, both internal and external to the firm, and corresponding measures as determinants of survival or exit. However, these measures do not directly explain firm-level strategies such as internal adjustments to external conditions. In this paper, we use the U.S. biofuel industry to examine firm survival. As a resource-based industry focused on process innovation, biofuel production attracted farmer-entrepreneurs and related-industry investors after policies mandates and subsidies generated a dedicated market for the fuel. Despite support, not all firms survived a period of industrial sorting that followed the 2007–2008 recession. This study shows that local connections/embeddedness, knowledge base and knowledge sharing, and entrepreneurial efforts were critical for firm survival in addition to age, capacity, ownership, and location.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2237-2255
Issue: 11
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1530150
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1530150
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:26:y:2018:i:11:p:2237-2255




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Judith Terstriep
Author-X-Name-First: Judith
Author-X-Name-Last: Terstriep
Author-Name: Christian Lüthje
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Lüthje
Title: Innovation, knowledge and relations – on the role of clusters for firms’ innovativeness
Abstract: 
 For more than two decades, theories on regional clusters have inspired economic and structural policies at the European, national and regional levels. Based on the assumption that clusters generate innovation, policy-makers at all levels of governance have adopted instruments and mechanisms to stimulate, resource and sustain clusters. Despite the considerable attention paid to the clustering phenomenon, empirical evidence on to what extent firms’ innovation activities benefit from operating in clusters is scarce and inconclusive. This paper contributes to the micro-foundation of clustering effects by examining the characteristics and activities of cluster firms in relation to their innovativeness. Bridging innovation, management and cluster theories, it is argued that structural and relational embeddedness, relational capital and absorptive capacity influence clustered firms' innovativeness. Partial least-squares structural equation modelling of data from 104 firms in two software and information technology service sector clusters reveals that firms’ structural embeddedness (i.e. frequency of interactions) in clusters and external networks facilitates innovation cooperation. Firms’ absorptive capacity reinforces this positive effect of cluster-internal interactions on innovation cooperation. Results also suggest a substitution effect of trust as relational control mechanisms for formal control mechanisms within the cluster. However, the study finds no significant impact of firms’ innovation cooperation within the cluster (i.e. relational embeddedness) on their innovation success.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2167-2199
Issue: 11
Volume: 26
Year: 2018
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1530152
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1530152
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Judith Terstriep
Author-X-Name-First: Judith
Author-X-Name-Last: Terstriep
Author-Name: Dieter Rehfeld
Author-X-Name-First: Dieter
Author-X-Name-Last: Rehfeld
Title: Bridging local embeddedness and global dynamics – the economics of social innovation
Abstract: 
 Research on social innovation has gained momentum over the last decade, spurred notably by the growing interest in social issues related to policy making, public management and entrepreneurship in response to the wicked problems societies in Europe and worldwide face. Its popularity among academics and policy makers also marks a turning point in how innovations are thought of and what their role in economic development is. However, for social innovations to unfold their full potential for the beneficiaries and societies at large a better understanding of underlying mechanisms, processes and impacts is necessary. Focusing on ‘the economics of social innovation’, this special issue addresses a widely neglected topic in regional development. The contributions cover distinct but complementary and related aspects concerning the existing gap between the hitherto unexploited potential of social innovation in relation to the complex and interrelated socio-economic challenges regions across Europe and globally face. This editorial provides a brief introduction in the Special Issue’s general theme followed by an overview of the lines of argumentation and main results of the contributions. It concludes with an outlook on future research.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 853-863
Issue: 5
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1766106
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1766106
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alessandro Deserti
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandro
Author-X-Name-Last: Deserti
Author-Name: Francesca Rizzo
Author-X-Name-First: Francesca
Author-X-Name-Last: Rizzo
Title: Context dependency of social innovation: in search of new sustainability models
Abstract: 
 Increasing attention is being paid towards the potential of social innovation (SI) in responding to society’s greatest challenges. While measures have been taken to support the flourishing of these innovations, they have thus far been made on ideal models of development, misaligned with what occurs in reality. This has led to the creation of supporting infrastructures that fail to respond to the real needs of social innovators. The article seeks to provide a picture of the real SI development process through a case-based discussion coming from the results of the SIMPACT European research project. The article will also present areas of improvement and reflection, on which to develop an evidence-based model of SI development. Moreover, it will connect SIs with local conditions that determine their development, suggesting that their growth and diffusion are primarily based on the adaptation to the context rather than on the scaling up mechanisms that characterize for-profits. The article argues that this leads to the necessity for social innovators to find a difficult balance among contradictory needs, and to develop peculiar typologies of business models to make their innovations sustainable.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 864-880
Issue: 5
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1634005
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1634005
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Judith Terstriep
Author-X-Name-First: Judith
Author-X-Name-Last: Terstriep
Author-Name: Dieter Rehfeld
Author-X-Name-First: Dieter
Author-X-Name-Last: Rehfeld
Author-Name: Maria Kleverbeck
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Kleverbeck
Title: Favourable social innovation ecosystem(s)? – An explorative approach
Abstract: 
 Questioning the purely business-orientated, technology-centred use of the term ‘innovation’, research on social innovation has gained momentum in recent years. While significant progress has been made as regards the theoretical foundation of social innovation, the ‘ecosystem’ facilitating respective innovative activities remains rather vague and ambiguous. Most research informing our understanding draws on related but distinct concepts, such as Regional Innovation Systems (RIS). Following on from this debate, this article reflects on common features and differences between social innovation and other forms of innovation, and the resulting requirements for a Social Innovation Ecosystem (SIES). Drawing on data from the two European research projects, SIMPACT and SI-DRIVE, the article reflects on SIES from the perspective of RIS as an analytical framework, and strategic and management concept. It is argued that, due to a multiplicity of social innovation activities and their local embeddedness, no best solution for SIES exists. We posit that establishing a SIES necessitates (1) a mode of governance that integrates actors from civil society, and the social, economic and academic field; (2) social innovation hubs, labs and transfer centres as intermediaries that accelerate social innovation activities; and (3) the integration of different modes of innovation in transformational innovation strategies.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 881-905
Issue: 5
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1708868
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1708868
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alfonso Unceta
Author-X-Name-First: Alfonso
Author-X-Name-Last: Unceta
Author-Name: Álvaro Luna
Author-X-Name-First: Álvaro
Author-X-Name-Last: Luna
Author-Name: Javier Castro
Author-X-Name-First: Javier
Author-X-Name-Last: Castro
Author-Name: Rene Wintjes
Author-X-Name-First: Rene
Author-X-Name-Last: Wintjes
Title: Social Innovation Regime: an integrated approach to measure social innovation
Abstract: 
 This paper is focussed on the development of an exploratory integrated perspective to understand and measure Social Innovation Ecosystems through the notion of Social Innovation Regime. This concept builds upon the interrelation between socioeconomic contexts of SI (meso–macro levels) and intra/inter-organizational dynamics (micro level), where SIs are developing. That is to say, the ways in which the social economy and social organizations are connected to a broader SI Ecosystem where the socioeconomic contexts surrounding National Welfare Regime try to answer to the policy and market failures that have an impact on regional vulnerability rates. This article suggests the hypothesis that there is an interrelation between the strength of Welfare Regimes and Social Innovation Ecosystems, at a time where Social Policies and Welfare States all over the world are weakened or in crisis, opening the door to social innovation. This paper describes this connection through the notion of Social Innovation Regime, proposing an interesting exploratory framework to explore the socio-structural factors through which a country or region presents a set of vulnerabilities which can transform into unattended social problems. Finally, this analysis can contribute to the methodologies on SI measurement and impact by determining the regional vulnerability rate – social, economic, institutional, environmental – inside welfare regimes.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 906-924
Issue: 5
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1578338
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1578338
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Rabadjieva
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Rabadjieva
Author-Name: Anna Butzin
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Butzin
Title: Emergence and diffusion of social innovation through practice fields
Abstract: 
 The paper analyses how social innovations diffuse after their initial development. By taking a practice theories’ perspective, the research suggests that social innovations diffuse through travelling elements of material, competence and meaning rather than solely through social interaction. This explains why similar social innovations, for example, urban gardening initiatives, emerge at a global scale without interaction between actors of different initiatives. It is argued that practice fields of social innovations promote the diffusion. Practice fields are bundles of similar social innovation initiatives, for example, car-sharing, urban gardening, repair cafés, etc. and facilitate the travelling of elements. Several further advantages are related to studying social innovation with a practice theories’ approach. These are amongst others the focus on activity and doing in contrast to different actors and their roles, the consideration of technology as an integral part of a practice and not as something opposed to social innovation, and the pronunciation of meaning giving credit to societal values and symbolic attributes related to social innovation.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 925-940
Issue: 5
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1577362
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1577362
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mehtap Akgüç
Author-X-Name-First: Mehtap
Author-X-Name-Last: Akgüç
Title: Understanding the determinants of social innovation in Europe: an econometric approach
Abstract: 
 The objective of the paper is to understand the various determinants of social innovation incidence at the macroeconomic level across countries in Europe. Using a multivariate regression framework, the paper analyses the role of various characteristics from the ecosystem in which social innovations occur. In particular, the paper quantifies the relative importance of several factors, such as educational attainment, ease of doing business index, corruption index, risk preferences, cultural and social norms, to name a few. Methodologically, the paper takes into account the evolution of macroeconomic circumstances, such as the economic crisis of 2008 or general time trend, by collecting a panel data of various indicators from different data sources across countries and over time. As part of robustness checks, the paper uses three different measures of social innovation and includes country fixed effects to account for heterogeneities across countries.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 941-954
Issue: 5
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1578732
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1578732
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Flor Avelino
Author-X-Name-First: Flor
Author-X-Name-Last: Avelino
Author-Name: Adina Dumitru
Author-X-Name-First: Adina
Author-X-Name-Last: Dumitru
Author-Name: Carla Cipolla
Author-X-Name-First: Carla
Author-X-Name-Last: Cipolla
Author-Name: Iris Kunze
Author-X-Name-First: Iris
Author-X-Name-Last: Kunze
Author-Name: Julia Wittmayer
Author-X-Name-First: Julia
Author-X-Name-Last: Wittmayer
Title: Translocal empowerment in transformative social innovation networks
Abstract: 
 This paper contributes to public and academic discussions on empowerment and social innovation by conceptualizing the mechanisms of empowerment from a social psychology perspective, and empirically exploring how people are empowered through both local and transnational linkages, i.e. translocal networks. Section 2 conceptualizes empowerment as the process through which actors gain the capacity to mobilize resources to achieve a goal, building on different power theories in relation to social change, combined with self-determination theory and intrinsic motivation research. Based on that conceptualization, empirical questions are formulated to be asked about cases under study. Section 3 then provides an empirical analysis of translocal networks that work with social innovation both at the global and local level. A total of five networks are analyzed: FEBEA, DESIS, the Global Ecovillage Network, Impact Hub and Slow Food. The embedded cases-study approach allows an exploration of how people are empowered through the transnational networking while also zooming in on the dynamics in local initiatives. In the final section, conceptual and empirical insights are synthesized into a characterization of the mechanisms of translocal empowerment, and challenges for future research are formulated.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 955-977
Issue: 5
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1578339
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1578339
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sebastian Merkel
Author-X-Name-First: Sebastian
Author-X-Name-Last: Merkel
Title: Applying the concept of social innovation to population-based healthcare
Abstract: 
 Population-based healthcare follows an integrated and regional approach instead of focusing on single individuals and marks a new way of how healthcare is organized and provided. Although promoted by policy-makers, up to date these models are rather an exception than the norm. Still, there are some successful examples. This paper focuses on population-based integrated care programmes in Germany and draws its conclusions on a case study within the German healthcare system. Applying the concept of social innovation, we discuss the potential benefits but also limitations of population-based healthcare and explain why these approaches have not been able to achieve the impact that many stakeholders expected.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 978-990
Issue: 5
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2018.1552664
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2018.1552664
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jennifer Eckhardt
Author-X-Name-First: Jennifer
Author-X-Name-Last: Eckhardt
Author-Name: Christoph Kaletka
Author-X-Name-First: Christoph
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaletka
Author-Name: Bastian Pelka
Author-X-Name-First: Bastian
Author-X-Name-Last: Pelka
Title: Monitoring inclusive urban development alongside a human rights approach on participation opportunities
Abstract: 
 Visions of a society for all are closely intertwined with the question of how to develop inclusive communities. Social innovations are able to facilitate inclusion and catalyse the improvement of participation opportunities, especially in urban settings, as this is the place where positive and negative transformation becomes noticeable first. New legislation on international, national, as well as on regional and communal levels has set new goals and standards regarding social inclusion in urban structures, and monitoring and reporting efforts will show whether these requirements are met or not. In recent years, social monitoring and reporting systems have evolved and gained a human rights-based perspective by denoting the actual life-situation of people affected. On the basis of the human rights approach to participation, Germany started to reconfigure its reporting system. First municipalities have started to implement it.This Paper reflects on two different approaches to implement the new federal reporting system on a local level. Based on a generic context-understanding guide of innovative processes, collaborative municipal reporting is analysed as a social innovation itself. It especially tries to single out the benefits collaborative and interdisciplinary modes of work may hold for city administrations in the field of social reporting efforts.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 991-1009
Issue: 5
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1713995
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1713995
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tamami Komatsu Cipriani
Author-X-Name-First: Tamami
Author-X-Name-Last: Komatsu Cipriani
Author-Name: Christoph Kaletka
Author-X-Name-First: Christoph
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaletka
Author-Name: Bastian Pelka
Author-X-Name-First: Bastian
Author-X-Name-Last: Pelka
Title: Transition through design: enabling innovation via empowered ecosystems
Abstract: 
 The problems society faces today are increasingly complex and rooted in likewise complex socio-technical systems. Unfortunately, the structures meant to face these challenges are not suitably equipped. There is a mismatch between the need and the capacity to respond. Design methods and approaches are now being employed to help capacitate cities and communities and structure social innovations around larger transition visions. As social innovations are highly context-dependent, the distinctive characteristics of the local context become important to the success or failure of such initiatives. In the paper, the authors explore this topic through the study of two cases in which top-down visions, negotiated at the niche-level, gave way to the structuration of an empowered ecosystem of actors, serving as a platform for iterative, social change. The cases are analyzed through an ‘Onion model’ in which four contexts are explored: roles, functions, structures and norms.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1010-1025
Issue: 5
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1680612
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1680612
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Doris Schartinger
Author-X-Name-First: Doris
Author-X-Name-Last: Schartinger
Author-Name: Dieter Rehfeld
Author-X-Name-First: Dieter
Author-X-Name-Last: Rehfeld
Author-Name: Matthias Weber
Author-X-Name-First: Matthias
Author-X-Name-Last: Weber
Author-Name: Wolfram Rhomberg
Author-X-Name-First: Wolfram
Author-X-Name-Last: Rhomberg
Title: Green social innovation – towards a typology
Abstract: 
 It is the ambition of many social innovation initiatives to develop new solutions – often in the form of services – to environmental issues by locally framing often global environmental problems. These green social innovations are very diverse in nature. In order to better systematize this diversity, we first address the questions, what particular challenges do social innovations in the area of the green economy experience. Second, we want to establish a typology of social innovation initiatives that provides insights in the special challenges of social innovations in the green economy. The empirical basis for this contribution is formed by a mapping of 300 social innovation initiatives in the area of environment, energy and mobility, and expert workshops. In order to contribute to an improved understanding of the processes of social innovation and transcend the limits of the single social innovation activity, we study types of social innovations, dynamic patterns of their development and challenges specific to green social innovations.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1026-1045
Issue: 5
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1677564
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1677564
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marco Bianconi
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Bianconi
Title: Compulsory property acquisition for urban densification
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1046-1047
Issue: 5
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1694241
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1694241
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kristof Van Assche
Author-X-Name-First: Kristof
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Assche
Author-Name: Raoul Beunen
Author-X-Name-First: Raoul
Author-X-Name-Last: Beunen
Author-Name: Eduardo Oliveira
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Oliveira
Title: Rethinking planning-branding relations: an introduction
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1267-1273
Issue: 7
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1701288
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1701288
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kristof Van Assche
Author-X-Name-First: Kristof
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Assche
Author-Name: Raoul Beunen
Author-X-Name-First: Raoul
Author-X-Name-Last: Beunen
Author-Name: Eduardo Oliveira
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Oliveira
Title: Spatial planning and place branding: rethinking relations and synergies
Abstract: 
 Spatial planning and place branding are allies in the discovery and creation of place narratives and assets as well as in contributing to spatial transformation or the improvement of the socio-spatial and spatial-economic conditions of a place. However, the existing and potential linkages between spatial planning and place branding are yet to be explored by both scientists and policy-makers. The objective of this paper is twofold. First, we reflect upon the central themes of this special issue by placing them in the context of larger debates on the position of place branding and spatial planning in society. Secondly, we show that this requires attention to the many ways in which planning and branding can cross-fertilize each other and to the embedding of both in evolving spatial governance structures. We then conclude with a typology expanding the understanding of this linkage between spatial planning and place branding.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1274-1290
Issue: 7
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1701289
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1701289
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicole Porter
Author-X-Name-First: Nicole
Author-X-Name-Last: Porter
Title: Strategic planning and place branding in a World Heritage cultural landscape: a case study of the English Lake District, UK
Abstract: 
 What roles do strategic planning and place branding play in the context of UNESCO World Heritage Sites (WHS)? Here it is theorized that the processes associated with the nomination and management of WHS cultural landscapes involve an integration of planning and branding, with both practices influencing the articulation of a place’s universal value. A descriptive qualitative case study of the Lake District National Park, UK, traces the ways in which this cultural landscape was conceptualized, managed and communicated through the work of the Lake District National Park Authority (LDNPA) between 2006 and 2018. This illustrates how inscription of the English Lake District as a WHS in 2017 was a result of a Partnership approach to governance by the LDNPA, and that the Partnership’s vision of ‘sustainable development in action’ responded to planning and branding imperatives. The resulting WHS inscription recognized an ‘evolving’ cultural landscape comprising multiple landscape identities and interests – agro-pastoral, artistic/literary, and nature conservation – which are simultaneously managed through planning and promoted through leveraging the WHS brand.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1291-1314
Issue: 7
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1701297
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1701297
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Warda Belabas
Author-X-Name-First: Warda
Author-X-Name-Last: Belabas
Author-Name: Jasper Eshuis
Author-X-Name-First: Jasper
Author-X-Name-Last: Eshuis
Author-Name: Peter Scholten
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Scholten
Title: Re-imagining the city: branding migration-related diversity
Abstract: 
 How do superdiverse cities re-imagine themselves in response to migration-related diversity? Based on a double case study on the branding strategies of two superdiverse Dutch cities, Amsterdam and Rotterdam, this paper shows that although diversity is part of the brand identity in both cities, it is not used prominently in urban planning or brand communications. Migration-related diversity is re-defined strategically (as ‘cosmopolitan’ and ‘international’) for two reasons: (1) to turn it into an asset that enhances the brand, and (2) to align the brand with existing policies and political discourses on migration and accommodate political pressures. City marketers have depoliticized place branding. Marketing logic pushed migration-related diversity to the background, because according to the city marketers diversity does not help a city to stand out. There is limited interaction between spatial planners and city marketers, and marketers use spatial planning selectively in place branding.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1315-1332
Issue: 7
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1701290
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1701290
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alex Deffner
Author-X-Name-First: Alex
Author-X-Name-Last: Deffner
Author-Name: Nicholas Karachalis
Author-X-Name-First: Nicholas
Author-X-Name-Last: Karachalis
Author-Name: Eva Psatha
Author-X-Name-First: Eva
Author-X-Name-Last: Psatha
Author-Name: Theodore Metaxas
Author-X-Name-First: Theodore
Author-X-Name-Last: Metaxas
Author-Name: Kleanthis Sirakoulis
Author-X-Name-First: Kleanthis
Author-X-Name-Last: Sirakoulis
Title: City marketing and planning in two Greek cities: plurality or constraints?
Abstract: 
 The aim of this paper is to examine the relation between city/urban planning and city marketing / branding procedures through the analysis of Strategic Place Marketing implementation in two Greek cities, Larissa and Kozani. The common objective of both cases was to design and test a methodology based on participatory processes in order to plan actions that will lead to the most effective city marketing strategy for each city. The main challenge was to find a way to propose specific steps regarding the implementation of marketing plans acceptable to local stakeholders. The methodology eventually led to a consensus at local level, highlighting certain strengths and weaknesses of the cities and revealing their uniqueness. Since city marketing is connected with specific assets, urban planning and governance issues are strongly linked with its implementation. Through testing hypotheses such as planning / branding as the core of urban strategies, or the conditions under which marketing / branding can be an effective part of a wider urban development strategy, the aim is to establish whether the connections lean towards plurality or constraints.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1333-1354
Issue: 7
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1701291
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1701291
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sara Grenni
Author-X-Name-First: Sara
Author-X-Name-Last: Grenni
Author-Name: L. G. Horlings
Author-X-Name-First: L. G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Horlings
Author-Name: K. Soini
Author-X-Name-First: K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Soini
Title: Linking spatial planning and place branding strategies through cultural narratives in places
Abstract: 
 Place branding refers to the creation of value in space by reinforcing and representing place assets in a cohesive manner, as a narrative image of the place itself. Such narratives of place are important in planning as well, when developing (strategic) spatial strategies. We argue that place branding and planning can be bridged, through cultural narratives built on local knowledge and the perceived meanings and images of place. However, there is a knowledge gap on how to build cultural narratives in multi-stakeholder processes. While participatory planning methods are increasingly applied, we argue for a greater role of art and arts-based methods. Accordingly, our key question is, how can arts-based methods support the creation of cultural narratives for place branding and planning? To address this question, we outline an approach based on the principles of Appreciative Inquiry. The approach is illustrated through a case study in Finland where we initiated a process of co-creation of place-based narratives. We analyse how the process was organized and facilitated, and what the challenges and lessons learnt were. The paper ends with a discussion, and draws conclusions on the relevance of arts-based methods for the wider debate on place branding and spatial planning.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1355-1374
Issue: 7
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1701292
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1701292
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrea Lucarelli
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea
Author-X-Name-Last: Lucarelli
Author-Name: Susanna Heldt Cassel
Author-X-Name-First: Susanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Heldt Cassel
Title: The dialogical relationship between spatial planning and place branding: conceptualizing regionalization discourses in Sweden
Abstract: 
 The aim of this paper is to offer an empirically grounded conceptualization of the dialogical relationship between spatial planning and place branding in the context of regionalization. The analysis displays the discursive nature of such relationship by highlighting the intertwining of spatial planning with place branding as strategic actions devoted to, and included in, regional development processes. The analysis is based on two cases in Sweden. The first is linked to the emergence of the brand ‘Stockholm, the Capital of Scandinavia’, and the other is linked to the emergence of the brand ‘Swedish Lapland’. By combining data collected longitudinally, these cases represent two contrasting examples of dialogical relationships that materialize through two distinct yet somehow similar strategic processes of regionalization. Based on the two cases, the paper presents and discusses an empirically driven, albeit conceptual, model that highlights the dialogical relationship of regionalization as regional strategic policy and points out its spatial and political evolutionary features.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1375-1392
Issue: 7
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1701293
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1701293
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jordi de San Eugenio-Vela
Author-X-Name-First: Jordi de San
Author-X-Name-Last: Eugenio-Vela
Author-Name: Xavier Ginesta
Author-X-Name-First: Xavier
Author-X-Name-Last: Ginesta
Author-Name: Mihalis Kavaratzis
Author-X-Name-First: Mihalis
Author-X-Name-Last: Kavaratzis
Title: The critical role of stakeholder engagement in a place branding strategy: a case study of the Empordà brand
Abstract: 
 This article investigates the role of local stakeholders in the development and implementation of the place branding strategy of the northern Catalan region Empordà. Stakeholder-oriented and participatory approaches towards both place branding and spatial planning provide the theoretical background. The research involved an initial SWOT Analysis, fifteen thematic focus groups and nineteen semi-structured interviews with local stakeholders, as well as a paper-based and on-line questionnaire that opened the process of the brand's conceptualization to all residents. The article discusses the development of the brand, the revision of the storytelling for the territory and the proposal for the logo and slogan ‘Empordà, tocat pels déus’ [Empordà, Touched by the Gods]. On the one hand, the case study demonstrates the value of participatory place branding processes showing that local communities become brand advocates when they are involved throughout the development of a place brand. On the other hand, it highlights the challenges to participatory planning and governance within place brand management, especially when strategic thinking turns into a short-term public-policy approach. The article argues for a more participatory governance of the place brand and reinforces that stakeholder engagement is essential in establishing stronger links between place branding and spatial planning.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1393-1412
Issue: 7
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1701294
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1701294
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Cecilia Pasquinelli
Author-X-Name-First: Cecilia
Author-X-Name-Last: Pasquinelli
Author-Name: Renaud Vuignier
Author-X-Name-First: Renaud
Author-X-Name-Last: Vuignier
Title: Place marketing, policy integration and governance complexity: an analytical framework for FDI promotion
Abstract: 
 This paper focuses on the marketing of regions and cities within the global market for foreign direct investments (FDIs). In a context in which place marketing and place branding are employed as tools for local and regional development, this paper aims to discuss, within the broader place marketing and branding discourse, the extent to which FDI promotion has evolved in pursuit of the relative economic prosperity of local communities. In so doing, this paper investigates the evolution of FDI promotion and its degree of integration with diverse local policy domains. The cases of Ontario (Canada), Tuscany (Italy) and Western Switzerland are taken as illustrative examples of the intertwining of the three dimensions that this paper identifies as fundamental to the analysis of FDI promotion, namely (a) FDI policy generation, (b) the relationship of place branding and place marketing and (c) governance complexity. In light of the results, the relation between FDI promotion and strategic planning is discussed, by drawing attention to critical aspects of policy integration.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1413-1430
Issue: 7
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1701295
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1701295
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Uroš Radosavljević
Author-X-Name-First: Uroš
Author-X-Name-Last: Radosavljević
Author-Name: Aleksandra Đorđević
Author-X-Name-First: Aleksandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Đorđević
Author-Name: Jelena Živković
Author-X-Name-First: Jelena
Author-X-Name-Last: Živković
Author-Name: Kseniјa Lalović
Author-X-Name-First: Kseniјa
Author-X-Name-Last: Lalović
Author-Name: Zoran Đukanović
Author-X-Name-First: Zoran
Author-X-Name-Last: Đukanović
Title: Educational projects for linking place branding and urban planning in Serbia
Abstract: 
 The influence of place branding in urban development has more importance than ever. Nevertheless, little attention is given to how place branding strategies are interrelated with planning, especially in post-socialist urban development. The purpose of this paper is to critically explore experimental educational projects conducted through cooperation between academia and local governments in Serbia, perceived as a simulation of strategic planning and place branding. We argue that educational projects hold power to create additional value in place and contribute to place branding by using a variety of planning and design instruments as a means of transformative spatial and social change both for communities and students as future planners. This paper uses theoretical exploration to develop reflective structural elements and a set of criteria essential to interlink strategic planning and place branding, thus providing a unique apparatus for the evaluation of educational projects. By emphasizing the possibilities and limitations of educational projects, the paper contributes to the theoretical advancement of place branding and strategic planning interlink and sheds light on the effects that those projects may have on spatial development and governance of the territory.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1431-1451
Issue: 7
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1701296
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1701296
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sara Svensson
Author-X-Name-First: Sara
Author-X-Name-Last: Svensson
Title: Region-making and Cross-Border Cooperation: New Evidence from Four Continents
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1452-1453
Issue: 7
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 7
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1734168
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1734168
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jiří Blažek
Author-X-Name-First: Jiří
Author-X-Name-Last: Blažek
Author-Name: Viktor Květoň
Author-X-Name-First: Viktor
Author-X-Name-Last: Květoň
Author-Name: Simon Baumgartinger-Seiringer
Author-X-Name-First: Simon
Author-X-Name-Last: Baumgartinger-Seiringer
Author-Name: Michaela Trippl
Author-X-Name-First: Michaela
Author-X-Name-Last: Trippl
Title: The dark side of regional industrial path development: towards a typology of trajectories of decline
Abstract: 
 Over the past few years, scholarly debates on new path development have attracted increasing attention within the economic geography literature. This work distinguishes various trajectories of regional and industrial evolution. So far, these evolutionary trajectories have been mainly conceptualized as ‘positive’ forms of path development. However, in reality, many regions are undergoing phases that can be characterized as ‘negative’ trajectories. Despite their potentially detrimental social and political effects, negative pathways have to date largely been ignored in the extant literature. This paper seeks to shed light on the ‘dark side’ of path development by outlining a typology of ‘pathways of decline’. Three forms of negative pathways are identified, namely path contraction, path downgrading and path delocalization. Empirical illustrations are provided for each of them.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1455-1473
Issue: 8
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1685466
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1685466
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Abbas Ziafati Bafarasat
Author-X-Name-First: Abbas
Author-X-Name-Last: Ziafati Bafarasat
Author-Name: Lee Pugalis
Author-X-Name-First: Lee
Author-X-Name-Last: Pugalis
Title: In search of cohesive metropolitan governance: enticements and obligations
Abstract: 
 Exploring some critical ‘big’ and ‘bigger’ questions facing the governance of metropolitan regions, we theorize how non-state actors, such as, business organizations, entice local governments to participate in metropolitan planning – an exercise which would then require the adherence of local governments to framework obligations defined by the state. Through the empirical case of the Ruhr metropolitan area of Germany, we demonstrate that such a combination of enticement and process management (floating obligation) can help to engender ‘cohesive’ metropolitan governance in terms of conflict settlement in the selection of a limited set of priorities – an outcome which we then critically analyse in the wider context of ‘good’ metropolitan governance.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1474-1492
Issue: 8
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1685939
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1685939
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Máté Pecze
Author-X-Name-First: Máté
Author-X-Name-Last: Pecze
Title: The benefits of membership in policy-stimulated clusters in Hungary
Abstract: 
 The purpose of this article is to describe the successes and failures of policy-stimulated business clusters based on regional Hungarian experiences. The after-subsidy survival rate, affected industry domains, and the occurrent advantages of such cooperation for cluster members were examined. Primary data were collected at the member level. The research covers all clusters set up before 2015 with deeds of foundation, in two very different regions. Results show that 24% of the clusters were working between 2015-2016, two years after the period of government subsidy ended. The main benefits to cluster members include better personal connections and increased trust and knowledge transfer, although cost reductions, easier access to finance and product specialization were not reported. Based on this knowledge, cluster policies can be fine-tuned, resulting in more sustainable initiatives, while clusters can be made potential partners in regional planning, research and development policy, as well as in smart specialization.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1493-1512
Issue: 8
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1673322
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1673322
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Satu Pekkarinen
Author-X-Name-First: Satu
Author-X-Name-Last: Pekkarinen
Author-Name: Outi Tuisku
Author-X-Name-First: Outi
Author-X-Name-Last: Tuisku
Author-Name: Lea Hennala
Author-X-Name-First: Lea
Author-X-Name-Last: Hennala
Author-Name: Helinä Melkas
Author-X-Name-First: Helinä
Author-X-Name-Last: Melkas
Title: Robotics in Finnish welfare services: dynamics in an emerging innovation ecosystem
Abstract: 
 This paper considers the dynamics of the emerging care robotics innovation ecosystem in the Finnish welfare services. Innovation ecosystems have both evolutionary nature as well as aspects of purposeful design, and we study the relevant actors, their roles, the accelerators and the barriers, by conducting a survey among relevant stakeholders in the innovation ecosystem. An online survey was conducted with a range of Finnish stakeholders (N = 250): service actors (n = 148) and research and development actors (n = 102). The responses of the two groups were analyzed with a pairwise t-test. The results show that a variety of stakeholders are needed in ecosystem. The role of micro-level actors, such as workmates and professional and private robot users, were considered as important. Service actors should also play a stronger role in the ecosystem. In particular, research and development actors seemed to be open to new stakeholders entering the ecosystem and highlighted the importance of collaboration between actors. The culture of piloting in Finland is accelerating the ecosystem, but attitudinal factors, such as fears and resistance to change are hindering its development. The ecosystem is dynamic, and the dynamics in the ecosystem seem to be largely based on social and cultural issues.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1513-1533
Issue: 8
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1693980
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1693980
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zoltán Cséfalvay
Author-X-Name-First: Zoltán
Author-X-Name-Last: Cséfalvay
Title: Robotization in Central and Eastern Europe: catching up or dependence?
Abstract: 
 While in the most developed European countries the combination of falling robot prices and high wages boosts robotization, these driving factors do not sufficiently explain why we are experiencing today a sharp increase in deployment of industrial robots in European countries with low wages. Particularly, in Central and Eastern Europe where a decade ago industrial robots were almost non-existent but today more than 30,000 robots are at work. Hence this paper, by recalculating the data of International Federation of Robotics and EU-KLEMS addresses the main question: What drives and hinders the robotization in Central and Eastern Europe?
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1534-1553
Issue: 8
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1694647
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1694647
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Johannes Glückler
Author-X-Name-First: Johannes
Author-X-Name-Last: Glückler
Author-Name: Anna Mateja Punstein
Author-X-Name-First: Anna Mateja
Author-X-Name-Last: Punstein
Author-Name: Christian Wuttke
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Wuttke
Author-Name: Peter Kirchner
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Kirchner
Title: The ‘hourglass’ model: an institutional morphology of rural industrialism in Baden-Württemberg
Abstract: 
 Recent research has called for institutional approaches to help surpass the limitations of structural growth models in accounting for regionally specific development paths. The region of Heilbronn-Franconia in Baden-Württemberg is one such puzzling case for its economic and industrial structure is inconsistent with extant models, and yet the region represents one of the most prosperous economies with the highest concentration of hidden champions in Germany. This paper explores the institutions – patterns of social interactions and underlying beliefs – that characterize entrepreneurial practices on the levels of the firm, inter-firm and civic relations of this rural region. Based on a mixed-methods approach, including 132 interviews with managers and a survey of firms in strategic sectors, we unveil the interaction patterns of ‘life-long engagement’, ‘tinkering’, ‘doing’, ‘leadership networking’, and ‘civic engagement’ as well as the underlying beliefs that inform these patterns, as the institutions that are coherent with a particular mode of continuous innovation and entrepreneurial stamina. We conclude by proposing the hourglass model as the institutional morphology of rural industrialism.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1554-1574
Issue: 8
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1693981
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1693981
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicolas Bedu
Author-X-Name-First: Nicolas
Author-X-Name-Last: Bedu
Author-Name: Alexis Vanderstocken
Author-X-Name-First: Alexis
Author-X-Name-Last: Vanderstocken
Title: Do regional R&D subsidies foster innovative SMEs’ development: evidence from Aquitaine SMEs
Abstract: 
 Many studies have looked at the effectiveness of public schemes supporting private R&D but few have highlighted the role regions play in R&D funding. The present article investigates the effectiveness of R&D support at this level of analysis. More precisely, it assesses the R&D support scheme developed in Aquitaine, France's number one region in terms of proportion of budget spent on innovation. Its findings show that (i) public subsidies (regional and non-regional subsidies) have induced local SMEs to increase their R&D resources; (ii) effectiveness of public R&D support relies on the joint interventions of regional, national and supranational authorities; (iii) higher private R&D tends to be explained by an increase in the number of R&D employees, rather than an increase in their remuneration; (iv) regional action has a beneficial effect on business growth, and (v) job creation targets of the regional science and technology policy are satisfied, suggesting that regional subsidies are particularly effective when they help the region's innovative SMEs to expand and develop. More broadly, the article enhances understanding of the determinants explaining the effectiveness of public actions supporting private R&D.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1575-1598
Issue: 8
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1651828
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1651828
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ana Paula Faria
Author-X-Name-First: Ana Paula
Author-X-Name-Last: Faria
Author-Name: Natália Barbosa
Author-X-Name-First: Natália
Author-X-Name-Last: Barbosa
Author-Name: Joana Bastos
Author-X-Name-First: Joana
Author-X-Name-Last: Bastos
Title: Portuguese regional innovation systems efficiency in the European Union context
Abstract: 
 Current evidence on European regional innovation systems efficiency shows some conflicting results. Whereas some studies find support to a core-periphery distribution of efficiency, others find that lagging regions can be as well or even more efficient than rich regions in using their resources. This paper contributes to this debatable topic by providing additional evidence on the main determinants of the region's innovation efficiency and on efficiency differentials across EU regional innovation systems. Using data from 206 European regions and applying a stochastic production frontier methodology, our results corroborate the importance of interactions among regional agents on the region's efficiency score. More importantly, the distribution of efficiency scores across regional innovation systems does not entirely confirm the core-periphery divide among European regions. Instead, the mode of doing innovation appears to be a crucial explanatory factor of innovation efficiency at regional level. In the case of Portuguese regional innovation systems, they perform slightly below the average of their EU counterparts, except Lisbon's, and appear to be constrained by their mode of doing innovation.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1599-1618
Issue: 8
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1680611
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1680611
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Lúcia Pato
Author-X-Name-First: Maria Lúcia
Author-X-Name-Last: Pato
Author-Name: Aurora A. C. Teixeira
Author-X-Name-First: Aurora A. C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Teixeira
Title: Determinants of performance of new ventures located in Portuguese incubators and science parks with a focus on institutional factors: do rural and urban new ventures differ?
Abstract: 
 The literature focusing on rural and urban entrepreneurship has so far overlooked the conditions in which different institutional contexts can affect firms’ performance. The present study addressed this gap by investigating the extent to which institutional factors impact distinctively the performance of rural and urban newly created ventures. Based on data gathered through a direct questionnaire, we obtained 408 responses from newly created ventures located in Portuguese business incubators and science parks. Resorting to econometric binary (logit) models, we found that certain institutional factors, namely EU policy support, financial support from other sources than not banks, business advice for starting up/ ongoing activities, and collaboration to access new markets, are critical for new venture export performance, particularly those located in rural settings. To a larger extent than for urban, rural new venture economic-related performance positive and significantly depend on central government policy support, close relatives’ role models, and technological support at the R&D collaboration level. Given the relevance of embeddedness-related factors in rural municipalities, public authorities should follow strategies that involve a growing connection between rural entrepreneurs and a variety of actors from industry, academia and the public and private sectors in order to foster newly created venture performance.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1619-1638
Issue: 8
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1694866
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1694866
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sara Moreno Pires
Author-X-Name-First: Sara Moreno
Author-X-Name-Last: Pires
Author-Name: Alexandra Polido
Author-X-Name-First: Alexandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Polido
Author-Name: Filipe Teles
Author-X-Name-First: Filipe
Author-X-Name-Last: Teles
Author-Name: Pedro Silva
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro
Author-X-Name-Last: Silva
Author-Name: Carlos Rodrigues
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodrigues
Title: Territorial innovation models in less developed regions in Europe: the quest for a new research agenda?
Abstract: 
 Territorial, economic and social cohesion in European Union (EU) regions are major challenges that regional policies are aimed at. These policies have a strong focus on innovation-driven models as key processes for reducing disparities and promoting regional development. Since the 1980s, innovation and technology policies have gained momentum and legitimacy to stimulate multiple development patterns and growth models, mainly from national economic dynamics to well performing regional systems. Theories of knowledge and learning have been developed in more successful places, producing concepts that seem unattainable for less successful ones. Given that less developed regions have been overlooked in innovation studies, this paper reviews the literature on territorial innovation models in Europe in order to understand theoretical and practical gaps for these regions and to identify trends that support the need to redirect conceptual, political and instrumental attention of territorial innovation systems. It debates the different forms of innovation in regions, the variety and role of actors, the quest for geographical and place-based resources, the determinants for innovation and the ‘how’ and ‘for what’ demands of regional development. The discussion anticipates critical questions that try to promote a ‘normative turn’ in innovation policy, propose research avenues and discuss policy implications.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1639-1666
Issue: 8
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1697211
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1697211
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maximilian Benner
Author-X-Name-First: Maximilian
Author-X-Name-Last: Benner
Title: Six additional questions about smart specialization: implications for regional innovation policy 4.0
Abstract: 
 In response to the article ‘Six critical questions about smart specialization’ and Dominique Foray’s reply to that article, this paper identifies several more questions to be asked about the smart specialization approach and its implementation under EU cohesion policy in recent years. The paper argues that in addition to the critical points identified earlier, the smart specialization discourse has become overly focused on research and development, suffers from an unclear understanding of appropriate spatial scales, focuses too much on brands and policy documents and too little on process which leads to a number of crucial implementation challenges. The paper suggests refocusing the next, fourth generation of regional innovation strategies under EU cohesion policy towards a more heterogeneous paradigm that draws conclusions from the procedural progress made during the smart specialization era so far but allows for more situated experimentation within regions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1667-1684
Issue: 8
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1764506
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1764506
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dominique Foray
Author-X-Name-First: Dominique
Author-X-Name-Last: Foray
Title: Six additional replies – one more chorus of the S3 ballad
Abstract: 
 This paper has been written as a response to ‘Six additional questions about smart specialization: implications for regional innovation policy 4.0’ by M. Benner. The paper starts with the argument that recent academic work has enabled considerable progress to be made, regarding both the concept and its implementation, while, on the other hand, the actual practical implementations have not evolved very much and remain strongly marked by the original instructions given by the Commission and its experts. A logical consequence of such discrepancy between theory and actual practice is that the questions asked or criticisms expressed should always clearly specify whether they concern the theory or actual implementation of this theory. They should thus endeavour to avoid confusing the two levels. The paper shows then that this is not really the case in Benner’s article.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1685-1690
Issue: 8
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1797307
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1797307
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Peter Ache
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Ache
Title: Metropolitan Regions, Planning and Governance
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1691-1692
Issue: 8
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 8
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1759493
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1759493
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefanie Döringer
Author-X-Name-First: Stefanie
Author-X-Name-Last: Döringer
Author-Name: Yuta Uchiyama
Author-X-Name-First: Yuta
Author-X-Name-Last: Uchiyama
Author-Name: Marianne Penker
Author-X-Name-First: Marianne
Author-X-Name-Last: Penker
Author-Name: Ryo Kohsaka
Author-X-Name-First: Ryo
Author-X-Name-Last: Kohsaka
Title: A meta-analysis of shrinking cities in Europe and Japan. Towards an integrative research agenda
Abstract: 
 Empirical research on urban shrinkage is being conducted around the globe, since many countries are confronted with the phenomenon of shrinking cities. So far, the research on urban shrinkage has focused strongly on case studies, which is why we can benefit from a diverse and empirically rich knowledge base on the phenomenon and its regional manifestations. By bridging and comparing the European and Japanese academic discourse, we aim to identify the different recurring theories and key issues discussed under the umbrella term ‘urban shrinkage’ and strive to uncover blind spots of the debate. For this purpose, we conduct a qualitative meta-analysis of 100 empirical cases that are documented in the literature dealing with shrinking cities in the EU and Japan. This meta-analysis is based on comparative qualitative content analysis. It reveals a regionally differentiated pattern of various causes, effects and responses documented for shrinking cities in Western, Mediterranean and post-socialist EU countries and in Japan. Based on these findings, we offer an agenda for future research by suggesting an integrative perspective on the context-specific dynamics of urban shrinkage. We argue for an integrative understanding of shrinking cities in order to develop a valid knowledge base for evidence-based policy recommendations.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1693-1712
Issue: 9
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1604635
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1604635
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thomas Straatemeier
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Straatemeier
Author-Name: Luca Bertolini
Author-X-Name-First: Luca
Author-X-Name-Last: Bertolini
Title: How can planning for accessibility lead to more integrated transport and land-use strategies? Two examples from the Netherlands
Abstract: 
 In both the scientific and professional community, the need to integrate transport and land-use policies in order to achieve more sustainable urban development is widely recognized. Accessibility can provide a conceptual focus for this integration because it relates to both features of the transport system (e.g. speed, and travel costs) as well as the land-use system (e.g. density and functional mix). The concept of accessibility is well known within the scientific literature. The understanding of how it can improve transport land-use planning integration in practice, however, is still limited. In order to address this gap between theory and practice, we discuss two case studies in the Netherlands in which policy-makers from both transport and land-use planning developed and used accessibility indicators to generate and select effective combinations of transport and land-use interventions. For each case, the type of accessibility indicators used and the way they contributed to an integrated assessment of the quality of the transport and land-use system and the different policy options that resulted from the assessment are discussed. Finally, we reflect on the potentials and limits of this approach, and on the opportunities and barriers for its implementation in day to day planning practice.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1713-1734
Issue: 9
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1612326
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1612326
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aynaz Lotfata
Author-X-Name-First: Aynaz
Author-X-Name-Last: Lotfata
Author-Name: Anlı Ataöv
Author-X-Name-First: Anlı
Author-X-Name-Last: Ataöv
Title: Urban streets and urban social sustainability: a case study on Bagdat street in Kadikoy, Istanbul
Abstract: 
 This paper focuses on the social function of historical public space in Turkey that has been transformed with rise of modernism. Before that, it functioned as a suburban recreational area. The increasing demand for urban lands has been led to its transformation and its function as an urban component. The historical pattern of urban space can be conserved to protect and strengthen social interactions as the key issue of urban social sustainability. With a focus on the urban design through literature review, the aim is to identify the role of social interactions on social sustainability of historical urban street in Turkey. A field survey study was conducted to observe and in-depth interviews to locally evaluate the socio-spatial design principles in Bagdat street, as a research case. Fuzzy Cognitive Map (FCM) and Cognitive Spatial Map (CSM) were used to investigate the spatial experiences of the respondents. Results indicated that the historical continuity of socio-spatial activities through the time in respect to the socio-cultural values and user satisfaction has led to enhance the sense of belongings for citizens. As a conclusion, all data were integrated to propose a socio-spatial framework for designing and developing of Turkish public street, to enhance the urban social sustainability in future communities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1735-1755
Issue: 9
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1656169
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1656169
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arnold Csonka
Author-X-Name-First: Arnold
Author-X-Name-Last: Csonka
Author-Name: Imre Fertő
Author-X-Name-First: Imre
Author-X-Name-Last: Fertő
Title: Structural change and agglomeration in the Hungarian pork industry
Abstract: 
 The paper analyses agglomeration effects and spatial externalities in the Hungarian hog sector between 2000 and 2010. We apply a spatial lag-spatial error regression model to capture horizontal and vertical spillover effects and to understand the environmental restrictions that determine the location of pork production at the municipality level. Due to the dual nature of the structure of the Hungarian pork industry, we investigate agglomeration effects for individual and corporate farms separately. Results indicate that pork production by these farm groups is affected by different factors in different ways. We distinguish two different ‘worlds’ within the Hungarian pork industry. The ‘introvert world’ of individual farms is very sensitive to agglomeration effects and spatial externalities. The ‘extrovert world’ of corporate farms is more resistant to agglomeration economies and spatial externalities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1756-1770
Issue: 9
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1687652
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1687652
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christos Karelakis
Author-X-Name-First: Christos
Author-X-Name-Last: Karelakis
Author-Name: Efstratios Loizou
Author-X-Name-First: Efstratios
Author-X-Name-Last: Loizou
Author-Name: Fotios Chatzitheodoridis
Author-X-Name-First: Fotios
Author-X-Name-Last: Chatzitheodoridis
Author-Name: Konstadinos Mattas
Author-X-Name-First: Konstadinos
Author-X-Name-Last: Mattas
Title: Assessing policy impacts on the economy of European insular rural regions: the case of the smaller Aegean islands programme
Abstract: 
 European Islands have specific characteristics in relation to the mainland that led the European Union to the establishment of the ‘Programme of Options Specifically Relating to Remoteness and Insularity-POSEI’ and a programme with specific measures for the smaller Aegean islands (SAI). The study stresses key aspects of the programme and to assesses its effectiveness through its contribution to the local rural economy. Employing a regional Input-Output model, it is indicated that the economic contribution of the programme to the islands, is marginal and the key benefits are related directly to the beneficiaries as supplementary income and indirectly to the local economies.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1771-1789
Issue: 9
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1687655
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1687655
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Georgios Tsilimigkas
Author-X-Name-First: Georgios
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsilimigkas
Author-Name: Evangelia-Theodora Derdemezi
Author-X-Name-First: Evangelia-Theodora
Author-X-Name-Last: Derdemezi
Title: Unregulated built-up area expansion on Santorini Island, Greece
Abstract: 
 Unregulated built-up area expansion is a typical practice in Greece mostly on the islands, it is driven by the mass tourism development and the demand for second houses. Significant social, economic and environmental issues are linked to this practice. Santorini, a Greek island – which is characterized by important natural and cultural heritage properties and intense tourist development – is chosen here for the empirical part of the study. This paper attempts to study and quantify both the unregulated built-up area expansion and its impact on the natural and cultural environment. The intense ex-urban built-up area expansion that takes place on Santorini is interpreted on the basis of the Greek spatial planning framework so that its weaknesses that emerge will address the issue.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1790-1811
Issue: 9
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1687656
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1687656
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Waite
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Waite
Author-Name: Bruce Whyte
Author-X-Name-First: Bruce
Author-X-Name-Last: Whyte
Author-Name: Jill Muirie
Author-X-Name-First: Jill
Author-X-Name-Last: Muirie
Title: From an agreeable policy label to a practical policy framework: inclusive growth in city-regions
Abstract: 
 Inclusive growth is a label increasingly deployed as the uneven consequences of growth are brought sharply into view. Whilst numerous policy transfer agents are shaping policy diagnoses and suggesting indicator dashboards, conceptualisations of inclusive growth remain markedly varied. Proposing some foundations, this paper argues that capabilities enables a pluralistic and agent-centred view of place-based change to be developed. In order to apply this perspective to a particular policy context, the paper outlines steps to develop an inclusive growth framework – taking the starting perspective of an ‘evaluability assessment' – to inform the monitoring and evaluation of a large urban infrastructure project. Questions about the benefits that existing communities may experience from the development come to the fore in this framing.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1812-1835
Issue: 9
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1691507
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1691507
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xiangyu Teng
Author-X-Name-First: Xiangyu
Author-X-Name-Last: Teng
Author-Name: Liang Chun Lu
Author-X-Name-First: Liang Chun
Author-X-Name-Last: Lu
Author-Name: Yung-Ho Chiu
Author-X-Name-First: Yung-Ho
Author-X-Name-Last: Chiu
Title: How the European Union reaches the target of CO2 emissions under the Paris Agreement
Abstract: 
 In the future promotion of Paris Agreement, the European Union (EU) has become an object of concern in the world through its own performance at improving energy efficiency and reducing CO2 emissions. This research collects data from 28 EU countries and Norway from 2010 to 2015 to evaluate their energy and CO2 emission efficiency through a meta-frontier non-radial directional distance function. Different from previous studies, only considering the individually countries efficiency comparison, this research divides the sample countries into two groups, the group of North-Western European countries and the group of Central-Eastern European countries. The empirical results show that there is a declining trend in the efficiency value of Central-Eastern European countries from 2010 (0.832) to 2015 (0.792), and a significant average technology gap ratio at 0.904. We then compare energy and CO2 emissions' room for improvements for specific countries and conclude that the Central-Eastern European countries should learn from the management experience of the North-Western European countries. It is an effective way to improve the energy and CO2 emission performances of EU countries by restricting the transfer of high carbon emissions industries and encouraging the long-term sustainable development of renewable energy.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1836-1857
Issue: 9
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1696283
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1696283
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Angelika Krehl
Author-X-Name-First: Angelika
Author-X-Name-Last: Krehl
Author-Name: Sabine Weck
Author-X-Name-First: Sabine
Author-X-Name-Last: Weck
Title: Doing comparative case study research in urban and regional studies: what can be learnt from practice?
Abstract: 
 Recent years have seen a vivid debate on the epistemological foundations of comparative urban research. Remarkably, comparative case study research practice has remained unaffected by these wider debates and empirical research processes often stay a ‘black box’. Thus, we identify an unmet need for a critical and transparent reflection of conceptual foundations and empirical processes. Based on a review of EU-funded projects in the field of territorial cohesion, we discuss minimum standards of comparative case study research. These standards encompass the theoretical framework of the study, the objective of comparison, questions regarding the ambition to generalize, the case study selection strategy, and potential trade-offs. We conclude that researchers should be more explicit in their way of carrying out comparative research. Eventually, this transparency supports both a fruitful debate on comparative case study designs and the soundness of academic and policy conclusions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1858-1876
Issue: 9
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1699909
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1699909
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Manuel Rodrigo de la O Cabrera
Author-X-Name-First: Manuel Rodrigo
Author-X-Name-Last: de la O Cabrera
Author-Name: Nicolas Marine
Author-X-Name-First: Nicolas
Author-X-Name-Last: Marine
Author-Name: David Escudero
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Escudero
Title: Spatialities of cultural landscapes: towards a unified vision of Spanish practices within the European Landscape Convention
Abstract: 
 Inspired by the European Landscape Convention, landscape conservation policies in European countries are increasingly becoming connected to cultural heritage policies. In some European countries such as Spain, the vision of the ELC has been enriched with that of the guidelines on the inclusion of Cultural Landscapes on the World Heritage List. The Spanish National Cultural Landscape Plan, an instrument for the implementation of the ELC promoted by the Spanish Institute of Cultural Heritage, expressly states that its definition of cultural landscape should be based on the definition of the UNESCO World Heritage Convention, but incorporating the ELC. However, this confluence is ultimately reflected in confronting guidelines. This study deepens this duality of the concept of cultural landscape, explores its conflicting spatial implications, and discusses its use in Spanish regional instruments. Through the statistical study of a sample of Spanish cultural landscapes, our study recognizes the need for guidelines for the identification of landscapes of special interest, especially if they are to be converted into cultural properties afterwards. Although the study cannot provide a method that solves the problem of the spatial dimensions of the landscape without major concessions, it has provided a classification of the dominant typology.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1877-1898
Issue: 9
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1701633
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1701633
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eduardo Oliveira
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Oliveira
Title: Planners in politics – Do they make a difference?
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1899-1900
Issue: 9
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 9
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1768638
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1768638
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Griet Juwet
Author-X-Name-First: Griet
Author-X-Name-Last: Juwet
Title: Exploring the ambiguous socio-spatial potential of collective heating in Flanders. Planning and design as lever for a sustainable energy transition
Abstract: 
 Energy networks have supported and reproduced Flanders’ dispersed urbanization, but today this energy-intensive landscape is running into its ecological and societal limits. As a part of the energy transition, a pluralization of heating solutions is emerging in the region. Collective heating systems introduce logics of proximity, spatial selectivity and collectivity into this landscape characterized by dispersion, ubiquity of services and individualism. This paper explores what spatial and socio-political questions are at stake in the transition to a fossil-free heating system: can it support proximity-based spatial development and energy democracy or will it contribute to socio-spatial fragmentation and exclusion? These potentials and risks are revealed through an in-depth case study of the city-region of Roeselare, based on scenario and design workshops with stakeholders. The research indicates that spatial planning and design have a key role in visualizing the spatial and socio-political potentials of the heat transition, by identifying opportunities for collective solutions at multiple scales, connecting energy strategies with other spatial questions and imagining more inclusive governance models.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1901-1921
Issue: 10
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1698519
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1698519
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lisa Nieth
Author-X-Name-First: Lisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Nieth
Author-Name: Paul Benneworth
Author-X-Name-First: Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Benneworth
Title: Challenges of knowledge combination in strategic regional innovation processes - the Creative Science Park in Aveiro
Abstract: 
 This paper considers how heterogeneous groups of regional stakeholders design and implement strategic activities that contribute to their region’s innovation capacity. We aim to understand how these stakeholder groups attempt to create new regional development pathways, and explore why otherwise enthusiastic and willing partnerships might fail to progress. We conceptualize this in terms of partners seeking to develop a shared actionable knowledge set as the basis for future development, and contend that one explanation for these failures might be a failure of the ways that partners combine their knowledge. We conceptualize strategic processes in terms of a series of distinct phases, and identify how problems in knowledge combination processes might manifest themselves in preventing the creation of valuable knowledge for subsequent action. Drawing on a detailed empirical case study of the Creative Science Park in Aveiro (Portugal), we argue that a better understanding of inter-stakeholder knowledge combination processes is necessary for creating and implementing better strategic transformational development processes for regions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1922-1940
Issue: 10
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1699908
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1699908
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Štefan Rehák
Author-X-Name-First: Štefan
Author-X-Name-Last: Rehák
Author-Name: Rikard Eriksson
Author-X-Name-First: Rikard
Author-X-Name-Last: Eriksson
Title: Migration of university graduates and structural aspects of regional higher education
Abstract: 
 Regions are increasingly trying to improve their chances to attract and retain graduates, and universities tend to be strategic resources in this process. Establishing new universities or increasing the number of students in the region does not always lead to a higher human capital stock because some graduates will migrate to regions with more and better job opportunities. This is natural given that most universities tend to have a national student market but a somewhat neglected aspect in this regard is whether the structure of education and quality of the university influence graduate migration. However, this is one of the most important decisions of regional and national governments that has long-term implications for regional prosperity. Our results based on Swedish microdata show that investments in improving the quality of higher education must necessarily be linked to a policy of also supporting the broader regional economy. Policies aiming to increase human capital in the region should be adapted to the characteristics of local and non-local graduates as their migration strategies differ.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1941-1959
Issue: 10
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1700483
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1700483
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pedro Torres
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro
Author-X-Name-Last: Torres
Author-Name: Pedro Godinho
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro
Author-X-Name-Last: Godinho
Title: The influence of city reputation on T-KIBS concentration
Abstract: 
 In a context of increasing intercity competition, one of the major goals of the cities is to attract business services, in particular knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS). In spite of recognized importance of some locational determinants, already identified in the literature, not all of the determinants of KIBS locational choices are known. Studies that considered city reputation as a possible antecedent of KIBS location are scarce. This study aims to examine the influence of city reputation on technology-KIBS urban concentration. Building on the theoretical arguments that support the geographic centrality of high-order services, the study shows that different combinations of antecedent conditions can justify a high concentration of technology-KIBS (T-KIBS) in urban areas, including the combination of city reputation with access to clients. The results support the idea that geographical proximity to clients is also important in technology-related industries, in particular the ones that are knowledge-intensive. The findings suggest that tourism policies that enhance city reputation can be included in cities’ strategies designed to attract business services. Furthermore, it is highlighted that policy-makers do not need to improve all conditions to improve the city competitiveness and they can use different combinations of factors to attract T-KIBS.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1960-1978
Issue: 10
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1700484
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1700484
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wojciech Dyba
Author-X-Name-First: Wojciech
Author-X-Name-Last: Dyba
Author-Name: Tadeusz Stryjakiewicz
Author-X-Name-First: Tadeusz
Author-X-Name-Last: Stryjakiewicz
Author-Name: Valentina De Marchi
Author-X-Name-First: Valentina
Author-X-Name-Last: De Marchi
Title: Knowledge sourcing and cluster life cycle – a comparative study of furniture clusters in Italy and Poland
Abstract: 
 Clusters are places that facilitate knowledge sharing and dissemination among firms and institutions working in functionally-related fields. Structural changes that take place within clusters over time influence knowledge-related processes and require new approaches towards external knowledge sourcing. In this paper, we use a mixed-method approach to investigate different knowledge sources that firms use at different stages of a cluster life cycle. The empirical research comprises the investigation of two clusters that specialize in the same kind of economic activity, i.e. in the furniture industry, but are at different stages of their life cycle. These are, a mature cluster – the Livenza district in Italy and a growing one – the Kępno cluster in Poland. The analysis revealed that firms in a mature cluster use a greater variety of external knowledge sources and more knowledge-intensive sources than those in growing clusters do. This may be explained by more homogeneous and well-established knowledge pools at later stages of a cluster life cycle and/or by higher competition between firms offering similar products.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1979-1998
Issue: 10
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1701996
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1701996
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David Gogishvili
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Gogishvili
Author-Name: Suzanne Harris-Brandts
Author-X-Name-First: Suzanne
Author-X-Name-Last: Harris-Brandts
Title: Coinciding practices of exception in urban development: mega-events and special economic zones in Tbilisi, Georgia
Abstract: 
 Since the 1960s, both mega-events and special economic zones have gained global prominence as agents of urban development. Often relying on extra-legal measures for their realization, these two initiatives further create areas of spatial exclusion in cities. This paper examines their coming together in Tbilisi, Georgia, where costs for the city’s hosting of the 2015 European Youth Olympic Festival were defrayed by the company Hualing Group in exchange for government approval of a 420-hectare special economic zone. Using a qualitative mixed-methods approach, the research shows that combining mega-events with special economic zones poses significant threats to the democratic processes tied to urban planning at both the local and national level. It further demonstrates how the coinciding of such projects promotes sprawl and privately-enclaved urban development patterns. In relation to urban theory, the paper contributes to a growing body of literature examining exceptionality in cities, and looking at how mega-events serve as legitimizing devices for even wider practices of long-term spatial and legal exception, such as special economic zones.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1999-2019
Issue: 10
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1701995
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1701995
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katarzyna Gorczyca
Author-X-Name-First: Katarzyna
Author-X-Name-Last: Gorczyca
Author-Name: Arkadiusz Kocaj
Author-X-Name-First: Arkadiusz
Author-X-Name-Last: Kocaj
Author-Name: Łukasz Fiedeń
Author-X-Name-First: Łukasz
Author-X-Name-Last: Fiedeń
Title: Large housing estates in Poland – a missing link in urban regeneration?
Abstract: 
 Large housing estates (LHE) account for nearly half of the housing stock in the cities of Poland and other countries of Central and Eastern Europe. The ageing of the housing stock and change in the social composition of the communities may lead to serious changes in the development of estates and pose serious challenges to the regeneration of block housing estates. This paper presents initiatives undertaken towards the regeneration of LHE in large Polish cities. A detailed description of the rehabilitation of LHE is presented using the example of Kraków, which is a city that has a large share of multi-dwelling buildings and a long history of improving the quality of life in LHE. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the current state of Polish LHE in the context of ongoing urban regeneration activities. The authors present an overview of regeneration measures pursued within LHE, analysing the changes that have taken place as a result of regeneration efforts. Using the example of Kraków, they also demonstrate how large cities manage the regeneration of LHE. The authors argue that the way housing estates will develop depends largely on how the regeneration will be conducted.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2020-2039
Issue: 10
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1687653
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1687653
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Serhat Kaymas
Author-X-Name-First: Serhat
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaymas
Title: Geography … is it your destiny? Culturally sustainable development and creative industries nexus in the case of Turkey
Abstract: 
 This article reconsiders the creative industry's role in Turkey's sustainable development using the cultural economic geography approach. Although this is a well-established approach with ongoing popularity in the existing creative industries literature, few studies directly address the role of distinct cultural factors in the sustainable development of emerging countries. Turkey's unique geographical location and relatively younger population has been a primary source of its cultural, historical, social, and economic diversity as well as creativity. Yet, the country faces profound problems in this ecosystem. Arguably, a critical issue is the culture's implicit role in Turkish sustainable development. Moreover, Turkey has been moved away from the realization of ‘cultural policies' under the hegemony of neoliberalism. The present study argues that the ‘sustainable development’ discourse in the dominant political parlance has been failed to be recognized as of cultural policy importance. This is especially true in the inclusion of culture into the development paradigm, and how it can be rediscovered and linked to contemporary socio-economic debates within the creativity and development nexus.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2040-2059
Issue: 10
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1694865
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1694865
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Antje Matern
Author-X-Name-First: Antje
Author-X-Name-Last: Matern
Author-Name: Julia Binder
Author-X-Name-First: Julia
Author-X-Name-Last: Binder
Author-Name: Anika Noack
Author-X-Name-First: Anika
Author-X-Name-Last: Noack
Title: Smart regions: insights from hybridization and peripheralization research
Abstract: 
 In recent years, discourse on urban development and planning has shifted its emphasis to smartness. Latest studies might offer ideas about planning objectives regarding territorial cohesion and how to meet the demand for information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure. However, so far there is barely any literature on smart regions as relational and hybrid phenomena looking at urban and rural areas as being spatially interlinked. The article aims to generate a deeper theoretical understanding of smart regions by discussing hybridization and peripheralization processes and applying them to debates on smart regions. By merging these perspectives, these authors advocate a diversification of meaning and scope which underscores the involvement of actors in the social (re-)construction of regions. A new analytical perspective on smart regions will be suggested that distinguishes between the three dimensions of discourse, implementation and regulation and refers to concomitant spatial effects as well as to implications for planning practices and procedures. Therewith, the paper encourages critical reflection on normative concepts of smart regions as well as on the usability of ICT for solving local problems.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2060-2077
Issue: 10
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1703910
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1703910
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Teemu Makkonen
Author-X-Name-First: Teemu
Author-X-Name-Last: Makkonen
Author-Name: Birgit Leick
Author-X-Name-First: Birgit
Author-X-Name-Last: Leick
Title: Locational challenges and opportunities for SMEs in border regions
Abstract: 
 The present paper explores the unresolved issue in regional planning of whether small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) benefit from being located in border regions in terms of cross-border cooperation opportunities and cross-border externalities. By systematically reviewing the existing literature on the topic with the help of a mapping review, it suggests the following answer: SMEs in border regions do benefit from cross-border cooperation opportunities. However, there is no strong empirical support of a prevalence of positive cross-border externalities. Rather, the review finds that SMEs in border regions are influenced by negative cross-border externalities. Since the results do not point in a clear-cut direction, given their high degree of context-specificity, we claim that further studies on the topic are necessary to combine the established knowledge on SME-based entrepreneurship with planning theories and concepts taken from the literature on borders, border asymmetries and border regions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2078-2098
Issue: 10
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1705765
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1705765
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yue Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Yue
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Title: Resisting redevelopment: protest in aspiring global cities
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2099-2100
Issue: 10
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1806492
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1806492
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:28:y:2020:i:10:p:2099-2100




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel Navarro
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Navarro
Author-Name: Manuel Navarro
Author-X-Name-First: Manuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Navarro
Author-Name: Ismael Vallejo
Author-X-Name-First: Ismael
Author-X-Name-Last: Vallejo
Title: Future urban seismic risk scenarios using a cellular automata model
Abstract: 
 The disaster risk that cities have to face today is the consequence of development processes that occur over long periods of time due to an existing level of hazard and a continuous change in vulnerability and exposure. These processes are complex to understand and even more to foresee. In this regard, the main goal of this research is to develop an urban model capable of simulating the development of a city under different scenarios and explore the consequences of the seismic risk. The article presents a novel application of a cellular automata model to seismic risk through the simulation of urban expansion and renewal processes, which allows analysing the evolution of seismic risk over time through different future scenarios. The city is approached from the perspective of the complexity sciences and the methodology is based on a combination of seismic risk assessment and cellular automata models. The proposed methodology, based on risk analysis of future scenarios, has a practical application in the planning and management of disaster risk policies, as it provides a deeper understanding of the behaviour of the city and the likely effect of policies on it.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2101-2115
Issue: 11
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1706724
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1706724
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel Rauhut
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Rauhut
Author-Name: Alois Humer
Author-X-Name-First: Alois
Author-X-Name-Last: Humer
Title: EU Cohesion Policy and spatial economic growth: trajectories in economic thought
Abstract: 
 This paper aims at identifying the current main economic thought influencing the EU Cohesion Policy. Postulates and assumptions on how economic growth spreads spatially in key EU policy framework documents are discussed and compared to different economic theories. Strategic EU documents increasingly foster the urban dimension, and focus resources on cities at the expense of cohesive regional development. The findings indicate large overlaps with Perroux’ ‘growth pole theory’. However, several of the key assumptions of growth pole theory are not met in the new context of post-industrial globalized service economy, which is fundamentally different from its original use. This is a troublesome finding when seen from a strategic planning perspective. Current implications for regional policy and planning boil down to the cardinal question of supporting urban areas and/or peripheries. Taking the strategic EU policy documents and their trajectories in economic thought into consideration, this paper confirms that regional development focuses on cities. Yet, it suggests a new perspective on an urban-centred EU Cohesion Policy, one that normatively requests the ‘responsibility’ of cities towards their hinterland, instead of fostering a further dissociation of cities from their hinterland. This suggests a reorientation towards supporting the linkages between urban areas and peripheries.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2116-2133
Issue: 11
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1709416
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1709416
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Annette Aagaard Thuesen
Author-X-Name-First: Annette
Author-X-Name-Last: Aagaard Thuesen
Author-Name: Eva Mærsk
Author-X-Name-First: Eva
Author-X-Name-Last: Mærsk
Author-Name: Helle Rotbøll Randløv
Author-X-Name-First: Helle Rotbøll
Author-X-Name-Last: Randløv
Title: Moving to the ‘Wild West’ – clarifying the first-hand experiences and second-hand perceptions of a Danish university town on the periphery
Abstract: 
 A country’s internal migration is often explained using a life-course perspective. When a new academic year begins, study cities hope to attract a good portion of new students. In Denmark, the major trend is that young people leave the western part of the country to study in larger cities in the eastern part. This paper examines a much less extensive reverse flow of students who move to Esbjerg in western Denmark to study. Using interviews with 30 students, this paper analyses how this counter-movement is experienced by young students themselves and perceived by their friends. Based on the literature on the transformation of places and regional representation and attractiveness, this study shows the concurrent presence of opposing trends. On the one hand, the interviewees describe Esbjerg as a great town with friendly people, good study opportunities, etc.; i.e. they experience the city positively. On the other hand, their friends disagree and criticize Esbjerg without having much substantive knowledge on which to base their negative perceptions. These findings are discussed in relation to value attached to places, views on the size of towns connected to life modes among students, and opportunities for places to transform their identity.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2134-2152
Issue: 11
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1709417
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1709417
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dan Kaufmann
Author-X-Name-First: Dan
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaufmann
Author-Name: Ben Reuveni
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Reuveni
Title: Influence of economic crisis on the performance of incubated companies: the Israeli case
Abstract: 
 During financial crises, entrepreneurs find difficulties in raising investment especially from Venture Capital funds (VCs) which are more sensitive to economic changes in the private sector than governmental programmes, such as the Israeli Technological Incubator Programme. Since VC investment does decrease, we expect an increased deal flow of companies to incubators, permitting them to select better companies. By comparing the performance of incubator companies, incubated during financial crises, to the performance of graduates, incubated during the non-crises time, we found that unexpectedly the performance of companies being accepted to incubators during crises time is decreased. A possible explanation for these findings is that start-ups that fail to raise VC investments during financial crises blame the ‘economic situation’, even though some of them would have failed to obtain VC investments due to their low technological level. These start-ups prefer to postpone their business launch until the economic environment stabilizes instead of approaching incubators as alternative investors. This leads to a decreased deal flow faced by incubators and causes their managers to select an even lower level of companies.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2153-2173
Issue: 11
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1711875
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1711875
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stine Haakonsson
Author-X-Name-First: Stine
Author-X-Name-Last: Haakonsson
Author-Name: Julia Kirch Kirkegaard
Author-X-Name-First: Julia Kirch
Author-X-Name-Last: Kirkegaard
Author-Name: Rasmus Lema
Author-X-Name-First: Rasmus
Author-X-Name-Last: Lema
Title: The decomposition of innovation in Europe and China’s catch-up in wind power technology: the role of KIBS
Abstract: 
 Innovation is increasingly decentralized, traded and transferred internationally. Specialized suppliers of knowledge-intensive business services have emerged, enhancing the international transfer of knowledge and technology. This has important implications for the global geography of technological and innovative capabilities. This paper focuses on the role of European KIBS providers for the catch-up process in the Chinese wind turbine industry. Drawing on in-depth studies of three central technology domains in wind turbine research and development, it shows how the recent catch-up in the Chinese wind turbine industry was closely connected to organizational changes taking place in the incumbent wind turbine lead markets in Europe. The paper suggests that access to knowledge through KIBS can unlock rapid but bounded latecomer development in emerging markets.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2174-2192
Issue: 11
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1712329
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1712329
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joern Harfst
Author-X-Name-First: Joern
Author-X-Name-Last: Harfst
Author-Name: Peter Wirth
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Wirth
Author-Name: Naja Marot
Author-X-Name-First: Naja
Author-X-Name-Last: Marot
Title: Utilizing endogenous potentials through EU cohesion policy: examples from Central Europe
Abstract: 
 The Barca Report of 2009 firmly placed endogenous potentials on the European Union policy agenda. Now, as the current EU programming period 2014–2020 draws to a close, this article examines how such potentials are being shaped and applied at the local and regional levels. We reflect upon lessons learned from this approach, thereby contributing to the debate on the next European Union’s cohesion programming period from 2020 onwards. The analysis deals with the valorization of place-based development potentials in case study regions, highlighting challenges in the current development of such regions. Examples are given of the utilization of endogenous potentials, and we consider lessons learned from this locally-led, place-based development approach for the wider framework of European cohesion policy. The focus is on (old) industrial regions, characterized by small- and medium-sized towns outside major agglomerations. The authors conclude that it is insufficient to merely consider the direct economic effects of endogenous development potentials. Instead, a more comprehensive perspective is required, one that pays greater attention to other functions of endogenous approaches, specifically their catalyst, identity and symbolic functions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2193-2212
Issue: 11
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1712675
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1712675
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Almut Wolff
Author-X-Name-First: Almut
Author-X-Name-Last: Wolff
Title: Planning culture – dynamics of power relations between actors
Abstract: 
 Existing literature on planning culture is often connected to communicative turn in planning and implies a multilateral interaction process. This article discusses the role of the underlying power constellations within processes of decision-making in planning and their significance for any planning culture. Power relations between actors involved in planning processes are asymmetric. The actors’ influence on planning outcomes depends highly on the strategic use these actors make of their power resources. The processes will be shaped by both the actors’ divergent cultures and the common culture they create in interacting with each other. Actors’ cultures do not only frame their expectations on goals and appropriate decision-making processes but also the strategies they apply. In this paper, I argue that these expectations and strategies impact decision-making processes because they intrude into institutionalized and legally defined planning procedures. How open a planning process is to input from various actors depends on power configurations, which in turn affect how actors perceive each other’s legitimacy.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2213-2236
Issue: 11
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1714553
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1714553
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcus Adolphson
Author-X-Name-First: Marcus
Author-X-Name-Last: Adolphson
Author-Name: Daniel Jonsson
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Jonsson
Title: Uncover the theory practice gap in Swedish transport planning: an interdisciplinary approach
Abstract: 
 This paper analyses the gap between planning theory and planning practice in Swedish infrastructure planning. Planning theory was of limited relevance in order to understand the planning processes and the documents. Instead sociology, political theory and philosophy appeared as useful theoretical resources. Bourdieu’s theories on social and cultural capital, and ‘the feel for the game’ were useful in understanding planning practice. In order to develop communicative planning theory into a useful asset for planning practice the system perspective and the emphasis on public spheres from Habermas communicative action theory, critical realism and political pluralism might well serve as theoretical point of departures.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2237-2260
Issue: 11
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1715927
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1715927
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:28:y:2020:i:11:p:2237-2260




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juan Carlos Rodríguez-Cohard
Author-X-Name-First: Juan Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodríguez-Cohard
Author-Name: José Domingo Sánchez-Martínez
Author-X-Name-First: José Domingo
Author-X-Name-Last: Sánchez-Martínez
Author-Name: Antonio Garrido-Almonacid
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio
Author-X-Name-Last: Garrido-Almonacid
Title: Strategic responses of the European olive-growing territories to the challenge of globalization
Abstract: 
 The spread of the cultivation of olive groves outside their traditional lands of the Mediterranean with the introduction of super-intensive plantation models threatens the competitiveness of traditional European olive-growing regions. Technological changes, professional management mechanisms, large capital investments and entry into global value chains are allowing new olive plantations to produce at very low cost. The responses are shaped by a formal context that is largely collective, but with very different impacts depending on the informal institutions that determine the economic development processes in each region. This work carries out a comparative analysis of four European olive-growing regions that are employing different strategies to adapt to the changes brought about by globalization. Approaching the topic from a strategic perspective, this work shows how the responses carried out in each territory determine the potential of long-term competition and the way in which endogenous development processes evolve in each socioeconomic context. The solutions range from a change of model in the productive activity supported by external investment to developing productive systems with strong territorial anchoring.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2261-2283
Issue: 11
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1716691
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1716691
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eduardo Medeiros
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Medeiros
Title: The Ages of Globalization. Geography, Technology, and Institutions
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2284-2285
Issue: 11
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1816607
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1816607
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:28:y:2020:i:11:p:2284-2285




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Barbara Demeterova
Author-X-Name-First: Barbara
Author-X-Name-Last: Demeterova
Author-Name: Bryonny Goodwin-Hawkins
Author-X-Name-First: Bryonny
Author-X-Name-Last: Goodwin-Hawkins
Author-Name: Tatjana Fischer
Author-X-Name-First: Tatjana
Author-X-Name-Last: Fischer
Title: Conceptualisations of Territorial Cohesion in Central European border regions
Abstract: 
 Despite decades of spending, Cohesion Policy appears unable to fully address growing national disparities and increasing ‘roll-out’ nationalism. In the present study we discuss regional effects of ‘fuzzy’ policy concepts, such as EU’s policy for Territorial Cohesion, in Central European borderlands from a stakeholder perspective. Identifying how key policy documents have framed the discussion of Territorial Cohesion, we furthermore demonstrate the differing ways regional stakeholders have interpreted this vision. By showing how multiple translations have produced dynamics that create a circular process, we conclude that this process leads towards non-comparable outcomes, increased misunderstanding, while fuelling EU scepticism.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2287-2306
Issue: 12
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1716692
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1716692
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:28:y:2020:i:12:p:2287-2306




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marco Allegra
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Allegra
Author-Name: Simone Tulumello
Author-X-Name-First: Simone
Author-X-Name-Last: Tulumello
Author-Name: Alessandro Colombo
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandro
Author-X-Name-Last: Colombo
Author-Name: João Ferrão
Author-X-Name-First: João
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferrão
Title: The (hidden) role of the EU in housing policy: the Portuguese case in multi-scalar perspective
Abstract: 
 Doling (2006, A European Housing Policy? European Journal of Housing Policy, 6(3), 335–349. doi:10.1080/14616710600973169) characterized the intervention of the EU in the field of housing as a ‘stealth policy’, arguing that while the EU has no formal competence in this policy area, it has de facto conditioned national housing policies. This suggests that housing policy is a particularly interesting case for the study of formal and informal modes of multilevel governance. However, European comparative studies about housing policy have almost exclusively focused either on the national or local characteristics of housing systems. In this paper we explore the connections between the development of Portuguese housing policies in the last four decades, on the one side, and EU programmes and documents on the other. We will show how the dynamics of Portuguese housing policy reflected the fluctuations of EU agenda. In doing so, we aim at (i) exploring the history of EU ‘stealth housing policy’ in a moment of re-emergence of housing as a defining theme of EU agenda; and (ii) providing a more accurate characterization of domestic recent general trends and processes through a multi-scalar gaze.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2307-2329
Issue: 12
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1719474
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1719474
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jon-Paul Faulkner
Author-X-Name-First: Jon-Paul
Author-X-Name-Last: Faulkner
Author-Name: Enda Murphy
Author-X-Name-First: Enda
Author-X-Name-Last: Murphy
Author-Name: Mark Scott
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott
Title: Developing a holistic ‘vulnerability-resilience’ model for local and regional development
Abstract: 
 Over the last decade, resilience has emerged as a key concept in spatial planning theory and practice to understand how places should respond to change in an era marked by insecurity, systemic risks and the coupling of economic uncertainty with global environmental risks. However, commentators have noted that resilience requires further conceptual clarity before it can constitute a basis for policy action and to prevent it becoming an elastic or fuzzy concept. In this paper, we seek to contribute to these debates by outlining a holistic vulnerability-resilience model based on four key components – exposure (relating to pre-shock attributes), sensitivity (relating to negative impacts caused by shock), capacity of response (relating to pre-shock attributes) and adaptive capacity (relating to positive responses to shock). As such, exposure and sensitivity relate to interpretations associated with vulnerability, while capacity of response and adaptive capacity relate to prevailing interpretations associated with resilience. This approach moves beyond viewing vulnerability as simply the equal but opposite side of resilience and vice versa. In developing a more holistic approach, we aim to bridge the gap between studies that focus exclusively on either vulnerability ‘or’ resilience, and which often neglect how these two concepts inter-relate and interact.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2330-2347
Issue: 12
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1720612
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1720612
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: JinHyo Joseph Yun
Author-X-Name-First: JinHyo Joseph
Author-X-Name-Last: Yun
Author-Name: KyungBae Park
Author-X-Name-First: KyungBae
Author-X-Name-Last: Park
Author-Name: Giovanna Del Gaudio
Author-X-Name-First: Giovanna Del
Author-X-Name-Last: Gaudio
Author-Name: Valentina Della Corte
Author-X-Name-First: Valentina Della
Author-X-Name-Last: Corte
Title: Open innovation ecosystems of restaurants: geographical economics of successful restaurants from three cities
Abstract: 
 This paper investigates the role of open innovation in the success of restaurants. Our research questions are as follows. ‘Is open innovation a rational strategy for a small restaurant to attract and maintain customers? Which open innovation strategies should a small restaurant use?’ We constructed our research model of open innovation ecosystem of restaurants with ingredients open innovation, recipe open innovation and service open innovation to analyse open innovation in small restaurants, which is a worldwide phenomenon. We chose four successful restaurants from Naples, one restaurant from South Korea, and a North Korean restaurant as our case studies using participant observation, in-depth interviews and semi-structured questionnaires, with the results indicating the following. First, open innovation is essential for the success of small restaurants. Second, if any small restaurant adopts a closed innovation strategy with respect to any of food ingredients, recipes or service, it should choose an open innovation strategy or open innovation platform with regard to the others to maintain its competitive advantage compared to other restaurants in the neighbourhood. Third, an open innovation platform of any of food ingredients, recipes or service, can generate additional revenue by selling independent ingredients or services.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2348-2367
Issue: 12
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1721438
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1721438
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Saskia van Broekhoven
Author-X-Name-First: Saskia
Author-X-Name-Last: van Broekhoven
Author-Name: Arwin van Buuren
Author-X-Name-First: Arwin
Author-X-Name-Last: van Buuren
Title: Climate adaptation on the crossroads of multiple boundaries. Managing boundaries in a complex programme context
Abstract: 
 Programme management is increasingly used in The Netherlands to realize more integrated regional development, where different sectoral policy objectives are combined. To understand how integration of different objectives is realized in programme management approaches, it is important to have in depth knowledge on how actors manage social, cognitive and physical boundaries. Therefore, this article analyses how actors manage boundaries in a regional integrative programme. Within this case we focus on two integration attempts: one which has succeeded relatively well and one which was less successful. The analysis shows the importance of boundary spanning actions, such as jointly working on strategy documents, organizing events where actors can formally and informally interact, and the activities of a political change agent. Adding to previous insights, we find four additional explanations for successful integration which shed new light on how boundaries can be best managed in future programmatic approaches: the influence of contextual factors on boundary management and its success, the need to address both the social and cognitive dimension of boundaries, the need to make the programme attractive for the actors governing the issues it wants to integrate with, and the role of boundary drawing to create an understanding and respect for boundaries.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2368-2389
Issue: 12
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1722066
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1722066
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Valentina Morretta
Author-X-Name-First: Valentina
Author-X-Name-Last: Morretta
Author-Name: Stephen Syrett
Author-X-Name-First: Stephen
Author-X-Name-Last: Syrett
Author-Name: Leandro Sepulveda Ramirez
Author-X-Name-First: Leandro Sepulveda
Author-X-Name-Last: Ramirez
Title: Territorial capital as a source of firm competitive advantage: evidence from the North and South of Italy
Abstract: 
 This paper investigates how territorial capital, defined as a ‘mix‘ of tangible and intangible local resources accumulated over time across different territories, becomes a source of competitive advantage for firms. The study draws upon semi-structured interviews with firms' owner-managers operating in the North and South of Italy and shows how local resources generate firms' costs and differentiation advantages through acting as territorial externalities or becoming an essential core asset to the firm. Results demonstrate how local resources are highly interconnected, making territorial capital unique in each place and not easily imitable, which ensures long term competitive advantages for those firms that benefit from its endowment. A mix of advanced local resources developed through long term investment is shown to be more valuable for firms than inherited resources, provided by ‘God’ or ‘ancestors’. Using the concept of territorial capital in this manner provides insights into understanding sources of firm competitiveness related to location and the persistence of territorial economic disparities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2390-2408
Issue: 12
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1722067
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1722067
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hanna Martin
Author-X-Name-First: Hanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Martin
Title: The scope of regional innovation policy to realize transformative change – a case study of the chemicals industry in western Sweden
Abstract: 
 Economic geography and innovation studies are increasingly asking how regional industrial development paths develop. This paper addresses the scope of regional innovation policy to influence transformative change in regional industries, such as that needed to cope with grand societal challenges including climate change. We take a cross-disciplinary perspective using the regional innovation system framework, which is focused on innovation-based regional development, and complement this with insights from the sociotechnical transitions literature and its conceptualizations of sociotechnical regimes and niches. Empirically, we study the case of the chemicals industry in the Gothenburg–Stenungsund region, Sweden’s largest basic chemicals industry cluster. Shifting from discussion to action appears challenging for this regional industry, despite advances in technology development, ongoing co-operation between the region’s public and private sectors and its ambition to become an international leader in the production of sustainable chemistry products by 2030. Using this case, we present a broader view of path development, one that includes under-addressed policy approaches attempting to create new sociotechnical alignments that require co-evolving changes across technologies, infrastructures, regulatory frameworks and other societal dimensions, both within and beyond the regional context.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2409-2427
Issue: 12
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1722616
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1722616
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maximilian Benner
Author-X-Name-First: Maximilian
Author-X-Name-Last: Benner
Title: The spatial evolution-institution link and its challenges for regional policy
Abstract: 
 Contemporary economic geography acknowledges that regional economies develop in evolutionary processes, and that institutions matter in this process. Evolutionary dynamics have been classified into five types of path development (path extension, path branching, path diversification, path creation, path importation, and path upgrading) that serve to distinguish how precisely regional economies diversify or upgrade. Shaping these evolutionary dynamics is a major objective policymakers aim to achieve by applying regional policies with an evolutionary ambition such as smart specialization. However, there is a gap in understanding how the specific institutional arrangements found in regional economies condition these different types of path development. The article links path development to institutional context and identifies policy challenges for affecting evolutionary dynamics under the smart specialization approach.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2428-2446
Issue: 12
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2019.1698520
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2019.1698520
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: André Fernandes
Author-X-Name-First: André
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernandes
Author-Name: João Figueira de Sousa
Author-X-Name-First: João
Author-X-Name-Last: Figueira de Sousa
Author-Name: João Pedro Costa
Author-X-Name-First: João Pedro
Author-X-Name-Last: Costa
Author-Name: Bruno Neves
Author-X-Name-First: Bruno
Author-X-Name-Last: Neves
Title: Mapping stakeholder perception on the challenges of brownfield sites’ redevelopment in waterfronts: the Tagus Estuary
Abstract: 
 With the emergence of the third technological cycle, we have witnessed the gradual functional obsolescence of large industrial complexes inherited from the second industrialization, some of which located on waterfronts. Given their particularities, regeneration processes of these brownfield sites face complex challenges, in addition to those placed upon the regeneration of first generation port/industrial areas. Based upon the case study of brownfield sites in the Tagus Estuary (Portugal), this article aims to understand, systematise and discuss the challenges and barriers facing the regeneration of these areas, through the perception of the stakeholders involved in this process. The results obtained showed that 20 challenges/barriers are involved in understanding the difficulties of brownfield regeneration. These can be classified into six categories: governance (i.e. inconsistency of political vision, inadequacy of the intervention concept, inadequacy of the institutional model, inadequacy of institutional coordination, instability of the institutional model, lack of promotion and marketing); infrastructure (i.e. undefined structural projects, lack of accessibility); territorial (i.e. size of the intervention areas, location of the intervention areas, metropolitan territorial model, land ownership issues); finance (i.e. lack of investment, financial liabilities, financial crisis, property market crisis); culture (i.e. industrial tradition, industrial stigma); environment (i.e. environmental liabilities, climate change effects).
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2447-2464
Issue: 12
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1722985
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1722985
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hans Löfsten
Author-X-Name-First: Hans
Author-X-Name-Last: Löfsten
Author-Name: Magnus Klofsten
Author-X-Name-First: Magnus
Author-X-Name-Last: Klofsten
Author-Name: Eduardo Cadorin
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Cadorin
Title: Science Parks and talent attraction management: university students as a strategic resource for innovation and entrepreneurship
Abstract: 
 This paper aims to expand our understanding of talent attraction management in Science Parks with a specific interest in university students/alumni as a human and strategic resource. The underlying rationale is how the links with universities can be supported and how the Science Park management can contribute to successful relationships with universities and university students/alumni, in order to develop tenant firms and the park itself. A questionnaire was sent out in 2018–120 parks. This study includes 25 variables, and four significant regression models are presented. The main finding is that Science Park talent attraction activities act as a mediating variable, which affects the informal and formal partnerships between students and firms/universities as well as how the park management can contribute to successful relationships. By attracting students, tenant firms can have a positive impact on their performance as well as Science Park development.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2465-2488
Issue: 12
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1722986
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1722986
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yijia Chen
Author-X-Name-First: Yijia
Author-X-Name-Last: Chen
Author-Name: Robert Hassink
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Hassink
Title: Multi-scalar knowledge bases for new regional industrial path development: toward a typology
Abstract: 
 The topic of new regional industrial path development has recently received increasing attention in economic geography. The core idea is that actors in a specific region mobilize both intra-regional and extra-regional resources, especially knowledge, to develop a new regional industrial path. However, the extant literature has not yet fully explored how actors in different types of regions mobilize different forms of knowledge at various spatial scales to develop different types of paths. To fill this gap, we establish an analytical framework combining four key theoretical concepts, that is, new regional industrial path development, regional innovation systems, differentiated knowledge bases and multi-scalar knowledge sourcing. Drawing on this framework, we propose a typology distinguishing six scenarios. To inform future research, the paper outlines some strategies to operationalize this framework and illustrates these through a brief case study.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2489-2507
Issue: 12
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1724265
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1724265
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Milad Abbasiharofteh
Author-X-Name-First: Milad
Author-X-Name-Last: Abbasiharofteh
Title: Endogenous effects and cluster transition: a conceptual framework for cluster policy
Abstract: 
 The clustering of firms in related fields has a positive impact on economic performance and innovative behaviour. The cluster lifecycle model provides a framework in order to add a temporal dimension to this ongoing debate. This model conjectures that clusters undergo various phases, in each of which they exhibit distinct characteristics in terms of size, economic performance and knowledge sourcing pattern. While there is strong evidence of a dynamic interplay between knowledge networks and clusters, we know little about how the structural configurations of a knowledge network engender cluster transition, and how these dynamics can be captured and integrated into policies. First, this paper contributes to this debate by providing a conceptual framework that accounts for cluster evolution based on endogenous micro-forces that are immanent in a knowledge sourcing structure. Secondly, this article underlines the failures of recent network-related cluster policies and discusses how the developed framework alleviates these issues.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2508-2531
Issue: 12
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1724266
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1724266
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lila Leontidou
Author-X-Name-First: Lila
Author-X-Name-Last: Leontidou
Title: The ancestry of regional spatial planning: a planner’s look at history,
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2532-2533
Issue: 12
Volume: 28
Year: 2020
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1830517
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1830517
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sérgio Nunes
Author-X-Name-First: Sérgio
Author-X-Name-Last: Nunes
Author-Name: Philip Cooke
Author-X-Name-First: Philip
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke
Title: New global tourism innovation in a post-coronavirus era
Abstract: 
 World capitalism has become capitalism of abundance, but decadent capitalism. Today's capitalism is potentially destructive of the planet on which we live. This text seeks to highlight some of the irrationalities underlying this destructive potential, taking the relation between tourism and innovation as a paradigmatic example. The conceptual, political and operational articulation of tourism with innovation is not an easy task to accomplish, and there are many misunderstandings to block its desired symbiosis. It is also quite clear that innovation, namely that which is mediated and valued solely by market and economic and financial performance criteria, induces production and consumption that have contributed to climate change and levels of unsustainability of the planet. This text has three objectives: to requalify the role of innovation in capitalist society, to reconceptualize the relationship between tourism and innovation and to identify some challenges that will test this relationship in the post-COVID-19 era.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1-19
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1852534
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1852534
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Donatella Cialdea
Author-X-Name-First: Donatella
Author-X-Name-Last: Cialdea
Author-Name: Chiara Pompei
Author-X-Name-First: Chiara
Author-X-Name-Last: Pompei
Title: The territorial framework of river courses: a new methodology in evolving perspectives
Abstract: 
 This paper focuses on the importance of watercourses, on the presence of historical, naturalistic and environmental factors and on the necessary requirements to be strongly considered in planning tools that involve spatial development processes. The theoretical approach to this topic is then experimented on the case of the Tiber River in a particularly critical area of its course, which falls within the province of Rome. In order to overcome the complex difficulties that the river encounters along its path, the creation of a River Contract is conceived, as an innovative tool for the development of the river territory as a public space. The main issue of this article is to expose a methodology developed for the definition of landscape quality aims: it is mainly aimed at strengthening the idea that the River Contract could be an implementation stage of the Landscape Plan. The River Contract can play an important role in development strategies in Inner Areas and at the same time be an effective tool for recovering identity values. Effort was concentrated on the production of a territorial survey matrix that could be exploited by Local Authorities with the spirit of including the needs of the inhabitants.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 20-38
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1747401
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1747401
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elda İstillozlu
Author-X-Name-First: Elda
Author-X-Name-Last: İstillozlu
Author-Name: Naciye Doratlı
Author-X-Name-First: Naciye
Author-X-Name-Last: Doratlı
Title: A normative approach for assessment of accessibility from liveability perspective
Abstract: 
 The urban problems faced today and the growing competitive environment call for the re-examination of the liveability of cities. Especially, rising urban sprawl and chaotic urban areas with economic, social and environmental problems, which impinge on the liveability of cities demand critical studies to aid policy formulation and implementation. Although the most exact approach is subject to debate, it is notable that accessibility to urban amenities has a crucial impact on the liveability of cities. Moreover, it is argued that accessibility is a subject of functional place quality which is a dimension of liveability. Therefore, assessing accessibility from a liveability perspective would provide a basis for suggesting planning policies and interventions for improving accessibility of cities. Exploring different methodologies and approaches to accessibility measurements have shown that assessing user perception, a normative approach, is the most appropriate for a new liveability-based methodology. Following from these, liveability, as it relates to place quality, has been defined in conjunction with accessibility and mobility. Afterward, accessibility has been explored through a liveability perspective to determine its indicators and criteria for suggesting a normative methodology to be able to make evaluations of accessibility of cities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 39-56
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1779666
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1779666
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Moritz Albrecht
Author-X-Name-First: Moritz
Author-X-Name-Last: Albrecht
Author-Name: Jarmo Kortelainen
Author-X-Name-First: Jarmo
Author-X-Name-Last: Kortelainen
Title: Recoding of an industrial town: bioeconomy hype as a cure from decline?
Abstract: 
 We study placemaking in Äänekoski, a small Finnish industrial town, by analyzing how the local government utilizes a recent large-scale bioeconomy investment in its attempts to reinvent the town, and how components of place conform to the image building ‘script’. We deploy an assemblage concept and study local place as a combination of material and expressive properties, forces of (de-)territorialization, acts of (de-/re-)coding and relations of exteriority. Äänekoski was known as a shrinking mill town before Metsä Group Corporation decided to build a bio-production complex there in 2014. We analyze how the local government attempts to recode the town with the help of bioeconomy-based place branding, town planning and extensive material investments in the townscape. Despite support from the national ‘bioconomy hype’ and political narratives, several material, expressive and deterritorializing elements (e.g. declining population, unemployment, environmental debates) work against this growth-oriented recoding. The results allow us to draw critical conclusions on small and industrial town image building.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 57-74
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1804532
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1804532
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Esubalew Alehegn Tiruneh
Author-X-Name-First: Esubalew Alehegn
Author-X-Name-Last: Tiruneh
Author-Name: Silvia Sacchetti
Author-X-Name-First: Silvia
Author-X-Name-Last: Sacchetti
Author-Name: Ermanno C. Tortia
Author-X-Name-First: Ermanno C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tortia
Title: The effect on economic development of creative class versus human capital: panel evidence from German regions
Abstract: 
 The creative class thesis considers the creative class, compared to human capital, as a better driver of regional economic development. We test this thesis for Germany. We measure creative class and human capital by occupation and education, respectively using classification codes from The Sample of Integrated Labor Market Biographies (SIAB), and proxy regional economic development by per capita income and employment. Our panel estimation results with system GMM show that the human capital effect on per capita income is substantially stronger than the creative class, while the creative class drives employment far better than human capital does. The evidence does not support the notion that the creative class drives development better than human capital.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 75-93
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1821611
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1821611
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roberta Capello
Author-X-Name-First: Roberta
Author-X-Name-Last: Capello
Author-Name: Silvia Cerisola
Author-X-Name-First: Silvia
Author-X-Name-Last: Cerisola
Title: Catching-up and regional disparities: a resource-allocation approach
Abstract: 
 While the allocation of regional assets has been theoretically and empirically analysed in regional growth theories, the subsequent logical step on how such allocation affects regional inequalities has not found direct quantitative validation. This paper tries to fill this gap by presenting an original simulation able to capture the relative weight of each economic resource in the process of decreasing regional disparities. Results witness that not all resources play the same role and that inequalities are better overcome when growth assets fit the regional productive specialization. The former result represents a guide for raising policymakers’ awareness on resource priority investments, while the latter proves once again that the local productive vocation is dramatically relevant, and that Cohesion Policy cannot be designed without considering local specificities, in line with the theoretical arguments of the Smart Specialization Strategy.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 94-116
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1823323
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1823323
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:1:p:94-116




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Apostolos Papagiannakis
Author-X-Name-First: Apostolos
Author-X-Name-Last: Papagiannakis
Author-Name: Athina Vitopoulou
Author-X-Name-First: Athina
Author-X-Name-Last: Vitopoulou
Author-Name: Athena Yiannakou
Author-X-Name-First: Athena
Author-X-Name-Last: Yiannakou
Title: Transit-oriented development in the southern European city of thessaloniki introducing urban railway: typology and implementation issues
Abstract: 
 Developed essentially in the context of American cities, the Transit Oriented Development (TOD) model has also occupied the literature regarding European cities, especially those with long developed urban rail systems. This paper provides a critical overview of the TOD model regarding three main topics: key features and typologies; benefits, drawbacks and implementation challenges; and readiness criteria. It then proceeds to an investigation of the potential for implementing the TOD model in the context of Southern European cities, traditionally considered to fall into typical compact forms of development, many of which also lack integrated urban and transport planning. Based on the case of Thessaloniki, Greece, which introduces urban rail by constructing a metro system, a typology is proposed, adapted to the case of a dense and mixed-use city, and two pilot TOD plans are presented. The paper highlights that an integrated urban and transport planning based on a modification of the TOD model could be implemented in Southern European cities, taking advantage of their compact and mixed-use features but also constraining the relatively recent phenomenon of suburban dispersion. Nevertheless, overcoming the multiple institutional and financing barriers is necessary to guarantee a successful transfer and adaptation of the TOD model.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 117-141
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1724267
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1724267
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:1:p:117-141




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sara Macdonald
Author-X-Name-First: Sara
Author-X-Name-Last: Macdonald
Author-Name: Jochen Monstadt
Author-X-Name-First: Jochen
Author-X-Name-Last: Monstadt
Author-Name: Abigail Friendly
Author-X-Name-First: Abigail
Author-X-Name-Last: Friendly
Title: From the Frankfurt greenbelt to the Regionalpark RheinMain: an institutional perspective on regional greenbelt governance
Abstract: 
 Legally protected by its own constitution since 1991, the greenbelt (or ‘GrünGürtel’) forms a ring of greenspace around Frankfurt, Germany and has been considered an effective reaction to municipal development pressures. As a response to Frankfurt’s embeddedness within a highly interconnected suburbanized region under extensive growth pressures, the Regionalpark RheinMain was established to upscale the greenbelt to the regional level. In this article, we explore the institutional complexities of upscaling a localized greenbelt to the regional scale in the Frankfurt Rhine-Main region, which is known for its fragmented institutional environment formed by numerous planning authorities and special purpose agencies with overlapping jurisdictions. Engaging with the literature on the governance of greenbelts from an institutional perspective, we analyse how the development of the Regionalpark RheinMain is shaped by horizontal, vertical and territorial coordination problems. We conclude that that the Regionalpark RheinMain is not appropriately institutionalized to serve as an effective regional greenbelt, resulting in localized initiatives and the delegation of greenbelt planning to municipalities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 142-162
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1724268
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1724268
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ignazio Cabras
Author-X-Name-First: Ignazio
Author-X-Name-Last: Cabras
Author-Name: Franziska Sohns
Author-X-Name-First: Franziska
Author-X-Name-Last: Sohns
Author-Name: Jesus Canduela
Author-X-Name-First: Jesus
Author-X-Name-Last: Canduela
Author-Name: Steve Toms
Author-X-Name-First: Steve
Author-X-Name-Last: Toms
Title: Public houses and house prices in Great Britain: a panel analysis
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the relationship between public houses or ‘pubs’ and house prices in Great Britain. Using a unique dataset, comprising statistical indicators for 373 local authorities registered between 2005 and 2015, the authors investigate this relationship from a panel data perspective. The analysis identifies a strong positive association between an increase in the number of pubs and house prices, showing different patterns with regard to pubs located in urban, suburban and rural areas. Results offer an original contribution to the literature related to the economic value of pubs as important third places in Great Britain, providing the basis for potential policy choices aimed at supporting community investment.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 163-180
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1726294
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1726294
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:1:p:163-180




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Erblin Berisha
Author-X-Name-First: Erblin
Author-X-Name-Last: Berisha
Author-Name: Giancarlo Cotella
Author-X-Name-First: Giancarlo
Author-X-Name-Last: Cotella
Author-Name: Umberto Janin Rivolin
Author-X-Name-First: Umberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Janin Rivolin
Author-Name: Alys Solly
Author-X-Name-First: Alys
Author-X-Name-Last: Solly
Title: Spatial governance and planning systems in the public control of spatial development: a European typology
Abstract: 
 Although the functions of spatial governance and planning systems are generalizable, 30 years of comparative studies, especially in Europe, have shown the heterogeneity characterising these ‘institutional technologies’. This contribution builds on the materials of the recently concluded ESPON COMPASS research project to propose a European typology on the capacity of public authorities to control spatial development, a crucial aspect for the life of entire cities, regions and countries. Based on the opinions expressed by respective national experts, the systems of 39 countries (28 EU and 11 non-EU) are compared in relation to the mechanisms to allocate land use and spatial development rights as well as to the prevalence of the state vs. the market in guiding the development decisions. As a result, the European systems are placed on an X-Y diagram, which makes it possible to cluster them in consistent types that raise new comparative observations and general findings. In summary, the capacity for public control of spatial development looks variegated in Europe, although limited overall. Even if the power relations between state and market established in each institutional context are certainly influential, the models adopted for allocating spatial development rights also play a role in determining the observed trends.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 181-200
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1726295
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1726295
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:1:p:181-200




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mayra Mosciaro
Author-X-Name-First: Mayra
Author-X-Name-Last: Mosciaro
Title: Selling Milan in pieces: the finance-led production of urban spaces
Abstract: 
 The idea that the city of Milan is being ‘sold in pieces’, raised by one of the interviewees that collaborated with this study, is the perfect description of the piecemeal contractual urban planning approach that the municipality has relied on for the past decades. This paper will scrutinize the latest large-scale urban redevelopment project in the city, CityLife, and argue that this is the ultimate example of land being mobilized, produced, and negotiated, as a pure financial asset. The process occurring in Milan is not peculiar or unique to this city, as a matter of fact, many of the core elements that support CityLife are widely recognizable: financially constrained local governments in search of new revenue streams and looking to reduce expenses; the transition of non-financial firms into finance-led companies – the rise of shareholder value and other market metrics; the realization that real estate is ‘not just another asset class’, etc. This paper will rely on CityLife to discuss a growing trend in cities around the world, the financialization of the built environment and the different layers (actors) necessary to promote such finance-led urban ‘(re)development’ schemes.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 201-218
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 1
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1735309
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1735309
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:1:p:201-218




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ralph Buehler
Author-X-Name-First: Ralph
Author-X-Name-Last: Buehler
Title: The politics of cycling infrastructure. Spaces and (In)Equality
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 219-220
Issue: 1
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1845427
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1845427
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:1:p:219-220




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Misiak Tomasz
Author-X-Name-First: Misiak
Author-X-Name-Last: Tomasz
Author-Name: Dykas Paweł
Author-X-Name-First: Dykas
Author-X-Name-Last: Paweł
Title: Related and unrelated variety vs. basic labour market variables - regional analysis for Poland
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the influence of related variety (RV) and unrelated variety (UV) on the basic variables of the labour market, i.e.: employment growth rates, increase in unemployment rates and real gross wages in the regional approach in Poland. The basic difference between the presented and the current research in this area is that the RV and the UV are introduced into the estimation taking into account the basic determinants of the analysed labour market variables resulting from simple economic models. Moreover, an attempt was made to determine the impact of the RV and the UV on real gross wages, which was not covered in the literature. The research was based on panel data for 16 Polish voivodships (NUTS2) and in the group of regions of Western Poland in the years 2004–2017 using SYS-GMM estimator of Dynamic Panel Data Model. In this paper, a significant positive impact of the RV on the rate of employment growth and wages was found, as well as a negative correlation between the RV and the increase in unemployment rates. On the other hand, the UV positively determined the increase in unemployment rates.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 221-240
Issue: 2
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1728520
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1728520
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:2:p:221-240




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Aliaksandra Baravikova
Author-X-Name-First: Aliaksandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Baravikova
Author-Name: Alessandro Coppola
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandro
Author-X-Name-Last: Coppola
Author-Name: Alberto Terenzi
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Terenzi
Title: Operationalizing urban resilience: insights from the science-policy interface in the European Union
Abstract: 
 By examining three policy-oriented research projects funded by the European Union (RAMSES, RESIN, SMR) the paper critically discusses operationalization efforts of urban resilience as they are designed and produced at the interface between science and policy. By analysing the documents and conducting interviews with the projects’ coordinators and participants, three main research questions were addressed concerning how urban resilience is defined across the projects and the actors involved, the role of the tools produced by them in their difficult task to reconcile wider applicability and local specificity and finally how stakeholder engagement and co-creation were framed and implemented. Based on the evidence collected, the authors argue that conceptualizations of urban resilience within operationalization efforts being produced at the science policy-interface are still quite plural and open, that such openness is largely confirmed by the flexibility of the tools produced by the projects and that while becoming increasingly relevant stakeholder engagement and co-creation strategy are yet to be fully framed and theorized. Finally, they present further research pathways aimed at strengthening our knowledge of operationalization efforts, the role of practitioners and of urban resilience implementation in discrete scientific and political environments.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 241-258
Issue: 2
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1729346
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1729346
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marco Bellandi
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Bellandi
Author-Name: Lisa De Propris
Author-X-Name-First: Lisa De
Author-X-Name-Last: Propris
Author-Name: Claudia Vecciolini
Author-X-Name-First: Claudia
Author-X-Name-Last: Vecciolini
Title: Effects of learning, unlearning and forgetting on path development: the case of the Macerata-Fermo footwear industrial districts
Abstract: 
 The paper examines processes of knowledge transformation in Industrial Districts (IDs) and how they contribute to industrial path development. Drawing on a case study of the footwear IDs in the provinces of Macerata and Fermo, Italy, we discuss how the knowledge configuration of the ID, within and outside of its core industry, changes as a result of internationalization activities, affecting path development. The Fermo IDs are characterized by a high multiplicity of know-how nuclei within the core industry and low non-core multiplicity. In this case, we find that unlearning processes are concentrated within the core, supporting at most an extension of its lifecycle. Conversely, the higher non-core multiplicity of the Macerata IDs is favouring also interactions between core firms (sole and heel producers) and non-core firms (producers of plastic instruments), enabling unlearning processes that may open up new paths of development.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 259-276
Issue: 2
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1745156
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1745156
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:2:p:259-276




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Katarzyna Mroczek-Dąbrowska
Author-X-Name-First: Katarzyna
Author-X-Name-Last: Mroczek-Dąbrowska
Author-Name: Anna Matysek-Jędrych
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Matysek-Jędrych
Title: ‘To fear or not to fear?’ The nature of the EU-27 countries’ vulnerability to Brexit
Abstract: 
 The uncertainty of the post-Brexit relations between the UK and the remaining EU-27 countries has caused political, social and economic concerns [Kroll, D. A., & Leuffen, D. (2016). Ties that bind, can also strangle: The Brexit threat and the hardships of reforming the EU. Journal of European PublicPolicy, 23(9), 1311–1320.]. The ongoing negotiations concerning future relations cover various scenarios that may have different impacts on the individual countries in both an economic and a political sense. The aim of the article is to analyse consequences of the British voters’ decision to withdraw from the European Union through the lens of a disintegration process by measuring the degree and the nature of vulnerability of the individual EU-27 countries. It demonstrates an economic and spatial approach to the critical assessment of Brexit, with focus on identifying the nature of individual countries vulnerability. In this way, we contribute to the ongoing debate on the Brexit negotiation process by providing strong arguments in favour of certain policy decision. In line with the ‘neighbor country’ and ‘small country’ hypotheses, we assume that closely located economies and small European economies will experience moderate to high negative consequences of Brexit, while larger ones will not be affected as much.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 277-290
Issue: 2
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1745761
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1745761
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:2:p:277-290




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gabriele Mack
Author-X-Name-First: Gabriele
Author-X-Name-Last: Mack
Author-Name: Gina Fintineru
Author-X-Name-First: Gina
Author-X-Name-Last: Fintineru
Author-Name: Andreas Kohler
Author-X-Name-First: Andreas
Author-X-Name-Last: Kohler
Title: Effects of EU rural development funds on newly established enterprises in Romania's rural areas
Abstract: 
 This study estimates the causal effects of EU Rural Development funds for micro-enterprises and tourism activities on the number of newly established enterprises in the treated rural communities of Romania (programme period 2007–2013). Using a combined database from several sources at the local administrative unit (LAU2) level, both the average treatment effects and average treatment intensity effects are analysed based on Propensity score matching and Dose response treatment models. Controlled variables include institutional factors, and urban–rural as well as farm–non-farm spill-over effects. The analysis showed that on average funds did not contribute to the creation of new enterprises in Romanian rural communities in the period 2009–2014. By matching for covariates no differences were found between supported and unsupported communities regarding new enterprise creation. However, evidence was found that the higher the treatment intensity, the higher the number of newly established enterprises. Furthermore, the results showed that funds higher than €50 per inhabitant significantly contributed to the creation of new enterprises in rural areas.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 291-311
Issue: 2
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1746243
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1746243
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:2:p:291-311




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Olivier Vergne
Author-X-Name-First: Olivier
Author-X-Name-Last: Vergne
Author-Name: Guy Baudelle
Author-X-Name-First: Guy
Author-X-Name-Last: Baudelle
Title: The ‘Alsace European Authority’: a new step in the ‘territorial differentiation’ in France
Abstract: 
 Alsace is a former regional authority which has been amalgamated into a new Grand Est (Greater East) region. After attempts to prevent the dissolution of their region, many elected representatives in Alsace implemented a rapprochement of the two Departments incorporating the former region, Bas-Rhin and Haut-Rhin, in order to continue to pursue a territorial policy throughout Alsace. This process caused high political tensions with the Grand Est Regional Council, where the Departments wished to retain some involvement despite the legal obligation to waive this jurisdiction. Territorial governance became more complex. An agreement was nevertheless reached at the end of 2018 to create the ‘Collectivité européenne d’Alsace’ (Alsace European Authority), a new Alsatian body within the Grand Est region following the merger of the two departments, entrusted with specific jurisdictions due to the importance of cross-border issues. This new type of body sets a precedent in mainland France (except Corsica). Its creation reflects, to a certain extent, an evolution towards greater ‘territorial differentiation’, a principle which calls into question the institutional organization uniformity of a unitary State such as France, to better adapt to specificities of each territory. This case study confirms only partly existing theoretical approaches.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 312-328
Issue: 2
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1751086
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1751086
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Javier Bilbao-Ubillos
Author-X-Name-First: Javier
Author-X-Name-Last: Bilbao-Ubillos
Author-Name: Vicente Camino-Beldarrain
Author-X-Name-First: Vicente
Author-X-Name-Last: Camino-Beldarrain
Author-Name: Gurutze Intxaurburu-Clemente
Author-X-Name-First: Gurutze
Author-X-Name-Last: Intxaurburu-Clemente
Title: Industry 4.0, proximity constraints and new challenges for industrial policy
Abstract: 
 This paper looks in depth at the territorial problems posed by the incorporation of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) into the knowledge bases of product fields in manufacturing industry, resulting in what has become known as Industry 4.0. Using a formal, logical approach we build up a reference taxonomy that identifies various territorial problems based on the cognitive composition of the technology solutions used by manufacturing companies. We assess those problems in terms of their effects in the form of proximity constraints on technological collaboration activities and geographical location for producers. Once the various territorial problems are formally set out, it becomes possible to identify each product field with the problem that corresponds to the cognitive composition of the technical solutions that it uses.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 329-345
Issue: 2
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1753660
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1753660
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:2:p:329-345




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mario Davide Parrilli
Author-X-Name-First: Mario Davide
Author-X-Name-Last: Parrilli
Author-Name: Dragana Radicic
Author-X-Name-First: Dragana
Author-X-Name-Last: Radicic
Title: STI and DUI innovation modes in micro-, small-, medium- and large-sized firms: distinctive patterns across Europe and the U.S.
Abstract: 
 A growing literature discusses the effectiveness of business innovation modes on innovation performance. In particular, the innovation mode based on the application of science and technology drivers -STI- (e.g. R&D; collaboration with universities) is analysed and compared to the mode based on learning-by-doing, by-using and by-interacting -DUI- (e.g. teamwork, collaboration with suppliers). These modes express the archetypical strategies firms use to innovate. The literature has long identified specificities of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). However, in this study we segment this group of enterprises and inquire the peculiar innovation modes adopted by these firms as we expect SMEs to be less homogeneous than typically expected. Here, we distinguish between internal STI and DUI drivers, and external STI and DUI drivers as we expect firms of different sizes to compete through different combinations of drivers. Complementarily, we investigate the impact of these drivers on innovation output across these types of firms. The results show the effective adoption of internal STI drivers across micro/small firms, and the well-rounded approach taken by medium-sized firms. Large firms show a more limited effectiveness of external STI and DUI drivers, which seems to be linked to a selective approach to innovation.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 346-368
Issue: 2
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1754343
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1754343
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Daniel Tubridy
Author-X-Name-First: Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Tubridy
Title: The green adaptation-regeneration nexus: innovation or business-as-usual?
Abstract: 
 There are divergent visions and practices of sustainable urban design in the context of contemporary processes of climate adaptation and infrastructural change. However, the key influences on what trajectory is adopted in different instances have yet to be explored in depth. This article highlights and explores an emerging connection between climate adaptation, sustainable urban design and regeneration or what is termed the ‘green adaptation-regeneration nexus’. This is identified as an ambiguous phenomenon which could instantiate more integrated and collaborative models of planning or, alternatively, denote an intensified economic focus. The implications of the green adaptation-urban regeneration nexus are explored through two case studies of combined climate adaptation and regeneration projects in Sheffield and Copenhagen. The key finding is that both projects’ institutional setting within pre-existing regeneration planning frameworks has been a key influence in both enabling and constraining community participation. The article's key contribution is to highlight the inadequacy of inherited and often flawed planning frameworks from the perspective of realizing innovative, socially and ecologically sustainable approaches to design in an increasingly important sector of urban planning and design practice.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 369-388
Issue: 2
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1757625
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1757625
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nicola Francesco Dotti
Author-X-Name-First: Nicola Francesco
Author-X-Name-Last: Dotti
Author-Name: André Spithoven
Author-X-Name-First: André
Author-X-Name-Last: Spithoven
Author-Name: Ariane Wautelet
Author-X-Name-First: Ariane
Author-X-Name-Last: Wautelet
Author-Name: Walter Ysebaert
Author-X-Name-First: Walter
Author-X-Name-Last: Ysebaert
Title: The ‘certain’ returns from expenditures for ‘uncertain’ activities: a local multiplier approach to evaluate regional R&I policy
Abstract: 
 The paper proposes a policy evaluation approach to estimate the local multiplier effect of (public) R&I expenditures in the context of regional innovation systems (RIS). Starting from input-output tables and recent improvements in local multipliers, the proposed approach tracks all economic flows generated by the initial public R&I expenditures, distinguishing direct impact and subsequent effects on the supply chain, consumption, fiscal flows and inter-regional spillovers. The main interest of this approach is the focus on the ‘certain’ returns occurring within a RIS, irrespective of their ‘uncertain’ innovative outcomes, i.e. this approach tracks the economic flows of R&I expenditures even if innovation-oriented activities should fail to provide the expected benefits for regional productivity. The case of Innoviris, the Brussels regional R&I agency, is discussed to validate this approach unpacking the economic flows in a context of strong interregional linkages showing the spatial distribution of economic returns generated by R&I-oriented public expenditures.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 389-409
Issue: 2
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1758636
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1758636
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:2:p:389-409




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vitor Oliveira
Author-X-Name-First: Vitor
Author-X-Name-Last: Oliveira
Author-Name: Rita Vaz
Author-X-Name-First: Rita
Author-X-Name-Last: Vaz
Title: Is the concept of urban metabolism useful for planning practice?
Abstract: 
 In the last decades, the concept of urban metabolism has been a fundamental topic of the debate on cities. From the overall definition of the concept to the specific measurement of its different components, urban metabolism has been discussed in an increasing number of papers and books, particularly after the 2000s. While it is widely assumed that planning would benefit from the incorporation of the concept, there are few scientific outputs with potential for application into day-to-day practice or, indeed, reviews on that practice as part of an eventual process of integration. The paper tries to address this gap. After discussing the concept, its main components and its applicability into practice, the paper offers a review of day-to-day planning in one particular country – Portugal. Based on this insight on research and practice, it outlines a number of principles for evaluating urban metabolism. It is argued that urban metabolism should be evaluated within planning practice, different metabolic components should be assessed at different scales, the measurement of these components should be selective and balance complexity and pragmatism, and that land should be reinforced within the metabolic framework and be acknowledged as a key element in the linkage between research and practice.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 411-424
Issue: 3
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1740173
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1740173
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: L. B. A. van der Linde
Author-X-Name-First: L. B. A.
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Linde
Author-Name: P. A. Witte
Author-X-Name-First: P. A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Witte
Author-Name: T. J. M. Spit
Author-X-Name-First: T. J. M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Spit
Title: Quiet acceptance vs. the ‘polder model’: stakeholder involvement in strategic urban mobility plans
Abstract: 
 Cities in EU-member states increasingly involve governmental and non-governmental stakeholders in developing strategic urban mobility plans to increase the legitimacy of policies. The question is, to what extent urban transport experts and other stakeholders acknowledge the added value of the involvement of stakeholders in a sectoral policy field as urban mobility planning? This article analyses governmental and non-governmental involvement practices of the cities of Malmö (Sweden) and Utrecht (the Netherlands) using the New Institutional Approach. Both countries strive to a large extent for more stakeholder involvement. However, urban transport professionals in both countries also explicitly emphasize the disadvantages of stakeholder involvement in urban mobility planning. According to them, non-governmental stakeholders are not able to think on the needed strategic level, groups are biased, and many other stakeholders do not feel the need to get involved in the policy process. As a consequence, policy processes often result in delays. This study shows that participation of stakeholders in the strategic urban mobility policy process is, according to professionals working in the field, not always the panacea that many scholars expect.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 425-445
Issue: 3
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1735310
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1735310
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thomas Machiels
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Machiels
Author-Name: Tine Compernolle
Author-X-Name-First: Tine
Author-X-Name-Last: Compernolle
Author-Name: Tom Coppens
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: Coppens
Title: Real option applications in megaproject planning: trends, relevance and research gaps. A literature review
Abstract: 
 Megaprojects are complex and contain multiple risks and uncertainties. The dominant ‘predict and control’ planning method mainly ignores risks and uncertainties, making megaprojects inflexible and vulnerable to unforeseen changes. Insights and methods from real options theory (ROT) in economics and finance have the potential to improve planning of megaprojects in three ways: (a) better management and assessment of risks and uncertainties, (b) a more transparent and explicit identification and communication of risks and uncertainties, and (c) a monetary valuation of flexibility. An in-depth literature review of 42 papers of real options applications to megaprojects serves as a benchmark to analyse if current real options literature meets these three expectations. Through this review, we identify the main trends, relevance and research gaps. While its theoretical relevance is illustrated, three main gaps impede real options’ practical relevance for megaprojects: the applications paint an incomplete picture of megaprojects; its mathematical complexity; and the lack of empirical evidence of real-life cases. Based on a plea for more interactive research between scholars and planning practitioners, we provide an agenda for further research as to how ROT can better meet its expectations and fulfill its potential for the planning of megaprojects.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 446-467
Issue: 3
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1742665
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1742665
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:3:p:446-467




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefano Amato
Author-X-Name-First: Stefano
Author-X-Name-Last: Amato
Author-Name: Rodrigo Basco
Author-X-Name-First: Rodrigo
Author-X-Name-Last: Basco
Author-Name: Mikaela Backman
Author-X-Name-First: Mikaela
Author-X-Name-Last: Backman
Author-Name: Nicola Lattanzi
Author-X-Name-First: Nicola
Author-X-Name-Last: Lattanzi
Title: Family-managed firms and local export spillovers: evidence from Spanish manufacturing firms
Abstract: 
 By combining arguments from regional economics and family business research, the aim of this article is to test the relationships among local export spillovers, management characteristics, and export propensity on a large sample of Spanish manufacturing firms over the 2003–2015 period. We find that family-managed firms, compared to their non-family counterparts, benefit more from being located in regions with a high density of exporters. Because of their firm-specific social capital and strong embeddedness in local networks, family-managed firms are better positioned to leverage the spatially bounded flow of knowledge and information in these regions, resulting in a higher likelihood to export than non-family firms. Additionally, our results show that the knowledge spillover effect is stronger for small and low-tech family firms’ export propensity.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 468-492
Issue: 3
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1743238
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1743238
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:3:p:468-492




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Agnieszka Szpak
Author-X-Name-First: Agnieszka
Author-X-Name-Last: Szpak
Title: Climate change adaptation plans in Polish cities – comparative analysis
Abstract: 
 The research goal of this article is to examine climate change strategies in selected Polish cites. These cities include Warsaw, Kraków and Poznań. The paper covers a broader context, namely the significance of cities for fighting climate change and the attitude of Polish central authorities to the issue of climate change. It also demonstrates the importance of urban planning in climate change issues. Against this background concrete cities and their climate change adaptation policies are examined and compared to the national strategical adaptation plan to climate change. The research questions are: how do Polish cities deal with the climate change? What actions do they undertake? What kind of documents at the local level are relevant? The major conclusions are that Polish central government only declaratively meets its commitments, while cites, including Polish cities, are taking real actions and in this way, they bypass States by complementing or replacing their actions. Cities form their own climate change adaptation policies and implement them.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 493-510
Issue: 3
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1744528
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1744528
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Łukasz Musiaka
Author-X-Name-First: Łukasz
Author-X-Name-Last: Musiaka
Author-Name: Tomasz Figlus
Author-X-Name-First: Tomasz
Author-X-Name-Last: Figlus
Author-Name: Robert Szmytkie
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Szmytkie
Title: Models of morphological transformations of centres of the largest Polish cities after World War II
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the topic of changes in central parts of large cities in Poland that have occurred in the post-war period, which can be divided into two stages with different factors shaping urban space. The rebuilding of cities in Poland following destruction brought by WWII was one of the elements of building the socialist city. This process was frequently planned, often steered, unlike the dynamic processes initiated along with the political and socio-economic transformation of the 1990s, which took place already under market economy conditions. Three categories of city centres were distinguished according to the scope of rebuilding and the direction of post-war morphological changes: cities where changes were slight (Łódź, Kraków), partly reconstructed cities (Wrocław, Poznań), rebuilt and completely reconstructed cities (Gdańsk, Szczecin, Warszawa). In the post-war period, the city centres in question were characterized by diverse forms and scope of rebuilding of war damage, scale of expansion of the transport network, decline of the industrial function, development of large commercial complexes in the direct neighbourhood of the old centre, expansion of the office function and buildings and revitalization and revalorization of historical fabric.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 511-535
Issue: 3
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1744529
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1744529
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Regina Lenz
Author-X-Name-First: Regina
Author-X-Name-Last: Lenz
Author-Name: Johannes Glückler
Author-X-Name-First: Johannes
Author-X-Name-Last: Glückler
Title: Same same but different: regional coherence between institutions and policies in family firm succession
Abstract: 
 Family firms represent the backbone of regional economies in Europe. Yet, due to demographic and societal changes, family firm succession increasingly poses a challenge to both firm continuity and regional stability, which is why policymakers look for appropriate ways to support family firms in their succession processes. In pursuit of policies that fit local institutional conditions, we explore the fact that two structurally similar European regions facing the same succession problem have developed different policies to address it. Using the analytical framework of institutional logics and drawing on 67 interviews with family firms and succession experts in the Spanish Basque Country and the German region of Baden-Württemberg, we find that the different policies are coherent with each region’s unique constellation of the institutional logics of business, family, and community and thus make up distinct regional policy regimes. The paper offers a framework applicable to other regions for making underlying normative behavioural guidelines visible, and for more precisely assessing the relationship between institutions and policies. It contributes to a better understanding of the regional specificity of institutions as a base upon which place-sensitive policies can be developed, or fundamental attempts be made to re-shape institutions by political measures.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 536-555
Issue: 3
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1757041
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1757041
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:3:p:536-555




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mara Cerquetti
Author-X-Name-First: Mara
Author-X-Name-Last: Cerquetti
Author-Name: Eleonora Cutrini
Author-X-Name-First: Eleonora
Author-X-Name-Last: Cutrini
Title: The role of social ties for culture-led development in inner areas. The case of the 2016–2017 Central Italy earthquake
Abstract: 
 During the past fifteen years, economic and managerial studies have devoted increasing attention to the role of cultural and creative industries, especially in promoting urban regeneration and local development in metropolitan areas. Less attention has been paid to culture-led development in marginal and fragile areas. Moreover, there is increasing policy and research interest in post-disaster resilience, and it is well known that rebuilding communities is even more important than physical reconstruction. This paper contributes to advance knowledge by interconnecting these research fields. We focus on inner areas and take as a specific object of analysis a wide area affected by the earthquakes that struck Central Italy between August 2016 and January 2017. Drawing on empirical data collected through semi-structured interviews with local cultural and tourism managers, we examine initiatives of horizontal and vertical cooperation that unfolded in the first two years after the earthquakes and we discuss issues and prospects of ‘adaptive resilience’ that may emerge thereinafter. We suggest that the wealth of bottom-up cultural experiences launched after the earthquake, and their high degree of inclusiveness can be considered as signs of the social capital that can sustain the post-earthquake economic recovery.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 556-579
Issue: 3
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1759512
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1759512
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lars Symmank
Author-X-Name-First: Lars
Author-X-Name-Last: Symmank
Author-Name: Adriano Profeta
Author-X-Name-First: Adriano
Author-X-Name-Last: Profeta
Author-Name: Christine Niens
Author-X-Name-First: Christine
Author-X-Name-Last: Niens
Title: Valuation of river restoration measures – Do residential preferences depend on leisure behaviour?
Abstract: 
 The number of river restoration projects grew steadily in recent years. However, freshwater ecosystems attract diverse stakeholder groups and thus are frequently a source of conflicting interests. A growing number of studies analyses stakeholder preferences towards river restoration projects albeit without distinguishing between them. However, a differentiated analysis is highly important, since public participation in decision-making is often restricted to a limited number of stakeholder groups. We used a discrete choice experiment to unravel preference heterogeneity of local residents towards river restoration depending on individual leisure behaviour. Our results show that some user groups have contrasting preferences to the vast majority of users. This is of particular interest, as these well-organized and influencing groups are considerably small and do not represent the general opinion of residents. Our results illustrate the large challenges for decision-makers and planners who are obliged to ensure public participation in river restoration projects.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 580-600
Issue: 3
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 3
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1760792
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1760792
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:3:p:580-600




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Bruno S. Frey
Author-X-Name-First: Bruno S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Frey
Author-Name: Andre Briviba
Author-X-Name-First: Andre
Author-X-Name-Last: Briviba
Title: A policy proposal to deal with excessive cultural tourism
Abstract: 
 This paper presents a proposal to deal with cultural overtourism causing substantial negative effects. They burden the local population, tourists, and the natural environment by overcrowding, vandalism, and pollution. While at present tourism is suppressed by governments due to the COVID-19 pandemic, it will likely become a major issue again in the future. Our proposal allows us to think about the way cultural tourism should be organized in the future and how to mitigate the negative externalities affecting cultural heritage as well as the local population and the natural environment. As an innovation to overcome these problems, the heavily visited historical sites are to be replicated in a suitable nearby location. Advanced digital technology such as augmented and virtual reality, holograms, and digital twins are to be used to make the cultural sites attractive to all sorts of tourists.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 601-618
Issue: 4
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1903841
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1903841
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:4:p:601-618




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ondřej Konečný
Author-X-Name-First: Ondřej
Author-X-Name-Last: Konečný
Author-Name: Zdeněk Šilhan
Author-X-Name-First: Zdeněk
Author-X-Name-Last: Šilhan
Author-Name: Markéta Chaloupková
Author-X-Name-First: Markéta
Author-X-Name-Last: Chaloupková
Author-Name: Hana Svobodová
Author-X-Name-First: Hana
Author-X-Name-Last: Svobodová
Title: Area-based approaches are losing the essence of local targeting: LEADER/CLLD in the Czech Republic
Abstract: 
 Since its accession to the EU, the Czech Republic has gradually strengthened its support for area-based approaches in local development. In the light of the increasing financial support and the growing number of local action groups (LAGs), optimism seems to be appropriate that the elements of local governance have the potential to be implemented in the Czech Republic now more than ever before. Community-Led Local Development (CLLD) in the programming period of 2014–2020, however, throws away the advantage of having the local focus, one of the essential elements of integrated territorial development tools. We back up this claim with an analysis of the implementation process of the CLLD method at the national level, the evaluation of the strategic and implementation parts of the 43 strategies of CLLD LAGs, and in-depth interviews with 23 LAG managers. Our results show that the offer only partially meets the identified local needs of LAGs. The final strategy of CLLD has been created in the background of the pragmatic approach of actors in the territory influenced by the defined range of topics. The potential for the strengthening of local governance is limited, while a hidden top-down effect is applied.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 619-636
Issue: 4
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1764913
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1764913
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:4:p:619-636




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alys Solly
Author-X-Name-First: Alys
Author-X-Name-Last: Solly
Title: Land use challenges, sustainability and the spatial planning balancing act: Insights from Sweden and Switzerland
Abstract: 
 Spatial planning has gone through significant shifts in recent years. Planners today face land use challenges, such as sprawl reduction and mixed use redevelopment, which must be reconciled with technological innovations and changing political and economic pressures. At the same time, their end goal is not just to support economic growth, but also to improve people’s health and social well-being in a place-based framework. Keeping in mind the debate on equity, participation and the achievement of sustainable well-being for all, this paper looks at these issues from both a theoretical point of view, as well as their practical implementation. It critically examines some aspects of spatial planning and territorial governance from Sweden and Switzerland, discussing their flaws and contradictions, as well as pointing out positive features. Overall, the paper suggests that current spatial planning philosophy should privilege an integrated holistic approach, avoiding policies that, in the name of increased speed and efficiency, might lead to partiality, randomness and fragmentation.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 637-653
Issue: 4
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1765992
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1765992
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:4:p:637-653




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Leonardo Costa
Author-X-Name-First: Leonardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Costa
Author-Name: Francisca Guedes de Oliveira
Author-X-Name-First: Francisca
Author-X-Name-Last: Guedes de Oliveira
Author-Name: Alexandra Leitão
Author-X-Name-First: Alexandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Leitão
Author-Name: José Paredes
Author-X-Name-First: José
Author-X-Name-Last: Paredes
Title: Business cycles and trends in Germany and Portugal: macroeconomic policy implications in the Euro Area
Abstract: 
 We describe the neoclassical view of the business cycle by European Institutions in the Euro Area, and derive the stylized facts of business cycles and trends for Germany and Portugal in the period 1991–2018. The data are extracted from the European Commission’s AMECO database. To separate cycle and trend, we use the decomposition available in the AMECO database for the output, and the Hodrick-Prescott filter for the other variables. The results show that the amplitude of the business cycle and persistence of shocks are greater in Portugal than in Germany. They also show that the stylized facts of the business cycles of the two economies are quite different. Moreover, common shocks have asymmetric consequences. In the long run, there has been a convergence of inflation, general government structural balances, and real unit labour costs, but general government consolidated gross debt, fixed investment, and per capita potential GDP have been increasingly diverging, despite the behaviour of real wages and net exports in the two countries. Additionally, temporary shocks have permanent effects on the Portuguese economy. The results raise questions about the place-neutral macroeconomic policy enforced by the European institutions in the Euro Area, particularly in what concerns cohesion Member States.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 654-680
Issue: 4
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1766424
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1766424
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:4:p:654-680




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kaija Valdmaa
Author-X-Name-First: Kaija
Author-X-Name-Last: Valdmaa
Author-Name: Rhiannon Pugh
Author-X-Name-First: Rhiannon
Author-X-Name-Last: Pugh
Author-Name: Jaanus Müür
Author-X-Name-First: Jaanus
Author-X-Name-Last: Müür
Title: Challenges with strategic placed-based innovation policy: implementation of smart specialization in Estonia and Wales
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the implementation of smart specialization in Europe and exposes challenges arising from moving towards a more strategic (directional and non-neutral), place-based, and bottom-up mode of regional innovation policy. The analysis focuses on two small European nations – Wales and Estonia – and discusses the challenges that they have experienced with designing and implementing directional and non-neutral policies of smart specialization. Through a decade of research, drawing on interviews and documentary analysis, we find that in both cases, the entrepreneurial discovery process (EDP) was not conducted as it was envisioned. Furthermore, the undertaking of smart specialization has not necessarily delivered on the promise of orienting regional policy towards a more sustainable, place-based, and bottom-up approach. This has led to a situation where local problems as well as opportunities have been overlooked and local smart specialization agendas have instead been shaped by centrally chosen broad values and directions in a top-down manner.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 681-698
Issue: 4
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1767541
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1767541
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:4:p:681-698




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Siiri Silm
Author-X-Name-First: Siiri
Author-X-Name-Last: Silm
Author-Name: Jussi S. Jauhiainen
Author-X-Name-First: Jussi S.
Author-X-Name-Last: Jauhiainen
Author-Name: Janika Raun
Author-X-Name-First: Janika
Author-X-Name-Last: Raun
Author-Name: Margus Tiru
Author-X-Name-First: Margus
Author-X-Name-Last: Tiru
Title: Temporary population mobilities between Estonia and Finland based on mobile phone data and the emergence of a cross-border region
Abstract: 
 People move for various purposes and lengths of time. Temporary mobilities across borders have become increasingly important but are difficult to observe. In considering temporary population mobilities between Estonia and Finland, the present focus is on the volumes of temporary mobility, characteristics of visits, visitor types, temporal rhythms, distribution of visits to destinations, and their contribution to the emergence of a cross-border region. By making use of passive mobile positioning data (CDR, DDR), it is shown that mobility between Estonia and Finland is frequent, but the durations and temporal rhythms relate to different purposes in different directions. While most visitors are tourists (94% from Estonia to Finland and 99% from Finland to Estonia), regular cross-border travellers (i.e. transnationals) make up 5% of the visitors from Estonia to Finland. Intensive cross-border mobility, relating to regular visitors who spend time in both countries, contributes to the development of a cross-border region between the two countries. Mobile positioning data are of value for measuring and understanding the different types of visitor flows in cross-border regions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 699-719
Issue: 4
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1774514
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1774514
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:4:p:699-719




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Giulio Cainelli
Author-X-Name-First: Giulio
Author-X-Name-Last: Cainelli
Author-Name: Valentina Giannini
Author-X-Name-First: Valentina
Author-X-Name-Last: Giannini
Author-Name: Donato Iacobucci
Author-X-Name-First: Donato
Author-X-Name-Last: Iacobucci
Title: Spatial networking and firms’ organization. The case of Italy
Abstract: 
 The literature on business groups played a significant role in the debate over the evolution of Italian industrial districts. The diffusion of business groups in industrial districts resulted in a hierarchization of productive relationships and increased output concentration. This paper focusses on the presence and the characteristics of business groups in industrial districts. We assume that there are particular features of business groups that are specific to district compared to non-district business groups: the former are less diversified, more spatially concentrated and with a higher level of hierarchization. We use a novel dataset on Italian manufacturing groups based on information provided by the AIDA database. The empirical evidence confirms our expectations.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 720-738
Issue: 4
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1778644
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1778644
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:4:p:720-738




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ross Brown
Author-X-Name-First: Ross
Author-X-Name-Last: Brown
Title: Mission-oriented or mission adrift? A critical examination of mission-oriented innovation policies
Abstract: 
 This debate article provides a critical examination of the rationale for, and validity of, mission-oriented innovation policies. It does so by providing a critique of the ‘mission-oriented’ approach espoused for the new Scottish National Investment Bank (SNIB). The central contention put forward in this paper is that its mission-oriented approach constitutes ‘fuzzy’ policy making which is highly opaque, lacking sufficient detail and fails to align itself properly with the demand conditions within the Scottish innovation system. Arguably, this policy approach could result in significant policy path dependencies which could further reinforce (rather than reverse) the inherent weaknesses within the Scottish innovation system. The paper outlines an alternative ‘diffusion-oriented’ approach which seems better equipped at overcoming the entrenched ‘low productivity, low innovation equilibrium’ evident in Scotland. Regional innovation policy must be properly customized to ensure new agencies are effectively tailored and aligned to the demand conditions within their local innovation and entrepreneurial ecosystems. In short, policy should be context-led rather than mission-led.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 739-761
Issue: 4
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1779189
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1779189
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Annet Kempenaar
Author-X-Name-First: Annet
Author-X-Name-Last: Kempenaar
Author-Name: Emma Puerari
Author-X-Name-First: Emma
Author-X-Name-Last: Puerari
Author-Name: Marcel Pleijte
Author-X-Name-First: Marcel
Author-X-Name-Last: Pleijte
Author-Name: Michael van Buuren
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: van Buuren
Title: Regional design ateliers on ‘energy and space’: systemic transition arenas in energy transition processes
Abstract: 
 In light of the challenges imposed by climate change, many countries are ‘planning’ for energy transition. Interactions between different actors in transition arenas, help shift the current complex socio-technological energy system towards a new sustainable one. A critical issue is integrating the new energy system with other land-uses and spatial issues. In the Netherlands, regional design ateliers were organized to explore and address these challenges. We conceptualized the regional design ateliers on energy and space as systemic transition arenas in planning for energy transition and analysed their contribution to the regional energy transition process. The design ateliers played an important role in creating insights into regional energy transition and its spatial implications. This raised awareness and affected the perspectives of several stakeholders on energy transition. Our study also showed that some important (spatial) aspects, such as smart combinations with other land-uses and the transport and storage of energy, received little attention during the ateliers, leading to unfinished conversations. We argue that regional design ateliers should also be organized in the upcoming stages of ‘planning’ for energy transition to further fuel the transition process and fully exploit the benefits of regional design ateliers as systemic transition arenas.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 762-778
Issue: 4
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1781792
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1781792
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Harm Alhusen
Author-X-Name-First: Harm
Author-X-Name-Last: Alhusen
Author-Name: Tatjana Bennat
Author-X-Name-First: Tatjana
Author-X-Name-Last: Bennat
Title: Combinatorial innovation modes in SMEs: mechanisms integrating STI processes into DUI mode learning and the role of regional innovation policy
Abstract: 
 Innovation processes comprise interactive learning mechanisms by combining different knowledge sources. Using a set of 80 exploratory interviews with small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and regional innovation consultants, this paper analyzes the mechanisms through which firms combine an STI (science-technology – innovation) and DUI (learning-by-doing, -using and -interacting) mode of innovation. We show that the innovation mode concept ought to be applied as a continuum of combinations. Thus, SMEs integrate STI-based knowledge into DUI-routines through mechanisms with varying levels of complexity. The described mechanisms differ with respect to their effects on innovativeness, the required absorptive capacities, and costs incurred. Depending on the level of integration, cognitive, organizational and financial barriers impede a combination of innovation modes. At this point, regional innovation consultants can affect a successful combination. We derive implications for innovation policy regarding absorptive capacities in SMEs, showing that policy support extends beyond financial services.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 779-805
Issue: 4
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 4
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1786009
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1786009
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marcin Dąbrowski
Author-X-Name-First: Marcin
Author-X-Name-Last: Dąbrowski
Author-Name: Marjolein Spaans
Author-X-Name-First: Marjolein
Author-X-Name-Last: Spaans
Author-Name: Ana Maria Fernandez-Maldonado
Author-X-Name-First: Ana Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernandez-Maldonado
Author-Name: Roberto Rocco
Author-X-Name-First: Roberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Rocco
Title: Cohesion Policy and the citizens’ perceptions of the EU: the role of communication and implementation
Abstract: 
 EU Cohesion Policy has arguably the most tangible impact on the citizens’ environment and livelihoods and can potentially boost their attachment to the European project. Beyond the cross-national transactionalist hypothesis, Cohesion Policy spending has a local impact and may affect the lives of citizens who do not benefit directly from cross-national transactions, like education, work, investment and travel in other European countries. One could thus expect that Cohesion Policy has a significant positive impact on the ways in which citizens perceive the EU. But what happens when a country is a net contributor to the EU’s budget receiving a relatively small amount of Cohesion Policy funding, the bulk of it being invested in poorer European territories? Building on the cases of two Dutch regions – Flevoland and Limburg – this paper investigates the extent to which the citizens are aware of Cohesion Policy interventions and how the features of communication on and implementation of Cohesion Policy affect this awareness.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 827-843
Issue: 5
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1805413
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1805413
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Arnaud Brennetot
Author-X-Name-First: Arnaud
Author-X-Name-Last: Brennetot
Title: The road to ambiguity: the axiological construction of the regional tier in France
Abstract: 
 The merger and enlargement of French regions implemented from 2015 is part of a regionalization process which began in the 1950s. A constructivist approach of the emergence and strengthening of this new regional tier demonstrates the continued existence of an axiological ambiguity combining neoliberal and solidarity-based norms upon which are founded French regional planning policies. The continuation of this ideological assemblage has made the regions flexible instruments, capable of responding to heterogeneous ends and building consensus among political elites.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 807-826
Issue: 5
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1808596
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1808596
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Annaliina Niitamo
Author-X-Name-First: Annaliina
Author-X-Name-Last: Niitamo
Title: Planning in no one’s backyard: municipal planners’ discourses of participation in brownfield projects in Helsinki, Amsterdam and Copenhagen
Abstract: 
 Citizen participation in urban planning has been contested in recent research for stemming from the need to ease conflicts instead of broadening local democracy. Definitions given to participation by planners have remained elusive and do not seem to result in agreed upon practical procedures in the framework of communicative urban planning. This article examines municipal urban planners’ discourses of participation in urban brownfield projects in Helsinki, Amsterdam and Copenhagen through the lens of communicative planning theory (CPT). The contribution of this empirical research case is in its focus on public planners’ views and affordances of participation. The article demonstrates how planners’ work is largely influenced by exogenous political and economic factors and argues that publicly led citizen participation in large-scale brownfield projects is primarily motivated from a comprehensive-rational viewpoint as a way to inform citizens of the construction project and to maintain speedy development. Participatory work is restricted by a complex environment where CPT’s ideals clash with fast paced building, global economy and institutional ambiguity.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 844-861
Issue: 5
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1792842
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1792842
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Will Rossiter
Author-X-Name-First: Will
Author-X-Name-Last: Rossiter
Author-Name: David J. Smith
Author-X-Name-First: David J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith
Title: Knocking on the door: policy, agency and path creation in the post-industrial city
Abstract: 
 At the time of the Millennium, Nottingham, a former manufacturing city in the English Midlands, faced serious challenges as a consequence of de-industrialisation. This was the context from which a new development path based on life sciences emerged. This paper explores the role of policy interventions and the agency of local actors in this path creation process. Kingdon’s [1995. Agendas, Alternatives, and Public Policy. 2nd ed. New York: Longman] multiple streams framework (MSF) is used as an analytical framework through which to assess the interaction and local implementation of three related strands of national policy: regional policy, industrial policy (with an emphasis on clusters) and innovation policy and their role in the emergence of a life science cluster in the city. The case is explored with reference to the experience of other European cities that have faced similar structural challenges and sought to respond with development strategies based on life sciences.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 899-922
Issue: 5
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1809638
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1809638
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eduardo Medeiros
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Medeiros
Author-Name: Martín Guillermo Ramírez
Author-X-Name-First: Martín
Author-X-Name-Last: Guillermo Ramírez
Author-Name: Gyula Ocskay
Author-X-Name-First: Gyula
Author-X-Name-Last: Ocskay
Author-Name: Jean Peyrony
Author-X-Name-First: Jean
Author-X-Name-Last: Peyrony
Title: Covidfencing effects on cross-border deterritorialism: the case of Europe
Abstract: 
 The beginning of 2020 saw the global spreading of the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to a systematic closure of national borders across the world, which we refer to as the ‘covidfencing’ panorama. As expected, in Europe, where close to two million commuters cross national borders on a daily basis to work, this new reality has provoked significant setbacks to their lives. Based on evidence already available from several sources, this article presents some of the main impacts of the covidfencing process in the European cross-border (CB) areas. It does so by relating this process to the components of a proposed deterritorialism conceptual framework. In essence, it was possible to conclude that social related components like the sharing of health facilities and the need to work across borders show the existence of a high degree of deterritorialism in several parts of Europe. Nevertheless, more integration and deterritorialism is required everywhere, and simultaneously at the social, economic, physical and institutional levels. Crucially, covidfencing has highlighted the need for improving cross-border cooperation (CBC) with a view to mitigating persistent CB barriers and European integration processes.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 962-982
Issue: 5
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1818185
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1818185
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: José A. Camacho
Author-X-Name-First: José A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Camacho
Author-Name: Jesús Molina
Author-X-Name-First: Jesús
Author-X-Name-Last: Molina
Author-Name: Mercedes Rodríguez
Author-X-Name-First: Mercedes
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodríguez
Title: Financial accessibility in branchless municipalities: an analysis for Andalusia
Abstract: 
 Financial accessibility as a way of ensuring financial inclusion has received increasing attention. However, most of studies have drawn attention to the likelihood of becoming branchless and not on the differential characteristics of branchless municipalities. The aim this paper is to assess financial accessibility in branchless municipalities of the most populated region of Spain, Andalusia, and to examine their distribution across space. To that end, we identify the nearest bank branch for each branchless municipality. In addition, we incorporate socio-economic characteristics of each municipality in order to identify different groups of branchless municipalities. The results obtained suggest that there are substantial differences across branchless municipalities. In particular, we identify two degrees of financial accessibility: moderate and poor. Population dynamics are revealed as a key factor in explaining financial accessibility although this can be ameliorated by a higher per capita income and a greater industrial specialization. From a territorial point of view, we find a high concentration of branchless municipalities across space. Some initiatives should be taken in order to avoid that people become financially excluded. In this sense, local action groups responsible for rural development policies could identify the main negative effects and propose the most suitable alternative services.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 883-898
Issue: 5
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1804533
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1804533
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lina Berglund-Snodgrass
Author-X-Name-First: Lina
Author-X-Name-Last: Berglund-Snodgrass
Author-Name: Ebba Högström
Author-X-Name-First: Ebba
Author-X-Name-Last: Högström
Author-Name: Maria Fjellfeldt
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Fjellfeldt
Author-Name: Urban Markström
Author-X-Name-First: Urban
Author-X-Name-Last: Markström
Title: Organizing cross-sectoral housing provision planning: settings, problems and knowledge
Abstract: 
 In the governance of housing provision, the public sector is considered unable efficiently to manage such problems through the traditional bureaucratic organizations and associated governing tools. Instead, municipalities are expected to engage in collaborative processes across sectors and with external stakeholders, with the overarching objective to deliver more efficient planning outcomes. As the processes are carried out across sectors, it opens up the opportunity to privilege certain sectors’ perspectives and marginalize others. By drawing from Mouffe's agonistic political theories, this article makes an empirical account of the political in organizing cross-sectoral collaborative planning in Swedish municipalities, with the empirical example of developing municipal programmes for housing provision. The article concludes that social service is severely marginalized in what is generally a depoliticized housing provision planning process. Underpinning the collaboration is the conceptualizing of housing provision as primarily a general deficit in constructing housing. Primarily organizing objectivist knowledge, housing provision is constructed as a technical and procedural matter rather than ideological and political. Through such organizing principles, the overarching housing provision problem remains undealt with, e.g. how do we provide housing to ‘all’ our citizens?
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 862-882
Issue: 5
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1792416
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1792416
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Manuel Expósito-Langa
Author-X-Name-First: Manuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Expósito-Langa
Author-Name: Oana Bărbulescu
Author-X-Name-First: Oana
Author-X-Name-Last: Bărbulescu
Author-Name: José-Vicente Tomás-Miquel
Author-X-Name-First: José-Vicente
Author-X-Name-Last: Tomás-Miquel
Title: Overcoming geographical barriers to international presence. The case of the emerging Romanian Tuscany wine cluster
Abstract: 
 This research contributes to the debate on the determining factors that support access to global value chains by companies belonging to emerging clusters in transition economies. The role of these economies is becoming increasingly relevant in a global world, where discovering new opportunities is focused on increasing market knowledge in order to offer the appropriate products. From a geographical approach, managing both the knowledge flows circulating within the cluster and those coming from external sources can have a positive effect on the companies’ international presence. To analyse these research questions, the wine industry cluster in the Muntenia-Oltenia region of Romania was studied. This wine-growing territory is also known as Romanian Tuscany due to its geographical location. In this area, the wineries have different characteristics depending whether or not they have international projection. The results suggest that local knowledge of the cluster, managed through the network of connections, is necessary for the international presence of the cluster. Moreover, there is a multiplier effect in those wineries where there is foreign ownership, due to their international entrepreneurial character. In summary, this paper contributes to a better understanding of how companies in an emerging cluster work in order to access global value chains.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 923-941
Issue: 5
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1817863
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1817863
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sophie Hasiak
Author-X-Name-First: Sophie
Author-X-Name-Last: Hasiak
Author-Name: Cyprien Richer
Author-X-Name-First: Cyprien
Author-X-Name-Last: Richer
Title: Can rail save a peri-urban way of life? The case of peri-urban cities served by rail services in the metropolitan area of Lille (France)
Abstract: 
 Urban sprawl and the process of peri-urbanization have been important challenges for cities all around the world, generating car dependency. Public policies have taken up this issue with the aim of managing peri-urban mobilities by considering the opportunity of rail services through a sustainable approach. Indeed, the enhancement of the railway system has been at the heart of concerns of land use public stakeholders since the early 2000s. This paper suggests a specific approach to assess how rail may contribute to a sustainable management in peri-urban areas. It aims to analyse if railway enhancement is really a topic taken into account by all the stakeholders, whether they are inhabitants, elected representatives or representatives of economic societies. It relies on analysing the representations they have for peri-urban areas. Based on a specific methodological approach, it shows a certain convergence of interests in living near peri-urban railway stations, which could contribute to strengthen ‘urbanity’ in a sustainable way.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 983-1002
Issue: 5
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1818694
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1818694
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:5:p:983-1002




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jack Laurie Harris
Author-X-Name-First: Jack Laurie
Author-X-Name-Last: Harris
Title: Emerging clusters: the importance of legitimacy, path advocates, and narratives
Abstract: 
 How new industrial pathways of development evolve has captured much attention in evolutionary economic geography lately. The role of path advocates and their narratives is deemed integral to legitimizing new industrial and technological pathways in regions. This paper investigates how the increasingly popular concept of legitimacy can shed light on the emergence of the London and Singapore software clusters. It finds that multiple concurrent clusters were emerging in these cities, the legitimization of which shaped the present-day clusters. The paper provides a novel rethinking of the cluster emergence process using a legitimacy perspective that highlights the varied importance of normative, cognitive, and regulatory legitimacies and the scales they emerge at, and contributes to understandings of inter-path dynamics and the role of path advocates and their narratives.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 942-961
Issue: 5
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 5
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1817864
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1817864
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Bröchner
Author-X-Name-First: Jan
Author-X-Name-Last: Bröchner
Author-Name: Joanna Gregorowicz-Kipszak
Author-X-Name-First: Joanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Gregorowicz-Kipszak
Author-Name: Mathias Gustafsson
Author-X-Name-First: Mathias
Author-X-Name-Last: Gustafsson
Author-Name: Anders Hagson
Author-X-Name-First: Anders
Author-X-Name-Last: Hagson
Title: Accelerated planning for urban housing infills: coordination strategies
Abstract: 
 The outcome of local policies to satisfy residential demand by accelerating urban planning and development is studied here for an infill programme with about 30 plans and a target of 7,000 new suburban dwellings, launched by a mid-sized Swedish city, Gothenburg. Interviews with developers and officials, questionnaires, policy and planning documents including appeals have been analyzed. Three municipal strategies for acceleration were applied: interdepartmental coordination, collaboration with developers and parallel processing of plans and permits. Plans were produced more rapidly, but the goal of parallel work on building permits was seldom achieved. A complex pattern of delay causes has been found and is discussed in the light of coordination strategies. Strong initial focus on the physical design in the detailed development plan overshadowed the need for an early identification of coordination issues throughout the stages of implementation. This emerges as one reason why developers have been reluctant or unable to start detailed design early on, instead of embracing the principle of parallel planning and preparation for a building permit.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1113-1131
Issue: 6
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1817866
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1817866
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:6:p:1113-1131




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Piotr Rosik
Author-X-Name-First: Piotr
Author-X-Name-Last: Rosik
Author-Name: Marcin Stępniak
Author-X-Name-First: Marcin
Author-X-Name-Last: Stępniak
Author-Name: Rafał Wiśniewski
Author-X-Name-First: Rafał
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiśniewski
Title: Delineation of health care deserts using accessibility measures: the case of Poland
Abstract: 
 The designation of peripheral areas with poor access to health care services is a key criterion for possible support from various targeted programmes or strategies. The proper delineation of the periphery relies on many factors, including (1) the accessibility measure adopted (proximity approach, population percentage, cumulative accessibility, potential accessibility and accessibility measure with competition); (2) the type of medical service (pharmacies, basic health care facilities, emergency health care services, hospitals and specialized health care services); (3) the method of determining the periphery area (fixed threshold vs worst deciles). We conclude that methodological assumptions concerning types of medical services, measures of accessibility or the way of determining the periphery should be precisely identified and tailored to a particular policy and case-study area, as even small differences may have a decisive impact on identification of municipalities belonging to a health care desert. Therefore, planners and decision makers should take note of this fact when evaluating funds both for improving accessibility through transport investments as well as for deciding the location of new health care facilities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1151-1173
Issue: 6
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1818184
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1818184
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:6:p:1151-1173




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Camilla Ihlebæk
Author-X-Name-First: Camilla
Author-X-Name-Last: Ihlebæk
Author-Name: Petter Næss
Author-X-Name-First: Petter
Author-X-Name-Last: Næss
Author-Name: Harpa Stefansdottir
Author-X-Name-First: Harpa
Author-X-Name-Last: Stefansdottir
Title: Are compact cities a threat to public health?
Abstract: 
 Whereas compact cities have long been suggested to be the most sustainable solution for urban development, the health impacts of living in dense urban environments are contested. We present results from a mixed-methods study on the associations between built environment (residential location, neighbourhood density and distance from green space), and general health, back pain, headache, and depressive symptoms in Oslo metropolitan area, Norway. The study indicates that the built environment has some associations with health. However, it does not support claims from an earlier study of aggregate-scale comparisons of geographical districts about the overall negative health impacts of living in the central parts of Oslo. Overall, living close to the main city centre, appears to contribute to better self-reported general health, whereas high local-area density showed a slight opposite association. Otherwise, there were in general few associations between spatial characteristics of the neighbourhood and different health complaints. Based on this and earlier findings, we suggest that the built environment influences residents’ health via different mechanisms that are partly counteracting each other. Whereas inner-city dwellers are more exposed to air pollution and noise, they travel more by physically active modes, avoid time-consuming and dissatisfactory commutes, and might benefit from more social arenas.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1021-1049
Issue: 6
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1775790
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1775790
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maija Tiitu
Author-X-Name-First: Maija
Author-X-Name-Last: Tiitu
Author-Name: Petter Naess
Author-X-Name-First: Petter
Author-X-Name-Last: Naess
Author-Name: Mika Ristimäki
Author-X-Name-First: Mika
Author-X-Name-Last: Ristimäki
Title: The urban density in two Nordic capitals – comparing the development of Oslo and Helsinki metropolitan regions
Abstract: 
 Situated in northern Europe, the capital regions of Helsinki, and Oslo have many similar premises concerning urban development. However, the structure of the two regions differs by many measures. We explore the differences in urban density and its development in the both regions and the policy instruments that have affected them. Differences are identified by comparing the population densities of urban settlements and the mean distances from residents and workplaces to the city centres of Oslo and Helsinki using GIS methodology and existing literature. In the Oslo region, the population density shifted from a decreasing trend to an increasing one in the late 1980s. In contrast, the Helsinki region only started to densify in the 2010s. Also, the mean distance of residents and workplaces from the city centre is farther in Helsinki. The long period of low-density housing development and the creation of jobs outside centres in Helsinki is related to weaker political steering towards a compact urban form. In Oslo, regulations such as a greenbelt policy but also physical factors, led to densification relatively early. Lagging in densification policies, Helsinki could learn from the experiences of steering land use and mobility in Oslo, which would need additional research.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1092-1112
Issue: 6
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1817865
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1817865
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gaëtan Palka
Author-X-Name-First: Gaëtan
Author-X-Name-Last: Palka
Author-Name: Eduardo Oliveira
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Oliveira
Author-Name: Sofia Pagliarin
Author-X-Name-First: Sofia
Author-X-Name-Last: Pagliarin
Author-Name: Anna M. Hersperger
Author-X-Name-First: Anna M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hersperger
Title: Strategic spatial planning and efficacy: an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) approach in Lyon and Copenhagen
Abstract: 
 Strategic spatial planning has been a key planning practice at the urban regional level to support the implementation of local spatial transformations. Previously, qualitative comparative research has revealed the complexity that characterizes strategic spatial planning processes; it is multi-faceted, highly context-dependent and embedded in multi-level governance configurations. However, to date, little effort has been made to quantitatively evaluate the ‘planning efficacy’ of strategic spatial planning processes comparatively, i.e. to investigate the extent to which strategic spatial plans facilitate or hinder the local implementation of concrete development strategies in different contexts. In this paper, we evaluate the planning efficacy of strategic spatial planning processes by applying the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) in the urban regions of Lyon, France and Copenhagen, Denmark. Analytically, we employ a set of components capturing the governance performance and the impact of external forces that are assumed to contextually influence the efficacy of strategic planning. Our analysis shows that a quantitative approach such as the AHP, is a useful way to compare strategic spatial planning across urban regions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1174-1192
Issue: 6
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1828291
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1828291
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gabriel José Cabral Dias
Author-X-Name-First: Gabriel José
Author-X-Name-Last: Cabral Dias
Author-Name: Paulo Jorge Gomes Ribeiro
Author-X-Name-First: Paulo Jorge
Author-X-Name-Last: Gomes Ribeiro
Title: Cycle Highways: a new concept of infrastructure
Abstract: 
 Only 8% of the European Union residents use a bicycle to commute, being the Netherlands being the country with the biggest representativeness in bicycle use for everyday activities. The advent of e-bikes brought more people to use bicycles, especially elderly or people with reduced mobility. This technology also allowed people to travel longer distances, which is a key factor for the implementation of Cycle Highways (CH). These facilities were thought to be the bicycle connections between cities where people need to travel to work or study. CH are longer than 5 km and allow cyclists to perform higher speeds than those practiced in cities. They can be placed alongside highways or in totally different sites, but the basic requirement is that bicycles have their own space away from cars and pedestrians to make inter-city journeys. This article presents the concept of this type of infrastructure, some successful examples in the Netherlands, Denmark, Germany, and the United Kingdom, and the technical information from two Danish manuals, which can be consulted when planning and implementing Cycle Highways to connect people and places.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1003-1020
Issue: 6
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1752154
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1752154
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Julie T. Miao
Author-X-Name-First: Julie T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Miao
Title: Getting creative with housing? Case studies of Paintworks, Bristol and Baltic Triangle, Liverpool
Abstract: 
 Florida’s ‘creative class’ terminology emphasizes the desirability of policy to drive better life-work balance, providing personalized housing and vibrant neighbourhood amenities. Interest in these themes is to be found so far in urban economics and sociology literature. Little however is known about the market reactions from the property sector. This paper explores the spatial manifestation of the ‘creative class’ ideals in terms of mixed-use and the locations of housing provision in two development initiatives – Paintworks in Bristol and Baltic Triangle in Liverpool. Findings from interviews and field observations revealed a dominant ‘business as usual’ attitude from the development sector. Regulatory controls, risk aversion, inert housing consumption preferences, and housing financialization, all played their part in deferring the emergence of the idealist ‘creative housing products’ in the UK. More importantly, the housing market dynamic is still better understood on the city or even regional scales instead of fine-grained street levels. Findings in this paper therefore call for deeper understanding regarding the connections between housing and economic development, including specifically creativity and innovation.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1050-1070
Issue: 6
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1777942
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1777942
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sina Shahab
Author-X-Name-First: Sina
Author-X-Name-Last: Shahab
Author-Name: Thomas Hartmann
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Hartmann
Author-Name: Arend Jonkman
Author-X-Name-First: Arend
Author-X-Name-Last: Jonkman
Title: Strategies of municipal land policies: housing development in Germany, Belgium, and Netherlands
Abstract: 
 How do municipalities strategically use land policy to develop land for housing? The development of housing is a challenge for many European countries, though the scale and time of it differs. Issues are not always about the absolute number of houses that need to be supplied in a country. The distribution and quality of houses affect the demand for housing. Land policy determines where and how future developments take place, and as a result, it has a considerable impact on both supply and demand of housing. Municipalities use different strategies of land policy to pursue housing goals. This paper aims to explore the rationalities underpinning such strategies of land policy. Therefore, a theory on pluralism – Cultural Theory – is employed to understand municipal strategies in different contexts, i.e. Germany (Ruhr region), Belgium (Flanders), and Netherlands. Applying Cultural Theory to land policy results in four ideal-typical strategies of active, passive, reactive, and protective land policies. Despite the fact that the decisions of municipalities are made within (or constrained by) their institutional environments (i.e. national/regional planning systems, development cultures, etc.), we found that there are key similarities between the strategies of the studied municipalities regardless of their different institutional environments.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1132-1150
Issue: 6
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1817867
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1817867
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yasmine Essafi Zouari
Author-X-Name-First: Yasmine
Author-X-Name-Last: Essafi Zouari
Author-Name: Arnaud Simon
Author-X-Name-First: Arnaud
Author-X-Name-Last: Simon
Author-Name: Raphaël Languillon-Aussel
Author-X-Name-First: Raphaël
Author-X-Name-Last: Languillon-Aussel
Title: A methodology to analyze local housing wealth divergences in an aging shock context: application to the case of France
Abstract: 
 Assuming a life cycle perspective and using the link between demography and house prices, this article proposes a new approach to analyze the spatial reshaping of housing wealth caused by the elder boom. The modification in housing wealth circulation across generations is also a spatial modification that carries consequences for local territories. Applied to the French case at the departmental level, this methodology is also relevant for European countries confronted to an aging shock. We find that although the losses are amplified for some departments, others benefit from this aging shock. Metropolization is insurance against important housing wealth losses, whereas for the nonmetropolitan departments, a combination of second-order factors is required to avoid wealth decline. Our results suggest that these evolutions are mainly structural and that the cyclical variables are of secondary importance. Compensation, by positive cyclical trend, for structural decline is not a circumstance that currently occurs in the French case. Social classes also appear to be strongly related to this change, in which various spatial inequalities are reinforced. As for the unemployment rate, this indicator poorly reflects the shift and may be misleading for a regional planning policy.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1071-1091
Issue: 6
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 6
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1813692
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1813692
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Roman Matykowski
Author-X-Name-First: Roman
Author-X-Name-Last: Matykowski
Author-Name: Barbara Konecka-Szydłowska
Author-X-Name-First: Barbara
Author-X-Name-Last: Konecka-Szydłowska
Title: Conflicts, competition and cooperation between territorial self-government units after the administrative reform in 1999: Wielkopolska
Abstract: 
 In 1999, the administrative structure in Poland, similar to that existing until 1975, was restored in the territorial dimension, but in the organizational dimension the competences of individual levels (levels), i.e. local (municipal as early as in 1990), subregional (poviats, which were liquidated in 1975) and in new large regions (voivodeships), were divided between regional self-governments and the central government. In Wielkopolska voivodeship established in 1999, a number of areas of conflict or rivalry between administrative units occurred and they concerned, among others:a / the way of restoration of poviats pattern in 1999, which could take the form of (1) a return to the division from 1975, (2) a slight modification of the division from 1975, taking into account the functional connections created in the years 1975–1998, (3) a significant modification of the division, selected medium-sized towns;b / the conception of the management of the voivodeship’s capital (Poznań) together with adjacent municipalities in the form of a metropolitan association and the assessment of the effectiveness of this form of management;c / taking over rural areas by neighbouring cities;d / obtaining the status of a town by some centres of the voivodeship.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1211-1230
Issue: 7
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1839020
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1839020
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eduardo Medeiros
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Medeiros
Title: Critical dictionary on borders, cross-border cooperation and European integration
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1372-1374
Issue: 7
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1928610
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1928610
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maciej Smętkowski
Author-X-Name-First: Maciej
Author-X-Name-Last: Smętkowski
Author-Name: Niamh Moore-Cherry
Author-X-Name-First: Niamh
Author-X-Name-Last: Moore-Cherry
Author-Name: Dorota Celińska-Janowicz
Author-X-Name-First: Dorota
Author-X-Name-Last: Celińska-Janowicz
Title: Spatial transformation, public policy and metropolitan governance: secondary business districts in Dublin and Warsaw
Abstract: 
 Across Europe, economic development is increasingly focused on large city regions intensifying processes of metropolitanization. However, the trajectories and experience of these processes are context dependent, shaped by the broad political–economic context and public policy frameworks. Drawing on case studies of Warsaw (Poland) and Dublin (Ireland), this paper examines the relationship between the transformation of the metropolitan spatial structure (through a focus on secondary business districts) and public policy at the metropolitan scale. Unlike the majority of Secondary Business Districts across Europe, the two selected cases (Sluzewiec and Sandyford) have evolved organically over time. Based on desk research and interviews with local stakeholders, the paper explores the evolution of these districts in the context of public policy choices within multi-level governance and public–private frameworks. The paper concludes by highlighting the role of public policy within secondary business district formation and evolution, and the implications for the broader metropolitan area.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1331-1352
Issue: 7
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1856346
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1856346
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: J. K. Wiersma
Author-X-Name-First: J. K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiersma
Author-Name: L. Bertolini
Author-X-Name-First: L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bertolini
Author-Name: L. Harms
Author-X-Name-First: L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Harms
Title: Spatial conditions for car dependency in mid-sized European city regions
Abstract: 
 We analysed the spatial conditions for Car Dependency (CD) in three European cities and their suburbs, to investigate the following research question: What are the potential travel mode alternatives to the car, and how do they relate to actual travel behaviour? We defined CD as the lack of alternative transport modes to the car for reaching daily destinations. We selected three mid-sized city regions with different planning traditions and travel behaviour: Eindhoven, Southampton and Aachen. The results demonstrate that the differences in CD in the three cities are not substantial. The suburbs show a substantially higher CD than the city proper; however, when considering the e-bicycle as an alternative transport mode, this difference decreases. Daily amenities are largely within walking distance, in cities as well as in suburbs. For the daily commute there seems to be great potential for the (e)-bicycle as most employees, living both in the cities and their suburbs, currently live within 15 km of their jobs. Overall, our research shows that the differences in the actual modal split in the three cities cannot be explained by differences in the spatial conditions for CD.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1314-1330
Issue: 7
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1854691
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1854691
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pauliina Raento
Author-X-Name-First: Pauliina
Author-X-Name-Last: Raento
Author-Name: Helena Leino
Author-X-Name-First: Helena
Author-X-Name-Last: Leino
Author-Name: Markus Laine
Author-X-Name-First: Markus
Author-X-Name-Last: Laine
Title: ‘A great [Nordic] city is full of stories!’ Persuasive techniques in urban development videos
Abstract: 
 Literature on planning as storytelling says little about the techniques of this persuasive practice. An analysis of six urban development videos in three Nordic cities clarifies how futures are envisioned and audiences seduced in the visual digital era. Variables related to space, time, and power demonstrate how meaning is created, the positive is accentuated, and hierarchies are established between places and groups of people. The discussion adds overlooked but useful literature and critical viewpoints to the discussion on planning as storytelling in the visual age. The results show why new, innovative responses are needed for Throgmorton’s 2003 call for the spatialization of storytelling in planning discourse. The results help in improving planners’ and citizen-scholars’ media literacy skills and in considering possible consequences of persuasive storytelling.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1353-1371
Issue: 7
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1856347
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1856347
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jonathan Lenglet
Author-X-Name-First: Jonathan
Author-X-Name-Last: Lenglet
Author-Name: Véronique Peyrache-Gadeau
Author-X-Name-First: Véronique
Author-X-Name-Last: Peyrache-Gadeau
Title: Circularities and proximities within resource valuation systems: insights from territory-based initiatives in the forestry sector
Abstract: 
 The multiplication of local-based labelling systems in the forestry sector seems to echo a growing pressure from both globalization and sustainability expectations. Recent prospects in territorial economics invite us to consider not only the way specific resources are activated, but the terms of their valuation as well. We do this through the examination of six case studies in three French mountain ranges: the Alps, the Vosges and the Jura. We analyse the way institutionalized groups of actors shape and use value portfolios and highlight their role in implementing new types of circularities. We show that wood product labels are increasingly built upon territorial values, notably through the activation of various forms of proximities (spatial and relational). Although very recent, these initiatives attempt to legitimize themselves as ‘counter-norms', questioning the dominant production-distribution model.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1290-1313
Issue: 7
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1846686
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1846686
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Terje Holsen
Author-X-Name-First: Terje
Author-X-Name-Last: Holsen
Title: A path dependent systems perspective on participation in municipal land-use planning
Abstract: 
 Public participation in land-use planning cannot fully be understood without an equivalent understanding of the planning system supporting it. Too often, research lacks a prescriptive understanding of the legislator’s intentions. The right of the public at large competes with other and more specifically designed rights of stakeholders, neighbours, sector authorities, etc. Hence, an adequate understanding of public participation must reflect the general design of all participatory rights in statutory land-use planning. Such rights are often established and shaped through several generations of planning legislation, reflecting a wish to safeguard specific interests. In Norway, the safeguarding of property rights was a contingent occurrence. Other and more general participatory interests and the related rights in line with this, have subsequently been developed on this basis. This has created a path dependency in the design, content and relative strength of public participation relative to other and more specific participatory rights. In this article, public participation in Norwegian municipal land-use planning is analysed from such a path dependent systems perspective.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1193-1210
Issue: 7
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1833841
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1833841
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Karl Krähmer
Author-X-Name-First: Karl
Author-X-Name-Last: Krähmer
Title: Are green cities sustainable? A degrowth critique of sustainable urban development in Copenhagen
Abstract: 
 This paper proposes a case-based degrowth critique of sustainable urban development strategies. Copenhagen, European Green Capital in 2014, is considered a role model of planning for sustainability. Does this hold in a degrowth perspective? Sustainable development assumes that environmental impacts can decline while the economy grows. Degrowth maintains that such a process of absolute decoupling is infeasible. Analyzing Copenhagen’s planning documents in this perspective, I find three factors that make the city’s sustainability strategy ineffective for ecological sustainability. First, Copenhagen’s strategy for climate neutrality is based on externalization: only emissions produced locally are counted. Meanwhile, emissions produced outside of the city for products and services consumed locally remain high. Secondly, policies focus on the efficiency of activities rather than their overall impact: efficiency gains are considered reductions of impact, but really mean slower growth of impact. Finally, sustainability measures are proposed as a ‘green fix’, to increase competitiveness and promote economic growth, leading to increased consumption and impact. Analyzing the critical case of Copenhagen in a degrowth perspective, sheds doubts on sustainable urban development, but does not imply the rejection of all its typical planning measures. This induces reflections on how these results can contribute to a degrowth-oriented urban planning.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1272-1289
Issue: 7
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1841119
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1841119
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Franziska B. Schmid
Author-X-Name-First: Franziska B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Schmid
Author-Name: Felix Kienast
Author-X-Name-First: Felix
Author-X-Name-Last: Kienast
Author-Name: Anna M. Hersperger
Author-X-Name-First: Anna M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hersperger
Title: The compliance of land-use planning with strategic spatial planning – insights from Zurich, Switzerland
Abstract: 
 Although many planning systems are based on a combination of traditional land-use planning and strategic spatial planning, the interplay between the two approaches remains insufficiently investigated. Focusing on the Canton of Zurich, we applied a qualitative content analysis to extract strategic planning intentions from the Cantonal Structure Plan (1995). We quantitatively analysed the compliance of changes in municipal land-use plans between 1996 and 2016 concerning the extracted planning intentions. The overall low rate of changes was accompanied by few active contradictions of land-use planning. Minor deviations from the strategic plan were seen in the spatial allocation of new building zones. Considering the socio-economic dynamics of the region, surprisingly few changes were detected regarding the permitted building density for residential and mixed-use areas. This leads us to the conclusion that the Cantonal Structure Plan (1995) was very successful in quantitatively limiting the expansion of building zones. However, it showed a limited active steering capacity regarding their allocation and the regulation of building density. Our analysis showed that margins of discretion play a key role in multi-level planning systems, balancing flexibility for locally adapted solutions against statutory boundaries to prevent their misuse, as such they need to be considered in planning evaluation.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1231-1250
Issue: 7
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1840522
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1840522
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Oliver Blake
Author-X-Name-First: Oliver
Author-X-Name-Last: Blake
Author-Name: Meredith Glaser
Author-X-Name-First: Meredith
Author-X-Name-Last: Glaser
Author-Name: Luca Bertolini
Author-X-Name-First: Luca
Author-X-Name-Last: Bertolini
Author-Name: Marco te Brömmelstroet
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: te Brömmelstroet
Title: How policies become best practices: a case study of best practice making in an EU knowledge sharing project
Abstract: 
 Best practices are prevalent in all fields of planning and act to highlight effective and implementable examples, set standards, and generally assist ‘evidence-based' policy-making. In doing so, they frame what futures are desirable and play a role in shaping the planned environment. Despite this power, little is known about how certain policies come to be considered best practices. This article takes a case of best practice making in an EU INTERREG project and illuminates the processes and justifications used to select and formulate best practices. Reviewing project documents and interviewing those involved in selecting possible best practices, demonstrates who decides what should be exemplified, how the decisions are taken, and on what grounds choices are made. The varied and subjective reasonings we find to justify best practices calls into question their perceived neutrality and sturdiness as policy-making instruments. However, selecting best practices, as a process itself, is not without benefits for participants as the reflective element enabled unique forms of learning, opening up wider questions about what function best practices have in making policy.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1251-1271
Issue: 7
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1840523
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1840523
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Trine Bille
Author-X-Name-First: Trine
Author-X-Name-Last: Bille
Author-Name: Hanna Nyborg Storm
Author-X-Name-First: Hanna Nyborg
Author-X-Name-Last: Storm
Title: Local development policy: do new culture houses have an impact on migration? The case of Norway
Abstract: 
 During recent decades, most Western European countries and the US have seen massive investments in culture houses designed to host cultural activities like theatre performances, concerts and exhibitions. They are often large with spectacular architectural design, and the main political purpose is often to attract the attention of potential tourists, investors and future residents who could contribute to the economic and demographic development of places. The existing literature contains mainly single case studies of successful places. There is a lack of comprehensive and systematic evidence of the causal effects of new culture houses on attraction and migration. This paper sets out to fill this gap by investigating the effect on migration of the opening of 52 culture houses in Norway in the period 2001–2014; the study uses a panel data structure and a difference-in-difference approach, and the impact of an architectural ‘wow factor’ is tested. The results show that no causal effect on migration of opening a culture house can be identified. The results contradict political rhetoric in many Western countries, and the results have relevance for local politicians who are responsible for planning of local culture and economic development.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1556-1577
Issue: 8
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1877259
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1877259
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Liliana Fonseca
Author-X-Name-First: Liliana
Author-X-Name-Last: Fonseca
Author-Name: Carlos Rodrigues
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodrigues
Author-Name: Joan-Lluís Capelleras
Author-X-Name-First: Joan-Lluís
Author-X-Name-Last: Capelleras
Title: The organizational adaptation of universities to smart specialization: the emergence of strategic network interface units
Abstract: 
 Universities are increasingly expected to engage in regional innovation policy. This has reinforced the need for organizational adaptation of university structures to respond to these new challenges. Recently, a variation in the typical knowledge transfer structures has emerged: strategic network interface units. These units are multidisciplinary and cluster-like formal networks led by universities in collaboration with businesses, government authorities and other organizations. This paper compares the organizational adaptation of two universities – the University of Aveiro and the Autonomous University of Barcelona – as they assume increased responsibilities in regional innovation dynamics. Through interview-based analysis, findings suggest these interface units were created to support the alignment of the universities with smart specialization strategies and EU priority areas for accessing funding. However, while the original aims of these units are very similar, their institutional and operational configuration has led to different cooperative arrangements. Transversal communication based on trust and capacity-building was an important supporting factor in the innovation impact of these units.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1514-1537
Issue: 8
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1854188
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1854188
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Antje Klitkou
Author-X-Name-First: Antje
Author-X-Name-Last: Klitkou
Author-Name: Marco Capasso
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Capasso
Author-Name: Teis Hansen
Author-X-Name-First: Teis
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen
Title: Understanding conditions for path development after path exhaustion
Abstract: 
 This paper focuses on path development processes after a sudden path exhaustion. We analyse the decline, the closure and the attempts at the re-orientation of a forestry-based industry agglomeration in Southern Norway, located around the municipality of Hønefoss. In particular, this paper focuses on the Treklyngen holding company in Hønefoss. This paper explores how policy may be influenced by and built upon regional capabilities to support new path development in the aftermath of path exhaustion. It also shows how natural resources and institutional endowments could contribute to path development, under such difficult circumstances in a peripheral region.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1538-1555
Issue: 8
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1875995
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1875995
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Chatzichristos Georgios
Author-X-Name-First: Chatzichristos
Author-X-Name-Last: Georgios
Author-Name: Nagopoulos Nikolaos
Author-X-Name-First: Nagopoulos
Author-X-Name-Last: Nikolaos
Title: Socially innovative spatial planning: insights from within and beyond a LEADER framework
Abstract: 
 The aim of this article is to understand how socially innovative spatial planning is fostered or impeded within disadvantaged rural areas and to identify the isomorphic dynamics that perpetuate governance failures and curb innovative capacities. This article draws from sociological institutionalist accounts within spatial planning to develop an integrated epistemological tool that traces the institutional qualities that affect the capacity for innovation. Mixed methods research was conducted in the NUTS3 region of Baixo Alentejo; the innovative spatial planning capacities were investigated at both the level of broad governance and the micro-environment of Local Action Groups (LAGs). The findings revealed that despite the enhanced institutional resources possessed by some LAGs, the weak interconnections with the broader governance framework restrict socially innovative spatial planning. In other words, in the absence of a strong governance chain of innovation, even the most empowered links might prove trivial.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1419-1437
Issue: 8
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1867510
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1867510
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Abbas Ziafati Bafarasat
Author-X-Name-First: Abbas
Author-X-Name-Last: Ziafati Bafarasat
Author-Name: Eduardo Oliveira
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Oliveira
Title: Disentangling three decades of strategic spatial planning in England through participation, project promotion and policy integration
Abstract: 
 Strategic spatial planning (SSP) has been a key planning practice supporting spatial transformation globally. However, designing and implementing strategic spatial plans is a complex task. The process involves prioritizing planning intentions, establishing funding mechanisms and structuring governance settings, which take shape within power configurations. It is within this complexity that a participatory and integrative planning approach assumes increasing importance when addressing, strategically, societal challenges such as spatial injustice. Furthermore, a consolidated planning practice – that is the experiences in dealing with SSP are thought to influence how strategic plans are prepared and executed. Bearing in mind the influential role of preceding experiences in SSP processes as well as of participation, project promotion and policy integration, this paper synthesizes the results of a literature review reflecting three decades of SSP (1990–2020) in England. England has a well-defined history of engagements with SSP. The purpose is to discuss lessons learned from looking back 30 years and debate suggestions for how to design future SSP that account for public and private interests and align cross-sectoral policies. To overcome democratic accountability constraints and steering resource management effectively, this review pleas for more cooperative central–local relationships in shaping future SSP processes in England and beyond.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1375-1392
Issue: 8
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1863920
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1863920
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Majken Toftager Larsen
Author-X-Name-First: Majken Toftager
Author-X-Name-Last: Larsen
Author-Name: Marion Serre
Author-X-Name-First: Marion
Author-X-Name-Last: Serre
Author-Name: Remy Vigneron
Author-X-Name-First: Remy
Author-X-Name-Last: Vigneron
Title: Suburban regeneration through capacity building two case-studies from France (Périgueux) and Denmark (Viby)
Abstract: 
 Across Europe, many suburban areas strive to boost their vitality through intensification of uses and densification of their vast existing urban fabric. Urban participatory practitioners working from external positions to urban administrations can play a vital role by introducing new co-creative formats for collaboration between public and private actors. Drawing on theories of capacity building and participatory planning this article explores two case-studies from France and Denmark. Through two models of action led by two different urban participatory practitioners we investigate capacity building as long-term and multilevel processes that are structured through different phases and processual goals: (1) To Mobilize: How to create a group of action. (2) To Involve: How to work together in the same direction (3) To Flow: How to anchor the process. The juxtapositioned cases then establish a nuanced perspective on interdisciplinary approaches of urban practitioners and their implications for capacity building in a suburban context.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1458-1475
Issue: 8
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1873249
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1873249
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Theodore Tsekeris
Author-X-Name-First: Theodore
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsekeris
Title: The European value chain network: key regions and Brexit implications
Abstract: 
 This paper provides an original empirical analysis of the European regional production network, making use of the interregional world input-output database. Similar to the concept of key sectors, a network analysis of key regions and key region-sectors of the EU in the global value chains (GVC) is carried out, taking into account both direct and indirect linkages. Additionally, a clustering analysis is performed to indicate the existence of highly interconnected groups of regions and the polarized structure of the European value chain network. The analysis is extended to quantify implications of Brexit, showing the relative vulnerability of the most internationalized regions and the differentiated sectoral impact according to the geographical origin, as London would mostly affect (tourism and financial) services, whereas the rest of the UK regions would mainly affect manufacturing activities. The findings suggest the considerable heterogeneity of European value chains as a result of varying levels of urban hierarchy, trade specialization between and within countries as well as sectoral concentration of regional economies. The empirical findings can provide valuable policy insights for supporting coordinated economic strategies to enhance regional competitiveness, development and cohesion, and reduce trade imbalances and spatial inequalities in the EU.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1495-1513
Issue: 8
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1850646
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1850646
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Numan Kilinc
Author-X-Name-First: Numan
Author-X-Name-Last: Kilinc
Author-Name: Sevkiye Sence Turk
Author-X-Name-First: Sevkiye Sence
Author-X-Name-Last: Turk
Title: Plan changes in Istanbul (Turkey) as project-led practices in a plan-led planning system
Abstract: 
 As a result of the investment pressures caused by neo-liberal policies, project-led practices are becoming increasingly widespread in plan-led planning systems, which, in turn, has directly impacted the planning system. The aim of this article is to examine the impact of such project-led practices within a plan-led planning system through plan changes. This study examines by subject and analyses the spatial distribution of 17,369 plan changes enacted between 2009 and 2018 in Istanbul (Turkey), where the effects of a neo-liberal policy are most evident. The findings of the study demonstrate that these plan changes took place mostly as a result of demands made by the private sector, and that these demands were mostly focused on CBD and newly developing central districts. The results reveal that around a quarter of the plan changes involved alterations in areas reserved for social and technical infrastructure use. They also reveal that spatial outcomes differ according to different plan change typologies.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1393-1418
Issue: 8
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1865276
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1865276
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Carlos Tapia
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Tapia
Author-Name: Marco Bianchi
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Bianchi
Author-Name: Georg Pallaske
Author-X-Name-First: Georg
Author-X-Name-Last: Pallaske
Author-Name: Andrea M. Bassi
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bassi
Title: Towards a territorial definition of a circular economy: exploring the role of territorial factors in closed-loop systems
Abstract: 
 This paper deals with the territorial dimension of a circular economy. We review the territorial factors shaping closed-loop systems, upon which a territorial definition of a circular economy is developed. We consider six categories of territorial factors: (1) Land-based factors emphasize the significance of physical endowment to satisfy the growing demand of secondary and biotic materials in a circular economy; (2) agglomeration factors are important determinants for a circular economy, as these provide circular businesses with the necessary access to resources, knowledge and collaboration, as well as viable markets; some of these functions are enabled by (3) hard territorial factors, in particular by accessibility and connectivity infrastructures as well as by (4) access to state-of-the-art technologies; softer territorial factors, including (5) knowledge-related factors and (6) governance and institutional arrangements, support collaboration among companies and between them, as well as among consumers and public institutions. Our review shows that agglomeration and land-based factors contribute to define the framework conditions of circular transformations, the harder territorial factors (accessibility and technologies) enable the circular economy in practice, and the softer factors (knowledge, awareness, governance and milieus) contribute to catalyse circular transformations. These findings base and complement research done in the ESPON CIRCTER project.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1438-1457
Issue: 8
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1867511
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1867511
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Heidi Wiig
Author-X-Name-First: Heidi
Author-X-Name-Last: Wiig
Author-Name: Ju Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Ju
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Elena Zukauskaite
Author-X-Name-First: Elena
Author-X-Name-Last: Zukauskaite
Title: Global knowledge sourcing in thick and diversified RIS: case studies in Oslo, Malmø and Beijing
Abstract: 
 There is an increased need of understanding organizational and institutional underpinnings of firms’ global knowledge search. This paper addresses thick and diversified RIS in two different territorial contexts and explores firms’ use of physical and virtual space in their search of innovation relevant knowledge. Through interviews with ICT and new media SMEs from Scandinavia (Oslo, Malmö) and Beijing, findings show that low-cost and virtual search space is very important for innovation; furthermore, regional, global and virtual space co-evolve and mutually reinforce each other. Global search strategies differ between the two contexts, emphasizing the importance of a regional institutional-organizational framing supporting trust, collaboration and motivation for global search. In order to reap the benefits of the regional-global-virtual dynamics, being thick and diversified is not enough to have global reach and attractiveness.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1476-1494
Issue: 8
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1849033
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1849033
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Barbara Grabher
Author-X-Name-First: Barbara
Author-X-Name-Last: Grabher
Title: Cultural mega-events: opportunities and risks for heritage cities
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1578-1579
Issue: 8
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1932674
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1932674
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alena Coblence
Author-X-Name-First: Alena
Author-X-Name-Last: Coblence
Title: What do place-makers actually do to sustain knowledge dynamics? Place-making practices in a Czech suburban knowledge location
Abstract: 
 Knowledge locations are expected to generate interactions among multiple knowledge actors, address these actors’ ongoing spatial needs, and provide the conditions of their engagement for a meaningful experience. However, little is known about the practices needed to overcome these challenges. This article investigates three place-making practices through which actors (public research labs, public institutions, firms, municipalities, and local communities) build a commonly shared identity and meaning of place. Focusing on a case study of the ‘Star Cluster’ on the southern outskirts of Prague, Czechia, we discuss how these practices contribute to overcoming the challenges of knowledge locations in a suburban environment and help to establish intangible experiences, tangible features, and a new identity of place. The agency of various actors and place-making practices contributes to enriching our understanding of the link between urban and knowledge dynamics.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1886-1905
Issue: 10
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1889990
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1889990
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Agatino Rizzo
Author-X-Name-First: Agatino
Author-X-Name-Last: Rizzo
Author-Name: Abdolrasoul Habibipour
Author-X-Name-First: Abdolrasoul
Author-X-Name-Last: Habibipour
Author-Name: Anna Ståhlbröst
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Ståhlbröst
Title: Transformative thinking and urban living labs in planning practice: a critical review and ongoing case studies in Europe
Abstract: 
 The aim of this article is to critically situate co-production methods such as that of the urban living lab within contemporary planning theory and in particular to the ideas of ‘agonistic planning’ and the ‘trading zone’. By critically review relevant literature and discussing the results of an ongoing interdisciplinary project, we will show a number of potentials and issues when translating the urban living lab idea to planning contexts. Potentially our urban living labs have opened up opportunities for local planners to discuss controversial issues by using the idea of nature based solution as a boundary-object/trading-zone. On the other hand, planners’ positivistic and incremental understanding of city making hinders a transformative understanding of the urban living lab and nature based solution in favour of more fashionable technological fixes.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1739-1757
Issue: 10
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1911955
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1911955
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lucía Inglada-Pérez
Author-X-Name-First: Lucía
Author-X-Name-Last: Inglada-Pérez
Author-Name: Pablo Coto-Millán
Author-X-Name-First: Pablo
Author-X-Name-Last: Coto-Millán
Author-Name: Pedro Casares
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro
Author-X-Name-Last: Casares
Author-Name: Vicente Inglada
Author-X-Name-First: Vicente
Author-X-Name-Last: Inglada
Title: Profile of creative women: a comprehensive quantitative approach for Spain
Abstract: 
 In this study we address the main aspects shaping the profile of creative women in Spain. The creativity concept is based on Richard Florida's approach that takes into account the type of occupation in which women develop their work activities. From this occupational-based approach we define a list of creative jobs and characterize the types of these jobs in which creative women mainly carry out their activities. We have been able to observe over time that economic crisis has not significantly affected the group of creative women. Moreover, from a geographical dimension, empirical results show strong evidence for Florida's hypotheses on the relationships between presence of female creative class and variables such as tolerance, urbanity, amenities or innovation in Spanish regions. Our findings also suggest that most creative cities have greater income inequality. We finally estimate a logistic model by using microdata from the Labour Force Survey, which allows us to characterize the profile of creative women according to a series of socio-demographic and labour variables. We concluded that highly educated and Spanish women who are self-employer or working in services, as well as overtime, are more likely to have a creative occupation than the rest of female workforce.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1798-1818
Issue: 10
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1881045
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1881045
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Kadri Kuusk
Author-X-Name-First: Kadri
Author-X-Name-Last: Kuusk
Title: Regional differences in how related variety ‘works’: the case of labour mobility
Abstract: 
 The benefits of related variety on regional employment growth have become a prevailing view. However, these remain potential benefits unless channels (e.g. labour flows, inter-firm cooperation) and regional capabilities are in place to convert them into actual growth. This paper focuses on the labour mobility channel and proposes a way to measure the realized part of related variety. It demonstrates that in Sweden, core regions make ten times more use of their related variety potential via labour mobility than small, peripheral regions. Moreover, even in core and large regions only a handful of potential ties are realized. Most firms in small regions must rely on other channels to convert related variety potential into growth. Furthermore, while local labour flows between related industries are associated with higher employment growth, no evidence is found that, on average, other channels bring growth benefits in small regions. Thus, the paper argues that the role of market-mediated knowledge flow channels like labour mobility is underestimated compared to pure spillovers via unintended interactions. Consequently, it is important to go beyond assuming that the benefits of related variety are ‘in the air’ or in local ‘buzz’ and focus on specific channels at work.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1951-1973
Issue: 10
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1903398
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1903398
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nikos Kapitsinis
Author-X-Name-First: Nikos
Author-X-Name-Last: Kapitsinis
Author-Name: Max Munday
Author-X-Name-First: Max
Author-X-Name-Last: Munday
Author-Name: Annette Roberts
Author-X-Name-First: Annette
Author-X-Name-Last: Roberts
Title: Exploring a low SME equity equilibrium in Wales
Abstract: 
 Previous research has examined geographical variations in SME access to external finance, especially bank loans. Rather less attention has been paid to how far SME equity access difficulties in more peripheral regions, and cities within these regions, is a demand or supply side issue, and how far equity investments are concentrated in specific urban areas in peripheral regions. This paper examines these topics through an analysis of small firm equity deals across the UK regions, before focusing on the case of the Welsh economy. In the case analysis a low equilibrium for small business equity investment in Wales is identified, with low demand and poor supply of equity, but with a relatively high concentration of equity deals in the Cardiff urban area. The paper examines the potential implications of a low equity equilibrium and provides a challenge for further research in the area.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1777-1797
Issue: 10
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1882945
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1882945
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrick Küpper
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick
Author-X-Name-Last: Küpper
Author-Name: Stefan Kundolf
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan
Author-X-Name-Last: Kundolf
Title: Entrepreneurial regions at a dead end: competition, management by objectives and decentralization less effective, efficient and legitimate
Abstract: 
 Regions are often viewed like businesses that compete with each other for people, investments and jobs. Private-sector instruments are being adopted in this context without providing evidence for positive management outcomes and clarifying the conditions under which their application is meaningful. Against this background, the German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL) tested three instruments as part of a pilot programme: the selection of regions eligible for financial assistance through a competitive process, management based on quantifiable targets and the comprehensive decentralization of decision-making, including the administration of those funds that BMEL allocated to the regions. Based on 124 interviews, 61 participant observations and documentary research, we contribute to the literature on rural governance and entrepreneurial regions in showing that these instruments are less effective, efficient and legitimate than New Public Management theory purports. We argue that these deficits do not result essentially from an inappropriate use of the instruments as often proposed but from general problems associated with actor constellations, institutions and the policy context. Therefore, we suggest not to use the instruments tested and recommend instruments focusing on regional needs, mutual learning and democratically legitimized institutions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1925-1950
Issue: 10
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1897529
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1897529
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrick Collins
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick
Author-X-Name-Last: Collins
Author-Name: Ulf Strohmayer
Author-X-Name-First: Ulf
Author-X-Name-Last: Strohmayer
Author-Name: Mark Justin Rainey
Author-X-Name-First: Mark Justin
Author-X-Name-Last: Rainey
Title: Reframing development in Ireland: making the case for an urban lab approach
Abstract: 
 In this paper, we map the evolution of approaches to development in Ireland since the formation of the state. With reference to the current national and international context, we make the case for the adoption of a transformational approach to development in one of Europe’s most centralized countries. We highlight the growing literature on socio-ecological approaches to growth and consider the potential for the development of an urban lab to enable a radical shift in approaches to development in Ireland. The paper shines a light on certain initiatives already underway in Galway, Ireland and posits their culmination in the delivery of an urban lab for the city. In particular, we cite the opportunities afforded by urban labs to better define growth (a more socio-ecological definition of innovation) and facilitate the co-authoring of development through place-based experimentalism at the local level.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1758-1776
Issue: 10
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1889473
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1889473
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Abid Mehmood
Author-X-Name-First: Abid
Author-X-Name-Last: Mehmood
Author-Name: Muhammad Imran
Author-X-Name-First: Muhammad
Author-X-Name-Last: Imran
Title: Digital social innovation and civic participation: toward responsible and inclusive transport planning
Abstract: 
 This paper makes the case for Digital Social Innovation as a step toward democratic participation and engagement in the planning process. Information and communication technologies are increasingly playing a major part in mobilizing collective social and political action as a response to the outdated planning policies and practices. With transport infrastructures constrained by the unprecedented global impact of COVID-19, DSI can potentially become a defining element of the post-pandemic world. We use the case of transport planning in Auckland and analyse the role of a proactive advocacy group and its use of technical expertise to offer opinions through virtual shared platforms for public participation and empowerment. City Rail Link is discussed as a large-scale public transport project that received political and community support due to the efforts of digital social innovators.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1870-1885
Issue: 10
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1882946
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1882946
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:10:p:1870-1885




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Inessa Laur
Author-X-Name-First: Inessa
Author-X-Name-Last: Laur
Author-Name: Ingrid Mignon
Author-X-Name-First: Ingrid
Author-X-Name-Last: Mignon
Title: Match or mismatch between gazelle companies’ challenges and the support provided by intermediary actors – an empirical example of the construction industry
Abstract: 
 High-growth firms – also called gazelles – have the potential to create jobs and to drive regional development. Yet, there remains a lack of understanding about how to best support these companies in their growth process. Hence, the types of support offered to these firms are often misdirected and fail to provide relevant support to appropriate types of businesses. This paper focuses on one support policy aimed at support gazelles to cope with their growth challenges, namely intermediary actors, who provide matchmaking, advise and networking activities directed to gazelles. More specifically, this paper aims at identifying what challenges are encountered by gazelles and whether the support provided by intermediary actors is matching the need of support. The empirical focus of the paper is on gazelles within the construction industry and situated in the Swedish municipality Norrköping. Findings indicate that challenges relate to recruitment, interactions with the public sector, lack of support and entrepreneurial personalities/skills. These challenges overwhelm the everyday work of entrepreneurs, who struggle to find solutions, despite the support of intermediaries. Implications for high-growth companies, intermediary actors and policymakers are discussed with the aim of finding a better match between high-growth challenges and intermediary support.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1845-1869
Issue: 10
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1889477
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1889477
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matti Pihlajamaa
Author-X-Name-First: Matti
Author-X-Name-Last: Pihlajamaa
Author-Name: Maria Merisalo
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Merisalo
Title: Organizing innovation contests for public procurement of innovation – a case study of smart city hackathons in Tampere, Finland
Abstract: 
 Public procurement of innovation is a key policy instrument for improving the quality of public services and achieving wider benefits for society. Recently, innovation contests have re-emerged as a means to procure innovative new solutions. There is, however, limited understanding of how innovation contests should be organized in the public sector. In this study, we investigate the organization of two smart city hackathon-style innovation contests in Tampere, Finland. We examine the contests’ structure and goals, the definition of a problem statement, the motivation of potential participants, and their outcomes. We find that innovation contests may be used for, not only sourcing novel technologies, but also for engaging in conversations with companies, and developing an understanding of local problems and potential solutions. We further discuss the issues that arise from the integration of multiple goals in a single contest. We provide practical guidance for organizing innovation contests and evaluate their role for public procurement of innovation and local development.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1906-1924
Issue: 10
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1894097
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1894097
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:10:p:1906-1924




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paula Martínez-Sanchis
Author-X-Name-First: Paula
Author-X-Name-Last: Martínez-Sanchis
Author-Name: Cristina Iturrioz-Landart
Author-X-Name-First: Cristina
Author-X-Name-Last: Iturrioz-Landart
Author-Name: Cristina Aragón-Amonarriz
Author-X-Name-First: Cristina
Author-X-Name-Last: Aragón-Amonarriz
Author-Name: Miruna Radu-Lefebvre
Author-X-Name-First: Miruna
Author-X-Name-Last: Radu-Lefebvre
Author-Name: Claire Seaman
Author-X-Name-First: Claire
Author-X-Name-Last: Seaman
Title: Institutional settings and local embeddedness of European entrepreneurial families: an inter-regional comparison
Abstract: 
 The interaction between institutional settings and Entrepreneurial Families (EFs) is two-fold. Extant literature has attempted to understand how institutional settings can affect Family Businesses’ embeddedness. Both perspectives are complementary and necessary to recognize that EFs are not only locally embedded in their territories, but they are also entrenched in institutions. Despite this, how different institutional settings impact on EFs’ local embeddedness remains unexplored. To fill this gap, we combine institutional theory and family business research to perform a qualitative investigation. Drawing on the Varieties of Capitalism institutional categorization, an exploratory study is carried out by including four European regions from countries that are positioned as a Coordinated Market Economy (CME) (Germany), a Liberal Market Economy (LME) (United Kingdom) and two cases of Mediterranean capitalist system (France and Spain). Forty-three semi-structured interviews were conducted across the regions and analysed through an open-coding process. Findings unveil that EFs’ local embeddedness is conditioned by different institutional settings in different ways, namely through codified mechanisms (CME and Spain) and through non-formalized mechanisms (LME and France). These are unfolded in 20 mechanisms, which contribute to territorial policies adjustments depending on the category of institutional setting where EFs are locally embedded.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1819-1844
Issue: 10
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1889474
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1889474
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sebastien Bourdin
Author-X-Name-First: Sebastien
Author-X-Name-Last: Bourdin
Author-Name: André Torre
Author-X-Name-First: André
Author-X-Name-Last: Torre
Title: The territorial big bang: which assessment about the territorial reform in France?
Abstract: 
 After a new and ambitious reform, referred to as the ‘Territorial Big Bang’, France was confronted, from the end of 2018, with the revolt of the yellow vests, often originating from the country’s most peripheral or troubled territories. These oppositions and contestations from the territories may seem all the more astonishing since the ambitious territorial reform initiated in 2015 and which took shape with the NOTRE and MAPTAM laws aimed precisely at repositioning the role of the territories at each scale. How and why have we arrived at the current result, which seems to revive the historical territorial divide between Paris and the provinces, transforming it into an opposition between the major cities and the rest of France? In this article, we show how the territorial reform of 2015 was a failure and we take stock of the fact that far from affirming a new stage of decentralization, it has consisted above all in favouring large structures and the search for economies of scale, and has left behind territories that don’t matter anymore for the public policies.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1981-1998
Issue: 11
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1777943
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1777943
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thomas Perrin
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Perrin
Title: The bigger the better? The new ‘macro’ regions in France in the lens of territorial changes in Europe
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1975-1980
Issue: 11
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1946295
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1946295
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:11:p:1975-1980




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jiří Blažek
Author-X-Name-First: Jiří
Author-X-Name-Last: Blažek
Author-Name: Aleš Bělohradský
Author-X-Name-First: Aleš
Author-X-Name-Last: Bělohradský
Author-Name: Zuzana Holická
Author-X-Name-First: Zuzana
Author-X-Name-Last: Holická
Title: The role of tier, ownership and size of companies in value creation and capture
Abstract: 
 This article aims to address two research questions. First, what is the relationship between the basic characteristics of companies engaged in global and regional production networks (such as their tier, ownership, size) and their economic performance. In doing so, we scrutinize the empirical basis for frequent calls to ‘climb the ladder’. Second, we investigate the extent to which the economic performance of companies is related to their differing intensity of engagement into production networks, something largely disregarded in existing studies. The study uses economic indicators derived from a database covering the evolution of 55 Czech aerospace companies over a 14-year period. The methodology is based on descriptive statistics as well as on canonical correlation that helps to investigate multidimensional conditioning of economic performance of companies. The results show not only large variations in the economic performance of companies, but also several counter-intuitive trends. Our analysis consistently yielded the statistically significant finding that lead firms and first-tier suppliers are able to sacrifice short-term profitability and level of value added in order to reach a higher level of value capture. Therefore, the difference between value creation and value capture require careful consideration by researchers as well as by policymakers when comprehending the costs and benefits of functional upgrading.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2101-2120
Issue: 11
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1889991
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1889991
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Josep-Maria Arauzo-Carod
Author-X-Name-First: Josep-Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Arauzo-Carod
Author-Name: Eva Coll-Martínez
Author-X-Name-First: Eva
Author-X-Name-Last: Coll-Martínez
Title: The location patterns of audio-visual communication firms in Barcelona
Abstract: 
 This paper analyses the location patterns of audio-visual communication firms, a cultural and creative industry that includes activities related to motion picture, video, and television programme production, post-production and projection activities, as well as sound recording and music publishing activities. Firms in the industry tend to agglomerate in the core of large metropolitan areas to benefit from the economies arising from this clustering. Using Mercantile Register data, our results indicate a strong agglomeration pattern at the core of the Barcelona metropolitan area, as well as close inter-industry linkages with other cultural and creative industries. This location behaviour is explained by path dependence processes rather than as the result of cluster-based policies to encourage the concentration of such firms in some areas of the city. In view of these results, policy measures aiming to foster firms’ competitivity should be more selective and target the specific areas preferred by audio-visual communication firms.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2079-2100
Issue: 11
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1894096
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1894096
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Magdalena Szmytkowska
Author-X-Name-First: Magdalena
Author-X-Name-Last: Szmytkowska
Author-Name: Łukasz Kubiak
Author-X-Name-First: Łukasz
Author-X-Name-Last: Kubiak
Author-Name: Przemysław Śleszyński
Author-X-Name-First: Przemysław
Author-X-Name-Last: Śleszyński
Author-Name: Ewa Korcelli-Olejniczak
Author-X-Name-First: Ewa
Author-X-Name-Last: Korcelli-Olejniczak
Title: The making of the Bydgoszcz-Toruń partnership area as an example of a bipolar conflict
Abstract: 
 The aim of the paper is to identify features and regularities pertaining to the process of cooperation between two cities under the conditions of a pre-existing socio-political conflict. The study covers the Bydgoszcz and Toruń Integrated Territorial Investments’ support area, the only example of a bilateral arrangement in Poland which includes two voivodship capitals. Due to the specificity of the region and the Toruń-Bydgoszcz rancor, the negotiations preceding the formation of the ITI were turbulent. The research was based on a discursive analysis of newspaper reports published by the regional issue of the country-wide daily Gazeta Wyborcza in the period of 2012–2020 and directly related to the making of the Bydgoszcz-Toruń Functional Area. The purpose of the conducted press search was to reconstruct how the bipolar functional area that had enabled the applying for EU funding was formed, and to identify the socio-political conflicts that had lain behind the creation of the support area. It has been evidenced that disputes rooted in the examined cities significantly hinder the creation of a spatially coherent and functionally complementary bipolar system. The functional area is divided due to the core cities' past and the history of mutual animosities deriving from the local ambitions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2017-2037
Issue: 11
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1875994
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1875994
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Publishers’ Note
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2164-2164
Issue: 11
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1988199
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1988199
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:11:p:2164-2164




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Santiago Eizaguirre Anglada
Author-X-Name-First: Santiago
Author-X-Name-Last: Eizaguirre Anglada
Title: Challenges in strategies for socioeconomic democratization. Assessing solidarity economy policies in Barcelona
Abstract: 
 To understand how policies for the social and solidarity economy can contribute to economic democratization and identify the challenges linked to this, we examined the impetus plan which Barcelona city council implemented between 2016 and 2019. Based on semi-structured interviews with policy actors, social entrepreneurs and engaged activists, and on participative observation of two city council assessment workshops, we explore the limitations of the social and solidarity sector from a political economy perspective. Barcelona's approach has previously been acknowledged as an outstanding and innovative strategy that confronts the lack of transversality across public administrations and the complexities around co-construction within the social sector itself. In this examination, we observe how sector actors address issues of cultural tensions around economic thinking and stress the need for a plural and transformative approach towards economic activity. We conclude that, to couple social and solidarity economy policies with economic democratization goals and enable tracking of changes in cities’ socioeconomic governance, it is necessary to work with an integrative perspective that takes into account other policy fields besides social entrepreneurship, and other types of actors, while also considering the connections between public bodies and the social and solidarity economy sector.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2145-2163
Issue: 11
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1937950
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1937950
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vincent Simoulin
Author-X-Name-First: Vincent
Author-X-Name-Last: Simoulin
Author-Name: Emmanuel Negrier
Author-X-Name-First: Emmanuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Negrier
Title: Merging regions in contemporary France: a policy perspective
Abstract: 
 The merging of regions initiated in France in 2016 makes it possible to observe the processes of reinvention of a regional identity after thirty years dedicated to strengthening two different ones. The analysis of this territorial recomposition therefore gives us the opportunity to better understand what makes a region and what it does, two questions to which the answers were still not quite stabilized in France. They are now raised again in an explicit and clear way and allow us to better define the contemporary outlines of the state and current modes of government. To that end, we will examine the merger of two former French regions, Languedoc-Roussillon and Midi-Pyrénées, which have been grouped into a new region called Occitanie.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1999-2016
Issue: 11
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1791054
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1791054
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:11:p:1999-2016




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Olivier Sykes
Author-X-Name-First: Olivier
Author-X-Name-Last: Sykes
Author-Name: Alexander Nurse
Author-X-Name-First: Alexander
Author-X-Name-Last: Nurse
Title: The scale of the century? – the new city regionalism in England and some experiences from Liverpool
Abstract: 
 Attention to the city regional scale has fluctuated over time as governments in different countries have sought new ‘territorial fixes’ to respond to changing systems of production, flows of goods, capital and information, environmental challenges, and demands for renewed political legitimacy of collective action. In England, there have been successive cycles of rescaling, particularly since the 1970s when metropolitan governance structures were created only to be abolished the following decade. Larger regional territories were favoured in the 1990s and 2000s, however, from the mid-2000s onwards the city-regional scale again rose to prominence. The 2010s saw attention shift back to sub-regional territories with the creation of ‘Combined Authorities’ for ‘larger than local’ but ‘smaller than regional’ areas, including for many city-regions. This paper considers the new city regionalism in England and the experience of the Liverpool City Region (LCR). It concludes that whilst exogenous political economic factors and state strategies may stimulate rescaling of territorial governance, it is important to recognize that it is also shaped by distinctive local contexts and practices.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2056-2078
Issue: 11
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1931044
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1931044
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Christophe Demazière
Author-X-Name-First: Christophe
Author-X-Name-Last: Demazière
Title: Exploring the creation of the metropolitan city-region government: the cases of England, France and Italy
Abstract: 
 Over the past decade, several European countries have undergone reforms that modified the distribution of allocated powers and/or the geographical area of intervention of local authorities. This paper focuses on the institution of metropolitan governments. National legislative and executive powers usually claim that they want to provide densely urbanized areas with a more integrative level of action. As a result, the public authorities in large cities would get a greater capacity to deal with issues such as economic growth, increased soil sealing, socio-spatial inequalities, etc. This paper explores the motivations and forms of such metropolitan reforms in three European countries within the last decade, with the creation of Combined Authorities in England, of métropoles in France and of citta metropolitane in Italy. We argue that the forms of metropolitan government that have emerged in the three countries are embedded in very different institutional systems (Section 2). Considering the strategies of key protagonists, we show that the new modes of governance differ across and sometimes within countries (Section 3). In particular, the spatiality and the autonomy of the new metropolitan governments vary in the three countries (Section 4).
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2038-2055
Issue: 11
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1923666
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1923666
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Mario Davide Parrilli
Author-X-Name-First: Mario Davide
Author-X-Name-Last: Parrilli
Author-Name: Dragana Radicic
Author-X-Name-First: Dragana
Author-X-Name-Last: Radicic
Title: Cooperation for innovation in liberal market economies: STI and DUI innovation modes in SMEs in the United Kingdom
Abstract: 
 This study focuses on the collaboration patterns that small firms hold with other agents within liberal market economies and identifies the collaborative drivers that in this context deliver a superior impact on innovation output measured by product and process innovations. To explore this research question, the study combines the literature on innovation systems with a growing literature on business innovation modes that studies whether businesses are driven by science and technology factors (STI), or experience-based factors such as learning-by-doing, by-using and by-interacting (DUI). In the UK liberal market economy, universities and research centres are expected to play a critical role for innovation well beyond the typical impact they produce in coordinated market economies. This hypothesis is largely verified through our empirical evidence. Methodologically, this research is developed through the application of propensity score matching in the context of the UK longitudinal small business survey (LSBS) for 2015.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2121-2144
Issue: 11
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1935756
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1935756
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rannveig Edda Hjaltadóttir
Author-X-Name-First: Rannveig Edda
Author-X-Name-Last: Hjaltadóttir
Author-Name: Paula Hild
Author-X-Name-First: Paula
Author-X-Name-Last: Hild
Title: Circular Economy in the building industry European policy and local practices
Abstract: 
 As one of the biggest consumers of natural resources, the building industry is a central target for EU and national Circular Economy (CE) policies. This qualitative case study uses a practice theory approach to investigate how firms in the building industry in Luxembourg and Gothenburg, Sweden, understand CE and develop circular practices. The main findings indicate that the industry is in the early stages of developing CE practices. Most companies are in an orientation process and define the meaning and content of the Circular Economy. The definition and scope of what is included differ in the two case regions and show a clear link to prior policies. We do not find industry-wide practices in firm activities. We find promising developments in individual firms or supply chains, including purchasing for lower waste, CE materials and design using non-virgin materials and using digital tools to increase transparency. The main hindrances, according to interviewees, are the lack of cooperation between actors and guidance from policymakers. They further claim that fragmentation and lack of transparency are barriers to circular practices in the industry.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2226-2251
Issue: 12
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1904838
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1904838
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:12:p:2226-2251




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joris Beckers
Author-X-Name-First: Joris
Author-X-Name-Last: Beckers
Author-Name: Ann Verhetsel
Author-X-Name-First: Ann
Author-X-Name-Last: Verhetsel
Title: The sustainability of the urban layer of e-commerce deliveries: the Belgian collection and delivery point networks
Abstract: 
 The increase in at-home deliveries of online ordered goods has led to a rise in urban logistics facilities. One such facility in particular, the collection and delivery point (CDP), is an increasingly popular delivery option amongst carriers and holds the promise of more sustainable e-commerce logistics. A prerequisite to achieve this promise is that the pick-up trip occurs in an environmentally friendly manner. By delineating 1 km catchment areas – the car is the preferred transportation mode for longer distances – we test whether the current Belgian CDP networks encourage this type of pick-up. We find that only one courier catches just over half of the population within walking distance of its points and conclude that the current network set-ups thus jeopardize the sustainability promise. We attribute this finding to a quality over quantity mindset by logistics companies when expanding their network. However, the fact that 75% of the points’ walkable catchment areas overlap paves the way towards the installation of shared CDPs. As this solution would improve the sustainability of the delivery alternative, we urge urban governments to facilitate the process towards these multi-carrier CDPs, for example by providing supporting infrastructure or by safeguarding dedicated spaces in urban plans.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2300-2319
Issue: 12
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1921118
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1921118
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:29:y:2021:i:12:p:2300-2319




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Derk T. Trei
Author-X-Name-First: Derk T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Trei
Author-Name: Johanna Hornung
Author-X-Name-First: Johanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Hornung
Author-Name: Jasmin Rychlik
Author-X-Name-First: Jasmin
Author-X-Name-Last: Rychlik
Author-Name: Nils C. Bandelow
Author-X-Name-First: Nils C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bandelow
Title: From political motivation to scientific knowledge: classifying policy labs in the science-policy nexus
Abstract: 
 Over the past two decades, Urban Living Labs (ULL) emerged as a special derivate of policy labs. These are a relatively young phenomenon that is characterized by a strong orientation towards design thinking and the generation of evidence for policy-making processes. Research on this topic is rising, yet there is need for more empirical evidence that informs explanations of how policy labs in general and ULLs in particular are successfully de-politicizing and objectifying debates in the science-policy nexus, for example in wicked areas such as sustainable transport policy. Drawing on two ULLs in local policy communities in Germany, the central research question asked is how different types of policy labs with diverging salience levels of science and politics effectively contribute to an evidence-based debate on policy solutions. Answering this question for a topic characterized by high levels of complexity, emotions, and uncertainty potentially provides generalizable insights for different types of policy labs: The results indicate that policy labs may effectively move the debate from political motivation to scientific knowledge, but only if science is given a real role within the policy lab.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2340-2356
Issue: 12
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1941785
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1941785
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juan Wang
Author-X-Name-First: Juan
Author-X-Name-Last: Wang
Author-Name: Gamze Dane
Author-X-Name-First: Gamze
Author-X-Name-Last: Dane
Author-Name: Harry Timmermans
Author-X-Name-First: Harry
Author-X-Name-Last: Timmermans
Title: Individuals who have zero-interest in living in carsharing-facilitating neighbourhoods: a case study in the Netherlands
Abstract: 
 Carsharing-facilitating neighbourhood refers to a development scheme to combine carsharing, sustainable transportation-residential planning and housing features to promote less private car use and improve residential environments. Since this concept is new, little is known about residents’ reactions. This study focuses on the individuals who indicated zero-interest in living in such neighbourhoods to discuss the influential factors and possible improvements for the concept. The analysis is based on a stated choice experiment conducted in densely populated areas in the Netherlands. According to the survey results, 25.4% of the respondents indicated zero-interest. A binary logistic regression was applied to understand internal influencing factors on individuals’ zero-interest. Accordingly, respondents’ social-demographics, travel habits and present housing conditions have significant influences on their zero-interest. Particularly, zero-interest residents are more likely to be males, have full-time jobs or not work, have no child, live in medium-sized cities, own large gardens, have no driving licence, often travel by private cars or metros rather than bikes. Besides, based on the unobserved factors indicated by these individuals, several issues can also lead to zero-interest, such as objection to top-down governance, doubt of the necessities to provide shared-cars by neighbourhood management and lack of disability design.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2209-2225
Issue: 12
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1903840
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1903840
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gergő Tóth
Author-X-Name-First: Gergő
Author-X-Name-Last: Tóth
Author-Name: Sándor Juhász
Author-X-Name-First: Sándor
Author-X-Name-Last: Juhász
Author-Name: Zoltán Elekes
Author-X-Name-First: Zoltán
Author-X-Name-Last: Elekes
Author-Name: Balázs Lengyel
Author-X-Name-First: Balázs
Author-X-Name-Last: Lengyel
Title: Repeated collaboration of inventors across European regions
Abstract: 
 This paper explores the spatial patterns and underlying determinants of repeated inventor collaboration across European NUTS 3 regions. It is found that only a small fraction of co-inventor linkages across regions are repeated, while community detection reveals that these collaborations are clustered in geographical space more intensively compared with collaboration in general. Additional results from gravity modelling indicate that links in the inter-regional co-inventor network emerge mainly through the triadic collaboration of regions, while geographical proximity becomes the most influential factor for repeating co-inventor ties. In addition to that, the combination of technological similarity and shared third partner regions offer a premium for the likelihood of repeating a collaboration, but only when geographical proximity is present as an enabler. Hence, repeated inter-regional co-inventor collaborations are more likely to revert to spatial clustering, contributing to the fragmentation of the European Research Area.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2252-2272
Issue: 12
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1914555
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1914555
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Satu Parjanen
Author-X-Name-First: Satu
Author-X-Name-Last: Parjanen
Author-Name: Tero Rantala
Author-X-Name-First: Tero
Author-X-Name-Last: Rantala
Title: Building an open innovation platform as a part of city renewal initiatives
Abstract: 
 To increase the understanding of the role of innovation platforms as a part of smart city activities, this study examined the utilization of an open innovation platform in the context of city renewal. To shed light on the motivation for various stakeholders to participate in open innovation platforms, the study concentrated on the less studied stakeholder group, the holders of real estate, and explored what motivates their participation and what they expect from such platforms. The study also investigated the motivation for entrepreneurs in the city centre to participate in innovation platforms. According to the results, an innovation platform in the context of city renewal is a forum comprising stakeholders bound together by their individual interests in shared issues. Changes in the shopping and trading conditions of city centres during the last decade as well as the value transition of customers seem to be forces driving stakeholders to participate in innovation platforms. Open innovation platforms, as an avenue for joint development within city renewal initiatives, should highlight diverse dialogues emphasizing interaction and communication. The motivations for various stakeholders to participate seem to relate, for example, to maintaining the living conditions of the city centre.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2165-2183
Issue: 12
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1903397
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1903397
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marco Bontje
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Bontje
Title: The Randstad: a polycentric metropolis?
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2357-2358
Issue: 12
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1955456
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1955456
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Astrid Druijff
Author-X-Name-First: Astrid
Author-X-Name-Last: Druijff
Author-Name: Maria Kaika
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaika
Title: Upscaling without innovation: taking the edge off grassroot initiatives with scaling-up in Amsterdam’s Anthropocene forest
Abstract: 
 The article explores the extent to which the pressure to upscale grassroot planning initiatives can lead to the loss of their innovative potential. We advocate for the need to acknowledge the differentiated demands between community-involving pilot initiatives and grassroots initiatives when it comes to upscaling and argue that upscaling grassroots initiatives without loss of innovation takes more than just considering large-scale implementation right at the beginning of the initiative. Grounding our research on a grassroot artists and community initiative to transform a public space into an ‘Anthropocene Forest’ in Amsterdam, we show how current practices for scaling up grassroot initiatives are often more concerned with making grassroot actors and practices fit into existing planning institutions and practices, and less concerned with learning and reforming existing institutional practices. We contend that this currently dominant institutional approach to scaling up leads to a double loss: a loss of innovative characteristics of the grassroots initiatives themselves; and a loss of opportunities to imbue existing planning practices and institutions with new ideas and know-hows. The article explores potential ways out of this conundrum.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2184-2208
Issue: 12
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1903839
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1903839
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jan Ole Rypestøl
Author-X-Name-First: Jan Ole
Author-X-Name-Last: Rypestøl
Author-Name: Arne Isaksen
Author-X-Name-First: Arne
Author-X-Name-Last: Isaksen
Author-Name: Emelie Langemyr Eriksen
Author-X-Name-First: Emelie Langemyr
Author-X-Name-Last: Eriksen
Author-Name: Tatiana Iakovleva
Author-X-Name-First: Tatiana
Author-X-Name-Last: Iakovleva
Author-Name: Svein Gunnar Sjøtun
Author-X-Name-First: Svein Gunnar
Author-X-Name-Last: Sjøtun
Author-Name: Rune Njøs
Author-X-Name-First: Rune
Author-X-Name-Last: Njøs
Title: Cluster development and regional industrial restructuring: agency and asset modification
Abstract: 
 The paper presents a novel theoretical framework to analyse the emergence and growth of industrial clusters. The framework focuses on the role of change agency for the modification of assets that initiate cluster development, which may also impact regional industrial restructuring. The authors distinguish between agency and assets at firm level and regional level, and argue that alignment of assets at the two levels may influence cluster development. The theoretical approach is illustrated and further advanced through a study of agency and asset modification in three recent cluster initiatives in western Norway. While the results of the empirical studies confirm the relevance of the theoretical approach, they also highlight the importance of specific regional and extra-regional contextual factors, as well as national policies and regulations, for clusters.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2320-2339
Issue: 12
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1937951
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1937951
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefano De Falco
Author-X-Name-First: Stefano De
Author-X-Name-Last: Falco
Title: Urban geography vs company geography. An analysis of location determinants in three European cities
Abstract: 
 Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in urban areas are increasingly relevant, with a consistent impact on various territories. This research explores the re-territorialization processes, contextualized by the post-Fordism era, in urban areas. The objective of this work is to verify a hypothesis assumed at the base of the research relating to the presence of a uniformity of orientation regarding the settlement determinants of companies that are co-located in specific areas of the cities. This hypothesis is tested in relation to various industrial sectors. The availability of these survey elements constitutes a useful driver of awareness to be then translated into specific actions in urban planning in terms of policies, services and infrastructures to be dedicated to these urban spaces characterized by clusters of firms. From a methodological point of view, the followed approach is based on two aspects relating both to a cartographic comparison and both to a statistical comparison between the answers provided by the service companies of different sectors of some European cities selected for the sample survey.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2273-2299
Issue: 12
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1918647
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1918647
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Samuel Greef
Author-X-Name-First: Samuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Greef
Author-Name: Wolfgang Schroeder
Author-X-Name-First: Wolfgang
Author-X-Name-Last: Schroeder
Title: How does Industry 4.0 affect the relationship between centre and periphery? The case of manufacturing industry in Germany
Abstract: 
 In Germany, the debate on economic challenges and strategic orientation is strongly focussed on the industrial sector as the backbone and anchor of the German economy. In relation to the digitalization of the manufacturing industry, the term Industry 4.0 is used. The concept focuses primarily on possibilities for optimizing processes of production and product innovation. It thus aims at incremental rather than disruptive developments. Incremental digital development that enables synergies between existing regional strengths and the potentials of Industry 4.0 bears the danger of increasing rather than reducing regional disparities. The expansion of Industry 4.0 can especially be found in strong industrial centres. Many implementation examples are located in the vicinity of university towns, in regions with high population density as well as high expenditure on research and development by large industrial companies. As a result, there are hardly any shifts between the existing industrial centres and the periphery with its weak industrial base. So far, Industry 4.0 seems to have contributed little to reducing existing regional disparities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1656-1671
Issue: 9
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1963051
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1963051
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ulrich Hilpert
Author-X-Name-First: Ulrich
Author-X-Name-Last: Hilpert
Title: Regional selectivity of innovative progress: Industry 4.0 and digitization ahead
Abstract: 
 Industry 4.0 and digitization are new transformations for regions and metropolises where technologies are applied but regionally can appear as a continuation of innovative processes where it is developed. The divergent presence of competences creates a selectivity process among regions. There are individual industry-location-nexuses formed out of competences of industries, labour force and research which are complemented by public policies providing support towards such adaptation of innovation and change. Regional societies formed from skilled and educated labour become an important basis for participation in innovation and supply chains. Since smart factories widely can be managed remotely, this also shows a concentration of decision making. Simultaneously, it forms a polycentric de-concentration, indicating some more important locations as central within the networks. These systematic changes continue to deepen over time. While public policies may match innovative opportunities at the appropriate moment, they also contribute to a continuation of uneven development and divergent societal tendencies. Industry 4.0 and digitization indicate a wide and selective change of organization associated with new technologies and innovation. While some regions and metropolises can continue to build both innovative competences and innovative societies based on innovative labour force, others will participate because of their position in supply chains.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1589-1605
Issue: 9
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1963047
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1963047
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Walter Scherrer
Author-X-Name-First: Walter
Author-X-Name-Last: Scherrer
Title: Industry 4.0 as a ‘sudden change': the relevance of long waves of economic development for the regional level
Abstract: 
 While the rapid proliferation of the Industry 4.0 concept suggests that it brings about major economic change, the concept lacks a socio-economic foundation of change. In this context, the paper raises three questions: First, how sudden does the change brought about by Industry 4.0 occur, and, second, does it make a difference if it is conceived as sudden or not? Using a model of long waves of economic development and the concept of general purpose-technologies it is argued that much of the change brought about by Industry 4.0 is not of a sudden nature but largely represents the roll-out of the prevailing techno-economic paradigm, and that digitalization and artificial intelligence have the potential to trigger of a next long wave. The third question asks for possible implications of the long-wave perspective for adapting to an upcoming paradigm at the regional level. A major conclusion is that policy measures ought to reach beyond traditional innovation and technology-related policies and be implemented in the appropriate phase of a long wave.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1723-1737
Issue: 9
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1963054
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1963054
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paul M.A. Baker
Author-X-Name-First: Paul M.A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Baker
Author-Name: Helaina Gaspard
Author-X-Name-First: Helaina
Author-X-Name-Last: Gaspard
Author-Name: Jerry A. Zhu
Author-X-Name-First: Jerry A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu
Title: Industry 4.0/Digitalization and networks of innovation in the North American regional context
Abstract: 
 The advancement of industrial, innovation-related economic policies such as Industry 4.0 and the advanced digitalization of production play an increasingly important role in fulfilling economic objectives in both Canada and the United States. There are a variety of ways in which such industrial-related policy approaches can be developed and implemented. Varying aspects of industrial and economic innovation often occur within a regional context, which can change policy is developed and implemented, dramatically and with little warning. This paper applies a case-based approach to examine enabling and constraining factors of regional innovation policy in two cases - Ontario, Canada and Massachusetts, US. Moving beyond a linear conception of regional innovation, this research explores how policies and modalities for collaboration can facilitate Industry 4.0 and related innovation ecosystems. Our analysis suggests that regional innovation impact is influenced through four principal factors: industrial clusters; context; collaborative synergies; and network intermediaries. Additional research could focus on an expanded case examination of the relationship between top-down policy approaches and the operation of regional innovation ecosystems coupled with bottom-up market- and stakeholderdriven analytic approaches.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1708-1722
Issue: 9
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1963053
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1963053
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ulrich Hilpert
Author-X-Name-First: Ulrich
Author-X-Name-Last: Hilpert
Title: Spatial evolution in the light of innovative transformation: the impact of policies and institutions in divergent situations
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1581-1588
Issue: 9
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1978143
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1978143
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yasmin M. Hilpert
Author-X-Name-First: Yasmin M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hilpert
Title: Glowing cities and the future of manufacturing in the US and Europe: How digitalization will impact metropolitan areas depending on sectoral dominances and regional skill distribution
Abstract: 
 Since digitalization and Industry 4.0 have been recognized as a key issue for future economic development, prosperity and wealth distribution, several studies have emerged on the potential threats of new technology on workforce development. The consensus is that jobs may fall away, while some new jobs will be created, with a different skills profile and a new set of qualifications that are required. This paper examines the effects of three main indicators: the impact of skills, industrial sector dominance and product complexity on workforce reduction. Based on metropolitan data from the US (Census) and Europe (Eurostat), the author develops a metropolitan typology based on industrial sectors in each metro and analyses the systematic relationship between regional variations of automation, local skills and economic sector variations, finding that automation exposure in Europe is significantly lower than in the US and that medium-skilled manufacturing jobs in the US are increasingly threatened and low-skill service jobs remain relatively safe from automation – leading to a decreasing middle class. This also shows how metropolitan areas are at risk of developing polarized effects: some facing economic upturn and continuous prosperity, and a majority of others either stagnant or with extreme downturn and high unemployment rates.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1672-1689
Issue: 9
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1963052
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1963052
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matteo Gaddi
Author-X-Name-First: Matteo
Author-X-Name-Last: Gaddi
Author-Name: Nadia Garbellini
Author-X-Name-First: Nadia
Author-X-Name-Last: Garbellini
Author-Name: Francesco Garibaldo
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco
Author-X-Name-Last: Garibaldo
Title: The growing inequalities in Italy – North/South – and the increasing dependency of the successful North upon German and French industries
Abstract: 
 This paper analyses the impact of the adoption of 4.0 technologies and of the Italian Government Plan on the Italian industrial structure and on work organisation and workers' conditions. The Italian industrial structure is strongly unbalanced at a territorial level, because it is concentrated in the Northern country, while the South of the country is at a great disadvantage: the industrial and employment divide is therefore very evident. The adoption of 4.0 technologies and the Italian government's plan risk further aggravating this imbalance. Northern Italian industry, however, is also a cause for concern, as it is increasingly dependent on the supply chains of German, and to some extent French, industry. The consequences of the implementation of Industry 4.0 at the factory level on working conditions are negative for workers as it leads to an increase in work rhythms, an increase in workloads, a greater control over work performance and less autonomy for workers. In general, in fact, our research has shown a strong intertwining between 4.0 technologies and the organisational model of Lean Production, an intertwining aimed at increasing the exploitation of workers.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1637-1655
Issue: 9
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1963050
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1963050
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sunyang Chung
Author-X-Name-First: Sunyang
Author-X-Name-Last: Chung
Author-Name: Jiyoon Chung
Author-X-Name-First: Jiyoon
Author-X-Name-Last: Chung
Title: The Korean approach to Industry 4.0: the 4th Industrial Revolution from regional perspectives
Abstract: 
 Today the concept of Industry 4.0 has been widely adopted by many countries. It is rather a narrow concept, compared to that of 4th Industrial Revolution, which presumes a wide impact on the national economy and society. The Korean approach to the Industry 4.0 is the 4th Industrial Revolution. The Korean government established the ‘Presidential Committee on the Fourth Industrial Revolution’ (PCFIR) and has initiated major agendas related to the Industry 4.0. One of the ‘Committee’s’ major agendas is the diffusion of smart factories, which play an important role in the Industry 4.0. However, the Korean approach to the 4th Industrial Revolution has been difficult to be successfully implemented because regional governments have not participated in the ‘Presidential Committee’. Smart factories have diffused unevenly since Korea’s R&D potential, which needed for their adoption, have been concentrated in Seoul, Gyeonggi and a few industrialized regions. Korea needs to take these points into consideration in its implementation of the 4th Industrial Revolution in the future.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1690-1707
Issue: 9
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1959645
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1959645
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francesco D. Sandulli
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco D.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sandulli
Author-Name: Elena M. Gimenez-Fernandez
Author-X-Name-First: Elena M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gimenez-Fernandez
Author-Name: Maria Isabel Rodriguez Ferradas
Author-X-Name-First: Maria Isabel
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodriguez Ferradas
Title: The transition of regional innovation systems to Industry 4.0: the case of Basque Country and Catalonia
Abstract: 
 The work looks at how regions design policies to facilitate the transition of regional innovation systems to Industry 4.0. The research analyses how regional Industry 4.0 policies should take into account the integration of the position of the regional productive system into international supply chains, the games of legitimacy and power of the actors involved in the innovation system, the institutional structures that allow the exchange of knowledge on Industry 4.0. between the agents and the connection between the synthetic knowledge base (engineering driven) and the analytical knowledge base (science driven) of the region. Through a detailed case study of the background, structure and impact of Industry 4.0 in the Spanish regions of the Basque Country and Catalonia, the work demonstrates how it is not possible to define a policy of promoting Industry 4.0 that is generalizable to all regions and how each region will have to adapt the design and implementation of its Industry 4.0 policies to the specific characteristics of its regional innovation system. Therefore the replication of policies from other regions will not be an effective mechanism for promoting Industry 4.0 since the transition to Industry 4.0 is a very regional specific and diverse process.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1622-1636
Issue: 9
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1963049
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1963049
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Desmond Hickie
Author-X-Name-First: Desmond
Author-X-Name-Last: Hickie
Author-Name: James Hickie
Author-X-Name-First: James
Author-X-Name-Last: Hickie
Title: The impact of Industry 4.0 on supply chains and regions: innovation in the aerospace and automotive industries
Abstract: 
 This paper explains the spread of Industry 4.0 technologies in two globalized, manufacturing industries. It then goes on to suggest ways in which the widespread adoption and integration of these technologies may impact upon their geographical distribution – not least engaging new regions and perhaps altering the significance of established ones.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1606-1621
Issue: 9
Volume: 29
Year: 2021
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1963048
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1963048
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Davide Ponzini
Author-X-Name-First: Davide
Author-X-Name-Last: Ponzini
Author-Name: Khaled Alawadi
Author-X-Name-First: Khaled
Author-X-Name-Last: Alawadi
Title: Transnational mobilities of the tallest building: origins, mobilization and urban effects of Dubai’s Burj Khalifa
Abstract: 
 The media and scholarly descriptions and understandings of the tallest building in the world, namely the Burj Khalifa in Dubai, generally, have been simplified. Either celebrating or condemning it, these explanations typically stress the unique technological solutions, the symbolic and political motivations or the financial risk and economic gamble. This manuscript documents the origins – in terms of both its generation as centrepiece of the large-scale development project called Downtown Dubai and the mobilization of antecedents of Dubai’s icon (including the Kuala Lumpur City Centre, the Samsung Tower Palace Three, Seoul). Drawing on secondary data and prior research materials, the paper analyses the mobilities of architectural, engineering and real estate experts and solutions, arguing that this urban spectacle worked at multiple scales, that multiple actors embraced it for different purposes: the government celebrating the nation and the city, the developer gaining a distinct landmark in a massive development to market it internationally, enticing partners and regulators in subsequent transnational operations and the design experts testing unprecedented technological solutions. The conclusions concentrate on the diverse motivations behind this architectural piece and the importance of a place-based yet critical and multiscalar understanding of similar urban transformation processes and their uneven urban effects.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 141-159
Issue: 1
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1908233
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1908233
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Anne-Marie Broudehoux
Author-X-Name-First: Anne-Marie
Author-X-Name-Last: Broudehoux
Author-Name: Guylaine Cheli
Author-X-Name-First: Guylaine
Author-X-Name-Last: Cheli
Title: Beyond starchitecture: the shared architectural language of urban memorial spaces
Abstract: 
 This article investigates the role of architecture in inscribing the collective memory of mass atrocities in the urban landscape. Through the study of public memorial spaces located in four European cities, it investigates the ways in which architecture can act as a non-verbal language apt to translate, into material form, a reality that is too harsh to otherwise communicate. We argue that the memorial’s aesthetic qualities, relationship to the site, spatial organization, circulation path, as well as the specific use of materials, textures and symbols result in an environment that is conducive to receptivity, empathy and introspection. The article suggests that remarkable architecture can be more than a self-aggrandizing vehicle for designers, promoters and cities, but can have a positive effect on urban societies, as part of a movement towards collective healing, historic reparation and the redress of social inequality. They could also offer opportunities for cities to update their image, endowing them with a renewed reputation, as progressive, forward-looking and capable of recognizing past faults and acknowledging the collective benefits of inclusion.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 160-177
Issue: 1
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1931665
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1931665
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nadia Alaily-Mattar
Author-X-Name-First: Nadia
Author-X-Name-Last: Alaily-Mattar
Author-Name: Joelean Hall
Author-X-Name-First: Joelean
Author-X-Name-Last: Hall
Author-Name: Alain Thierstein
Author-X-Name-First: Alain
Author-X-Name-Last: Thierstein
Title: The problematization of ‘star architecture’ in architecture research
Abstract: 
 Despite of the growth of the body of scholarly literature on the topic star architecture, few articles cite publications of architectural research on the topic. The scholarly discussion of star architecture is only marginally influenced by the problematizations specific to the architecture field. This paper presents findings of a systematic quantitative literature review of the topic star architecture. By searching Scopus and Avery databases using relevant keywords, a total of 365 English language articles published between 1997 and 2019 were identified. Following the analysis of titles, abstracts and keywords of these articles as well as the affiliations of authors, we categorized these articles according to their fields of research, types of research and applied research methods. Our findings indicate that the theoretical and methodological foundations of research on star architecture within the field of architecture are weak if compared to all other fields of study. Despite the significant number of articles within the architecture field, more than half of these articles do not receive any citations. Our findings confirm that the voices and perspectives of the architecture field contribute only marginally to the scholarly discussion of star architecture.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 13-31
Issue: 1
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1889476
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1889476
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alberto Vanolo
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Vanolo
Title: Shops, food, regeneration and a controversial signature building in Turin, Italy
Abstract: 
 The paper focuses on the case of PalaFuksas, a signature building inaugurated in 2005 and located in the central (but marginalized) area of Porta Palazzo in Turin, Italy. Originally designed to host clothing shops, the building had a history of failures and reconversions, and it is currently mainly used as a branded food hall. By mixing archive and qualitative research, the article focuses on the evolution amongst local stakeholders, of different ‘expectations’, intended as heterogeneous and not fully conscious and rational sets of ideas, imaginaries, forecasts. PalaFuksas was expected to be a successful and functional building to contain businesses, a flagship for the entire city, and to perform distinction and iconicity, acting as a regenerator for its neighbourhood. Failures in meeting these expectations implied a continuous renegotiation of the meanings, functions and identities of PalaFuksas, revealing the complexity of the processes at play in the attempt to sign, re-sign and ultimately ‘become’ a signature building.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 178-194
Issue: 1
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1903399
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1903399
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Matt Patterson
Author-X-Name-First: Matt
Author-X-Name-Last: Patterson
Title: Revitalization, transformation and the ‘Bilbao effect’: testing the local area impact of iconic architectural developments in North America, 2000–2009
Abstract: 
 The term ‘Bilbao effect’ describes the potential of iconic architectural developments (IADs) designed by world famous architects to act as a catalyst for economic revitalization and transformation within neighbourhoods or regions. Despite the ubiquity of this term, its validity is still debated. Furthermore, research on the topic has relied almost exclusively on individual or small-N comparative case studies. This paper builds on this research by testing the Bilbao effect through a quantitative analysis of 142 IADs completed in Canada and the United States between 2000 and 2009. Using fixed effects modelling, a method that controls for selection bias, the analysis examines the effect of IADs on a set of outcome variables that measure neighbourhood-level economic and cultural changes during this period: population, rent, the number of local arts establishments and the number of cultural workers living in the area. The analysis demonstrates that neighbourhoods with IADs generally experienced more economic and cultural growth than non-IAD neighbourhoods during this time period. However, the paper also complicates these findings by examining differences in how this growth manifests itself within emerging versus established neighbourhoods. These differences are illustrated through a comparison of the Dallas Arts District and Lincoln Square, Manhattan.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 32-49
Issue: 1
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1863341
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1863341
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: David A. Banks
Author-X-Name-First: David A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Banks
Title: The attention economy of authentic cities: how cities behave like influencers
Abstract: 
 Cities, like the people that live in them, are subject to the attention economy. Familiar social media platforms aggregate users’ tastes and reconstitute them as advertising and curated content. In this paper, I show that American cities are induced by state governments to adopt the attention-grabbing tactics of social media influencers. This is particularly evident in cultural planning as it relates to economic development. While this is a global phenomenon, I have chosen to focus on the Capital Region of New York State, a region approximately 240 kilometres north of New York City. I have chosen the Capital Region because New York's nine-year-old system of Regional Economic Development Councils highlights the competitive and often capricious environment that urbanists increasingly find themselves in. Through an analysis of planning documents, reported events and secondary sources I demonstrate how small to medium cities in Upstate New York are competing to be the purveyors of authentic urban living. I then discuss how authenticity and social media interact to create desires for consumption of identity performance. Finally, I compare the city authentic branding regime with the ‘Bilbao effect’ and show how the former can summon the effects of the latter without a ‘star’ architect.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 195-209
Issue: 1
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1882947
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1882947
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tobias Heuer
Author-X-Name-First: Tobias
Author-X-Name-Last: Heuer
Author-Name: Jochen Runde
Author-X-Name-First: Jochen
Author-X-Name-Last: Runde
Title: The Elbphilharmonie and the Hamburg effect: on the social positioning, identities and system functions of a building and a city
Abstract: 
 Drawing on social positioning theory, we examine how the identity of the city of Hamburg has been affected by the identity and system functions of its recently completed Elbphilharmonie building. We explore the social positioning and identity formation processes involved, and argue that, rather than having a ‘Bilbao Effect’ as is often claimed, the Elbphilharmonie project is in fact having a distinct ‘Hamburg Effect’ of its own.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 85-104
Issue: 1
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1908232
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1908232
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Monika Grubbauer
Author-X-Name-First: Monika
Author-X-Name-Last: Grubbauer
Author-Name: Venetsiya Dimitrova
Author-X-Name-First: Venetsiya
Author-X-Name-Last: Dimitrova
Title: Exceptional architecture, learning processes, and the contradictory performativity of norms and standards
Abstract: 
 Large-scale urban projects that make use of exceptional architecture face a number of challenges: namely the scale and complexity of the projects as well as the elevated expectations faced by architectural and engineering firms. Meeting these challenges requires the development and approval of non-standard design and technical solutions. Based on the analysis of four case studies in the German context, we show how the creation of exceptional architecture requires that built environment professionals actively negotiate with established norms and standards in various ways. The learning processes thus enabled are contradictory. On the one hand, knowledge gained in the process of developing innovative solutions remains exclusive and, often, codification and standardization do not occur. On the other hand, in some instances, standards and norms are adapted to inform and guide other projects. In conclusion, this paper argues, norms and standards constitute a contested terrain and are characterized by a contradictory performativity. This paper thus advances wider debates on innovation in the building industry by highlighting the extreme tensions and ambivalent trade-offs that exist between the development of unique and tailor-made solutions for singular buildings and the investment in the standardization of novel products for the built environment.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 121-140
Issue: 1
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1928609
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1928609
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Beatriz Plaza
Author-X-Name-First: Beatriz
Author-X-Name-Last: Plaza
Author-Name: Ibon Aranburu
Author-X-Name-First: Ibon
Author-X-Name-Last: Aranburu
Author-Name: Marisol Esteban
Author-X-Name-First: Marisol
Author-X-Name-Last: Esteban
Title: Superstar Museums and global media exposure: mapping the positioning of the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao through networks
Abstract: 
 Superstar architecture can play a key role in the global positioning of museums in influential mass media, thereby successfully attracting cultural tourism (e.g. the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, GMB). Yet, an evident shortcoming is the mapping of media positioning. The aim of this article is precisely to draw and visualize this positioning of the GMB through networks. Two innovative features characterize this study: first, from a theoretical point of view, it links the debate on Superstar Museums to the broader economic debate on Superstar Economics. Akin to Rosen’s hypothesis, in the case of Superstar Museums, the media exposure is concentrated among a handful of museums. In this context, the authors highlight the role of networks. The central nodes in the networks utilized for the study, depict/stand for museums that have the maximum visibility in the international media. The second innovative feature of the article is the analysis of co-citation networks in articles of the New York Times for two periods (1995–2000 and 2014–2019). The network graphs map the results of this article: the GMB positioned itself effectively with its inauguration in 1997. In addition, 20 years later the GMB still remains quite well positioned.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 50-65
Issue: 1
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1935753
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1935753
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Johannes Dreher
Author-X-Name-First: Johannes
Author-X-Name-Last: Dreher
Author-Name: Joachim Thiel
Author-X-Name-First: Joachim
Author-X-Name-Last: Thiel
Title: Star architecture projects and the geographies of innovation across the construction supply chain: the case of the Elbphilharmonie
Abstract: 
 The majority of literature on star architecture highlights the effects that those projects have on their respective cities and that materialize after projects have been completed. Hardly discussed are effects that (a) occur beyond the city boundaries and that (b) are triggered in the development process of such projects, especially effects of the material construction. In this paper, we focus on technical innovations triggered by star architecture and the effects that these innovations generate across the construction supply chain. Looking closely into the process of implementing the glass façade of Hamburg’s Elbphilharmonie, we maintain that ambitious design forces involved actors in developing innovative solutions to secure the realization of this exceptional design at all. At the same time yet, the ambitious design leads to highly selective processes. First, regarding the selection of involved actors, only a few specialized firms worldwide are able to accomplish the required ambitious design. And second, as in consequence, only these few actors benefit from the projects by accumulating experience, knowledge, reputation and stabilizing cooperation networks. The selectivity also embraces the geography of this ecology as the same networks of specialized firms tend to carry on innovations from star architecture project to another on an international scale.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 105-120
Issue: 1
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1951176
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1951176
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Georgia Lindsay
Author-X-Name-First: Georgia
Author-X-Name-Last: Lindsay
Author-Name: Mark Sawyer
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Sawyer
Title: A constellation of stars: what a local newspaper talks about when it talks about star architecture
Abstract: 
 Despite the broadly held assumption that having an iconic building designed by a celebrity architect can effectively rebrand a place, draw tourists, and stimulate economic activity, star architecture does more than just contribute to the economic fortunes of regional cities. Iconic projects also emerge from and reflect the discourses, desires, and identities of city dwellers in the places they are built. In this paper, we use newspaper coverage of five iconic or star architecture buildings in Denver, Colorado, USA, to expose how architecture contributes to local discourses. What emerges is a complex picture of how local press engage with star architecture projects. Star architecture buildings do more than just contribute to the economic fortunes of a city or region: they also contribute to the mental map of a place, become contributors to city identity, and create opportunities for conversations about culture and architecture, including the basis for comparisons with other cities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 66-84
Issue: 1
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1892031
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1892031
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Nadia Alaily-Mattar
Author-X-Name-First: Nadia
Author-X-Name-Last: Alaily-Mattar
Author-Name: Georgia Lindsay
Author-X-Name-First: Georgia
Author-X-Name-Last: Lindsay
Author-Name: Alain Thierstein
Author-X-Name-First: Alain
Author-X-Name-Last: Thierstein
Title: Star architecture and urban transformation: introduction to the special issue
Abstract: 
 For nearly as long as there have been urban centres, exceptional architecture projects have contributed to transforming city form and city fortunes. In this special issue of ‘European Planning Studies’, we focus on star architecture and its ability to contribute to urban transformation, with articles on the phenomenon of star architecture from a range of disciplines. Star architecture is a topic where concerns about place, identity, economy, innovation and communication intersect. In this introduction to the special issue, we overview how star architecture participates in urban transformations, and address how research into star architecture connects to ideas of identity and branding, the media, the economy, urban governance and architecture itself. We also overview methodologies for studying star architecture and urban transformation: the choice of research methods and research approach affects the problematization and the types of research questions that can be answered. Studying star architecture offers insight into disparate fields including network analysis, media studies, geography, planning, cultural economy, identity, branding and spectacle. By looking beyond economic effects, researchers can expand the audience for studies of star architecture, and more fully understand its role in urban transformation.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1-12
Issue: 1
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1961691
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1961691
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Paria Valizadeh
Author-X-Name-First: Paria
Author-X-Name-Last: Valizadeh
Author-Name: Aminreza Iranmanesh
Author-X-Name-First: Aminreza
Author-X-Name-Last: Iranmanesh
Title: Inside out, exploring residential spaces during COVID-19 lockdown from the perspective of architecture students
Abstract: 
 The new preventative measures that have emerged from the Coronavirus crisis brought about changes in different aspects of daily life. Some of these changes may have a significant impact on how the built environment is being experienced. The current paper examines reconfigurations that happened in residential spaces and space allocations for transitioned activities in a small case study targeting a group of architecture students in Cyprus. Analysis and findings are structured in three sections, indoor activities, special organization, and quality of life. The result shows blurring boundaries between public and private activities. In terms of spatial configuration, in-between spaces such as balconies and openings become central in designing residential units. Moreover, the study finds that the successful transition of work, education, exercise, and remote social interactions into the housing unit is the best predictor of reported quality of life under quarantine. It is unclear which parts of newly emerged measures will last even beyond the end of the pandemic; however, developing new insights into COVID-19’s impacts on living environments can help to introduce design responses that improve quality of life by creating better residential environments in the post-pandemic world where the remoteness of many daily activities is becoming the norm.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 211-226
Issue: 2
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1939271
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1939271
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hossam Hewidy
Author-X-Name-First: Hossam
Author-X-Name-Last: Hewidy
Author-Name: Johanna Lilius
Author-X-Name-First: Johanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Lilius
Title: The death and life of Malmi neighbourhood shopping street: is ethnic retail a catalyst for public life recovery in Helsinki?
Abstract: 
 Chain stores have changed the retail landscape leading to the decline of small independent retail. Consequently, public street life on shopping streets is fading, and many premises have been left vacant during the past decade. However, in Finland, such transformation in the retail landscape coincides with the rapid growth of ethnic retail in some Helsinki neighbourhoods, such as Malmi, an area undergoing major urban renewal. The aim of this research is to study the current condition of Malmi public life and to investigate the capacity of ethnic retail to enhance it. Another aim is to examine how ethnic retail has been reflected in deploying scenario planning. The paper argues that ethnic retail has an evident role in improving vitality. The city of Helsinki showed willingness to integrate ethnic retail in its vision for developing the area, but with some shortcomings. The study recommends that ethnic retailers in Malmi, and similar areas, should be recognized for their role in formulating ethnic identities and reinforcing public street life. As such, the paper contributes to literature on urban renewal and space identity with a focus on future uncertainties facing small retailers.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 336-358
Issue: 2
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1956433
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1956433
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fabian Wenner
Author-X-Name-First: Fabian
Author-X-Name-Last: Wenner
Author-Name: Alain Thierstein
Author-X-Name-First: Alain
Author-X-Name-Last: Thierstein
Title: High speed rail as urban generator? An analysis of land use change around European stations
Abstract: 
 New High-Speed Rail stations are often expected to act as catalysts for regional and local urban and economic development. Accessibility improvements are assumed to increase locational attractiveness for households and companies, motivating municipal decision-makers to allocate land for urban development projects, particularly in the immediate vicinity of new stations. However, most empirical studies call such automatic effects into question, pointing to the importance of additional local factors, such as station location within the urban context. We construct a dataset of 232 stations in 11 countries in Europe to analyse evolving station placement strategies as well as land use changes in the surroundings of High-Speed Rail stations before and after construction. We find that stations close to the existing urban fabric and well connected by complementary regional and local public transport are on average associated with more land use change, while peripheral stations outside of metropolitan regions hardly attract any development.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 227-250
Issue: 2
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1946485
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1946485
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Gro Sandkjær Hanssen
Author-X-Name-First: Gro Sandkjær
Author-X-Name-Last: Hanssen
Author-Name: Anders Tønnesen
Author-X-Name-First: Anders
Author-X-Name-Last: Tønnesen
Title: Core-city climate leadership in metropolitan contractual management agreements
Abstract: 
 Metropolitan governance and planning increasingly are understood as essential in managing urban growth and fostering a sustainable and climate-friendly metropolitan development. Lately, a contractual turn can be observed in metropolitan governance, in which traditional coordination tools are supplemented by contractual management tools between governmental layers and sectors. This article analyses two cases of metropolitan contractual management agreements, one in the Oslo region and one in the Gothenburg region. The article finds that both agreements build on regional strategies and plans to commit national authorities to invest in infrastructure in these metropolitan areas. The Oslo agreement has more layers than the Gothenburg case, in trying to align national, regional and local authorities’ efforts in both land use and mobility politics. The agreements require advanced leadership competence from the core-city, curbing centre-periphery tensions in metropolitan areas and building local alliances to pressure national authorities in agreement negotiations. We argue that this requires a co-creational leadership role, which, in a multilevel governance setting, must be extended to include dimensions such as distributional balance sensitivity, delineation sensitivity and upward pressure.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 269-291
Issue: 2
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1947988
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1947988
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Konstantina Ntassiou
Author-X-Name-First: Konstantina
Author-X-Name-Last: Ntassiou
Title: Studying abandoned settlements’ renaissance in the context of rural geography: perspectives for Prespes, Greece
Abstract: 
 This paper attempts to reveal the opportunities that could arise from the revival of abandoned settlements rich in architecturally interesting buildings in the rural renaissance context. Concepts such as settlement abandonment, land abandonment, back to land movement, and rural renaissance are behind the need for the rural settlements’ renaissance and are analyzed briefly herein. The paper focuses on the municipality of Prespes in Greece, a natural habitat with plenty of abandoned or declining settlements. The outstanding landscape, the deserted buildings that still have architectural interest and the area's rurality provide an interdisciplinary frame for looking into the renaissance of abandoned rural settlements from a new perspective. Area censuses reveal abandoned, sparsely populated or declining settlements, which could follow specially designed action plans for their revitalization; the land cover also indicates development opportunities for each settlement. Finally, the paper outlines proposals for the revitalization and sustainable development of the study area.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 359-383
Issue: 2
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1957085
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1957085
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sibylle Wälty
Author-X-Name-First: Sibylle
Author-X-Name-Last: Wälty
Title: How to achieve parsimonious urban land use: The Case of Greater Zurich
Abstract: 
 Land use regulations in Switzerland do not meet the requirements of the spatial planning act (SPA) in their guidance for parsimonious land use. If parsimonious land use is to be achieved, urban economic theories and price-based regulations must be leveraged to determine the intensity and balance of land use. Therefore, an urban information system to project and guide for parsimonious land use was developed. The GIS spatial analysis instrument presented in this paper is intended as a decision-making aid in the reform of the land use regulations, in particular metropolitan, cantonal and regional structure plans and municipal land use plans. By intensifying and better balancing land use at locations adequately accessed by public transport, land can be used parsimoniously. However, the projection results are not a self-fulfilling prophecy. Therefore, to guide for parsimonious land use regulations need to change from normative, static and exclusionary to context-dependent, conditional, dynamic and inclusionary ones. The next step is to develop a system of fees and codes to internalize negative externalities of building and transport and to collect public revenue from economic and agglomeration rents.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 292-310
Issue: 2
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1948973
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1948973
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Andrea De Montis
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea
Author-X-Name-Last: De Montis
Author-Name: Antonio Ledda
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio
Author-X-Name-Last: Ledda
Author-Name: Giovanna Calia
Author-X-Name-First: Giovanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Calia
Title: Integrating green infrastructures in spatial planning: a scrutiny of regional tools in Sardinia, Italy
Abstract: 
 Extensive urbanization is a major cause of landscape fragmentation, depletes natural habitats and affects climate change. An efficient counteraction is offered by the realization of green infrastructures (GIs). GIs contribute to ecological connectivity, increase ecosystem resilience, address climate change, and improve people’s wellbeing. The inclusion of GIs in spatial planning processes is important for mainstreaming environmental considerations in the design of sustainable cities. Despite the interest in the integration of GIs in urban planning theories and tools, few scientific works have tackled this issue systematically. This study aims at clarifying if – and to what extent – GI concepts are included in regional plans and programs adopted in Sardinia (Italy). We scrutinized the documents by using quali-quantitative content analysis based on criteria rooted in scientific literature and figured out that few plans and programs incorporate a clear definition of GIs. Most of them incorporate implicit references to GIs. Our results confirm other scientific evidence and open to future research works applied to the Sardinian and to other regional and national contexts.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 251-268
Issue: 2
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1947987
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1947987
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:30:y:2022:i:2:p:251-268




Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Evangelia-Theodora Derdemezi
Author-X-Name-First: Evangelia-Theodora
Author-X-Name-Last: Derdemezi
Author-Name: Georgios Tsilimigkas
Author-X-Name-First: Georgios
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsilimigkas
Author-Name: Thanasis Kizos
Author-X-Name-First: Thanasis
Author-X-Name-Last: Kizos
Title: Mining activity and island landscape issues: evidence from Cyclades islands, Greece
Abstract: 
 This paper maps the visual impact of mining activities on terrestrial and marine landscapes of the Cyclades islands, Greece, an island complex in the Aegean Sea of particular natural and cultural heritage. In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, mining activities developed on the islands, many of which are abandoned today. Some of the remaining inactive mines and accompanying structures have been registered as monuments and part of the national industrial heritage. The remaining active mining units conflict for land with the main economic activity today, tourism. The visual impact of the mining units is calculated and mapped, resulting in viewshed analysis which quantifies the impact of mining units on terrestrial and marine landscapes, with emphasis on nominated traditional settlements and mention of non-traditional ones. The quantitative results have shown that the landscape study needs to be incorporated in terrestrial and marine spatial planning.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 384-404
Issue: 2
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1958172
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1958172
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sonia Freire Trigo
Author-X-Name-First: Sonia
Author-X-Name-Last: Freire Trigo
Title: Estate regeneration and its discontents. Public housing, place and inequality in London
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 425-426
Issue: 2
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1936954
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1936954
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dawid Soszyński
Author-X-Name-First: Dawid
Author-X-Name-Last: Soszyński
Author-Name: Barbara Sowińska-Świerkosz
Author-X-Name-First: Barbara
Author-X-Name-Last: Sowińska-Świerkosz
Author-Name: Jan Kamiński
Author-X-Name-First: Jan
Author-X-Name-Last: Kamiński
Author-Name: Ewa Trzaskowska
Author-X-Name-First: Ewa
Author-X-Name-Last: Trzaskowska
Author-Name: Adam Gawryluk
Author-X-Name-First: Adam
Author-X-Name-Last: Gawryluk
Title: Rural public places: specificity and importance for the local community (case study of four villages)
Abstract: 
 The paper presents the outcome of research into the unique character of public places in rural areas and the importance of different types of places for the local community. A complex methodology was used, including expert research, interviews and surveys, on the basis of which seven qualities defining the vitality of a place and three features defining the meaning of a place were assessed. Research was conducted in four villages representative of eastern Poland. The obtained results prove that each village, regardless of its size, rank, function and development, has public places important for residents. The distinguishing features of rural public places are spontaneity, informality and a close involvement of residents in their formation. The most essential are still multifunctional village squares (boasting high vitality) with shops fulfilling the key role of the main centres of social activity in the country. However, everyday and central places are losing their prominent position in favour of recreational spaces (with high vitality and meaning). Semi-natural places (high meaning), characteristic of rural areas, have proved to be very important because they often combine private ownership with freedom of access and bottom-up forms of development.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 311-335
Issue: 2
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1948974
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1948974
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joanna Duda
Author-X-Name-First: Joanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Duda
Author-Name: Rafał Kusa
Author-X-Name-First: Rafał
Author-X-Name-Last: Kusa
Author-Name: Rafał Rumin
Author-X-Name-First: Rafał
Author-X-Name-Last: Rumin
Author-Name: Marcin Suder
Author-X-Name-First: Marcin
Author-X-Name-Last: Suder
Author-Name: Jerzy Feliks
Author-X-Name-First: Jerzy
Author-X-Name-Last: Feliks
Title: Identifying the determinants of vacuum tube high-speed train development with technology roadmapping – a study from Poland
Abstract: 
 The aim of this paper is to identify the conditions (both technical and non-technical) that determine the development of vacuum tube high-speed train technology. We employ technological roadmapping as a method. With this method, we analyze the planned process of the development of vacuum tube high-speed train technology in Poland. We have identified 65 conditions. They have been segregated into 4 groups (namely, legal, technological, economic, and social) and 20 development paths. These conditions are visible in the roadmap picturing the development process of vacuum tube high-speed train technology. Among the identified determinants, technical factors dominate; they relate to line infrastructure, stations, and vehicles. However, the development of technology is determined by legal, economic, and social conditions as well. Our study indicates that the successful implementation of the technology requires the management of all of the determining conditions and the mitigation of the impact of those that may be limited to others. The unveiled connotations among the examined factors can be implied by the decision-makers who are responsible for the development of transport infrastructure and vacuum tube high-speed train technology.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 405-424
Issue: 2
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1965098
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1965098
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Jacek Purchla
Author-X-Name-First: Jacek
Author-X-Name-Last: Purchla
Title: Heritage and cultural mega-events: backgrounds, approaches and challenges
Abstract: 
 Cultural heritage is not simply the stock of a given culture's material assets, but also the sum of our memory and identity – and this is part of the increasing significance of cultural heritage. Cultural heritage today is not only a resource in need of protection, but also a potential that must be exploited for future development. The three issues of significance for the future condition of our historic resources should be emphasized. The first is the rapidly accelerating process of transformation of the entire built heritage stock. The second is the increasing need for heritage. The third issue is the clear shift in emphasis from the value of the heritage to the needs of society. This breeds an increasing need for us to redefine ourselves and open up to others, so promoting the interaction between social capital and heritage is becoming vital for the rebuilding of social cohesion. Social capital should be nurtured as an opportunity both for the protection of cultural heritage and for its exploitation as a pro-development resource. It is also a big challenge for the Cultural Mega-events that may, and should, be well melded into a policy of building a broad base of heritage awareness.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 566-572
Issue: 3
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1959727
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1959727
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Evanthia Dova
Author-X-Name-First: Evanthia
Author-X-Name-Last: Dova
Author-Name: Angeliki Sivitanidou
Author-X-Name-First: Angeliki
Author-X-Name-Last: Sivitanidou
Author-Name: Natia R. Anastasi
Author-X-Name-First: Natia R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Anastasi
Author-Name: Julia Georgi-Nerantzia Tzortzi
Author-X-Name-First: Julia Georgi-Nerantzia
Author-X-Name-Last: Tzortzi
Title: A mega-event in a small city: community participation, heritage and scale in the case of Pafos 2017 European Capital of Culture
Abstract: 
 Pafos’s ‘Open Air Factory’ strategy for the 2017 ECoC was a simple yet imaginative concept born out of a strong desire to re-draw the city’s small-town character, diversify its economy, and steer social and cultural development along new paths. In order to counter the city’s limited economic resources and cultural infrastructure, the event’s vision was based on the two assets that Pafos has in abundance: a rich cultural heritage and a community eager for change. This paper tracks the uneven path of community involvement during the ECoC bidding, planning, implementation and post-implementation stages, and looks at urban heritage as the shared field of convergence for the multiple modes and degrees of participation in the realization of a mega-event. The city’s small size allows for original insights into the opportunities and limitations of the intersections between community, heritage and scale in the case of mega-event-based urban regeneration.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 457-477
Issue: 3
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1959721
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1959721
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Enrico Tommarchi
Author-X-Name-First: Enrico
Author-X-Name-Last: Tommarchi
Author-Name: Franco Bianchini
Author-X-Name-First: Franco
Author-X-Name-Last: Bianchini
Title: A heritage-inspired cultural mega-event in a stigmatized city: Hull UK City of Culture 2017
Abstract: 
 While the impacts of cultural mega-events on a city’s projected image have been extensively explored, less attention has been devoted to their role in relation to territorial stigmatization. These events have, in some cases, engaged with issues of stigmatization, as happened in Glasgow (European City of Culture 1990) and Derry-Londonderry (UK City of Culture 2013). This paper explores how built heritage is mobilized through a cultural mega-event in relation to stigma, through a case study of the city of Hull, in Northern England. Despite being among the country’s main ports until the 1930s, Hull suffered from steady structural socio-economic decline, in particular due to the demise of its fishing industry from the 1970s onwards. Hull UK City of Culture 2017 was understood as an opportunity to counter negative external perceptions. Heritage was mobilized to tell the story of the city, engage residents and visitors in cultural activities and boost civic pride. Events in 2017 and beyond promoted heritage learning in innovative ways, also through the spectacularisation of heritage spaces. However, the official evaluation of Hull 2017 shows how positive immediate results were later scaled down, suggesting that these events are not sufficient on their own to counter stigmatization.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 478-498
Issue: 3
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1959722
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1959722
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Davide Ponzini
Author-X-Name-First: Davide
Author-X-Name-Last: Ponzini
Title: Introduction to the special issue – cultural mega-events and heritage: challenges for European cities
Abstract: 
 The future of mega-events has never been more uncertain. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has introduced an unparalleled level of doubt regarding the kind of mega-events that will take place in the coming years. While the 2019 call for papers could not predict such a radical shock, this special issue arrives at a quite unique moment of reflection. Prior to 2020, cities were already questioning the traditional format of mega-events (e.g. Olympics and Expo) while other cultural mega-events have been spreading and gaining popularity, thanks in part to typically lower costs of infrastructures and venues, far more adaptable arrangements, spatial distribution and time frame for hosting. In these ways, they have already been demonstrating higher flexibility in which to respond to future health and safety constraints. When it comes to the relation to the existing city, cultural mega-events have been planned, implemented and studied far more than any other. By leveraging the richness of cultural mega-events, this special issue deepens the intersection between events and cultural heritage in particular. This introduction provides a theoretical framework that cuts across mega-event and heritage research fields. It introduces the questions and approaches of the following contributions, arguing that the nexus between mega-events and heritage is a key challenge for many cities in Europe and beyond.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 427-436
Issue: 3
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1959719
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1959719
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marina Rotolo
Author-X-Name-First: Marina
Author-X-Name-Last: Rotolo
Title: Internationalizing small-sized cities through mega-events: the case of Matera-Basilicata 2019 European Capital of Culture
Abstract: 
 The paper is part of an ongoing thesis on the city of Matera (Italy). The research questions the effects and challenges of a double international recognition on urban space production: the mega-event ‘European Capital of Culture’ and the UNESCO World Heritage status. Using Matera’s bid book to become the European Capital of Culture, the paper focuses on the vocabulary used by the experts in charge of the application and questions the city models underlying the cultural programme. Through the use of an entrepreneurial vocabulary, the stakeholders of the Matera–Basilicata 2019 Foundation propose to transform the classic modes of bureaucratic management and the way of conceiving urban design. In this perspective, the challenge is no longer to invest in infrastructural components or public facilities but to create a new attractive image of the city. In this context, the Foundation in charge of the organization of the event acts as a company to promote new narratives and to provide new services for the city. The label ‘European Capital of Culture’ is therefore used to promote the city through a new urban vision, which reinterprets the local and historical urban representations.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 554-565
Issue: 3
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1959726
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1959726
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Tamara West
Author-X-Name-First: Tamara
Author-X-Name-Last: West
Title: Liverpool’s European Capital of Culture legacy narrative: a selective heritage?
Abstract: 
 Liverpool hosted the European Capital of Cultural (ECoC) in 2008, four years after the city was granted UNESCO World Heritage Site status. A decade later the city council celebrated the anniversary of hosting, while at the same time UNESCO debated the imminent delisting of the city’s world heritage site. Concentrating on data collected during this anniversary year, this paper critically examines the extent to which an ECoC legacy narrative in the city remains intrinsically linked to an economic regeneration-dominated understanding of the role of culture that has changed very little since the bidding and hosting process. Large scale events and visitor economy strategies dominate the cultural offer, whilst heritage, in particular the World Heritage Site, is at best drawn upon in property or tourism led redevelopment advertisement, or, at worst, seen as negatively competing with the progress of a perceived city ‘renaissance’. This article draws upon cross sector multi-stakeholder mapping workshops, interviews and document analysis to explore how a selective legacy narrative continues to affect the development of a more embedded approach to cultural heritage within the city.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 534-553
Issue: 3
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1959725
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1959725
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Stefano Di Vita
Author-X-Name-First: Stefano Di
Author-X-Name-Last: Vita
Title: Cultural events and heritage policy for the Milan Expo 2015: experimental intersections between mega-event and city
Abstract: 
 The article observes the case of the Expo 2015 by focusing on side cultural events and heritage. By critically drawing on mega-event and smaller event literature, it is argued that new experiments beyond the mega-event itself affected Milan’s transformation and repositioning. In particular, the contribution provides new evidence about the connection between the uncertain planning process for the Universal Exhibition 2015 and the enhancement of historic places in both the host city and region. Furthermore, it discusses Milan’s urban and regional development trends and agendas turning toward leisure tourism and festivalization in this period.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 499-513
Issue: 3
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1959723
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1959723
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Joanna Sanetra-Szeliga
Author-X-Name-First: Joanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Sanetra-Szeliga
Title: Culture and heritage as a means to foster quality of life? The case of Wrocław European Capital of Culture 2016
Abstract: 
 Wrocław European Capital of Culture 2016, with its ‘Spaces for Beauty’ slogan, serves to show that cumulating financial resources and human effort to produce a large number of projects and initiatives in the field of heritage provides an opportunity to improve the quality of life for residents. This paper discusses two aspects of quality of life: access to and participation in culture as well as relations with urban space and built heritage. Both impact numerous areas of our lives, such as individual satisfaction, self-development, identity building, sense of belonging, sense of security, aesthetic pleasure, entertainment, learning, socialization of individuals and building social capital. This paper aims to bridge the gap between research on mega-events and the discussion on heritage, offering insights into the potential use of heritage as a development mechanism.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 514-533
Issue: 3
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1959724
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1959724
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Zachary Mark Jones
Author-X-Name-First: Zachary Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Jones
Title: Short-term gains and long-term challenges to learning from mega-event planning in the city of Genoa
Abstract: 
 For decades, a mega-event strategy to urban development has been popular with developers and politicians as a way to deliver fast results that can help to regenerate areas of cities and boost a city’s global image. While this approach can deliver quick results in the short term, the literature has not yet investigated the lasting affects this has at an institutional level on city planning and decision-making processes over the long term. One interesting case to investigate this phenomenon is the city of Genoa, which hosted three large events over a period of 12 years to regenerate the city centre and reconnect it to its de-industrialized waterfront. While the 1992 Expo, 2001 G8 Summit and 2004 European Capital of Culture significantly altered the urban fabric of the city centre, this paper will take a closer look at the new approaches and strategies decision makers implemented in the planning of these events, analysing whether they continued to utilize these planning tools and approaches following the events. The paper finds that while the city improved in its planning of events through the process of hosting the three events, it struggled to maintain such innovative approaches as part of routine practice post-event.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 437-456
Issue: 3
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1959720
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1959720
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hossam Hewidy
Author-X-Name-First: Hossam
Author-X-Name-Last: Hewidy
Title: Just city planning competitions in Helsinki: between the power of image and many images of power
Abstract: 
 City growth in Helsinki is based on urban renewal steered by a policy preventing segregation. Meanwhile, chain stores dominate the Finnish retail market, and small mainstream retail is hardly seen in Helsinki. Although many old strip malls have been left vacant by the decline in small mainstream retail, ethnic retail has remarkably converted two strip malls into the most livable urban hubs in Helsinki. In 2019–2020, two planning competitions were held in response to the city objectives of forming urban centers through densification. This paper studies both competitions to examine their capacity to reflect urban diversity as a value in their results. The contribution of this paper is threefold. First, it demonstrates that competitions were not structured to respond to urban diversity. Second, both cases lacked effective consulting with ethnic retailers and the immigrant community affected by the urban renewal. Third, it argues that urban diversity is achievable if a genuine will exists to support competitions in freely inventing ideas empowering diversity. Furthermore, the results suggest that the alliance between the municipal monopoly of planning, the chain stores and the property shareholding companies created many images of power in the process.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 663-683
Issue: 4
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1990216
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1990216
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Faruk Seyitoğlu
Author-X-Name-First: Faruk
Author-X-Name-Last: Seyitoğlu
Author-Name: Carlos Costa
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Costa
Author-Name: Ana Maria Malta
Author-X-Name-First: Ana Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Malta
Title: Dimensions of (post-)viral tourism revival: actions and strategies from the perspectives of policymakers in Portugal
Abstract: 
 This research explores the dimensions of (post-)viral tourism revival from the perspectives of policymakers in Portugal. Accordingly, the data were collected through semi-structured interviews with policymakers representing Portugal’s regional and national level tourism organisations. The findings include six main themes: financial actions, structural and logical strategies, demand-related strategies, workforce aspects and actions, marketing and promoting strategies, and optimization of funds. By providing the necessary actions and strategies, the present study results will be helpful for destinations to develop effective crisis management planning in the (post-)viral tourism to revive. Additionally, this paper is the first to reveal in detail the dimensions of (post-)viral tourism revival from the perspectives of policymakers who are in significant positions of regional and national level tourism organizations. Thence, the findings are original and will contribute to the tourism literature.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 608-626
Issue: 4
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.2010662
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.2010662
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juan-Mariano Camarillo-Naranjo
Author-X-Name-First: Juan-Mariano
Author-X-Name-Last: Camarillo-Naranjo
Author-Name: Ismael Vallejo-Villalta
Author-X-Name-First: Ismael
Author-X-Name-Last: Vallejo-Villalta
Author-Name: Alfonso Fernández-Tabales
Author-X-Name-First: Alfonso
Author-X-Name-Last: Fernández-Tabales
Author-Name: Enrique Santos-Pavón
Author-X-Name-First: Enrique
Author-X-Name-Last: Santos-Pavón
Title: Where is tourist housing actually located? New approaches and sources for detailed scale analysis
Abstract: 
 This article deals with the distribution of tourist housing in cities. Its main objective is to show new data and methods to more precisely locate tourist housing; to that end, four indicators of the concentration of tourist housing are proposed on a detailed scale and applied to Seville, Spain. This approach should enable future studies to achieve a more detailed analysis of the phenomenon’s real effects on the resident population. Regarding the current health crisis, it presents an accurate picture of the situation before the COVID19 pandemic and will be a perfect departure point for following the progress of the analysed phenomenon both during and after the crisis in the forthcoming work. The results obtained clearly represent a qualitative advance over previous literature in various aspects: (a) the new tourist housing sources used to avoid the location errors of the usually available data sources (i.e. Inside AirBnb); (b) combined usage of this tourist housing source with new spatial references (cadastral data) enables more precise localization of individual tourist housing; and (c) combined usage of these two data sources (tourist housing and cadastral units) enables the extraction of new and detailed indicators regarding the distribution and concentration of tourist housing.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 744-768
Issue: 4
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.2002825
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.2002825
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Constance Uyttebrouck
Author-X-Name-First: Constance
Author-X-Name-Last: Uyttebrouck
Author-Name: Pascal De Decker
Author-X-Name-First: Pascal
Author-X-Name-Last: De Decker
Author-Name: Jacques Teller
Author-X-Name-First: Jacques
Author-X-Name-Last: Teller
Title: Ontologies of live-work mix in Amsterdam, Brussels and Stockholm: an institutionalist approach drawing on path dependency
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the impact of institutional frameworks on ontologies of ‘live-work mix’, i.e. the renewed intertwining of residential and economic uses in urban developments. We aim to understand how local housing and planning regimes influence the nature of live-work mix by comparing three contrasting institutional frameworks (Amsterdam, Brussels, Stockholm), using an institutionalist approach to governance drawing on the concept of path dependency. We address two research questions: how have each city’s housing and planning regimes influenced current urban development strategies, and what ontologies of live-work mix do these regimes and strategies underlie. Based on a literature review, document analysis and exploratory interviews, we show that live-work goals are defined in instruments underpinned by different discourses and early planning directions, but in which housing supply is instrumental to economic growth. Market parties play an essential role in implementing these goals as a result of critical junctures and dependencies affecting the actors involved and their governance capacity. Overall, the local ontologies of live-work mix reflect broader city understandings and are either consistently oriented towards attractiveness or, on the contrary, overlapping between, sometimes, antagonistic agendas. Used sensitively, our analytical framework appears to be relevant to understanding the local mitigation of global developments.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 705-724
Issue: 4
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.2007858
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.2007858
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Silvia Fissi
Author-X-Name-First: Silvia
Author-X-Name-Last: Fissi
Author-Name: Elena Gori
Author-X-Name-First: Elena
Author-X-Name-Last: Gori
Author-Name: Alberto Romolini
Author-X-Name-First: Alberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Romolini
Author-Name: Marco Contri
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Contri
Title: Facing Covid-19: the digitalization path of Opera di Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence
Abstract: 
 Over the past few decades, digital technologies have become essential for the competitive success of museums and the achievement of their institutional mission. To the best of our knowledge, few studies have analyzed the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on digitalization in the museum sector. In light of this, the present study aims to investigate whether the pandemic has accelerated the digital transformation of museums. It examines the case of Opera di Santa Maria del Fiore in Florence through semi-structured interviews and secondary sources. The results show that the museum started its digitalization some time ago, but the pandemic has accelerated it. The institution has been developing several new digital projects using various online and onsite tools.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 573-589
Issue: 4
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1974352
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1974352
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: João Augusto Rossi Borges
Author-X-Name-First: João Augusto Rossi
Author-X-Name-Last: Borges
Author-Name: Sabine Neuberger
Author-X-Name-First: Sabine
Author-X-Name-Last: Neuberger
Author-Name: Helmut Saatkamp
Author-X-Name-First: Helmut
Author-X-Name-Last: Saatkamp
Author-Name: Alfons Oude Lansink
Author-X-Name-First: Alfons
Author-X-Name-Last: Oude Lansink
Author-Name: Dietrich Darr
Author-X-Name-First: Dietrich
Author-X-Name-Last: Darr
Title: Stakeholder viewpoints on facilitation of cross-border cooperation
Abstract: 
 The European Union fosters cooperation in cross-border regions through the European Cohesion Policy (ECP). The implementation of ECP instruments requires a participatory approach, in which stakeholders’ views are acknowledged. However, the multiple of views among and between stakeholders of cross-border initiatives complicate their involvement in a participatory approach. A prerequisite for a meaningful involvement of all stakeholders is an in-depth understanding of their viewpoints on what facilitates cross-border cooperation. However, to date, these viewpoints are poorly understood. This study aims to identify and analyse stakeholders’ viewpoints on the facilitation of cross-border cooperation. The viewpoints of a sample of entrepreneurs, members of education institutes, and members from local institutions (policymakers and industry representatives) in the Dutch-German cross-border region Rhine-Waal were collected via Q methodology and complemented through interviews. Four viewpoints emerged: cooperation through pro-active engagement, cooperation through targeted policies, cooperation through an aligned institutional setup, and cooperation through socio-cultural proximity. Results can inform policy-making aimed to increase stakeholder involvement in participatory approaches in cross-border regions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 627-642
Issue: 4
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1988061
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1988061
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maria Tartari
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Tartari
Author-Name: Sabrina Pedrini
Author-X-Name-First: Sabrina
Author-X-Name-Last: Pedrini
Author-Name: Pier Luigi Sacco
Author-X-Name-First: Pier Luigi
Author-X-Name-Last: Sacco
Title: Urban ‘beautification’ and its discontents: the erosion of urban commons in Milan
Abstract: 
 In this paper, we analyze the relationship between artistic interventions in the public space and their impact on urban cultural commons. We focus on the case study of the Muri Liberi street art project in NoLo, a semi-peripheral neighbourhood of Milan traditionally characterized by a multi-ethnic, low-income resident population and now witnessing the early signs of socio-economic transformation. We propose a comparison with a case of art-based regeneration in another semi-peripheral neighbourhood of Milan, the Ortica district, specifically the Or.Me project. We study how the analyzed street art projects functioned, in the NoLo case, as a symbolic appropriation of the public space of the neighbourhood that bypassed its longtime residents and undermined their local urban commons, as a likely premise to future gentrification of the neighbourhood; in the Ortica case, we show instead how a community-based public art project in a similar context can foster social cohesion and improve a functional relation between the local community and its commons. We comment on how disregarding the political implications of artistic ‘beautification’ projects negatively impacts the social sustainability of art-driven urban renewal projects and delegitimizes the social credibility of public art as an anti-hegemonic practice.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 643-662
Issue: 4
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1990215
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1990215
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Reinout Kleinhans
Author-X-Name-First: Reinout
Author-X-Name-Last: Kleinhans
Author-Name: Enzo Falco
Author-X-Name-First: Enzo
Author-X-Name-Last: Falco
Author-Name: Ian Babelon
Author-X-Name-First: Ian
Author-X-Name-Last: Babelon
Title: Conditions for networked co-production through digital participatory platforms in urban planning
Abstract: 
 Contemporary urban development is increasingly characterized by collaboration and co-production between ‘experts’ and the ‘public’ in urban planning processes. Recently, local planning actors have adopted digital participatory platforms (DPPs) which are specifically built for networked engagement and collaboration purposes. However, the knowledge on embedding DPPs in wider planning dialogues is still limited and scattered. The aim of this paper is to provide a better understanding of the organizational conditions for the successful adoption and implementation of such networked co-production. Through a set of semi-structured interviews with representatives from public agencies and platform companies, we have analysed how organizational conditions for networked co-production manifest themselves in seven cases of DPP implementation. The analysis shows that these conditions are co-constitutive and co-evolutive rather than concurrent or sequential, with strong links between the compatibility of public agencies, attitudes to co-production, organizational cultures and incentives for co-production. The results critically emphasize the need to adopt holistic approaches to networked co-production, allowing for extensive experimentation and ‘learning by doing’.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 769-788
Issue: 4
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1998387
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1998387
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Donatella Cialdea
Author-X-Name-First: Donatella
Author-X-Name-Last: Cialdea
Author-Name: Chiara Pompei
Author-X-Name-First: Chiara
Author-X-Name-Last: Pompei
Title: An overview of the River Contract tool: new aims in planning and protected areas issues
Abstract: 
 The River Contract, as a new negotiated process, even if it is not yet clearly placed in the context of spatial planning tools, can play an important role in the improvement phases of territorial governance policies. River networks, which often cross urban spaces, can certainly be considered places of choice for the contemporary experimentation of territorial and local strategies. This paper analyses the different possibilities of acting on natural infrastructures, through the analysis of cases carried out in various European countries. This investigation led to the definition of recurring advantages and disadvantages in river planning application, expecially referring to the Italian national context for the Landscape Plan, a special planning tool for landscape issues, included waterways. Despite the disadvantages, the River Contract represents a concrete possibility of achieving landscape aims: this process, acting at different scales of intervention, could contribute to solving the complex system of relations between all the components involved.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 684-704
Issue: 4
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.2007523
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.2007523
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patricia Canelas
Author-X-Name-First: Patricia
Author-X-Name-Last: Canelas
Author-Name: Ben Clifford
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Clifford
Author-Name: Jessica Ferm
Author-X-Name-First: Jessica
Author-X-Name-Last: Ferm
Author-Name: Nicola Livingstone
Author-X-Name-First: Nicola
Author-X-Name-Last: Livingstone
Title: Hard, soft and thin governance spaces in land-use change: comparing office-to-residential conversions in England, Scotland and the Netherlands
Abstract: 
 In recent years, converting office buildings to residential use became a high-profile issue in the UK and in the Netherlands. There has, however, been differentiation in the policy response between England and Scotland (planning policy being devolved within the UK), and the Netherlands. We conceptualize this differentiation through the lens of variegated neoliberalism in the forms of hard, soft and thin governance spaces. England, where planning deregulation is more strongly adopted, represents a thin governance space. Scotland, where there has been little policy change, illustrates a hard governance space. The Netherlands represents a soft governance space, where proactive partnerships between government and developers predominate. This paper characterizes these distinct governance spaces and explores their impact on housing delivery and place-making, and the impact of underlying ideologies and planning culture(s) in governing office-to-residential conversions in the three countries. Drawing on national government assessments and statistics, interviews with stakeholders, and case study data from three cities: Leeds, Glasgow and Rotterdam, we conclude that while both hard and soft governance spaces, to different degrees and with different merits, are environments that enable planning, thin governance spaces – being driven more by ideology than notions of good governance – imply weak planning and place-making.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 725-743
Issue: 4
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1985084
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1985084
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Lukáš Novotný
Author-X-Name-First: Lukáš
Author-X-Name-Last: Novotný
Title: Effects of ‘Covidfencing’ on cross-border commuting: a case of Czech-German borderland
Abstract: 
 Cross-border commuters were faced with several problems during the Covid-19 pandemic. Borders were closed, strict checks were introduced thereon and their commuting and often working realities changed. This study focuses on how closed borders and border restrictions affected cross-border workers and their day-to-day work during the Covid-19 pandemic, how their trust in governments and regional municipalities in Czechia and Germany has changed as a result of covidfencing, and how measures during the Covid-19 pandemic changed commuters’ attitudes towards the EU, freedoms and the European single market. Theoretically, the study is rooted in the concept of cross-border integration and the research itself was conducted this spring in the form of semi-structured interviews among cross-border commuters. Research shows a criticism expressed by cross-border commuters towards the attitude of the Czech government and regional municipalities. The commuters argue that they merely use open borders and the opportunity to work within the EU, but that the Czech government and regions have disproportionately prevented them from doing so while turning public sentiment against them. According to them, it is disappointing that Czechia in particular has ignored the fact that they have valid employment contracts within the EU and are obliged to abide by them.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 590-607
Issue: 4
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1986470
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1986470
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Marilena Prisco
Author-X-Name-First: Marilena
Author-X-Name-Last: Prisco
Title: Seeing the city: interdisciplinary perspectives on the study of the urban
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 789-790
Issue: 4
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.2008105
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.2008105
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Simone Piras
Author-X-Name-First: Simone
Author-X-Name-Last: Piras
Author-Name: Paulina Tobiasz-Lis
Author-X-Name-First: Paulina
Author-X-Name-Last: Tobiasz-Lis
Author-Name: Margaret Currie
Author-X-Name-First: Margaret
Author-X-Name-Last: Currie
Author-Name: Karolina Dmochowska-Dudek
Author-X-Name-First: Karolina
Author-X-Name-Last: Dmochowska-Dudek
Author-Name: Dominic Duckett
Author-X-Name-First: Dominic
Author-X-Name-Last: Duckett
Author-Name: Andrew Copus
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Copus
Title: Spatial justice on the horizon? A combined Theory of Change scenario tool to assess place-based interventions
Abstract: 
 This paper presents a methodology to assess the internal and external coherence, and the robustness to future uncertainty, of place-based interventions addressing spatial (in)justice. The methodology merges elements of Theory of Change (ToC) and mechanism mapping with scenario planning. It was designed based on analysis of a range of European interventions (public policies and bottom-up initiatives), selected to highlight the ways spatial injustices have been tackled across different scales. The first phase of the methodology uses a ToC mechanism map to illustrate the logic of the intervention, including its baseline assumptions (internal) and contextual conditions (external). In the second phase, scenarios for the locality are developed based on potential states of global and local macro-trends, revealing how the contextual conditions are expected to change, and whether the intervention's baseline assumptions are likely to hold. This then allows the elaboration of spatial justice trajectories, and for the ToC mechanism map to be updated. To effectively illustrate the methodology, we show how it has been applied using a case study intervention implemented in a territorially disadvantaged area. We present the methodology as a flexible tool allowing detection of more general stylised facts, and spatial comparisons between a broad range of interventions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 952-973
Issue: 5
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1928057
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1928057
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: George Petrakos
Author-X-Name-First: George
Author-X-Name-Last: Petrakos
Author-Name: Lefteris Topaloglou
Author-X-Name-First: Lefteris
Author-X-Name-Last: Topaloglou
Author-Name: Ageliki Anagnostou
Author-X-Name-First: Ageliki
Author-X-Name-Last: Anagnostou
Author-Name: Victor Cupcea
Author-X-Name-First: Victor
Author-X-Name-Last: Cupcea
Title: Geographies of (in)justice and the (in)effectiveness of place-based policies in Greece
Abstract: 
 This paper investigates the policy context of spatial injustice in Greece. Given the polarized nature of the economy and the centralized structure of the public sector, the paper examines whether place-based policies that attempt to strengthen the local level and mobilize local assets would be better opt to deliver a fair and equitable distribution of socially valued resources and opportunities in space. In this context, the paper presents and discusses the findings of four case studies and four policy-driven actions related to the design and implementation of a post-lignite local strategy, the establishment of a credible innovation strategy in a metropolitan area, the development of social economy in a lagging region and the upscaling of local government in a medium-sized city. The case studies investigate the conditioning factors that encourage or obstruct the local level to implement effective place-based policies that can contribute to spatial justice. On this basis, the paper evaluates the capability of the current policy and institutional setting to generate spatial justice and provides policy recommendations that will empower the local level in confronting socio-economic challenges and unbalanced spatial growth.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 899-916
Issue: 5
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1928050
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1928050
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Thomas Borén
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Borén
Author-Name: Peter Schmitt
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Schmitt
Title: Knowledge and place-based development – towards networks of deep learning
Abstract: 
 The influential work by Barca on place-based development, which has permeated policy and academic discourses alike in recent years, builds on the premise that localities are expected to utilize their endogenous potential rather than placing their trust in redistributive policies. This endogenous potential involves local knowledge and place-based knowledge, and how these two types can tap into actions. This has barely been explored in a systematic and comparative manner. This paper therefore examines 20 urban and rural development actions across Europe in order to understand how, and the extent to which, local knowledge and place-based knowledge are mobilized (or not). It makes use of empirically informed evidence to identify evolving mechanisms and to analyse how learning loops are triggered. We argue that it is crucial for leading actors in such development actions to pay attention to these different mechanisms of mobilizing these two types of knowledge and how to trigger learning loops. Since this analysis also highlights a number of shortcomings and inhibitors regarding the extent to which these collective knowledge and learning capacities actually inform actions over time, the concept of ‘networks of deep learning’ is suggested as a knowledge management principle for key actors in local governance.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 825-842
Issue: 5
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1928042
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1928042
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Judit Keller
Author-X-Name-First: Judit
Author-X-Name-Last: Keller
Author-Name: Tünde Virág
Author-X-Name-First: Tünde
Author-X-Name-Last: Virág
Title: A drop in the sea or catalyst for change: diverse effects of the place-based approach in Europe
Abstract: 
 The place-based approach has been the guiding principle of EU policies for a decade. Building on the idea that place matters, the place-based narrative aims to promote local development and spatial justice through the utilization of local potentials and deliberative policy decisions. Institutional capacity for place-based action requires good quality governance and place leadership with transformative capacities. The domestic institutional environment can provide frames for the governance of local development by fostering local agency to (re)frame local issues and build coalitions across the horizontal spectrum and vertical scales. By focusing on the institutional processes of three place-based interventions, this comparative research paper maps out the ways domestic conditions can change parameters of place-specific institutional arrangements by influencing local agents’ capacities for coalition-building and deliberation. Based on the selected case studies of the RELOCAL project, we specifically study the evolution of local coalitions, the effects of different actors’ ambitions and commitment to development, and the process of planning and implementation through horizontal and vertical linkages.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 860-878
Issue: 5
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1928047
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1928047
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Viktoria Kamuf
Author-X-Name-First: Viktoria
Author-X-Name-Last: Kamuf
Author-Name: Sabine Weck
Author-X-Name-First: Sabine
Author-X-Name-Last: Weck
Title: Having a voice and a place: local youth driving urban development in an East German town under transformation
Abstract: 
 In small towns with ageing societies, the voices of the young often tend to get marginalized in local policy discourse. The paper explores how young people are trying to counter this trend through the creation of a self-organized youth and sociocultural centre in Görlitz, a town that suffered major transformation in the aftermath of German reunification. Görlitz also made national headlines when a Eurosceptic right-wing party gained a large share of votes in recent elections. In this context, it is quite surprising to see an initiative like the sociocultural centre emerge and grow into a relevant urban development player. By combining research on youth participation and spatial (in)justice, the paper argues in favour of the important role of youth as active drivers of local development and creators of less institutionalized platforms for democratic engagement. In transformation towns such as Görlitz, initiatives like the youth and sociocultural centre can be game changers in terms of countering spatial injustices by creating positive narratives over the town, fostering pluralistic public discourse, and preventing youth outmigration.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 935-951
Issue: 5
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1928055
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1928055
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Estelle Evrard
Author-X-Name-First: Estelle
Author-X-Name-Last: Evrard
Title: Reading EUropean borderlands under the perspective of legal geography and spatial justice
Abstract: 
 Recently, the notion of spatial justice has been discussed as a possible conceptual foundation for rethinking EU Cohesion Policy. While scholars have adopted a dual distributive and procedural understanding of spatial justice, the paper argues that, applied to cross-border areas, such a conceptualisation is challenged to explain how the border contributes to disparities. We argue that actively questioning the role of law is paramount for better examination of the dynamics within border areas. An understanding of spatial justice informed by legal geography allows examination of how law fosters and impedes movement across borders. The paper presents three recent examples where policy representatives from affected communities have fought to adapt legal provisions to cross-border spatiality. Whether such initiatives increased border communities' capacities to shape their own development (i.e. European Grouping of Territorial Cooperation) or not yet (i.e. co-development at the Lorraine-Luxembourg border; European Cross-Border Mechanism), these examples show that analysing EUropean borderlands as a spatio-legal category helps understanding of how space and law constantly struggle with one another, and how spatial justice emerges from a movement out of this conflict. The paper concludes by discussing the practical and conceptual implications of combining legal geography and spatial justice for analysing EU Borderlands.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 843-859
Issue: 5
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1928044
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1928044
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patrik Hämäläinen
Author-X-Name-First: Patrik
Author-X-Name-Last: Hämäläinen
Author-Name: Sarolta Németh
Author-X-Name-First: Sarolta
Author-X-Name-Last: Németh
Title: The Finnish way of CLLD: place-based or half-hearted implementation?
Abstract: 
 The European Commission proposed the community-led local development (CLLD) approach as a specific tool for place-based local development, offering a unique chance for an integrative use of European Structural and Investment Funds on a sub-regional level. But in Finland, as in most countries of the EU, the adoption of CLLD has so far been limited. Providing an insight into the rationales and the ways of reconfiguring the ‘original’ CLLD concept in Finland, this paper contributes to debates concerning a place-based approach to local development in the context of the European Union’s Cohesion Policy. It particularly addresses the persistent questions of what is gained and what is lost through adjusting a top-down policy instrument to diverse national and local situations? Despite its emphasis on a multi-scalar and cooperative application, the Finnish approach is by design mono-funded, remaining administratively and geographically distinct, and thus cannot serve as a truly integrated local development tool as envisioned by the EU. However, across governance scales and cross-cutting networks, processes of learning and policy negotiation have taken place, which are crucial in the creation of ‘place-based’ variants of the ‘European’ place-based approach.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 879-898
Issue: 5
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1928049
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1928049
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Linnea Löfving
Author-X-Name-First: Linnea
Author-X-Name-Last: Löfving
Author-Name: Viktoria Kamuf
Author-X-Name-First: Viktoria
Author-X-Name-Last: Kamuf
Author-Name: Timothy Heleniak
Author-X-Name-First: Timothy
Author-X-Name-Last: Heleniak
Author-Name: Sabine Weck
Author-X-Name-First: Sabine
Author-X-Name-Last: Weck
Author-Name: Gustaf Norlén
Author-X-Name-First: Gustaf
Author-X-Name-Last: Norlén
Title: Can digitalization be a tool to overcome spatial injustice in sparsely populated regions? The cases of Digital Västerbotten (Sweden) and Smart Country Side (Germany)
Abstract: 
 Many sparsely-populated regions in Europe are or perceive that they are left behind because of a reduced presence of public and private services in the area in comparison to more densely-populated urban areas. One solution that has been proposed to overcome issues of spatial injustice in these areas is the digitalization of public services. The use of new technologies can be a means to provide similar services in rural as in urban areas and to reduce costs. However, when services are becoming digitalized, in regions with ageing populations, spatial and social digital divides might increase. Could policies that deliberately involve local knowledge and stakeholders overcome such divides? This article analyses how far place-based strategies for the digitalization of services can overcome (perceptions of) spatial injustice in rural and sparsely-populated regions. It is based on findings from a Swedish and a German case study and raises the need to give more attention to social and organizational aspects in rural digitalization policies. We argue that place-based digitalization policies can make a difference if planned in a fair, transparent, and inclusive way and considering local communities’ perceptions of injustice.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 917-934
Issue: 5
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1928053
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1928053
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sabine Weck
Author-X-Name-First: Sabine
Author-X-Name-Last: Weck
Author-Name: Ali Madanipour
Author-X-Name-First: Ali
Author-X-Name-Last: Madanipour
Author-Name: Peter Schmitt
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Schmitt
Title: Place-based development and spatial justice
Abstract: 
 Within EU cohesion policy, a place-based approach is expected to promote a strategic shift towards more place-sensitive, cross-sectoral and socially inclusive development. These expectations are underlined in the new Territorial Agenda 2030, which highlights that a place-based approach is key to territorial cohesion and to overall efforts towards a just Europe. Drawing on findings from the Horizon 2020 project RELOCAL – Resituating the local in cohesion and territorial development – this special issue explores the relations between place-based development and spatial justice. It addresses the complex challenges of place-based interventions, such as the critical role of the national policy environment in explaining variegated outcomes, enabling place-based agency in peripheralised regions, and assessing impacts. In this editorial, we provide an introductory discussion of the relations between place-based development and spatial justice, as well as brief introductions to the nine papers. We argue that there are a number of distinctive locally and nationally anchored mechanisms and inhibitors at play, which academics, and particularly planning professionals and policy-makers, need to be aware of in working towards a just Europe. Hence, place-based interventions are a valuable contribution to the territorial cohesion approach of the EU, but in the quest for spatial justice they cannot replace a redistributive territorial cohesion policy.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 791-806
Issue: 5
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1928038
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1928038
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Ali Madanipour
Author-X-Name-First: Ali
Author-X-Name-Last: Madanipour
Author-Name: Mark Shucksmith
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Shucksmith
Author-Name: Elizabeth Brooks
Author-X-Name-First: Elizabeth
Author-X-Name-Last: Brooks
Title: The concept of spatial justice and the European Union’s territorial cohesion
Abstract: 
 Regional disparities and inequalities have been a key concern in the EU. This paper develops a concept of spatial justice to examine the European Union policy of territorial cohesion and its reforms. It identifies three key dimensions of spatial justice that distinguish it from social justice: spatiality, which draws attention to spatial aspects of justice; integration of distributive and procedural justice, which goes beyond this controversial dichotomy in social justice; and inclusion, which crosses the boundaries and addresses both inter-regional and intra-regional inequality. This concept of spatial justice is then used to analyse the EU's territorial cohesion approach, a turning point in cohesion policy focusing on spatial imbalances in an enlarged EU. Critical analysis of the seven treaties since 1951 and seven cohesion reports since 1996 shows that this spatial emphasis has been added to, rather than integrated with, social and economic cohesion. It moves from inter-regional redistribution to intra-regional development and from distributive to procedural concerns. Rather than integrating society and space, distributive and procedural justice, and inter-regional and intra-regional cohesion, it moves from one pole to the other. Therefore, its contribution to spatial justice has been limited, providing necessary but insufficient responses to spatial imbalances and social inequalities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 807-824
Issue: 5
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1928040
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1928040
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Oswald Devisch
Author-X-Name-First: Oswald
Author-X-Name-Last: Devisch
Author-Name: Majken Toftager Larsen
Author-X-Name-First: Majken Toftager
Author-X-Name-Last: Larsen
Author-Name: Teresa Palmieri
Author-X-Name-First: Teresa
Author-X-Name-Last: Palmieri
Author-Name: John Andersen
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersen
Title: Places For continuous learning on spatial planning issues – reflections on an experiment
Abstract: 
 Ever since the eighties, spatial planners have been approaching planning processes as learning processes. In this article we argue that such learning processes not only require a trajectory that helps groups to reflect in and on their actions, but also a trajectory that helps these groups to learn how to participate in such reflections. We refer to such a trajectory as a Place for Continuous Learning. The aim of the article is to explore how to develop such places. Over a period of 18 months, we conducted our own learning experiment and facilitated, on the one hand, three participatory processes in three European countries that each address the societal issue of retrofitting suburbia, and, on the other hand, organized a series of three Collective Learning Workshops in which we invited the main facilitators of these participatory processes to exchange experiences. Together these participatory processes and workshops made up our Place for Continuous Learning. The article first discusses the design of the experiment. It then summarizes the actual workshops and ends with formulating a number of principles on how to develop Places for Continuous Learning.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1074-1092
Issue: 6
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1919060
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1919060
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Eduardo Medeiros
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Medeiros
Title: Urban participatory planning approaches in capital cities: the Lisbon case
Abstract: 
 This paper assesses participatory urban planning in Lisbon, based on the ongoing urban development plan. The results of the qualitative analysis on the urban governance and participatory process covering a two-year period (2010–2012), in which the urban development plan was discussed, suggest a highly participatory urban planning process, involving not only individual citizens but also schools, NGOs, business, academia, surrounding municipalities and several other types of stakeholders. How far the common citizen influenced the development of the final version of the urban plan is, however, open for debate. On a positive note, there is clear evidence of institutional learning and democratic openness from the presented case, which can serve as a good example for other capital cities on how to organize urban planning participatory processes.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1144-1161
Issue: 6
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1973379
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1973379
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Patricia Simões Aelbrecht
Author-X-Name-First: Patricia
Author-X-Name-Last: Simões Aelbrecht
Author-Name: Quentin Stevens
Author-X-Name-First: Quentin
Author-X-Name-Last: Stevens
Author-Name: Sanjeev Kumar
Author-X-Name-First: Sanjeev
Author-X-Name-Last: Kumar
Title: European public space projects with social cohesion in mind: symbolic, programmatic and minimalist approaches
Abstract: 
 The last two decades have witnessed a growing commitment to European public space projects seeking to promote social cohesion. These projects are built on the premise that social cohesion is under threat from the increasing cultural and economic differences in contemporary cities, and that it should be promoted through public spaces. This paper examines the key commonalities and differences among these new public space projects, in terms of their social, economic and planning policy contexts, social goals, design aims, processes and outcomes, and their diverse representational and use needs. The paper characterizes three distinct open space design approaches – Symbolic, Programmatic and Minimalist – that governments and designers that have put forward as best practices to enhance social cohesion, which have all been applied in similar socio-cultural and urban contexts: multicultural, low-income neighbourhoods that are experiencing gentrification. By combining theories and methods from urban design and social sciences, this paper offers an assessment and comparison of the three case studies and their relative merits and limitations in terms of how they used public space design to support the divergent functional and representational needs of diverse social groups, and the common aim of enhancing cohesion among these groups.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1093-1123
Issue: 6
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1959902
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1959902
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Agnieszka Szpak
Author-X-Name-First: Agnieszka
Author-X-Name-Last: Szpak
Author-Name: Joanna Modrzyńska
Author-X-Name-First: Joanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Modrzyńska
Author-Name: Michał Dahl
Author-X-Name-First: Michał
Author-X-Name-Last: Dahl
Title: European cities, international relations and some popular connotations
Abstract: 
 Some cities have clear connotations: The Hague is regarded as the global capital of justice the Hague is regarded as the global capital of justice (sometimes of justice and peace), Brussels as the centre of the European Union (EU), transatlantic relations (NATO) and European diplomacy, and Geneva is closely associated with human rights (Human Rights Council), International Labor Organization (ILO) and humanitarian protection (International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent). The aim of this paper is to examine the correlation between the cities’ image/connotations and their position in international relations. Do such connotations increase cities’ influence? Has this image been planned and shaped by cities themselves or was it rather a coincidence? Or have other actors – i.e. foreign States cooperating with the host State (the latter means the nation-State of the city) – contributed to it? This research objective will be achieved through an analysis of municipal legislation and strategies exploiting these connotations and associations, and content analysis of the most representative literature. The authors will also take into account the relevant cities’ participation in cities’ networks (including the profiles of such networks) and the placement of headquarters of international organizations (governmental and non-governmental) in the cities in question.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1034-1054
Issue: 6
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1992357
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1992357
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Filipe Mello Rose
Author-X-Name-First: Filipe
Author-X-Name-Last: Mello Rose
Title: Activity types, thematic domains, and stakeholder constellations: explaining civil society involvement in Amsterdam’s smart city
Abstract: 
 Smart city development increasingly involves civil society stakeholders (CSS) because they constitute legitimate stakeholders concerning digitalized urban public goods. As users, however, CSS are involved because they improve smart city activities by providing tacit day-to-day knowledge. Distinguishing between socially and economically orientated CSS allows us to compare the involvement of legitimate stakeholders to user involvement and to unravel the factors influencing the involvement of CSS in smart city activities. For this, we build a framework that not only discerns between socially- and economically-orientated CSS but also distinguishes between three types of socio-technical factors that either limit or increase civil society involvement in smart city activities: (1) the activity’s type (2) the activity’s thematic domain, and (3) stakeholder constellations linked to the activity. Using chi-square-tests and logistic regressions we inquire into how the socio-technical factors defined in our framework influence the involvement of social and economic CSS in Amsterdam’s smart city activities. Our results show that the dominant thematic domains and the most common stakeholder constellations that characterize in Amsterdam’s smart city activities limit the involvement of social CSS. CSS involvement in smart city activities thus mainly entails the involvement of economically-orientated CSS.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 975-993
Issue: 6
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1914556
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1914556
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael Neuman
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Neuman
Author-Name: Camilla Perrone
Author-X-Name-First: Camilla
Author-X-Name-Last: Perrone
Author-Name: Alessandra Mossa
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Mossa
Title: Applied research by design: an experimental collaborative and interdisciplinary design charrette
Abstract: 
 This article reports on one experimental case of interdisciplinary collaboration on a design and planning exercise across several scales – local through urban to regional – and sectors – private, public, scholarly, and interest groups. The case is a collaborative and interdisciplinary design charrette on sustainable urbanism for envisioning the future of the Greater Metropolitan Area of Florence in Italy. The experiment entailed the attempt to integrate complex urban conditions via the design charrette in order to create more healthy and sustainable cities. This collaborative work shows how conditions that are at times not addressed comprehensively nor holistically can be combined through doing applied research by design; where design is understood as a process of discovery and creation that results in synthesis. The article details the methodology applied, and provides an initial assessment on the process that the charrette employed. Moreover, it highlights some professional and policy implications of the effort. Finally, it provides a provisional assessment on learning outcomes and addresses opportunities to improve future exercises of this nature.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1013-1033
Issue: 6
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1911956
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1911956
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Seppe De Blust
Author-X-Name-First: Seppe
Author-X-Name-Last: De Blust
Author-Name: Oswald Devisch
Author-X-Name-First: Oswald
Author-X-Name-Last: Devisch
Author-Name: Joke Vandenabeele
Author-X-Name-First: Joke
Author-X-Name-Last: Vandenabeele
Title: Learning to reflect collectively: how to create the right environment for discussing participatory planning practice?
Abstract: 
 Spatial planning as a field in continuous transition needs a way of working that allows for questioning its professional practice. In this paper, we focus on the design of 4-days long ‘studios’ for planning professionals that aim to reflect on new notions of democratic practice and participatory planning. During these studios, different methods to enhance a collective reflective attitude among participants were tested. The paper describes how the tutors of the studios tried to encourage participants to develop their own theory of practice by iteratively (re)designing the learning artefacts, learning content and learning modes of the studio. In the conclusions of this paper, we introduce the idea of a Participation Studio Conjecture Map to support and structure a culture of collective reflection-in (participatory planning) organizations.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1162-1181
Issue: 6
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.2014403
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.2014403
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Alessandra de Renzis
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandra
Author-X-Name-Last: de Renzis
Author-Name: Fabio Sforzi
Author-X-Name-First: Fabio
Author-X-Name-Last: Sforzi
Title: Italy, the fair land there where the Sì doth sound: when the places take revenge
Abstract: 
 This article provides empirical evidence on the determinants of the vote in favour of reducing the number of the Members of Parliament, the issue covered by Italy’s referendum held on 20–21 September 2020. Consistent with the literature on the geography of discontent, the social factors – age, education and income – play a significant role. Among the determinants, however, the political factor stands out, namely the vote for the Five Star Movement in the 2018 elections. This study applies a place-based approach, in which the unit of analysis is the Local Labour System, a socio-economic territorial unit that embeds the vote in the places where people’s lives actually occur. Therefore, local communities become protagonists of the vote, which in this occurrence, is an anti-political-establishment vote because they feel left behind by policy and politics.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1055-1073
Issue: 6
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1917524
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1917524
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Huong Thu Nguyen
Author-X-Name-First: Huong Thu
Author-X-Name-Last: Nguyen
Author-Name: Pilar Marques
Author-X-Name-First: Pilar
Author-X-Name-Last: Marques
Title: The promise of living labs to the Quadruple Helix stakeholders: exploring the sources of (dis)satisfaction
Abstract: 
 Despite the normative view that Quadruple Helix collaborations (with government, academia, industry and civil society) such as living labs are prescribed to enhance regional innovation performance, there is scarce knowledge of the sustainability of such collaborations from the perspective of the stakeholders who are supposed to engage in such initiatives. To address this gap, the purpose of this paper is to empirically explore the implementation of the Quadruple Helix for innovation from a stakeholder perspective, by understanding the expectations as well as the perceived benefits and challenges of the collaboration. Through a qualitative research design, this paper presents an in-depth case study of a living lab in the region of Catalonia. Our results challenge the normative view of Quadruple Helix approaches and of living labs; we also offer suggestions to manage future collaborations and to inform further evidence-based policy. On the whole, partnership leadership and coordination are critical to bridge the expectation-implementation gap towards stakeholder satisfaction and collaboration sustainability.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1124-1143
Issue: 6
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1968798
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1968798
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Erik Eriksson
Author-X-Name-First: Erik
Author-X-Name-Last: Eriksson
Author-Name: Amira Fredriksson
Author-X-Name-First: Amira
Author-X-Name-Last: Fredriksson
Author-Name: Josefina Syssner
Author-X-Name-First: Josefina
Author-X-Name-Last: Syssner
Title: Opening the black box of participatory planning: a study of how planners handle citizens’ input
Abstract: 
 Citizen dialogues and other participatory practices are basically the norm in contemporary spatial planning. Nonetheless, what happens to citizen input after it has been collected – how it is handled and utilized by planners in the continuation of the planning process – has been described as a ‘black box’, where most stakeholders lack insight. The aim of this explorative study is to open this black box and examine how citizen input is handled by local planning professionals. This practice lacks a common language and form among the studied municipalities, but the analysis reveals that it takes the form of a ‘sorting process’ in which input is categorized, evaluated and structured in preparation for its integration into final plans. The paper outlines the basic logics and considerations that guide this sorting process, and distinguishes between two modes, which have been termed ‘inclusive’ and ‘selective’ sorting. These modes determine how input is categorized and assessed. The analysis indicates that multiple micro-decisions are made throughout the sorting process, and that these decisions influence the input that reaches formal decision-making bodies, and in what form. The results reveal the power exercised by municipal planning actors and how they affect the destiny of the received citizen input.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 994-1012
Issue: 6
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1895974
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1895974
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Vanessa Iceri
Author-X-Name-First: Vanessa
Author-X-Name-Last: Iceri
Author-Name: Sylvie Lardon
Author-X-Name-First: Sylvie
Author-X-Name-Last: Lardon
Title: Circularity in territories: analyzing the dynamics of collective actions in food systems
Abstract: 
 Renewed attention to the ecological limits of the planet has engendered a movement towards collective actions within the food system. This article questions ways to comprehend the nonlinear dynamics in a territory and to make the moving objects of the territory more intelligible through their circularities and interconnections. Using examples from two collective food actions studied in Brazil and France, we present an approach to circularity analysis. We identify seven circularities in the interactions among elements of the food systems studied. The socio-spatial organization of the collective action links and organizes these elements through a dialectical expression of anchorage, openness, innovation, and tradition. Taking account of circularities can improve our understanding of the complexity of territorial moving objects, such as collective actions, and help render that knowledge intelligible for local actors. This can increase the value of their activities, encourage new activities and improve their impact on the territory.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1292-1310
Issue: 7
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1901857
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1901857
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Amélie Gonçalves
Author-X-Name-First: Amélie
Author-X-Name-Last: Gonçalves
Author-Name: Danielle Galliano
Author-X-Name-First: Danielle
Author-X-Name-Last: Galliano
Author-Name: Pierre Triboulet
Author-X-Name-First: Pierre
Author-X-Name-Last: Triboulet
Title: Eco-innovations towards circular economy: evidence from case studies of collective methanization in France
Abstract: 
 Facilitating the circulation of resources and knowledge in territories is a key dimension in the transition to a circular economy. The purpose of this article is to identify the factors and dynamics of development of circularity at meso-economic level through the study of the eco-innovations on which it is based. We study collective methanization projects in the South-West of France. We use a mixed method, ‘quantified narrative method’ to characterize the development process of the projects via the nature of the resources mobilized and how they have been acquired. The analysis of the 167 resources mobilized highlights technological and organizational eco-innovation dynamics that support the development of circular economy in rural areas. Our results confirm the role of three eco-innovation factors: local resources, sectoral and institutional environments, i.e. place-based and extra-local factors. They also highlight the importance and interdependence of local and regional networks of project leaders, institutional actors and market actors. The construction of circularity results in exchanges between the agricultural and energy sectors, which intensify throughout the projects, thus reinforcing the effects of related variety. However, this circularity remains incomplete and could be reinforced through public policies designed to help these projects gain a stronger foothold.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1230-1250
Issue: 7
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1902947
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1902947
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Michael C. Aquilina
Author-X-Name-First: Michael C.
Author-X-Name-Last: Aquilina
Author-Name: William R. Sheate
Author-X-Name-First: William R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Sheate
Title: A critical analysis of the role of the urban climate resilience nexus in London
Abstract: 
 Although London boasts ambitious climate resilience (CR) targets, implementation has so far been unconvincing, in part due to a lack of integration between policy areas. Nexus thinking focuses on the interlinkages between policy areas to overcome silos which inhibit policy integration. Green infrastructure, sustainable transport and urban form can all result in CR, however an integrated approach to these areas is not evident in the London context. This article explores their role through a nexus lens, the urban climate resilience (UCR) nexus, by focusing on policy implementation in the Boroughs of Greenwich and Southwark. The research is two-tiered, firstly, through policy analysis, used to understand how current policy performs in relation to the UCR nexus, as well as informing the second phase of semi-structured expert interviews to investigate the structures in place to deliver policy. Despite little evidence of nexus thinking, London does have innovative solutions to policy integration, particularly through sustainable transport projects. However, Greenwich and Southwark demonstrate resource and governance issues that inhibit delivery. Nexus thinking can be the catalyst to support delivery; although more innovative approaches to valuation methods, partnership delivery, monitoring and evidence are imperative if the UCR nexus is to be harnessed to deliver CR.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1355-1377
Issue: 7
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1958758
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1958758
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Juan R. Gallego-Bono
Author-X-Name-First: Juan R.
Author-X-Name-Last: Gallego-Bono
Author-Name: MaríaR. Tapia-Baranda
Author-X-Name-First: MaríaR.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tapia-Baranda
Title: Industrial ecology and sustainable change: inertia and transformation in Mexican agro-industrial sugarcane clusters
Abstract: 
 This article explores the capacity of industrial ecology to generate sustainable development in Latin America’s agro-industrial clusters. An evolutionary analytical approach is outlined, which is used to study Veracruz’s (Mexico) sugarcane cluster through a qualitative methodology. Our goal is to show that social innovation is key to promoting the sustainable development of clusters characterized by fragmented social, power, and innovation networks. Accordingly, innovations in the realm of industrial ecology often have a dual impact. On the one hand, in the dominant network, industrial ecology is reduced to its technological dimensions within a political-economic framework constrained by its external insertion and the maintenance of power dynamics. On the other hand, industrial ecology is a vehicle for a kind of Schumpeterian entrepreneurship driven by the core values of trust, transparency, acknowledgement of other people’s capabilities, and non-discrimination. This new transformative network promotes true socio-technical change by enhancing local resources and involving other intermediate actors. It also creates a localized agro-food system that promotes the development of cluster-based dynamics in the territory through radical innovations in industrial ecology. The article presents a new way of inserting industrial ecology into the dynamics of cluster-based organizations.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1271-1291
Issue: 7
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1869186
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1869186
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Pauline Marty
Author-X-Name-First: Pauline
Author-X-Name-Last: Marty
Author-Name: Sabrina Dermine-Brullot
Author-X-Name-First: Sabrina
Author-X-Name-Last: Dermine-Brullot
Author-Name: Sophie Madelrieux
Author-X-Name-First: Sophie
Author-X-Name-Last: Madelrieux
Author-Name: Julie Fleuet
Author-X-Name-First: Julie
Author-X-Name-Last: Fleuet
Author-Name: Philippe Lescoat
Author-X-Name-First: Philippe
Author-X-Name-Last: Lescoat
Title: Transformation of socioeconomic metabolism due to development of the bioeconomy: the case of northern Aube (France)
Abstract: 
 This article presents the results of an ongoing research project on production and allocation of the biomass of agricultural origin (BAO), a key resource in ecological and energy transitions. The production and allocation of BAO are changing under the current development of the bioeconomy, which is the narrative promoted for intensifying the use of BAO, that we question through the lens of the scientific paradigm of bioeconomics. We developed a metabolic approach to agriculture, that we applied to the case study of northern Aube (France), an area specialized in intensive crop farming, undergoing rapid development of agricultural biogas production. Our results indicate that the ongoing changes influence BAO production and allocation at several scales (farm, small collective of farms, value chain, territorial). Development of the bioeconomy strongly influences the socioeconomic metabolism of the territory’s agriculture. Diversion of BAO flows due to biogas production are increasing structural imbalances and have some negative impacts on flows and ecological or economic funds strategic for sustainability, agronomic and economic balances of agricultural activities at multiple scales and as a whole. The changes described are especially disruptive since they strengthen competition and have blocking effects for the existing and potential agricultural metabolism.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1212-1229
Issue: 7
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1889475
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1889475
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Publishers’ Note
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1399-1399
Issue: 7
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2081015
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2081015
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Wolfgang Schwarzbauer
Author-X-Name-First: Wolfgang
Author-X-Name-Last: Schwarzbauer
Author-Name: Philipp Koch
Author-X-Name-First: Philipp
Author-X-Name-Last: Koch
Author-Name: Martin Wolf
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Wolf
Title: Park & Ride facilities and suburban sprawl
Abstract: 
 This study investigates the effects of Park & Ride (P&R) facilities, which aim to increase the attractiveness of commuting by public transport, on population growth in suburban areas. We employ a difference-in-differences approach to parking capacity extensions of seven P&R facilities outside the central business district of the city of Vienna between 2012 and 2016. Specifically, using fine-grained grid population data, we compare population growth in close distance to the P&R facility to population growth in surrounding municipalities. We find that the expansion of a P&R facility, which is located at least 20 min away from a main public transport station in Vienna, causes population growth of, on average, 1.6–1.9% in neighbouring municipalities compared to those where the P&R facility is located. This accounts for up to 15% of the total population growth in the respective regions between 2008 and 2019 and highlights the role of P&R facilities in fostering suburbanization and the suburban sprawl.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1378-1398
Issue: 7
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1998384
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1998384
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sonia Veyssière
Author-X-Name-First: Sonia
Author-X-Name-Last: Veyssière
Author-Name: Blandine Laperche
Author-X-Name-First: Blandine
Author-X-Name-Last: Laperche
Author-Name: Corinne Blanquart
Author-X-Name-First: Corinne
Author-X-Name-Last: Blanquart
Title: Territorial development process based on the circular economy: a systematic literature review
Abstract: 
 Our purpose is to examine the link between circular economy (CE) and territorial development in the literature. Works on CE most often deal with its integration within firms’ strategies. The link between CE and the territorial development process (TDP) is more rarely studied. We define the TDP through the interaction between three key dimensions: coordination modalities between the stakeholders, institutional factors, and the resources generated in the process. Using a systematic literature review our aim is to understand, through the occurrences of those dimensions in the 265 papers selected, whether or not and how the issue of the TDP is addressed. Our first result is that a part of the literature on CE often focuses on one or two of the three key dimensions identified. The second result is to highlight several forms of interactions between the key dimensions, illustrating that CE can imply different types of TDPs.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1192-1211
Issue: 7
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1873917
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1873917
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Maarit Särkilahti
Author-X-Name-First: Maarit
Author-X-Name-Last: Särkilahti
Author-Name: Maria Åkerman
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Åkerman
Author-Name: Ari Jokinen
Author-X-Name-First: Ari
Author-X-Name-Last: Jokinen
Author-Name: Jukka Rintala
Author-X-Name-First: Jukka
Author-X-Name-Last: Rintala
Title: Temporal challenges of building a circular city district through living-lab experiments
Abstract: 
 Urban living lab (ULL) experiments are expected to create grounds for circular city transitions but their temporal dynamics remain understudied. This study investigates the linkages of a particular sanitation experiment to a long-term urban development trajectories in the Hiedanranta ULL in the City of Tampere, Finland. The ethnographical study focuses on the temporal matches and mismatches of three interrelated timescales affecting the transformative potential of the experiment: (1) the experiment’s life cycle, (2) the brownfield ULL and (3) the formal land-use planning of the future city district. Temporal analysis showed that the creation of transformative capacity requires a long development trajectory beyond a single experiment. In this case, the long-term development of R&D networks and the persistence and maturation of the ULL with its variety of co-developing experiments enabled experiment implementation; changed the city’s sustainability discourse; and nurtured prominent cross-sectoral initiative of a super block. However, further implementation of ULL innovations in urban planning has proven to be difficult without a clear orchestrator. Practical recommendations highlight the need to clarify the strategic role of the ULL in experimental governance, transparent ULL processes that support learning, and overcoming transition barriers in the rigid infrastructure sector.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1333-1354
Issue: 7
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1965963
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1965963
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Halime Güher Tan
Author-X-Name-First: Halime Güher
Author-X-Name-Last: Tan
Title: Revealing the circularities in farmers’ market networked infrastructure of Western Anatolia
Abstract: 
 The research goal herein was to characterize the innovations on which the building of circularities in the Western Anatolian Farmers’ Market Network was founded. In other words, rather than new circular economy research, this is the revelation and reconstruction of a highly networked food infrastructure that has been a locally rooted activity in daily life for centuries in different geographies, in different spatial and social forms, which neoliberal agricultural and marketing policies have recently attempted to displace. With this research, the nature of the food chain of these market territories, and the characteristics of their creators, were analysed in order to reveal how it transforms the physical and social territory. It was sought to explore and reveal the internal and external dynamics that form and foster the circularities while investigating the food network. This article attempted to contribute to discussions on ‘circularities in territories’ in the context of Western Anatolia. The main focus was on the farmers’ market networked infrastructure of the Küçük and Büyük Menderes River Basins due to their intertwined relationship with territories, rich product range, and deeply rooted market network. Farmers’ markets were inspected using the six ReSOLVE action plans.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1311-1332
Issue: 7
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1960278
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1960278
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Amadou Niang
Author-X-Name-First: Amadou
Author-X-Name-Last: Niang
Author-Name: André Torre
Author-X-Name-First: André
Author-X-Name-Last: Torre
Author-Name: Sébastien Bourdin
Author-X-Name-First: Sébastien
Author-X-Name-Last: Bourdin
Title: Territorial governance and actors’ coordination in a local project of anaerobic digestion. A social network analysis
Abstract: 
 Biogas is a process for producing renewable energy, which has recently gained interest in contributing to a territorial strategy for the deployment of the circular economy. The projects, which are collective in nature, bring together multiple actors or local stakeholders from a wide variety of backgrounds. The article proposes to analyze the territorial governance of this type of project by studying the relations of synergy and cooperation between stakeholders in the case study of the Syndicat Mixte du Point Fort (SMPF) of Cavigny (France). The results of the analysis of interaction and coordination networks show that local stakeholders develop dense relational networks that vary throughout the project. This high density is indicative of the importance of group cohesion in interactions, which is necessary to create a framework of trust and consultation that favours the success of territorial renewable energy projects. The measure of centrality of the interacting actors shows that the project leader (SMPF) plays the role of assembler and facilitator of the interaction networks facilitating the sharing of flows, knowledge, and collective learning.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1251-1270
Issue: 7
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1891208
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1891208
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Sebastien Bourdin
Author-X-Name-First: Sebastien
Author-X-Name-Last: Bourdin
Author-Name: Danielle Galliano
Author-X-Name-First: Danielle
Author-X-Name-Last: Galliano
Author-Name: Amélie Gonçalves
Author-X-Name-First: Amélie
Author-X-Name-Last: Gonçalves
Title: Circularities in territories: opportunities & challenges
Abstract: 
 The circular economy is a new economic model that breaks with the linear model. It is more respectful of the environment and is often presented as an opportunity for sustainable development. From a literature review on this issue, the objective of our article is to focus on the territorial dimension of the circular economy. We present the main issues for future research on territorial innovations, territorial embeddedness, resources and sustainability of circularity.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1183-1191
Issue: 7
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1973174
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1973174
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Elisabetta Vitale Brovarone
Author-X-Name-First: Elisabetta
Author-X-Name-Last: Vitale Brovarone
Title: Accessibility and mobility in peripheral areas: a national place-based policy
Abstract: 
 Rural and peripheral areas, however, defined, suffer from accessibility and mobility problems that challenge their liveability and potential for development. To cope with these challenges, it is necessary to acknowledge and address the spatial, societal, cultural and economic components of accessibility, with comprehensive action involving actors from various sectors at different scales. The Italian National Strategy for Inner Areas, aimed to reverse marginalization processes of rural peripheral areas with a place-based approach, is moving in this direction. This article analyses and discusses how the strategy aims to address accessibility and mobility, in principle and in practice. To this aim, document analysis of the general documents and guidelines of the SNAI and 50 local strategies is combined with qualitative insights from interviews and participant observation. The analysis shows the scope and approach of the strategy and points out a number of criticalities and pitfalls challenging its potential. The results can contribute to inform research, policymaking and planning to improve accessibility in European peripheral areas, taking stock of the potentialities and limitations of this experience.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1444-1463
Issue: 8
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1894098
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1894098
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Florian Guérin
Author-X-Name-First: Florian
Author-X-Name-Last: Guérin
Author-Name: Magali de Raphélis
Author-X-Name-First: Magali
Author-X-Name-Last: de Raphélis
Author-Name: Sandra Mallet
Author-X-Name-First: Sandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Mallet
Title: Night-time as a strategic referent for an intermediary city: between attractiveness and standardization of the uses
Abstract: 
 This article analyses the nocturnal dimension to the Reims Grand Centre project. It brings out a shift in approach by those involved in urban design, with an increased sensitivity to nocturnal matters. This provides a way of improving user comfort and developing new evening and night-time usages. Nevertheless, this attention to the nocturnal dimension is incomplete, seeking to make places more attractive only to certain parts of the population, leading to various pre-existing usages being displaced or pushed out, thereby increasing social and behavioural normativity.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1401-1420
Issue: 8
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1877260
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1877260
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Rafael Rossetto Ribeiro
Author-X-Name-First: Rafael
Author-X-Name-Last: Rossetto Ribeiro
Author-Name: Gislaine Elizete Beloto
Author-X-Name-First: Gislaine Elizete
Author-X-Name-Last: Beloto
Title: Diagrams as a comparative tool to understand the territorial evolution of port city regions
Abstract: 
 Theoretical models point to the occurrence of common and recurrent stages in several port city regions around the world, which have associated the evolution of port-related activities with the process of urban territory transformation. In order to understand the role of port-related activities in framing the urban territory, we conducted a spatiotemporal comparative analysis of two port city regions with contrasting settings. The first involves the European city of Dublin in Ireland, while the second concerns the South American city of Vitória on the coast of Brazil. Morphologic diagrams were used as generalizing tools in order to simplify the representation of the urban territory into structures, and also to facilitate the interpretation and comparison between the two cities. This study-based comparative analysis shows that the dissociation between city and port is dependent on the territorial scale of the analysis, as well as the context the city was formed prior to port establishment. On the other hand, the reassociation between city and port is based on the constitution of new centres beyond the traditional urban centre. Moreover, the use of diagrams proved to be capable of connecting quantitative and qualitative approaches, helping to identify common forms and structures, and historical-cultural patterns.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1514-1528
Issue: 8
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1935493
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1935493
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Piotr Jankowski
Author-X-Name-First: Piotr
Author-X-Name-Last: Jankowski
Author-Name: Kirsi Forss
Author-X-Name-First: Kirsi
Author-X-Name-Last: Forss
Author-Name: Michał Czepkiewicz
Author-X-Name-First: Michał
Author-X-Name-Last: Czepkiewicz
Author-Name: Heli Saarikoski
Author-X-Name-First: Heli
Author-X-Name-Last: Saarikoski
Author-Name: Maarit Kahila
Author-X-Name-First: Maarit
Author-X-Name-Last: Kahila
Title: Assessing impacts of PPGIS on urban land use planning: evidence from Finland and Poland
Abstract: 
 Knowledge on when, where and how Public Participation Geographic Information Systems (PPGIS) influence planning decisions has been spotty and incomplete. To fill the gap, we assessed the influence of public land use preferences, obtained through PPGIS, on selected land use planning cases in Finland and Poland. The selected cases ranged in scale from a neighbourhood to an entire city and involved two types of online PPGIS tools: an interactive map-based questionnaire and a map-based discussion platform. The assessment was based on a qualitative framework organizing potential drivers of the planning process into convening, process and outcome aspects. The assessments results show high number and diversity of participants, the use of PPGIS in the beginning of the planning process, and the quality of PPGIS data representing public land use preferences may influence the content of planning documents. Conversely, a mismatch between plan scope and citizen concerns, legal framework constraints, lack of coordination between overlapping participatory and decision-making processes, and low representativeness of PPGIS data diminish the influence of PPGIS on planning decisions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1529-1548
Issue: 8
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1882393
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1882393
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Xuefei Ren
Author-X-Name-First: Xuefei
Author-X-Name-Last: Ren
Title: Transnational architecture and urbanism: rethinking how cities plan, transform, and learn
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1615-1616
Issue: 8
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1966867
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1966867
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Erica Eneqvist
Author-X-Name-First: Erica
Author-X-Name-Last: Eneqvist
Author-Name: Jessica Algehed
Author-X-Name-First: Jessica
Author-X-Name-Last: Algehed
Author-Name: Christian Jensen
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Jensen
Author-Name: Andrew Karvonen
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Karvonen
Title: Legitimacy in municipal experimental governance: questioning the public good in urban innovation practices
Abstract: 
 Urban experiments, living labs and testbeds have emerged as influential approaches to governing cities around the world. Experimental governance allows stakeholders to trial possible futures and to embrace creativity and innovation in the pursuit of sustainability goals. Experiments are often conducted through triple helix partnerships that favour informal and distributed actions. This is a significant departure from traditional urban development processes that are informed by well-defined processes executed by public authorities to ensure the public good and are legitimated by citizens. In this paper, we investigate this tension between experimental governance and public sector legitimacy by focusing on experimental practices in two Swedish municipalities, Stockholm and Gothenburg. We gathered data through a desk-based study, participant observations and semi-structured interviews with municipal actors to investigate the input, throughput and output legitimacy of municipalities in experimental governance. The findings indicate that municipalities emphasise actions and results from experiments, while de-emphasising reflection and attention to democratic procedures and protection of the public good. The focus on legitimacy reveals the fragmented and instrumental practices of experimental governance and a deficit in organizational capacity with potential detrimental impacts on legitimacy.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1596-1614
Issue: 8
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.2015749
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.2015749
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Teresa Marat-Mendes
Author-X-Name-First: Teresa
Author-X-Name-Last: Marat-Mendes
Author-Name: Patrícia Bento d’Almeida
Author-X-Name-First: Patrícia Bento
Author-X-Name-Last: d’Almeida
Author-Name: João Cunha Borges
Author-X-Name-First: João Cunha
Author-X-Name-Last: Borges
Title: Concepts and definitions for a sustainable planning transition: lessons from moments of change
Abstract: 
 Urban agendas are struggling to challenge conventional planning paradigms, to improve environmental, economic, and social conditions in cities and meet sustainability goals. Such problems call for a critique of existing planning structures, which determine how planners and urban designers work, and thus condition cities themselves. While it is widely acknowledged that descriptive or paradigmatic urban concepts have multiplied in recent years and play a part in shaping development strategies, it is unclear that they reach the desired outcomes. This paper addresses this gap in the case of Portugal, seeking to compare two specific periods of Portuguese planning history: the 1960s and nowadays. For different reasons, both moments urged urban planners and designers to seek urban change. We retrieve key concepts and definitions to call for an observation of how planning at each of those time-periods approached social, political, environmental, and economic challenges. By observing such paradigmatic changes, we aim to identify their advantages and limitations for current urban policies, while gathering eventual lessons for spatial planning to handling the need for a sustainable transition.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1421-1443
Issue: 8
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1894095
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1894095
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: N. Gokce Tufekci
Author-X-Name-First: N. Gokce
Author-X-Name-Last: Tufekci
Author-Name: Kerem Yavuz Arslanli
Author-X-Name-First: Kerem Yavuz
Author-X-Name-Last: Arslanli
Title: Analysis of high streets of Istanbul: a proposal for strategic management approach
Abstract: 
 This paper analyses the high streets of Istanbul within the context of high street management through four dimensions of location and movement, physical fabric, real estate & land use and exchange, and suggests a comprehensive approach to manage these commercial axes. While analysing the chosen study areas of Istiklal Street, Bagdat Street and Nisantasi District under the given topics, this paper makes use of analyses regarding transportation network, footfall, commercial and non-commercial use, prime rental values, besides a literature review to have an understanding towards the nature of each case study area. The results imply that despite their differences, all three study areas face certain issues that point out the lack of comprehensive strategic approaches to their management. Towards the high streets of Istanbul, this paper proposes a management approach embracing three main goals: (1) to constitute a brand image, (2) to decrease the vulnerability against macroeconomic factors and (3) to maintain vitality and viability of these axes. To overcome the complexities regarding management issues, this paper suggests an organizational and institutional approach, dedicated to considering the interests of all users on high streets.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1464-1492
Issue: 8
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1921119
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1921119
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Francesco Cappellano
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco
Author-X-Name-Last: Cappellano
Author-Name: Teemu Makkonen
Author-X-Name-First: Teemu
Author-X-Name-Last: Makkonen
Author-Name: Nicola Francesco Dotti
Author-X-Name-First: Nicola Francesco
Author-X-Name-Last: Dotti
Author-Name: Arnault Morisson
Author-X-Name-First: Arnault
Author-X-Name-Last: Morisson
Author-Name: Annalisa Rizzo
Author-X-Name-First: Annalisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Rizzo
Title: Where innovation meets directionality: an index to measure regional readiness to deal with societal challenges
Abstract: 
 The growing interest in addressing societal challenges is changing research and innovation policy dynamics. However, a challenge-oriented approach requires specific public sector capacities to coordinate and provide directionality, while having an innovation ecosystem with sufficient scientific and technological capabilities to address the grand societal challenges effectively. From this perspective, a challenge-oriented policy is not a one-size-fits-all approach, and the literature has only recently started investigating the territorial differences. The current paper proposes a composite index to assess REgional Societal Challenges-Oriented REadiness (RE-SCORE). An exploratory experimental application is conducted to examine and compare Italian regions facing four selected societal challenges (SCs): bioeconomy, climate change, health and inclusive, innovative and reflective societies. The findings show that the Italian regional readiness to address SCs is highly heterogeneous, going beyond the ‘traditional’ North-South divide. The index allows us to benchmark regional capacities for comparative analysis and to identify possible interregional synergies around specific SCs. This approach could be used in other European countries and at the European level to assess the regional readiness to tackle SCs.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1549-1576
Issue: 8
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1976114
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1976114
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Hossam Hewidy
Author-X-Name-First: Hossam
Author-X-Name-Last: Hewidy
Author-Name: Johanna Lilius
Author-X-Name-First: Johanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Lilius
Title: In the blind spot: ethnic retailing in Helsinki and the spontaneous placemaking of abandoned spaces
Abstract: 
 Currently, hypermarkets represent most of the Finnish retail property stock leading to the dwindling of small mainstream retail. Accordingly, many retail premises have been left vacant at the old shopping centres in suburbia. Ethnic retailing has remarkably impacted the urban landscape of the city of Helsinki and spontaneously converted such abundant premises into livable agglomerations, which has contributed to placemaking. The aim of this paper is to study ethnic retailing through two case studies in Helsinki, with an explicit focus on its role in placemaking and the response of urban planning to the phenomenon. The case studies do not report success in planning for diversity. On the contrary, urban renewal policy threatens the existence of two successful agglomerations. The contribution of this paper is threefold. First, it demonstrates that ethnic retailing has a structured capacity to deal with market impacts, and the clustering of intercultural entrepreneurship supports its success. Second, the empirical work showed that factors related to space and its usage are already discussed in the theoretical work on placemaking. Third, it argues that the rigid boundaries of planning have prevented the city from perceiving the potential of ethnic retailing and placemaking remains in a blind spot.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1493-1513
Issue: 8
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1932763
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1932763
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Author-Name: David Grandadam
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Grandadam
Author-Name: Patrick Cohendet
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick
Author-X-Name-Last: Cohendet
Author-Name: Raphaël Suire
Author-X-Name-First: Raphaël
Author-X-Name-Last: Suire
Title: Building and nurturing grassroots innovation: A policy framework based on the local commons
Abstract: 
 Innovation policies are increasingly questioned by researchers and policymakers in the face of the changing economy and with regards to the role played by local grassroots initiatives in driving structural change at the regional level. This paper aims to enrich existing policy frameworks by emphasizing the notion of local commons as a means to drive local innovation dynamics. Building on this latter concept, two policies are presented to supplement existing policy agendas: community-based policies and experience-based policies. The paper argues that these two types of policies may offer complementary ways to assist local communities in local discovery processes, thus opening new paths for inclusive growth and development.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1577-1595
Issue: 8
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1998385
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1998385
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# input file: CEPS_A_1833842_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220804T044749 git hash: 24b08f8188
Author-Name: Luciana Lazzeretti
Author-X-Name-First: Luciana
Author-X-Name-Last: Lazzeretti
Author-Name: Stefania Oliva
Author-X-Name-First: Stefania
Author-X-Name-Last: Oliva
Title: Exploring the marriage between fashion and ‘Made in Italy’ and the key role of G.B. Giorgini
Abstract: 
 The first high fashion show organized in Florence in 1951 represented an important event for the development of the Italian fashion sector, increasing the importance of the fashion industry in international trade. Research in economic business history has identified this period as crucial for the advent of the ‘Made in Italy’ label. The article aims to understand if and how the high fashion shows organized in Florence between 1951 and 1967 influenced the emergence of the Italian fashion industry and the concept of ‘Made in Italy’. Supported by data collected from the historical archive ‘Italian Fashion Archive of Giovanni Battista Giorgini’ and three online archives of digitalized books and newspapers, the analysis sheds light on the perception of the national and international press on the cultural phenomena of Italian fashion and ‘Made in Italy’. Results reveal an increasing trend in the frequency of terms related to the Italian fashion industry coinciding with the years of the Florentine events. The analysis evidences the crucial role of the entrepreneurial activity of Giovanni Battista Giorgini, buyer and organizer of the first Italian high fashion show in Florence, for the emergence of the Italian fashion industry and ‘Made in Italy’.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1717-1735
Issue: 9
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1833842
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1833842
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# input file: CEPS_A_1959901_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220804T044749 git hash: 24b08f8188
Author-Name: Etienne Capron
Author-X-Name-First: Etienne
Author-X-Name-Last: Capron
Author-Name: Dominique Sagot-Duvauroux
Author-X-Name-First: Dominique
Author-X-Name-Last: Sagot-Duvauroux
Author-Name: Raphaël Suire
Author-X-Name-First: Raphaël
Author-X-Name-Last: Suire
Title: Anatomy of a techno-creative community – the role of brokers, places, and events in the emergence of projection mapping in Nantes
Abstract: 
 This article aims to study the role of brokers, places, and events in the structuring of a community of innovation whose practice is at the intersection of art and technology – projection mapping. Using an exploratory case study, we observe the relationships between the different actors who form a community, sharing a common interest in a techno – creative practice – but whose collective innovation dynamic is only in its beginnings and remains unstable. We document the critical role of places and events as intermediary platforms for these actors. This reveals preferential circulations – patterns of moves among a set of focal locations in the city for a community – and the crucial role of these locations in communities’ emergence.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1755-1776
Issue: 9
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1959901
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1959901
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# input file: CEPS_A_1916443_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220804T044749 git hash: 24b08f8188
Author-Name: Massimiliano Nuccio
Author-X-Name-First: Massimiliano
Author-X-Name-Last: Nuccio
Author-Name: Enrico Bertacchini
Author-X-Name-First: Enrico
Author-X-Name-Last: Bertacchini
Title: Data-driven arts and cultural organizations: opportunity or chimera?
Abstract: 
 Digital transformation has deeply influenced how innovation can rise in the production, distribution and consumption of cultural products. Although data-driven innovation has been proved effective in creating value across many business functions, the pace of adoption of strong data ecosystems seems slower for Arts and Cultural Organizations (ACOs). The paper theoretically explores how data analytics can affect different areas of innovation in the core cultural sectors. By integrating marketing intelligence, arts management and policy literature with illustrative evidence from secondary sources, we discuss the potential impact of data analytics for enhancing ACOs innovation. First, digitalization and connectivity have increased opportunities for customer engagement and empowerment, shifting cultural consumption from a transaction to a relationship with cultural organizations. Second, data-driven metrics allow ACOs and policy makers to match more effectively patterns of consumption and eventually to create value from harvesting and processing information. Finally, although ACOs are encouraged to review their traditional business models through this new trajectory, significant conceptual and organizational barriers question the benefits of data analytics and slow down its adoption. The paper contributes to the academic and policy debate on the role of data-driven innovation in arts management and marketing strategies for cultural organizations.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1638-1655
Issue: 9
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1916443
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1916443
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# input file: CEPS_A_1909540_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220804T044749 git hash: 24b08f8188
Author-Name: Rafael Boix Domenech
Author-X-Name-First: Rafael
Author-X-Name-Last: Boix Domenech
Author-Name: Blanca De Miguel Molina
Author-X-Name-First: Blanca
Author-X-Name-Last: De Miguel Molina
Author-Name: Pau Rausell Köster
Author-X-Name-First: Pau
Author-X-Name-Last: Rausell Köster
Title: The impact of cultural and creative industries on the wealth of countries, regions and municipalities
Abstract: 
 This paper compares the total impact of cultural and creative industries (CCIs) on per capita income of countries, regions and municipalities. We estimate the total effects of CCIs in 78 developed and developing countries in 5 continents, in 275 European regions and in 518 municipalities in the European region of Valencia, using data obtained from multiple databases and nonparametric local linear least squares. The average effects of CCIs are positive in the three territorial scales, in both low- and high-income locations, and increase in conjunction with increases in development, with high and very high developed places showing greater impacts. CCIs are, thus, a powerful resource for improving the well-being of rich and poor places at all geographic scales; however, they also act as a double-edged sword, as they increase inequalities between places.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1777-1797
Issue: 9
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1909540
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1909540
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# input file: CEPS_A_2023110_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220804T044749 git hash: 24b08f8188
Author-Name: Francesca Taormina
Author-X-Name-First: Francesca
Author-X-Name-Last: Taormina
Author-Name: Sara Bonini Baraldi
Author-X-Name-First: Sara Bonini
Author-X-Name-Last: Baraldi
Title: Museums and digital technology: a literature review on organizational issues
Abstract: 
 In the past 20 years, museums have made digital technologies key resources for accomplishing and innovating their functions. The current pandemic affirms museums’ dependence on digital tools, which have become the only means to reach the public during lockdowns. While the scientific community generally examines information and communication technology as a tool to provide innovative museum functions, it rarely seeks to understand how digital solutions permeate daily organization and management. Through an extensive literature review, this paper aims to consolidate a pre-pandemic body of knowledge from which further investigations and useful suggestions can be developed. By benchmarking heterogeneous literature sources, the study identifies three core topics (business models, digital professions and digital strategy), questioning whether changes driven by digital technology within museums follow radical innovation or gradual adaptation. In the conclusions, the paper underlines major implications for museums, policy makers and scholars.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1676-1694
Issue: 9
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.2023110
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.2023110
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# input file: CEPS_A_1865277_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220804T044749 git hash: 24b08f8188
Author-Name: Calogero Guccio
Author-X-Name-First: Calogero
Author-X-Name-Last: Guccio
Author-Name: Marco Ferdinando Martorana
Author-X-Name-First: Marco Ferdinando
Author-X-Name-Last: Martorana
Author-Name: Isidoro Mazza
Author-X-Name-First: Isidoro
Author-X-Name-Last: Mazza
Author-Name: Giacomo Pignataro
Author-X-Name-First: Giacomo
Author-X-Name-Last: Pignataro
Author-Name: Ilde Rizzo
Author-X-Name-First: Ilde
Author-X-Name-Last: Rizzo
Title: Is innovation in ICT valuable for the efficiency of Italian museums?
Abstract: 
 This paper investigates the influence of information and communication technologies (ICT) on the efficiency in attracting visitors of Italian museums. Notwithstanding the extensive literature on museum performance measurement, the analysis of the role of technological innovation is relatively neglected. As a first attempt to fill this lacuna, this study presents a two-stage analysis of a novel sample of Italian state-owned museums built by merging information drawn from different sources. In the first stage, we use bootstrapped Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to measure the efficiency of museums. In the second stage, we use a bootstrap truncated regression approach to test the extent to which different forms of ICT affect museum efficiency. We distinguish the ICT investments into ‘in situ’ and online services, since the former improve the visitors’ experience on site, while the latter can prepare for the visit or, even, be a substitute of the visit. The results reveal that the use of ICT is generally associated with better performances but ‘in situ’ services show to play a major role.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1695-1716
Issue: 9
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1865277
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1865277
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# input file: CEPS_A_2023109_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220804T044749 git hash: 24b08f8188
Author-Name: Pedro Costa
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro
Author-X-Name-Last: Costa
Title: Valuing culture and creativity impacts in a global technological era: reshaping the analytical framework
Abstract: 
 In a global world, increasingly mediated by new technologies, but where place, communities and territories assume even more importance, the valuing of culture and creativity faces new conceptual and operational challenges. This paper addresses these challenges in order to question the measurement tools usually applied in valuing the impact of culture in society, proposing a new conceptual grid to assess the impacts of creative and cultural activities, in all their diversity and multidimensionality. This results from an intense co-construction process, over the few past years, involving a variety of cultural agents, both in Portuguese and European contexts, in the scope of several research projects. This analytical framework helps disentangling the increasing complexity of the mechanisms underlying value creation in cultural activities, enabling self-assessment of its diverse impacts, in a particular territory or community. A specific grid is presented, comprising five main dimensions (cultural, economic, social, environmental; citizenship and participation), for assessing the territorial impacts of cultural activities. These are subdivided into 15 subdimensions and operationalized in 75 different indicators. This analytical framework is being transposed to a digital application that allows the systematization, self-assessment and self-awareness of value creation and their impacts by the agents of the cultural/creative sector.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1656-1675
Issue: 9
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.2023109
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.2023109
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# input file: CEPS_A_1836133_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220804T044749 git hash: 24b08f8188
Author-Name: Luciana Lazzeretti
Author-X-Name-First: Luciana
Author-X-Name-Last: Lazzeretti
Title: What is the role of culture facing the digital revolution challenge? Some reflections for a research agenda
Abstract: 
 The article aims to explore the dialectic relationship between digital transformation and societal changes through a cultural and creative approach. The debate between an algorithmic society representation (as a narrative of the past) and a new strategic role of culture (as a narrative of the future) is still largely unexplored. In order to achieve the purpose of the research, the article wants to respond to the following research questions: what is the role of culture facing in the digital revolution? What opportunities and threats are created for the enhancement and preservation of culture and creativity? An open conversation in formal and informal environments has been mobilized from September 2018 until February 2020 with scientists and humanists following a narrative approach. The reflections derived and a comprehensive analysis of the literature on AI and data science have led to a review of models of culture-driven economic development. We propose a new research agenda for the preservation and enhancement of culture able to frame the opportunities and face the threats of the digital revolution.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1617-1637
Issue: 9
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1836133
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1836133
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# input file: CEPS_A_1972938_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220804T044749 git hash: 24b08f8188
Author-Name: Silvia Rita Sedita
Author-X-Name-First: Silvia Rita
Author-X-Name-Last: Sedita
Author-Name: Tamane Ozeki
Author-X-Name-First: Tamane
Author-X-Name-Last: Ozeki
Title: Path renewal dynamics in the Kyoto kimono cluster: how to revitalize cultural heritage through digitalization
Abstract: 
 The digitalization of cultural heritage is crucial for revamping the creative and cultural sectors during a period of stagnation. This work is about the revitalization of the Kyoto kimono cluster through digitalization, which initiated a new exaptive development path for a declining cluster. A growing community of economic geographers and regional scientists has begun to discuss regional path development beyond related and unrelated diversification. We focus on path renewal, which involves major change of a path into a new direction based on new technologies or organizational innovations. Existing knowledge and skills in a region are combined in new ways and may be linked to relevant extra-regional knowledge to provide new knowledge, enabling innovation and entrepreneurship in the region. The process encompasses the intentional and serendipitous actions of individual entrepreneurs (firm-level) and networks of systemic configurations (system-level). A narrative approach is used to capture the path renewal dynamics in the Kyoto kimono cluster.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1736-1754
Issue: 9
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1972938
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1972938
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# input file: CEPS_A_2028737_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220804T044749 git hash: 24b08f8188
Author-Name: Ben Vermeulen
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Vermeulen
Author-Name: Eleonora Psenner
Author-X-Name-First: Eleonora
Author-X-Name-Last: Psenner
Title: Exploiting the technology-driven structural shift to creative work in regional catching-up: toward an institutional framework
Abstract: 
 The development and application of technologies such as robots and artificial intelligence drive a shift toward non-routinized, creative work. A stylized narrative is that a few regions dominate the making of these technologies and enjoy a virtuous cycle of increasing employment, innovativeness, and in-migration of the creative class. Regions merely applying these technologies may get into a vicious cycle of increasing unemployment, out-migration, and decreasing innovativeness. Following the normative governance turn in regional political economics, this theoretical policy paper pitches a framework of three complementary institutions to direct the technology-driven structural change for regional catching-up. Firstly, a system for innovation and entrepreneurial activity creates jobs by supporting exploitation of complementarities of application, co-development activities, and product innovation within mature and emerging sectors. Secondly, education provides creative and entrepreneurial skills to exploit technological opportunities and upskills workers for emerging sectors. Thirdly, labour market and social security institutions are to allow rationalization in mature sectors, incentivize hiring and learning on the job, as well as encourage innovative ventures, notably in emerging sectors. Challenges of implementation of the framework due to path-dependence, co-evolution, and multi-scalarity as well as applicability in different varieties of capitalism are examined.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1798-1823
Issue: 9
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2028737
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2028737
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# input file: CEPS_A_2045257_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220804T044749 git hash: 24b08f8188
Author-Name: Marie Delaplace
Author-X-Name-First: Marie
Author-X-Name-Last: Delaplace
Author-Name: Leïla Kebir
Author-X-Name-First: Leïla
Author-X-Name-Last: Kebir
Author-Name: Marjolaine Gros-Balthazard
Author-X-Name-First: Marjolaine
Author-X-Name-Last: Gros-Balthazard
Author-Name: François Bavaud
Author-X-Name-First: François
Author-X-Name-Last: Bavaud
Title: Uses and practices of digital services in a situation of mobility: evolution versus revolution? The case of the Champs Elysées
Abstract: 
 The ongoing digital revolution is transforming economic production systems as well as our daily lives. If the expectancies in terms of innovation and opportunities are very high on the supply side, little is known about the effective uses of digital tools by customers and the impact on them and their consumption patterns, especially in a situation of mobility. Tourism for example has been tremendously impacted by the digital transformation. It has changed the way people plan, book and travel, but also the way the stakeholders communicate on their destination. But it is also expected that mobile and wireless technologies change the tourist experience of the destination. Mobile devices could induce change in tourist behaviour at the last minute in situ. By using an analysis in terms of services, we suggest that suppliers and tourists in territories coproduce M-tourism services. These services depend on the tourist behaviour but also on the supply, which is available in the destination. Drawing on a survey conducted on the Champs Elysées in Paris in 2018, this paper analyses how different types of people (tourists, residents, workers, etc.) are using these digital services.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1824-1843
Issue: 9
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2045257
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2045257
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# input file: CEPS_A_1999396_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Francesco Gerli
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco
Author-X-Name-Last: Gerli
Author-Name: Mario Calderini
Author-X-Name-First: Mario
Author-X-Name-Last: Calderini
Author-Name: Veronica Chiodo
Author-X-Name-First: Veronica
Author-X-Name-Last: Chiodo
Title: An ecosystemic model for the technological development of social entrepreneurship: exploring clusters of social innovation
Abstract: 
 Social-tech enterprises are organizations that create social value by employing technological innovation as part of their value proposition. The complexity and the cross-institutional character which link technological innovation to social business models makes these organizations inherently ecosystemic in their necessity of developing dense interactions to enact their social and technologically innovative objectives. This paper investigates which ecosystem configurations can enable the technological development of social entrepreneurship. Indeed, the research analyses European clusters of social innovation to understand if clusters can represent a viable ecosystemic option to promote technology transfer and adoption by social enterprises. Results reveal that current social innovation clusters display peculiar features as the necessity of bilateral networking with specialized actors, the low weight attributed to physical proximity, and the scarcity and informality of technology transfer processes. These elements, which are not typically displayed by a traditional cluster model, suggest considering different ecosystemic strategies to actively promote the technological development of social enterprises or for reconceptualizing clusters towards a demand-side perspective. Despite such a claim, our evidence shows that specific cluster configurations involving openness, low specialization on social economy, high cognitive proximity and structured governance models may informally unleash the generation of jacobian externalities fostering technological development.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1962-1984
Issue: 10
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1999396
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1999396
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# input file: CEPS_A_2015960_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Nidhi Srinivas
Author-X-Name-First: Nidhi
Author-X-Name-Last: Srinivas
Title: Against Entrepreneurship: A Critical Examination
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2122-2123
Issue: 10
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.2015960
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.2015960
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# input file: CEPS_A_1995852_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Igor Roberto Amancio
Author-X-Name-First: Igor Roberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Amancio
Author-Name: Glauco Henrique de Sousa Mendes
Author-X-Name-First: Glauco Henrique de Sousa
Author-X-Name-Last: Mendes
Author-Name: Herick Fernando Moralles
Author-X-Name-First: Herick Fernando
Author-X-Name-Last: Moralles
Author-Name: Bruno Brandão Fischer
Author-X-Name-First: Bruno Brandão
Author-X-Name-Last: Fischer
Author-Name: Eduardo Sisti
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Sisti
Title: The interplay between KIBS and manufacturers: a scoping review of major key themes and research opportunities
Abstract: 
 Knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS) collaborate with manufacturers to increase their knowledge, stimulate innovation, and support the implementation of service-oriented business models. In addition, KIBS firms are also known to stimulate regional economic development. Hence, this study aims to identify the key research themes and future opportunities in the literature addressing the interplay between KIBS and manufacturers. A scoping review was adopted to map key themes in the KIBS and manufacturing literature. A sample of 76 focal articles was analyzed using descriptive and thematic analyses. Results of the scoping review are presented consolidating three categories of analysis: (i) mechanisms of connections between KIBS and manufacturers, such as value co-creation, knowledge transfer, innovation, and servitization, (ii) results at firm-level, such as competitiveness, organizational and financial performance (iii) results at regional-level, such as economic development, KIBS agglomeration, and public policies. An agenda for future research is proposed.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1919-1941
Issue: 10
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1995852
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1995852
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:30:y:2022:i:10:p:1919-1941



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# input file: CEPS_A_1965548_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Robert Musil
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Musil
Author-Name: Josef Seethaler
Author-X-Name-First: Josef
Author-X-Name-Last: Seethaler
Title: Evaluating M&As from a regional perspective: media discourses on the asymmetric internationalization of Vienna’s banking sector
Abstract: 
 Firms are important regional identity anchors. Accordingly, acquisitions by foreign companies are publicly discussed regarding the gains or losses in regional prestige that they bring about. However, the perception and evaluation of mergers and acquisitions (M&As) in public discourse has so far only been marginally analysed. The study therefore examines the interpretation and evaluation of inward and outward M&As in Vienna between 1999 and 2016 by highly reputed local print media providing comprehensive business coverage. The three main approaches are differentiated according to their valuing of the regional impact of M&As – an orthodox, a heterodox, and a relational perspective. These perspectives are operationalized in terms of the concept of ‘framing’, which refers to the aspects of an issue that are emphasized in media coverage to elicit a certain interpretation and thus, to make the issue socially relevant. The results show a regionally ‘uneven’ media reception, which is expressed in the application of different frames to inward and outward M&As. Over time, and particularly during the crisis since 2009, the heterodox frame seems to have dominated media evaluation. Hence, the arguments on inward and outward M&As still differ: the implications for the own region seem to influence media evaluations of M&As.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1872-1891
Issue: 10
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1965548
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1965548
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# input file: CEPS_A_1934407_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Soledad Nogués
Author-X-Name-First: Soledad
Author-X-Name-Last: Nogués
Author-Name: Esther González-González
Author-X-Name-First: Esther
Author-X-Name-Last: González-González
Title: Are current road investments exacerbating spatial inequalities inside European peripheral regions?
Abstract: 
 The European Union has made considerable investments in transport infrastructures to reduce development gaps within and across territories and achieve a stronger regional cohesion. However, these economic efforts have not shown the expected effects, especially in peripheral regions, mainly due to the varied nature of their inner areas. This study aims to shed light on the existence of different types of areas inside peripheral regions that respond differently to the construction of new high-capacity roads, conditioning the achievement of cohesion goals. These disparities were explored through a detailed intraregional analysis of the peripheral Spanish Northwest Area over a 25-year period, through the identification of spatial categories that group homogenous areas in attention to three criteria: socio-economic development, spatial dynamics of urbanization and accessibility improvements. The application of a hierarchical clustering technique to different time scenarios and their comparison showed the existence of dynamic, stable and regressive areas, in terms of performance. Our findings reveal that with accessibility improvements regressive areas decreased and dynamic ones increased over time, but this transformation did not translate into an improvement in socio-economic intraregional cohesion. These results highlight the importance of considering intraregional diversity when formulating and implementing policies aimed at strengthening territorial cohesion.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1845-1871
Issue: 10
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1934407
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1934407
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# input file: CEPS_A_2021505_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Ana Salomé García-Muñiz
Author-X-Name-First: Ana Salomé
Author-X-Name-Last: García-Muñiz
Author-Name: María Rosalía Vicente
Author-X-Name-First: María Rosalía
Author-X-Name-Last: Vicente
Author-Name: Margarita Billon
Author-X-Name-First: Margarita
Author-X-Name-Last: Billon
Title: ICT Research networks and regional competitiveness: an analysis of the 7th Framework Program
Abstract: 
 Using Social Network Analysis and the novel concept of bridging centrality this paper investigates the links generated by the research networks created by two of the European Union-funded Programs, the 7th Framework Program (FP7) and the ICT action of the Competitiveness and Innovation Framework Program (CIP) and their impacts on regional competitiveness. Our findings show a positive impact on the competitiveness of both networks. Those regions with higher capacities to establish bridging paths tend to show higher levels of competitiveness. Moreover, our results indicate that these effects differ between research and diffusion networks. Whereas the FP7-related network impacts all the dimensions of competitiveness, the CIP influences competitiveness only through the innovative channel. Our results highlight the importance of facilitating intra- and inter-regional collaboration networks between core and peripheral regions in Europe.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2063-2083
Issue: 10
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.2021505
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.2021505
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# input file: CEPS_A_2024149_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Sébastien Darchen
Author-X-Name-First: Sébastien
Author-X-Name-Last: Darchen
Author-Name: Gwendal Simon
Author-X-Name-First: Gwendal
Author-X-Name-Last: Simon
Title: ‘Transitory urbanism’ for the creative industries in a top-down regeneration process (Nantes, France)
Abstract: 
 This article studies the low-cost strategy associated with the provision of temporary spaces for start-up companies in the ‘Quartier de la Création’, a project within the large regeneration scheme: Ile de Nantes. The method, ‘transitory urbanism’, combines urban redevelopment and economic development strategies. We analyse the factors enabling the implementation of this method in practice. We argue that this method illustrates a regeneration strategy – with its limits – slightly different from the three types listed in typology on brownfield regeneration strategies. As ‘transitory urbanism’ happens within a top-down regeneration process, our findings complement the existing literature on planning contexts related to ‘Cultural Brownfields’ in Europe and specifically on ‘transitory urbanism’ as a method. The data collection is based on semi-structured interviews with stakeholders involved in the regeneration process as well as quantitative data collected on the number of jobs in temporary spaces for creative industries. Our main findings is that ‘transitory urbanism’ relies on three main conditions: (1) The SPL status of the redevelopment agency SAMOA; (2) The ‘Precarious Occupation Agreement’; (3) A combination of financing mechanisms that we explain in detail.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2084-2101
Issue: 10
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.2024149
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.2024149
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# input file: CEPS_A_1998386_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Satu Parjanen
Author-X-Name-First: Satu
Author-X-Name-Last: Parjanen
Author-Name: Lea Hennala
Author-X-Name-First: Lea
Author-X-Name-Last: Hennala
Author-Name: Satu Pekkarinen
Author-X-Name-First: Satu
Author-X-Name-Last: Pekkarinen
Author-Name: Helinä Melkas
Author-X-Name-First: Helinä
Author-X-Name-Last: Melkas
Title: Knowledge brokerage needs in building care robotics innovation ecosystems and networks
Abstract: 
 In the ecosystem and network perspectives on innovation, cooperation between various actors is seen as essential to innovation. Because of several factors known to hinder cooperation, the literature has pointed out the need for knowledge brokerage functions. This paper investigates knowledge brokerage needs in building care robotics innovation ecosystems and networks in Finland. The research questions are as follows: What are macro-, meso- and micro-level brokerage needs, functions and roles in care robotics innovation ecosystems and networks, and what kinds of knowledge should be brokered at these different levels? The data were collected with multilevel interviews, including interviewees representing different interests and fields of expertise. Based on the results, there is a need for brokerage functions in emerging ecosystems and networks to create operational conditions, bring disparate actors together, manage innovation processes, create learning possibilities and share best practices. However, the brokerage needs to vary by level, indicating that the functions and roles of the brokers and brokered knowledge may be emphasized differently. At the macro level, system-level knowledge is needed, at the meso level, knowledge related to innovation process management and user knowledge is needed, and at the micro level, the need for experimental and tacit knowledge is highlighted.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1942-1961
Issue: 10
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1998386
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1998386
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# input file: CEPS_A_2002270_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Vilém Pařil
Author-X-Name-First: Vilém
Author-X-Name-Last: Pařil
Author-Name: Barbora Ondrůšková
Author-X-Name-First: Barbora
Author-X-Name-Last: Ondrůšková
Author-Name: Aneta Krajíčková
Author-X-Name-First: Aneta
Author-X-Name-Last: Krajíčková
Author-Name: Zelenáková Petra
Author-X-Name-First: Zelenáková
Author-X-Name-Last: Petra
Title: The cost of suburbanization: spending on environmental protection
Abstract: 
 The goal of this paper is to assess disparities between different municipalities and evaluate the relevance of these differences to suburbs in comparison to other areas. The analysis is based on a methodological framework of CEPA environmental expenditure corresponding with the Czech public-sector budget financial structure. This study has three essential areas for Czech municipal expenses: water protection, waste management and biodiversity and landscape protection corresponding with public municipal greenery. We used the Ministry of Finance State Treasury Monitor dataset, providing data on municipal expenses for all 6,255 municipalities in 2010-2015 and compared relevant expenses in the Czech Republic's OECD metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas. The results show that municipalities with the most outstanding water protection expenses per capita are exposed to a suburbanisation burden and are situated in neighbourhoods of Czech metropolitan centres. Disparities between municipalities clearly show that water protection costs per capita in less populous municipalities are three times those in bigger towns. The most extraordinary spending on maintaining public greenery was found in the metropolitan cores, showing that there is greater demand for public greenery. Regarding waste management, there is no apparent relationship with localisation in suburban areas.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2002-2021
Issue: 10
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.2002270
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.2002270
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# input file: CEPS_A_2013779_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Anna Mempel-Śnieżyk
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Mempel-Śnieżyk
Author-Name: Petr Hlaváček
Author-X-Name-First: Petr
Author-X-Name-Last: Hlaváček
Title: Are clustering and R&D institutions in post-socialist states functional tools for sustainable development?
Abstract: 
 This paper explores the process of achieving sustainable development at a regional level in post-socialist states in the context of the clusters concept. In spite of the research on how it is achieved in particular countries, it remains under-researched or the results are in conflict. We consider if qualitative parameters of regions, the complex process of dependence between R&D financing in regions, whether the policies implemented in the development processes of post-socialist countries are important for the greater development of clustering and the higher concentration of clusters. The empirical analysis is based on Spearman’s ρ rank correlation and the stepwise regression analysis. We find that dependencies between the functioning of clusters and selected factors of the sustainable and qualitative development of regions were confirmed. The research shows that the expected effects are not clear, albeit that such policies resulted in a change in the direction of the activities, and that better performance can be expected by taking directional measures. Overall, our findings confirm the expected dependencies of involving public financing on R&D and clusters in regions. We find that the policies implemented in the post-socialist states do not necessarily involve large-scale permanent environmental improvement.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2022-2042
Issue: 10
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.2013779
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.2013779
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# input file: CEPS_A_2021145_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Jiří Blažek
Author-X-Name-First: Jiří
Author-X-Name-Last: Blažek
Author-Name: Markus Steen
Author-X-Name-First: Markus
Author-X-Name-Last: Steen
Title: Global production networks and regional innovation systems: contrasting or complementary policy implications?
Abstract: 
 This paper contributes to the recent debate between two important streams within current economic geography and regional studies: global value chains/global production networks theories, and regional innovation system theory. Based on the review of key literature, the authors first identify the key conceptual differences between these two streams and then provide a comparative overview of their policy implications. Thereafter, the authors show that considerable space for mutual inspiration in conceptual as well as policy terms exists, especially between the notions of strategic coupling and the new path development model. Moreover, the authors suggest six additional arenas of mutual conceptual and policy-relevant inspiration between these two streams as avenues for future research.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2043-2062
Issue: 10
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.2021145
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.2021145
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# input file: CEPS_A_2030675_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Sara Bonini Baraldi
Author-X-Name-First: Sara Bonini
Author-X-Name-Last: Baraldi
Author-Name: Carlo Salone
Author-X-Name-First: Carlo
Author-X-Name-Last: Salone
Title: Building on decay: urban regeneration and social entrepreneurship in Italy through culture and the arts
Abstract: 
 This paper focuses on urban regeneration practices based on adaptive reuse projects in culture and the arts, where new forms of social entrepreneurship emerge. Through in-depth qualitative research, we develop three case studies in three different urban contexts in Italy: Turin, a large and highly industrialised city in one of the country's north-west regions; Terni, a medium-sized city in central Italy; and Favara, a small town in the province of Agrigento on the island of Sicily. Building on the case studies, we outline a possible taxonomy of urban remains, entrepreneurship, and adaptive reuse models, reflecting on the role of social entrepreneurship and its peculiar governance and business models, the specific features of adaptive reuse and urban regeneration processes, and the relationship between art and urban regeneration. Some closing remarks focus on how social entrepreneurship in the cultural field challenges both scholars and decision-makers.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2102-2121
Issue: 10
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2030675
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2030675
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# input file: CEPS_A_1985436_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Maksim Belitski
Author-X-Name-First: Maksim
Author-X-Name-Last: Belitski
Author-Name: Ana-Maria Grigore
Author-X-Name-First: Ana-Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Grigore
Title: The economic effects of politically connected entrepreneurs on the quality and rate of regional entrepreneurship
Abstract: 
 While research on institutional quality and entrepreneurship has consolidated over the last decade, the role that politically connected entrepreneurship (PE) plays in the perception of economic actors about the quality and a rate of entrepreneurial activity in their cities remains unanswered. The origin and nature of PE are heterogeneous, and it is associated with economic activity in a strong formal and informal cooperation with local and national governments to access resources in a privileged way. This study uses primary data from 1729 economics agents surveyed in 17 cities in East and Southeast Europe as well as Balkans and Central Asia. In order to better understand the consequences of PE, one should look at how it moderates the relationship between access to capital for entrepreneurs and the outcomes of entrepreneurial activity. We find that politically connected entrepreneurship may limit access to debt finance by other – non-politically economic actors, in particular in countries with a high level of corruption and market uncertainty. PE does not affect equity capital availability for entrepreneurship. Important policy implications are discussed for developing productive entrepreneurship in cities in emerging and developing economies.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1892-1918
Issue: 10
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1985436
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1985436
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# input file: CEPS_A_2001792_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220823T191300 git hash: 39867e6e2f
Author-Name: Kristina Trygg
Author-X-Name-First: Kristina
Author-X-Name-Last: Trygg
Author-Name: Hilda Wenander
Author-X-Name-First: Hilda
Author-X-Name-Last: Wenander
Title: Strategic spatial planning for sustainable development – Swedish planners’ institutional capacity
Abstract: 
 This article advocates the need for strategic spatial planning practices to cope with the crises of climate change that confront cities and regions today. Planners face sustainability challenges regarding their ability to plan for the cities of tomorrow. The aim of this article is to analyse how institutional conditions can enable the planners’ strategic spatial planning for sustainable development in Swedish municipalities. We will use institutional capacity as a theoretical framework to understand how the planners use planning instruments while planning for sustainable development. Our empirical research builds on four Swedish municipalities where we have set out to explore knowledge resources, relational resources and mobilization capacity for analysing planners’ use of planning instruments for sustainable development. Our results indicate that the institutional capacity in the municipalities does not enable the planners to strive for sustainable development. Planners in Swedish municipalities have many ideas, visions and initiatives for sustainable development, but are often not informed of the political agenda or how to prioritize. For achieving strategic spatial planning, the planners will need a more clear political will and mandate to act and prioritize.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1985-2001
Issue: 10
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.2001792
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.2001792
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# input file: CEPS_A_1988907_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Markus M. Bugge
Author-X-Name-First: Markus M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bugge
Author-Name: Allan Dahl Andersen
Author-X-Name-First: Allan Dahl
Author-X-Name-Last: Andersen
Author-Name: Markus Steen
Author-X-Name-First: Markus
Author-X-Name-Last: Steen
Title: The role of regional innovation systems in mission-oriented innovation policy: exploring the problem-solution space in electrification of maritime transport
Abstract: 
 The innovation literature increasingly addresses grand challenges and transformative change. However, the issue of to what extent transformative change can build upon the resources, actors and institutions of existing innovation systems has not received sufficient attention. Against this background this paper aims to advance our understanding of the geographies and continuities of transformative change, by exploring the role of regional innovation systems in mission-oriented innovation. Based on an in-depth case study of electrification of ferries in Western Norway, the paper finds that the accomplishment of the mission was in large part due to the fact that it created new regional economic opportunities and built upon and mobilized existing regional resources, actors and structures. This mission re-orientation of an existing regional innovation system was characterized by (a) limited contestation, low complexity and low uncertainty about the technological battery-driven solutions pointed at, (b) multi-actor and multi-scalar agency and finally (c) asset modification of strong and pre-existing RIS structures, institutions and regulatory context.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2312-2333
Issue: 11
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1988907
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1988907
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# input file: CEPS_A_2042208_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Hugues Jeannerat
Author-X-Name-First: Hugues
Author-X-Name-Last: Jeannerat
Author-Name: Olivier Crevoisier
Author-X-Name-First: Olivier
Author-X-Name-Last: Crevoisier
Title: From competitiveness to territorial value: transformative territorial innovation policies and anchoring milieus
Abstract: 
 This paper proposes a conceptual reading of the issues and theories that have cumulatively formed the backbone of current ‘innovatized’ territorial development policies. It emphasizes the broadening of a technological innovation perspective to a cultural and, subsequently, social and societal innovation perspective. While this broader perspective encourages systemic changes that are crucial in order to reach global sustainability goals, it tends to under-conceptualize how to make transformative change economically viable. The paper, therefore, develops a transformative territorial innovation policy approach focused on ‘territorial value’, which is understood as the result of locally interdependent production, consumption and living advantages in the long run. Such a policy should be based on enlarged anchoring milieus of actors engaged in place-based experiments at the nexus of export-, visitor- and household-based income systems. To do so, it should promote policy mixes that support co-innovation, entrepreneurship, sensemaking and institutionalizing across multiple scales and locations. The paper finally calls for further research and conceptualizations on territorial value and territorial valuation and for a new role of the social sciences and humanities in innovation.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2157-2177
Issue: 11
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2042208
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2042208
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# input file: CEPS_A_1980502_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Sanne A.M.J.V. Bours
Author-X-Name-First: Sanne A.M.J.V.
Author-X-Name-Last: Bours
Author-Name: Iris Wanzenböck
Author-X-Name-First: Iris
Author-X-Name-Last: Wanzenböck
Author-Name: Koen Frenken
Author-X-Name-First: Koen
Author-X-Name-Last: Frenken
Title: Small wins for grand challenges. A bottom-up governance approach to regional innovation policy
Abstract: 
 Grand societal challenges as a policy target have received increasing attention in regional innovation policy. To date, concrete governance strategies to address such challenges with local solutions are underexplored. We propose a small wins approach as a new governance strategy to deal with wicked societal problems. A small wins strategy focuses on accelerating bottom-up initiatives guided by a shared mission. The aim is to activate propelling mechanisms to support and couple self-organizing change processes. We studied 17 regional initiatives for plastic pollution removal in the Netherlands, which show that i. institutional barriers are the hardest for small wins to overcome and achieve wider impact; ii. bottom-up propelling mechanisms reinforce each other, but are generally too weak to transform existing practices due to limited policy support; and iii. systemic propelling mechanisms are largely absent to achieve robust change processes across scales. We see a key task for regional policy to activate systemic mechanisms that help local solutions upscale. This requires policy to learn about the plurality of change processes ‘on the ground’, and to use multi-level governance arrangements to create coherent policies to scale up bottom-up solutions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2245-2272
Issue: 11
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1980502
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1980502
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:30:y:2022:i:11:p:2245-2272



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# input file: CEPS_A_2017857_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Robert Hassink
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Hassink
Author-Name: Huiwen Gong
Author-X-Name-First: Huiwen
Author-X-Name-Last: Gong
Author-Name: Klaas Fröhlich
Author-X-Name-First: Klaas
Author-X-Name-Last: Fröhlich
Author-Name: Arne Herr
Author-X-Name-First: Arne
Author-X-Name-Last: Herr
Title: Exploring the scope of regions in challenge-oriented innovation policy: the case of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
Abstract: 
 Recently, challenge-oriented innovation policy has become increasingly popular in political and scientific discussions. However, the extent to which such a challenge-based thinking has entered regional policy making is relatively unclear. This paper examines the scope of the regional level in promoting challenge-based innovation, focusing on the recent renewable energy innovation policy in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. The results show that while regional innovation policy in Schleswig-Holstein aims to address several structural and transformational systemic failures, many other problems and challenges remain, as they are beyond the capacity of a single region to address. Based on this analysis, we draw four conclusions. First, similar to many other structurally weak regions, policymakers in Schleswig-Holstein are struggling with some of the same key challenges that the policy was originally designed to address. Second, multi-scalar governance and inter-scalar coordination are essential for managing regional sustainability transitions. Third, challenge-driven innovation policy is an extension of, rather than a replacement for, conventional regional innovation policy. Finally, environmental and economic goals should be well balanced in challenge-driven regional innovation policy design.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2293-2311
Issue: 11
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.2017857
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.2017857
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:30:y:2022:i:11:p:2293-2311



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# input file: CEPS_A_1951177_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Franz Tödtling
Author-X-Name-First: Franz
Author-X-Name-Last: Tödtling
Author-Name: Michaela Trippl
Author-X-Name-First: Michaela
Author-X-Name-Last: Trippl
Author-Name: Veronika Desch
Author-X-Name-First: Veronika
Author-X-Name-Last: Desch
Title: New directions for RIS studies and policies in the face of grand societal challenges
Abstract: 
 The regional innovation system (RIS) approach has become a widely used framework for examining the dynamics of innovation across space and for crafting policies to promote the innovation capacity of regions. The dominant focus has been on technological and business innovation enhancing competitiveness and economic growth. In light of persistent environmental and social challenges such as climate change, aging and growing inequalities, this understanding appears to be too narrow. We argue that the RIS approach requires a critical reassessment for informing the next generation of regional innovation policies. We explore how RIS scholarship and policies could benefit from an alternative understanding of the innovation process. Inspired by recent work on mission-oriented and transformative innovation policies, we develop the notion of ‘challenge-oriented RISs’ (CoRISs). In contrast to conventional understandings of RISs, this approach embraces a more critical view of innovation, captures the directionality of change, opens up to new innovation actors at different territorial scales and pays more attention to the application side and upscaling of innovation within the region and beyond. Acknowledging that regions vary in their capacity for transformative change and challenge-oriented innovation, the article outlines new directions for place-based innovation policies.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2139-2156
Issue: 11
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1951177
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1951177
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# input file: CEPS_A_1985085_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Miren Larrea
Author-X-Name-First: Miren
Author-X-Name-Last: Larrea
Author-Name: James Karlsen
Author-X-Name-First: James
Author-X-Name-Last: Karlsen
Title: Think tanks for a new generation of regional innovation policies
Abstract: 
 Regional innovation policy, and related research, are being pressurized to transform by today’s grand societal challenges. Our paper acknowledges the efforts of authors in this field to address this pressure and addresses how new emergent framings of innovation policy can be operationalized in practice. We explore how co-generative research can help achieve this and share the case of a think tank in the Basque Country (Spain) which we describe as a hybrid space because of the way researchers and policy makers work together. The case is then used to revisit the methodology that researchers have used for co-generation (action research for territorial development) and to upgrade this methodology with a new concept, an action research think tank. The final discussion goes beyond action research and the case study, to look at how co-generation can improve learning processes between policy makers and researchers in the field.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2334-2351
Issue: 11
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1985085
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1985085
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:30:y:2022:i:11:p:2334-2351



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# input file: CEPS_A_2025345_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Mattia Casula
Author-X-Name-First: Mattia
Author-X-Name-Last: Casula
Title: Implementing the transformative innovation policy in the European Union: how does transformative change occur in Member States?
Abstract: 
 Despite the emerging theoretical importance of the ‘transformative change’ approach, relatively little is known about how the transition towards this approach is happening in different European contexts, as well as the institutional factors that help explain possible different reform trajectories. To fill this research gap, this article interprets the adoption of the ‘transformative change’ approach in Europe as a paradigmatic case of multi-level policy implementation in the European Union. Taking advantage of an institutional approach drawing on path dependency, it considers how transformative change is happening in two Member States (France and Germany). It does so by focusing on the policy mix adopted to address grand challenges and the type of governance mechanisms mainly used to secure legitimization and coordination. Albeit within the same EU framework, this article shows a diverse development of the innovation policies in the two Member States with the use of a different mix of policy instruments in line with their traditional domestic institutional contexts. Institutional contexts also filtered the early stages of the responses to the COVID-19 crisis. These results have specific implications useful for policy makers and practitioners in the design and implementation of regional innovation policies across different European contexts.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2178-2204
Issue: 11
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.2025345
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.2025345
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# input file: CEPS_A_1936463_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Philip Cooke
Author-X-Name-First: Philip
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke
Author-Name: Sérgio Nunes
Author-X-Name-First: Sérgio
Author-X-Name-Last: Nunes
Title: Post-Coronavirus regional innovation policies: from mega to giga and beyond through sustainable spatial planning of global tourism
Abstract: 
 This contribution is critical of Neo-Schumpeterian innovation studies for a historic tendency to reify ‘industrial’ capitalism as its main conceptual framing model. This includes blind spots concerning the sustainability-free advocacy of ‘green revolution’ chemical fertilizer, pesticide and herbicide practice in industrialist food production. The Coronavirus contagion has alerted regional scientists to these lacunae and this contribution attempts to re-balance the prevailing traditional industrialist bias by considering alternative, more sustainability-informed innovation emphases. These include efforts to conceive innovative sustainable spatial planning models. A particular omission has been re-appraisal of the negative sustainability effects of global tourism. We do this by analyses of ‘territorial innovation’, including considerations of ‘new urbanism’ solutions to prevailing discontents, and advocating ‘GreenSphere’ design of ‘circular economies’ to escape from the negative effects of the environmental despoliation by urban congestion, widespread pollution (including pandemics), global tourism and human well-being. We exemplify the aspects of these conditions by running through three post-urban Model-types – Megacentres (e.g. Bioregional); Gigacentres (e.g. Global Tourism GigaSheds) and GreenSpheres (New Circular Ecologies) before concluding our contribution.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2205-2223
Issue: 11
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1936463
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1936463
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# input file: CEPS_A_2084226_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Arne Isaksen
Author-X-Name-First: Arne
Author-X-Name-Last: Isaksen
Author-Name: Michaela Trippl
Author-X-Name-First: Michaela
Author-X-Name-Last: Trippl
Author-Name: Heike Mayer
Author-X-Name-First: Heike
Author-X-Name-Last: Mayer
Title: Regional innovation systems in an era of grand societal challenges: reorientation versus transformation
Abstract: 
 This editorial seeks to contribute to a critical rethinking of the regional innovation system (RIS) framework and to examine what kind of ‘reinvention’ of regional innovation policy is needed in the era of grand societal challenges. The concept of challenge-oriented regional innovation systems (CoRISs) is employed to cast light on how RISs can be reconfigured in response to societal challenges. Based on the articles in this issue, the editorial distinguishes between two routes into which CoRISs could be developed: RIS reorientation strategies versus RIS transformation strategies. The first strategy assumes that at least some place-specific problems that are related to grand societal challenges can be tackled by use of existing assets, actors and institutions in historically grown RISs. RIS transformation strategies go a step further. They emphasize disruption and the strategic creation of new RIS elements. These include the inclusion of new innovative actors and actor groups, the implementations of institutional change, and also the disruption of old network linkages and the establishment of new ones. The editorial also reflects on the uptake of the two strategies in different spatial contexts as regional preconditions and challenges vary, which may demand different strategies and solutions on the regional level.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2125-2138
Issue: 11
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2084226
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2084226
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# input file: CEPS_A_1941786_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Samson Afewerki
Author-X-Name-First: Samson
Author-X-Name-Last: Afewerki
Author-Name: Asbjørn Karlsen
Author-X-Name-First: Asbjørn
Author-X-Name-Last: Karlsen
Title: Policy mixes for just sustainable development in regions specialized in carbon-intensive industries: the case of two Norwegian petro-maritime regions
Abstract: 
 Research on the Geography of Sustainability Transitions (GOST) has enhanced our understanding in how place-based factors condition sustainability transitions. Its emphasis on the geography of niche development, however, neglects regime-level responses to regional sustainably transitions imperatives. Given the urgency of sustainability transitions, recent sustainability transitions research has emphasized an active destabilization and/or phase-out of incumbent carbon-intensive industries. However, this poses normative and practical challenges for regions heavily dependent in these sectors. Here the challenge is how to ensure an inclusive transition. This paper contributes to GOST by focusing on distributional and procedural dimensions of policy mixes, relying on just transition and institutionalist literature. Our longitudinal case study of two Norwegian oil-dependent regions, Stord and Verdal identifies phases separated by critical junctures, with different policy mixes. Underpinned by the Norwegian tripartite cooperation model, the multi-scalar policy mixes in the regions has focused on the sector’s decarbonization, rather than its phase-out, while developing renewable energy sectors through technology-push. Supporting short term business as usual, this provides the industry time to prepare for emerging renewable technologies and reducing negative impacts of transitions. We suggest that just sustainable development of such regions requires coherent multi-scalar policy mixes, and legitimacy and participation among key actors.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2273-2292
Issue: 11
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1941786
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1941786
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# input file: CEPS_A_2022104_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Annalisa Rizzo
Author-X-Name-First: Annalisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Rizzo
Author-Name: Francesco Cappellano
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco
Author-X-Name-Last: Cappellano
Author-Name: Ilenia Pierantoni
Author-X-Name-First: Ilenia
Author-X-Name-Last: Pierantoni
Author-Name: Massimo Sargolini
Author-X-Name-First: Massimo
Author-X-Name-Last: Sargolini
Title: Do natural disasters accelerate sustainability transitions? Insights from the Central Italy earthquake
Abstract: 
 This paper examines whether natural disasters open a policy window of opportunity for sustainable transition in lagging regions. Bridging disaster studies and the transition management approach, the authors define the Post-Disaster Policy Window of Opportunity (PPWO) concept, as a heuristic tool to assess the acceleration of a sustainable transition generated by a shock. The paper applies PPWO to the case study of the Central Italy earthquake (2016) deploying both primary and secondary data concerning public policies designed to pursue societal challenges at regional levels. The authors examine (i) the governance scheme, (ii) the objectives, and (iii) the policy implementation strategy of the transition as agreed in a pre-disaster phase, and whether they changed during the disaster and in its aftermath. The findings highlight natural disasters per se cannot prompt a radical change to territorial development patterns in lagging regions. However, disasters’ potential to spur sustainable transitiońs acceleration can be enabled through a place-based approach with a coherent vertical and horizontal policy coordination.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2224-2244
Issue: 11
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.2022104
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.2022104
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# input file: CEPS_A_1958759_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Liam Heaphy
Author-X-Name-First: Liam
Author-X-Name-Last: Heaphy
Author-Name: Mark Scott
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: Scott
Title: Path dependence, ‘lock-in’ and rural housing outcomes: insights from Ireland
Abstract: 
 Planning studies on rural housing are heavily shaped by concepts from urbanized countries with larger populations and attendant conservation pressures on agricultural or otherwise protected land. In particular, Anglo-American theorization on counterurbanisation and the differentiated countryside have enabled planning theory to engage with and compare multiple planning realities, albeit with the secondary effect of distorting appraisal in countries that do not reflect their originating context. This may unwittingly result in the pathologisation of rural planning practices that do not conform to expected norms in rurally-dominated countries with low populations and distributed rather than concentrated land ownership patterns. Ireland, as a northern European country with a proportionately large rural population, illustrates the importance of examining path dependencies as a means of forming meaningful and effective responses to challenges such as the decline of rural settlements and decarbonization. Case study data are presented to illustrate the specific dynamics of housing and planning in rural Ireland, and attention is drawn towards examples of endogenous and exogenous responses to the path dependencies identified. We argue that path dependencies are often more important in shaping rural places than the performance of the planning system itself, underlying the importance of wider perspectives on rural planning practices.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2412-2432
Issue: 12
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1958759
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1958759
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# input file: CEPS_A_2014789_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: José Manuel Naranjo Gómez
Author-X-Name-First: José Manuel
Author-X-Name-Last: Naranjo Gómez
Author-Name: Rui Alexandre Castanho
Author-X-Name-First: Rui Alexandre
Author-X-Name-Last: Castanho
Author-Name: Ana Vulevic
Author-X-Name-First: Ana
Author-X-Name-Last: Vulevic
Title: Analyzing Transportation Logistics and Infrastructure Sustainability in the Iberian Peninsula: The Case of Portugal Mainland
Abstract: 
 Transportation is one of the most meaningful references of unsustainability in regional urban areas. This difficulty is stimulating urban planners and decision-makers to introduce the concept of sustainability into their policy design at multiple levels. Contextually, through exploratory tools, the present study aims to analyze the impacts over the socio-economic sphere that those new plans could bring to the region and the local populations of Portugal Mainland. Also, analyses of regional disparities in Portugal focused on the socio-economic aspects and analyses on territorial cohesion concept where indicators organized in policy-oriented territorial objectives and then combined with an analytical framework. Besides, the study especially intends to cover sustainable accessibility (also one of the components of territorial cohesion), which aims to help regional planners determine the inherent obstacles and design possible alternatives at the strategic planning level for sustainable regional transport and land-use arrangement. The study shows that exist inequalities in the distribution of absolute accessibility. Value of accessibility in category “very high” in 192 towns (68,57%) settlements, in the central, coastal territory along the dual carriageway and national road corridors, live 81,7% population. Nevertheless, the regional inequalities pattern did not vary considerably in Portugal's last decade of funding policies.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2514-2536
Issue: 12
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.2014789
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.2014789
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# input file: CEPS_A_2033931_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Stefano Cozzolino
Author-X-Name-First: Stefano
Author-X-Name-Last: Cozzolino
Title: Advanced Introduction to Planning Theory
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2618-2620
Issue: 12
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2033931
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2033931
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# input file: CEPS_A_1895081_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Thomas Lexén
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Lexén
Author-Name: Mattias Qviström
Author-X-Name-First: Mattias
Author-X-Name-Last: Qviström
Title: Negotiating asymmetric borders in an emerging soft region
Abstract: 
 In contemporary planning, the development of soft regions through inter-municipal collaborations plays an increasingly important role. However, as previous research has shown, local borders and local jurisdiction are likely to remain as part and parcel of the new region. This paper argues the need to consider the geography of such local borders, to reveal asymmetries which could weaken the opportunities for inter-municipal collaboration. Following relational geography, we argue that the municipalities don’t necessarily share the same border; if understood as a relational effect, the border plays different roles for each municipality. With this in mind, we offer a case study of how a Swedish local border is being negotiated within planning. The case of Kumla and Hallsberg reveals how one municipality is active in trying to negotiate the border, whereas the other procrastinates around any action which do not lie in their interest. The result is a border haunted by decades of poorly coordinated, even provocative, planning actions. Our study opens up for a discussion on asymmetries and a relational understanding of the geography (and history) of planning, as well as for further studies of the interplay between the renegotiation of the local borders within emerging soft regions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2353-2372
Issue: 12
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1895081
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1895081
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# input file: CEPS_A_1923667_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Jiannis Kaucic
Author-X-Name-First: Jiannis
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaucic
Author-Name: Christophe Sohn
Author-X-Name-First: Christophe
Author-X-Name-Last: Sohn
Title: Mapping the cross-border cooperation ‘galaxy’: an exploration of scalar arrangements in Europe
Abstract: 
 The development of cross-border regionalism in Europe has given rise to a multitude of academic works focussing on the pattern, signification and evolution of cross-border cooperation. Most previous studies have, however, focused on individual cross-border cooperation initiatives as units of analysis and neglected their spatial relation to other initiatives. By mapping the perimeter, activity, geographical type, scale and spatial relations of 209 initiatives, the current paper provides an updated and more nuanced overview of the geography of cross-border cooperation in Europe. The cartographic exploration from a rescaling perspective reveals the varying accumulation, scalar focus and activity of cross-border cooperation across Europe and leads to the identification of different forms and evolutions of scalar arrangements constituted by their overlapping perimeters of action. The distinction between nested, overlapping and complex arrangements suggests that different scalar processes are involved in the ongoing structuration of cross-border cooperation, and calls for better consideration of these multi-scalar dynamics in future research.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2373-2393
Issue: 12
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1923667
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1923667
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# input file: CEPS_A_2043831_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Jasna Pocek
Author-X-Name-First: Jasna
Author-X-Name-Last: Pocek
Title: Tendencies towards integration and disintegration of the entrepreneurial ecosystem: an institution-based view of the dynamics
Abstract: 
 This empirical study adopts an institutional theory framework to analyze the interactions and complex dynamics of entrepreneurial ecosystems. While previous research investigated interactions between the different actors of the entrepreneurship ecosystem, little attention has been dedicated to understanding the impact of the interactions upon the ecosystem dynamics. Adopting a case study approach based on interviews with actors of the Lund University ecosystem, the paper shows that when depending on a specific set of formal and informal rules, the interactions can have differentiated impact on both integrative and disintegrative dynamics of the ecosystem. More specifically, a particular set of informal institutions, promotes the drivers of integration, while formal institutions in some situations can lead to the isolation of ecosystem actors and organizations, contributing to disintegration dynamics.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2575-2594
Issue: 12
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2043831
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2043831
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# input file: CEPS_A_2010661_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Emrah Söylemez
Author-X-Name-First: Emrah
Author-X-Name-Last: Söylemez
Author-Name: Cigdem Varol
Author-X-Name-First: Cigdem
Author-X-Name-Last: Varol
Title: Decoding the multiplex structure of border region networks: the case of the EU border of Turkey
Abstract: 
 Border regions have multi-layered and complex network structures consisting of transnational flows with spatial, social and administrative constraints. Despite these constraints, the cross-border relationships formed by the actors of these regions for different purposes create multiplex networks. This study conducts a comparative analysis of flows in border regions by extending the single network approach to a multiplex network approach and carries the subject of the border regions to an interdisciplinary perspective since it covers international relations, governance, local policy, regional concepts, as well as socio-spatial analysis. It contributes to a better understanding of these spatially and administratively bounded regions by developing a framework with two main dimensions: structure of relations and relational patterns. The socio-spatial relations in the external border of the European Union (Greece and Bulgaria) with Turkey are analyzed and the structural features as complex systems are discovered by topological and morphological understanding of complex networks. The findings highlight the significance of the multiplex dynamics of border region networks, which are more than the sum of single layer dynamics and help to better understand complex relations at the aggregate network level.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2492-2513
Issue: 12
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.2010661
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.2010661
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# input file: CEPS_A_2042051_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Fouad Mami
Author-X-Name-First: Fouad
Author-X-Name-Last: Mami
Title: Palestine is throwing a party and the whole world is invited: capital and state building in the West Bank
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2620-2621
Issue: 12
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2042051
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2042051
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# input file: CEPS_A_2016640_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Anna M. Hersperger
Author-X-Name-First: Anna M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Hersperger
Author-Name: Corina Thurnheer-Wittenwiler
Author-X-Name-First: Corina
Author-X-Name-Last: Thurnheer-Wittenwiler
Author-Name: Silvia Tobias
Author-X-Name-First: Silvia
Author-X-Name-Last: Tobias
Author-Name: Sara Folvig
Author-X-Name-First: Sara
Author-X-Name-Last: Folvig
Author-Name: Christian Fertner
Author-X-Name-First: Christian
Author-X-Name-Last: Fertner
Title: Digitalization in land-use planning: effects of digital plan data on efficiency, transparency and innovation
Abstract: 
 Digital transformation is shaping our lives and altering planning. Digitalization is closely linked to smart governance, through which administrative units such as cities and regions increasingly offer digital services related to spatial planning. However, the increasing digitalization of spatial planning has received little attention in academic planning literature, and few studies have analysed how digitalization affects planning practice. The aim of this study was to help fill this gap by developing an analytical framework based on efficiency, transparency and innovation, to explore how digital plan data affect land-use planning. The framework was applied in a multi-case study analysis of Austria, Germany and Switzerland. In this study, which is one of the first to shed empirical light on the digital transformation of land-use planning, we found changes in planning practice mainly in terms of efficiency and transparency, less in terms of innovation. We have identified a great need for further research to attend critically to digital transformation of planning in order to optimize the benefits for planning practice and to avoid an unreflective shift towards technocratic planning practices.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2537-2553
Issue: 12
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.2016640
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.2016640
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# input file: CEPS_A_2043832_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Paul Günter Schmidt
Author-X-Name-First: Paul Günter
Author-X-Name-Last: Schmidt
Author-Name: José M. Díaz-Puente
Author-X-Name-First: José M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Díaz-Puente
Author-Name: Maddalena Bettoni
Author-X-Name-First: Maddalena
Author-X-Name-Last: Bettoni
Title: How rurality influences interactive innovation processes: lessons learnt from 15 case studies in 12 countries
Abstract: 
 Rural regions are considered a key element to allow a shift towards sustainable development. However, to what extent they are able to innovate and how they integrate into interactive innovation processes considering their distance from urban centres remains unclear. By drawing on 15 case studies of interactive innovation in agriculture and rural development in a variety of rural regions across Europe, and combining a rural-urban typology with data on the quality of AKIS (Agricultural Knowledge and Innovation Systems), four classes of ruralities were defined. In them, the innovation process was analysed by paying special attention to the analytical aspects of: (i) organizational structure; (ii) initial idea; (iii) finance; (iv) access to extraregional resources. The results show that innovation in more rural regions is often inspired by external ideas, while drawing on already well-established networks. Rural entrepreneurs as individual actors drive innovation, but struggle in ‘thin’ environments with little support and scarce private funding. The private sector can buffer lack of AKIS support, but embedded NGOs and producers’ organizations act as last resorts in more remote regions. The study contributes to a profounder understanding of how rurality impacts innovation processes, offering an analytical framework for future rurality studies and policy interventions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2595-2617
Issue: 12
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2043832
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2043832
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# input file: CEPS_A_2009776_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Sune Wiingaard Stoustrup
Author-X-Name-First: Sune Wiingaard
Author-X-Name-Last: Stoustrup
Title: The re-coding of rural development rationality: tracing EU Governmentality and Europeanisation at the local level
Abstract: 
 The evolution of EU rural development policies and imaginaries have entailed that rural areas in Europe and their residents have been assigned specific roles concerning local responsibility and identities when it comes to attaining positive territorial development. The paper approaches the rationality of rural development as community-led through a lens of Governmentality and Europeanisation to explore how the local alignment of actions and government rationalities are linked. The presented research outlines rural development discourse first in EU rural policy and then at the local level through an analysis of text data published by a local development association. The paper traces the linkage between the two institutional levels and establishes how the success of rural development is not only to constitute issues and themes in a particular form but also to have these embedded locally.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2474-2491
Issue: 12
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.2009776
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.2009776
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# input file: CEPS_A_1958760_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Andrzej Jakubowski
Author-X-Name-First: Andrzej
Author-X-Name-Last: Jakubowski
Author-Name: Karolina Trykacz
Author-X-Name-First: Karolina
Author-X-Name-Last: Trykacz
Author-Name: Tomasz Studzieniecki
Author-X-Name-First: Tomasz
Author-X-Name-Last: Studzieniecki
Author-Name: Jakub Skibiński
Author-X-Name-First: Jakub
Author-X-Name-Last: Skibiński
Title: Identifying cross-border functional areas: conceptual background and empirical findings from Polish borderlands
Abstract: 
 Preparations for the EU’s post-2020 Multiannual Financial Framework have brought increased interest to the functional approach as a major paradigm of the EU policies towards cross-border areas. This approach aims to focus cross-border programmes on territories where there is a high degree of cross-border interaction. Cross-border functional areas (CBFAs) can be a potential instrument for this, fostering further reduction of cross-border barriers and enhancing flows of people, goods, materials and knowledge. However, certain aspects of this notion are rather vague. This includes both the way how to turn the rather discursive concept of the CBFA into more material-institutional practices, and how CBFAs can be identified in practice to successfully implement the EU’s cohesion policy. This paper debates the concept of the CBFA and proposes understanding CBFAs as spatially specific territorial complexes, located on two (or more) sides of a state border(s) that are not defined by administrative borders, but by cross-border functional linkages, a system of cooperative relationships and the existence of governance mechanisms. The paper proposes a novel approach for CBFA’s identification based on a four-level model, taking into account the selected criteria. The proposed framework enabled to identify CBFAs and potential CBFAs at the borders of Poland.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2433-2455
Issue: 12
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1958760
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1958760
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# input file: CEPS_A_1926437_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Patrik Tornberg
Author-X-Name-First: Patrik
Author-X-Name-Last: Tornberg
Author-Name: John Odhage
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Odhage
Title: Back and forth between openness and focusing: handling complexity in land use and transport coordination
Abstract: 
 This paper examines how complexity at the land use and transport (LUT) interface can be handled in practice, empirically focusing on a planning activity in Swedish national transport planning, so called Strategic Choice of Measures (SCM). Viewing LUT coordination as a question of handling complexity along two dimensions, one relating to the substantial issues of the problem, the other to the actors involved, the relation between open and focused approaches to delimitation of scope and the participation of actors are analysed in three SCM case studies. The study highlights two necessary but potentially contradicting conditions for LUT coordination. On the one hand, the complexity of problems at the LUT interface requires a comprehensive perspective and a diverse set of participants to enable a sufficiently wide framing of these problems. On the other hand, strategically rational actors will demand an approach which maintains a high degree of relevance for their particular interests, and the process therefore requires a focus on selected issues. The paper concludes that handling complexity at the LUT interface requires an acknowledgement of the need for both approaches, arguing that LUT coordination is benefitted by seeing openness and focusing as complementary rather than contradictory approaches in planning situations.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2394-2411
Issue: 12
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1926437
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1926437
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# input file: CEPS_A_2045571_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Faruk Seyitoğlu
Author-X-Name-First: Faruk
Author-X-Name-Last: Seyitoğlu
Author-Name: Carlos Costa
Author-X-Name-First: Carlos
Author-X-Name-Last: Costa
Title: A scenario planning framework for (post-)pandemic tourism in European destinations
Abstract: 
 Based on some presumptions or conditions to portray the future, scenario planning is a vital tool for scholarly evaluation of uncertainties and forming supportive strategies. Moreover, seeing that the course of the Covid-19 pandemic and the success of herd immunity is still not predictable, the world should be prepared for different future scenarios. In this vein, this study was designed to develop a scenario planning framework for the (post-)pandemic tourism in European destinations to make assumptions for the future and provide the necessary strategies. According to our scenarios, we suggest strategies comprising six main categories (financial strategies, travellers’ expectations and confidence, coordination and collaboration, employment, (post-)pandemic tourism marketing, and sustainable (post-) pandemic tourism) for policymakers, destination managers, stakeholders, and practitioners in European destinations. To the best of our knowledge, this research is the first that presents a comprehensive scenario planning framework for (post-)pandemic tourism in European destinations. Thus, it can play a reference role in understanding the different circumstances and determining the specific strategies to recover or re-design the industry in the (post-)pandemic epoch.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2554-2574
Issue: 12
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2045571
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2045571
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# input file: CEPS_A_1961690_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Marina López Sánchez
Author-X-Name-First: Marina
Author-X-Name-Last: López Sánchez
Author-Name: Mercedes Linares Gómez del Pulgar
Author-X-Name-First: Mercedes
Author-X-Name-Last: Linares Gómez del Pulgar
Author-Name: Antonio Tejedor Cabrera
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio
Author-X-Name-Last: Tejedor Cabrera
Title: Perspectives on proximity tourism planning in peri-urban areas
Abstract: 
 Proximity tourism planning is regarded as a significant challenge at the present time. This paper conceptualizes this type of tourism and justifies the need to approach it in post-coronavirus spatial planning scenarios, especially for addressing the peri-urban areas of medium and large cities, intermediate spaces of the contemporary urban model that have hardly been considered as tourism geographies. The conceptualization of proximity tourism and the justification of its current relevance are completed by a tourism planning proposal for the peri-urban territory of the city of Seville (Spain), which visualizes an implementation channel for the exposed theoretical reflections.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2456-2473
Issue: 12
Volume: 30
Year: 2022
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1961690
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1961690
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# input file: CEPS_A_2125794_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Ender Peker
Author-X-Name-First: Ender
Author-X-Name-Last: Peker
Title: Enabling widespread use of rainwater harvesting (RWH) systems: challenges and needs in twenty-first-century Istanbul
Abstract: 
 Water supply has been a chronic challenge in Istanbul since its foundation. Authorities have sought alternative methods since the Roman and Byzantine periods. Cisterns, channels and wells surveyed in urban heritage sites in Istanbul provide evidence of rainwater harvesting (RWH) as a working solution in the past. However, RWH systems have only been utilized in contemporary plans and policies very recently, particularly since the climate change crisis entered the political agenda in Turkey. Taking this as a point of departure, this paper investigates the challenges of widespread implementation of RWH systems in Istanbul through a participatory inquiry with water management actors. Challenges and needs are explored through a set of in-depth interviews and participatory workshops with representatives from water management institutions. The findings reveal that current challenges are related to planning and development, legislation and governance, financing, society, infrastructure, installation and operation of systems. The potential solution is the establishment of a governance mechanism that enables collective action among relevant actors.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 103-122
Issue: 1
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2125794
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2125794
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# input file: CEPS_A_2116271_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Florencia Franzini
Author-X-Name-First: Florencia
Author-X-Name-Last: Franzini
Author-Name: Sami Berghäll
Author-X-Name-First: Sami
Author-X-Name-Last: Berghäll
Author-Name: Anne Toppinen
Author-X-Name-First: Anne
Author-X-Name-Last: Toppinen
Author-Name: Ritva Toivonen
Author-X-Name-First: Ritva
Author-X-Name-Last: Toivonen
Title: Planning for wooden multistorey construction – insights from Finland's municipal civil servants
Abstract: 
 Municipalities across Finland are promoting wooden multistorey construction as a low-carbon alternative for building construction. However, do attitudes towards implementing these alternatives stem from the opportunity to reduce carbon emissions or because these alternatives are perceived to improve local economies? This research employs a survey to collects the attitudes of Finnish municipal civil servants towards implementing wooden multistorey buildings in their municipalities. The respondents represent a mix of administrative professionals such as planners, real estate managers, building inspectors and other strategic managerial professionals (n = 273, 8% response rate). Their responses reflect views from approximately 8% of all municipal civil servants working on municipal land use and planning issues during 2019. The findings reveal attitudes towards implementing wooden multistorey buildings are engendered by fulfilling ecological development, economic development, technical quality and output efficiency goals. Furthermore, comparing municipal planners to other municipal administrators reveals dissimilar planning logics. Municipal planners holistically prioritize the project's ecological and economic development outcomes. Other administrators chiefly prioritize economic development outcomes. Hence, some municipal administrators may value wooden multistorey construction primarily as an activity to improve municipal vitality rather than as a holistic spatial planning solution. Future research should identify whether these divergences lead to planning tensions within municipal administrations.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 168-188
Issue: 1
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2116271
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2116271
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# input file: CEPS_A_2088230_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Megan Buckland
Author-X-Name-First: Megan
Author-X-Name-Last: Buckland
Author-Name: Dorina Pojani
Author-X-Name-First: Dorina
Author-X-Name-Last: Pojani
Title: Green space accessibility in Europe: a comparative study of five major cities
Abstract: 
 In the current era of climate breakdown, access to green space is not optional – it is vital. This study investigates the current disparities in urban green space access in five medium-sized European cities: Birmingham, Brussels, Milan, Prague and Stockholm. Through a GIS-based network analysis, we explore whether disparities in urban green space access (1) relate to income inequalities within cities and/or (2) are based on a city’s regional location within Europe. We find that Prague presents the highest green space accessibility, followed by Stockholm, Brussels, Birmingham, and finally Milan. Higher-income residents have more access to green space in Brussels, Milan, Prague, and Stockholm. In Birmingham, however, lower-income neighbourhoods presented higher green accessibility. Urban green spaces were distributed differently across the various European regions, each of which has a unique history and planning culture. Urban planners are challenged to redress these disparities – while considering the unique environmental, economic, social, and cultural dimensions of each place.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 146-167
Issue: 1
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2088230
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2088230
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# input file: CEPS_A_2121604_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Annamari Kiviaho
Author-X-Name-First: Annamari
Author-X-Name-Last: Kiviaho
Author-Name: Saija Toivonen
Author-X-Name-First: Saija
Author-X-Name-Last: Toivonen
Title: Forces impacting the real estate market environment in shrinking cities: possible drivers of future development
Abstract: 
 Urban shrinkage poses significant challenges to Real Estate markets in Shrinking Cities and has multiple negative impacts on society, environment and economy. Although major cities are growing rapidly, a significant volume of building stock and population will endure in shrinking cities in the future. To enhance the resilience of local real estate markets and communities, forces that offer novel possibilities for shrinking cities should be actively studied. This study deepens understanding of the forces affecting the real estate market environments of Shrinking Cities by examining the public discourse and the perceptions of local market participants, both of which steer future market development. To identify and analyse these forces, an environmental scanning method was employed, using as data sources 872 Finnish newspaper articles and 45 interviews with market actors in eight Shrinking Cities in Finland. The results categorise the identified forces under three themes that describe the drivers of future market development. The findings indicate that, although the Real Estate markets of Shrinking Cities face challenges, forces such as telecommuting, multi-local living and emerging industries may offer new opportunities and slow urban shrinkage. The findings may be utilised to steer the development of Shrinking Cities in a more resilient direction.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 189-211
Issue: 1
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2121604
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2121604
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# input file: CEPS_A_2060706_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Jani Petteri Lukkarinen
Author-X-Name-First: Jani Petteri
Author-X-Name-Last: Lukkarinen
Author-Name: Hanna Nieminen
Author-X-Name-First: Hanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Nieminen
Author-Name: David Lazarevic
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Lazarevic
Title: Transitions in planning: transformative policy visions of the circular economy and blue bioeconomy meet planning practice
Abstract: 
 Ongoing sustainability challenges create pressure on planning practices and institutional arrangements. Transformative policy visions, such as the circular economy and bioeconomy, create promises for designing and planning sustainable pathways in society. Moreover, research agendas on sustainability transitions, such as transition management, are developing toolkits and attempting to shift planning practice by applying evidence-based policy-making processes. In this paper, we ask what happens when sustainability visions are exposed to planning practices, and vice versa, by developing an analytical framework to discuss processes of territorialization and mobilization. We draw lessons from two contextually differing case studies in Finland; on the evaluation of spatial planning processes for the circular economy and a strategic planning intervention for the blue bioeconomy. The disparate cases show that the planning process act as a bidirectional intermediary space, refining both the general transition visions and established planning practices.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 55-75
Issue: 1
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2060706
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2060706
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# input file: CEPS_A_2126721_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Ria-Maria Adams
Author-X-Name-First: Ria-Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Adams
Author-Name: Alla Bolotova
Author-X-Name-First: Alla
Author-X-Name-Last: Bolotova
Author-Name: Ville Alasalmi
Author-X-Name-First: Ville
Author-X-Name-Last: Alasalmi
Title: Liveability under shrinkage: initiatives in the ‘capital of pessimism’ in Finland
Abstract: 
 This article focuses on local initiatives and the agency of residents in the shrinking town of Puolanka in northern Finland. Structural opportunities and constraints shape individual and collective agency in the community, as they steer how people create and develop initiatives. We discuss how local initiatives impact the sense of place among those who would like to stay in their rural hometown. A group of local activists facetiously market Puolanka as the ‘most pessimistic town’ in the world, turning shrinkange, decay, and pessimism into the town's brand. Beyond the pessimism brand several other initiatives, which are either created by engaged local residents or are municipality-led, are revitalizing and enhancing the liveability of Puolanka. By applying ethnographic research methods, we aim to show how initiatives improve the well-being and contribute to the place perception of residents. Such initiatives create jobs, albeit usually in small numbers, improve the physical space, stabilize the sense of community and can bring hope to a place characterized by increasing abandonment, decay, and the loss of local services.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 212-229
Issue: 1
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2126721
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2126721
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# input file: CEPS_A_2060707_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Jo Williams
Author-X-Name-First: Jo
Author-X-Name-Last: Williams
Title: Circular cities: planning for circular development in European cities
Abstract: 
 Circular development could produce more resource efficient, ecologically regenerative and resilient cities. This development pathway offers many ecological, social and economic benefits. However, there are also many challenges to implementation, not least a heavy reliance on the market to transform urban systems of provision. A regulatory and policy framework is essential for a circular transformation, until circular activities become competitive within existing markets. Spatial and land-use planning can offer this framework. This paper provides insight into the circular development process. It discusses the role of planning in delivering circular development, using examples from four European cities. It identifies the tools for delivery and discusses the inherent limitations of using planning tools to deliver a circular transformation.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 14-35
Issue: 1
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2060707
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2060707
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# input file: CEPS_A_2070424_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Franziska Ehnert
Author-X-Name-First: Franziska
Author-X-Name-Last: Ehnert
Title: Review of research into urban experimentation in the fields of sustainability transitions and environmental governance
Abstract: 
 In recent years, scholars from diverse research communities have become greatly interested in the experimental turn within the social sciences and economics. A rapidly emerging field within the literature on experimentation is investigating urban experimentation to promote sustainability transitions. Emphasising the situatedness of experiments, such publications are shedding light on the particularities of places and spaces. Experimentation conducted in real-world settings seeks to combine purposeful intervention with observation and reflection. In the study of urban experimentation, various disciplinary lenses and conceptual frameworks have emerged, especially in the two literatures on sustainability transitions and environmental governance. This has fostered a more complex, differentiated understanding of experimentation. The literature review presented here seeks to elaborate current lines of inquiry on urban experimentation in order to gain insight into how experimentation shapes urban sustainability transitions. By outlining the complementary and contrasting nature of different academic perspectives, it is possible to identify avenues of future research and encourage dialogue between the different research communities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 76-102
Issue: 1
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2070424
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2070424
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# input file: CEPS_A_2057185_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Marco Bianchi
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Bianchi
Author-Name: Mauro Cordella
Author-X-Name-First: Mauro
Author-X-Name-Last: Cordella
Author-Name: Pierre Menger
Author-X-Name-First: Pierre
Author-X-Name-Last: Menger
Title: Regional monitoring frameworks for the circular economy: implications from a territorial perspective
Abstract: 
 Progress in implementing circular solutions in European regions has so far been limited. This is partly due to the multifaceted territorial contexts characterizing the continent. Ultimately, the understanding of territorial dynamics is key to envisage a successful transition to a circular economy (CE). However, CE discussion from a regional standpoint is still limited and CE frameworks that can be applied to monitor and measure the CE potential in a specific territory remain at a rather theoretical level. This paper contributes to this research gap by (1) presenting a regional monitoring framework across three case studies; (2) analysing the respective territorial patterns from a CE perspective. The three case studies include the central cross-border Scandinavian area, Switzerland and Liechtenstein, and the Duchy of Luxembourg. The results reveal that circular initiatives are generally designed on the basis of available local resources and, depending on these, regional strategies seek to optimize the technical and/or biological cycles of local economies. Furthermore, the increasing levels of waste generation observed in all case studies challenge traditional waste policy approaches, generally centred on end-of-life management, in favour of more ambitious initiatives aimed at optimizing use of resources and preventing waste.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 36-54
Issue: 1
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2057185
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2057185
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# input file: CEPS_A_2133909_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Philip Cooke
Author-X-Name-First: Philip
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke
Title: Special issue: 2023 EPS Jubilee Issue. Global heating and crisis mitigation
Abstract: 
 In this article four main things are done. First, the difference between ‘disaster preparedness’ and the established field of ‘disaster planning’ is denoted. The latter, confusingly, is seen as post hoc aftermath response rather than prepared forethought. Second, there is a discussion about the similarities between ‘disaster clean-up’ in Roman times which was extorted as taxation from the poor to subsidize the rich and neo-liberal taxation policy in today’s advanced economies, which similarly expropriate the poor to enable the rich to extort more wealth at the poor’s expense. Third, we explore some weaknesses of ostensibly ‘green’ policy-making, which betrays traits of narcissism, egotism and vanity which should be avoided at all costs because they occasion failure and further raids on the taxpayer base in many cases. Finally, 10 papers are introduced, ranging from varieties of ‘circular City’, to rainfall harvesting, green space accounting and transition to wooden construction and revitalization of urban shrinkage settings.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1-13
Issue: 1
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2133909
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2133909
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# input file: CEPS_A_2075221_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Nefta-Eleftheria Votsi
Author-X-Name-First: Nefta-Eleftheria
Author-X-Name-Last: Votsi
Title: Green urban areas as ecological indicators: combining in situ data and satellite products
Abstract: 
 We investigated whether green urban areas (GUA) improve the urban environment. Field measurements were conducted to record noise and light pollution as well as other environmental characteristics in four GUA in Athens. The biodiversity status of the examined areas was derived from the existing data. Not all GUA represent ecological refuges, mostly depending on their configuration. Special attention should be drawn to planning and designing GUA so that human pressures could not penetrate. Soundscape assessment combined with artificial lighting, environmental and biodiversity status investigation of a site clarifies the edge effect of ecosystems leading to an alternative, integrated, multidimensional management approach.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 123-145
Issue: 1
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2075221
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2075221
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# input file: CEPS_A_2041557_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Romina Rodela
Author-X-Name-First: Romina
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodela
Author-Name: Emma Norss
Author-X-Name-First: Emma
Author-X-Name-Last: Norss
Title: Opening up spatial planning to the participation of children and youth: the Swedish experience
Abstract: 
 This article reports on a study examining the pathway to and practices for inclusive participatory planning in Sweden. Recently, the Swedish government has transposed the UN’s Convention on the Rights of the Child into national law, making it a requirement for Swedish planners to involve children and youth in participatory spatial planning processes. The challenges planners face when needing to open up planning and engage children and youth in more structured ways, have not been discussed very much just yet. This study uses Sweden-centered empirical literature together with interviews with a selected group of respondents to contribute at that debate.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 252-269
Issue: 2
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2041557
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2041557
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# input file: CEPS_A_2055962_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Tore Frimanslund
Author-X-Name-First: Tore
Author-X-Name-Last: Frimanslund
Author-Name: Grzegorz Kwiatkowski
Author-X-Name-First: Grzegorz
Author-X-Name-Last: Kwiatkowski
Author-Name: Ove Oklevik
Author-X-Name-First: Ove
Author-X-Name-Last: Oklevik
Title: The role of finance in the literature of entrepreneurial ecosystems
Abstract: 
 Financial access is considered a crucial element of entrepreneurship. Much of the literature focuses on how individual actors demand or supply finance, but rarely within the context of systemic entrepreneurship. The current entrepreneurial finance literature is fragmented and rooted in various traditions. However, the entrepreneur’s perceived role in aggregated wealth creation is currently being strengthened, most recently by the emerging entrepreneurial ecosystem perspective. This calls for exploring the role of finance in systemic entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial ecosystems. By conducting a systematic literature review of financial determinants, sources and effects, the study synthesizes debates across the different research fields, i.e. finance, entrepreneurship and regional development. As the entrepreneurial ecosystem concept is considered a pre-paradigmatic approach, the paper argues that the role of finance depends on how we regard and define ecosystems. The state of knowledge is also underdeveloped due to the obstacles of acquiring longitudinal data. Such issues keep us from achieving a better evolutionary and processual understanding of the financial dynamics in ecosystems and, therefore, presents a promising avenue for future research.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 372-391
Issue: 2
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2055962
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2055962
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# input file: CEPS_A_2106552_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Gizem Aksümer
Author-X-Name-First: Gizem
Author-X-Name-Last: Aksümer
Title: Planning practice and academic knowledge: different perspectives of urban planners in Turkey
Abstract: 
 This empirical study discusses the relationship between theory and practice in planning in Turkey. Drawing on the perspectives of private office planners, municipal planners, and academicians, this paper contributes to research into the relationship between academic knowledge and practice in urban planning. The study argues that planning practice in Turkey does not match very well to current approaches or new conceptual discussions about planning. By focusing on the relationship between theory and practice, this study explores the relationship between academic knowledge and planning practice and why there is a disconnection in Turkey. The first reason is the lack of communication and cooperation between the three groups of planners. Secondly, planning in Turkey is dominated by outdated laws, rules, and regulations and current theoretical discussions cannot infiltrate planning practice.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 231-251
Issue: 2
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2106552
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2106552
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# input file: CEPS_A_2054659_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Markku Sotarauta
Author-X-Name-First: Markku
Author-X-Name-Last: Sotarauta
Author-Name: Heli Kurikka
Author-X-Name-First: Heli
Author-X-Name-Last: Kurikka
Author-Name: Jari Kolehmainen
Author-X-Name-First: Jari
Author-X-Name-Last: Kolehmainen
Title: Change agency and path development in peripheral regions: from pulp production towards eco-industry in Lapland
Abstract: 
 In this paper, we identify the patterns of change agency in peripheral regions and the forces shaping them. The following are the main research questions: (a) what are the patterns of local change agency like in peripheral regions and (b) what causes patterns of local change agency? We seek answers to these questions by carrying out a detailed analysis of trinity of change agency in Lapland, Finland. We show how the pattern of it evolves in time, and how, in a crisis, new modes of agency surface and key actors need to learn new ways of intervening. Change agents need to build confidence and mobilize resources, capabilities and power. The empirical study follows a longitudinal single case study design. The empirical data were based on 15 interviews of the national and local/regional development agencies as well as from firms and research/educational organizations. Additionally, the written material from the Internet, relevant journals, related newspaper articles and respective policy documents were analysed. The empirical analysis identifies the main phases of path development in Eastern Lapland, key actors in different phases and their agency.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 348-371
Issue: 2
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2054659
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2054659
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# input file: CEPS_A_2048575_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Jan Schreurs
Author-X-Name-First: Jan
Author-X-Name-Last: Schreurs
Title: The urban planning imagination. A critical international introduction
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 430-431
Issue: 2
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2048575
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2048575
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# input file: CEPS_A_2049709_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Josef Klement
Author-X-Name-First: Josef
Author-X-Name-Last: Klement
Author-Name: Jan Kozák
Author-X-Name-First: Jan
Author-X-Name-Last: Kozák
Author-Name: Miroslav Ševčík
Author-X-Name-First: Miroslav
Author-X-Name-Last: Ševčík
Author-Name: Štěpán Pekárek
Author-X-Name-First: Štěpán
Author-X-Name-Last: Pekárek
Title: Causes of opposition to residential development: a survey-framing experiment from the Czech Republic
Abstract: 
 One of the reasons for rising real estate prices may be the opposition to new housing development. Using a survey-framing experiment, we examine the persuasiveness of five arguments against residential development on a representative sample of 1,801 inhabitants of Czech cities. In addition to traditional concerns about the risks of increased population density and changes in neighbourhood character, we examine perceived unfairness as an alternative argument. Our conclusions show that the perception of unfair activities of developers and rental investors plays an important role. Furthermore, among the traditional concerns, the short-term effects disrupting life in the vicinity of the construction site proved to be the strongest. If Czech developers change their strategy from selling apartments to renting them, as they plan, our findings indicate that public support for residential development projects could decrease even further. This is the first experimental study to examine the causes of NIMBY sentiment against residential development in a post-communist country. Our results are not fundamentally different from research conducted in the U.S. And that is despite very different institutional settings in the Czech Republic, which were negatively affected by forty years of totalitarian rule and the centrally planned economy.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 306-327
Issue: 2
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2049709
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2049709
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# input file: CEPS_A_2038544_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Mattias Kärrholm
Author-X-Name-First: Mattias
Author-X-Name-Last: Kärrholm
Author-Name: Tina Gudrun Jensen
Author-X-Name-First: Tina Gudrun
Author-X-Name-Last: Jensen
Author-Name: Laleh Foroughanfar
Author-X-Name-First: Laleh
Author-X-Name-Last: Foroughanfar
Author-Name: Rebecka Söderberg
Author-X-Name-First: Rebecka
Author-X-Name-Last: Söderberg
Title: Migration, place-making and the rescaling of urban space
Abstract: 
 The purpose of this article is to contribute to a refined perspective on how the practices of everyday life can challenge existing spatial scale relations, as well as produce new ones, and how this in turn can be addressed by planning. The investigation is based on a discussion of empirical studies dealing with the role of migrants in processes of place-making and urban transformation. In the article, we look particularly at how migrants challenge more established scale relations of certain places and cities in Nordic countries. We illustrate how cases of heterogenic place-making contest established urban scales such as the home, the neighbourhood and the city, and suggest a series of modalities that may be used in the context of urban planning and design, to describe and study these processes in greater detail. The modalities include the notions of extension and compression, up- and downscaling, side-stepping and a multiple order of scales.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 270-286
Issue: 2
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2038544
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2038544
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# input file: CEPS_A_2057186_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Jeanne Mosseray
Author-X-Name-First: Jeanne
Author-X-Name-Last: Mosseray
Author-Name: Nele Aernouts
Author-X-Name-First: Nele
Author-X-Name-Last: Aernouts
Author-Name: Michael Ryckewaert
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Ryckewaert
Title: Institutional ethnography: a transformative mode of inquiry in the renovation of a Brussels high-rise housing estate
Abstract: 
 In spite of a clear interest in ethnography and institutions, the method of institutional ethnography has been underexplored in the planning field. This paper looks at its critical potential in the renovation process of the high-rise social housing estate of Peterbos, Brussels. By doing, it sheds light on its transformative capacity. Using multiple approaches of institutional ethnography enabled us not only to develop a better understanding of local communities in planning processes, but also to argue for an increased self-reflexivity and responsiveness of institutions, essential for creating a more critical planning practice. We conclude institutional ethnography can inform planning practice in two ways. First, the approach can help planning scholars reveal power relations and explore grounded collaborative practices, based on everyday concerns of inhabitants and institutions. Second, any actor operating within and beyond the institutional field of planning can strive for ways of knowing that are embedded in everyday life experiences. However, this requires to embrace open-minded perspectives and open-ended inquiries in those locations where institutional policies and practices are being felt.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 392-408
Issue: 2
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2057186
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2057186
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# input file: CEPS_A_2053661_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Alexandra Frangenheim
Author-X-Name-First: Alexandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Frangenheim
Title: Regional preconditions to shape interpath relations across regions: two cases from the Austrian food sector
Abstract: 
 Regional restructuring in the context of societal dynamics involves the development of several, possibly interacting regional industrial paths. Conceptualizations in evolutionary economic geography and innovation studies analyze the effects of relating regional industrial paths in the same regional or national context. While policy makers at EU, national and regional scales support research and development of transformative activities in different regions across countries, scholarly contributions on interpath relations across regions and the role of regional preconditions to enable paths in shaping them are scarce. This article combines recent conceptualizations of interpath relations within regions with considerations about the multi-scalarity of asset availability and modification to conceptualize interpath relations across regions. A framework is developed to explain how reinforcing or impeding effects of interpath relations across regions are related to regional preconditions. Empirically, transformative food sector innovations initiated to tackle societal challenges are investigated as an under-researched topic in the path development literature. Two case studies in a peripheral and a core region provide exemplified results about regional differences in supporting asset modification at multiple scales and demonstrate reinforcing or impeding effects for path development resulting from interpath relations across regions. The article offers policy recommendations and presents avenues for further research.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 328-347
Issue: 2
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2053661
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2053661
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# input file: CEPS_A_2059345_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Carsten Rietmann
Author-X-Name-First: Carsten
Author-X-Name-Last: Rietmann
Title: Corporate responsibility and place leadership in rural digitalization: the case of Hidden Champions
Abstract: 
 We examine the role of Hidden Champions in rural areas in advancing regional digitalization through corporate local and regional responsibility and place leadership. Endowed with abundant internal resources and high innovative capacity, these global niche market leaders face regional resource constraints, concerning digital infrastructure and workforce with digital capabilities. 57 semi-structured interviews with firm representatives and regional actors in rural Germany are analyzed. We show that these enterprises strategically use measures of corporate local and regional responsibility and exert place leadership to develop digitalization-related assets in their rural regions. These initiatives are operated through modes of both inclusive and exclusive agency and benefit. We find that the motives for these actions are grounded in a perceived lack of swiftness and capacity of public actors, but also entail emotional attachment to the region, particularly for family businesses. Our findings have implications for regional policymakers, such as targeting greater alignment of regional and corporate development goals.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 409-429
Issue: 2
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2059345
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2059345
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# input file: CEPS_A_2049217_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20220907T060133 git hash: 85d61bd949
Author-Name: Binnur Öktem Ünsal
Author-X-Name-First: Binnur
Author-X-Name-Last: Öktem Ünsal
Title: The regressive planning practice of private sector planners under the pressure of political and market forces in Turkey
Abstract: 
 Private-sector planners in Turkey have been operating in a planning system that has been restructured within the framework of neoliberal urban policies for the last forty years. Especially after 2000, while the model of growth over construction was adopted as a basic economic policy, the planning practices that implemented these policies were seen as a means of capital accumulation by wider social groups. In this economic political environment, private-sector planners have entered into new relationships with politics, markets, and bureaucracy, and have settled in the centre of criticism with professional practices that fall behind the basic principles of the profession, such as land speculation and serving certain pressure groups instead of the public interest. This article focuses on the conditions in which private-sector planners realize their planning practices and the problems they encounter in their plan-making processes. According to private-sector planners, the most important problem is the increase in the determination of rent-oriented interest relations between public institutions and local market actors instead of public benefit in the planning process. Private-sector planners believe that at every stage of the planning process, politicians and market actors exert pressure on planners, and that these forces have caused Turkey's planning practices to decline.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 287-305
Issue: 2
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2049217
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2049217
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# input file: CEPS_A_2065878_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Joseph Salukvadze
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph
Author-X-Name-Last: Salukvadze
Author-Name: Kristof Van Assche
Author-X-Name-First: Kristof
Author-X-Name-Last: Van Assche
Title: Multiple transformations, coordination and public goods. Tbilisi and the search for planning as collective strategy
Abstract: 
 Tbilisi has undergone spectacular changes which can be grasped by the concept of ‘Multiple Transformations’, characteristic of post-socialist cities. Along with the reform of legislative, institutional and social frameworks, an urban or spatial transformation took place. We distinguish different phases of Tbilisi's urban transformation, discuss the reasons and analyze the outcomes of the transitional process. We argue that the multiple transformations which occurred since the 90's jeopardized many collective goods essential to the quality of urban life, while that same multiplicity destroyed mechanisms of coordination in governance, mechanisms which would have been helpful in defining a new form of urban governance and urban planning. Transition thus created a need for collective strategy while rendering the formation and implementation of such strategy hard. The multiple transitions concept proved helpful not only in analyzing a particular instance of urban change but also in linking that change to contextualized options for future strategy. In the case of Tbilisi, the analysis highlighted the time needed to rebuild institutions, clarify false oppositions, find value in combining planning and market principles, and in the basic idea of coordinated action towards collective goals.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 719-737
Issue: 4
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2065878
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2065878
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# input file: CEPS_A_2079074_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Cristian Mardones
Author-X-Name-First: Cristian
Author-X-Name-Last: Mardones
Title: Economic effects of isolating Russia from international trade due to its ‘special military operation’ in Ukraine
Abstract: 
 The international community has reacted with surprising speed and unity to Russia’s ‘special military operation’ on Ukrainian territory through commercial and financial sanctions to achieve its economic isolation. This military action will change the relations between Russia and most world countries in ways that cannot yet be foreseen. This study analyzes the short-term effects of international trade interruptions on the economy, considering different isolation scenarios. The hypothetical extraction method and a multi-regional input-output model are used to simulate the economic effects on the production of 189 countries. The results show that the most affected country is Russia, with a drop in production of 10.1% in the scenario with sanctions from the European Union and 14.8% when the sanctions are also applied by Australia, Canada, Japan, United States, and the United Kingdom. The European countries with the greatest geographical proximity and strong trade flow with Russia suffer a significant drop in their production, including Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Finland, Hungary, and Poland. In Russia, the most affected economic sectors are Re-export & Re-import and Mining & Quarrying. Finally, the estimated impacts are a lower bound since the effects associated with financial sanctions, exchange rates, commodity prices, among others, are not considered.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 663-678
Issue: 4
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2079074
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2079074
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# input file: CEPS_A_2057187_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: José Francisco Andrade
Author-X-Name-First: José Francisco
Author-X-Name-Last: Andrade
Author-Name: Sofia Kalakou
Author-X-Name-First: Sofia
Author-X-Name-Last: Kalakou
Author-Name: Renato Lopes da Costa
Author-X-Name-First: Renato
Author-X-Name-Last: Lopes da Costa
Title: Exploratory analysis of seaplane operations in Greece: insights of a survey and SWOT analysis
Abstract: 
 Seaplanes as a transport mode provide the flexibility of using land and water infrastructure for their operations. This functionality presents an opportunity for regions with water surfaces, especially when the sea and air connectivity are the only options. This paper presents an exploratory analysis of seaplanes’ potential as a mode of transport in Greece. After reviewing the topics of air connectivity, remote regions and the coexistence of modes of transport, a survey is designed to collect information on the perspectives of potential users in the Greek region. In total 200 replies of residents and non-residents of the country are collected and reflect a social perspective of seaplane operations. It is found that the main aspects that would motivate passengers to choose seaplanes would be the offered trip duration, the ticket price and the trip convenience. The collected information is used for the elaboration of SWOT analyses that assess seaplane operations at a strategic decision-making level in transport planning and technology management. The analysis concludes that the potential of seaplanes as a transport mode lies on the enhancement of sustainable transport, the connectivity of isolated regions and their economic growth.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 679-699
Issue: 4
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2057187
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2057187
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# input file: CEPS_A_2091407_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Vratislav Havlík
Author-X-Name-First: Vratislav
Author-X-Name-Last: Havlík
Title: The Europeanization of territoriality and its limits: the territorial dimension of EU cohesion policy and its varying implementation
Abstract: 
 In the framework of the territorial dimension of EU cohesion policy, the European Commission has been offering the establishment of functional regions. The response at the member state level has been very diverse, though. Whereas some states have established ‘new regions’, others have been reluctant to do so. The article argues that states and/or regions may veto the Europeanization process on the grounds of protecting their territoriality. More specifically, it avers that the more money is allocated in the member state and the less the cities are dominated by the regions, the higher the chance of differential empowerment of cities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 802-821
Issue: 4
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2091407
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2091407
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# input file: CEPS_A_2093606_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Eduardo Medeiros
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Medeiros
Author-Name: Martín Guillermo Ramírez
Author-X-Name-First: Martín
Author-X-Name-Last: Guillermo Ramírez
Author-Name: Giulia Brustia
Author-X-Name-First: Giulia
Author-X-Name-Last: Brustia
Author-Name: Anna Cinzia Dellagiacoma
Author-X-Name-First: Anna Cinzia
Author-X-Name-Last: Dellagiacoma
Author-Name: Caitriona A. Mullan
Author-X-Name-First: Caitriona A.
Author-X-Name-Last: Mullan
Title: Reducing border barriers for cross-border commuters in Europe via the EU b-solutions initiative
Abstract: 
 For more than six decades, the European Union (EU) has promoted, one way or the other, systematic European territorial integration, understood as the process of reducing many kinds of cross-border barriers. This article debates the role of the EU b-solutions initiative in facilitating cross-border commuting in Europe via its contribution to a body of knowledge, which, in its practical application, has the potential to act as a resource to be drawn on in the mitigation of a wide range of legal-administrative barriers. A theoretical framework for relating cross-border commuting and cross-border barriers is set out, and existing cases from the b-solutions initiative are mapped against it. The authors demonstrate the framework’s value as a tool for determining the relevance of cross-border obstacles and solution factors for the issue of cross-border commuting. The paper concludes that the EU b-solutions contributed with concrete policy actions as well as a body of knowledge and solution-orientated planning towards reducing a range of legal-administrative cross-border barriers in Europe, and therefore represents a set of lebenswelt interventions contributing to the potential for increasing cross-border commuting flows.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 822-841
Issue: 4
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2093606
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2093606
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# input file: CEPS_A_2057918_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Claudia Basta
Author-X-Name-First: Claudia
Author-X-Name-Last: Basta
Title: Urban Ethics: Conflicts Over the Good and Proper Life in Cities
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 842-843
Issue: 4
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2057918
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2057918
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# input file: CEPS_A_2082243_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Anastasios Magoutas
Author-X-Name-First: Anastasios
Author-X-Name-Last: Magoutas
Author-Name: Dimitris Manolopoulos
Author-X-Name-First: Dimitris
Author-X-Name-Last: Manolopoulos
Author-Name: Giannis T. Tsoulfas
Author-X-Name-First: Giannis T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsoulfas
Author-Name: Maria Koudeli
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Koudeli
Title: Economic impact of road transportation infrastructure projects: the case of Egnatia Odos Motorway
Abstract: 
 Non-cyclical and high-leverage infrastructure projects, such as road transportation networks, have been considered as critical policy instruments to promote growth and social development. Yet, their growth-generating effect on the economic welfare of countries and regions has come under scrutiny in recent years: several studies have nuanced the implicit positive associations between investments in transportation and economic benefits. Building upon a set of traffic flow characteristics as potential correlates to the regional development indicator, this research focuses on the economic impacts of Egnatia Odos Motorway (EOM) on Greece's Northern region. To specify, by employing a large-scale longitudinal dataset which includes over 230 million entry records of various vehicle types along EOM, generated from toll collection systems between 2010 and 2019, we investigate the associations between traffic data and potential variations in regional GDP per capita annual growth rate. Our results suggest positive associations between regional economic development and the EOM operation and, more specifically, with passengers' transportation and inland freight. We conclude that transportation big data provide essential input for the appraisal of a road transport investment project, reveal the status of regional welfare, and may contain valuable information for spatial management and planning.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 780-801
Issue: 4
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2082243
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2082243
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# input file: CEPS_A_2058321_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Tobias Chilla
Author-X-Name-First: Tobias
Author-X-Name-Last: Chilla
Author-Name: Markus Lambracht
Author-X-Name-First: Markus
Author-X-Name-Last: Lambracht
Title: Institutional mapping of cross-border cooperation. INTERREG programme analyses with KEEP data
Abstract: 
 In recent years, a growing number of institutional mapping approaches has reflected on border regions’ development. These approaches visualise the relationship between institutional and spatial patterns. In parallel, the quality and quantity of cooperation-related information in the EU KEEP database (DB) is continuously increasing. The aim of our paper is two-fold. Firstly, we aim to understand the cooperation dynamics and funding geographies of the recent INTERREG A period. We do so with the example of cross-border programmes with German participation. More concretely, we scrutinise the relationships that exist between the spatial configurations of funded project cooperation, the involved thematic topics and the role of territorial contexts, particularly in terms of the degree of urbanisation and distance to a border. Secondly, we reflect on the potential and limitations of institutional mapping based on KEEP data. Specifically, we explore the explanatory capacity of institutional mappings based on KEEP data and discuss the blind spots that must be considered and how these could be addressed. The general conclusion from our paper is that institutional mapping based on the KEEP DB proves to be a strong data exploration tool with potential for comparative analyses. However, it has clear limitations with regard to causality testing.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 700-718
Issue: 4
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2058321
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2058321
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# input file: CEPS_A_2073787_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Anabela Santos
Author-X-Name-First: Anabela
Author-X-Name-Last: Santos
Author-Name: John Edwards
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Edwards
Author-Name: Paulo Neto
Author-X-Name-First: Paulo
Author-X-Name-Last: Neto
Title: Does Smart Specialisation improve any innovation subsidy effect on regional productivity? The Portuguese case
Abstract: 
 Smart Specialisation is a place-based approach to innovation policy that underpins a significant amount of European Union funding. Following more than six years of implementation, this paper contributes to the evaluation of the Smart Specialisation approach based on the case of Portugal. This is done using the country’s main instrument to support corporate Research, Development and Innovation (RDI) that was launched in 2007 and adapted to accommodate Smart Specialisation in 2014. Using aggregate corporate data at NUTS 3 level from 2008 to 2018 and spatial econometric analysis, the results display a positive effect on regional productivity from the RDI subsidies over the two programming periods under analysis (2007 to 2013 and 2014 to 2020), and a higher return of subsidies in the second period, suggesting that Smart Specialisation was able to generate an additional effect. We also found that Smart Specialisation has only been able to generate this additional effect in regional productivity when the Research & Development funding instrument is combined with other types of innovation subsidies.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 758-779
Issue: 4
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2073787
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2073787
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# input file: CEPS_A_2068950_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Alessio Giustolisi
Author-X-Name-First: Alessio
Author-X-Name-Last: Giustolisi
Author-Name: Maximilian Benner
Author-X-Name-First: Maximilian
Author-X-Name-Last: Benner
Author-Name: Michaela Trippl
Author-X-Name-First: Michaela
Author-X-Name-Last: Trippl
Title: Smart specialisation strategies: towards an outward-looking approach
Abstract: 
 In recent years, regional innovation policies across Europe have relied on the smart specialisation approach to support new path development. However, its focus on endogenous knowledge flows remains a major weakness of the approach. This article argues that smart specialisation has to adopt an outward-looking approach that combines knowledge flows external and internal to the region. Based on four stylised types of regions, the article proposes generic strategies that can be pursued through smart specialisation. In terms of its policy implications, the article argues that policymakers should develop their regions’ external connectedness strategically to leverage complementarities in global knowledge flows for new path development.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 738-757
Issue: 4
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2068950
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2068950
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# input file: CEPS_A_2069463_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Jinhyo Joseph Yun
Author-X-Name-First: Jinhyo Joseph
Author-X-Name-Last: Yun
Author-Name: Xiaofei Zhao
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaofei
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao
Author-Name: Lei Ma
Author-X-Name-First: Lei
Author-X-Name-Last: Ma
Author-Name: Zhiguo Xu
Author-X-Name-First: Zhiguo
Author-X-Name-Last: Xu
Author-Name: Zheng Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Zheng
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Title: Open innovation and multi-homing of delivery platforms: comparative study of Cardiff, Daegu and Nanjing
Abstract: 
 This study aims to answer the following research question: What is the difference in the open innovation and multi-homing of the smart delivery industry among Cardiff, Daegu, and Nanjing according to the maturity of the restaurant industry of the capitalist economies they belong to?By comparing open innovation and multi-homing of delivery platforms of the three cities representing different alongside the maturity of the restaurant industry in capitalist economies, the evaluation dynamics and focal points of the delivery platform industry, this study is based on an interview method in combination with participatory observation of deliverers, customers and restaurants of the three cities: (1) Cardiff with matured restaurant industry; (2) Daegu with an unmatured restaurant industry; (3) Nanjing with the growth of the restaurant industry. The findings of this research are as follows: (1) Existing industries can disturb the growth of the delivery platform industry; (2) Multi-homing motivates a high labour state of deliverers, the acceptance of restaurants by customers and customer surplus; (3) Motivating open innovation in delivery platforms can maintain a high level after maturity stage. The study concludes that the balance between open innovation and the multi-homing of a three-sided delivery platform is the way to sustainable development to conquer the effects of the gig economy.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 576-597
Issue: 3
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2069463
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2069463
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# input file: CEPS_A_1945541_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Mina Di Marino
Author-X-Name-First: Mina Di
Author-X-Name-Last: Marino
Author-Name: Antti Rehunen
Author-X-Name-First: Antti
Author-X-Name-Last: Rehunen
Author-Name: Maija Tiitu
Author-X-Name-First: Maija
Author-X-Name-Last: Tiitu
Author-Name: Kimmo Lapintie
Author-X-Name-First: Kimmo
Author-X-Name-Last: Lapintie
Title: New working spaces in the Helsinki Metropolitan Area: understanding location factors and implications for planning
Abstract: 
 In the last two decades, new working spaces (NWS), such as co-working spaces, libraries and cafeterias have been increasingly used as temporary or permanent locations for work. Studies on their proliferation, types and location factors are rapidly appearing from multiple perspectives. However, several European cities still lack a clear overview of this phenomenon. In this context, a systematic spatial analysis of NWS within the urban structure should be carried out, considering the characteristics of the urban form, degree of accessibility and travel mode opportunities, as well as multi-functionality of the urban districts and location of jobs. Thus, the paper first presents a review of the current studies on location factors of NWS and then develops additional planning arguments on the multi-functionality, urban form. Next, the phenomenon is empirically analysed in Helsinki Metropolitan Area. The results show that the NWS are predominantly located in the most compact and/or multi-functional districts and pedestrian zones. Unlike in many other European cities, there are both free and paid NWS. This new knowledge is not yet embedded in the planning agendas, but it can support future strategies and practices for a more sustainable urban development including the location of workplaces.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 508-527
Issue: 3
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1945541
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1945541
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# input file: CEPS_A_2082837_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Mina Di Marino
Author-X-Name-First: Mina
Author-X-Name-Last: Di Marino
Author-Name: Elisabete Tomaz
Author-X-Name-First: Elisabete
Author-X-Name-Last: Tomaz
Author-Name: Cristina Henriques
Author-X-Name-First: Cristina
Author-X-Name-Last: Henriques
Author-Name: Seyed Hossein Chavoshi
Author-X-Name-First: Seyed Hossein
Author-X-Name-Last: Chavoshi
Title: The 15-minute city concept and new working spaces: a planning perspective from Oslo and Lisbon
Abstract: 
 In the last few years, chrono-urbanism has welcomed a novel perspective, namely, that of the 15-minute city concept, which has recently emerged in the present planning debate. During the current pandemic, this has coincided with a drive to highlight the importance of merging more activities in the neighbourhood to improve urban vitality and reduce daily commuting. In addition, increasing digitalization and knowledge-intensive activities have transformed the nature of work itself, thus affecting the choice of the workplace with new working spaces (NWS) emerging for collaborative and flexible work environments. Therefore, within this context, this study discusses recent chrono-urbanism approaches applied to urban planning and the role of NWS. The phenomenon is empirically examined in Oslo and Lisbon through a qualitative analysis of planning documents and a spatial analysis. The results show that most NWS are fairly accessible by public transport to users in both cities; although the NWS neighbourhoods in Lisbon have a greater diversity of functions compared to Oslo. However, in both cities, the distribution of NWS is non-uniform. This may limit residents’ choice to live and work (outside home) in the same neighbourhood. The study contributes to the current planning debate on new urban models for sustainable neighbourhoods.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 598-620
Issue: 3
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2082837
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2082837
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# input file: CEPS_A_2114317_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Annelies Staessen
Author-X-Name-First: Annelies
Author-X-Name-Last: Staessen
Author-Name: Luuk Boelens
Author-X-Name-First: Luuk
Author-X-Name-Last: Boelens
Title: Framing daily life in sprawl: Flanders urbanized space from a cinematic perspective
Abstract: 
 This paper explores the possible contribution of cinematic perceptions for spatial planning in general and the inclusion of everyday experience in the planning of the Flemish urbanized landscape in particular. Urban planners as well as policy makers struggle to get grip on dispersed spatial developments, while everyday practice of consuming space in sprawly areas, also in Flanders, unimpededly continues. Our assumption is that based on a theoretical understanding of the duality between urban theories and everyday life, a cinematic approach might gain insights in the inhabitants’ imagination of suburbia in general and the Flemish landscape in particular. Here we will preliminarily refer to five contemporary fiction films, such as Nowhere Man (Patrice Toye, 2008), Fucking Suburbia (Jeff Otte, 2012), Kid (Fien Troch, 2012), Violet (Bas Devos, 2014) and Home (Fien Troch, 2016). They show how film represents, reflects and interacts with the intrinsic characteristics, the experience value and the typical dynamics of those sprawly areas. These perceptions might enhance a deeper understanding of the daily lives in those areas, and therewith enhance a more engaged approach of those areas by planners.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 621-640
Issue: 3
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2114317
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2114317
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# input file: CEPS_A_2154141_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Maria Della Lucia
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Della Lucia
Author-Name: Albina Pashkevich
Author-X-Name-First: Albina
Author-X-Name-Last: Pashkevich
Title: A sustainable afterlife for post-industrial sites: balancing conservation, regeneration and heritage tourism
Abstract: 
 Giving industrial sites new life requires enabling change and overcoming change resistance. By cross-fertilizing relevant managerial and urban development literature, this study develops a theoretical and analytical framework that integrates several factors that can lead to the sustainable transformation of post-industrial sites. Case evidence collected using qualitative methods at the Great Copper Mountain WHS, Sweden, reveals a Managerial innovation model of industrial heritage regeneration which fails to fully engage the surrounding communities. This model is associated with early-stage post-industrial heritage tourism. The resistance, controversy and community misperceptions hindering the adaptive reuse of the site’s industrial heritage and urban surrounds are mainly determined by institutional norms arising from the industrial monoculture. Change management entails working to dismantle lock-ins and empower change at different levels.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 641-661
Issue: 3
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2154141
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2154141
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# input file: CEPS_A_2020218_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Lina Maddah
Author-X-Name-First: Lina
Author-X-Name-Last: Maddah
Author-Name: Josep-Maria Arauzo-Carod
Author-X-Name-First: Josep-Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Arauzo-Carod
Author-Name: Fernando A. López
Author-X-Name-First: Fernando A.
Author-X-Name-Last: López
Title: Detection of geographical clustering: cultural and creative industries in Barcelona
Abstract: 
 Creative clusters are increasingly being recognized as vital tools in the promotion of the competitiveness, innovation, urban development, and growth of cities in developed countries. This paper studies the geography of Cultural and Creative Industries (CCIs) in Barcelona (Spain) for the years 2009 and 2017. We investigate the spatial distribution of firms using the Scan methodology, which identifies the localization of clusters and assigns them statistical significance. Our findings indicate that CCIs are not located haphazardly— they tend to cluster in and around Barcelona’s prime districts. The evolution of the clusters over these nine years reveals distinct patterns of clustering among the twelve CCI sub-sectors. The mature clusters in Barcelona’s core tend to have greater growth and enhanced transformation capabilities. Our results can guide CCI cluster policy, taking into account the specificity of each sub-sector. In addition, they can direct place-based development strategies, creative urban and rural planning, and restructuring in a polycentric context.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 554-575
Issue: 3
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.2020218
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.2020218
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# input file: CEPS_A_2179232_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Ilaria Mariotti
Author-X-Name-First: Ilaria
Author-X-Name-Last: Mariotti
Author-Name: Ignasi Capdevila
Author-X-Name-First: Ignasi
Author-X-Name-Last: Capdevila
Author-Name: Bastian Lange
Author-X-Name-First: Bastian
Author-X-Name-Last: Lange
Title: Flexible geographies of new working spaces
Abstract: 
 The emergence of new working spaces (e.g. coworking spaces, third places, makerspaces, fab labs) is a phenomenon reflecting a broader change in the current digital economy from predominantly traditional offices and hierarchical structures to a more fluid way of working based on projects, networks, and collaborations. The articles published in this special issue reflect on the flexible geographies induced by these new working spaces, focusing on a variety of perspectives relating to (i) location patterns and determinants of new working spaces and coworking spaces in both urban and rural areas; (ii) their economic viability, liveability, and competitiveness; and (iii) members’ lifestyles and work-life balance.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 433-444
Issue: 3
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2179232
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2179232
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# input file: CEPS_A_1944065_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Pavel Bednář
Author-X-Name-First: Pavel
Author-X-Name-Last: Bednář
Author-Name: Lukáš Danko
Author-X-Name-First: Lukáš
Author-X-Name-Last: Danko
Author-Name: Lenka Smékalová
Author-X-Name-First: Lenka
Author-X-Name-Last: Smékalová
Title: Coworking spaces and creative communities: making resilient coworking spaces through knowledge sharing and collective learning
Abstract: 
 Sharing of spaces enhances networking and collaboration in cultural and creative industries on both formal and informal levels. Nevertheless, there is a lack of awareness concerning coworking spaces (CWS) and their resilience through knowledge sharing in communities, especially in space–community–coworker interactions. The aim is to identify how CWS enhance their resilience through knowledge sharing in communities and develop collective learning in local creative ecosystems to promote adaptation. A total of 34 in-depth face-to-face interviews with CWSs founders or managers and 17 creative entrepreneurs in selected CWS in Europe. Using content analysis by axial and selective coding of the collected primary data, groups of codes were eventually integrated to interpret the issue by its contextualization using grounded theory as a research approach in such qualitative study. Results suggest that CWS strengthen their resilience through cross-over innovation with diverse stakeholder engagement and spillover effects of knowledge sharing as a part of space resilience. These initiatives contribute to community resilience with a focus on entrepreneurial thinking and career development. CWS develop interactive learning models as initiatives to retain and attract creative entrepreneurs in communities. The paper concludes that CWS can develop a creative ecosystem with systematic collective learning engaging different stakeholders.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 490-507
Issue: 3
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1944065
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1944065
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# input file: CEPS_A_1950641_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Tsipy Buchnik
Author-X-Name-First: Tsipy
Author-X-Name-Last: Buchnik
Author-Name: Amnon Frenkel
Author-X-Name-First: Amnon
Author-X-Name-Last: Frenkel
Title: The lifestyles of millennial coworkers in urban spaces: the case of Tel-Aviv
Abstract: 
 The attraction of many millennials to working in coworking spaces is growing due to the benefits this work environment offers. These benefits, associated with the features of such workspaces, have been extensively researched. However, the complementarity research from the side of the coworkers, their features, and the lifestyle that accompanies them has not yet been deeply examined. The present study examines the unique features of coworkers and their lifestyle. The importance of such an examination stems from its contribution to city decision-makers in understanding the unique needs of this profile of workers which they are interested in attracting to the city. For this purpose, one of the largest coworking-spaces in Tel-Aviv – Mindspace, which has approximately 850 coworkers – served as a test case in the study. The results indicated that millennial coworkers do not distinguish between leisure and work hours and choose, therefore, to live in the city centre, a thriving hub of entertainment, culture, and leisure, and to work nearby, which fits their preferred lifestyles. Despite the tendency to label millennial coworkers as a homogeneous group, the findings clearly indicate the great heterogeneity that exists among coworkers, as expressed in their different lifestyles.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 528-553
Issue: 3
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1950641
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1950641
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# input file: CEPS_A_1847256_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Eva Coll-Martínez
Author-X-Name-First: Eva
Author-X-Name-Last: Coll-Martínez
Author-Name: Carles Méndez-Ortega
Author-X-Name-First: Carles
Author-X-Name-Last: Méndez-Ortega
Title: Agglomeration and coagglomeration of co-working spaces and creative industries in the city
Abstract: 
 The present paper investigates the location patterns and the effects co-working spaces (CWS) generate on the urban context. The focus is on Barcelona, one of the most important creative hubs in Europe in terms of knowledge-based, creative, digital, and sharing economy, and the city hosting the largest number of co-working spaces in Spain. The paper addresses three main questions: (1) Which are the location patterns of co-working spaces in Barcelona? (2) Do CWS agglomerate in the same areas? And, (3) Do CWS coagglomerate with the creative industries (CIs)? To do that, this paper uses open data on Barcelona neighbourhoods’ socioeconomic composition provided by the Statistics Department of the Council of Barcelona and micro-geographic data of private CWS and creative labs in Barcelona. By using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and Kd functions of agglomeration and coagglomeration, results show that CWS are highly concentrated in central areas of Barcelona where there are greater chances to meet customers and suppliers, the proximity to urban amenities and the fact of being associated to a specific place-image. Moreover, they coagglomerate with CIs firms, especially with symbolic and synthetic knowledge-based CIs. These results are relevant when assessing the actual goal of urban policies in Barcelona.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 445-466
Issue: 3
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1847256
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1847256
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# input file: CEPS_A_1895080_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Ilaria Mariotti
Author-X-Name-First: Ilaria
Author-X-Name-Last: Mariotti
Author-Name: Mina Akhavan
Author-X-Name-First: Mina
Author-X-Name-Last: Akhavan
Author-Name: Federica Rossi
Author-X-Name-First: Federica
Author-X-Name-Last: Rossi
Title: The preferred location of coworking spaces in Italy: an empirical investigation in urban and peripheral areas
Abstract: 
 With a rising globalization of the economy and society, the digital transformation, and the economic downturn started in 2008, working is becoming less dependent on distance, location, and time. These are some of the reasons that have fostered the development and diffusion of new working spaces like coworking spaces. The paper aims at exploring the location determinants of coworking spaces, an issue that has been less developed by the literature up to now. By focusing on the 549 coworking spaces located in Italy at the year 2018, the paper investigates the location factors of such workplaces, and the attractiveness of large cities as well as peripheral areas. The results of the descriptive statistics and the econometric analysis (a Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial model is applied) confirm that coworking is mainly an urban phenomenon, since coworking spaces tend to be knowledge-intensive places for creative people. Specifically, the municipalities showing higher innovation and entrepreneurial environment (i.e. major cities) are preferred locations. Besides, it is discussed whether coworking spaces may contribute to fostering the development of peripheral and inner areas in Italy, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic where the share of teleworkers outside metropolitan areas has massively increased.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 467-489
Issue: 3
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1895080
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1895080
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# input file: CEPS_A_2132784_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: JinHyo Joseph Yun
Author-X-Name-First: JinHyo Joseph
Author-X-Name-Last: Yun
Author-Name: Xiaofei Zhao
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaofei
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao
Author-Name: Lei Ma
Author-X-Name-First: Lei
Author-X-Name-Last: Ma
Author-Name: Zheng Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Zheng
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Bo Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Bo
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Title: Open innovation dynamics and evolution in the mobile payment industry – comparative analysis among Daegu, Cardiff, and Nanjing
Abstract: 
 The understanding of smart payment industry in the financialization under digital transformation will be the clue to capture the future directions and dynamics of modern capitalism economy. Is there any differences in smart payment industry according to capitalist economy condition among Daegu, Cardiff, and Nanjing ? By answering to this research question through comparative analysis of 3 regions based on qualitative interview method, this study found out as follows. First, there are different payment industry context among 3 regions; Daegu, card payment majority; Cardiff, transition from card payment to smart payment; Nanjing, Smart payment majority. Second, Economic contexts of regions could give direct impacts of the development of mobile payment industry such as the lock in the card industry at Daegu in South Korea, or the well-developed smart delivery platform of E-commerce at Nanjing in China, or the long history of capitalist economy which had increased the labor condition of laborer at Cardiff in Wales. Third, from the qualitative interview researches on 3 regions, gave 2 additional grounded theories such as the future direction of smart payment industry, and the double locked-in the card industry at Daegu in South Korea.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 862-884
Issue: 5
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2132784
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2132784
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# input file: CEPS_A_2121154_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Mikhail Martynovich
Author-X-Name-First: Mikhail
Author-X-Name-Last: Martynovich
Author-Name: Josef Taalbi
Author-X-Name-First: Josef
Author-X-Name-Last: Taalbi
Title: Dynamic recombinant relatedness and its role for regional innovation
Abstract: 
 Previous research has argued that related variety enhances regional innovation as inter-industry knowledge spillovers occur more easily between cognitively similar industries. In this study, we engage with empirical operationalization of what is ‘related’ in related variety. We argue, based on theoretical grounds, that estimating regional knowledge production functions requires related variety measures that capture the recombination of knowledge explicitly. To test this proposition, we develop a set of related variety indicators that account for indirect linkages between industries and allow these linkages to vary over time. Empirically, we estimate the relationship between regional innovation output and regional industry mix in Swedish regions between 1991 and 2010. Our results suggest that related variety measures based on dynamic recombinant relatedness are superior in predicting regional innovation output.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1070-1094
Issue: 5
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2121154
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2121154
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# input file: CEPS_A_2114316_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Silvia Rita Sedita
Author-X-Name-First: Silvia Rita
Author-X-Name-Last: Sedita
Author-Name: Roberto Grandinetti
Author-X-Name-First: Roberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Grandinetti
Title: Beyond R&D: a configurational approach to open innovation in the Veneto region
Abstract: 
 The innovation performance of regions is increasingly dependent on the capacity of firms to rely on collaborative networks to develop new products, services, and processes. This work adopts a systemic approach to explore the collaborative innovation strategies of small and medium enterprises (SMEs), identifying the existence of multiple combinations of collaborative networks associated with high innovation performance. We conduct a configurational analysis to study the innovation performance of a sample of manufacturing SMEs in the Veneto region and obtain several interesting results. First, we identify eight configurations of open innovation (OI) strategies associated with the same outcome, i.e. high innovation performance. Second, we identify a dual mode of OI, stemming from the presence or absence of an in-house R&D lab. In particular, non-R&D SMEs rely on knowledge-intensive business services as innovation knowledge brokers. Third, start-up companies emerge as OI champions, sourcing both technology-driven and customer-driven knowledge from a wide variety of partners.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1050-1069
Issue: 5
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2114316
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2114316
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# input file: CEPS_A_2132782_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Ben Zhang
Author-X-Name-First: Ben
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhang
Author-Name: Yakun Ji
Author-X-Name-First: Yakun
Author-X-Name-Last: Ji
Title: Patent actor-network formation from regional innovation to open innovation: a comparison between Europe and China
Abstract: 
 The automotive industry faces the challenge of digital transformation at present, especially the autonomous vehicle. To explore the innovation links between different regional innovation systems, this study proposed a theoretical framework combining actor network, regional innovation and open innovation systems. Through the social network analysis and non-parametric test of patent data, the research findings show many significant differences between Europe and China. Finally, some suggestions are provided for strategy planning and policy implementation of open innovation.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 925-946
Issue: 5
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2132782
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2132782
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# input file: CEPS_A_2132780_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: JinHyo Joseph Yun
Author-X-Name-First: JinHyo Joseph
Author-X-Name-Last: Yun
Author-Name: Xiaofei Zhao
Author-X-Name-First: Xiaofei
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao
Author-Name: KyungBae Park
Author-X-Name-First: KyungBae
Author-X-Name-Last: Park
Author-Name: Valentina Della Corte
Author-X-Name-First: Valentina
Author-X-Name-Last: Della Corte
Author-Name: Giovanna Del Gaudio
Author-X-Name-First: Giovanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Del Gaudio
Title: The way to the ‘comedy of commons’ of a new business model-finding from Naples in Italy, and Jeju Island in South Korea
Abstract: 
 In this study, we seek to examine the success factors of the classical common goods of various capitalist economies and to apply them to diverse platforms that appear as new common goods. Our research question is as follows: Are there any common success factors that can be applied to produce and use common goods across economic conditions? With the goal of identifying the grounded theory of common goods, the study employed the interview method using a semi-structured questionnaire. Furthermore, it conducted participatory observation and a literature review of case studies as well as a comparative study of 20 Korean commons and 20 Italy commons. According to cases of common goods in Jeju, South Korea, the coupling effects of several public policies could motivate the privatization of common goods. Second, an empty area in common goods consists of a high level of participation with democratization and a low level of common condition. High participation with democratization can avoid privatization and increase new open business models of common goods. Third, active open innovation with a high participation in democratization and expansion of new business models based on tacit knowledge of common goods could be the activating engine of regional innovation systems.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 947-973
Issue: 5
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2132780
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2132780
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# input file: CEPS_A_2132785_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Zheng Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Zheng
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Steffan James
Author-X-Name-First: Steffan
Author-X-Name-Last: James
Author-Name: Gary Walpole
Author-X-Name-First: Gary
Author-X-Name-Last: Walpole
Author-Name: Gareth R. T. White
Author-X-Name-First: Gareth R. T.
Author-X-Name-Last: White
Title: A communities of practice approach to promoting regional circular economy innovation: evidence from East Wales
Abstract: 
 With sustainability orientation and opportunities provided for economic growth, the circular economy is much promoted by the Welsh government in recent years. In this region, Communities of practice (CoP) are cultivated to link various industry sectors together, sharing knowledge and creating a practical solution to circular economy related challenges. While current literature provides the framework of a regional innovation ecosystem in the form of Triple Helix, the role of CoP is underexplored. The key research question of this paper is ‘how can the CoP approach cultivate regional circular economy innovation?’ Through an in-depth case study of the Communities of Circular Economy Innovation (CEIC) project in East Wales, the paper identifies the construct of CoP, its dynamic lifecycle, and the interaction between CoP and Triple Helix. Findings reveal that whilst universities and government play a leading role in innovation at early stages by deliberately establishing the CoP, the self-governance of CoP at later stages results in active influence on industry changes and policy designs. The paper contributes to the literature on micro-relations among regional innovation actors by highlighting the role of CoP in creating emerging new knowledge and tools. It also provides practical implications to industry and policy makers to promote a regional circular economy.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 988-1006
Issue: 5
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2132785
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2132785
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# input file: CEPS_A_2132781_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Harry Jeong
Author-X-Name-First: Harry
Author-X-Name-Last: Jeong
Author-Name: Changhyeon Song
Author-X-Name-First: Changhyeon
Author-X-Name-Last: Song
Author-Name: Seunghyun Kim
Author-X-Name-First: Seunghyun
Author-X-Name-Last: Kim
Author-Name: Kwangsoo Shin
Author-X-Name-First: Kwangsoo
Author-X-Name-Last: Shin
Title: Quantum jump in biopharmaceutical industry: a case of Korea’s catching up with Europe and US
Abstract: 
 In the science and technology-based biopharmaceutical industry, the gap between advanced countries and developing countries is large. What is interesting recently is that a latecomer such as Korea in the biopharmaceutical industry has an opportunity to make a quantum jump through new to a business model. This study investigated latecomer firms’ catching up with advanced European and American firms in the biopharmaceutical industry, focusing on the cases of Celltrion and Samsung Biologics, which are representative Korean biopharmaceutical firms. In terms of profitability, as determined by EBITDA margin, Samsung Biologics has overtaken Lonza and Catalent. In terms of firm value, Samsung Biologics has overtaken Catalent. Celltrion surpassed all firms in 2017 and 2018, however it has been caught up by Catalent since 2020. In the Environmental, Social & Governance (ESG) management, Korean firms ranked lower grades than European and American firms. The driving force of the catching-up strategy revealed by this study is as follows: (1) utilize changes in the industrial structure and environment, (2) maximize the capabilities of the innovation system, (3) make strategic choices and (4) secure an independent and stable position in the relevant field.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 885-904
Issue: 5
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2132781
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2132781
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# input file: CEPS_A_2057792_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Merten Nefs
Author-X-Name-First: Merten
Author-X-Name-Last: Nefs
Author-Name: Tom Daamen
Author-X-Name-First: Tom
Author-X-Name-Last: Daamen
Title: Behind the Big Box: understanding the planning-development dialectic of large distribution centres in Europe
Abstract: 
 In Europe, very large distribution centres (XXL DCs) are increasingly appearing on planning agendas due to their growing spatial footprint and environmental impacts. Although the emergence of XXL DCs has gained traction in academic research, empirical knowledge about the process that leads to their oft-debated location choice, geometry and landscape integration is still scarce. This paper aims to improve our understanding of this process, analysing the decisions of key stakeholders in the planning-development dialectic behind four exemplary XXL DC transactions, in the Netherlands. Our analyses shed light on the motivations of public and private actors as well as the (lack of) planning rules that shape these transactions. We find that specific incentives in the Dutch decentralized planning and legal-financial system contribute to logistics sprawl. Existing planning instruments that could steer logistics developments, such as environmental and employment quality regulations, are largely left unused. Our study suggests that multilevel planning competencies and international market standards are important variables in explaining XXL DC outcomes. Unlike often assumed in the literature, internationalization has – next to stimulating the growth of XXL DCs – contributed to more sustainable location choices and landscape integration.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1007-1028
Issue: 5
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2057792
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2057792
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# input file: CEPS_A_2146942_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: JinHyo Joseph Yun
Author-X-Name-First: JinHyo Joseph
Author-X-Name-Last: Yun
Author-Name: Philip Cooke
Author-X-Name-First: Philip
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke
Author-Name: Kwangho Jung
Author-X-Name-First: Kwangho
Author-X-Name-Last: Jung
Author-Name: Bo Yang
Author-X-Name-First: Bo
Author-X-Name-Last: Yang
Title: Theme issue: open innovation and ‘catch-up’: globalist or localist?
Abstract: 
 This collection on ‘Open Innovation and Catch-Up: Globalist or Localist?’ is introduced with an appreciation of three key transitions for spatial development today, viewed through seven comparative case analyses from Asia, the US and Europe. ‘Institutional path dependence’ is the first issue. The second has been ‘hyperglobalization’ now under moderate challenge from ‘de-globalization’. Third, is the process of ‘open innovation’ that accompanied the ‘globalist’ turn, nowadays a slur of extreme populists. A ‘pattern recognition’ exercise follows to discern types of path dependence, agency (‘dark’ and ‘lighter’) and institutional co-evolution, then the Theme Issue contributions are summarized.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 845-861
Issue: 5
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2146942
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2146942
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# input file: CEPS_A_2132787_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Hanbyul Choi
Author-X-Name-First: Hanbyul
Author-X-Name-Last: Choi
Author-Name: Choong-sik Chung
Author-X-Name-First: Choong-sik
Author-X-Name-Last: Chung
Author-Name: Youngmin Cho
Author-X-Name-First: Youngmin
Author-X-Name-Last: Cho
Title: Changes in planning approach: a comparative study of digital government policies in South Korea and Denmark
Abstract: 
 The government plans to absorb conflicts caused by policy problems, have a goal orientation, and solve problems through policy implementation. This process is meaningful in that it can reduce the goal ambiguity of the organization and achieve results. In other words, goal setting and optimal alternative selection based on a comprehensive analysis of the situation can achieve government performance. The global achievements in e-government in South Korea and Denmark also follow this initiative. However, the shift from e-government to digital government requires a change in approach to planning. In other words, rather than planning a rational-comprehensive approach to find the optimal solution, it requires a social and political approach or an incrementalism approach with the participation of various stakeholders. This point of view is similar to the study of a regional innovation system that aims to innovate through a network of multiple participants. It is also consistent with the perspective of open innovation, which creates knowledge through internal and external exchanges and breaks down organizational boundaries.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 905-924
Issue: 5
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2132787
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2132787
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# input file: CEPS_A_2132786_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Tae Youn Kim
Author-X-Name-First: Tae Youn
Author-X-Name-Last: Kim
Author-Name: Eun Song Bae
Author-X-Name-First: Eun Song
Author-X-Name-Last: Bae
Author-Name: Daecheol Kim
Author-X-Name-First: Daecheol
Author-X-Name-Last: Kim
Title: Regional visa-waiver program for open tourism development
Abstract: 
 Tourism development is known to have an important impact on the economic growth and the competitiveness of the region. For tourism development, the Jeju local government introduced a visa-waiver program that is valid only for the Jeju region. In addition, the regional visa-waiver program was possible in Korea, which has a stronger centralized system, because of strong cooperation in tourism from the central government. To our knowledge, few countries have introduced a visa policy at regional level like Jeju. Therefore, it is important to study the relationship between this unique regional visa policy and tourism development from the open tourism perspective. Meanwhile, citizens of countries that do not have a visa agreement with Korea must have a direct flight from the departure point to Jeju to benefit from this program. To alleviate this problem, domestic airports where inbound travelers whose final destinations is Jeju can transit without a Korean visa having been designated. The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of these programs on inbound tourism demand. For this, a Difference-In-Differences estimator has been used. From the results, both programs were found to have a statistically significant effect on the increase of inbound tourism in Jeju.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 974-987
Issue: 5
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2132786
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2132786
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# input file: CEPS_A_2068347_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Barbara Jankowska
Author-X-Name-First: Barbara
Author-X-Name-Last: Jankowska
Author-Name: Ewa Mińska-Struzik
Author-X-Name-First: Ewa
Author-X-Name-Last: Mińska-Struzik
Author-Name: Małgorzata Bartosik-Purgat
Author-X-Name-First: Małgorzata
Author-X-Name-Last: Bartosik-Purgat
Author-Name: Marta Götz
Author-X-Name-First: Marta
Author-X-Name-Last: Götz
Author-Name: Iwona Olejnik
Author-X-Name-First: Iwona
Author-X-Name-Last: Olejnik
Title: Industry 4.0 technologies adoption: barriers and their impact on Polish companies’ innovation performance
Abstract: 
 The adoption of Industry 4.0 technologies is a priority from the perspective of firms’ innovation performance. Nevertheless, enterprises’ efforts to follow the pace of digital transformation may be inhibited by several factors. The goal of our study is twofold. First, we try to identify and characterize the barriers businesses face in the implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies, investigating the barriers’ impact on the adoption of I4.0 tools. Second, we seek whether the higher level of adoption is followed by the enterprises’ enhanced innovation performance. To that end, we combine a critical literature review with quantitative empirical research. The latter was conducted on a representative sample of 400 Polish manufacturers. The most popular I4.0 technologies implemented by the companies were cybersecurity and social media solutions. The most important barriers were administrative processes and capital expenditures associated with the implementation of Industry 4.0 solutions. Firms’ greater involvement in innovations is followed by their more intensive implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies and the awareness of higher barriers. This study adds to the debate on barriers of innovative processes in companies and allows to draw conclusions valid for firms and policy makers.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1029-1049
Issue: 5
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2068347
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2068347
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# input file: CEPS_A_2108311_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Ida Grundel
Author-X-Name-First: Ida
Author-X-Name-Last: Grundel
Author-Name: Dick Magnusson
Author-X-Name-First: Dick
Author-X-Name-Last: Magnusson
Title: Planning to grow, planning to rock on – infrastructure management and development in shrinking municipalities
Abstract: 
 Previous work on shrinking cities has mainly addressed shrinkage and its effects in large and former industrial cities and not as much in municipalities in rural areas. In this paper, we focus on infrastructure challenges, responsibilities, and growth strategies in Swedish municipalities. We argue that there is a tension between the responsibilities connected to the municipal operations and infrastructure challenges posed by being a shrinking municipality on the one hand, and the ways the municipalities are planning for growth on the other hand. The municipalities are all struggling with the effects of population decline, leading to economic strains in all areas, including infrastructure management and development, but investments in infrastructure are many times directed towards the establishment of specific industries such as the tourism or mining industry with the belief of attracting new inhabitants, visitors, firms and industry. In addition, many of the municipalities lack the capacity and jurisdiction needed to manage the infrastructure development in some areas such as fibre optics, district heating, and electricity grids. Also, in some municipalities, the populations are spread over large geographical areas but must still provide infrastructure services to all inhabitants.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1184-1202
Issue: 6
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2108311
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2108311
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# input file: CEPS_A_2061309_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Maximilian Benner
Author-X-Name-First: Maximilian
Author-X-Name-Last: Benner
Title: Revisiting path-as-process: agency in a discontinuity-development model
Abstract: 
 In the literature on regional industrial path development, the path-as-process perspective conceptualizes the emergence, evolution, transformation, and decline of regional industries in the long term. However, critical questions about the role of agency in path development and transformation remain open, partly due to a frequent empirical focus on isolated episodes. This article argues that path development should be seen as a long-term sequence that includes episodes of path development interrupted by occasional episodes of transformation. These transformative episodes are driven by agency within a changing or stable structural context. Such a discontinuity-development model focuses attention on how and why agency patterns change and on which practices agents employ during critical junctures. An empirical vignette on the long-term development of tourism in Eilat, Israel, illustrates how the model can be applied and elucidates methodological challenges for further empirical research.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1119-1138
Issue: 6
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2061309
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2061309
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# input file: CEPS_A_2102052_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Robert Beauregard
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Beauregard
Author-Name: Marco Cremaschi
Author-X-Name-First: Marco
Author-X-Name-Last: Cremaschi
Author-Name: Yvonne Rydin
Author-X-Name-First: Yvonne
Author-X-Name-Last: Rydin
Author-Name: Laura Lieto
Author-X-Name-First: Laura
Author-X-Name-Last: Lieto
Title: Response to EPS review of Regulation and Planning
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1295-1296
Issue: 6
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2102052
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2102052
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# input file: CEPS_A_2109937_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Mark van Ostaijen
Author-X-Name-First: Mark
Author-X-Name-Last: van Ostaijen
Author-Name: Annika Agger
Author-X-Name-First: Annika
Author-X-Name-Last: Agger
Title: Navigating networks – to make a difference: the support base composition of local change agents in Amsterdam, Birmingham, Glasgow and Copenhagen
Abstract: 
 As the attention for collaborative governance is on the rise emphasizing bottom-up approaches in urban planning and regeneration, there is an increasing interest in local people able to enact ‘place-based’ leadership and change. While several studies have characterized these individuals, other parts of the scholarly literature show that they seldom work alone but often in collaboration with others. Whereas various urban scholars have highlighted formal relations as important in the support bases of local change agents, few have studied the informal site of these support bases. In this article, we study the networks that function as support bases of 40 local change agents in neighbourhoods across Amsterdam, Birmingham, Copenhagen and Glasgow. More specifically, we describe with whom these change agents collaborate. By applying a theoretical framework that distinguish actors according to dimensions of sectors (public, private) and proximity (local, regional, national) we assess the diversity (heterogeneity) and the similarity (homogeneity) of their support bases. Our findings demonstrate that most local change agents rely on informal trust-based relationships and homogenous support bases. As such, this research empirically unfolds the strengths and vulnerabilities of local change agents’ support bases, which contains key insights to improve current neighbourhood work in our cities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1203-1225
Issue: 6
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2109937
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2109937
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# input file: CEPS_A_2102050_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Edwin Buitelaar
Author-X-Name-First: Edwin
Author-X-Name-Last: Buitelaar
Title: Regulation and Planning: Practices, Institutions, Agency
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1293-1294
Issue: 6
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2102050
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2102050
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# input file: CEPS_A_2097004_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Zifeng Li
Author-X-Name-First: Zifeng
Author-X-Name-Last: Li
Title: The development of urban transnational spaces in the world city: the Japanese case in Düsseldorf, Germany
Abstract: 
 This article explains the development and diversification of transnational spaces by exploring the growth and morphology of the interior transnational spaces in different periods of a world city, to respond to scholarly debates on the homogenization influences of globalization on localization and urban specialization. Via first-hand research and second-hand data, this study adopts quantitative and qualitative methods to observe the spatial dynamics of transnational elements in the city of Düsseldorf. I outline the development history of the city, from a small fishing village to a metropolis and from a world city to the core city of a global city region before going on to analyse the long-term developments and continuous spatial embedding of Japanese economic and social elements, then discuss the role of actors and their interactions in forming transnational spaces in Düsseldorf in modern times. Research results indicate that the influences and interactions of multiple actors play a key role in the process of spatial shaping and improvement of transnational functions, as well as in the (re-)localization of transnational elements. Transnational actors are urban participants and influence the behaviour and decision-making of urban government departments, thereby affecting the city’s development.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1139-1159
Issue: 6
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2097004
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2097004
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# input file: CEPS_A_2202683_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Eristian Wibisono
Author-X-Name-First: Eristian
Author-X-Name-Last: Wibisono
Title: The digital entrepreneurial ecosystem in the European Union: evidence from the digital platform economy index
Abstract: 
 Digital platforms play a central role in the development of the Digital Entrepreneurial Ecosystem (DEE). The growing body of research addressing the issue of imbalances in DEEs has raised the challenge of how to recommend policies specifically designed to overcome the causes of such imbalances. This paper explores the issue of platformization in three developed and high-income countries in the European Union: Germany, France and Austria. The framework and empirical measurement of the Digital Platform Economy (DPE) Index are used to analyze the state of DEE in these three countries, identify the most prominent weaknesses that could be barriers, and propose policy recommendations to overcome these barriers and promote the development of DEE. The results of the three-step investigation present the current state of DEE in each country and find that similar constraining elements in the Digital Multi-Sided Platforms of the three countries have the most potential to systemically disrupt the DEE balance. Tailor-made policies with a holistic approach are recommended to address these constraining elements and target overall DEE growth. The results of this study are expected to motivate future research highlighting the issues surrounding multi-sided platform markets in the context of digital economic development in the European Union.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1270-1292
Issue: 6
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2202683
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2202683
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# input file: CEPS_A_2218229_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: The Editors
Title: Correction
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: iii-iii
Issue: 6
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2218229
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2218229
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# input file: CEPS_A_2122705_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Monica Plechero
Author-X-Name-First: Monica
Author-X-Name-Last: Plechero
Author-Name: Markus Grillitsch
Author-X-Name-First: Markus
Author-X-Name-Last: Grillitsch
Title: Advancing innovation in manufacturing firms: knowledge base combinations in a local productive system
Abstract: 
 Industry 4.0 requires that manufacturing firms not only innovate but also generate more radical and different varieties of innovation, often incorporating new types of knowledge. To advance such types of innovation, several studies in Innovation and Economic Geography foreground that firms need to combine knowledge in novel ways. The contribution of this paper is to investigate in-depth how manufacturing firms with traditional roots combine new generative knowledge in and beyond a local productive system (LPS), what enables them to access and integrate such knowledge from external sources, and how this relates to the firms’ innovation performance, with a focus on radical and varied forms of innovation. Findings show that firms standing out in terms of innovation performances combine complementary types of knowledge through internal and external sources, particularly at national and international levels. Moreover, firms that have complementary knowledge internally are able to access new knowledge beyond the borders of the LPS.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1247-1269
Issue: 6
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2122705
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2122705
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# input file: CEPS_A_2061308_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Ismail Demirdag
Author-X-Name-First: Ismail
Author-X-Name-Last: Demirdag
Author-Name: Ayda Eraydin
Author-X-Name-First: Ayda
Author-X-Name-Last: Eraydin
Title: Distinctive role of region-specific institutions in regional entrepreneurship patterns: evidence from Turkish regions
Abstract: 
 There are substantial differences in the entrepreneurship levels of different regions. Recent studies have shown that supply- and demand-side determinants fall short of explaining the level and type of entrepreneurship of a region, and have emphasized the critical role of region-specific institutional factors in regional entrepreneurship. This paper aims to contribute to understanding how region-specific institutions encourage or inhibit regional innovative entrepreneurship, concentrating particularly on the less studied normative and cultural-cognitive institutions. The study, based on face-to-face semi-structured in-depth interview data from four regions of Turkey with different innovative entrepreneurship patterns, reveals the significant role of normative institutions in defining different regional innovative entrepreneurship pathways, as well as those of some regulative and cultural-cognitive institutions. It highlights further that policies and regulations that alleviate bureaucratic procedures facilitate access to financial resources and strengthen coordination between local government agencies are encouraging regional entrepreneurship in general, while policies aimed at eliminating discrimination in society, supporting tolerance and openness, encouraging individual freedom and enhancing the skills and experience of entrepreneurs through new role models are critical for alleviating the disadvantages of regions and supporting innovative entrepreneurship. We contend that these policies are essential for improving the entrepreneurship environment and altering the perception of society regarding entrepreneurship.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1095-1118
Issue: 6
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2061308
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2061308
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# input file: CEPS_A_2101879_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Antonio Lorenzo-Espejo
Author-X-Name-First: Antonio
Author-X-Name-Last: Lorenzo-Espejo
Author-Name: María-Luisa Muñoz-Díaz
Author-X-Name-First: María-Luisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Muñoz-Díaz
Author-Name: Jesús Muñuzuri
Author-X-Name-First: Jesús
Author-X-Name-Last: Muñuzuri
Author-Name: Bernardo Ribeiro
Author-X-Name-First: Bernardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Ribeiro
Title: Aerospace sector innovation in Portugal and Andalusia: a search for cross-border collaboration opportunities
Abstract: 
 The aerospace industry is one of the main drivers of the economies of Portugal and Andalusia (Spain), where it generates more than 30,000 jobs and sales of over 4000 million euros. This study analyses the needs and capacities regarding innovation of companies and R&D centres in the aerospace sector of both regions. 277 entities of Portugal and Andalusia provided valid responses to a questionnaire concerning 107 innovation resources. Regional and cross-border collaboration opportunities have been detected utilizing the survey data. The results show that the productivity and innovation capacity of companies in the sector could increase in both territories through better use of the existing resources. A significant set of identified needs can be addressed by capacities existing in the neighbouring region, which supports the urgency to enhance cross-border collaboration. Additionally, a basis for the prioritization of future investments is provided through the identification of several fields with weak innovation capacity.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1160-1183
Issue: 6
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2101879
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2101879
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# input file: CEPS_A_2112152_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Valtteri Laasonen
Author-X-Name-First: Valtteri
Author-X-Name-Last: Laasonen
Title: Exposing the role of relational capabilities in business–research–government cooperation: examples from the transition towards a bioeconomy in Finland
Abstract: 
 An organization’s capability to build, handle and exploit relationships and learn from these relations, defined here as relational capabilities, is increasingly important in a networked economy and in innovation activities. The paper introduces a framework that helps understand and analyse the relational capabilities of various organizations engaged in innovation activities. Based on theoretical discussion and empirical analysis the paper argues that the literature on organizational level capabilities and relational capabilities would benefit from deeper integration with the systems of innovation perspective. The empirical findings from three Finnish regions indicate that relational capabilities become particularly relevant in research–business–government cooperation contributing to innovation in the field of bioeconomy. Relational capabilities embedded in an organization’s capability configurations can boost the efficient use of that organization’s resources, bring greater flexibility, a chance to create value in networks and support renewal and innovation. Missing or underdeveloped relational capabilities may also hinder an organization’s ability to tap into the economic opportunities that arise leading to failures at the regional and system level thus hampering the transition towards a bioeconomy.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1226-1246
Issue: 6
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2112152
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2112152
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# input file: CEPS_A_2135368_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Jose-Luis Hervas-Oliver
Author-X-Name-First: Jose-Luis
Author-X-Name-Last: Hervas-Oliver
Author-Name: Sofia Estelles-Miguel
Author-X-Name-First: Sofia
Author-X-Name-Last: Estelles-Miguel
Author-Name: Marta Peris-Ortiz
Author-X-Name-First: Marta
Author-X-Name-Last: Peris-Ortiz
Author-Name: Jose Antonio Belso-Martínez
Author-X-Name-First: Jose Antonio
Author-X-Name-Last: Belso-Martínez
Title: Does regional innovation policy really work for Industry 4.0? Evidence for industrial districts
Abstract: 
 Industry 4.0 threatens established lock-in paradigms in some districts. In this study, we compare different innovation policies aimed at facilitating Industry 4.0 awareness and its adoption in three Marshallian Industrial Districts (MIDs), asking: ‘What’ types of innovation policies work for Industry 4.0 in industrial districts? And, where they do, ‘how’ are those innovation initiatives designed, developed and implemented for digitizing districts? Using qualitative evidence based on 24 interviews and the review of existing literature concerning Industry 4.0 in three MIDs, results show different mechanisms and approaches for creating awareness and maximizing the diffusion of Industry 4.0 in each district, as a result of each local ‘cognitive structure’. One size-fits-all policies are not realistic for digitization: collective actors leading place-based collective actions that are bottom-up and co-designed with public and private local actors is what works best. For policymakers, this study presents guidance for developing Industry 4.0 in MID settings.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1358-1376
Issue: 7
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2135368
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2135368
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# input file: CEPS_A_2161299_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Niccolò Fiorini
Author-X-Name-First: Niccolò
Author-X-Name-Last: Fiorini
Author-Name: Tommaso Pucci
Author-X-Name-First: Tommaso
Author-X-Name-Last: Pucci
Author-Name: Elena Casprini
Author-X-Name-First: Elena
Author-X-Name-Last: Casprini
Author-Name: Lorenzo Zanni
Author-X-Name-First: Lorenzo
Author-X-Name-Last: Zanni
Title: The actors’ role in industrial districts facing the challenge of technologies 4.0 between absorption and dissemination
Abstract: 
 Industry 4.0 (I.4.0) has a significant impact on firms, supply chains and in contexts where firms have built tight relations with high levels of interactions in a delimited geographical area. An industrial district (ID) represents an extraordinary field for empirical investigation to understand how the knowledge linked to the I.4.0 technological paradigm can be absorbed and disseminated. However, the current literature has focused its attention on the effect of I.4.0 on the IDs at an aggregate level, while little is known about the role of the firms within the IDs. This research aims to fill this gap by looking at two dimensions: absorption and dissemination. We focused our attention on 101 firms belonging to four Tuscan IDs: the Santa Croce tanning district, the Florentine leather district, the Prato textile district and the Arezzo jewellery district. This research broadens the literature about absorption and dissemination within IDs enlightening the behaviour of firms in IDs, where they can play different roles: ‘traditionalist', ‘bridge', ‘isolated' and ‘opportunist’. From a practical perspective, this paper shows firms their role played within IDs. From this research it comes out that competencies 4.0, culture 4.0 and collaboration are the key aspects for turning IDs into IDs 4.0.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1377-1396
Issue: 7
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2161299
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2161299
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# input file: CEPS_A_2147392_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Mariia Shkolnykova
Author-X-Name-First: Mariia
Author-X-Name-Last: Shkolnykova
Title: Assessing the importance of proximity dimensions for the diffusion of radical innovations in German biotechnology
Abstract: 
 This paper estimates the impact of the different proximity dimensions on the subsequent innovation performance of firms which received radical knowledge spillovers. The analysis for the case of biotechnology small- and medium-sized firms (SMEs) in Germany is based on a dataset covering the period from 1998 to 2017. Results indicate the positive impact of social and organizational proximity on the innovation performance of radical knowledge recipients. Geographical proximity has a negative impact, whereas for cognitive proximity a U-shaped relation is observed. The paper contributes to the innovation economics and economic geography literature by underlining the peculiarities of the effectiveness of radical knowledge spillovers. Additionally, the importance of policy support for SMEs across regions and technological fields is highlighted.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1510-1531
Issue: 7
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2147392
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2147392
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# input file: CEPS_A_2101880_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Luciana Lazzeretti
Author-X-Name-First: Luciana
Author-X-Name-Last: Lazzeretti
Author-Name: Niccolò Innocenti
Author-X-Name-First: Niccolò
Author-X-Name-Last: Innocenti
Author-Name: Martina Nannelli
Author-X-Name-First: Martina
Author-X-Name-Last: Nannelli
Author-Name: Stefania Oliva
Author-X-Name-First: Stefania
Author-X-Name-Last: Oliva
Title: The emergence of artificial intelligence in the regional sciences: a literature review
Abstract: 
 The article aims to analysing the literature on AI in regional sciences to understand the evolution of the topic in the field. Through a bibliometric analysis, it identifies the most publishing journals, most cited authors and relevant topics analysing more than 800 articles published between 1986 and 2020. Moreover, it reviews the most recent avenues of the literature analysing in-depth the content of 70 articles published in 2020 and 2021 in relevant journals in the field of innovation and regional science. From the analysis of the recent literature, six groups of topics emerge: Industry 4.0, smart cities, big data, AI and related technologies (robotization, IoT, augmented and virtual reality). The results confirm that AI is still an emerging topic in regional science and contribute to identifying the most intriguing issue and future research trends for developing this new research line.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1304-1324
Issue: 7
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2101880
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2101880
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# input file: CEPS_A_2136485_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Ren Lu
Author-X-Name-First: Ren
Author-X-Name-Last: Lu
Author-Name: Xiangying Zhao
Author-X-Name-First: Xiangying
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhao
Author-Name: Xiangcai Peng
Author-X-Name-First: Xiangcai
Author-X-Name-Last: Peng
Author-Name: Yinglin Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Yinglin
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Torger Reve
Author-X-Name-First: Torger
Author-X-Name-Last: Reve
Author-Name: Daguo Lv
Author-X-Name-First: Daguo
Author-X-Name-Last: Lv
Title: Changes in unrelated variety and climbing the poverty ladder: a U-shaped relationship
Abstract: 
 The purpose of this paper is to study how changes in unrelated variety influence individuals’ poverty alleviation. Drawing on the LiTS III database, we employed the Oprobit model to test 5007 individual-level observations from 23 regions in four former Yugoslavian countries. All results imply that the changes in unrelated variety have a U-shaped relationship with individuals’ poverty alleviation. Our findings enrich the unrelated variety research by providing micro-level evidence and offer practical insights for governments, organizations and individuals aiming to reduce poverty.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1489-1509
Issue: 7
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2136485
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2136485
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# input file: CEPS_A_2161816_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Roberto Antonietti
Author-X-Name-First: Roberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Antonietti
Author-Name: Luca Cattani
Author-X-Name-First: Luca
Author-X-Name-Last: Cattani
Author-Name: Giulio Pedrini
Author-X-Name-First: Giulio
Author-X-Name-Last: Pedrini
Title: Robots and the productivity of local manufacturing systems in Emilia-Romagna: the mediating role of occupational similarity and complexity
Abstract: 
 During the last decade, a growing literature has been assessing the impact of industrial robots on productivity and employment. At the local level, the labour-displacing effect of robot adoption can be counterbalanced by a task reallocation between manufacturing industries characterized by similar/related occupational spaces. This reallocation process can be also influenced by the average degree of occupational complexity of the local labour markets. To test for the mediating role of similarity and complexity in the robot-employment-productivity relationship, we develop a two-step analysis mixing information from different data sources on 15 industries and 39 local labour market areas of the Emilia-Romagna region in Italy, for the period 2008–2017. Our analysis shows that higher exposure to robots does not affect the aggregate level of labour productivity, but, rather, is associated with a decline in (high routine) employment after three years. We further show that the negative relationship between robots and employment decreases, or even vanishes, in local labour markets with high cross-industry occupational similarity and low occupational or task complexity, and within industrial districts.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1397-1421
Issue: 7
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2161816
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2161816
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# input file: CEPS_A_2185502_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Nasrin Sultana
Author-X-Name-First: Nasrin
Author-X-Name-Last: Sultana
Author-Name: Ekaterina Turkina
Author-X-Name-First: Ekaterina
Author-X-Name-Last: Turkina
Author-Name: Patrick Cohendet
Author-X-Name-First: Patrick
Author-X-Name-Last: Cohendet
Title: The mechanisms underlying the emergence of innovation ecosystems: the case of the AI ecosystem in Montreal
Abstract: 
 Scholars have increasingly been using ecosystem as a concept within and beyond social science, but less is known about how ecosystems emerge. In this study, we investigate the context of the Artificial Intelligence (AI) ecosystem in Montreal to understand the mechanisms underlying the emergence of innovation ecosystems. Building on the work of Ostrom and the literature on innovation commons and conducting content analysis and network analyses, we find empirical evidence for a bottom-up approach in the emergence of the AI ecosystem in Montreal. We find that the main mechanism underlying the emergence of innovation ecosystems in Montreal is the articulation of a series of innovation commons by commoners. Our findings have implications for understanding the importance of emerging technologies and the digitalization of industries and for identifying regional innovation capabilities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1443-1465
Issue: 7
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2185502
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2185502
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# input file: CEPS_A_2220490_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Luciana Lazzeretti
Author-X-Name-First: Luciana
Author-X-Name-Last: Lazzeretti
Author-Name: Rafael Boix Domenech
Author-X-Name-First: Rafael Boix
Author-X-Name-Last: Domenech
Author-Name: Jose-Luis Hervas-Oliver
Author-X-Name-First: Jose-Luis
Author-X-Name-Last: Hervas-Oliver
Author-Name: Niccolò Innocenti
Author-X-Name-First: Niccolò
Author-X-Name-Last: Innocenti
Title: Artificial intelligence, big data, algorithms and Industry 4.0 in firms and clusters
Abstract: 
 This collection on ‘Artificial intelligence, big data, algorithms and Industry 4.0 in firms and clusters’ is introduced exploring the themes discussed by the nine papers and grouped into three categories to uncover new dynamics and identify future research opportunities for clusters and organizations in these transformative times. The first group explores theoretical aspects of AI and its evolution in social sciences, focusing on industry 4.0, smart cities, big data, and other related topics. The second group examines the role of industrial robots in employment, productivity, and knowledge absorption in industrial districts. The third group discusses innovation in the context of local production systems, AI ecosystems, and the growth and potential of the Metaverse.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1297-1303
Issue: 7
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2220490
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2220490
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# input file: CEPS_A_2180321_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Martina Nannelli
Author-X-Name-First: Martina
Author-X-Name-Last: Nannelli
Author-Name: Francesco Capone
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco
Author-X-Name-Last: Capone
Author-Name: Luciana Lazzeretti
Author-X-Name-First: Luciana
Author-X-Name-Last: Lazzeretti
Title: Artificial intelligence in hospitality and tourism. State of the art and future research avenues
Abstract: 
 The hospitality and tourism industry has recently undergone a profound transformation driven by information and communication technologies developments thanks to innovations in Artificial Intelligence and its tools. However, although the literature on AI and tourism is growing, scientific research on these themes is still fuzzy and fragmented. This article aims to explore the current state of the art and possible future developments of AI and its tools in tourism. The study develops a bibliometric analysis using the ISI database and applies social network analysis to map its intellectual structure. Then, the study develops a qualitative literature review to investigate the main research themes and propose future research avenues. The findings identify some main research strands such as: Big Data for demand forecasting and customer satisfaction; Augmented Reality and Virtual Reality for co-creation processes; the COVID-19 pandemic, social distances issues and service robots; and the smart tourism trends.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1325-1344
Issue: 7
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2180321
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2180321
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# input file: CEPS_A_2221323_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Pier Luigi Parcu
Author-X-Name-First: Pier Luigi
Author-X-Name-Last: Parcu
Author-Name: Maria Alessandra Rossi
Author-X-Name-First: Maria Alessandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Rossi
Author-Name: Niccolò Innocenti
Author-X-Name-First: Niccolò
Author-X-Name-Last: Innocenti
Author-Name: Chiara Carrozza
Author-X-Name-First: Chiara
Author-X-Name-Last: Carrozza
Title: How real will the metaverse be? Exploring the spatial impact of virtual worlds
Abstract: 
 In this paper, we perform a preliminary analysis of the technologies, firms and industries that may be affected by the possible futures of the metaverse, attempting to derive some hypotheses on the spatial effects of this process. We distinguish between two possible evolutive scenarios – the ‘metaverse shaped by reality view’ and the ‘metaverse shaping reality view’ – and factors affecting them, deriving implications for public policy planning. The first scenario presents relatively traditional core policy challenges: ensuring homogeneous availability of network infrastructures as well as the skills indispensable to catch the new technological opportunities at the local level, accompanying the reallocation of factors of production associated to disruption and addressing inequalities. In the second, the main challenge is more radical: to ensure that desirable features are incorporated in the emerging virtual worlds from the start.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1466-1488
Issue: 7
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2221323
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2221323
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# input file: CEPS_A_2134727_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Rafael Boix-Domenech
Author-X-Name-First: Rafael
Author-X-Name-Last: Boix-Domenech
Author-Name: Vittorio Galletto
Author-X-Name-First: Vittorio
Author-X-Name-Last: Galletto
Author-Name: Fabio Sforzi
Author-X-Name-First: Fabio
Author-X-Name-Last: Sforzi
Author-Name: Francesco Capone
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco
Author-X-Name-Last: Capone
Title: Living innovation machines: modelling innovation in time and space variable-geometry territorial units using machine learning
Abstract: 
 This paper investigates the innovative intensity (iMID effect) in the local production systems (LPSs) using dynamic territorial units that modifies their geographical boundaries and specialization over time. The paper is based on the idea that the local communities are the real unit of generation of innovation and that they are constantly changing, behaving like a ‘living innovation machine’. To explore this dynamic relationship, the paper applies the Marshallian industrial district (MID) as an approach to industrial change. Then, it focuses on the Marshallian industrial districts (MIDs) as a type of LPS and asks how the innovation effect changes in MIDs and other types of LPSs when dynamic territorial units are used. The differences in innovation intensity between the different types of LPSs are explained for Spain in the period 1991–2014 using new methods of analysis that combine causal analysis, a variable and adaptive geometry of territorial units and industrial specialization, and machine learning methods. The results show that the transformation of an LPS into another type of LPS does not automatically imply a change in innovative capacity, and the type of LPS of origin continues to be relevant in explaining current innovation processes.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1422-1442
Issue: 7
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2134727
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2134727
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# input file: CEPS_A_2185503_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Silje Sletten
Author-X-Name-First: Silje
Author-X-Name-Last: Sletten
Author-Name: Katrine Wangen Jonasmo
Author-X-Name-First: Katrine
Author-X-Name-Last: Wangen Jonasmo
Author-Name: Marte C.W. Solheim
Author-X-Name-First: Marte C.W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Solheim
Title: Changing industrial trajectories through business model innovation: a case study of the oil and gas industry in Norway
Abstract: 
 The oil and gas industry is expected to develop and restructure into a sustainable energy industry. This in-depth case study investigates how business model innovation can contribute to industrial restructuring. Our findings imply that, while there is no ‘one size fits all’ business model, most oil and gas companies will need to innovate their customer segments, value propositions, key resources, key partners and cost structures to succeed. The oil and gas industry landscape significantly influences the need for adapting the business model to changing market forces, industry forces, key trends, and macroeconomic forces pushing for sustainable change, the emergence of new technologies and markets, and changes in market conditions. Our findings demonstrate that the need for change differs from the willingness to change. The production companies’ willingness to change is currently low as production is still highly profitable, while the supplier companies’ willingness is high because it is not profitable to expand. Oil and gas companies will face several internal barriers in the process, including challenges with the dominant logic of the company, deficient managerial knowledge, the uncertainty and complexity of new business models and limited business model routines or processes.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1555-1574
Issue: 7
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2185503
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2185503
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# input file: CEPS_A_2156272_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Raphael Bar-El
Author-X-Name-First: Raphael
Author-X-Name-Last: Bar-El
Author-Name: Liran Maymoni
Author-X-Name-First: Liran
Author-X-Name-Last: Maymoni
Title: Peripheral implications of national innovation: insights from the Israeli experience
Abstract: 
 Despite the growing importance of innovation and technological advancement in stimulating economic growth, their impact on peripheral regions is not completely clear. Two contradictory effects are analysed in the literature: new growth opportunities and the tendency toward geographical concentration of innovation. This study contributes to the literature by distinguishing between the impact of the national innovation trend on the economic structure of the periphery (demand side) and its impact on the resident labour force (supply side), occupied in or out of the periphery, and by adopting and adapting the concept of a knowledge-based economy as a major measure. Using ‘best-fitted’ regressions on the last two decades in Israel, we found a discrepancy between demand and supply. The economic structure of the periphery (demand) shows some adaptation to national innovation trends in terms of an increased share of high-skilled occupations; however, the demand does not match the improvement of the local labour force supply. The results highlight the need for further investigation into the imbalance between the impacts on the labour demand/supply balance, ecosystem factors that influence the lower flexibility of the local economic structure, and the existence of a regional market failure.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1532-1554
Issue: 7
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2156272
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2156272
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# input file: CEPS_A_2124102_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Philip Cooke
Author-X-Name-First: Philip
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke
Title: Learning as imitation or mimesis: how ‘smart’ is machine learning for its planning controllers?
Abstract: 
 The idea to be explored in this contribution is that to understand change as society evolves is useless without Learning that a little knowledge can be a dangerous thing and may look ‘smart’ but is likely to be unwise. This in turn requires an understanding of why the label ‘knowledge economy’ came into substantial usage by opinion-formers at about the same time. Thus a first wave of injunctions in favour of ‘Learning’ by governments and corporate leaders occurred about 30 years ago. The change in question was led by information technology and the production and consumption practices it entailed. In a second wave of ‘Learning from Leaders’, especially how to be ‘Smart’, the lesson quickly became ‘Learning from Losers’. Here some of the most-vaunted - for example – ‘smart’ visions for various functions nevertheless failed to deliver. Perhaps the greatest failure to learn has been the sight and sound of ‘Flailing by Failing’ from Science Policy ‘led’ governments in response to the SARS2-Covid-19 pandemic when the lessons of at least moderate success involved ‘Learning from Life’ after being prepared by previous experience.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1345-1357
Issue: 7
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 07
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2124102
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2124102
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# input file: CEPS_A_2085030_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Robin Neef
Author-X-Name-First: Robin
Author-X-Name-Last: Neef
Author-Name: Tim Busscher
Author-X-Name-First: Tim
Author-X-Name-Last: Busscher
Author-Name: Stefan Verweij
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan
Author-X-Name-Last: Verweij
Author-Name: Jos Arts
Author-X-Name-First: Jos
Author-X-Name-Last: Arts
Title: How rule directions influence actors to achieve collective action: an analysis of Dutch collective infrastructure decision-making
Abstract: 
 While institutional analyses often assess whether collective action occurs, scant literature exists on key characteristics of institutional rules and how they affect collective action. Building on the Institutional Analysis and Development framework, this paper aims to identify rule directions and demonstrate how rule directions influence collective action. A rule direction is the particular direction that is provided to the decision-making process by the aggregated rules-in-use of a rule type. We compare two Dutch infrastructure projects, where collective decision-making either was or was not achieved. Our study demonstrates that rule directions provide a systematic and context-sensitive explanation for how institutions influence collective action. Collective action requires active agency regarding rule directions – i.e. (re)directing the diversity of positions, soft-closing the exit of boundaries, sharing and assimilating information, establishing process symmetry in aggregation, and managing reciprocity regarding scope – which can transform the institutional predisposition of sectoral action towards collective action.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1612-1633
Issue: 8
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2085030
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2085030
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# input file: CEPS_A_2106120_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Diana Morales
Author-X-Name-First: Diana
Author-X-Name-Last: Morales
Author-Name: Margareta Dahlström
Author-X-Name-First: Margareta
Author-X-Name-Last: Dahlström
Title: Smart specialization and participatory processes in green path renewal. Analysis of the forest-based bioeconomy in sparsely populated regions in the Nordics
Abstract: 
 This paper examines two atypical sparsely populated regions and their experience implementing a strategy of forest-based bioeconomy through smart specialization. Smart specialization is increasingly promoted as an opportunity for green transformations. Indeed, its recent evolution from S3 to S4 is an effort to address environmental sustainability challenges alongside regional development. In this paper, we argue that one of smart specialization’s early stages, the entrepreneurial discovery process (EDP), can help establish a basis for the green transformation of traditional industries located in sparsely populated areas. The EDP is a participatory process that gathers diverse actors interested in developing a common economic sector, mostly through innovation. We explain how multi-actor participation facilitate understanding innovation as a problem-solving process requiring the input of actors outside (but including) the firms. As the cases show, this can unlock the potential of place-based multi-actor interventions to identify and mobilize pre-existing conditions and resources that, when combined with a common agenda, can influence green path renewal. In our cases, those pre-existing conditions are a culture of collaboration, knowledge, infrastructure and access to natural resources. The common agenda is to transform the regional economy into a forest-based bioeconomy.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1734-1753
Issue: 8
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2106120
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2106120
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# input file: CEPS_A_2083913_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Stefan Bloßfeldt
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan
Author-X-Name-Last: Bloßfeldt
Title: Promoting cross-border cooperation through cross-border central places: strategic town-twinning on the Bavarian-Czech border reconsidered
Abstract: 
 Since the early 1990s, several adjacent pairs of communes on the Bavarian borders with the Czech Republic and Austria have been identified as Cross-Border Central Places (CBCP). So far, the significance of CBCP as an innovative amendment of central place theory and long-established example of cross-border spatial planning remains virtually unstudied. This article analyses different versions of the Bavarian federal development plan and introduces CBCP as a planning instrument originally aimed at the realization of functional complementarities. By studying the concept's various redefinitions over the last two decades, I review CBCP as a strategic facilitator of cross-border cooperation at a local level. Empirical results from a focus group with mayors from all Bavarian and Czech municipalities representing a CBCP are provided. They indicate that the instrument's practical significance is limited by a rather domestic implementation, lacking local resources and an insufficient coordination across different scales of interaction.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1594-1611
Issue: 8
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2083913
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2083913
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# input file: CEPS_A_2072682_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Gala Nettelbladt
Author-X-Name-First: Gala
Author-X-Name-Last: Nettelbladt
Title: From scandalization to normalization: conceptualizing the mainstreaming of far-right contestations in participatory processes
Abstract: 
 This paper is concerned with how the rise of far-right politics is normalized in local participatory processes. Starting with the observation that emerging accounts in planning scholarship scandalize the far right as an extrinsic threat to planning paradigms, I set out to challenge this line of thought, arguing that planning is no neutral safeguard of liberal democracy. I do so by drawing on social sciences literature on the issue of normalization, which captures how far-right ideologies are subsumed into the mainstream, i.e. how formerly tabooed topics of far-right discourse become ‘normal’, shifting the boundaries of the ‘sayable’. To understand how normalization occurs within participatory processes, I mobilize the work of political theorist Olson, who theorizes how racism is ingrained in liberal democracy through the idea of ‘white democracy’ – thus potentially enabling the legitimization of far-right contestations. Engaging a conversation with conceptual models of participation in planning, I analyse how ‘white democracy’ manifests in two of the most central approaches to participation, communicative and agonistic planning perspectives. This is illustrated through the case of local citizens dialogues in Germany. Concluding this literature-based analysis, I propose three analytical and practical shifts to challenge the normalization of far-right contestations.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1575-1593
Issue: 8
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2072682
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2072682
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# input file: CEPS_A_2097860_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Hans Vandermaelen
Author-X-Name-First: Hans
Author-X-Name-Last: Vandermaelen
Author-Name: Michiel Dehaene
Author-X-Name-First: Michiel
Author-X-Name-Last: Dehaene
Author-Name: Chiara Tornaghi
Author-X-Name-First: Chiara
Author-X-Name-Last: Tornaghi
Author-Name: Elke Vanempten
Author-X-Name-First: Elke
Author-X-Name-Last: Vanempten
Author-Name: Anna Verhoeve
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Verhoeve
Title: Public land for urban food policy? A critical data-analysis of public land transactions in the Ghent city region (Belgium)
Abstract: 
 The development of urban food policies has shed light on the strategic role of public landownership for strengthening farmers capacities in the context of rising land values. Despite attention on a few pioneering farming initiatives promoted by local authorities on public farmland, however, there is often little understanding of the extent of public landownership and the modus operandi of public institutions within urban land markets. This makes it hard to assess how representative these ‘pioneering’ projects are and whether or not they are embedded in coherent urban agendas. The city region of Ghent (Belgium) offers an exemplary case: internationally celebrated for its innovative urban food policy, its administration is at the centre of controversies with farmers and grassroots movements who denounced the large-scale sell-off of historical public farmland in the city region. Using Belgian Land Registry data, this paper constructs a unique, empirically grounded, cartography of public landownership and public land transaction for the Ghent city region. The results expose deep contradictions in public policy and demonstrate the continuation of an urbanism disconnected from agricultural concerns. They also provide tools for reshaping the management of public land aligned to urban food policy goals, in and beyond the Ghent city region.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1693-1714
Issue: 8
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2097860
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2097860
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# input file: CEPS_A_2093099_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Theodore Koutsobinas
Author-X-Name-First: Theodore
Author-X-Name-Last: Koutsobinas
Author-Name: Panagiota Michalopoulou
Author-X-Name-First: Panagiota
Author-X-Name-Last: Michalopoulou
Title: Networks of culture creatives in Patras: the relevance of cultural lag
Abstract: 
 This paper addresses the challenges posed by the early discourse of the creative city in the case of Patras, a regional city of Greece and European Capital of Culture in 2006 before the prolonged economic crisis in Greece. We focus on the relevance and the forms of cultural creation and artistic networking for the creative city rather than on innovation hubs and technological creativity. We develop a qualitative study of culture creatives in the city to examine the potential of local cultural and artistic agents, social groups and institutions to enhance networking and clustering in the urban milieu, which is also influenced or distorted by city planning capacities and politics. The culture management study identifies several constraints and frictions related to the potential transformation of cultural networks to clusters and analyzes the relevance of cultural lag in the literature of creative cities and urban regeneration. The constraints are discussed within a framework of cultural and institutional lag, which characterize city stakeholders. The study identifies practices that enable organizational facilitation and capacity for proactive culture creation, creative networking and potential clustering. Those activities support culture-led socio-economic urban regeneration planning and inspire the potential making of a creative city.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1651-1672
Issue: 8
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2093099
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2093099
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# input file: CEPS_A_2110377_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Antonín Vaishar
Author-X-Name-First: Antonín
Author-X-Name-Last: Vaishar
Author-Name: Milada Šťastná
Author-X-Name-First: Milada
Author-X-Name-Last: Šťastná
Author-Name: Jana Zapletalová
Author-X-Name-First: Jana
Author-X-Name-Last: Zapletalová
Title: Small industrial towns in Moravia: a comparison of the production and post-productive eras
Abstract: 
 The paper focuses on the changes to the industrial structure of small Moravian towns as these towns are part of the settlement structure that connects urban and rural systems. Small towns (of up to 15,000 inhabitants) are the most industrialized part of the Czech settlement system. They were the subject of capitalist industrialization in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, as well as socialist industrialization in the second half of the twentieth century. Therefore, the research question asks how the small-town sector coped with the transition to a post-productive society and how small towns were differentiated during this process. Population censuses were the main tool used to gather data for comparison. Today, small towns have preserved, in particular, less innovatively demanding industries, which have been pushed out of large and medium-sized cities. At the same time, they are undergoing a process of post-productive transformation which is associated with a massive transfer of job opportunities to services, but they can also become starting points for cultural tourism in rural areas. However, their future development will be very differentiated depending on their location concerning regional centres, on the quality of human and social capital and also on their historical pathways.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1776-1796
Issue: 8
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2110377
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2110377
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# input file: CEPS_A_2088229_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: John Pløger
Author-X-Name-First: John
Author-X-Name-Last: Pløger
Title: Contingency, decision, unfinished planning: let’s quarrel more!
Abstract: 
 Planning is politics. It is a procedural public participation and ladder of decision. Planning praxis is governmentalized through planning law and its procedures for communication and dialogue on decision-making and how to solve planning conflicts. It is a sedimented system (sectors) and vertical structured decisional system (top-down). Public planning is procedural (limited time for public dialogue and critique) and sedimented (organized forces first, next community). Planning is politicized in different ways: through discourse, plans, planner’s attention to political voices and space of dialogue ruled by politics and demands. This article discusses how to move from procedures to agonism or strife. Outlining some important contemporary studies on participation, including the debate on ‘good enough’ solutions, discussing the ideas of ‘temporary resting places’ and ‘strategic navigation’, this article introduces ‘the unfinished’ as a way of thinking and doing, and how a ‘de’-cisional mode of acting is responding to a praxis always ‘on the move’. The aim is, on one hand, to explore governmental modes of decision from a public participation perspective, and on the other hand, to point to the transformative potentials of working as temporary, navigating, from ‘solutions for now’, or better, unfinished.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1634-1650
Issue: 8
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2088229
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2088229
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# input file: CEPS_A_2073630_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Anita De Franco
Author-X-Name-First: Anita
Author-X-Name-Last: De Franco
Title: The new urban ruins: vacancy, urban politics and international experiments in the post-crisis city
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1797-1798
Issue: 8
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2073630
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2073630
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# input file: CEPS_A_2094199_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Nils Grube
Author-X-Name-First: Nils
Author-X-Name-Last: Grube
Title: Seeking pathways for sustainable urban tourism: a critical deconstruction of Berlin's approach for city-compatible tourism
Abstract: 
 This article explores the current dynamics in the policy field of urban tourism and new approaches to sustainable urban tourism that have emerged after years of growing tensions and controversial debates in the pre-COVID 19 era. By using a critical interpretive approach of a discourse-based deconstruction, the case of Berlin and its novel approach of ‘city-compatible tourism’ are used to analyse how, in the context of a proclaimed policy change, an expansion of the understanding of urban tourism and its possible modes of regulation is taking place. It illustrates how different ideas and conceptions from different discursive knowledge formations converge, promising an innovative policy approach but with some inconsistencies, leading to a diffuse policy discourse on sustainable urban tourism. By underlining the generally complex nature of implementing the concept of sustainable tourism, the paper finally argues that a more profound negotiation of the essential goals and principles of sustainable tourism in an urban context is necessary to initiate a fundamental change in policy practice.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1673-1692
Issue: 8
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2094199
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2094199
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# input file: CEPS_A_2105643_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Jan Ole Rypestøl
Author-X-Name-First: Jan Ole
Author-X-Name-Last: Rypestøl
Author-Name: Nina Kyllingstad
Author-X-Name-First: Nina
Author-X-Name-Last: Kyllingstad
Author-Name: Roman Martin
Author-X-Name-First: Roman
Author-X-Name-Last: Martin
Title: Asset modification for regional industrial restructuring in times of economic crisis
Abstract: 
 Contributing to the literature on regional industrial restructuring, this article presents findings on how firms modify assets to overcome an economic crisis. Empirically, this article draws on interviews with 33 firms in the oil and gas (O&G) industry in Southern Norway, which experienced a major crisis caused by a fall in global oil prices in 2014–2015. We investigate how the crisis affected the asset base of the local firms, how they modified their firm-level assets to restructure, and how and to what extent they drew on system-level assets to overcome the crisis. We find that the firms experienced a substantial asset drain. Asset reuse was the prevailing mode of asset modification in the early phase of the crisis, while asset bridging through collaboration with other organizations became more important in the later phase of the crisis. With exception of the local university, system-level assets were of little relevance to the firms. The study shows that during crises firms benefit from well-aligned firm- and system-level assets and from a regional industrial milieu that supports inter-organizational collaboration.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1715-1733
Issue: 8
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2105643
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2105643
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# input file: CEPS_A_2108312_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Olle Järv
Author-X-Name-First: Olle
Author-X-Name-Last: Järv
Author-Name: Håvard W. Aagesen
Author-X-Name-First: Håvard W.
Author-X-Name-Last: Aagesen
Author-Name: Tuomas Väisänen
Author-X-Name-First: Tuomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Väisänen
Author-Name: Samuli Massinen
Author-X-Name-First: Samuli
Author-X-Name-Last: Massinen
Title: Revealing mobilities of people to understand cross-border regions: insights from Luxembourg using social media data
Abstract: 
 The cross-border practices of people beyond migration and tourism are often overlooked. However, the increase of frequent social interactions and mobilities of people crossing country borders for work, shopping, services and leisure contribute to (re)shaping functional cross-border regions. We propose a conceptual framework using a big data approach to provide new insights from the individual-level cross-border mobility of people. We used Twitter data as a promising transnational data source to empirically examine who, when and where the borders are crossed in the case of Luxembourg – one of the busiest cross-border regions in Europe. Special attention has been given to cross-border commuters. We evaluated our findings to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach as the proof-of-concept for cross-border research. We mapped prospects and challenges to improve the operationalization of the proposed approach relevant to cross-border research and shared our source code to encourage further method development. Finally, we have highlighted how this information from social media data can benefit research and practice for policy and planning in cross-border regions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1754-1775
Issue: 8
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 08
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2108312
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2108312
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# input file: CEPS_A_2019684_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Karim van Knippenberg
Author-X-Name-First: Karim
Author-X-Name-Last: van Knippenberg
Author-Name: Beitske Boonstra
Author-X-Name-First: Beitske
Author-X-Name-Last: Boonstra
Title: Co-evolutionary heritage reuse: a European multiple case study perspective
Abstract: 
 Reusing heritage sites is no longer only a practice of maintaining the historic, built values of a heritage object, but increasingly also a practice of linking heritage buildings to other aims such as involving local (heritage) communities or integrating heritage in its urban context. However, working closely with local heritage communities and incorporating multiple aims and stakeholders – each with their own interests and understanding of heritage – makes projects of heritage reuse highly complex. To address and understand this complexity, various scholars argue for a co-evolutionary perspective that sees heritage as a manifestation of interrelated and interdependent processes. This paper translates the concept of co-evolution into a conceptual model for analysing practices of heritage reuse. We apply this model in sixteen selected European projects of heritage reuse, to analyse how and why co-evolution manifests itself in projects of heritage reuse. This analysis demonstrates that the actions of initiators and other actors in the heritage reuse projects, as well as the social/institutional system in which they operate, are conducive to whether or not a co-evolutionary heritage approach is enacted.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1995-2012
Issue: 10
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.2019684
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.2019684
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# input file: CEPS_A_2114790_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Charlotta Capitao Patrao
Author-X-Name-First: Charlotta
Author-X-Name-Last: Capitao Patrao
Title: Transit-oriented development and sparse settlement structures. The case of western Sweden
Abstract: 
 This paper reports on a study of how TOD can contribute to sustainable development locally and regionally in sparse settlement structures. While TOD theory focuses on large cities and densely populated areas, it also tends to be applied in less populated areas. ‘Station communities’ are of great interest in Sweden, given the opportunities they apparently offer to combine economic growth through regional enlargement with decreased climate impact. This idea is, in many ways, inspired by the transit-oriented development (TOD) theory, and applied in the Västra Götaland region, aiming for regional development and increased public transportation use. The study has examined how the conditions for TOD are met in small towns with train stations located in sparse settlement structures through a case study and semi-structured interviews. The results indicate that train stations, together with planning approaches inspired by TOD theory, are regarded as important in municipal planning when identifying future developments, although the prerequisites for TOD are absent and the demand for new housing and businesses is weak. One conclusion is that a new concept is needed that does not focus on densification and urban qualities, but draws on the place qualities, where the connections to the train stations are enforced.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2170-2195
Issue: 10
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2114790
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2114790
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# input file: CEPS_A_2126296_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Mattias Malk
Author-X-Name-First: Mattias
Author-X-Name-Last: Malk
Title: Delayed arrival: planning, competition and conflict in the Rail Baltic terminal project in Tallinn, Estonia
Abstract: 
 This article is an account of a planning process that is distributed and difficult to follow. By performing a thorough analysis of the design competition of the future Rail Baltic terminal in Tallinn, Estonia, it makes visible and critiques the decisions and dynamics enabled by the often-opaque processes of megaproject infrastructure planning and landmark design competitions. For this, the study first outlines a historiology of expectations for development created by new urban rail terminals. Then it relates the discourses of design, megaprojects and design competitions as trait-making processes with the potential to materialize future visions of society. The case study relies on expansive discourse analysis and in-depth expert interviews to trace key planning decisions, design strategies and stakeholder motivation impacting the planning of the Rail Baltic terminal and its role in the wider public realm of Tallinn. The study finds that the interlinked processes of megaproject planning and design competitions have inherent democratic deficiencies which can be counterproductive to benefitting the public realm. The results also suggest the need for a more socially responsible approach to planning infrastructure megaprojects.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2216-2234
Issue: 10
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2126296
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2126296
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# input file: CEPS_A_2079375_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Áurea Sousa
Author-X-Name-First: Áurea
Author-X-Name-Last: Sousa
Author-Name: Rui Alexandre Castanho
Author-X-Name-First: Rui Alexandre
Author-X-Name-Last: Castanho
Author-Name: Gualter Couto
Author-X-Name-First: Gualter
Author-X-Name-Last: Couto
Author-Name: Pedro Pimentel
Author-X-Name-First: Pedro
Author-X-Name-Last: Pimentel
Title: Post-Covid tourism planning: based on the Azores residents’ perceptions about the development of regional tourism
Abstract: 
 During 2020, in the context of COVID-19 pandemic, many touristic destinations noticed a drop above 70% of tourists compared to the previous year - 2019. Moreover, some destinations registered a drop in more than 80% in overnight stays compared to 2019. Therefore, in the current period of economic crisis, residents' perceptions of the impacts of tourism may differ substantially from those relating to periods of economic prosperity. Furthermore, the island destinations are more likely to suffer the adverse effects of tourism arising from their inadequate planning. The present study aims to know the current perceptions of residents in an insular region concerning the impacts of tourism development on their islands of residence. In this sense, several statistical methods were used in the scope of a quantitative approach, including some algorithms of Cluster Analysis, and Categorical Principal Component Analysis. Throughout this study, it is possible to identify the “Improve public infrastructure” as the most positive impact of this new tourism paradigm for this ultra-peripheral territory. It becomes clear that the Azores regional actors should follow the sustainable development strategy (including sustainable tourism) if this destination desires to prosper in the post-pandemic period as a potential rural tourism destination.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2087-2109
Issue: 10
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2079375
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2079375
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# input file: CEPS_A_2074785_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: João Almeida
Author-X-Name-First: João
Author-X-Name-Last: Almeida
Author-Name: Ana Dias Daniel
Author-X-Name-First: Ana Dias
Author-X-Name-Last: Daniel
Title: Post-pandemic opportunities for low-density territories: insights and implications from Portuguese case studies
Abstract: 
 In the complex context of the current social and economic challenges worsened by the recent COVID-19 pandemic, the discussion on ‘a future for all places’ has gained momentum. Nonetheless, there is a lack of evidence regarding the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the specific challenges and opportunities of less populated, peripheral, and economically backward territories. Using STEEP (social, technological, economic, environmental and political) as underpinning framework and a qualitative case-study approach, this study focuses on the pandemic’s impact on Low-Density Territories (LDTs), often overlooked in research. By gathering insights from three case studies through in-depth interviews with regional stakeholders and field experts, secondary data and policy practices, this study pinpoints development opportunities created or accelerated by the pandemic, namely new working trends, digitalisation and technology adoption, cooperation and innovation, and new perceptions about the importance of LDTs. The findings stress the importance of adapting planning and regional development research and strategies to a post-pandemic scenario to seize the opportunities identified and break spatial inequalities affecting these territories. Besides, by applying a place-based approach it provides important implications for policy-makers, highlighting several recommendations and examples of local policy answers that other LDTs can adapt to in a post-pandemic reality.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2034-2057
Issue: 10
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2074785
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2074785
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# input file: CEPS_A_2111753_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Enrico Tommarchi
Author-X-Name-First: Enrico
Author-X-Name-Last: Tommarchi
Title: Festival Cities. Culture, Planning and Urban Life
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2254-2255
Issue: 10
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2111753
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2111753
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# input file: CEPS_A_2212021_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Jeroen De Waegemaeker
Author-X-Name-First: Jeroen De
Author-X-Name-Last: Waegemaeker
Author-Name: Jørgen Primdahl
Author-X-Name-First: Jørgen
Author-X-Name-Last: Primdahl
Author-Name: Elke Vanempten
Author-X-Name-First: Elke
Author-X-Name-Last: Vanempten
Author-Name: Lone Søderkvist Kristensen
Author-X-Name-First: Lone Søderkvist
Author-X-Name-Last: Kristensen
Author-Name: Elke Rogge
Author-X-Name-First: Elke
Author-X-Name-Last: Rogge
Author-Name: Henrik Vejre
Author-X-Name-First: Henrik
Author-X-Name-Last: Vejre
Title: The role of food production in planning for open space: post-war planning of the rural–urban fringes of Copenhagen and Brussels
Abstract: 
 Following the renewed attention for food production near cities, multiple concepts propose the creation of spaces for food production at the rural–urban fringe (RUF). The RUF is an area of multiple policy domains and, as a consequence, those new concepts are confronted with complexity when put into practice. Local planning history is part of the complexity as it casts shadows on contemporary planning debate and practice. This paper explores how past policies at the RUF impact the current and future policy work on spaces for local food production via comparative study of the post-war planning histories of the RUF’s in Copenhagen and Brussels. The paper addresses both policies within the urban realm, e.g. the planning of urban open spaces at the border of the city, and policies within the rural realm, e.g. the land-use rights in agricultural land and land consolidation projects. The comparative study identifies some key challenges with regards to the supply of space for local food production at the RUF in Copenhagen and the RUF in Brussels. Moreover, the paper stresses that a thorough understanding of the planning history is a prerequisite for effective food planning near the city to avoid repeating errors of the past.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2235-2253
Issue: 10
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2212021
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2212021
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# input file: CEPS_A_2104604_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Lisa Nieth
Author-X-Name-First: Lisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Nieth
Author-Name: Verena Radinger-Peer
Author-X-Name-First: Verena
Author-X-Name-Last: Radinger-Peer
Title: Universities as strategic agents in regional path development? A European comparison
Abstract: 
 This paper contributes to the discussion on the role of universities in regional path development, emphasizing the different agency types adapted. Accordingly, literature on ‘new path development’ is combined with the three agency types of innovative entrepreneurship, institutional entrepreneurship and place-based leadership. This paper applies a long-term qualitative empirical approach with three case studies – Aalborg (Denmark), Kaiserslautern (Germany) and Twente (Netherlands). Results reveal that different types of agency are closely interwoven and complement each other in their effects on regional (industrial) path development. Additionally, the agency types are strongly influenced by (a) highly motivated individuals/frontrunners, (b) support and openness from the university leadership and (c) regional structures that facilitate university-region collaboration and joint governance.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2128-2147
Issue: 10
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2104604
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2104604
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# input file: CEPS_A_2116272_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Emil van Eck
Author-X-Name-First: Emil
Author-X-Name-Last: van Eck
Author-Name: Rianne van Melik
Author-X-Name-First: Rianne
Author-X-Name-Last: van Melik
Title: ‘Soft’ privatization of public space: autonomization of outdoor retail markets in the Netherlands
Abstract: 
 The last three decades reveal a burgeoning body of research that critically examines the role of private actors in the governance of public space. Contributing to this work, this paper shows how an increasing number of outdoor retail markets in the Netherlands have become typified by forms of physical and symbolic exclusion, although these outcomes are achieved by different methods and practices than direct private appropriation and provision. Through the creation of non-profit quasi-autonomous non-governmental organizations (quangos), more and more local governments have delegated their responsibilities for the management and regulation of markets to trader-run organizations; a process called ‘autonomization’. Based on semi-structured interviews, participant observation and documentary research, the paper traces the main motivations behind, as well as the implications of, this process. It points to the sometimes ambivalent nature of quangos, in which a selected number of market traders stipulate what type of participation in markets is appropriate. The concept of ‘soft’ privatization is developed to denote autonomization as it does not directly exclude traders and visitors, but instead creates a particular governance regime and sense-scape that attracts certain people and excludes others.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2196-2215
Issue: 10
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2116272
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2116272
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# input file: CEPS_A_2112555_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Henning Kroll
Author-X-Name-First: Henning
Author-X-Name-Last: Kroll
Author-Name: Maria Karaulova
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Karaulova
Title: Managing the pandemic in German federal states: types of mobility restrictions and their impacts on co-presence in innovation ecosystems
Abstract: 
 This paper analyses the effects that mobility restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic have had on different types of co-presence, which the existing literature considers to be central for science and innovation. Drawing on a regional analysis of COVID-19 restrictions in Germany, it links specific mobility restrictions to concrete impacts on co-presence, differentiating between co-presence in organizations, dynamic temporary co-presence, and the local ‘buzz’. It highlights that co-presence at workplaces and conferences was resilient to restrictions but that the detrimental effects on the ‘local buzz’ may have been substantial and long-lasting. In conclusion, it cautions against the severe effects of placing restrictions on the education system. Subsequently, the discussion links the reported disruptions of co-presence to the potential effects of the pandemic on preconditions for innovative processes and economic recovery.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2148-2169
Issue: 10
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2112555
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2112555
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# input file: CEPS_A_2078659_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Jose-Luis Hervas-Oliver
Author-X-Name-First: Jose-Luis
Author-X-Name-Last: Hervas-Oliver
Author-Name: Carles Boronat-Moll
Author-X-Name-First: Carles
Author-X-Name-Last: Boronat-Moll
Author-Name: Marta Peris-Ortiz
Author-X-Name-First: Marta
Author-X-Name-Last: Peris-Ortiz
Author-Name: Ronald Rojas-Alvarado
Author-X-Name-First: Ronald
Author-X-Name-Last: Rojas-Alvarado
Title: Understanding spatial networking and industrial district evolution from firms’ strategies
Abstract: 
 Positioned in the study of firm heterogeneity in industrial districts (IDs), this study analyses how mergers and acquisitions (M&A) differ between local and non-local acquirers, impacting district evolution. Focusing on the Castellon ceramic tile district transformation, from acquisitions over 2012–2022, M&A and their implication for the local district are discussed, cross-fertilizing strategy and IDs literatures. Findings, from using mixed-methods, reveal that in IDs, the M&A process remarkably differs between local and non-local firms. While local firms tend to specialize in the related focal business, targeting local acquisitions to achieve internal synergies from a better valuation and integration of acquisitions, foreign firms seek access to tacit knowledge through relational and network synergies through diversification. Effects on the territory from M&A are also discussed.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2058-2086
Issue: 10
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2078659
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2078659
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# input file: CEPS_A_2095199_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Niina Kotavaara
Author-X-Name-First: Niina
Author-X-Name-Last: Kotavaara
Author-Name: Eeva-Kaisa Prokkola
Author-X-Name-First: Eeva-Kaisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Prokkola
Title: Employers, the state and highly skilled migration: an employer-based study on ICT sector companies in Finland
Abstract: 
 Employer-based migration research has paid little attention to the formation of relationships between the state and employers, and their distinct, yet interconnected, roles in shaping highly skilled migration. This study examines how employers perceive their role in relation to the state’s interwoven promotion and regulation practices, with an emphasis on information and communication technology (ICT) sector companies in Finland. The results indicate that the slow, complex and resource-intensive regulation-related migration bureaucracy limits companies’ recruiting efforts in Finnish labour markets, thereby working against the state’s political goal to alleviate labour shortages and enhance competitiveness in the Finnish ICT sector by promoting employment from outside of Finland. Furthermore, the companies expect the state to lower the barriers and bottlenecks of the employment process and play a larger role in promoting highly skilled migration by providing, e.g. support services, easy access to information related to residence permit processes and financial backing during all phases of the employment process. We emphasize that employers’ role in relation to the state in highly skilled migration is historically path-dependent and varies in different regional politico-economic contexts.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2110-2127
Issue: 10
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2095199
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2095199
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# input file: CEPS_A_2033171_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Lisset Medina
Author-X-Name-First: Lisset
Author-X-Name-Last: Medina
Author-Name: Raquel Marín
Author-X-Name-First: Raquel
Author-X-Name-Last: Marín
Author-Name: Isabel Álvarez
Author-X-Name-First: Isabel
Author-X-Name-Last: Álvarez
Title: Patterns of collaboration for technology transfer in Spanish universities
Abstract: 
 Universities are relevant actors in research and development (R&D) and, increasingly, in innovation. These institutions play a significant role in the generation and transfer of scientific and technical knowledge. They may also adopt an orchestration role, in order to combine diverse national and international sources of knowledge through collaboration networks that can enhance their ability to transfer it to industry and society. In this paper, we seek to demonstrate that, if this pattern is confirmed, larger benefits can be achieved and translated into better performance and greater impacts on the development of local innovation ecosystems. Using data on patents granted to universities by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) from 1990 to 2017, we study the technological performance of Spanish universities to illustrate how collaboration patterns affect the relative impact on their innovative activities. Our contribution identifies a dual complementary and geographically dispersed pattern of collaboration in the evolution of universities’ technological performance, while the existence of public-private partnerships and the generation of international linkages are found to be prevalent factors (even dominant over R&D).
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2013-2033
Issue: 10
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 10
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2033171
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2033171
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# input file: CEPS_A_2140584_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Bram van Vulpen
Author-X-Name-First: Bram
Author-X-Name-Last: van Vulpen
Title: The ‘right’ policy for regional development: seeking spatial justice in the Dutch case of the region deals
Abstract: 
 Central governments are increasingly preoccupied with problems of regional development, ranging from political discontent to sustainability transitions. New development funds are unfolded with different rationalities about what spatially just redistribution is. This paper aims to uncover in what ways issues are problematized in regional development policies, in which normative principle of redistributive justice the policy problem is primarily grounded, and how this affects regional development investments. This study critically examines an empirical case of policy for regional development in the Netherlands: the Region Deals (Regio Deals). The findings show that even though Dutch central government discursively problematized people who are left behind in the progress of the country, this priority was not maintained for places that are left behind. The Dutch case exemplifies that government rationalities about ‘right’ and ‘wrong’ regional development are a crucial factor to which regions benefit most from redistribution. Yet these rationalities are underexposed and inconsistently articulated in policy documents and political discourse.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1823-1841
Issue: 9
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2140584
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2140584
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# input file: CEPS_A_2147394_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Wolfgang Haupt
Author-X-Name-First: Wolfgang
Author-X-Name-Last: Haupt
Author-Name: Peter Eckersley
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Eckersley
Author-Name: Janne Irmisch
Author-X-Name-First: Janne
Author-X-Name-Last: Irmisch
Author-Name: Kristine Kern
Author-X-Name-First: Kristine
Author-X-Name-Last: Kern
Title: How do local factors shape transformation pathways towards climate-neutral and resilient cities?
Abstract: 
 We examine how local socioeconomic, institutional and political factors shape climate transformation pathways in 23 mid-sized German cities. We group our cities into three types: industrial cities (which may have experienced recent structural change), historic cities (in which a significant proportion of the buildings or landscape is under monument protection) and university cities (in which academic or research institutions play a major role in the local community). Drawing on document analysis and expert interviews, we find that budgetary constraints, weaker civil societies and lower levels of political support result in unfavourable structural conditions for successful transformations in industrial cities. Historic cities have often only limited options to change their built environments, but many have identified climate change as a major threat to their built heritage and are therefore keen to take action in climate adaptation. Lastly, university cities are further along the transformation pathways than the other city types, largely due to having more favourable economic conditions as well as greater support from civil society, politics and the local research community.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1903-1925
Issue: 9
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2147394
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2147394
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# input file: CEPS_A_2148456_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Peter Lacoere
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Lacoere
Author-Name: Hans Leinfelder
Author-X-Name-First: Hans
Author-X-Name-Last: Leinfelder
Title: Land oversupply. How rigid land-use planning and legal certainty hinder new policy for Flanders
Abstract: 
 Land-use planning can be seen as a way of controlling future development. As strategic planning defines new ambitions and rapidly changing circumstances call for implementation, more adaptable land-use planning is needed. In this paper different dimensions and characteristics of adaptable versus rigid planning are presented in a theoretical model. In this model, two dimensions of legal certainty are added to the state-of-the-art literature. Adaptability is not only defined by the material and procedural dimensions of land-use plans, also the legal and time dimensions are highly determinant. In a case study, the rigid planning system of the Flemish region is investigated by its determining characteristics. Based on empirical evidence from historical research, our paper shows how successive political decisions increased legal certainty for landowners leaving a small margin for policy change. Different dimensions and characteristics that could unlock the paralyzed system are assessed. In particular, the paramount importance of the time dimension in binding land-use plans and compensation schemes is highlighted. This case study demonstrates the need of embedding systematic review procedures and expiry dates in the planning system. Our findings are especially relevant for all planning systems that tend towards high legal certainty and protection of property rights.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1926-1948
Issue: 9
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2148456
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2148456
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# input file: CEPS_A_2135367_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Marta Dell’Ovo
Author-X-Name-First: Marta
Author-X-Name-Last: Dell’Ovo
Author-Name: Catherine Dezio
Author-X-Name-First: Catherine
Author-X-Name-Last: Dezio
Author-Name: Marta Mottadelli
Author-X-Name-First: Marta
Author-X-Name-Last: Mottadelli
Author-Name: Alessandra Oppio
Author-X-Name-First: Alessandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Oppio
Title: How to support cultural heritage-led development in Italian inner areas: a multi-methodological evaluation approach
Abstract: 
 The marginal areas, in continuous depopulation, require policies addressed towards sustainable development for territories as well as for local communities. This work, inspired by the urgent need of inner area regeneration, proposes the application of a multidimensional spatial decision support system (MC-SDSS) aimed at investigating both the territorial attractiveness and vulnerability of fragile areas. Supported by a spatial analysis, the model exploits the potentials of the Multicriteria Decision Aiding techniques (MCDA) within the G.I.S. domain. The research discusses the results of a first application of the MC-SDSS with a focus on the development of the Attractiveness and Vulnerability value maps. The analysis has been developed for the Italian provinces of Alessandria and Vercelli, both crossed by the VENTO project, one of the longest Italian cycle routes and with a great potential to boost slow tourism. The paper is divided into several sections: an introduction on inner areas; the description of the MC-SDSS; the test of the evaluation model on a case study; the measurement of territorial attractiveness and vulnerability, and finally hints from the results and discussion of future research lines.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1799-1822
Issue: 9
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2135367
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2135367
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# input file: CEPS_A_2170215_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Donatella Casale Mashiah
Author-X-Name-First: Donatella
Author-X-Name-Last: Casale Mashiah
Author-Name: Itai Beeri
Author-X-Name-First: Itai
Author-X-Name-Last: Beeri
Author-Name: Eran Vigoda-Gadot
Author-X-Name-First: Eran
Author-X-Name-Last: Vigoda-Gadot
Author-Name: Alan Hartman
Author-X-Name-First: Alan
Author-X-Name-Last: Hartman
Title: Responsible research and innovation in Europe: empirical evidence from regional planning initiatives in Austria, Norway, and Spain
Abstract: 
 Responsible research and innovation (RRI) has recently emerged as a policy framework to align technological innovation with broader social values. It helps regions focus on their strengths and boost their innovation, growth, and prosperity through partnerships between business, public entities, and knowledge institutions. However, the study of RRI dynamics including whether and how attitudes, drivers, and behaviours at the individual, organizational, and network levels affect the impact of RRI, is in its infancy. Based on a survey of societal actors from three regional innovation ecosystems in Norway, Austria, and Spain, we examine the role of RRI in responsible regional planning. Our study advances our knowledge about regional innovation policies by providing evidence of how different stakeholders and policymakers engage in RRI when designing responsible regional planning. We identify the extent to which they incorporate RRI activities into their work practices, the extent to which their organizations and network support their practices and outcomes, and the effects they have observed. Our study also considers the factors that promote or impede RRI activities. The results are particularly relevant for policy makers interested in strengthening regional innovation policies and boosting regional growth via RRI.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1949-1974
Issue: 9
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2170215
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2170215
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# input file: CEPS_A_2143713_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Eduardo Medeiros
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Medeiros
Author-Name: Jacek Zaucha
Author-X-Name-First: Jacek
Author-X-Name-Last: Zaucha
Author-Name: Dorota Ciołek
Author-X-Name-First: Dorota
Author-X-Name-Last: Ciołek
Title: Measuring territorial cohesion trends in Europe: a correlation with EU Cohesion Policy
Abstract: 
 Territorial cohesion is a formal EU policy goal since 2010, when it was placed in the Lisbon Treaty, alongside the long-term EU goals of economic and social cohesion. Understandably, by itself, a policy goal is irrelevant if it cannot be assessed. In this light, this article discusses potential methodological approaches to measure territorial cohesion trends in a given territory, their advantages and limitations, based on existing literature. It uses European NUTS 2 and the Portuguese and Polish NUTS 3 as concrete case studies to assess territorial cohesion trends from 2005 to 2020 via a Territorial Cohesion Index. As such, it presents an updated and unique picture on the territorial cohesion trends in Europe and in two specific EU member states, based on available data. It concludes that measuring territorial cohesion trends is challenging mainly due to lack of available data in certain key dimensions of territorial cohesion, but it is possible and needed.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1868-1884
Issue: 9
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2143713
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2143713
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# input file: CEPS_A_2141054_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Ram Kamath
Author-X-Name-First: Ram
Author-X-Name-Last: Kamath
Author-Name: Aitziber Elola
Author-X-Name-First: Aitziber
Author-X-Name-Last: Elola
Author-Name: Frans Hermans
Author-X-Name-First: Frans
Author-X-Name-Last: Hermans
Title: The green-restructuring of clusters: investigating a biocluster's transition using a complex adaptive system model
Abstract: 
 Bioclusters’ promise of helping achieving sustainable bioeconomies has invoked great interest among policymakers and academia. However, bioclusters are not intrinsically sustainable. If they are to fulfil their promise, bioclusters must undergo green-restructuring. While cluster-research has elaborated on green regional development, we need more clarity on how clusters transition to normatively desired states; we need more evidence of how green-restructuring unfolds. In this study, we conduct a longitudinal analysis to demonstrate how a biocluster green-restructures through the interactions of agency, regional and industrial structures, and phenomena at (supra-)national levels. To execute this analysis, we created a novel cluster-evolution framework that treats clusters, and the regional innovation system and sectoral systems of innovation that contain the cluster, as complex adaptive systems. We applied this framework to study the greening of the Basque pulp-and paper-biocluster, over four phases between 1986 and 2019. Our analysis helped us discover patterns of agency, structural dynamics, and of agency-structure interactions and how supra-regional phenomena shaped structures and agency over the four phases. Based on our findings, we recommend policymakers encourage not only green-tech entrepreneurs, but also institutional-entrepreneurs and place-leaders who can help shape both (supra-)regional and industrial structures.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1842-1867
Issue: 9
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2141054
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2141054
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# input file: CEPS_A_2215556_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Gabriel Camară
Author-X-Name-First: Gabriel
Author-X-Name-Last: Camară
Title: Aesthetics of Gentrification. Seductive Spaces and Exclusive Communities in the Neoliberal City
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1993-1994
Issue: 9
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2215556
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# input file: CEPS_A_2210617_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Roman Martin
Author-X-Name-First: Roman
Author-X-Name-Last: Martin
Author-Name: Hanna Martin
Author-X-Name-First: Hanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Martin
Title: The role of demand in regional industrial path development – examples from the Swedish periphery
Abstract: 
 This paper deals with the role that demand can play in regional industrial transformation, focusing on new industry formation in peripheral regions. As we argue in this paper, demand can be an important driver for industrial transformation, yet often underscored in the literature on regional development. Demand includes aspects related to general consumption patterns, to co-development between users and producers, to public procurement, or to norms and values among consumers. Theory building departs from accounts on new path development, were peripheral regions are typically seen as providing unfavourable conditions for industrial transformation, due to a weak organizational and institutional endowment. The empirical analysis focusses on two cases of new regional industrial path development in Värmland, a peripheral region in Sweden, namely locally processed dairy products, as well as microbreweries. The analysis is based on in interviews with regional entrepreneurs and industry stakeholders. We highlight the multiple roles that demand has played in the renewal and creation these two new regional industrial growth paths in the Swedish periphery.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1975-1992
Issue: 9
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2210617
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2210617
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# input file: CEPS_A_2146996_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Jasper F. Meekes
Author-X-Name-First: Jasper F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Meekes
Author-Name: Dorina Maria Buda
Author-X-Name-First: Dorina Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Buda
Author-Name: Gert de Roo
Author-X-Name-First: Gert
Author-X-Name-Last: de Roo
Title: Complexity theories and ethnographies in planning for leisure-led regional development
Abstract: 
 Leisure-led regional development refers to leisure as a mechanism to achieve broad societal goals within a region: economic revenue, employment and service levels but also cultural or conservationist ambitions. Engaging in such leisure-led regional development proves a complex matter. Based on ethnographies of leisure in the Dutch province of Fryslân conducted over a five-year period between 2013 and 2018, this paper argues that combining theoretical understanding of complexity theories with analyses based on both evolutionary and discursive approaches results in enhanced understanding of the interactions shaping uncertainty in leisure development. Results of field observations, interviews, participation and document analysis show that planning for leisure-led regional development should consider autonomous and evolutionary processes, whilst focusing on purposefully influencing the interactions and perspectives of actors in leisure. More precisely, this means shaping the narratives and practices in these institutions which make specific interactions more likely to develop. This can be undertaken by including in planning efforts the individual perspectives and emotions among actors in the regional leisure sector. To cope with uncertainty at the heart of leisure-led regional development, an adaptive strategy should be adopted, both in the planning efforts taken and in how such efforts are monitored and evaluated.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1885-1902
Issue: 9
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 09
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2146996
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2146996
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# input file: CEPS_A_2231500_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Kristian Olesen
Author-X-Name-First: Kristian
Author-X-Name-Last: Olesen
Title: Reviving strategic spatial planning for the challenges ahead
Abstract: 
 This paper discusses the future challenges of strategic spatial planning in Europe in the coming decades. The paper argues that one of the core challenges for strategic spatial planning is to regain its political legitimacy. Strategic spatial planning has increasingly lost its political support after the global financial crisis in 2007–2008 and a decade of austerity policies. Strategic spatial planning must make itself relevant again by addressing the most prominent challenges for contemporary urban areas, such as the current energy crisis. The energy crisis has demonstrated the need for an even faster transition to renewable energy sources, which requires large areas for energy infrastructures on land. The paper argues that strategic spatial planning could play an important future role in supporting the sustainable energy transition by identifying appropriate spaces of production and building support for such production facilities among local communities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2318-2326
Issue: 11
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2231500
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2231500
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# input file: CEPS_A_2218414_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Charles Hoch
Author-X-Name-First: Charles
Author-X-Name-Last: Hoch
Title: Places need better planning not less
Abstract: 
 The authors writing in this special issue pierce the dark clouds of populist cynicism that fuel rightwing discontent. Do not retreat from the practice of hopeful professional analysis. Embrace and strengthen utopian plans. Include relevant details to attract and inspire popular interest and uptake. Show the inescapable impacts of climate change and the dramatic physical changes that need be done. Nurture a plurality of democratic planning experiments bridging institutional and cultural barriers. Learn to find common cause and commonsense planning together without expecting convergence or unanimity. Foster resilient spatial planning communities using multi-disciplinary expertise honed with practical experience to anticipate and prepare for future uncertainty. Make plans that persuade more than compel. Acknowledge the complexity of cities and the interplay among governments responsible for their fate. Use rational expertise sparingly preparing plans with others.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2385-2398
Issue: 11
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2218414
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2218414
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# input file: CEPS_A_2220383_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Kristina Grange
Author-X-Name-First: Kristina
Author-X-Name-Last: Grange
Title: What’s the future for planning in a time of democratic retreat, white supremacy and silence
Abstract: 
 It has been argued that we are witnessing an ‘antidemocratic turn’ in history, with an increase in ideologies of white supremacy and a disregard for the fundamental principles of democracy. Antidemocratic attacks are often directed, through hate and threats, towards politicians, researchers, and non-governmental organisations that engage in democratic aspects of societal development, such as critical and spatial investigations of racial discrimination, gender inequalities and human rights. The above is troubling news for a profession that often sees itself as a facilitator of democratic futures. This article shows how growing self-censorship is having real implications for planning. It is stated that the planning profession must ask itself what futures, and for whom, it is contributing to. It is argued that, as planners, we need to acknowledge that antidemocratic attacks from white supremacists stem from a colonial relationship which continues to produce violence, as well as deep inequalities around the world. It is furthermore argued that if the planning profession wants to contribute to democratic futures, it urgently needs to scrutinize how its own practices are imbued with racial capitalism. If not, the future of critical planning theory and practice comes into question.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2291-2296
Issue: 11
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2220383
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2220383
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# input file: CEPS_A_2217851_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Stefano Moroni
Author-X-Name-First: Stefano
Author-X-Name-Last: Moroni
Title: Distinguishing ‘planning’ from the ‘plan’. Institutional and professional implications of taking urban complexity seriously
Abstract: 
 In the twentieth century, “planning” as a (public) activity and the “plan” as an instrument came to coincide. According to this perspective, planners are professionals specialised primarily in conceiving and designing plans. This article suggests that we should reject the overlap between planning and plan, recognising the latter as just one of the tools that planners can use – and for very specific purposes. The article starts by distinguishing between two different tasks of local administrations: the “infrastructural” task, and the “regulatory” one. Subsequently, it emphasises how the pre-twentieth-century idea of the plan was in the twentieth century inappropriately extended from infrastructural activities to regulatory ones as well. The article proceeds by suggesting how to remedy this situation: that is, demarcating more sharply between two different kinds of planning intervention – infrastructural and regulatory – and employing plans prevalently in the former case while utilising different instruments for the latter.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2327-2341
Issue: 11
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2217851
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2217851
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# input file: CEPS_A_2217862_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Jean Hillier
Author-X-Name-First: Jean
Author-X-Name-Last: Hillier
Title: Artful theory: thinking spatial planning differently
Abstract: 
 I attempt to unsettle the taken-for-granted clichés of powerful discourses and Western-centrism evident in the colonizing enterprises of much international planning-related research and practice. Regarding art as a powerful lens which can provoke us to see and think the world differently, I engage Lubaina Himid’s spatial planning-related artwork, The Operating Table, as an inclusive synthesis of stories, meanings and land use elements, which may stimulate creation of new or reconfigured concepts, institutions and practices which would decolonialize encounters between First Nations’ and Western-oriented ways of knowing and being. I attempt to bring Deleuze’s and Guattari’s concept of inclusive disjunctive synthesis into alliance with First Nation onto-epistemologies, potentially working together in difference.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2306-2317
Issue: 11
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2217862
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2217862
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# input file: CEPS_A_2212504_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Peter Ache
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Ache
Title: Urban futures: planning for city foresight and city visions
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2399-2400
Issue: 11
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2212504
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2212504
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# input file: CEPS_A_2217861_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Dominic Stead
Author-X-Name-First: Dominic
Author-X-Name-Last: Stead
Author-Name: Louis Albrechts
Author-X-Name-First: Louis
Author-X-Name-Last: Albrechts
Title: European planning studies at 30 – past, present and future
Abstract: 
 This article introduces the 30th anniversary special issue of European Planning Studies. After briefly taking a retrospective look at some of the developments in planning research and practice over the last 30 years the article introduces a set of future-oriented perspectives which were commissioned specifically for this special issue. Each of the contributions contained in this special issue presents a unique perspective on the future prospects and directions for planning theory and practice in Europe. Taken together, these contributions contain a wealth of ideas which deserve further attention and reflection among planning scholars and practitioners.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2257-2266
Issue: 11
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2217861
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2217861
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# input file: CEPS_A_2217852_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Benjamin Davy
Author-X-Name-First: Benjamin
Author-X-Name-Last: Davy
Author-Name: Meike Levin-Keitel
Author-X-Name-First: Meike
Author-X-Name-Last: Levin-Keitel
Author-Name: Franziska Sielker
Author-X-Name-First: Franziska
Author-X-Name-Last: Sielker
Title: Plural planning theories: cherishing the diversity of planning
Abstract: 
 Spatial planning faces the brutal plurality of truths, exacerbated by constant crises and long-term transformation. When ideologically weaponized narratives replace ‘the truth’, planners no longer can validate their inputs into the planning process by referring to an undisputed base of knowledge. We present two approaches to planning theories that help understand why and how planners can address plural rationalities. One approach asserts that polyrationality is inevitable and planners need to listen to other voices, other rationalities. The other approach admonishes planners to choose wisely which worldview, rationality or bias they wish to follow and pursue. Finally, we invite the academic planning community to provide environments that allow for more theory-led debates. The AESOP Thematic Group Planning Theories will continue to provide one such forum.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2267-2276
Issue: 11
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2217852
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2217852
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# input file: CEPS_A_2218417_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Sıla Ceren Varış Husar
Author-X-Name-First: Sıla Ceren
Author-X-Name-Last: Varış Husar
Author-Name: Asma Mehan
Author-X-Name-First: Asma
Author-X-Name-Last: Mehan
Author-Name: Rüya Erkan
Author-X-Name-First: Rüya
Author-X-Name-Last: Erkan
Author-Name: Tjark Gall
Author-X-Name-First: Tjark
Author-X-Name-Last: Gall
Author-Name: Ledio Allkja
Author-X-Name-First: Ledio
Author-X-Name-Last: Allkja
Author-Name: Milan Husar
Author-X-Name-First: Milan
Author-X-Name-Last: Husar
Author-Name: Mennatullah Hendawy
Author-X-Name-First: Mennatullah
Author-X-Name-Last: Hendawy
Title: What’s next? Some priorities for young planning scholars to tackle tomorrow’s complex challenges
Abstract: 
 Many European planning schools recently celebrated their 50th anniversary: a sign that planning education became a distinct and established discipline in Europe. Simultaneously, political regimes, paradigms, cultures, and economies continue fuelling mixed connotations within the planning sector. Additionally, growing wicked problems in built areas emphasize an even greater need for well-trained planners. These challenges span climate crises, wars, authoritarian regimes, socio-political instability, and constantly changing global geopolitics. The increasingly complex demands on planners are highly pertinent for Young Academics (YA). They require political, regulatory, and technical knowledge to navigate the profession. To support them and represent their voices in planning debates, the YA network (YAN) of AESOP was established in 2003. We, the current Coordination Team, use this paper to voice our take on the question of what planning challenges dominate and what can be done to prepare YAs better for the future. Building on plenty discussions within the YAN, literature, and AESOP’s activities at large, we propose: A challenge compilation for the profession, a list of core capacities, and a framework for future education. This shall aid in enabling YAs and educators today to set the foundation for planning sustainable and people-centered settlements tomorrow.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2368-2384
Issue: 11
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2218417
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2218417
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# input file: CEPS_A_2217857_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Petter Næss
Author-X-Name-First: Petter
Author-X-Name-Last: Næss
Title: Urban sustainability responsibilities of the European planning profession in the next decades
Abstract: 
 Presently dominant urban planning strategies and discourses do not sufficiently address the crises of climate change, loss of nature and unjust inequality globally and nationally. The planning profession should interpret what it would imply for urban and regional development to effectively counteract these crises, reflect on possibilities and hindrances for meeting these challenges under current societal conditions, and try to raise a counter-discourse in opposition to mainstream planning approaches. Scenarios and alliance-building with stakeholders supporting sustainable transformation can be helpful for this purpose. Planning research should place stronger emphasis on investigating consequences of European urban and regional development for environmental sustainability and social justice not only locally but also at a wider geographical scale including the Global South. There is a need for strengthened regional planning across local administrative boundaries in urban regions, and for binding regulations promoting sustainability at a national, European, and global scale. Planners should, however, not be naïve about the possibilities for sustainability planning under present societal conditions. The profession should therefore also explore pathways for societal transformations necessary for overcoming present barriers to sustainable spatial planning.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2342-2353
Issue: 11
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2217857
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2217857
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# input file: CEPS_A_2217856_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Patsy Healey
Author-X-Name-First: Patsy
Author-X-Name-Last: Healey
Title: The planning contribution in a disoriented continent*
Abstract: 
 This piece provides a reflection on the changing political context for planning ideas and practices over the past thirty years. This period has seen the rise and now serious questioning of a neo-liberal pre-occupation with economic growth which gave little space for shaping futures through a focus on place qualities and co-ordinating the spatial dimensions of action, the core of the spatial planning project. Current concerns with promoting inclusive social well-being, reducing adverse impacts on global climate and the environment, and reviving democratic practices create new opportunities for planning understood as strategic guidance for shaping collective futures. Such a project involves not just expertise as developed in the planning field, but needs to draw on many other knowledge fields. And since many futures may evolve from present instabilities and uncertainties, it needs to adopt an active voice in promoting collective attention to spatial co-ordination and place qualities in ways which advance the values of environmental sustainability, inclusive social well-being and richly democratic modes of policy-making.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2297-2305
Issue: 11
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2217856
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2217856
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# input file: CEPS_A_2217853_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Simin Davoudi
Author-X-Name-First: Simin
Author-X-Name-Last: Davoudi
Title: Prefigurative planning: performing concrete utopias in the here and now
Abstract: 
 Current crises of climate breakdown, growing inequalities, democratic deficits, and declining public services have created an absence of hope for the future and a creeping pessimism about the ability of planning to be a force for good and to imagine places that do not yet exist. In resisting domination from becoming a fait accompli, this paper revisits the role of the utopian impulse in enabling us to see the existing conditions not as how things are, but as how they are made to be, and how they might be unmade. Drawing on interrelated concepts of prefiguration, the not-yet, hope and concrete utopia, I put forward a prefigurative mode of planning defined as a collective pursuit of, negating the given, envisioning utopias, and performing the not-yet futures in the here and now. I suggest that the politics of prefigurative planning plays out in the interstices of everyday spatial practices and imbues reason with intuition and emotion. That, the relations of (un)care cut across its contents, processes and reflections. Seen in this way, prefigurative planning is not about how to ‘build that city on the hill', but how not to give up the pursuit of ‘better’ cities by combining criticality with planning imagination.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2277-2290
Issue: 11
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2217853
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2217853
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# input file: CEPS_A_2217855_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Luca Bertolini
Author-X-Name-First: Luca
Author-X-Name-Last: Bertolini
Title: The next 30 years: planning cities beyond mobility?
Abstract: 
 The negative environmental, social and economic side-effects of the individual motorized transport-centred urban mobility planning paradigm have been repeatedly denounced. This criticism inspired an alternative, sustainable mobility-centred urban mobility planning paradigm, which has been attempting to shift to a different pathway for the past 30 years. While the outcome of this struggle is still undecided, an even more fundamental shift seems to be taking place on the ground. An urban mobility planning paradigm altogether beyond mobility seems to be emerging, centred not on facilitating or even managing mobility but rather on cultivating a broad set of highly diverse urban qualities. This discussion, forward-looking paper explores this apparent development, its potentials and its challenges. It first reviews the multiple, diverse reasons for shifting away from mobility-centred urban mobility planning. Second, it highlights what might be the emerging components of an urban mobility planning paradigm beyond mobility. Third, it contends that an experimental, narrative-driven approach is essential to build on potentials and cope with challenges.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2354-2367
Issue: 11
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 11
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2217855
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2217855
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# input file: CEPS_A_2139594_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Rieke Hansen
Author-X-Name-First: Rieke
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansen
Author-Name: Marleen Buizer
Author-X-Name-First: Marleen
Author-X-Name-Last: Buizer
Author-Name: Arjen Buijs
Author-X-Name-First: Arjen
Author-X-Name-Last: Buijs
Author-Name: Stephan Pauleit
Author-X-Name-First: Stephan
Author-X-Name-Last: Pauleit
Author-Name: Thomas Mattijssen
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Mattijssen
Author-Name: Hanna Fors
Author-X-Name-First: Hanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Fors
Author-Name: Alexander van der Jagt
Author-X-Name-First: Alexander
Author-X-Name-Last: van der Jagt
Author-Name: Nadja Kabisch
Author-X-Name-First: Nadja
Author-X-Name-Last: Kabisch
Author-Name: Mandy Cook
Author-X-Name-First: Mandy
Author-X-Name-Last: Cook
Author-Name: Tim Delshammar
Author-X-Name-First: Tim
Author-X-Name-Last: Delshammar
Author-Name: Thomas B. Randrup
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas B.
Author-X-Name-Last: Randrup
Author-Name: Sabrina Erlwein
Author-X-Name-First: Sabrina
Author-X-Name-Last: Erlwein
Author-Name: Kati Vierikko
Author-X-Name-First: Kati
Author-X-Name-Last: Vierikko
Author-Name: Hanna Nieminen
Author-X-Name-First: Hanna
Author-X-Name-Last: Nieminen
Author-Name: Johannes Langemeyer
Author-X-Name-First: Johannes
Author-X-Name-Last: Langemeyer
Author-Name: Camille Soson Texereau
Author-X-Name-First: Camille
Author-X-Name-Last: Soson Texereau
Author-Name: Ana Catarina Luz
Author-X-Name-First: Ana Catarina
Author-X-Name-Last: Luz
Author-Name: Mojca Nastran
Author-X-Name-First: Mojca
Author-X-Name-Last: Nastran
Author-Name: Anton Stahl Olafsson
Author-X-Name-First: Anton Stahl
Author-X-Name-Last: Olafsson
Author-Name: Maja Steen Møller
Author-X-Name-First: Maja
Author-X-Name-Last: Steen Møller
Author-Name: Dagmar Haase
Author-X-Name-First: Dagmar
Author-X-Name-Last: Haase
Author-Name: Werner Rolf
Author-X-Name-First: Werner
Author-X-Name-Last: Rolf
Author-Name: Bianca Ambrose-Oji
Author-X-Name-First: Bianca
Author-X-Name-Last: Ambrose-Oji
Author-Name: Cristina Branquinho
Author-X-Name-First: Cristina
Author-X-Name-Last: Branquinho
Author-Name: Gilles Havik
Author-X-Name-First: Gilles
Author-X-Name-Last: Havik
Author-Name: Jakub Kronenberg
Author-X-Name-First: Jakub
Author-X-Name-Last: Kronenberg
Author-Name: Cecil Konijnendijk
Author-X-Name-First: Cecil
Author-X-Name-Last: Konijnendijk
Title: Transformative or piecemeal? Changes in green space planning and governance in eleven European cities
Abstract: 
 Green (and blue) spaces receive attention as important components of cities that can help to mitigate the effects of climate change, support biodiversity and improve public health. Green space planning aims to transform cities towards urban sustainability and resilience. In a longitudinal study, representatives from eleven European municipalities that had previously been interviewed in 2014 were re-interviewed in 2020–2021 on changes in urban greening and related practices. The interviewees reported mainly advancements in dealing with ecological issues, such as new plans, strategies, regulations or funding programmes for climate adaptation or biodiversity support, as well as some progress in co-governance with non-governmental stakeholders. Promising developments include breaking professional silos by creating new units that can better deal with complex urban issues. In a few cases, high-level local politicians induced profound changes. These changes stimulated the development of new planning and governance cultures, resulting in more co-creation of urban green spaces. However, from a transformation studies perspective, incremental strategies dominate, and even when municipal representatives are aware that substantive changes are needed, they often lack the means to act. For more radical system change, significant extra efforts are needed.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2401-2424
Issue: 12
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2139594
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2139594
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# input file: CEPS_A_2179389_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Sebastian Rohe
Author-X-Name-First: Sebastian
Author-X-Name-Last: Rohe
Author-Name: Ricarda Schmidt-Scheele
Author-X-Name-First: Ricarda
Author-X-Name-Last: Schmidt-Scheele
Author-Name: Jannika Mattes
Author-X-Name-First: Jannika
Author-X-Name-Last: Mattes
Title: The embeddedness of companies in regional energy transitions
Abstract: 
 Both place-specific context conditions and the interplay of a variety of actors influence regional energy transitions. Yet, the role of regional lead companies and how they are embedded in regional transitions has not been systematically analysed, even though a lack of embeddedness in their geographical context could possibly impede transitions. In our contribution, we expand transition studies with insights from economic geography and sociology to grasp the embeddedness of regional lead companies in regional transitions along ten indicators. We analyse how intra-organizational and regional factors influence these indicators and the overall degree of embeddedness. Finally, we reflect on how the (dis)embeddedness of companies affects regional energy transitions. Empirically, our analysis is based on a most different case study design, comparing a wind turbine manufacturer and its detached relation to the energy transition around a city in Central Germany with a wind project developer deeply embedded in a rural Northern German district. These findings are mirrored not only in different embeddedness degrees, but also in different types of embeddedness that we term ‘transactional’ and ‘transformational’. By systematically describing the interrelation between organizations and regions, our contribution shows how multifaceted embeddedness is and how closely inner-organizational factors are intertwined with regional transitions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2590-2613
Issue: 12
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2179389
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2179389
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# input file: CEPS_A_2156273_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Anthony Frigon
Author-X-Name-First: Anthony
Author-X-Name-Last: Frigon
Author-Name: David L. Rigby
Author-X-Name-First: David L.
Author-X-Name-Last: Rigby
Title: Knowledge sourcing by multi-plant firms in Europe
Abstract: 
 Research on geographies of knowledge sourcing examines the organizational structure of innovation activities within the firm, the mechanisms by which knowledge is extracted from various external sources and the geography of these different activities. We augment this literature by exploring knowledge sourcing within multi-plant firms operating in Europe. Analysis makes use of linked patent-firm data recording the location of knowledge production and its ownership. The results add value to existing research in three ways. First, the establishments of multi-plant firms are shown to produce different kinds of knowledge in different locations. Second, the patents generated within a firm's establishments are linked to the knowledge stocks of the regions where they operate, supporting a vision of geographical knowledge sourcing. Third, the complexity of knowledge produced within firms is positively related to the number of plants in which they innovate.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2491-2509
Issue: 12
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2156273
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2156273
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# input file: CEPS_A_2183766_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Francesc Xavier Molina-Morales
Author-X-Name-First: Francesc Xavier
Author-X-Name-Last: Molina-Morales
Author-Name: Valentina De Marchi
Author-X-Name-First: Valentina
Author-X-Name-Last: De Marchi
Author-Name: Luis Martínez-Cháfer
Author-X-Name-First: Luis
Author-X-Name-Last: Martínez-Cháfer
Author-Name: David Valiente-Bordanova
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Valiente-Bordanova
Title: Everything must change for us to remain the same. Resilience in the face of disruptive innovations in industrial districts
Abstract: 
 This paper explores to what extent and under what conditions resilience can be developed to cope with radical innovations in the industrial district context. Based on a comparative analysis of an Italian and Spanish cluster, this paper provides and in-depth examination of the transformation at the firm and cluster levels at the introduction, development, and diffusion of disruptive technologies, that enable clusters to cope with it and thrive. Our findings identify cluster attributes that support resilience and propose different measures of district resilience.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2614-2636
Issue: 12
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2183766
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2183766
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# input file: CEPS_A_2145874_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Dominik Bertram
Author-X-Name-First: Dominik
Author-X-Name-Last: Bertram
Author-Name: Tobias Chilla
Author-X-Name-First: Tobias
Author-X-Name-Last: Chilla
Title: Polycentricity and accessibility in mountain areas: the Alpine case
Abstract: 
 The concept of centrality focuses on fair accessibility to services of general interest. This is a considerable challenge in mountain regions due to low population density and morphological context. However, the centrality debate has hardly taken morphology into account, even though mountain areas require a specific form of spatial organization – a lower level of accessibility leads either to longer distances and travel times or (in the better case) to increased service supply in smaller settlements. In this paper, we examine small Alpine towns’ polycentricity at a micro scale and respond to the key question: What role does accessibility play in the centrality of small towns in the Alps? Our study builds on a comprehensive accessibility mapping of 780 towns in the Alps with more than 3,000 inhabitants. The study shows that the size of a settlement and its role in the settlement system are linked in a less linear way than polycentricity models postulate. Many small towns have to provide key functions for large catchment areas. We quantify this dimension by measuring population catchment intensities. Our approach combines demographic and accessibility analyses and is potentially applicable to other areas with geographical specificities that are relevant objects of cohesion policy.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2425-2445
Issue: 12
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2145874
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2145874
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# input file: CEPS_A_2154597_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Joseph Onwona Ansong
Author-X-Name-First: Joseph Onwona
Author-X-Name-Last: Ansong
Author-Name: Heather Ritchie
Author-X-Name-First: Heather
Author-X-Name-Last: Ritchie
Author-Name: Kira Gee
Author-X-Name-First: Kira
Author-X-Name-Last: Gee
Author-Name: Linda McElduff
Author-X-Name-First: Linda
Author-X-Name-Last: McElduff
Author-Name: Jacek Zaucha
Author-X-Name-First: Jacek
Author-X-Name-Last: Zaucha
Title: Pathways towards integrated cross-border marine spatial planning (MSP): insights from Germany, Poland and the island of Ireland
Abstract: 
 Marine Spatial Planning is labelled as ‘an idea whose time has come’ based on its applicability to address spatial conflicts and deliver sustainable use. Legislation such as the EU MSP Directive 2014/89/EU and the UK Marine and Coastal Access Act 2009 requires that neighbouring marine spatial plans are coherent and coordinated to address cross-border issues. However, the implementation of MSP in cross-border areas is complex due to different administrative processes, fiscal and legislative procedures. This study argues that cross-border MSP is challenging in areas that are faced with historically contested borders which limit effective delivery of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Two contested case study regions: Germany, Poland and the island of Ireland are compared. To help understand contemporary issues, a bespoke theoretical evaluative framework, the ‘Wheel of Integration and Adaptation’ is used to identify the challenges of cross-border MSP. An in-depth review of planning documents, policies, legislation was undertaken alongside interviews. This demonstrated that in contested areas, cross-border MSP must contend with the following challenges: ‘inter alia’ geographical peripheries syndrome, schema overload, limited transparency and blue justice, diplomatic consultation processes and differences in planning philosophies. This paper concludes by presenting five interventions as steps toward advancing cross-border MSP.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2446-2469
Issue: 12
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2154597
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2154597
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# input file: CEPS_A_2166783_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Maria Tsiapa
Author-X-Name-First: Maria
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsiapa
Title: Social capital and characteristics of economic dualism as determinants of regional resilience
Abstract: 
 This paper aims to delve into the multidimensionality and complexity of the concept of resilience by exploring two issues. Firstly, it investigates the role of social capital through the social participation and cooperatives in the economic resilience of Greek regions providing novel findings for the social resilience of the country. Secondly, it gains an in-depth understanding about the dualistic nature of resilience as it is related to a dynamic export profile of regions in tandem with one that is more traditional or less exposed to the market. This raises questions about the risk of specific regions being trapped in a protective environment providing policy implications. The measurement of the resilience capability of regions is based on both the time of exposure and the intensity of distress associating thus the business cycles of regions with their resilience capability. Additionally, the analysis studies the full period of recession and recovery, which lasted until the next crisis began (COVID-19 pandemic), allowing the investigation of the configurations formed and of the existence of different stages inside the recovery period.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2568-2589
Issue: 12
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2166783
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2166783
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# input file: CEPS_A_2156270_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Jurgita Staniulyte
Author-X-Name-First: Jurgita
Author-X-Name-Last: Staniulyte
Title: The role of institutional entrepreneurship in transformation of the national innovation system: the case study of Lithuania
Abstract: 
 The purpose of the paper is to understand what factors drive transformation of the national innovation system of a transition economy. The case study is based on 32 semi-structured, in-depth interviews with major stakeholders of Lithuanian innovation system. The paper contributes to national innovation system literature by revealing the importance of the human agency role in the process of institutional change. It sheds light on institutional entrepreneurship as the key mechanism that stimulates institutional change and the overall transformation of the innovation system. It shows that institutional entrepreneurs reinforce institutional change through various internal and external pressures. The qualitative findings have important implications for academics, policy makers and managers in all transition countries.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2470-2490
Issue: 12
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2156270
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2156270
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# input file: CEPS_A_2119729_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Jialin Shi
Author-X-Name-First: Jialin
Author-X-Name-Last: Shi
Title: Tourism, Urbanization, and the Evolving Periphery of the European Union
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2659-2660
Issue: 12
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2119729
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2119729
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# input file: CEPS_A_2203714_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Pietro Previtali
Author-X-Name-First: Pietro
Author-X-Name-Last: Previtali
Author-Name: Eugenio Salvati
Author-X-Name-First: Eugenio
Author-X-Name-Last: Salvati
Title: Governance robustness put to the test by Covid-19. The case of Local Area Plans in the Lombardy Region
Abstract: 
 This article, using the concept of governance robustness, will study the reaction to Covid-19 of a peculiar system of local governance of social assistance; the Italian Local Area Plan (LAP). The article aims to fill the research gap on how a governance system can face external pressure and turbulent events by relying on adaptability and flexibility. In particular, the case of Lombardy, the European region most affected by the first pandemic wave, will be analysed using a survey conducted on 91 LAPS. The article will show how LAPS proved to possess a relevant degree of robustness and were able to effectively resist the external shock of Covid-19 without governance disruption, guaranteeing not simply continuity but also several strategies of adaptability and innovation.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2637-2658
Issue: 12
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2203714
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2203714
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# input file: CEPS_A_2158722_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Patrizia Casadei
Author-X-Name-First: Patrizia
Author-X-Name-Last: Casadei
Author-Name: Martha Bloom
Author-X-Name-First: Martha
Author-X-Name-Last: Bloom
Author-Name: Roberto Camerani
Author-X-Name-First: Roberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Camerani
Author-Name: Monica Masucci
Author-X-Name-First: Monica
Author-X-Name-Last: Masucci
Author-Name: Josh Siepel
Author-X-Name-First: Josh
Author-X-Name-Last: Siepel
Author-Name: Jorge Velez Ospina
Author-X-Name-First: Jorge Velez
Author-X-Name-Last: Ospina
Title: Mapping the state of the art of creative cluster research: a bibliometric and thematic analysis
Abstract: 
 The notion of creative clusters has become the focus of a growing number of policy initiatives aimed at revitalizing economies by means of creativity. However, despite their prominence in policy discourse, creative clusters are still a ‘fuzzy’ concept, defined and treated differently in different strands of research. To address these disparities, this paper presents a systematic literature review of creative cluster research (CCR), with the aim of: (1) exploring the state of the art in the field, (2) pointing out some important limitations, and (3) outlining a future research agenda. A total of 355 articles published between 1986 and 2019 were analysed, drawing upon a combination of manual coding, bibliometric analysis, and text mining techniques. This multi-method approach allowed us to provide both a meta-analysis of CCR and an exploration of its thematic content. In so doing, our paper contributes to a comprehensive understanding of how creative clusters have been studied over time, both broadly and in relation to different creative sectors and geographical contexts. Moreover, through the identification of research gaps and boundaries of knowledge in the field, it points to key methodological and conceptual development issues to be addressed in future studies.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2531-2551
Issue: 12
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2158722
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2158722
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# input file: CEPS_A_2156274_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Anna Butzin
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Butzin
Author-Name: Judith Terstriep
Author-X-Name-First: Judith
Author-X-Name-Last: Terstriep
Title: Strengthening place attachment through place-sensitive participatory regional policy in a less developed region
Abstract: 
 Disrupted identities of inhabitants in old industrial and other less developed regions are seldom an issue of regional policies, even though people’s attachment to their residential environment can influence territorial development. It is the aim of this paper to assess the reach of regional policy to strengthen place attachment and the place identity of inhabitants. We do so by analysing the development and implementation process of the novel participatory and place-sensitive policy programme #heimatruhr. The programme aimed to renew residents’ attachment and emotional bonds with their neighbourhoods in the old industrial region Ruhr in Germany through arts and social innovation-based initiatives. It was designed in an experimental process and followed an open, co-creative, and transformative proceeding. The key to place-sensitivity was the integration of participants during the entire programme development and implementation from the early phases onwards. Our findings suggest that supporting people-centred place-making practices as part of regional policies can positively influence residents’ place attachment. Therefore, place-based policies should not only target local economic development but also include an explicit people-centred perspective.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2510-2530
Issue: 12
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2156274
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2156274
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# input file: CEPS_A_2162333_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20230119T200553 git hash: 724830af20
Author-Name: Emelie Langemyr Eriksen
Author-X-Name-First: Emelie Langemyr
Author-X-Name-Last: Eriksen
Author-Name: Arne Isaksen
Author-X-Name-First: Arne
Author-X-Name-Last: Isaksen
Author-Name: Jan Ole Rypestøl
Author-X-Name-First: Jan Ole
Author-X-Name-Last: Rypestøl
Title: Exploring regional industrial culture. Changing industrial culture and human agency in a Norwegian region
Abstract: 
 This paper explores the role that industrial culture and human agency play in regional industrial development. It makes three contributions. First, it discusses and explores the concept of regional industrial culture and examines its relevance for regional industrial development. Second, it identifies and investigates two main forms of regional industrial culture: one self-interest dominated type and one community dominated type. Third, the paper discusses how firm – and system-level agencies can contribute to changing the dominant form of industrial culture at the regional level. The paper also provides a study of the regional industrial culture and change in the culture by key actors and agency in the Molde region in Western Norway since 2010. The empirical study demonstrates that the concepts of self-interest and community dominated culture and their link to firm – and system – level agency is relevant to capture and describe a regional industrial culture and potential changes within it. We found that the industrial cultural change in the Molde region could be regarded as mainly being the outcome of system level agency performed by both firm – and system – level actors.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 2552-2567
Issue: 12
Volume: 31
Year: 2023
Month: 12
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2162333
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2162333
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# input file: CEPS_A_2216727_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Helka Kalliomäki
Author-X-Name-First: Helka
Author-X-Name-Last: Kalliomäki
Author-Name: Päivi Oinas
Author-X-Name-First: Päivi
Author-X-Name-Last: Oinas
Author-Name: Teemu Salo
Author-X-Name-First: Teemu
Author-X-Name-Last: Salo
Title: Innovation districts as strategic urban projects: the emergence of strategic spatial planning for urban innovation
Abstract: 
 This paper contributes to the emerging research on innovation districts (IDs) by conceptualizing them as strategic urban projects. IDs connect innovative activities to their spatial foundations and thus provide a territorial framework for strategic spatial planning efforts. The extant literature on IDs, focusing mainly on ID characteristics and placemaking, has failed to acknowledge that ID development requires an integrated planning approach to realize the so-called new union between form and function, which is often executed via strategic urban projects. Integrated planning, as discussed in the literature on strategic spatial planning, emphasizes coordination both between a range of stakeholder interests and between administrative sectors and spatial scales. This, in turn, is often rooted in path-dependent connections between diverse sectors and organizations. A case study examines the gradual adoption of the new strategic planning approach while the Turku Science Park area in the city of Turku, Finland, was being transformed into an ID. It demonstrates the rise of a new integrated rationale in contemporary urban planning and economic development, one that strategically envisions a spatial form for economic development objectives. The case offers lessons for academic and policy debates on ID development, underscoring competence building in strategic spatial planning.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 78-96
Issue: 1
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2216727
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2216727
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# input file: CEPS_A_2125651_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Karl Krähmer
Author-X-Name-First: Karl
Author-X-Name-Last: Krähmer
Title: Post-growth planning. cities beyond the market economy
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 208-209
Issue: 1
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2125651
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2125651
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# input file: CEPS_A_2240843_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Morgan Mouton
Author-X-Name-First: Morgan
Author-X-Name-Last: Mouton
Author-Name: Sonia Guelton
Author-X-Name-First: Sonia
Author-X-Name-Last: Guelton
Author-Name: Philippe Poinsot
Author-X-Name-First: Philippe
Author-X-Name-Last: Poinsot
Title: Leveraging land-value capture in contexts of urban austerity: evidence from the Grand Paris Express (France)
Abstract: 
 Austerity urbanism has emerged as a powerful concept to explore the political and socio-spatial consequences of cuts in public spending, but interrogations remain regarding public actors’ shifting role in urban production in times of increased budgetary constraints. This article focuses on Land Value Capture (LVC), a financing mechanism that has been gaining traction amongst scholars and practitioners alike. While LVC can be framed as a valuable tool to finance infrastructure provision in times of austerity, we argue that the existing literature has neglected its use by other public actors, for the funding of other urban projects. Indeed, we analysed how different public actors (public landowners, land developers, and local governments) sought to take advantage of the anticipated rise in land value around future stations of the new urban railway system surrounding Paris, the Grand Paris Express. Through an exploration of four case studies, we show that LVC can be a flexible instrument that allows actors to either play into, or mitigate austerity-driven urban policies in French cities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 45-58
Issue: 1
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2240843
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2240843
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# input file: CEPS_A_2170214_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Stefan Hippe
Author-X-Name-First: Stefan
Author-X-Name-Last: Hippe
Author-Name: Dominik Bertram
Author-X-Name-First: Dominik
Author-X-Name-Last: Bertram
Author-Name: Tobias Chilla
Author-X-Name-First: Tobias
Author-X-Name-Last: Chilla
Title: Convergence and resilience in border regions
Abstract: 
 Border regions have often been analyzed regarding cohesion and convergence. However, their development in times of crisis is a relatively new field of interest. This study combines convergence and resilience measurement and explores how both concepts relate. The empirical operationalization is a time series based on GDP trends since the financial crisis for all European border and non-border regions. Firstly, results show that border regions have a lower resistance than non-border regions, but they show a higher recoverability. This finding calls for policy reflections on how to improve short-term resistance in border regions. Secondly, the overall convergence trends are more positive in border regions than in non-border regions. This finding reflects a general catching-up process due to border liberalization and cohesion policy. Thirdly, the more convergent the national state, the more resilient its border regions tend to be. Finally, this study shows that border regions must be seen as territorial objects with high potential and often a strength, but short-term vulnerability is highly relevant.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 186-207
Issue: 1
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2170214
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2170214
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# input file: CEPS_A_2210628_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Rosalba D’Onofrio
Author-X-Name-First: Rosalba
Author-X-Name-Last: D’Onofrio
Title: Urban planning and urban health: attempts at innovation in line with local planning tools
Abstract: 
 A recent WHO-UN-Habitat document states that urban planning is crucial for better public health in cities and that health is input for and an outcome of planning. These statements regard the mission of urban planning: designing cities to promote a healthy lifestyle and guarantee adequate standards of living and work, economic growth, social development, equity, environmental sustainability and connectivity. In recent decades, health has rarely been promoted directly in urban planning; however, the pandemic has ignited new interest in urban planning as an enabler of urban health, for an approach that may trigger useful innovative elements to better respond to people’s needs, improve the quality of life and ensure social equity. This path is still very uncertain. Some people state the need to regulate within urban planning codes, while some warn against restricting local administrations and their capacity to identify unconventional means of innovation, supporting the opportunity to follow a more operational, pragmatic path. This article reflects on current experiments in Europe that propose a ‘soft’ path to combine health issues and urban planning, innovating with local urban plans within current regulatory grids and relying on greater knowledge and accountability on behalf of designers, administrators, doctors and citizens.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 97-120
Issue: 1
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2210628
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2210628
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# input file: CEPS_A_2242400_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Bram Kin
Author-X-Name-First: Bram
Author-X-Name-Last: Kin
Author-Name: Heleen Buldeo Rai
Author-X-Name-First: Heleen
Author-X-Name-Last: Buldeo Rai
Author-Name: Laetitia Dablanc
Author-X-Name-First: Laetitia
Author-X-Name-Last: Dablanc
Author-Name: Hans Quak
Author-X-Name-First: Hans
Author-X-Name-Last: Quak
Title: Integrating logistics into urban planning: best practices from Paris and Rotterdam
Abstract: 
 Cities all over the world are rethinking their mobility policies in light of environmental and quality of life objectives. As space is one of cities’ scarcest resources, mobility’s spatial footprint is increasingly scrutinized as externality to mitigate. Similar to passenger transport, goods transport is envisioned to shift towards efficient and zero emission mobilities. To achieve an urban logistics system that eliminates inefficiencies and fossil fuels, the logistics sector requires space to unload, cross-dock, consolidate and stock goods closer to their destinations. Such a ‘proximity logistics’ is however at odds with ‘logistics sprawl’, the historic outward migration pattern of logistics facilities. With policies and planning, cities can support the (re)integration of logistics facilities in urban areas to facilitate and enable the shift to an efficient urban logistics system. Logistics still being a largely neglected policy subject in many cities, knowledge on how to approach this (re)integration is hardly available. Therefore, we compare two pioneering cities: Rotterdam and Paris. Both cities have an established track record in advancing urban logistics policies and are spearheading the practice of planning for logistics. Based on interviews and policy analyses, we develop best practices on how to address the integration of urban logistics facilities for cities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 24-44
Issue: 1
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2242400
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2242400
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# input file: CEPS_A_2236145_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Michael Wicki
Author-X-Name-First: Michael
Author-X-Name-Last: Wicki
Author-Name: Sophie Hauller
Author-X-Name-First: Sophie
Author-X-Name-Last: Hauller
Author-Name: Thomas Bernauer
Author-X-Name-First: Thomas
Author-X-Name-Last: Bernauer
Author-Name: David Kaufmann
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaufmann
Title: Beyond a transport node? What residents want from transforming railway stations
Abstract: 
 Transport planning authorities and operators in various countries are planning far-reaching transformations of secondary railway stations into so-called mobility hubs with the aim to foster rail-based and intermodal mobility. The transformations of railway stations do not only affect the transportation network, but also the urban fabric surrounding railway stations. Projects of this nature, therefore, require a deeper understanding of the preferences of local residents, the key users of such hubs. We developed a three-stage adaptive survey experiment with a random sample of 2,028 adult residents in the perimeter of three secondary railway stations in Switzerland to identify preferences towards four potential railway station functions: public transport provision, access to multimodality, retail and services, and stations as a public space. The main findings are that the transportation function is the top priority, followed by the public space function. Other functions, such as retail, services, and multimodal mobility, are less preferred by residents. The findings reveal the importance of also considering non-commercial functions of these hubs and that residents are viewing railway station as more than merely transport hubs or shopping centres; they are considered key neighbourhood components that shape local identities through their role as public spaces.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1-23
Issue: 1
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2236145
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2236145
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# input file: CEPS_A_2195903_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Łukasz Mikuła
Author-X-Name-First: Łukasz
Author-X-Name-Last: Mikuła
Title: City-regions in Central Eastern Europe: emerging metropolitan territorialities in post-socialist planning systems
Abstract: 
 City-regions in Central Eastern Europe are still underrepresented in academic debate on metropolitan planning and governance. However, they may provide a valuable insight into the early stages of creating planning partnerships that struggle to cope with problems arising from uncoordinated spatial development in the period of post-socialist transformation, which was not addressed adequately by formal planning systems and regular territorial-administrative units. The paper presents a comparative analysis of six city-regions in Central Eastern Europe based on a review of strategic and planning documents, and direct interviews with representatives of key stakeholders in each area. The main findings of the paper include the significant but underestimated role of the second-tier local governments in metropolitan institutional setups and the crucial position of emerging coalitions of academics, metropolitan-oriented officials and planners for establishing a sustainable planning agenda in the city-region. City-regions in CEE do not follow the categorization of soft spaces of planning that is derived from other territorial contexts. This is because the spatial planning efforts within city-regional soft spaces in CEE are more sustainability-driven than growth-oriented. Yet, more ambitious spatial visions may be overshadowed by a strong focus of local elected politicians on infrastructure projects.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 148-168
Issue: 1
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2195903
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2195903
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# input file: CEPS_A_2177099_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Demet Ulku Gulpinar Sekban
Author-X-Name-First: Demet Ulku
Author-X-Name-Last: Gulpinar Sekban
Author-Name: Cengiz Acar
Author-X-Name-First: Cengiz
Author-X-Name-Last: Acar
Title: Evaluation of the variables affecting usage preferences in reclaimed areas through design focus and intensity
Abstract: 
 After mining activities, mining areas are characterized as unidentified, dysfunctional and degraded landscape. However, such these areas can be converted into landscapes with high perception of landscape potential after the necessary efforts are completed. Before planning and designing such landscapes, it is necessary to determine the factors affecting the preferences. The study focuses on the impact of design focus and intensity on land use preferences. In the study, three stages of design intensity belonging to three different focuses of design were examined over three elements of landscape. After examinations, it was determined that the participants generally preferred mixed-oriented images, in which human and nature factors were equally effective. In addition, it has been confirmed that usage preferences differ in terms of design focus and design intensity. The parameters that should be considered in order to achieve the ideal and preferred designs that appeal to everyone are revealed. It has been determined that the uses in which the parameters of “Original”, “Recreative” and “Beneficial” are defined together are generally preferred. When the demographic characteristics are considered, found that the other variables, except the age factor, form significant relationships when examined on the basis of landscape elements, not in collective preferences.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 121-147
Issue: 1
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2177099
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2177099
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# input file: CEPS_A_2217850_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Agatino Rizzo
Author-X-Name-First: Agatino
Author-X-Name-Last: Rizzo
Author-Name: Jennie Sjöholm
Author-X-Name-First: Jennie
Author-X-Name-Last: Sjöholm
Author-Name: Andrea Luciani
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea
Author-X-Name-Last: Luciani
Title: Smart(en)ing the Arctic city? The cases of Kiruna and Malmberget in Sweden
Abstract: 
 In this article, we problematize the implementation of smart urban experiments in the resource-rich, Arctic periphery. Our case study is the so-called Norrbotten Technological Megasystem in Sweden, with a specific focus on the mining towns of Malmberget/Gällivare and Kiruna. Kiruna in particular is a well know case study as its urban centre is being relocated due to subsidence caused by underground mining. The new town centre is being developed as a testbed for smart urbanism. We argue that if we look at the nexus between resource extraction and urbanization in Kiruna and Malmberget, we find smart city thinking more aligned to the bottom line of the resource extraction industry rather than being an innovative project to make economic development compatible with broader climate and societal challenges. Methodologically, we use historic analysis and assemblage thinking to look at the territorialization and de-territorialization of resource-extraction in Norrbotten over the last 100 years.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 59-77
Issue: 1
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2217850
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2217850
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# input file: CEPS_A_2221283_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Kevin Morgan
Author-X-Name-First: Kevin
Author-X-Name-Last: Morgan
Author-Name: Nadir Kinossian
Author-X-Name-First: Nadir
Author-X-Name-Last: Kinossian
Title: Dismantling Londongrad: the dark geography of dirty money
Abstract: 
 Londongrad is at once a place, a process and a paradox. As a place, it refers to the manifold ways in which London has acquired a reputation for being a safe harbour for dirty money largely on account of a secure system of property rights, a cluster of professional enablers and a neoliberal politics that actively cultivated it. As a process, it illustrates the premier role that London plays in the global system of secrecy jurisdictions. As a paradox it signals the bizarre alignment of two nominally opposed systems, authoritarian state capitalism in Russia and neoliberal capitalism in the UK. Before the war in Ukraine, it was tacitly assumed that Londongrad was impervious to reform because no single political jurisdiction had the reach or the remit to confront this baroque system. Dismantling Londongrad is therefore a belated attempt to regulate the dark geography of dirty money.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 169-185
Issue: 1
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 01
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2221283
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2221283
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# input file: CEPS_A_2156271_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Camilo Calderon
Author-X-Name-First: Camilo
Author-X-Name-Last: Calderon
Author-Name: Amelia Mutter
Author-X-Name-First: Amelia
Author-X-Name-Last: Mutter
Author-Name: Martin Westin
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Westin
Author-Name: Andrew Butler
Author-X-Name-First: Andrew
Author-X-Name-Last: Butler
Title: Navigating swift and slow planning: planners’ balancing act in the design of participatory processes
Abstract: 
 Pressing sustainability challenges and increased influence of neoliberal ideas in planning have resulted in strong demands to ‘speed up’, and increase efficiency in, planning processes. Meanwhile, the reported risks that such emphasis on speed have for participatory decision-making and continuous calls for increased deliberation in planning, following the ideas of communicative planning theory, suggest that planning processes ought to ‘slow down’. These dual pressures for swift and slow planning have been discussed within Nordic planning studies as an ‘either-or’ tension by which decision-making processes are either swift yet exclusive and technical-based and/or market-driven or participatory and deliberative but time-consuming. This paper provides insights into how deliberative planners navigate the double pressure for swift and slow planning in the design of participatory planning processes. It is based on a case study in Uppsala, Sweden where demands for swift decision-making and for participation following deliberative ideals were noticeable. The case study shows planners striving in different ways to balance the contradicting demands for swift and slow planning through their process design choices. These findings provide inspiration to reimagine the deliberative turn in planning as a ‘balancing act’ between equally important demands for participation and deliberation, and for faster and more efficient planning.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 390-409
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2156271
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2156271
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# input file: CEPS_A_2179390_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Víctor Gómez Valenzuela
Author-X-Name-First: Víctor
Author-X-Name-Last: Gómez Valenzuela
Author-Name: Adelheid Holl
Author-X-Name-First: Adelheid
Author-X-Name-Last: Holl
Title: Growth and decline in rural Spain: an exploratory analysis
Abstract: 
 The depopulation of rural areas in both developed and developing countries has become a complex problem with important implications for issues of equality and sustainability. We present a spatial exploratory analysis of the multidimensional factors related to the depopulation of Spain's rural areas. Using highly granular population data to estimate experienced population density allows us to highlight significant differences compared to the conventional administrative boundary in terms of the usual definition of densities. Based on this, we develop a new typology of declining rural areas that takes into account access to urban areas. While most rural areas have been suffering depopulation over the last decades, our results also show that rural areas themselves are not a homogeneous group and that rural areas show strong heterogeneity along different dimensions associated with growth and decline.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 430-453
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2179390
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2179390
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# input file: CEPS_A_1954603_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Francesco Scorza
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco
Author-X-Name-Last: Scorza
Author-Name: Luigi Santopietro
Author-X-Name-First: Luigi
Author-X-Name-Last: Santopietro
Title: A systemic perspective for the Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plan (SECAP)
Abstract: 
 The voluntary-based initiative Covenant of Mayors (CoM) focused on the active role of local authorities and increased its targets by 2016, through the Sustainable Energy and Climate Action Plans (SECAPs) in terms of GHG reduction from 20% to 40% by 2030. In actual fact, the SECAP, intended as an urban planning tool, has the potential to improve the resilience of the EU Municipalities to climate-change, developing adaptation/mitigation actions and increasing the ‘environmental awareness’ of the involved actors. From a planning point of view, we affirm that the CoM started a new season of urban planning in Europe that covers the planning demand in the domain of implementing sustainable territorial development objectives. It unlocks the current ineffective planning systems and represents a remarkable practice promoting feasible framework projects for public and private investments. This paper proposes a methodological proposal to exploit this spread of SECAPs in the EU, including the systemic strategic planning approach in the process of SECAP design and ensuring an integrated vision of city development over the list of actions per sector required by the Global CoM procedures. Besides the methodological proposal, a review of the major EU energy policies is provided and relevant Best Practices are presented.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 281-301
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1954603
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1954603
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# input file: CEPS_A_2169068_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Eduardo Medeiros
Author-X-Name-First: Eduardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Medeiros
Author-Name: Bernardo Valente
Author-X-Name-First: Bernardo
Author-X-Name-Last: Valente
Title: Assessing impacts of public policies towards environmental sustainability in an EU region: North of Portugal
Abstract: 
 Environmental sustainability has been a key policy goal of the European Union (EU), particularly under recent EU Cohesion Policy strategic frameworks. This paper contributes to the analysis of the relevance of EU Cohesion Policy-related environmental sustainability investments, by assessing the impacts of the Operational Programme for Sustainability and Use of Resources (POSEUR 2014–2020), in the Portuguese North NUTS II. In detail, the impact scores of the following five analytical dimensions related to this programme were obtained: (i) low-emissions economy, (ii) adaptation to climate change, (iii) risk prevention and management, (iv) environmental protection and (v) resource efficiency. The analysis was supported by a territorial impact assessment methodology (TARGET_TIA) which was complemented by an online analytic geographic information system (GIS) policy evaluation platform (Impact-WEB_GIS). The results showed that the POSEUR’s regional implementation efficiency fell short of the stakeholders’ expectations. This can be explained by factors such as the obstacles posed by the prior underdeveloped infrastructural conditions, coupled with the panorama created by the Covid-19 outbreak. Nonetheless, the risk prevention and management dimension had a solid positive impact score that reflected the efficacy of POSEUR in tackling environmental threats, mostly in rural ecosystems.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 410-429
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2169068
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2169068
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# input file: CEPS_A_2120764_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Ahmed Bakry
Author-X-Name-First: Ahmed
Author-X-Name-Last: Bakry
Author-Name: Anna Growe
Author-X-Name-First: Anna
Author-X-Name-Last: Growe
Title: Spatial effect of ethnicity on cross-border regions. Comparative analysis for a cultural aspect based on territorial and network perspectives: the cases of the EU Basque and Upper Rhine border regions
Abstract: 
 Cultural proximities are significant aspects that can foster or hinder integration in border regions; however, culture is underrepresented in border studies. Such cultural proximities are affected by cultural characteristics and different types of socio-cultural regional constructs, such as gesellschaft (civic societies) and gemeinschaft (ethnic communities). These characteristics influence both the level of the cultural border networks and the degree of cultural territorial clustering. This study is concerned with answering these questions: How can culture – from the territorial and network perspectives – be measured in two different EU cross-border contexts? How does ethnicity and different socio-cultural constructs in cross-border regions influence spatio-cultural networks and clusters? What different cross-border cultural network typologies exist? What different cultural city types can be differentiated? The first case is the Basque region which tends to symbolise a gemeinschaft ethnic region and the second is the Upper Rhine gesellschaft region. The study is based on quantitative and qualitative datasets. It is argued that the existence of ethnic attributes in European cross-border regions supports internal cultural integration across the border, whereas the cultural networks in non-ethnic regions reach out relatively more to other parts of the EU, implying external integration capabilities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 345-367
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2120764
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2120764
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# input file: CEPS_A_1840524_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Chiara Garau
Author-X-Name-First: Chiara
Author-X-Name-Last: Garau
Author-Name: Giulia Desogus
Author-X-Name-First: Giulia
Author-X-Name-Last: Desogus
Author-Name: Anastasia Stratigea
Author-X-Name-First: Anastasia
Author-X-Name-Last: Stratigea
Title: Territorial cohesion in insular contexts: assessing external attractiveness and internal strength of major Mediterranean islands
Abstract: 
 In recent years, the concept of cohesion goes beyond the economic and social concern, focusing also on alleviating territorial imbalances and rendering sectorial policies of countries belonging to the European Union (EU) coherent and unified. Territorial imbalances are particularly evident in island regions which, constrained by their geographical position, are confronted with greater difficulties, compared to mainland ones. This work explores the potential for territorial cohesion derived from the study of both an internal state indicator (Iis), highlighting inner inadequacies of an island; and an attractiveness indicator (IA), illuminating its external linkages and interactions. Interpretation of these two indicators demonstrates how the internal state of an island forms the ground for implementing integration and cohesion policies that are capable of alleviating territorial cohesion imbalances not only within EU countries but, above all, within other islands’ realities. Both indicators are integrated into an index (composite indicator) of territorial cohesion (ITC), experimented in major Mediterranean islands. An analytical approach is proposed in this respect, stressing the originality and value of this research for strengthening territorial cohesion among island regions through the improvement of their internal state as well as the attractiveness these can develop towards the external world.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 234-253
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1840524
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1840524
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
# input file: CEPS_A_1761947_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Chiara Garau
Author-X-Name-First: Chiara
Author-X-Name-Last: Garau
Author-Name: Alfonso Annunziata
Author-X-Name-First: Alfonso
Author-X-Name-Last: Annunziata
Author-Name: Claudia Yamu
Author-X-Name-First: Claudia
Author-X-Name-Last: Yamu
Title: A walkability assessment tool coupling multi-criteria analysis and space syntax: the case study of Iglesias, Italy
Abstract: 
 The global trend towards the growth of urban population poses the issue of the public space influence on outdoor practices of different subjects. Urban public space is the carrier of an ever-increasing number and density of users. Walking, both as a form of transportation and as a vector to physical activity and social interactions, emerges as a fundamental category of behaviour. The proposed research develops a theoretical and methodological framework for assessing walkability of the urban space. Building on concepts of capability and affordance, walkability is herein conceptualized in terms of the effect of affordances incorporated into the built environment on individuals’ propensity to walk for different purposes. The methodological framework aims to capture the characteristics of walkability across scales as the product of the intrinsic and extrinsic properties of an urban setting.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 211-233
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 2
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2020.1761947
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2020.1761947
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# input file: CEPS_A_2136936_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Céline Janssen
Author-X-Name-First: Céline
Author-X-Name-Last: Janssen
Author-Name: Claudia Basta
Author-X-Name-First: Claudia
Author-X-Name-Last: Basta
Title: Are good intentions enough? Evaluating social sustainability in urban development projects through the capability approach
Abstract: 
 Social sustainability is a multidimensional concept sensitive to the contexts of its application. This study explores how it is interpreted and applied in urban planning practices in which general social sustainability goals are translated into specific urban design interventions. Building upon Sen’s Capability Approach (CA), we analyse the gap between the operationalization of social sustainability goals in Urban Development Projects (UDPs) from the perspective of urban planners, and the following experiences of the residents in the developed urban areas. By applying a capability-based evaluative framework to a UDP in Amsterdam, the study reveals that residents value distinct urban functionings and experience different enabling factors related to urban social sustainability. We conclude that the CA provides an operationalizable framework for assessing how social sustainability goals defined at the early stage of UDPs translate in the actual capabilities of the urban residents for whom those very goals were conceived.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 368-389
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2136936
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2136936
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# input file: CEPS_A_1903400_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: I. Chinis
Author-X-Name-First: I.
Author-X-Name-Last: Chinis
Author-Name: G. Pozoukidou
Author-X-Name-First: G.
Author-X-Name-Last: Pozoukidou
Author-Name: T. Istoriou
Author-X-Name-First: T.
Author-X-Name-Last: Istoriou
Title: Renegotiating spatial planning practices: the role of collective initiatives and informal networks
Abstract: 
 Over the last two decades, spatial planning has been in constant transformation composing a narrative that acknowledges the complex and dynamic nature of cities. This implies the obsolescence of current planning practices to fulfil its scope as well as the need to view urban systems as generated rather than fabricated structures. To this end urban resilience has become a core concept in the contemporary spatial planning discourse, expressing an evolutionary, more flexible and dynamic approach. Nevertheless, transition from the theory of resilience to its practice drew attention to the intrinsic structural inequalities that it might be helping to strengthen, and to the institutional processes creating them to preserve the status quo. This paper attempts to emphasize the value of community and its prospect to create bottom-up, non-capital oriented and non-bureaucratic urban change. It introduces an alternative narrative for resilience that tackles the challenges of the involved entities being collectively active, function in a relational way and provoke change via novel and transformative action. The analysis of two prominent case studies highlight that bottom-up user-generated processes of interconnected actors can affect planning outcomes through valuable learning processes.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 263-280
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1903400
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1903400
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# input file: CEPS_A_1988062_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Aura Kaarivuo
Author-X-Name-First: Aura
Author-X-Name-Last: Kaarivuo
Author-Name: Kari Salo
Author-X-Name-First: Kari
Author-X-Name-Last: Salo
Author-Name: Tommi Mikkonen
Author-X-Name-First: Tommi
Author-X-Name-Last: Mikkonen
Title: From sonic experiences to urban planning innovations
Abstract: 
 It is widely accepted that personal responses to soundscapes are more dependent on listeners’ emotions and attitudes, than on sounds or their physical features alone. Fast-growing cities have catalyzed the importance of designing urban spaces that citizens find pleasant and homely and that support a communal style of living. Unfortunately, there are no standardized methods or techniques to translate sonic experiences into measurable and reliable data, which urban planning professionals or the building industry could turn into innovations and solutions. Most of the data pertaining to noise pollution and city soundscapes is still based on predictive acoustic models and rarely takes any real-life experiences or physical measurements into consideration. This paper presents the concept of a smart and participatory approach for gathering sonic experiences that could be translated into measurable values. The aim is to search for data collection methods to provide data to train deep learning. With machine learning methods, it is possible to find patterns in both desirable and undesirable urban soundscapes. The aim of this concept is to create crowdsourced data collection methods and improve the understanding and communication between citizens and planning processes by producing more accurate and comparable experiential data.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 302-319
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1988062
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1988062
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# input file: CEPS_A_2159110_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Patsy Healey
Author-X-Name-First: Patsy
Author-X-Name-Last: Healey
Title: A new beginning? Spatial planning and research in Europe between 1945 and 1975
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 454-455
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2159110
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2159110
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# input file: CEPS_A_1882948_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Martin Koplin
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Koplin
Author-Name: Matthias Damke
Author-X-Name-First: Matthias
Author-X-Name-Last: Damke
Title: Digital tools for social resonance in urbanity
Abstract: 
 The R&D project ‘Exploring and transforming resonance spaces' (RESet) tends to provide direct impulses for a better participation of people in the urban sphere via digital tools in order to show a view of society and political contexts that is as constructive and creative as possible. We would like to use the impulses to counter individual tendencies of radicalization, apathy and isolation towards the democratic system and promote social participation in our cities in the long term. A lack of trust in state institutions, a lack of understanding of social values and, above all, breaks in social cohesion are omnipresent in Europe today. The core idea of the BMBF research project RESet is to increase people's participation in a phase of the digital transformation of social environments in the urban sphere; and to enable them to take a constructive view of society again. M2C institute tested in RESet possibilities of participation by means of innovative formats and the use of digital tools. RESet is part of the German federal initiative ‘Strengthening cohesion in times of crisis and upheaval’. Here, the project focuses on how to deal with current social change and the resulting social challenges in urbanity.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 254-262
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2021.1882948
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2021.1882948
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# input file: CEPS_A_2077094_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Francesco Scorza
Author-X-Name-First: Francesco
Author-X-Name-Last: Scorza
Author-Name: Giovanni Fortunato
Author-X-Name-First: Giovanni
Author-X-Name-Last: Fortunato
Title: Active mobility-oriented urban development: a morpho-syntactic scenario for a mid-sized town
Abstract: 
 This work is based on the analysis and the assessment of morphological and syntactic characteristics of the street network of a mid-sized city: Potenza (County Seat of Basilicata region – Italy). Based on the identification of sustainable mobility options related to the selected case study, the research identifies an active mobility infrastructure framework to improve sustainable mobility policies as a component of urban planning. This research presents the methodology used for creating a ‘morpho-syntactic’ scenario for the case study town. Traditional techniques for morphological analysis (including terrain and street slope) have been integrated by mathematical graph theory-based spatial configuration measurements using the Space Syntax Analysis and Place Syntax Analysis as an extended framework oriented to assess ‘urban places’. The results obtained by this approach are useful for planning a more sustainable urban mobility scenario based on the pedestrian route network for Potenza town and represent a transferable analytical framework for similar cases.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 320-344
Issue: 2
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 02
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2022.2077094
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2022.2077094
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# input file: CEPS_A_2221293_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Solène Le Borgne
Author-X-Name-First: Solène
Author-X-Name-Last: Le Borgne
Title: Coping with urban shrinkage: the role of informal social capital in French medium-sized shrinking cities
Abstract: 
 This paper addresses current debates on the role of social capital in the context of urban shrinkage, by investigating the specific role of informal social capital. The results are drawn from qualitative studies conducted in two French medium-sized shrinking cities. The findings show that similarly to the institutional and collective forms of social capital analyzed in previous literature, informal social capital is also impacted by the changes affecting urban place in the context of shrinkage, and particularly weakened for elderly residents – especially women – and young professionals. At the same time, it constitutes an efficient resource, that helps residents facing shrinkage-related problems individually rather than addressing shrinkage itself collectively. Finally, the findings highlight the role of specific social actors such as community centres who, by providing institutionalized sources of social capital, foster the creation of informal social capital and allow us to address its unequal distribution and weakening. This emphasizes the need to reconsider current social capital-based planning strategies, from relying mainly on collective initiatives addressing shrinkage, to supporting institutional social actors in the creation of small scale, individual level social ties and interactions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 569-585
Issue: 3
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2221293
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2221293
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# input file: CEPS_A_2268119_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Eva Kiss
Author-X-Name-First: Eva
Author-X-Name-Last: Kiss
Author-Name: Balázs Páger
Author-X-Name-First: Balázs
Author-X-Name-Last: Páger
Title: Spatial patterns of manufacturing sectors and digitalisation in Hungary in the age of Industry 4.0
Abstract: 
 The study explores how the territorial structure of manufacturing sectors with differing technological intensities is influencing the spatial pattern of digitalisation in the early stages of the fourth industrial revolution. Using data from 2014 to 2019 for sectors classified according to technology intensity and indicators measuring digitalisation trends, we have conducted a correlation and cluster analysis of Hungarian districts (formerly LAU1 level). We found that the geography of manufacturing sectors determines the spatial patterns of digitalisation, and the digitalisation is more advanced in districts that concentrate sectors with high and medium-high technological intensity.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 668-693
Issue: 3
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2268119
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2268119
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# input file: CEPS_A_2273700_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Philip Cooke
Author-X-Name-First: Philip
Author-X-Name-Last: Cooke
Title: A tour of the European space economy: theorizing ‘What Happened?’
Abstract: 
 This editorial is intended to provide a brief overview of the evolution of a selection of European space economies and policies introduced to mitigate the devastating effects of at least five crises most have faced in the past decade or more. In a time of great fragility in economy, politics and society, concatenations of the five crises and more have challenged planners to come up with new solutions to long-standing urban and regional problems (otherwise ‘opportunities’). The five crises focused on here are: Green Transition; Great Financial Crisis; Euro Crisis; Migration and Refugee Asylum Crisis; COVID-19 Crisis. Occasional papers in the Special Issue that follows refer to other crisis effects such as; Ukraine resistance to its war against the Russian invasion; the Israeli-Palestinian conflict of October 2023; Austerity policies and associated urban and regional disparities with inter-regional tensions; and the socio-economic effects of liberalization of Eastern Europe.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 457-462
Issue: 3
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2273700
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2273700
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# input file: CEPS_A_2222145_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Linda Stihl
Author-X-Name-First: Linda
Author-X-Name-Last: Stihl
Title: Local culture and change agency in old industrial places: spinning forward and digging deeper
Abstract: 
 The paper unpacks the relationship between local culture and agency to enhance our understanding of local variations of agency. The paper studies two former old industrial places in Sweden; one place characterized by an entrepreneurial culture (Borås), the other with a company town culture (Kiruna). Both cases experienced structural crisis around 1970s. A study period of more than 30 years is used to analyse actions and actors present in different phases of development, using 38 semi-structured interviews. The concepts of change agency and reproductive agency are used to analyse agentic patterns. Cultural transformation is mapped using values, heroes, symbols and rituals. The paper finds that the entrepreneurial culture is an enabling condition for change agency, whereas the company town culture is hampering change agency. The paper also finds that lock-ins can continue to affect actors after a crisis and that opportunities for change agency therefore is actor-specific, i.e. that local agency varies between actors and over time. Reproductive agency is present in both regions to maintain the cultural identity, but the company town culture is more resistant to institutional changes. Yet, both local cultures have changed, and in both cases the changes have opened for more change agency.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 586-606
Issue: 3
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2222145
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2222145
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# input file: CEPS_A_2207605_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Erblin Berisha
Author-X-Name-First: Erblin
Author-X-Name-Last: Berisha
Author-Name: Giancarlo Cotella
Author-X-Name-First: Giancarlo
Author-X-Name-Last: Cotella
Author-Name: Umberto Janin Rivolin
Author-X-Name-First: Umberto
Author-X-Name-Last: Janin Rivolin
Author-Name: Alys Solly
Author-X-Name-First: Alys
Author-X-Name-Last: Solly
Title: Spatial governance and planning systems vis-à-vis land consumption in Europe
Abstract: 
 This paper shows that, in principle, better public control in planning tends to contain land consumption in the medium-long term, thus confirming the reliability of the typology of spatial governance and planning systems in Europe recently proposed in this journal. That typology, covering 39 countries classified into five types of system by decreasing capacity for public control, is here related to the variation of land consumption in the respective countries over approximately 20 years. The result of the quantitative comparison is interpreted and refined through a qualitative analysis aimed at explaining the apparent anomalies. The results of the analysis generally verify the investigated correlation. Ultimately, to give substance to the declared commitment to curb or reduce land consumption, political attention should also be paid to the quality of the institutional technologies that can work to this end.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 553-568
Issue: 3
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2207605
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2207605
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# input file: CEPS_A_2185094_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Miguel Viegas
Author-X-Name-First: Miguel
Author-X-Name-Last: Viegas
Author-Name: Jan Wolf
Author-X-Name-First: Jan
Author-X-Name-Last: Wolf
Author-Name: Paulo Batista
Author-X-Name-First: Paulo
Author-X-Name-Last: Batista
Author-Name: João Lourenço Marques
Author-X-Name-First: João Lourenço
Author-X-Name-Last: Marques
Title: Overcoming the barriers: cross-border convergence in Portugal and Spain between 2000 and 2018
Abstract: 
 Cross-border cooperation is a major instrument of European policy to overcome the barriers posed by national borders and correcting regional imbalances. But the question of whether it is leading to the convergence of cross-border regions (CBRs) is still open for debate, given the significant heterogeneity of borders and the localized and spatially bound nature of many border effects. This article analyses the beta and sigma convergences in GDP per capita growth for the NUTS-3 at the Portuguese-Spanish border between 2000 and 2018, also considering their population growth. The main finding is that, even if their population growth is below the national averages, the CBR is converging in economic terms. This convergence is visible in the reduced dispersion of the GDP in the border regions and is also confirmed by spatial models, which showed that being a border region increases the probability of having above-average growth rates and that the NUTS-3 with initially low GDP in the cross-border region were also growing above average. This convergence was found to be robust, considering different model specifications and important factors for convergence, such as population growth and spatial dependence. A negative relationship between population and GDP per capita growth was found.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 463-482
Issue: 3
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2185094
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2185094
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# input file: CEPS_A_2254329_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Estelle Evrard
Author-X-Name-First: Estelle
Author-X-Name-Last: Evrard
Author-Name: Peter Schmitt
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Schmitt
Title: Do new brooms sweep clean? Striving for ‘A Just Europe’ in the Territorial Agenda 2030
Abstract: 
 The Territorial Agenda 2030, adopted in December 2020, introduces a new policy frame: that of ‘A Just Europe’. This intergovernmental policy document is intended to guide territorial cohesion policy and strategic spatial planning in and across the EU member states. But what does the adjective ‘just’ mean and to what extent can it become operational? Drawing on text analysis and expert interviews, the paper investigates the rationales and expectations underpinning this policy frame. It firstly contextualizes the policy frame of ‘a Just Europe’ within the policy and academic debates on spatial justice and territorial cohesion, and positions the Territorial Agenda 2030 against the backdrop of its forerunners. The analysis demonstrates that instead of guiding measures, the Territorial Agenda 2030, like its forerunners, essentially has a diagnostic and to some extent also a motivational function to mobilize policy actions. We do however identify and discuss three rather novel conditions which, unlike those of its forerunners, may revitalize the European spatial planning discourse. This contribution demonstrates that spatial justice is an inspiring notion to critically reflect on the current and future character and potentials of European spatial planning in general and territorial cohesion policy in particular.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 629-647
Issue: 3
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2254329
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2254329
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# input file: CEPS_A_2262523_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Andrzej Cieślik
Author-X-Name-First: Andrzej
Author-X-Name-Last: Cieślik
Author-Name: Tomasz Misiak
Author-X-Name-First: Tomasz
Author-X-Name-Last: Misiak
Title: Related and unrelated variety and convergence to technological frontier: empirical evidence for Polish regions
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the effects of related and unrelated variety on total factor productivity (TFP) in Poland. Based on dynamic panel data regression results for Polish regions in 2003-2019, we find the positive effect of related variety and the strong negative effect of unrelated variety on TFP. This implies that regions with high related and low unrelated variety optimize TFP. Using the estimated TFP values, we tested for TFP convergence to the technological frontier using convergence tests that take into account significant differences in technological advancement across regions. We reject TFP convergence for all regions, but we find evidence of regional club convergence. The results of the convergence tests obtained for the simulation variants indicate that changes in related and unrelated variety structures may lead to the formation of convergence clubs with the regional technological leader. Furthermore, the changes primarily in related variety structures lead to the convergence of some regions to the regional technological frontier.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 648-667
Issue: 3
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2262523
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2262523
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# input file: CEPS_A_2267250_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Simona Šťastná
Author-X-Name-First: Simona
Author-X-Name-Last: Šťastná
Author-Name: Jan Ženka
Author-X-Name-First: Jan
Author-X-Name-Last: Ženka
Author-Name: Luděk Krtička
Author-X-Name-First: Luděk
Author-X-Name-Last: Krtička
Title: Regional economic resilience: insights from five crises
Abstract: 
 We examine the association between industrial structure and regional economic resilience during five different crises in Czechia, focusing on the Covid-19 pandemic and the Russo-Ukrainian war. The effects of economic diversity, sectoral structure, factor intensity of production, and firm size structure on regional resistance were tested. We found that regional patterns of resistance varied significantly from one crisis to another. There were only two major cases where a positive association with regional resistance turned into a negative from one shock to another: public services that absorbed unemployment during the Great Recession and shed labour in the austerity crisis, and capital-intensive industries that exhibited a positive statistical effect on regional resistance during the transitionary shock and the Great Recession, while their contribution to regional labour markets during the Covid-19 pandemic and the War was negative.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 506-533
Issue: 3
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2267250
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2267250
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# input file: CEPS_A_2271522_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Eeva-Kaisa Prokkola
Author-X-Name-First: Eeva-Kaisa
Author-X-Name-Last: Prokkola
Author-Name: Fredriika Jakola
Author-X-Name-First: Fredriika
Author-X-Name-Last: Jakola
Title: Scaling beyond north and south: local agency of Finnish municipalities in European structural funds
Abstract: 
 Increasing regional differentiation and discontent in Europe have directed critical attention to European territorial cohesion policy and the European Structural and Investment Funds (ESI Fund) mechanism. There is wide literature investigating macro-level processes of regional differentiation and cohesion as well as the efficiency of multi-level governance in the implementation of the funding mechanism. This study contributes to the existing multidisciplinary literature on cohesion policy and structural funds by extending an understanding of the ESI Funds system to a local agency perspective with a specific focus on Finnish municipalities and the programme period 2014–2020, characterized by austerity policies, regional discontent and disagreement between the ESI programme regions. The examination offers a new understanding of local agents and beneficiaries’ differential access in the ESI Funds, showing that the agency of municipalities in the ESI Funds is simultaneously enabled and constrained by the multilevel Structural Funds programme’s areas of specialization, national regional policies, partnerships and the local environment. The findings indicate that generating inclusive and equal possibilities for all municipalities would necessitate more attention to the allocation of ESI Funds within the programme regions, not just between them.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 534-552
Issue: 3
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2271522
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2271522
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# input file: CEPS_A_2247023_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Arnault Morisson
Author-X-Name-First: Arnault
Author-X-Name-Last: Morisson
Author-Name: Huiwen Gong
Author-X-Name-First: Huiwen
Author-X-Name-Last: Gong
Title: Leveraging national opportunities for regional transformation: multi-scalar system-building and legitimation in a Swiss industrial town
Abstract: 
 European regions are currently confronted with significant challenges stemming from the green transition and technological disruption. These challenges impose growing pressure on regions to restructure their economies and transition towards more sustainable and innovative modes of production. While the existing literature extensively addresses regional transformation, less attention has been devoted to understanding how actors can effectively leverage opportunities available at different scales to facilitate regional transformation. This study focuses on the ongoing transformation of Biel/Bienne, an industrial town in Switzerland, to illustrate how regional actors have seized two institutional opportunities at the national level based on competitive calls to drive regional transformation. The study emphasizes the importance of multiscalar system-building and legitimation efforts undertaken by regional stakeholders in perceiving and leveraging these national opportunities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 607-628
Issue: 3
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2247023
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2247023
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# input file: CEPS_A_2186167_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20231214T103247 git hash: d7a2cb0857
Author-Name: Marek Feurich
Author-X-Name-First: Marek
Author-X-Name-Last: Feurich
Author-Name: Jana Kourilova
Author-X-Name-First: Jana
Author-X-Name-Last: Kourilova
Author-Name: Martin Pelucha
Author-X-Name-First: Martin
Author-X-Name-Last: Pelucha
Author-Name: Edward Kasabov
Author-X-Name-First: Edward
Author-X-Name-Last: Kasabov
Title: Bridging the urban-rural digital divide: taxonomy of the best practice and critical reflection of the EU countries’ approach
Abstract: 
 This paper explores and interrogates existing approaches to urban-rural digital divide reduction. The EU and its member states are applying fragmented and diverse digitalization of territories. Any systematic review of best practice and the juxtaposition of urban and rural areas is lacking. The authors present a taxonomy of key European rural digitalization approaches and determined EU country clusters according to the extent of their use, with a critical analysis of the context of their successes or failures. The key finding is identification of digital infrastructure and virtual sphere coherence as a challenge for bridging the urban-rural digital divide.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 483-505
Issue: 3
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 03
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2186167
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2186167
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# input file: CEPS_A_2222153_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Benito Giordano
Author-X-Name-First: Benito
Author-X-Name-Last: Giordano
Author-Name: Lidia Greco
Author-X-Name-First: Lidia
Author-X-Name-Last: Greco
Title: Capturing the achievements made by Interreg? Insights from cross border cooperation between Spain and Portugal
Abstract: 
 In recent years, ‘place-based’ interventions have become influential in shaping economic development policy, especially at the European level. From the 2007 to 2013 programming period onwards, EU Cohesion policy, adopted a ‘place-based’ approach to encourage the competitiveness of all regions. Rather than spatially-blind interventions, the focus is on tackling territorial inequalities via a more sophisticated spatially-sensitive approach to stimulate economic change, at the local level. The challenge is that place-based policies are complex, risky and the performance indicators used to capture the achievements from EU Cohesion policy focus on direct results rather than expected policy change, making it hard to prove effectiveness and value for money. This paper contributes to ongoing academic and policy debates about how to capture the achievements of EU Cohesion policy, through an in-depth case study of ‘place-based’ interventions made via Interreg funding, to encourage cross-border cooperation between Spain and Portugal. The evidence illustrates that there is a need for novel approaches, which are conceptually informed and spatially sensitive to be able to capture not only the quantitative but also the qualitative achievements generated through EU ‘place-based’ interventions.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 760-780
Issue: 4
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2222153
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2222153
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# input file: CEPS_A_2237537_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Zsófia Zádor
Author-X-Name-First: Zsófia
Author-X-Name-Last: Zádor
Author-Name: Zhen Zhu
Author-X-Name-First: Zhen
Author-X-Name-Last: Zhu
Author-Name: Matthew Smith
Author-X-Name-First: Matthew
Author-X-Name-Last: Smith
Author-Name: Sara Gorgoni
Author-X-Name-First: Sara
Author-X-Name-Last: Gorgoni
Title: The effect of value chain importance on regional economic recovery
Abstract: 
 This paper investigates the link between value chain importance and economic growth for the EU24 regions between 2008 and 2018. It finds that relying more on GVCs worsened regional growth during the financial crisis, but led to higher growth in the long run. The results contribute to the literature on regional resilience and the public debate on the impact of shocks and the desirability of GVCs. Furthermore, by separately analyzing the importance of global and regional value chains it contributes to the discussion on the effect of regionalization and provides insights on how the re-configuring of value chains may affect regional growth.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 843-862
Issue: 4
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2237537
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2237537
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# input file: CEPS_A_2240832_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Ewa Szulc-Wódarska
Author-X-Name-First: Ewa
Author-X-Name-Last: Szulc-Wódarska
Author-Name: Arkadiusz M. Kowalski
Author-X-Name-First: Arkadiusz M.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kowalski
Title: Start-ups formation in Italy: the role of regional innovation systems
Abstract: 
 What is the role of regional innovation systems in start-up formation? To explain regional variation in start-up rates, we conducted a mixed-methods study based on data from Italy. Through in-depth interviews with entrepreneurs, we assessed the role of RIS in the start-up process. Next, we estimated a multivariate OLS regression model. We found that in Italian regions start-up formation depends on the knowledge generation and diffusion subsystem: quality of research, entrepreneurial education, networking opportunities and access to resources. The innovativeness of regional industrial bases has a limited effect on start-up formation. We interpret the results as an effect of an institutional setting that creates limited incentives for innovative entrepreneurship. Overall, we find that the innovation performance of Italian regions is not associated with start-up formation rates.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 882-903
Issue: 4
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2240832
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2240832
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# input file: CEPS_A_2242422_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Estibaliz Rodríguez-Núñez
Author-X-Name-First: Estibaliz
Author-X-Name-Last: Rodríguez-Núñez
Author-Name: Amparo Cervera-Taulet
Author-X-Name-First: Amparo
Author-X-Name-Last: Cervera-Taulet
Author-Name: Iñaki Periáñez-Cañadillas
Author-X-Name-First: Iñaki
Author-X-Name-Last: Periáñez-Cañadillas
Title: Assessing social value derived from social innovation capacity: a review on the European urban context
Abstract: 
 Urban Social Innovation Capacity is determined as a key aspect to explain Social Value creation in European cities suffering increased social problems derived from the urban growth and exacerbated by COVID-19. New Public Value Management paradigm has appeared involving urban managers in new city-centred management models based on Social Innovation networking processes, increasing their capacity to innovate as they face the current social challenges. The main purpose in this study is to assess the Social Value performed within specific systems and to propose instruments to provide local managers with valid and reliable tools for assessing both Social Value and Urban Social Innovation Capacity. The study conducted a mixed-method research technique. A qualitative study to validate the theoretical approach and, with the objective to examine the positive effect of Urban Social Innovation Capacity on Social Value, an empirical work based on PLS well stocked with data collected from a survey aimed at urban social innovation managers in Eurocities. Results showed a direct positive effect of Urban Social Innovation Capacity on Social Value but no effect between Socioeconomic Context and Social Value. The study additionally offers a modern definition for Social Innovation and implications for local managers.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 904-923
Issue: 4
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2242422
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2242422
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# input file: CEPS_A_2226702_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Theodore Metaxas
Author-X-Name-First: Theodore
Author-X-Name-Last: Metaxas
Title: Territorial assets and SMEs competitiveness: the case of prefecture of Thessaloniki, Greece
Abstract: 
 This study examines the impact of territorial assets on firms’ competitiveness in the Prefecture of Thessaloniki. Questionnaires were handed out to 1311 small- and medium-sized firms located in the area. The research instrument included 27 territorial assets where respondents evaluated the performance of Thessaloniki in these factors. The analysis used Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) techniques and included two parts according to the type of firms. The first concerned Commercial firms and the second Industrial Firms. The models for Service firms were not valid; hence, there were excluded. The results indicated that territorial assets are connected with firms’ competitiveness since in both models all-structural relationships were statistically significant. Territorial assets have a different impact according to the sector. For commercial firms, Agglomeration, Labour and Cost influence positively their competitiveness. In contrast, industrial firms’ competitiveness is associated with Connection and Institution. Overall, it seems that Thessaloniki has more of a commercial character rather than an industrial one. Furthermore, firms’ competitiveness in the area is aligned with sustainability. In particular, the commercial and industrial sectors operate relatively providing fertile ground for the development of business practices that also met the needs of the community.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 801-819
Issue: 4
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2226702
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2226702
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# input file: CEPS_A_2240555_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Sven Daniel Wolfe
Author-X-Name-First: Sven Daniel
Author-X-Name-Last: Wolfe
Title: How big things get done: the surprising factors behind every successful project, from home renovations to space exploration
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 924-925
Issue: 4
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2240555
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2240555
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# input file: CEPS_A_2239303_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Andrea Pallás-Rocafull
Author-X-Name-First: Andrea
Author-X-Name-Last: Pallás-Rocafull
Author-Name: José Pla-Barber
Author-X-Name-First: José
Author-X-Name-Last: Pla-Barber
Author-Name: Cristina Villar
Author-X-Name-First: Cristina
Author-X-Name-Last: Villar
Author-Name: José-Luis Hervás-Oliver
Author-X-Name-First: José-Luis
Author-X-Name-Last: Hervás-Oliver
Title: Enhancing firm resilience: how the Valencian textile cluster responded to COVID-19-induced GVC disruptions
Abstract: 
 This paper investigates how the localization of firms in clusters enhances their resilience in the face of external shocks, using the COVID-19-related disruptions of global value chains (GVCs) as a case study. Our qualitative study of the Alcoi-Ontinyent textile cluster in Spain's Valencian Region shows that the cluster's institutional infrastructure facilitated the reorganization of the cluster’s cognitive structure, enabling small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to cope with the shock. Local collective actors aided in leveraging cluster enabling factors to enhance firms’ resource position and their reconfiguration, thus supporting firms’ dynamic capabilities, and ultimately their resilience. Our study contributes to the literature on clusters and firm resilience by showing that clusters can play a crucial role in SMEs’ ability to respond to external shocks and offering insights into how firms can leverage their location in clusters. We also shed light on the importance of institutions, collective actors, and collective actions in creating a competitive advantage for clustered SMEs.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 863-881
Issue: 4
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2239303
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2239303
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# input file: CEPS_A_2237052_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Lea Holst Laursen
Author-X-Name-First: Lea Holst
Author-X-Name-Last: Laursen
Author-Name: Ida Sofie Gøtzsche Lange
Author-X-Name-First: Ida Sofie Gøtzsche
Author-X-Name-Last: Lange
Title: Towards a multi-scalar place-sensitive planning approach in small-sized cities
Abstract: 
 The urban fabric can be characterised as an ever-evolving assemblage operating on multiple scales; constantly being constituted and reshaped by internal and external elements, not making it possible to regard any place as an isolated entity at a specific scale. Through an overview of relational place theory, this paper aims to theoretically discuss how local planning practices need to include a relational and multi-scalar approach to cope with complex urban and rural realities if they wish to create development in local places. To unfold this, the paper reveals some of the empirical implications of such a multi-scalar urban reality, by analysing how two selected Danish municipalities seek to relate to, respond to and comply with the networked and relational reality of place in their planning practices. The empirical work builds among others on students’ field work and the cases expose the importance of working with totalities, relations and networks on multiple scales; however, they also reveal the challenges related to the manifestations of such a practice. The paper argues that, despite the challenges associated with this practice, the current complex global interconnectedness of places calls for an increased focus on strategic municipal planning approaches that are both multi-scalar and place-sensitive.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 820-842
Issue: 4
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2237052
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2237052
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# input file: CEPS_A_2207600_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Anastasiya Matyushkina
Author-X-Name-First: Anastasiya
Author-X-Name-Last: Matyushkina
Author-Name: Solène Le Borgne
Author-X-Name-First: Solène Le
Author-X-Name-Last: Borgne
Author-Name: Agnes Matoga
Author-X-Name-First: Agnes
Author-X-Name-Last: Matoga
Title: Overcoming the limitations to co-production in shrinking cities: insights from Latvia, France, and the Netherlands
Abstract: 
 Co-production often appears as a virtue in academic research and planning practice, particularly in shrinking cities, which struggle to develop effective policies and provide sufficient level of public services. In this paper, we argue that the urban shrinkage context imposes significant limitations to co-production practices, that we urge should not be neglected. Drawing on three contrasting projects in Riga (Latvia), Nevers (France), and Heerlen (the Netherlands), we explore existing limitations and consider possibilities to overcome them. The analyses show that the efficacy of co-production practices is impaired due to a reduced level of trust towards public authorities; selective outmigration; weakened social capital; and political prioritizing of private sector interests over civil society. To overcome these, we discuss the role of several tools, namely mediating actors, independent funding, civic empowerment, and the willingness of public authorities to regenerate power relations.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 720-738
Issue: 4
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2207600
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2207600
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# input file: CEPS_A_2221310_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Maximilian Benner
Author-X-Name-First: Maximilian
Author-X-Name-Last: Benner
Author-Name: Shahar Shilo
Author-X-Name-First: Shahar
Author-X-Name-Last: Shilo
Title: Discourse as a carrier of history: wine tourism in the Negev and its evolution
Abstract: 
 The literature on spatial evolution has taken a high interest in structure-agency dynamics, but how long-term discourse interacts with these dynamics in shaping new paths still lacks a systematic understanding. To advance such an understanding, this article draws on the agency, structure, institutions and discourse (ASID) framework and refocuses it on spatial evolution. By doing so, the article aims at elucidating the discursive aspects of evolutionary spatial processes and highlights in particular the role of abstract macro-level discourses and concrete imaginaries as long-term discursive foundations of spatial evolution. In this way, discourse acts as a carrier of long-term historical roots and associations. By considering the historical rootedness of the discursive foundations of paths, the framework contributes to giving history a stronger role in evolutionary economic geography. We apply this analytical framework to wine tourism in Israel’s Negev and focus particularly on the historically rooted imaginaries that underpin the development of this path.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 739-759
Issue: 4
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2221310
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2221310
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# input file: CEPS_A_2195886_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Miruna Drăghia
Author-X-Name-First: Miruna
Author-X-Name-Last: Drăghia
Author-Name: Radu-Matei Cocheci
Author-X-Name-First: Radu-Matei
Author-X-Name-Last: Cocheci
Author-Name: Bogdan Olariu
Author-X-Name-First: Bogdan
Author-X-Name-Last: Olariu
Title: Housing dynamics around Romania’s developing cities: the high demand for specific planning instruments in functional urban areas
Abstract: 
 Metropolitan planning has been a dominant trend in spatial development for decades. In this context, Functional Urban Areas (FUAs) have emerged as a concept to illustrate the economic interdependencies between an urban core and its hinterland, being typically determined by commuting patterns or accessibility criteria. In Romania, FUAs were defined for the county capitals (40 cities) as areas where urban development projects could be financed from regional development funds. This paper analyzes the territorial dynamics in one of Romania's fastest-growing functional urban areas, Cluj-Napoca, using a comparative analysis of satellite images and selected indicators. The results demonstrate the spatial impact of economic development in the past 20 years, revealing expanding boundaries of artificial surface and housing units in FUAs. Unfortunately, the current fragmented territorial configuration is unable to manage the new functional relationships generated by real estate dynamics. Therefore, we support the need to introduce a normative territorial plan at the intercommunity level to correlate the spatial development vision between the main city and its fast-growing suburban areas. Such an instrument will not only support an efficient land-use management and enhanced living conditions, but it will also provide a framework to systematically integrate territorial investments around major cities.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 695-719
Issue: 4
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2195886
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2195886
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# input file: CEPS_A_2226700_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Daragh O’Leary
Author-X-Name-First: Daragh
Author-X-Name-Last: O’Leary
Author-Name: Justin Doran
Author-X-Name-First: Justin
Author-X-Name-Last: Doran
Author-Name: Bernadette Power
Author-X-Name-First: Bernadette
Author-X-Name-Last: Power
Title: A multilevel approach to firm interrelationships across European regions
Abstract: 
 Policymakers attempt to foster entrepreneurship within European regions yet firm interrelationships across European regions remain understudied. This paper analyses the extent to which past firm births and deaths influence future firm births and deaths across European NUTS 2 regions through the lens of competition, multiplier and Marshall effects. Using a novel multilevel mixed effects regression model, we find evidence for an immediate multiplier effect changing to a competition effect as time passes across European regions and countries. We also identify that significant variations in firm birth and death rates exist across European regions validating the importance of more decentralized regional entrepreneurial policies which has implications for policies like the European Regional Development Fund’s (ERDF) Cohesion Plan and the Smart Specialization Strategy.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 781-800
Issue: 4
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 04
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2226700
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2226700
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# input file: CEPS_A_2249508_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Edmond Manahasa
Author-X-Name-First: Edmond
Author-X-Name-Last: Manahasa
Author-Name: Odeta Manahasa
Author-X-Name-First: Odeta
Author-X-Name-Last: Manahasa
Title: The role of landmarks in shaping Tirana’s urban identity: the shift from socialist to post-socialist city
Abstract: 
 This study examines the change of urban identity from the socialist period to post-socialist Tirana, evaluating the role of landmarks. The continuously changing city image in the post-socialist period, associated with the construction of new high-rise buildings, is the commencement of this research. The aim is to measure to what extent the change of the landmarks in the post-socialist period impacts Tirana’s identity. To achieve this goal, we interviewed Tirana citizens (N = 209) about the socialist/post-socialist period landmarks representing city identity. The methodology includes surveying, mapping, visualization, and clustering. Through a conceptual diagram, the study emphasizes the role of landmarks within the urban identity concept by utilizing their salience-providing features, which are visual, semantic, and locational. The results reveal that the socialist city identity is represented by landmarks that possess a strong image and semantic values. In contrast, post-socialist city identity is represented by new landmarks, which are reported as many and emphasize the rise of experience-oriented landmarks in an entertainment district. The study found a location shift in the landmarks representing Tirana’s urban identity from the socialist to post-socialist city. However, in both periods, the majority are on the city’s main Boulevard (city spine), which works as a mental skeleton.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1029-1058
Issue: 5
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2249508
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# input file: CEPS_A_2283527_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Jiri Chovanecek
Author-X-Name-First: Jiri
Author-X-Name-Last: Chovanecek
Author-Name: Jiri Panek
Author-X-Name-First: Jiri
Author-X-Name-Last: Panek
Author-Name: Barbora Frlickova
Author-X-Name-First: Barbora
Author-X-Name-Last: Frlickova
Title: What are the driving factors for implementing participatory budgeting? A case study from Czechia
Abstract: 
 This paper builds on an intensive and unique survey of all Czech municipalities (n = 6,258) regarding the geoparticipatory spatial tools used in the decision-making processes of local administrations and the Index of Geoparticipation derived from the dataset. Furthermore, we have collected and analysed data regarding 238 participatory budgeting events in the Czech Republic from the years 2012–2020. This paper is divided into two sections. We investigate the relationships among the municipalities’ membership in the Healthy Cities of the Czech Republic network (HCCZ), as well as the municipalities’ levels of indebtedness and their performances in the Index of Geoparticipation and their usage of participatory budgeting. Our primary theory states that membership in HCCZ and higher values in the Index of Geoparticipation will support the use of participatory budgeting, while indebtedness will discourage municipalities from implementing participatory budgeting. We deepen the knowledge of participatory budgeting in the Czech Republic, while focusing on the qualitative analysis of projects that have been approved and implemented through the tool of participatory budgeting at the municipal level. Additionally, we examine what type of projects the funds are allocated to and how the characteristics of these projects change over time.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1165-1184
Issue: 5
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2283527
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2283527
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# input file: CEPS_A_2249950_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Vibeke Nenseth
Author-X-Name-First: Vibeke
Author-X-Name-Last: Nenseth
Author-Name: Per Gunnar Røe
Author-X-Name-First: Per Gunnar
Author-X-Name-Last: Røe
Title: Sustainable suburban mobilities – planning practices and paradoxes
Abstract: 
 Cities are in transition towards more sustainable mobilities, and many city cores are beyond peak car. However, the suburbs are still largely car based. Although planning principles for compact centres and transit-oriented development have been prevalent since the early nineties, there has been little progress towards more sustainable suburban mobility. This is also the case for the Greater Oslo region. To understand this implementation gap, we have investigated the adoption of the overarching principles of land use and transport planning, as represented in the regional plan for Greater Oslo. In two suburban municipalities, we have focused on key actors in local planning, who are crucial for the implementation of planning principles and strategies to achieve change. We find that the sustainability principles focusing on densification around public transport nodes and in suburban centres are supported. However, essential aspects of social sustainability in the growing suburban towns, have largely been left out. Drawing on the reflexive turn in policies and planning, we argue that this implementation deficit is an unintentional consequence of a too narrow disciplinary spatial planning approach. The implementation of sustainable planning principles requires a broader knowledge base, including the social sciences, in order to take into account peoples’ preferences and practices.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1059-1077
Issue: 5
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2249950
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2249950
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# input file: CEPS_A_2246508_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Noriko Otsuka
Author-X-Name-First: Noriko
Author-X-Name-Last: Otsuka
Author-Name: Alan Reeve
Author-X-Name-First: Alan
Author-X-Name-Last: Reeve
Title: Railway stations as public space: how to promote rail journeys via multi-functional railway stations
Abstract: 
 In many European cities, railway stations have become urban hubs in which a variety of functions and uses are focused. These include retail, cafés, offices and housing. They are often also complemented by adjacent amenity open space, in both hard and soft landscaping, alongside a broader provision for other modes, such as public transport, walking and cycling. In this sense, large-scale transport hubs resemble small-scale city centres and, like other urban centres, the public space in stations should meet the needs of a wide range of users. The design and management of railway stations is highly complex and the risk of such nodes failing as quality public spaces is significant. In addition, railway stations play a pivotal role in encouraging public transport use and they have the potential to contribute to a modal shift from more polluting transport modes. We argue that the design and management of such spaces is a key variable in the modal choices many travellers make. Based on empirical research across Europe, this paper presents a set of indicators for assessing the quality of railway stations and their adjacent areas and summarizes our research findings to increase the attractiveness of rail journeys through enhanced public spaces.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 973-1009
Issue: 5
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2246508
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2246508
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# input file: CEPS_A_2222532_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Maciej J. Nowak
Author-X-Name-First: Maciej J.
Author-X-Name-Last: Nowak
Title: Urban planning for climate change
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1185-1186
Issue: 5
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2222532
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2222532
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# input file: CEPS_A_2251527_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Joost Tennekes
Author-X-Name-First: Joost
Author-X-Name-Last: Tennekes
Author-Name: David Evers
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Evers
Title: A marriage of inconvenience: the coupling of spatial planning to European environmental policy
Abstract: 
 For decades, the European Union has affected spatial planning in the member states through its environmental policies. To investigate the mechanism by which EU policy becomes joined up to spatial planning, we invoke the concept of ‘coupling’ from systems and organizational science. We show that coupling is established not only at the EU policymaking level (e.g. within a directive’s text), but also during implementation and enforcement. Consequently, it is possible to actively ‘manage’ coupling either by enhancing its flexibility on paper or by limiting its activation in practice. Drawing on three case studies in the Netherlands, we show that various (de)coupling strategies can be applied, but none are completely satisfactory or risk-free.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1078-1096
Issue: 5
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2251527
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2251527
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# input file: CEPS_A_2256800_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Johan Högström
Author-X-Name-First: Johan
Author-X-Name-Last: Högström
Author-Name: Peter Brokking
Author-X-Name-First: Peter
Author-X-Name-Last: Brokking
Author-Name: Berit Balfors
Author-X-Name-First: Berit
Author-X-Name-Last: Balfors
Author-Name: Monica Hammer
Author-X-Name-First: Monica
Author-X-Name-Last: Hammer
Author-Name: Mats Stjernberg
Author-X-Name-First: Mats
Author-X-Name-Last: Stjernberg
Author-Name: Johannes Lidmo
Author-X-Name-First: Johannes
Author-X-Name-Last: Lidmo
Title: Exploring local spatial planning as practices of process design in the Stockholm region, Sweden
Abstract: 
 The quest for sustainable urban development requires innovative planning approaches more apt to cater for transformative action. Based on a case study approach, this study aims to explore the potential for local planning to develop practical approaches able to accelerate the transition towards sustainable urban development. To guide spatial development towards sustainability, the analysis of the results shows that local planners need to envision a process design as to advance the understanding of how a site or area can be developed. The act of process design involves pending between processes of contextualization (i.e. exploring five distinguishable domains of planning inquiry) and concretization (i.e. deciding upon a course of action by executing activities that form a process trajectory). Regarding the potential of local planning to develop transformative approaches, it is concluded that: (i) local planners possess capabilities that allow them to probe the future of places and produce insights about prospective change, (ii) the transformative capacity of local planning practices is bound to the development of the identified domains of planning inquiry and (iii) forthcoming evaluations organized around the act of process design can reveal insights regarding the possibilities to put the notion of sustainability into practice at the local level.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1097-1117
Issue: 5
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2256800
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2256800
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# input file: CEPS_A_2246522_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Satu Rinkinen
Author-X-Name-First: Satu
Author-X-Name-Last: Rinkinen
Author-Name: Suvi Konsti-Laakso
Author-X-Name-First: Suvi
Author-X-Name-Last: Konsti-Laakso
Author-Name: Katja Lahikainen
Author-X-Name-First: Katja
Author-X-Name-Last: Lahikainen
Title: University as an opportunity space enabler in a regional entrepreneurial ecosystem
Abstract: 
 Universities are widely recognized as key players in entrepreneurial ecosystems that support entrepreneurial activities to create economic and social value in the region. Previous research has increased our understanding about the role of universities contributing to regional economic development and entrepreneurship through knowledge transfer mechanisms, increasing human capital and innovation activity. However, little is known about the contribution of universities to the actual entrepreneurial processes in spatial context. Utilizing the case study approach, this study examines university as an ecosystem actor, focusing particularly on the enabling role of universities in entrepreneurial opportunity formation. As a result, this study provides a conceptualization of four different entrepreneurial opportunity spaces, bounded by the varying degrees of knowledge applicability and opportunity proximity. This article contributes to research on regional entrepreneurial ecosystems and on the role of universities as ecosystem actors contributing to research knowledge-based entrepreneurial opportunity formation for innovative entrepreneurship.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1010-1028
Issue: 5
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2246522
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2246522
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# input file: CEPS_A_2273307_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Ignazio Cabras
Author-X-Name-First: Ignazio
Author-X-Name-Last: Cabras
Author-Name: Ekaterina Shakina
Author-X-Name-First: Ekaterina
Author-X-Name-Last: Shakina
Author-Name: Arpita Bhattacharjee
Author-X-Name-First: Arpita
Author-X-Name-Last: Bhattacharjee
Title: Pubs and pints, crims and crimes: exploring the relationship between public houses and crime
Abstract: 
 This paper examines the relationship between public houses or pubs, and crime rates in England and Wales. The impact of pubs on local communities is generally studied and investigated within the context of third places, thus physical places that facilitate the accumulation of social capital within communities. We estimate Poisson Fixed-Effects (PFE) and a frontier Spatial Autoregressive (SAR) model on a unique panel dataset for 375 local authorities in England and Wales between 2003 and 2018. Results from the analysis indicate that the presence of pubs progressively relates to a higher incidence of major crimes when transitioning from rural to urban areas, mainly due to weaker level of community cohesion and a lack of resources to support formal policing in more urbanized centres. These findings highlight the importance of place-based strategies in tackling rising incidences of crimes, indicating that recent pub closures may have contributed to severing community ties that act as a deterrent to crime in certain areas.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1146-1164
Issue: 5
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2273307
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2273307
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# input file: CEPS_A_2228343_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: David Knäble
Author-X-Name-First: David
Author-X-Name-Last: Knäble
Author-Name: Konstantinos P. Tsagarakis
Author-X-Name-First: Konstantinos P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Tsagarakis
Title: ‘Made in Germany’ how companies approach Circular Economy on Linked-In
Abstract: 
 In this study, circular economy (CE) relevance in Germany will be discussed based on LinkedIn readily available data. LinkedIn company profiles located in Germany with ‘circular economy’ in their description or any other field were selected and used as a data source to analyze their CE relation. Overall, 514 German companies were analyzed in reference to the 15 German regions they belong. Most companies are located in the federal state of Berlin (126), followed by North Rhine-Westphalia (96) and Bavaria (77). In terms of the industry sector, they are self-classified to environmental services (64), management consulting (50), renewables & environment (33), research (31), and computer software (18) etc. Regarding their employees with LinkedIn profiles, 22,621 people are affiliated with these companies, ranging from one to 7,877. All examined companies have a total of 819,632 followers on LinkedIn, ranging from none to 88,167. An increase in CE-related companies was recorded in 13 of the 16 federal states of Germany over a one-year period. This work provides essential insights into the increasing relevance and trends of the circular economy in German enterprises and will help conduct further national studies with readily available data from LinkedIn.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 927-951
Issue: 5
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2228343
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2228343
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# input file: CEPS_A_2244567_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Tianzhu Liu
Author-X-Name-First: Tianzhu
Author-X-Name-Last: Liu
Author-Name: Willem K. Korthals Altes
Author-X-Name-First: Willem K.
Author-X-Name-Last: Korthals Altes
Author-Name: Romain Melot
Author-X-Name-First: Romain
Author-X-Name-Last: Melot
Author-Name: Frédéric Wallet
Author-X-Name-First: Frédéric
Author-X-Name-Last: Wallet
Title: Reterritorialisation of agricultural activities in land-use and food planning: comparing the Netherlands and France
Abstract: 
 The reterritorialisation of agricultural activities (RAA) consists of reinforcing local food production and its diversification activities oriented toward local consumers. RAA helps shape the local food system, which is an increasingly studied topic in the planning field. However, institutional impacts on planning approaches for RAA remain unknown. This study examines this question by comparing land-use and food planning in Dutch and French cases, where France defines food planning via national law and the Netherlands does not. Through analysis of planning documents and semi-structured interviews, we identified planning goals and instruments, and analysed governance models. We then linked these three components to understand institutional impacts. Our empirical findings reveal that regarding planning policies on RAA, there are differences between the two countries in terms of focused action fields, planning instruments, and links between land-use and food planning. Our results show that the dominance of state-local relationships in France and civil society-government relationships in the Netherlands has a significant effect on planning approaches. This study supports the need for an emphasis on institutional design for effective planning for RAA.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 952-972
Issue: 5
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2244567
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2244567
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# input file: CEPS_A_2263053_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Maija Tiitu
Author-X-Name-First: Maija
Author-X-Name-Last: Tiitu
Author-Name: Elina Nyberg
Author-X-Name-First: Elina
Author-X-Name-Last: Nyberg
Author-Name: Jaana I. Halonen
Author-X-Name-First: Jaana I.
Author-X-Name-Last: Halonen
Author-Name: Tytti P. Pasanen
Author-X-Name-First: Tytti P.
Author-X-Name-Last: Pasanen
Author-Name: Arto Viinikka
Author-X-Name-First: Arto
Author-X-Name-Last: Viinikka
Author-Name: Jenni Lehtimäki
Author-X-Name-First: Jenni
Author-X-Name-Last: Lehtimäki
Author-Name: Timo Lanki
Author-X-Name-First: Timo
Author-X-Name-Last: Lanki
Author-Name: Kati Vierikko
Author-X-Name-First: Kati
Author-X-Name-Last: Vierikko
Title: Comparing city practitioners’ and residents’ perceptions of a liveable neighbourhood in Finland
Abstract: 
 Planning sustainable and liveable communities requires considering residents’ perceptions and preferences. However, practitioners’ values and preferences can also determine the development of neighbourhoods, which has rarely been recognized. Thus, we compared if residents’ and practitioners’ perceptions match regarding 1) factors they considered valuable for neighbourhoods and 2) the development needs of specific neighbourhoods. We studied three Finnish suburbs using practitioner workshops and residential surveys. In general, the practitioners’ and residents’ values matched well. Both groups rated cleanliness, non-traffic related safety, essential services, and green spaces as the most important factors. However, residents valued traffic safety and lighting of routes more than practitioners. The practitioners and residents mostly agreed on how to develop the neighbourhoods in the future. The resident views not fully considered in the practitioners’ development objectives were noise disturbances, and infill development as a threat to green spaces. This study underlined the importance of considering safety and access to green spaces in planning and developing suburbs. The study also revealed the complexity of integrating different aspects of liveability on an individual and neighbourhood/city scale. The integration of different dimensions of liveability in planning may require the use of participatory planning-support tools.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1118-1145
Issue: 5
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 05
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2263053
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2263053
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# input file: CEPS_A_2307334_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Ismail Demirdag
Author-X-Name-First: Ismail
Author-X-Name-Last: Demirdag
Title: COVID 19 and regional entrepreneurship: which regional features can mitigate the devastating effects of COVID-19?
Abstract: 
 Given the assumption that entrepreneurship is context-dependent and embedded in spatial features, the severity of the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on entrepreneurship may vary significantly across regions. This study, which is the first in the literature, categorizes 81 NUTS III level regions in Türkiye according to their entrepreneurship levels and examines how and to what extent regional characteristics determine entrepreneurship patterns, using MANOVA-ANOVA and Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA). Inspired by the resilience literature, it tries to reveal which regional attributes are more effective in keeping entrepreneurship resilient against shocks by comparing the pre-crisis (2012) and crisis periods (2020). Revealing critical differences between the pre-crisis and crisis periods, the article shows that population density, positive migration, high education levels, sectoral diversity, government incentives and natural geographical features, such as altitude and precipitation, are vital for regional entrepreneurship to remain resilient against COVID-19. Additionally, high population growth, young population rate, financial capital and income level, developed production, innovation, transportation and communication infrastructure combined with strong international networks and suitable climatic conditions are critical determinants that encourage regional entrepreneurship. On the contrary, specialization in certain sectors appears to be a regional weakness.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1377-1400
Issue: 6
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2024.2307334
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2024.2307334
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# input file: CEPS_A_2308027_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Hendrik Hansmeier
Author-X-Name-First: Hendrik
Author-X-Name-Last: Hansmeier
Author-Name: Sebastian Losacker
Author-X-Name-First: Sebastian
Author-X-Name-Last: Losacker
Title: Regional eco-innovation trajectories
Abstract: 
 Given that eco-innovations and the associated renewal of regional economic structures are pivotal in addressing environmental challenges, regional research is increasingly focusing on their spatio-temporal dynamics. While green technological and industrial path developments in specific regions have received considerable attention, little effort has been made to derive general patterns of environmental inventive activities across regions. Drawing on unique data capturing both green incumbent and green start-up activities in the 401 German NUTS-3 regions over the period 1997–2018, this paper sheds light on how eco-innovation activities unfold in different regional contexts. For this purpose, we introduce sequence analysis methods into the research toolkit of research on regional development. These novel methods allow us to understand to what extent regions engage in eco-innovation activities, how these activities change over time and to what extent similar or unique eco-innovation trajectories (co)evolve. Based on this empirical approach, we distinguish different types of regional eco-innovation trajectories and find a strong persistence and path dependency in green regional development.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1401-1422
Issue: 6
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2024.2308027
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2024.2308027
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# input file: CEPS_A_2298297_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Hannah Kosow
Author-X-Name-First: Hannah
Author-X-Name-Last: Kosow
Author-Name: Sandra Wassermann
Author-X-Name-First: Sandra
Author-X-Name-Last: Wassermann
Title: Conflicts in the inter-municipal management of commercial areas – a case study using cognitive-affective mapping
Abstract: 
 Multiple conflicts of spatial planning are currently intensifying in the context of sustainability transformations. This paper aims to better understand the conflicts involved in planning inter-municipal commercial areas (IMCA) in city-regional constellations. Choosing an explicit conflict perspective integrating different strands of literature, a qualitative in-depth case study using cognitive-affective mapping (CAM) is carried out. The case study analyzes a region comprising a large urban center and multiple smaller surrounding communities in Southern Germany, where several attempts to cooperate have failed, ostensibly due to poor urban-rural relations. Our findings reveal that the situation is more complex: IMCA is hindered by vertical and horizontal governance conflicts and sectoral conflicts of interest. While land use conflicts on where to implement IMCA are hindering concrete projects, a deeper conflict potential lies in the question of whether to plan new commercial areas at all. Albeit IMCA are proposed as the solution for reducing land take and realizing economic growth, the planning of IMCA reflects this global tension on the regional and local level without being able to solve it per se. We conclude that an explicit conflict perspective as well as the CAM method can be fruitful for planning research and practice.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1273-1294
Issue: 6
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2298297
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2298297
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# input file: CEPS_A_2285811_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Mina Di Marino
Author-X-Name-First: Mina
Author-X-Name-Last: Di Marino
Author-Name: Maija Tiitu
Author-X-Name-First: Maija
Author-X-Name-Last: Tiitu
Author-Name: Inger-Lise Saglie
Author-X-Name-First: Inger-Lise
Author-X-Name-Last: Saglie
Author-Name: Kimmo Lapintie
Author-X-Name-First: Kimmo
Author-X-Name-Last: Lapintie
Title: Conceptualizing ‘green’ in urban and regional planning – the cases of Oslo and Helsinki
Abstract: 
 In recent decades, nature has been increasingly acknowledged in the urban environment for its importance to people’s well-being and quality of life, as well as for its role in building sustainable cities. The idea of nature in cities and the conceptualization of ‘green’ (e.g. green structure, green fingers, green infrastructure, parks and ecosystem services) are correlated in planning approaches. This study explores the conceptualization of green by analysing the concepts used in the two regions of Oslo and Helsinki, and by investigating their current master and regional plans through quantitative and qualitative analyses. The findings exhibit a variety of green concepts and complementary features (between planning concepts introduced earlier and newer ones). Over the years, and in the light of evolving ideas of nature, the master and regional plans of both regions have set up a multi-functionality framework, more recently influenced by ecosystem services approaches. The study contributes to understanding the evolving conceptualization of green in urban and regional planning approaches. The discussion is linked to place-specific contexts and regulatory practices, and connected – to some extent – to the wider international debate and planning ideas that incorporate nature.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1187-1209
Issue: 6
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2285811
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2285811
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:32:y:2024:i:6:p:1187-1209



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# input file: CEPS_A_2291087_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Keungoui Kim
Author-X-Name-First: Keungoui
Author-X-Name-Last: Kim
Author-Name: Dieter F. Kogler
Author-X-Name-First: Dieter F.
Author-X-Name-Last: Kogler
Author-Name: Massimiliano Coda Zabetta
Author-X-Name-First: Massimiliano Coda
Author-X-Name-Last: Zabetta
Title: New collaborations and novel innovations: the role of regional brokerage and collaboration intensity
Abstract: 
 In this paper, we investigate the role of brokers in the regional innovation network and its influence on innovative and collaborative outcomes. For this purpose, we make use of data from the European Patent Office and Eurostat in the period 1986–2015. We first build the regional collaboration network based on co-inventorship ties, and then we identify the brokerage roles played by each region, using the original taxonomy proposed by Gould and Fernandez (1989), to disentangle their impact on innovation and collaboration. Finally, we investigate regional collaboration intensity and how it interacts with brokerage roles, highlighting its mediating effect. Our findings indicate that brokerage roles contribute to the extension of collaboration networks, but also that they are not efficient for the creation of innovation. Collaboration intensity, on the other hand, enhances both innovation and collaborative outcomes and shows how a region can benefit from being a broker.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1251-1272
Issue: 6
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2291087
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2291087
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:32:y:2024:i:6:p:1251-1272



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# input file: CEPS_A_2303469_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Kaj Zimmerbauer
Author-X-Name-First: Kaj
Author-X-Name-Last: Zimmerbauer
Author-Name: Kees Terlouw
Author-X-Name-First: Kees
Author-X-Name-Last: Terlouw
Title: Branding soft spaces
Abstract: 
 This paper discusses how newly-conceived soft spaces – typically with fuzzy boundaries and less formally organized institutional structures – are ‘commodified’ through visualizations in promoting practices. By discussing those practices, the article argues that promotion and branding are fundamentally processes where these soft spaces become hardened. This hardening is embedded in branding-related ‘speech acts’ and visual framings in particular. The article states that although new soft spaces are considered highly useful in competitivity-enhancing spatial policies where flexible spaces and fuzzy boundaries are typically emphasized, paradoxically their ‘softness’ gradually decreases as a result of branding process consisting of elements of expressing, mirroring, impressing and reflecting. It thus needs to be asked whether soft spaces can be branded without using framings and speech acts that harden them. The soft regions of the Bothnian Arc, a Swedish-Finnish coastal region around the Gulf of Bothnia, and the Region Foodvalley, an agrarian region in the middle of the Netherlands, are used here as examples to discuss how soft spaces transform in this context.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1318-1336
Issue: 6
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2024.2303469
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2024.2303469
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# input file: CEPS_A_2312135_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Linnea Eriksson
Author-X-Name-First: Linnea
Author-X-Name-Last: Eriksson
Author-Name: Jacob Witzell
Author-X-Name-First: Jacob
Author-X-Name-Last: Witzell
Author-Name: Karolina Isaksson
Author-X-Name-First: Karolina
Author-X-Name-Last: Isaksson
Author-Name: Christina Lindkvist
Author-X-Name-First: Christina
Author-X-Name-Last: Lindkvist
Title: A climate report gone missing – power mechanisms in Swedish national transport planning
Abstract: 
 While the technological development of vehicles and fuels is not adequate to meet current climate mitigation targets, infrastructure development also plays an important role in transforming the transport system. Previous studies have argued that conventional infrastructure planning is incapable of implementing climate mitigation. The aim of the paper is to provide insights into power means and mechanisms that counteract integration of climate mitigation targets in infrastructure planning. This is done by an in-depth case study of current Swedish national transport planning. This case provides a rich illustration of a situation with high political ambitions regarding climate mitigation on the one hand, and power mechanisms and resistance with regard to climate goals during the planning process on the other. The case is analysed using the perspective of power circuits and shows how forecasting works as an obligatory passage point, sorting in and out which analyses will be part of the decision-making material. Analyses which do not fit the forecasting model are dismissed from planning. The conclusion is that as long as the transport infrastructure planning practice is dependent on forecasting as the only central analysis there will be difficulties in changing the scope of infrastructure planning and making climate goals central for transport planning.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1423-1441
Issue: 6
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2024.2312135
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2024.2312135
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# input file: CEPS_A_2305188_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Lucy Earle
Author-X-Name-First: Lucy
Author-X-Name-Last: Earle
Title: Bringing lay knowledge into place-making? A critical exploration of community review panels in London and Southeast England
Abstract: 
 This article serves as the first academic inquiry into the establishment and functioning of community review panels (CRPs) in England. CRPs are an innovation in public participation in planning. The first CRP was established in 2018 to operate within the boundaries of the Old Oak and Park Royal Development Corporation (OPDC) in West London. It was set up to mirror the workings of a Design Review Panel, with people selected to serve on the CRP for their local knowledge and ability to participate in substantive discussions. CRPs are now active in six areas of London and Southeast England, predominantly in locations experiencing significant development or regeneration. The article is based on analysis of primary interview and observation data, grey literature on CRPs, and a review of academic and policy debates on public participation and lay knowledge. It explores the potential for CRPs to provide meaningful input into planning and place-making. It concludes that well-managed panels can make meaningful contributions to the development control process, but could be more effectively employed in broader place-making. Both outcomes are contingent on local planners' willingness and ability to serve as brokers of different types of knowledge, testing lay and expert perspectives alongside each other.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1355-1376
Issue: 6
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2024.2305188
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2024.2305188
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:32:y:2024:i:6:p:1355-1376



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# input file: CEPS_A_2301295_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Sarah Herzog
Author-X-Name-First: Sarah
Author-X-Name-Last: Herzog
Author-Name: Colin Mason
Author-X-Name-First: Colin
Author-X-Name-Last: Mason
Author-Name: Michaela Hruskova
Author-X-Name-First: Michaela
Author-X-Name-Last: Hruskova
Title: The role of large corporations in entrepreneurial ecosystems – a case study of Munich
Abstract: 
 A critical omission in research on entrepreneurial ecosystems is the role of large firms. It is claimed that they are critical actors. However, the current consensus – which suggests that their effects are entirely beneficial – is superficial. We present evidence from a case study of Munich, a city that combines an emerging ecosystem with a strong corporate sector, which indicates that the reality is much more nuanced. We confirm the resource-enriching effects of corporations. However, we also identify adverse impacts on the entrepreneurial culture that arise from their conservative and risk-avoiding mindset.Corporations are one of the most significant actors in entrepreneurial ecosystems. They are widely regarded as having a positive influence on local entrepreneurial activity. However, our study of Munich shows that they also have adverse effects, especially on entrepreneurial culture. We find that although corporations provide valuable resources into the entrepreneurial ecosystem, their conservative mindset, self-interested behaviour, and siloed activities negatively impact local entrepreneurial culture and undermine the community aspect of entrepreneurship. These adverse effects could be mitigated by corporations adopting agile practices when collaborating with disruptive start-ups, developing them into future business partners rather than a source of technical and business talent, and building ecosystem-wide networks with other actors. It is therefore essential that corporations are part of the leadership group of entrepreneurial ecosystems.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1295-1317
Issue: 6
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2301295
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2301295
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# input file: CEPS_A_2289446_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Jan Kubeš
Author-X-Name-First: Jan
Author-X-Name-Last: Kubeš
Author-Name: Robert Szmytkie
Author-X-Name-First: Robert
Author-X-Name-Last: Szmytkie
Title: Environmental acceptability of suburban sprawl around two differently sized Czech cities
Abstract: 
 Suburbanization and suburban sprawl are natural processes in a certain period of development of the city and its hinterland. According to studies devoted to suburban sprawl, this sprawl has many negative impacts on the environment. But if suburban sprawl creates compact and mutually separated suburban settlements based on the original villages, suburban localities with a high population density and suburban localities on poor land, then these impacts are relatively small, acceptable in the period of suburbanization development. This paper focuses on (1) the acceptability of the location of suburban localities in terms of the required compactness of suburban settlements, (2) the acceptability of population density in suburban localities in relation to the population density in city neighbourhoods with detached single-family houses and (3) the acceptability of agricultural land occupations for suburban localities in terms of the lowest land quality in these occupations. The analyzes were carried out in suburban settlements around Prague and the regional city of České Budějovice. Acceptable locations of suburban localities prevail there, but population densities are usually lower in suburban localities than in mentioned city neighbourhoods. Unfortunately, the most valuable agricultural land is located in the immediate vicinity of settlements, where suburban localities are developing.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1231-1250
Issue: 6
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2289446
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2289446
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# input file: CEPS_A_2305187_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Marek Lichter
Author-X-Name-First: Marek
Author-X-Name-Last: Lichter
Author-Name: Ondřej Mulíček
Author-X-Name-First: Ondřej
Author-X-Name-Last: Mulíček
Title: Shifting prominence of places and times: multiple centralities of socialist Brno
Abstract: 
 This paper aims to take a closer critical look at the multiple and multi-layered nature of urban centrality. Centrality is conceptualized here as a kind of prominence, perceived, planned and represented quality within the urban timespace. We employ three distinct ontological categories of the urban centre (centre-as-event, centre-as-thing and centre-as-structure) to take a deeper insight into the symbolism, ideological narratives and planning practices behind the genesis of the prominent urban places and times. With this approach, we expose even the seemingly subtle phenomena that (co-)shape multiple urban centralities. We are empirically focusing on the case of the city of Brno (Czech Republic). Attention is paid in particular to the period of socialism, more specifically to the influence of socialist ideology on the reorganization of urban central places and times. We are trying to overcome the traditional view of centralized and all-encompassing socialist transformation. Instead, the socialist Brno provides the case study to demonstrate a subtle fabric of overlapping, competing or simply coexisting socialist and pre-socialist centralities. We argue that the physical re-centralization of the city was in the end less significant than the efforts to symbolically recode the urban environment.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1337-1354
Issue: 6
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2024.2305187
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2024.2305187
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# input file: CEPS_A_2293898_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Fajar Pitarsi Dharma
Author-X-Name-First: Fajar Pitarsi
Author-X-Name-Last: Dharma
Author-Name: Nurul Anwar
Author-X-Name-First: Nurul
Author-X-Name-Last: Anwar
Author-Name: Syaifullah Syaifullah
Author-X-Name-First: Syaifullah
Author-X-Name-Last: Syaifullah
Title: Technology Advances and Innovation in Wine Tourism: New Managerial Approaches and Cases
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1442-1444
Issue: 6
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2293898
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2293898
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# input file: CEPS_A_2285812_J.xml processed with: repec_from_jats12.xsl darts-xml-transformations-20240209T083504 git hash: db97ba8e3a
Author-Name: Evangelos Rasvanis
Author-X-Name-First: Evangelos
Author-X-Name-Last: Rasvanis
Author-Name: Vassilis Tselios
Author-X-Name-First: Vassilis
Author-X-Name-Last: Tselios
Title: Privatisations, FDI, and Greece’s regional economic recovery: an empirical study of perceptual view of investors
Abstract: 
 This paper aims to explore the perceptions of domestic and foreign entrepreneurs (businesspeople and/or managers) operating in Greece towards the spatial diffusion of FDI effects caused by the privatization programme implemented by the Greek government after an economic crisis. In particular, it investigates whether attracting foreign direct investors through the ongoing privatization programme could be a policy tool for the country's recovery from the prolonged 2008 global economic crisis. To that end, it presents the results of a multinomial logistic regression model based on survey data from a significant sample of domestic and foreign investors in Greece. The key finding of this study suggests that the positive effects of FDI on the recovery of Greece from the economic crisis are more likely to benefit the country's economy as a whole than only the local economy in which the FDI is located. This finding is stronger for entrepreneurs who are (moderately) optimistic about the role of the privatization programme in attracting the interest of foreign investors than others. Overall, there is evidence that FDI attraction policies can help all Greek regions to recover from an economic crisis.
Journal: European Planning Studies
Pages: 1210-1230
Issue: 6
Volume: 32
Year: 2024
Month: 06
X-DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2023.2285812
File-URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1080/09654313.2023.2285812
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Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:32:y:2024:i:6:p:1210-1230